natiue Cuntreys deare Parentes Wiues Children Freindes and that more is leauynge the reguarde of their owne health haue sumtimes vndertakeÌ„ very far â—â—â—â—â—ies with great difficultie perill care and anguishe Since therefore traueill is honeste pleasant profitable and commodious what man withée ashamed to take it in hand that is prouided and méet thereto and that by example of so many Emperours kings wisemen warriours and other worthy personages that haue traueilled to sée straunge and far Countreys to wander wide abroad wherby are knowne the peculyar behauiors of euery cuntrey their disposition diet appareill maner of buildinge situation of places tillage moreouer Lawes all doctrines opinious holy and profane and finally the nature of all things But â—â— I 〈◊〉 before admonished it behâ—â—ueth him that shal dose to be wary and to expresse the person of Vlisses or Aneas or if hée cannot so doo haue Achates and Nestors with him that is to say faithfull and louing companions whose counsel hée may follow liue wel and returne safe into his cuntrey vnto which wée all are bound and borne and which wée may and ought also to gouerne and that with praise after the knowledge and experience of so many thinges so that wee follow godlynesse ensue vertâ— and neuer waxe wéerie whatsoeuer paines or difficultie of perils affault vs. Thus endeth the first Booke The second Booke oâ— the Traueiller of Ierome Turler of compre hending an excellent description of the moste delicious Realme of Naples The. 1. Chapter IN the firste Booke I haue answered to the question which was propouÌ„ded in the beginning by suche preceptes as I haue thought sufficient towardes the attayninge of a well ordred happie and prosperous traueill Whiche if they bee dilligently obserued and in such order as wee haue delyuered them doe shewe that what soeuer straunge or dangerous accideÌ„ts befall vs in traueillynge it chaunceth not so much by humane negligence as it is to bee ascribed vnto to the prouidence of eternall God For the condicion of our lyfe is suche that it is exposed and lyeth open vnto infinite miseries and there was yet neuer man blessed in all respectes or that could escape death Whereby all changes and chaunces of Fortune are more indifferently to be borne and wee must suppose that nothinge can befall vnto vs that hath not also hapned vnto others And for as much as examples bringe lyght to preceptes making the matter more euide it as the Lawier sayth I thinke it worthe the traueill to declare that by some example whiche I admonished generally to bée considered in all traueill Whiche thinge that I shoulde more wyllyngly accomplishe partlye the remembrance of suche thinges as ether I my selfe haue séene in sundrie places or haue heard of others hath mooued mee partly the very maiestie of Antiquitie and knowledge whiche is woont of it selfe to delight and is exceptable vnto all men Beesides the profite which it bringeth vnto the exposition of good Aucthours whether wée speake of Poetrie or of Histories Wherfore I meane to touch in this second Bâ—â—ke such thinges as are in the Realme of Naples worthy to bee séene since there is scarce no other place in all Christendome in my opinion lying within the compasse of Europe for holsomnesse of aire situation pleasantnesse abundance or ciuilitie match vnto it Moreouer it is very famous by the writinges of excellent Aucthours Virgill and Liuie besides that perhaps I think I may doe pleasure â—â—ereby vnto them that meane heareafter themseues to traueill in that part of Italie For when they shal haue read this discourse being put in minde they may more exquisitely and dylygently searche euerie thinge and they shall finde them to bee soe Howbeit I purpose not by this demonstration as it were by â— most certen discription of the place to set foorth at full the whole Countrey of Naples which by the proper name is termed Happy Campania for that belongeth to the dutie of a Cosmographer but such thinges will I note onely as tast of Antiquitie and are woorthie admyration aboue the rest Wherefore I will not deuide them into anye precyse order of recytall but for the pleasaunt renuyng of the aunciente remembraunce of them I will declare them in suche order as I sawe them without all glose of woordes or falsefying the trueth in anye thing both for that it behooueth the disputation of veritie and trueth to bée simple and also the manner of telling requireth the same and trueth is the foundation of an Historie ¶ Portus Baianus commonly called La Pescina Mirabile A wonderfull Fisheponde The. 2. Chapter WHen therfore wée had taken our iourney comming out of the frontirs and lybertie of Rome and were approched vnto the fixte stone from the Citie of Naples wee sawe a place whiche the Italians tearme La Pescina Mirabile wee passed throughe an hugie and waste place into a greate buildyng long fouresquare and as a man shoulde say made vault wise resemblyng the shewe of a Churche Longewyse it contayned foure courses of square Pillers whereby the Archeis were borne vp euery course conteyning xij Pillers so that in all there were in number xlviii of diuerse bygnesse and fourme Which when it seemed straunge vnto those that béehéelde these antiquities with mée this is no straunge thinge quod I since most graue authours haue writteÌ„ that the Temple of Diana at Ephesus had in it Cxxiii Pyllers whereof euery one was lx foote longe Then wée stepte downe three steppes on euerye syde But there were no wyndowes nor tooken of any howbeit the Sunne shyned in in sundrye places by chinkes and riftes otherwyse the buildyng was whole and sounde enoughe So that a man cannot well ghesse to what purpose it was in olde time builded muchlesse pronounce any certentie thereof Some are of opinion that it was a fisheponde whyche they gather bothe by the lykelyhoode of the place and also out of Plinie who wryteth that Hortensius the Oratour had a Ponde for Lampreis among the Bauli in the coast of Baie of whych hys Lampreis hée loued one so entirely that as it is reported hiâ— wepte for her when â—hee was deade Blondus iudgeth that this place was Lucullus house Others affirme that Antonia wyse to Drusus buylded that place to kéepe Lampreis in And in what pryce fishepondes and chiefely of Lampreis were had in olde tyme maye well bée gathered out of apprâ—ued wryters wherein this increased my coniecture that vppon that mountayne or rather hill those thinges are yet to bee séene which are reade in Plinie where hée sayth that the people in olde tyme as Lucullus and Hortensius bestowed muche 〈◊〉 to 〈◊〉 channelles through Hilles and Mountaines to bring in the Sea. ¶ Centum Cellae commonly called Cento Camerelle an hundred Chambers The. 3. Chapter WHen wée were departed forthe of this hugie and waste mole and building we came to Alle Cento camerelle lying directly oueragainst the other beyng so called for that it conteineth nothing but Chambers and Celles leadyng
haue no light from heauen Wherefore we could not ghesse by any coniecture or by any arguments what all that building had bin heretofore or to what purpose it was first deuised ¶ Ciceroes Academie Village and hoat Bathes The. 6. Chapter WIthout the compasse of these hils whiche enuiron the place called Auernus rouÌ„d about towards Puteoli there staÌ„deth Tullies Academie which was sometime his village a place for that galleries thicknes of shadowed walkes very famous where nowe are certen hoat Bathes called by name of Ciceroes Bathes These Bathes béegan first tospring vp after his death in the dayes of one Antistius which was hys successour in the same vilage which Laurea one whoÌ„ Tullie had made frée hath celebrated in verses in the honor of his maister as Plinie writeth The Italians call that place Ibagni di Tritoli The situation of them is most pleasant and at the foote of the hill stand certeyn houses some faierer then other builded but lowe and after a simple maner and for the more part forlorne Howbeit in the moneth of May they bée all inhabited bycause at the time of the yéere there resort great multitudes of peoples vnto the Baines some to preserue some to recouer health being very holsome and aueilable thereto by reason of the varietie of Metalles in them as Brimstone Nitre Salt and Bitumen in which respect Plinie coÌ„mendeth them adding moreouer that some of them do much good only by their vapour ¶ Cumae The Citie Cumae The. 7. Chapter CVmae standeth welnigh at the thirde stone from these Bathes of which Citie the prouerbe is truely verified Cuma hath bin For of so great and renowmed a Citie as this hath bin there remaineth now almost nothing besides a fewe ruines and downfalles wherin a few poore fishermeÌ„ are now dwelling with certeine Monumentes very auncient and worthy to bée considered especially in the place which they tearme Locauallo There is also yet remayning there a Triumphant Ark whole and sound and the Temple of Apollo wherof Virgill writeth in this maner But good Aeneas to Apollos Church and temple towers Hee went to seeke the secrete caue of sibyls dread full howers c. Liuius writeth that this citie was builded by the Cumaei a people of Euâ—oâ—â— by the Chalcidenses Strabo commendeth it not so much for the time wherein it was builded or for those that built it as he doth for the monuments antiquities For he writeth how that for their sumptuousnes store thereof they surpassed al the other Cities of Italy So that it is lesse false which BloÌ„dus reporteth that in no place in all Europe are so many downfals ruines of most sumptuous buildings to be séene Rome onely excepted as are betwéene Cuma Baias being no doubt therof but that this Citie hath bin in foretimes most wealthy and populous For it is certein that the citie of Naples called in old time Parthenope tooke beginning of that the inhabitants being sent from Cuma thither Which afterward was ouerthrown by the sam people of Cuma bicause thei saw the wealth therof dayly increase Which being done some write that there befell a fore plague of pestilence throughout the whole territory and confines of Cuma wherof wheÌ„ there was no end neyther could the inhabitantes finde any remedie to driue away that mischiefe report goeth that they asked counsel of the Oriacle which answered that Naples was the cause of that plague and that it should neuer cease vnlesse they buylded that citie agayne and restored it to the former state Whiche when they had done the plague immediatly ceased but the Citie afterwarde beinge troubled with sedition of the people and manye Earthquakes lost the naturall strength like an olde mother leauing behinde her a daughter to wit the Citie of Naples which indéede lyueth and flourishe that this day Now were wée come to the Hauen Baianum which was made by Agrippa as Dion Cassius writeth where wée forsooke our Boat and prepared to sayle to Puteoli And as we were saylyng wée behéelde alonge in our course sundry high Hilles and Mountaynes at the féete of whiche were continuall rankes of downe fallen Houses wherby we might easly coniecture that there stoode some great Towne in ould time but that it was cast downe by Earthquaks that often times are séene there and for that cause were forsaken of the inhabitants For ther appéere the expres tokens of a wasted citie or towne now all ouer growne with bushes briers and a few houses are inhabited by pore Mariners and Fishermen because the harbor is indifferent safe Which wheÌ„ I béeheld it came into my minde what Seruius Sulpitius wrate vnto Cicero in a certen place how when hée retourned vpon a time out of Asia and was saylynge from Aegina towardes Megara hée was incompassed round about as he sayde with carcases of townes For before vs there lay the remnauntes of the Citie whereof wée spake euen now behind vs Cuma on the one side Baiae and on the other Puteoli was not farre of which townes hauing bin in ould times most flourishing now they lie aground flat before our eies Wherfore I fel into wondring at the state and fortune of all worldly thinges and thus I thought within my self good Lord what shal on day become of our cuntreis whiche are neither so pleasant nether so well tilled nether so wealthy nether so famous as these haue bin in times past therefore doubtles thei shal that sooner decay I called to minde also that I had séene beefore amonge the Hollenders in the German Ocean and in the Ilandes of Selande that there are certen whole villages and townes drowned whereof the sléeples towers and highest buildings stand vp and are séene in the Sea like as they were certen wachtowers spying places an euident argument of the frailtie of earthly things and that there is nothing stable or permanent in this life In lyke sort the Sea carried away the cities of Pyrrha and Antissa about Meotis and lykewise Elice Buris in the Corinthian bosome called Sinus Corinthiacus that tokens wherof apeare aboue the water at this day as Plinie writeth the verses of Ouid are well knowne where he writeth of them saying If yee goe to seeke for Helicee And Burie which were cities of Achaia you shal see Them hidden vnder water and the Shipmen yet do show The walles and Steeples of the to wâ—es drownd vnder as they row Baines The 8 Chapter THus forsakinge these downefalles followinge the Coast alonge in the Shoare of those hilles continually kéepyng on our course wée came to a hyll where agayne were Baynes The same beynge doubtlesse burninge heat within yet it resembleth no such things in apparance At the first entrance we came into a large and high chamber whose wals and vault of the gate were sumtime finely trimmed with checkered poynct deuise which the reâ—â—â—â—tes that yet remain do sufficiently witnes The entrance into this chamber is indifferent wide and within by the
déepe ditch lyke as it were double trenched For when you be past the firste Ditch anone you shall sée the Castle which lykewise is fenced with a trench Walles and Turretes and it standeth vpon a stéepe downefall of an hyll It hath a verie faire gate in the innersyde made all of Marble openinge vpon a large Courte fouresquare sumewhat long At the left hande when you enter in there is is a litle Hal likewise fouresquare wherein the méetinges and assemblies of the Estates of the whole Realme are kept euery yéere the Vicere of the cuntrey vseth to kéepe court and sit in iudgment there euery wéeke But not far from this Hall in a verye great Tower ar kept these ornaments of the kings A Scepter of gold beset with veryie great Pearles at the toppe A Sword with the Hilt and scabbarde of Golde very ritchly garnished with precious Stones A Crowne or Diademe for a Kinge glittringe with precious and orient Stones of incredible bignesse A Crosse of cleane Golde one spanne longe A mightye Pot of Gold rounde aboute adorned with precious Stones of great valew mightye bigge Pearles called Vniones and principall sorts of most precious Stones in great number To bée shorte there is a Treasure whose estimation and price is inestimable ¶ Antiquities the Vniuersitie and peculiar properties of the Citie and People of Naples The 19. Chapter IT is wounderfull to sée what plentie of most auntient Images are to bee séene in the Citie of Naples yea in priuate mens houses namely of Bacchus Mercurie Hercules Brutus and the whole patterne of the auntient maner of warfare There bée also Statues made wearinge on them gownes and a mightye horsehead made of Bras very cunningly wrought the lyke wherof is séene at Rome in the pallace of the Cardinall De valle Howbeit one Cyriacus Anconitanus hath writen verye dillygentlye of all these matters for that which Apianus and Amantius haue set foorth in this argument touchinge antiquities is for the more part taken out of him Fredirick the seconde Emperoure of Rome founded the Vniuersitie in this Citie whiche flourisheth at this daye While I abode there Simon Portus a famous Philosopher and Physition departed this lyfe The same béesides the Booke whiche hée wroat of the burninge of the cuntrie of Puteolis wherof I made mencion béefore wroat a Booke of the Soule of the Senses of Coulers of the Germain Mayden and many other moe One Mercellus of Siene was of great renowme amonge the Icti a man very well learned and eloquent as for Diuinitie that was in those daies sent to the Monasteries and Abbeies as it was likewise in the more part of all Italie Naples féeleth winter scarselye the space of two Monthes to wit Ianuarie Februarie They haue raine often but without snowe and in Summer season extreame heat by reason whereof they seldome haue anye stéepe couerings and rouffes vpon their Housen as are in other Cuntries that in the night time they may walke vpon the top of the Houses in the Leades to coole their bodies In the vulgare toonge this Citie is termed by the name of Gentiles which is to say Noble lyke as Rome is called Great Venice Ritch Florence Faire as I coniecture to the imitation of the Gréekes whiche vsed also to commende their chiefe Cities by some notable Title For Athenaeus comparinge certen Cities together calleth it Golden Alexandria Bewtifull Antiochia very bewtifull Nicomedia and the Citie of Athens most glorious the mightie Citie and Breuiarie as it were of al the whole Worlde And I think that Naples was called Noble by reason of the great number of Noble men that dwell in it the eâ—cesse which is vsed there And a man shall not finde in any other place of all Italie so great plenty of most excellent and couragious Horses as hée shall there But if a man would bringe a Horse of that Cuntrey out of the Realme hée must pay some custome or tolledge for hym and they sell there not only Horses and all other kindes of Merchandize but also slaues as wel men as women There are many Théeues and in sundrye places the Neapolitanes are euill spoken of not so mutch for that themselues be of an euill Nature but bicause they harbour mane naughty persons and haue naughtie neighbours Those are the Apulians and Calabrians and Sicilians of whom that is to saye the laste that may truely bée sayde whiche Cicero wroat of them All Iland dwellers are naught but the Sicilians are woorst of all But now as concerninge the properties of the the People of Naples they are not so mutche delighted with the Gréeke and Latine as with the Hetruscan tongue and they mocke the Calabrians with their language and lykewise the Calabrians scorne at the Apulians Their talke is full of bragginge and boastinge insomutche that they despise the counsell of othermen and prefer their owne wittes before al others It sufficeth their merchantes if you giue them your woorde but if you breake promise they be very sharp reuengers of the iniurie done vnto them like as they be very mindfull of a good turne receaued They fare passing suÌ„ptuously and sometime they spend more Sugar at a meale then they do breade imitating therein the Sicilians In appairell they bée proude and therin they bestow ouer much cost both in tyme of Warre and Peace They assault their enemy with notable courage and oportunitie they haue horses verie méete for the warres wheron they be erpert in riding and guide theÌ„ with merueylous dexteritie of body They are too too much giuen to loue and ouer amarous but especially of suche wéemen as are painted in face and proud of hart vnto which two thinges their wéemen doe principally apply themselues Otherwise they bee very good huswyues and bée most precise and as it were religious in honouring their louers To conclude the people of Naples are verye curteous and friendly to straungers and loue them in whom they sée anye notable or singular qualitie but if they sée no such thing they litle estéeme theÌ„ And this much of the Citie of Naples ¶ The Kings Pittes or Pondes and the hill Vesuuius called nowe Summi and of others The. 20. Chapter WIthout the Citie on the side which is contrarie or oueragainst that hill Pausilipus are séene the kinges Pittes or Pondes commonly called Pozzi reali truely verie fayre and worthie to bée throughly viewed And vnlesse I bée deceaued there is the lyke place at Rome and at Ferraria Ilbel Veder which is to saye as I interprete it A place for Summer consisting of houses Gardeines and Riuers likewyse most excellent for prospecte and pleasant situation This goodly building or rather Pallaice was erected by Ferdinand of ArragoÌ„ that first king of Naples in fourme fouresquare but somewhat long in whose walles stand very auncient Pictures to be séene The middle court was made to washe in wythout couert in the open aire from whence we mount vp thrée steppes into a place
Forum Vulcani Vulcanes Merket place Chap. 10 Puteolis the Citie Puteolis Chapt. 11 An Hill arisinge out of the grounde Chap. 12. The Hill Pausilypus Chap. 13. The Citie of Naples Chap. 14 Gardeines Chap. 15. Welles and Streetes Chap. 16 The Merket place and Churches Chap. 17. Storehouses Castles and Armories Chap. 18. Antiquities the Vniuersitie and peculyar properties of the Citie and People of Naples Chap. 19. The Kinges Pittes or Pondes and the Hill Vesuuius called now Summi and of others Chap. 20. FINIS ¶ Names of the Aucthours and Bookes that are cited in this Woorke ANtonius de Rossis a Lawier Athenaeus Berosus Bible Blondus Brissionius a lawier Cato de Originibus Cicero Ciriacus Anconitanus Claudianus Clemens Alexandrinus Copernicus Dion Cassius Nicaeus Dionisius Halicarnasseus Erasmi adagia Euripides Festus Pomponius Fort. quaestiones Franciscus Senensis Furius Coriolanus Homerus Horatius Ius Canonicum Ius Ciuile Iuuenalis Landus Hortensius Leander Bononiensis Leges xii tabularum Leuinus Lemnius Liuius Ouidius Plato Plautus Plinius secundus Plinius nat hist scriptor Plutarchus Polibius Pomponius Laetus Propertius Senecae Seruius Sulpitius Silius Italicus Simon Portius Strabo Triumphus Neapolitanus Thucydides Varro de ling. Latina Vegetius Virgilius Vorthusius Vitruuius Volaterranus Xenophon ¶ At Bononie the firste Stone from the Citie in the villedge of Marke Antonie de L'auolta a Senatour standeth this Monument to bee séene Alia Loelia Crispis neither Man nor Woman nor Mungrell neither Maide nor younge Woman nor old Wife neither Chast nor a Harlot nor Honest But all Dyinge neither by Famine nor Sworde nor Poyson But by all Lying neither in the open Ayre nor in the Water nor in the Earth But euery where Lucius Agatho Priscius vnto her neyther Husband nor Louer nor Kinseman neither Sorowfull nor Glad nor Weeping this Monument beeyng neyther Heape nor Piller nor Sepulcher But all He knoweth and yet hee cannot tell for whom hee hath erected OF THE DEFInition of Trauaile with a proposition therto anexâ—◠¶ The first Chapter THis worde Peregrinus which signifieth a straunger or traueiler in the Latine tongue in sundrye ages hath had sundry significations For as Varro and Festus Pomponius doe report the auntient Romans called an enemie by the name of Peregrinus a stranger and an enemie whom they cal now at this present Hostis they tearmed theÌ„ Perduellis in which significatioÌ„ it was thus written in the lawes of the xij tables If you haue appoynted anye daie with a straunger you muste needes come But that worde grewe out of the signification of a straunger and continued so long in signifying one that was our aduersarie or tooke armes against vs vntill it fell to a more gentle vse the Romanes calling all such only by the name of Straungers as were not frée of the Citie of Rome as beeing perhaps Latines borne or altogither Aliens and in this signification it is vsed at this present So that this worde Peregrinari to traueile descendeth from the worde Peragrare to wander which signifieth to traueyle in straunge and forreine Cuntreyes to wander in places aswell vnknowne as knowne out of a mans own Cuntrey or Citie Which may well be perceiued by the testimonie of Plautus where he sayth I am a Straunger that is to saye borne in a forreine lande I knowe not Sauria c. And likewise it appeareth in Cicero which Citizens sayth hée are better then Straungers our owne Countreymen then aliens that is to saye then those that come hether to dwell from other places Herehence it commeth that wée call strange trées and straunge birdes which eysher were brought vnto vs from other places or else were neuer seene amongst vs béefore Likewise straunge seruing of God with vnaccustomed rites and maners which eyther wée haue borowed froÌ„ other places for religions â—ake or else are by vs lykewise celebrated executed not after our owne custome but after some rare and straunge order After this maner that wee now speake of the seruice and Sacrifice of the noble and great mother of the Gods who was called Cybala and Rhea and by many others names moe also of Ceres and Aesculapius might well bée called of the Romans straunge eyther for that they were far set namely out of Phrigia Greece and Epidaurus eyther for that looke howe they were vsed in those places euen so were they in Rome also Moreouer there is mencion made in the Ciuile lawe of a straunge Praetor and likewise in the Canon law of strange iudgementes In Iustinians Code this woorde Peregrinus a straunger is somtime takeÌ„ for one that is brought away to another place sometime for one that wandreâ—â— abroade hauing no certeyne place of abode wherein I haue noted this much bicause I woulde gladly omitte nothing that myght apperteyne to the signification of that woord wherof wée presently entreate All which matters béeing omitted this is an auncient question whether traueyling do a man more good or harme which seeyng that it lieth more in the power of Fortune then in our owne good will and industry it may séeme that it is but a vayne matter to mooue any such question â–ª But in very déede the truth of the thing standeth otherwyse For those that traueyl all doo not commit theÌ„selues to straunge and forreyne Cuntryes to the entent to consume there their time in idlenesse to bée subiect as a mocking stocke vnto Fortune but they haue sometimes iust causes that mooue them and some proposed ende in respecte wherof they take in hande theyr traueyll Wherefore wée must distinguishe this kind of traueyll which hath some certeyne ende proposed from that which is taken in hande onely for Idlenesse sake Howbeit this last kinde cannot iustly bée called by the name of Idlenesse since it hath some small delight yet not tending at all to any ende adioyning vnto it For true delight and pleasure is sought for in respect of some ende and whereas is no end there also can bée no pleasure for in all kinde of trauailing there is certen paine labour contained which repugneth against idlenesse tending vnto vertue not to vice insomuch that if wée doe vprightly weigh the thing we shal then finde that Traueill is nothing else but a paine taking to see and searche forreine landes not to bee taken in hande by all sorts of persons or vnaduisedly but such as are meete thereto eyther to the ende that they may attayne to suche artes and knowledge as they are desirous to learne or exercise or else to see learne and diligently to marke suche things in strange Countries as they shall haue neede to vse in the common trade of lyfe wherby they maye profite themselues their friendes and Countrey if neede require This definition who so marketh well hée shall easely make answere to the question erewhile propounded For hée shall not onelye discerne traueyll from sluggish Idlenesse whilest he placeth this worde Payne for the generall signification which the Logicians do cal Genus but also
kind of gaine is dishonest which repugneth with nature and vertue such as they do practize which giue themselus wholy to robbing and spoyling who being vnmindfull of the law of armes and of the Oth which souldiours take do not spare nor abstaine from their friendes goods That kind of gain also which is cōmonly hatefull among men as vsurers and others that heap vp wealth by right or wrong with such gredines and auarice that as the Poet saith they run to the furthest Indians and all to eschew pouertie leauing nothing vnassaied wherof they may raise to themselues some gain Which occasiō as I suppose moued Cicero to distinguishe filthye artes from other and to iudge nothing to bee profitable which was not also honest But principally wee must weigh and examine vnto what ende wée take our traueill vpon vs For since all thing is done for some ende it were taken in hand in vaine vnlesse it were also directed vnto some certen scope But as the Philosophers doe distinguishe of endes purposes some bée séemely and lawful other not séemely or wandring Moreouer of those that bée séemely one is tearmed principall and last of all to whō when wée haue attained then wée at rest and séeke for none farther another is lesse principall or meane which again is distinguished into subordinate and not subordinate but by any meanes hapning Let this varietie of endes therfore bee considered and one of them seuerallye examyned from another bycause this consideration bringeth great profite with it For not onely nature requireth vs so too doo but also profit and diligence which are to bée sought in all things that wée do For the principall ende is more profitable then the other and there is more labour required in attaining him then the residue So then it is a thing importing more profit and it requireth also more traueill to go into Italy to returne home againe passing well furnished with the knowledge of Phisicke or Lawe then it dothe to vnderstande how the Venetians gouerne their common wealth or what is done at Rome vppon their Saturnalia feast dayes Fridericus Furius Coeriolanus whom I vsed familiarly during my continuance at Louane telleth an excellent Historie in a certen Booke of his and bicause it teacheth the same which wee declare in this place I will not spare to recite it A certen gentleman of Naples requested of his kinsman which was a noble man and had the tuition of him that hée might haue licence to go sée forreine Cuntries vnto whom hys kinsman promised hée shoulde if first hée would traueill to Rome which was not farre of and there abide a certeyne time The younge gentleman obeying his commaundement went thither and afterwarde returned home still calling vpon his kinsman that he might goe a greater iourney But whē his kinsman perceyued that hée had taken no profite by that traueill said vnto him Sonne you haue séene Medowes Plaines Hilles Valleis Earables Woods Forests Fields Springs Riuers Trées Thickets Villages Castles Cities Beastes Bathes Galleries Colosseis Churches Pallaices Pillers Images Buildinges Downefalles Towers Amphitheatres Triumphall Arches Baines Stéeples Vniuersities Schooles Gardeins Conduites Goodmen and Knaues Ritche and Poore Learned and Ignoraunt and whatsoeuer may else be found within the compasse of the whole world abide therfore nowe henceforwarde at home and content your selfe Thus that most prudente Prince did briefly recite whatsoeuer might bée saide in such a matter and wittely set downe the right order and rule to traueill ouer the worlde wherby hée might reprooue the abuse of traueiling Notwithstanding a man maye by one labour attaine to diuerse endes As for example by traueiling into Italy he may get the knowledge of Phisicke or Lawe and vnderstand also the gouernment of the state of Venice Which when it happeneth in this wise certen also it is that the commoditie which insueth theron must néedes be the greater Wée must also take heede that the commoditie bee good and honest which wée receyue by our traueyll For these two poyntes are not in vayne knit togyther by wyse men and many tymes there is an ouersight éeuen in common wealthes vnder couler of profite and commoditie And the vertue of honestie is such that it preserueth the bewtie of profite So that they which seperate honestie from profite they alwayes obtayne not their true ende nor yet reape that commoditie which they ought to doe But for asmuche as in all humane affayres wée must consider to what ende and for what commoditie they are taken in hande then ought wée most especially too bée myndefull thereof in traueill For who so traueyleth in any other respecte hée spendeth his time in vayne consumeth his goodes to no purpose endamageth the health of his bodye and daungereth his life casting himselfe into a thousand perilles nothing profiting himselfe or others ¶ How a man ought to Traueill and of the effect and commoditie of Traueill The. 3. Chapter THe ende of our traueill being determined and hauing in our minde the hope of great profite which shall ensue to vs thereby a man must so prouide for euerie thynge that aboue all hée haue regarde to hys health whether it bée of bodye or soule For hée that doth not so but dependeth al vpō Fortune be shal make God his enemy hurt his conscience and expose himself to a thousand daungers For immediatly he hath opened as it were a window vnto infinite mischieues hath gotten a most large fielde to offend in But who so committeth hymselselfe vnto Gods kéepyng shall bée saued through his protection as saith the Psalmiste And although many éeuilles and daungers lye in his waye notwythstanding hée shall not bée mooued Hée shall also brydle hys affections since the cheifest meanes to auoyde sinne is to auoide the occasion of sinne wherein hée must employ great diligence and preuent many imminent daungers by hys wisedome So Tobias whē hée sent his sunne forth into Rages exhorted hym aboue all thinge to feare God as the chiefest guide of his iourney and all his affaires Poetes feygne that Aeneas was couered in a cloude by Venus and diuerse other men also by other Goddes thereby escapyng not onely the sight of men and also sundrye perilles that they might haue incurred thereby to declare that they bée safe from daungers that are couered with the might and power of god Which thing likewise the holy scripture testifieth in many places saying They wente foorthe and the Lorde was with them and againe the Lorde dothe know thy iourney and thy Lorde thy God hath remained with thee and thou hast wanted nothinge The nexte care is that hée haue regarde of hys body that is to saye to kéepe it sounde and in good health How this may hée doone preceptes of Phisitious do declare and as farre as I am able to say in the matter it consisteth in the due vse of the sixe things not naturall as they tearme them that is to witte the Aier Meate and
companion to Paule a Syrian borne in the Citie of Antioche and wrat his Gospell in Achaia and died in the same cuntry Likewise S. Marke the Euangelist was borne in the citie of Antioch sayled to Rome from whence traueillyng to Alexandria to teach the gospell there hée conuerted the inhabitantes of Aquileia now called Algar neare borderers vnto the faith of Christ and was enstauled their Byshop Touchinge the other two Euangelists the matter is euident enough to bée séene in the liues of the Apostles No les also the fathers that is to saye the interpretours of the holy Scripture were affectioned to traueill as well as other men which is also apparant by their liues as in the liues of Ierome and Augustine For Ierome being borne at Stridon a Citie in Pannonia learned straunge toongues at Rome and went afterward into Syria and from thence to Bethlaëm wher hée died in the 91. yeare of his age as some haue writen To conclude it is most certenlye knowne that all that euer were of any great aucthoritie knowlege learning or wisedom since the beginning of the world vnto this present haue geuen themselues to traueill and that there was neuer man that performed any great thinge or atchieued any notable exploit vnlesse hée had traueilled ¶ Of such matter as is commonly obiected against Traueilers with a confutation thereof The. 8. Chapter BUt there are some that much embase traueilling deterring men froÌ„ it many waies These holde opinion that the name of Traueillyng is not only infamous but also the thing it selfe which they proue out of certen places of Tully and of Vlpian the Lawyer For in the Thusculane Questions Tullie compareth banishment with Traueill and in an Epistle to Caelius hée embaseth Traueill terminge it reprochfull and filthy And Vlpain calleth it Deportation a tearme of the law being a punishmeÌ„t wherin a man both looseth his goodes is disfrauched his citie and is apointed certen limits within which hée shall dwell and abide After this maner the Poet Ouid was exiled vnto the citie of Tomos in Pontus léesing the benefit of the citie and all his goods being excheated Quer this they obiect that Traueillers are in hatred amonge good men reguarded none otherwise but as Rogues and Vacaboundes that can tarie in no place although indéede they haue verie iust cause to goe abroad And therfore they call them wandring Planets and Vacaboundes as if they were forced thereto for some punishment or were in such wise by God punished And that by the example of Cain whoÌ„ God cursed saying that he should be a Vacabounde vpon the earth béeinge also an accustomable maner of cursing among the ancient people in foretime as Odeipus did among the Tragidies writers Whervpon hath growne the Prouerbe Oedipus curse Laertius writeth that Diogenis the Ethnick was wont to say that he had met with some tragicall curse For hee saide he was without house without Citie depriued of his cuntrey hauinge no certentie of his lyfe Thirdly they crie out against traueilers as iniurious to their Parentes friendes wyues and children whylst they seperate theÌ„selues after a maner voluntarely from them Like as Propertius inueieth against one Posthumus that through an vnsatiable desire of warfare suffred himselfe to be caried away from the most pleasaunt companie of his wife whose curse is this If I may wishe would God yee greedie wretches all were dead Or who so else loues warres aboue his faithfull spouses bed And no lesse they wish vnto him commoÌ„ly who hath more delight to waÌ„der abrood and neuer bide in one place theÌ„ tariyng in their owne natiue cuntrey enioy the most acceptable companie conuersatioÌ„ of their friends kinsfolks whervpoÌ„ it was written by the Poet. Him I accuse and much accompt vnwise Abandoning his natiue Cuntrey soile Who so the same so lightly doth dispise And loues abrod in foreine land to toile Fourthly they complaine that Traueilers must indure infinite labours and troubles not only stand in daunger of their goods but often of their life also Which thing surely caÌ„not be denied as it is prooued by the examples of Vlisses and Aeneas Fifthly this saying is vsually obiected against them that is to say They which run ouersea chaunge the aire not their minde and reprochfully they allege those verses which are written against such who traueiling abroad to studie returne home againe neuer a whit better learned then when they went foorth Whoso to Paris to his booke doth send a foolish Asse Shall there be made no horse but bide as erst before he was By these such like prouerbes sayings they séeme to auouch thrée things First that the exchaunge of place doth not change the persons nature Secondly that vertues vices are borne with vs and not first grow in vs Thirdly that vertues cannot bée learned nor vices forgotteÌ„ Al which allegacioÌ„s of theirs are false as hereafter we meane to declare Sixtly the cite Lycurgus lawe out of Plato wherein hée forbad his Citizens the Lacedaemonians to traueill alledginge for a cause that then they shall not bring straunge orders and fashions into the Commonwealth which is a reason verie plausible and alledged also by Plato Seuenthly they bring foorth Claudianus verses against them O happie hee that spent his daies in natiue Soyles delight Whom one self house hath seene a child and eke an aged wight Who limping with his staffe wher once he playd the litle Mouse Can count the manie yeeres which hee hath past in one poore house And also the verses of Horace writen in the ij Ode with Ouid likewise wher he sayth Who least hath liu'd in light beleeue mee best his dayes hath spent And eche man ought to liue within his boundes and be content Al which testimonies iâ—inctly confirm that the happie lyfe consisteth in Idlenesse But Traueilers may not liue idly if they be carefull of their affaires and meane to looke well to their businesse wherby they cannot bée thought to leade the happy lyfe since they mete with so many mischeifes and dangers with sundrye casualities of Fortune that béefall in traueillinge Let vs therfore examine these argumentes and answer to these obiections being mindfull of the same definition which we haue set downe at the béeginning and of such matter as we haue declared in the former chapter touching the declaracioÌ„ of it And as touchinge the first two arguments For that which they call Deportation or exile is one thing and traueill an other and that by consent of all Gramarianes And although the antique Writers haue frequented one of these wordes for an other notwithstanding ech of them haue begon now to haue their proper and distinct signification which the custume of such as speake properly hath obtayned And therefore although Cicero do compare exile w traueill yet is exile one thing and traueill another Againe it is one thing perpetually to traueill of which kind of trauel Cicero speketh in the place alledged another thing to traueill for a time
suppose y this is to bée reckned among the principall commodities of this Citie that euery house almost hath a Well or twayne aboundantly flowing with most holsome water nether is there any other citie in all Italy as concerning store of water that may be compared with this The strets of the citie are narow except thrée only which as they are sufficient broade enough so are they of a merueilous length The higher Stréete of these is called La vicaria another Capuana the thirde lyeth right againste the Castle and stretcheth open alonge to the Merket place The Stréet Capuana leadeth towardes Capua whiche Citie is very famous renowmed for the Ciuile law especially in mater of contracte For the firste Prator or Maiour thereof was a straunger and in oulde time it muche flourished with trade of Merchandize Wherby returnes of paymentes vpon billes and exchaunges were woonte to bée discharged ether there or at Rome or at Bithynia a citie of Asia Vpon the Gate of this Stréete are manie Monuments to be séene whiche was made at what time Charles the fift Emperours of Rome and King of Naples first of aâ— creatures entred in at the same the like wherof also the Citizens of Andwarpe did imitate in a gate of theirs afterward Beefore the Gate 〈◊〉 the Images of Oceanus and Tethis and also in the â—tréete in conuenient places were errected the Statues of Hercules Athlas Perpetuitie Religion 〈…〉 other 〈◊〉 whiche â—re set 〈◊〉 in â—he Triumph of Naples ¶ The Merket place and Churches The 17. Chapter THe chiefest Merket place of the Citie is foursquare and verye broade and large but not paued in the midste wherof stande a paire of Gallowes and a scaffold set vp for the nonce to put trespassers to death vpon also a Chappell rightouer againste whiche is a Well with a very large Cesterne or Lauer. In the Merket place are many Innes but they bée of the meane and common sorte and the greatest want in Naples is of clenly and soote lodgings although that be an infinite number of Tauerns and vittling houses in it It hath not manie Churches but those whiche it hath are verye faier amongst which the Cathedrall Churche of Sainct Clare is passing bewtyfull and so is that also which is dedicated vnto Sainct Luio sauing that it is ouer dark Sainct Maries of the Preachinge Friers is a verie proper Churche for it standeth vpon one of the moste pleasant and loftyest places of the Citie and within it is almoste made al of Marble without any periettinge or plastering but it is sumwhat of the narowest Sainct Marie Churche Di Carbona is very mutch frequented for deuocion sake whiche is a House of Religion not farre from the Merket place by reason whereof it hath in it a number of vowed Tables and two Chappels all of Marble faste béeside the higher Altare Within the Altare is a Tumbe wherin reste the bodies of Robert Kinge of Naples and his Wyfe verye sumptuous insomutch that the report goeth that there is neuer a péece of woorke to be found in all Europe of greater maiestie then that is Howbeit if not faierer then this yet in my opinion match vnto it is that wherein lyeth the bodie of William Croius and his Wife in Belgicum or Dutchlande not farre from Louane at the Castle of Heffria Likewise the Tumbe of Mauritius of Saxonie one of the Dukes Electours at Friburge in Hermonduris and that also wherein his Wyfe lieth at Vimaria in Thuringe and moreouer the same which is builded at Heidelburge in the memorie of Duke Palatine Duke Electour Truly these 4. TuÌ„bes whiche I haue nowe named are the most principall of all that euer I sawe ether in Italye or Fraunce or Germanie or in England for as for Spayne I was neuer there But amongst al that are séene in any of these aboue named Regions made of Brasse or Copper in my iudgement the Tumbe of Kinge Henrie the seuenth King of Englande surpasseth the residew whiche standeth in the Abbey of Westminster nigh to the Citie of London with an inscription in Latine verses which may thus bée Englished Kinge Henrie the seuenth heere lieth in this place The glorie of all Kinges that liued at his age In wit and wealth and deedes of noble grace To whom befell the gifts of nature for vauntage A princelie countenaunce a fauour graue and sage A comly personage and bewtie heroicall And ech poinct of venustie ioyned therwithall Vnto him was coupled in wedlocks pleasant band An amiable Spouse in beautie right diuine Bashfull and verteous and like a frutefull land Plentifull of children sprong forth of princely line Right happie parentes their issue so doth shine To whoÌ„ o EnglaÌ„d these thaÌ„ks thou owest of right That euer Henrie the 8. was borne into thy sight All the whole Toumbe is gilten ouer and it shineth faire being round beset with precious Stones but of the meanest sorte it hath in it also many turned and carued pillers and very lyke vnto this are the mounmentes of the Kinges of Fraunce in Sainct Denise Churche ¶ Granetes and Stoare Houses Castles and Armaries The 18. Chapter MOreouer there are at Naples foure Storehouses and as the Grecians term them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 euery one foursquare benched rounde aboute mutch lyke the place at Andwarp whiche they call the Burse or at London the Roiall Exchange and at Venice la piazza del riuo alto In these Store houses at certen times of the yéere are generall assemblies and counselles holden And Merchauntes also méete dayly in them to bargein and deale in Merchandize There are thrée Castles whereof twayne stande faste by the Sea side to wit the new and the ould the thirde is situate vppon the high Hill that lyeth ouer the Towne And it is so stronge and so well fortified that hée that hast possession of that Castle may easely master the Citiâ— yea although it were surprised by the enemie A litle beneth this castle is a house of Carthusians wherof the Church is dedicated to Sainct Martine from whence there is a merueillous pleasaunt prospect both ouer the Citie and the sea But in the ould Castle which standeth by the way Capuana are very auntient buildinges and Imagerie to bée séene and there is also an Armarie wherein is kept the complete armour of Fraunces Kinge of France whiche hée woare vpon hym when hee was taken prisoner at the Citie Ticinum now termed Pauia in Lumbardie very faire made of pure stéel and without any furniture of Golde Foorth of the Castle you may goe into excéedinge large and goodly Gardeines and within the Castle is an hangynge Gardeine but the same besids a pleasant prospect hath nothinge else in it The newe Castle is builded at the entrance into the citie of Tiburtine stone fouresquare In the same place in ould time stoode a Religious House of preaching Friers whiche is now conuerted to another vse It is fortified on that side whiche lyeth to the Citie with a verie
THE TRAVEILER of Ierome Turler deuided into two Bookes The first conteining a notable discourse of the maner and order of traueiling ouersea or into straunge and forrein Countreys The second comprehending an excellent description of the most delicious Realme of Naples in Italy A woorke very pleasaunt for all persons to reade and right profitable and necessarie vnto all such as are minded to Traueyll ¶ Imprinted at London by William How for Abraham Veale 1575. To the Right honourable and renowmed Barons the Lord George Hugh and Vitus brethren of the auncient house of the Schonburges Lordes of Glaucha and Waldenburge Ierome Turler sendeth gréeting RYght honorable and renoumed Barons it is nobly written by Isocrates that children oughte too keepe their fathers Friends as diligētly as they woulde their owne inheritance And your father of worthy memorie loued my father deerely hee liued togither with your Grandfather many yeeres in the Courte of Duke George the noble Duke of Saxonie and he was borne in the dayes of your Greatgrandfather of Austine Turler his father who was then Consull of Lesnick which towne is vnder your inrisdiction at this day and whereof my Vncle is nowe at this present Consull one whom yee knowe ryghtwell Wherefore I haue often deuised with my self by what meanes I might likewise continue this frendship or rather testefie my dutie towards you your familie and if it could bee how to enlarge the same but hetherto I coulde finde no good opportunitie for that yee were of so smal yeeres that wanted rather instruction in discretion and good manners then to bee occupied in debating of graue matters and also yee had such instructers and schoolemaisters that if yee followed their documentes there should redownd great honour to your selues and great commoditie to your subiectes Albeit then it be so that ye haue no neede of myne admoniciō either to the studie of vertue godlinesse or towards the attaining of good artes learning yet the significatiō of a mans dutie is wont to be acceptable to good natures such especially such as are of Nobilitie and descended of the greatest parentage Thus staying my self vpō this groūd I sēd vnto ye this booke which I haue written in the behalf of such as are desierous to traueill and to see forreine Cuntries specially of students For since Experience is the greatest parte of humane wisedome and the same is increased by traueil I suppose there is no man will deney but that a mā may become the wiser by traueiling How beit if in any thing surely in this most diligent circumspection is very requisite by reason of the daungers that offer themselues vnto traueilers and the weakenesse of mans iudgment which vnlesse it be then confirmed by vse experience and holpen by the counsel of others it will soone be brought into errour Here is moreouer to be added that the youth and flourishing yeeres are moste commonly employd in traueill which of their owne course and condicion are inclined vnto vice and much more ernestly imbrace the same if it be entised thereto which manica time and often chaunceth in traueyling wherfore mee thinkes they do a good deede and well deserue of al mē that gyue preceptes of traueyling Which thing althoughe I perceyue that some haue doone yet haue they doone it heere and there in sundrie Bookes and not in any one certeine place And being a necessarie thing to haue all such matter in a readinesse as may well and profitably be said of one thing I haue therefore handled that argument according to the definitiue Methode as they speake in the schooles and haue comprehended also as I iudge in one Booke whatsoeuer is necessarie for any to know concerning the due taking in hand of traueill and the prosperous perfourming of the same I haue also adioyned vnto this discourse another booke wherin I haue applied those preceptes of mine vnto such things as seemed vnto me worthy the seing and obseruing in the Realme of Naples which beeinge none other thing then an example of such documentes as wee haue set down in the first Booke I haue therefore made the title vnto all the whole writing Of Traueill and of the Realme of Naples because no man shall thinke that I haue coupled contrary thinges togither For although in deede it bee one thing to intreate of the Realme of Naples and another thing to giue preceptes vnto such as meane to traueill yet since traueiling consisteth of viewing diligent consideratiō of things and preceptes are lightned by examples there is no iust impediment to the contrarie but that I maye ioyne these twaine togither And as I haue also admonished in the booke I trust that this my labour will bee the more acceptable vnto some for the same cause For if they shall want preceptes they shall finde them heere in a readinesse and if they do require an example agreeable to preceptes they haue heere suche a one beefore their eyes which may both instruct their mindes and also inflame them vnto the knowledge of most bewtifull sightes and Antiquitie Receiue in good parte Right honorable and renoumed Barons this simple gifte from mee and therin my dutie and seruice towardes ye and your familie Which if it shall please you to do I wil do min indeuor to omit nothing which I may thinke to tende vnto the commendation and ornament of your house and that my good will may be knowen vnto you hereafter by some traueill of more graue argument Fare yee well The Contentes of the Chapters contained in this present woorke In the firste Booke OF the Definition of Traueill with a proposition thereto annexed Chap. 1 What Persons are meete or vnmeete to traueil and also of the causes of traueill Chapter 2. Howe a man ought to Traueill and of the effect and commoditie of Traueill Chap. 3 Of the properties of the foure principall Nacions of Europe and how a man shall know whether he haue profited by traueill or not Chap. 4 What thinges are to be considered in traueillinge Chap. 5. How wee ought to make a choyce of suche thinges as wee see or learne in traueillinge and of the Traueillers Priuiledges Chap. 6 Examples of notable men that haue traueilled Chap. 7. Of such matter as is commonly obiected against traueillers with a confutacion thereof Chap 8 An answere to the principall Question with a notable commendacion of Traueill thereto anexed Chap. 9 ¶ In the second Booke THe Argument and Contentes of the seconde Booke with the intent and deuise of the same breefly expressed Chap. 1 Portus Baianus commonly called La Pescina mirabile a wounderfull Fishponde Chap. 2 Centum cellae commonly called Cento camerelle an hundred Chambers Chap. 3 Mons Canita the Hill Canita Chap. 4 Lacus Auerni the Lake Auernus Chap. 5. Ciceroes Academie Villedge and hoat Bathes Chap. 6 Cumae the citie Cuma Chap. 7 Baines Chap. 8. A Well or Fowntaine in the Sea and the way called Attellana Chap. 9
thinges faill and waxe woorth nothinge ¶ What thinges are to be considered in traueilinge The. 5. Chapter ALthough it may bée sufficiently conceiued by those thinges which wee haue set downe in the Chapters goyng béefore what it béehooueth him to obserue that meaneth to Traueyll with profite notwithstanding I purpose to prosecute euerie thing more exactlye imitating the example of Moyses who most diligentlye discerned the differences béetwéene Mountaynes Hilles Landes Peoples Townes fieldes and Forestes adding moreouer what is to bée considered in them all For thus hee sayde to them whom hee sent to viewe the lande of Chanaan When yée shall come vnto the Hilles consider the lande what maner one it is and consyder the people that dwell therein whether they bée stronge or weake manye or fewe the Lande good or bad what Cyties there bee Walled or not Walled the soyle fertile or barreine wooddie or champion So that there bee fiue principall poyntes too bee considered in euerie Cuntrey the Name Figure Bignesse Iurisdiction and situation To the Name belongeth howe it was called of olde and howe at this present for oftentimes the names of Regions ar changed according to varietie of time and inhabitauntes So Italy was first called Ianicula of Ianus or of Noa who was called Oenotrius wherof the same was also called Oenotria after that it was named Camesena Saturnia Appennina Taurina Vitullia Hesperia also and Ausonia vntil at length it was tearmed by the name of Italia Italie whych remayneth to this presente the occasions of all which names are partlye noted by Cato and Berosus and partly by suche as haue written the Historie and described the antiquityes of the same Cuntrey as Polybius Halicarnasseus and others By the Figure I meane the fourme and fashion of the Cuntry So Sicile is sayde to bée of a three square fourme and Critias in Plato reporteth of a certeyne Egiptian Priest of whom Solon demaunded certeine questions concernyng antiquitie to whom hée answered that Countrey to bée of a thrée square fourme out of whose toppe the Streames of Nilus are deuided c. There is also another distinction of Cuntries and places For euery lande is eyther an Ilande as Sicile or Peninsula that is to say almost an Ilande called also Chersonesus as Taurica Chersonesus now called the lesse Tartaria or Isthmus that is to say a narow land béetwéene two Seas as Isthmus Corinthiacus Corinthe in Greece or else a mayne and continent lande â—s Saxonie Misnia Thuring as Cosmographers teache By Bignesse I vnderstande the capacitie and widenesse which is discerned in length and bredth of a Cuntrey likewise in the compasse boundes and buttes wherwith it is enuironed in respect of the Coastes of the world and Peoples Riuers or Hilles wherevpon it bordereth By Iurisdiction vnderstande the rule and maner of gouernment which is in that Lande which being diuerse amoÌ„g diuerse peoples and belonging rather to euery priuate prouince or peculiar citie then vnto whole regions I meane to entreate of the differences of them hereafter in this Chapter The situation of a Countrey is eyther hillie or plaine and the same againe either coasting or inlande Which diuersitie tooke beginning euen from verie nature and bringeth with it sundry great commodities For as the same Priest in Plato teacheth they that dwell vppon the toppes of the hilles are safe from fluddes and drowning and there is also an auncient contention béetwéene the Aegyptians and Scythians concerning antiquitie for that the Scythians saye they were first made who dwelling in the higher places are best able to abide the Colde and stande not in feare that the Sunne set them on fiere nor dreade the breakyng in of the Sea vppon them béeing neuer able to rise vp vnto them to theyr anoyance In the former Bookes De Republica a certen Athenian asked a man of Crete who had saide that the greater parte of the Cretens had determyned to make a Colonie abroade and had commited the charge thereof to the Gnosij whether that Colonie shoulde lye vpon the Sea side or not c. There bée also other diuersyties béetwéene Regions or soyle and earth all whyche Leuinus Lemnius the Dutchman hath lately vttred in his woorke which he hath set foorth of the secret miracles of nature And those thynges whiche wée haue hetherto admonished in this Chapter to bée obserued by Traueilers hath Franciscus Patritius Senensis also noted in his woorke of the Institution of a Kinge and a Kingdome But wée must vnderstand that it is not sufficient to haue marked the differences of the letters and woordes vnlesse wée note also the ground or soile Hilles Riuers Lakes Ponds woods the cities also in them For some ground is barrein some fruitful which Moses willed his Surueiers to marke which also the Athenian in Plato teacheth So likewise some hilles brynge foorthe trees and some doe not some ryuers abounde with fishe some not And most sure it is that the Genoans are muche destitute of these two thinges The like also is to bée iudged of wooddes Lakes and standyng Pondes who for the diuersitie of trées and fyshes that are in them are accustomably praysed or dispraysed of Rhetricians The viewing of Cityes requyreth muche more diligence for in them there are both publique and prinate woorkes to bée séene Publique woorkes bée eyther holye or profane The holye woorkes are Cathedrall Churches Minsters Abbeis and other Churches wherof althoughe there bée some founde verye fayre manye tymes out of Cities yet are they more commonlye in Cyties then in Villagies The profane workes are pallaices Market places fieldes Theaters Courtes Schooles Hospitals Spittles for sick diseased persons Castles Armaries bulwarkes turrets all kinde of municion Priuate woorkes I call such notable thinges as are séene in the houses of priuate men and citizens as Pictures Gardaines Fountaynes or whatsoeuer else is worth the seing whervnto also maye Potecaties Shoppes bée anexed since for the most part they are priuate mens goods as lybraries are the common wealthes Howbeit it maye bee that they may bothe béelong to the Princes reuenue as bathes doe wyth many other things moe And like as when we enter into consideration of any Cuntrey aboue althing it behooueth vs to know the name thereof the cause of the name if it bée possible to knowe it so muste wée doe also in the viewe of any Citie So at Ianua in a certen Citizens house these verses following are written vpon the name and founder of that Citie I Ianus of religion of peace and God of right Am he of old that built this citie braue that standes in sight These three shall keepe the towne and nephues keepe these three in hand Beleeue mee where these three shal be exild no towne can stand And immediatly after Phetiton nephue to Ianus father to Ligurius who brought the EgiptiaÌ„ Colonies froÌ„ Attica to the citie of Ianua in the yeare after the fludde 450. Thus when wee haue vnderstoode
wherof we intreate in this place and therfore it is no merueill if Cicero terme the first filthie and much embaseth it For he that traueyleth perpetually and neuer returneth into his cuntrey from which hée hath been long absent or séeketh not some other place where to abide there to enioy the commodities which he hath gathered by his long traueill nothing differeth from a banished mā And in that he sheweth himself iniurious to his Cuntrey and kinsfolkes whō he might helpe with his counsell and aduise or otherwise he is worthely accoumpted an infamous person So Vlpian likewise speaketh of perpetuall traueil which is resēbled to death For hée that is punished with Deportation looseth the benefite of the Citie and his fréedome as is accoumpted a dead person And truly the word Traueiler or Straunger signified by the Latine Peregrinus in many places in the law is taken in the better part and vsed in the proper signification as I haue béefore declared where I spake of traueillers Priuiledges highly commending that traueiling of Cicero Plato and Pythagoras And by this distinction also wée may shape an answer to the third argument For like as we speake not of perpetual traueiling so doe we not excuse them that traueill for intent to bée frée from such burdens charges as they shoulde beare at home or that they might loose the reines vnto al licentiousnes which they might not be suffred to doe at home or else by right or wrong by false merchādize or other sinister meanes purloyne mony frō the strange nations béeyng ignorant of their deceitful dealing And like as the lawes haue prouided y there shall none such bée suffred in any place yea if there bée any that selleth vnlawfull Wares for lawfull is not put to his fine nor amersed but ether is banished or put to death so they that doo altogether mislyke of traueill agrée with vs in this poynct that wée wish such dissemblers and vacabundes shuld not only not be suffred in eny place but also vtterly bée rooted out and expelled from euery place Vnto the third argument it may bée answered out of the second and third chapters For there wée haue put a distinction béetwéene those that are méete to traueill those that ar not méete Likewise béetwéene them that traueill with frute and such as take that labour vpon them for pleasure only if so it bée that labour may bee called a pleasure But perhaps some man wil demaund whether such as be maried bée méete to traueill For ouer that that wéemen are forbidden as it were of honestie and womanhoode not to take long or often iourneis in hand it is the lawe of matrimonie that those whiche bee coupled therin shall dwell euermore together and the one to bée a comforte vnto the other Howbéeit this matter as apperteyning to the wéemē dependeth vpō the custome of the Cuntrey as I haue touched before in respect whereof Matrimonie is not hindred Yea what if a man take such a viage in hand whiche would be profitable to thē both y wife and all the houshold affaires such as are the iourneis of Merchants other that traueil for vertue sake Moreouer ther may be mutuall frindship and affection shewed euē in traueiling one minde and one soule remaine in two bodies although the two bodies be distant far a sunder And the Ciuile lawes also permitte men to traueill after they haue contracted mariage if they haue a lawfull cause wherefore it suffreth them lykewise that are maryed since agréeing together not lying together maketh the Maryage And so farre of are traueylers from hurting their parents and friendes that if they had stayde at home oftentimes they helpe them but little but hauing traueyled doe aduantage them very much Fourthly that which they alledge cannot bée denied as I haue shewed But there hence it followeth not that traueill is to be neglected since there be other meanes also wherby a man may come to casualtie and losse of goods or bée in daunger of his lyfe And payne which is annexed vnto traueill is lykewise common vnto all other affayres that are of any accoumpt and whereof wée séeke praise and renoume that I may speake nothing of the commoditie that ensueth theron To thinke on this may pleasure bée perhaps another day As Aeneas sayde in Virgill and manie moe such morall sentences Vlisses reciteth in Homere for that the remembrance of paines past is woont to be pleasant vnto vs Wherfore how much the more praise cōmoditie or honour groweth to a mā by his traueill so much y more is the same pleasant and acceptable and that which is attained without sweate labour or daunger is not so much estéemed of vs as y which wée obtaine with great labour and daunger wherevppon sprange the prouerb among the Gréekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say Euery notable thing is hard and painfull to be attained The fifth argument is plausible bearing experience with it for witnesse For we sée manie returne home no lesse giuen to vice then they were before they traueiled in so muche as it is growen into a prouerbe among Dutch folk No mā was euer the better after a long sicknes or a long traueill And although it fall out so yet is not traueill in the fault but the men themselues For béesides that mans nature is corrupt through that offence of our first grādfather Adam some ar so prone vnto al kind of vice as though thei were borne to exercise thē notwithstanding euil bringing vp and conuersacion with euil men augmenteth this naughty dispositiō in them of mē maketh thē beasts Hereunto also come the snares and temptacions of the Diuel enemy vnto al vertue euil nurture of the minde negligence of deuocion godlynesse which ought aboue althing to bée frequented Wherefore it is no merueill at all if such men continue alwaies like themselues nothing amending their manners for they neuer setled thēselues therto But if they would diligently obserue those thinges which we haue noted before in the third Chapter they shuld become the better haue a more ernest care to furnish and decke their minde This discommoditie also ensueth that returning frō strang lands they ioyne thēselues to the same or like companions as they were delighted with all before or else forgetting al daūgers giue thēselues ouer vnto all leudnesse and sensualitie For so then Kinde once corrupt to wonted maners vile doth run and raunge Though much misliked and deepely fixt in fleshe will neuer chaunge As saith the Satyrical Poet. Otherwise their saying is false the affirme how the chāging of the place changeth not a mās nature Since experience vppon which they reason teacheth the contrarie and therfore many are sēt into forrein cuntrys that by their conuersation training there they myght confirme their manners neglecting vices and learne to apply themselues to other mens maners which no man will deny but that they may do For if fields by diligēt
husbanding maye bee amended what impedimeÌ„t is there but a rude person prone to vice may bee made better by dayly coÌ„uersation with good men For Wrath may be aswaged by persuasioÌ„ saith Plutarch so great is the force of company and dayly conuersation And like as hearbes fruites planted in one grouÌ„d if they be remooued into another or that is of some other qualitie they grow out of kind in so much that they léese either their colour or taste and naturall qualitie by reason of the nature of the soile influence of the heauens and goodnesse of the aire and that diuerse maner of nourishment so hapneth also that like in men according to that conditioÌ„ of nourishment and the aire that compasseth them changing them into another constitutioÌ„ and temperature of body enclining them to ensue other maners and studies By this means a Dane is transformed into a Spaniard a Germane into a frenchman or Italian namely by dayly conuersation vse of life custome Wherfore we must diligently take héede that we imitate the vertues and not the vices of other of which point I haue admonished before For this which thei affirm that vertues cannot bée learned nor vices forgotten is false for there is lefte vnto man a free will in suche externall matters and there are séene euerie day examples of vertues and vices which a man if hée liste may no lesse imitate then he maye the woorke of some cunning woorkman so that he haue some natural inclination to that art and knowe the principles of it as of Painting or grauing Nether is that absolutely true which they thinke to bée that vertues and vices are borne wyth vs not grow in vs but of vertues some be naturall some moral And these last may be learned which the lawes do declare which punish not offenders for faultes that are already doone and past being a thing impossible y that which is doone shoulde bée vndoone againe but they haue respecte to the time to come and that he that hath once offended offende no more nor giue others occasion to offend by his exaÌ„ple And truly men wer very vnfortunate and in euil case if hauing found a meanes whereby to tame wild beasts so to instruct the sauadge disposition of Beares Lions Wolfes and to teache the little birdes to flie at their pleasure to returne home from the woods and from their natural libertie to come into theyr prison and bondage to hoppe into the cage of theyr owne accorde they coulde not lykewyse deuyse some art whereby to better themselues and through labor and diligence to furnishe and adorne their owne mindes Concerning that which they alledge out of Plato of Lycurgus lawes it maye bée aunswered by a rule of the lawiers which saith that the abuse of a thing ought not to take away the vse of the same And Plato teacheth in that place that diligent héede must be taken in a common wealth that there bée no euill tatches nor vices brought into it he disputeth not whether a man ought to traueill or not For what if a man profite the common wealth by hys traueyling as Timaeus dyd in Plato and Plato hymselfe with other innumerable of whom I haue made mention before Moreouer who so peruseth the histories of Thucydides and xenophon shall perceaue that the Lacedemonians were verie ciuile men of béehauiour better liking of simple then subtile vertue for the more parte borowing all their lawes of the Cretens by meanes of Lycurgus The Athenians were very famous for varietie of doctrine and learning by meanes wherof were verie more diligent in searche of such thinges as were apperteining to the weale publiques commoditie and not leauing them vpon any abuse And moste sure it is that aswell the Lacedemonians as Athenians borrowed their lawes of the Egiptians For Lycurgus had bene in Aegipt and the Egiptians tooke their lawes of the Hebrues if wée credit Eusebius and it is well knowne that they receaued their laws from God himselfe And God lykewise hath bin cause vnto manie that they should take far iournies in hand which wée haue declared in the chapter goynge next béefore and Poets feigne that Aâ—neas was mooued to traueill by Mercurie Vlisses by Somnus and other noble and valyent men by other Gods also And Plato also doth the lyke For in his booke De vniuersitate translated as I suppose by Tully vnder the person of of the Egiptian Prieste hee sharply reproouethe the Greekes for neglectinge antiquitie and for lingringe idlely at home and calleth them Children castinge them in the téeth with their ignoraunce For to bée ignoraunt of such thinges as are done béefore our tyme whereof there are markes and tokens to this day remayning what is it other as the same Cicero saith then alwaies to be a childe Last of all the assertions whiche are alledged out of the Poetes of the happie lyfe ought to bée no impediment or hindrance to traueillers or what soeuer lyke thinge there is that may deterre a man from traueillynge if hée bée otherwise disposed thereto of himselfe For Ouid had iuste cause to complayne of Fortune which hée abused so that hée was against his wyll constrayned to go into banishment among the Getes and not to traueill And as for Claudianus hée spake in the person of another as it appeareth by the tytle of that Epigramme which was an ould man and wealthy and as the frugalytie of the auncient time required content with his owne estate mistykyng superfluitie and varietie in all thinges Moreouer both of them in those their verses commende the rurall and Cuntrey lyfe preferringe it before all affaires dealings in the citie and cases of iudgment and businesse in manie matters Howbeit it appeareth also by their writinges that the same men doe not condemne traueill and experience gotten that way but in sundrie places deteste sluggish idlenesse especiallye beinge euident that they themselues haue traueilled For Horace beynge an Apulian by birth studied Philosophye at Athens and Claudianus lyued vnder the Emperour Theodosius beinge borne in Alexandria a Citie in Egipt And if wée should graunt that they had an éeuell opinion of traueillinge which indéede is otherwise truely they had erred in this respect since most euident it is that ther was yet neuer any maÌ„ that atchiued any singular and notable thing vnlesse hee had traueilled as wee haue prooued by example of sundrye in the former Chapter For great and notable déedes are not perfourmed but through wisdome and skyll of thinges and men whiche beinge not shut vp in some one corner of the Worlde but dispersed ouer the whole earth it is no marueill if to the attaynmente thereof it bée necessarye to traueill into sundrye Landes and ouer manie parts of the Worlde The laste Argument and quite béeside the matter is alleâ—dged by some man of his owne experience or opinion againste Traueile For such prâ—fâ—â— are seldome commended and manie tymes it engendreth Paraâ—â—res and straunge positions from whence spring
breath whiche a man may soone perceaue by puttinge in his hand It tooke the name hereof in that such as come thither for trials sake are woont to thrust in some Dog whom when they drawe foorth immediatelye for dead presently they cast some of the water of the lake there by vpon hym and so restore him to his former courage and lyfe agayne We besids a dog threw in many very great frogs which because they leaped not foorth presently agayne were killed with that pestilent breath Plinie saith that the territorie of Suessum and Puteoli are certen Caues and hollow places vnder ground which they call Spiracula breathing places others terme them Cheroneae pits exhalynge foorth a mortall and deadly spirite whereof this may be one Forum Vulcani Vulcanes Market place The. 10. Chapter NOt farre from this place is séene a great plain of figure rounde al yelowe with Brimstone hauinge also a peculier lake belonging vnto it which is not great And for as much as the substance of that ground consisteth of mere Sulfur or BrimstoÌ„ which being set on fire boyleth vp therefore Strabo calleth that place Vulcanes Court others haue tearmed it the féeld of Phlegrus as doth Virgill Neere to the lake are seene a fewe litle Cottages made of boughes and néere to them are Killes wherein they boyle Brimston From these whoso walketh alonge by the small guttes for they deserue scarce to bée called by the name of Lakes hée shall perceiue that they send foorth a very thick smoke and that the water boileth very hoat The report goeth and it is lyke enough to be true that if a man cast any lyuing thing into them and after a litle while pluck it foorth agayne hée shall finde nothinge left but bare bones the lyke they report also of egges I wot not what Aboute these small guttes whereof wee nowe speake are founde litle wodden crosses innuerable which some bold and ventrous fellowes haue stucke into the brinks as it were for certen bowndes and tokens after the maner of Hercules pillers for as much as the passedge vnto them is very daungerous For whiche way soeuer you goe you may perceiue by the sownd that the ground is hollow vnderneth out of whiche somtimes sodenly breake vp flames of Brimstone and pay home these venterous fellowes with deserued punishment for their follie For why the vppermost part of the ground is light and drie neither may a man walk ouer eueri part of it I know it well that Plinie the writer of the natural historie is suspected of many to haue intermedled lies with trueth after the maner of the Grecians Howbeit wee our selues haue séene these things also and therfore credit him the rather when hée writeth of these things or of such other lyke For it is most true which hée saith very woorthely in some place that nature which is diffused throughout all earthlye thinges breaketh foorth often shewinge it selfe diuerslye as it were some God or celestiall power Puteoli the Citie of Pozolo The 11. Chapter WHen from this large and lowe plaine we returne vnto the Hill you shall see at the foote thereof a moste plesant place at the shoare of the PuteolaÌ„ sea It is thought that the name Puteolis was deriued of this woorde Puteus which signifieth a Well or sole because in oulde time there was woonte to bee great store in that place if yée lyste therein to followe the deriuacion of the Latine or of the Italyan wherin the Italians cal a pit or Sole by the name of Poreo or else that it is so called of the horible sauour and stench whiche breatheth out of the nigh Mines to wyt of Brimstone and Alume The auncient writers doe call this Towne Dicaearchium And although there bee many that cannot agrée aboute the situation thereof supposinge that it stood sometime in the place where those ruines and downefalles are séene namely at the Hilles Foote or somewhat farther of notwithstandinge the description whiche is set downe by the ould writers declareth that to be false more credible it is that it stood vpon the litle Hill in whiche place at this tyme there stande certen principall Buildinges how bee it it maye bée also that all those other ruines might be part therof as the Suburbes or some other place adioyninge to the Suburbes In the Towne it selfe is nothinge almoste woorthe the sight béesides the Churche which is very auncient and buylded after such maner and fashion that a man may easely perceaue that it was sometime an Heathenish or Ethnick Temple Moreouer there are ingrauen vpon it the names of the workemen that builded it and his name also in honour of whom it was buylded There are also to bée séene the bones of a mans bodyes of monstrous bygnesse vppon which Pomponius Laetus a most diligent searcher out of Antiquities wrote this inscription Who so thou art that heere amazd dost stand To see the hugie bones of Giantes fell Come vnderstand why in Hetrurie lande They do abide This doth the storie tell When in this place Alcides once did dwell And from th'Iberi conquerour came away His beasts he draue along these fields they say Then from this hill that Dicarchëum hight With bended Bow weightie Club in hand These Typhons tall Giants maine of might He draue away quite expulst the laÌ„d This wicked broode could not the God withstaÌ„d But part anon to Hydrus forth them sped And part for succour to the Tuskans fled Howbeit yet this cause of wofull dread That might vnto ech place by them ensue Was sone extinct wheÌ„ all these sends wer dead Whose blood the ground in ech place did imbrue Posteritie to shew that this was true Their bodies keepe of mighty â—im bones To shew the world such meÌ„ there liued ones The inhabitantes of this towne are all for the more parte Fishermen and they rayse a great gayne yéerely of sutche as traueyll thither of purpose to see these Antiquities For they employ theyr traueyll and diligence in giuyng theyr attâ—â—dance vpon them and in shewynge them the Antiquities all alonge that Seacaoste Without the Towne are certeine Monasteries and houses of Religion and manye sumptuous Pallaices béelongyng vnto noble men There are also séene the Monumentes and Fowndacions of verye auncient Romane buildyngs béeynge a thynge moste certeyne that the Senatours and Noblemen of Rome had all theyr delyght and places of pleasure there and in the borders there to neare adioyning wherof I haue hetherto intreated whych maye bée gathered as well oute of Tullies Epystles as out of Polybius Dionysius Halicarnassaeus and Liuie In the Garden of the Fréears Franciscanes there is a lymite or bounde â–ª woorthie to bee viewed and harde by the Towne are certeyne Vaultes and Chambers standynge togyther whiche men thinke were sometyme Bathes In goyng vp to the Monasterie you shall see three verye beawtyfull Pyllers and in goyng downe from it you shall see a passynge large and wyde Amphiteater buylded wyde in the myddle
was informed cam to passe vpoÌ„ this occasion bycause the staires wherby folkes vsed to goe vp to the hill neare by are at this present brokeÌ„ away beneath which in foretime were wont to bée coÌ„modious vnto manye Matrones and auncient Dames in this respect that by meanes of them they might step aside into the thickets and bushes which growe vpon the hill where vnder colour of religion thei worshipped Venus rather then the Virgin Marie Néere vnto the first Chappell or Church wherof wée now speake is séene the graue of Virgill Maro but some say that it lyeth in the Gardein of the Monasterie vppon the hill hauing this superscription Mee Mantua bred Calabres tooke Parthenop now doth hold Of pastures I haue sung of fieldes likewise of captaines bold Howbeit it is credible enough the Virgill was buried there in a certen Chappell which is yet remaining but the verses are so defaced y here and there a maÌ„ can scarce discerne one whole letter ther is no MonumeÌ„t to be séen wherby a man may vnderstand the truth The Munks y are there say that there was an I mage of Brasse vpon the Tumbe which the citizens of Mantua tooke away by stealth and diligeÌ„tly kéepe it to this present day Which thyng whether it be true or no I knowe not But I my selfe among many things mo saw in the same Citie a very auntient statu or Image vnder which the aboue write verses were ingraueÌ„ but whether the same were brought froÌ„ any other place thyther or not y could we not vnderstand Likewise some doe write that the Poet Ennius had a picture or Image laid vpoÌ„ his tumbe by the Scipioes And not far froÌ„ this place wher is said to be Maroes graue lieth also the Tumbe of Iacobus Sannazarius whose learned works are abroade in the world vpon which these verses following are ingrauen made as it is iudged by Bembus Cast flowers on this sacred dust as next to Maroes schrine So next this Poet comes in golden gift and veine diuine ¶ The Citie of Naples The. 14. Chapter ANd now when we haue passed froÌ„ the hill Pausilypus the noble citie of Naples aduaunceth it selfe to sight that kynges Sea the Metropolitane citie of all that Realme The same was first named Parthenope when the Citizens of Cumae builded it after the accidents which befell there wherof we haue discoursed more at large in conuenient place béefore Of the beginning and foundatioÌ„ of this Citie Silius the Poet hath thus written One of the Sirenes first did giue to thee thy noble name And to thy walles that Acheloia hight of worthy fame O Naples braue whose dulcet songes woont on the seas to ring And long ere that her hearers to their fatall end to bring While on the waues shee sate and charmd her tunes of woful lay And to the haples Seamen sange their greeuous great decay ¶ Gardeines The. 15. Chapter FRom the hill towards the Citie are fermes cuntrey houses belonging vnto Noble men whose Gardeins are surpassing and most excellent First and foremost they abound with plentie of water deuised to runne by sutche workmanship industrie and cunning that in many places you shall sée water run out of a tree and to fall down into certeyne vesselles of Marble In which vesselles you may perceaue by cuÌ„ning wrought how Neptune swimmeth vpon the water beating the water wyth his thréeforked scepter as it were the waues of the Sea. In another place you shall sée the Naiades and Nymphes of the Sea or Aeolus Kinge of the wyndes There maye you also béeholde the Faunes and Satyres made of certein shelles that are gathered in the Sea framed so feately that they séeme rather to be grauen or painted then to bée set together of litle small péeces they do so liuely resemble a naturall and lyuing colour There bee moreouer Labirinthes throughe which there runneth water w sundrie crokes windings turning sometime this way somtime that There be also Springes and Welles in these Gardeines fashioned like caues hellow vnder the grounde builded with stones y are eaten and fretten by salâ—nesse of the Sea water so that the water droppeth through them which is very pleasant to behold For the stones resemble the colour of 〈◊〉 or Yee then are thei also 〈◊〉 with other fine carued and Checkered péeces set in as Corrall Moother of Pearle and certeyne Herbes whose séedes béeyng prycked in and nourished by the moysture doe spryng and burgein vp in the midst of the stones The water also runneth out of the Welles into the Gardeines by certen pypes and gutters in that pauement whiche pauement for the moste part is made of Marble or else of faire pauynge tiles and neuer hurteth the pauement These pypes and gutters are large and wide seruyng as well to kéepe fishe in as to â—â—le their drink béeynge set into them Neare vnto these welles or fountaine briâ—â—â—es stand Cagies of Birds into which out of the pypes there leapeth water verie arteficially and the birdes receaue it verye commodiouslye In the Cagies are merueilous faire and goodly singing birdes brought out of straunge Countreyes Nexte vnto these wée passe into very pleasant and delectable walks wherin these ar Arbours ships Houses Centaures with many other likenesses of sundrye straunge beastes lyuing creatures And when ye go out of these there be diuers sorts of herbs set many times after the maner of Labrinth or Maze with thickets of Bay-trées of Cipres trées and of Vines And many times there are séene Labirinthes and Mazes of Box trée Iuiâ— and Mirtles moreouer there grow in these Gardens Palme trées the fruite wherof are Dates with other straung and rare Trées And to be short for I wyll now speake nothinge of Images and Monuments there is such plentie of most delicate and choice fruites such swéet smelles and such pleasure that it is not possible ther shuld be any greater or more delectable in the Gardens of Hesperides that are termed the Gardeins of all delight Thus from the Monasterie of Munks whereof I spake a litle before vnto the Citie all the way alonge are nothinge els but Noble mens Fermes and gardeiues The Citie 〈◊〉 in a reache or crooke of the Sea called Mare Tyrrhenum beinge builded in thrée square fourme whereof two corners looke towardes the Sea and the thirde towardes the Hilles whiche are not verye farre of from it It standeth vpon a ground or foundacion not equall or leuell but as it were forked and risinge vp on both sides The Merchantes and common multitude for the moste part inhabite the lower parte of the Citie and the Noble men the higher Wherefore there are séene moste sumptious and bewtifull Pallaces amonge whiche as chiefe is the Pallace of Vrsine prince of Salerne of the Prince of Sulmo and Thomas Cambius adorned set forth with many pictures and Statues 〈◊〉 Lionesse standinge ouer the gate with this inscription To Iubiter xenius ¶ Welles and Streetes The 16. Chapter MOreouer I
lyke a Lauer or Cesterne into which you may let in the water at your pleasure and that great Courte is round aboute compassed with a beautifull and verie gorgeous gallerie But in the last siege of the Citie of Naples that Frenchmen spoyled not onely this Gallerie but welnighe all the whole Pallaice While this washing place was whole I suppose there was none more magnificall or pleasaunter in al Italy Ouer against this Pallaice standeth another Princely buildynge or Pallaice and a place also from whence Water is conueid in pypes vnto the citie From theÌ„ce wée passe into Gardeins in which there is another gallerie before whom lieth a large and wide plot but waste and forlorne alouergrowne w réedes bushes and briars From hence againe wée goe into other gardeines at length wée come vnto a fountaine or conduite head passing faire and cleare and full of holsome swéete water Hard by this conduite head stoode certen Cagies and Couppes wherein were kepte sundry kindes of beasts and liuing things but they were also broken by the Frenchmen TheÌ„ from this place we may returne again to the first through offices and places apperteining to the houshold where are many spoutes and Welles and many pleasant murmurings caused by falling and flowing of the water likewise groues and the pleasant fight of varitie of fruites From this place wée maye goo too sée the remainder and monumentes of the citie Palaeopolis whereof Liuius maketh mencion There is also another place not far from Naples of nolesse delight then anye of the aboue recited at the fourthe stone from the Citie at the foote of the hill Vesuuius or Summi in which hill Plinius the writer of the naturall historie and Lieutenant ouer the fléete to Augustus perished among the ashes which Plinius the second testifieth in an Epistle and the same hil not long before had burned lyke the hill of Aetna in Sicil. At the foote of this Hill ther groweth Greekish wine or Sack which some call Vinum Pompeianum or Pompeius wine which is very good and perfecte and much commended of by the writings of sundry men The Pallace whiche standeth there taketh name of the village which is néere vnto it and is called Pietra biancha wee may call it in Englishe White stone or whiterocke builded all within of white Marble and bewtified in the lodgings with checkred work of point deuise In this Pallace is made the Image of a Nymphe sléeping and leaning vppon a water vessell out of which there runneth abundance of pure cristall water which afterward passeth along in troughes or gutters of Marble stone hurteth no part of the pauement the same gutters seruing also to kéepe fishe in like as it were little fishpondes Surely I am of opinion that aswell the auncient Romanes as Greekes tearmed in oulde time sutche buildinges Nymphaea howbéeit this is but newe and builded by one that was a counceller vnto the Emperour Charles the fifte about the yéere of our Lorde as some say 1530. It hath on the one side the sea harde by rounde aboute on the othersides a goodly plaine and open cuntrey the plentifulnesse wherof is wounderfull both of Corne Oile Wine and all maner other good fruites This which I will speake is hard to bée credited yet it is true that there bée some Vines found there the grapes whereof beyng pressed doo yéelde x. or xij measures of wine euerie measure contayning iiij gallons and a halfe or rather more of oure Measures And thys thynge also may séeme straunge which one hath reported in writing for a trueth that when the Northeast wind bloweth there are brought into the Cuntrey of Naples out of Africa sutche abundance of Quailes that they fall by heapes vppon houses that bée néere to the Sea side that men may easely take them in their hands Yea while they be in their course of flying and bée wéeryed either wyth contrarie wyndes or tempeste or lengthe of the iourney they lyght many times vpoÌ„ some shippe or gally And laste of all to conclude suche is the deliciousnes of the Realme of Naples suche the magnificencie of the buildings sutche the holsomenesse of the welles and water sutche plentie of all thinges whiche nature bryngeth foorthe into the worlde myraculous and straunge sutche Monuments of Antiquities and finally suche store of fruites and other things wherwith mans life is sustained it is that not only truly named to bee aa parte of the happye Campania but is indéede the Wombe as they saye of fertilitie and the fatte of Italie and the verie horne of plentie as is in the prouerbe All which thinges when wée had viewed verie diligently béeing not so muche wéeried with our labour and traueyll as that wee iudged it time to retourne to our studies for the desire whiche wée had to sée these things and the most delectable beholding of them tooke away all wéerisomnesse we departed from Naples passing along by the most auncient Citie Caieta wee came to Rome and from thence we traueiled by the Tuskans to Padua And when I had there arriued I soiourned there a season and afterwarde departed into my natiue Cuntrey FINIS Plautus Cicero The Code â— common â—uestion E C Dutch weemen Weemeâ— Traueil Mato Note The Sum of Traueilynge The feare of God. Tobias 〈◊〉 doely â—â—â—lth Note â—eware â—â—rruption Syrenes Songes The great force of Order in all things Philosophers are onely men A noble buriall Culliola The proâ—â—â—e of Nauigations â—merica The studye of Nature The Date tree The Cherie tree â—tudy of â—â—e Law. Charge of houshould The Germane The FreÌ„ch man. The Italian The Spaâ—iard â—he proâ—ties of â—weemeÌ„ Fortian questions Preceptes to be obserued Fiue poiÌ„ts â—o be considered The Nmae The Figure Signes Iurisdicâ—ion Leuinus Lemnius Diuersitie of gouerment The maners IncontineÌ„t persons Three â—hinges out â—f Italie Priuiledgâ—â— for Trâ—ueilers â—ertune of â—â—ods proâ—ibited Friendly Priuileges Philososâ—hers The tabâ—â— of the Suâ—â—â— Hypocrates Galen Ser. Sulpitius Iup. Cretaeus Prayse of Charles the fyfth The olde ame of â—aples was arthenope Imprinted at London by VVilliam How for Abraham Veale dwelling in Paules Church-yarde at the signe of the Laâ—â—