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the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o government_n be_v put_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o hundred_o man_n who_o be_v to_o inspect_v into_o the_o action_n of_o all_o general_n when_o they_o return_v from_o the_o war._n by_o they_o hanno_n be_v try_v and_o condemn_v to_o perpetual_a banishment_n the_o principal_a crime_n lay_v to_o his_o charge_n be_v that_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o too_o great_a part_n and_o ability_n to_o live_v in_o a_o free-city_n be_v the_o first_o that_o have_v ever_o tame_v a_o lion_n and_o therefore_o may_v be_v likely_a to_o prove_v dangerous_a to_o the_o liberty_n of_o man_n since_o he_o can_v overcome_v the_o savage_a nature_n of_o beast_n but_o it_o be_v the_o fate_n of_o commonwealth_n to_o hate_v the_o best_a of_o men._n the_o history_n of_o spain_n the_o second_o book_n chap._n 1._o action_n of_o the_o spaniard_n in_o sicily_n the_o government_n of_o hanno_n a_o embassy_n send_v to_o alexander_n the_o great_a the_o first_o roman_a and_o carthaginian_a war._n we_o have_v no_o account_n of_o any_o thing_n remarkable_a that_o happen_v in_o spain_n for_o some_o time_n till_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 327._o which_o be_v the_o time_n of_o the_o peloponnesian_n war._n 327._o plague_n in_o the_o second_o year_n whereof_o a_o terrible_a plague_n rage_v all_o over_o the_o world_n it_o begin_v in_o aethiopia_n and_o thence_o run_v through_o several_a country_n at_o last_o come_v into_o spain_n where_o it_o sweep_v away_o vast_a multitude_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n thucydides_n livy_n and_o dionysius_n halicarnassaeus_n make_v mention_n of_o this_o plague_n and_o our_o author_n say_v it_o proceed_v from_o the_o great_a dryness_n of_o the_o air_n but_o hypocrates_n who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n say_v that_o to_o free_a thessaly_n his_o country_n from_o it_o he_o cause_v all_o the_o wood_n and_o forest_n to_o be_v fire_v in_o sicily_n at_o this_o
blood_n be_v send_v in_o his_o place_n and_o storm_n after_o he_o maherbal_n but_o no_o account_n can_v be_v have_v of_o any_o action_n of_o they_o or_o what_o governor_n follow_v it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o as_o certain_a that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o marseilles_n in_o france_n be_v grow_v too_o numerous_a in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 419._o scent_n a_o colony_n into_o spain_n empurias_n and_o inhabit_a that_o part_n of_o the_o city_n empurias_n which_o be_v next_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n opposite_a to_o rose_n in_o latin_a call_v emporia_n though_o small_a it_o be_v divide_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n by_o a_o wall_n whence_o in_o greek_a it_o be_v former_o call_v palaeopolis_n that_o be_v old_a town_n signify_v the_o old_a part_n of_o it_o and_o also_o diospolis_n that_o be_v two_o to_n another_o 419._o part_n of_o the_o fleet_n from_o marseilles_n pass_v cape_n denia_n and_o build_v a_o town_n near_o the_o temple_n of_o diana_n three_o remarkable_a thing_n be_v make_v know_v in_o spain_n by_o the_o come_n of_o this_o thing_n fleet_n the_o first_o the_o great_a power_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o how_o religious_o they_o assist_v and_o support_v their_o ally_n the_o second_o that_o the_o syracusan_n after_o recover_v their_o liberty_n contrive_v to_o expel_v the_o carthaginian_n out_o of_o sicily_n and_o the_o three_o that_o alexander_n of_o macedon_n surname_v the_o great_a have_v vanquish_v darius_n conquer_a the_o empire_n of_o the_o persian_n and_o subdue_v more_o country_n than_o another_o man_n in_o that_o time_n can_v have_v travel_v through_o this_o great_a move_v the_o spaniard_n inhabit_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a to_o send_v a_o embassy_n to_o he_o to_o desire_v his_o protection_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o aim_v at_o the_o enslave_v of_o all_o that_o province_n paulus_n orosius_n say_v maurinus_fw-la be_v chief_a of_o this_o embassy_n who_o join_v by_o the_o way_n with_o the_o ambassador_n of_o france_n go_v in_o their_o company_n to_o babylon_n where_o they_o find_v those_o of_o all_o other_o province_n that_o be_v there_o by_o alexander_n appointment_n expect_v his_o come_n alexander_n be_v come_v to_o babylon_n they_o give_v he_o a_o ample_a account_n of_o their_o commission_n receive_v a_o favourable_a answer_n with_o promise_n of_o his_o protection_n and_o have_v be_v rich_o present_v return_v home_o well_o satisfy_v no_o doubt_n but_o this_o embassy_n be_v very_o displease_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n but_o it_o be_v no_o time_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o they_o be_v then_o employ_v in_o the_o war_n in_o sicily_n whence_o they_o be_v total_o expel_v by_o agathocles_n not_o long_o after_o ensue_v the_o first_o war_n betwixt_o rome_n and_o carthage_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n war._n our_o author_n say_v spain_n suffer_v by_o civil_a war_n without_o name_v the_o party_n or_o place_n only_o express_v that_o it_o be_v carry_v on_o with_o the_o great_a cruelty_n kill_v plunder_v and_o burn_v on_o all_o hand_n without_o mercy_n much_o about_o this_o time_n which_o be_v the_o year_n of_o rome_n 502._o the_o mallorquines_n revolt_a from_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o have_v put_v their_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n 502._o oblige_v the_o fleet_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o harbour_n with_o shower_n of_o stone_n to_o put_v to_o sea_n and_o at_o last_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o appease_v those_o people_n to_o return_v to_o carthage_n to_o retrieve_v this_o loss_n the_o senate_n send_v hamilcar_n barchinus_n who_o with_o great_a prudence_n by_o courtesy_n and_o address_n reduce_v those_o islander_n to_o obedience_n without_o use_v any_o force_n or_o violence_n the_o year_n 507_o of_o rome_n and_o last_o of_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n be_v fatal_a to_o spain_n for_o a_o great_a drought_n and_o violent_a 507._o earthquake_n earthquake_n by_o which_o part_n of_o the_o island_n of_o cadiz_n be_v break_v off_o and_o sink_v in_o the_o sea_n chap._n ii_o the_o second_o come_v of_o hamilcar_n asdrubal_n succeed_v he_o his_o preparation_n for_o the_o roman_a war_n and_o death_n no_o soon_o do_v the_o carthaginian_n begin_v to_o breath_n after_o their_o unfortunate_a war_n with_o rome_n and_o other_o disaster_n which_o follow_v it_o but_o they_o cast_v their_o eye_n upon_o spain_n as_o the_o most_o proper_a place_n to_o make_v up_o their_o loss_n hamilcar_n be_v appoint_v to_o command_v there_o with_o a_o spain_n absolute_a power_n he_o at_o his_o set_n out_o from_o carthage_n according_a to_o custom_n sacrifice_v and_o offer_v up_o his_o vow_n his_o son_n hannibal_n then_o but_o nine_o year_n of_o age_n be_v present_a he_o cause_v he_o to_o touch_v the_o altar_n and_o swear_v that_o when_o he_o be_v of_o age_n he_o will_v revenge_v his_o country_n against_o the_o roman_n beside_o he_o hamilcar_n have_v three_o young_a son_n asdrubal_n mago_n and_o hanno_n be_v arrive_v at_o cadiz_n he_o receive_v ambassador_n from_o the_o turdetani_n who_o have_v always_o continue_v in_o amity_n with_o carthage_n offer_v their_o force_n if_o he_o have_v occasion_n for_o their_o service_n with_o their_o assistance_n hamilcar_n not_o only_o recover_v that_o part_n which_o have_v be_v lose_v but_o possess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o province_n of_o betica_n either_o by_o force_n or_o the_o submission_n of_o the_o native_n and_o this_o be_v the_o year_n of_o rome_n 516._o strabo_n say_v the_o spaniard_n at_o that_o time_n be_v 516._o so_o rich_a that_o their_o manger_n and_o water_n trough_n be_v make_v of_o silver_n hamilcar_n coast_v along_o the_o mediterranean_a run_v up_o the_o river_n ebro_n where_o he_o build_v a_o town_n former_o call_v old_a carthage_n suppose_v to_o be_v now_o cantavecha_n distant_a ten_o league_n from_o tortosa_n to_o the_o north-west_n among_o the_o people_n then_o call_v ilercaones_n the_o follow_a year_n he_o subdue_v the_o coast_n of_o the_o bastetani_n and_o contestani_n where_o now_o be_v the_o city_n baça_n and_o murcia_n and_o not_o far_o from_o where_o saguntum_n once_o stand_v and_o whence_o ambassador_n come_v to_o hamilcar_n bring_v present_n and_o congratulate_v his_o success_n but_o not_o with_o any_o intention_n of_o submit_v themselves_o to_o he_o hamilcar_n receive_v and_o dismiss_v they_o with_o kindness_n yet_o he_o earnest_o desire_v to_o be_v master_n of_o that_o city_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o have_v some_o colour_n or_o pretence_n for_o that_o undertake_n in_o order_n to_o it_o he_o persuade_v the_o turdetani_n to_o build_v a_o town_n upon_o the_o land_n of_o the_o saguntins_n which_o be_v call_v turdetuni_fw-la and_o some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v terud_v 20_o league_n distant_a from_o saguntum_n this_o breed_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o those_o two_o city_n which_o be_v it_o hamilcar_n aim_v at_o and_o they_o understand_v his_o design_n resolve_v not_o to_o move_v or_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o the_o turdetani_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n ebro_n the_o carthaginian_n celebrate_v feast_n for_o the_o victory_n they_o have_v obtain_v as_o also_o for_o the_o marriage_n of_o himilce_a daughter_n of_o hamilcar_n with_o his_o kinsman_n asdrubal_n this_o be_v the_o year_n of_o rome_n 521._o while_o these_o feast_n be_v keep_v hamilcar_n 521._o be_v not_o idle_a but_o send_v ambassador_n into_o france_n to_o gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o principal_a man_n there_o believe_v their_o friendship_n may_v be_v advantageous_a towards_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n he_o design_v against_o rome_n when_o he_o have_v once_o subdue_v spain_n he_o win_v they_o with_o gold_n of_o which_o they_o be_v covetous_a and_o spain_n yield_v plenty_n the_o year_n follow_v he_o advance_v to_o the_o pyrenean_n conquer_a all_o from_o tortosa_n to_o the_o river_n lobregat_n then_o call_v rubricatus_n now_o it_o be_v that_o he_o build_v the_o famous_a city_n barcelona_n capital_a of_o catalonia_n and_o give_v it_o that_o name_n from_o that_o of_o his_o family_n to_o wit_n the_o barzini_n his_o design_n be_v lay_v against_o rose_n and_o empurias_n which_o he_o think_v obstruct_v he_o as_o be_v confederate_n with_o saguntum_n when_o death_n surprise_v he_o among_o the_o edetani_n whither_o he_o be_v return_v in_o order_n to_o pacify_v some_o disturbance_n in_o the_o province_n of_o betica_n he_o be_v slay_v in_o a_o battle_n against_o the_o native_n about_o the_o nine_o year_n after_o this_o his_o second_o come_v into_o spain_n this_o fight_n be_v so_o bloody_a that_o of_o above_o 40000_o man_n he_o have_v in_o his_o army_n two_o three_o be_v slaughter_v the_o rest_n of_o they_o under_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o night_n escape_v to_o the_o neighbour_a town_n that_o hold_v for_o they_o livy_n say_v this_o battle_n be_v fight_v near_o a_o place_n call_v castrum_n altum_fw-la after_o this_o signal_n defeat_v the_o carthaginian_a force_n be_v turn_v against_o
and_o suessetani_n submit_v themselves_o the_o lacetani_n who_o lie_v far_o off_o be_v also_o bring_v under_o thus_o all_o thing_n be_v quiet_v in_o spain_n the_o roman_a submit_v revenue_n increase_v by_o the_o improvement_n of_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n mine_n and_o new_a praetor_n come_v from_o rome_n cato_n return_v thither_o and_o be_v receive_v in_o triumph_n in_o which_o he_o carry_v 148000_o pound_n of_o silver_n and_o 540_o pound_n of_o gold_n to_o each_o foot_n soldier_n he_o give_v seven_o spain_n ass_n and_o three_o time_n the_o sum_n to_o the_o horse_n after_o this_o as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v he_o take_v spain_n into_o his_o protection_n and_o defend_v it_o against_o all_o wrong_n after_o this_o many_o praetor_n come_v from_o rome_n to_o govern_v spain_n the_o first_o be_v lucius_n digicius_n for_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la famous_a for_o the_o mural_a crown_n he_o gain_v at_o carthagena_n and_o publius_n scipio_n nasica_n the_o son_n of_o cneius_n adjudge_v by_o the_o senate_n the_o holy_a man_n in_o rome_n these_o be_v succeed_v by_o manius_n fulvius_n nobilior_n who_o take_v toledo_n than_o a_o small_a but_o a_o strong_a town_n and_o caius_z flaminius_z this_o flaminius_n be_v continue_v and_o instead_o of_o fulvius_n flaminius_n come_v l._n aemilius_n lepidus_n afterward_o call_v macedonicus_n for_o overcome_v perseus_n king_n of_o macedon_n next_o come_v l._n paulus_n hypseus_n into_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la and_o l._n bebius_n dive_v into_o the_o vlterior_fw-la but_o the_o latter_a be_v kill_v in_o liguria_n pub._n junius_n brutus_n be_v send_v in_o his_o place_n lucius_n manlius_n acidinus_n govern_v hispania_n citerior_fw-la the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n follow_v and_o catinius_n caius_z catinius_n the_o vlterior_fw-la during_o which_o time_n nothing_o of_o note_n happen_v caius_n calpurnius_n piso_n and_o lucius_n quintius_n crispinus_n succeed_v they_o in_o the_o year_n 568._o which_o same_o year_n catinius_n be_v kill_v in_o a_o battle_n in_o lusitania_n before_o his_o successor_n arrive_v two_o year_n after_o aulus_n terentius_n varro_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o province_n citerior_fw-la and_o paulus_n sempronius_n 568._o gracchus_n longus_n of_o the_o vlterior_fw-la publius_n manlius_n he_o that_o be_v praetor_n in_o the_o time_n of_o cato_n succeed_v the_o former_a of_o those_o two_o and_o q._n fulvius_n flaccus_n the_o latter_a this_o flaccus_n overthrow_v a_o great_a multitude_n of_o the_o celtiberi_n in_o a_o battle_n fight_v near_o a_o town_n call_v ebura_n which_o i_o believe_v ptolemy_n call_v libura_n and_o be_v now_o talavera_n these_o praetor_n govern_v spain_n two_o year_n and_o then_o come_v in_o the_o stead_n of_o the_o first_o l._n posthumius_fw-la albinus_n and_o of_o the_o other_o tib._n sempronius_n gracchus_n by_o the_o valour_n of_o this_o gracchus_n many_o victory_n be_v obtain_v and_o numantia_n become_v confederate_a with_o rome_n as_o plutarch_n tell_v we_o beside_o he_o either_o build_v or_o beautify_v the_o city_n of_o he_o call_v gracchurris_n near_o numantia_n where_o now_o agreda_n stand_v there_o be_v a_o coin_n to_o be_v see_v in_o spain_n with_o the_o name_n of_o gracchiorris_n and_o albinus_n both_o together_o in_o the_o year_n 576._o m._n titinius_n curvus_n be_v choose_v praetor_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la and_o quintus_fw-la fonteius_n of_o the_o vlterior_fw-la they_o continue_v three_o year_n and_o it_o be_v not_o know_v what_o praetor_n succeed_v they_o but_o we_o have_v a_o account_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 579._o appius_n claudius_n centho_n have_v the_o honour_n call_v ovatio_n grant_v he_o for_o a_o victory_n obtain_v over_o the_o celtiberi_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 580._o come_v servilius_n cepio_n to_o the_o province_n citerior_fw-la and_o furius_n philo_n to_o the_o vlterior_fw-la their_o 576._o successor_n be_v m._n marcienus_n and_o cneius_n fabius_n buteo_n but_o because_o buteo_n die_v by_o the_o way_n fonteius_n at_o marseilles_n furius_n continue_v his_o command_n till_o in_o the_o year_n 582._o spurius_n lucretius_n be_v send_v to_o succeed_v he_o and_o marcus_z junius_z the_o other_z after_o this_o the_o two_o province_n be_v again_o incorporate_v and_o the_o government_n of_o all_o spain_n commit_v to_o lucius_n canuleyu_v as_o praetor_n before_o he_o set_v out_o of_o rome_n he_o be_v constitute_v judge_n between_o the_o spanish_a ambassador_n and_o the_o 579._o former_a praetor_n who_o be_v accuse_v of_o receive_v bribe_n and_o defraud_v the_o country_n the_o buteo_n praetor_n be_v clear_v because_o the_o roman_a senator_n use_v great_a severity_n towards_o other_o but_o wink_v at_o fault_n among_o themselves_o to_o the_o great_a dissatisfaction_n of_o the_o people_n and_o loss_n of_o their_o own_o reputation_n however_o to_o please_v the_o native_n it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o roman_a governor_n shall_v not_o sell_v corn_n at_o rate_n set_v by_o themselves_o and_o that_o the_o spaniard_n shall_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o farm_n the_o imposition_n call_v vicesima_fw-la at_o the_o pretor_n will_n and_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o farmer_n of_o the_o revenue_n but_o that_o the_o care_n of_o receive_v and_o improve_n it_o shall_v be_v commit_v to_o the_o corporation_n another_o embassy_n be_v send_v from_o spain_n to_o know_v what_o shall_v be_v do_v with_o the_o bastard_n call_v hybridae_fw-la that_o be_v the_o son_n of_o roman_a soldier_n 582._o and_o spanish_a mother_n desire_v land_n may_v be_v assign_v they_o it_o be_v agree_v to_o by_o the_o senate_n canuleyu_v that_o land_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o those_o who_o canuleyu_v the_o praetor_n think_v fit_a to_o deliver_v out_o of_o slavery_n for_o they_o be_v sell_v as_o slave_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v carry_v they_o to_o carteia_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v deem_v a_o roman_a colony_n which_o be_v the_o first_o in_o spain_n and_o call_v colonia_n libertinorum_fw-la canuleyu_v have_v govern_v two_o year_n marcus_n marcellus_n succeed_v he_o in_o 585._o the_o year_n 585._o strabo_n say_v he_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o cordova_n but_o silius_n italicus_n make_v mention_n nerva_n of_o it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o hannibal_n whence_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v he_o only_o enlarge_v and_o beautify_v it_o give_v it_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o a_o roman_a free-town_n fonteius_n balbus_n succeed_v marcellus_n after_o he_o spain_n be_v again_o divide_v into_o two_o province_n and_o so_o govern_v by_o cneius_n fulvius_n and_o c._n licinius_n nerva_n in_o the_o time_n of_o judas_n the_o machabee_n that_o most_o renown_a general_n of_o the_o jew_n who_o settle_a friendship_n with_o the_o roman_n thus_o i_o will_v conclude_v the_o account_n of_o the_o praetor_n which_o will_v not_o be_v please_v if_o continue_v nor_o be_v it_o easy_a to_o perform_v or_o proper_a to_o fill_v up_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o spanish_a history_n with_o the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o roman_a the_o end_n of_o book_n ii_o the_o history_n of_o spain_n the_o three_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o first_o war_n of_o numantia_n and_o peace_n conclude_v with_o that_o city_n the_o war_n in_o lusitania_n and_o other_o part_n and_o treachery_n of_o the_o praetor_n sergius_n galba_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 601._o be_v sow_v the_o seed_n of_o a_o last_a and_o bloody_a war_n in_o spain_n which_o for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v carry_v on_o with_o various_a success_n and_o at_o last_o prove_v fatal_a to_o description_n the_o spaniard_n the_o first_o beginner_n of_o this_o war_n be_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o numantia_n a_o fierce_a and_o warlike_a people_n grow_v weary_a of_o the_o roman_a yoke_n and_o provoke_v by_o the_o wrong_n they_o sustain_v the_o city_n numantia_n once_o the_o terror_n of_o rome_n and_o glory_n of_o spain_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o utmost_a northern_a border_n of_o celtiberia_n among_o the_o arevaci_n a_o league_n above_o soria_n on_o the_o ground_n where_o now_o be_v the_o bridge_n of_o garay_n not_o far_o from_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o river_n duero_n where_o some_o footstep_n of_o it_o be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v it_o be_v strong_a by_o nature_n than_o art_n be_v build_v on_o a_o hill_n not_o steep_a but_o difficult_a of_o access_n by_o reason_n or_o the_o mountain_n that_o encompass_v it_o on_o three_o side_n on_o the_o south_n side_n be_v a_o beautiful_a and_o fertile_a plain_n which_o run_v along_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n tera_n for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o league_n till_o it_o mix_v with_o the_o river_n duero_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n it_o be_v neither_o gird_v with_o a_o wall_n nor_o strengthen_v with_o bulwark_n or_o tower_n but_o for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o cattle_n graze_v it_o stretch_v out_o far_o than_o be_v convenient_a to_o encompass_v with_o a_o wall_n however_o there_o be_v a_o fort_n or_o citadel_n capable_a of_o oppose_v any_o enemy_n where_o in_o time_n of_o war_n they_o use_v to_o secure_v all_o
event_n whereof_o be_v dubious_a but_o that_o pompey_n march_v away_o to_o the_o city_n manlia_n which_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o though_o there_o be_v a_o numantian_a garrison_n in_o it_o there_o be_v at_o present_a in_o that_o neighbourhood_n a_o town_n call_v mallen_n perhaps_o the_o remain_n of_o that_o city_n then_o he_o return_v upon_o termancia_n and_o take_v it_o now_o only_a numantia_n remain_v before_o pompey_n move_v towards_o they_o he_o slay_v tanginus_fw-la a_o captain_n of_o robber_n with_o all_o his_o man_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n where_o be_v former_o the_o edetani_n and_o now_o be_v zaragoza_n this_o do_v he_o march_v pompey_n again_o to_o numantia_n and_o because_o the_o siege_n be_v like_a to_o last_v long_o endeavour_v to_o turn_v away_o the_o river_n duero_n that_o no_o provision_n may_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o town_n but_o be_v force_v to_o desist_v have_v lose_v many_o man_n by_o a_o sally_n the_o besiege_a make_v beside_o they_o kill_v a_o tribune_n and_o all_o his_o man_n that_o guard_v the_o victualler_n and_o forager_n pompey_n warn_v by_o these_o loss_n keep_v his_o man_n within_o their_o work_n during_o the_o hard_a season_n of_o the_o year_n which_o cause_v many_o to_o die_v of_o sickness_n beside_o what_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o besiege_a hereupon_o though_o the_o winter_n be_v far_o spend_v pompey_n be_v force_v to_o raze_v the_o siege_n and_o disperse_v his_o army_n among_o the_o neighbour_a 615._o to_n in_o the_o year_n 615._o the_o consul_n m._n popilius_n lenus_fw-la be_v appoint_v to_o succeed_v pompey_n fraudulent_o but_o he_o either_o for_o be_v blame_v at_o rome_n or_o that_o his_o successor_n may_v not_o reap_v the_o benefit_n of_o his_o labour_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o numantian_o this_o treaty_n be_v dishonourable_a to_o the_o roman_n be_v manage_v in_o private_a and_o pompey_n to_o avoid_v sign_v of_o it_o feign_v himself_o sick_n popilius_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o come_v begin_v to_o examine_v that_o affair_n pompey_n deny_v he_o have_v consent_v to_o it_o the_o numantian_o call_v the_o principal_a roman_n in_o the_o army_n to_o witness_v in_o their_o behalf_n at_o last_o the_o business_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o roman_a senate_n where_o passion_n be_v more_o prevalent_a than_o justice_n it_o be_v decree_v the_o war_n against_o numantia_n shall_v be_v continue_v whilst_o these_o thing_n be_v debate_v in_o rome_n popilius_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o lusones_n a_o people_n near_o numantia_n but_o without_o success_n for_o in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 616._o the_o time_n of_o his_o command_n 616._o have_v be_v prolong_v he_o be_v overthrow_v by_o the_o numantian_o in_o hispania_n ulterior_a numantian_o the_o government_n whereof_o fall_v to_o the_o consul_n decius_n brutus_n viriatus_n old_a soldier_n who_o have_v land_n assign_v they_o build_v the_o city_n valencia_n it_o be_v doubtful_a what_o valencia_n this_o be_v some_o say_v it_o be_v valencia_n the_o alcantara_n other_o valencia_n de_fw-fr mino_n and_o some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v the_o great_a valencia_n but_o that_o can_v be_v because_o it_o be_v in_o another_o province_n to_o return_v to_o what_o be_v more_o material_a the_o year_n follow_v which_o be_v of_o rome_n 617._o brutus_n be_v continue_v in_o his_o command_n 617._o and_o the_o consul_n c._n hostilius_n mancinus_n succeed_v popilius_n no_o soon_o do_v he_o take_v upon_o popilius_n he_o the_o command_n but_o he_o sit_v down_o before_o numantia_n where_o after_o receive_v several_a overthrow_v hear_v that_o the_o vacei_n and_o cantabri_n be_v march_v to_o relieve_v that_o place_n he_o be_v so_o terrify_v that_o he_o steal_v away_o by_o night_n to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n which_o be_v not_o in_o arms._n his_o departure_n be_v not_o know_v at_o numantia_n till_o two_o day_n after_o the_o townsman_n be_v take_v up_o in_o sport_n and_o pastime_n without_o any_o regard_n or_o care_n of_o the_o war_n it_o be_v discover_v by_o two_o young_a man_n who_o be_v at_o variance_n about_o marry_v a_o maid_n agree_v that_o he_o who_o first_o bring_v the_o hand_n of_o a_o roman_a shall_v carry_v she_o they_o go_v out_o upon_o this_o design_n and_o find_v the_o roman_a camp_n abandon_v return_v with_o the_o news_n hereupon_o the_o numantian_o follow_v the_o tract_n overtake_v the_o roman_n before_o they_o be_v well_o fortify_v and_o hem_v in_o those_o who_o before_o besiege_a they_o the_o consul_n despair_v of_o his_o safety_n set_v on_o fooâ—_n and_o conclude_v numantia_n a_o treaty_n with_o the_o numantian_o by_o which_o they_o be_v restore_v to_o their_o liberty_n and_o style_v friend_n and_o confederate_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o this_o peace_n he_o obtain_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o tib._n gracchus_n who_o be_v belove_v in_o spain_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o his_o father_n sempronius_n as_o soon_o as_o this_o shameful_a peace_n be_v know_v at_o rome_n mancinus_n be_v summon_v to_o answer_v for_o himself_o and_o the_o consul_n aemilius_n lepidus_n be_v send_v in_o his_o place_n to_o revenge_v that_o disgrace_n the_o numantian_o send_v their_o ambassador_n with_o the_o article_n to_o the_o senate_n that_o in_o case_n they_o do_v not_o ratify_v they_o the_o army_n may_v be_v deliver_v into_o their_o hand_n since_o they_o escape_v under_o colour_n of_o peace_n the_o senate_n resolve_v not_o to_o stand_v by_o so_o dishonourable_a a_o peace_n decree_v that_o mancinus_n who_o be_v the_o author_n of_o it_o shall_v be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o numantian_o gracchus_n though_o concern_v in_o the_o treaty_n escape_v unpunished_a because_o what_o he_o do_v be_v by_o command_n but_o the_o commonalty_n say_v it_o be_v by_o the_o interest_n of_o scipio_n who_o have_v marry_v his_o sister_n cornelia_n marcus_z lepidus_z without_o stay_v to_o hear_v what_o the_o senate_n will_v decree_v fall_v upon_o the_o vacei_n which_o be_v a_o part_n of_o old_a castille_n upon_o pretence_n that_o they_o have_v be_v assist_v to_o the_o numantian_o after_o plunder_v and_o burn_v all_o that_o plentiful_a country_n he_o attempt_v to_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o city_n placencia_n notwithstanding_o he_o have_v receive_v order_n from_o rome_n to_o commence_v no_o new_a war_n with_o the_o spaniard_n lepidus_n have_v be_v worsted_n by_o those_o of_o placencia_n and_o want_v roman_n provision_n march_v away_o silent_o by_o night_n which_o those_o people_n perceive_v they_o pursue_v and_o cut_v off_o no_o less_o than_o 6000_o of_o the_o roman_n this_o be_v so_o high_o resent_v at_o rome_n that_o lepidus_n be_v summon_v to_o appear_v and_o answer_v for_o himself_o as_o a_o private_a man_n and_o condemn_v of_o maladministration_n these_o loss_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n make_v easy_a by_o the_o success_n in_o the_o other_o province_n under_o the_o good_a conduct_n of_o brutus_n who_o quiet_v the_o commotion_n in_o lusitania_n and_o galicia_n and_o subdue_v the_o labricani_n he_o order_v they_o to_o deliver_v up_o all_o fugitive_n and_o themselves_o to_o appear_v before_o he_o without_o their_o arm_n which_o when_o they_o perform_v he_o draw_v his_o army_n about_o they_o and_o reprove_v they_o so_o severe_o they_o think_v they_o shall_v all_o have_v be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n but_o he_o only_o impose_v a_o fine_a and_o take_v away_o their_o arms._n for_o this_o reason_n brutus_n have_v the_o surname_n of_o gallaicus_fw-la give_v he_o the_o follow_a year_n which_o be_v of_o rome_n 618._o brutus_n be_v continue_v in_o his_o command_n and_o the_o new_a consul_n p._n furius_n 618._o philo_n have_v the_o government_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la and_o charge_n of_o deliver_v up_o mancinus_n to_o numantian_o the_o numantian_o assign_v he_o q._n metellus_n and_o q._n pompeius_n the_o most_o powerful_a citizen_n of_o rome_n oppose_v furius_n go_n as_o to_o a_o war_n where_o great_a honour_n and_o riches_n be_v to_o be_v purchase_v but_o he_o with_o a_o wonderful_a resolution_n use_v his_o authority_n as_o consul_n command_v they_o both_o to_o go_v along_o with_o he_o as_o his_o legate_n or_o lieutenant_n be_v encamp_v before_o numantia_n he_o cause_v mancinus_n naked_a and_o his_o hand_n bind_v behind_o he_o according_a to_o the_o roman_a custom_n of_o deliver_v up_o their_o general_n to_o be_v leave_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n at_o the_o gate_n of_o numantia_n but_o he_o have_v stand_v there_o all_o the_o day_n forsake_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o not_o regard_v by_o the_o enemy_n be_v again_o at_o night_n receive_v into_o the_o camp_n we_o have_v no_o account_n of_o 619._o any_o thing_n else_o do_v by_o furius_n in_o spain_n the_o follow_a year_n which_o be_v 619._o brutus_n be_v worsted_n again_o continue_v in_o his_o command_n and_o q._n calpurnius_n piso_n succeed_v furius_n as_o consul_n fight_v with_o the_o numantian_o sustain_v
in_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 753._o at_o cordova_n three_o sun_n be_v see_v at_o once_o and_o people_n 753._o with_o the_o fright_n imagine_v they_o see_v several_a apparition_n of_o man_n go_v in_o procession_n with_o light_a torch_n the_o terror_n be_v the_o more_o increase_v by_o a_o great_a famine_n which_o ensue_v cause_v by_o the_o drought_n spain_n be_v subject_a to_o mean_a while_n king_n alonso_n lay_v hold_n of_o the_o opportunity_n that_o offer_v of_o enlarge_a the_o bound_n of_o his_o kingdom_n now_o the_o moor_n be_v at_o variance_n among_o themselves_o gather_v the_o great_a force_n he_o can_v and_o break_v into_o the_o enemy_n country_n with_o mighty_a success_n for_o in_o galicia_n he_o take_v lugo_n tuy_n and_o astorga_n in_o lusitania_n the_o to_n city_n porto_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n duero_n beja_n braga_n viseo_n flavia_n bletisa_n and_o sentica_fw-la beside_o he_o recover_v simancas_n duenas_n miranda_n segovia_n avila_n and_o sepulveda_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n orospeda_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n duraton_n a_o place_n natural_o strong_a former_o call_v segobriga_n and_o after_o sepulveda_n then_o he_o turn_v his_o victorious_a arm_n to_o the_o country_n of_o bribiesca_n and_o rioja_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o those_o territory_n rioja_n lie_v on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n idubeda_n about_o the_o river_n ogia_n which_o fall_v from_o that_o mount_n run_v into_o the_o river_n ebro_n the_o country_n be_v pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a he_o also_o take_v pamplona_n in_o navarre_n and_o that_o part_n of_o biscay_n now_o call_v alava_n it_o be_v true_a many_o of_o these_o place_n be_v afterward_o lose_v the_o power_n of_o the_o moorish_a king_n of_o cordova_n daily_a increase_n to_o the_o great_a detriment_n of_o the_o christian_n king_n alonso_z placed_z bishop_n in_o the_o city_n he_o gain_v to_o instruct_v the_o christian_n and_o restore_v religion_n he_o build_v church_n and_o cause_v those_o that_o be_v profane_v to_o be_v reconcile_v provide_v they_o with_o vestment_n and_o other_o necessary_n the_o best_a the_o poverty_n of_o that_o age_n will_v permit_v after_o perform_v these_o great_a action_n he_o die_v at_o cangas_n in_o the_o 74th_o year_n of_o his_o age_n and_o of_o grace_n 757._o he_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o great_a renown_n 757._o reign_v 19_o year_n some_o say_v but_o 18_o and_o leave_v 5_o son_n 4_o by_o his_o wife_n ormisinda_n which_o be_v death_n froyla_fw-fr bimaranus_fw-la aurelius_n and_o vsenda_n by_o a_o slave_n he_o have_v mauregatus_fw-la his_o funeral_n be_v not_o so_o remarkable_a for_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o expense_n as_o for_o the_o tear_n and_o grief_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o the_o voice_n of_o angel_n say_v to_o be_v then_o hear_v sing_v these_o word_n of_o the_o scripture_n ecce_fw-la quomodo_fw-la moritur_fw-la iustùs_fw-la &_o nemo_fw-la percipit_fw-la cord_n à _fw-fr fancy_n iniquitatis_fw-la sublatus_fw-la est_fw-la iustùs_fw-la &_o erit_fw-la in_o pace_fw-la memoria_fw-la ejus_fw-la this_o king_n and_o his_o queen_n be_v bury_v at_o cangas_n in_o st._n mary_n monastery_n d._n alonso_n have_v a_o brother_n call_v froyla_fw-fr more_o know_v by_o his_o two_o son_n aurelius_n and_o veremundus_n or_o bermudus_n than_o for_o any_o action_n of_o his_o own_o let_v we_o return_v to_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o moor_n which_o be_v so_o intermix_v with_o our_o own_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v forget_v it_o will_v not_o therefore_o be_v amiss_o to_o say_v something_o of_o the_o great_a discord_n that_o about_o this_o time_n happen_v among_o those_o people_n on_o which_o be_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o mighty_a kingdom_n of_o they_o in_o spain_n mahomet_n the_o founder_n of_o the_o sarraçen_a empire_n at_o his_o death_n leave_v never_o a_o son_n but_o three_o mahometan_n daughter_n fatima_n zeinebis_n and_o imicultis_fw-la all_o marry_a to_o principal_a men._n upon_o the_o death_n of_o mahomet_n first_o abubacar_n and_o after_o he_o homar_n who_o daughter_n he_o have_v marry_v succeed_v in_o the_o empire_n after_o they_o autuman_a husband_n to_o fatima_n the_o elder_a daughter_n ascend_v the_o throne_n and_o of_o they_o descend_v the_o mighty_a family_n of_o the_o alavecine_n mohabia_n husband_n to_o the_o other_o sister_n zeinebis_n succeed_v autuman_a and_o of_o he_o come_v another_o powerful_a family_n call_v the_o humeyas_n his_o successor_n be_v izit_v his_o son_n and_o maula_n his_o grandson_n after_o who_o death_n the_o moor_n be_v divide_v some_o follow_a maroan_n and_o other_o abdalla_n who_o die_v all_o be_v again_o reduce_v under_o abdelmelich_n the_o son_n of_o maula_n then_o vlit_v son_n of_o abdelmelich_n next_o zuleyman_n brother_n to_o vlit_n and_o after_o he_o homar_n and_o izit_v the_o son_n of_o vlit_n their_o successor_n be_v iscam_fw-la a_o three_o brother_n and_o his_o was_z alulit_fw-la the_o son_n of_o izit_v than_o ibrahim_n his_o brother_n maroan_n though_o 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of_o the_o moor_n erect_v in_o spain_n by_o abderrhaman_n his_o death_n and_o war_n among_o his_o son_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o king_n alonso_n his_o elder_a son_n called_z froyla_fw-fr or_o fruela_n succeed_v in_o the_o throne_n of_o the_o christian_n in_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 757._o he_o reign_v eleven_o year_n and_o three_o month_n his_o government_n be_v a_o mixture_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a be_v of_o a_o harsh_a temper_n rather_o incline_v to_o cruelty_n than_o mercy_n some_o action_n of_o a_o good_a prince_n he_o do_v for_o he_o build_v the_o city_n oviedo_n in_o asturias_n and_o make_v it_o a_o bishopric_n beside_o he_o forbid_v priest_n marry_v a_o custom_n introduce_v by_o witiza_n and_o confirm_v by_o the_o example_n of_o the_o greek_n which_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o wise_a sort_n have_v provoke_v god_n wrath_n and_o bring_v so_o many_o misfortune_n upon_o spain_n this_o action_n as_o it_o gain_v he_o the_o esteem_n of_o the_o better_a sort_n so_o 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again_o unite_v under_o one_o head_n abderhaman_n abenbumeya_n spain_n who_o after_o take_v the_o surname_n of_o adahil_n found_v a_o new_a kingdom_n of_o his_o own_o nation_n independent_a of_o the_o moor_n in_o africa_n or_o asia_n as_o have_v be_v hint_v before_o only_o the_o city_n valencia_n hold_v out_o some_o time_n but_o after_o a_o long_a siege_n be_v force_v to_o submit_v and_o join_v with_o the_o rest_n such_o be_v the_o hatred_n this_o prince_n bear_v the_o christian_a religion_n that_o the_o christian_n of_o that_o city_n be_v force_v to_o depart_v thence_o and_o settle_v in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o lusitania_n about_o promontorium_n sacrum_n carry_v with_o they_o the_o body_n of_o st._n vencent_n from_o which_o that_o cape_n now_o take_v its_o name_n a_o moor_n of_o fez_n some_o time_n after_o hunt_v about_o that_o place_n slaughter_v these_o people_n and_o carry_v over_o their_o child_n into_o africa_n from_o who_o the_o
ground_n beg_v a_o happy_a 1065._o death_n and_o though_o the_o disease_n increase_v stay_v at_o matin_n hear_v mass_n and_o receive_v the_o day_n dies_z follow_v he_o return_v to_o the_o church_n of_o s._n isidorus_n and_o three_o day_n after_o dyed_n this_o be_v what_o the_o archbishop_n d._n roderick_n and_o d._n lucas_n de_fw-fr tuy_n write_v yet_o other_o say_v he_o die_v at_o cabeçon_fw-fr a_o town_n near_o valladolid_n neither_o do_v author_n agree_v in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n king_n ferdinand_n life_n be_v so_o holy_a that_o his_o feast_n be_v celebrate_v at_o leon_n as_o a_o saint_n he_o build_v many_o church_n and_o repair_v other_o queen_n sancha_n be_v not_o inferior_a to_o her_o husband_n in_o virtue_n she_o die_v two_o year_n after_o he_o and_o be_v bury_v by_o the_o king_n in_o the_o church_n of_o s._n isidorus_n sancha_n garibay_n say_v king_n ferdinand_z die_v in_o the_o year_n 1067_o and_o quote_v many_o author_n who_o all_o vary_v in_o the_o time_n as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o place_n of_o his_o death_n so_o that_o these_o thing_n be_v very_o uncertain_a king_n ferdinand_n by_o his_o last_o will_n divide_v his_o kingdom_n among_o his_o three_o son_n to_o d._n sancho_n daughter_n the_o elder_a he_o leave_v castille_n extend_v from_o the_o riuèr_n ebro_n till_o that_o of_o pisuerga_n for_o all_o that_o be_v take_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o d._n garcia_n be_v add_v to_o castille_n the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n fall_v to_o d._n alonso_n with_o the_o territory_n of_o campos_n and_o that_o part_n of_o asturias_n that_o reach_v to_o the_o river_n deva_n run_v by_o oviedo_n as_o also_o some_o town_n in_o galicia_n d._n garcia_n the_o young_a have_v the_o remain_a part_n of_o galicia_n and_o as_o much_o of_o portugal_n as_o have_v be_v recover_v from_o the_o moor_n all_o three_o call_v themselves_o king_n beside_o king_n ferdinand_n leave_v the_o city_n zamora_n to_o his_o daughter_n d._n vrraca_n and_o that_o of_o toro_n to_o d._n elvira_n these_o city_n be_v then_o call_v infantado_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o the_o principality_n signify_v thereby_o the_o estate_n leave_v for_o support_v of_o the_o young_a child_n spain_n be_v divide_v it_o be_v impossible_a it_o shall_v enjoy_v peace_n all_o people_n be_v in_o suspense_n expect_v great_a revolution_n upon_o the_o king_n death_n to_o prevent_v these_o misfortune_n many_o of_o the_o nobility_n have_v endeavour_v to_o dissuade_v he_o from_o this_o resolution_n and_o the_o matter_n have_v be_v handle_v in_o parliament_n arias_n gonzalo_n a_o ancient_n wise_a and_o experience_a man_n have_v stir_v most_o in_o this_o affair_n but_o fatherly_a love_n suffer_v not_o his_o prudent_a advice_n to_o take_v place_n d._n sancho_n become_v the_o throne_n as_o be_v a_o comely_a and_o graceful_a youth_n better_o verse_v in_o war_n than_o in_o state_n affair_n and_o therefore_o call_v the_o strong_a pelagius_n ovetensis_fw-la say_v he_o be_v very_o beautiful_a and_o expert_a in_o martial_a affair_n he_o be_v natural_o mild_a and_o affable_a if_o not_o provoke_v or_o incense_v by_o false_a friend_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n he_o open_o complain_v of_o the_o wrong_n have_v be_v do_v he_o by_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n yet_o his_o mother_n whilst_o she_o live_v restrain_v he_o from_o fall_v upon_o his_o brother_n especial_o for_o that_o after_o the_o king_n death_n the_o crown_n of_o leon_n devolve_v upon_o she_o as_o be_v she_o own_o dower_n d._n sancho_n reign_v 6_o year_n 8_o month_n and_o 25_o day_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o have_v war_n with_o the_o moor_n and_o soon_o after_o with_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n king_n ramiro_n of_o arragon_n desire_v to_o enlarge_v his_o territory_n labour_v successful_o to_o expel_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o moor_n out_o of_o that_o kingdom_n he_o oblige_v almugdadi_n king_n of_o zaragoça_n and_o almudafar_n king_n of_o lerida_n to_o become_v tributary_n and_o overthrow_v the_o king_n of_o huesca_n those_o about_o zaragoça_n have_v be_v subdue_v by_o king_n ferdinand_n be_v become_v tributary_n to_o he_o but_o now_o upon_o the_o change_n of_o king_n and_o rely_v on_o the_o assistance_n of_o d._n ramiro_n they_o resolve_v to_o fall_v off_o king_n sancho_n have_v speedy_o gather_v a_o army_n march_v against_o they_o those_o of_o toledo_n immediate_o submit_v but_o the_o arragonian_n stand_v out_o hereupon_o have_v waste_v all_o the_o country_n he_o lay_v siege_n to_o zaragoça_n and_o press_v it_o so_o vigorous_o it_o be_v surrender_v to_o he_o upon_o condition_n he_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o support_v the_o city_n against_o all_o enemy_n as_o well_o christian_n as_o moor_n this_o capitulation_n seem_v direct_o level_v against_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n d._n sancho_n be_v offend_v that_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n join_v with_o the_o navarrois_fw-fr who_o often_o make_v inroad_n upon_o the_o dominion_n of_o castille_n and_o beside_o that_o he_o receive_v tribute_n from_o those_o arragonian_n that_o be_v his_o subject_n the_o arragonian_n have_v then_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o grados_fw-la build_v by_o the_o moor_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n esera_n to_o curb_v the_o christian_n king_n sancho_n in_o pursuance_n of_o his_o capitulation_n with_o the_o moor_n march_v to_o raise_v that_o siege_n the_o army_n of_o arragon_n be_v surprise_v and_o attack_v in_o front_n and_o rear_n by_o the_o christian_n and_o insidel_n be_v easy_o rout_v some_o flee_v other_o be_v kill_v among_o which_o number_n be_v the_o king_n himself_o this_o be_v much_o about_o the_o year_n 1067._o d._n ramiro_n of_o arragon_n have_v reign_v 31_o year_n his_o body_n be_v bury_v in_o 1067._o the_o church_n of_o st._n john_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pena_n where_o many_o of_o his_o predecessor_n lay_v d._n sancho_n ramirez_n his_o son_n succeed_v in_o the_o throne_n at_o the_o age_n of_o 18._o a_o prince_n not_o unlike_a to_o his_o father_n in_o virtue_n in_o this_o prince_n time_n and_o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 1068._o guinard_n earl_n of_o russillon_n build_v the_o town_n 1068._o of_o perpignan_n on_o the_o border_n of_o france_n not_o far_o from_o the_o ancient_a city_n russillon_n the_o name_n of_o build_v perpignan_n be_v take_v from_o one_o bernard_n perpignan_n who_o keep_v two_o inn_n in_o that_o place_n this_o king_n sancho_n be_v say_v to_o have_v abrogate_a the_o law_n of_o the_o goth_n as_o the_o catalonian_o have_v do_v before_o and_o establish_v the_o imperial_a civil_a law_n he_o be_v marry_v to_o d._n felicia_n daughter_n to_o armengaud_n earl_n of_o vrgel_n by_o who_o he_o have_v three_o son_n d._n peter_n d._n alonso_n and_o d._n ramiro_n who_o be_v all_o successive_o king_n of_o arragon_n a_o bastard_n son_n of_o his_o call_a d._n garcia_n be_v afterward_o bishop_n of_o jaca_n at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o reign_v in_o spain_n three_o king_n who_o be_v cousin-german_n though_o not_o death_n equal_a in_o power_n yet_o all_o alike_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o death_n d._n sancho_n king_n of_o castille_n be_v the_o great_a he_o have_v blemish_v the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n by_o kill_v his_o uncle_n king_n ramiro_n and_o grow_v fierce_a with_o success_n be_v daily_o drive_v at_o great_a mischief_n his_o strength_n be_v terrible_a to_o the_o other_o d._n sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n maintain_v his_o small_a kingdom_n by_o make_v a_o league_n with_o he_o of_o arragon_n to_o secure_v both_o against_o castille_n he_o of_o castille_n understand_v their_o design_n think_v to_o be_v beforehand_o with_o they_o and_o break_v into_o navarre_n without_o stop_v till_o he_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o viana_n there_o the_o two_o king_n meet_v he_o and_o they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n in_o which_o the_o castilian_n be_v defeat_v and_o their_o king_n have_v lose_v many_o man_n return_v into_o his_o own_o country_n the_o victor_n resolve_v to_o make_v use_n of_o their_o success_n break_v into_o the_o territory_n of_o rioja_n and_o briviesca_n where_o they_o recover_v all_o that_o king_n ferdinand_n have_v take_v thus_o be_v those_o three_o prince_n destroy_v one_o another_o without_o reflect_v upon_o what_o they_o may_v expect_v from_o the_o moor_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n can_v not_o at_o that_o time_n take_v revenge_n of_o his_o cousin_n be_v engage_v in_o a_o new_a war_n against_o his_o brother_n he_o be_v ambitious_a rash_a and_o hot_a and_o pretend_v a_o right_a to_o all_o that_o have_v be_v his_o father_n and_o do_v not_o want_v other_o ground_n to_o raise_v a_o quarrel_n upon_o his_o brother_n though_o weak_a can_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o unite_n their_o force_n against_o their_o common_a enemy_n d._n sancho_n have_v gather_v a_o powerful_a army_n resolve_v to_o carry_v on_o his_o design_n on_o the_o other_o side_n d._n alonso_n who_o that_o
conclude_v betwixt_o those_o two_o crown_n thus_o much_o concern_v the_o original_a of_o this_o order_n of_o knighthood_n i_o know_v some_o will_v have_v king_n alonso_n the_o chaste_a and_o other_o king_n ramiro_n to_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o it_o long_o belong_v this_o time_n but_o they_o have_v no_o ground_n for_o it_o in_o france_n after_o much_o trouble_n peace_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o earl_n of_o toulouze_n who_o be_v dissatisfy_v for_o that_o the_o king_n obstruct_v the_o marriage_n of_o his_o son_n with_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o late_a earl_n of_o provence_n the_o king_n give_v he_o 3000_o mark_n of_o silver_n to_o quit_v his_o pretension_n and_o his_o son_n marry_v the_o sister_n of_o trencavelle_n viscount_n of_o carcassonne_n her_o name_n be_v beatrix_n hugo_n great_a master_n of_o the_o templar_n be_v very_o instrumental_a in_o make_v this_o accommodation_n castille_n after_o a_o long_a oppression_n begin_v now_o through_o the_o valour_n of_o its_o king_n d._n alonso_n to_o lift_v up_o its_o head_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o power_n of_o the_o moor_n decline_v the_o almohade_n whole_o upon_o take_v up_o with_o the_o affair_n of_o africa_n have_v not_o leisure_n to_o mind_n spain_n beside_o aven_n jacob_n successor_n to_o abdelmon_n though_o of_o sufficient_a valour_n yet_o equal_v not_o his_o father_n in_o good_a fortune_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n be_v now_o at_o age_n resolve_v not_o to_o let_v slip_n so_o good_a a_o opportunity_n of_o inlarge_v his_o territory_n have_v therefore_o take_v his_o revenge_n on_o navarre_n and_o leon_n he_o consult_v with_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n about_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n and_o it_o be_v determine_v to_o begin_v by_o the_o conquest_n of_o cuenca_n this_o city_n be_v build_v by_o the_o moor_n on_o a_o high_a and_o craggy_a hill_n shut_v up_o on_o two_o side_n by_o the_o river_n xucar_n and_o huecar_n so_o that_o it_o be_v natural_o impregnable_a the_o ascent_n be_v difficult_a the_o street_n narrow_a so_o steep_a that_o horse_n can_v go_v in_o many_o of_o they_o in_o those_o day_n it_o have_v no_o spring_n nor_o well_n at_o present_a water_n have_v be_v bring_v description_n to_o it_o from_o other_o hill_n so_o that_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o keep_v the_o town_n from_o water_n but_o not_o practicable_a to_o assault_v it_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o cragginess_n of_o the_o ground_n great_a preparation_n be_v make_v in_o both_o kingdom_n and_o many_o captain_n of_o note_n and_o prelate_n attend_v the_o king_n in_o this_o expedition_n among_o they_o peter_n de_fw-fr açagrd_n be_v now_o reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n be_v the_o first_o that_o take_v his_o post_n before_o the_o city_n the_o siege_n be_v begin_v with_o the_o year_n and_o there_o be_v no_o possibility_n of_o batter_v or_o assault_v the_o town_n last_v long_o the_o moor_n defend_v themselves_o in_o hope_n of_o relief_n siege_n provision_n grow_v as_o scarce_o in_o the_o camp_n as_o in_o the_o town_n and_o they_o live_v only_o upon_o plunder_v beside_o there_o be_v no_o money_n to_o pay_v the_o soldier_n and_o invite_v vivandier_n these_o difficulty_n move_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n to_o go_v to_o burgos_n to_o raise_v money_n the_o cortes_n or_o parliament_n be_v assemble_v it_o be_v propose_v that_o not_o only_o the_o commonalty_n but_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n who_o use_v to_o be_v free_a from_o tax_n shall_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n five_o maravedy_n of_o gold_n a_o head_n for_o that_o the_o populace_n be_v before_o waste_v with_o tax_n this_o advice_n be_v give_v by_o d._n james_n de_fw-fr haro_n lord_n of_o biscay_n who_o sister_n be_v marry_v to_o the_o king_n of_o leon_n and_o bring_v he_o two_o son_n sancho_n and_o garcia_n peter_n earl_n of_o lara_n oppose_v it_o and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o nobility_n join_v he_o leave_v the_o assembly_n resolve_v to_o maintain_v their_o privilege_n by_o force_n of_o arms._n the_o king_n move_v by_o this_o danger_n give_v over_o that_o tax_n it_o be_v agree_v among_o the_o noble_n to_o make_v a_o annual_a feast_n to_o peter_n of_o lara_n and_o his_o successor_n in_o memory_n of_o this_o mutinous_a exploit_n whilst_o these_o take_v debate_n be_v at_o burgos_n the_o siege_n have_v last_v nine_o month_n cuenca_n be_v at_o last_o take_v in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n 1177._o this_o same_o year_n be_v fortunate_a to_o navarre_n in_o the_o birth_n of_o ferdinand_n of_o who_o the_o fruitful_a queen_n beatrix_n be_v deliver_v after_o she_o have_v bring_v sancho_n raymund_n 1177._o berengaria_n teresa_n and_o blanch._n for_o the_o great_a honour_n of_o the_o city_n cuenca_n it_o be_v by_o consent_n of_o the_o pope_n make_v a_o bishopric_n the_o privilege_n of_o valera_n a_o episcopal_n see_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o goth_n be_v translate_v thither_o to_o the_o citizen_n be_v grant_v the_o privilege_n of_o send_v representative_n to_o the_o cortes_n or_o parliament_n in_o reward_n of_o their_o good_a service_n the_o arragonian_n be_v free_v from_o the_o homage_n they_o owe_v to_o castille_n a_o league_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o the_o two_o king_n against_o all_o prince_n except_o he_o of_o leon_n who_o be_v exempt_v in_o respect_n to_o his_o kindred_n after_o cuenca_n the_o war_n continue_v alarcon_n a_o place_n of_o no_o less_o strength_n be_v take_v also_o the_o town_n of_o iniesta_n better_o know_v for_o its_o salt-pit_n the_o salt_n whereof_o be_v like_o transparent_a stone_n than_o for_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o knight_n of_o st._n james_n that_o they_o may_v be_v near_o the_o moor_n be_v order_v to_o settle_v their_o monastery_n at_o vcles_n whence_o king_n ferdinand_n of_o leon_n repent_v santiago_n what_o he_o have_v do_v will_v have_v have_v they_o return_v to_o their_o first_o habitation_n after_o much_o debate_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o four_o priest_n of_o that_o order_n shall_v be_v send_v to_o leon_n who_o shall_v still_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o monastery_n of_o vcles_n which_o they_o afterward_o refuse_v and_o pope_n vrban_n i._o order_v the_o monastery_n shall_v be_v independent_a of_o one_o another_o only_o subject_a to_o the_o great_a master_n of_o the_o order_n not_o long_o after_o these_o knight_n be_v admit_v to_o portugal_n and_o have_v large_a possession_n give_v they_o they_o for_o many_o year_n obey_v the_o great_a master_n of_o the_o order_n till_o king_n denis_n assign_v they_o a_o head_n of_o their_o own_o withdraw_v they_o from_o any_o dependence_n on_o castille_n though_o these_o thing_n fall_v out_o in_o several_a year_n they_o be_v put_v together_o to_o ease_v the_o memory_n let_v we_o return_v to_o the_o series_n of_o the_o history_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n now_o build_v the_o city_n plasencia_n on_o the_o border_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o make_v it_o a_o bishopric_n the_o wall_n of_o toledo_n be_v repair_v and_o the_o town_n of_o alarcos_n rebuilt_a all_o this_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1178._o at_o the_o same_o time_n alonso_n king_n of_o arragon_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o giraldus_n earl_n of_o russillon_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n seize_v upon_o that_o earldom_n and_o from_o thence_o forward_o 1178._o style_v himself_o king_n of_o arragon_n earl_n of_o barcelona_n and_o russillon_n and_o marquis_n of_o provence_n on_o the_o 20_o of_o march_n 1179._o he_o set_v out_o from_o perpignan_n towards_o cazola_n where_o he_o 1179._o be_v to_o have_v a_o interview_n with_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n here_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o valencia_n xativa_n denia_n and_o their_o dependency_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o conquest_n of_o arragon_n all_o the_o other_o town_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o murcia_n be_v assign_v to_o castille_n they_o also_o make_v a_o league_n against_o sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n to_o his_o great_a loss_n for_o the_o castillian_n take_v from_o he_o the_o town_n of_o castillian_n briviesca_n cerezo_n logrono_n and_o all_o that_o lie_v between_o the_o mountain_n doca_n and_o calahorra_n to_o these_o roderick_n the_o archbishop_n add_v navarrete_n thence_o the_o army_n of_o castille_n march_v towards_o leon_n where_o they_o plunder_v and_o waste_v all_o the_o country_n the_o king_n of_o leon_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o defend_v himself_o solicit_v he_o of_o arragon_n put_v he_o in_o mind_n this_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o confederacy_n make_v at_o cuenca_n there_o only_o want_v a_o pretence_n for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n to_o break_v with_o castille_n therefore_o he_o send_v to_o demand_v restitution_n of_o hariza_n and_o its_o castle_n and_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n to_o declare_v war._n great_a be_v the_o apprehension_n of_o a_o bloody_a war_n yet_o the_o king_n of_o castile_n modesty_n prevent_v it_o for_o he_o restore_v hariza_n and_o forbear_v carry_v on_o the_o war_n
against_o leon_n think_v the_o wrong_n do_v he_o have_v be_v sufficient_o revenge_v chap._n vi_o rebellion_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n suppress_v alonso_z king_n of_o portugal_n take_v by_o ferdinand_n of_o leon_n and_o set_v at_o liberty_n be_v besiege_a in_o santarem_n by_o the_o moor_n be_v relieve_v by_o he_o he_o vanquish_v the_o infidel_n action_n of_o his_o son_n sancho_n the_o people_n of_o leon_n bear_v ferdinand_n their_o king_n no_o affection_n some_o pretend_v heavy_a tax_n other_o that_o he_o be_v austere_a and_o the_o city_n salamanca_n complain_v that_o he_o have_v take_v rebel_n part_n of_o their_o territory_n to_o add_v it_o to_o ledesma_n which_o he_o rebuilt_a hereupon_o they_o rebel_v under_o one_o nuno_n rabia_n who_o d._n lucas_n de_fw-fr tuy_n say_v they_o call_v king_n the_o town_n of_o avila_n send_v they_o supply_n but_o king_n ferdinand_n come_v upon_o they_o overthrow_v the_o rebel_n take_v their_o captain_n and_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v execute_v salamanca_n be_v easy_o reduce_v and_o zamora_n before_o mutinous_a by_o this_o example_n be_v pacify_v these_o trouble_n be_v over_o the_o king_n be_v perplex_v how_o to_o relieve_v cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n besiege_v by_o ferdinand_n de_fw-fr castro_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o moor_n s._n isidorus_n patron_n of_o leon_n be_v say_v to_o have_v assist_v he_o in_o vanquish_a they_o as_o he_o do_v and_o grow_v proud_a with_o this_o success_n enter_v portugal_n and_o plunder_v the_o frontier_n d._n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr castro_n be_v prevail_v upon_o by_o the_o king_n to_o quit_v the_o service_n of_o the_o moor_n and_o engage_v under_o he_o against_o castille_n who_o territory_n he_o immediate_o enter_v with_o the_o force_n of_o leon._n near_o lubricall_a in_o the_o country_n of_o campos_n he_o overthrow_v a_o body_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o come_v to_o oppose_v he_o take_v many_o prisoner_n of_o note_n and_o among_o they_o d._n nuno_n de_fw-fr lara_n his_o mortal_a enemy_n he_o treat_v they_o all_o courteous_o and_o give_v they_o their_o liberty_n only_o exact_v a_o oath_n of_o they_o that_o they_o will_v be_v his_o true_a friend_n then_o put_v away_o his_o first_o wife_n he_o marry_v d._n estephania_n king_n ferdinand_n sister_n by_o who_o he_o have_v peter_n de_fw-fr castro_n of_o who_o we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o alonso_z king_n of_o portugal_n though_o of_o a_o great_a age_n have_v warlike_a thought_n and_o resent_v that_o defeat_v cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n be_v a_o curb_n and_o inlet_n to_o portugal_n wherefore_o have_v gather_v a_o powerful_a army_n he_o give_v the_o command_n of_o it_o to_o his_o son_n sancho_n order_v he_o to_o besiege_v that_o city_n be_v persuade_v the_o king_n of_o leon_n now_o engage_v in_o war_n with_o castille_n can_v not_o have_v leisure_n to_o relieve_v it_o king_n ferdinand_n with_o part_n of_o his_o force_n meet_v the_o portuguese_n and_o near_o the_o town_n of_o arraganal_n overthrow_v they_o take_v many_o prisoner_n who_o he_o present_o set_v at_o liberty_n king_n alonso_z after_o this_o loss_n recruit_v his_o army_n enter_v galicia_n where_o he_o take_v limia_n turonia_fw-la and_o some_o other_o to_n then_o have_v increase_v his_o army_n he_o attack_v badojoz_n which_o though_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o moor_n be_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n who_o immediate_o come_v to_o its_o relief_n the_o portague_n have_v already_o take_v part_n of_o the_o city_n but_o portugal_n take_v by_o king_n ferdinand_n of_o leon_n and_o set_v at_o liberty_n of_o dare_v to_o give_v battle_n be_v vanquish_v and_o force_v to_o retire_v into_o the_o very_a town_n that_o be_v no_o place_n of_o safety_n for_o the_o moor_n press_v he_o on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o christian_n on_o the_o other_o attempt_v to_o escape_v he_o be_v strike_v down_o by_o the_o bolt_n of_o the_o gate_n and_o so_o take_v king_n ferdinand_n have_v entertain_v he_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o civility_n and_o cause_v his_o wound_n to_o be_v dress_v give_v he_o his_o liberty_n this_o courtesy_n so_o oblige_v the_o portague_n that_o he_o offer_v to_o submit_v himself_o and_o kingdom_n to_o king_n ferdinand_n which_o be_v refuse_v and_o nothing_o demand_v of_o he_o but_o the_o restitution_n of_o the_o town_n he_o have_v take_v in_o galicia_n the_o follow_a year_n be_v 1180._o on_o the_o first_o of_o october_n die_v luis_n vii_o king_n of_o france_n and_o philip_n augustus_n succeed_v 1180._o he_o about_o the_o same_o time_n sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n build_v the_o city_n victoria_n in_o that_o part_n of_o biscay_n call_v alava_n it_o be_v the_o head_n of_o that_o province_n and_o stand_v where_o former_o be_v tarragona_n a_o village_n call_v gasteiso_n at_o tarragona_n a_o synod_n be_v hold_v where_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o for_o the_o future_a the_o catalonian_o in_o the_o public_a write_n shall_v forbear_v name_v the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o the_o year_n of_o their_o reign_n as_o have_v be_v use_v till_o then_o in_o the_o year_n 1181._o die_v cerebrunns_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n gonzalo_z the_o first_o of_o this_o name_n a_o man_n of_o great_a 1181._o piety_n and_o learning_n succeed_v he_o some_o name_n peter_n de_fw-fr cardona_n before_o d._n gonçalo_n some_o after_o he_o perhaps_o he_o be_v elect_a and_o not_o consecrate_a most_o author_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o he_o king_n ferdinand_n of_o leon_n now_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o badajoz_n that_o city_n be_v altogether_o leon._n inhabit_v by_o moor_n and_o he_o can_v neither_o people_n it_o with_o christian_n nor_o leave_v a_o sufficient_a garrison_n therefore_o he_o give_v the_o government_n of_o it_o to_o abenabel_n a_o moor_n who_o soon_o rebel_v and_o call_v the_o almohade_n to_o his_o assistance_n not_o content_a with_o this_o he_o gather_v a_o army_n waste_v the_o frontier_n of_o leon_n and_o then_o march_v into_o portugal_n besiege_a king_n alonso_n in_o santarem_n king_n ferdinand_n assemble_v his_o force_n march_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o his_o father-in-law_n but_o the_o moor_n not_o dare_v to_o stand_v the_o power_n of_o both_o king_n flee_v at_o first_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n be_v jealous_a of_o king_n ferdinand_n design_n be_v as_o much_o afraid_a of_o he_o as_o of_o the_o moor_n but_o be_v better_o assure_v take_v courage_n king_n ferdinand_n return_v home_o with_o great_a honour_n and_o a_o rich_a booty_n this_o same_o year_n 1181_o pope_n lucius_n iii_o enter_v upon_o the_o 1181._o papacy_n he_o send_v a_o legate_n into_o spain_n to_o settle_v peace_n betwixt_o the_o christian_a prince_n for_o the_o better_a prosecute_a the_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n be_v resolve_v to_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o the_o shrine_n of_o st._n james_n bear_v the_o legate_n company_n into_o castille_n by_o their_o christian_n mediation_n peace_n be_v establish_v the_o bound_n of_o each_o kingdom_n assign_v and_o how_o much_o of_o what_o the_o moor_n possess_v shall_v belong_v to_o the_o conquest_n of_o each_o appoint_v wherein_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n gain_v great_a reputation_n for_o his_o modesty_n have_v no_o further_o assign_v he_o than_o to_o valencia_n but_o afterward_o his_o son_n peter_n be_v dissatisfy_v have_v it_o extend_v to_o alicant_n only_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n can_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o admit_v of_o this_o pacification_n be_v high_o offend_v at_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n for_o the_o great_a harm_n he_o have_v do_v he_o however_o for_o some_o time_n peace_n continue_v among_o the_o christians_n or_o at_o least_o no_o considerable_a hostility_n be_v commit_v the_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o against_o the_o moor_n chief_o by_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1183._o cause_v the_o bone_n of_o s._n vincent_n to_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o cape_n of_o his_o name_n to_o the_o cathedral_n of_o lisbon_n he_o send_v his_o son_n sancho_n to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o tagus_n to_o 1183._o secure_v the_o frontier_n and_o observe_v the_o moor_n sancho_n be_v young_a and_o ambitious_a of_o honour_n with_o a_o good_a force_n enter_v andaluzia_n and_o ravage_v all_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o sevil._n those_o people_n dare_v to_o come_v out_o and_o give_v he_o battle_n he_o overthrow_v they_o and_o lay_v siege_n to_o ilipa_n now_o call_v niebla_n but_o can_v not_o take_v it_o be_v force_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n upon_o news_n bring_v he_o that_o the_o moor_n have_v attack_v beja_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o portugal_n they_o also_o he_o put_v to_o flight_n and_o enter_v santarem_n in_o triumph_n at_o the_o same_o time_n intelligence_n be_v bring_v that_o the_o almohade_n with_o their_o king_n abenjacob_n gather_v mighty_a force_n against_o portugal_n but_o they_o be_v so_o quick_a that_o before_o it_o be_v expect_v they_o sit_v down_o
bunol_n there_o they_o meet_v on_o the_o fourteen_o of_o sept._n 1272_o and_o lay_v aside_o all_o former_a animosity_n conclude_v a_o league_n after_o the_o conference_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n go_v away_o to_o catalonia_n catalonia_n then_o in_o a_o uproar_v cause_v by_o the_o nobility_n armengaud_n de_fw-fr cabrera_n son_n to_o alvero_n de_fw-fr cabrera_n to_o who_o the_o king_n not_o long_o before_o have_v give_v the_o earldom_n of_o vrgel_n be_v the_o great_a incendiary_n the_o king_n besiege_v balaguer_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o that_o earldom_n and_o in_o it_o take_v armengaud_n himself_o and_o his_o uncle_n roger_n bernard_n and_o some_o other_o lord_n who_o he_o long_o keep_v prisoner_n especial_o the_o earl_n of_o faux_n who_o have_v rebel_v several_a time_n thus_o the_o trouble_n of_o catalonia_n end_v prince_n sancho_n of_o castille_n go_v to_o badajoz_n whither_o his_o father_n be_v go_v from_o sevil_n to_o endeavour_v to_o make_v peace_n between_o his_o grandson_n 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together_o all_o the_o king_n set_v forward_o but_o they_o meet_v not_o for_o prince_n sancho_n cunning_o break_v off_o that_o interview_n fear_v his_o father_n who_o be_v inclinable_a to_o his_o grandchild_n may_v conclude_v something_o that_o may_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o he_o however_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o charles_n prince_n of_o taranto_n son_n to_o the_o king_n of_o sicily_n shall_v carry_v the_o message_n between_o the_o king_n yet_o all_o come_v to_o nothing_o prince_n sanoho_n undermine_v their_o design_n the_o french_a only_o ask_v that_o prince_n alonso_n shall_v have_v the_o city_n jaen_fw-mi give_v he_o with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n and_o to_o hold_v of_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n after_o this_o disappointment_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o france_n meet_v about_o the_o same_o affair_n and_o with_o the_o same_o success_n only_o the_o king_n of_o france_n take_v a_o oath_n he_o will_v resign_v the_o lordship_n of_o mompellier_n to_o which_o he_o have_v pretend_v a_o right_n to_o jayme_n king_n of_o majorca_n prince_n sancho_n be_v extreme_o please_v that_o he_o have_v disappoint_v all_o the_o design_n of_o those_o king_n yet_o fear_v his_o father_n love_n towards_o those_o child_n and_o there_o want_v not_o some_o who_o incense_a king_n alonso_n against_o his_o son_n therefore_o the_o prince_n resolve_v to_o strengthen_v himself_o with_o foreign_a aid_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n procure_v a_o interview_n between_o his_o father_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o himself_o at_o a_o town_n call_v campillo_n between_o agreda_n 1281_o and_o taraçona_n on_o the_o 27_o of_o march_n 1281._o at_o this_o conference_n a_o league_n offensive_a and_o arragon_n defensive_a be_v establish_v between_o the_o two_o king_n upon_o penalty_n of_o 20000_o pound_n weight_n of_o silver_n to_o he_o that_o first_o break_v it_o palaçuela_fw-mi teresa_n xera_n and_o ayola_n be_v now_o give_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o in_o lieu_n of_o they_o to_o prince_n emanuel_n the_o king_n brother_n who_o those_o place_n be_v escalona_n be_v give_v this_o be_v what_o be_v public_o act_v in_o private_a they_o conclude_v with_o jont_a force_n to_o invade_v navarre_n and_o agree_v what_o part_n each_o be_v to_o have_v when_o conquer_a prince_n sancho_n obtain_v that_o the_o young_a prince_n his_o nephew_n shall_v be_v secure_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o xativa_n and_o the_o more_o to_o oblige_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n he_o promise_v after_o his_o father_n death_n to_o yield_v he_o up_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o navarre_n and_o to_o give_v he_o in_o castille_n the_o town_n of_o requena_n with_o all_o its_o dependency_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o border_n of_o valencia_n towards_o murcia_n he_o value_v not_o what_o promise_n he_o make_v to_o secure_v his_o power_n d._n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n a_o powerful_a man_n be_v then_o lord_n of_o albaracin_n have_v marry_v the_o daughter_n and_o heiress_n of_o d._n alvero_n de_fw-fr açagra_n 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he_o can_v expect_v to_o gain_v by_o rebel_a sicily_n be_v now_o distress_a with_o war._n roger_n lauria_fw-la serve_v the_o french_a and_o fortune_n seem_v sicily_n to_o incline_v to_o the_o side_n he_o take_v many_o town_n in_o italy_n be_v take_v by_o his_o conduct_n whereupon_o in_o sicily_n he_o be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n and_o a_o great_a estate_n that_o have_v be_v give_v he_o for_o his_o good_a service_n be_v confiscate_v soon_o after_o have_v take_v the_o city_n cantazara_n in_o calabria_n and_o besiege_v the_o castle_n he_o be_v overthow_v in_o battle_n by_o a_o much_o less_o number_n of_o the_o enemy_n many_o of_o his_o man_n slay_v and_o the_o rest_n escape_v by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o night_n his_o too_o great_a contempt_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v with_o the_o sun_n in_o his_o face_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o misfortune_n roger_n lauria_fw-la himself_n be_v wound_v lurk_v about_o some_o time_n till_o he_o make_v his_o escape_n into_o arragon_n meditate_v revenge_n be_v the_o more_o sensible_a of_o this_o disgrace_n for_o that_o it_o be_v the_o first_o that_o befall_v he_o from_o arragon_n the_o king_n and_o roger_n lauria_fw-la set_v sail_n with_o a_o mighty_a fleet_n in_o which_o be_v no_o less_o than_o 80_o galley_n they_o go_v direct_o to_o rome_n where_o the_o pope_n blessed_v their_o standard_n and_o give_v they_o his_o benediction_n at_o naples_n robert_n duke_n of_o calabria_n join_v they_o with_o another_o squadron_n they_o scour_v the_o coast_n of_o sicily_n where_o at_o first_o they_o find_v less_o opposition_n than_o have_v be_v expect_v the_o city_n patti_n and_o some_o other_o place_n about_o it_o be_v take_v then_o turn_v cape_n milazzo_n near_o mecina_n and_o pass_v the_o straight_a they_o come_v to_o the_o city_n siracusa_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o whilst_o the_o force_n of_o arragon_n be_v employ_v at_o that_o siege_n the_o people_n of_o patti_n run_v to_o arm_n expel_v the_o garrison_n and_o besiege_v the_o castle_n which_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o arragonian_n john_n lauria_fw-la be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n with_o 20_o galley_n to_o relieve_v the_o besiege_v and_o furnish_v they_o with_o provision_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n but_o as_o he_o return_v be_v beat_v by_o the_o mecinese_n who_o lie_v in_o wait_n for_o he_o with_o a_o squadron_n in_o the_o straight_a and_o he_o with_o 16_o of_o his_o galley_n take_v the_o occasion_n of_o this_o disaster_n be_v thus_o the_o sicilian_n be_v better_o acquaint_v with_o that_o swell_a and_o rapid_a streight_n where_o they_o fight_v which_o be_v betwixt_o italy_n and_o sicily_n siracusa_n hold_v out_o brave_o be_v encourage_v by_o king_n frederick_n who_o lie_v not_o far_o off_o wait_v to_o lay_v hold_n on_o any_o advantage_n that_o arragonian_n shall_v offer_v thus_o the_o arragonian_n be_v constrain_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n have_v lose_v 18000_o man_n by_o sickness_n at_o mecina_n john_n lauria_fw-la be_v try_v and_o condemn_v as_o a_o traitor_n and_o have_v his_o head_n cut_v off_o roger_n lauria_fw-la rave_v with_o passion_n know_v that_o affront_n be_v offer_v to_o he_o but_o can_v not_o then_o seek_v revenge_n be_v go_v into_o spain_n with_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o winter_n be_v over_o they_o both_o return_v to_o sicily_n with_o a_o great_a fleet_n than_o before_o robert_n and_o philip_n the_o king_n of_o naples_n his_o two_o son_n join_v they_o by_o the_o way_n they_o sail_v together_o to_o cape_n orlando_n near_o the_o city_n patti_n the_o fleet_n consist_v of_o 56_o galley_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o other_o vessel_n king_n frederick_n find_v his_o man_n in_o heart_n since_o their_o last_o success_n though_o inferior_a in_o strength_n not_o have_v above_o 40_o galley_n resolve_v to_o fight_n but_o be_v defeat_v several_a of_o his_o galley_n take_v and_o the_o rest_n put_v to_o flight_n roger_n lauria_fw-la in_o revenge_n for_o his_o sea_n cousin_n use_v great_a cruelty_n towards_o the_o prisoner_n kill_v many_o of_o they_o and_o among_o other_o conrade_z lança_o a_o man_n of_o note_n which_o draw_v the_o catalonian_o into_o great_a hatred_n king_n frederick_n himself_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n for_o after_o a_o brave_a defence_n he_o faint_v away_o and_o yet_o his_o man_n bring_v off_o his_o galley_n which_o with_o a_o few_o other_o get_v into_o mecina_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n return_v into_o spain_n be_v call_v by_o his_o people_n but_o the_o pope_n and_o king_n of_o naples_n be_v offend_v at_o he_o that_o memorable_a battle_n be_v fight_v on_o a_o saturday_n be_v the_o four_o of_o july_n 1299._o the_o same_o year_n die_v at_o rome_n gonçalo_n cardinal_n and_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n as_o appear_v 1299_o by_o the_o inscription_n on_o his_o tomb_n in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n marry_o the_o great_a in_o that_o city_n d._n gonçalo_n the_o iiid_n his_o nephew_n succeed_v he_o the_o french_a who_o remain_v in_o sicily_n to_o prosecute_v their_o victory_n divide_v their_o force_n robert_n and_o roger_n lauria_fw-la lay_v siege_n to_o rendazzo_n a_o strong_a place_n in_o the_o midway_n between_o patti_n and_o catanea_n philip_n duke_n of_o taranto_n go_v with_o part_n of_o the_o fleet_n to_o scour_v the_o coast_n about_o cape_n trapana_n king_n frederick_n come_v upon_o he_o so_o unexpected_o that_o he_o be_v defeat_v and_o take_v prisoner_n which_o occasion_v a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n and_o those_o two_o nation_n conclude_v a_o alliance_n as_o fortunate_a as_o the_o war_n have_v be_v destructive_a it_o be_v now_o the_o last_o year_n of_o this_o century_n viz._n 1300._o remarkable_a for_o the_o jubilee_n first_o institute_v 1300_o by_o pope_n boniface_n who_o ordain_v that_o every_o hundred_o year_n there_o shall_v be_v a_o full_a remission_n institute_v of_o sin_n to_o all_o those_o that_o visit_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n clement_n the_o vith_o reduce_v it_o to_o every_o 50_o year_n and_o afterward_o sixtus_n the_o ivth_o consider_v the_o shortness_n of_o man_n life_n to_o 25._o in_o biscay_n this_o year_n be_v build_v the_o famous_a city_n bilbao_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n ibaisebolo_fw-it build_v two_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n a_o place_n of_o great_a trade_n and_o therefore_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o bermeo_n all_o remove_v thither_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n found_v a_o university_n at_o lerida_n navarre_n enjoy_v a_o perfect_a peace_n under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o viceroy_n alonso_n roleedo_n who_o send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o queen_n of_o castille_n then_o at_o valladolid_n to_o demand_v restitution_n of_o all_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o atapuerca_n a_o town_n near_o burgos_n allege_v it_o appertain_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o navarre_n and_o have_v be_v wrongful_o possess_v by_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n the_o queen_n entertain_v the_o ambassador_n noble_o but_o give_v they_o no_o satisfactory_a answer_n whereupon_o they_o repair_v to_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n and_o d._n john_n nunez_n de_fw-fr lara_n who_o have_v in_o vain_a attempt_v valencia_n be_v retire_v to_o duenas_n d._n alonso_n have_v hear_v the_o ambassador_n easy_o grant_v what_o he_o have_v not_o and_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n be_v send_v to_o france_n to_o desire_v succour_n little_o be_v do_v in_o that_o matter_n though_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cerda_n and_o his_o brother_n both_o follow_v d._n john_n into_o france_n for_o they_o get_v nothing_o but_o good_a word_n and_o leave_v to_o raise_v man_n in_o navarre_n the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v engage_v in_o a_o war_n in_o flanders_n they_o according_o form_v a_o body_n in_o navarre_n and_o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o calahorra_n be_v rout_v by_o d._n john_n alonso_n de_fw-fr haro_n lord_n of_o cameros_n d._n john_n de_fw-fr lara_n be_v take_v and_o can_v not_o be_v release_v till_o he_o deliver_v up_o all_o the_o town_n he_o hold_v for_o the_o king_n and_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n make_v use_v of_o this_o occasion_n to_o take_v from_o he_o the_o town_n of_o albarazin_n he_o have_v before_o give_v he_o 1301_o prince_n john_n the_o king_n uncle_n submit_v himself_o in_o the_o year_n 1301._o upon_o these_o condition_n viz._n that_o he_o shall_v forbear_v still_v himself_o king_n and_o restore_v all_o place_n take_v during_o the_o war_n k._n that_o he_o shall_v leave_v the_o lordship_n of_o biscay_n to_o which_o he_o pretend_v a_o title_n by_o his_o wife_n to_o d._n james_n lopez_n de_fw-fr haro_n that_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o the_o town_n of_o medina_n de_fw-fr ruyseco_n castronuno_n mansilla_n paredes_n and_o cebreros_n be_v give_v he_o to_o support_v his_o dignity_n chap._n iii_o of_o raimundus_n lullus_n and_o the_o master_n of_o calatrava_n the_o marriage_n of_o king_n
of_o the_o moor_n erect_v in_o spain_n by_o abderhaman_n his_o death_n and_o war_n among_o his_o son_n p._n 107_o chap._n v._o the_o reign_n of_o d._n alonso_n the_o chaste_a the_o nestorian_a heresy_n revive_v the_o king_n sister_n debauch_v he_o take_v lisbon_n war_n among_o the_o moor_n invention_n of_o the_o body_n of_o s._n james_n the_o apostle_n and_o defeat_v of_o charlemagne_n p._n 109_o chap._n vi_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n alonso_n rebellion_n among_o the_o moor_n alhaca_n the_o moor_n die_v and_o abderhaman_n succeed_v he_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n ramiro_n he_o overthrow_v the_o moor_n in_o a_o great_a battle_n his_o death_n and_o invasion_n of_o the_o norman_n p._n 110_o chap._n vii_o the_o persecution_n raise_v by_o the_o moor_n at_o cordova_n the_o reign_n of_o d._n ordonno_n over_o the_o christian_n and_o mahomet_n over_o the_o moor_n p._n 112_o chap._n viii_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n alonso_n the_o great_a he_o be_v expel_v and_o restore_v his_o brother_n conspire_v against_o he_o and_o be_v punish_v the_o church_n of_o st._n james_n the_o apostle_n make_v a_o archbishopric_n mahomet_n the_o moorish_a king_n die_v p._n 114_o chap._n ix_o the_o death_n of_o king_n alonso_n the_o great_a the_o reign_v of_o d._n garcia_n and_o d._n ordonno_n ii_o of_o oviedo_n and_o of_o almundar_n abdalla_n and_o abderhaman_n of_o cordova_n p._n 116_o the_o eight_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o original_a of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o navarre_n and_o arragon_n and_o earl_n of_o barcelona_n with_o their_o succession_n and_o action_n down_o to_o the_o time_n of_o king_n ordonno_n ii_o of_o leon._n p._n 118_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o earl_n of_o castille_n the_o reign_v of_o d._n fruela_fw-la ii_o king_n of_o leon._n fiction_n concern_v the_o king_n of_o navarre_n the_o reign_n of_o their_o king_n d._n sancho_n abarca_n p._n 120_o chap._n iii_o the_o reign_v of_o alonso_n iu._n and_o ramiro_n ii_o king_n of_o leon._n sancho_n abarca_n king_n of_o navarre_n slay_v by_o fernan_n gonzalez_n earl_n of_o castille_n several_a defeat_n of_o the_o moor_n agreat_a eclipse_n p._n 121_o chap._n iu_o the_o reign_v of_o d._n ordonno_n iii_o d._n sancho_n the_o gross_a king_n of_o leon_n and_o of_o garcia_n sanchez_n king_n of_o navarre_n and_o action_n of_o fernan_n gonzalez_n earl_n of_o castille_n p._n 123_o chap._n v._o the_o reign_n of_o ramiro_n iii_o king_n of_o leon._n death_n of_o earl_n fernan_n gonzalez_n norman_n infest_v the_o coast_n of_o spain_n division_n among_o the_o moor_n rebellion_n against_o the_o king_n of_o leon_n and_o his_o death_n p._n 126_o chap._n vi_o the_o reign_n of_o bermudo_n ii_o call_v the_o gouty_a king_n of_o leon._n discord_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o earl_n of_o castille_n leon_n and_o barcelona_n take_v by_o the_o infidel_n garcia_n king_n of_o navarre_n dies_z his_o son_n garci_n sanchez_n succeed_v he_o p._n 127_o chap._n vii_o the_o death_n of_o king_n bermudo_n the_o gouty_a and_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o d._n alonso_n v._o king_n of_o leon._n many_o trouble_n among_o the_o moor_n the_o earl_n of_o castille_n slay_v by_o the_o infidel_n p._n 130_o chap._n viii_o continue_v the_o mighty_a revolution_n among_o the_o infidel_n with_o the_o dismember_n of_o the_o mighty_a kingdom_n of_o cordova_n and_o erect_v of_o several_a other_o little_a sovereignty_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o spain_n p._n 132_o chap._n ix_o the_o last_o action_n of_o d._n alonso_n king_n of_o leon_n and_o his_o death_n the_o reign_n of_o d._n bermudo_fw-la iii_o his_o son_n sancho_n earl_n of_o castille_n poison_n his_o mother_n his_o son_n garcia_n murder_v p._n 133_o chap._n x._o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o sancho_n the_o great_a king_n of_o navarre_n wicked_a contrivance_n of_o his_o son_n against_o their_o mother_n he_o settle_v religious_a affair_n rebuild_v palencia_n and_o be_v murder_v p._n 135_o the_o nine_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o posture_n of_o affair_n in_o spain_n action_n of_o d._n berenguel_v earl_n of_o barcelona_n kingdom_n of_o the_o moor_n war_n betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o leon._n ferdinand_n crown_v king_n of_o leon._n p._n 137_o chap._n ii_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o castille_n and_o leon_n the_o most_o powerful_a king_n of_o spain_n overthrow_v the_o moor_n take_v several_a town_n and_o ravages_n the_o territory_n of_o the_o infidel_n ramiro_n king_n of_o arragon_n war_n on_o his_o brother_n of_o navarre_n p._n 138_o chap._n iii_o s._n isidorus_n be_v body_n translate_v to_o leon._n conversion_n of_o two_o moorish_a princess_n garcia_n king_n of_o navarre_n kill_v by_o his_o brother_n ferdinand_n ramiro_n king_n of_o arragon_n recover_v his_o dominion_n p._n 140_o chap._n iu_o the_o manner_n how_o spain_n come_v to_o be_v exempt_v from_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o famous_a roderick_n diaz_n de_fw-fr bivar_n common_o call_v cid_n his_o extraction_n and_o first_o action_n three_o synod_n hold_v in_o spain_n p._n 141_o chap._n v._o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o castille_n and_o leon._n his_o dominion_n divide_v among_o his_o child_n of_o d._n ramiro_n king_n of_o arragon_n perpignan_n build_v p._n 143_o chap._n vi_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o war_n d._n sancho_n make_v upon_o his_o two_o brother_n he_o expel_v alonso_n king_n of_o leon_n first_o and_o then_o garcia_n king_n of_o galicia_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n zamora_n and_o be_v there_o murder_v p._n 144_o chap._n vii_o king_n alonso_z returns_z from_o among_o the_o moor_n and_o recover_v his_o brother_n kingdom_n the_o first_o part_n of_o his_o reign_n action_n of_o roderick_n de_fw-fr bivar_n king_n sancho_n of_o navarre_n murder_v by_o his_o own_o brother_n p._n 146_o chap._n viii_o the_o death_n of_o almenon_n king_n of_o toledo_n and_o of_o d._n ramon_n earl_n of_o barcelona_n the_o conquest_n of_o the_o moor_n in_o italy_n the_o conquest_n of_o toledo_n resolve_v upon_o ramon_n earl_n of_o barcelona_n murder_v p._n 148_o chap._n ix_o the_o famous_a city_n toledo_n close_o besiege_a and_o surrender_v many_o other_o place_n take_v king_n alonso_z style_v himself_o emperor_n p._n 150_o chap._n x._o the_o election_n of_o the_o new_a archbishop_n of_o toledo_n the_o abolish_n the_o old_a missal_n and_o breviary_n the_o original_a of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n his_o spiritual_a jurisdiction_n over_o all_o spain_n king_n alphonso_n wife_n and_o child_n new_a war_n break_v out_o in_o spain_n p._n 151_o the_o ten_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o moorish_a family_n of_o the_o almoravide_n come_v into_o spain_n king_n alonso_z twice_o overthrow_v by_o they_o several_a stranger_n come_v out_o of_o france_n to_o serve_v under_o he_o he_o bestow_v three_o of_o his_o daughter_n on_o they_o the_o holy_a war_n in_o the_o east_n p._n 153._o chap._n ii_o the_o great_a action_n of_o d._n sancho_n ramirez_n king_n of_o arragon_n he_o be_v kill_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o huesca_n his_o son_n continue_v the_o siege_n rout_n a_o great_a army_n of_o the_o moor_n and_o christian_n that_o come_v to_o raise_v it_o and_o take_v the_o place_n p._n 155_o chap._n iii_o great_a preparation_n through_o christendom_n for_o the_o holy_a war._n valencia_n take_v by_o roderick_n de_fw-fr bivar_n other_o action_n of_o he_o suspect_v to_o be_v fabulous_a his_o death_n and_o that_o of_o joseph_n the_o moorish_a monarch_n p._n 156_o chap._n iu_o the_o death_n of_o sancho_n prince_n of_o castille_n and_o of_o the_o two_o king_n peter_n i._o of_o arragon_n and_o alonso_z iu._n of_o castille_n the_o moorish_a king_n of_o zaragoça_n of_o two_o holy_a men._n p._n 158_o chap._n v._o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n urraca_n her_o lewdness_n she_o be_v divorce_v from_o her_o husband_n depose_v from_o the_o government_n her_o son_n alonso_n proclaim_v king_n of_o castille_n p._n 160_o chap._n vi_o the_o war_n of_o majorca_n and_o zaragoça_n the_o schism_n of_o burdinus_n peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o the_o crown_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n the_o original_a of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n p._n 162_o chap._n vii_o a_o schism_n in_o the_o church_n on_o account_n of_o the_o antipope_n peace_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o arragon_n war_n with_o the_o moor_n original_a of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n p._n 163_o chap._n viii_o the_o war_n betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o the_o moor_n the_o death_n of_o king_n alonso_n of_o arragon_n and_o revolution_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o navarre_n the_o former_a choses_fw-fr ramiro_n a_o monk_n the_o latter_a garcia_n for_o their_o king_n p._n 165_o chap._n ix_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o arragon_n and_o navarre_n style_v himself_o emperor_n ramiro_n king_n of_o arragon_n resign_v and_o his_o son-in-law_n raymund_n earl_n of_o barcelona_n assume_v the_o crown_n p._n 167_o chap._n x._o d._n
alonso_n of_o portugal_n take_v the_o title_n of_o king_n his_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n war_n betwixt_o the_o christian_a prince_n and_o peace_n conclude_v baeça_n and_o almeria_n take_v by_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o lisbon_n by_o he_o of_o portugal_n p._n 169_o the_o eleven_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o come_n into_o spain_n of_o the_o moor_n call_v almohade_n the_o death_n of_o d._n garcia_n king_n of_o navarre_n by_o a_o fall_n from_o his_o horse_n his_o son_n sancho_n succeed_v he_o king_n alonso_z and_o his_o daughter_n both_o marry_v many_o place_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n p._n 171_o chap._n ii_o king_n luis_n the_o young_a of_o france_n come_v into_o spain_n alonso_z of_o castille_n and_o leon_n call_v the_o emperor_n die_v his_o son_n sancho_n and_o ferdinand_n inherit_v the_o crown_n of_o castille_n and_o leon._n original_a of_o the_o knight_n of_o calatrava_n p._n 174_o chap._n iii_o the_o death_n of_o sancho_n king_n of_o castille_n the_o great_a commotion_n that_o ensue_v the_o death_n of_o raymund_n prince_n of_o arragon_n his_o issue_n alonso_z his_o elder_a son_n succeed_v in_o his_o dominion_n p._n 176_o chap._n iu_o alonso_z the_o young_a king_n of_o castille_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n recover_v most_o of_o his_o dominion_n join_v in_o league_n with_o the_o aragonian_a and_o marry_v ellenor_n the_o daughter_n to_o henry_n ii_o king_n of_o england_n some_o action_n of_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o leon._n p._n 178_o chap._n v._o the_o league_n make_v against_o peter_n ruiz_n de_fw-fr açagra_n the_o original_a of_o the_o knight_n of_o santiago_n the_o take_n of_o cuenca_n by_o the_o christian_n increase_v of_o the_o knight_n of_o santiago_n or_o s._n james_n the_o apostle_n several_a place_n in_o navarre_n take_v by_o the_o castilian_n p._n 180_o chap._n vi_o rebellion_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o leon_n suppress_v alonso_z king_n of_o portugal_n take_v by_o ferdinard_n of_o leon_n and_o set_v at_o liberty_n be_v besiege_a in_o santarem_n by_o the_o moor_n be_v relieve_v by_o he_o he_o vanquish_v the_o infidel_n action_n of_o his_o son_n sancho_n p._n 182_o chap._n vii_o the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o leon_n and_o portugal_n alliance_n betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n the_o defeat_n of_o the_o christian_n at_o alarcos_n sancho_n the_o wise_a king_n of_o navarre_n dies_z sancho_n i._o king_n of_o portugal_n alonso_z ix_o of_o leon._n p._n 183_o chap._n viii_o king_n alonso_z of_o arragon_n die_v and_o his_o son_n peter_n succeed_v he_o the_o king_n of_o leon_n divorce_v castilian_n and_o arragonian_n overrun_v navarre_n alonso_z king_n of_o castille_n be_v two_o daughter_n marry_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o leon._n plague_n and_o famine_n in_o spain_n p._n 186_o chap._n ix_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o death_n of_o some_o person_n of_o note_n peace_n conclude_v and_o alliance_n betwixt_o all_o the_o christian_a king_n of_o spain_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n a_o vast_a multitude_n of_o foreigner_n come_v to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o christian_a king_n of_o spain_n p._n 187_o chap._n x._o the_o further_a progress_n of_o the_o christian_a army_n which_o obtain_v a_o most_o signal_n victory_n over_o the_o infidel_n of_o who_o 200000_o be_v slay_v and_o this_o call_v the_o battle_n of_o navas_n de_fw-fr tolosa_n many_o town_n take_v after_o this_o success_n p._n 189_o the_o twelve_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o original_a and_o growth_n of_o the_o heresy_n of_o the_o albigenses_n which_o spread_v all_o over_o france_n and_o some_o part_n of_o spain_n preach_v against_o they_o unsuccessful_a war_n be_v resolve_v upon_o p._n 191_o chap._n ii_o the_o death_n of_o peter_n king_n of_o arragon_n and_o of_o alonso_z king_n of_o castille_n simon_n earl_n of_o montfort_n general_n of_o the_o catholic_n overthrow_v the_o heretic_n and_o take_v the_o town_n they_o have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o p._n 193_o chap._n iii_o disorder_n in_o castille_n and_o arragon_n under_o the_o two_o infant_n king_n sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n altogether_o decripid_a the_o lateran_n general_n council_n honour_n do_v there_o to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n p._n 195_o chap._n iu_o the_o family_n of_o lara_n take_v the_o government_n of_o castille_n into_o their_o hand_n they_o commit_v many_o insolence_n and_o oppress_v the_o nobility_n young_a king_n henry_n marry_v and_o divorce_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n escape_v from_o his_o keeper_n p._n 197_o chap._n v._o great_a disorder_n in_o castille_n raise_v by_o the_o family_n of_o lara_n young_a king_n henry_n kill_v by_o the_o fall_n of_o a_o tile_n ferdinand_n prince_n of_o leon_n succeed_v his_o mother_n berengaria_n renounce_v she_o right_o order_n of_o s._n dominick_n s._n francis_n and_o la_fw-fr merced_n institute_v p._n 198_o chap._n vi_o the_o marriage_n of_o two_o king_n ferdinand_n of_o castille_n and_o jayme_n of_o arragon_n king_n ferdinand_n quell_v many_o commotion_n death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o portugal_n p._n 200_o chap._n vii_o king_n ferdinand_n of_o castille_n be_v great_a success_n against_o the_o moor_n king_n jayme_n of_o arragon_n seize_v by_o some_o rebellious_a noble_n make_v his_o escape_n and_o commence_v war_n against_o the_o rebel_n p._n 202_o chap._n viii_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n renew_v the_o island_n of_o majorca_n conquer_a by_o the_o arragonian_n the_o pope_n legate_n disannul_v the_o marriage_n of_o king_n jayme_n on_o account_n of_o consanguinity_n raymund_n earl_n of_o toulouze_n a_o heretic_n reduce_v p._n 204_o chap._n ix_o alonso_z king_n of_o leon_n defeat_v the_o moor_n take_v merida_n and_o badajoz_n and_o die_v crown_n of_o castille_n and_o leon_n unite_v under_o ferdinand_n sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n dies_z theobald_n succeed_v he_o interview_n of_o several_a king_n p._n 205_o chap._n x._o the_o beginning_n progress_n and_o end_n of_o the_o war_n against_o cordova_n with_o the_o conquest_n of_o that_o noble_a city_n p._n 206_o chap._n xi_o a_o moorish_a king_n baptise_a description_n of_o valencia_n its_o siege_n and_o surrender_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n who_o be_v wound_v before_o it_o theobald_n king_n of_o navarre_n goes_z with_o other_o to_o the_o holy-war_n p._n 207_o the_o thirteen_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o take_n of_o many_o town_n by_o the_o christian_n the_o kingdom_n of_o murcia_n surrender_v to_o king_n ferdinand_n his_o marriage_n salamanca_n make_v a_o university_n 20000_o moor_n defeat_v by_o the_o christian_n p._n 208_o chap._n ii_o a_o defeat_n of_o the_o christian_n who_o recover_v and_o be_v successful_a take_v jaen_n and_o many_o other_o place_n the_o king_n of_o granada_n make_v tributary_n king_n sancho_n ii_o of_o portugal_n expel_v by_o his_o rebellious_a subject_n p._n 209_o chap._n iii_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o war_n against_o sevil._n arragon_n under_o a_o general_n interdict_v the_o siege_n and_o surrender_n of_o sevil._n carmona_n and_o several_a other_o place_n p._n 210_o chap._n iu_o s._n luis_n king_n of_o france_n send_v present_n to_o the_o church_n of_o toledo_n and_o make_v a_o unfortunate_a expedition_n to_o the_o holy-land_n arragon_n embroil_v king_n ferdinand_n of_o castille_n after_o gain_v much_o from_o the_o moor_n dies_fw-la p._n 211_o chap._n v._o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n alonso_n he_o be_v choose_v emperor_n by_o part_n of_o the_o elector_n and_o richard_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o the_o rest_n theobald_n i._o king_n of_o navarre_n dies_z his_o son_n theobald_n ii_o succeed_v he_o p._n 212_o chap._n vi_o arragon_n and_o castille_n at_o variance_n and_o reconcile_v sancho_n king_n of_o portugal_n die_v in_o exile_n death_n of_o the_o queen_n and_o prince_n of_o arragon_n portugal_n under_o a_o interdict_v marriage_n of_o the_o king_n of_o of_o navarre_n and_o prince_n of_o arragon_n p._n 213_o chap._n vii_o the_o family_n of_o the_o merines_n obtain_v the_o empire_n of_o africa_n the_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n renew_v in_o spain_n cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n build_v trouble_n in_o arragon_n the_o city_n murcia_n take_v and_o the_o king_n of_o granada_n make_v tributary_n p._n 214_o chap._n viii_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o norman_n in_o sicily_n extinguish_v by_o the_o french_a the_o empress_n of_o constantinople_n come_v into_o spain_n and_o jayme_n king_n of_o arragon_n to_o toledo_n p._n 215_o chap._n ix_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n be_v expedition_n for_o the_o holy-land_n the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o navarre_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n move_v upon_o the_o same_o enterprise_n the_o noble_n of_o castille_n revolt_n trouble_n in_o arragon_n p._n 216_o chap._n x._o rodulphus_fw-la of_o ausburg_n choose_a emperor_n henry_n king_n of_o navarre_n dies_z his_o daughter_n joanna_n inherit_v alonso_z king_n of_o castille_n agree_v with_o his_o noble_n then_o go_v into_o france_n
henry_n of_o castille_n create_v a_o duke_n p._n 404_o chap._n iu_o proceed_n and_o defeat_n of_o the_o rebel_n in_o catalonia_n death_n of_o ishmael_n king_n of_o granada_n progress_n of_o the_o rebellion_n in_o castille_n and_o most_o villainous_a action_n of_o the_o rebel_n who_o proclaim_v prince_n alonso_n king_n the_o king_n and_o they_o disband_v p._n 406_o chap._n v._o peter_n constable_n of_o portugal_n die_v the_o rebel_n in_o catalonia_n choose_v the_o duke_n of_o anjou_n for_o their_o king_n the_o battle_n of_o olmedo_n the_o death_n of_o the_o queen_n of_o arragon_n and_o prince_z alonso_z of_o castille_n the_o king_n recover_v toledo_n the_o rebel_n of_o castille_n affront_v the_o pope_n legate_n and_o be_v excommunicate_v p._n 408_o chap._n vi_o john_n duke_n of_o lorraine_n support_n and_o head_n the_o rebel_n in_o catalonia_n for_o his_o father_n ferdinand_n prince_n of_o arragon_n declare_v king_n of_o sicily_n the_o crown_n of_o castille_n offer_v to_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n she_o refuse_v it_o peace_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o noble_n p._n 410_o chap._n vii_o the_o marriage_n of_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o sicily_n with_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n of_o castille_n and_o of_o the_o duke_n of_o guienne_n with_o the_o princess_n joanna_n who_o be_v swear_v heiress_n of_o castille_n difference_n betwixt_o the_o knight_n of_o alcantara_n and_o their_o master_n and_o trouble_v in_o biscay_n the_o portuguese_n take_v arzila_n and_o tangier_n in_o africa_n p._n 412_o chap._n viii_o the_o tumult_n and_o confusion_n in_o arragon_n sardinia_n and_o navarre_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n labour_v to_o reduce_v his_o rebel_n pope_n paul_n ii_o die_n sixtus_n iv._o choose_v king_n alonso_z of_o portugal_n take_v arzila_n and_o tangier_n in_o africa_n p._n 414_o chap._n ix_o catalonia_n reduce_v charles_n duke_n of_o guienne_n die_v cardinal_n borgia_n the_o pope_n legate_n come_v into_o spain_n interview_n of_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o portugal_n the_o master_n of_o santiago_n strengthen_v himself_o against_o his_o enemy_n barcelona_n surrender_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n p._n 416_o chap._n x._o the_o pope_n legate_n practice_n against_o king_n henry_n of_o castille_n massacre_n of_o the_o jew_n signal_n loyalty_n of_o peter_n de_fw-fr peralta_n traitorous_a practice_n of_o elizabeth_n sister_n to_o king_n henry_n of_o castille_n a_o synod_n at_o aranda_n p._n 417_o the_o twenty_o four_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o princess_n elizabeth_n pretend_v to_o be_v reconcile_v to_o her_o brother_n and_o open_o aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n upon_o his_o indisposition_n d._n john_n pacheco_n master_n of_o santiago_n dies_fw-la difference_n betwixt_o the_o french_a and_o arragonian_n king_n ferdinand_n go_v to_o barcelona_n jew_n massacre_v in_o sicily_n ferdinand_n and_o elizabeth_n proclaim_v king_n and_o queen_n of_o castille_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n undertake_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o princess_n joanna_n his_o niece_n p._n 420_o chap._n ii_o the_o death_n of_o henry_n king_n of_o castille_n ferdinand_n and_o elizabeth_n usurp_v the_o crown_n of_o castille_n from_o joanna_n the_o rightful_a heiress_n and_o be_v proclaim_a king_n and_o queen_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n undertake_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o rightful_a heiress_n his_o niece_n p._n 422_o chap._n iii_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n call_v himself_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o be_v assist_v by_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n be_v contract_v to_o joanna_n the_o rightful_a heiress_n he_o take_v several_a place_n in_o castille_n the_o french_a make_v peace_n with_o england_n and_o engage_v to_o assist_v portugal_n against_o ferdinand_n p._n 424_o chap._n iu_o prince_n john_n of_o portugal_n come_v into_o castille_n with_o force_n to_o his_o father_n assistance_n the_o battle_n of_o toro_n betwixt_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o he_o of_o portugal_n the_o latter_a defeat_v the_o castilian_a nobility_n forsake_v he_o and_o he_o return_v home_o p._n 426_o chap._n v._o the_o tumult_n of_o navarre_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n be_v zoyage_n into_o france_n toro_n recover_v by_o the_o castiliano_fw-mi from_o the_o portuguese_n several_a other_o place_n retake_v charles_n the_o bold_a duke_n of_o burgundy_n and_o galcazzo_n duke_n of_o milan_n murder_v p._n 428_o chap._n vi_o king_n ferdinand_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o mastership_n of_o santiago_n in_o trust_n which_o have_v ever_o since_o continue_v in_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n war_n with_o the_o moor_n of_o andaluzia_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n after_o have_v abdicate_v his_o crown_n return_v home_o and_o be_v restore_v by_o his_o son_n p._n 429_o chap._n vii_o sardinia_n entire_o reduce_v the_o birth_n of_o john_n prince_n of_o castille_n the_o inquisition_n first_o settle_v in_o spain_n peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o france_n and_o castille_n the_o death_n of_o king_n john_n of_o arragon_n p._n 431_o chap._n viii_o ellenor_n queen_n of_o navarre_n the_o trouble_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o her_o death_n the_o countess_n of_o medellin_n raise_v tumult_n in_o castille_n portugueses_n overthrow_v by_o the_o castilian_n heretical_a opinion_n start_v and_o condemn_v in_o spain_n king_n ferdinand_n go_v into_o arragon_n p._n 434_o chap._n ix_o peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o castille_n and_o portugal_n the_o turk_n get_v foot_v in_o italy_n and_o be_v again_o expel_v king_n alonso_z of_o portugal_n die_v henry_n the_o late_a king_n of_o castille_n be_v grant_n vacate_v by_o the_o cortes_n prince_n john_n son_n to_z king_n ferdinand_z swear_a heir_n of_o castille_n p._n 435_o chap._n x._o francis_n king_n of_o navarre_n come_v out_o of_o france_n be_v crown_v and_o soon_o after_o die_v a_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n punish_v and_o the_o conspirator_n punish_v peace_n betwixt_o castille_n and_o portugal_n ratify_v luis_n xi_o king_n of_o france_n die_v p._n 437_o the_o twenty_o five_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o war_n with_o granada_n king_n albahazen_a surprise_v zahara_n alhama_n take_v from_o the_o infidel_n and_o in_o vain_a besiege_v by_o they_o again_o p._n 440_o chap._n ii_o preparation_n for_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n loxa_n in_o vain_a besiege_v and_o that_o war_n lay_v aside_o for_o some_o time_n some_o tumult_n in_o galicia_n a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o christian_n on_o the_o mountain_n of_o malaga_n p._n 441_o chap._n iii_o the_o moor_n defeat_v and_o boabdill_n their_o king_n take_v and_o afterward_o release_v the_o affair_n of_o navarre_n pope_n sixtus_n die_v innocent_a viii_o succeed_v he_o marquess_z deal_v gasto_n and_o pescara_n from_o who_o descend_v p._n 444_o chap._n iu_o alora_n and_o other_o place_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n albohardil_n usurp_v the_o crown_n of_o granada_n and_o defeat_v the_o earl_n of_o cabra_fw-la the_o rebellion_n in_o naples_n birth_n of_o the_o princess_n katherine_n of_o castille_n afterward_o wife_n to_o henry_n viii_o king_n of_o england_n p._n 446_o chap._n v._o the_o tumult_n in_o arragon_n and_o catalonia_n several_a town_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n a_o sedition_n in_o galicia_n king_n albohardil_n attack_n the_o castle_n call_v albayzin_n in_o granada_n and_o be_v repulse_v azamor_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n deliver_v to_o the_o portuguese_n p._n 448_o chap._n vi_o king_n ferdinand_n take_v malaga_n and_o other_o place_n from_o the_o moor_n albohardil_n king_n of_o granada_n have_v be_v defeat_v by_o the_o christian_n be_v expel_v by_o his_o subject_n and_o boabdil_n proclaim_v king_n mighty_a discovery_n make_v by_o the_o portuguese_n in_o the_o east_n p._n 450_o chap._n vii_o tumult_n in_o arragon_n the_o city_n associate_n there_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n renew_v and_o several_a place_n take_v from_o they_o which_o they_o with_o the_o same_o facility_n recover_v maximilian_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n aim_v to_o marry_v the_o princess_n elizabeth_n of_o castille_n p._n 452_o chap._n viii_o the_o mastership_n of_o all_o the_o military_a order_n in_o spain_n annex_v to_o the_o crown_n for_o ever_o three_o city_n and_o other_o place_n take_v from_o the_o moor_n elizabeth_n princess_n of_o castille_n marry_v to_o alonso_n prince_n of_o portugal_n he_o and_o his_o father_n death_n p._n 453_o chap._n ix_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n now_o effectual_o renew_v the_o description_n of_o the_o city_n of_o granada_n king_n ferdinand_n lay_v siege_n to_o it_o and_o build_v a_o town_n for_o his_o army_n to_o quarter_n in_o during_o the_o siege_n to_o show_v his_o resolution_n not_o to_o depart_v without_o be_v master_n of_o that_o city_n p._n 456_o chap._n x._o a_o mighty_a mutiny_n raise_v in_o granada_n by_o a_o fanatic_a moor._n the_o city_n surrender_v to_o king_n ferdinand_n the_o character_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_n their_o triumphal_a entry_n into_o granada_n and_o universal_a joy_n for_o their_o success_n p._n 457_o the_o twenty_o six_o book_n chap._n i._n the_o affair_n of_o brittany_n the_o
and_o it_o be_v so_o great_a affinity_n beyond_o the_o italian_a for_o that_o latin_a and_o spanish_a either_o in_o prose_n or_o verse_n agree_v in_o the_o very_a word_n and_o manner_n of_o composition_n the_o portugese_n have_v a_o language_n peculiar_a to_o themselves_o be_v a_o mixture_n of_o the_o french_a and_o castillian_a the_o people_n of_o catalonia_n and_o valencia_n use_v a_o distinct_a language_n very_o like_o that_o of_o languedoc_n only_o the_o biscainer_n still_o retain_v their_o mother_n and_o barbarous_a tongue_n void_a of_o all_o elegancy_n total_o different_a from_o any_o other_o in_o spain_n but_o the_o ancient_a and_o that_o which_o be_v former_o use_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n before_o the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o spread_v their_o language_n wherever_o they_o conquer_a other_o affirm_v the_o language_n of_o biscay_n be_v always_o peculiar_a to_o that_o province_n and_o strabo_n say_v it_o be_v not_o one_o tongue_n or_o one_o sort_n of_o character_n that_o be_v use_v throughout_o spain_n it_o be_v not_o material_a to_o dispute_v which_o of_o these_o opinion_n be_v best_a ground_v the_o manner_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o spaniard_n in_o former_a age_n be_v rude_a and_o barbarous_a spaniard_n their_o nature_n seem_v to_o have_v more_o of_o wild_a beast_n than_o men._n they_o be_v remarkable_a for_o secrecy_n no_o rack_n be_v of_o force_n to_o draw_v a_o secret_a from_o they_o their_o inclination_n be_v restless_a and_o propense_a to_o novelty_n of_o body_n they_o be_v active_a and_o nimble_a give_v to_o superstition_n and_o the_o worship_n of_o their_o false_a deity_n averse_a to_o learning_n though_o of_o sharp_a wit_n so_o that_o when_o improve_v by_o see_v other_o country_n they_o make_v appear_v they_o be_v inferior_a to_o none_o for_o clear_a judgement_n excellent_a memory_n or_o elegancy_n and_o copiousness_n of_o word_n in_o war_n they_o be_v more_o courageous_a than_o politic_a their_o habit_n plain_a and_o course_n their_o diet_n much_o in_o quantity_n but_o free_a from_o delicacy_n they_o common_o drink_v water_n and_o but_o little_a wine_n they_o be_v rigorous_a with_o malefactor_n kind_a and_o love_a to_o stranger_n this_o be_v in_o former_a age_n for_o at_o present_a there_o be_v as_o great_a a_o increase_n of_o vice_n as_o virtue_n learn_v flourish_n as_o much_o as_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n no_o country_n afford_v great_a reward_n of_o virtue_n the_o spaniard_n be_v great_a lover_n of_o justice_n the_o magistrate_n support_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o law_n bind_v together_o and_o unite_v the_o great_a and_o the_o mean_a and_o middle_a sort_n by_o a_o certain_a temperature_n of_o justice_n which_o have_v put_v a_o stop_n to_o theft_n and_o robbery_n and_o restrain_v man_n from_o murder_n and_o offering_z violence_n for_o none_o be_v allow_v to_o transgress_v the_o divine_a law_n or_o oppress_v the_o mean_a of_o the_o people_n what_o be_v most_o glorious_a be_v that_o it_o have_v always_o preserve_v the_o true_a religion_n against_o all_o heresy_n and_o error_n the_o spaniard_n after_o expel_v the_o moor_n have_v discover_v and_o conquer_a a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o world_n with_o incredible_a valour_n and_o labour_n they_o be_v natural_o very_o patient_a of_o hardship_n and_o hunger_n which_o have_v carry_v they_o through_o great_a difficulty_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n it_o must_v be_v allow_v in_o our_o day_n they_o be_v degenerate_v and_o grow_v more_o effeminate_a through_o excess_n of_o plenty_n and_o costly_a eat_v drink_v clothing_n and_o all_o other_o extravagancy_n our_o vast_a commerce_n with_o other_o nation_n who_o resort_n on_o account_n of_o our_o riches_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o mischief_n our_o strength_n be_v decay_v and_o our_o manner_n deprave_v by_o the_o communication_n of_o foreigner_n and_o the_o connivance_n of_o prince_n and_o dissoluteness_n of_o the_o people_n so_o that_o many_o live_v to_o the_o height_n of_o luxury_n 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as_o argument_n of_o his_o come_n into_o their_o country_n from_o the_o likeness_n oâ—_n the_o name_n of_o those_o place_n with_o he_o but_o these_o be_v ridiculous_a and_o shameless_a imposition_n as_o if_o setubal_n can_v take_v name_n from_o coetus_fw-la and_o tubal_n whereas_o coetus_fw-la be_v a_o latin_a word_n never_o hear_v in_o portugal_n till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n many_o hundred_o of_o year_n after_o tubal_n other_o say_v tarragona_n and_o saguntum_n be_v build_v by_o tubal_n but_o this_o be_v no_o better_a than_o the_o other_o and_o author_n know_v nothing_o of_o these_o antiquity_n have_v please_v themselves_o by_o impose_v their_o fiction_n on_o their_o posterity_n for_o history_n some_o have_v do_v this_o to_o honour_v their_o country_n with_o such_o reverend_a antiquity_n but_o these_o fiction_n only_o serve_v to_o take_v off_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o real_a chronicle_n which_o will_v much_o more_o illustrate_v those_o place_n than_o all_o their_o dream_n 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geryon_n be_v bury_v near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o straits_n and_o after_o worship_v as_o a_o god_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o temple_n of_o osiris_n build_v in_o sicily_n by_o hercules_n and_o his_o famous_a oracle_n at_o milan_n which_o prince_n often_o visit_v as_o suetonius_n affirm_v osiris_n have_v thus_o rescue_v spain_n from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o geryon_n think_v not_o fit_a to_o punish_v the_o crime_n of_o the_o father_n in_o the_o child_n which_o be_v three_o beautiful_a son_n to_o these_o therefore_o he_o give_v the_o kingdom_n appoint_v who_o shall_v govern_v during_o their_o minority_n and_o then_o return_v into_o egypt_n these_o geryon_n be_v come_v to_o age_n do_v not_o only_o tyrannize_v over_o their_o subject_n but_o meditate_v revenge_n for_o the_o death_n of_o their_o father_n induce_v typhon_n to_o murder_v his_o brother_n osiris_n which_o he_o perform_v and_o seat_v himself_o in_o the_o throne_n of_o egypt_n orus_n the_o son_n of_o osiris_n who_o then_o govern_v scythia_n understand_v what_o have_v pass_v haste_v into_o egypt_n and_o in_o revenge_n of_o his_o father_n murder_n slay_v typhon_n then_o gather_v a_o great_a army_n he_o pass_v into_o spain_n and_o drive_v the_o geryon_n into_o the_o island_n of_o cadiz_n where_o they_o fortify_v themselves_o fear_v lest_o so_o great_a a_o army_n shall_v suffer_v want_n if_o the_o war_n be_v protract_v and_o desire_v to_o avoid_v the_o great_a bloodshed_n that_o must_v ensue_v if_o they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n he_o offer_v to_o decide_v the_o quarrel_n by_o his_o own_o person_n and_o sight_n the_o three_o brother_n they_o accept_v of_o the_o challenge_n and_o be_v all_o slay_v by_o he_o their_o body_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o island_n and_o from_o thence_o forward_o it_o be_v call_v erithrea_n of_o some_o people_n that_o come_v geryon_n with_o orus_n or_o hercules_n from_o the_o red_a sea_n who_o with_o the_o approbation_n of_o their_o general_n plant_v there_o this_o do_v hercules_n cause_v vast_a 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a_o follower_n of_o the_o second_o hercules_n and_o be_v first_o call_v pania_fw-la then_o spania_n other_o say_v it_o be_v from_o hispanus_n the_o son_n of_o hispalus_n these_o be_v all_o bare_a surmise_n our_o historian_n write_v many_o thing_n of_o this_o hispalus_n of_o their_o own_o invention_n to_o beautify_v their_o work_n but_o their_o being_n no_o certain_a account_n of_o such_o antiquity_n it_o be_v better_a to_o pass_v it_o by_o in_o silence_n than_o impose_v upon_o the_o reader_n author_n do_v not_o agree_v about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o death_n of_o hispalus_n but_o after_o his_o day_n hercules_n return_v into_o spain_n where_o have_v govern_v with_o moderation_n and_o build_v as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o the_o town_n of_o julia_n lybica_n vrgel_n barcelona_n and_o tarragona_n he_o depart_v this_o life_n be_v of_o a_o very_a great_a age._n the_o spaniard_n consecrate_a he_o a_o god_n and_o pay_v he_o divine_a honour_n raise_v a_o temple_n where_o his_o body_n be_v bury_v and_o place_v priest_n therein_o hispalus_n and_o hercules_n die_v without_o issue_n the_o latter_a before_o his_o death_n appoint_v hesperus_n brother_n to_o atlas_n and_o one_o of_o his_o compavion_n to_o succeed_v he_o the_o fame_n of_o this_o hesperus's_n hesperus_n valour_n and_o virtue_n gain_v he_o such_o credit_n among_o the_o people_n that_o of_o he_o some_o greek_a and_o latin_a author_n say_v spain_n be_v afterward_o call_v hesperia_n though_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n it_o be_v from_o hesperus_n the_o evening_n star_n the_o good_a fortune_n of_o this_o king_n be_v not_o lasting_a for_o his_o brother_n atlas_n offend_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o he_o come_v over_o into_o spain_n and_o have_v gain_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o soldier_n soon_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o kingdom_n reign_v hesperus_n thus_o forsake_v flee_v into_o italy_n where_o he_o be_v friendly_o entertain_v and_o soon_o after_o constitute_v tutor_n to_o the_o young_a king_n coritus_n call_v by_o other_o janus_n or_o jupiter_n wherein_o he_o behave_v himself_o so_o well_o that_o have_v gain_v the_o affection_n of_o that_o people_n he_o give_v his_o name_n to_o italy_n as_o he_o have_v do_v to_o spain_n and_o it_o be_v call_v hesperia_n atlas_n jealous_a of_o his_o brother_n greatness_n and_o fear_v he_o may_v in_o time_n recover_v his_o kingdom_n resolve_v to_o prevent_v he_o in_o order_n hereunto_o he_o raise_v a_o mighty_a army_n and_o under_o colour_n of_o honour_v they_o take_v the_o chief_a man_n of_o spain_n along_o with_o he_o into_o italy_n but_o his_o design_n be_v to_o keep_v they_o as_o hostage_n lest_o the_o people_n in_o his_o absence_n shall_v endeavour_v to_o cast_v off_o a_o foreign_a yoke_n at_o sea_n a_o violent_a storm_n scatter_v his_o fleet_n and_o instead_o of_o land_v in_o italy_n he_o be_v force_v into_o sicily_n that_o island_n be_v exceed_o rich_a and_o fruitful_a he_o leave_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o spaniard_n to_o plant_v there_o this_o do_v he_o put_v to_o sea_n again_o and_o arrive_v in_o italy_n where_o he_o find_v his_o brother_n hesperus_n be_v dead_a so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o difficulty_n in_o seizng_n coritus_n king_n of_o tuscany_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o country_n atlas_n have_v two_o daughter_n one_o of_o they_o call_v electra_n be_v marry_v to_o coritus_n and_o have_v issue_n jasius_n and_o dardanus_n of_o who_o more_o hereafter_o that_o his_o other_o daughter_n call_v rome_n build_v the_o city_n rome_n look_v more_o like_o a_o fiction_n of_o our_o historian_n than_o a_o true_a history_n therefore_o i_o will_v make_v no_o further_o mention_v of_o it_o no_o more_o than_o of_o sicorus_n sicanus_n sicceleus_n and_o lusus_fw-la who_o our_o modern_a writer_n reckon_v among_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n whereas_o among_o the_o ancient_n there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o account_n of_o they_o nor_o of_o morgetes_n the_o son_n of_o atlas_n give_v his_o name_n to_o the_o people_n of_o italy_n call_v morgetes_n for_o which_o there_o be_v no_o other_o authority_n but_o frame_v likeness_n of_o word_n philistius_n siracusanus_n authority_n be_v sufficient_a to_o believe_v that_o siculus_n the_o son_n of_o atlas_n crown_n govern_v spain_n in_o his_o father_n absence_n and_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n after_o his_o death_n in_o his_o time_n the_o two_o brother_n jasius_n and_o dardanus_n be_v at_o variance_n about_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tuscany_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o death_n of_o their_o father_n coritus_n siculus_n their_o uncle_n go_v over_o with_o a_o army_n to_o pacify_v they_o and_o by_o the_o way_n land_v in_o sicily_n be_v say_v to_o have_v give_v his_o name_n to_o that_o island_n till_o then_o call_v trinacria_n of_o the_o three_o great_a promontory_n that_o run_v out_o into_o the_o sea_n thence_o pass_v over_o into_o tuscany_n he_o endeavour_v to_o reconcile_v the_o brother_n but_o dardanus_n deal_v treacherous_o murder_v jasius_n and_o siculus_n in_o revenge_n drive_v he_o out_o of_o italy_n dardanus_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o aborigines_n who_o follow_v his_o fortune_n flee_v into_o asia_n where_o he_o build_v the_o famous_a city_n of_o troy_n siculus_n have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o italy_n and_o seat_v the_o son_n of_o jasius_n on_o the_o throne_n of_o tuscany_n return_v into_o spain_n and_o from_o this_o time_n we_o find_v no_o account_n of_o any_o other_o action_n of_o he_o unless_o we_o shall_v write_v the_o dream_n and_o rave_n of_o modern_a author_n who_o also_o forge_v other_o king_n of_o spain_n upon_o as_o vain_a ground_n as_o the_o former_a one_o of_o these_o be_v testa_n who_o they_o say_v build_v a_o town_n of_o his_o own_o name_n and_o from_o he_o the_o people_n of_o that_o part_n of_o spain_n be_v call_v contestani_n another_o be_v romus_n to_o who_o
be_v assign_v the_o build_n of_o valencia_n the_o three_o be_v palatuus_fw-la from_o he_o they_o write_v the_o palatui_n and_o the_o city_n palencia_n take_v their_o name_n such_o another_o be_v erithrus_n feign_v to_o have_v come_v from_o beyond_o the_o red_a sea_n last_o among_o these_o be_v melicola_n call_v also_o gargoris_n of_o who_o justin_n make_v mention_v i_o will_v not_o whole_o omit_v the_o name_n of_o these_o king_n such_o as_o they_o be_v because_o learned_a man_n as_o well_o as_o the_o ignorant_a have_v stumble_v upon_o they_o though_o they_o be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o no_o better_a than_o old_a woman_n tale_n i_o suppose_v justin_n call_v siculus_n sicorus_n which_o i_o note_v that_o none_o may_v be_v deceive_v and_o imagine_v they_o be_v two_o distinct_a king_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o come_n of_o several_a nation_n into_o spain_n as_o the_o celts_n rhodian_n carthaginian_n and_o phoenicians_n also_o of_o abide_v and_o a_o wonderful_a dearth_n it_o be_v impossible_a 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as_o thing_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n be_v always_o represent_v great_a than_o real_o they_o be_v so_o it_o happen_v in_o this_o dearth_n which_o doubtless_o be_v much_o less_o than_o it_o be_v make_v and_o it_o be_v probable_a it_o rain_v sometime_o and_o so_o much_o as_o may_v unite_v the_o earth_n and_o preserve_v the_o river_n yet_o not_o enough_o to_o produce_v any_o sort_n of_o grain_n or_o fruit._n the_o fame_n of_o this_o desolation_n be_v spread_v move_v many_o of_o the_o neighbour_a people_n once_o it_o be_v past_a to_o come_v over_o with_o their_o stock_n and_o family_n to_o repeople_n the_o country_n every_o one_o possess_v himself_o of_o that_o part_n he_o like_v best_a and_o multitude_n resort_v from_o all_o part_n through_o their_o industry_n and_o the_o great_a number_n of_o their_o offspring_n the_o beauty_n of_o spain_n be_v again_o soon_o restore_v the_o land_n improve_v and_o many_o town_n and_o city_n build_v the_o celtae_n a_o people_n of_o france_n pass_v the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n possess_v themselves_o of_o all_o that_o part_n of_o france_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o north_n spain_n of_o ebro_n and_o east_n of_o the_o river_n idubeda_n a_o fertile_a and_o pleasant_a country_n where_o be_v now_o the_o city_n tarracona_n and_o former_o those_o of_o netobriga_n and_o arcobriga_n from_o these_o celtae_n and_o the_o native_a iberi_n great_a part_n of_o spain_n be_v call_v celtiberia_n these_o people_n increase_v and_o spread_v far_o southward_o as_o appear_v by_o segobriga_n belsino_n vrcesia_n and_o other_o town_n reckon_v among_o the_o celtiberi_n on_o the_o northern_a border_n of_o the_o celtiberi_n be_v the_o arevaci_n where_o be_v now_o osma_n and_o agreda_n the_o duraci_n neritae_n pelendones_n presamarci_n and_o cileni_fw-la all_o include_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o celtiberi_n and_o join_v to_o they_o by_o affinity_n it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n that_o the_o rhodian_n who_o be_v great_a sailor_n build_v rhodope_n or_o 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that_o be_v fire_n either_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o accident_n or_o for_o the_o great_a lightning_n that_o be_v often_o on_o the_o top_n of_o they_o this_o great_a fire_n melt_v the_o vein_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v very_o plentiful_a there_o and_o in_o many_o other_o part_n of_o spain_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o those_o metal_n run_v down_o the_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o the_o great_a surprise_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o admire_v the_o beauty_n but_o understand_v not_o the_o value_n of_o they_o but_o the_o fame_n hereof_o be_v spread_v abroad_o induce_v foreigner_n to_o flock_v thither_o in_o hope_n to_o gather_v that_o neglect_a treasure_n or_o to_o purchase_v it_o of_o the_o native_n for_o thing_n of_o small_a value_n the_o phoenicians_n be_v esteem_v the_o first_o that_o dare_v venture_v out_o with_o great_a fleet_n into_o the_o spain_n open_a sea_n and_o steer_v their_o course_n by_o the_o north_n star_n these_o have_v gain_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o the_o rhodian_n and_o phrygian_n be_v say_v to_o have_v set_v out_o from_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o tyre_n in_o quest_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o spain_n what_o part_n of_o spain_n they_o first_o land_v in_o author_n do_v not_o agree_v aristotle_n say_v the_o phoenicians_n be_v the_o first_o who_o come_v to_o the_o straights-mouth_n purchase_v of_o the_o people_n of_o tartesso_fw-it or_o tarifa_n for_o oil_n more_o silver_n than_o their_o ship_n can_v carry_v away_o it_o be_v more_o likely_a this_o be_v about_o the_o pyrenean_n as_o be_v near_o to_o they_o and_o the_o silver_n to_o be_v some_o of_o that_o melt_v by_o the_o great_a conflagration_n abovemention_v our_o historian_n relate_v that_o sichaeus_n command_v one_o of_o their_o fleet_n and_o get_v here_o those_o great_a riches_n which_o tempt_v his_o
brother-in-law_n pygmalion_n to_o murder_v he_o this_o voyage_n be_v for_o some_o time_n lay_v aside_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o death_n of_o sichaeus_n pygmalion_n set_v out_o with_o a_o fleet_n from_o tyre_n and_o land_v among_o the_o turduli_n that_o be_v in_o andaluzia_n at_o the_o place_n where_o now_o stand_v almunecar_n he_o build_v a_o town_n for_o the_o security_n of_o trade_n call_v it_o axis_n or_o exis_fw-la and_o return_v home_o with_o much_o treasure_n make_v afterward_o several_a voyage_n till_o he_o come_v as_o far_o as_o cadiz_n which_o island_n before_o call_v erythrea_n from_o that_o time_n be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o gadira_n that_o be_v a_o bulwark_n either_o in_o respect_n it_o be_v the_o bulwark_n of_o spain_n against_o the_o swell_a sea_n or_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o fortification_n raise_v by_o the_o phoenicians_n they_o also_o build_v a_o temple_n to_o hercules_n on_o that_o point_n of_o land_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o the_o continent_n and_o be_v thence_o call_v promontorium_n herculeum_n the_o phoenicians_n grow_v rich_a with_o the_o trade_n of_o spain_n and_o have_v build_v malaga_n and_o abdera_n think_v of_o nothing_o less_o than_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o whole_a country_n at_o this_o same_o time_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n be_v lay_v hezekiah_n reign_v in_o jerusalem_n after_o salmanasar_n king_n of_o the_o assyrian_n have_v extirpate_v the_o kingdom_n of_o israel_n this_o be_v the_o same_o salamanasor_n who_o lay_v siege_n to_o jerusalem_n and_o design_v to_o conquer_v the_o whole_a world_n go_v with_o a_o mighty_a army_n into_o egypt_n where_o he_o be_v overthrow_v by_o taracho_n king_n of_o egypt_n and_o aethiopia_n taracho_n after_o that_o victory_n subdue_v many_o kingdom_n strabo_n testify_v he_o pass_v over_o into_o europe_n and_o our_o historian_n say_v he_o come_v into_o spain_n where_o not_o far_o from_o the_o river_n ebro_n he_o build_v the_o city_n tarragona_n which_o the_o scipio_n long_a after_o rebuilt_a and_o make_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n in_o spain_n which_o give_v occasion_n not_o only_o to_o the_o ignorant_a but_o to_o learned_a author_n and_o among_o they_o pliny_n and_o solinus_n to_o attribute_v the_o foundation_n of_o it_o to_o they_o after_o the_o death_n of_o queen_n dido_n the_o power_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n increase_v by_o sea_n and_o land_n their_o chief_a aim_n be_v to_o extend_v their_o empire_n in_o europe_n to_o this_o end_n they_o attempt_v undertake_n sicily_n sardinia_n and_o corsica_n but_o be_v repulse_v by_o the_o native_n think_v fit_a to_o try_v their_o fortune_n upon_o lesser_a island_n in_o order_n hereunto_o direct_v their_o course_n towards_o spain_n they_o possess_v themselves_o of_o iviça_n which_o be_v a_o island_n gird_v with_o rock_n and_o difficult_a of_o access_n unless_o towards_o the_o south_n where_o be_v a_o large_a and_o spacious_a harbour_n this_o island_n be_v opposite_a to_o cape_n denia_n about_o 100_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n it_o be_v small_a be_v not_o above_o 20_o mile_n in_o circumference_n at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v wild_a and_o cover_v with_o wood_n of_o pinetree_n whence_o the_o greek_n call_v it_o pytuissa_n it_o produce_v great_a plenty_n of_o salt_n the_o air_n be_v temperate_a and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n such_o it_o do_v not_o only_o breed_v no_o vermin_n or_o venomous_a creature_n but_o if_o any_o be_v bring_v thither_o they_o present_o die_v this_o be_v the_o more_o wonderful_a for_o that_o as_o ancient_a cosmographer_n affirm_v near_o it_o be_v another_o island_n not_o habitable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o snake_n and_o poisonous_a animal_n whence_o it_o be_v call_v ophiusa_n that_o be_v island_n of_o snake_n we_o can_v certain_o determine_v which_o island_n this_o shall_v be_v at_o present_a some_o say_v it_o be_v formentera_n because_o but_o two_o mile_n from_o iviça_n other_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v dragonera_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o likeness_n of_o the_o name_n the_o most_o learned_a be_v of_o opinion_n that_o a_o mountain_n call_v colubre_n join_v to_o the_o continent_n and_o opposite_a to_o peniscola_n be_v call_v in_o greek_a ophiusa_n and_o in_o latin_a colubraria_n notwithstanding_o ancient_a geographer_n place_v their_o ophiusa_n near_o to_o iviça_n the_o carthaginian_n be_v possess_v of_o iviça_n and_o have_v build_v there_o a_o city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n resolve_v next_o to_o attempt_n majorca_n and_o minorca_n distant_a 30_o mile_n from_o one_o another_o and_o 60_o from_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n the_o greek_n sometime_o call_v they_o gynesiae_n by_o reason_n the_o inhabitant_n go_v naked_a and_o other_o while_n baleares_n for_o their_o skill_n in_o cast_v stone_n with_o sling_n but_o in_o particular_a the_o great_a be_v call_v clumba_n and_o the_o lesser_a nura_n as_o antoninus_n testify_v and_o from_o he_o florian._n before_o they_o will_v attempt_v to_o land_n the_o carthaginian_n go_v round_o these_o island_n to_o view_v all_o their_o creek_n and_o harbour_n and_o be_v terrify_v by_o the_o island_n fierceness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v lose_v some_o of_o their_o forward_a man_n that_o dare_v go_v a_o shore_n they_o despair_v of_o success_n there_o and_o stoodover_v for_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n with_o a_o design_n to_o make_v discovery_n and_o gain_v some_o foot_n there_o but_o with_o little_a success_n for_o the_o people_n of_o saguntum_n foresee_v the_o danger_n of_o such_o neighbour_n persuade_v the_o native_n to_o have_v no_o commerce_n with_o they_o which_o together_o with_o the_o distress_n of_o their_o own_o country_n at_o that_o time_n labour_v under_o civil_a broil_n and_o set_v upon_o by_o the_o neighbour_a african_n oblige_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o return_v home_o where_o to_o appease_v their_o god_n they_o institute_v a_o inhuman_a sacrifice_n of_o youngman_n which_o be_v afterward_o use_v in_o spain_n with_o such_o rigour_n that_o in_o their_o great_a distress_n they_o think_v none_o a_o sufficient_a sacrifice_n but_o the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n a_o custom_n take_v from_o the_o moabite_n and_o sometime_o practise_v by_o the_o idolatrous_a jew_n chap._n v._o of_o the_o age_n of_o argantonius_n the_o phoenicians_n attempt_v to_o subdue_v all_o spain_n but_o be_v repulse_v send_v for_o aid_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o ravage_n the_o country_n but_o sustain_v great_a loss_n from_o the_o native_n about_o the_o year_n 620_o before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n and_o 132_o after_o the_o building_n of_o rome_n be_v the_o age_n of_o argantonius_n king_n of_o the_o tartessi_fw-it who_o according_a to_o silius_n italicus_n account_n 132._o age._n live_v 300_o year_n pliny_n out_o of_o anacreon_n assign_v he_o 150._o to_o he_o for_o his_o great_a skill_n in_o war_n and_o long_a experience_n the_o people_n commit_v the_o government_n hope_v by_o his_o courage_n and_o conduct_n to_o be_v able_a to_o oppose_v the_o design_n of_o the_o phoenicians_n who_o have_v now_o lay_v aside_o their_o mask_n and_o open_o aim_v at_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o all_o spain_n have_v to_o this_o effect_n pass_v over_o from_o cadiz_n to_o the_o continent_n they_o use_v policy_n as_o well_o as_o strength_n sow_v dissension_n among_o the_o native_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o several_a place_n the_o native_n gather_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o king_n argantonius_n not_o only_o check_v the_o phoenicians_n but_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o all_o the_o province_n of_o betica_n or_o andaluzia_n and_o even_o out_o of_o the_o island_n of_o cadiz_n a_o thing_n the_o more_o likely_a for_o that_o many_o be_v go_v before_o to_o the_o relief_n of_o their_o own_o country_n the_o city_n of_o tyre_n be_v then_o besiege_a by_o the_o mighty_a king_n nabuchadnezzar_n after_o he_o have_v take_v jerusalem_n this_o relief_n that_o go_v from_o cadiz_n get_v into_o tyre_n be_v the_o cause_n it_o hold_v out_o four_o year_n and_o nabuchadnezzar_n be_v call_v away_o into_o egypt_n raise_v the_o siege_n and_o have_v subdue_v the_o great_a part_n of_o africa_n resolve_v spain_n to_o pass_v over_o into_o spain_n as_o well_o to_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o riches_n of_o that_o country_n as_o to_o take_v revenge_n for_o the_o relief_n send_v thence_o to_o tyre_n he_o land_v his_o army_n near_o the_o pyrenean_n and_o from_o thence_o without_o any_o opposition_n range_v all_o the_o country_n over_o till_o he_o come_v to_o cadiz_n josephus_n say_v he_o conquer_a all_o spain_n the_o native_n take_v courage_n begin_v to_o make_v head_n the_o king_n fear_v to_o tempt_v fortune_n and_o satisfy_v that_o he_o have_v stretch_v his_o empire_n to_o the_o utmost_a limit_n of_o the_o earth_n load_v with_o riches_n return_v home_o in_o the_o year_n 171._o after_o the_o building_n of_o rome_n this_o come_n
of_o nabuchadnezzar_n be_v much_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o hebrew_n book_n and_o this_o give_v occasion_n to_o affirm_v that_o many_o town_n in_o andaluzia_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n which_o have_v hebrew_a name_n be_v then_o build_v by_o the_o jew_n that_o be_v in_o his_o army_n among_o those_o place_n be_v reckon_v toledo_n escalona_n noves_fw-la maqueda_n yepes_n and_o other_o of_o less_o note_n which_o they_o say_v take_v their_o name_n from_o ascalon_n nobe_n mageddo_n and_o joppe_n city_n of_o palestine_n call_v toledo_n they_o say_v be_v derive_v from_o toledoth_n which_o in_o hebrew_n signify_v family_n that_o gather_v to_o build_v that_o place_n i_o will_v not_o approve_v or_o reject_v these_o opinion_n but_o only_o note_v that_o no_o ancient_a author_n make_v mention_n of_o any_o such_o thing_n our_o historian_n add_v that_o after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o phoenicians_n and_o return_v of_o the_o babylonian_n the_o phocenses_n inhabitant_n of_o a_o city_n so_o call_v in_o jonia_n of_o the_o lesser_a asia_n tire_v with_o the_o cruelty_n of_o harpalus_n cyrus_n lieutenant_n in_o those_o part_n sail_v to_o italy_n france_n and_o spain_n in_o a_o fleet_n of_o galley_n whereof_o they_o be_v the_o first_o inventor_n these_o people_n land_v first_o in_o italy_n in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o lucania_n now_o call_v basilicata_n opposite_a to_o sicily_n where_o they_o build_v a_o city_n call_v velia_n and_o think_v to_o settle_v but_o the_o air_n be_v unwholesome_a the_o land_n barren_a and_o the_o native_n oppose_v they_o part_v put_v to_o sea_n again_o to_o find_v a_o more_o convenient_a habitation_n have_v touch_v at_o corsica_n they_o pass_v into_o france_n where_o they_o build_v the_o city_n of_o marseilles_n another_o part_n of_o they_o continue_v their_o course_n along_o spain_n and_o beyond_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o straits_n plant_v in_o certain_a island_n call_v aphrodisiae_n opposite_a to_o tarifa_n where_o they_o build_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o greece_n but_o all_o these_o island_n be_v lose_v except_o one_o that_o be_v call_v junonia_n after_o this_o follow_v the_o death_n of_o argantonius_n much_o about_o the_o year_n 200._o after_o the_o building_n of_o rome_n for_o his_o great_a honour_n they_o raise_v a_o magnificent_a sepulchre_n with_o as_o many_o pyramid_n about_o it_o as_o enemy_n he_o have_v slay_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n for_o this_o aristotle_n say_v be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o spaniard_n bury_v their_o dead_a great_a revolution_n happen_v after_o the_o death_n of_o argantonius_n and_o spain_n like_o a_o ship_n without_o spain_n a_o rudder_n or_o pilot_n be_v toss_v by_o every_o wave_n the_o fortune_n of_o war_n at_o first_o variable_a afterward_o whole_o averse_a to_o the_o spaniard_n deprive_v they_o of_o their_o liberty_n the_o come_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n to_o spain_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o these_o mischief_n the_o occasion_n of_o their_o come_n shall_v be_v relate_v the_o phoenicians_n be_v increase_v in_o power_n and_o riches_n return_v to_o spain_n and_o repossess_v themselves_o of_o the_o island_n of_o cadiz_n design_v upon_o the_o first_o opportunity_n that_o shall_v offer_v to_o pass_v over_o into_o the_o continent_n they_o want_v a_o pretence_n and_o think_v none_o so_o good_a as_o that_o of_o religion_n they_o ask_v leave_v of_o the_o native_n to_o erect_v a_o temple_n to_o hercules_n feign_v he_o have_v appear_v and_o order_v they_o so_o to_o do_v have_v by_o this_o fraud_n obtain_v their_o desire_n they_o build_v a_o temple_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o fort_n many_o under_o colour_n of_o devotion_n resort_v thither_o in_o a_o small_a time_n it_o grow_v to_o the_o grandeur_n of_o a_o city_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v stand_v where_o now_o medina_n sidonia_n be_v which_o the_o name_n sidon_n seem_v to_o confirm_v and_o the_o small_a distance_n of_o only_a 16_o mile_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o cadiz_n beside_o this_o they_o become_v master_n of_o other_o small_a town_n some_o build_v by_o themselves_o other_o take_v by_o force_n from_o their_o neighbour_n from_o these_o place_n they_o make_v inroad_n into_o the_o country_n carrying_z away_z man_n and_o cattle_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o city_n turdetum_n which_o stand_v between_o xcre_n and_o arcos_n of_o this_o city_n the_o turdetani_n a_o ancient_a people_n of_o betica_n that_o extend_v from_o the_o river_n guadiana_n to_o the_o ocean_n take_v name_n the_o bastuli_n reach_v from_o tarifa_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a to_o a_o town_n then_o call_v barea_n now_o suppose_v to_o be_v vera._n the_o turduli_n begin_v at_o the_o port_n of_o mnesteus_n now_o port_n st._n marry_o and_o run_v north_n and_o east_n as_o far_o as_o sierra_n morena_n and_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o province_n betica_fw-la livy_n and_o polybius_n make_v the_o turduli_n and_o turdetani_n the_o same_o and_o most_o author_n confound_v the_o limit_n of_o these_o people_n therefore_o it_o will_v be_v needless_a to_o labour_v to_o fix_v their_o bound_n no_o more_o than_o those_o of_o the_o massieni_n selbisii_n curenses_n lignii_n and_o other_o who_o name_n be_v find_v in_o approve_a author_n but_o what_o place_n particular_o they_o inhabit_a can_v not_o be_v assign_v but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n the_o native_n provoke_v by_o the_o wrong_n they_o receive_v from_o the_o phoenicians_n and_o grow_v jealous_a of_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o new_a city_n hold_v a_o great_a consultation_n in_o which_o they_o treat_v of_o the_o injury_n they_o have_v receive_v and_o danger_n that_o may_v ensue_v from_o the_o grow_a power_n of_o those_o strange_n baucius_fw-la capetus_n prince_n of_o the_o turdetani_n be_v there_o present_a he_o take_v upon_o he_o with_o wise_a word_n to_o raise_v their_o droop_a spirit_n and_o do_v it_o so_o spaniard_n effectual_o that_o they_o all_o present_o vote_v the_o war_n against_o the_o phoenicians_n they_o appoint_v officer_n and_o give_v they_o power_n to_o raise_v man_n withal_o recommend_v to_o all_o to_o be_v private_a that_o so_o they_o may_v surprise_n their_o enemy_n to_o baucius_fw-la for_o his_o great_a experience_n and_o the_o love_n all_o the_o people_n bear_v he_o they_o assign_v the_o whole_a management_n of_o the_o war._n thus_o have_v gather_v a_o mighty_a army_n they_o fall_v upon_o the_o phoenicians_n who_o where_o whole_o unprovided_a and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n take_v all_o the_o city_n they_o have_v build_v and_o those_o they_o have_v conquer_a give_v the_o plunder_v of_o all_o their_o riches_n to_o the_o soldier_n the_o city_n medina_n sidonia_n whither_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o phoenicians_n flee_v confide_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o temple_n soon_o follow_v the_o fate_n cadiz_n of_o the_o rest_n and_o all_o within_o it_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n such_o be_v their_o desire_n of_o revenge_n that_o lay_v aside_o all_o thought_n of_o compassion_n and_o zeal_n of_o religion_n they_o fire_v and_o lay_v the_o temple_n level_v with_o the_o ground_n thus_o all_o the_o riches_n they_o have_v be_v many_o year_n heap_v and_o the_o stately_a building_n they_o have_v with_o great_a cost_n erect_v be_v destroy_v and_o nothing_o leave_v the_o phoenicians_n on_o the_o continent_n except_o some_o few_o small_a town_n which_o escape_v unregarded_a and_o not_o because_o they_o can_v make_v any_o opposition_n those_o of_o cadiz_n despair_v of_o accommodation_n with_o the_o native_n find_v they_o must_v either_o resolve_v to_o quit_v spain_n or_o send_v for_o succour_n from_o abroad_o to_o expect_v relief_n from_o tyre_n in_o that_o distress_n be_v too_o tedious_a therefore_o they_o agree_v to_o call_v to_o their_o assistance_n the_o carthaginian_n to_o who_o they_o be_v ally_v as_o descend_v from_o the_o same_o original_a and_o otherwise_o unite_v by_o continual_a commerce_n and_o amity_n the_o ambassador_n be_v admit_v to_o audience_n in_o the_o senate_n lay_v before_o they_o the_o extreme_a danger_n those_o of_o cadiz_n be_v in_o that_o they_o seek_v not_o to_o recover_v what_o they_o have_v lose_v but_o to_o preserve_v carthaginian_n their_o liberty_n and_o life_n that_o the_o opportunity_n they_o have_v so_o long_o desire_v of_o enter_v into_o spain_n now_o offer_v itself_o very_o honourable_a in_o defence_n of_o their_o ally_n and_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o religion_n profane_v in_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o temple_n of_o hercules_n who_o they_o chief_o worship_v the_o senate_n of_o carthage_n bid_v they_o be_v of_o good_a heart_n and_o make_v good_a their_o ground_n till_o a_o sufficient_a fleet_n can_v be_v fit_v out_o to_o be_v send_v to_o their_o relief_n the_o carthaginian_n at_o this_o time_n be_v master_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v great_a fleet_n abroad_o as_o well_o of_o merchant_n as_o ship_n of_o war_n and_o be_v possess_v not_o only_o of_o
all_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n but_o of_o several_a island_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a till_o this_o time_n they_o can_v never_o get_v foot_v in_o spain_n which_o make_v they_o the_o more_o eager_a to_o fit_v out_o this_o fleet_n the_o command_n whereof_o they_o give_v to_o maherbal_n who_o pass_v along_o by_o the_o island_n baleares_n and_o touch_v at_o iviça_n arrive_v at_o length_n at_o cadiz_n in_o the_o year_n after_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n 236._o other_o say_v it_o be_v but_o a_o small_a time_n before_o their_o first_o war_n with_o the_o roman_n whensoever_o it_o be_v from_o that_o time_n forward_o they_o ravage_v the_o coast_n of_o spain_n take_v the_o spanish_a ship_n plunder_v along_o the_o shore_n and_o raise_v fort_n in_o several_a part_n the_o spaniard_n provoke_v by_o these_o injury_n meet_v again_o in_o the_o city_n turdetum_n and_o again_o appoint_v baucius_fw-la their_o general_n he_o get_v together_o what_o man_n he_o can_v by_o night_n surprise_v one_o of_o their_o fort_n that_o be_v near_a to_o turdetum_n carthaginian_n and_o put_v all_o that_o be_v in_o it_o to_o the_o sword_n except_o maherbal_n and_o some_o few_o that_o escape_v private_o a_o by-way_n this_o do_v baucius_fw-la pursue_v his_o good_a fortune_n and_o vanquish_v and_o make_v great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o several_a place_n the_o carthaginian_n perceive_v they_o be_v not_o like_a to_o prevail_v by_o open_a force_n have_v recourse_n to_o policy_n and_o artifice_n they_o propose_v a_o accommodation_n with_o the_o spaniard_n with_o great_a show_n of_o amity_n and_o the_o better_a to_o convince_v they_o of_o their_o sincerity_n offer_v to_o withdraw_v their_o garrison_n out_o of_o all_o the_o fort_n they_o still_o hold_v to_o this_o the_o turdetani_n give_v a_o resolute_a answer_n conclude_v they_o shall_v give_v credit_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n when_o their_o action_n be_v suitable_a to_o their_o word_n still_o the_o carthaginian_n under_o shadow_n of_o a_o truce_n fortify_v themselves_o on_o the_o coast_n and_o sometime_o make_v inroad_n which_o when_o any_o danger_n appear_v they_o excuse_v blame_v the_o insolency_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o so_o deceive_v that_o ignorant_a people_n they_o continue_v their_o robbery_n in_o other_o part_n those_o of_o cadiz_n be_v please_v with_o this_o success_n of_o their_o ally_n the_o spaniard_n make_v no_o great_a account_n of_o it_o for_o man_n little_a value_n public_a loss_n in_o which_o they_o be_v not_o particular_o concern_v and_o the_o carthaginian_n daily_o increase_v in_o power_n which_o be_v the_o more_o advance_v by_o the_o death_n of_o baucius_fw-la which_o happen_v about_o this_o time_n but_o whether_o he_o leave_v any_o successor_n be_v not_o know_v chap._n vi_o the_o carthaginian_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o phoenicians_n peace_n make_v in_o which_o the_o latter_a become_v subject_a to_o the_o former_a sapph_n come_v into_o spain_n discovery_n make_v by_o himilco_n and_o hanno_n after_o the_o death_n of_o baucius_fw-la the_o carthaginian_n aim_v at_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o all_o spain_n and_o forget_v that_o the_o phoenicians_n be_v their_o friend_n and_o ally_n and_o have_v invite_v they_o into_o spain_n resolve_v to_o expel_v they_o the_o island_n of_o cadiz_n to_o compass_v their_o design_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o make_v use_n of_o fraud_n and_o deceit_n therefore_o they_o begin_v to_o sow_v discord_n betwixt_o phoenicians_n the_o phoenicians_n and_o the_o native_n and_o by_o cunning_a insinuation_n gain_v the_o love_n of_o the_o latter_a and_o make_v the_o other_o odious_a the_o phoenicians_n complain_v of_o the_o unjust_a proceed_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n but_o word_n be_v of_o no_o effect_n they_o have_v recourse_n to_o arm_n and_o fall_v unexpected_o upon_o they_o slay_v many_o and_o oblige_v the_o rest_n to_o fly_v for_o shelter_n to_o a_o fort_n they_o have_v build_v in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o island_n opposite_a to_o the_o cape_n call_v cronium_n this_o do_v they_o turn_v all_o their_o fury_n against_o the_o house_n and_o land_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n which_o they_o burn_v and_o plunder_v these_o loss_n no_o way_n grieve_v the_o carthaginian_n but_o they_o rather_o rejoice_v they_o have_v now_o the_o opportunity_n they_o have_v so_o long_o seek_v after_o have_v gather_v force_n from_o all_o their_o garrison_n they_o take_v the_o field_n and_o because_o the_o phoenicians_n refuse_v to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n sit_v down_o before_o the_o city_n of_o which_o after_o a_o siege_n of_o some_o month_n they_o make_v themselves_o master_n at_o this_o siege_n some_o author_n will_v have_v it_o that_o one_o pephasmenus_n a_o tyrian_a invent_v the_o engine_n call_v aries_n or_o the_o battering-ram_n this_o injury_n do_v to_o the_o phoenicians_n render_v the_o carthaginian_n odious_a to_o all_o the_o neighbour_a people_n but_o more_o especial_o those_o of_o the_o port_n of_o mnesteus_n who_o be_v great_a friend_n to_o the_o phoenicians_n and_o threaten_v that_o so_o great_a wickedness_n shall_v not_o pass_v unpunished_a from_o word_n they_o pass_v to_o action_n and_o great_a number_n be_v draw_v together_o on_o both_o side_n but_o before_o they_o come_v to_o blow_n some_o accommodation_n be_v endeavour_v and_o chief_o by_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o fear_v to_o commit_v the_o fate_n of_o their_o acquire_v dominion_n to_o the_o fortune_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o therefore_o be_v the_o first_o at_o offer_v condition_n of_o peace_n which_o be_v conclude_v without_o any_o difficulty_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o trade_n shall_v be_v re-establish_v prisoner_n restore_v and_o reparation_n make_v of_o damage_n and_o a_o general_a amnesty_n pass_v hence_o it_o be_v believe_v the_o river_n guadalete_fw-la that_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o port_n of_o mnesteus_n have_v the_o name_n lethe_n signify_v forgetfulness_n give_v it_o i_o do_v not_o believe_v all_o i_o write_v but_o will_v not_o reject_v what_o other_o relate_v nor_o confirm_v what_o they_o say_v great_a joy_n be_v at_o carthage_n at_o this_o treaty_n because_o they_o be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o relieué_fw-fr cadiz_n and_o the_o phoenicians_n though_o they_o lose_v the_o sovereignty_n be_v content_a with_o the_o trade_n which_o bring_v they_o great_a riches_n about_o this_o time_n be_v 252_o year_n from_o 252._o the_o build_n of_o rome_n happen_v a_o great_a drought_n and_o famine_n in_o spain_n and_o many_o earthquake_n earthquake_n which_o occasion_v the_o earth_n to_o open_v discover_v vast_a treasure_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o thence_o follow_v a_o great_a resort_v thither_o of_o sundry_a nation_n after_o this_o a_o fleet_n be_v set_v out_o of_o carthage_n for_o spain_n under_o the_o command_n of_o asdrubal_n and_o amilcar_n but_o asdrubal_n be_v kill_v in_o a_o descent_n they_o make_v by_o the_o way_n in_o sardinia_n and_o other_o danger_n press_v carthage_n the_o design_n be_v then_o lay_v aside_o in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 271._o those_o danger_n be_v blow_v over_o the_o 271._o senate_n of_o carthage_n send_v 900_o man_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o garrison_n of_o sicily_n in_o four_o ship_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o cadiz_n with_o a_o promise_n of_o great_a succour_n by_o the_o way_n they_o touch_v at_o majorca_n and_o minorca_n but_o be_v repulse_v by_o the_o native_n with_o the_o sling_n they_o make_v use_v of_o and_o force_v to_o put_v to_o sea_n in_o great_a confusion_n and_o at_o length_n arrive_v at_o cadiz_n at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v report_v a_o colony_n be_v send_v from_o tarifa_n under_o the_o command_n of_o capion_n to_o plant_v in_o the_o island_n make_v by_o the_o two_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n guadalquivir_fw-fr certain_a it_o be_v that_o those_o of_o tartessum_n build_v near_o the_o oracle_n of_o mnesteus_n a_o city_n call_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o cartesii_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o other_o city_n in_o spain_n that_o former_o bear_v the_o same_o name_n for_o even_o tartessum_n be_v former_o name_v carteia_n and_o on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o guadalquivir_n be_v build_v a_o tower_n name_v capion_n when_o this_o happen_v be_v not_o certain_o know_v but_o this_o be_v the_o time_n some_o wit_n have_v allot_v it_o all_o africa_n now_o join_v in_o a_o league_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o among_o they_o the_o mauritanian_n who_o endeavour_v to_o draw_v the_o spaniard_n into_o the_o confederacy_n the_o senate_n of_o carthage_n foresee_v the_o storm_n that_o threaten_v they_o send_v sapph_n the_o son_n of_o asdrubal_n to_o carthaginian_a govern_v what_o they_o hold_v in_o spain_n that_o he_o may_v at_o once_o encourage_v their_o people_n against_o all_o that_o may_v happen_v and_o endeavour_v to_o dissuade_v the_o spaniard_n from_o join_v with_o their_o enemy_n he_o play_v his_o part_n so_o dexterous_o that_o the_o spaniard_n be_v not_o only_o divert_v from_o assist_v the_o african_n but_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o
the_o province_n betica_n or_o andaluzia_n where_o they_o total_o subvert_v a_o colony_n of_o the_o phocencian_n the_o name_n of_o it_o be_v not_o know_v but_o it_o be_v the_o first_o that_o raise_v the_o commotion_n in_o that_o province_n as_o also_o the_o first_o that_o suffer_v for_o they_o at_o carthage_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o death_n of_o hamilcar_n the_o city_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o edi_n and_o barcini_n about_o name_v he_o a_o successor_n but_o at_o last_o by_o the_o interest_n of_o hannibal_n asdrubal_n be_v appoint_v for_o that_o command_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 524._o asdrubal_n have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o spain_n the_o year_n follow_v return_v to_o carthage_n 524._o hope_v to_o get_v the_o whole_a government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n but_o be_v hamilcar_n disappoint_v be_v glad_a to_o reassume_v his_o command_n in_o spain_n he_o find_v the_o province_n in_o peace_n and_o therefore_o resolve_v to_o build_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o contestani_n on_o the_o sea-coast_n a_o city_n which_o be_v call_v new_a carthage_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o that_o found_v by_o hamilcar_n on_o the_o river_n ebro_n this_o city_n have_v a_o good_a harbour_n secure_v from_o all_o wind_n by_o high_a hill_n which_o encompass_v it_o round_o leave_v only_o a_o narrow_a channel_n to_o pass_v into_o it_o opposite_a to_o which_o be_v a_o small_a island_n first_o call_v herculea_n then_o by_o the_o latin_n scombraria_n of_o a_o certain_a sort_n of_o fish_n whereof_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n thereabouts_o former_o the_o city_n be_v inferior_a to_o none_o for_o the_o strength_n of_o its_o wall_n beauty_n of_o the_o building_n nobility_n and_o riches_n of_o the_o citizen_n at_o present_a it_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o small_a number_n of_o inhabitant_n yet_o retain_v some_o footstep_n of_o its_o grandeur_n and_o be_v call_v carthagena_n the_o roman_n understanding_n what_o be_v do_v in_o spain_n and_o be_v jealous_a of_o the_o carthaginian_n endeavour_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o people_n of_o marseilles_n to_o settle_v some_o alliance_n in_o spain_n it_o be_v no_o difficult_a task_n for_o they_o to_o compass_v their_o design_n all_o the_o people_n be_v jealous_a of_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n ampurias_fw-la be_v the_o first_o city_n that_o make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v seat_v among_o the_o people_n then_o call_v indegetes_n that_o border_v on_o the_o laletani_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o ceretani_fw-la on_o the_o other_o and_o reach_v from_o the_o river_n than_o sameroca_n now_o sambucha_n to_o the_o ryrenean_n hill_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o those_o of_o ampurias_fw-la saguntum_n and_o denia_n come_v into_o the_o league_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o bloody_a war_n that_o soon_o after_o ensue_v between_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n asdrubal_n be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o these_o proceed_n but_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o wink_v at_o they_o till_o all_o thing_n be_v ready_a for_o the_o war_n he_o design_v in_o order_n to_o which_o though_o with_o much_o difficulty_n he_o obtain_v of_o the_o senate_n to_o send_v hannibal_n into_o spain_n at_o his_o arrival_n the_o soldier_n and_o his_o friend_n receive_v he_o with_o great_a demonstration_n of_o joy_n and_o asdrubal_n declare_v he_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o the_o year_n after_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n 528._o at_o this_o time_n come_v into_o spain_n ambassador_n from_o rome_n who_o propose_v that_o whereas_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n 528._o be_v friend_n and_o confederate_n and_o that_o there_o be_v of_o late_a alliance_n between_o the_o say_a roman_n and_o some_o of_o the_o people_n of_o hispania_n citerior_fw-la therefore_o to_o prevent_v all_o misunderstanding_n and_o that_o neither_o may_v encroach_v upon_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o other_o the_o river_n ebro_n shall_v be_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a province_n and_o that_o notwithstanding_o saguntum_n be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o that_o river_n they_o shall_v not_o intrude_v upon_o their_o liberty_n in_o fine_a that_o none_o shall_v offer_v any_o wrong_n to_o the_o friend_n and_o ally_n of_o the_o other_o this_o embassy_n be_v very_o ungrateful_a to_o the_o carthaginian_n think_v it_o too_o great_a a_o presumption_n in_o the_o roman_n to_o give_v law_n to_o the_o conqueror_n in_o their_o own_o province_n however_o they_o think_v fit_a to_o submit_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o time_n till_o they_o be_v better_o provide_v to_o carry_v on_o a_o war_n and_o therefore_o agree_v to_o all_o the_o ambassador_n demand_v and_o the_o more_o because_o they_o understand_v the_o gaul_n have_v be_v defeat_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o 40000_o of_o they_o slay_v in_o the_o battle_n beside_o 10000_o take_v the_o ambassador_n be_v go_v asdrubal_n spend_v three_o year_n in_o provide_v all_o necessary_n for_o the_o war_n he_o design_v but_o death_n put_v a_o stop_n to_o his_o proceed_n for_o he_o be_v kill_v by_o a_o slave_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o master_n who_o name_n be_v tagus_n a_o noble_a 532._o spaniard_n that_o have_v be_v slay_v by_o asdrubal_n the_o second_o year_n of_o the_o 139_o olympiad_n and_o 532._o of_o the_o build_n of_o rome_n so_o great_a be_v the_o satisfaction_n this_o slave_n receive_v in_o kill_v of_o asdrubal_n at_o the_o altar_n as_o he_o be_v offer_v sacrifice_n that_o though_o he_o be_v take_v and_o put_v to_o exquisite_a torment_n he_o never_o express_v the_o least_o sense_n of_o pain_n but_o bear_v all_o with_o a_o cheerful_a and_o smile_a countenance_n chap._n iii_o the_o beginning_n progress_n and_o end_n of_o the_o saguntine_n war_n with_o the_o utter_a extirpation_n of_o that_o city_n asdrubal_n be_v slay_v as_o above_o the_o government_n of_o spain_n by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n be_v confer_v upon_o his_o brother-in-law_n spain_n hannibal_n he_o be_v then_o in_o the_o prime_n of_o his_o youth_n be_v 26_o year_n of_o age_n of_o great_a courage_n and_o resolution_n endow_v with_o excellent_a natural_a part_n but_o no_o less_o incline_v to_o vice_n of_o body_n hardy_a as_o inure_v to_o labour_n his_o mind_n generous_a and_o more_o covetous_a of_o honour_n than_o ease_n his_o boldness_n be_v extraordinary_a his_o prudence_n and_o secrecy_n nothing_o inferior_a all_o these_o virtue_n be_v darken_v by_o his_o treachery_n cruelty_n and_o irreligion_n yet_o be_v he_o esteem_v and_o general_o belove_v by_o all_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o government_n and_o fear_v lest_o death_n shall_v cut_v he_o off_o as_o have_v happen_v to_o asdrubal_n his_o only_a study_n be_v how_o to_o carry_v on_o a_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o find_v some_o colour_n and_o pretence_n and_o therefore_o he_o resolve_v first_o to_o break_v with_o saguntum_n to_o revenge_v some_o injury_n do_v to_o his_o ally_n before_o he_o enter_v upon_o this_o great_a undertake_n he_o think_v fit_a to_o celebrate_v his_o nuptial_n with_o himilce_a a_o native_a of_o castulon_n than_o a_o noble_a city_n where_o now_o stand_v the_o poor_a cottage_n of_o cazlona_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n baeza_n where_o be_v still_o some_o footstep_n of_o its_o greatness_n this_o lady_n be_v of_o the_o race_n of_o milico_n a_o ancient_a king_n of_o spain_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o cyrrheus_fw-la the_o phocensian_a from_o who_o also_o she_o be_v descend_v have_v found_v that_o city_n and_o give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o his_o mother_n castulona_n her_o dower_n be_v very_o great_a and_o the_o power_n of_o hannibal_n hereby_o much_o increase_v because_o the_o people_n look_v upon_o he_o as_o their_o countryman_n and_o friend_n in_o his_o time_n also_o and_o by_o his_o order_n be_v discover_v several_a mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v call_v hannibal_n well_n we_o may_v guess_v at_o the_o treasure_n these_o mine_n yield_v by_o one_o of_o they_o call_v bebelus_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v record_v there_o be_v daily_o take_v 300_o pound_n weight_n of_o pure_a silver_n hannibal_n first_o war_n be_v against_o the_o carpetani_n that_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n a_o fierce_a and_o warlike_a nation_n and_o which_o in_o number_n of_o man_n exceed_v any_o other_o in_o spain_n of_o these_o the_o olcades_n where_o now_o ocana_n stand_v though_o stephanus_n place_v they_o near_o the_o river_n ebro_n be_v the_o first_o subdue_v then_o near_o unto_o tagus_n be_v fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n in_o which_o the_o native_n be_v defeat_v at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o arise_v difference_n among_o the_o people_n of_o saguntum_n which_o serve_v to_o make_v way_n for_o their_o enemy_n who_o let_v slip_v no_o opportunity_n to_o quell_v these_o tumult_n the_o wise_a sort_n have_v recourse_n to_o rome_n whence_o at_o their_o
request_n ambassador_n be_v send_v who_o appease_v some_o threaten_v other_o and_o punish_v the_o most_o faulty_a quiet_v those_o disturbance_n by_o which_o it_o be_v fear_v the_o weak_a party_n will_v have_v call_v hannibal_n to_o their_o assistance_n he_o grow_v proud_a with_o success_n have_v subdue_v all_o the_o country_n on_o that_o side_n the_o river_n ebro_n think_v of_o nothing_o but_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n against_o saguntum_n to_o give_v a_o colour_n to_o this_o breach_n he_o persuade_v the_o turdetani_n to_o fall_v out_o with_o those_o of_o saguntum_n about_o the_o bound_n of_o their_o land_n and_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o hope_v this_o will_v be_v ground_n sufficient_a for_o he_o to_o undertake_v what_o he_o desire_v and_o begin_v the_o war_n with_o the_o roman_n the_o saguntines_n have_v more_o confidence_n in_o the_o friendship_n of_o the_o roman_n than_o in_o their_o own_o strength_n which_o be_v but_o small_a dispatch_v their_o ambassador_n to_o the_o senate_n who_o represent_v the_o danger_n that_o threaten_v they_o from_o the_o malice_n of_o hannibal_n the_o small_a hope_n they_o have_v unless_o in_o the_o roman_a protection_n their_o resolution_n to_o stand_v firm_a to_o their_o alliance_n the_o danger_n of_o delay_n and_o dishonour_v of_o expose_v they_o to_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o enemy_n this_o affair_n be_v debate_v in_o the_o senate_n some_o be_v for_o declare_v war_n immediate_o however_o the_o more_o moderate_a counsel_n prevail_v and_o ambassador_n be_v immediate_o send_v to_o hannibal_n they_o land_v at_o carthagena_n about_o the_o end_n of_o the_o summer_n deliver_v their_o message_n from_o the_o senate_n require_v he_o not_o to_o infringe_v the_o peace_n nor_o offer_v any_o violence_n to_o the_o saguntines_n or_o other_o confederate_n of_o rome_n nor_o to_o pass_v the_o river_n ebro_n which_o in_o case_n he_o do_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n will_v stand_v by_o and_o protect_v their_o friend_n and_o ally_n hannibal_n answer_v that_o the_o roman_n do_v no_o justice_n have_v murder_v many_o of_o the_o chief_a of_o their_o friend_n at_o saguntum_n and_o now_o connive_v at_o the_o injury_n they_o have_v offer_v to_o the_o turdetani_n that_o as_o it_o be_v but_o reasonable_a the_o roman_n shall_v stand_v by_o their_o ally_n so_o it_o be_v equitable_a he_o shall_v support_v his_o confederate_n have_v thus_o dispatch_v the_o ambassador_n to_o gain_v the_o forehand_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o immediate_o march_v and_o sit_v down_o before_o saguntum_n with_o 150000_o man_n in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n and_o first_o year_n of_o the_o 140_o olympiad_n besiege_v he_o ravage_v all_o the_o country_n plunder_v many_o neighbour_a town_n only_a denia_n be_v spare_v on_o pretence_n of_o respect_n to_o the_o temple_n of_o diana_n saguntum_n be_v seat_v among_o the_o editani_fw-la four_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n in_o a_o plentiful_a country_n the_o town_n rich_a by_o reason_n of_o its_o trade_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n well_o fortify_v with_o rampart_n and_o bulwark_n no_o soon_o have_v hannibal_n entrench_v himself_o but_o he_o begin_v to_o make_v ready_a his_o engine_n and_o to_o batter_v the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n which_o lie_v in_o a_o valley_n and_o seem_v the_o weak_a with_o his_o ram_n this_o place_n prove_v strong_a than_o be_v expect_v and_o the_o townsman_n defend_v themselves_o with_o much_o courage_n and_o resolution_n so_o that_o hannibal_n come_v near_o to_o view_v the_o wall_n be_v strike_v through_o the_o thigh_n with_o a_o arrow_n from_o the_o work_n so_o great_a be_v the_o consternation_n among_o his_o man_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o wound_n that_o they_o be_v near_o quit_v all_o their_o engine_n and_o the_o battery_n cease_v for_o some_o day_n whilst_o he_o be_v in_o cure_n the_o saguntines_n have_v take_v a_o account_n of_o what_o stores_n be_v in_o the_o town_n which_o can_v last_o but_o a_o few_o month_n send_v again_o ambassador_n to_o rome_n to_o press_v the_o senate_n for_o speedy_a relief_n before_o necessity_n cast_v they_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o mortal_a enemy_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v dispatch_v these_o messenger_n they_o fall_v to_o work_v to_o strengthen_v such_o place_n as_o be_v weak_a or_o have_v receive_v most_o damage_n no_o soon_o be_v hannibal_n recover_v of_o his_o wound_n but_o he_o apply_v his_o engine_n and_o beat_v down_o three_o tower_n with_o all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n that_o lie_v between_o they_o thing_n be_v in_o this_o readiness_n the_o assault_n be_v give_v with_o great_a fury_n and_o with_o no_o less_o resolution_n sustain_v by_o the_o besiege_a who_o see_v that_o beyond_o their_o own_o hope_n they_o be_v not_o vanquish_v fall_v on_o with_o such_o fresh_a vigour_n they_o not_o only_o drive_v the_o assailant_n from_o the_o breach_n but_o pursue_v they_o to_o their_o own_o work_n which_o they_o have_v difficulty_n to_o maintain_v so_o great_a be_v their_o consternation_n this_o success_n be_v fatal_a to_o saguntum_n for_o hannibal_n in_o a_o rage_n resolve_v to_o leave_v no_o way_n unattempted_a that_o may_v make_v he_o master_n of_o the_o town_n and_o therefore_o refuse_v to_o give_v audience_n to_o the_o roman_a ambassador_n that_o come_v to_o treat_v about_o that_o affair_n the_o roman_n be_v resolve_v to_o use_v the_o utmost_a mean_n of_o accommodation_n before_o they_o will_v break_v out_o into_o open_a war._n from_o spain_n the_o ambassador_n as_o they_o have_v it_o in_o their_o instruction_n pass_v over_o into_o africa_n where_o in_o the_o senate_n of_o carthage_n they_o complain_v of_o the_o wrong_n do_v by_o their_o army_n in_o spain_n and_o demand_v that_o hannibal_n shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o they_o to_o be_v punish_v as_o he_o deserve_v that_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o preserve_v the_o peace_n when_o the_o ambassador_n have_v make_v their_o demand_n hanno_n say_v they_o desire_v nothing_o but_o justice_n and_o that_o hannibal_n ought_v to_o be_v banish_v to_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o a_o common_a disturber_n but_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o barchini_n prevail_v the_o senate_n answer_v that_o the_o saguntines_n and_o not_o hannibal_n be_v too_o blame_v for_o the_o war_n and_o the_o roman_n much_o in_o the_o wrong_n to_o side_n with_o they_o hannibal_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o give_v some_o rest_n to_o his_o soldier_n weary_v out_o with_o continual_a labour_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n his_o wife_n himilce_o be_v bring_v to_o bed_n of_o a_o son_n call_v aspar_n to_o the_o great_a joy_n of_o he_o and_o all_o his_o army_n whilst_o they_o be_v employ_v in_o sport_n and_o pastime_n upon_o this_o occasion_n the_o besiege_a lose_v no_o time_n but_o provide_v all_o necessary_n for_o their_o defence_n and_o repair_v that_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n which_o have_v be_v beat_v down_o this_o precaution_n prove_v fruitless_a for_o the_o enemy_n from_o a_o wooden_a tower_n which_o they_o have_v apply_v to_o the_o wall_n beat_v off_o all_o the_o defendant_n with_o shower_n of_o dart_n and_o arrow_n beside_o 500_o african_n with_o pick-ax_n cast_v down_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n which_o be_v the_o easy_a because_o it_o be_v not_o build_v with_o lime_n but_o clay_n this_o do_v the_o soldier_n encourage_v with_o the_o promise_n of_o the_o plunder_n enter_v the_o city_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n whilst_o the_o besiege_a not_o able_a to_o withstand_v that_o force_n retire_v to_o the_o further_a part_n of_o the_o town_n which_o they_o join_v to_o the_o castle_n with_o a_o wall_n they_o cast_v up_o in_o that_o little_a time_n this_o be_v but_o a_o weak_a defence_n and_o all_o their_o hope_n lay_v in_o the_o relief_n they_o expect_v from_o the_o roman_n some_o breathe_a time_n they_o gain_v by_o the_o departure_n of_o hannibal_n who_o be_v call_v away_o to_o appease_v the_o carpetani_n and_o oretani_n that_o be_v in_o arm_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o too_o much_o severity_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o raise_v man_n among_o they_o maherbal_n the_o son_n of_o himilco_n be_v leave_v to_o command_v the_o siege_n as_o hannibal_n lieutenant_n he_o very_o much_o straighten_v the_o besiege_a prevent_v their_o excursion_n and_o gain_v another_o part_n of_o the_o city_n so_o that_o they_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n hannibal_n have_v quell_v those_o commotion_n return_v to_o the_o siege_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o part_n of_o the_o castle_n so_o that_o those_o miserable_a people_n have_v no_o hope_n of_o defence_n leave_v they_o despair_v only_o support_v they_o a_o evil_a incapable_a of_o receive_v advice_n and_o the_o inlet_n to_o utter_v destruction_n halcon_n a_o citizen_n of_o saguntum_n take_v compassion_n on_o his_o people_n steal_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o of_o himself_o set_v on_o foot_n a_o treaty_n but_o no_o other_o condition_n be_v
legate_n with_o consular_a power_n as_o begin_v then_o to_o be_v use_v in_o other_o province_n beside_o the_o province_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o augustus_n and_o the_o senate_n so_o that_o in_o spain_n only_a betica_n or_o andaluzia_n fall_v to_o the_o senate_n hereupon_o hispania_n vlterior_fw-la have_v two_o governous_a one_o over_o betica_n appoint_v by_o the_o senate_n the_o other_o over_o lusitania_n choose_v by_o augustus_n thus_o the_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n be_v in_o peace_n many_o roman_a colony_n be_v found_v which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o native_n to_o change_v their_o manner_n and_o language_n for_o those_o of_o the_o roman_n as_o strabo_n witness_v in_o the_o height_n of_o this_o prosperity_n when_o spain_n flourish_v with_o riches_n and_o plenty_n there_o break_v out_o a_o new_a war_n which_o prove_v more_o fierce_a and_o bloody_a than_o be_v imagine_v this_o be_v war_n be_v begin_v by_o the_o cantabri_n a_o fierce_a people_n till_o than_o not_o entire_o subduce_v by_o the_o roman_n as_o be_v the_o stubborn_a nation_n of_o spain_n and_o protect_v by_o the_o harshness_n of_o the_o country_n they_o inhabit_a ptolemy_n say_v the_o cantab._n i_o border_v on_o the_o east_n upon_o the_o antigone_n on_o the_o west_n upon_o the_o lungones_n on_o the_o south_n they_o be_v bound_v by_o the_o river_n ebro_n and_o on_o the_o north_n by_o the_o cantabrian-sea_n or_o bay_n of_o biscay_n their_o principal_a town_n be_v juliobriga_n and_o vellica_n other_o and_o with_o reason_n extend_v the_o bound_n of_o cantabria_n as_o far_o as_o the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n at_o that_o time_n the_o cantabri_n be_v a_o rude_a and_o fierce_a people_n and_o have_v no_o use_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n the_o woman_n as_o well_o as_o the_o man_n be_v of_o large_a stature_n on_o their_o head_n they_o wear_v a_o dress_n like_o a_o turban_n and_o not_o unlike_a to_o what_o the_o woman_n of_o biscay_n now_o use_v the_o woman_n till_v the_o land_n and_o when_o they_o be_v deliver_v of_o their_o child_n the_o man_n lay_v in_o and_o they_o tend_v custom_n they_o as_o be_v use_v now_o in_o brasil_n in_o their_o dance_n they_o make_v a_o noise_n with_o their_o finger_n and_o castanet_n the_o man_n bring_v the_o portion_n when_o they_o marry_v they_o have_v always_o poison_v prepare_v to_o kill_v themselves_o rather_o than_o suffer_v any_o violence_n in_o order_n to_o commence_v the_o war_n they_o stir_v up_o the_o people_n of_o asturias_n and_o gallicia_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o that_o do_v make_v incursion_n into_o the_o neighbour_a country_n that_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o roman_n this_o do_v not_o only_o strike_v a_o terror_n into_o the_o native_n but_o perplex_v spain_n the_o emperor_n augustus_n fear_v it_o may_v be_v the_o beginning_n of_o a_o more_o dangerous_a war_n than_o other_o expect_v augustus_n be_v come_v into_o spain_n force_v resort_v to_o he_o from_o all_o part_n so_o that_o he_o gather_v a_o formidable_a army_n they_o march_v towards_o biscay_n and_o encamp_v near_o segisama_n suppose_a to_o be_v that_o now_o call_v brisama_n in_o guipuscoa_n betwixt_o aspeitia_n and_o tolosa_n then_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n they_o soon_o subdue_v all_o the_o neighbour_a country_n the_o cantabri_n not_o trust_v to_o their_o own_o strength_n to_o avoid_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n withdraw_v with_o their_o good_n and_o family_n unto_o the_o mountain_n which_o prolong_v the_o war_n and_o make_v it_o be_v fear_v it_o will_v last_v long_o augustus_n what_o with_o vexation_n and_o what_o with_o the_o unwholesomeness_n of_o the_o air_n fall_v sick_a and_o be_v carry_v away_o to_o tarragona_n caius_n antistius_n and_o pub._n firmius_n be_v leave_v to_o prosecute_v the_o war_n in_o galicia_n pub._n carisius_n in_o asturias_n m._n agrippa_n be_v leave_v with_o the_o supreme_a command_n he_o be_v then_o the_o emperor_n favourite_n and_o afterward_o marry_v his_o daughter_n julia._n agrippa_n gather_v a_o fleet_n from_o britain_n to_o furnish_v he_o with_o provision_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o straiten_v the_o cantabri_n by_o sea_n hunger_n press_v the_o cantabri_n they_o resolve_v to_o try_v the_o fortune_n of_o a_o battle_n but_o be_v a_o rude_a people_n under_o no_o command_n and_o without_o sense_n of_o honour_n they_o rout_v be_v easy_o put_v to_o the_o rout_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o ocean_n near_o to_o segisama_n rise_v the_o mountain_n hirmius_fw-la by_o the_o latin_n call_v vinius_n of_o difficult_a ascent_n where_o many_o of_o they_o that_o flee_v save_v themselves_o the_o roman_n to_o avoid_v encounter_v with_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n and_o with_o man_n that_o be_v desperate_a draw_v a_o trench_n quite_o round_o and_o fortify_v it_o so_o those_o miserable_a people_n be_v reduce_v to_o such_o extremity_n they_o be_v obstinate_a not_o to_o surrender_v and_o the_o roman_n not_o to_o quit_v they_o that_o the_o great_a part_n perish_v a_o town_n near_o 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three_o synod_n at_o toledo_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o two_o king_n father_n and_o son_n the_o nobility_n make_v choice_n to_o succeed_v king_n he_o of_o suinthila_n a_o person_n who_o have_v give_v good_a proof_n of_o his_o courage_n and_o conduct_n in_o the_o late_a war_n beside_o that_o the_o memory_n of_o his_o father_n king_n recaredus_n gain_v he_o the_o affection_n of_o all_o man_n and_o make_v he_o be_v think_v worthy_a that_o dignity_n he_o be_v not_o only_o courageous_a and_o prudent_a but_o so_o bountiful_a towards_o the_o needy_a that_o he_o be_v common_o call_v the_o father_n of_o the_o poor_a the_o people_n of_o navarre_n again_o rebel_v upon_o this_o change_n of_o government_n and_o overran_a the_o province_n of_o tarragona_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n but_o the_o new_a king_n appear_v quiet_v they_o only_o with_o his_o presence_n and_o pardon_v they_o only_o upon_o condition_n they_o shall_v build_v and_o fortify_v the_o city_n ologito_fw-la which_o may_v 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to_o the_o contrary_a party_n therefore_o to_o secure_v himself_o he_o think_v nothing_o can_v be_v more_o efficacious_a than_o religion_n hereupon_o under_o pretence_n of_o reformation_n of_o manner_n he_o gather_v a_o council_n of_o about_o 70_o bishop_n at_o toledo_n but_o in_o reality_n his_o chief_a design_n be_v to_o obtain_v of_o those_o prelate_n that_o they_o will_v declare_v suinthila_n incapable_a of_o the_o crown_n that_o so_o all_o those_o who_o be_v of_o his_o party_n may_v desist_v their_o first_o session_n be_v hold_v in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n leocadia_n on_o the_o 5_o of_o december_n in_o the_o year_n 634._o and_o three_o of_o the_o reign_n of_o sisenandus_n who_o appear_v toledo_n there_o in_o tear_n and_o full_a of_o hypocritical_a word_n they_o regulate_v the_o manner_n of_o hold_v the_o provincial_a yearly_o synod_n and_o make_v several_a other_o act_n relate_v to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a government_n 634._o but_o the_o strange_a be_v they_o decree_v that_o none_o shall_v seize_v the_o crown_n unless_o choose_v by_o the_o nobility_n that_o the_o oath_n make_v to_o sisenandus_n shall_v be_v valid_a and_o suinthila_n wife_n child_n and_o brother_n excommunicate_v a_o hard_a strain_a point_n for_o bishop_n to_o dispose_v of_o crown_n king_n sisenandus_n depart_v this_o life_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 635._o having_z reign_v three_o year_n eleven_o month_n and_o sixteen_o day_n according_a to_o what_o have_v be_v decree_v in_o the_o synod_n 635_o the_o nobility_n and_o prelate_n meet_v and_o by_o they_o chintila_n be_v elect_v king_n in_o the_o place_n of_o justus_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n who_o die_v about_o the_o same_o time_n succeed_v eugenius_n second_o of_o election_n the_o name_n a_o man_n famous_a for_o his_o learning_n and_o virtue_n some_o author_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o chintila_n be_v brother_n to_o sisenandus_n and_o both_o son_n to_o suinthila_n but_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v contradict_v by_o the_o four_o 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toledo_n eugenius_n archbishop_n of_o toledo_n preside_v in_o it_o and_o confirm_v its_o acts._n to_o make_v â—â—e_z decree_n of_o this_o synod_n the_o more_o bind_v another_o of_o 50_o bishop_n all_z within_z the_o 〈…〉_z of_o the_o there_o goth_n meet_v the_o year_n follow_v which_o be_v the_o 6_o hold_v at_o toledo_n in_o it_o be_v ratify_v all_o the_o act_n of_o the_o former_a particular_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o child_n and_o they_o add_v that_o their_o crown_n shall_v not_o be_v confer_v on_o any_o man_n who_o do_v not_o before_o swear_v he_o will_v no_o way_n be_v favourable_a to_o the_o jew_n nor_o suffer_v any_o that_o be_v not_o a_o christian_a to_o live_v with_o freedom_n within_o the_o kingdom_n these_o council_n be_v all_o that_o be_v remarkable_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o chintila_n it_o be_v suppose_v the_o people_n be_v incline_v to_o peace_n and_o all_o
that_o have_v do_v the_o monothelite_n and_o apollinarian_o who_o ascribe_v to_o christ_n but_o one_o will_n this_o council_n they_o count_v the_o 5_o and_o place_v it_o next_o to_o that_o of_o chalcedon_n for_o it_o be_v a_o common_a error_n through_o spain_n africa_n and_o illyricum_n not_o to_o admit_v of_o the_o 5_o general_n council_n hold_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n ervigius_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o mean_n he_o have_v use_v to_o secure_v himself_o and_o please_v the_o people_n be_v much_o perplex_v fear_v their_o hatred_n do_v not_o abate_v and_o may_v in_o time_n light_n upon_o his_o child_n to_o prevent_v any_o such_o disaster_n he_o marry_v his_o daughter_n cixilona_n to_o a_o powerful_a man_n of_o wamba_n family_n call_v egica_n make_v he_o swear_v he_o will_v protect_v and_o defend_v his_o mother_n and_o brothers-in-law_n after_o this_o have_v repeal_v some_o of_o wamba_n law_n too_o severe_a for_o that_o corrupt_a age_n and_o particular_o 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do_v not_o only_o fix_v himself_o in_o his_o new_a kingdom_n increase_v of_o asturias_n but_o descend_v into_o the_o plain_a waste_v all_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o moor_n his_o force_n daily_o increase_v with_o the_o fame_n of_o his_o action_n so_o that_o he_o take_v the_o city_n leon_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n that_o part_n galicia_n and_o asturias_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 722._o some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o from_o this_o time_n pelayus_n style_v himself_o king_n of_o leon_n but_o it_o appear_v 722._o none_o of_o his_o successor_n call_v themselves_o by_o any_o other_o title_n than_o king_n of_o oviedo_n till_o the_o time_n of_o ordonius_n the_o second_o who_o first_o call_v himself_o king_n of_o leon_n yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v believe_v that_o upon_o the_o take_n of_o that_o city_n the_o ancient_a arm_n of_o the_o gothish_a king_n be_v change_v into_o argent_fw-fr he_o a_o lion_n rampant_a gules_a which_o continue_v to_o this_o day_n and_o the_o 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upon_o this_o account_n and_o because_o he_o have_v force_v king_n alonso_n the_o great_a to_o resign_v the_o kingdom_n he_o be_v grow_v more_o insolent_a than_o d._n ordono_fw-it care_v to_o bear_v beside_o many_o underhand_n blow_v the_o coal_n they_o see_v begin_v to_o take_v fire_n the_o king_n thus_o incense_v send_v for_o the_o earl_n to_o court_n execute_v upon_o pretence_n of_o consult_v with_o they_o about_o most_o important_a affair_n the_o place_n appoint_v for_o the_o meeting_n be_v a_o town_n call_v regular_n upon_o the_o midway_n on_o the_o border_n of_o castille_n and_o leon._n the_o earl_n come_v without_o any_o guard_n and_o be_v apprehend_v by_o the_o king_n order_n and_o send_v prisoner_n to_o leon._n soon_o after_o they_o be_v also_o put_v to_o death_n to_o the_o great_a grief_n of_o the_o people_n of_o castille_n who_o have_v be_v concern_v at_o their_o imprisonment_n king_n ordono_fw-it be_v make_v all_o necessary_a preparation_n for_o war_n as_o fear_v the_o 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the_o rebellion_n that_o in_o his_o time_n cut_v off_o castille_n from_o the_o crown_n of_o leon._n the_o people_n there_o be_v offend_v at_o the_o death_n of_o the_o earl_n kill_v by_o d._n ordon̄o_n command_n this_o disgust_n be_v heighten_v by_o force_v they_o to_o come_v to_o leon_n to_o all_o law_n suit_n and_o the_o parliament_n they_o have_v no_o fair_a opportunity_n of_o revolt_a before_o and_o therefore_o do_v it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o d._n fruela_n for_o their_o governor_n they_o choose_v two_o noble_n with_o only_a the_o title_n of_o judge_n the_o first_o name_v be_v nuno_n rasura_fw-la and_o lain_n calvo_n man_n in_o great_a power_n at_o that_o time_n lie_v be_v the_o young_a and_o marry_v to_o nuna_n bella_n his_o colleague_n daughter_n to_o he_o for_o his_o valour_n be_v give_v the_o charge_n of_o martial_a affair_n nuno_n rasura_fw-la be_v a_o person_n of_o know_a prudence_n and_o experience_n be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n and_o admistration_n 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fernandez_n who_o be_v put_v to_o death_n among_o the_o other_o earl_n of_o castille_n by_o kind_a ordono_fw-it of_o she_o be_v bear_v the_o earl_n fernan_n gonzalez_n a_o person_n inferior_a to_o none_o of_o the_o ancient_a hero_n for_o virtue_n valour_n and_o constancy_n we_o shall_v speak_v of_o he_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n let_v we_o return_v to_o the_o king_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o history_n of_o navarre_n be_v full_a of_o fable_n and_o lie_v insomuch_o they_o that_o they_o look_v more_o like_a romance_n invent_v to_o divert_v idle_a person_n than_o true_a relation_n and_o record_n of_o antiquity_n this_o appear_v plain_o throughout_o all_o age_n but_o particular_o in_o this_o we_o now_o write_v of_o they_o say_v that_o king_n garci_n iniguez_n be_v slay_v in_o a_o battle_n by_o the_o moor_n his_o wife_n da._n
desperate_o not_o so_o much_o for_o any_o hope_n of_o victory_n as_o to_o revenge_v their_o own_o death_n they_o be_v all_o kill_v and_o with_o they_o their_o tutor_n salido_n the_o head_n be_v send_v to_o cordova_n afford_v a_o pleasant_a spectacle_n to_o the_o king_n but_o a_o sad_a one_o to_o their_o father_n to_o who_o though_o wound_v and_o disfigure_v they_o be_v show_v this_o misfortune_n move_v the_o king_n to_o compassion_n he_o free_o dismiss_v gonzalo_n gustio_n mudarra_fw-mi beget_v on_o the_o king_n sister_n be_v 14_o year_n of_o age_n be_v by_o she_o send_v to_o his_o father_n and_o afterward_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n kill_v ruy_n velasquez_n da._n lumbra_n his_o wife_n the_o cause_n of_o all_o these_o mischief_n be_v stone_v to_o death_n and_o burn_v mudarra_o by_o revenge_v his_o brother_n gain_v the_o love_n of_o his_o mother-in-law_n and_o all_o the_o family_n to_o that_o degree_n that_o he_o inherit_v his_o father_n estate_n beside_o da._n sancha_n adopt_v he_o after_o this_o strange_a yet_o remarkable_a manner_n the_o same_o day_n he_o be_v baptise_a and_o knight_v by_o the_o earl_n garci_n sanchez_n his_o mother-in-law_n resolve_v to_o adopt_v he_o put_v over_o he_o the_o sleeve_n of_o a_o adoption_n very_a large_a smock_n and_o his_o head_n come_v out_o at_o the_o top_n of_o it_o she_o kiss_v he_o and_o thus_o he_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o family_n and_o look_v upon_o as_o her_o son_n ordono_fw-it be_v son_n of_o mudarra_n his_o grandson_n be_v james_n ordonez_n de_fw-fr lara_n he_o that_o fight_v the_o son_n of_o arias_n gonzala_n who_o defend_v their_o country_n from_o the_o infamy_n of_o have_v kill_v king_n sancho_n slay_v by_o vellido_n dolphos_n as_o shall_v be_v relate_v in_o its_o place_n this_o james_n ordonez_n be_v father_n to_o earl_n peter_n well_o know_v for_o the_o love_n queen_n vrraca_n show_v he_o and_o grandfather_n to_o amalaricus_n de_fw-fr lara_n lord_n of_o molina_n from_o who_o be_v descend_v the_o family_n of_o manriquez_n and_o even_o that_o of_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n for_o mafalda_n daughter_n of_o amalaricus_n be_v marry_v to_o d._n alonso_n the_o first_o of_o the_o name_n and_o first_o king_n of_o portugal_n though_o some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o mafalda_n be_v of_o the_o house_n of_o savoy_n but_o more_o shall_v be_v say_v of_o this_o hereafter_o the_o tomb_n of_o mudarra_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o cloister_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o s._n peter_n de_fw-fr arlanza_n that_o monastery_n and_o the_o other_o of_o s._n milan_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr cogulla_n be_v at_o variance_n about_o which_o of_o they_o have_v the_o seven_o brother_n spain_n be_v now_o at_o peace_n after_o so_o many_o combustion_n and_o there_o rather_o want_v the_o power_n than_o the_o will_v to_o raise_v new_a one_o this_o quiet_a last_v till_o the_o seven_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o seven_o brother_n which_o be_v the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 993._o when_o the_o moor_n waste_v the_o 993._o country_n of_o portugal_n and_o break_v a_o new_a into_o galicia_n again_o take_v and_o burn_v the_o city_n compostella_n tomb._n nor_o have_v they_o spare_v the_o apostle_n sepulchre_n but_o that_o a_o sudden_a light_n which_o appear_v over_o it_o terrify_v they_o the_o bell_n as_o a_o trophy_n of_o their_o victory_n they_o cause_v to_o be_v carry_v on_o the_o back_n of_o christian_n to_o cordova_n where_o for_o many_o year_n they_o serve_v instead_o of_o lamp_n in_o the_o mosque_n divine_a vengeance_n pursue_v they_o many_o die_v of_o the_o flux_n many_o of_o the_o plague_n and_o many_o at_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o christian_n the_o king_n keep_v close_o in_o their_o rear_n and_o do_v they_o great_a harm_n few_o return_v home_o one_o of_o they_o be_v mahomet_n the_o general_n this_o same_o year_n die_v d._n garcia_n king_n of_o navarre_n his_o son_n garci_n sanchez_n call_v the_o trembler_n as_o be_v say_v before_o navarre_n succeed_v he_o he_o reign_v 7_o year_n be_v very_o famous_a for_o many_o victory_n obtain_v liberal_a or_o rather_o prodigal_a which_o drain_v his_o treasure_n and_o oblige_v he_o to_o lay_v new_a tax_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o s._n milan_n there_o be_v grant_n of_o this_o king_n let_v every_o one_o judge_v what_o credit_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o they_o in_o they_o it_o be_v specify_v that_o he_o have_v a_o brother_n call_v gonzalo_n and_o that_o he_o with_o his_o mother_n vrraca_n have_v the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n which_o if_o true_a either_o that_o dominion_n last_v not_o long_o or_o he_o die_v without_o issue_n it_o fall_v again_o to_o his_o brother_n king_n bermudo_n joyful_a with_o his_o success_n against_o the_o moor_n begin_v to_o consider_v that_o if_o the_o force_n of_o the_o christian_n be_v unite_v it_o be_v easy_a to_o gain_v upon_o the_o infidel_n and_o keep_v they_o under_o hereupon_o he_o send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n and_o earl_n of_o castille_n to_o invite_v they_o lay_v aside_o all_o animosity_n to_o enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o he_o for_o the_o common_a good_n those_o prince_n ready_o agree_v to_o such_o advantageous_a proposal_n and_o a_o powerful_a army_n be_v form_v of_o the_o three_o nation_n the_o king_n of_o navarre_n come_v not_o in_o person_n be_v as_o be_v suppose_v busy_a in_o settle_v his_o new_a acquire_v kingdom_n king_n bermudo_n though_o sick_a of_o the_o gout_n be_v carry_v in_o infidel_n a_o litter_n and_o with_o the_o earl_n of_o castille_n move_v towards_o the_o moor_n of_o who_o they_o be_v inform_v that_o have_v raise_v new_a force_n and_o plunder_v great_a part_n of_o galicia_n they_o now_o march_v towards_o castille_n near_o a_o town_n call_v calacanaçor_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o castille_n and_o leon_n the_o two_o army_n meet_v and_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n which_o be_v obstinate_o fight_v till_o night_n part_v they_o without_o discern_v which_o side_n have_v the_o better_a only_o that_o the_o moor_n march_v away_o in_o silence_n by_o night_n which_o show_v they_o have_v get_v the_o worst_a of_o it_o beside_o it_o be_v more_o like_o a_o flight_n than_o retreat_n for_o they_o leave_v much_o of_o their_o baggage_n in_o the_o camp_n and_o for_o haste_n drope_v no_o less_o along_o the_o way_n they_o march_v it_o be_v say_v this_o misfortune_n go_v so_o much_o to_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o moorish_a general_n mahomet_n that_o he_o die_v in_o the_o valley_n of_o begalcorax_n refuse_v to_o take_v any_o sustenance_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 998._o this_o man_n manage_v the_o government_n of_o the_o moor_n 25_o year_n for_o his_o king_n who_o mind_v nothing_o but_o his_o ease_n he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a 998._o courage_n a_o enemy_n to_o idleness_n and_o enter_v the_o territory_n of_o the_o christian_n 52_o several_a time_n come_v off_o very_o often_o victorious_a the_o same_o day_n the_o battle_n be_v fight_v at_o calacanaçor_n one_o in_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o fisherman_n be_v see_v at_o cordova_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n guadalquivir_fw-fr sing_v in_o arabic_a and_o spanish_a metre_n at_o calacanacor_n almanzor_n lose_v the_o drum_n it_o be_v believe_v the_o devil_n in_o humane_a shape_n proclaim_v their_o defeat_n because_o the_o people_n of_o cordova_n endeavour_v to_o lay_v hold_n of_o he_o he_o vanish_v like_o a_o shadow_n the_o dead_a general_n be_v body_n be_v carry_v to_o medinaçeli_n chap._n vii_o the_o death_n of_o king_n bermudo_n the_o gouty_a and_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o d._n alonso_n the_o five_o king_n of_o leon._n many_o trouble_n among_o the_o moor_n the_o earl_n of_o castille_n slay_v by_o the_o infidel_n after_o the_o death_n of_o mahomet_n his_o son_n abdelmelic_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o that_o kingdom_n the_o same_o year_n his_o father_n die_v and_o continue_v in_o that_o command_n 6_o kingdom_n year_n and_o 8_o month_n from_o this_o time_n forward_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o moor_n which_o have_v be_v support_v by_o the_o valour_n of_o mahomet_n begin_v visible_o to_o decline_v civil_a discord_n the_o bane_n of_o all_o empire_n and_o bad_a government_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o decay_n abdelmelic_n who_o be_v more_o inclinable_a to_o peace_n than_o war_n take_v little_a notice_n of_o the_o first_o eruption_n of_o those_o tumult_n which_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v suppress_v in_o their_o first_o rise_n true_a it_o be_v immediate_o after_o his_o father_n death_n he_o enter_v the_o territory_n of_o the_o christian_n spread_v a_o great_a terror_n and_o throw_v down_o to_o the_o ground_n all_o that_o have_v be_v build_v since_o the_o city_n leon_n be_v last_o destroy_v yet_o the_o beginning_n of_o this_o war_n be_v more_o successful_a to_o the_o moor_n than_o the_o end_n for_o
in_o the_o meadow_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n on_o which_o the_o town_n stand_v some_o skirmish_n happen_v near_o the_o wall_n but_o nothing_o remarkable_a in_o they_o except_o that_o it_o be_v observe_v the_o christian_n be_v the_o better_a foot_n and_o the_o moor_n the_o experte_a horse_n tower_n of_o wood_n be_v make_v and_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o engine_n apply_v to_o the_o wall_n which_o though_o they_o beat_v down_o part_n of_o it_o yet_o it_o avail_v not_o because_o the_o ascent_n be_v difficult_a the_o street_n narrow_a the_o house_n high_a and_o strong_a and_o the_o defendant_n numerous_a thus_o the_o siege_n be_v protract_v provision_n be_v scarce_o the_o country_n about_o be_v waste_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o summer_n come_v on_o and_o the_o army_n begin_v to_o be_v sickly_a all_o these_o thing_n cause_v the_o soldier_n to_o wish_v for_o some_o honourable_a accommodation_n at_o this_o time_n cyprianus_n bishop_n of_o leon_n acquaint_v the_o king_n that_o s._n isidorus_n have_v appear_v to_o he_o assure_v the_o city_n will_v be_v take_v in_o 15_o day_n the_o besiege_a suffer_v great_a want_n have_v spend_v all_o their_o provision_n whereupon_o gather_v in_o a_o body_n they_o repair_v to_o the_o palace_n with_o clamour_n require_v the_o king_n to_o capitulate_v he_o have_v endeavour_v to_o appease_v they_o affirm_v they_o shall_v be_v speedy_o relieve_v and_o find_v they_o persist_v in_o their_o demand_n send_v out_o commissioner_n to_o treat_v some_o day_n sâ—â—eing_v spend_v in_o expostulate_v and_o debate_v the_o matter_n at_o length_n the_o treaty_n be_v conclude_v upon_o these_o article_n that_o the_o palace_n surrender_n city_n gate_n bridges_n and_o king's-garden_n be_v deliver_v up_o to_o king_n alonso_n that_o the_o moorish_a king_n may_v go_v to_o valencia_n or_o where_o he_o shall_v think_v sit_v the_o same_o liberty_n to_o be_v allow_v the_o moor_n that_o will_v bear_v he_o company_n and_o they_o may_v carry_v their_o good_n and_o movable_n such_o as_o will_v stay_v in_o the_o city_n shall_v not_o be_v molest_v in_o their_o person_n or_o good_n the_o chief_a mosque_n shall_v continue_v in_o their_o possession_n no_o other_o tax_n shall_v be_v impose_v on_o they_o but_o such_o as_o they_o pay_v to_o their_o own_o king_n they_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o judge_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n and_o no_o other_o these_o article_n be_v solemn_o swear_v to_o on_o both_o side_n and_o hostage_n give_v surrender_v for_o performance_n which_o do_v king_n alonso_n with_o great_a joy_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o triumph_n enter_v the_o city_n on_o the_o 25_o of_o may_n be_v the_o feast_n of_o s._n vrban_n pope_n and_o martyr_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1085._o some_o author_n say_v 1083._o that_o city_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o moor_n about_o 369_o year_n julianus_n say_v 366._o and_o that_o the_o moor_n take_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 719._o on_o s._n vrban_n day_n during_o which_o time_n the_o moor_n be_v nothing_o curious_a in_o building_n it_o lose_v much_o of_o its_o former_a beauty_n the_o street_n be_v narrow_a and_o crooked_a the_o house_n ill_o contrive_v the_o very_a palace_n be_v of_o mud-wall_n and_o stand_v where_o now_o be_v a_o great_a hospital_n found_v by_o d._n peter_n gonzalez_n de_fw-fr mendoza_n cardinal_n of_o spain_n and_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n stand_v the_o chief_a mosque_n on_o a_o rise_a ground_n the_o building_n at_o that_o time_n nothing_o sumptuous_a soon_o after_o it_o be_v consecrate_a and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n build_v from_o the_o ground_n very_o large_a and_o beautiful_a the_o fame_n of_o this_o success_n be_v soon_o spread_v abroad_o and_o ambassador_n come_v to_o congratulate_v with_o the_o king_n from_o several_a prince_n the_o moorish_a king_n according_a to_o the_o capitulation_n go_v away_o with_o a_o good_a guard_n to_o valencia_n which_o be_v his_o own_o where_o he_o preserve_v the_o title_n of_o king_n on_o the_o other_o side_n many_o brigade_n of_o christian_n be_v disperse_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n of_o toledo_n to_o reduce_v all_o that_o remain_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o moor_n which_o prove_v no_o difficult_a task_n they_o be_v terrify_v at_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o great_a a_o city_n many_o town_n be_v take_v the_o most_o note_a be_v maqueda_n escalona_n illescas_n talavera_n guadalajara_n mora_n take_v consuegra_n madrid_n berlanga_n buytrago_n medinaceli_n and_o coria_n many_o of_o they_o ancient_a town_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o toledo_n strong_a and_o seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a country_n some_o of_o the_o moor_n of_o toledo_n accompany_v their_o king_n but_o the_o most_o stay_v behind_o their_o number_n be_v great_a there_o be_v danger_n they_o may_v upon_o the_o first_o opportunity_n revolt_n to_o prevent_v this_o evil_a the_o king_n resolve_v to_o settle_v his_o court_n there_o till_o such_o time_n it_o be_v better_o people_v with_o christian_n and_o new_a fortification_n raise_v to_o secure_v it_o house_n and_o land_n be_v by_o proclamation_n offer_v to_o all_o such_o as_o will_v come_v and_o inhabit_v there_o which_o draw_v a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n among_o the_o rest_n we_o have_v a_o account_n of_o one_o peter_n a_o grecian_a of_o the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o paleologi_fw-la of_o constantinople_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v serve_v during_o the_o siege_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n the_o town_n be_v take_v give_v he_o a_o house_n and_o land_n of_o inheritance_n from_o this_o gentleman_n the_o great_a family_n of_o toledo_n pretend_v to_o be_v descend_v from_o this_o time_n it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n quarter_n in_o toledo_n be_v so_o call_v because_o the_o king_n give_v that_o part_n of_o the_o city_n to_o the_o new_a inhabitant_n that_o resort_v thither_o a_o new_a palace_n be_v begin_v to_o be_v build_v in_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o city_n all_o to_o the_o intent_n the_o better_a to_o curb_v the_o moor_n after_o this_o we_o emperor_n find_v king_n alonso_n begin_v to_o style_v himself_o emperor_n whether_o he_o have_v reason_n so_o to_o do_v we_o will_v not_o dispute_v he_o be_v puff_v up_o with_o the_o conquest_n of_o that_o new_a kingdom_n and_o be_v sovereign_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o moorish_a king_n be_v his_o tributary_n he_o think_v no_o title_n too_o great_a his_o joy_n be_v somewhat_o allay_v by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o sister_n d._n vrraoa_o who_o he_o respect_v as_o a_o mother_n and_o she_o deserve_v it_o for_o her_o singular_a virtue_n his_o other_o sister_n d._n elvira_n be_v marry_v to_o the_o count_n de_fw-fr cabra_fw-la to_o who_o he_o give_v she_o to_o appease_v he_o have_v provoke_v he_o by_o some_o rash_a word_n as_o be_v relate_v in_o the_o general_n history_n of_o d._n alonso_n the_o wise_a chap._n x._o the_o election_n of_o the_o new_a archbishop_n of_o toledo_n the_o abolish_n the_o old_a missal_n and_o breviary_n the_o original_a of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n his_o spiritual_a jurisdiction_n over_o all_o spain_n king_n alphonso_n wife_n and_o child_n new_a war_n break_v out_o in_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 1086._o the_o city_n of_o toledo_n be_v well_o inhabit_a with_o christian_n and_o the_o 1086._o moor_n keep_v under_o the_o king_n convene_v a_o synod_n of_o bishop_n at_o which_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n choose_v be_v present_a the_o cause_n of_o their_o meeting_n be_v to_o choose_v a_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o bernard_n abbot_n of_o sahagun_n be_v elect_v he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o virtuous_a life_n a_o ready_a wit_n sound_a judgement_n very_o learned_a and_o upright_o which_o good_a quality_n move_v they_o to_o prefer_v he_o before_o all_o other_o though_o a_o stranger_n as_o be_v a_o natural_a bear_v frenchman_n of_o the_o city_n of_o again_o in_o the_o province_n of_o aquitain_n or_o guienne_n in_o his_o youth_n he_o be_v a_o soldier_n at_o ripe_a year_n take_v the_o habit_n of_o a_o monk_n at_o aux_fw-fr and_o be_v send_v thence_o into_o spain_n by_o hugo_n the_o abbot_n at_o the_o request_n of_o king_n alphonso_n to_o reform_v the_o archbishop_n monastery_n of_o sahagun_n which_o he_o design_v to_o be_v the_o head_n of_o all_o the_o benedictines_n in_o spain_n after_o he_o have_v be_v their_o abbot_n some_o time_n he_o be_v promote_v to_o the_o high_a dignity_n of_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n that_o his_o honour_n and_o authority_n may_v be_v the_o great_a the_o king_n free_o give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n archbishop_n of_o that_o see_v many_o town_n land_n mill_n and_o house_n in_o memory_n whereof_o a_o anniversary_n be_v celebrate_v for_o king_n alphonso_n every_o year_n in_o that_o church_n in_o june_n this_o do_v
all_o necessary_a preparation_n gather_v arm_n horse_n provision_n and_o money_n not_o only_o the_o laity_n but_o the_o clergy_n be_v oblige_v to_o take_v up_o arm_n old_a and_o now_o soldier_n raise_v and_o supply_v solicit_v from_o abroad_o many_o stranger_n move_v by_o the_o great_a danger_n spain_n be_v in_o and_o desire_v moor_n to_o serve_v in_o that_o war_n come_v over_o especial_o out_o of_o france_n among_o these_o raymund_n earl_n of_o burgundy_n and_o his_o kinsman_n henry_n who_o be_v bear_v at_o besançon_n be_v of_o the_o house_n of_o lorraine_n and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n the_o founder_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n beside_o these_o there_o come_v raymund_n earl_n of_o toulouse_n with_o they_o come_v a_o good_a number_n of_o brave_a and_o experience_a french_a soldier_n d._n sancho_n king_n of_o arragon_n be_v not_o want_v he_o though_o very_o ancient_a yet_o have_v the_o vivacity_n and_o courage_n of_o youth_n and_o be_v a_o excellent_a commander_n have_v gain_v experience_n in_o the_o continual_a war_n he_o have_v with_o the_o moor_n all_o these_o force_n make_v up_o so_o great_a a_o army_n that_o they_o resolve_v to_o invade_v the_o enemy_n country_n they_o enter_v andaluzia_n plunder_v and_o waste_v all_o wherever_o they_o come_v it_o be_v no_o time_n for_o the_o moor_n to_o be_v idle_a both_o army_n come_v in_o sight_n of_o one_o another_o near_o a_o town_n call_v alagueto_n but_o joseph_n find_v himself_o inferior_a to_o the_o christian_n shun_v sight_v his_o retreat_n be_v more_o like_a to_o a_o disorderly_a flight_n for_o he_o lose_v great_a part_n of_o the_o baggage_n king_n alonso_z think_v it_o better_a to_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o honour_n gain_v than_o to_o tempt_v fortune_n beside_o that_o his_o army_n be_v compose_v of_o so_o many_o different_a nation_n can_v not_o long_o hold_v together_o thus_o he_o return_v home_o his_o army_n load_v with_o spoil_n and_o please_v with_o their_o success_n after_o this_o for_o some_o time_n the_o almoravide_n attempt_v nothing_o far_o for_o joseph_n be_v force_v to_o repair_v to_o africa_n to_o settle_v his_o new_a acquire_v kingdom_n mean_a while_n king_n alonso_z sleep_v not_o expect_v the_o war_n will_v soon_o break_v out_o again_o therefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o strengthen_v himself_o with_o fresh_a ally_n abroad_o in_o the_o first_o place_n he_o give_v three_o of_o his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n to_o those_o three_o lord_n stranger_n that_o come_v to_o his_o assistance_n out_o of_o france_n raymund_n earl_n of_o toulouse_n marry_v d._n elvira_n henry_n of_o lorraine_n d._n teresa_n both_o illegitimate_a raymund_n of_o burgundy_n have_v d._n vrraca_n get_v in_o wedlock_n this_o prince_n be_v say_v to_o have_v rebuilt_a salamanca_n by_o the_o king_n order_n moreover_o sancha_n the_o king_n daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o earl_n roderick_n from_o he_o some_o will_v have_v the_o noble_a family_n of_o giron_n to_o be_v descend_v to_o henry_n be_v give_v in_o 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teresa_n who_o by_o his_o valour_n make_v the_o name_n of_o portugal_n famous_a extend_v his_o dominion_n and_o be_v 1094._o arragon_n the_o first_o of_o those_o prince_n that_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o king_n which_o he_o maintain_v in_o opposition_n to_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n the_o same_o year_n be_v unhappy_a for_o the_o unfortunate_a death_n of_o d._n sancho_n i._o king_n of_o arragon_n who_o merit_v the_o esteem_n of_o his_o subject_n not_o only_o for_o have_v govern_v and_o maintain_v his_o kingdom_n as_o well_o as_o any_o of_o his_o ancestor_n but_o for_o enlarge_n and_o extend_v its_o limit_n he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o come_v down_o from_o the_o high_a mountain_n where_o his_o predecessor_n maintain_v themselves_o by_o the_o natural_a strength_n of_o those_o place_n into_o the_o plain_n where_o he_o take_v many_o city_n and_o to_n he_o have_v continual_a war_n with_o the_o moorish_a king_n of_o balaguer_n lerida_n monçon_n barbastro_n and_o fraga_n and_o oblige_v 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the_o king_n flush_v with_o his_o former_a success_n march_v to_o albarazin_n a_o small_a but_o very_o strong_a place_n be_v encompass_v with_o rock_n and_o almost_o surround_v by_o the_o river_n turia_n common_o call_v guadalaviar_n two_o month_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n the_o king_n lie_v before_o it_o and_o be_v force_v at_o last_o to_o raise_v the_o siege_n nevertheless_o peter_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr açagra_n be_v soon_o after_o restore_v to_o the_o king_n favour_n all_o the_o nobility_n intercede_v for_o he_o his_o own_o service_n be_v a_o great_a recommendation_n and_o the_o king_n be_v willing_a to_o gain_v so_o considerable_a a_o man._n these_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o arragon_n in_o the_o year_n 1220._o in_o castille_n the_o same_o year_n on_o s._n 1220._o andrew_n day_n the_o marriage_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n with_o beatrix_n daughter_n to_o the_o late_a emperor_n philip._n philip_n be_v celebrate_v ambassador_n have_v be_v send_v to_o treat_v of_o this_o match_n to_o 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of_o st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n and_o immediate_o the_o cross_n and_o royal_a standard_n be_v set_v up_o in_o the_o steeple_n of_o the_o great_a mosque_n which_o be_v consecrate_a by_o several_a bishop_n who_o follow_v the_o army_n f._n lope_n a_o monk_n of_o fitero_n near_o pisuerga_n be_v the_o first_o bishop_n of_o that_o see_n because_o the_o moor_n 260_o year_n before_o have_v cause_v the_o bell_n from_o santiago_n in_o galicia_n to_o be_v bring_v to_o this_o city_n on_o the_o shoulder_n of_o the_o christian_n he_o now_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v carry_v back_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n by_o moor_n all_o the_o infidel_n depart_v the_o city_n be_v leave_v desolate_a which_o oblige_v the_o king_n to_o grant_v extraordinary_a privilege_n to_o such_o as_o will_v come_v and_o inhabit_v there_o great_a number_n resort_v to_o who_o land_n and_o house_n be_v give_v
to_o reduce_v the_o arragonian_n to_o submit_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o see_v of_o toledo_n the_o prelate_n of_o that_o country_n in_o a_o provincial_a synod_n hold_v at_o valencia_n have_v decree_v that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n shall_v not_o have_v his_o cross_n carry_v before_o he_o in_o that_o province_n and_o interdict_a any_o town_n that_o shall_v permit_v he_o to_o do_v it_o d._n roderick_n happen_v to_o be_v there_o continue_v to_o have_v his_o cross_n carry_v as_o usual_a for_o which_o d._n peter_n de_fw-fr alvalete_fw-la the_o chief_a fomenter_n of_o that_o contention_n declare_v he_o excommunicate_v they_o have_v recourse_n to_o pope_n gregory_n ix_o who_o give_v judgement_n in_o favour_n of_o toledo_n yet_o the_o arragonian_n not_o submit_v d._n roderick_n now_o undertake_v this_o journey_n to_o secure_v his_o prerogative_n he_o die_v in_o france_n be_v upon_o his_o way_n home_o his_o body_n be_v bring_v into_o spain_n and_o bury_v at_o huerta_n a_o 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the_o thing_n deserve_v in_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o spain_n towards_o the_o west_n stand_v the_o city_n of_o sevil_n the_o metropolis_n of_o andaluzia_n and_o for_o riches_n may_v be_v reckon_v among_o the_o chief_a in_o europe_n it_o be_v strength_n consist_v sevil._n not_o only_o in_o the_o wall_n but_o the_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n its_o beauty_n in_o the_o numerous_a stately_a building_n and_o splendour_n of_o the_o people_n betwixt_o this_o city_n which_o be_v on_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o a_o suburb_n call_v triana_n on_o the_o right_n run_v the_o river_n guadalquivir_fw-fr hem_v in_o with_o high_a key_n and_o carry_v water_n enough_o for_o ship_n of_o great_a burden_n which_o render_v it_o commodious_a for_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o mediterranean_n a_o bridge_n of_o wood_n build_v upon_o boat_n join_v the_o suburb_n to_o the_o city_n in_o the_o city_n be_v the_o old_a palace_n inhabit_v by_o the_o ancient_a king_n in_o the_o suburb_n face_v the_o east_n 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time_n he_o advise_v and_o warn_v king_n jayme_n not_o to_o engage_v himself_o with_o so_o wicked_a a_o man_n lest_o he_o shall_v draw_v some_o judgement_n upon_o himself_o this_o answer_n put_v the_o king_n of_o arragon_n to_o a_o stand_n but_o at_o length_n interest_n prevail_v the_o marriage_n be_v solemnize_v at_o monpellier_n in_o france_n in_o the_o year_n 1262._o the_o king_n return_v to_o barcelona_n divide_v his_o dominion_n among_o his_o son_n 1262._o to_o peter_n the_o elder_a be_v assign_v all_o arragon_n catalonia_n and_o valencia_n to_o his_o son_n jayme_n he_o give_v russillon_n cerdagne_n colibre_fw-la conflens_fw-la and_o valespira_n yet_o so_o as_o that_o he_o shall_v do_v homage_n for_o they_o to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n they_o be_v also_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o law_n of_o catalonia_n and_o not_o to_o have_v authority_n to_o coin_v money_n beside_o those_o dominion_n he_o give_v he_o majorca_n with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n and_o also_o montpelier_n in_o france_n thus_o the_o father_n reconcile_v the_o two_o brother_n who_o begin_v to_o be_v at_o variance_n about_o their_o inheritance_n the_o nobility_n heighten_v their_o division_n without_o regard_n to_o the_o public_a every_o one_o of_o they_o strive_v to_o make_v his_o own_o advantage_n chap._n vii_o the_o family_n of_o the_o merines_n obtain_v the_o empire_n of_o africa_n the_o war_n against_o the_o moor_n renew_v in_o spain_n cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n build_v trouble_n in_o arragon_n the_o city_n murcia_n take_v and_o the_o king_n of_o granada_n make_v tributary_n a_o new_a and_o more_o dangerous_a war_n than_o any_o of_o the_o former_a seem_v now_o to_o threaten_v spain_n from_o a_o new_a empire_n late_o erect_v in_o africa_n the_o family_n of_o the_o merines_n have_v overthrow_v africa_n and_o destroy_v the_o almohade_n revive_v the_o former_a valour_n of_o that_o nation_n and_o purpose_v to_o march_v over_o into_o spain_n to_o restore_v its_o empire_n there_o after_o the_o 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such_o as_o escape_v the_o slaughter_n flee_v to_o fez_n which_o be_v near_o to_o that_o part_n of_o africa_n call_v algarve_n or_o the_o plain_a country_n bucar_n merin_n governor_n of_o fez_n under_o pretence_n of_o revenge_v his_o master_n gather_v these_o break_a force_n overthrow_v the_o rebel_n and_o then_o as_o a_o reward_n of_o his_o victory_n lay_v a_o side_n the_o title_n of_o governor_n assume_v the_o style_n of_o king_n secure_v the_o empire_n of_o africa_n to_o himself_o and_o his_o successor_n thus_o only_o the_o usurper_n be_v change_v bucar_n merin_n found_v a_o new_a empire_n in_o africa_n for_o almorcanda_n who_o be_v of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o almohade_n and_o have_v succeed_v arrasius_n at_o morocco_n design_v to_o subdue_v bucar_n be_v by_o he_o defeat_v in_o a_o battle_n fight_v near_o a_o town_n call_v merquenosa_n a_o day_n journey_n from_o fez._n by_o this_o mean_n that_o which_o before_o make_v one_o empire_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o which_o be_v fez_n and_o morocco_n and_o so_o continue_v some_o time_n hiaya_n the_o son_n of_o bucar_n succeed_v he_o he_o die_v young_a his_o uncle_n jacob_n abenjoseph_n who_o govern_v in_o his_o name_n and_o be_v a_o warlike_a and_o wise_a man_n not_o only_o secure_v to_o himself_o the_o dominion_n of_o fez_n but_o with_o wonderful_a ease_n conquer_a the_o empire_n of_o morocco_n and_o almost_o all_o africa_a which_o he_o leave_v to_o his_o heir_n no_o people_n under_o the_o sun_n be_v more_o inconstant_a than_o the_o african_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o no_o dominion_n be_v last_v among_o they_o budebusio_n a_o powerful_a moor_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o almohade_n offend_v that_o almorcanda_n who_o be_v not_o so_o near_o relate_v to_o the_o king_n of_o morocco_n as_o himself_o shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o he_o offer_v jacob_n king_n of_o fez_n all_o the_o land_n from_o that_o city_n to_o the_o river_n nababo_n if_o he_o will_v assist_v he_o to_o recover_v his_o right_n almorcanda_n by_o their_o joint_a force_n be_v easy_o drive_v from_o morocco_n yet_o budebusio_n not_o only_o refuse_v to_o perform_v his_o promise_n but_o threaten_v the_o king_n of_o fez._n after_o three_o year_n spend_v in_o war_n between_o they_o budebusio_n be_v despoil_v of_o all_o his_o dominion_n and_o the_o king_n of_o fez_n take_v morocco_n become_v absolute_a monarch_n of_o all_o africa_a except_o the_o city_n of_o tremeçen_n and_o tunez_n during_o these_o confusion_n two_o of_o the_o almohade_n secure_v those_o place_n and_o keep_v they_o with_o the_o title_n of_o king_n though_o of_o no_o great_a power_n from_o this_o family_n without_o any_o interruption_n descend_v muleasse_n king_n of_o tunez_n who_o be_v banish_v his_o kingdom_n by_o the_o famous_a pirate_n barbarossa_n be_v restore_v by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n v._n these_o be_v the_o family_n that_o rule_v in_o africa_n in_o spain_n mahomet_n almahar_n be_v king_n of_o granada_n and_o hudiel_n of_o murcia_n both_o weak_a and_o 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exaction_n the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n be_v equal_o please_v to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o grievous_a to_o he_o of_o france_n to_o divert_v his_o melancholy_n by_o offend_v his_o enemy_n he_o make_v great_a levy_n his_o land_n army_n amount_v to_o 20000_o horse_n and_o 80000_o foot_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o provide_v a_o fleet_n of_o 120_o sail_n between_o great_a ship_n galley_n and_o other_o small_a vessel_n he_o resolve_v to_o go_v in_o person_n to_o this_o expedition_n and_o with_o he_o philip_n and_o charles_n his_o son_n and_o jayme_n king_n of_o majorca_n who_o follow_v the_o french_a be_v high_o offend_v at_o the_o aragonian_a he_o brother_n with_o they_o also_o be_v cardinal_n gervasius_n send_v by_o pope_n martin_n the_o four_o as_o his_o legate_n that_o pope_n die_v at_o perosa_fw-la on_o the_o 29_o of_o march_n honorius_n the_o ivth_o a_o citizen_n of_o rome_n of_o the_o family_n sabela_n be_v choose_v in_o his_o place_n and_o take_v 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the_o river_n guadalete_fw-la rather_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o flight_n than_o a_o retreat_n one_o ask_v of_o the_o moorish_a king_n the_o reason_n why_o he_o show_v so_o much_o 〈◊〉_d and_o he_o answer_v i_o be_o the_o first_o that_o raise_v the_o family_n of_o bar-ameda_a to_o the_o regal_a dignity_n my_o enemy_n be_v descend_v from_o above_o 40_o king_n which_o in_o battle_n will_v have_v be_v a_o great_a terror_n to_o i_o and_o a_o mighty_a encouragement_n to_o he_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o good_a opportunity_n to_o pursue_v the_o infidel_n but_o king_n sancho_n be_v for_o the_o safe_a rather_o than_o dangerous_a counsel_n therefore_o have_v repair_v and_o revictual_v xerez_n he_o return_v 〈◊〉_d notwithstanding_o the_o soldier_n mutter_v they_o lose_v a_o great_a opportunity_n of_o destroy_v â—â—_o enemy_n ambassador_n pass_v betwixt_o the_o two_o king_n and_o at_o last_o they_o have_v a_o meeting_n of_o the_o bank_n of_o guadalquivir_n other_o say_v at_o râ—â—aserrada_n there_o 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march_n go_v to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o ambush_n be_v lay_v with_o only_o 300_o horse_n on_o the_o 15_o of_o august_n the_o party_n meet_v and_o there_o ensue_v a_o desperate_a fight_n the_o arragonian_n be_v the_o great_a number_n but_o the_o french_a make_v the_o 〈…〉_z bravery_n and_o dexterity_n the_o king_n do_v all_o that_o can_v be_v expect_v of_o a_o wise_a commandeâ—_n and_o resolute_a soldier_n he_o be_v hurt_v in_o the_o head_n and_o endeavour_v then_o to_o get_v off_o a_o 〈◊〉_d man_n seize_v his_o horse_n reins_o and_o have_v take_v he_o have_v he_o not_o with_o his_o sword_n cut_v the_o râ—ins_n and_o flee_v this_o write_v villancus_fw-la who_o give_v occasion_n to_o other_o to_o commit_v the_o same_o error_n for_o all_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o arragon_n affirm_v the_o king_n come_v off_o without_o hurt_n that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o stain_n be_v 〈◊〉_d both_o side_n though_o the_o french_a be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n thus_o 〈…〉_z author_n to_o vary_v the_o season_n be_v very_o hot_a bring_v the_o plague_n into_o the_o 〈…〉_z camp_n and_o yet_o the_o besiege_a hearing_n of_o this_o defeat_n and_o have_v no_o hope_n of_o relief_n 〈…〉_z condition_n they_o shall_v be_v suffer_v to_o depart_v whither_o they_o french_a please_v and_o to_o take_v 〈…〉_z as_o much_o of_o their_o good_n as_o they_o be_v able_a to_o carry_v much_o cruelty_n be_v use_v 〈◊〉_d they_o that_o surrender_v and_o even_o the_o church_n be_v profane_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o s._n narcissus_n who_o be_v patrâ—â—_n of_o that_o city_n and_o theâ—_n reverence_v with_o singular_a devotion_n be_v spoil_v of_o all_o the_o riches_n belong_v to_o it_o which_o be_v very_o considerable_a and_o carry_v away_o the_o plague_n increase_v which_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o judgement_n for_o that_o sacrilege_n and_o 〈◊〉_d the_o french_a resolve_v
revenue_n in_o his_o archbishopric_n whence_o there_o ensue_v a_o mortal_a enmity_n betwixt_o they_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o navarrois_fw-mi still_o subject_a to_o france_n sustain_v a_o great_a loss_n in_o biscay_n philip_n the_o long_a king_n of_o france_n die_v without_o heir_n on_o the_o second_o of_o june_n 1321_o his_o brother_n charles_n the_o fair_a succeed_v 1321_o he_o and_o equal_v his_o brother_n in_o liberality_n valour_n and_o beauty_n in_o his_o time_n the_o biscainer_n seize_v the_o castle_n of_o gorricia_n in_o guipuscoa_n pretend_v the_o navarrois_n withhold_v it_o from_o they_o wrongful_o 60000_o men-marched_a out_o of_o navarre_n if_o the_o number_n be_v not_o mistake_v and_o come_v to_o botivara_n on_o the_o 19_o of_o september_n 800_o biscainer_n have_v secure_v the_o pass_n of_o the_o war._n mountain_n from_o thence_o roll_v down_o barrel_n full_a of_o stone_n and_o body_n of_o tree_n on_o the_o navarrois_fw-mi which_o break_v and_o put_v they_o to_o 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6_o month_n on_o the_o 15_o of_o october_n die_v at_o rome_n pope_n vrban_n the_o vith_o in_o his_o place_n the_o cardinal_n of_o that_o faction_n soon_o choose_v the_o cardinal_n peter_n tomaçello_n of_o naples_n who_o be_v call_v boniface_n the_o ix_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o term_n of_o the_o truce_n expire_v but_o the_o portague_n sit_v before_o tuy_n a_o city_n in_o galicia_n plunder_v all_o the_o country_n about_o it_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n be_v afraid_a to_o hazard_v a_o battle_n but_o send_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o master_n of_o alcantara_n to_o carry_v relief_n to_o the_o besiege_v they_o come_v when_o the_o city_n be_v take_v but_o lose_v not_o their_o labour_n for_o they_o conclude_v a_o truce_n for_o 6_o year_n upon_o condition_n tuy_n and_o all_o other_o town_n take_v during_o the_o war_n shall_v be_v restore_v on_o both_o side_n the_o year_n 1390_o be_v very_o remarkable_a in_o castille_n for_o the_o cortes_n then_o assemble_v 1390._o and_o the_o 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his_o nephew_n pâ—tâ—r_fw-fr de_fw-fr luna_n but_o the_o king_n not_o approve_v of_o he_o the_o bishop_n of_o siguença_n vicar_n of_o the_o archbishopric_n have_v charge_n of_o it_o for_o some_o year_n till_o the_o pope_n election_n take_v place_n the_o joy_n and_o devotion_n of_o the_o great_a year_n of_o jubilee_n 1400_o be_v much_o lessen_v by_o the_o schism_n in_o the_o church_n though_o the_o christian_a prince_n use_v all_o possible_a mean_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o it_o 1400._o to_o this_o purpose_n for_o the_o humble_v the_o obduracy_n of_o pope_n benedict_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n at_o the_o persuasion_n of_o d._n peter_n hernandez_n de_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d cardinal_n of_o spain_n public_o disow_v he_o yet_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n interpose_v three_o year_n after_o he_o submit_v to_o he_o again_o from_o spain_n lagâ—â—doc_n and_o cataloâ—â—a_n the_o plague_n spread_v over_o all_o spain_n with_o such_o a_o mighty_a mortality_n that_o it_o oblige_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n to_o give_v leave_n to_o widow_n to_o marry_v the_o same_o year_n their_o husband_n die_v which_o before_o be_v forbid_v the_o king_n general_o reside_v at_o sevil_n that_o be_v a_o pleasant_a and_o healthy_a place_n and_o he_o very_o â—ickly_o in_o july_n the_o first_o clock_n be_v fix_v in_o the_o steeple_n of_o the_o cathedral_n for_o there_o be_v no_o such_o clock_n before_o in_o spain_n and_o a_o great_a bell_n to_o it_o the_o king_n nobleâ—_n and_o a_o multitude_n of_o people_n be_v present_a when_o on_o a_o sudden_a a_o storm_n rise_v a_o flash_n of_o lightning_n kill_v several_a men._n this_o be_v take_v as_o a_o ill_a omen_n procession_n be_v make_v to_o appease_v god_n wrâ—th_n near_o the_o town_n of_o niebâ—â—_n 5_o league_n from_o segovia_n a_o image_n of_o our_o bless_a lady_n be_v 〈◊〉_d and_o many_o people_n devout_o resort_v thither_o to_o visit_v it_o queen_n cathâ—rine_n build_v there_o a_o church_n for_o it_o with_o a_o monastery_n of_o dominicanâ—_n adjoin_v to_o it_o which_o draw_v many_o 〈◊〉_d and_o settle_v there_o so_o that_o in_o our_o day_n it_o be_v grow_v up_o to_o be_v a_o pretty_a considerable_a 〈◊〉_d â—â—â—p_n v._o the_o death_n of_o the_o 〈…〉_z sicily_n of_o tamerlan_n and_o bajazet_n pope_n benedict_n again_o receive_v in_o castille_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n have_v a_o son_n bear_v pope_n boniface_n die_v innocent_n the_o viiâ—â—_n choose_v at_o roâ—â—_n the_o lady_n violante_n daughter_n to_o john_n king_n of_o arragon_n be_v during_o her_o father_n life_n contract_v to_o luis_n 〈◊〉_d anjoâ—_n as_o be_v say_v before_o her_o marriage_n be_v delay_v because_o anjoâ—_n she_o 〈◊〉_d under_o age_n and_o 〈◊〉_d year_n it_o â—â—s_o conclude_v upon_o she_o be_v to_o have_v 160000_o florin_n portion_n and_o he_o to_o sweâ—â—_n never_o to_o lay_v any_o claim_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o arragon_n in_o her_o right_n this_o do_v she_o be_v noble_o conduct_v into_o france_n to_o her_o husband_n in_o the_o month_n of_o march_n 1401_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n assemble_v the_o cortes_n at_o tordesillas_n where_o many_o good_a law_n be_v enact_v particular_o to_o restrain_v the_o avarice_n of_o the_o farmer_n of_o the_o revenue_n and_o officer_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n marry_o queen_n of_o sicily_n die_v at_o cataneâ—_n as_o be_v think_v of_o grief_n for_o the_o 1401._o die_v death_n of_o her_o son_n who_o end_v his_o day_n at_o 〈◊〉_d age_n of_o 7_o year_n both_o the_o mother_n and_o son_n be_v bury_v in_o that_o city_n however_o her_o 〈◊〉_d next_o of_o blood_n remain_v king_n and_o all_o the_o nobility_n aim_v to_o marry_v their_o daughter_n 〈◊〉_d to_o he_o he_o marry_v blanch_n three_o daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n who_o afterward_o inherit_v her_o father_n kingdom_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o navaâ—â—â—_n meet_v upon_o this_o account_n on_o the_o frontier_n there_o the_o 〈◊〉_d deliver_v his_o daughter_n to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d in_o law_n who_o send_v she_o from_o valencia_n to_o sicily_n in_o a_o â—â—eet_a command_v by_o d._n bernard_n de_fw-fr cabrera_n but_o her_o departure_n and_o marriage_n be_v in_o the_o year_n 1402._o 1402._o in_o november_n the_o same_o year_n the_o queen_n of_o castille_n be_v deliver_v of_o a_o daughter_n call_v mary_n who_o be_v afterward_o marry_v to_o her_o cousin_n german_n alonso_n king_n of_o arragon_n and_o naples_n but_o they_o have_v no_o issue_n for_o she_o prove_v barren_a after_o the_o defeat_n of_o the_o french_a and_o hungarian_n at_o nicopolis_n bajazet_n emperor_n of_o the_o turk_n exploit_n lay_v siege_n to_o constantinople_n at_o the_o same_o time_n tamerlan_n the_o tartar_n with_o a_o incredible_a army_n as_o be_v report_v of_o 40000_o horse_n and_o 600000_o foot_n overrun_v all_o the_o east_n his_o custom_n be_v when_o he_o sit_v down_o before_o a_o city_n the_o first_o day_n to_o put_v up_o white_a colour_n in_o token_n of_o mercy_n the_o second_o day_n they_o be_v red_a to_o denote_v he_o will_v shed_v the_o blood_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o three_o black_a which_o signify_v the_o utter_a desolation_n of_o the_o place_n it_o happen_v the_o city_n berytus_n do_v not_o surrender_v before_o the_o second_o day_n and_o then_o send_v out_o their_o woman_n and_o child_n clothe_v in_o white_a with_o bough_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o appease_v he_o but_o he_o nothing_o move_v cause_v his_o horse_n to_o trample_v they_o to_o death_n a_o genoese_n who_o follow_v his_o camp_n take_v the_o boldness_n upon_o this_o occasion_n to_o put_v he_o in_o mind_n he_o be_v a_o man_n and_o he_o with_o a_o furious_a countenance_n answer_v do_v thou_o think_v i_o be_o a_o man_n i_o be_o no_o such_o i_o be_o the_o scourge_n of_o god_n and_o plague_n of_o mankind_n bajâ—zet_n see_v all_o asia_n be_v in_o danger_n of_o be_v lose_v raise_v the_o siege_n of_o constantinople_n and_o pass_v over_o into_o asia_n on_o that_o part_n of_o mount_n taurus_n call_v stella_n they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n and_o after_o a_o moâ—â—_n bloody_a dispute_v 200000_o man_n be_v slay_v bajazet_n be_v overthrow_v and_o take_v he_o tamerlan_n put_v into_o a_o cage_n and_o in_o that_o manner_n carry_v he_o about_o asia_n tread_v on_o his_o shoulder_n every_o time_n he_o mount_v a_o horseback_n and_o feed_v he_o like_o a_o dog_n with_o bit_n throw_v from_o his_o table_n king_n henry_n of_o castille_n though_o sickly_a attend_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o government_n and_o send_v embassy_n to_o all_o part_n and_o particular_o to_o the_o levant_n he_o send_v pelayo_n de_fw-fr sotomayâ—â—_n and_o â—â—â—dinand_n de_fw-fr palaçuelos_n who_o be_v present_a at_o that_o famous_a battle_n between_o the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n tamerlan_n treat_v they_o courteous_o and_o at_o their_o return_n castille_n to_o spain_n send_v along_o with_o they_o a_o ambassador_n of_o his_o own_o to_o settle_v peace_n and_o unity_n with_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n he_o have_v conclude_v his_o negociation_n return_v home_o accompany_v by_o three_o spanish_a ambassador_n who_o write_v a_o journal_n of_o that_o embassy_n which_o be_v still_o extant_a tamerlâ—n's_n glory_n be_v not_o last_v at_o his_o return_n home_o he_o build_v a_o beautiful_a city_n which_o he_o call_v mercanti_fw-la he_o leave_v two_o son_n who_o differ_v about_o the_o inheritance_n tear_v in_o 〈◊〉_d the_o empire_n purchase_v by_o their_o father_n this_o year_n be_v unhappy_a to_o the_o portuguese_n and_o navarrois_n for_o the_o heir_n of_o both_o kingdom_n die_v d._n alonso_n elder_a son_n to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n be_v but_o 12_o year_n of_o age._n he_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o cathedral_n of_o braga_n this_o loss_n be_v the_o more_o tolerable_a for_o that_o there_o be_v several_a brother_n beside_o as_o the_o prince_n edward_n peter_n henry_n john_n and_o ferdinand_n and_o two_o sister_n blanch_n and_o elizabeth_n at_o painplona_n die_v the_o prince_n charles_n 5_o year_n and_o lâ—â—ys_n but_o 6_o month_n 〈…〉_z be_v bury_v in_o that_o cathedral_n the_o grief_n of_o the_o navarrois_n be_v the_o more_o inconsolable_a for_o that_o there_o remain_v never_o a_o heir-male_n and_o the_o crown_n must_v of_o course_n fall_v to_o the_o female_a this_o wiâ—â—er_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o present_a year_n and_o beginning_n of_o that_o of_o our_o lord_n 1403_o the_o rain_n be_v so_o great_a in_o spain_n that_o most_o river_n overflow_v 1403._o do_v great_a harm_n particular_o guadalquivir_n swell_v above_o the_o waâ—â—s_n of_o sevil_n and_o flood_n come_v as_o far_o as_o the_o church_n of_o st._n michael_n alonso_z perez_n than_o governor_n by_o his_o industry_n prevent_v much_o mischief_n that_o may_v have_v be_v do_v the_o see_v of_o toledo_n be_v vacant_a since_o the_o death_n of_o the_o late_a archbishop_n d._n peter_n tâ—â—orio_n this_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o discord_n betwixt_o the_o pope_n for_o castille_n have_v
whether_o the_o change_n of_o air_n will_v remove_v a_o ague_n that_o consume_v he_o there_o he_o receive_v the_o answer_n from_o portugal_n and_o the_o queen_n of_o arragon_n who_o come_v to_o settle_v peace_n betwixt_o the_o prince_n of_o spain_n wherein_o she_o be_v not_o unsuccessful_a notwithstanding_o there_o happen_v a_o new_a cause_n of_o offence_n which_o be_v that_o prince_n henry_n be_v divorce_v from_o blanch_n his_o wife_n pretend_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o witchcraft_n he_o can_v not_o have_v to_o do_v with_o she_o whereas_o in_o truth_n his_o other_o debauchery_n make_v he_o unfit_a to_o have_v to_o do_v with_o a_o maid_n the_o divorce_n be_v first_o grant_v by_o luis_n de_fw-fr acuna_n administrator_n of_o the_o church_n of_o segovia_n for_o the_o cardinal_n d._n john_n de_fw-fr cervantes_n and_o afterward_o confirm_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n commission_v by_o pope_n nicholas_n but_o the_o world_n be_v surprise_v that_o after_o this_o divorce_n prince_n henry_n shall_v marry_v again_o on_o the_o 13_o of_o november_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n have_v a_o son_n bear_v at_o tordesillas_n call_v alonso_n who_o though_o short_a live_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o bloody_a war._n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o queen_n of_o arragon_n a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v set_v on_o foot_n betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n as_o also_o betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n and_o the_o prince_n his_o son_n and_o for_o the_o better_a carry_v of_o it_o on_o a_o truce_n be_v conclude_v for_o the_o follow_a year_n whilst_o these_o thing_n be_v in_o agitation_n the_o king_n die_v sickness_n increase_v to_o that_o degree_n that_o have_v receive_v the_o sacrament_n he_o die_v at_o valladolid_n on_o the_o 20_o of_o july_n 1454._o for_o the_o present_a he_o be_v deposit_v at_o st._n paul_n in_o valladolid_n and_o afterward_o as_o he_o have_v order_v translate_v to_o the_o carthusian_n at_o burgos_n build_v by_o his_o father_n 1454._o and_o give_v to_o that_o order_n by_o he_o his_o obsequy_n be_v perform_v in_o all_o city_n and_o even_o at_o naples_n where_o the_o vinetian_a ambassador_n appear_v among_o the_o mourner_n clothe_v in_o scarlet_n and_o crimson_n change_v their_o sorrow_n into_o laughter_n beside_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o mausoleum_n build_v of_o wood_n in_o the_o church_n be_v burn_v by_o the_o great_a number_n of_o light_n in_o his_o will_n the_o king_n leave_v the_o mastership_n of_o santiago_n and_o constableship_n of_o castille_n to_o his_o son_n prince_n alonso_n and_o appoint_v the_o bishop_n of_o cuenca_n the_o prior_n of_o guadalupe_n and_o john_n de_fw-fr padilla_n the_o lord_n chamberlain_n his_o tutor_n it_o be_v think_v if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v so_o young_a he_o will_v have_v appoint_v he_o his_o successor_n be_v high_o offend_v at_o prince_n henry_n to_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n he_o leave_v the_o town_n of_o cuenca_n and_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o the_o queen_n his_o wife_n soria_n arevalo_n and_o madrigal_n four_o day_n after_o the_o late_a king_n death_n prince_n henry_n be_v proclaim_v king_n immediate_o castille_n the_o earl_n or_o alva_n and_o trevino_n be_v release_v out_o of_o prison_n which_o make_v the_o joy_n at_o the_o coronation_n the_o more_o complete_a all_o the_o late_a king_n officer_n of_o the_o household_n be_v continue_v in_o their_o post_n last_o the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n begin_v by_o the_o queen_n of_o arragon_n be_v conclude_v upon_o these_o condition_n that_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n d._n alonso_n his_o son_n and_o henry_n son_n to_z prince_z henry_n of_o arragon_n renounce_v all_o their_o pretension_n to_o any_o estate_n or_o dignity_n in_o castille_n that_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n pay_v they_o yearly_o certain_a pension_n then_o agree_v upon_o that_o the_o admiral_n of_o castille_n his_o brother_n henry_n john_n de_fw-fr tovar_n lord_n of_o berlanga_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o 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agree_v to_o prolong_v the_o truce_n for_o a_o year_n long_o this_o do_v the_o queen_n of_o arragon_n return_v to_o her_o kingdom_n d._n john_n pacheco_n marquis_n of_o villena_n be_v now_o beyond_o dispute_n the_o most_o powerful_a nobleman_n in_o castille_n as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o his_o great_a riches_n as_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o new_a king_n he_o and_o d._n ferrer_n de_fw-fr lanuza_n and_o d._n john_n biamonte_n brother_n to_o the_o constable_n of_o navarre_n be_v commission_v by_o their_o master_n the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o navarre_n and_o charles_n prince_n of_o viana_n meet_v at_o agreda_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1455_o 1455._o to_o compose_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o navarre_n and_o his_o son_n but_o they_o have_v no_o success_n it_o be_v suppose_v d._n john_n pacheco_n underhand_o obstruct_v the_o peace_n of_o navarre_n fear_v it_o may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o lessen_v his_o authority_n only_o a_o truce_n be_v conclude_v to_o last_o till_o the_o end_n of_o april_n thus_o much_o of_o navarre_n in_o castille_n the_o hope_n the_o people_n have_v conceive_v that_o dispose_v the_o change_n of_o government_n will_v produce_v some_o good_a effect_n now_o vanish_v the_o new_a king_n be_v as_o much_o give_v to_o his_o ease_n as_o his_o father_n and_o in_o other_o respect_n be_v worse_a he_o have_v wit_n enough_o but_o no_o resolution_n be_v give_v up_o to_o lewdness_n and_o hate_a business_n d._n john_n pacheco_n govern_v with_o more_o moderation_n than_o d._n alvero_n de_fw-fr luna_n or_o at_o least_o be_v more_o fortunate_a for_o he_o hold_v it_o all_o his_o life_n time_n king_n henry_n have_v a_o great_a head_n a_o high_a forehead_n cloudy_a eye_n his_o nose_n fall_v not_o natural_o but_o by_o a_o accident_n his_o hair_n of_o a_o chestnut_n colour_n his_o complexion_n ruddy_a and_o swart_a all_o his_o face_n be_v disagreeable_a his_o body_n tall_a his_o leg_n long_o but_o his_o limb_n strong_a he_o love_v hunt_v and_o music_n and_o be_v not_o over_o curious_a in_o his_o dress_n he_o drink_v water_n eat_v much_o his_o manner_n and_o course_n of_o life_n be_v whole_o addict_v to_o debauchery_n and_o lewdness_n this_o weaken_a his_o body_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o disease_n as_o his_o mind_n be_v to_o inconstancy_n he_o be_v call_v the_o liberal_a and_o the_o impotent_a this_o last_o title_n from_o a_o defect_n in_o nature_n the_o other_o from_o his_o great_a profuseness_n in_o give_v he_o forget_v the_o favour_n he_o bestow_v but_o remember_v any_o service_n do_v he_o he_o be_v extreme_o courteous_a speak_v love_o to_o all_o man_n and_o be_v merciful_a to_o a_o fault_n this_o strange_a mixture_n of_o different_a quality_n be_v the_o cause_n there_o never_o be_v great_a trouble_n than_o in_o his_o time_n he_o reign_v 20_o year_n 4_o month_n and_o two_o day_n chap._n viii_o the_o great_a league_n make_v in_o italy_n the_o death_n of_o pope_n nicholas_n calixtus_n succeed_v he_o the_o war_n of_o granada_n king_n henry_n of_o castille_n marry_v joanna_n sister_n to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n earthquak_n in_o italy_n three_o year_n before_o this_o we_o write_v of_o there_o begin_v a_o bloody_a war_n in_o italy_n francis_n sforcia_n italy_n be_v possess_v of_o the_o duchy_n of_o milan_n demand_v of_o the_o venetian_n certain_a town_n belong_v to_o the_o duchy_n which_o they_o hold_v along_o the_o river_n abdua_n they_o refuse_v he_o resolve_v to_o use_v force_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n join_v in_o league_n with_o the_o florentine_n in_o revenge_v the_o venetian_n command_v all_o florentine_n to_o depart_v out_o of_o their_o territory_n and_o forbid_v all_o commerce_n with_o they_o beside_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o leonello_n marquis_n of_o ferrara_n they_o join_v in_o league_n with_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n william_n marquis_n of_o montferrat_n be_v send_v
in_o poverty_n yet_o wicked_o and_o hate_a by_o all_o men._n thus_o he_o soon_o endure_v the_o punishment_n of_o his_o short_a pleasure_n be_v severe_o chastise_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o god_n as_o he_o have_v well_o deserve_v the_o end_n of_o the_o two_o and_o twenty_o book_n the_o history_n of_o spain_n book_n xxiii_o chap._n i._n the_o council_n of_o mantua_n beginning_n of_o tumult_n in_o castille_n war_n at_o naples_n betwixt_o the_o arragonian_n and_o house_n of_o anjou_n scanderbag_n prince_n of_o epirus_n come_v to_o the_o assistance_n of_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o naples_n pope_n pius_n the_o second_o have_v appoint_v a_o general_n council_n to_o meet_v at_o mantua_n a_o great_a number_n of_o bishop_n from_o all_o part_n and_o ambassador_n of_o prince_n repair_v thither_o as_o mantua_n do_v the_o pope_n himself_o his_o only_a care_n be_v to_o stir_v up_o all_o christendom_n to_o unite_v its_o force_n against_o the_o common_a enemy_n david_n emperor_n of_o trebizonde_n a_o city_n in_o asia_n the_o lesser_a upon_o the_o euxine_a sea_n ussumcassanus_n king_n of_o armenia_n and_o george_n who_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o persia_n offer_v great_a number_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o a_o mighty_a fleet_n but_o there_o be_v little_a confidence_n to_o be_v repose_v in_o their_o promise_n the_o western_a country_n be_v so_o entangle_v with_o broil_n and_o confusion_n at_o home_n that_o little_o can_v be_v hope_v from_o they_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o difficulty_n the_o pope_n be_v not_o discourage_v but_o resolve_v to_o use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o promote_v the_o holy_a war_n and_o therefore_o in_o a_o full_a assembly_n of_o those_o that_o come_v to_o the_o council_n make_v a_o most_o learned_a speech_n lay_v before_o they_o how_o great_a a_o reproach_n to_o christianity_n the_o loss_n of_o the_o eastern_a empire_n have_v be_v and_o how_o much_o near_o since_o that_o time_n the_o danger_n threaten_v all_o the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o world_n he_o press_v for_o some_o prince_n to_o encourage_v that_o war_n by_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o be_v general_n and_o then_o offer_v to_o carry_v the_o cross_n before_o they_o himself_o his_o word_n move_v the_o auditory_a but_o the_o ambassador_n of_o prince_n waste_v the_o time_n in_o private_a controversy_n particular_o john_n duke_n of_o lorraine_n son_n to_o renee_n duke_n of_o anjou_n complain_v that_o the_o pope_n have_v give_v the_o investiture_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n to_o ferdinand_n his_o enemy_n thus_o nothing_o be_v do_v to_o any_o purpose_n only_o a_o verbal_a decree_n be_v make_v for_o carry_v on_o the_o war._n the_o pope_n publish_v a_o bull_n in_o which_o contrary_a to_o his_o own_o opinion_n at_o the_o council_n of_o basil_n he_o ordain_v that_o none_o shall_v appeal_v from_o the_o pope_n to_o a_o general_n council_n thus_o the_o council_n be_v dissolve_v the_o eight_o month_n after_o the_o open_n of_o it_o the_o aragonian_a ambassador_n after_o the_o council_n break_v up_o go_v away_o to_o naples_n to_o congratulate_v with_o the_o new_a king_n upon_o his_o accession_n to_o that_o crown_n inigo_n lopez_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n the_o ambassador_n of_o castille_n obtain_v of_o the_o pope_n a_o jubilee_n for_o all_o that_o give_v certain_a alm_n employ_v to_o build_v at_o tendilla_n a_o monastery_n of_o friar_n of_o st._n isidorus_n of_o the_o invocation_n of_o st._n ann._n mean_v while_o the_o city_n guadalajara_n be_v take_v from_o his_o brother_n james_n de_fw-fr mendoça_n he_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o it_o wrongful_o john_n fernandez_n galindo_n a_o famous_a officer_n surprise_v it_o with_o 600_o horse_n this_o the_o noble_n take_v for_o a_o new_a cause_n of_o discontent_n and_o combine_v against_o the_o king_n d._n â—â—ederick_a the_o admiral_n heighten_v their_o discontent_n he_o solicit_v his_o son-in-law_n the_o king_n of_o arragon_n to_o join_v with_o the_o seditious_a nobility_n and_o make_v war_n upon_o castille_n with_o he_o join_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n d._n peter_n giron_n master_n of_o calatrava_n and_o the_o family_n of_o manrique_n and_o mendoça_n their_o pretence_n be_v to_o reform_v the_o government_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr fonseca_n archbishop_n of_o sevil_n give_v the_o king_n a_o account_n of_o these_o practice_n as_o a_o reward_n for_o this_o good_a service_n the_o archbishopric_n of_o santiago_n vacant_a by_o the_o death_n of_o d._n roderick_n de_fw-fr luna_n be_v give_v to_o a_o kinsman_n of_o he_o call_v also_o alonso_n de_fw-fr fonseca_n who_o be_v dean_n of_o sevil._n d._n luis_n osorio_n have_v then_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o revenue_n of_o that_o church_n confide_v in_o the_o power_n of_o his_o father_n the_o earl_n of_o trastamara_n none_o but_o a_o person_n of_o great_a authority_n can_v reduce_v he_o and_o therefore_o the_o two_o archbishop_n change_v see_v by_o the_o king_n consent_n the_o church_n of_o pamplona_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o d._n martin_n de_fw-fr peralta_n be_v give_v to_o cardinal_n besarion_n a_o greek_a but_o very_o learned_a and_o of_o a_o godly_a life_n the_o trouble_n of_o naples_n be_v the_o chief_a thing_n that_o disturb_a pope_n pius_n otherwise_o whole_o anjou_n bend_v upon_o the_o holy_a war._n the_o war_n begin_v again_o to_o break_v out_o betwixt_o john_n the_o son_n of_o renee_n and_o the_o new_a king_n ferdinand_n most_o of_o the_o neapolitan_a nobility_n as_o give_v to_o change_n favour_v the_o house_n of_o anjou_n the_o first_o that_o appear_v in_o arm_n be_v anthony_n centellas_n marquis_n of_o croton_n who_o have_v get_v his_o liberty_n meditate_a revenge_n but_o the_o king_n be_v too_o quick_a and_o again_o lay_v he_o in_o prison_n martin_n marciano_n though_o marry_v to_o ellenor_n the_o king_n sister_n head_v the_o rebel_n many_o join_v with_o he_o among_o who_o the_o chief_a be_v the_o prince_n of_o taranto_n anthony_n cardora_n and_o john_n paul_n duke_n of_o sora._n francis_n sforcia_n duke_n of_o milan_n be_v at_o the_o council_n of_o mantua_n advise_v the_o pope_n to_o enter_v into_o league_n with_o king_n ferdinand_n for_o that_o the_o french_a be_v expel_v italy_n all_o difficulty_n that_o obstruct_v the_o war_n with_o the_o turk_n will_v be_v easy_o surmount_v the_o pope_n approve_v of_o this_o council_n but_o it_o be_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v put_v into_o execution_n for_o that_o king_n ferdinand_n be_v then_o besiege_v in_o barletta_n a_o city_n of_o apulia_n and_o know_v not_o well_o how_o to_o defend_v himself_o the_o pope_n will_v send_v he_o no_o relief_n because_o the_o enemy_n have_v secure_v all_o the_o avenue_n by_o land_n therefore_o he_o send_v to_o george_n scanderbag_n prince_n of_o epirus_n naples_n than_o a_o most_o renown_a general_n who_o understand_v the_o pope_n will_n send_v before_o coicus_n strosius_n with_o 500_o albanian_a horse_n and_o soon_o after_o gather_v a_o good_a fleet_n sail_v to_o ragusa_n and_o thence_o to_o barleta_n immediate_o upon_o his_o arrival_n the_o rebel_n raise_v the_o siege_n king_n ferdinand_n have_v join_v the_o succour_n send_v he_o by_o the_o pope_n and_o duke_n of_o milan_n overthrow_v his_o enemy_n in_o battle_n and_o soon_o recover_v the_o town_n that_o hold_v for_o they_o scanderbag_n have_v spend_v a_o year_n in_o this_o expedition_n return_v home_o well_o satisfy_v with_o the_o king_n who_o give_v he_o and_o his_o heir_n the_o city_n trani_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o st._n john_n and_o siponto_n after_o this_o he_o obtain_v several_a victory_n over_o the_o turk_n and_o die_v at_o the_o end_n of_o seven_o year_n leave_v a_o son_n call_v john_n under_o the_o care_n of_o the_o venetian_n nevertheless_o he_o order_v he_o till_o he_o can_v recover_v his_o principality_n to_o live_v at_o naples_n upon_o what_o estate_n that_o king_n have_v give_v he_o from_o he_o be_v descend_v the_o most_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o castriot_n marquess_n of_o civita_n de_fw-fr santangelo_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n in_o spain_n charles_n prince_n of_o viana_n have_v obtain_v pardon_v for_o himself_o and_o his_o follower_n and_o the_o promise_n of_o a_o competent_a revenue_n for_o his_o maintenance_n come_v from_o majorca_n to_o barcelona_n on_o the_o 22d_o of_o march_n 1460._o it_o be_v propose_v to_o marry_v he_o with_o catherine_n sister_n 1460._o to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n when_o the_o match_n be_v as_o good_a as_o conclude_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n take_v it_o off_o offer_v he_o his_o sister_n elizabeth_n with_o assurance_n of_o obtain_v what_o he_o desire_v of_o his_o father_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o castille_n hereupon_o prince_n charles_n no_o far_o think_v of_o the_o match_n with_o portugal_n and_o the_o princess_n catherine_n go_v into_o the_o monastery_n of_o she_o clare_n at_o lisbon_n where_o she_o end_v her_o day_n at_o such_o time_n as_o it_o be_v design_v to_o marry_v she_o to_o edward_n iv._o
from_o pope_n pius_fw-la ii_o but_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v false_a by_o the_o bull_n afterward_o grant_v upon_o that_o occasion_n by_o pope_n sixtus_n iv._o king_n ferdinand_n be_v but_o 16_o year_n of_o age_n but_o proper_a and_o strong_a the_o new_a marry_a couple_n send_v letter_n to_o the_o pope_n king_n henry_n and_o other_o prince_n and_o great_a man_n excuse_v their_o be_v so_o hasty_a in_o marry_v they_o be_v force_v to_o borrow_v money_n for_o their_o expense_n about_o the_o same_o time_n henry_n son_n to_z prince_z henry_n of_o arragon_n be_v by_o the_o king_n his_o uncle_n create_v duke_n of_o segorve_n and_o alonso_n the_o king_n bastard-son_n earl_n of_o ribagorça_n on_o the_o 6_o of_o december_n die_v at_o rome_n d._n john_n cavajal_n cardinal_n and_o bishop_n of_o plasencia_n he_o be_v auditor_n de_fw-mi rota_n legate_n to_o three_o pope_n and_o a_o man_n of_o a_o good_a life_n he_o build_v a_o bridge_n over_o tagus_n in_o estremadura_n which_o be_v still_o call_v the_o cardinal_n bridge_n whilst_o king_n henry_n be_v busy_a settle_v the_o affair_n of_o sevil_n advice_n be_v send_v he_o from_o cantillana_n by_o the_o master_n of_o santiago_n of_o his_o sister_n marriage_n his_o displeasure_n be_v very_o great_a immediate_o he_o set_v out_o for_o truxillo_n design_v to_o give_v that_o town_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o plasencia_n for_o his_o good_a service_n during_o the_o trouble_n the_o townsman_n resolve_v to_o oppose_v it_o and_o therefore_o the_o king_n rather_o than_o use_v violence_n give_v he_o in_o lieu_n of_o it_o the_o town_n of_o arevalo_n in_o old_a castille_n and_o because_o it_o be_v not_o worth_a so_o much_o as_o the_o other_o add_v to_o it_o the_o title_n of_o a_o duke_n at_o truxillo_n the_o master_n of_o alcantara_n who_o have_v side_v with_o prince_n alonso_n be_v pardon_v and_o the_o king_n give_v or_o restore_v the_o city_n coria_n to_o gutierre_n de_fw-fr caceres_n and_o solis_n his_o brother_n thus_o many_o who_o deserve_a punishment_n receive_v reward_n here_o letter_n be_v bring_v the_o king_n from_o his_o sister_n excuse_v her_o marry_n and_o promise_v she_o and_o her_o husband_n will_v be_v as_o dutiful_a as_o if_o they_o be_v his_o child_n if_o he_o will_v treat_v they_o with_o the_o affection_n of_o a_o father_n no_o other_o answer_n be_v return_v but_o that_o the_o king_n at_o segovia_n will_v consider_v of_o that_o affair_n another_o message_n be_v send_v to_o segovia_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1470_o to_o press_v the_o king_n to_o give_v 1470._o leave_n to_o the_o prince_n and_o princess_n that_o they_o may_v pay_v their_o respect_n to_o he_o promise_v their_o future_a behaviour_n shall_v make_v amends_o for_o the_o displeasure_n they_o have_v do_v he_o all_o the_o answer_n be_v a_o business_n of_o that_o importance_n require_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o nobility_n this_o be_v the_o pretence_n but_o in_o reality_n he_o be_v offend_v at_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n and_o have_v fix_v his_o affection_n on_o his_o daughter_n joanna_n who_o lewis_n king_n of_o france_n have_v send_v to_o demand_v in_o marriage_n for_o his_o brother_n charles_n create_v duke_n of_o guienne_n beside_o he_o press_v king_n henry_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o call_v a_o general_n council_n in_o opposition_n to_o pope_n paul_n with_o who_o he_o be_v at_o variance_n this_o request_n be_v flat_o deny_v by_o the_o king_n the_o business_n of_o the_o marriage_n be_v put_v off_o at_o the_o same_o time_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr aguilar_n at_o cordova_n apprehend_v the_o marshal_n d._n james_n de_fw-fr cordova_n who_o suspect_v no_o such_o design_n he_o be_v soon_o release_v by_o the_o king_n order_n but_o think_v he_o shall_v obtain_v no_o satisfaction_n for_o that_o wrong_n go_v away_o to_o granada_n and_o thence_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o moorish_a king_n send_v a_o challenge_n to_o his_o adversary_n to_o fight_v upon_o the_o plain_a of_o granada_n on_o the_o appoint_a day_n have_v wait_v till_o sunset_n and_o d._n alonso_z not_o appear_v he_o drag_v his_o effigy_n at_o his_o horse_n tail_n that_o do_v he_o send_v letter_n to_o all_o part_n with_o picture_n represent_v that_o passage_n the_o knight_n of_o alcantara_n will_v not_o submit_v to_o master_n their_o master_n and_o the_o dispute_n come_v to_o open_a hostility_n the_o master_n not_o be_v able_a alone_o to_o oppose_v so_o many_o beg_v assistance_n of_o his_o brother_n gutierre_n de_fw-fr solis_fw-la they_o want_v money_n and_o garci_n alvarez_n de_fw-fr toledo_n earl_n of_o alva_n lend_v they_o a_o sum_n upon_o the_o mortgage_n of_o the_o city_n coria_n thus_o the_o earl_n afterward_o duke_n of_o alva_n get_v that_o city_n which_o be_v confirm_v to_o they_o by_o grant_n of_o king_n remain_v in_o the_o family_n to_o this_o day_n nothing_o remarkable_a happen_v between_o the_o master_n and_o knight_n only_o they_o hinder_v his_o force_n pass_v the_o river_n tagus_n and_o soon_o after_o they_o be_v disperse_v the_o master_n be_v thus_o out_v his_o estate_n die_v some_o year_n after_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr zuniga_n son_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o arevalo_n succeed_v he_o and_o be_v the_o last_o master_n of_o alcantara_n he_o resign_v up_o that_o dignity_n to_o king_n ferdinand_n d._n john_n pacheco_n master_n of_o santiago_n lay_v sick_a at_o ocena_fw-la be_v great_a in_o the_o king_n favour_n than_o ever_o notwithstanding_o all_o his_o misdemeanour_n which_o occasion_v the_o people_n to_o say_v he_o have_v bewitch_v the_o king_n and_o it_o be_v give_v out_o the_o court_n remove_v to_o madrid_n only_o to_o be_v near_o he_o when_o he_o return_v to_o court_n after_o his_o sickness_n the_o king_n go_v out_o to_o meet_v he_o and_o give_v he_o the_o town_n of_o escalona_n the_o inhabitant_n whereof_o refuse_v to_o receive_v he_o the_o king_n go_v thither_o in_o person_n to_o deliver_v it_o to_o he_o the_o earl_n of_o armagnac_n flee_v into_o spain_n for_o fear_n of_o be_v kill_v because_o he_o private_o marry_v the_o earl_n of_o faux_n daughter_n without_o her_o father_n consent_n he_o be_v well_o receive_v by_o the_o king_n and_o soon_o after_o return_v into_o france_n the_o cardinal_n of_o albi_fw-la in_o that_o king_n name_n assure_v he_o his_o life_n but_o it_o prove_v fatal_a to_o he_o as_o will_v appear_v hereafter_o the_o biscayner_n who_o have_v be_v long_o divide_v into_o the_o faction_n of_o one_o and_o gamboas_n about_o this_o time_n fall_v biscay_n into_o great_a confusion_n peter_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr velasco_n earl_n of_o haro_n be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n to_o appease_v they_o which_o he_o soon_o do_v banish_v the_o two_o head_n of_o the_o faction_n call_v peter_n de_fw-fr avendano_n and_o john_n de_fw-fr moxica_fw-la pope_n paul_n ii_o grant_v a_o jubilee_n to_o all_o that_o give_v alm_n two_o three_o thereof_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o rebuild_v the_o church_n of_o segovia_n and_o the_o rest_n for_o his_o own_o use_n king_n henry_n go_v thither_o from_o madrid_n to_o gain_v this_o jubilee_n in_o portugal_n the_o duke_n of_o viseo_n die_v at_o setuva_n on_o the_o 8_o of_o september_n be_v 37_o year_n of_o age_n james_n his_o second_o son_n succeed_v he_o he_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o s._n francis_n in_o that_o city_n and_o thence_o translate_v to_o the_o church_n of_o the_o conception_n at_o beja_n which_o with_o the_o monastery_n of_o nun_n it_o belong_v to_o be_v build_v by_o his_o wife_n beatrix_n in_o valladolid_n the_o people_n mutinied_a and_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o those_o that_o be_v descend_v of_o jew_n though_o christian_n themselves_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o his_o queen_n can_v not_o quell_v they_o the_o party_n oppress_v implore_v the_o protection_n of_o king_n henry_n by_o which_o mean_v that_o city_n be_v reduce_v to_o his_o obedience_n the_o earl_n of_o benavente_n be_v leave_v to_o govern_v there_o and_o king_n ferdinand_z with_o his_o wife_n return_v to_o duenas_n there_o that_o queen_n be_v deliver_v of_o a_o daughter_n of_o her_o own_o name_n ambassador_n come_v from_o france_n to_o press_v the_o marriage_n before_o treat_v of_o and_o it_o be_v now_o agree_v to_o all_o thing_n be_v conclude_v the_o marquis_n of_o santillana_n bring_v the_o princess_n joanna_n for_o which_o service_n and_o for_o have_v keep_v she_o the_o king_n give_v he_o the_o town_n of_o alcoçer_n valdolivas_fw-la and_o salmeron_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n the_o countess_n of_o santistevan_n who_o in_o lieu_n of_o it_o have_v the_o town_n of_o requena_n with_o all_o the_o duty_n belong_v to_o it_o which_o be_v considerable_a because_o that_o place_n be_v near_o the_o frontier_n of_o valencia_n a_o monastery_n of_o carthusian_n call_v paular_a between_o segovia_n and_o buytrago_n be_v the_o place_n
month_n to_o appoint_v arbitrator_n who_o be_v to_o decide_v all_o controversy_n this_o much_o offend_v the_o lady_n navarre_n magdalen_n wife_n that_o be_v to_o the_o late_a gaston_n earl_n of_o faux_n fear_v it_o be_v a_o contrivance_n to_o exclude_v her_o child_n their_o father_n inheritance_n berengarius_fw-la de_fw-la sos_n dean_n of_o barcelona_n be_v send_v ambassador_n to_o appease_v that_o lady_n and_o advise_v she_o not_o to_o mistrust_v the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n nor_o join_v with_o france_n she_o be_v then_o at_o pau_n a_o town_n in_o bearne_v and_o answer_v she_o thank_v they_o and_o will_v always_o endeavour_v rather_o to_o promote_v peace_n than_o war._n on_o the_o 5_o of_o october_n the_o article_n of_o marriage_n betwixt_o ferdinand_n king_n of_o naples_n and_o joanna_n daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n be_v sign_v at_o tudela_n the_o lady_n be_v contract_v at_o cervera_n a_o town_n in_o catalonia_n and_o from_o thence_o forward_o she_o be_v call_v queen_n of_o naples_n beatrix_n daughter_n to_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n marry_v to_o mathias_n king_n of_o hungary_n she_o be_v a_o virtuous_a lady_n but_o barren_a and_o consequent_o have_v no_o issue_n by_o he_o nor_o by_o king_n ladislaus_n his_o sucessor_n who_o she_o afterward_o marry_v mean_o while_o the_o city_n toro_n in_o castille_n be_v surprise_v in_o the_o night_n by_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr fonseca_n bishop_n of_o avila_n and_o d._n frederic_n son_n to_o d._n roderick_n manrique_n earl_n of_o parade_n a_o shepherd_n call_v bartholomew_n show_v they_o how_o it_o may_v be_v scale_v on_o that_o side_n which_o be_v least_o regard_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o morass_n that_o lie_v before_o it_o have_v castilian_n enter_v the_o town_n they_o besiege_v the_o castle_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_z hear_v the_o news_n repair_v thither_o with_o speed_n from_o segovia_n where_o she_o have_v be_v appease_v the_o late_a tumult_n marry_o wife_n to_o john_n de_fw-fr ulloa_n surrender_v that_o fortress_n on_o the_o 19_o of_o october_n her_o son_n in_o law_n the_o earl_n of_o marialva_n who_o command_v in_o those_o part_n quit_v another_o fort_n call_v villalfonso_n near_o toro_n and_o retire_v into_o portugal_n there_o remain_v castronuno_n from_o which_o place_n peter_n de_fw-fr mendoza_n a_o able_a soldier_n do_v great_a harm_n to_o the_o neighbour_a country_n for_o this_o reason_n the_o king_n force_n after_o the_o take_n of_o toro_n lay_v siege_n to_o that_o place_n and_o plant_v their_o artillery_n which_o be_v carry_v thither_o with_o much_o labour_n great_a application_n be_v make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o reduce_v the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n and_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n the_o marquis_n seem_v most_o inclinable_a to_o submit_v but_o demand_v the_o restitution_n of_o villena_n and_o above_o 20_o town_n take_v from_o he_o in_o that_o neighbourhood_n the_o archbishop_n be_v more_o obstinate_a though_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n cease_v not_o to_o advise_v to_o compound_v with_o he_o at_o any_o rate_n but_o that_o business_n be_v not_o yet_o ripe_a they_o begin_v by_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr villena_n and_o promise_v to_o restore_v to_o he_o his_o whole_a estate_n provide_v he_o surrender_v the_o castle_n of_o madrid_n and_o truxillo_n which_o still_o hold_v for_o he_o the_o same_o offer_n be_v make_v to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n d._n lope_n de_fw-fr acuna_n his_o nephew_n deliver_v up_o the_o city_n huete_fw-fr which_o have_v be_v give_v he_o with_o the_o title_n of_o a_o duke_n in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o trouble_n by_o king_n henry_n at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v kill_v two_o powerful_a prince_n charles_n the_o bold_a duke_n of_o burgundy_n and_o galeazzo_n duke_n of_o milan_n murder_v in_o the_o church_n whilst_o he_o be_v at_o mass_n chap._n vi_o king_n ferdinand_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o mastership_n of_o santiago_n in_o trust_n which_o have_v ever_o since_o continue_v in_o the_o king_n be_v of_o spain_n war_n with_o the_o moor_n of_o andaluzia_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n after_o have_v abdicate_v his_o crown_n return_v home_o and_o be_v restore_v by_o his_o son_n queen_n elizabeth_n wise_o put_v a_o end_n to_o a_o debate_n that_o arise_v about_o the_o mastership_n of_o santiago_n d._n roderick_n manrique_n earl_n of_o paredes_n who_o call_v himself_o master_n of_o santiago_n and_o be_v famous_a for_o take_v the_o town_n of_o huescar_n from_o the_o moor_n die_v in_o november_n at_o vcles_n his_o son_n george_n manrique_n write_v a_o learned_a elegy_n upon_o his_o death_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr cardenas_n his_o competitor_n be_v dead_a resolve_v to_o go_v to_o vcle_n with_o arm_a man_n and_o force_v the_o elector_n to_o choose_v he_o many_o other_o great_a man_n aim_v at_o that_o dignity_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n consult_v at_o toro_n what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v in_o that_o case_n and_o resolve_v rather_o to_o make_v use_n of_o cunning_a than_o force_n the_o king_n stay_v at_o toro_n but_o the_o queen_n make_v such_o haste_n to_o vcles_n that_o as_o ferdinand_n deal_v pulgar_a write_v she_o come_v to_o that_o place_n in_o three_o day_n from_o valladolid_n she_o persuade_v the_o knight_n to_o go_v with_o she_o to_o ocana_n which_o be_v a_o big_a town_n and_o strong_a they_o may_v with_o more_o security_n proceed_v upon_o their_o election_n there_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr fonseca_n bishop_n of_o avila_n and_o her_o secretary_n ferdinand_n alvarez_n de_fw-fr toledo_n she_o prevail_v upon_o they_o that_o to_o avoid_v contention_n they_o shall_v for_o some_o time_n create_v king_n ferdinand_n her_o husband_n administrator_n of_o trust_n that_o dignity_n this_o be_v it_o that_o first_o weaken_v the_o power_n of_o that_o order_n and_o soon_o after_o those_o of_o calatrava_n and_o alcantara_n follow_v their_o example_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o long_o before_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n conser_v that_o honour_n upon_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr cardenas_n only_o oblige_v he_o to_o pay_v a_o certain_a pension_n towards_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n with_o the_o moor_n which_o high_o offend_v the_o other_o noble_n who_o think_v they_o have_v as_o well_o deserve_v as_o he_o king_n ferdinand_n have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o old_a castille_n and_o conclude_v a_o truce_n with_o the_o enemy_n go_v away_o to_o ocana_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1477._o then_o he_o again_o pardon_v and_o receive_v into_o his_o favour_n the_o earl_n of_o urena_n who_o now_o seem_v perfect_o reconcile_v from_o ocana_n he_o go_v with_o the_o queen_n to_o toledo_n where_o in_o pursuance_n of_o a_o vow_n make_v if_o they_o overcome_v the_o king_n of_o portugal_n she_o order_v to_o be_v build_v the_o famous_a monastery_n of_o franciscan_n still_o to_o be_v see_v in_o that_o city_n and_o call_v st._n juan_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la reyes_n thence_o they_o remove_v to_o madrid_n and_o there_o receive_v advice_n that_o the_o portuguese_n infest_a the_o country_n about_o badajor_n and_o cuidad_fw-es rodrigo_n d._n gomer_n de_fw-fr figueroa_n earl_n of_o feria_n be_v send_v before_o to_o oppose_v they_o and_o the_o queen_n follow_v soon_o after_o towards_o the_o frontier_n of_o portugal_n king_n ferdinand_n stay_v at_o madrid_n in_o hope_n to_o reduce_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n but_o he_o be_v so_o obstinate_a he_o will_v not_o see_v the_o king_n therefore_o on_o the_o 24_o of_o march_n the_o king_n set_v out_o for_o old_a castille_n to_o endeavour_v to_o pacify_v navarre_n which_o again_o labour_v under_o the_o former_a faction_n the_o agramonteses_n have_v take_v estela_n and_o the_o princess_n elinor_n labour_v to_o recover_v it_o with_o her_o own_o and_o the_o force_n of_o castille_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n be_v surprise_v with_o the_o news_n that_o albohacen_n king_n of_o granada_n notwithstanding_o the_o truce_n which_o have_v last_v several_a year_n have_v break_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o murcia_n with_o 4000_o horse_n and_o 30000_o foot_n this_o murcia_n attempt_n terrify_v the_o christian_n who_o be_v whole_o unprovided_a and_o the_o more_o for_o that_o on_o the_o 6_o of_o april_n he_o take_v a_o little_a town_n call_v ciesa_n by_o storm_n which_o he_o burn_v and_o put_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n beside_o he_o take_v a_o great_a booty_n of_o cattle_n and_o return_v home_o without_o any_o loss_n though_o peter_n faxardo_n lieuteannt_n of_o murcia_n endeavour_v to_o oppose_v he_o the_o harm_n do_v be_v not_o so_o great_a but_o that_o castille_n not_o be_v yet_o pacify_v there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o take_v revenge_n cantalapiedra_n and_o castronuno_n two_o castle_n that_o hold_v for_o the_o portuguese_n be_v again_o besiege_v and_o force_v to_o surrender_v the_o people_n be_v so_o incense_v against_o castronuno_n for_o the_o harm_n have_v be_v do_v
offender_n according_a to_o their_o crime_n certain_a wicked_a murderer_n under_o colour_n of_o stand_v up_o for_o their_o liberty_n attempt_v to_o murder_n he_o in_o his_o bed_n but_o not_o be_v able_a to_o force_v the_o iron_n bar_v of_o his_o window_n they_o stab_v he_o in_o the_o church_n before_o the_o high_a altar_n as_o he_o be_v at_o matin_n on_o the_o 14_o of_o september_n he_o die_v not_o till_o the_o night_n follow_v which_o time_n he_o spend_v in_o sing_v praise_n to_o almighty_a god_n his_o body_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o they_o murder_v he_o and_o soon_o after_o a_o lamp_n be_v hang_v over_o his_o grave_n a_o honour_n never_o allow_v to_o any_o but_o canonize_v saint_n charles_n v._o the_o emperor_n obtain_v of_o pope_n paul_n iii_o that_o his_o feast_n may_v be_v celebrate_v on_o the_o 15_o of_o september_n as_o be_v due_o now_o observe_v all_o his_o murderer_n die_v unfortunate_o within_o a_o year_n after_o this_o for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o inquisitor_n they_o be_v lodge_v in_o the_o castle_n call_v del_n aljaferia_n this_o in_o arragon_n in_o catalonia_n and_o particular_o the_o territory_n of_o ampurias_fw-la those_o vassal_n who_o be_v vulgar_o call_v pageses_n be_v oppress_v by_o their_o landlord_n and_o treat_v like_o slave_n those_o lord_n oblige_v they_o to_o pay_v the_o heavy_a imposition_n lay_v on_o they_o by_o the_o moor_n plead_v prescription_n to_o justify_v this_o proceed_v the_o history_n of_o catalonia_n do_v not_o mention_v what_o imposition_n these_o be_v they_o only_o say_v they_o be_v very_o heavy_a and_o that_o none_o be_v exempt_a from_o they_o but_o such_o as_o ransom_v themselves_o like_o slave_n this_o move_v the_o people_n often_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n to_o deliver_v themselves_o from_o that_o tyranny_n but_o the_o effort_n of_o the_o multitude_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v weak_a they_o have_v recourse_n to_o their_o king_n for_o redress_v and_o several_a of_o they_o order_v those_o 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renegado_n and_o 30000_o christian_a slave_n at_o present_v it_o be_v certain_a there_o be_v in_o that_o city_n 23_o parish_n and_o chapel_n of_o ease_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o tell_v the_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n and_o general_o people_n stretch_v in_o those_o case_n it_o be_v also_o certain_a that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o moorish_a king_n the_o revenue_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v 700000_o ducat_n a_o great_a sum_n for_o those_o time_n but_o credible_a because_o of_o the_o heavy_a tax_n all_o man_n pay_v the_o seven_o part_n of_o what_o they_o be_v worth_a if_o any_o moor_n die_v without_o child_n the_o king_n be_v his_o heir_n if_o he_o leave_v heir_n the_o king_n have_v as_o good_a a_o share_n as_o any_o of_o they_o this_o be_v the_o posture_n of_o granada_n at_o this_o time_n it_o be_v believe_v the_o siege_n will_v be_v tedious_a therefore_o the_o queen_n come_v to_o the_o camp_n with_o her_o child_n because_o king_n ferdinand_n resolve_v not_o to_o desist_v till_o he_o 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misfortune_n oblige_v they_o to_o offer_v a_o treaty_n bulcazin_n muley_n governor_n of_o the_o city_n come_v to_o the_o camp_n to_o capitulate_v the_o king_n appoint_v gonçalo_n fernandez_n de_fw-fr cordova_n afterward_o call_v the_o great_a captain_n and_o his_o secretary_n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr zafra_fw-mi to_o treat_v with_o he_o after_o some_o day_n debate_v at_o length_n they_o conclude_v on_o the_o follow_a article_n to_o which_o they_o swear_v on_o the_o 25_o of_o november_n that_o the_o moor_n within_o 60_o day_n deliver_v up_o to_o the_o king_n the_o two_o castle_n the_o tower_n and_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n that_o they_o do_v homage_n to_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o he_o that_o they_o set_v at_o liberty_n all_o christian_a slave_n without_o ransom_n that_o till_o these_o article_n be_v perform_v they_o deliver_v up_o 500_o son_n of_o the_o principal_a inhabitant_n as_o hostage_n that_o they_o be_v leave_v possess_v of_o their_o land_n 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the_o castle_n of_o moclin_n to_o be_v deliver_v up_o chap._n x._o a_o mighty_a mutiny_n raise_v in_o granada_n by_o a_o fanatic_a moor_n the_o city_n surrender_v to_o king_n ferdinand_n the_o character_n of_o king_n ferdinand_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_n their_o triumphal_a entry_n into_o granada_n and_o universal_a joy_n for_o their_o success_n the_o surrender_n of_o granada_n be_v agree_v upon_o in_o this_o manner_n all_o have_v like_a to_o have_v be_v break_v off_o again_o upon_o the_o follow_a occasion_n in_o all_o place_n the_o multitude_n but_o especial_o moor._n among_o the_o moor_n be_v faithless_a disloyal_a changeable_a inclinable_a to_o mutiny_n hate_v peace_n and_o quietness_n and_o upon_o any_o small_a motive_n run_v into_o sedition_n a_o certain_a moor_n who_o name_n be_v not_o yet_o know_v as_o if_o he_o be_v possess_v with_o some_o fury_n or_o quite_o distract_v with_o violent_a word_n cease_v not_o to_o persuade_v the_o people_n to_o take_v arms._n he_o preach_v and_o harangued_a the_o multitude_n at_o the_o corner_n of_o street_n and_o in_o the_o market_n with_o a_o loud_a voice_n and_o horrid_a countenance_n in_o this_o manner_n he_o stir_v up_o 20000_o man_n to_o take_v arm_n and_o run_v about_o like_o man_n out_o of_o their_o sense_n the_o cause_n of_o their_o discontent_n or_o what_o they_o aim_v at_o be_v unknown_a and_o therefore_o the_o remedy_n hard_a to_o be_v find_v boabdil_n call_v the_o little_a king_n fear_v they_o will_v offer_v violence_n to_o he_o keep_v close_o within_o the_o alhambra_n the_o multitude_n be_v furious_a at_o first_o but_o soon_o cool_a chief_o they_o who_o have_v no_o head_n and_o be_v consequent_o weak_a and_o know_v not_o their_o own_o mind_n therefore_o the_o next_o day_n the_o king_n go_v to_o the_o albaizin_n where_o the_o people_n be_v well_o affect_v towards_o he_o there_o he_o
majesty_n and_o join_v with_o the_o duke_n of_o najara_n and_o marguess_n de_fw-fr villena_n the_o head_n of_o the_o contrary_a faction_n at_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n lodging_n they_o agree_v that_o all_o debate_n arise_v shall_v be_v absolute_o decide_v by_o the_o archbishop_n and_o 6_o other_o choose_v out_o of_o both_o party_n and_o that_o their_o determination_n shall_v be_v bind_v thus_o on_o the_o first_o of_o october_n article_n of_o agreement_n be_v conclude_v upon_o among_o the_o noble_n and_o they_o all_o swear_v to_o stand_v by_o they_o and_o they_o to_o continue_v in_o force_n all_o the_o month_n of_o december_n among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o none_o shall_v presume_v to_o levy_v force_n that_o none_o shall_v infest_v or_o invade_v the_o land_n castle_n and_o town_n of_o another_o that_o none_o present_a shall_v seize_v upon_o the_o person_n of_o the_o queen_n who_o be_v of_o burgos_n or_o of_o prince_n ferdinand_n who_o be_v at_o simancas_n peter_n nunez_n de_fw-fr guzman_n his_o governor_n to_o prevent_v any_o surprise_n have_v recourse_n to_o the_o precedent_n and_o council_n of_o valladolid_n and_o they_o go_v to_o simancas_n and_o bring_v away_o the_o prince_n place_v he_o in_o safety_n in_o the_o college_n of_o s._n gregory_n build_v by_o d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr burgos_n bishop_n of_o palencia_n and_o give_v to_o the_o dominican_n the_o same_o day_n the_o nobility_n conclude_v their_o agreement_n at_o burgos_n the_o catholic_n king_n arrive_v at_o genoa_n his_o voyage_n be_v tedious_a contrary_a wind_n force_v he_o to_o touch_v at_o palamos_n and_o toulon_n and_o then_o to_o coast_n along_o by_o savona_n and_o genoa_n before_o he_o come_v to_o that_o city_n he_o be_v meet_v by_o the_o great_a captain_n with_o the_o galley_n of_o naples_n the_o king_n receive_v he_o with_o great_a affection_n be_v then_o convince_v of_o his_o fidelity_n notwithstanding_o all_o aspersion_n cast_v upon_o he_o and_o speak_v very_o much_o in_o his_o commendation_n both_o before_o he_o and_o in_o his_o absence_n most_o man_n but_o particular_o the_o italian_n can_v hardly_o be_v persuade_v that_o so_o wise_a a_o man_n as_o the_o great_a captain_n will_v put_v himself_o into_o italy_n the_o power_n of_o so_o jealous_a a_o king_n the_o city_n send_v the_o king_n many_o present_n though_o he_o will_v not_o land_n only_o advise_v they_o to_o preserve_v peace_n among_o themselves_o for_o he_o will_v be_v always_o ready_a to_o assist_v his_o brother_n the_o king_n of_o france_n this_o make_v they_o quiet_a for_o the_o present_a though_o soon_o after_o they_o oblige_v the_o king_n of_o france_n to_o come_v into_o italy_n to_o pacify_v they_o put_v to_o sea_n again_o from_o genoa_n contrary_a wind_n force_v he_o into_o portoso_n there_o on_o the_o 5_o of_o october_n he_o receive_v the_o news_n of_o the_o death_n of_o king_n philip._n the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n and_o other_o of_o his_o party_n desire_v he_o to_o return_v with_o all_o speeed_o to_o castille_n as_o do_v also_o d._n alvero_n osirio_n who_o be_v with_o he_o with_o the_o character_n of_o ambassador_n from_o king_n philip._n yet_o he_o resolve_v to_o prosecute_v his_o voyage_n he_o write_v to_o the_o prelate_n and_o nobility_n express_v his_o grief_n for_o the_o death_n of_o king_n philip_n and_o recommend_v to_o they_o to_o continue_v loyal_a to_o the_o queen_n promise_v to_o be_v with_o they_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o naples_n from_o portosi_n he_o go_v on_o to_o gaeta_n where_o at_o puzol_n he_o spend_v some_o day_n to_o give_v the_o neapolitan_n time_n to_o prepare_v for_o his_o reception_n for_o they_o have_v never_o believe_v he_o will_v come_v especial_o naples_n after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n philip._n from_o puzol_n he_o go_v to_o castel_n del_fw-it ovo_fw-la there_o on_o the_o first_o of_o november_n 20_o galley_n come_v out_o of_o the_o port_n and_o the_o king_n go_v aboard_o the_o admiral_n the_o cannon_n of_o the_o galley_n be_v fire_v first_o and_o then_o that_o of_o the_o castle_n and_o the_o ship_n in_o the_o harbour_n this_o do_v the_o galley_n lay_v along_o the_o side_n of_o the_o mole_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n land_v by_o a_o wooden_a bridge_n build_v for_o that_o purpose_n the_o great_a captain_n and_o all_o the_o nobility_n come_v out_o to_o meet_v they_o be_v come_v to_o the_o last_o arch_n of_o the_o bridge_n the_o great_a captain_n lead_v the_o queen_n there_o the_o king_n swear_v to_o preserve_v the_o privilege_n of_o that_o city_n after_o which_o they_o take_v horse_n under_o a_o canopy_n carry_v by_o the_o elect_v of_o the_o people_n fabricius_n colona_n carry_v the_o royal_a standard_n give_v he_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o with_o the_o honour_n of_o standard-bearer_n next_o he_o go_v the_o king_n at_o arm_n than_o the_o great_a captain_n and_o on_o his_o right-hand_a prosper_n colona_n after_o they_o the_o other_o nobility_n and_o ambassador_n but_o the_o pleasant_a sight_n of_o all_o be_v the_o prisoner_n then_o set_v at_o liberty_n next_o behind_o the_o canopy_n be_v the_o two_o cardinal_n of_o borgia_n and_o sorento_n in_o this_o manner_n they_o be_v conduct_v through_o the_o principal_a street_n and_o lane_n of_o gentleman_n and_o lady_n rich_o clad_v and_o great_a company_n of_o vocal_a and_o instrumental_a music_n be_v come_v to_o the_o great_a church_n they_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o clergy_n and_o religious_a order_n in_o procession_n at_o castelnovo_n where_o the_o cavalcade_n end_v they_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o two_o queen_n of_o naples_n and_o the_o queen_n of_o hungary_n nextday_o the_o king_n ride_v about_o the_o city_n accompany_v by_o the_o baron_n and_o to_o honour_v the_o great_a captain_n alight_v at_o his_o house_n he_o enter_v upon_o business_n and_o go_v about_o to_o restore_v ten_o baron_n who_o have_v forfeit_v their_o estate_n a_o parliament_n be_v hold_v where_o they_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o king_n to_o his_o daughter_n queen_n joanna_n and_o their_o heir_n without_o mention_v queen_n germana_n contrary_a to_o the_o agreement_n make_v with_o france_n the_o pretence_n be_v that_o she_o be_v indispose_v and_o have_v already_o be_v swear_v queen_n of_o naples_n at_o valladolid_n mean_a while_n castille_n be_v full_a of_o private_a dissension_n yet_o nothing_o break_v out_o in_o public_a the_o queen_n neither_o will_v nor_o can_v attend_v the_o government_n only_o such_o as_o will_v obey_v the_o order_n of_o the_o council_n some_o will_v have_v the_o cortes_n assemble_v to_o appoint_v governor_n this_o be_v chief_o urge_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n the_o constable_n and_o the_o admiral_n they_o can_v never_o persuade_v the_o queen_n to_o sign_v the_o writ_n and_o therefore_o the_o council_n issue_v they_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n though_o not_o at_o court_n then_o oppose_v it_o castille_n say_v only_o the_o king_n can_v assemble_v the_o cortes_n for_o this_o reason_n though_o some_o of_o the_o commons_o meet_v nothing_o be_v do_v all_o be_v in_o confusion_n the_o nobility_n at_o variance_n but_o yet_o the_o most_o agree_v that_o king_n ferdinand_n ought_v to_o govern_v the_o chief_a of_o these_o be_v the_o archbishop_n of_o toledo_n the_o constable_n the_o admiral_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o albuquerque_n and_o bejar_n some_o of_o these_o will_v not_o allow_v he_o to_o govern_v unless_o he_o be_v present_a other_o say_v he_o may_v though_o absent_a of_o these_o be_v the_o archbishop_n who_o solicit_v the_o king_n and_o queen_n to_o give_v he_o as_o ample_a commission_n as_o when_o he_o treat_v with_o king_n philip._n the_o duke_n of_o najara_n d._n alonso_n tellez_n brother_n to_o the_o marquis_n of_o villena_n and_o d._n john_n manuel_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o no_o account_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o queen_n no_o more_o than_o if_o she_o be_v dead_a by_o reason_n of_o her_o weakness_n and_o therefore_o her_o son_n charles_n ought_v to_o succeed_v but_o neither_o can_v they_o agree_v in_o this_o point_n for_o the_o duke_n will_v have_v he_o bring_v to_o spain_n that_o such_o as_o the_o kingdom_n make_v choice_n of_o may_v govern_v in_o his_o name_n d._n alonso_n say_v the_o protectorship_n belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n as_o grandfather_n by_o the_o father_n side_n this_o opinion_n prevail_v above_o the_o duke_n and_o the_o emperor_n be_v desirous_a to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n propose_v to_o come_v himself_o into_o spain_n some_o there_o be_v that_o will_v commit_v the_o government_n to_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n and_o marry_v prince_n ferdinand_n to_o his_o daughter_n elizabeth_n proclaim_v he_o king_n be_v utter_o averse_a to_o stranger_n other_o be_v for_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o king_n philip_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o viana_n and_o so_o put_v the_o kingdom_n under_o the_o king_n
vera_fw-la who_o have_v charge_n of_o the_o artillery_n d._n alonso_n de_fw-fr granada_n vanegas_n lord_n of_o campo_n tejar_n who_o command_v the_o force_n of_o andaluzia_n and_o colonel_n hierome_n vianelo_n account_v a_o able_a seaman_n count_n peter_n navarro_n be_v general_n and_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o gentleman_n volunteer_n the_o fleet_n consist_v of_o 10_o galley_n and_o 80_o other_o vessel_n meet_v at_o carthagena_n the_o last_o month._n before_o they_o set_v sail_n some_o dispute_n arise_v betwixt_o the_o cardinal_n and_o the_o earl_n on_o account_n that_o the_o former_a bestow_v some_o command_n on_o his_o servant_n which_o the_o other_o have_v before_o promise_v to_o other_o some_o person_n interpose_v the_o count_n swear_v to_o obey_v the_o cardinal_n in_o all_o thing_n on_o the_o 16_o of_o may_v they_o set_v sail_n from_o carthagena_n and_o the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o feast_n of_o the_o ascension_n enter_v the_o port_n of_o mazalquivir_n it_o be_v 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french_a artillery_n and_o then_o charge_v by_o the_o horse_n they_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v a_o great_a number_n be_v kill_v count_n petillano_n with_o a_o few_o escape_v bartholomew_n d'_fw-fr albiano_n and_o many_o more_o be_v take_v this_o victory_n call_v of_o giaradada_n be_v very_o famous_a and_o in_o memory_n of_o it_o the_o king_n cause_v a_o chapel_n to_o be_v build_v in_o that_o place_n call_v it_o s._n mary_n of_o victory_n immediate_o upon_o it_o the_o city_n of_o crema_fw-la cremona_n bergamo_n and_o bressa_n be_v surrender_v to_o the_o french_a which_o be_v all_o they_o pretend_v to_o according_a to_o the_o article_n of_o the_o league_n the_o pope_n force_n take_v solarolo_n frença_n arimino_fw-la ravena_n and_o servia_n which_o be_v all_o that_o belong_v to_o he_o the_o earl_n of_o ribagorça_n have_v gather_v his_o
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to_o summon_v this_o place_n and_o have_v receive_v a_o ill_a answer_n cause_v part_n of_o the_o cavally_o to_o dismount_v who_o assault_v the_o town_n and_o enter_v it_o put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n who_o have_v not_o time_n to_o fly_v to_o the_o castle_n and_o then_o plunder_v their_o house_n which_o afterward_o they_o set_v fire_n to_o as_o they_o do_v to_o all_o the_o village_n corn_n and_o tree_n about_o it_o d._n john_n resolve_v to_o make_v aronche_n his_o chief_a magazine_n and_o place_n of_o rendezvouz_n for_o the_o province_n of_o alentejo_n repair_v the_o wall_n and_o castle_n fortify_v the_o parish_n church_n raise_v 5_o bastion_n 4_o ravelin_n two_o great_a platform_n and_o a_o half_a moon_n make_v a_o diâ—â—h_n 40_o foot_n wide_a and_o 20_o in_o depth_n and_o a_o cover_a way_n to_o the_o ditch_n palizade_v this_o oblige_v the_o enemy_n to_o fortify_v and_o garrison_n several_a place_n as_o estremoz_fw-mi villaviciâ—sa_fw-mi alegrete_n and_o other_o the_o fortification_n be_v end_v and_o all_o the_o country_n ravage_v d._n john_n garrison_v the_o frontien_n town_n and_o put_v 1000_o foot_n and_o 400_o horse_n into_o aronche_n with_o provision_n for_o 6_o month_n and_o 11_o piece_n of_o cannon_n leave_v d._n ventura_n de_fw-fr tarragona_n governor_n which_o do_v he_o return_v to_o badajoz_n and_o put_v his_o army_n into_o quarter_n design_v to_o take_v the_o field_n again_o about_o the_o end_n of_o september_n as_o our_o army_n be_v march_v to_o quarter_n the_o earl_n of_o cantaneda_n the_o enemy_n general_n come_v out_o of_o estremoz_fw-mi with_o 1000_o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o aronche_n whence_o the_o cannon_n make_v he_o remove_v have_v kill_v 18_o of_o his_o horse_n and_o the_o chief_a engineer_n of_o portugal_n d._n john_n hear_v of_o this_o their_o motion_n march_v