ordinance_n city_n may_v be_v defend_v chap._n xxix_o all_o kind_n of_o shot_n either_o pellet_n of_o lead_n or_o javeline_n short_a dart_n or_o long_a dart_n the_o high_a that_o they_o come_v down_o so_o much_o more_o violent_o they_o fall_v upon_o those_o that_o be_v under_o they_o arrow_n also_o shoot_v with_o bow_n and_o stone_n throw_v with_o hand_n sling_n or_o slingstave_n from_o how_o much_o the_o high_a place_n they_o be_v cast_v so_o much_o the_o deep_a do_v they_o pierce_v but_o balâ—stae_n and_o onagri_fw-la two_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n if_o they_o be_v wary_o discharge_v by_o such_o as_o be_v skilful_a and_o cunning_a they_o do_v cut_v in_o sunder_o every_o thing_n they_o meet_v with_o and_o against_o this_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n can_v nothing_o be_v a_o sufficient_a defence_n â–ª_o for_o whatsoever_o it_o strike_v in_o manner_n of_o thunder_n it_o undo_v it_o &_o go_v through_o it_o ¶_o how_o you_o may_v know_v what_o height_n your_o ladder_n and_o other_o engine_n aught_o to_o be_v of_o chap._n xxx_o ladder_n and_o other_o engine_n do_v very_o much_o avail_v for_o the_o take_n of_o town_n wall_n if_o they_o be_v make_v of_o such_o height_n that_o they_o over_o reach_v the_o town_n the_o height_n of_o the_o town_n you_o may_v take_v two_o manner_n of_o way_n for_o either_o may_v you_o tie_v a_o slender_a line_n to_o the_o one_o end_n of_o a_o arrow_n and_o so_o shoot_v it_o when_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o wall_n by_o the_o length_n of_o the_o line_n you_o may_v know_v the_o height_n of_o the_o wall_n or_o else_o when_o the_o son_n either_o set_v or_o rise_v do_v cast_v a_o shadow_n from_o the_o tower_n and_o wall_n to_o the_o earth_n then_o measure_v the_o length_n of_o that_o shadow_n thine_o enemy_n not_o know_v thereof_o and_o afterward_o stick_v up_o a_o pool_n ten_o foot_n high_a above_o the_o ground_n and_o measure_v likewise_o the_o shadow_n thereof_o the_o which_o be_v do_v you_o may_v easy_o know_v the_o height_n of_o the_o wall_n or_o town_n by_o proportion_n of_o the_o pool_n see_v that_o a_o body_n of_o this_o height_n cast_v a_o shadow_n of_o this_o or_o that_o length_n and_o thus_o have_v i_o set_v forth_o for_o the_o common_a commodity_n and_o profit_n as_o i_o suppose_v of_o those_o thing_n which_o ancient_a writer_n of_o chivalry_n have_v leave_v behind_o they_o and_o the_o latter_a age_n by_o experience_n have_v necessary_o find_v out_o touch_v the_o assault_n aâ—d_z defend_v of_o city_n marry_o this_o one_o thing_n i_o can_v to_o much_o warn_v you_o of_o that_o you_o provide_v diligent_o that_o there_o be_v neither_o scarcity_n of_o meat_n nor_o drink_v in_o your_o city_n besiege_v for_o that_o can_v by_o any_o mean_n be_v remedy_v therefore_o the_o long_a time_n that_o you_o suppose_v y_fw-mi siege_n will_v endure_v so_o much_o the_o more_o victual_n must_v you_o lie_v up_o in_o your_o town_n ⸪_o and_o thus_o much_o the_o manner_n of_o war_n on_o land_n be_v declare_v sufficient_o with_o the_o mean_n of_o defend_v and_o assault_v of_o town_n i_o will_v consequent_o treat_v of_o war_n hold_v on_o the_o sea_n and_o of_o ship_n and_o galley_n and_o first_o of_o y_fw-fr liburnian_a galley_n precept_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o sea._n chapter_n xxxj_o the_o manner_n of_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o land_n sufficient_o declare_v at_o your_o majesty_n commandment_n most_o mighty_a and_o worthy_a emperor_n the_o portion_n yet_o not_o speak_v of_o as_o i_o trow_v be_v of_o war_n upon_o the_o sea._n of_o the_o feat_n and_o cunning_a whereof_o the_o less_o therefore_o remain_v to_o be_v speak_v for_o that_o the_o sea_n be_v quiet_v now_o this_o good_a while_n we_o keep_v war_n with_o other_o strange_a nation_n upon_o the_o land_n notwithstanding_o that_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n for_o the_o worship_n and_o commodity_n of_o their_o great_a renown_n and_o not_o for_o any_o necessity_n grow_v by_o sudden_a commotion_n but_o least_o at_o any_o time_n it_o may_v suffer_v danger_n always_o have_v a_o army_n in_o readiness_n for_o no_o man_n dare_v geve_v occasion_n of_o war_n or_o do_v or_o offer_v any_o wrong_n to_o that_o kingdom_n or_o people_n who_o he_o know_v well_o provide_v and_o ready_o to_o withstand_v and_o to_o revenge_v the_o same_o therefore_o at_o misenun_n and_o ravenna_n city_n of_o italy_n at_o each_o there_o abide_v a_o legion_n of_o roman_n with_o you_o navy_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o leave_v the_o city_n undefended_a and_o when_o as_o occasion_v serve_v without_o delay_n or_o fetch_v much_o compass_n they_o may_v pass_v to_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n for_o the_o misenates_n have_v lie_v hard_a upon_o they_o france_n spain_n the_o moor_n africa_n egipte_n sardine_n and_o cycil_n the_o ravennate_v use_v to_o pass_v with_o a_o straight_o course_n into_o epyrus_n macedonia_n achaia_n propontis_n pontis_fw-la east_n asia_n creta_n and_o cyprus_n and_o to_o these_o with_o most_o speed_n because_o in_o warrelye_o affair_n speediâ—es_n and_o swiftness_n do_v more_o avail_n than_o manhood_n ¶_o the_o name_n of_o the_o judge_n which_o govern_v the_o navye_n chap._n xxxii_o the_o chief_a captain_n of_o the_o navye_n of_o the_o misenate_n do_v govern_v the_o ship_n or_o galley_n which_o lie_v in_o campania_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o italy_n but_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o navye_n of_o the_o ravennate_v do_v keep_v they_o that_o rest_v in_o the_o sea_n call_v lonium_n on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o italy_n under_o the_o which_o there_o be_v appoint_v .10_o tribune_n in_o every_o band_n one_o but_o every_o gallye_o have_v such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v call_v navaâ—chus_n that_o be_v the_o master_n or_o governor_n of_o the_o ship_n who_o they_o call_v also_o navicularium_n a_o pilot_n or_o conductor_n of_o ship_n which_o beside_o other_o duty_n of_o mariner_n do_v careful_o and_o diligent_o every_o day_n help_v the_o governor_n and_o rower_n and_o further_a also_o with_o all_o possible_a industry_n all_o manner_n of_o exercise_n of_o the_o soldier_n ¶_o why_o the_o lyburnian_a galley_n be_v so_o call_v chap._n xxxiii_o diverse_a country_n at_o diverse_a and_o sundry_a time_n have_v be_v able_a to_o do_v much_o upon_o the_o sea_n and_o therefore_o have_v have_v diverse_a and_o sundry_a kind_n of_o ship_n but_o what_o time_n as_o augustus_n fight_v the_o battle_n at_o actium_n whereas_o antonye_n by_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o people_n of_o liburnia_n be_v chief_o overcome_v it_o appear_v by_o the_o experiment_n of_o so_o great_a a_o conflict_n that_o the_o liburnian_a ship_n be_v more_o fit_a for_o the_o war_n than_o other_o and_o according_a to_o the_o fashion_n of_o they_o do_v the_o roman_n emperor_n afterward_o build_v their_o navye_n borrow_v of_o they_o both_o their_o name_n and_o their_o likeness_n for_o liburnia_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o country_n call_v dalmatia_n lie_v nigh_o to_o the_o city_n call_v â—adera_fw-mi after_o who_o example_n now_o the_o ship_n of_o war_n be_v build_v &_o be_v name_v liburnae_fw-la ¶_o with_o what_o diligence_n the_o galley_n or_o ship_n call_v liburnae_fw-la be_v make_v chap._n xxxiiii_o like_a as_o in_o build_v of_o house_n man_n seek_v diligent_o for_o good_a mortar_n and_o stone_n even_o so_o ought_v good_a stuff_n be_v seek_v for_o the_o frame_n and_o make_v of_o ship_n and_o so_o much_o rather_o because_o the_o danger_n be_v great_a if_o a_o ship_n be_v faltye_n than_o a_o house_n therefore_o if_o you_o will_v build_v a_o liburnian_a vessel_n choose_v chief_o to_o make_v it_o of_o cyprysse_n and_o pine_n tree_n larche_n &_o fir_n than_o any_o other_o timber_n and_o for_o your_o nail_n it_o be_v more_o profitable_a to_o have_v they_o of_o brass_n than_o iron_n although_o the_o cost_n be_v great_a for_o iron_n nail_n will_v soon_o be_v rusty_a with_o water_n and_o so_o consume_v but_o brazen_a nail_n for_o all_o the_o water_n do_v keep_v their_o natural_a substance_n still_o ¶_o what_o heed_n must_v be_v take_v in_o cut_v down_o of_o timber_n chap._n xxxv_o the_o timber_n whereof_o galley_n must_v be_v make_v ought_v to_o be_v cut_v down_o between_o the_o xv_o and_o the_o xxiii_o day_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o this_o must_v especial_o be_v observe_v for_o none_o other_o but_o only_o that_o which_o be_v cut_v in_o these_o eight_o day_n will_v be_v free_a from_o worm_n and_o rot_v that_o which_o be_v upon_o any_o other_o day_n hew_v down_o within_o a_o year_n space_n will_v be_v worm_n eat_v and_o turn_v to_o dust_n and_o this_o do_v all_o carpenter_n know_v to_o be_v true_a by_o their_o skill_n and_o daily_a experience_n ¶_o in_o what_o month_n timber_n shall_v be_v cut_v down_o chap._n xxxvi_o it_o be_v good_a cut_n of_o
the_o four_o book_n of_o flavius_n vegetius_n renatus_n brief_o contain_v a_o plain_a form_n and_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o martial_a policy_n feat_n of_o chivalry_n and_o whatsoever_o pertain_v to_o war_n translate_v out_o of_o latin_n into_o english_a by_o john_n sadler_n anno._n 1572._o ¶_o see_v and_o allow_v accord_v to_o the_o order_n appoint_v imprint_v at_o london_n in_o fletestreate_n near_o to_o saint_n dunston_n church_n by_o thomas_n marsh_n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a and_o his_o singular_a good_a lord_n the_o lord_n russell_n earl_n of_o bedforde_n one_o of_o the_o queen_n majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a counsel_n and_o knight_n of_o the_o honourable_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n john_n sadler_n wish_v perfect_v felicity_n after_o i_o have_v first_o take_v in_o hand_n right_a honourable_a and_o my_o singular_a good_a lord_n the_o translation_n of_o this_o worthy_a and_o famous_a writer_n flaviê°_n vegetius_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o right_n worshipful_a sir_n edmonde_fw-fr brudenell_n knight_n i_o think_v i_o shall_v have_v have_v no_o further_a labour_n but_o that_o the_o say_a translation_n be_v so_o diligent_o and_o plain_o handle_v according_a to_o the_o author_n meaning_n as_o my_o simple_a wit_n and_o knowledge_n can_v do_v it_o shall_v have_v content_v and_o satisfy_v the_o say_a sir_n edmonde_n only_o for_o his_o own_o private_a use_n and_o read_n but_o he_o be_v a_o man_n always_o studious_a not_o so_o much_o to_o pleasure_v himself_o as_o to_o benefit_n his_o country_n and_o also_o desirous_a to_o make_v all_o man_n partaker_n of_o such_o commodity_n as_o he_o himself_o alone_o or_o a_o few_o beside_o he_o may_v take_v by_o read_n of_o the_o same_o do_v afterward_o purpose_n to_o cause_v the_o say_a work_n to_o be_v print_v and_o although_o the_o rude_a and_o simple_a translation_n thereof_o may_v worthy_o have_v withdraw_v he_o from_o his_o say_a intent_n yet_o nevertheless_o consider_v what_o profitable_a thing_n be_v therein_o contain_v how_o wise_a and_o prudent_a counsel_n for_o all_o governor_n and_o captain_n be_v there_o declare_v how_o expedient_a and_o necessary_a the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o thing_n may_v be_v for_o all_o time_n and_o season_n and_o especial_o for_o this_o our_o time_n wherein_o we_o now_o do_v live_v he_o think_v it_o better_a to_o cause_v the_o say_a work_n to_o be_v open_o set_v forth_o and_o publish_v although_o in_o a_o very_a base_a and_o homely_a stile_n then_o that_o this_o worthy_a author_n who_o not_o only_o the_o italian_n almain_n and_o frenchman_n but_o also_o many_o other_o nation_n have_v most_o diligent_o translate_v in_o their_o own_o peculiar_a language_n shall_v any_o long_o be_v hide_v and_o keep_v from_o all_o his_o native_a country_n man_n gevinge_v thereby_o occasion_n to_o such_o as_o shall_v think_v the_o say_a work_n to_o homely_a and_o base_o handle_v be_v yet_o as_o it_o be_v but_o hew_v out_o of_o the_o rough_a to_o plane_n and_o polish_a the_o same_o if_o they_o will_v be_v dispose_v more_o curious_o and_o to_o set_v it_o forth_o with_o fine_a and_o pure_a eloquence_n which_o thing_n so_o much_o the_o better_a may_v be_v do_v that_o the_o ice_n be_v now_o cut_v up_o before_o and_o the_o way_n make_v open_a which_o at_o the_o first_o may_v seem_v more_o hard_a and_o dangerous_a to_o pass_v the_o weak_a that_o any_o thing_n do_v appear_v the_o more_o expedient_a and_o necessary_a it_o be_v to_o seek_v for_o help_n and_o succour_v for_o the_o same_o the_o more_o simple_a that_o this_o translation_n be_v the_o more_o need_v it_o have_v of_o sure_a protection_n and_o defence_n wherefore_o when_o as_o sir_n edmonde_n brudenell_n the_o chief_a causer_n and_o doer_n in_o set_v forth_o of_o this_o work_n have_v confer_v together_o with_o i_o as_o concern_v the_o publish_n hereof_o and_o have_v not_o yet_o determine_v to_o who_o chief_o it_o may_v most_o convenient_o be_v dedicate_v your_o honour_n amongst_o all_o other_o come_v to_o our_o remembrance_n for_o many_o and_o sundry_a cause_n as_o most_o worthy_a of_o so_o excellent_a and_o pass_v knowledge_n therein_o contain_v not_o that_o these_o thing_n may_v seem_v unknown_a to_o your_o honour_n but_o be_v oversee_v peruse_v and_o allow_v of_o the_o same_o may_v more_o safe_o come_v abroad_o and_o thereby_o deserve_v the_o better_a favour_n and_o acceptation_n of_o all_o the_o reader_n thereof_o as_o allow_v of_o he_o who_o noble_a act_n as_o well_o within_o the_o realm_n as_o with_o out_o on_o every_o side_n have_v always_o from_o time_n to_o time_n so_o well_o appear_v please_v it_o your_o honour_n therefore_o to_o accept_v in_o good_a part_n this_o homely_a and_o simple_a work_n offer_v by_o we_o of_o very_o true_a and_o hearty_a love_n on_o sir_n edmondes_n behalf_n as_o a_o declaration_n of_o the_o inward_a and_o unfeigned_a good_a will_n that_o he_o do_v bear_v towards_o your_o honour_n and_o on_o my_o behalf_n as_o a_o testimonial_a both_o of_o like_a good_a will_n and_o also_o of_o my_o very_a bind_a duty_n which_o now_o many_o year_n late_a pass_v have_v receive_v a_o liberal_a annuity_n or_o stipend_n of_o your_o honour_n whereby_o i_o have_v be_v the_o better_a able_a to_o express_v such_o poor_a knowledge_n as_o i_o have_v or_o at_o least_o my_o good_a will_n not_o only_o in_o set_v forth_o of_o this_o present_a work_n but_o also_o in_o that_o trade_n which_o i_o have_v profess_v a_o long_a time_n as_o i_o trust_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o also_o to_o the_o benefit_n and_o profit_n of_o my_o country_n and_o whereas_o here_o i_o have_v communicate_v the_o set_v forth_o of_o this_o treatise_n with_o he_o that_o have_v be_v the_o only_a and_o chief_a occasion_n of_o first_o take_v the_o same_o in_o hand_n i_o think_v he_o may_v of_o very_o right_a challenge_n the_o great_a commendation_n thereof_o if_o any_o be_v who_o aid_v i_o not_o only_o with_o his_o good_a advice_n but_o also_o with_o book_n which_o else_o where_o i_o can_v not_o have_v have_v for_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o the_o say_a translation_n and_o to_o speak_v unfeigned_o my_o own_o labour_n and_o travail_n can_v look_v for_o no_o manner_n of_o praise_n at_o all_o except_o peradventure_o the_o only_o commendation_n of_o painful_a and_o faithful_a diligence_n which_o as_o vegetius_n say_v himself_o be_v hâ—re_o more_o requisite_a than_o elegancye_n and_o fineness_n of_o word_n â–ª_o not_o add_a thereunto_o any_o thing_n of_o my_o own_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o paraphrast_n to_o dilate_v the_o matter_n more_o at_o large_a with_o a_o curious_a and_o eloquent_a stile_n but_o use_v only_o the_o office_n of_o a_o translator_n plain_o and_o compendious_o express_v so_o near_o as_o i_o can_v the_o true_a sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o author_n wherefore_o if_o this_o my_o endeavour_n may_v be_v accept_v of_o your_o honour_n i_o think_v it_o a_o great_a commendation_n then_o either_o i_o can_v deserve_v or_o just_o look_v for_o as_o thereby_o much_o bolden_v and_o encourage_v to_o take_v like_o pain_n hereafter_o if_o good_a and_o meet_a occasion_n may_v serve_v thereunto_o from_o oundell_n the_o first_o day_n of_o october_n 1571._o your_o honour_n most_o humble_a faithful_a and_o continual_a orator_n john_n sadler_n a_o preface_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o difference_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n be_v apparent_a to_o all_o man_n how_o much_o the_o one_o be_v to_o be_v desire_v the_o other_o to_o be_v eschew_v except_o in_o some_o respect_n hereafter_o declare_v no_o man_n i_o think_v be_v ignorant_a it_o i_o shall_v but_o touch_v the_o gain_n &_o commodity_n of_o peace_n peace_n how_o quiet_o &_o pleasant_o man_n do_v live_v together_o how_o all_o thing_n on_o the_o earth_n do_v increase_v and_o multiply_v how_o wealth_n and_o riches_n do_v abound_v how_o all_o manner_n of_o science_n and_o good_a learning_n do_v flourish_v with_o other_o innumerable_a effect_n there_o of_o toil_a here_o now_o to_o be_v recite_v it_o will_v require_v a_o large_a and_o a_o great_a volume_n war_n not_o a_o short_a and_o compendious_a preface_n again_o how_o great-calamity_n and_o destruction_n through_o war_n have_v happen_v not_o only_o to_o city_n town_n and_o fortress_n but_o also_o to_o mighty_a prince_n with_o their_o army_n great_a multitude_n of_o people_n and_o whole_a nation_n &_o country_n a_o man_n may_v spend_v a_o good_a part_n of_o his_o time_n to_o read_v through_o the_o book_n that_o have_v be_v write_v thereof_o but_o the_o more_o commodious_a precious_a and_o necessary_a that_o pleasant_a and_o joyful_a name_n of_o peace_n be_v to_o be_v account_v so_o much_o more_o earnest_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v seek_v for_o obtain_v and_o preserve_v the_o great_a danger_n harm_n and_o loss_n that_o be_v by_o war_n sustain_v the_o great_a heed_n
that_o in_o deny_v i_o shall_v appear_v more_o bold_a to_o the_o which_o rashness_n the_o long_a continuance_n of_o your_o accustom_a and_o exceede_v great_a clemency_n have_v encourage_v i_o for_o of_o late_o i_o offer_v a_o little_a book_n of_o the_o chusinge_n and_o train_v up_o of_o young_a soldier_n as_o one_o of_o your_o own_o family_n yet_o â—herein_o sustain_v no_o blame_n and_o therefore_o fear_v i_o not_o at_o your_o commandment_n to_o adventure_v on_o a_o work_n when_o as_o that_o which_o be_v voluntary_o do_v have_v past_o unreprehend_v into_o how_o many_o kind_n the_o art_n of_o war_n may_v be_v divide_v the_o first_o chapter_n what_o soever_o belong_v to_o war_n as_o the_o singular_a and_o notable_a author_n among_o the_o latin_n do_v testify_v consist_v of_o armour_n and_o man_n whatsoever_o pertain_v to_o war_n i_o say_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n horseman_n footman_n and_o navye_n of_o the_o horseman_n one_o sort_n be_v call_v wing_n because_o that_o like_a unto_o wing_n they_o defend_v the_o battle_n on_o both_o side_n which_o now_o be_v call_v vexillationes_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v company_n of_o man_n of_o war_n all_o under_o one_o standard_n a_o velo_n because_o they_o do_v use_v banner_n or_o ueile_n term_v glister_v flag_n or_o ensign_n there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o horseman_n which_o be_v name_v legionacij_fw-la because_o they_o be_v join_v to_o the_o legion_n like_v to_o the_o which_o be_v devise_v another_o kind_n &_o for_o their_o harness_n they_o be_v of_o their_o leg_n call_v ocreati_fw-la there_o be_v likewise_o two_o manner_n of_o navye_n one_o which_o may_v be_v call_v foist_n or_o galley_n and_o the_o other_o of_o ship_n the_o horseman_n keep_v the_o plain_n the_o navye_v the_o sea_n and_o water_n the_o footman_n the_o hill_n city_n the_o champion_n ground_n and_o also_o steep_a place_n whereby_o we_o see_v that_o the_o footman_n be_v most_o necessary_a for_o the_o common_a wealth_n do_v good_a service_n every_o where_o and_o whereof_o a_o great_a number_n may_v be_v maintain_v with_o less_o cost_n and_o charge_n a_o host_n of_o man_n be_v in_o latin_n exercitus_fw-la of_o the_o very_a thing_n itself_o and_o of_o the_o use_n of_o exercise_n have_v therefore_o so_o proper_a a_o name_n give_v unto_o it_o to_o the_o intent_n it_o shall_v never_o forget_v what_o it_o be_v call_v the_o footman_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o one_o sort_n legionary_n the_o other_o aide_n the_o aide_n be_v send_v from_o their_o part_n taker_n and_o confederate_a nation_n the_o roman_a virtue_n do_v far_o exceed_v all_o other_o in_o the_o order_v of_o their_o legion_n a_o legion_n have_v y_fw-fr name_n ab_fw-la eligendo_fw-la which_o word_n of_o itself_o require_v their_o faith_n and_o diligence_n by_o who_o the_o soldier_n be_v allow_v for_o rescue_n &_o aid_v the_o lesser_a number_n for_o legionarye_a soldier_n a_o much_o great_a number_n have_v ever_o customable_o be_v appoint_v ¶_o how_o the_o legionarye_a soldier_n and_o those_o that_o be_v send_v for_o aid_n do_v differ_v cap._n ij_o the_o macedonian_n the_o greek_n the_o trojan_n do_v use_v those_o battle_n which_o they_o call_v phalanges_fw-la about_o the_o number_n of_o .8000_o man_n in_o a_o phalange_n the_o frenchman_n and_o spaniard_n and_o many_o barbarous_a nation_n use_v in_o battle_n such_o as_o they_o call_v gaternas_n wherein_o be_v 6000._o harness_a man_n the_o roman_n have_v legion_n in_o the_o which_o be_v .6000_o warrior_n or_o more_o but_o what_o difference_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v between_o the_o legion_n and_o aid_n i_o will_v plain_o declare_v those_o which_o be_v send_v for_o aid_n come_v from_o sundry_a place_n for_o diverse_a and_o sundry_a hire_n neither_o in_o train_n in_o knowledge_n nor_o in_o disposition_n one_o like_o another_o far_o unlike_o be_v their_o fashion_n their_o use_n of_o their_o armour_n clean_o of_o another_o sort_n and_o needs_o must_v they_o be_v long_o of_o get_v the_o victory_n which_o before_o they_o come_v to_o fight_v differ_v thus_o after_o this_o sort_n final_o whereas_o expedition_n require_v it_o be_v very_o expedient_a that_o all_o the_o soldier_n at_o one_o only_o warn_v shall_v straight_a way_n turn_v themselves_o then_o how_o can_v they_o do_v all_o a_o like_a that_o which_o they_o be_v command_v when_o they_o never_o keep_v any_o company_n altogether_o before_o and_o yet_o these_o thing_n solemn_o use_v often_o exercise_v almost_o daily_a confirm_v profit_v not_o a_o little_a the_o aid_n go_v always_o with_o y_fw-fr legionarye_a soldier_n as_o light_o harness_a man_n in_o the_o forebattayle_n rather_o for_o a_o help_n in_o fight_a then_o a_o principal_a succour_n but_o a_o legion_n where_o be_v but_o one_o peculiar_a kind_n of_o soldier_n have_v in_o it_o complete_a harness_a man_n that_o be_v to_o say_v first_o and_o foremost_a principes_fw-la then_o hastati_fw-la the_o third_o triarij_fw-la or_o of_o the_o rearward_n the_o ensign_n bearer_n then_o light_o harness_v man_n as_o caster_n of_o â—artes_n archer_n man_n with_o sling_n crossbow_n man_n have_v also_o in_o it_o mâ—n_z at_o arm_n and_o such_o as_o be_v annex_v unto_o the_o legion_n call_v legionarye_a horseman_n and_o all_o these_o in_o one_o register_n when_o as_o with_o one_o mind_n and_o one_o consent_n they_o â—ortifye_v the_o camp_n order_n their_o army_n and_o join_v battle_n together_o be_v safe_a and_o sure_a on_o every_o side_n need_v no_o manner_n of_o outward_a help_n or_o aid_v what_o multitude_n be_v so_o many_o that_o such_o a_o army_n shall_v not_o conquer_v as_o we_o be_v plain_o teach_v by_o the_o great_a prowess_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o use_v legion_n always_o in_o such_o sort_n aforesaid_a overcome_v so_o many_o enemy_n as_o either_o willing_o they_o will_v or_o all_o thing_n consider_v they_o possible_a can_v ¶_o the_o cause_n why_o legion_n have_v be_v waste_v and_o diminish_v chap._n iij._n the_o name_n of_o legion_n remain_v yet_o till_o this_o day_n but_o through_o negligence_n of_o former_a time_n the_o strength_n thereof_o be_v abate_v for_o in_o ambition_n prevent_v manhood_n have_v get_v away_o his_o due_a reward_n &_o soldier_n now_o a_o day_n be_v promote_v by_o favour_n which_o never_o be_v promote_v but_o only_o by_o labour_n and_o again_o for_o this_o cause_n y_fw-es when_o we_o have_v pay_v a_o certain_a their_o wage_n &_o with_o a_o passport_n as_o the_o custom_n be_v dismiss_v they_o we_o never_o substitute_v other_o in_o their_o room_n beside_o it_o can_v not_o be_v choose_v but_o some_o must_v fall_v sick_a become_v weak_a &_o so_o be_v discharge_v some_o give_v over_o warfare_n or_o die_v by_o one_o chance_n or_o other_o a'n_z except_o every_o year_n yea_o almost_o every_o month_n as_o many_o again_o succeed_v they_o &_o come_v in_o their_o place_n a_o army_n be_v it_o never_o so_o great_a must_v needs_o consume_v &_o waste_v an_o other_o cause_n there_o be_v why_o legion_n may_v be_v lessen_v a_o soldier_n take_v much_o pain_n in_o a_o legion_n armour_n be_v heavy_a and_o burdenous_a reward_n come_v sloulye_o punishment_n rife_o &_o sharp_a which_o thing_n the_o most_o part_n to_o avoid_v if_o it_o may_v be_v seek_v to_o be_v swear_v and_o serve_v for_o aid_n where_o both_o they_o take_v less_o pain_n &_o be_v more_o soon_o prefer_v noble_a cato_n the_o elder_n both_o valiant_a in_o arm_n &_o who_o that_o be_v consul_n have_v oftentimes_o himself_o conduct_v a_o army_n he_o think_v yet_o he_o may_v profit_v the_o common_a wealth_n a_o great_a deal_n more_o if_o he_o put_v in_o write_v what_o belong_v to_o war_n for_o valiance_n and_o noble_a act_n continue_v but_o one_o age_n but_o what_o thing_n be_v write_v for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n be_v remember_v throughout_o all_o age_n the_o like_a have_v many_o other_o do_v before_o but_o especial_o frontinus_n write_n to_o the_o gracious_a prince_n traianus_n for_o this_o endeavour_n and_o travail_n be_v very_o much_o commend_v these_o man_n ordinance_n these_o man_n instruction_n as_o much_o as_o in_o i_o lie_v brief_o and_o faithful_o i_o intend_v to_o put_v in_o writing_n for_o see_v that_o whether_o a_o army_n be_v well_o order_v or_o evil_a the_o expense_n be_v as_o great_a of_o the_o one_o as_o the_o other_o it_o shall_v be_v profitable_a not_o only_o for_o the_o time_n present_a but_o also_o for_o ever_o hereafter_o if_o by_o your_o majesty_n good_a provision_n most_o noble_a emperor_n strong_a and_o politic_a use_n of_o armour_n may_v be_v renew_a and_o establish_v and_o whatsoever_o dissimulation_n for_o favour_n have_v tofore_o be_v practise_v the_o same_o may_v by_o your_o mean_n be_v redress_v and_o amend_v ¶_o what_o number_n of_o legion_n the_o ancient_a roman_n lead_v with_o they_o to_o the_o war_n chapter_n
let_v he_o get_v the_o high_a place_n for_o the_o footman_n &_o accomplish_v his_o enterprise_n chief_o by_o they_o when_o a_o spy_v of_o the_o enemy_n do_v go_v to_o and_o fro_o in_o you_o camp_n very_o privy_o let_v every_o man_n be_v commaâ—ided_v in_o the_o day_n time_n to_o resort_v to_o his_o pavilion_n &_o straight_a wayâ—_n the_o spy_n be_v apprehend_v when_o you_o shall_v know_v that_o your_o counsel_n and_o purpose_n be_v bewray_v to_o the_o enemy_n than_o you_o must_v change_v your_o intent_n and_o purpose_n herein_o that_o which_o chief_o ought_v to_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v entreat_v and_o deliberate_v with_o many_o but_o that_o which_o you_o do_v intend_v to_o do_v herein_o communicate_v with_o very_a few_o and_o those_o most_o trusty_a &_o faithful_a or_o rather_o deliberate_a and_o consult_v of_o they_o with_o your_o own_o self_n and_o no_o more_o punishment_n and_o fear_n do_v amend_v soldier_n abide_v in_o one_o certain_a place_n in_o a_o voyage_n oriourneye_n hope_v and_o reward_n do_v make_v they_o better_o good_a captain_n do_v never_o fight_v in_o open_a or_o set_v battle_n but_o upon_o good_a occasion_n or_o very_o great_a necessity_n it_o be_v a_o good_a devise_n rather_o to_o oppress_v the_o enemy_n with_o hunger_n and_o famine_n then_o with_o the_o sword_n as_o touch_v a_o army_n of_o horseman_n there_o be_v many_o rule_n and_o precept_n but_o see_v that_o this_o part_n of_o warfare_n have_v profit_v and_o proceed_v through_o use_n and_o exercise_n through_o the_o kind_n of_o armour_n and_o the_o worthiness_n of_o horse_n i_o suppose_v that_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v gather_v out_o of_o book_n when_o as_o this_o present_a instruction_n may_v be_v sufficient_a let_v not_o the_o enemy_n know_v after_o what_o manner_n you_o intend_v to_o fight_v lest_o they_o go_v about_o to_o prevent_v and_o withstand_v the_o same_o by_o one_o help_n or_o other_o i_o have_v orderly_a declare_v thing_n oh_o valiant_a and_o mighty_a emperor_n which_o be_v approve_v diverse_a &_o sundry_a time_n through_o faithful_a and_o diligent_a experience_n the_o most_o worthy_a author_n have_v set_v forth_o and_o publish_v that_o unto_o the_o cunning_a of_o shoot_v which_o in_o your_o grace_n the_o persian_a do_v praise_v and_o marvel_n at_o unto_o the_o knowledge_n and_o comeliness_n of_o ride_v of_o horse_n which_o the_o people_n of_o hungarre_n and_o scythia_n call_v hunni_n &_o alani_n will_v glad_o imitate_v if_o they_o can_v and_o to_o the_o swiftness_n of_o run_v wherein_o the_o saracine_n and_o man_n of_o ind_n can_v not_o match_v with_o you_o to_o the_o exercise_v of_o handle_v the_o weapon_n &_o use_v all_o kind_n of_o artillery_n wherein_o the_o captain_n and_o master_n of_o the_o field_n be_v glad_a that_o they_o know_v some_o good_a example_n to_o follow_v unto_o all_o these_o thing_n i_o say_v a_o rule_n or_o trade_n how_o to_o fight_v in_o battle_n yea_o rather_o policy_n how_o to_o get_v the_o victory_n must_v be_v annex_v that_o as_o much_o as_o you_o can_v through_o puissance_n and_o marvelous_a good_a order_v of_o your_o common_a wealth_n you_o may_v show_v the_o office_n and_o perform_v the_o duty_n both_o of_o a_o emperor_n and_o a_o soldier_n the_o four_o book_n of_o flavius_n vegetiuâ—_n renatus_n of_o the_o feat_n of_o war_n the_o prologue_n building_n of_o city_n be_v the_o thing_n that_o in_o the_o beginning_n do_v separate_v and_o divide_v the_o homely_a and_o rude_a life_n of_o man_n from_o the_o society_n and_o company_n of_o dumb_a creature_n &_o wild_a beast_n the_o which_o city_n upon_o their_o common_a utility_n and_o profit_n have_v the_o name_n of_o public_a weal_n therefore_o most_o mighty_a nation_n and_o prince_n of_o famous_a memory_n have_v think_v there_o can_v be_v no_o great_a renoun_n then_o either_o to_o build_v new_a city_n or_o else_o amplify_a those_o which_o have_v be_v build_v by_o other_o to_o call_v they_o after_o their_o own_o name_n wherein_o your_o majesty_n do_v obtain_v the_o chief_a praise_n of_o all_o other_o for_o whereas_o other_o prince_n have_v build_v one_o city_n a_o piece_n or_o few_o more_o your_o grace_n with_o continual_a labour_n have_v erect_v such_o a_o number_n that_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v build_v not_o so_o much_o by_o man_n hand_n as_o by_o the_o will_n and_o work_n of_o god_n so_o you_o excel_v all_o other_o emperor_n in_o happiness_n of_o estate_n in_o temperance_n in_o chasteness_n of_o life_n in_o example_n to_o be_v follow_v and_o in_o the_o great_a love_n that_o you_o bear_v towards_o learning_n we_o see_v with_o oâ—r_a eye_n the_o goodness_n of_o your_o government_n and_o also_o of_o your_o good_a mind_n the_o which_o thing_n both_o they_o which_o have_v go_v before_o we_o do_v wish_v to_o enjoy_v and_o they_o whicht_v be_v yet_o to_o come_v desire_v to_o continue_v for_o ever_o by_o reason_n whereof_o we_o do_v rejoice_v that_o so_o great_a a_o jewel_n be_v give_v to_o all_o the_o world_n as_o either_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n can_v desire_v or_o the_o bountiefulnes_n of_o god_n can_v geve_v and_o as_o for_o the_o build_n up_o and_o repair_v of_o wall_n how_o it_o have_v go_v forward_o through_o the_o good_a order_n devise_v by_o your_o grace_n the_o city_n of_o rome_n can_v show_v which_o by_o defend_v the_o tower_n capitolium_fw-la have_v save_v the_o citizen_n life_n that_o afterward_o it_o may_v with_o great_a glory_n obtain_v the_o dominion_n of_o all_o the_o world_n therefore_o for_o the_o accomplish_n of_o this_o work_n take_v in_o hand_n at_o the_o commaundeman_n of_o your_o majesty_n i_o will_v bring_v into_o order_n the_o device_n of_o sundry_a writer_n by_o the_o which_o both_o our_o own_o city_n may_v be_v defend_v and_o the_o city_n of_o our_o enemy_n overthrow_v neither_o shall_v it_o forthink_v i_o of_o my_o labour_n because_o these_o thing_n in_o time_n to_o come_v may_v be_v profitable_a to_o all_o man_n that_o city_n ought_v to_o be_v fence_v either_o with_o handworke_n or_o nature_n or_o both_o the_o first_o chapter_n city_n and_o castle_n be_v fence_v either_o by_o nature_n or_o with_o hand_n or_o else_o with_o both_o which_o be_v reckon_v the_o strong_a by_o nature_n as_o with_o the_o height_n or_o craggine_n of_o the_o place_n with_o the_o sea_n with_o fen_n or_o with_o river_n by_o hand_n as_o with_o ditch_n and_o wall_n in_o that_o benefit_n and_o help_n of_o nature_n the_o most_o safety_n consist_v in_o the_o wittiness_n and_o counsel_n of_o the_o chooser_n in_o the_o plain_a ground_n full_a necessary_a be_v the_o diligent_a travail_n of_o the_o builder_n and_o we_o see_v some_o very_a ancient_a city_n so_o build_v in_o plain_n &_o open_a field_n that_o although_o the_o help_n of_o situation_n do_v fail_v yet_o with_o cunning_a and_o workmanship_n they_o be_v make_v invincible_a ¶_o that_o wales_n shall_v â—ot_n be_v make_v straight_o but_o with_o many_o coigne_n chapter_n two_o man_n in_o time_n past_a draw_v not_o in_o circuit_n of_o their_o wall_n straight_o lest_o they_o may_v be_v apt_a to_o receive_v the_o stroke_n of_o the_o batter_a ram_n but_o lay_v the_o foundation_n they_o enclose_v their_o city_n with_o many_o wyndinge_n &_o turn_n in_o and_o out_o and_o in_o the_o very_a corner_n do_v build_v many_o tower_n for_o this_o cause_n that_o if_o the_o enemy_n will_v set_v ladder_n or_o other_o engine_n unto_o a_o wall_n build_v after_o such_o order_n he_o may_v be_v beat_v down_o not_o only_o before_o but_o also_o on_o the_o side_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n behind_o as_o enclose_v in_o a_o lane_n or_o buy_v ¶_o after_o what_o sort_n earth_n may_v be_v heap_v up_o and_o join_v to_o a_o wall_n so_o that_o it_o shall_v never_o be_v beat_v down_o cap._n iij._n a_o wall_n which_o can_v never_o be_v throw_v down_o be_v make_v after_o this_o manner_n make_v two_o wall_n on_o the_o town_n side_n of_o y_fw-es ditch_n a_o good_a way_n distant_a a_o sunder_o then_o cast_v between_o they_o that_o earth_n which_o yowe_o throw_v out_o of_o the_o ditch_n and_o beat_v it_o down_o hard_a with_o beetle_n and_o weighty_a instrument_n so_o that_o that_o which_o be_v first_o and_o next_o to_o â—he_n utmoste_o stonewall_n be_v somewhat_o low_a than_o the_o stonewall_n itself_o and_o the_o second_o a_o good_a deal_n low_o than_o the_o first_o that_o from_o the_o city_n man_n may_v go_v up_o easy_o to_o the_o battlement_n as_o in_o the_o rise_n of_o a_o hill_n or_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o steiar_n a_o wall_n thus_o strengthen_v with_o earth_n can_v never_o be_v beat_v down_o with_o any_o ram_n and_o though_o the_o stone_n shall_v chance_v to_o be_v throw_v down_o yet_o the_o great_a heap_n of_o earth_n that_o be_v ram_v between_o the_o wall_n do_v withstand_v they_o that_o
profit_n and_o commodity_n for_o a_o city_n to_o have_v within_o the_o wall_n well_n and_o springe_n ever_o continue_v and_o endure_v if_o so_o be_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n do_v not_o serve_v they_o must_v you_o dig_v pit_n of_o what_o deepness_n soever_o you_o think_v good_a and_o draw_v up_o the_o water_n with_o rope_n but_o some_o time_n the_o place_n which_o be_v fence_v with_o mountain_n &_o rock_n be_v more_o dry_a than_o other_o in_o such_o a_o case_n you_o may_v build_v a_o fort_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n &_o so_o shall_v you_o by_o dig_v find_v water_n and_o from_o of_o the_o fort_n defend_v it_o with_o dart_n or_o other_o shot_n appoint_v for_o the_o purpose_n that_o there_o may_v be_v free_a go_v and_o come_v for_o the_o fetch_n of_o water_n if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o the_o water_n be_v without_o the_o cast_v of_o the_o dart_n &_o yet_o in_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n under_o the_o city_n it_o be_v mete_v that_o a_o little_a fort_n which_o they_o call_v a_o blockehouse_n be_v build_v between_o the_o city_n and_o the_o springe_n and_o there_o to_o be_v place_v ordinance_n and_o archer_n that_o the_o water_n may_v be_v defend_v from_o the_o enemy_n moreover_o in_o all_o the_o public_a and_o common_a building_n of_o the_o city_n and_o in_o many_o private_a building_n there_o shall_v be_v cistern_n most_o diligent_o ordain_v that_o they_o may_v be_v receipt_n for_o rain_n water_n which_o fall_v from_o the_o house_n for_o thirst_n do_v seldom_o overcome_v they_o which_o in_o a_o siege_n have_v use_v water_n only_o for_o their_o drink_n though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o little_a ¶_o if_o â—ault_n shall_v fail_v in_o the_o city_n what_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v chapter_n xj_o if_o the_o city_n stand_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o salt_n be_v want_v take_v water_n out_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o pour_v it_o into_o broad_a vessel_n and_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n it_o will_v turn_v to_o salt_n if_o so_o be_v that_o the_o enemy_n do_v stop_v thou_o from_o the_o water_n for_o that_o often_o time_n do_v chance_v then_o take_v the_o sand_n which_o the_o sea_n cast_v up_o and_o wash_v the_o same_o with_o fresh_a water_n and_o that_o water_n be_v dry_v will_v turn_v likewise_o into_o salt_n ¶_o what_o shall_v be_v do_v when_o the_o enemy_n do_v first_o assault_v the_o wall_n chapter_n twelve_o vuhat_o time_n as_o the_o assault_n be_v give_v to_o a_o castle_n or_o city_n great_a be_v the_o danger_n on_o both_o part_n but_o great_a be_v the_o bloodshed_n of_o they_o that_o geve_v the_o assault_n for_o they_o that_o covet_v to_o enter_v the_o wall_n with_o rerrible_a preparation_n show_v forth_o all_o their_o army_n and_o with_o noise_n of_o man_n and_o trumpet_n fray_v the_o town_n hope_v thereby_o to_o make_v it_o yield_v then_o the_o town_n man_n be_v astony_v at_o the_o first_o burn_v for_o fear_n dismay_v the_o unexercised_a if_o they_o know_v not_o the_o experience_n of_o such_o danger_n quick_o loose_v their_o city_n if_o the_o enemy_n set_v ladder_n to_o the_o wall_n if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o at_o the_o first_o meeting_n the_o enemy_n be_v put_v back_o by_o bold_a and_o warlike_a man_n straight_a way_n the_o town_n man_n wax_v bold_a and_o then_o they_o fight_v not_o with_o fear_n but_o with_o courage_n &_o cunning_a ¶_o a_o rehearsal_n of_o engine_n with_o which_o the_o wall_n be_v assault_v chap._n xiij_o the_o engine_n that_o be_v set_v to_o wall_n be_v in_o latin_a call_v testudines_fw-la arietes_n falces_fw-la vineae_fw-la plutei_fw-la musculi_fw-la turres_n in_o english_a snail_n ram_n hook_n vine_n desk_n mouse_n turrettes_n of_o which_o particular_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o may_v be_v make_v by_o what_o manner_n cunning_a also_o they_o may_v fight_v or_o be_v drive_v back_o i_o will_v hereafter_o declare_v ¶_o of_o the_o batter_a ram_n the_o hook_n and_o the_o snail_n chap._n xiiii_o the_o engine_n call_v testudo_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o snail_n be_v join_v together_o of_o timber_n and_o board_n which_o to_o keep_v away_o fire_n be_v cover_v witâ—_n leather_n or_o hearâ—clothes_n or_o any_o patch_a cloth_n this_o engine_n have_v within_o it_o a_o beam_n which_o be_v head_v with_o a_o crooked_a iron_n call_v falx_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o hook_n to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v draw_v stone_n out_o of_o the_o wall_n or_o else_o the_o head_n of_o the_o self_n same_o beam_n be_v cover_v all_o with_o iron_n and_o be_v name_v aries_n that_o be_v a_o ram_n either_o because_o it_o have_v a_o very_a hard_a forehead_n to_o cast_v down_o the_o wall_n or_o else_o because_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o ram_n it_o go_v backward_o to_o the_o intent_n it_o may_v strike_v with_o a_o more_o vehement_n force_n but_o testudo_fw-la have_v take_v that_o name_n of_o the_o form_n &_o similitude_n of_o the_o very_a snail_n in_o deed_n because_o like_a as_o the_o snail_n sometime_o pluck_v back_o her_o head_n sometime_o put_v it_o forth_o even_o â—o_o this_o engine_n sometime_o draw_v the_o beam_n back_o sometime_o thrust_v it_o out_o that_o it_o may_v strike_v with_o great_a power_n ¶_o of_o sheddes_n desk_n and_o countermure_n chap._n xv_o the_o engine_n name_v vinea_fw-la that_o be_v a_o vine_n be_v compact_a of_o light_a wood_n and_o it_o be_v viij_o foot_n high_a seven_o footâ—_n broad_a and_o xuj_o foot_n long_o the_o cover_v of_o it_o be_v double_a with_o board_n and_o hurdle_n the_o side_n also_o be_v hedge_v with_o rod_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v pierce_v with_o violence_n of_o stone_n and_o dart_n the_o out_o side_n be_v cover_v with_o raw_a &_o new_a hide_n or_o else_o with_o tyltclothe_n that_o it_o be_v not_o set_v on_o fire_n a_o number_n of_o these_o be_v join_v together_o in_o a_o row_n under_o the_o which_o the_o besieger_n be_v safe_a do_v pierce_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o wall_n to_o throw_v they_o down_o plutei_fw-la be_v call_v which_o after_o the_o similitude_n of_o a_o compass_a vault_n or_o arch_n be_v compact_v of_o rod_n and_o cover_v above_o with_o heareclothe_n or_o leather_n and_o be_v move_v as_o it_o be_v a_o cart_n unto_o what_o part_n soever_o you_o will_v with_o three_o little_a wheel_n of_o the_o which_o one_o be_v set_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o two_o in_o the_o head_n or_o forepart_n these_o do_v the_o besieger_n bring_v to_o the_o wall_n and_o stand_v under_o they_o with_o arrow_n or_o sling_n or_o dart_n drive_v away_o the_o defender_n from_o the_o wall_n that_o they_o may_v better_o sâ—ale_v the_o wall_n with_o ladder_n but_o that_o that_o be_v call_v agger_fw-la or_o countermure_z be_v raise_v up_o of_o earth_n and_o wood_n against_o the_o wall_n from_o the_o which_o the_o dart_n be_v throw_v ¶_o of_o engine_n call_v musculi_fw-la chapter_n xuj_o mvsculi_fw-la be_v less_o engine_n with_o the_o which_o the_o man_n of_o war_n be_v cover_v if_o mire_n or_o the_o ditch_n of_o the_o city_n do_v hinder_v they_o do_v not_o only_o fill_v the_o same_o but_o also_o make_v it_o hard_a with_o stone_n wood_n and_o earth_n bring_v thereunto_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o movable_a tower_n may_v be_v join_v to_o the_o wall_n without_o any_o let_v or_o hindrance_n they_o be_v call_v musculi_fw-la of_o beast_n of_o the_o sea_n like_v unto_o mouse_n for_o like_a as_o they_o although_o they_o be_v lesser_a yet_o the_o aid_n and_o help_v the_o whale_n in_o go_v before_o they_o for_o dashinge_v against_o rock_n even_o so_o these_o lesser_a and_o short_a engine_n appoint_v to_o serve_v the_o great_a movable_a tower_n with_o wheel_n do_v prepare_v the_o way_n for_o their_o come_n and_o fortify_v the_o passage_n before_o they_o ¶_o of_o tower_n mouâ—ble_a chap._n xvij_o tower_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o engine_n join_v together_o of_o beam_n and_o board_n after_o the_o similitude_n of_o building_n and_o to_o keep_v so_o great_a a_o work_n from_o fyringe_n by_o the_o enemy_n it_o be_v most_o diligent_o fence_v on_o all_o part_n with_o raw_a hide_n or_o tilt_n clothes_n for_o the_o height_n of_o it_o be_v proportionable_a to_o the_o breadth_n for_o sometime_o they_o be_v thirty_o foot_n broad_a by_o the_o square_n sometime_o xl_o or_o l._n but_o the_o tallenes_n or_o height_n must_v be_v such_o that_o they_o may_v pass_v in_o height_n not_o only_o the_o wall_n but_o also_o the_o tower_n of_o stone_n these_o tower_n must_v have_v many_o wheel_n cunning_o make_v by_o the_o easy_a roll_n of_o the_o which_o so_o great_a a_o frame_n may_v be_v move_v and_o it_o be_v present_a danger_n to_o the_o city_n if_o the_o tower_n come_v once_o to_o the_o wall_n for_o it_o have_v with_o it_o a_o number_n of_o ladder_n &_o diverse_a way_n
overthrow_v horseman_n and_o footman_n but_o also_o break_v the_o engine_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o sunder_o ¶_o against_o the_o engine_n name_v a_o ram_n be_v flockebedde_n or_o matress_n very_o good_a also_o roope_n and_o great_a pillar_n chapter_n xxiij_o against_o the_o batter_a ram_n or_o hook_n there_o be_v many_o help_n and_o remedy_n for_o some_o with_o cord_n let_v down_o their_o tiltclothe_n and_o other_o patch_a gear_n and_o mattress_n and_o so_o let_v they_o hang_v in_o such_o place_n as_o the_o ram_n do_v beat_v that_o the_o violence_n and_o force_n of_o the_o engine_n may_v be_v break_v with_o the_o softness_n of_o these_o and_o not_o throw_v down_o the_o wall_n some_o other_o with_o a_o number_n of_o man_n do_v from_o the_o wall_n catch_v the_o ram_n with_o roope_n and_o draw_v it_o a_o side_n overthrow_v it_o many_o use_n to_o tie_v unto_o roope_n a_o piece_n of_o iron_n much_o like_o unto_o a_o pair_n of_o shear_n full_a of_o tooth_n which_o they_o call_v lupum_fw-la and_o so_o either_o they_o do_v overthrow_v the_o ram_n catch_v with_o the_o same_o or_o else_o lift_v it_o up_o that_o it_o have_v no_o force_n to_o strike_v sometime_o they_o throw_v down_o huge_a stone_n of_o marble_n or_o other_o of_o like_a hardness_n from_o the_o wall_n and_o all_o to_o break_v the_o ram_n if_o the_o force_n of_o the_o ram_n shall_v be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o shall_v beat_v through_o the_o wall_n and_o cast_v it_o down_o as_o oftentimes_o it_o chance_v then_o be_v there_o none_o other_o help_n but_o to_o pull_v down_o your_o house_n and_o make_v another_o wall_n within_o &_o so_o between_o two_o wall_n to_o slay_v your_o enemy_n if_o they_o break_v in_o ¶_o of_o undermine_v and_o throw_v down_o wall_n that_o way_n chap._n twenty-four_o there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o assault_n that_o be_v under_o y_fw-es earth_n and_o privy_n which_o be_v call_v undermininge_n the_o manner_n of_o it_o be_v this_o a_o number_n of_o pioneer_n dig_v in_o the_o earth_n as_o miner_n do_v and_o make_v a_o trenchâ—_n by_o that_o mean_n seek_v to_o destroy_v the_o city_n the_o which_o by_o two_o way_n they_o bring_v to_o pass_v for_o either_o they_o do_v enter_v the_o city_n and_o by_o night_n when_o the_o town_n man_n be_v not_o ware_n of_o it_o do_v issue_n out_o of_o their_o trench_n and_o unlockinge_v the_o gate_n let_v in_o their_o own_o army_n and_o slay_v the_o enemy_n in_o their_o house_n at_o unwares_o or_o else_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o wall_n they_o dig_v under_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o and_o with_o dry_a timber_n underset_v it_o that_o for_o a_o while_o it_o may_v not_o fall_v afterward_o they_o lie_v many_o faggot_n and_o such_o like_a dry_a fuel_n about_o it_o and_o have_v place_v their_o soldier_n in_o array_n they_o set_v fire_n to_o it_o so_o that_o the_o pillar_n of_o wood_n and_o board_n be_v burn_v and_o the_o wall_n there_o with_o fall_v sudden_o they_o have_v a_o way_n lay_v open_a for_o they_o to_o burst_v in_o at_o ¶_o what_o the_o town_n man_n oughe_o to_o do_v if_o the_o enemy_n burst_v into_o the_o city_n chap._n twenty-five_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o infinite_a example_n that_o they_o which_o have_v enter_v their_o enemy_n city_n oftentimes_o have_v be_v so_o slay_v that_o not_o one_o have_v escape_v which_o thing_n without_o doubt_n do_v come_v to_o pass_v if_o the_o town_n man_n do_v keep_v their_o wall_n and_o tower_n or_o take_v first_o the_o high_a place_n for_o then_o such_o as_o be_v of_o age_n both_o man_n and_o woman_n do_v overwhelm_v with_o stone_n and_o other_o kind_n of_o weapon_n such_o as_o do_v break_v in_o the_o which_o to_o avoid_v wise_a captain_n set_v open_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n to_o intent_n that_o have_a leave_n to_o depart_v they_o may_v not_o resist_v for_o desperation_n in_o such_o a_o case_n be_v a_o necessary_a enforcement_n to_o manhood_n the_o town_n man_n have_v only_o this_o help_n whether_o the_o enemy_n enter_v by_o day_n or_o by_o night_n to_o hold_v and_o keep_v their_o wall_n and_o tower_n and_o to_o climb_v up_o to_o the_o high_a place_n and_o so_o to_o overthrow_v their_o enemy_n on_o every_o side_n in_o all_o the_o street_n of_o the_o city_n ¶_o what_o heed_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v jest_n the_o enemy_n privy_o take_v the_o wall_n chap._n xxuj_o many_o time_n in_o besieger_n do_v invent_v some_o guile_n or_o craft_n and_o by_o a_o counterfeit_n desperation_n depart_v a_o good_a way_n of_o but_o when_o as_o after_o fear_n be_v past_a the_o unheedefull_a and_o careless_a town_n man_n have_v take_v rest_n watch_v of_o the_o wall_n be_v give_v over_o the_o enemy_n come_v privy_o with_o ladder_n take_v occasion_n of_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n and_o so_o climb_v the_o wall_n for_o which_o cause_n a_o great_a and_o more_o diligent_a heed_n must_v be_v have_v when_o as_o the_o enemy_n be_v go_v away_o and_o in_o the_o very_a wall_n and_o tower_n ought_v small_a cabin_n to_o be_v make_v in_o which_o the_o watch_n man_n in_o winter_n season_n may_v be_v defend_v from_o shower_n and_o cold_a and_o in_o summer_n from_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n this_o thing_n also_o experience_n have_v find_v that_o in_o the_o tower_n be_v good_a to_o keep_v fierce_a dog_n and_o quick_a of_o smell_v which_o can_v perceive_v the_o come_n of_o the_o enemy_n by_o the_o scent_n and_o geve_v warning_n thereof_o by_o bark_v also_o goose_n by_o like_a skill_n of_o nature_n declare_v by_o their_o cry_n the_o sudden_a invasion_n of_o the_o enemy_n by_o night_n for_o the_o french_a man_n enter_v into_o the_o chief_a tower_n or_o palace_n of_o rome_n call_v capitolium_fw-la have_v for_o ever_o blot_v out_o the_o name_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v not_o manlius_n withstand_v they_o be_v raise_v up_o with_o the_o cry_v of_o goose_n and_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o one_o goose_n they_o be_v save_v which_o afterward_o subdue_v the_o whole_a world_n ¶_o how_o the_o townâ—s_a man_n may_v be_v deceive_v chap._n xxvii_o above_o all_o thing_n it_o be_v count_v the_o great_a matter_n not_o only_o in_o siege_n but_o even_o in_o all_o kind_n of_o war_n to_o spy_v out_o and_o know_v diligent_o the_o custom_n and_o use_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o you_o can_v convenient_o by_o lay_v wait_n for_o they_o deceive_v they_o except_o you_o know_v at_o what_o hour_n they_o cease_v from_o their_o labour_n and_o at_o what_o time_n they_o be_v less_o circumspect_a whether_o at_o none_o or_o towards_o even_o or_o in_o the_o night_n or_o at_o such_o time_n as_o they_o eat_v their_o meat_n when_o as_o y_fw-es soldier_n of_o both_o side_n be_v disperse_v to_o take_v their_o rest_n and_o to_o refresh_v their_o body_n which_o thing_n when_o the_o besieger_n perceive_v subtle_o they_o withdraw_v themselves_o from_o battle_n that_o they_o may_v geve_v free_a liberty_n to_o the_o enemy_n to_o be_v very_o negligent_a which_o negligence_n what_o time_n as_o it_o shall_v be_v great_a for_o that_o they_o fear_v nothing_o than_o the_o besieger_n shall_v sudden_o bring_v their_o engine_n and_o ladder_n to_o the_o wall_n and_o take_v the_o city_n therefore_o in_o the_o wall_n the_o town_n man_n ought_v to_o have_v stone_n and_o ordinance_n in_o a_o readiness_n to_o the_o end_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o deceit_n be_v know_v they_o may_v resist_v and_o have_v at_o hand_n such_o thing_n as_o they_o may_v roll_n and_o cast_v upon_o the_o head_n of_o their_o enemy_n ¶_o what_o the_o besieger_n ought_v to_o do_v that_o they_o be_v not_o entrap_v of_o the_o town_n man_n chap._n xxviii_o if_o the_o besieger_n likewise_o be_v negligent_a they_o be_v as_o soon_o catch_v by_o deceit_n as_o the_o other_o for_o whether_o they_o be_v occupy_v at_o meat_n or_o sleep_v or_o else_o scatter_v a_o sunder_o through_o idleness_n or_o any_o other_o necessity_n then_o the_o town_n man_n sudden_o rush_v forth_o they_o slay_v they_o ere_o they_o be_v aware_a set_v on_o fire_n their_o engine_n ram_n and_o the_o very_a countermur_n and_o overthrow_v all_o the_o work_n that_o be_v make_v against_o they_o for_o this_o cause_n the_o besieger_n do_v make_v a_o trench_n a_o stone_n cast_v of_o and_o so_o furnish_v the_o same_o not_o only_o with_o a_o pale_a and_o stake_n but_o also_o with_o turrette_n and_o fortress_n that_o they_o may_v easy_o withstand_v they_o that_o issue_n forth_o of_o the_o city_n which_o work_n they_o call_v loriculam_fw-la and_o oftentimes_o when_o a_o siege_n be_v describe_v in_o any_o history_n you_o shall_v read_v that_o this_o or_o that_o town_n be_v compass_v round_o about_o with_o this_o paleworke_n call_v loricula_fw-la ¶_o with_o what_o kind_n of_o
of_o excellent_a prince_n as_o of_o most_o worthy_a captain_n julius_n caesar_n caesar._n how_o great_o he_o be_v geeven_v to_o this_o kind_n of_o study_n it_o do_v most_o evident_o appear_v by_o such_o notable_a book_n as_o he_o have_v write_v and_o entitle_v commentary_n and_o sure_o in_o my_o opinion_n it_o seem_v a_o far_o better_a and_o short_a way_n to_o attain_v to_o the_o name_n of_o a_o worthy_a and_o perfect_v captain_n to_o join_v experience_n unto_o knowledge_n experience_n then_o to_o get_v knowledge_n by_o experience_n for_o man_n life_n be_v short_a and_o subject_a to_o many_o casualtye_n oftentimee_n be_v cut_v of_o before_o it_o can_v come_v to_o any_o such_o perfection_n as_o be_v require_v in_o a_o excellent_a man_n of_o war_n whereas_o small_a experience_n with_o diligent_a read_n and_o perfect_v learning_n of_o feat_n of_o ware_n may_v frame_v and_o make_v many_o politic_a captain_n in_o a_o short_a space_n i_o do_v not_o mean_v that_o knowledge_n without_o experience_n can_v do_v any_o great_a thing_n at_o all_o but_o be_v join_v both_o together_o doubtless_o they_o may_v be_v as_o able_a to_o bring_v to_o pass_v as_o great_a and_o marvelous_a thing_n in_o valiant_a man_n in_o these_o our_o day_n as_o they_o have_v be_v in_o many_o noble_a man_n before_o our_o time_n as_o namely_o in_o those_o most_o worthy_a and_o famous_a conqueror_n who_o partly_o for_o brevitye_n sake_n partly_o for_o honour_n sake_n i_o mention_v before_o whereof_o alexander_n the_o great_a as_o justine_n and_o other_o do_v witness_n never_o fight_v with_o any_o enemy_n who_o he_o do_v not_o vanquish_v and_o overcome_v and_o how_o julius_n caesar_n do_v prevail_v his_o history_n do_v declare_v who_o be_v much_o inferior_a in_o number_n to_o his_o enemy_n be_v so_o skilful_a and_o expert_a in_o the_o order_n of_o his_o battle_n caesar_n that_o as_o it_o be_v before_o thorough_o assure_v he_o will_v foretell_v to_o his_o man_n even_o in_o this_o band_n name_n and_o point_v out_o the_o same_o shall_v consist_v the_o victory_n which_o shall_v afterward_o even_o so_o come_v to_o pass_v as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o great_a and_o last_o conflict_n between_o he_o and_o pompeie_n besides_o other_o place_n in_o the_o third_o book_n of_o the_o roman_n civil_a war_n presupposinge_v that_o i_o have_v say_v sufficient_o for_o the_o exhort_v of_o thou_o gentle_a reader_n to_o the_o overlookinge_n of_o this_o book_n as_o well_o for_o the_o necessary_a matter_n therein_o contain_v as_o for_o cause_n by_o occasion_n chauncinge_n from_o time_n to_o time_n whereby_o the_o same_o matter_n may_v need_v to_o be_v practse_v with_o hope_n of_o thy_o good_a pardon_n for_o any_o my_o fault_n whatsoever_o as_o thou_o may_v seem_v rather_o to_o encourage_v then_o discourage_v i_o i_o commit_v thou_o to_o almighty_a god_o and_o to_o the_o read_n of_o my_o author_n flavius_n vegetius_n rude_o yet_o profitable_o hereafter_o speak_v in_o english_a farewell_n christopheri_fw-la carlili_n saphphica_n art_fw-la qui_fw-la quavis_fw-la patriam_fw-la tuetur_fw-la in_o domo_fw-la diuûm_fw-la locus_fw-la est_fw-la paratus_fw-la id_fw-la facit_fw-la sadler_n patet_fw-la ergo_fw-la coeli_fw-la porta_n supremi_fw-la nun_n constant_a patriam_fw-la tuetur_fw-la qui_fw-la modos_fw-la tradit_fw-la quibus_fw-la amoventur_fw-la hostium_fw-la fraud_n furiae_fw-la rebel_n insidiaeque_fw-la scire_fw-la vis_fw-la turmas_fw-la equitum_fw-la locare_fw-la copias_fw-la crebras_fw-la peditum_fw-la legantur_fw-la quae_fw-la that_fw-mi interpres_fw-la vegetj_fw-la latâ—â—i_fw-la over_o britanno_n scire_fw-la vis_fw-la quid_fw-la sit_fw-la manus_fw-la atque_fw-la turma_fw-la quid_fw-la cohors_fw-la alae_fw-la legio_fw-la balista_fw-la quidque_fw-la sit_fw-la quincunx_fw-la ary_n duelli_fw-la cornua_fw-la bina_fw-la scire_fw-la vis_fw-la qui_fw-la sit_fw-la locus_fw-la atque_fw-la tempus_fw-la machinae_fw-la martis_fw-la celeres_fw-la biremes_n classium_fw-la portus_fw-la sonitus_fw-la tubarum_fw-la palladis_fw-la arma_fw-la bellicum_fw-la quid_fw-la sit_fw-la lituus_fw-la sonorus_fw-la tela_n bellonae_fw-la docetid_v polita_fw-la arte_fw-la sadlerus_fw-la facit_fw-la ut_fw-la regustet_fw-la angla_n inventus_fw-la â–ª_o anglicae_fw-la pubi_fw-la dedit_fw-la haee_fw-la legenda_fw-la cura_fw-la sadleri_fw-la monumenta_fw-la sunto_fw-la digna_fw-la quae_fw-la cedro_fw-la simul_fw-la ac_fw-la cupresso_fw-la perpetuentur_fw-la thomas_n dranta_n bella_fw-la virosque_fw-la canit_fw-la sadlerus_fw-la tempora_fw-la belli_fw-la castra_n acies_fw-la fossas_fw-la spicula_fw-la tela_fw-la deuce_n perbellè_fw-la facit_fw-la be_v bellum_fw-la qui_fw-la rite_n repandit_n aurea_fw-la per_fw-la bellum_fw-la pax_fw-la solet_fw-la essere_fw-la dux_fw-la edocuit_fw-la bellum_fw-la bellum_fw-la deus_fw-la ipse_fw-la probavit_fw-la si_fw-la bellum_fw-la belli_fw-la tunc_fw-la probatilli_fw-la librum_fw-la sic_fw-la sadlere_fw-la tibi_fw-la multum_fw-la pax_fw-la bellaque_fw-la debent_fw-la sic_fw-la deus_fw-la &_o librum_fw-la te_fw-la probat_fw-la atque_fw-la tuum_fw-la thomas_n drante_n to_o write_v of_o peace_n be_v good_a to_o write_v of_o war_n be_v gay_a and_o good_a for_o god_n himself_o teach_v david_n hand_n to_o fray_v â–ª_o warre_n faughten_a right_n be_v good_a such_o war_n do_v sadler_n tell_v the_o fact_n he_o do_v be_v right_n the_o work_n he_o write_v be_v well_o in_o i_o sadlerum_n eiusque_fw-la versionem_fw-la gulielmus_fw-la jacobus_n dvra_fw-la quod_fw-la ut_fw-la nuper_fw-la nunc_fw-la non_fw-la sint_fw-la scripta_fw-la vegetâ—_n dic_fw-la cvius_fw-la study_v cvius_fw-la &_o ingenio_fw-la dic_fw-la mihi_fw-la quis_fw-la castris_fw-la anglus_fw-la quis_fw-la tantus_fw-la in_o armis_fw-la sic_fw-la quis_fw-la ad_fw-la arma_fw-la vocet_fw-la sic_fw-la sva_fw-la crastra_fw-la locet_fw-la dic_fw-la quis_fw-la tam_fw-la doctus_fw-la sic_fw-la explicat_fw-la omne_fw-la doctè_fw-la sic_fw-la aptè_fw-la loquor_fw-la sic_fw-la sva_fw-la bella_fw-la parrot_n denique_fw-la dic_fw-la quis_fw-la sit_fw-la sapienter_fw-la tempore_fw-la in_o isto_fw-la adfert_fw-la qui_fw-la patriae_fw-la commoda_fw-la tanta_fw-la svae_fw-la vnus_fw-la be_v èmultis_fw-la vel_fw-la dicam_fw-la ex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la unus_fw-la qui_fw-la facit_fw-la ut_fw-la durum_fw-la hoc_fw-la non_fw-la videatur_fw-la opus_fw-la qui_fw-la dedit_fw-la effigiem_fw-la belli_fw-la quasi_fw-la clarus_fw-la in_o armis_fw-la bella_fw-la paransisto_fw-la commodiora_fw-la modo_fw-la qui_fw-la docte_fw-la scripsit_fw-la posuit_fw-la nec_fw-la quid_fw-la nisi_fw-la rectè_fw-la qui_fw-la prudens_fw-la isto_fw-la tempore_fw-la bella_fw-la parrot_n est_fw-la be_v sadlerus_fw-la qui_fw-la sic_fw-la sentitque_fw-la sapitque_fw-la hec_fw-la fiunt_fw-la study_v cvius_fw-la &_o ingenio_fw-la in_o vegetium_fw-la quem_fw-la i.s._n anglicè_fw-la loquentem_fw-la fecit_fw-la gulielmi_n charci_n carmen_fw-la castra_n quid_fw-la &_o campi_fw-la possint_fw-la virtusque_fw-la dolusque_fw-la scripsit_fw-la vegetius_n nobile_fw-la martis_n opus_fw-la quas_fw-la habeant_fw-la art_n terrestria_fw-la praelia_fw-la scripsit_fw-la et_fw-la quae_fw-la neptuni_fw-la bella_fw-la geruntur_fw-la aquis_fw-la quas_fw-la teneant_fw-la equites_fw-la class_n peditesque_fw-la phalanges_fw-la et_fw-la qui_fw-la cvi_fw-la turmae_fw-la fortior_fw-la ordo_fw-la siet_fw-la ut_fw-la celeres_fw-la alae_fw-la possint_fw-la volitare_fw-la per_fw-la agros_fw-la ut_fw-la possis_fw-la cuneos_fw-la hostibus_fw-la incutere_fw-la ut_fw-la formas_fw-la formae_fw-la superent_fw-la utque_fw-la hostibus_fw-la host_n fortius_fw-la occurrant_fw-la agminaque_fw-la agminibus_fw-la haec_fw-la eadem_fw-la martis_n magna_fw-la ornamenta_fw-la potentis_fw-la aptum_fw-la opus_fw-la &_o gratum_fw-la terra_fw-la britanna_n tibi_fw-la sadlerus_fw-la sermon_n dedit_fw-la cultuque_fw-la britanno_n vtere_fw-la nam_fw-la rebus_fw-la maximus_fw-la usus_fw-la inest_fw-la william_n bulleyne_n the_o fruit_n of_o fearful_a war_n each_o wight_n may_v plain_o know_v it_o be_v the_o rod_n from_o god_n above_o to_o we_o that_o dwell_v below_o a_o blessing_n rich_a it_o be_v in_o deed_n where_o god_n do_v win_v the_o field_n or_o else_o a_o triple_a plague_n god_n wot_v to_o use_v the_o sword_n or_o shield_n by_o war_n most_o land_n &_o city_n great_a be_v win_v and_o still_o do_v stand_v by_o war_n navye_v and_o galley_n swift_a have_v gain_v many_o a_o land_n even_o so_o great_a fort_n and_o wall_a town_n by_o war_n overthrow_v sometime_o again_o the_o navye_v great_a in_o storm_n be_v overblow_v and_o captive_n great_a in_o bondage_n lead_v which_o never_o back_o return_n and_o bloody_a corpse_n in_o street_n lie_v dead_a the_o fire_n consume_v &_o burn_v the_o building_n fair_a and_o antique_n old_a in_o bed_n the_o child_n be_v slay_v the_o temple_n huge_a be_v cast_v a_o down_o nothing_o do_v else_o remain_v but_o hunger_n plague_n &_o bloody_a wound_n the_o mother_n her_o child_n do_v eaâ—e_v dung_n be_v dainty_a to_o hungry_a slave_n when_o they_o do_v die_v for_o meat_n why_o then_o fear_n god_n love_v well_o your_o prince_n esteem_v the_o man_n of_o war_n for_o they_o do_v guard_v each_o common_a wealth_n &_o chase_v thine_o enemy_n far_o geve_v peace_n good_a god_n in_o these_o our_o day_n for_o thou_o do_v for_o we_o fight_v preserve_v the_o church_n defend_v the_o queen_n and_o people_n day_n and_o night_n and_o sadler_n then_o for_o his_o reward_n dâ—e_a praise_n let_v he_o have_v take_v in_o good_a part_n his_o diligence_n else_o nothing_o do_v he_o crave_v the_o prince_n to_o chief_a rule_n the_o preacher_n to_o the_o word_n the_o lawyer_n
and_o coat_n of_o plate_n be_v more_o grevous_a than_o any_o kind_n of_o arrow_n when_o as_o unto_o those_o part_n which_o be_v whole_a and_o safe_a they_o do_v bring_v a_o deadly_a wound_n and_o without_o anoiance_n of_o blood_n the_o enemy_n be_v forthwith_o slay_v with_o the_o stroke_n of_o the_o stone_n very_a well_o know_v it_o be_v that_o in_o all_o battle_n of_o the_o old_a ancient_a man_n slinger_n have_v be_v allow_v and_o because_o to_o carry_v a_o sling_n be_v no_o labour_n at_o all_o every_o soldier_n therefore_o must_v often_o use_v this_o exercise_n for_o sometime_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o in_o stony_a place_n a_o skirmish_n may_v be_v have_v that_o some_o high_a ground_n or_o hill_n shall_v need_v defend_v that_o with_o stone_n and_o sling_n the_o foreign_a enemy_n must_v be_v drive_v from_o the_o assault_n of_o town_n and_o city_n ¶_o of_o the_o exercise_n of_o leaden_a plummet_n chapter_n xvij_o the_o exercise_n also_o of_o leaden_a of_o plummet_n which_o they_o call_v martiobarbulos_n as_o who_o say_v weapon_n of_o mars_n the_o god_n of_o battle_n shall_v be_v teach_v young_a soldier_n for_o not_o long_o ago_o in_o the_o illirian_a sea_n there_o be_v of_o late_a two_o legion_n to_o the_o number_a of_o six_o thousand_o who_o for_o that_o they_o handle_v these_o weapon_n manful_o and_o skilful_o be_v call_v martiobarbuli_n by_o these_o for_o a_o long_a space_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o all_o war_n be_v very_o valiant_o end_v in_o so_o much_o that_o till_o dioclesian_n and_o maximian_n be_v emperor_n it_o be_v think_v good_a that_o these_o aforesaid_a for_o their_o prowess_n and_o manhood_n deserve_v worthy_o to_o be_v name_v martiobarbuli_n joviarii_n and_o herculiam_n as_o who_o shall_v say_v the_o champion_n of_o mars_n jupiter_n and_o hercules_n and_o they_o by_o commandment_n be_v prefer_v before_o other_o legion_n and_o their_o use_n be_v to_o carry_v five_o of_o these_o kind_n of_o plummette_n within_o their_o till_n which_o if_o the_o soldier_n can_v handsome_o and_o convenient_o cast_v they_o that_o wre_v arm_v with_o till_n seem_v in_o a_o manner_n to_o do_v as_o good_a service_n as_o those_o they_o call_v archer_n for_o they_o wound_n the_o enemy_n and_o gall_v their_o horse_n before_o they_o can_v come_v not_o only_o to_o fight_v hand_n to_o hand_n but_o also_o to_o the_o stroke_n and_o danger_n of_o the_o dart_n ¶_o how_o young_a soldier_n shall_v be_v exercise_v to_o vault_n or_o mount_n on_o horse_n chapter_n xviij_o not_o only_o of_o the_o young_a soldier_n but_o also_o of_o stipendary_n soldier_n the_o vault_a of_o horse_n have_v always_o be_v straight_o look_v to_o which_o use_v very_o have_v continue_v to_o this_o our_o age_n although_o they_o will_v have_v it_o seem_v now_o as_o though_o it_o be_v not_o so_o ▪_o horse_n of_o wood_n in_o winter_n be_v set_v in_o a_o house_n in_o summer_n in_o the_o open_a field_n upon_o these_o the_o young_a sort_n be_v compel_v to_o mount_n at_o the_o first_o without_o armour_n until_o with_o use_n and_o exercise_n they_o can_v do_v indifferent_o well_o afterward_o in_o their_o harness_n they_o be_v force_v to_o do_v the_o same_o and_o so_o great_a regard_n be_v there_o hereof_o that_o they_o learn_v not_o only_o on_o the_o right_a side_n but_o also_o on_o the_o left_a both_o to_o get_v of_o and_o on_o yea_o even_o with_o draw_v sword_n or_o long_a pole_n in_o their_o hand_n and_o here_o be_v the_o commodity_n of_o this_o continual_a exercise_n that_o these_o which_o in_o peace_n have_v ply_v this_o practice_n so_o diligent_o when_o never_o so_o sudden_a a_o tumult_n be_v move_v in_o battle_n with_o the_o jest_n warn_v that_o can_v be_v can_v mount_n and_o horse_n themselves_o ¶_o that_o young_a soldier_n shall_v use_v to_o carry_v weight_o and_o burden_n chapter_n xix_o you_o shall_v often_o force_v the_o young_a soldier_n to_o take_v up_o a_o three_o score_n pound_n weight_n and_o to_o walk_v with_o the_o same_o a_o wont_a soldier_n space_n and_o needful_a be_v this_o for_o they_o who_o need_n oft_o compel_v in_o many_o a_o shrewd_a journey_n to_o carry_v victual_n and_o armour_n neither_o shall_v this_o be_v think_v a_o hard_a matter_n if_o great_a need_n so_o require_v for_o what_o can_v not_o daily_o exercise_v overcome_v and_o make_v at_o length_n very_o easy_a that_o this_o foresay_a kind_n of_o exercise_n the_o soldier_n of_o foretime_o have_v use_v the_o poet_n virgil_n witness_v in_o these_o word_n like_a as_o the_o roman_a fierce_a in_o arm_n like_a to_o his_o country_n guise_n which_o heavy_a burden_n on_o his_o back_n himself_o fast_o forward_o hyse_n and_o ready_a on_o his_o foe_n unwares_o do_v set_v in_o battle_n wise_a ¶_o what_o kind_n of_o armour_n soldier_n of_o old_a time_n be_v wont_a to_o use_v chapter_n twenty_o now_o be_v here_o fit_a place_n to_o show_v with_o what_o kind_n of_o armour_n and_o weapon_n the_o young_a soldier_n shall_v be_v furnish_v &_o fence_v but_o in_o this_o point_n the_o old_a custom_n be_v utter_o lay_v aside_o for_o although_o horseman_n in_o arm_n do_v good_a as_o we_o have_v of_o the_o gothians_n alane_n and_o hun_n for_o example_n yet_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o footman_n be_v naked_a and_o unarmed_a for_o after_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n be_v build_v unto_o worthy_a grecian_n time_n the_o army_n of_o footman_n be_v fence_v both_o with_o coarselette_n &_o head-piece_n but_o when_o the_o exercise_n of_o campus_n martius_n by_o negligence_n &_o slothfulness_n be_v give_v over_o and_o discontinue_v armour_n begone_v to_o seam_n heavy_a &_o be_v not_o wear_v oft_o of_o soldier_n therefore_o first_o they_o make_v a_o petition_n to_o the_o emperor_n that_o they_o may_v wear_v no_o more_o coarselette_n afterward_o that_o they_o may_v lay_v away_o their_o helmet_n and_o so_o when_o they_o shall_v go_v to_o fight_v against_o the_o gothians_n be_v naked_a of_o their_o breast_n &_o have_v nothing_o of_o their_o head_n they_o be_v oftentimes_o by_o the_o multitude_n of_o archer_n vanquish_v &_o overcome_v and_o notwithstanding_o so_o many_o misfortune_n which_o have_v happen_v even_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o so_o mighty_a and_o great_a city_n no_o man_n have_v regard_n as_o yet_o to_o restore_v again_o to_o the_o footman_n either_o their_o coarselette_n or_o head-piece_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o naked_a man_n in_o the_o forward_a in_o danger_n ever_o of_o wound_v have_v great_a mind_n of_o fly_v than_o they_o have_v of_o fight_v what_o can_v a_o archer_n on_o foot_n do_v without_o harness_n without_o head_n piece_n which_o can_v not_o hold_v his_o bow_n and_o buckler_n both_o together_o what_o shall_v the_o standard_n bearer_n do_v in_o battle_n advance_v the_o ensign_n with_o their_o left_a hand_n &_o have_v nothing_o to_o save_v their_o head_n or_o their_o breast_n marry_o a_o footman_n perchance_o which_o seldom_o do_v exercise_n &_o handle_v his_o armour_n will_v think_v a_o breastplate_n troublesome_a &_o heavy_a howbeit_o by_o daily_a use_n he_o may_v well_o enough_o away_o withal_o which_o though_o it_o bear_v heavy_a thing_n yet_o never_o complain_v but_o they_o which_o will_v not_o take_v pain_n to_o carry_v ancient_a armour_n for_o their_o furniture_n shall_v unfurnysh_v bear_v the_o blow_n away_o and_o catch_v their_o death_n wound_n and_o that_o which_o be_v a_o great_a grief_n and_o more_o shameful_a to_o be_v speak_v of_o either_o become_v captive_a or_o betray_v their_o common_a wealth_n by_o run_v away_o so_o that_o eschew_v exercise_n and_o labour_n with_o the_o great_a shame_n that_o can_v be_v they_o be_v slay_v like_o beast_n wherefore_o be_v a_o host_n of_o footman_n of_o our_o ancestor_n aforetime_o call_v a_o wall_n but_o because_o the_o legion_n beside_o their_o till_n arm_v with_o dart_n or_o other_o shot_n make_v a_o goodly_a glister_a show_n also_o with_o coarselette_n and_o head-piece_n in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o archer_n be_v fence_v on_o their_o left_a arm_n with_o splence_n or_o gauntelette_n footman_n that_o have_v till_n beside_o their_o coarselette_n and_o head_n piece_n be_v also_o constrain_v to_o harness_n their_o right_a leg_n and_o thus_o be_v they_o arm_v which_o fight_v in_o the_o forefront_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o be_v call_v principes_fw-la as_o who_o faith_n the_o first_o and_o foremost_a to_o peril_n and_o they_o in_o the_o second_o order_n which_o be_v call_v hastate_n that_o be_v to_o say_v spear_n man_n and_o they_o in_o the_o third_o order_n call_v triarii_n as_o who_o shall_v say_v of_o the_o rear_n ward_n ready_a in_o the_o third_o place_n to_o fight_v but_o these_o triarii_n be_v wont_a to_o stoop_v and_o keep_v they_o within_o the_o fence_n of_o their_o till_n jest_n stand_v up_o they_o may_v be_v wound_v
be_v chief_o get_v by_o exercise_n and_o practice_v especial_o if_o they_o fight_v near_o at_o hand_n with_o sword_n but_o this_o be_v more_o weighty_a and_o needful_a that_o they_o learn_v in_o their_o play_a exercise_n to_o keep_v their_o order_n and_o that_o in_o so_o great_a stir_n and_o throng_n be_v use_v to_o the_o like_a in_o these_o exercise_n wherein_o they_o be_v first_o train_v and_o enter_v they_o do_v wait_v upon_o their_o own_o banner_n and_o ensign_n and_o that_o among_o the_o well_o train_v and_o expert_a soldier_n there_o be_v no_o error_n or_o disordre_fw-fr commit_v although_o in_o the_o common_a sort_n there_o may_v be_v very_o great_a confusion_n it_o be_v also_o very_o good_a that_o the_o young_a soldier_n be_v exercise_v with_o some_o post_n or_o stake_n where_o they_o may_v learn_v to_o strike_v at_o the_o side_n the_o leg_n and_o head_n either_o with_o the_o thrust_v or_o with_o right_a down_o stroke_n let_v they_o also_o accustom_v to_o leap_v and_o strike_v together_o to_o vault_n against_o their_o shield_n as_o if_o they_o be_v dance_v and_o skypppe_v down_o again_o sometime_o to_o run_v forward_o skip_v and_o leap_v and_o fetch_n of_o gambold_n sometime_o to_o step_v away_o quick_o and_o leap_v back_o again_o let_v they_o exercise_v also_o to_o throw_v dart_n a_o far_o of_o at_o the_o post_n or_o stake_n that_o they_o both_o may_v be_v more_o cunning_a in_o cast_v straight_a and_o more_o nimble_a and_o quick_a with_o the_o right_a hand_n but_o the_o archer_n and_o slinger_n do_v set_v up_o some_o broom_n for_o a_o mark_n or_o bundle_n of_o shrub_n or_o straw_n that_o stand_v six_o hundred_o foot_n from_o the_o mark_n oftentimes_o they_o may_v hit_v it_o with_o their_o arrow_n or_o with_o their_o stone_n level_v out_o of_o a_o sling_a staff_n therefore_o more_o bold_o they_o do_v that_o in_o the_o battle_n which_o before_o they_o have_v exercise_v in_o sport_n in_o the_o field_n they_o must_v also_o at_o all_o time_n accustom_v themselves_o that_o they_o swing_v the_o sling_n but_o once_o about_o the_o head_n only_o when_o a_o stone_n be_v cast_v out_o of_o it_o and_o all_o the_o soldier_n do_v use_v with_o one_o hand_n to_o cast_v stone_n of_o a_o pound_n weight_n which_o exercise_n be_v think_v more_o ready_a because_o it_o need_v not_o a_o sling_n they_o be_v also_o compel_v always_o and_o with_o continual_a exercise_n to_o cast_v dart_n or_o leaden_a plummet_n in_o so_o much_o that_o for_o the_o horseman_n in_o winter_n season_n large_a gallery_n be_v cover_v with_o tile_n or_o shingle_n which_o be_v cliff_n of_o wood_n or_o if_o they_o do_v fail_v with_o read_v flag_n or_o stubble_n or_o else_o straw_n and_o also_o certain_a large_a place_n make_v for_o the_o footman_n and_o cover_v in_o like_a manner_n in_o the_o which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o storm_n wind_n or_o foul_a weather_n the_o army_n be_v instruct_v and_o exercise_v with_o armour_n and_o weapon_n under_o covert_n but_o the_o other_o day_n in_o winter_n if_o snow_n and_o rain_n do_v cease_v they_o be_v compel_v to_o exercise_v they_o abroad_o in_o the_o field_n jest_n if_o this_o custom_n shall_v be_v leave_v of_o the_o mind_n and_o also_o the_o body_n of_o the_o soldier_n may_v be_v weaken_v at_o be_v good_a also_o that_o they_o use_v often_o to_o cut_v down_o wood_n to_o carry_v burden_n to_o leap_v over_o ditch_n to_o swim_v in_o the_o sea_n or_o river_n to_o walk_v a_o good_a round_a pace_n or_o to_o run_v yea_o although_o they_o be_v load_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o armour_n &_o other_o burden_n that_o daily_a labour_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n â–ª_o might_n not_o seem_v hard_a or_o painful_a in_o time_n of_o war_n therefore_o like_v as_o the_o whole_a legion_n be_v exercise_v even_o so_o the_o aid_n ought_v to_o be_v exercise_v daily_o for_o like_a as_o a_o well_o tryan_v and_o exercise_v soldier_n desire_v the_o battle_n even_o so_o the_o unexpert_a and_o ignorant_a do_v fear_v the_o same_o last_o of_o all_o we_o must_v know_v that_o in_o fight_n use_v and_o experience_n do_v avail_v more_o than_o force_n for_o if_o the_o teach_n to_o handle_v weapon_n do_v cease_v and_o cunning_a in_o feat_n of_o arm_n be_v not_o regard_v than_o a_o country_n clown_n be_v as_o good_a as_o the_o best_a soldier_n ¶_o example_n of_o exhortation_n and_o the_o exercise_n in_o warlike_a affair_n take_v of_o other_o art_n and_o science_n chapter_n xxiiij_o the_o wrestler_n the_o hunter_n the_o carter_n common_o for_o a_o small_a reward_n yea_o for_o favour_n of_o the_o common_a people_n use_v to_o keep_v and_o increase_v their_o cunning_a and_o knowledge_n with_o daily_a exercise_n much_o more_o it_o behove_v a_o soldier_n by_o who_o manhood_n and_o valiantness_n the_o common_a wealth_n be_v defend_v and_o preserve_v perfect_o to_o know_v and_o by_o continual_a exercise_n to_o retain_v and_o keep_v the_o cunning_a in_o martial_a affair_n and_o feat_n of_o war_n to_o who_o often_o chance_v not_o only_o a_o glorious_a victory_n but_o also_o proy_v of_o great_a price_n and_o who_o also_o both_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n and_o the_o good_a judgement_n of_o the_o general_a will_v advance_v to_o wealth_n and_o honour_n the_o cunning_a stage_n player_n do_v not_o leave_v of_o their_o exercise_n look_v only_o for_o praise_n and_o commendation_n of_o the_o common_a people_n a_o soldier_n then_o choose_v and_o admit_v by_o a_o solemn_a oath_n whether_o he_o be_v a_o young_a soldier_n or_o a_o old_a ought_v not_o to_o cease_v discontinewe_v or_o be_v slack_a in_o the_o exercise_n of_o chivalry_n who_o must_v fight_v both_o for_o his_o own_o safety_n and_o also_o for_o the_o liberty_n and_o safeguard_n of_o his_o country_n especial_o see_v there_o be_v a_o old_a and_o wise_a say_n that_o all_o manner_n of_o science_n doâ—_n consist_v in_o continual_a study_n and_o exercise_v ¶_o a_o rehearsal_n of_o iron_n tool_n and_o other_o engine_n of_o the_o legion_n chapter_n xxv_o a_o army_n also_o common_o vanquish_v and_o conquer_v the_o enemy_n not_o only_o through_o the_o multitude_n of_o soldier_n but_o also_o through_o diverse_a kind_n of_o iron_n tool_n and_o other_o engine_n first_o of_o all_o it_o be_v furnish_v with_o shot_n which_o no_o coat_n armooure_n nor_o till_n be_v able_a to_o abide_v for_o in_o every_o century_n or_o hundred_o they_o use_v to_o have_v a_o field_n piece_n the_o which_o a_o mule_n be_v appoint_v to_o draw_v and_o the_o company_n of_o one_o pavilion_n that_o be_v to_o say_v xi_o man_n be_v assign_v to_o address_v and_o set_v forth_o the_o same_o for_o the_o great_a these_o piece_n be_v the_o further_a and_o more_o strong_o they_o shoot_v the_o pellet_n and_o they_o not_o only_o defend_v the_o camp_n but_o also_o in_o the_o field_n they_o be_v plant_v behind_o the_o battle_n of_o the_o complete_a arm_a man_n the_o brunt_n and_o violence_n whereof_o neither_o yâ—_n horseman_n with_o coat_n of_o fence_n neither_o footman_n with_o their_o shield_n be_v able_a to_o withstand_v and_o there_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v in_o one_o legion_n lv_o field_n piece_n also_o ten_o great_a piece_n call_v onagri_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o every_o cohort_n one_o and_o they_o be_v carry_v in_o tilt_v cart_n with_o two_o ox_n that_o if_o by_o chance_n the_o enemy_n come_v to_o assault_v the_o rampire_n and_o bulwark_n the_o camp_n may_v be_v defend_v with_o arrow_n and_o pellet_n the_o legion_n also_o do_v carry_v with_o it_o boat_n make_v hollow_a of_o one_o piece_n of_o timber_n with_o very_o long_a cord_n and_o sometime_o also_o with_o iron_n chain_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v join_v together_o as_o they_o say_v all_o of_o one_o piece_n of_o timber_n and_o board_n join_v together_o and_o lay_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o help_n of_o these_o both_o the_o footman_n and_o horseman_n safe_o pass_v over_o river_n which_o otherwise_o without_o bridge_n they_o can_v not_o pass_v over_o it_o have_v also_o iron_n clampe_v which_o they_o call_v lupos_fw-la and_o iron_n hook_v fasten_v to_o great_a long_a pole_n likewise_o it_o have_v for_o dispatch_v the_o work_n about_o the_o ditch_n and_o trench_n mattock_n spade_n shovel_n rake_n maunde_n basket_n chipax_n saw_n with_o the_o which_o stake_n and_o other_o stuff_n be_v square_v &_o sawen_z a_o sunder_o it_o have_v also_o artificer_n with_o all_o kind_n of_o iron_n tool_n which_o for_o the_o assault_n of_o the_o city_n of_o the_o enemy_n may_v make_v engine_n which_o they_o call_v testudines_fw-la and_o musculos_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v engine_n of_o war_n to_o beat_v down_o wall_n whereby_o they_o be_v defend_v which_o do_v approach_v the_o wall_n of_o a_o city_n besiege_v and_o arietes_n which_o be_v piece_n of_o ordinance_n
attend_v to_o their_o name_n and_o to_o their_o ensign_n let_v they_o practice_v daily_a the_o run_v of_o the_o field_n as_o they_o term_v it_o and_o the_o diligent_a behold_v of_o the_o handle_n of_o armour_n and_o weapon_n they_o must_v be_v hold_v very_o often_o to_o these_o exercise_n and_o that_o most_o part_n of_o the_o day_n even_o till_o they_o sweat_v again_o to_o shoot_v and_o to_o throw_v stone_n either_o with_o a_o sting_n or_o with_o the_o hand_n to_o wear_v armour_n that_o they_o may_v wield_v themselves_o in_o it_o to_o pitch_v the_o bar_n and_o with_o waster_n as_o though_o they_o shall_v fight_v with_o sword_n now_o with_o the_o point_n now_o with_o the_o edge_n to_o strike_v one_o at_o another_o also_o they_o must_v with_o like_a diligence_n be_v train_v in_o run_v &_o leap_v that_o they_o may_v skip_v over_o ditch_n if_o the_o sea_n or_o a_o river_n be_v nigh_o to_o their_o tent_n in_o summer_n time_n all_o tâ—e_z soldier_n shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o swim_v moreover_o to_o cut_v down_o wood_n to_o journey_n through_o bushy_a and_o shrubbye_v place_n to_o square_a timber_n to_o scour_v the_o trench_n to_o take_v and_o keep_v some_o place_n and_o to_o endeavour_n themselves_o with_o shield_n violent_o meet_v one_o â—nother_n that_o they_o be_v not_o beat_v from_o it_o by_o their_o own_o company_n in_o such_o wise_n the_o soldier_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v exercise_v and_o train_v at_o home_n whether_o they_o be_v of_o the_o legion_n or_o of_o y_fw-fr aid_n or_o of_o the_o horseman_n when_o they_o shall_v come_v from_o diverse_a place_n to_o take_v a_o voyage_n they_o must_v needs_o through_o a_o ambitious_a desire_n to_o try_v their_o manhood_n rather_o wish_v for_o war_n then_o for_o peace_n no_o man_n do_v take_v any_o thought_n for_o seditious_a stir_v which_o have_v any_o confidence_n in_o his_o cunning_a and_o strength_n but_o the_o captain_n ought_v to_o be_v circumspect_a if_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o troublesome_a or_o seditious_a soldier_n among_o all_o the_o legion_n or_o aid_n or_o troop_n of_o horseman_n that_o he_o may_v know_v they_o by_o the_o tribune_n deputye_n &_o principal_a man_n not_o for_o the_o ill_a will_n of_o the_o informer_n but_o for_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o same_o to_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o camp_n by_o some_o witty_a devise_n to_o do_v and_o accomplish_v some_o thing_n which_o even_o unto_o themselves_o may_v seem_v such_o as_o in_o a_o manner_n they_o will_v wish_v for_o or_o else_o let_v them*_n fortify_v and_o keep_v some_o hold_n and_o city_n *_o with_o such_o a_o preetye_n subtlety_n that_o whereas_o in_o deed_n they_o be_v reject_v and_o despise_v they_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v choose_v of_o purpose_n for_o a_o multitude_n do_v never_o burst_v out_o to_o disobedient_a stubborness_n with_o like_a agreement_n but_o they_o be_v stir_v up_o by_o a_o few_o which_o hope_v they_o may_v with_o a_o number_n offend_v free_o without_o punishment_n for_o their_o vice_n and_o wickedness_n if_o so_o be_v that_o extreme_a necessity_n shall_v require_v a_o remedy_n to_o be_v have_v therein_o the_o best_a way_n be_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o forefather_n to_o punish_v only_o the_o author_n and_o beginner_n of_o such_o fault_n that_o fear_n may_v come_v to_o all_o punishment_n to_o a_o few_o notwithstanding_o those_o captain_n be_v more_o worthy_a of_o praise_n who_o army_n labour_n and_o use_n have_v instruct_v to_o soberness_n and_o humility_n than_o they_o who_o soldier_n the_o fear_n of_o punishment_n do_v constrain_v to_o obedience_n ¶_o how_o many_o kind_n there_o be_v of_o ensign_n of_o war_n chapter_n .v._o many_o thing_n ought_v to_o be_v well_o learned_a and_o mark_v of_o they_o that_o fight_n for_o why_o negligence_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v pardon_v where_o as_o they_o fight_n for_o life_n and_o death_n but_o amongst_o other_o thing_n nothing_o be_v more_o profitable_a to_o the_o victory_n then_o to_o obey_v the_o warning_n of_o the_o ensign_n for_o when_o as_o in_o the_o hurly_a burly_a of_o battle_n a_o great_a number_n can_v be_v rule_v with_o one_o voice_n only_o and_o when_o as_o of_o very_a necessity_n many_o thing_n forthwith_o must_v be_v command_v and_o do_v the_o ancient_a use_n and_o experience_n of_o all_o nation_n have_v invent_v how_o the_o whole_a army_n by_o the_o ensign_n shall_v know_v and_o follow_v that_o which_o the_o only_o captain_n judge_v to_o be_v profitable_a and_o expedient_a there_o be_v therefore_o as_o it_o be_v manifest_a three_o kind_n of_o ensign_n one_o sort_n have_v voice_n which_o be_v call_v vocalia_fw-la another_o part_o have_v voice_n and_o part_o not_o which_o they_o call_v semiâ—ocalia_n the_o third_o without_o voice_n and_o they_o be_v call_v muta_fw-la of_o the_o which_o they_o that_o have_v voice_n and_o they_o that_o part_o have_v voice_n be_v perceive_v and_o know_v by_o the_o ear_n but_o the_o dumb_a without_o voice_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o eye_n vocalia_fw-la be_v say_v to_o be_v they_o which_o be_v pronounce_v with_o the_o voice_n of_o a_o man_n so_o that_o in_o the_o watcheâ—_n or_o in_o the_o battle_n it_o be_v account_v for_o a_o token_n as_o for_o example_n victory_n reward_n virtue_n god_n be_v with_o we_o the_o triumph_n of_o the_o emperor_n &_o such_o other_o whatsoever_o they_o will_v give_v which_o have_v the_o great_a authority_n and_o power_n in_o the_o army_n yet_o we_o must_v know_v that_o these_o word_n must_v every_o day_n be_v alter_v lest_o by_o use_v the_o enemy_n may_v know_v our_o token_n or_o watcheworde_n and_o searcher_n or_o spy_n may_v be_v amongst_o our_o man_n without_o danger_n and_o punishment_n simiâ—ocalia_n be_v call_v which_o be_v give_v by_o the_o trumpette_fw-it or_o the_o horn_n or_o the_o shawme_n the_o trumpet_n which_o be_v straight_o be_v call_v buccina_fw-la which_o be_v bow_v towards_o itself_o with_o a_o brassen_a circle_n the_o horn_n of_o the_o wild_a bull_n be_v bind_v with_o silver_n be_v best_a hear_v when_o it_o be_v moderate_v with_o art_n &_o the_o breath_n of_o he_o that_o blow_v it_o for_o by_o these_o with_o most_o certain_a &_o undoubted_a sound_n the_o army_n do_v know_v whether_o they_o ought_v to_o stay_v or_o go_v forward_o or_o certain_o to_o retire_v whether_o they_o shall_v follow_v the_o chase_n any_o long_a way_n or_o sound_v the_o retreat_n muta_fw-la signa_fw-la be_v the_o eagle_n dragon_n banner_n red_a penoâ—celles_v red_a scarf_n feather_n crest_n of_o helmet_n for_o whether_o soever_o the_o leader_n shall_v command_v these_o to_o be_v carry_v thither_o of_o necessity_n must_v all_o the_o soldier_n go_v follow_v and_o wait_v upon_o their_o own_o ensign_n there_o be_v also_o dumb_a sign_n which_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o war_n do_v command_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o horse_n in_o garment_n and_o also_o in_o the_o very_a armour_n to_o the_o intent_n the_o enemy_n may_v be_v know_v from_o their_o own_o company_n moreover_o he_o signify_v some_o thing_n with_o his_o hand_n or_o after_o the_o cruel_a manner_n of_o rude_a and_o strange_a people_n with_o a_o whip_n or_o else_o with_o move_a or_o stir_v his_o apparel_n which_o he_o have_v on_o all_o which_o thing_n all_o the_o soldier_n shall_v acknowledge_v both_o to_o follow_v and_o understand_v in_o their_o place_n in_o journey_n in_o all_o manner_n exercise_v of_o the_o camp_n for_o continual_a use_n of_o that_o thing_n be_v necessary_a in_o time_n of_o peace_n which_o in_o the_o confusion_n and_o trouble_n of_o y_fw-es battle_n shall_v be_v keep_v also_o there_o be_v a_o dumb_a and_o common_a â—igne_n as_o often_o as_o in_o the_o go_a of_o a_o multitude_n the_o dust_n stir_v up_o rise_v like_o cloud_n and_o do_v bewray_v the_o come_n of_o the_o enemy_n likewise_o if_o army_n be_v divide_v the_o flame_n of_o fire_n in_o the_o night_n and_o in_o the_o day_n time_n the_o smoke_n do_v signify_v unto_o their_o fellow_n that_o which_o by_o no_o other_o mean_n can_v be_v show_v sometime_o they_o do_v hang_v out_o beam_n in_o the_o turrettes_n of_o city_n which_o other_o while_n be_v raise_v up_o and_o other_o while_n let_v down_o do_v declare_v what_o thing_n be_v do_v ¶_o how_o great_a subtlety_n ought_v to_o be_v use_v when_o a_o army_n be_v remove_v the_o enemy_n be_v nigh_o chapter_n uj_o they_o which_o with_o great_a diligence_n have_v learn_v the_o feat_n of_o war_n do_v affirm_v that_o more_o peril_n be_v wont_v to_o happen_v in_o journey_n then_o in_o y_fw-fr very_o battle_n itself_o for_o in_o join_v together_o of_o the_o battle_n all_o the_o soldier_n be_v arm_v and_o see_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o face_n and_o come_v with_o courage_n to_o fight_v against_o he_o but_o in_o the_o journey_n a_o soldier_n be_v
nevertheless_o those_o camp_n be_v think_v fair_a which_o be_v long_a by_o the_o third_o part_n than_o they_o be_v broad_a but_o they_o that_o view_n and_o survey_v the_o field_n ought_v so_o to_o measure_v every_o foot_n thereof_o that_o the_o army_n may_v be_v compact_v accord_v to_o the_o number_a of_o the_o same_o for_o if_o the_o camp_n be_v narrow_a they_o in_o the_o forefront_n hem_v it_o in_o to_o straight_o and_o if_o it_o be_v to_o broad_a they_o scatter_v far_o than_o they_o shall_v do_v there_o be_v three_o way_n whereby_o they_o say_v a_o camp_n may_v be_v fortify_v the_o first_o they_o say_v be_v some_o what_o sleight_n serve_v they_o one_o night_n only_o while_o they_o be_v in_o their_o journey_n that_o be_v to_o dig_v up_o turf_n and_o to_o lay_v they_o in_o order_n round_o about_o the_o camp_n upon_o heap_n and_o above_o they_o in_o good_a order_n to_o make_v a_o pale_a i_o mean_v to_o set_v stake_n there_o or_o brier_n and_o brambles_n a_o turf_n it_o cut_v of_o earth_n that_o contain_v both_o the_o grass_n the_o root_n &_o the_o earth_n also_o and_o be_v cut_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n with_o a_o iron_n spade_n or_o such_o like_a it_o be_v make_v half_o a_o foot_n deep_a a_o foot_n broad_a a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a long_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o the_o ground_n be_v so_o sandy_a that_o after_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o brick_n a_o turf_n can_v not_o be_v cut_v up_o than_o every_o man_n must_v set_v to_o his_o help_a hand_n to_o the_o make_n of_o a_o ditch_n which_o must_v be_v five_o foot_n broad_a and_o three_o foot_n deep_a in_o the_o inner_a side_n whereof_o a_o rampire_n must_v be_v raise_v so_o that_o the_o army_n may_v take_v their_o rest_n without_o fear_n but_o if_o the_o camp_n remain_v in_o one_o place_n then_o whether_o it_o be_v summer_n or_o winter_n if_o so_o be_v the_o enemy_n be_v at_o hand_n it_o must_v with_o great_a care_n and_o labour_n be_v fortify_v for_o every_o hundred_o have_v their_o station_n appoint_v out_o by_o the_o captain_n and_o general_n of_o the_o field_n which_o they_o take_v and_o keep_v they_o unto_o and_o lay_v of_o their_o shield_n &_o fardel_n about_o their_o own_o ensign_n â—hey_a gird_n their_o sword_n unto_o they_o &_o cast_v a_o trench_n about_o the_o army_n of_o ix_o foot_n or_o xi_o or_o xiii_o foot_n broad_a or_o else_o if_o they_o fear_v a_o great_a power_n of_o enemy_n xvii_o foot_n broad_a for_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n always_o to_o observe_v a_o odd_a number_a than_o they_o raise_v up_o a_o rampire_n and_o hedge_n it_o about_o or_o else_o drive_v stake_n into_o it_o &_o bow_n of_o tree_n lest_o you_o earth_n shall_v slide_v a_o way_n upon_o the_o which_o rampire_n they_o make_v battilmente_n and_o fortress_n even_o as_o they_o do_v upon_o a_o stone_n wall_n the_o captain_n do_v measure_n out_o this_o work_n with_o pole_n or_o perchy_n ten_o foot_n long_o lest_o any_o man_n shall_v dig_v less_o than_o he_o ought_v or_o else_o through_o his_o fellow_n negligence_n shall_v dig_v out_o of_o square_a the_o tribune_n also_o oversee_v this_o work_n neither_o do_v they_o depart_v if_o they_o be_v good_a &_o diligent_a in_o their_o office_n before_o that_o all_o be_v finish_v now_o lest_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o sudden_a invasion_n on_o they_o that_o labour_n all_o the_o horseman_n &_o part_n of_o y_fw-es footman_n which_o do_v not_o work_v by_o reason_n of_o prerogative_n of_o dignity_n do_v stand_v arm_v in_o readiness_n before_o the_o trench_n that_o they_o may_v withstand_v the_o enemy_n invade_v they_o therefore_o within_o y_fw-es camp_n y_fw-es standard_n be_v first_o set_v in_o their_o place_n because_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o to_o be_v have_v in_o reverence_n of_o the_o soldier_n they_o y_fw-mi majesty_n of_o y_fw-es same_o the_o pavilion_n call_v praetorium_n be_v prepare_v for_o y_fw-es chief_n captain_n and_o his_o company_n other_o tent_n be_v pitch_v for_o the_o tribune_n unto_o who_o water_n wood_n forage_n be_v minister_v by_o certain_a company_n assign_v to_o those_o charge_n then_o accord_v to_o their_o degree_n be_v place_n appoint_v in_o the_o camp_n for_o the_o legion_n aide_n horseman_n and_o footman_n wherein_o they_o may_v pitch_v their_o pavilion_n and_o there_o be_v choose_v of_o every_o hundred_o four_o horseman_n and_o four_o footman_n which_o do_v keep_v the_o watch_n by_o night_n and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o seem_v unpossible_a or_o a_o very_a hard_a thing_n in_o the_o watch_n tower_n for_o every_o one_o to_o continue_v watch_v all_o the_o whole_a night_n therefore_o the_o watch_n be_v divide_v by_o a_o hour_n glass_n into_o four_o part_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v need_n for_o noon_n to_o watch_v more_o than_o three_o hour_n in_o the_o night_n the_o watch_n be_v begin_v by_o a_o trumpeter_n and_o after_o the_o hour_n be_v end_v they_o be_v call_v away_o again_o by_o a_o blower_n of_o a_o horn_n but_o for_o all_o this_o the_o tribune_n do_v choose_v and_o pike_n out_o fit_n and_o try_a man_n which_o may_v go_v about_o the_o watch_n and_o show_v if_o any_o fault_n may_v appear_v who_o they_o call_v circuitores_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v searcher_n of_o the_o watch_n now_o be_v these_o make_v a_o certain_a degree_n in_o the_o war_n and_o be_v call_v circitores_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v officer_n go_v about_o to_o see_v good_a rule_n in_o the_o night_n yet_o we_o must_v know_v that_o the_o horseman_n ought_v to_o watch_v without_o the_o trench_n and_o bulwark_n but_o every_o day_n time_n after_o the_o camp_n be_v pitchte_v they_o do_v use_v to_o take_v order_n for_o ward_n and_o posthorse_n some_o in_o the_o morning_n some_o after_o noon_n for_o weare_v of_o the_o man_n and_o horse_n among_o the_o chief_a and_o special_a point_n it_o behove_v the_o captain_n whether_o he_o remain_v in_o the_o camp_n or_o in_o a_o city_n to_o provide_v that_o feed_n for_o the_o cattle_n convey_v of_o grain_n &_o other_o kind_n the_o carriage_n of_o water_n wood_n and_o forage_v be_v make_v assure_v and_o without_o danger_n from_o the_o invasion_n of_o their_o enemy_n which_o thing_n otherwise_o can_v not_o come_v to_o pass_v except_o in_o meet_v and_o convenient_a place_n by_o which_o the_o provision_n of_o our_o victual_n must_v pass_v there_o be_v set_v and_o dispose_v place_n of_o refuge_n and_o succour_n whether_o they_o be_v city_n or_o defence_a castle_n if_o so_o be_v that_o any_o old_a munition_n be_v not_o find_v there_o must_v hasty_o be_v make_v sure_a fortress_n compass_v about_o with_o great_a ditch_n for_o the_o word_n fortress_n be_v so_o name_v be_v derive_v of_o this_o word_n fort_n as_o who_o say_v a_o little_a fort_n or_o castle_n within_o the_o which_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o horseman_n and_o footman_n continue_v have_v charge_n to_o watch_v and_o attend_v for_o the_o same_o do_v conduct_v and_o make_v safe_a the_o way_n for_o the_o conveyance_n of_o victual_n for_o the_o enemy_n dare_v scarce_o adventure_v to_o come_v to_o those_o place_n in_o which_o he_o know_v his_o adversary_n to_o abide_v both_o before_o &_o behind_o ¶_o what_o manner_n and_o how_o great_a thing_n shall_v be_v consider_v to_o understand_v whether_o we_o ought_v to_o fight_v with_o skirmish_v and_o lie_v in_o wait_n or_o with_o open_a battle_n chap._n ix_o whosoever_o will_v vouchsafe_v to_o read_v these_o bridgement_n brief_o gather_v out_o of_o the_o most_o expert_a and_o try_a author_n he_o covet_v quick_o to_o hear_v the_o law_n or_o manner_n of_o a_o field_n fight_a and_o the_o precept_n of_o rule_n of_o fight_v but_o a_o open_a or_o a_o set_a battle_n be_v soon_o determine_v by_o the_o trial_n of_o two_o or_o three_o hour_n space_n after_o that_o all_o hope_n of_o the_o side_n which_o be_v overcome_v do_v once_o begin_v to_o fall_v &_o decay_n therefore_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v think_v on_o &_o assay_v before_o that_o it_o come_v to_o the_o uttermost_a &_o last_o break_v of_o for_o good_a captain_n do_v not_o assay_v the_o field_n with_o open_a battle_n where_o ensue_v common_a danger_n to_o all_o but_o always_o close_o and_o privy_o that_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o may_v destroy_v or_o at_o the_o least_o terrify_v their_o enemy_n their_o own_o soldier_n be_v yet_o fresh_a and_o lusty_a concern_v which_o part_n i_o will_v declare_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v very_o necessary_a which_o i_o have_v gather_v out_o of_o old_a writer_n the_o chief_a art_n and_o commodity_n of_o the_o captain_n be_v oftentimes_o to_o debate_n &_o entreat_v of_o his_o own_o power_n and_o also_o if_o his_o enemy_n power_n take_v unto_o he_o throughout_o all_o his_o army_n expert_a and_o cunning_a man_n of_o war_n and_o
geve_v thassaulte_v as_o well_o as_o any_o wall_n ¶_o of_o portcluse_n and_o how_o gate_n may_v be_v safe_a from_o burn_v chapter_n four_o moreover_o we_o must_v take_v heed_n lest_o the_o gate_n be_v burn_v with_o fire_n for_o the_o which_o cause_n they_o shall_v be_v cover_v with_o leather_n and_o iron_n but_o that_o be_v more_o profitable_a which_o in_o the_o old_a time_n have_v be_v invent_v that_o before_o the_o gate_n there_o shall_v be_v a_o fortress_n in_o the_o enter_v whereof_o be_v a_o perculle_n hang_v with_o ring_n of_o iron_n and_o rope_n that_o if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v enter_v in_o the_o same_o be_v let_v down_o they_o may_v be_v enclose_v and_o destroy_v and_o the_o wall_n above_o the_o gate_n must_v so_o be_v make_v with_o hole_n that_o we_o may_v power_n down_o water_n and_o quench_v the_o fire_n underneath_o ¶_o of_o make_v ditch_n chapter_n .v._o but_o the_o ditch_n before_o the_o city_n must_v be_v make_v very_o deep_a and_o very_o broad_a that_o they_o may_v not_o easy_o be_v make_v even_o and_o fill_v of_o the_o besieger_n and_o that_o the_o water_n run_v over_o may_v stop_v the_o undermine_v of_o the_o enemy_n for_o two_o manner_n of_o way_n be_v undermine_v let_v either_o with_o the_o deepness_n of_o the_o ditch_n or_o overflow_a ¶_o how_o to_o keep_v they_o which_o stand_v on_o the_o wall_n harmless_a from_o the_o arrow_n of_o the_o enemy_n chapter_n uj_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v sometime_o lest_o that_o many_o archer_n drive_v the_o defender_n down_o may_v sudden_o take_v the_o wall_n therefore_o it_o shall_v be_v good_a to_o have_v in_o the_o city_n complette_n harnis_fw-la and_o store_n of_o shield_n moreover_o mantils_n cloak_n and_o heareclothe_n may_v be_v hang_v before_o they_o and_o so_o receive_v the_o shot_n of_o arrow_n for_o the_o head_n of_o the_o arrow_n can_v easy_o pierce_v through_o that_o which_o yield_v and_o wave_v to_o and_o fro_o there_o be_v also_o a_o remedy_n find_v to_o make_v hurdle_n of_o wood_n call_v metellae_fw-la and_o to_o fille_fw-fr they_o with_o stone_n and_o to_o set_v they_o between_o two_o battlement_n so_o cunning_o that_o if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v climb_v up_o by_o ladder_n and_o touch_v any_o part_n of_o they_o the_o stone_n may_v turn_v upon_o their_o head_n ¶_o by_o what_o mean_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v foresee_v that_o they_o that_o be_v besiege_v be_v not_o famish_v chapter_n vij_o there_o be_v many_o kind_n of_o defend_v and_o assault_v of_o city_n which_o we_o will_v speak_v of_o in_o place_n convenient_a now_o we_o must_v know_v that_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o besiege_v one_o when_o the_o enemy_n appoint_v his_o man_n in_o due_a place_n do_v with_o continual_a assault_n assail_v the_o besiege_v the_o other_o when_o as_o he_o keep_v they_o from_o water_n or_o trust_v that_o they_o will_v yield_v through_o famishement_n have_v stop_v all_o victual_n from_o come_v to_o they_o for_o by_o this_o devise_n he_o himself_o be_v quiet_a and_o safe_a do_v weary_a his_o enemy_n against_o which_o chance_n the_o town_n man_n upon_o small_a suspicion_n of_o their_o enemy_n ought_v most_o diligent_o to_o place_n within_o the_o wall_n all_o kind_n of_o food_n whereby_o man_n may_v live_v to_o the_o intent_n that_o they_o themselves_o may_v have_v abundance_n &_o their_o enemy_n through_o need_n compel_v to_o raise_v their_o siege_n and_o not_o only_a pork_n or_o bacon_n but_o also_o all_o kind_n of_o flesh_n that_o may_v be_v preserve_v close_o aught_o to_o be_v lay_v up_o that_o through_o the_o help_n of_o flesh_n grain_n may_v suffice_v and_o pulleyn_n likewise_o in_o a_o city_n may_v be_v keep_v without_o charge_n and_o for_o such_o as_o be_v sick_a very_o necessary_a especial_o fodder_n must_v be_v get_v in_o for_o horse_n and_o such_o as_o can_v not_o be_v bring_v in_o must_v be_v burn_v likewise_o of_o wine_n vinegar_n and_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o grain_n or_o fruit_n great_a store_n must_v be_v lay_v up_o and_o nothing_o that_o may_v be_v profitable_a to_o they_o aught_o to_o be_v leave_v for_o the_o enemy_n garden_n also_o both_o for_o the_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n of_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v neglect_v in_o the_o grasseplote_v and_o yard_n of_o house_n but_o it_o do_v little_a profit_n to_o have_v gather_v much_o together_o except_o from_o the_o beginning_n the_o delivery_n or_o distribution_n be_v moderate_v by_o such_o convenient_a overseer_n as_o have_v charge_n thereof_o with_o a_o good_a &_o profitable_a measure_n of_o the_o same_o for_o they_o be_v never_o in_o danger_n of_o famine_n which_o use_v in_o time_n of_o plenty_n to_o keep_v sobriety_n and_o moderation_n in_o spend_v also_o the_o youth_n and_o woman_n which_o be_v unfit_a for_o war_n many_o time_n be_v thrust_v forth_o forth_o want_v of_o victual_n lest_o scarcity_n uppresse_v the_o soldier_n by_o who_o the_o city_n often_o have_v be_v defend_v and_o keep_v ¶_o what_o kind_n of_o thing_n must_v be_v prepare_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o wall_n chapter_n eight_o it_o be_v convenient_a that_o there_o be_v prepare_v to_o set_v the_o engine_n of_o the_o enemy_n or_o fire_n such_o thing_n as_o be_v apt_a to_o burn_v rosin_n brimstone_n clear_a pitch_n without_o dregs_n oil_n call_v incendiarium_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v ready_a to_o set_v any_o thing_n on_o fire_n iron_n of_o both_o temper_n to_o make_v armour_n and_o weapon_n and_o coal_n ought_v to_o be_v save_v in_o store_n house_n wood_n also_o for_o spear_n staff_n and_o arrow_n must_v be_v lay_v up_o in_o store_n round_o stone_n out_o of_o river_n which_o for_o their_o roundness_n be_v somewhat_o heavy_a and_o meet_v for_o the_o caster_n must_v be_v gather_v most_o diligent_o with_o the_o which_o the_o wall_n and_o tower_n shall_v be_v fill_v the_o jest_n stone_n of_o all_o be_v to_o throw_v with_o sling_n or_o slingestave_n or_o else_o with_o the_o hand_n the_o great_a stone_n be_v shoot_v with_o the_o gun_n but_o the_o great_a of_o all_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o weight_n &_o roll_a fashion_n must_v be_v lay_v in_o fortress_n that_o they_o be_v throw_v down_o headlong_o upon_o a_o sudden_a may_v not_o only_o overwhelm_v the_o enemy_n underneath_o but_o also_o may_v break_v their_o engine_n also_o mighty_a great_a wheel_n must_v be_v frame_v of_o green_a wood_n or_o ruler_n cut_v of_o very_o strong_a tree_n which_o they_o call_v taleae_n must_v be_v make_v smooth_a that_o they_o may_v roll_v which_o slide_v down_o do_v overthrow_v the_o soldier_n with_o the_o sudden_a vehemency_n and_o make_v the_o horse_n sore_o afraid_a there_o must_v be_v also_o in_o readiness_n beam_n &_o trasinge_n or_o board_n and_o nail_n and_o pin_n of_o iron_n of_o diverse_a quantity_n for_o such_o engine_n of_o the_o enemy_n must_v be_v hinder_v by_o other_o like_a special_o when_o as_o the_o wall_n or_o fortress_n upon_o a_o sudden_a shall_v have_v need_n to_o be_v make_v high_a lest_o the_o movable_a tower_n of_o the_o enemy_n shall_v rise_v above_o they_o and_o so_o take_v the_o city_n ¶_o what_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v if_o store_n of_o string_n or_o cord_n do_v fail_v chapter_n ix_o it_o be_v also_o expedient_a to_o gather_v very_o diligent_o good_a store_n of_o string_n or_o sinew_n for_o as_o much_o as_o you_o ordinance_n which_o be_v call_v onager_fw-la and_o balista_n and_o other_o like_a except_o they_o be_v bend_v and_o draw_v with_o cord_n or_o sinew_n avail_v nothing_o notwithstanding_o the_o big_a hair_n of_o the_o tail_n or_o mane_n of_o horse_n be_v think_v good_a for_o the_o lesser_a artillery_n but_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n most_o certain_a and_o have_v be_v try_v in_o the_o roman_n need_v that_o woman_n hair_n in_o such_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n be_v no_o less_o profitable_a for_o in_o the_o long_a siege_n of_o capitolium_fw-la the_o chief_a castle_n of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n their_o artillery_n be_v mar_v with_o the_o continual_a and_o wearisome_a fight_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o cord_n or_o string_n fail_v they_o the_o matron_n of_o rome_n cut_v their_o hair_n from_o their_o head_n &_o bring_v it_o to_o their_o husband_n as_o they_o be_v fight_v &_o so_o repair_v their_o engine_n they_o drive_v back_o the_o force_n of_o their_o enemy_n for_o those_o honest_a and_o chasteâ—weomen_n rather_o choose_v with_o head_n for_o a_o time_n disfigure_v to_o live_v at_o liberty_n with_o their_o husband_n then_o with_o all_o theâ—_z trim_v to_o be_v subject_n to_o their_o enemy_n it_o be_v also_o good_a to_o get_v together_o horn_n &_o raw_a hide_n for_o the_o cover_n of_o complete_a armour_n and_o other_o engine_n and_o munitioâ—s_n ¶_o what_o shall_v be_v do_v that_o the_o besiege_a lack_n not_o water_n chapter_n ten_o it_o be_v a_o great_a
may_v set_v man_n into_o the_o town_n for_o in_o the_o low_a part_n it_o have_v the_o ram_n with_o the_o violence_n of_o which_o it_o beat_v down_o the_o wall_n about_o the_o middle_n it_o have_v a_o bridge_n make_v of_o two_o beam_n and_o hedge_v with_o rod_n which_o may_v quick_o be_v bring_v forth_o &_o set_v between_o the_o tower_n and_o the_o wall_n &_o the_o man_n of_o war_n go_v by_o the_o same_o out_o of_o the_o engine_n pass_v over_o into_o the_o city_n &_o take_v the_o wall_n in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o same_o tower_n be_v place_v pikeman_n and_o archer_n which_o from_o a_o high_a may_v overthrow_v the_o defender_n of_o the_o city_n with_o pike_n arrow_n and_o stone_n which_o be_v do_v the_o city_n be_v take_v without_o delay_n for_o what_o help_n do_v remain_v when_o as_o they_o which_o do_v trust_v to_o the_o height_n of_o their_o wall_n sudden_o behold_v above_o they_o a_o wall_n of_o their_o enemy_n high_a than_o they_o ¶_o how_o the_o movable_a tower_n may_v be_v set_v on_o fire_n chap._n xviii_o this_o evident_a and_o apparent_a danger_n many_o way_n may_v be_v resist_v first_o if_o your_o soldier_n be_v strong_a &_o bold_a a_o number_n may_v issue_v forth_o together_o and_o drive_v away_o the_o enemy_n pull_v of_o the_o leather_n and_o set_a fire_n on_o the_o tower_n if_o so_o be_v that_o they_o dare_v not_o issue_v forth_o let_v they_o discharge_v the_o great_a artillery_n and_o such_o as_o they_o call_v malleoli_fw-la &_o phalaricae_n with_o fire_n shot_n that_o rent_v the_o hide_n or_o tyltclothe_n a_o sunder_o the_o flame_n may_v be_v hide_v inward_o malleoli_fw-la be_v as_o it_o be_v arrow_n which_o burn_v all_o where_o they_o light_v but_o phalarica_fw-la after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o javelin_n have_v a_o strong_a head_n of_o iron_n and_o between_o the_o hollowness_n or_o pipe_n thereof_o and_o the_o staff_n it_o be_v wrap_v round_o about_o with_o brimstone_n rosin_n pitch_n &_o tow_n soak_a in_o oil_n apt_a to_o burn_v the_o which_o be_v discharge_v level_a with_o the_o violence_n of_o your_o artillery_n break_v the_o cover_v and_o sâ—ickinge_v in_o the_o wood_n oftentimes_o burn_v the_o whole_a turret_n also_o you_o may_v let_v down_o man_n with_o roope_n when_o your_o enemy_n be_v a_o sâ—eape_n &_o with_o lantern_n privy_o hide_v burn_v theit_z engine_n and_o then_o pull_v they_o up_o again_o ¶_o how_o you_o may_v make_v your_o wall_n high_o chap._n nineteeen_o that_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n to_o the_o which_o the_o engine_n come_v may_v be_v make_v high_o either_o with_o mortar_n and_o stone_n or_o with_o clay_n or_o brick_n or_o with_o bard_n and_o plank_n and_o so_o shall_v not_o the_o defender_n â—e_z oppress_v with_o the_o height_n of_o the_o turret_n and_o the_o turret_n be_v to_o low_a shall_v serve_v to_o no_o use_n but_o they_o that_o besiege_v town_n use_v oftentimes_o this_o policy_n first_o they_o build_v such_o a_o tower_n as_o may_v seem_v low_a than_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n afterward_o they_o make_v another_o little_a tower_n within_o of_o bourde_n and_o plank_n and_o when_o the_o tower_n be_v join_v to_o the_o wall_n sudden_o they_o put_v forth_o that_o little_a turret_n with_o roope_n and_o pullye_n out_o of_o the_o which_o the_o arm_a man_n go_v forth_o because_o it_o be_v high_a than_o the_o wall_n straight_o way_n take_v the_o city_n ¶_o by_o what_o mean_v the_o earth_n may_v be_v dig_v that_o the_o engine_n can_v do_v no_o harm_n chap._n xx_o sometime_o they_o do_v set_v long_o beam_n head_v with_o iron_n against_o the_o come_n of_o the_o engine_n and_o so_o keep_v of_o the_o same_o from_o the_o wall_n but_o when_o as_o the_o city_n of_o rhodes_n be_v besiege_v by_o enemy_n and_o they_o have_v make_v a_o tower_n with_o wheel_n above_o the_o height_n of_o all_o the_o wall_n and_o tower_n this_o remedy_n be_v invent_v by_o the_o wit_n of_o a_o certain_a craft_n man_n in_o the_o night_n he_o undermine_v the_o wall_n and_o that_o place_n to_o the_o which_o the_o day_n after_o the_o tower_n shall_v be_v remove_v he_o make_v hollow_a within_o cast_v out_o the_o earth_n none_o of_o the_o enemy_n perceive_v it_o so_o that_o when_o that_o great_a frame_n be_v drive_v and_o force_v forward_o with_o the_o wheel_n and_o come_v to_o the_o place_n which_o underneath_o be_v make_v hollow_a before_o straight_o way_n it_o sink_v the_o ground_n yield_n to_o so_o great_a a_o weight_n so_o that_o it_o can_v not_o come_v near_o in_o wall_n nor_o be_v move_v any_o further_a and_o by_o this_o mean_a the_o city_n be_v deliver_v and_o the_o engine_n leave_v behind_o ¶_o of_o ladder_n and_o the_o frame_n of_o timber_n with_o rope_n of_o the_o bridge_n and_o of_o the_o sweape_n chap._n xxj_o vuhen_n the_o tower_n come_v to_o the_o wall_n by_o all_o mean_v possible_a they_o drive_v the_o enemy_n from_o the_o wall_n with_o stone_n dart_n arrow_n pellet_n &_o such_o like_a this_o be_v do_v and_o ladder_n set_v to_o the_o wall_n they_o take_v the_o city_n but_o they_o which_o do_v scale_v the_o wall_n with_o ladder_n many_o time_n sustain_v peril_n and_o danger_n after_o the_o example_n of_o capaneus_n by_o who_o this_o manner_n of_o assault_n with_o ladder_n be_v say_v to_o be_v first_o invent_v who_o be_v slay_v with_o so_o great_a violence_n by_o the_o theban_n that_o he_o be_v think_v to_o be_v destroy_v with_o thunder_n and_o therefore_o the_o besieger_n do_v enter_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o enemy_n with_o these_o engine_n call_v sambuca_fw-la exostra_fw-la and_o tolleno_fw-it that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o frame_n of_o timber_n &_o roope_n a_o bridge_n and_o a_o sweape_n sambuca_fw-la be_v call_v after_o the_o similitude_n of_o a_o harp_n for_o like_a as_o in_o a_o harp_n there_o be_v string_n so_o in_o the_o beam_n which_o be_v next_o the_o tower_n be_v roope_n which_o do_v lose_v and_o set_v at_o liberty_n the_o bridge_n with_o pullye_n from_o the_o upper_a part_n that_o it_o may_v go_v upon_o the_o wall_n and_o straight_o way_n the_o man_n of_o war_n issue_n out_o of_o the_o tower_n onâ—_n go_v over_o upon_o it_o do_v invade_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n exostra_fw-la be_v that_o bridge_n which_o we_o speak_v of_o before_o which_o sudden_o be_v stretch_v forth_o of_o the_o tower_n unto_o the_o wall_n tolleno_fw-it be_v this_o when_o a_o beam_n be_v set_v fast_o and_o deep_a upon_o the_o earth_n upon_o the_o which_o in_o the_o high_a top_n another_o beam_n be_v join_v overthwart_o long_o by_o the_o one_o half_a in_o measure_n so_o equal_o that_o when_o you_o pull_v down_o the_o one_o end_n the_o other_o rise_v up_o in_o the_o one_o end_n of_o this_o with_o hurdle_n and_o board_n be_v make_v room_n for_o a_o few_o man_n to_o stand_v in_o then_o pull_v the_o one_o end_n down_o with_o roope_n you_o lift_v up_o the_o other_o end_n &_o so_o set_v your_o man_n upon_o the_o wall_n ¶_o of_o the_o lesser_a kind_n of_o ordinance_n call_v balista_n of_o the_o great_a name_v onager_fw-la of_o that_o which_o be_v call_v scorpio_n of_o crossbow_n call_v arcubalistae_n of_o slingstave_n and_o sling_n by_o the_o which_o the_o wall_n be_v defend_v â–ª_o chap._n xxij_o against_o these_o incommoditye_n such_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n defend_v they_o that_o be_v besiege_v balistae_fw-la a_o lesser_a kind_n of_o ordinance_n onagrâ—_n a_o great_a also_o that_o which_o be_v call_v scorpio_n arcubalistae_n crossbow_n fustibali_n slingstave_n archer_n and_o sling_n balista_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n bend_v with_o rope_n or_o cord_n the_o which_o the_o long_a and_o great_a that_o it_o be_v so_o much_o the_o further_o it_o cast_v y_fw-mi shoot_v and_o this_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n if_o it_o be_v cunning_o frame_v and_o afterward_o discharge_v by_o skilful_a man_n that_o know_v the_o reech_n and_o compass_v of_o it_o do_v pierce_v through_o whatsoever_o it_o strike_v that_o which_o be_v name_v onager_fw-la serve_v to_o shoot_v stone_n withal_o and_o because_o the_o roope_n of_o it_o be_v great_a therefore_o the_o stone_n be_v mighty_a that_o it_o cast_v for_o the_o great_a and_o large_a the_o engine_n be_v so_o much_o the_o great_a stone_n it_o hurl_v in_o manner_n of_o thunder_n there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n more_o violent_a than_o these_o two_o sort_n scorpiones_fw-la be_v call_v in_o the_o old_a time_n such_o as_o now_o we_o term_v manubalistae_n so_o name_v because_o that_o with_o small_a arrow_n they_o kill_v man_n i_o think_v it_o superfluous_a to_o declare_v fustibalistas_n arcubalistas_n &_o fundas_fw-la which_o experience_n at_o this_o present_a know_v well_o enough_o the_o ordinance_n that_o i_o name_v onager_fw-la if_o it_o shoot_v mighty_a stone_n do_v not_o only_o