d._n 1066_o be_v martyr_v by_o the_o wendish_n apostate_n in_o these_o part_n after_o his_o cruel_a and_o inhuman_a death_n for_o his_o murderer_n be_v report_v to_o have_v cut_v of_o his_o hand_n and_o foot_n and_o in_o that_o miserable_a condition_n to_o have_v leave_v he_o alive_a for_o some_o day_n the_o seat_n be_v vacant_a for_o 83_o or_o 84_o year_n until_o eberhard_n be_v send_v hither_o by_o the_o emperor_n conrade_n iii_n in_o the_o year_n 1260._o this_o man_n successor_n bruno_n berno_n or_o benno_n be_v remove_v from_o mecklenburg_n to_o swerin_n when_o henry_n the_o lion_n by_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n the_o first_o have_v build_v a_o new_a cathedral_n and_o endow_v it_o with_o considerable_a revenue_n some_o of_o the_o mecklenburgish_a historian_n report_v that_o much_o about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o foundation_n of_o this_o new_a cathedral_n the_o say_a duke_n henry_n cause_v the_o infidel_n mecklenburger_n to_o be_v drive_v by_o thousand_o into_o the_o swerin-sea_n at_o a_o place_n not_o far_o from_o fichel_n which_o from_o so_o remarkable_a a_o passage_n to_o this_o day_n retain_v the_o name_n of_o die_n dope_n or_o the_o font_n where_o they_o be_v all_o baptize_v by_o bishop_n benno_n from_o this_o benno_n there_o continue_v a_o uninterrupted_a succession_n of_o bishop_n of_o swerin_n who_o nevertheless_o keep_v their_o usual_a residence_n at_o butzow_n a_o fort_n and_o considerable_a town_n not_o far_o from_o gustrow_n until_o in_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n the_o bishopric_n be_v convert_v into_o a_o temporal_a principality_n and_o give_v up_o to_o adolph_n frideric_n duke_n of_o mecklenburg_n as_o before_o have_v be_v say_v in_o this_o city_n be_v keep_v the_o residence_n of_o christian-lewis_n duke_n of_o mecklenburg_n swerin_n who_o be_v bear_v the_o first_o of_o december_n 1623._o and_o by_o be_v educate_v in_o france_n and_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o romanist_n be_v bring_v up_o in_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n which_o he_o still_o profess_v he_o marry_v at_o first_o his_o cousin_n german_n christina-margaret_n daughter_n of_o john_n albert_n duke_n of_o mecklenburg_n and_o widow_n of_o francis_n albert_n duke_n of_o saxen-lawenburg_a but_o have_v upon_o some_o discontent_n get_v himself_o divorce_v from_o she_o he_o be_v the_o second_o time_n marry_v in_o france_n a._n d._n 1653_o to_o elizabeth_n de_fw-fr montmorency_n widow_n of_o gaspard_n de_fw-fr coligny_n duke_n of_o chastillon_n and_o sister_n to_o francis-henry_n de_fw-fr montmorency_n duke_n of_o luxemburg_n piney_n v._o gustrow_n a_o well_o fortify_v town_n gustrow_n gustrow_n about_o eighteen_o or_o twenty_o english_a mile_n distant_a from_o rostock_n but_o remarkable_a for_o little_a or_o nothing_o save_o the_o residence_n of_o gustave-adolph_n duke_n of_o mecklenburg-gustrow_a only_a son_n of_o john_n albert_n duke_n of_o mecklenburg_n and_o eleonor-mary_n princess_n of_o anhalt_n he_o be_v bear_v the_o six_o and_o twenty_o of_o february_n a._n d._n 1633_o and_o breed_v up_o a_o lutheran_n of_o which_o persuasion_n he_o still_o continue_v a_o zealous_a assertor_n be_v a_o prince_n of_o as_o great_a learning_n as_o gallantry_n and_o equal_o able_a to_o maintain_v his_o religion_n in_o the_o school_n and_o field_n the_o dukedom_n of_o pomeren_n it_o matter_n not_o much_o whether_o we_o fetch_v the_o word_n pomeren_fw-mi out_o of_o the_o high-dutch_a or_o slavonian_a language_n since_o pomeer_n in_o the_o former_a signify_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o pomercze_v in_o the_o latter_a i._n e._n a_o country_n situate_a upon_o the_o seashore_n such_o as_o the_o dukedom_n of_o pomeren_n be_v know_v to_o be_v that_o the_o slavonian_a tongue_n be_v once_o common_o speak_v in_o this_o country_n appear_v from_o the_o termination_n of_o several_a name_n of_o great_a town_n in_o this_o dukedom_n as_o bugslaw_n wratislaw_n witslaw_n etc._n etc._n and_o historian_n will_v inform_v we_o that_o the_o whole_a land_n be_v many_o year_n subject_a to_o the_o prince_n of_o poland_n and_o first_o annex_v to_o the_o empire_n of_o germany_n by_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n barbarossa_n the_o whole_a tract_n of_o land_n which_o be_v ancient_o comprise_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o pomeren_n or_o pomerland_n be_v of_o a_o much_o large_a extent_n than_o the_o present_a dukedom_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d take_v in_o eastward_o all_o casubia_n and_o pomerellia_n but_o afterward_o this_o vast_a country_n be_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o back-pomerland_n for_o by_o this_o name_n it_o be_v ancient_o distinguish_v from_o the_o present_a dukedom_n of_o pomeren_n which_o in_o those_o day_n be_v call_v fore-pomerland_n be_v give_v up_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o poland_n in_o who_o possession_n it_o have_v ever_o since_o continue_v towards_o the_o south_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n be_v former_o subject_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o pomeren_n for_o first_o in_o the_o vcker_n marck_n not_o only_o prentzlow_v angermund_n aderberg_n schweet_a and_o vierraden_n but_o also_o stargard_n and_o friedland_n be_v both_o subject_n to_o that_o duke_n until_o the_o whole_a vcker-marck_n be_v give_v to_o john_n i_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n by_o barminus_n i_o duke_n of_o pomeren_n for_o a_o portion_n with_o his_o daughter_n and_o though_o prentzlow_v with_o the_o adjoin_a territory_n be_v afterward_o wrest_v out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o brandenburger_n yet_o they_o can_v not_o long_o keep_v their_o hold_n but_o be_v force_v to_o resign_v back_o their_o conquest_n the_o mecklenburger_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o friedland_n and_o have_v once_o take_v possession_n can_v never_o be_v beat_v out_o again_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o other_o the_o great_a share_n of_o the_o new-marck_n be_v under_o the_o duke_n of_o pomeren_n dominion_n as_o part_v of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o stetin_n westward_o pomeren_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o warna_n and_o rostock_n be_v almost_o the_o outmost_a bound_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o mecklenburg_n last_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o pomeren_n reach_v much_o far_o northwards_o into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n which_o by_o degree_n swallow_v up_o a_o good_a part_n of_o their_o dominion_n the_o isle_n of_o rugen_n as_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o show_v anon_o be_v think_v to_o be_v scarce_o half_a so_o large_a as_o it_o be_v former_o and_o some_o whole_a island_n in_o the_o baltic_a be_v at_o this_o day_n cover_v with_o the_o wave_n which_o ancient_a historian_n mention_v as_o habitable_a country_n so_o that_o pomeren_n though_o at_o this_o day_n only_o a_o small_a dukedom_n nay_o indeed_o no_o more_o than_o a_o inconsiderable_a part_n of_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n yet_o may_v ancient_o have_v pass_v for_o a_o kingdom_n and_o its_o duke_n have_v vied_z territory_n with_o most_o of_o the_o great_a monarch_n of_o europe_n at_o present_v the_o country_n which_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o pomeren_n be_v a_o long_a and_o narrow_a tract_n of_o land_n division_n division_n extend_v itself_o from_o east_n to_o west_n along_o the_o baltic_a shore_n which_o be_v usual_o divide_v into_o the_o province_n of_o stetin_n and_o wolgast_n and_o the_o bishopric_n of_o cosslin_n in_o the_o province_n of_o stetin_n be_v reckon_v the_o city_n of_o old_a stetin_n stargard_n stolpe_n greiffenberg_n treptow_n upon_o the_o rega_n rugenwald_n pyritz_n schlawe_n golnow_v gartz_n wollin_n camin_n belgarten_n new_a stetin_n sam_n zanew_v and_o pohlitz_n together_o with_o the_o fort_n of_o sazigk_n zachan_n jacobshagen_a fridrichwald_n etc._n etc._n to_o which_o be_v fomer_o add_v the_o lordship_n of_o lavenburg_n and_o butou_n both_o which_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o bugislaus_fw-la the_o last_o duke_n of_o pomeren_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n the_o province_n of_o wolgast_n contain_v in_o it_o the_o city_n of_o stralsund_n gripswald_n anklam_n demin_n pasewalk_n greiffenhagen_n wolgast_n barth_n trubsees_n grimmon_n damgarten_n vckermund_n loytz_n gutzkow_n franckenburg_n richtenberg_n lassen_n and_o new_a warp_n with_o the_o fort_n of_o weissen_n klempenau_n lindenberg_n and_o torgelou_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o same_o province_n be_v usual_o comprise_v the_o isle_n of_o rugen_n vsedom_n and_o some_o other_o upon_o these_o coast_n there_o be_v every_o where_o almost_o large_a and_o navigable_a river_n in_o pomeren_n lake_n river_n and_o lake_n by_o the_o advantage_n of_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v not_o only_o enable_v to_o export_v the_o commodity_n of_o their_o own_o country_n and_o furnish_v themselves_o with_o the_o fruit_n and_o good_a thing_n of_o their_o neighbour_n but_o also_o have_v a_o great_a convenience_n of_o fortify_v their_o city_n and_o secure_v they_o against_o the_o incursion_n of_o any_o foreign_a enemy_n such_o as_o these_o be_v 1._o the_o rekenitz_n which_o separate_v this_o country_n from_o the_o dukedom_n of_o mecklenburg_n make_v a_o kind_n
alphabet_n make_v use_n of_o in_o write_v out_o the_o bible_n by_o he_o translate_v into_o his_o own_o mother-tongue_n what_o become_v of_o this_o translation_n i_o know_v not_o except_o as_o some_o late_a antiquary_n have_v venture_v to_o say_v the_o ancient_a moscovian_a bible_n print_v in_o the_o year_n 1581._o be_v a_o transcript_n of_o it_o in_o the_o year_n 1346_o the_o bishopric_n of_o olmutz_n be_v remove_v from_o under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o mentz_n and_o subject_v to_o the_o new_a archbishop_n of_o prague_n though_o some_o of_o the_o late_a bishop_n of_o olmutz_n have_v deny_v to_o pay_v homage_n to_o any_o prelate_n under_o the_o pope_n 2._o brinn_n call_v in_o the_o bohemian_a language_n brno_n and_o by_o latin_a writer_n bruna_n brinn_n brinn_n be_v the_o second_o city_n in_o moravia_n and_o a_o town_n of_o so_o great_a repute_n that_o it_o seem_v to_o share_v with_o olmitz_n in_o the_o title_n of_o metropolis_n since_o in_o these_o two_o city_n by_o turn_n the_o chief_a court_n of_o judicature_n or_o assize_n for_o the_o whole_a marquisate_n be_v hold_v it_o be_v seat_v at_o the_o confluence_n of_o two_o small_a river_n schwarta_n and_o zwitta_n and_o defend_v by_o the_o spilberg_n a_o strong_a castle_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o adjoin_a hill_n the_n moravian_n philosopher_n make_v a_o great_a noise_n with_o the_o vnicornu_a minerale_fw-mi which_o among_o the_o other_o fossilia_fw-la of_o their_o country_n be_v say_v to_o be_v find_v near_o this_o city_n of_o which_o osv_n grollius_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v de_fw-la signaturis_fw-la give_v this_o account_n vnicornu_a minerale_fw-mi nobis_fw-la quoque_fw-la deus_fw-la largitus_fw-la est_fw-la in_o moravia_n tribus_fw-la milliaribus_fw-la bruna_n ubi_fw-la eram_fw-la ante_fw-la medice_fw-la non_fw-la long_a a_o territorio_fw-la abbatis_fw-la zabrdovicensis_fw-la sub_fw-la altissima_fw-la rupe_n duorum_fw-la inusitatae_fw-la magnitudinis_fw-la animalium_fw-la incognitorum_fw-la ossa_fw-la una_fw-la cum_fw-la duobus_fw-la junioribus_fw-la efossa_fw-mi sunt_fw-la quae_fw-la absque_fw-la dubio_fw-la tempore_fw-la diluvii_fw-la aquarum_fw-la impetu_fw-la perierunt_fw-la in_o illa_fw-la solitudine_fw-la etc._n etc._n another_o author_n of_o the_o same_o tribe_n anselm_n boetius_fw-la de_fw-fr boodt_n physician_n to_o the_o emperor_n rudolf_n ii_o give_v a_o far_o different_a account_n of_o it_o cornu_fw-la fossil_n say_v he_o prope_fw-la brunam_fw-la moraviae_n urbem_fw-la inventum_fw-la ita_fw-la exact_v figuram_fw-la trunci_fw-la juglandis_fw-la intrinsecus_fw-la &_o extrinsecus_fw-la refert_fw-la ut_fw-la nemo_fw-la nisi_fw-la caecus_n negare_fw-la possit_fw-la truncum_fw-la illius_fw-la arboris_fw-la fuisse_fw-la ac_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la transmutationem_fw-la accepisse_fw-la hertod_n in_o his_o ingenious_a book_n beforementioned_a say_v there_o have_v be_v several_a fragment_n of_o this_o mineral_n find_v in_o the_o quarry_n near_o niclsburg_n one_o whereof_o exact_o resemble_v a_o man_n thigh_n i_o know_v not_o what_o more_o to_o make_v of_o all_o these_o relation_n then_o that_o there_o be_v now_o and_o then_o in_o the_o field_n near_o brinn_n find_v several_a rare_a petrification_n for_o that_o i_o think_v be_v as_o fit_v a_o name_n for_o they_o as_o vnicornu_a fossil_n represent_v the_o part_n of_o certain_a animal_n and_o plant_n which_o be_v no_o great_a miracle_n than_o may_v be_v daily_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o field_n here_o about_o oxford_n as_o may_v be_v see_v at_o large_a in_o the_o learned_a account_n give_v of_o such_o rarity_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o this_o county_n 3._o iglaw_n call_v by_o the_o bohemian_o gihlawa_n iglaw_n iglaw_n seat_v on_o the_o border_n of_o bohemia_n upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v build_v in_o the_o year_n 799_o and_o to_o have_v have_v its_o name_n from_o a_o urchin_n or_o hedgehog_n which_o in_o the_o german_a language_n be_v call_v igle_n but_o by_o the_o moravian_o gehlak_n because_o that_o upon_o the_o lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o this_o city_n a_o great_a company_n of_o these_o kind_n of_o creature_n be_v find_v among_o the_o shrub_n and_o thicket_n which_o grow_v in_o this_o place_n the_o town_n be_v large_a well_o build_v and_o strong_o fortify_v it_o be_v a_o great_a thorow-fair_a frequent_v by_o multitude_n of_o traveller_n that_o pass_v this_o way_n out_o of_o bohemia_n towards_o hungary_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n the_o citizen_n as_o be_v daily_o accustom_a to_o converse_v with_o stranger_n be_v more_o oblige_v in_o their_o carriage_n then_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o countryman_n in_o the_o hussites-war_n this_o city_n steadfast_o oppose_v the_o introduce_v of_o the_o reform_a religion_n and_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o resolute_a obstinacy_n and_o malepert_a zeal_n maintain_v the_o superstitious_a discipline_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o luther_n doctrine_n begin_v to_o peep_v abroad_o in_o the_o world_n the_o heat_n be_v over_o with_o they_o and_o the_o citizen_n of_o iglaw_n of_o all_o the_o city_n of_o moravia_n subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n be_v the_o first_o who_o embrace_v the_o augsburg_n confession_n and_o turn_v rebel_n as_o themselves_o before_o have_v term_v other_o protestant_n to_o the_o pope_n interest_n in_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n of_o germany_n immediate_o after_o the_o imperial_a force_n be_v rout_v at_o jankow_n in_o the_o year_n 1645_o this_o town_n be_v give_v up_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o then_o triumphant_a swede_n who_o to_o make_v the_o city_n more_o tenable_a burn_v down_o the_o large_a suburb_n on_o every_o side_n and_o have_v so_o do_v defend_v the_o town_n with_o so_o much_o gallantry_n and_o manhood_n that_o all_o the_o force_n the_o emperor_n can_v bring_v against_o it_o be_v beat_v off_o for_o a_o twelvemonth_n after_o the_o jesuit_n college_n with_o the_o gymnasium_n annex_v found_v by_o adolph_n michael_n earl_n of_o altham_n be_v a_o great_a ornament_n to_o the_o town_n and_o the_o two_o monastery_n of_o dominican_n and_o franciscan_n be_v well_o worth_a the_o see_v the_o chief_a trade_n of_o the_o town_n beside_o the_o entertainment_n of_o passenger_n which_o bring_v in_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o riches_n be_v in_o sell_v beer_n and_o a_o sort_n of_o course_n woollen_a cloth_n which_o be_v make_v and_o dress_v after_o their_o fashion_n 4._o znaim_n znaim_n znaim_n in_o the_o bohemian_a language_n znoymo_n and_o in_o latin_a writer_n znogma_n stand_v on_o the_o teya_n in_o a_o pleasant_a soil_n and_o wholesome_a air_n the_o learned_a cluverius_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o place_n be_v the_o same_o with_o ptolomy_n medoslanium_n but_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o his_o latitude_n will_v agree_v at_o all_o to_o znaim_n though_o his_o longitude_n come_v near_o it_o the_o annal_n of_o moravia_n tell_v we_o this_o city_n be_v first_o build_v in_o the_o place_n where_o it_o now_o stand_v by_o primislaus_n ottacar_n about_o the_o year_n 1222_o have_v before_o that_o time_n lie_v bury_v in_o its_o ash_n from_o the_o year_n 1145_o when_o vladislaus_n king_n of_o bohemia_n upon_o a_o provocation_n give_v he_o by_o his_o kinsman_n cunrad_n marquis_n of_o moravia_n whole_o destroy_v it_o and_o its_o inhabitant_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n the_o town_n be_v defend_v by_o a_o castle_n sufficient_o fortify_v both_o by_o nature_n and_o art_n but_o in_o great_a danger_n of_o be_v damage_v in_o time_n of_o siege_n from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o peldtenberg_n a_o adjacent_a mountain_n which_o overlook_v it_o and_o stand_v within_o canon-shot_a of_o it_o it_o lie_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o austria_n and_o therefore_o be_v sure_a to_o be_v the_o first_o place_n attack_v by_o the_o imperial_a force_n in_o case_n of_o any_o rebellious_a uproar_n in_o either_o bohemia_n or_o moravia_n as_o it_o have_v often_o already_o find_v by_o woeful_a experience_n there_o be_v a_o great_a many_o vineyard_n round_o the_o city_n which_o yield_v common_o good_a store_n of_o a_o indifferent_o palatable_a wine_n but_o the_o chief_a income_n of_o the_o citizen_n arise_v from_o the_o harbour_v of_o passenger_n which_o travel_v this_o road_n betwixt_o vienna_n and_o prague_n 5._o cremsir_fw-fr cremsir_fw-fr cremsir_fw-fr or_o kremsier_n call_v by_o the_o bohemian_o kromeritz_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n morawa_n about_o the_o middle_a way_n betwixt_o olmitz_n and_o hradisch_n be_v not_o many_o age_n ago_o a_o poor_a village_n but_o be_v now_o become_v one_o of_o the_o fair_a city_n in_o moravia_n the_o occasion_n of_o which_o alteration_n be_v this_o john_n bishop_n of_o olmitz_n buy_v the_o lordship_n of_o this_o village_n for_o himself_o and_o his_o successor_n of_o otto_n marquis_n of_o moravia_n after_o his_o death_n bruno_n bishop_n of_o the_o same_o diocese_n observe_v the_o convenient_a and_o pleasant_a situation_n of_o the_o place_n build_v in_o it_o a_o fair_a palace_n call_v to_o this_o day_n from_o its_o first_o founder_n name_n
about_o three_o english_a mile_n contain_v not_o above_o six_o thousand_o inhabitant_n and_o encompass_v with_o a_o silly_a trench_n of_o twenty-five_o foot_n broad_a the_o roman_a communion_n have_v four_o church_n the_o greek_a ten_o which_o they_o call_v cerkuil_n and_o a_o kind_n of_o university_n call_v bracha_n cerkuil_n it_o have_v a_o reasonable_a trade_n for_o corn_n fur_n wax_n honey_n tallow_n and_o saltfish_n they_o have_v four_o jurisdiction_n that_o of_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o palatine_a or_o starost_n of_o the_o wovit_n and_o of_o the_o consul_n of_o the_o city_n half_n a_o league_n below_o kiow_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o be_v a_o large_a village_n call_v piecharre_o where_o be_v a_o noble_a monastery_n the_o habitation_n of_o the_o metropolitan_a or_o patriarch_n and_o under_o the_o mountain_n close_o by_o it_o be_v divers_a grot_n dug_n like_o mine_n wherein_o be_v conserve_v many_o body_n bury_v very_o many_o year_n ago_o among_o other_o there_o be_v say_v beauplan_n three_o 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at_o romanow_n but_o chief_o samar_n which_o supply_v not_o only_o much_o fish_n but_o other_o commodity_n as_o honey_n wax_n venison_n and_o especial_o timber_n the_o cosack_n call_v it_o the_o holy_a river_n and_o in_o the_o spring_n here_o be_v say_v to_o be_v catch_v sturgeon_n and_o herring_n a_o little_a below_o that_o the_o polonian_n build_v a_o fort_n in_o the_o year_n 1635_o at_o kudac_n which_o be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o porohi_n porovi_fw-la or_o porohi_n call_v ancient_o catadupae_n porouhi_fw-la porouhi_fw-la in_o the_o russ-language_n signify_v a_o rock_n of_o stone_n and_o of_o these_o there_o be_v thirteen_o chain_n or_o as_o it_o be_v causey_n that_o across_o the_o boristhenes_n and_o render_v the_o navigation_n from_o the_o vkrain_n to_o the_o black_a sea_n impossible_a so_o that_o though_o the_o vkrain_n be_v a_o very_a fruitful_a country_n in_o corn_n and_o all_o other_o commodity_n yet_o the_o inhabitant_n not_o be_v able_a to_o vend_fw-mi they_o suffer_v much_o of_o it_o to_o lie_v unhusband_v or_o at_o least_o not_o so_o well_o as_o it_o may_v be_v of_o these_o rock_n some_o be_v under_o some_o above_o water_n ten_o foot_n as_o big_a as_o house_n and_o very_o near_o to_o one_o another_o so_o that_o stop_v the_o course_n of_o the_o river_n they_o make_v very_o great_a fall_n some_o to_o fifteen_o foot_n when_o the_o water_n be_v low_a for_o in_o the_o spring_n when_o the_o river_n be_v swell_v with_o the_o melt_a snow_n they_o be_v all_o except_o the_o seven_o call_v nienashte_n which_o only_o there_o hinder_v navigation_n cover_v with_o water_n betwixt_o budelou_n and_o tawolzany_n which_o be_v the_o ten_o and_o eleven_o the_o tartar_n do_v often_o swim_v the_o river_n the_o bank_n be_v shallow_a a_o little_a below_o the_o low_a porouhi_n be_v a_o island_n they_o call_v kaczawanicze_v or_o boil-millet_a because_o here_o they_o make_v good_a cheer_n when_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o porouhi_n below_o that_o be_v a_o river_n a_o promontory_n and_o the_o best_a passage_n for_o the_o tartar_n the_o river_n not_o be_v above_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o pace_n broad_a call_v kuczkosow_n below_o that_o be_v the_o isle_n tomahowka_n whither_o the_o cosack_v often_o resort_v and_o rendezvous_n but_o their_o chief_a retreat_n be_v below_o the_o river_n czertomelik_a upon_o a_o island_n where_o be_v some_o old_a ruin_n but_o which_o be_v compass_v about_o with_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o small_a island_n some_o dry_a some_o overflow_v in_o the_o spring_n some_o marsh_n but_o all_o cover_v with_o cane_n as_o big_a as_o pike_n which_o hide_v the_o passage_n between_o the_o island_n and_o render_v it_o all_o a_o great_a labyrinth_n know_v only_o to_o the_o cosack_n who_o call_v it_o scarbniza_n woyskowa_n or_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o army_n here_o they_o lie_v up_o all_o their_o ordnance_n their_o money_n and_o whatever_o will_v not_o spoil_v by_o the_o water_n the_o turk_n have_v lose_v many_o galley_n so_o engage_v among_o these_o isle_n that_o they_o can_v neither_o go_v backward_o nor_o forward_a and_o be_v seize_v by_o the_o cosack_n here_o also_o they_o make_v their_o cholna_n of_o which_o more_o by_o and_o by_o from_o these_o porouhi_n the_o cosack_n take_v their_o name_n of_o zaporouski_n which_o be_v the_o great_a body_n in_o imitation_n whereof_o the_o donski_n be_v late_o set_v up_o none_o can_v be_v a_o zaporouski_n cosack_n who_o have_v not_o pass_v in_o his_o little_a boat_n all_o the_o porouhi_n i.e._n who_o have_v not_o make_v a_o course_n or_o voyage_n upon_o the_o black_a sea_n no_o more_o than_o he_o can_v be_v a_o knight_n of_o malta_n that_o have_v not_o make_v a_o caravane_n we_o shall_v first_o show_v the_o original_n and_o action_n of_o the_o cosack_n and_o afterward_o finish_v what_o concern_v the_o boristhenes_n and_o the_o country_n adjacent_a the_o cosack_n cosack_n of_o the_o cosack_n so_o call_v say_v a_o late_a author_n from_o cosa_n which_o in_o the_o slavonian_a language_n signify_v a_o since_o their_o ordinary_a weapon_n begin_v in_o the_o time_n of_o sigismond_n i._o king_n of_o poland_n and_o be_v certain_a volontier_n upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o russia_n volhinia_n and_o podolia_n that_o troop_v togegether_o partly_o to_o defend_v themselves_o from_o the_o tartar_n which_o they_o do_v by_o fight_v they_o at_o the_o passage_n over_o the_o nieper_n as_o they_o return_v with_o their_o prey_n partly_o to_o rob_v upon_o the_o black_a sea_n where_o they_o get_v very_o rich_a booty_n draw_v more_o into_o their_o association_n at_o first_o they_o be_v about_o six_o thousand_o under_o eustachius_n daskovicius_n their_o general_n but_o their_o number_n quick_o increase_v their_o neighbour_n see_v the_o rich_a booty_n get_v by_o their_o piracy_n part_v whereof_o they_o lay_v in_o their_o skarbniza_fw-mi woskowa_o the_o rest_n they_o bring_v home_o to_o their_o own_o house_n agree_v upon_o a_o time_n of_o rendezvouse_v the_o next_o spring_n upon_o the_o isle_n and_o rock_n of_o nieper_n whence_o they_o again_o return_v to_o their_o piracy_n stephen_n batory_n king_n of_o poland_n consider_v the_o service_n which_o may_v be_v make_v of_o these_o thief_n in_o defend_v the_o frontier_n of_o his_o country_n from_o the_o inroad_n of_o the_o tartar_n establishment_n their_o establishment_n to_o which_o they_o be_v too_o much_o expose_v own_a they_o and_o form_v they_o into_o a_o orderly_a militia_n give_v they_o the_o town_n and_o territory_n of_o trethimirow_n about_o eighty_o mile_n in_o length_n in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o kiow_n upon_o the_o boristhenes_n appoint_v they_o a_o general_n to_o who_o he_o give_v power_n to_o choose_v his_o under-officer_n give_v they_o many_o privilege_n beside_o some_o pay_n he_o join_v to_o they_o also_o two_o thousand_o horse_n to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o who_o he_o assign_v the_o four_o part_n of_o his_o demesne_fw-la whence_o they_o
the_o town_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o court_n of_o schipin_n or_o alderman_n who_o themselves_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o burgomaster_n choose_v yearly_a as_o a_o mayor_n in_o our_o city_n out_o of_o they_o who_o during_o his_o government_n have_v the_o title_n of_o general_n of_o great_a poland_n confer_v on_o he_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n seven_o mile_n from_o this_o city_n you_o have_v gnesna_n call_v by_o the_o dutch_a gnisen_v former_o the_o metropolis_n of_o poland_n gnesna_n gnesna_n build_v by_o lechus_n the_o first_o duke_n of_o poland_n by_o who_o it_o have_v its_o name_n give_v from_o the_o polish_v word_n gniasao_n which_o signify_v a_o nest_n because_o in_o this_o place_n lechus_n find_v a_o eagle_n nest_n whence_o to_o this_o day_n the_o prince_n of_o poland_n bear_v a_o spread_a eagle_n for_o their_o arms._n this_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o chief_a metropolitan_a archbishop_n in_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o who_o state_n and_o grandeur_n we_o have_v give_v you_o a_o relation_n before_o in_o the_o cathedral_n be_v keep_v a_o inestimable_a treasure_n of_o gold_n silver_n and_o curious_a enamel_a vessel_n leave_v by_o several_a prince_n of_o poland_n and_o archbishop_n of_o this_o see_v which_o be_v much_o increase_v by_o the_o legacy_n of_o henry_n firley_n late_a archbishop_n who_o beside_o many_o vessel_n and_o vestment_n of_o great_a worth_n give_v they_o his_o own_o mitre_n value_v at_o 24000_o polish_v guilder_n which_o be_v reduce_v to_o our_o english_a money_n will_v amount_v to_o about_o 2300_o pound_n sterling_a the_o gate_n lead_v into_o the_o cathedral_n be_v of_o corinthian_a brass_n and_o rare_o wrought_v these_o at_o first_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o monastery_n of_o corsuna_n in_o the_o tauric_n chersonese_n whence_o they_o be_v remove_v to_o kiow_n and_o from_o thence_o bring_v hither_o by_o boleslaus_n the_o second_o in_o the_o year_n 1613_o this_o city_n 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borek_n and_o goluchow_n be_v the_o most_o considerable_a the_o former_a for_o a_o famous_a picture_n of_o the_o virgin_n mary_n resort_v to_o with_o a_o great_a opinion_n of_o devotion_n by_o most_o of_o the_o zealous_a romanist_n in_o these_o part_n the_o latter_a for_o a_o extraordinary_a piece_n of_o modern_a architecture_n in_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o count_n of_o lesno_n the_o city_n of_o sirad_n sirad_n sirad_n which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o palatinate_n of_o siradia_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o south_n of_o calissia_n upon_o the_o river_n warta_n it_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a brick_n wall_n most_o of_o the_o house_n be_v of_o wood_n and_o very_o mean_a and_o low_a this_o city_n and_o the_o territory_n about_o it_o make_v former_o a_o dukedom_n usual_o give_v to_o the_o second_o son_n of_o the_o polish_v king_n seven_o german_n petricow_n petricow_n or_o twenty_o nine_o english_a mile_n from_o sirad_n lie_v petricow_n a_o neat_a and_o well_o build_v city_n where_o 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german_n lowicz_n lowicz_n or_o twenty_o english_a mile_n from_o rava_n lie_v lowicz_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n it_o be_v a_o place_n much_o more_o populous_a than_o rava_n and_o yearly_a in_o the_o fair-time_n throng_v with_o great_a number_n of_o merchant_n who_o flock_n thither_o from_o all_o quarter_n the_o archbishops_n palace_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o low_a and_o marshy_a ground_n nevertheless_o its_o fabric_n be_v magnificent_a and_o well_o become_v the_o state_n of_o so_o great_a a_o prince_n lancicia_n or_o lanschet_fw-mi give_v denomination_n to_o a_o palatinate_n of_o the_o same_o name_n lancicia_n lancicia_n be_v situate_a in_o a_o low_a and_o fenny_a ground_n encompass_v with_o a_o ditch_n and_o brick_n wall_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n be_v a_o monastery_n which_o may_v easy_o if_o as_o well_o provide_v for_o by_o art_n as_o nature_n be_v make_v impregnable_a there_o be_v beside_o little_a in_o the_o city_n worth_n take_v notice_n of_o except_o the_o great_a fair_n keep_v once_o a_o year_n and_o the_o session_n of_o the_o deputy_n of_o this_o palatinate_n which_o be_v here_o hold_v cujavia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o masovia_n and_o the_o palatinate_n of_o rava_n cujavia_n cujavia_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o palatinate_v of_o lanschet_fw-mi and_z calissia_n on_o the_o north_n with_o prussia_n it_o contain_v in_o it_o two_o barony_n breast_n which_o lie_v to_o the_o east_n and_o south_n and_o juniuladislavia_n this_o country_n be_v rich_a in_o corn_n and_o cattle_n and_o well_o store_v with_o fish_n in_o the_o palatinate_n of_o bresty_n lie_v the_o city_n of_o vladislaw_n bresty_n bresty_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o cujavia_n and_o pomeren_n the_o cathedral_n here_o be_v a_o pitiful_a old-fashioned_a piece_n of_o building_n but_o well_o furnish_v with_o plate_n and_o rich_a ornament_n and_o relic_n within_o the_o house_n be_v general_o of_o brick_n mathias_n golanciew_o who_o be_v forty_o two_o year_n bishop_n of_o this_o see_v beautify_v this_o city_n very_o much_o by_o build_v that_o stately_a palace_n which_o be_v see_v at_o this_o day_n in_o vladislaw_n instead_o of_o a_o old_a ruinous_a castle_n and_o sound_v the_o church_n of_o st._n vital_a the_o martyr_n the_o next_o considerable_a place_n be_v bresty_n build_v of_o brick_n and_o wood_n interlayd_v the_o other_o town_n of_o note_n be_v nisaw_n a_o wall_a town_n rasienski_n guard_v with_o a_o fair_a castle_n radschow_n seat_v on_o the_o lake_n goplo_n and_o kowale_n upon_o the_o vistula_n cruswick_n belong_v proper_o to_o the_o palatinate_n of_o bresty_n though_o situate_v upon_o the_o confine_n of_o inouladislavia_n cruswick_n cruswick_n in_o the_o suburb_n of_o this_o city_n stand_v a_o church_n dedicate_v to_o st._n peter_n build_v of_o square_a stone_n with_o a_o college_n of_o twenty_o four_o canon_n in_o the_o adjoin_a island_n stand_v a_o brick_n castle_n build_v by_o popielus_n the_o elder_a who_o choose_v this_o place_n to_o live_v in_o rather_o than_o cracow_n or_o gnesna_n whither_o he_o have_v once_o remove_v his_o court_n as_o be_v of_o too_o timorous_a a_o nature_n to_o trust_v himself_o in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o russian_n or_o hungarian_n here_o as_o the_o polonian_a chronicle_n report_n papielus_n son_n of_o papielus_n the_o elder_a be_v devour_v by_o mouse_n heaven_n by_o this_o punishment_n revenge_v the_o blood_n of_o several_a of_o his_o relation_n who_o his_o greedy_a ambition_n of_o sway_v the_o sceptre_n have_v prompt_v he_o to_o poison_v at_o a_o banquet_n cromer_n advance_v the_o story_n by_o tell_v we_o that_o his_o father_n in_o his_o ordinary_a revel_n use_v to_o wish_v himself_o and_o his_o child_n this_o kind_n of_o death_n and_o that_o the_o mouse_n be_v miraculous_o generate_v out_o of_o the_o carcase_n of_o his_o poison_a kindred_n prussia_n accurate_a inscripta_fw-la a_o gasparo_n henneberg_n erlichensi_fw-la nobiliss_n o_o &_o tam_fw-la prosapia_fw-la
and_o many_o other_o superstition_n they_o seem_v to_o have_v borrow_v from_o the_o roman_n who_o come_v into_o this_o country_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o palaemon_n hence_o they_o use_v to_o burn_v their_o dead_a expect_v say_v cajalowicz_n part_n i._o hist_n lithv_n lib._n 5._o p._n 140._o a_o resurrection_n out_o of_o the_o ash_n at_o the_o come_n of_o a_o strange_a god_n to_o judge_v the_o whole_a earth_n from_o the_o top_n of_o one_o of_o their_o mountain_n from_o these_o idolatrous_a practice_n they_o be_v first_o convert_v to_o christianity_n by_o vladislaus_n jagello_n their_o great_a duke_n who_o a._n d._n 1386_o upon_o his_o marriage_n with_o hedvig_a queen_n of_o poland_n turn_v christian_n and_o be_v baptize_v at_o cracow_n by_o john_n bishop_n of_o that_o see_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v a_o very_a pious_a and_o zealous_a prince_n and_o exceed_v diligent_a in_o bring_v over_o the_o whole_a dukedom_n of_o lithvania_n to_o the_o christian_a religion_n at_o the_o first_o he_o meet_v with_o no_o small_a opposition_n but_o when_o the_o king_n have_v cut_v down_o their_o tall_a tree_n the_o temple_n of_o their_o heathenish_a god_n and_o not_o mischief_n befall_v he_o the_o people_n begin_v to_o think_v their_o idol_n will_v never_o take_v this_o affront_n if_o able_a to_o revenge_v themselves_o and_o therefore_o they_o be_v resolve_v to_o listen_v to_o their_o prince_n advice_n whereupon_o the_o king_n immediate_o build_v a_o cathedral_n and_o found_v a_o bishopric_n at_o vilna_n and_o the_o queen_n furnish_v seven_o parish_n church_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n with_o chalice_n vestment_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n for_o divine_a service_n the_o russian_n at_o that_o time_n as_o most_o of_o they_o be_v still_o be_v member_n of_o the_o greek_a church_n so_o that_o the_o king_n think_v good_a to_o forbid_v marriage_n with_o a_o russ_n that_o will_v not_o conform_v to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n at_o this_o day_n many_o lithvanians_n be_v of_o the_o greek_a church_n though_o more_o of_o the_o roman_a in_o vilna_n and_o several_a other_o great_a town_n vast_a number_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v lutheran_n the_o whole_a dukedom_n be_v divide_v into_o ten_o palatinate_n the_o metropolis_n and_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v vilna_n the_o next_o be_v the_o palatinate_n of_o troki_n 3._o minsko_n 4._o novogrod_n 5._o breast_n 6._o volhinia_n 7._o kiow_n 8._o miecislaw_n 9_o vitebsk_v 10._o poloxko_n vilna_n call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n vilensski_n by_o the_o german_n die_v wild_a have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v the_o house_n be_v general_o low_a and_o mean_a all_o of_o wood_n except_v only_o in_o some_o street_n where_o merchant_n of_o other_o nation_n that_o resort_n hither_o for_o trade_n have_v build_v themselves_o more_o then_o ordinary_a gentile_a one_o of_o stone_n most_o of_o the_o church_n be_v of_o stone_n some_o of_o wood_n the_o suburb_n be_v not_o build_v here_o as_o at_o other_o city_n in_o europe_n but_o round_o the_o wall_n in_o a_o confuse_a and_o disorderly_a manner_n every_o man_n place_v his_o house_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o wooden_a booth_n where_o he_o please_v the_o citizen_n be_v exceed_o poor_a and_o idle_a slave_n to_o their_o noble_n and_o their_o belly_n they_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o for_o great_a lover_n of_o onion_n and_o garlic_n which_o kind_n of_o diet_n help_v by_o their_o smoky_a house_n blind_v half_o of_o they_o before_o they_o arrive_v at_o any_o considerable_a age_n their_o excessive_a intemperance_n in_o drink_v breed_v continual_a quarrel_n among_o they_o if_o a_o stranger_n be_v kill_v in_o any_o such_o broil_n the_o murderer_n pay_v only_o sixteen_o dollar_n as_o a_o mulct_n if_o a_o lithvanian_a be_v slay_v and_o the_o murderer_n fly_v it_o be_v usual_a to_o preserve_v the_o dead_a corpse_n embalm_v till_o they_o can_v apprehend_v the_o fugitive_n who_o they_o can_v condemn_v without_o show_v he_o the_o carcase_n of_o he_o he_o slay_v there_o be_v not_o one_o public_a hospital_n in_o the_o whole_a city_n though_o it_o stand_v in_o more_o need_n of_o such_o a_o provision_n then_o any_o place_n in_o europe_n if_o we_o may_v judge_v by_o the_o swarm_n of_o beggar_n every_o street_n afford_v the_o only_a piece_n of_o neat_a building_n be_v the_o monastery_n of_o bernardine_n monk_n all_o of_o hew_a stone_n the_o moscovian_a company_n of_o merchant_n have_v also_o a_o considerable_o handsome_a structure_n build_v for_o a_o repository_n of_o fur_n ermine_n and_o other_o rich_a merchandise_n bring_v from_o moscow_n the_o great_a duke_n palace_n have_v nothing_o of_o note_n in_o it_o but_o the_o armoury_n which_o be_v admirable_o furnish_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o arm_n and_o armour_n consider_v that_o lithvania_n itself_o afford_v no_o mine_n of_o brass_n or_o iron_n about_o two_o english_a mile_n from_o vilna_n the_o great_a duke_n have_v another_o palace_n call_v from_o its_o situation_n wersupa_n that_o be_v near_o the_o water_n build_v by_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n all_o of_o wood_n and_o beautify_v with_o a_o park_n and_o pleasant_a orchard_n and_o garden_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n of_o lithvania_n have_v little_a in_o they_o observable_a save_v that_o they_o give_v title_n to_o palatine_n and_o duke_n what_o number_n there_o be_v of_o these_o last_o may_v be_v easy_o guess_v by_o what_o be_v report_v of_o vitoldus_n once_o great_a duke_n that_o he_o have_v no_o less_o than_o fifty_o duke_n at_o once_o in_o his_o army_n samogitia_n this_o country_n have_v its_o name_n from_o its_o situation_n which_o be_v low_a and_o wet_a samogitz_n in_o the_o language_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n signify_v a_o marshy_a ground_n whence_o the_o moscovite_n call_v it_o samotzkasemla_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o liefland_n on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n with_o the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o lithvania_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o some_o part_n of_o prussia_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v continual_o overflow_v with_o river_n and_o lake_n unpassable_a but_o in_o a_o frost_n the_o rest_n of_o it_o be_v full_a of_o wood_n which_o afford_v good_a store_n of_o honey_n pure_a and_o better_a than_o any_o in_o lithvania_n or_o liefland_n the_o inhabitant_n differ_v little_a from_o the_o lithvanians_n either_o in_o manner_n habit_n or_o language_n they_o be_v sottish_o ignorant_a gross_o superstitious_a and_o easy_a to_o be_v impose_v upon_o they_o use_v no_o plough_n in_o till_v their_o ground_n but_o dig_v it_o up_o with_o spade_n or_o stick_n as_o it_o be_v usual_a in_o some_o part_n of_o moscovy_n when_o one_o of_o their_o governor_n have_v observe_v how_o far_o his_o countryman_n be_v outdo_v in_o their_o husbandry_n by_o other_o nation_n endeavour_v to_o teach_v they_o the_o art_n of_o plough_v it_o chance_v that_o for_o two_o year_n after_o their_o crop_n be_v not_o so_o rich_a as_o former_o it_o have_v be_v whereupon_o the_o people_n attribute_v the_o miscarriage_n to_o the_o new_a device_n grow_v so_o enrage_v that_o the_o governor_n be_v glad_a to_o decry_v the_o experiment_n for_o fear_n of_o a_o insurrection_n when_o vladislaus_n jagello_n have_v convert_v the_o great_a part_n of_o lithvania_n he_o endeavour_v to_o bring_v the_o samogitian_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o resolution_n he_o go_v himself_o into_o this_o country_n and_o burn_v up_o their_o hallow_a grove_n and_o destroy_v the_o serpent_n and_o other_o creature_n they_o worship_v with_o threat_n and_o promise_v make_v they_o vow_n to_o abandon_v their_o former_a idolatry_n and_o worship_v the_o true_a god_n and_o for_o fear_v that_o when_o his_o back_n be_v turn_v they_o may_v relapse_n into_o their_o former_a heathenism_n he_o found_v a_o bishopric_n at_o mzdniki_n endow_v it_o with_o a_o revenue_n sufficient_a for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o bishop_n and_o twelve_o prebend_n who_o be_v to_o officiate_v at_o so_o many_o parish_n church_n in_o and_o about_o the_o city_n howbeit_o the_o good_a king_n be_v not_o so_o successful_a in_o his_o undertake_n nor_o his_o successor_n so_o vigilant_a in_o the_o prosecution_n of_o his_o design_n but_o that_o to_o this_o day_n many_o poor_a ignorant_a idolater_n may_v be_v find_v in_o the_o desert_a part_n of_o this_o country_n these_o like_o the_o lithvanians_n speak_v of_o before_o worship_v a_o four_o footed_a serpent_n about_o three_o hand_n long_o call_v in_o their_o tongue_n givosit_n without_o one_o of_o these_o household_n god_n you_o shall_v scarce_o find_v a_o family_n if_o any_o mischief_n befall_v they_o they_o think_v it_o be_v because_o the_o little_a deity_n have_v not_o be_v well_o attend_v another_o piece_n of_o heathenish_a superstition_n be_v still_o retain_v by_o the_o rustic_n in_o the_o follow_a manner_n about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o
iron-mine_n and_o indifferent_a good_a store_n of_o corn_n it_o have_v but_o one_o city_n in_o it_o call_v gevalia_n commodious_o situate_v upon_o the_o bay_n of_o bothnia_n half_o a_o day_n journey_n from_o kupferberg_n 2._o helsingia_n helsingia_n helsingia_n which_o be_v ancient_o a_o general_a name_n for_o all_o the_o northern_a province_n from_o the_o north-sea_n to_o the_o river_n vla_n and_o the_o lake_n vlatresk_n in_o the_o north_n of_o cajania_n as_o appear_v from_o some_o record_n of_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o telgis_n a._n 1328_o and_o a_o distinct_a kingdom_n of_o itself_o govern_v by_o its_o own_o king_n till_o the_o time_n of_o ingellus_fw-la the_o second_o king_n of_o vpsal_n so_o be_v the_o king_n of_o sweden_n ancient_o style_v who_o at_o his_o coronation_n invite_v the_o king_n of_o helsingia_n and_o several_a other_o prince_n to_o the_o solemnity_n and_o after_o have_v make_v they_o drink_v with_o strong_a liquor_n set_v fire_n on_o the_o palace_n and_o so_o destroy_v they_o all_o and_o seize_v their_o possession_n which_o ever_o after_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n have_v ancient_o a_o peculiar_a language_n of_o their_o own_o and_o also_o a_o alphabet_n altogether_o distinct_a from_o the_o runick_a as_o appear_v by_o several_a old_a monument_n find_v among_o they_o they_o be_v record_v to_o have_v fight_v many_o famous_a battle_n with_o their_o neighbour_n of_o finland_n carelia_n and_o cajania_n and_o after_o have_v drive_v some_o of_o their_o enemy_n as_o far_o as_o the_o sund_n in_o memory_n of_o their_o conquest_n and_o to_o eternize_v their_o name_n to_o have_v build_v the_o city_n helsingburg_n from_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v come_v the_o nylander_n who_o border_n upon_o carelia_n and_o use_v the_o same_o manner_n of_o speech_n to_o this_o day_n the_o native_n be_v general_o very_o hospitable_a and_o courteous_a to_o stranger_n of_o a_o docile_a and_o ingenious_a disposition_n and_o above_o all_o thing_n endeavour_v to_o be_v neat_a and_o handsome_a within_o door_n the_o whole_a country_n of_o helsingia_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o province_n 1._o helsingia_n proper_o so_o call_v helsingia_n helsingia_n heretofore_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o sundhede_v which_o have_v in_o it_o three_o lesser_a division_n alora_n through_o which_o run_v the_o river_n liusna_n sundhede_v in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o be_v the_o lake_n dil_n and_o nordstigh_a not_o far_o from_o the_o wood_n arskog_n the_o soil_n be_v indifferent_o fruitful_a for_o corn_n but_o chief_o for_o pasture_n the_o inhabitant_n most_o employ_v themselves_o in_o feed_v and_o manage_v their_o stock_n of_o cattle_n here_o be_v but_o one_o city_n in_o the_o whole_a country_n call_v hudingsvaldia_n remarkable_a for_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n butter_n hydes_n pitch_n rosin_n mast_n of_o ship_n and_o deal-board_n that_o be_v convey_v hence_o into_o other_o country_n 2._o medelpadia_n medelpadia_n medelpadia_n much_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o helsingia_n but_o only_o it_o be_v narrow_a and_o abound_v more_o with_o wood_n and_o mountain_n in_o it_o be_v two_o river_n very_o full_a of_o fish_n some_o say_v the_o king_n of_o helsingia_n ancient_o reside_v here_o 3._o angermannia_n a_o fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a angermannia_n angermannia_n yet_o in_o some_o place_n mountainous_a country_n the_o soil_n be_v so_o good_a and_o certain_a that_o though_o it_o bear_v corn_n plentiful_o it_o need_v not_o be_v manure_v above_o once_o in_o ten_o year_n it_o be_v divide_v in_o the_o middle_n into_o two_o part_n the_o northern_a and_o southern_a by_o a_o great_a wood_n which_o run_v all_o along_o from_o the_o ragged_a mountain_n scula_n and_o thence_o take_v its_o name_n water_v it_o be_v by_o only_o one_o river_n well_o store_v with_o salmon_n and_o other_o fish_n secure_v by_o one_o city_n name_v hernosandia_n yield_v the_o same_o commodity_n as_o hudingsvaldia_n only_o it_o afford_v no_o copper_n 4._o bothnia_n bothnia_n bothnia_n not_o so_o full_a of_o mountain_n as_o angermannia_n of_o a_o sandy_a and_o barren_a turf_n but_o well_o supply_v with_o fish_n and_o other_o commodity_n it_o have_v in_o it_o several_a river_n of_o considerable_a bigness_n which_o empty_a themselves_o into_o the_o bothnick-bay_n city_n here_o be_v none_o but_o this_o defect_n be_v supply_v by_o a_o frequency_n of_o market-town_n which_o be_v almost_o as_o numerous_a as_o the_o parish_n the_o advantage_n of_o this_o country_n be_v chief_o by_o the_o trade_n from_o the_o near_a part_n of_o lapland_n which_o be_v manage_v chief_o by_o the_o birkarli_n and_o all_o come_v to_o the_o seaside_n this_o way_n ii_o sueonia_n or_o sweden_n strict_o so_o take_v sueonia_n sueonia_n which_o contain_v in_o it_o these_o five_o province_n vplandia_n westmannia_n dalecarlia_n nericia_n and_o sudermannia_n dalecarliae_fw-la et_fw-la westmanniae_fw-la nova_fw-la et_fw-la accurata_fw-la descriptio_fw-la viro_fw-la illust_n mo_z d._n no_o petro_n julio_n coyet_n equite_v aurato_fw-la s._n r._n m._n sueciae_fw-la cosiliario_n aulico_fw-la scretario_n status_fw-la et_fw-la nunc_fw-la ad_fw-la confoederatos_fw-la belgas_n extra_fw-la ordinem_fw-la ablegato_fw-la d._n d._n d._n joh._n janssonius_n vplandia_n 2._o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o on_o the_o south_n or_o southeast_n of_o dalecarlia_n lie_v west_n or_o wester-mannia_a or_o westmannerland_n border_v upon_o upland_n and_o gestricia_n it_o be_v according_a to_o the_o several_a dale_n or_o division_n that_o be_v in_o it_o divide_v into_o three_o part_n viz._n oster_n wester_n and_n sun-dalia_a the_o soil_n be_v very_o fruitful_a and_o the_o mine_n very_o considerable_a afford_v steel_n iron_n copper_n lead_v and_o some_o vein_n of_o sulphur_n in_o great_a quantity_n than_o those_o of_o any_o other_o province_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n there_o be_v also_o a_o silver_n i_o discover_v and_o make_v use_v of_o at_o salberg_n the_o city_n here_o be_v three_o arosia_n arbogia_n and_o kope_v the_o chief_a of_o these_o be_v arosia_n or_o westeras_n a_o bishop_n seat_n where_o in_o the_o cathedral_n church_n be_v several_a great_a stone_n with_o gothick_n inscription_n as_o there_o be_v likewise_o at_o stregnesia_n in_o this_o city_n the_o agreement_n by_o which_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v change_v from_o a_o elective_a to_o a_o hereditary_a monarchy_n be_v conclude_v ann_n 1540_o in_o the_o time_n of_o gustavus_n i._o and_o thence_o call_v pactum_fw-la arosiense_n the_o history_n be_v thus_o the_o swede_n not_o be_v able_a to_o endure_v the_o tyranny_n and_o oppression_n of_o christiern_n ii_o then_o king_n both_o of_o sweden_n and_o denmark_n forsake_v their_o allegiance_n to_o he_o and_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o prince_n gustavus_n who_o have_v wonderful_o escape_v from_o his_o imprisonment_n in_o denmark_n take_v up_o arm_n against_o he_o expel_v he_o their_o country_n and_o at_o last_o gain_v their_o former_a liberty_n and_o privilege_n whereupon_o to_o requite_v their_o general_n for_o this_o signal_n good_a he_o have_v do_v the_o public_a they_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o one_o canutus_n precedent_n of_o the_o council_n and_o johannes_n gothus_n the_o pope_n legate_n ann_n 1523_o unanimous_o elect_v he_o king_n and_o consider_v how_o much_o it_o may_v tend_v to_o the_o happiness_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o have_v the_o succession_n ascertain_v to_o his_o issue_n they_o in_o the_o year_n 1540_o whole_o give_v up_o their_o power_n of_o elect_v their_o king_n for_o the_o future_a and_o by_o oath_n and_o solemn_a covenant_n settle_v the_o crown_n upon_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o which_o confidence_n of_o the_o people_n in_o their_o prince_n be_v justify_v in_o the_o event_n for_o the_o new_a king_n be_v so_o far_o from_o abuse_v his_o absolute_a power_n that_o in_o that_o very_a year_n he_o publish_v many_o law_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o people_n 3._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d south_n of_o westmannia_n lie_v nericia_n a_o little_a but_o fruitful_a province_n yield_v good_a store_n of_o sulphur_n alum_n and_o vitriol_n some_o silver_n mine_n there_o be_v but_o not_o labour_v most_o of_o its_o inhabitant_n be_v smith_n who_o supply_v the_o whole_a country_n especial_o those_o that_o work_n in_o the_o mine_n with_o iron_n instrument_n of_o all_o sort_n here_o be_v one_o city_n name_v orebrogia_n 4._o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o south_n or_o southeast_n of_o nericia_n lie_v sudermannia_n or_o sudermanland_n have_v on_o the_o east_n the_o baltic_a sea_n ostrogothia_a on_o the_o south_n and_o the_o lake_n meller_n on_o the_o north._n it_o be_v famous_a for_o several_a city_n it_o contain_v the_o chief_a and_o most_o considerable_a of_o which_o be_v nicopia_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o sudermannia_n here_o also_o be_v the_o place_n for_o building_n of_o ship_n the_o workman_n be_v good_a and_o material_n cheap_a next_o to_o this_o be_v stregnesia_n a_o bishop_n seat_n with_o telga_n torsilia_n and_o trosa_n all_o commodious_a for_o
dedicate_v to_o he_o so_o stately_a and_o magnificent_a that_o by_o the_o relation_n of_o johannes_n magnus_n who_o tell_v prodigious_a story_n of_o the_o golden_a roof_n etc._n etc._n the_o temple_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o cuzco_n be_v but_o a_o poor_o adorn_v chapel_n to_o it_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o stupendous_a fabric_n their_o god_n be_v set_v upon_o a_o bed_n or_o couch_n with_o a_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n adorn_v with_o twelve_o star_n and_o a_o sceptre_n in_o his_o hand_n upon_o his_o right_a hand_n stand_v oden_n or_o othen_n arm_v like_o a_o soldier_n cap_n a-pie_n not_o unlike_o the_o roman_a god_n mars_n on_o his_o left_a be_v place_v the_o goddess_n freia_n their_o venus_n hold_v a_o sword_n in_o one_o and_o a_o bow_n in_o the_o other_o hand_n these_o three_o deity_n be_v have_v in_o special_a reverence_n among_o they_o votary_n come_v from_o very_o remote_a part_n every_o nine_o year_n to_o visit_v the_o temple_n and_o pay_v their_o devotion_n offer_v the_o most_o precious_a gift_n they_o can_v provide_v and_o sacrifice_n for_o nine_o day_n together_o pythagorean-like_a count_a nine_a a_o auspicious_a number_n and_o on_o every_o day_n nine_o sort_n of_o animal_n three_o of_o every_o sort_n not_o spare_v their_o servant_n friend_n child_n nor_o even_o their_o own_o self_n from_o be_v part_n of_o such_o bloody_a victim_n this_o they_o do_v not_o by_o choice_n every_o votary_n strive_v to_o be_v present_v a_o sacrifice_n to_o his_o god_n but_o by_o lot_n take_v he_o on_o who_o the_o lot_n fall_v tie_v a_o cord_n about_o his_o middle_n and_o so_o let_v he_o down_o alive_a into_o a_o large_a well_o dig_v close_o by_o the_o temple_n for_o that_o purpose_n if_o he_o expire_v quiet_o and_o without_o any_o great_a struggle_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n they_o conclude_v that_o their_o god_n be_v please_v and_o their_o petition_n hear_v if_o otherwise_o and_o he_o seem_v to_o die_v with_o any_o reluctancy_n they_o suppose_v their_o god_n be_v angry_a and_o thereupon_o present_o make_v ready_a another_o suchlike_a sacrifice_n to_o appease_v the_o wrath_n when_o the_o body_n be_v draw_v up_o out_o of_o the_o well_o if_o a_o please_a sacrifice_n they_o think_v it_o not_o fit_a to_o bury_v it_o in_o the_o ground_n the_o ordinary_a way_n but_o hang_v it_o up_o upon_o a_o tree_n in_o the_o consecrate_a grove_n and_o for_o ever_o after_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v instate_v in_o a_o place_n of_o happiness_n and_o esteem_v it_o as_o one_o of_o their_o demigod_n in_o these_o cruel_a sacrifice_n their_o king_n themselves_o be_v not_o only_o present_a but_o sometime_o when_o the_o lot_n fall_v upon_o they_o offer_v up_o to_o their_o god_n be_v attend_v to_o the_o place_n of_o execution_n with_o great_a joy_n and_o acclamation_n by_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o subject_n who_o promise_v themselves_o great_a and_o last_a happiness_n by_o so_o noble_a a_o victim_n beside_o these_o three_o principal_a they_o worship_v many_o other_o inferior_a deity_n upon_o different_a occasion_n as_o methothim_n who_o preside_v over_o their_o magical_a art_n from_o to_o who_o they_o always_o offer_v black_a victim_n vagnoft_o hade_v etc._n etc._n with_o all_o the_o the_o son_n and_o attendant_n of_o their_o principal_a god_n of_o which_o see_v johannes_n and_o olaus_n magnus_n adam_n bremensis_n and_o loccenius_n the_o many_o foolish_a superstition_n to_o which_o their_o ignorance_n and_o credulity_n make_v they_o subject_a as_o their_o arm_a themselves_o whensoever_o it_o chance_v to_o thunder_n and_o shoot_v arrow_n up_o into_o the_o cloud_n to_o assist_v these_o god_n of_o their_o country_n who_o as_o they_o suppose_v be_v wage_n war_n against_o those_o of_o other_o nation_n their_o use_v to_o sacrifice_v their_o horse_n before_o they_o engage_v with_o their_o enemy_n and_o set_v the_o head_n of_o they_o upon_o pale_n before_o the_o army_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o palisado_n and_o such_o like_a frequent_o meet_v with_o in_o author_n be_v scarce_o worth_a mention_v only_o this_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o in_o their_o custom_n and_o ceremony_n about_o their_o worship_n they_o have_v some_o faint_a notion_n of_o a_o infinite_a power_n to_o which_o they_o owe_v their_o be_v and_o happiness_n that_o their_o soul_n do_v not_o die_v with_o their_o body_n and_o such_o like_a common_a dictate_v of_o natural_a reason_n all_o which_o be_v clear_o discover_v to_o they_o and_o the_o mist_n of_o idolatry_n and_o irreligion_n quite_o dispel_v by_o the_o happy_a plantation_n of_o christianity_n among_o they_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 780_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o bero_n or_o biorno_n iii_o king_n of_o sweden_n desire_v charles_n the_o great_a emperor_n of_o germany_n to_o send_v some_o able_a minister_n into_o the_o north_n to_o plant_v christian_a religion_n among_o they_o who_o according_o send_v one_o herebertus_n surname_v belga_n a_o man_n of_o note_a piety_n and_o learning_n in_o those_o time_n he_o succeed_v well_o in_o his_o undertake_n gain_v many_o proselyte_n and_o build_v a_o church_n at_o lyncopen_n in_o ostrogothia_a where_o himself_o be_v rector_n and_o afterward_o dye_v ann._n 814_o ludovicus_n pius_n i._o emperor_n of_o germany_n in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n send_v hither_o more_o apostle_n one_o of_o which_o be_v name_v ansgarius_n a_o monk_n of_o corbey_n in_o france_n who_o bring_v with_o he_o from_o thence_o divers_a of_o the_o monk_n and_o plant_v in_o saxony_n a_o monastery_n of_o the_o former_a name_n intend_v it_o for_o a_o seminary_n to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o preacher_n in_o the_o north._n but_o all_o this_o emperor_n time_n christianity_n be_v rather_o private_o bring_v in_o hither_o paganism_n prevail_v and_o most_o of_o these_o pious_a man_n be_v martyr_v for_o their_o religion_n then_o public_o countenance_v or_o establish_v till_o about_o ann_n 955_o when_o olaus_n scot-konung_a desirous_a to_o enjoy_v the_o purity_n of_o the_o gospel_n send_v to_o ethelred_n then_o king_n of_o england_n desire_v he_o to_o furnish_v he_o with_o minister_n to_o preach_v christianity_n to_o he_o and_o his_o subject_n that_o there_o have_v always_o be_v great_a friendship_n betwixt_o those_o two_o crown_n appear_v by_o many_o particular_n one_o especial_o not_o to_o be_v forget_v be_v that_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n will_v never_o permit_v any_o of_o their_o subject_n to_o engage_v with_o the_o dane_n and_o other_o northern_a people_n to_o exercise_v piracy_n against_o or_o invade_v the_o english_a dominion_n as_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o jo._n magnus_n and_o other_o author_n ethelred_n ready_o consent_v to_o so_o pious_a a_o request_n and_o dispatch_v over_o one_o sigfrid_n than_o archbishop_n of_o york_n with_o divers_a other_o godly_a priest_n and_o worthy_a labourer_n who_o at_o their_o arrival_n in_o sweden_n find_v kind_a reception_n baptize_v the_o king_n himself_o with_o all_o his_o courtier_n and_o prevail_v so_o far_o to_o have_v the_o gospel_n propagate_v among_o his_o subject_n that_o christian_a church_n be_v build_v in_o every_o province_n of_o the_o king_n dominion_n this_o so_o happy_a a_o plantation_n be_v water_v by_o the_o blood_n of_o three_o of_o his_o follower_n vnaman_n sumaman_n and_o vinaman_n murder_v by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o a_o wicked_a woman_n and_o lie_v bury_v at_o wexio_n a_o city_n in_o smalandia_n after_o this_o christianity_n be_v nurse_v up_o by_o their_o succeed_a king_n ericus_n especial_o who_o as_o be_v say_v before_o propagate_v it_o to_o the_o finlander_n exercise_v it_o be_v according_a to_o the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n till_o about_o the_o year_n 1530_o at_o which_o time_n gustavus_n i._o then_o king_n upon_o what_o motive_n author_n do_v not_o agree_v establish_v the_o lutheran_n religion_n displace_v all_o those_o that_o refuse_v to_o subscribe_v the_o article_n he_o propose_v among_o who_o be_v that_o elegant_a historian_n and_o very_o learned_a person_n jo._n magnus_n than_o archbishop_n who_o refuse_v to_o comply_v with_o the_o king_n leave_v his_o country_n flee_v to_o rome_n there_o write_v his_o history_n with_o a_o account_n of_o this_o metropolis_n and_o die_v 1544._o in_o the_o year_n 1537_o the_o say_a gustavus_n enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o christianus_n king_n of_o denmark_n philip_n landsgrave_n of_o hassia_n the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n and_o other_o german_a prince_n to_o defend_v this_o religion_n thus_o reform_v against_o the_o emperor_n and_o other_o prince_n of_o the_o communion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n 1613_o it_o be_v public_o consent_v to_o by_o the_o state_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n a._n d._n 1627._o gustavus_n adolphus_n give_v sactuary_n in_o his_o dominion_n to_o all_o those_o that_o be_v any_o way_n persecute_v in_o germany_n or_o elsewhere_o for_o this_o profession_n confirm_a it_o be_v and_o agree_v to_o by_o charles_n
city_n name_v tingvalla_fw-la 4._o hallandia_n hallandia_n hallandia_n which_o have_v oâ—_n the_o west_n the_o sinus_n codanus_n on_o the_o south_n schonen_fw-mi and_o on_o the_o north_n and_o north-east_n smalandia_n and_o westro-gothia_a a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a province_n reach_v in_o length_n from_o bahusia_n to_o the_o city_n laaholm_n upon_o a_o small_a river_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o sinus_n codanus_n several_a mile_n but_o in_o breadth_n in_o some_o part_v not_o above_o half_a a_o mile_n and_o where_o broad_a not_o exceed_v three_o mile_n it_o have_v in_o it_o four_o city_n 1._o halmstadt_n 2._o falkenburg_n 3._o laaholm_n 4._o waersburg_n all_o lie_v upon_o the_o codane_a bay_n very_o convenient_o for_o trade_n and_o export_v of_o those_o commodity_n which_o come_v out_o of_o the_o more_o northerly_a province_n in_o the_o year_n 1645_o by_o a_o ratification_n of_o peace_n hold_v betwixt_o christina_n queen_n of_o swedland_n and_o christian_n the_o iv_o king_n of_o denmark_n this_o province_n with_o all_o its_o city_n town_n fort_n and_o appurtenance_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n for_o thirty_o year_n as_o a_o pledge_n of_o security_n whereby_o the_o swede_n may_v be_v ascertain_v of_o their_o free_a passage_n through_o the_o sund_n or_o oresund_n the_o controversy_n about_o which_o have_v be_v the_o chief_a occasion_n of_o their_o former_a war_n at_o the_o end_n of_o thirty_o year_n if_o the_o swede_n think_v convenient_a either_o this_o province_n be_v to_o be_v retain_v by_o they_o as_o a_o pledge_n for_o the_o perform_n of_o the_o covenant_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o dane_n or_o they_o to_o have_v some_o other_o province_n or_o city_n and_o fort_n equivalent_a to_o it_o give_v into_o their_o hand_n which_o may_v be_v to_o they_o sufficient_a assecuration_n an._n 1658_o by_o article_n of_o a_o peace_n conclude_v at_o roschild_n a_o city_n in_o zealand_n it_o with_o all_o its_o city_n town_n and_o fort_n be_v grant_v to_o charles_n the_o x_o than_o king_n of_o sweden_n and_o to_o his_o successor_n for_o ever_o ii_o eastern-east_n or_o ostrogothia_a ostrogothia_a ostrogothia_a which_o have_v in_o it_o these_o province_n 1._o ostrogothia_a proper_o so_o call_v 2._o smalandia_n and_o 3._o oelandia_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v gotlandia_n scania_n and_o bleckingia_n gothia_n apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a ere_fw-we mosem_n pitt_n scania_n vulgo_fw-la schonen_fw-mi apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a mosem_fw-la pitt_n viroillustri_fw-la &_o generosissimo_fw-la dno_fw-la otthoni_fw-la kragh_n toparchae_fw-la in_o trutzholm_n summo_fw-la r._n m._n dan_o secretario_fw-la patrono_fw-la svo_fw-la magno_fw-la dedicat_fw-la &_o consecrat_n johannes_n janssonius_n 2._o smalandia_n part_v from_o ostrogothia_a by_o the_o wood_n holavedh_n a_o very_a large_a province_n be_v 95_o german_a mile_n in_o compass_n indifferent_o fruitful_a in_o those_o part_n where_o it_o be_v not_o overgrow_v with_o wood_n it_o abound_v very_o much_o with_o cattle_n whence_o some_o say_v it_o have_v its_o name_n smala_n signify_v cattle_n which_o be_v export_v hence_o in_o great_a number_n into_o denmark_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o germany_n and_o holland_n in_o it_o there_o be_v very_o many_o lake_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v bolm_n viostez_n moklen_n and_o asnan_n rivers_z likewise_o not_o a_o few_o as_o nyssea_n laga_n helga_n marboa_n aem_n etc._n etc._n this_o country_n be_v cut_v out_o into_o several_a division_n or_o territory_n the_o principal_a of_o which_o be_v tieherad_n verendia_fw-la which_o be_v say_v ancient_o to_o have_v have_v distinct_a law_n of_o its_o own_o tiustia_n finheidia_n and_o mauringia_n etc._n etc._n it_o abound_v with_o several_a mine_n as_o of_o copper_n and_o lead_n and_o in_o some_o part_n with_o great_a store_n of_o iron_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o their_o lake_n and_o rivers_n city_n here_o be_v 1._o calmar_n who_o name_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v give_v to_o it_o by_o the_o german_n from_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n which_o blow_v from_o the_o baltic_a sea_n here_o be_v a_o very_a convenient_a port_n frequent_v by_o our_o english_a merchant_n and_o some_o of_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o year_n 1230_o ericus_n king_n of_o denmark_n norway_n and_o swedland_n institute_v thirteen_o prebendary_n in_o this_o city_n and_o order_v that_o the_o cathedral_n church_n here_o shall_v have_v the_o privilege_n of_o a_o ecclesiastical_a college_n it_o be_v at_o present_a govern_v by_o one_o superintendent_n who_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n have_v a_o place_n in_o the_o public_a consistory_n of_o the_o kingdom_n this_o city_n be_v sometime_o under_o the_o power_n of_o john_n king_n of_o denmark_n and_o christiern_n the_o second_o who_o succeed_v he_o but_o not_o long_o after_o regain_v by_o the_o swede_n in_o the_o year_n 1611_o christianus_n the_o four_o king_n of_o denmark_n take_v this_o city_n put_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n but_o two_o year_n after_o it_o be_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o ratification_n of_o peace_n make_v betwixt_o the_o northern_a crown_n restore_v to_o the_o swede_n in_o the_o year_n 1647_o it_o be_v almost_o quite_o consume_v by_o fire_n not_o above_o sixty_o house_n leave_v stand_v in_o the_o whole_a city_n but_o since_o that_o be_v very_o handsome_o rebuilt_a and_o at_o present_a by_o reason_n of_o its_o commodious_a situation_n upon_o the_o baltic_a a_o very_a considerable_a trade-town_n 2._o jenecoepia_n or_o jenecoep_v situate_a in_o a_o vale_n near_o the_o lake_n veter_fw-la build_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o wood_n a_o city_n quite_o naked_a and_o easy_a of_o access_n it_o be_v report_v that_o ancient_o the_o house_n of_o this_o city_n be_v cover_v on_o the_o outside_n not_o with_o thatch_n or_o stone_n but_o with_o a_o sort_n of_o courser_n cloth_n or_o canvas_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n think_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o handsomeness_n m._n heberer_n in_o his_o itinerary_a report_n that_o when_o he_o come_v to_o this_o city_n he_o find_v a_o great_a number_n of_o very_o large_a serpent_n which_o be_v keep_v tame_a by_o the_o citizen_n and_o though_o they_o be_v familiar_o admit_v into_o their_o house_n yet_o never_o do_v they_o any_o injury_n whether_o or_o no_o they_o use_v to_o eat_v they_o as_o the_o indian_n be_v say_v to_o do_v at_o this_o day_n be_v not_o by_o he_o set_v down_o though_o it_o be_v probable_a they_o do_v not_o feed_v they_o in_o their_o house_n for_o no_o other_o end_n then_o to_o sport_n with_o 3._o vexio_n a_o bishop_n see_v where_o some_o of_o the_o first_o planter_n of_o christianity_n as_o be_v say_v lie_v bury_v 4._o ekesio_n and_o 5._o vesterwick_n 3._o oelandia_n a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a island_n lie_v in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n divide_v from_o smalandia_n by_o a_o very_a narrow_a bay_n in_o it_o be_v cattle_n as_o ox_n horse_n etc._n etc._n bird_n also_o and_o wild-beast_n in_o great_a plenty_n and_o beside_o the_o fort_n call_v barkholme_n or_o bornholme_n two_o and_o thirty_o parish_n in_o all_o this_o island_n be_v by_o the_o dane_n yield_v up_o to_o gustavus_n adolphus_n a_o 1613._o see_v more_o concern_v it_o among_o the_o accessional_a province_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n 4._o scania_n or_o schonen_fw-mi a_o province_n abound_v with_o corn_n beast_n bird_n and_o all_o other_o commodity_n of_o life_n here_o several_a mine_n of_o silver_n lead_v iron_n etc._n etc._n be_v say_v to_o be_v labour_v and_o their_o metal_n to_o be_v hence_o transport_v into_o other_o country_n but_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o mistake_n either_o from_o the_o confound_a of_o the_o word_n scandia_n with_o scania_n which_o be_v frequent_o do_v by_o geographer_n or_o from_o count_v that_o metal_n which_o be_v bring_v hither_o from_o the_o more_o northern_a province_n to_o come_v immediate_o from_o this_o this_o province_n a_o 1658_o be_v cede_v to_o the_o swede_n and_o a_o 1660_o confirm_v to_o they_o so_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v one_o of_o the_o new_a accession_n to_o the_o kingdom_n among_o which_o see_v a_o description_n of_o it_o 5._o blekingia_n a_o fruitful_a province_n lie_v upon_o the_o baltic_a coast_n it_o be_v give_v up_o to_o the_o swede_n a_n 1658_o and_o as_o be_v schonen_fw-mi confirm_v to_o they_o a_o 1660._o a_o large_a account_n of_o this_o province_n may_v be_v expect_v by_o and_o by_o 6._o gothlandia_n or_o gothland_n a_o island_n lie_v in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n over_o against_o ostrogothia_a about_o eighteen_o german_a mile_n in_o length_n and_o five_o or_o six_o in_o breadth_n fourteen_o mile_n from_o the_o gothick_n shore_n twenty_o from_o curland_n thirty_o from_o dantzic_n fifty_o from_o bornholme_n and_o eighty_o from_o rostock_n it_o have_v in_o it_o one_o city_n name_v wisbuy_n or_o visburg_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o island_n when_o it_o be_v under_o the_o danish_a
serve_v for_o a_o good_a landmark_n to_o the_o seaman_n that_o sail_v along_o this_o dangerous_a shore_n this_o church_n be_v first_o build_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n by_o king_n eric_n barn_n who_o st._n ansgar_n have_v convert_v to_o christianity_n about_o the_o year_n 848._o near_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n after_o upon_o the_o reclaim_n of_o the_o dane_n from_o the_o idolatry_n they_o be_v relapse_v into_o this_o church_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o cathedral_n and_o ripen_v make_v a_o bishop_n see_v as_o it_o have_v continue_v ever_o since_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o university_n at_o ripen_v but_o come_v far_o short_a of_o that_o at_o copenhagen_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n and_o great_a town_n of_o moment_n in_o this_o diocese_n be_v 1._o kolding_n first_o build_v by_o eric_n glip_v about_o the_o year_n 1268_o in_o the_o place_n of_o a_o old_a castle_n of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o fortify_v with_o such_o strong_a wall_n and_o good_a ditch_n as_o make_v it_o a_o city_n able_a to_o defend_v the_o frontier_n of_o the_o danish_a dominion_n which_o in_o those_o day_n reach_v no_o further_a south_n than_o this_o place_n but_o they_o that_o think_v kolding_n have_v its_o name_n from_o ptolomy_n chali_n who_o seem_v to_o be_v place_v in_o this_o part_n of_o jutland_n make_v it_o a_o city_n much_o more_o ancient_a christian_n iii_o be_v so_o much_o take_v with_o the_o situation_n of_o it_o and_o plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o country_n adjoin_v that_o he_o remove_v his_o court_n to_o the_o castle_n arnsburgh_n which_o hang_v over_o the_o town_n which_o he_o repair_v and_o in_o which_o he_o end_v his_o day_n on_o the_o south_n the_o city_n be_v wash_v by_o a_o river_n which_o divide_v the_o northern_a jutland_n from_o the_o southern_a and_o separate_v itself_o into_o two_o branch_n be_v empty_v soon_o after_o into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n the_o bridge_n over_o this_o river_n bring_v yearly_o a_o great_a treasure_n into_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n coffer_n for_o beside_o the_o impost_n upon_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o commodity_n for_o every_o ox_n or_o horse_n that_o pass_v this_o bridge_n towards_o holstein_n or_o any_o of_o the_o hans_n town_n the_o owner_n pay_v a_o rixdollar_n which_o consider_v the_o infinite_a number_n of_o horse_n and_o kine_n which_o be_v yearly_o send_v this_o way_n out_o of_o the_o northern_a jutland_n must_v needs_o amount_v to_o a_o vast_a revenue_n 2._o we_o will_v a_o compact_n neat_a and_o well_o build_v city_n on_o the_o baltic_a shore_n but_o not_o very_o large_a 3._o ward_n 4._o rinkope_v both_o seat_v near_o the_o western-shore_n upon_o the_o same_o river_n 5._o holstebro_fw-la 6._o lemwick_n which_o be_v the_o outmost_a bound_n of_o the_o bishopric_n of_o ripen_v northward_o seat_v on_o the_o limfiord_n whence_o it_o have_v its_o name_n at_o jell_v a_o small_a village_n in_o this_o bishopric_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n we_o will_v be_v to_o be_v see_v one_o of_o the_o most_o famon_n runic_a monument_n that_o the_o three_o northern_a kingdom_n afford_v this_o village_n be_v say_v to_o have_v have_v its_o name_n from_o one_o elling_n a_o general_n of_o the_o cimbrian_o and_o fancy_v to_o have_v be_v the_o seat_n of_o several_a danish_a king_n the_o inscription_n have_v be_v think_v worthy_a the_o diligent_a enquiry_n of_o jos_n scaliger_n bonaventura_n vulcanius_n lindenbrogius_fw-la stephanius_n and_o wormius_n and_o may_v therefore_o just_o challenge_v a_o place_n in_o our_o description_n of_o this_o province_n the_o word_n be_v these_o haralter_n kunugr_n bad_a kaurva_fw-la kubl_n dausi_fw-la eft_o gurm_n fadur_v sin_n aug_n eft_o thiurni_n mudur_fw-fr sinasa_fw-la haraltr_n kesor_fw-la van_fw-mi tanmaurk_n alla_fw-mi aug_fw-mi nurvieg_n aug_n tini_fw-la folk_n kristno_n i._n e._n harald_n the_o king_n command_v this_o tomb_n to_o be_v build_v in_o remembrance_n of_o gormo_n his_o father_n and_o thyra_n his_o mother_n harald_n the_o emperor_n win_v denmark_n and_o all_o norway_n and_o christen_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o both_o kingdom_n how_o worthy_a queen_n thyra_n be_v of_o such_o a_o last_a monument_n as_o this_o we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o and_o shall_v in_o this_o place_n only_o take_v notice_n of_o king_n harald_n style_v himself_n kesor_n or_o emperor_n of_o denmark_n and_o norway_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v do_v in_o contempt_n of_o the_o emperor_n otho_n the_o first_o who_o have_v conquer_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n annex_v this_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o write_v himself_o emperor_n of_o the_o north_n till_o this_o king_n harald_n blaatand_n force_v he_o to_o retire_v and_o make_v he_o part_v with_o not_o only_o whatever_o he_o have_v take_v in_o jutland_n but_o a_o great_a part_n of_o saxony_n after_o so_o great_a a_o conquest_n and_o defeat_n of_o so_o mighty_a a_o emperor_n he_o have_v reason_n to_o assume_v a_o title_n as_o swell_v as_o ever_o otho_n can_v pretend_v to_o who_o come_v no_o further_o than_o othesundt_fw-mi with_o his_o army_n especial_o if_o it_o be_v true_a what_o helmoldus_n report_v of_o he_o that_o he_o be_v so_o far_o king_n of_o saxony_n as_o to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o those_o law_n which_o be_v to_o this_o day_n observe_v in_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a saxony_n and_o contain_v in_o their_o saxon-spiegel_n southern_a jutland_n the_o southern_a jutland_n which_o be_v often_o comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o sleswic_n reach_v from_o kolding_n and_o the_o river_n leewens_n aa_n as_o far_o as_o the_o dannewirk_n which_o be_v reckon_v about_o eighteen_o german_a mile_n the_o breadth_n of_o it_o do_v not_o anywhere_o exceed_v eight_o seldom_o six_o mile_n the_o chief_a city_n sleswic_n sleswic_n which_o sometime_o give_v name_n to_o the_o whole_a province_n be_v sleswic_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o a_o river_n or_o rather_o a_o small_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n de_fw-fr slye_n so_o that_o sleswic_n be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o village_n call_v ancient_o by_o the_o saxon_n wic_n by_o the_o hollander_n to_o this_o day_n wiick_n and_o the_o latin_n vicus_n upon_o the_o slye_n hence_o the_o ancient_a people_n of_o these_o part_n be_v call_v by_o ptolemy_n sigulones_n which_o some_o read_v slieuâ—nes_n i.e._n wooner_n or_o dweller_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o sly_a adam_n bremensis_n call_v the_o town_n slias-wig_a and_o ethelwerd_v a_o ancient_a english-saxon_a historian_n give_v we_o this_o account_n of_o it_o anglia_fw-it vetus_fw-la sita_fw-la est_fw-la inter_fw-la saxones_n &_o giotos_n habens_fw-la oppidum_fw-la capitale_n quod_fw-la sermone_fw-la saxonico_n sleswic_n nuncupatur_fw-la secundum_fw-la danos_n vero_fw-la haithaby_n i._n e._n old_a england_n lie_v between_o saxony_n and_o jutland_n the_o metropolis_n of_o which_o be_v call_v by_o the_o saxon_n sleswic_n but_o by_o the_o dane_n haithaby_n in_o a_o old_a history_n of_o the_o life_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a it_o be_v call_v sliestorff_n it_o have_v its_o danish_a name_n haitheby_o say_v pontanus_n from_o hetha_n a_o certain_a queen_n of_o denmark_n which_o assertion_n seem_v confirm_v by_o a_o passage_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o king_n aelfred_n english-saxon_a translation_n of_o orosius_n and_o of_o scipinge_n heal_v he_o cÆ¿aeþ_n ê§_n he_o seglode_v on_o fif_n dagan_a to_o þem_v porte_fw-fr þe_fw-fr mon_fw-fr haetaet_fw-la haeðh_n um_o se_fw-mi stint_v betÆ¿uh_o winedum_o &_o seaxum_n &_o angle_n &_o hyrðh_n in_o on_o dene_fw-mi i.e._n and_o from_o sciringes-heal_a he_o say_v that_o he_o sail_v in_o five_o day_n to_o the_o port_n which_o be_v call_v haethe_n which_o stand_v between_o the_o vandal_n vinedi_fw-la saxon_n and_o the_o angle_n to_o who_o it_o be_v subject_a it_o be_v questionless_a heretofore_o a_o city_n much_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n from_o britain_n france_n spain_n flanders_n and_o all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o trade_a world_n adam_n bremensis_n who_o live_v about_o the_o year_n 1100_o call_v it_o civitatem_fw-la opulentissimam_fw-la ac_fw-la populosissimam_fw-la i.e._n a_o city_n exceed_v rich_a and_o populous_a and_o so_o it_o must_v needs_o have_v be_v for_o before_o mariner_n learn_v perfect_o the_o way_n of_o shun_v the_o dangerous_a sand_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o jutland_n and_o at_o the_o entrance_n into_o the_o baltic_a carriage_n be_v usual_o bring_v up_o the_o eidor_n and_o threan_a as_o far_o as_o holl_v by_o ship_n and_o thence_o convey_v by_o land_n to_o sleswic_n where_o they_o be_v again_o ship_v and_o so_o transport_v into_o zeeland_n sweden_n etc._n etc._n the_o citizen_n here_o be_v first_o convert_v to_o christianity_n and_o the_o great_a church_n build_v by_o king_n eric_n barn_n assist_v by_o st._n anchar_n about_o the_o year_n 800._o not_o long_o after_o in_o the_o year_n 1064_o the_o slavonian_n make_v incursion_n into_o this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n
in_o they_o and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v not_o insist_v much_o upon_o the_o credit_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o relator_n however_o the_o testimony_n we_o have_v from_o irenaeus_n and_o tertullian_n be_v unquestionable_a and_o both_o of_o they_o mention_v the_o german_a church_n so_o that_o we_o be_v sure_a that_o so_o much_o at_o least_o of_o germany_n as_o be_v make_v subject_a to_o the_o roman_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o true_a church_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o second_o century_n since_o irenaeus_n commend_v the_o orthodox_n opinion_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n the_o fable_n of_o st._n ursula_n and_o her_o 11000_o companion_n be_v ridiculous_a and_o be_v first_o contrive_v in_o the_o twelve_o century_n the_o roman_a martyrologer_n begin_v now_o to_o be_v ashamed_a of_o the_o story_n and_o therefore_o in_o their_o red_a letter_v calendar_n instead_o of_o vndecem_fw-la mille_fw-la virgin_n they_o write_v ursula_n cum_fw-la sociis_fw-la being_n loath_a to_o defraud_v the_o church_n of_o a_o holiday_n yet_o unwilling_a to_o impose_v such_o a_o palpable_a and_o incredible_a lie_n upon_o the_o commonalty_n it_o be_v certain_a there_o be_v two_o german_a bishop_n present_a at_o a_o council_n hold_v by_o constantine_n the_o great_a in_o the_o year_n 314._o but_o all_o this_o prove_v no_o more_o than_o that_o germania_n prima_fw-la and_o secunda_fw-la which_o be_v in_o those_o day_n two_o roman_a province_n be_v convert_v to_o christianity_n in_o the_o eight_o century_n many_o of_o our_o english_a divine_v be_v send_v over_o into_o germany_n by_o egbert_n archbishop_n of_o york_n to_o convert_v the_o infidel_n in_o that_o country_n among_o who_o the_o chief_a be_v willibrod_o bishop_n of_o vtrecht_n willibald_a bishop_n of_o aichstat_n swibert_n of_o verdin_n willibald_n of_o bremen_n and_o winifrid_n who_o for_o his_o good_a deed_n get_v the_o surname_n of_o boniface_n archbishop_n of_o mentz_n the_o last_o of_o these_o prove_v most_o fortunate_a in_o 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make_v a_o good_a market_n if_o luther_n have_v not_o appear_v against_o he_o but_o he_o upon_o the_o first_o noise_n of_o this_o business_n first_o protest_v against_o these_o proceed_n and_o afterward_o public_o oppose_v they_o this_o be_v a_o strange_a surprise_n to_o the_o popish_a agent_n who_o warn_v he_o under_o the_o penalty_n of_o be_v otherwise_o for_o ever_o excommunicate_v and_o condemn_v for_o a_o heretic_n to_o reclaim_v his_o error_n and_o suffer_v his_o holiness_n work_n to_o go_v on_o but_o martin_n be_v too_o stout_a to_o be_v discourage_v with_o threat_n or_o great_a word_n nay_o they_o serve_v only_o to_o provoke_v he_o the_o more_o in_o wittenberg_n and_o leipsic_n he_o immediate_o proclaim_v war_n against_o all_o that_o shall_v pretend_v to_o assert_v the_o pope_n power_n of_o grant_v pardon_n and_o indulgence_n several_a dispute_n be_v hold_v by_o he_o and_o he_o convert_v in_o the_o university_n at_o leipsic_n against_o the_o popish_a party_n who_o when_o their_o argument_n will_v not_o reclaim_v he_o brand_v he_o with_o the_o name_n of_o heretic_n and_o forbid_v any_o to_o hear_v he_o under_o the_o pain_n of_o excommunication_n but_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n protection_n counterpoise_v these_o randes_z and_o how_o successful_a luther_n prove_v upon_o this_o encouragement_n be_v well_o enough_o know_v to_o the_o world_n this_o elector_n be_v quick_o follow_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o brunswic_n and_o lunenberg_n wirtenberg_n mecklenberg_n and_o pomeren_n with_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n landtgrave_n of_o hassia_n and_o most_o of_o the_o imperial_a city_n these_o all_o joint_o give_v in_o a_o protestation_n contain_v certain_a point_n in_o which_o they_o have_v dissent_v from_o the_o ordinary_a tenant_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n to_o the_o imperial_a chamber_n at_o spire_n in_o the_o year_n 1529_o from_o which_o time_n they_o have_v the_o name_n of_o protestant_n the_o year_n follow_v they_o deliver_v in_o a_o 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be_v well_o please_v to_o see_v the_o reformer_n jar_v among_o themselves_o they_o meet_v at_o marpurg_n in_o hessen_n to_o try_v if_o they_o can_v possible_o determine_v the_o controversy_n betwixt_o they_o but_o break_v of_o without_o any_o agreement_n upon_o this_o open_a war_n be_v proclaim_v between_o they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o sacramentarian_o and_o vbiquitarian_n however_o luther_n credit_n still_o increase_v in_o saxony_n and_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o duke_n before_o mention_v and_o zuinglius_fw-la be_v in_o as_o great_a request_n in_o switzerland_n john_n calvin_n succeed_v zuinglius_fw-la in_o his_o place_n at_o zurich_n add_v several_a new_a opinion_n touch_v predestination_n freewill_n final_a perseverance_n etc._n etc._n of_o his_o own_o to_o the_o doctrine_n preach_v by_o his_o predecessor_n this_o enlarge_v the_o breach_n between_o the_o lutheran_n and_o calvinist_n for_o so_o the_o zwinglians_n be_v now_o call_v and_o make_v they_o irreconcilable_a enemy_n but_o notwithstanding_o the_o bad_a language_n which_o calvin_n follower_n
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account_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a person_n which_o lie_v bury_v in_o that_o church_n which_o begin_v thus_o alse_a man_n schreff_a na_fw-fr god_n gebordt_fw-ge 861_o hefft_fw-mi hertogg_fw-mi danckquarth_n though_o sassen_n erstlik_a dusse_n borch_n bemuhret_v unde_fw-la danckquarderode_n geheten_v unde_fw-la nomen_fw-la latin_a i._n e._n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 861_o danckquarth_n duke_n of_o saxony_n first_o wall_v in_o this_o castle_n and_o call_v it_o danckquarderode_n or_o tanquard's-cross_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o story_n we_o find_v in_o most_o german_a chronologer_n of_o note_n who_o treat_v of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o place_n for_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o bruno_n and_o tanquard_n son_n of_o ludolph_n duke_n of_o saxony_n be_v the_o first_o founder_n of_o this_o town_n which_o from_o the_o former_a be_v call_v brunswic_n the_o latter_a only_o give_v name_n to_o the_o castle_n since_o that_o time_n this_o city_n have_v be_v continual_o augment_v 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it_o be_v last_n of_o all_o besiege_a by_o the_o present_a duke_n rudolphus_n augustus_n who_o take_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1671._o since_o which_o time_n he_o have_v take_v care_n to_o be_v very_o often_o resident_a in_o the_o town_n and_o always_o at_o his_o departure_n to_o leave_v behind_o he_o a_o strong_a guard_n the_o chief_a trade_n of_o this_o city_n be_v in_o hides_n and_o mum._n trade_n trade_n the_o tanner_n have_v skin_n out_o of_o england_n denmark_n and_o other_o nation_n which_o they_o return_v dress_v their_o mom_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n one_o whereof_o be_v of_o a_o thin_a and_o weak_a body_n the_o ordinary_a drink_n of_o the_o citizen_n and_o neighbour_a rustic_n the_o other_o which_o they_o call_v ship-mum_a be_v a_o much_o clammier_n and_o grosser_n liquor_n brew_v on_o purpose_n to_o be_v transport_v into_o foreign_a nation_n this_o kind_n of_o drink_n which_o be_v scarce_o potable_a before_o it_o have_v be_v putrify_v by_o work_v at_o sea_n be_v make_v of_o 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guelphian_a family_n the_o termination_n of_o the_o word_n in_o this_o as_o many_o other_o name_n of_o city_n and_o great_a town_n in_o germany_n denote_v a_o moist_a and_o watery_a situation_n such_o as_o this_o town_n have_v and_o which_o contribute_v very_o much_o to_o its_o strength_n and_o security_n 2._o the_o city_n or_o henrich-stadt_a so_o call_v from_o duke_n henry_n the_o young_a its_o founder_n the_o only_a remarkable_a thing_n in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o town_n be_v the_o new_a church_n which_o some_o italian_n and_o many_o other_o foreigner_n if_o we_o believe_v the_o citizen_n have_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o most_o admirable_a piece_n of_o architecture_n in_o a_o vault_n under_o the_o choir_n lie_v bury_v one_o and_o twenty_o duke_n and_o duchess_n of_o brunswic_n wrap_v up_o in_o coffin_n of_o lead_n with_o inscription_n in_o the_o duke_n palace_n the_o most_o remarkable_a thing_n be_v braunswick_n &_o meydburg_n come_v caeteris_fw-la adiacentibus_fw-la apud_fw-la janssonio_n waesbergios_fw-la mosem_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanum_n swart_a ducatus_fw-la brunsvicensis_fw-la accuratissime_fw-la discriptio_fw-la apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a mosem_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanum_n swart_a his_o son_n and_o successor_n duke_n rudolphus_n augustus_n keep_v now_o his_o residence_n at_o wulfenbuttel_n a_o mild_a learned_a and_o religious_a prince_n follow_v the_o step_n of_o his_o father_n rather_o in_o his_o study_n then_o in_o act_n of_o chivalry_n he_o have_v no_o male_a issue_n but_o be_v like_a to_o be_v succeed_v by_o some_o of_o the_o son_n of_o his_o brother_n antony_n vlric_n the_o elder_a whereof_o be_v slay_v at_o the_o late_a siege_n of_o maestricht_n iii_o helmstadt_n which_o city_n be_v reckon_v the_o old_a in_o saxony_n next_o bardewic_n it_o be_v build_v by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a about_o a._n d._n 782_o and_o so_o name_v from_o the_o abundance_n of_o elm-tree_n that_o encompass_v it_o here_o st._n ludger_n who_o be_v send_v into_o these_o part_n by_o the_o forementioned_a emperor_n to_o convert_v the_o infidel_n saxon_n preach_v and_o the_o citizen_n pretend_v to_o show_v traveller_n the_o
the_o reader_n for_o the_o terra_fw-la sigillata_fw-la find_v here_o in_o great_a quantity_n reichenbach_n polckenhahn_n landeshut_n freyberg_n friedberg_n fridland_n zobten_n waldberg_n and_o gottesberg_n 3._o brieg_n brieg_n brieg_n or_o brig_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o polish_v word_n berega_n which_o signify_v a_o exceed_a high_a bank_n of_o a_o river_n such_o as_o this_o city_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o street_n here_o be_v uniform_a enough_o and_o the_o house_n general_o build_v of_o stone_n st._n nicholas_n church_n be_v a_o high_a and_o stately_a old_a fabric_n beautify_v with_o two_o tower_n and_o build_v after_o the_o ancient_a franckish_a mode_n this_o whole_a city_n except_v only_o some_o few_o public_a building_n be_v lay_v in_o ash_n by_o the_o hussites_n who_o overrun_v a_o great_a part_n of_o bohemia_n and_o silesia_n in_o the_o year_n 1428._o in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o brieg_n be_v reckon_v the_o town_n of_o strelen_n olau_n nimptsch_n pitschen_n creutzburg_n loben_n michelau_n and_o little_a oelsse_n the_o two_o mine-town_n of_o reichenstein_n and_o silberberg_n be_v joint_o subject_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o brieg_n and_o lignitz_n who_o be_v both_o of_o the_o same_o family_n and_o descend_v from_o the_o ancient_a hereditary_a king_n of_o poland_n 4._o monsterberg_n monsterberg_n monsterberg_n or_o munsterberg_n so_o call_v from_o the_o monastery_n build_v in_o this_o place_n by_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o first_o the_o founder_n of_o this_o city_n be_v seat_v not_o far_o from_o the_o head_n of_o the_o river_n ola_n in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a plain_n the_o town_n be_v neither_o large_a nor_o strong_a and_o have_v nothing_o in_o it_o of_o note_n but_o the_o school_n a_o old_a castle_n and_o a_o fair_a town-hall_n in_o this_o dukedom_n be_v the_o town_n of_o franckenstein_n and_o warta_n to_o which_o some_o historian_n and_o geographer_n be_v please_v to_o add_v hainrichau_n tepliwoda_n and_o kamentz_n 5._o oppelen_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o sandy_a and_o dry_a oppelen_n oppelen_n but_o fruitful_a country_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n who_o prevail_v with_o the_o emperor_n to_o withdraw_v all_o his_o force_n and_o subject_n hence_o in_o the_o year_n 1647._o since_o which_o time_n the_o citizen_n of_o oppelen_n and_o all_o the_o rustic_n in_o the_o village_n near_o it_o speak_v the_o polish_v language_n if_o strong_a gate_n and_o thick_a wall_n be_v proof_n against_o modern_a siege_n this_o town_n be_v sufficient_o provide_v against_o the_o assault_n of_o a_o enemy_n but_o otherwise_o its_o fortification_n be_v very_o mean_a and_o inconsiderable_a among_o the_o many_o town_n and_o village_n in_o this_o dukedom_n the_o most_o remarkable_a be_v little_a glogaw_n neustat_n kosel_n beudten_n gleibitz_fw-fr tost_n strehlitz_n falckenberg_n zultz_n rosenberg_n lublinitz_n and_o schurgast_n ix_o the_o city_n and_o dukedom_n of_o grotkaw_n jegerndorf_n troppau_n ratibor_n and_o teschen_n crotkaw_n be_v a_o city_n of_o no_o great_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d bulk_n as_o its_o name_n seem_v to_o intimate_v but_o so_o well_o seat_v that_o it_o be_v a_o proverb_n in_o this_o country_n it_o be_v as_o impossible_a as_o for_o a_o grotkawer_n to_o starve_v or_o freeze_v the_o reason_n of_o which_o expression_n be_v ground_v upon_o each_o burger_n have_v a_o plentiful_a share_n in_o the_o adjacent_a cornfield_n and_o neighbour_a wood_n most_o of_o the_o house_n in_o the_o town_n be_v wood-building_n only_o the_o church_n bishop_n palace_n and_o the_o town-hall_n be_v of_o stone_n the_o dukedom_n of_o grotkaw_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n though_o sometime_o its_o lieutenant_n be_v a_o polander_n and_o contain_v in_o it_o the_o city_n of_o neisse_n a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n otmachau_n wansen_n ziegenhals_n freywald_n hozenplotz_n jawernick_n kaltenstein_n patschkau_n oy_a weidau_n and_o zackmantel_n the_o great_a trade_n of_o this_o country_n especial_o the_o citizen_n of_o neisse_n be_v in_o make_v and_o sell_v to_o the_o merchant_n of_o bohemia_n and_o poland_n a_o sort_n of_o strong_a and_o durable_a linnen-cloth_n for_o bed_n and_o bolster_n 2._o jagerndorf_n jagerndorf_n jagerndorf_n which_o signify_v in_o the_o german_a language_n a_o village_n inhabit_v by_o huntsman_n and_o have_v its_o name_n probable_o from_o the_o abundance_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o game_n in_o the_o neighbour_a wood_n the_o moravian_o call_v this_o town_n carnowf_n whence_o the_o dukedom_n be_v ordinary_o by_o latin_a author_n name_v ducatus_fw-la carnoviensis_fw-la and_o a_o citizen_n of_o this_o place_n carnowfsky_n from_o the_o ancient_a arm_n of_o the_o city_n which_o be_v a_o pair_n of_o horn_n between_o two_o great_a stone_n this_o city_n with_o the_o small_a dukedom_n which_o bear_v its_o name_n be_v give_v by_o ludowic_n king_n of_o hungary_n and_o bohemia_n to_o george_n marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n who_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o build_v the_o castle_n and_o erect_v the_o other_o little_a fortification_n that_o defend_v the_o town_n ducatus_fw-la silesiae_fw-la grotganus_fw-la cum_fw-la districtu_fw-la episcopali_fw-la nissensi_fw-la to_o john_n nicholls_n esq_n of_o trewane_n in_o cornwall_n this_o map_n be_v humble_o dedicate_v by_o moses_n pitt_n notularum_fw-la explicatio_fw-la vrbs_fw-la arx_n pagus_n cum_fw-la templo_fw-la pagus_n nobilis_fw-la pagus_n episcopalis_fw-la commenda_fw-la comitatus_fw-la glatz_n notae_fw-la vrbs_fw-la oppidum_n pagus_n cum_fw-la templo_fw-la vicus_n arx_n auri_fw-la et_fw-fr argenti_fw-la fordinae_fw-la mons_fw-la notabilis_fw-la kohloruben_n holtz_n fluesse_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o and_o all_o other_o town_n and_o village_n in_o the_o dukedom_n observe_v the_o same_o law_n with_o the_o moravian_o for_o which_o reason_n the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o have_v often_o endeavour_v to_o associate_v themselves_o to_o the_o marquisate_n of_o moravia_n and_o renounce_v all_o dependence_n upon_o the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o silesia_n but_o have_v always_o be_v oppose_v by_o the_o citizen_n of_o troppau_n who_o have_v still_o be_v zealous_a to_o continue_v member_n of_o their_o ancient_a body_n 4._o ratibor_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a plain_a about_o six_o german_a mile_n from_o oppelen_n we_o have_v no_o account_n of_o it_o before_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1164_o so_o that_o most_o geographer_n venture_v to_o say_v that_o it_o be_v build_v about_o that_o time_n the_o private_a dwell_a house_n of_o the_o citizen_n be_v as_o in_o most_o part_n of_o silesia_n general_o wooden_a building_n but_o the_o duke_n palace_n cathedral_n and_o some_o other_o public_a building_n be_v of_o stone_n there_o be_v still_o in_o the_o city_n one_o popish_a monastery_n and_o former_o the_o jesuit_n have_v a_o great_a foot_n in_o it_o but_o since_o the_o reformation_n that_o sort_n of_o cattle_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o their_o harbour_n the_o dukedom_n of_o ratibor_n which_o contain_v the_o town_n of_o oderberg_n sora_n ribenick_n pilzowitz_n and_o mieslowitz_n be_v former_o govern_v by_o a_o duke_n of_o its_o own_o but_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o duke_n valentinus_n its_o last_a prince_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n in_o the_o year_n 1516_o it_o become_v more_o immediate_o subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n 5._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d teschen_n or_o tessin_n be_v one_o of_o the_o old_a city_n in_o silesia_n say_v to_o have_v be_v build_v by_o cessimir_n or_o gessimir_n son_n of_o lescus_n iii_o duke_n of_o poland_n a._n d._n 810_o and_o from_o he_o to_o have_v have_v its_o first_o name_n which_o have_v since_o be_v corrupt_v into_o tessin_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o confine_n of_o silesia_n moravia_n poland_n and_o hungary_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o its_o citizen_n speak_v a_o medley_n of_o language_n hardly_o intelligible_a to_o any_o but_o themselves_o they_o have_v here_o great_a store_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o venison_n and_o wild_a fowl_n the_o vistula_n and_o elsa_n afford_v they_o plenty_n of_o fish_n and_o the_o hungarian_a merchant_n bring_v they_o in_o daily_o vast_a quantity_n of_o wine_n fruit_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o that_o country_n at_o one_o of_o their_o church_n they_o have_v weekly_o divine_a service_n and_o a_o sermon_n in_o the_o bohemian_a language_n and_o at_o another_o the_o like_a in_o high_a dutch_a for_o of_o these_o two_o nation_n the_o burgher_n chief_o consist_v here_o be_v brew_v beer_n of_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o with_o wheat_n and_o the_o other_o with_o ordinary_a barley_n malt_n the_o latter_a of_o these_o they_o call_v matznotz_n a_o sort_n of_o drink_n pleasant_a enough_o but_o mighty_a strong_a and_o heady_a which_o too_o often_o on_o their_o market-day_n make_v the_o poor_a rustic_n commit_v several_a outrage_n and_o disorder_n in_o the_o height_n of_o their_o jollity_n in_o this_o dukedom_n there_o be_v several_a high_a mountain_n whereof_o two_o row_v be_v more_o especial_o remarkable_a and_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o geographer_n and_o historian_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v those_o on_o the_o
suedes_o at_o the_o treaty_n 1616_o of_o stolbow_n the_o grand_a tzar_n quit_v the_o title_n of_o this_o country_n to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n vodska_n or_o votska_n thirty_o league_n north_n of_o novogorod_n vodska_n vodska_n upon_o its_o left_a hand_n be_v the_o strong_a castle_n of_o ivanogorod_n surrender_v to_o the_o swede_n by_o the_o same_o treaty_n as_o well_o as_o the_o town_n jamagrod_v and_o augdow_n and_o the_o castle_n coporia_n noteburg_n and_o kexholm_n they_o say_v that_o all_o the_o beast_n that_o be_v bring_v into_o this_o province_n turn_v white_a the_o inhabitant_n have_v a_o language_n proper_a to_o themselves_o woskopitin_n be_v by_o some_o author_n place_v between_o kexholm_n and_o noteburg_n woskopitin_n woskopitin_n a_o large_a and_o fruitful_a province_n both_o for_o corn_n and_o cattle_n but_o so_o pester_v with_o lake_n and_o marsh_n that_o it_o be_v very_o little_o frequent_v and_o the_o name_n scarce_o know_v bieleiezioro_n bieleiozioro_n bieleiozioro_n situate_v upon_o a_o lake_n of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o signification_n i.e._n the_o white_a lake_n which_o lake_n be_v thirteen_o league_n long_o and_o as_o many_o broad_a and_o furnish_v only_o one_o river_n call_v sosna_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o wolga_n in_o this_o lake_n be_v a_o castle_n both_o for_o natural_a and_o artisicial_a strength_n account_v impregnable_a whither_o in_o time_n of_o danger_n the_o prince_n have_v send_v their_o treasure_n and_o themselves_o also_o retire_v the_o whole_a province_n be_v full_a of_o wood_n and_o lake_n that_o except_o when_o they_o be_v hard_o freeze_v it_o be_v not_o easy_o passable_a near_o this_o lake_n be_v another_o small_a lake_n that_o produce_v sulphur_n i_o rather_o suppose_v naphtha_n or_o petroleum_n swim_v like_o froth_n or_o oil_n upon_o the_o water_n this_o be_v say_v to_o be_v first_o possess_v by_o sinaus_n varegus_n who_o brother_n truvor_v settle_v in_o pskouvia_n and_o runiz_n in_o novogardia_n these_o three_o be_v by_o the_o russes_z look_v upon_o as_o the_o founder_n of_o their_o nation_n vologda_n be_v the_o only_a city_n in_o all_o the_o grand_a tzars_n dominion_n that_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o stone-wall_n vologda_fw-la vologda_fw-la and_o for_o its_o strength_n the_o emperor_n be_v wont_a in_o time_n of_o danger_n to_o secure_v here_o part_n of_o his_o treasure_n it_o be_v as_o the_o rest_n of_o those_o westerly_a and_o northerly_a province_n much_o encumber_a with_o wood_n and_o marsh_n many_o of_o which_o be_v except_o in_o winter_n utter_o unpassable_a it_o be_v situate_v upon_o the_o river_n waga_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o dwina_n and_o it_o together_o with_o all_o the_o province_n mention_v since_o dwina_n belong_v to_o the_o duchy_n of_o novogorod_n novogorod_n call_v weliki_n or_o the_o great_a novogorod_n novogorod_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o other_o of_o that_o name_n the_o dutch_a call_v it_o nieugarten_n in_o 58_o deg_fw-la 23_o min._n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n volgda_n not_o volga_n or_o volchou_n famous_a for_o its_o bremes_n a_o little_a below_o the_o lake_n ilmin_n whilst_o it_o be_v govern_v by_o its_o own_o prince_n it_o be_v in_o so_o great_a power_n fame_n and_o wealth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a commerce_n of_o several_a nation_n there_o establish_v that_o it_o be_v proverbial_o speak_v who_o can_v do_v any_o thing_n against_o god_n and_o great_a novogorod_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o trade_n be_v the_o convenience_n of_o the_o river_n which_o be_v navigable_a from_o the_o very_a spring_n and_o the_o country_n abound_v in_o wheat_n flax_n hemp_n honey_n wax_n and_o leather_n which_o be_v better_o dress_v here_o than_o in_o any_o other_o place_n invite_v hither_o so_o many_o merchant_n from_o all_o the_o northern_a country_n and_o those_o upon_o the_o baltic_a sea_n that_o it_o be_v the_o great_a city_n of_o all_o the_o north_n for_o trade_n and_o wealth_n the_o first_o diminution_n of_o it_o be_v from_o vitold_a duke_n of_o lithvania_n who_o 1427_o oblige_a the_o city_n to_o compound_v for_o their_o peace_n at_o a_o great_a rate_n but_o ivan_n vasili_n grotsdin_n 1477_o force_v they_o to_o receive_v a_o governor_n from_o he_o but_o that_o not_o satisfy_v of_o he_o he_o go_v thither_o in_o person_n pretend_v i_o know_v not_o what_o devotion_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o city_n with_o his_o army_n he_o pillage_v it_o carrying_z away_o three_o hundred_o cart_n load_v with_o jewel_n gold_n and_o silver_n beside_o many_o more_o fill_v with_o rich_a stuff_n and_o sumptuous_a moveable_n all_o which_o he_o send_v to_o moscow_n and_o transport_v many_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n into_o other_o place_n and_o send_v muscovite_n to_o inhabit_v in_o their_o stead_n but_o their_o great_a calamity_n be_v from_o ivan_n vasilowich_n in_o 1569_o who_o upon_o a_o suspicion_n of_o their_o endeavour_v to_o revolt_v come_v hither_o with_o his_o army_n slay_v drown_v and_o trample_v to_o death_n a_o vast_a number_n of_o people_n present_o after_o this_o follow_v a_o great_a plague_n which_o bring_v so_o great_a a_o famine_n that_o they_o eat_v one_o another_o the_o tzar_n on_o this_o occasion_n pretend_v to_o punish_v their_o inhumanity_n cut_v to_o piece_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o remain_a inhabitant_n his_o barbarous_a cruelty_n here_o act_v be_v not_o sit_v to_o be_v repeat_v it_o be_v in_o 1611_o take_v by_o the_o swede_n by_o storm_n but_o at_o the_o great_a treaty_n between_o the_o two_o crown_n of_o russia_n and_o sweden_n it_o be_v agree_v to_o be_v redeliver_v to_o the_o russes_z and_o in_o their_o hand_n it_o have_v continue_v ever_o since_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o water_n be_v a_o strong_a castle_n build_v of_o stone_n join_v to_o the_o city_n by_o a_o large_a bridge_n wherein_o live_v the_o weywod_n or_o governor_n and_o the_o metropolitan_a by_o which_o two_o all_o the_o affair_n ecclesiastical_a civil_a and_o military_a in_o all_o that_o province_n be_v govern_v the_o town_n be_v encompass_v with_o a_o rampart_n of_o timber_n and_o earth_n and_o have_v a_o castle_n in_o the_o midst_n reasonable_o well_o fortify_v there_o be_v about_o a_o hundred_o monastery_n whereof_o that_o of_o st._n antony_n be_v the_o chief_a church_n and_o chapel_n which_o have_v their_o steeple_n and_o tower_n cover_v with_o copper_n gild_v the_o cathedral_n church_n be_v that_o of_o st._n sophia_n in_o the_o territory_n belong_v to_o this_o city_n stara-russa_a brunitza_n sedrowa_n and_o stara-russa_a be_v brunitza_n sedrowa_n and_o stara-russa_a which_o the_o baron_n of_o herberstein_n call_v russ_n and_o say_v it_o give_v name_n to_o all_o the_o russes_z near_o that_o town_n be_v a_o salt_n river_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v form_v into_o a_o lake_n and_o with_o conduit_n draw_v the_o salt-water_n to_o their_o house_n where_o they_o boil_v the_o salt_n with_o which_o and_o other_o commodity_n they_o drive_v a_o great_a trade_n into_o polotskow_n a_o province_n of_o poland_n the_o russes_z say_v that_o near_o to_o novogorod_n be_v the_o famous_a battle_n of_o whip_n mention_v by_o justin_n l._n 2._o and_o many_o other_o author_n wherewith_o the_o master_n return_v victorious_a after_o some_o year_n war_n conquer_v their_o slave_n who_o in_o the_o long_a time_n of_o their_o absence_n have_v seize_v upon_o their_o estate_n and_o wife_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o novogorod-money_n have_v former_o on_o one_o side_n a_o horseman_n shake_v his_o whip_n bielski_n be_v a_o province_n between_o novogorod_n and_o smolensko_n bielski_n bielski_n have_v its_o principal_a city_n and_o castle_n call_v biela_n bielha_n or_o bielow_n situate_v on_o the_o river_n osca_n this_o have_v heretofore_o a_o prince_n of_o its_o own_o subject_a to_o the_o descendants_n of_o jagellan_n duke_n of_o litvania_n till_o basilius_n prince_n of_o bielski_n fall_v off_o to_o the_o grand_a tzar_n and_o agree_v to_o pay_v he_o tribute_n it_o now_o augment_v the_o number_n of_o his_o title_n as_o do_v also_o that_o of_o rischow_n rischow_n rischow_n which_o have_v also_o a_o castle_n and_o city_n of_o that_o name_n it_o have_v also_o former_o a_o prince_n of_o its_o own_o but_o now_o be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o russ-empire_n the_o country_n be_v full_a of_o forest_n and_o lake_n particular_o here_o be_v that_o great_a forest_n of_o wolchonisky_n wherein_o arise_v the_o volga_n the_o dnieper_n the_o dwina_n and_o the_o lowat_n all_o great_a river_n near_o to_o this_o be_v woloizk_a famous_a for_o its_o white_a hare_n and_o the_o prince_n frequent_a hunt_v there_o wyelikyeluki_n a_o large_a city_n with_o a_o good_a castle_n and_o toropyecz_n a_o large_a town_n also_o and_o a_o castle_n all_o which_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o russia_n by_o surrender_n of_o their_o proper_a lord_n it_o be_v be_v near_a to_o the_o foresay_a 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o north-west_n from_o moskow_n the_o capital_a town_n
be_v it_o be_v situate_v on_o the_o river_n twertza_fw-mi which_o fall_v into_o the_o volga_n near_o this_o town_n this_o be_v a_o large_a town_n and_o have_v in_o it_o about_o sixty_o church_n the_o chief_a that_o of_o our_o saviour_n upon_o the_o same_o river_n be_v place_v torsoch_n tersack_n or_o torsiock_n a_o large_a town_n also_o the_o province_n be_v rich_a both_o in_o corn_n and_o merchandise_n very_o populous_a also_o be_v ready_a to_o furnish_v their_o prince_n with_o forty_o thousand_o good_a horse_n and_o twice_o as_o many_o foot_n here_o be_v also_o a_o mint_n and_o a_o bishop_n see_n near_o to_o these_o be_v plescow_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o which_o the_o russes_z call_v pscow_n the_o chief_a city_n have_v a_o strong_a castle_n situate_v upon_o a_o rock_n whence_o spring_v the_o river_n pskow_n which_o after_o six_o league_n discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o lake_n of_o peipis_fw-la which_o herberstein_n call_v czuezko_n or_o czudzin_n it_o be_v govern_v by_o its_o own_o prince_n till_o ivan_n vasilowitz_n 1509_o unite_a it_o to_o his_o crown_n the_o citizen_n till_o then_o be_v famous_a for_o their_o valour_n civility_n and_o honest_a deal_n in_o their_o trade_n but_o the_o grand_a duke_n transport_v they_o and_o put_v muscovite_n in_o their_o stead_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o strong_a wall_a city_n in_o all_o russia_n it_o be_v of_o so_o great_a extent_n that_o when_o besiege_v by_o stephen_n king_n of_o poland_n there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o it_o seventy_o thousand_o foot_n and_o seven_o thousand_o horse_n beside_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o garrison_n be_v it_o not_o for_o one_o ledg_n of_o rock_n the_o navigation_n from_o hence_o to_o the_o baltic_a sea_n will_v be_v very_o convenient_a and_o easy_a there_o be_v in_o this_o province_n divers_a place_n of_o strength_n which_o give_v the_o grand_a tzar_n vasilie_o great_a trouble_n to_o reduce_v they_o to_o his_o command_n south_n and_o by_o west_n of_o this_o province_n of_o novogorod_n that_o we_o dispatch_v all_o these_o territory_n that_o lie_v together_o lie_v the_o great_a city_n of_o smolensko_n smolensko_n smolensko_n belong_v ancient_o to_o litvania_n recover_v to_o that_o province_n by_o vitold_a their_o duke_n in_o 1413._o basilius_n the_o grand_a tzar_n make_v several_a attempt_n to_o recover_v it_o but_o in_o vain_a till_o his_o belove_a general_n michael_n glinski_n a_o valiant_a polish_v general_n that_o run_v over_o to_o the_o russes_z recover_v it_o more_o easy_o with_o his_o money_n than_o he_o can_v with_o his_o arm_n the_o pole_n have_v endeavour_v several_a time_n to_o recover_v this_o city_n and_o in_o one_o battle_n near_o unto_o it_o slay_v eighty_o thousand_o russes_z but_o can_v not_o reduce_v the_o city_n till_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n take_v it_o in_o 1611_o and_o in_o 1633_o michael_n federowitz_n besiege_v it_o in_o vain_a yet_o his_o son_n alexie_n michaelowitz_n have_v it_o surrender_v to_o he_o by_o composition_n in_o 1654._o and_o the_o russes_z still_o keep_v it_o the_o river_n nieper_n common_o think_v to_o be_v boristhenes_n though_o beresine_n come_v near_a that_o name_n run_v through_o it_o the_o city_n be_v very_o well_o fortify_v both_o with_o good_a wall_n well_o palisadoe_v and_o as_o they_o say_v above_o ten_o yard_n high_a and_o also_o with_o a_o very_a strong_a castle_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n to_o this_o jurisdiction_n belong_v drohobus_fw-la wyesma_n and_o mozaizko_n where_o the_o emperor_n common_o once_o a_o year_n divert_v himself_o and_o the_o ambassador_n in_o hunt_v this_o mozaisko_n have_v many_o time_n a_o governor_n of_o its_o own_o and_o a_o territory_n belong_v to_o it_o the_o town_n be_v take_v from_o alexander_n king_n of_o poland_n by_o the_o grand_a tzar_n ivan_n predecessor_n of_o vasilie_o and_o the_o grand_a duke_n often_o repair_v thither_o in_o devotion_n to_o st._n nicolas_n the_o great_a saint_n of_o the_o russes_z who_o be_v say_v to_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o chapel_n of_o the_o castle_n there_o remain_v one_o province_n or_o dukedom_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o which_o ancient_o belong_v to_o litvania_n the_o south-west_n border_n of_o muscovy_n call_v sewera_n severia_n siberia_n which_o have_v give_v occasion_n to_o some_o to_o confound_v it_o with_o that_o province_n which_o the_o russes_z call_z sibior_fw-la upon_o the_o river_n ob._n this_o be_v a_o large_a and_o fruitful_a principality_n reach_v from_o the_o dnieper_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o mscenek_n which_o be_v now_o demolish_a this_o country_n have_v at_o first_o duke_n of_o its_o own_o afterward_o it_o acknowledge_v the_o superiority_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o litvania_n together_o with_o which_o jagello_n become_v christian_n it_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n afterward_o they_o fall_v from_o casimire_n unto_o the_o grand_a tzar_n at_o length_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o vasilie_o father_n of_o ivan_n vasilowich_n the_o duke_n be_v accuse_v of_o treason_n and_o lose_v his_o principality_n which_o be_v unite_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o muscovy_n the_o chief_a city_n siviersky_n novogrod_n siviersky_n and_o sometime_o residence_n of_o the_o duke_n be_v call_v novogrod_n siviersky_n a_o city_n and_o castle_n well_o fortify_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o russia_n from_o whence_o to_o the_o city_n moskow_n be_v a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o league_n the_o way_n lie_v through_o bransko_n serensko_fw-mi worotin_n a_o small_a principality_n the_o city_n worotin_n be_v upon_o the_o river_n occa_fw-la and_o coluga_n a_o town_n also_o upon_o the_o occa_fw-la and_o dependent_a upon_o the_o abbey_n of_o troitza_n other_o great_a town_n in_o this_o province_n be_v starodub_n posiwol_n czernigow_n kilski_n krom_n arol_n and_o osippow_n they_o that_o from_o hence_o travel_v towards_o tartary_n pass_v the_o river_n sna_n samara_n ariel_n koinschwada_n and_o molosca_n they_o pass_v the_o river_n on_o branch_n of_o tree_n fasten_v together_o instead_o of_o bo_n this_o country_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o neighbourhood_n to_o the_o tartar_n upon_o who_o it_o border_n towards_o the_o east_n be_v much_o of_o it_o desert_n and_o forest_n for_o want_v of_o culture_n but_o those_o few_o inhabitant_n there_o be_v be_v very_o warlike_a be_v keep_v in_o continual_a exercise_n by_o the_o tartar_n thus_o much_o for_o the_o western_a part_n of_o this_o empire_n let_v we_o proceed_v to_o those_o that_o lie_v in_o the_o inland_n country_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o south_n of_o vologda_n north_n of_o jeroslaw_n lie_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o castrom_n upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n which_o lose_v itself_o in_o the_o volga_n and_o east_n of_o castrom_n be_v the_o little_a town_n of_o galitz_n near_o the_o lake_n galitz_n here_o the_o grand_a tzar_n have_v a_o manufacture_n of_o salt_n jaroslaw_n jaroslaw_n jaroslaw_n fifty_o league_n north_n of_o moskow_n a_o province_n rich_a in_o corn_n cattle_n and_o honey_n the_o city_n lie_v upon_o the_o volga_n contain_v about_o forty_o thousand_o inhabitant_n strong_o fortify_v and_o of_o a_o great_a trade_n as_o have_v a_o very_a easy_a passage_n to_o archangel_n they_o make_v here_o much_o linen_n cloth_n this_o use_v former_o to_o be_v the_o title_n and_o subsistence_n of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o the_o emperor_n family_n till_o ivan_n vasilowich_n take_v it_o from_o they_o to_o himself_o 1565._o yet_o he_o permit_v some_o of_o they_o to_o keep_v the_o title_n be_v till_o of_o late_o call_v knest_n jaroslawski_n of_o the_o same_o condition_n and_o propriety_n be_v rostow_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o city_n be_v twelve_o league_n south_n of_o jeroslaw_n upon_o a_o lake_n of_o the_o same_o name_n ivan_n vasilowich_n put_v to_o death_n the_o last_o heir_n to_o this_o province_n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o grand_a tzar_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o this_o province_n be_v vglitz_n a_o town_n famous_a for_o its_o bread_n chlopigrod_n be_v a_o great_a mart_n for_o all_o the_o northern_a nation_n yet_o more_o barter_v than_o buy_v and_o sell_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o of_o the_o river_n mologa_n by_o which_o it_o communicate_v with_o weliki_n novogrod_n it_o be_v now_o ruin_v the_o name_n signify_v the_o castle_n of_o slave_n for_o they_o say_v that_o when_o their_o master_n have_v subdue_v their_o slave_n with_o their_o whip_n the_o slave_n retire_v hither_o susdal_n be_v between_o rostow_v and_o wolodomir_n susdal_n susdal_n the_o city_n be_v famous_a for_o a_o stately_a monastery_n of_o nun_n whither_o ivan_n vasilowitz_n confine_v his_o wife_n and_o it_o be_v former_o the_o metropolis_n of_o russia_n this_o province_n also_o belong_v to_o the_o young_a son_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o since_o ruin_v by_o the_o tartar_n ann_n it_o have_v never_o recover_v itself_o castrom_n and_o galitz_n belong_v former_o to_o this_o government_n pereaslaw_n belong_v former_o to_o rostow_v pereaslaw_n pereaslaw_n famous_a now_o for_o its_o salt_n lake_n and_o fruitful_a soil_n at_o the_o end_n of_o harvest_n the_o grand_a tzar_n
generis_fw-la quam_fw-la meritis_fw-la in_o patriam_fw-la honoratiss_fw-la o_o viro_fw-la d._n o_o nicolao_n von_n bodeck_n consuli_fw-la et_fw-la primario_fw-la judici_fw-la in_o celeberrion_n totius_fw-la maris_fw-la baltici_n emporio_fw-la urbe_fw-la gedanensi_fw-la artium_fw-la literarumque_fw-la â—autori_fw-la benevolentiss_fw-la o_o d._n d._n d._n joannes_n janssonius_n masovia_n masovia_n call_v by_o the_o polander_n mazowsze_v by_o the_o german_n die_v masaw_n lie_v in_o the_o very_a middle_n of_o poland_n bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o prussia_n on_o the_o east_n with_o lithuania_n and_o polessia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o some_o part_n of_o the_o lesser_a poland_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o palatinate_n of_o rava_n it_o be_v usual_o divide_v into_o these_o four_o part_n the_o palatinate_v of_o podlachia_n plockzo_n masovia_n strict_o so_o call_v and_o the_o territory_n of_o dobrin_n which_o last_o ought_v rather_o to_o be_v reckon_v a_o part_n of_o the_o palatinate_n of_o plockzo_n there_o be_v different_a conjecture_n touch_v the_o original_n of_o its_o name_n the_o most_o common_o receive_v be_v that_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o mieceslaus_n the_o second_o the_o nobility_n of_o poland_n not_o endure_v the_o impotent_a and_o effeminate_a government_n of_o his_o survive_a queen_n rixo_n lay_v hand_n upon_o what_o every_o man_n can_v catch_v among_o these_o masos_n or_o as_o other_o call_v he_o maslaus_n former_o cupbearer_n to_o the_o decease_a king_n sieze_v upon_o that_o large_a tract_n of_o land_n which_o he_o after_o his_o own_o name_n call_v masovia_n this_o masos_n be_v afterward_o overcome_v by_o casimir_n the_o first_o by_o who_o he_o be_v take_v and_o put_v to_o death_n by_o this_o mean_v it_o be_v again_o restore_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n though_o it_o still_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o masovia_n but_o stanislaus_n serictius_n reject_v in_o part_n this_o story_n derive_v more_o probable_o the_o massovii_n from_o the_o massagetes_n i_o know_v say_v he_o what_o our_o historian_n have_v write_v touch_v the_o original_n of_o the_o massovians_n but_o it_o seem_v incredible_a to_o i_o that_o so_o famous_a and_o courageous_a a_o people_n shall_v stoop_v to_o borrow_v their_o denomination_n from_o so_o mean_v a_o person_n in_o the_o year_n 1220_o lescus_n the_o white_a in_o the_o parliament_n of_o sandomir_n grant_v the_o dukedom_n of_o masovia_n cujavia_n and_o dobrinia_n to_o his_o brother_n conrade_n from_o which_o time_n it_o be_v govern_v by_o duke_n of_o its_o own_o do_v homage_n however_o to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n till_o the_o the_o year_n 1495_o but_o then_o the_o race_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o masovia_n begin_v to_o fail_v for_o that_o year_n john_n duke_n of_o masovia_n die_v a_o bachelor_n upon_o which_o john_n albert_n reunited_a plockzo_n to_o the_o crown_n leave_v the_o rest_n of_o masovia_n to_o his_o brother_n conrade_n which_o after_o his_o decease_n in_o the_o year_n 1503_o be_v grant_v to_o his_o child_n upon_o condition_n that_o for_o default_n of_o male_a issue_n it_o shall_v return_v to_o the_o crown_n which_o be_v effect_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o sigismond_n the_o first_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o palatinate_n of_o podlachia_n former_o belong_v to_o masovia_n and_o join_v by_o casimir_n jagellon_n to_o lithuania_n return_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n in_o the_o year_n 1567._o there_o be_v no_o peculiar_a bishop_n in_o masovia_n but_o the_o whole_a province_n be_v divide_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o posnan_n plockzo_n and_o luceoria_n the_o metropolis_n of_o masovia_n be_v warsaw_n by_o the_o polander_v call_v warfrawa_n seat_v in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o polish_v dominion_n upon_o the_o vistula_n encompass_v with_o a_o double_a wall_n and_o deep_a ditch_n distant_a 40_o german_n or_o 160_o english_a mile_n from_o posen_n and_o cracow_n here_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n keep_v his_o court_n in_o a_o large_a four_o square_a palace_n build_v by_o sigismond_n the_o three_o but_o much_o beautify_v by_o his_o successor_n over_o against_o this_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n which_o be_v passable_a by_o a_o stately_a wooden_a bridge_n sit_v the_o great_a parliament_n of_o poland_n in_o another_o of_o the_o king_n palace_n call_v viasdow_n seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o many_o and_o delicate_a grove_n and_o garden_n in_o the_o city_n be_v public_a building_n of_o good_a note_n the_o most_o remarkable_a of_o which_o be_v st._n john_n baptist_n church_n where_o divine_a service_n be_v perform_v by_o secular_a canon_n not_o far_o from_o viasdow_n in_o the_o suburb_n call_v cracow_n stand_v as_o a_o trophy_n of_o the_o victory_n obtain_v by_o the_o pole_n over_o the_o moscovite_n a_o small_a chapel_n build_v by_o the_o king_n command_n for_o the_o burial_n of_o demetrius_n suiscius_n great_a duke_n of_o moscovie_n who_o die_v a_o captive_a in_o the_o castle_n of_o gostenin_n the_o nobility_n of_o masovia_n which_o be_v more_o numerous_a then_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o poland_n be_v reckon_v to_o amount_v to_o near_o forty_o thousand_o whereof_o fifteen_o thousand_o appear_v in_o a_o body_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o sigismond_n the_o three_o be_v all_o roman-catholic_n never_o suffer_v any_o of_o other_o religion_n or_o opinion_n to_o reside_v among_o they_o out_o of_o these_o be_v send_v yearly_a to_o the_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n one_o palatine_n and_o six_o castellanes_n the_o palatinate_n of_o plockzo_n lie_v eastward_o from_o masovia_n between_o the_o vistula_n and_o prussia_n plockzo_n plockzo_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o territory_n of_o plockzo_n zavera_n mlava_n and_o srensco_n and_o send_v out_o to_o the_o great_a parliament_n four_z senators_z that_o be_v the_o bishop_n the_o palatine_a and_o castellanes_n of_o plockzo_n radzyagas_n and_o sieprez_n it_o have_v its_o name_n from_o plockzo_n its_o chief_a city_n seat_v on_o a_o high_a bank_n of_o the_o vistula_n 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or_o prutheni_fw-la corrupt_v
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vrsin_n column_n julian_n etc._n etc._n but_o this_o etymology_n seem_v too_o far_o fetch_v stella_n aim_v fair_a though_o he_o miss_v the_o mark_n a_o little_a for_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o prussian_n do_v conquer_v this_o land_n and_o seat_n themselves_o in_o it_o though_o the_o additional_a story_n of_o prince_n litwo_n seem_v feign_v more_o likely_a it_o be_v that_o the_o prussian_n not_o satisfy_v with_o their_o change_n call_v the_o country_n lithvania_n from_o litwo_n which_o in_o the_o ancient_a prussian_a language_n signify_v a_o vagabond_n or_o wanderer_n the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v the_o alani_n inhabitant_n ancient_a inhabitant_n since_o the_o lithvanians_n do_v still_o retain_v some_o footstep_n of_o the_o name_n of_o these_o people_n in_o their_o lithalani_n and_o roxalani_n but_o he_o that_o shall_v compare_v the_o account_n which_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n give_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o ancient_a alani_n with_o what_o the_o best_a 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narimund_n pinsko_n mozyr_n and_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o volodimir_n to_o olgierd_v creve_n and_o the_o country_n beyond_o as_o far_o as_o beresine_n to_o kieystut_n samogitia_n and_o the_o territory_n of_o troce_n lida_n vpide_v and_o subsylvania_n to_o coriat_n novogrod_n and_o volkowiski_n to_o lubart_n volodomir_n and_o volhinia_n to_o his_o young_a son_n jaunut_n vilna_n osmia_n and_o braslaw_n design_v he_o for_o great_a duke_n but_o soon_o after_o when_o the_o tartar_n begin_v to_o infest_v volhinia_n and_o kiow_n jaunut_n be_v depose_v and_o his_o brother_n olgierd_v make_v great_a duke_n in_o his_o place_n he_o in_o the_o year_n 1331_o fall_v upon_o the_o tartar_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o podolia_n which_o they_o have_v keep_v for_o some_o year_n about_o the_o same_o time_n demetrius_n duke_n of_o moscovy_n send_v a_o ambassador_n into_o lithuania_n to_o demand_v a_o restitution_n of_o all_o those_o province_n which_o former_o 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they_o
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out_o of_o that_o of_o sendomir_n as_o be_v too_o big_a for_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o one_o palatine_a by_o casimir_n jagellonides_n lublin_n lublin_n the_o city_n be_v not_o very_o large_a but_o well_o build_v and_o much_o frequent_v especial_o in_o the_o fair_n keep_v three_o time_n a_o year_n by_o christian_n jewish_a and_o turkish_a merchant_n it_o be_v much_o better_a fortifve_v by_o the_o marsh_n which_o environ_v it_o than_o its_o wall_n and_o more_o beholden_a to_o nature_n for_o its_o defence_n then_o either_o casimir_n the_o great_a who_o wall_v it_o round_o or_o the_o russian_n who_o build_v the_o adjoin_a castle_n the_o great_a church_n in_o it_o be_v build_v by_o lescus_n the_o black_a upon_o a_o great_a conquest_n obtain_v against_o the_o lithvanians_n near_o this_o city_n and_o dedicate_v to_o st._n michael_n who_o in_o a_o vision_n the_o night_n before_o the_o battle_n have_v promise_v he_o good_a success_n st._n bridget_n monastery_n among_o many_o other_o 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wagria_n misnia_n and_o the_o dukedom_n of_o rugen_n mecklenburg_n and_o lunenburg_n which_o whatever_o some_o of_o the_o polish_v writer_n assert_v and_o endeavour_v to_o make_v good_a be_v very_o little_a or_o not_o at_o all_o subject_n to_o boleslaus_n chrobri_n who_o be_v the_o only_a king_n that_o ever_o can_v plausible_o pretend_v a_o title_n to_o any_o part_n of_o they_o we_o shall_v confine_v our_o discourse_n to_o those_o country_n to_o which_o the_o polonian_a prince_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v have_v a_o more_o just_a and_o legal_a title_n that_o all_o or_o most_o of_o silesia_n be_v part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o poland_n silesia_n silesia_n in_o the_o day_n of_o lechus_n the_o first_o and_o several_a of_o his_o successor_n be_v high_o probable_a from_o the_o writing_n of_o adam_n bremensis_n and_o helmoldus_n who_o both_o of_o they_o make_v the_o river_n other_o the_o bound_n of_o poland_n beside_o the_o german_a chronologer_n tell_v we_o that_o charles_n the_o great_a ludovicus_n pius_n and_o other_o emperor_n conquer_v the_o silesian_n and_o make_v they_o tributary_n to_o the_o empire_n but_o the_o polish_v historian_n upon_o what_o ground_n i_o know_v not_o be_v general_o positive_a in_o assert_v that_o silesia_n be_v always_o without_o any_o such_o intermission_n or_o conquest_n as_o the_o german_n strive_v to_o make_v out_o a_o part_n of_o the_o polish_v dominion_n only_o vincentius_n kadlubko_n agree_v with_o the_o german_n affirm_v that_o boleslaus_n chrobri_n among_o his_o many_o other_o conquest_n regain_v selucia_n as_o he_o call_v it_o and_o leave_v it_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n after_o his_o time_n we_o find_v that_o casimir_n the_o first_o translate_v the_o bishopric_n of_o bicine_n to_o vratislaw_n whence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o in_o his_o day_n silesia_n be_v part_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o poland_n not_o long_o after_o henry_n the_o iv_o emperor_n of_o germany_n in_o the_o diet_n at_o munster_n a.d._n 1086_o make_v over_o silesia_n lusatia_n and_o indeed_o all_o poland_n to_o vratislaus_n king_n of_o bohemia_n though_o as_o cromer_n say_v he_o have_v no_o right_n to_o a_o foot_n of_o land_n in_o any_o of_o they_o whereupon_o ensue_v a_o bloody_a war_n betwixt_o the_o bohemian_o and_o pole_n wherein_o it_o be_v to_o be_v conjecture_v the_o latter_a have_v the_o better_a since_o all_o historian_n agree_v that_o silesia_n be_v under_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n government_n during_o the_o whole_a reign_n of_o boleslaus_n the_o three_o his_o son_n vladislaus_n the_o second_o be_v depose_v by_o his_o brethren_n who_o be_v leave_v coheir_n with_o he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n flee_v first_o to_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n the_o first_o who_o bring_v boleslaus_n crispus_n duke_n of_o poland_n and_o brother_n to_o vladislaus_n to_o such_o strait_n that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o resign_v all_o silesia_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o brother_n child_n but_o upon_o condition_n they_o shall_v
gustavus_n x._o ann_n 1655_o and_o by_o this_o present_a king_n charles_n xi_o in_o 1663._o public_o ratify_v and_o subscribe_v to_o and_o ever_o since_o by_o he_o maintain_v so_o that_o lutheranism_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v take_v deep_a root_n in_o this_o kingdom_n the_o clergy_n of_o sweden_n be_v have_v in_o great_a honour_n and_o reputation_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o though_o the_o revenue_n belong_v to_o the_o church_n be_v since_o the_o reformation_n very_o much_o impair_v gustavus_n i._n annex_v as_o it_o be_v say_v to_o the_o crown_n at_o one_o time_n 7500_o farm_n and_o ecclesiastical_a live_n yet_o the_o respect_n due_a to_o their_o minister_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v much_o abate_v their_o archbishop_n always_o perform_v the_o religious_a solemnity_n at_o the_o king_n coronation_n and_z with_o as_o many_o bishop_n as_o the_o king_n please_v to_o choose_v be_v admit_v privy-counsellor_n to_o his_o majesty_n he_o be_v reckon_v the_o chief_a person_n in_o the_o kingdom_n next_o to_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o according_o take_v place_n of_o all_o temporal_a lord_n and_o ancient_o when_o it_o be_v grant_v to_o a_o knight_n or_o lay-privy-counsellor_n to_o have_v only_o twelve_o and_o a_o senator_n eight_o it_o be_v order_v that_o he_o may_v have_v forty_o and_o a_o bishop_n thirty_o horse_n in_o their_o retinue_n he_o have_v under_o he_o seven_o suffragans_fw-la viz._n the_o bishop_n of_o lyncopen_n scare_n stergne_n westeras_fw-la wexio_fw-la aboa_n and_o riga_n and_o divers_a superintendent_o who_o have_v episcopal_a jurisdiction_n viz._n of_o calmare_n gottenburgh_n marienstadt_n revel_v etc._n etc._n all_o which_o make_v up_o a_o ecclesiastical_a college_n call_v the_o supreme_a consistory_n of_o the_o kingdom_n wherein_o the_o archbishop_n always_o preside_v the_o clergy_n of_o this_o nation_n say_v loccenius_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o eastern_a church_n use_v to_o marry_v till_o pope_n innocent_a iu_o by_o a_o council_n hold_v at_o 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of_o longitude_n and_o of_o latitude_n 58_o ten_o minute_n a_o town_n of_o great_a trade_n the_o present_a seat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n and_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n situate_v it_o be_v in_o a_o island_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o lake_n meller_n encompass_v on_o all_o side_n especial_o that_o towards_o the_o sea_n with_o high_a rugged_a rock_n call_v scheren_n which_o hinder_v the_o prospect_n of_o the_o city_n but_o very_o much_o secure_v the_o haven_n which_o be_v very_o large_a and_o of_o dangerous_a entrance_n though_o these_o rock_n be_v a_o defence_n to_o the_o town_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o they_o it_o be_v sometime_o set_v upon_o by_o a_o enemy_n unaware_o as_o it_o be_v by_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n anno_fw-la 1594._o it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v found_v by_o king_n birgerus_n anno_fw-la 1261_o and_o from_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o wood_n use_v in_o the_o build_n of_o it_o call_v stockholme_n stock_n signify_v wood_n and_o holme_n a_o island_n but_o anno_fw-la 1552_o a_o fire_n happen_v in_o the_o city_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o wooden_a building_n burn_v down_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o it_o be_v by_o public_a command_n rebuilt_a part_n of_o stone_n part_n of_o brick_n part_v also_o upon_o pile_n so_o that_o the_o sea_n flow_v under_o the_o house_n in_o it_o be_v several_a large_a well-built_a bridge_n only_o two_o gate_n open_v to_o the_o south_n and_o north._n public_a inn_n or_o lodging-house_n here_o be_v none_o but_o stranger_n take_v up_o their_o quarter_n with_o some_o of_o the_o burgher_n entertainment_n handsome_a and_o charge_v not_o great_a an._n 1407_o it_o be_v consume_v by_o lightning_n and_o some_o thousand_o of_o people_n destroy_v by_o the_o fire_n in_o 1529_o king_n gustavus_n the_o first_o called_z several_z principal_a burgher_n and_o merchant_n out_o of_o other_o city_n to_o inhabit_v this_o most_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v drive_v hence_o by_o the_o tyranny_n of_o christiern_n ii_o king_n of_o denmark_n there_o be_v in_o it_o eight_o church_n in_o all_o one_o of_o which_o be_v supply_v by_o a_o finlandish_a another_o by_o a_o german_a minister_n who_o constant_o preach_v in_o their_o own_o language_n in_o the_o citadel_n be_v the_o king_n palace_n handsome_o build_v some_o part_n eight_o or_o nine_o story_n high_a yet_o of_o great_a strength_n and_o security_n within_o it_o be_v a_o large_a and_o magnificent_a church_n build_v by_o king_n john_n erect_v upon_o marble_n pillar_n and_o roof_v with_o copper_n with_o a_o private_a chapel_n for_o the_o king_n very_o large_a also_o have_v forty_o window_n on_o each_o side_n where_o at_o the_o high_a altar_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o massy_a silver_n image_n of_o our_o saviour_n crucify_v in_o full_a proportion_n this_o city_n have_v be_v very_o often_o besiege_v ann_n 1434_o by_o the_o people_n of_o sweden_n who_o rebel_v upon_o account_n of_o foreign_a officer_n employ_v in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n '_o by_o king_n john_n 1481_o 1522_o by_o gustavus_n i._o and_o at_o other_o time_n the_o enemy_n always_o take_v advantage_n of_o a_o hill_n call_v bruncaberge_n so_o near_o that_o from_o it_o they_o can_v batter_v the_o citadel_n the_o arm_n of_o this_o city_n be_v the_o head_n of_o saint_n ericus_n crown_v or_o take_v by_o the_o agreement_n of_o the_o state_n in_o remembrance_n of_o that_o king_n virtue_n and_o piety_n and_o those_o of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v three_o crown_n or_o in_o a_o field_n azure_a give_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n this_o be_v the_o metropolis_n and_o lie_v so_o convenient_o be_v the_o great_a place_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o whole_a nation_n from_o whence_o be_v export_v copper_n iron_n steel_n lead_v deal-board_n and_o very_o many_o manufacture_n make_v of_o those_o material_n copper_n especial_o whereof_o this_o kingdom_n supply_v the_o necessity_n almost_o of_o the_o whole_a world_n this_o city_n be_v govern_v by_o four_o chief_a magistrate_n or_o consul_n who_o be_v elect_v out_o of_o the_o burgher_n and_o enjoy_v the_o dignity_n for_o their_o life_n their_o office_n be_v to_o give_v law_n and_o decide_v controversy_n arise_v betwixt_o one_o citizen_n and_o another_o if_o of_o lesser_a concern_n but_o if_o of_o great_a moment_n they_o always_o have_v the_o assistance_n of_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o castle_n who_o be_v precedent_n of_o the_o court_n for_o that_o time_n and_o either_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o case_n or_o transmits_n it_n to_o the_o king_n council_n they_o perform_v this_o office_n by_o turn_n two_o have_v precedence_n and_o supply_v it_o one_o and_o the_o other_o two_o the_o next_o year_n when_o any_o extraordinary_a affair_n happen_v they_o may_v have_v the_o assistance_n of_o some_o of_o the_o principal_a citizen_n who_o take_v upon_o they_o particular_a business_n as_o the_o care_n of_o building_n the_o decision_n of_o some_o private_a action_n promulgation_n of_o law_n etc._n etc._n beside_o these_o there_o be_v twelve_o senator_n or_o alderman_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o city_n who_o have_v the_o office_n likewise_o for_o their_o life_n out_o of_o these_o four_z be_v elect_v to_o be_v assessor_n to_o the_o consul_n and_o in_o all_o case_n and_o difference_n arise_v to_o assist_v they_o in_o this_o city_n common_o reside_v a_o great_a number_n of_o foreigner_n german_n and_o finlander_n especial_o who_o as_o all_o other_o of_o the_o lutheran_n persuasion_n be_v allow_v free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n which_o be_v not_o grant_v to_o any_o of_o the_o roman_a communion_n the_o soil_n of_o the_o country_n hereabout_o soil_n soil_n as_o in_o most_o part_n of_o sweden_n be_v general_o fruitful_a afford_v store_n of_o corn_n as_o wheat_n rye_n barley_n oat_n etc._n etc._n and_o pasturage_n and_o in_o some_o place_v no_o small_a quantity_n of_o wood._n in_o the_o
forty_o german_a mile_n from_o pleskow_n and_o as_o many_o from_o novogardia_n 2._o nieslot_n or_o neuschlos_n i._n e._n new_a fort_n not_o far_o from_o the_o lake_n peipus_n upon_o the_o river_n narva_n 2._o viria_n wiria_n or_o wilandia_n viria_n viria_n which_o have_v alentakia_n on_o the_o east_n harria_n on_o the_o west_n the_o finnic_a bay_n on_o the_o north_n and_o jervia_n on_o the_o south_n place_n remarkable_a in_o it_o be_v 1._o wesenberg_n not_o far_o from_o the_o river_n weissenaa_n which_o a._n d._n 1581._o be_v take_v by_o the_o swede_n from_o the_o muscovite_n 2._o tolsburg_n twelve_o mile_n distant_a from_o wesenberg_n 3._o borcholm_n 3._o harria_n or_o harrenland_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d bound_v on_o the_o south_n with_o wicia_n on_o the_o east_n with_o viria_n and_o on_o the_o north_n and_o west_n with_o the_o finnic_a bay_n in_o this_o division_n be_v revalia_n the_o metropolis_n of_o liefland_n a_o little_a but_o handsome_a pleasant_a and_o well_o fortify_v city_n lie_v in_o 59_o deg_fw-la 30_o min._n of_o longitude_n in_o the_o year_n 1374_o it_o be_v sell_v to_o the_o great_a master_n of_o livonia_n in_o 1561_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o muscovite_n it_o commit_v itself_o to_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n and_o have_v ever_o since_o be_v subject_n to_o they_o here_o be_v ancient_o a_o bishop_n see_v but_o since_o lutheranism_n spread_v itself_o into_o these_o part_n that_o title_n be_v here_o discontinue_v and_o all_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n manage_v by_o superintendent_o for_o the_o promote_a of_o learning_n and_o good_a education_n this_o city_n have_v one_o public_a gymnasium_n wherein_o professor_n and_o tutor_n be_v maintain_v to_o read_v and_o teach_v humanity_n and_o all_o the_o liberal_a arts._n the_o chief_a church_n be_v dedicate_v to_o st._n olaus_n not_o far_o from_o this_o place_n be_v the_o monastery_n of_o st._n bridget_n seat_v upon_o the_o finnic_a coast_n and_o the_o fort_n pade_n or_o badis_n lie_v upon_o the_o river_n assa_n 4._o vikia_fw-la wicia_n or_o wikke_n which_o have_v in_o it_o these_o three_o place_n of_o note_n 1._o habsalia_n habsel_n lie_v upon_o the_o bothnic_a bay_n former_o viz._n in_o the_o time_n of_o frideric_n ii_o king_n of_o denmark_n in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o dane_n afterward_o a._n d._n 1575._o take_v by_o the_o muscovite_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1581._o gain_v by_o john_n iii_o king_n of_o sweden_n 2._o lode_n 3._o leal_n 4._o wickel_n or_o wyck_n all_o fort_n of_o good_a strength_n and_o consideration_n 5._o jervia_n which_o lie_v landward_o almost_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o other_o district_v it_o contain_v wittenstein_n oberpalen_n and_o lau_n or_o lais_n place_n of_o moment_n ii_o odepoa_n bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o lake_n peipus_n on_o the_o north_n with_o embeck_n and_o the_o river_n fela_fw-mi and_o pernavia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o great_a bay_n of_o livonia_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o lettia_n in_o it_o be_v these_o place_n of_o note_n viz._n 1._o derpat_o derbat_n dorpat_o or_o as_o the_o russes_z call_v it_o juriogoord_n a_o large_a city_n build_v most_o of_o stone_n and_o brick_n and_o secure_v by_o strong_a stonewall_n where_o be_v former_o a_o bishop_n seat_n it_o be_v heretofore_o under_o the_o tzar_n of_o muscovy_n a._n d._n 1230._o under_o the_o pole_n a._n d._n 1582._o afterward_o take_v from_o they_o by_o charles_n duke_n of_o sudermannia_n but_o by_o they_o regain_v a._n d._n 1603._o in_o the_o year_n 1625_o when_o gustavus_n adolphus_n send_v force_n into_o livonia_n under_o the_o command_n of_o jacobus_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr gardie_n this_o city_n be_v gain_v to_o the_o swedish_n crown_n and_o ever_o since_o remain_v as_o a_o part_n of_o its_o possession_n here_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a abundance_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n of_o life_n and_o the_o healthfulness_n of_o the_o air_n gustavus_n adolphus_n ann_n 1632_o at_o the_o desire_n of_o one_o john_n skytte_n baron_n in_o ouderof_o who_o have_v sometime_o be_v tutor_n to_o that_o king_n institute_v a_o university_n and_o appoint_v and_o stipend_v one_o rector_n and_o several_a professor_n for_o theology_n history_n mathematics_n etc._n etc._n 2._o warbeck_n upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n embeck_n 3._o kannelek_n 4._o the_o fort_n ringen_n 5._o odepoa_o a_o small_a town_n whence_o the_o whole_a district_n have_v its_o name_n 6._o nienhausen_n a_o strong_a fort_n upon_o the_o border_n of_o muscovy_n 7._o marienburg_n another_o fort_n not_o far_o from_o the_o lake_n peipus_n 8._o tarne_a a_o place_n ancient_o of_o good_a importance_n but_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o muscovite_n it_o be_v besiege_v by_o the_o polander_n and_o at_o last_o by_o they_o take_v and_o when_o they_o quit_v it_o so_o demolish_v that_o though_o the_o swede_n have_v spend_v some_o charge_n in_o repair_v it_o it_o have_v not_o at_o present_a attain_v its_o ancient_a strength_n and_o splendour_n 9_o felinum_n fellin_n fifteen_o german_a mile_n from_o 10._o parnavia_n parnow_n upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n a_o town_n of_o great_a trade_n for_o all_o commodity_n corn_n especial_o first_o of_o all_o add_v to_o the_o swedish_n dominion_n by_o ericus_n fourteen_o king_n of_o sweden_n a_o 1562_o afterward_o take_v by_o the_o pole_n and_o regain_v from_o they_o an_z 1617._o 11._o sales_n or_o lemsael_n with_o some_o other_o less_o remarkable_a town_n and_o fort_n iii_o lettia_n bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o part_n of_o muscovy_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o livonian_a bay_n on_o the_o north_n with_o odepoa_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o river_n dwina_n it_o be_v chief_a city_n be_v 1._o riga_n a_o arch-bishop_n see_v lie_v in_o 48_o deg_fw-la of_o longitude_n and_o 57_o deg_fw-la 30_o min._n of_o latitude_n upon_o the_o dwina_n at_o its_o entrance_n into_o the_o bothnic_a bay_n it_o be_v defend_v with_o a_o strong_a wall_n bulwark_n tower_n a_o extraordinary_a large_a trench_n and_o three_o row_n of_o great_a gun_n which_o be_v put_v in_o good_a order_n and_o readiness_n chief_o by_o the_o care_n of_o gustavus_n adolphus_n king_n of_o sweden_n here_o be_v a_o note_a harbour_n for_o ship_n much_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n from_o germany_n holland_n england_n etc._n etc._n who_o come_v hither_o in_o the_o summertime_n and_o be_v lade_v with_o hemp_n flax_n wax_n pitch_n tar_n with_o plank_n also_o and_o wood_n ready_a hew_v for_o build_v ship_n with_o skin_n of_o all_o sort_n as_o of_o bear_n elk_n fox_n etc._n etc._n and_o fur_n of_o castor_n sables_n martron_n ermine_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o be_v bring_v to_o this_o city_n out_o of_o muscovy_n and_o poland_n in_o the_o wintertime_n over_o the_o ice_n and_o snow_n upon_o sledd_n and_o make_v ready_a for_o sale_n against_o the_o time_n when_o the_o merchant_n usual_o arrive_v the_o citizen_n common_o speak_v either_o swedish_n german_n curlandish_a or_o livonian_a and_o have_v their_o divine_a service_n which_o be_v reform_v according_a to_o the_o augustan_n confession_n always_o celebrate_v in_o some_o one_o of_o those_o language_n in_o the_o year_n 1581._o this_o city_n be_v take_v by_o stephen_n king_n of_o poland_n from_o the_o emperor_n and_o by_o his_o successor_n sigismond_n iii_o endow_v with_o many_o notable_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n and_o by_o he_o keep_v in_o possession_n till_o 1605_o at_o what_o time_n gustavus_n adolphus_n prince_n of_o sweden_n bring_v a_o army_n into_o livonia_n and_o after_o six_o week_n close_a siege_n have_v it_o surrender_v up_o to_o he_o since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v always_o be_v under_o the_o swedish_n power_n 2._o dunamund_n i._n e._n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o duna_n or_o dwina_n so_o call_v from_o its_o situation_n be_v place_v upon_o the_o dwina_n two_o mile_n from_o riga_n at_o its_o very_a entrance_n into_o the_o livonian_a bay_n it_o be_v a_o fort_n of_o great_a importance_n command_v the_o whole_a river_n so_o that_o without_o leave_n have_v from_o the_o governor_n here_o no_o ship_n can_v pass_v into_o or_o come_v out_o of_o the_o harbour_n of_o riga_n and_o because_o the_o dwina_n at_o this_o place_n break_v forcible_o into_o the_o sea_n and_o often_o in_o the_o spring-time_n especial_o bring_v huge_a flake_n of_o ice_n along_o with_o it_o very_o much_o alter_v the_o channel_n and_o thereby_o make_v the_o passage_n into_o the_o river_n very_o dangerous_a there_o be_v wait_v here_o a_o sort_n of_o experience_a guide_n call_v pilosen_v or_o pilot_n who_o for_o small_a wage_n conduct_v all_o stranger_n along_o the_o safe_a way_n either_o up_o to_o riga_n or_o back_o again_o into_o the_o baltic_a 3._o kakenhusen_n kockehaus_n a_o strong_a fort_n where_o be_v ancient_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o riga_n 4._o ascherad_n with_o many_o lesser_a town_n
village_n and_o fort_n of_o the_o late_a accession_n in_o pomeren_n and_o the_o empire_n how_o far_o the_o victorious_a arm_n of_o gustavus_n adolphus_n spread_v themselves_o in_o the_o empire_n of_o germany_n pass_v over_o the_o elb_n the_o rhine_n and_o the_o danow_n in_o one_o year_n and_o thereby_o become_v as_o well_o the_o terror_n as_o wonder_v of_o europe_n be_v sufficient_o know_v to_o all_o the_o world_n and_o how_o after_o his_o death_n the_o swedish_n conquest_n in_o those_o part_n begin_v to_o lessen_v and_o several_a place_n of_o importance_n to_o be_v either_o forcible_o regain_v by_o the_o emperor_n or_o by_o the_o succeed_a king_n of_o sweden_n free_o yield_v up_o to_o he_o be_v no_o less_o manifest_a what_o city_n town_n fort_n title_n territory_n etc._n etc._n be_v by_o a_o ratification_n of_o peace_n conclude_v between_o the_o imperial_a minister_n and_o the_o swedish_n agent_n in_o lieu_n of_o those_o many_o and_o large_a dominion_n which_o gustavus_n adolphus_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o give_v up_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o swede_n either_o absolute_o and_o for_o ever_o or_o under_o some_o condition_n to_o be_v by_o the_o swede_n observe_v we_o shall_v in_o this_o place_n only_a mention_n remit_v the_o more_o large_a description_n of_o they_o to_o pomeren_n germany_n etc._n etc._n whereunto_o they_o do_v former_o belong_v and_o where_o a_o account_n of_o they_o may_v be_v expect_v by_o a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n between_o the_o imperial_a plenipotentiaries_n and_o swedish_n minister_n hold_v at_o osnabrug_n and_o munster_n a._n d._n 1649_o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o because_o christina_n queen_n of_o sweden_n have_v require_v of_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o electoral_a prince_n that_o satisfaction_n shall_v be_v make_v she_o for_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o several_a place_n which_o have_v be_v by_o her_o father_n in_o the_o late_a war_n bring_v under_o the_o swedish_n power_n and_o likewise_o upon_o account_n that_o she_o earnest_o desire_v as_o much_o as_o in_o she_o lay_v to_o restore_v and_o promote_v the_o public_a peace_n of_o the_o empire_n which_o the_o emperor_n and_o their_o electoral_a highness_n on_o the_o other_o part_n be_v very_o ready_a by_o all_o mean_n to_o advance_v and_o take_v care_n of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o electoral_a prince_n and_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n shall_v give_v up_o to_o the_o queen_n of_o sweden_n and_o to_o her_o heir_n and_o successor_n these_o follow_a dominion_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o they_o in_o full_a right_n of_o possession_n as_o a_o perpetual_a and_o immediate_a feud_n of_o the_o empire_n viz._n 1._o all_o nether-pomeren_a common_o call_v nor-pomern_a with_o the_o isle_n of_o rugen_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o extent_n as_o the_o late_a duke_n of_o pomeren_n have_v possess_v and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o and_o also_o in_o further-pomeren_a stetin_n gartz_n dam_n golnau_n the_o isle_n wollin_n with_o part_n of_o the_o river_n other_o that_o encompass_v it_o the_o sea_n common_o call_v das_fw-la frische_n haff_n with_o its_o three_o bay_n peine_fw-fr swine_n and_o divenow_n and_o so_o much_o land_n on_o each_o side_n as_o shall_v be_v agree_v on_o by_o the_o commissioner_n to_o be_v appoint_v for_o assign_v the_o just_a limit_n for_o both_o party_n which_o say_v kingdom_n of_o pomeren_n and_o principality_n of_o rugen_n with_o all_o dominion_n belong_v or_o place_n annex_v to_o either_o of_o they_o and_o also_o all_o territory_n prefecture_n city_n fort_n town_n village_n feud_n river_n isle_n etc._n etc._n with_o all_o tribute_n revenue_n title_n dignity_n preeminence_n immunity_n and_o praerogative_n ecclesiastical_a or_o civil_a with_o all_o other_o right_n and_o privilege_n shall_v from_o that_o day_n 27_o of_o july_n a._n 1648_o for_o ever_o belong_v to_o and_o be_v free_o use_v and_o inviolable_o possess_v by_o the_o then_z queen_n of_o sweden_n her_o heir_n and_o successor_n in_o as_o full_a and_o ample_a manner_n as_o the_o former_a duke_n of_o pomeren_n have_v have_v enjoy_v or_o govern_v the_o same_o moreover_o that_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o brandenburg_n shall_v both_o of_o they_o use_v the_o title_n and_o arm_n of_o pomeren_n after_o the_o manner_n that_o the_o former_a duke_n of_o pomeren_n use_v they_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n for_o ever_o and_o the_o duke_n of_o brandenburg_n so_o long_o as_o any_o of_o the_o issue_n male_a of_o that_o family_n remain_v but_o that_o upon_o defect_n of_o the_o masculine_a line_n of_o the_o house_n of_o brandenburg_n none_o shall_v lay_v claim_n to_o those_o title_n and_o arm_n of_o pomeren_n but_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n sole_o to_o retain_v they_o without_o any_o competitor_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o then_o to_o have_v all_o further_a pomeren_n with_o the_o bishopric_n and_o chapter_n of_o camminen_n yield_v up_o to_o they_o and_o their_o successor_n for_o ever_o 2._o that_o the_o emperor_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o elector_n shall_v give_v up_o to_o the_o say_a queen_n and_o her_o successor_n for_o ever_o the_o city_n and_o port_n of_o wismar_n with_o the_o fort_n walfisch_n and_o the_o prefecture_n of_o poel_n the_o town_n sehedorff_n wietendorff_n brandenhusen_n and_o wangern_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o hospital_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n in_o lubeck_n except_v and_o newen_n closter_n with_o all_o right_n and_o privilege_n belong_v to_o they_o in_o as_o full_a and_o ample_a manner_n as_o the_o duke_n of_o meklenburg_n have_v before_o enjoy_v and_o possess_v they_o 3._o that_o the_o emperor_n with_o etc._n etc._n shall_v give_v up_o to_o the_o queen_n of_o sweden_n and_o her_o successor_n for_o ever_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o breme_n and_o the_o bishopric_n of_o verden_n with_o the_o town_n and_o prefecture_n of_o wilshausen_n and_o also_o all_o the_o right_a the_o arch-bishop_n of_o breme_n have_v to_o the_o chapter_n and_o dioece_n of_o hamburg_n provide_v that_o the_o house_n of_o holsatia_n and_o the_o city_n and_o chapter_n of_o hamburg_n retain_v their_o respective_a liberty_n possession_n etc._n etc._n with_o all_o and_o singular_a right_n privilege_n etc._n etc._n ecclesiastical_a or_o civil_a to_o the_o say_a archbishopric_n bishopric_n and_o prefecture_n in_o any-wise_a belong_v yet_o to_o retain_v they_o for_o ever_o as_o a_o immediate_a fee_n of_o the_o empire_n use_v the_o ancient_a arm_n which_o belong_v to_o they_o but_o change_v the_o ecclefiastical_a title_n into_o a_o secular_a one_o viz._n that_o of_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n into_o duke_n of_o breme_n and_o verden_n and_o likewise_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o grant_v to_o have_v privilege_n to_o be_v present_a at_o all_o diet_n of_o the_o empire_n under_o the_o title_n of_o duke_n of_o breme_n verden_n and_o pomeren_n prince_n of_o rugen_n and_o lord_n of_o wismar_n and_o to_o take_v place_n among_o the_o secular_a prince_n on_o the_o five_o seat_n in_o the_o say_a diet_n and_o in_o all_o controversy_n arise_v concern_v these_o territory_n to_o appeal_v to_o some_o of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n be_v court_n of_o judicature_n there_o to_o have_v they_o determine_v 4._o that_o the_o queen_n of_o sweden_n or_o her_o successor_n may_v have_v power_n to_o erect_v a_o university_n where_o they_o think_v most_o convenient_a in_o any_o part_n of_o these_o new_a dominion_n last_o that_o her_o majesty_n of_o sweden_n and_o her_o successor_n shall_v acknowledge_v all_o these_o possession_n as_o feudiatary_a to_o the_o emperor_n and_o receive_v all_o investiture_n from_o and_o as_o their_o predecessor_n and_o other_o vassal_n of_o the_o empire_n former_o use_v to_o do_v to_z take_v a_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n and_o allegiance_n to_o he_o and_o his_o imperial_a successor_n for_o ever_o by_o these_o additional_a dominion_n in_o pomeren_n and_o germany_n which_o at_o present_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o war_n between_o the_o two_o northern_a crown_n be_v very_o much_o disturb_v and_o in_o great_a confusion_n the_o king_n of_o sweden_n have_v as_o be_v say_v several_a new_a title_n confer_v upon_o they_o which_o with_o other_o that_o be_v take_v from_o their_o late_a conquest_n in_o livonia_n carelia_n etc._n etc._n make_v up_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a catalogue_n the_o present_a king_n style_v himself_o thus_o the_o most_o serene_a and_o most_o &c._n &c._n prince_n charles_n xi_o king_n of_o the_o swede_n goth_n and_o vandal_n and_o hereditary_a prince_n great_a prince_n of_o finland_n duke_n of_o schonen_fw-mi esthonia_n livonia_n carelia_n breme_n verde_n stetin_n pomeren_n cassubie_n and_o wenden_n prince_n of_o rugen_n lord_n of_o ingria_n and_o wismar_n count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n juliers_n cleves_n bergen_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o new_a accession_n in_o denmark_n within_o the_o baltic_a sea_n viz._n scania_n hallandia_n
light-horse_n as_o the_o king_n think_v fit_a and_o pay_v in_o yearly_a such_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n into_o the_o treasury_n but_o these_o be_v neither_o so_o numerous_a nor_o large_a as_o before_o the_o alteration_n of_o government_n in_o the_o year_n 1660._o again_o out_o of_o the_o nobility_n be_v choose_v all_o the_o court-officer_n of_o which_o the_o chief_a be_v 1._o court-officer_n court-officer_n the_o chancellor_n 2._o the_o admiral_n who_o take_v care_n of_o the_o building_n and_o repair_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o ship_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n he_o have_v under_o he_o a_o vice-admiral_n who_o act_v by_o his_o commission_n 3._o the_o marshal_n who_o provide_v necessary_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o dispatch_n in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n 4._o the_o treasurer_n who_o receive_v in_o and_z gives_z acquittance_n for_o all_o sum_n pay_v into_o the_o king_n exchequer_n he_o have_v under_o he_o two_o secretary_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o inferior_a scribe_n 5._o the_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n there_o be_v only_o seven_o bishopric_n in_o denmark_n bishopric_n bishopric_n which_o be_v all_o as_o in_o england_n in_o the_o king_n gift_n 1._o copenhagen_n where_o the_o bishop_n have_v archiepiscopal_a right_n though_o without_o the_o title_n 2._o ripen_v and_o 3._o arhusen_n both_o in_o the_o northern_a jutland_n 4._o odensee_n in_o funen_n 5._o wiburg_n 6._o arhusen_n 7._o sleswic_n in_o the_o southern_a jutland_n the_o city_n be_v govern_v by_o their_o distinct_a corporation_n citâ—â—â—_n citâ—â—â—_n and_o the_o citizen_n enjoy_v peculiar_a privilege_n and_o charter_n as_o in_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n the_o rustic_n be_v either_o freeholder_n frybunder_o rustic_n rustic_n such_o as_o have_v hereditary_a estate_n pay_v only_o some_o small_a quitrent_n to_o their_o landlord_n or_o wornede_v villain_n absolute_o in_o the_o power_n of_o their_o lord_n whilst_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n lie_v confuse_v and_o break_v into_o several_a incoherent_a part_n laâ—â—_n laâ—â—_n the_o province_n have_v not_o all_o the_o same_o law_n but_o be_v govern_v by_o peculiar_a statute_n establish_v by_o their_o petty_a but_o independent_a prince_n whence_o in_o danish_a author_n we_o meet_v often_o with_o mention_n make_v of_o the_o leges_fw-la scanicae_fw-la leges_fw-la sialandicae_n etc._n etc._n but_o afterward_o when_o all_o these_o scatter_a member_n come_v to_o be_v reunite_v under_o the_o same_o head_n they_o be_v all_o subject_n to_o the_o same_o government_n and_o law_n the_o law_n now_o in_o use_n be_v draw_v into_o one_o body_n which_o they_o call_v the_o jydske_n lowbog_n or_o the_o book_n of_o the_o law_n of_o jutland_n and_o establish_v by_o king_n waldemar_n the_o first_o and_o revise_v and_o confirm_v by_o waldemar_n the_o second_o to_o the_o observation_n of_o these_o as_o the_o only_a municipal_a law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n have_v former_o be_v swear_v at_o their_o coronation_n howbeit_o some_o of_o they_o have_v be_v since_o change_v as_o for_o instance_n by_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o denmark_n as_o well_o as_o in_o england_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o frequent_a mention_n of_o manbot_n and_o wergild_v in_o our_o english-saxon_a law_n murder_n be_v not_o punish_v with_o death_n but_o a_o pecuniary_a mulct_n this_o custom_n be_v observe_v till_o the_o day_n of_o christian_a the_o three_o who_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o constitution_n inconsistent_a with_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o dictate_v of_o humane_a reason_n abrogate_a it_o order_v that_o from_o thenceforward_o wilful_a murder_n shall_v be_v judge_v a_o capital_a crime_n the_o ancient_a dane_n be_v so_o careful_a and_o zealous_a to_o transmit_v their_o estate_n to_o their_o right_a heir_n that_o though_o they_o can_v be_v so_o merciful_a as_o to_o suffer_v murderer_n to_o live_v yet_o they_o punish_v adultery_n with_o death_n which_o law_n be_v still_o in_o force_n in_o saxony_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o any_o sachsen-spiegel_n and_o many_o other_o part_n of_o germany_n the_o fashion_n of_o decide_v all_o manner_n of_o cause_n in_o our_o english_a court_n by_o a_o jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n judicature_n judicature_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v be_v borrow_v from_o the_o dane_n who_o use_v former_o as_o they_o do_v still_o in_o some_o part_n of_o jutland_n to_o assemble_v every_o parish_n by_o themselves_o once_o a_o year_n in_o the_o field_n to_o determine_v all_o difference_n by_o twelve_o select_a man_n from_o who_o if_o the_o disagree_a party_n be_v not_o reconcile_v a_o appeal_n lie_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o province_n and_o thence_o to_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o justice_n as_o be_v show_v before_o the_o heathen_a dane_n have_v another_o way_n of_o determine_v controversy_n by_o duel_n in_o which_o the_o challenger_n be_v to_o demonstrate_v the_o justice_n of_o his_o cause_n by_o his_o success_n this_o custom_n last_v till_o the_o first_o plant_n of_o christianity_n by_o poppo_n who_o to_o confirm_v the_o truth_n of_o his_o doctrine_n take_v up_o with_o his_o bare_a hand_n glowing-hot_a bar_n of_o iron_n without_o the_o least_o harm_n to_o the_o admiration_n of_o all_o beholder_n this_o miracle_n wrought_v not_o only_o a_o change_n in_o the_o religion_n but_o law_n also_o of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o hereupon_o king_n sueno_n or_o suenotto_n order_v that_o thence_o forward_a all_o person_n accuse_v of_o any_o heinous_a crime_n shall_v clear_v themselves_o by_o carry_v in_o their_o hand_n a_o glow_a ploughshare_n or_o some_o other_o piece_n of_o hot_a iron_n this_o kind_n of_o purge_v be_v call_v by_o some_o of_o the_o danish_a writer_n jerntegn_n i._n e._n iron-token_n by_o other_o ordale_n whence_o this_o last_o word_n shall_v fetch_v its_o original_n be_v not_o agree_v on_o by_o our_o modern_a etymologist_n verstegan_n bring_v it_o from_o or_o a_o old_a word_n for_o law_n and_o deal_v a_o part_n or_o portion_n and_o indeed_o the_o german_a word_n vhrteil_n seem_v to_o favour_v this_o derivation_n our_o forefather_n the_o saxon_n have_v borrow_v from_o the_o dane_n several_a kind_n of_o ordale_n as_o by_o carry_v a_o bar_n of_o hot_a iron_n up_o to_o the_o high_a altar_n bare_a hand_n by_o tread_v barefoot_a and_o blindfold_a over_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o glow_a bar_n lay_v on_o the_o ground_n at_o unequal_a distance_n by_o thrust_v the_o naked_a arm_n into_o a_o pot_n of_o boil_a water_n and_o last_o as_o they_o use_v to_o try_v witch_n by_o throw_v the_o accuse_a party_n into_o a_o river_n or_o deep_a vessel_n of_o cold_a water_n he_o that_o desire_v to_o see_v a_o exact_a account_n of_o the_o ceremony_n use_v in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o kind_n of_o ordale_n may_v read_v they_o at_o large_a in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n of_o king_n athelstane_n publish_v by_o the_o learned_a sr._n henry_n spelman_n council_n britann_n tom_fw-mi 1._o pag._n 404._o and_o in_o the_o same_o king_n law_n as_o they_o be_v publish_v by_o mr._n lambard_n you_o have_v the_o other_o two_o sort_n describe_v the_o first_o that_o thorough_o abolish_v all_o kind_n of_o ordale_n in_o denmark_n be_v king_n waldemar_n the_o second_o about_o the_o year_n 1240_o at_o the_o request_n of_o pope_n innocent_a the_o three_o who_o think_v it_o a_o intolerable_a and_o heinous_a impiety_n thus_o to_o tempt_v god_n barclay_n in_o his_o icon_n animorum_fw-la wonder_n that_o such_o innumerable_a swarm_n of_o man_n shall_v sally_v out_o of_o these_o part_n as_o be_v able_a to_o overrun_v the_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n whereas_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v such_o a_o scarcity_n of_o inhabitant_n that_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n be_v hardly_o able_a to_o wage_v war_n with_o any_o of_o his_o neighbour_n without_o a_o supply_n of_o soldier_n out_o of_o foreign_a country_n but_o this_o be_v no_o such_o great_a miracle_n when_o we_o consider_v how_o the_o vast_a empire_n in_o the_o world_n assyria_n egypt_n judaea_n and_o rome_n itself_o vain_o flatter_v with_o the_o name_n of_o vrbs_fw-la aeterna_fw-la have_v have_v their_o period_n the_o great_a strength_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n as_o of_o all_o prince_n of_o isle_n consist_v chief_o in_o the_o number_n of_o their_o mariner_n and_o good_a ship_n in_o all_o skirmish_n and_o war_n between_o the_o dane_n and_o swede_n it_o be_v obvious_a to_o observe_v how_o much_o the_o latter_a have_v usual_o prevail_v at_o land_n and_o the_o former_a at_o sea_n christian_n the_o second_o upon_o a_o short_a warning_n fit_v out_o a_o hundred_o good_a man_n of_o war_n to_o aid_n henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o france_n against_o the_o english_a and_o this_o present_a king_n have_v a_o much_o large_a fleet_n always_o ready_a for_o action_n the_o danish_a king_n can_v afford_v to_o build_v yearly_o twelve_o man_n of_o war_n without_o impoverish_v his_o exchequer_n and_o in_o this_o naval_a force_n the_o
of_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o people_n who_o flock_n hither_o for_o justice_n in_o all_o cause_n civil_a and_o criminal_a it_o be_v former_o call_v cimmersbeg_n as_o be_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o ancient_a cimbrian_o tacitus_n call_v it_o civitatem_fw-la parvam_fw-la but_o withal_o that_o it_o have_v be_v a_o glorious_a and_o strong_a hold_n and_o the_o metropolis_n of_o a_o terrible_a and_o warlike_a nation_n whence_o and_o when_o it_o get_v the_o name_n wiberg_n be_v not_o easy_o determine_v some_o tell_v we_o that_o after_o the_o many_o petty_a principality_n of_o the_o cimbrian_o be_v unite_v into_o one_o monarchy_n by_o wiglet_n this_o city_n lose_v its_o ancient_a name_n and_o be_v call_v after_o the_o prince_n wigburg_n corrupt_v by_o degree_n into_o wiberg_n elnot_n in_o the_o life_n of_o st._n canutus_n say_v it_o have_v its_o new_a name_n from_o wig_n a_o idol_n worship_v in_o this_o place_n i_o rather_o think_v it_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o danish_a pirate_n call_v former_o wig_n or_o wikenger_n for_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n in_o the_o northern_a country_n where_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v more_o than_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o land_n can_v sustain_v for_o young_a nobleman_n to_o live_v of_o what_o they_o can_v catch_v abroad_o as_o the_o lacedaemonian_n think_v robbery_n so_o these_o fancy_a piracy_n lawful_a and_o glorious_a whence_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n will_v often_o turn_v pirate_n and_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o title_n of_o king_n though_o they_o have_v not_o the_o least_o dominion_n at_o land_n as_o the_o norwegian_a history_n report_v of_o st._n olaus_n the_o most_o notorious_a pirate_n mention_v by_o the_o northern_a historian_n be_v the_o jomswikinger_n who_o dwell_v in_o the_o city_n wollin_n call_v ancient_o jomsberg_n where_o they_o have_v establish_v certain_a law_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o magistrate_n and_o governor_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o royal_a family_n cambden_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o dane_n be_v usual_o understand_v by_o the_o name_n viccingi_n in_o the_o latin_a writer_n of_o our_o english_a history_n because_o say_v he_o they_o be_v profess_v pirate_n in_o our_o learned_a king_n aelfred_n translation_n of_o bede_n ecclesiastical_a history_n pirate_n be_v call_v wicengas_n and_o wicing_n and_o mr._n cambden_n guess_v probable_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o glocestershire_n worcestershire_n etc._n etc._n be_v former_o call_v wiccii_n from_o the_o sea-robbery_n commit_v daily_o by_o they_o upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o severn_n the_o english-saxons_a name_v a_o stout_a warrior_n wiga_n skill_n in_o war_n wig-chaept_a a_o fort_n wighus_o etc._n etc._n in_o the_o old_a francic_a history_n of_o the_o life_n of_o st._n anno_fw-la archbishop_n of_o cologne_n we_o read_v ninus_n hiz_v der_fw-mi eristi_fw-la mann_n de_fw-fr dir_fw-mi ie_fw-fr volc_n wigis_fw-la begin_v i._n e._n ninus_n be_v the_o first_o that_o ever_o make_v war_n and_o in_o willeramus_n paraphrase_n upon_o the_o canticle_n wighuis_n be_v a_o castle_n wiigfimme_v the_o art_n of_o combat_n etc._n etc._n nial_n runic_a history_n say_v gunnar_n var_fw-mi alra_fw-mi manna_n best_a viigur_n deira_fw-la sem_fw-mi de_fw-fr voru_fw-fr a_o island_n i.e._n gunnar_n be_v the_o best_a champion_n that_o live_v in_o island_n in_o his_o day_n from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o seem_v very_o probable_a that_o wiberg_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o wigton_n the_o name_n of_o several_a great_a town_n in_o england_n and_o scotland_n and_o the_o scot_n still_o retain_v so_o much_o of_o the_o old_a saxon_a word_n wig_n as_o to_o call_v soldier_n and_o pillager_n of_o the_o country_n wig_n or_o wiganeer_n there_o have_v be_v for_o some_o year_n a_o quarrel_n between_o the_o bishop_n of_o alburg_n and_o wiburg_n about_o precedency_n each_o pretend_v his_o bishopric_n the_o more_o ancient_a it_o be_v very_o hard_a if_o not_o impossible_a to_o decide_v the_o controversy_n except_o we_o date_n the_o first_o institution_n of_o the_o bishopric_n of_o alburg_n from_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o bishop_n palace_n to_o that_o city_n for_o the_o bishopric_n of_o wiburg_n and_o borlum_n be_v both_o found_v in_o one_o year_n by_o sueno_n esthrith_n who_o make_v heribert_n bishop_n of_o wiburg_n the_o same_o time_n that_o he_o give_v borlum_n to_o magnus_n witfield_n give_v wiburg_n the_o precedency_n but_o alburg_n be_v reckon_v the_o better_a and_o more_o honourable_a preferment_n by_o other_o danish_a writer_n from_o the_o high_a court_n of_o judicature_n hold_v at_o wiburg_n the_o jutlander_n can_v make_v no_o appeal_n save_v to_o the_o king_n himself_o the_o most_o memorable_a bay_n in_o this_o diocese_n be_v sallingsundt_n virckesundt_fw-mi hualpsundt_fw-mi sebersundt_fw-mi and_o othesundt_n the_o last_o of_o which_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o emperor_n otho_n the_o first_o who_o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o jutland_n about_o the_o year_n 948_o come_v as_o far_o as_o this_o bay_n into_o which_o he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v cast_v his_o spear_n and_o give_v it_o the_o name_n it_o retain_v to_o this_o day_n the_o most_o considerable_a and_o fruitful_a part_n of_o this_o diocese_n be_v salling_n a_o peninsula_n in_o the_o limfiord_n whence_o be_v bring_v the_o best_a horse_n that_o be_v to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n dominion_n the_o name_n of_o this_o province_n seem_v to_o point_v out_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o old_a sabalingi_n who_o ptolomey_n make_v a_o people_n inhabit_v some_o part_n of_o the_o cimbrian_a chersonese_n but_o more_o southerly_a than_o salling_n the_o chief_a river_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o wiburg_n be_v gudius_n gutalus_n or_o guddenus_n call_v by_o the_o native_n gudden_a aa_n and_o store_v with_o plenty_n of_o fish_n arhuse_n be_v a_o neat_a and_o pleasant_a seaport_n town_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n arhusen_n arhusen_n whence_o etymologist_n derive_v its_o name_n from_o aar-hus_a i._n e._n the_o house_n of_o oar_n which_o be_v a_o much_o more_o probable_a conjecture_n than_o be_v bring_v by_o pontanus_n who_o fetch_v the_o word_n arhusen_n from_o ptolomy_n harudes_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o danish_a historian_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v first_o make_v a_o bishop_n see_v about_o the_o year_n 1014._o though_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o poppo_n be_v make_v bishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n its_o original_n must_v be_v fetch_v as_o high_a as_o the_o year_n 992._o the_o cathedral_n at_o arhuse_n be_v a_o neat_a piece_n of_o architecture_n adorn_v with_o several_a rich_a monument_n of_o bishop_n noblemen_z etc._n etc._n the_o bishop_n palace_n have_v lie_v many_o year_n in_o its_o ruin_n which_o still_o retain_v mark_n of_o its_o ancient_a splendour_n and_o grandeur_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o jutland_n and_o furnish_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n that_o the_o country_n afford_v at_o a_o very_a reasonable_a rate_n and_o what_o foreign_a commodity_n either_o the_o need_n or_o luxury_n of_o its_o citizen_n call_v for_o be_v bring_v daily_o in_o by_o the_o mariner_n in_o this_o diocese_n there_o be_v thirty_o one_o judicature_n seven_o city_n three_o hundred_o and_o four_o parish_n and_o five_o fort_n the_o strong_a of_o which_o be_v schanderborch_n or_o schonderborch_n i.e._n the_o neat_a castle_n seat_v on_o the_o gudden_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n of_o note_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o arhusen_n be_v 1._o horsen_a on_o the_o south_n of_o arhusen_n 2._o randruse_v a_o place_n famous_a for_o the_o best_a salmon_n in_o jutland_n 3._o ebeltod_a on_o the_o baltic_a coast_n a_o town_n of_o considerable_a trade_n the_o bishopric_n of_o ripen_v ripen_v ripen_v border_v on_o the_o southern_a jutland_n contain_v in_o it_o seven_o city_n two_o hundred_o eighty_o two_o parish_n ten_o castle_n and_o a_o hundred_o nobleman_n house_n it_o be_v seat_v upon_o the_o clear_a and_o sweet_a river_n nipsaa_n which_o part_v itself_o into_o three_o stream_n divide_v the_o town_n into_o as_o many_o part_n and_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o city_n arm_n which_o be_v three_o lion_n here_o about_o ptolemy_n seem_v to_o place_v his_o cimbros_n phundusios_fw-gr that_o this_o city_n shall_v have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o latin_a word_n ripa_n upon_o its_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n be_v no_o great_a wonder_n if_o we_o consider_v that_o whilst_o the_o native_n of_o these_o part_n busy_v themselves_o chief_o in_o fortify_v and_o people_n their_o great_a ciity_n it_o be_v ordinary_a for_o the_o german_n roman_n and_o other_o foreigner_n to_o give_v name_n to_o small_a village_n upon_o the_o seacoast_n which_o after_o a_o revolution_n of_o some_o year_n by_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o brisk_a sea-trade_n grow_v bulky_a and_o be_v often_o advance_v into_o large_a corporation_n the_o cathedral_n be_v a_o stately_a fabric_n of_o hew_a stone_n beautify_v with_o a_o tower_n of_o a_o incredible_a height_n which_o
endeavour_n to_o prove_v that_o xen._n lampsacenus_n mention_n the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o thence_o conclude_v that_o this_o name_n be_v much_o more_o ancient_a than_o most_o of_o the_o modern_a geographer_n fancy_n who_o make_v adam_n bremensis_n and_o helmoldus_n the_o first_o author_n that_o call_v this_o bay_a mare_n balthicum_n but_o he_o that_o shall_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o examine_v pliny_n word_n upon_o this_o occasion_n will_v find_v that_o no_o mention_n be_v there_o make_v of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n but_o of_o a_o island_n only_o in_o these_o part_n call_v baltia_n which_o be_v now_o name_v schonen_fw-mi but_o be_v not_o as_o the_o ancient_n imagine_v a_o isle_n from_o this_o baltia_n some_o think_v this_o sea_n be_v call_v baltic_n as_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o island_n adria_n other_o more_o happy_o derive_v the_o word_n from_o the_o danish_a and_o english_a word_n belt_n because_o seeland_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n dominion_n be_v gird_v round_o with_o this_o bay_n and_o to_o this_o day_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o seeland_n and_o funen_n call_v that_o small_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o part_n these_o two_o island_n die_v belt_n pomponius_n mela_n who_o be_v follow_v by_o many_o late_a writer_n of_o good_a note_n call_v the_o baltic_a sea_n sinus_n codanus_n which_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o the_o danish_a bay_n for_o codanus_n godanus_n or_o gedanus_n be_v the_o same_o with_o danus_n and_o gedanum_n and_o dantiscum_n signify_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o indeed_o when_o we_o consider_v what_o a_o large_a portion_n of_o the_o danish_a kingdom_n be_v encircle_v with_o the_o sea_n we_o shall_v find_v reason_n enough_o notwithstanding_o the_o late_a surrender_n of_o several_a island_n to_o the_o swede_n to_o let_v it_o still_o retain_v this_o its_o ancient_a name_n the_o most_o considerable_a island_n in_o the_o baltic_a which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o denmark_n be_v these_o that_o follow_v fionia_n fionia_n or_o funen_n be_v part_v from_o jutland_n by_o a_o straight_a of_o the_o baltic_a call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n medelfarsund_v about_o one_o german_a mile_n in_o breadth_n and_o separate_v from_o seeland_n by_o the_o beltis-sund_a or_o baltic_n bay_n the_o length_n of_o it_o from_o east_n to_o west_n be_v about_o ten_o german_a mile_n and_o the_o breadth_n eight_o saxon_a grammaticus_n lyscander_n and_o most_o of_o the_o danish_a writer_n make_v this_o the_o pleasant_a piece_n of_o ground_n in_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n dominion_n whence_o they_o have_v fancy_v the_o island_n have_v its_o name_n from_o fine_a which_o have_v the_o same_o signification_n in_o funen_n as_o in_o england_n though_o adam_n bremensis_n may_v seem_v to_o favour_v this_o conceit_n in_o call_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o island_n finni_n and_o their_o country_n finningia_n and_o pontanus_n allow_v the_o etymology_n yet_o methinks_v stephanius_n guess_v better_a at_o the_o derivation_n of_o the_o word_n when_o he_o fetch_v it_o from_o fion_n which_o in_o the_o old_a runic_a monument_n signify_v a_o neck_n of_o land_n rend_v from_o the_o continent_n and_o such_o any_o man_n will_v suppose_v funen_n to_o be_v who_o shall_v have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o view_v that_o slender_a frith_n which_o at_o this_o day_n separate_v that_o island_n from_o jutland_n the_o island_n abound_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o corn_n especial_o wheat_n and_o rye_n which_o be_v hence_o yearly_o transport_v in_o great_a quantity_n into_o other_o nation_n beside_o the_o native_n have_v general_o great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n and_o very_o good_a breed_v of_o horse_n the_o wood_n which_o overspread_v almost_o the_o whole_a island_n be_v exceed_o well_o store_v with_o deer_n hare_n and_o fox_n the_o chief_a city_n in_o this_o island_n be_v ottensee_n which_o some_o will_v have_v to_o take_v its_o name_n from_o woden_n the_o great_a god_n of_o the_o ancient_a dane_n who_o some_o of_o their_o historian_n call_v othin_n or_o odin_n other_o more_o probable_o say_v it_o be_v build_v by_o the_o emperor_n otho_n the_o first_o who_o overrun_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o danish_a kingdom_n and_o leave_v his_o name_n in_o more_o place_n than_o one_o this_o opinion_n seem_v to_o be_v confirm_v by_o a_o letter_n write_v by_o the_o emperor_n otho_n the_o three_o about_o the_o year_n 987_o in_o which_o this_o city_n be_v name_v vrbs_fw-la othonesvigensis_n pontanus_n think_v it_o be_v first_o build_v by_o king_n harald_n who_o to_o testify_v his_o gratitude_n to_o the_o forementioned_a emperor_n otho_n the_o first_o by_o who_o procurement_n he_o be_v convert_v to_o christianity_n call_v it_o ottonia_n or_o ottensche_n and_o his_o son_n suenotto_n this_o city_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o island_n and_o therefore_o in_o a_o fit_a place_n for_o the_o session_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o magistracy_n which_o be_v yearly_o hold_v in_o this_o place_n as_o be_v likewise_o the_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n before_o the_o year_n 1660._o the_o building_n in_o this_o town_n be_v general_o well_o build_v and_o the_o street_n uniform_a beside_o other_o public_a building_n there_o be_v in_o it_o two_o fair_a church_n whereof_o one_o be_v dedicate_v to_o st._n cnute_n the_o other_o to_o st._n francis_n not_o far_o from_o the_o former_a of_o these_o stand_v a_o stately_a town-hall_n upon_o a_o very_a spacious_a marketplace_n where_o king_n frideric_n ii_o renew_v the_o ancient_a league_n between_o the_o crown_n of_o denmark_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n and_o sleswic_n in_o the_o year_n 1575._o when_o the_o choir_n of_o st._n cnute_n church_n be_v repair_v in_o the_o year_n 1582_o the_o workman_n find_v in_o a_o vault_n a_o copper_n coffin_a gild_a and_o adorn_v with_o precious_a stone_n upon_o which_o be_v write_v the_o follow_a inscription_n in_o old_a latin-gothic_a character_n jam_fw-la coelo_fw-la tutus_fw-la summo_fw-la cum_fw-la rege_fw-la canutus_n martyr_n in_o aurata_fw-la rex_fw-la atque_fw-la reconditur_fw-la arca_fw-la et_fw-la pro_fw-la justitiae_fw-la factis_fw-la occisus_fw-la inque_fw-la ut_fw-la christum_fw-la vita_fw-la sic_fw-la morte_fw-la fatetur_fw-la in_o ipsa_fw-la traditur_fw-la a_o proprio_fw-la sicut_fw-la deus_fw-la ipse_fw-la ministro_fw-la a.d._n mlxxxvi_o other_o town_n of_o note_n in_o funen_n be_v 1._o bowens_n a_o port-town_n of_o good_a trade_n seat_v on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o island_n at_o the_o north-end_n of_o medelfarsund_n 2._o middlefar_n seat_v on_o the_o common_a passage_n from_o this_o island_n to_o kolding_n in_o jutland_n on_o the_o thirty_o of_o january_n in_o the_o year_n 1658._o carolus_n gustavus_n king_n of_o sweden_n lead_v his_o army_n over_o the_o ice_n to_o this_o place_n and_o have_v rout_v the_o danish_a force_n that_o oppose_v he_o make_v himself_o absolute_a master_n of_o the_o whole_a isle_n of_o funen_n 3._o ascens_fw-la not_o far_o from_o the_o mountain_n of_o ossenburgh_n where_o john_n de_fw-fr hoy_n nicholas_n fechlenburgh_n and_o gustavus_n troll_n bishop_n of_o vpsal_n be_v slay_v and_o their_o army_n command_v by_o christopher_n earl_n of_o oldenburgh_n total_o rout_v by_o john_n rantzaw_v king_n christian_n the_o three_o general_n who_o level_v this_o city_n to_o the_o ground_n 4._o foborg_n upon_o the_o southern_a coast_n of_o the_o island_n it_o be_v once_o burn_v by_o the_o unruly_a soldier_n of_o christian_a the_o three_o whilst_o odensee_n adhere_v to_o the_o captive_a prince_n christian_n the_o second_o who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v keep_v close_a prisoner_n at_o sunderburg_n redeem_v itself_o from_o the_o like_a fate_n by_o a_o large_a sum_n of_o money_n 5._o swynborg_n over_o against_o the_o island_n of_o langland_n from_o this_o place_n carolus_n gustavus_n king_n of_o sweden_n lead_v his_o army_n over_o the_o ice_n into_o seeland_n in_o the_o year_n 1658._o 6._o nyborg_n the_o usual_a passage_n from_o funen_n into_o seeland_n this_o city_n be_v first_o fortify_v with_o a_o moat_n and_o bulwark_n by_o king_n christian_n the_o three_o it_o be_v very_o memorable_a for_o the_o battle_n fight_v by_o the_o confederate_n of_o the_o empire_n brandenburg_n poland_n and_o the_o low_a country_n in_o the_o year_n 1659._o against_o the_o swede_n who_o in_o that_o engagement_n be_v overthrow_v and_o utter_o rout_v out_o of_o funen_n beside_o the_o great_a town_n mention_v there_o be_v in_o funen_n a_o great_a number_n of_o fair_a village_n among_o which_o they_o reckon_v up_o no_o less_o than_o 264_o parish_n church_n seeland_n seeland_n the_o large_a fair_a and_o most_o fruitful_a island_n in_o the_o baltic_a sea_n lie_v to_o the_o east_n of_o funen_n from_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o by_o the_o belt_n on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v part_v from_o schonen_fw-mi by_o a_o small_a frith_n call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n oresundt_fw-mi through_o which_o
people_n what_o the_o reader_n miss_v in_o the_o general_a description_n of_o norway_n may_v possible_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o the_o follow_a one_o of_o island_n the_o prefecture_n of_o masterland_n this_o prefecture_n take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o chief_a city_n in_o it_o seat_v on_o a_o rocky_a peninsula_n and_o famous_a for_o its_o great_a trade_n in_o herring_n and_o other_o sea-fish_n this_o city_n with_o two_o more_o of_o less_o note_n congel_n and_o oddawald_n and_o the_o adjoin_a country_n be_v command_v by_o the_o strong_a castle_n of_o bahus_n now_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n it_o be_v first_o build_v by_o haquin_n iv_o king_n of_o norway_n about_o the_o year_n 1309_o upon_o a_o steep_a rock_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n trollet_n and_o be_v then_o look_v upon_o as_o the_o best_a fort_n that_o king_n have_v in_o his_o dominion_n and_o a_o sufficient_a bulwark_n against_o the_o daily_a assault_n and_o incursion_n of_o the_o swede_n and_o westro-goth_n the_o bishopric_n of_o anslo_n and_o staffenger_n with_o the_o province_n of_o aggerhuse_v anslo_n call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n opslo_n and_o by_o some_o latin_a writer_n asloa_n be_v first_o build_v by_o king_n harold_n cotemporary_a with_o sueno_n esthritius_n king_n of_o denmark_n who_o frequent_o keep_v his_o residence_n in_o this_o city_n here_o be_v hold_v the_o chief_a court_n of_o judicature_n for_o all_o norway_n wherein_o all_o cause_n and_o suit_n at_o law_n be_v hear_v and_o determine_v before_o the_o governor_n who_o act_v as_o viceroy_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o cathedral_n be_v dedicate_v to_o st._n alward_n who_o take_v great_a pain_n in_o preach_v the_o gospel_n to_o the_o norwegian_a heathen_n in_o this_o church_n be_v to_o be_v show_v the_o sword_n of_o haquin_n one_o of_o their_o ancient_a king_n a_o signal_n testimony_n if_o the_o story_n they_o tell_v of_o it_o be_v true_a of_o the_o strength_n and_o admirable_a art_n of_o some_o norwegian_n of_o 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constant_o before_o any_o grand_a alteration_n in_o the_o state_n or_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n in_o this_o province_n beside_o the_o place_n already_o mention_v stand_v the_o city_n of_o tonsberg_n fridericstadt_n saltsburgh_n and_o scheen_n which_o have_v all_o a_o considerable_a trade_n from_o the_o copper_n and_o iron_n mine_n which_o hereabout_o be_v in_o great_a number_n then_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v in_o this_o province_n that_o the_o silver_n mine_n mention_v before_o be_v first_o discover_v at_o the_o expense_n of_o christian_a iu._n king_n of_o denmark_n and_o some_o of_o the_o adjoin_a hill_n be_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n to_o this_o day_n call_v silver-bergen_a or_o the_o mountain_n of_o silver_n to_o these_o mine_n and_o the_o lofty_a wood_n of_o pine_n and_o fir-tree_n with_o which_o this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v overspread_v the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n owe_v the_o great_a part_n of_o if_o not_o all_o its_o trade_n the_o city_n of_o staffenger_n lie_v in_o 59_o degree_n some_o reckon_v 60_o and_o a_o great_a many_o odd_a minute_n of_o latitude_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o peninsuia_fw-la upon_o a_o great_a bay_n of_o the_o northern_a ocean_n full_a of_o small_a island_n and_o guard_v by_o the_o strong_a castle_n of_o doeswick_n which_o lie_v about_o two_o english_a mile_n from_o the_o town_n in_o civil_a affair_n this_o city_n be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o bergenhusen_n though_o it_o have_v its_o own_o peculiar_a bishop_n constant_o reside_v in_o the_o town_n the_o whole_a bishopric_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o several_a district_n of_o stavangersteen_n dalarne_n jaren_n listerleen_n mandalsleen_n nedenesleen_n and_o abygdelag_n thomas_n conrade_n hvegner_n bishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n in_o the_o year_n 1641_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o collect_v a_o great_a number_n of_o runic_a inscription_n which_o lie_v scatter_v up_o and_o down_o his_o diocese_n some_o of_o which_o be_v publish_v by_o wormius_n who_o further_o inform_v we_o that_o this_o conrad_n predecessor_n who_o name_n he_o omit_v write_v a_o topographical_n description_n of_o this_o city_n and_o bishopric_n beyond_o the_o bay_n appear_v the_o island_n schutenes_n three_o german_a mile_n in_o length_n but_o scarce_o half_a a_o one_o in_o breadth_n between_o this_o island_n which_o have_v in_o it_o several_a considerable_a village_n and_o the_o continent_n run_v up_o a_o narrow_a frith_n to_o bergen_n which_o be_v call_v by_o the_o dutch_a merchant_n to_o liedt_n van_fw-mi berghen_fw-mi to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o staffenger_n belong_v the_o province_n of_o tillemarch_n or_o thylemarch_n which_o give_v procopius_n the_o first_o ground_n for_o that_o assertion_n of_o he_o which_o he_o defend_v with_o so_o great_a vehemency_n viz._n that_o scandinavia_n take_v in_o its_o large_a extent_n of_o which_o thylemarch_n be_v a_o very_a inconsiderable_a part_n be_v the_o ancient_a thule_n the_o parish_n of_o hollen_n in_o this_o province_n be_v very_o remarkable_a for_o a_o churchyard_n or_o bury_v place_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o church_n dedicate_v to_o st._n michael_n which_o be_v cut_v out_o of_o a_o great_a high_a rock_n call_v by_o the_o vicenage_n vear_n upon_o the_o lake_n nordsee_n half_o a_o mile_n distant_a from_o scheen_n wormius_n think_v it_o be_v former_o a_o heathenish_a temple_n but_o convert_v to_o christian_a use_n upon_o the_o first_o plant_n of_o the_o gospel_n in_o this_o kingdom_n the_o prefecture_n and_o bishopric_n of_o berghen_n this_o bishopric_n the_o most_o fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a part_n of_o all_o norway_n lie_v to_o the_o north_n of_o aggerhusen_n in_o the_o middle_n or_o heart_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o derive_v its_o name_n from_o the_o fair_a and_o noble_a emporium_n or_o mart-town_n of_o berghen_n or_o else_o from_o the_o strong_a castle_n of_o berghenhusen_n the_o usual_a seat_n of_o the_o viceroy_n of_o norway_n at_o a_o small_a distance_n from_o berghen_n northward_o berghen_n a_o ancient_a and_o famous_a seaport_n town_n mention_v by_o pomponius_n mela_n and_o pliny_n be_v the_o granary_n and_o magazine_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o norway_n it_o lie_v distant_a from_o bahusen_n about_o a_o hundred_o german_a mile_n by_o sea_n and_o sixty_o by_o land_n from_o truntheim_n as_o many_o from_o schagen_n the_o outmost_a promontory_n of_o jutland_n almost_o eighty_o some_o have_v fetch_v its_o name_n from_o the_o norwegian_a verb_n bergen_n which_o signify_v to_o hide_v or_o conceal_v because_o the_o haven_n be_v surround_v with_o hill_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o sculking-place_n for_o ship_n where_o vesfel_n of_o two_o hundred_o tun_n and_o upward_o ride_v in_o a_o spacious_a and_o most_o secure_a harbour_n free_a from_o all_o danger_n of_o wind_n and_o weather_n but_o we_o need_v not_o trouble_v ourselves_o any_o further_a for_o the_o derivation_n of_o the_o name_n then_o to_o consider_v that_o berghen_n in_o the_o norwegian_a language_n signify_v mountain_n and_o berghenhusen_a a_o company_n of_o house_n among_o the_o hill_n the_o building_n in_o this_o city_n till_o within_o these_o few_o year_n be_v exceed_o mean_a and_o contemptible_a most_o of_o they_o of_o wood_n cover_v with_o green_a turf_n and_o therefore_o frequent_o burn_v down_o but_o of_o late_a the_o hamburgher_n lubecker_n hollander_n and_o other_o that_o trade_n this_o way_n have_v beautify_v the_o town_n with_o a_o exchange_n and_o a_o great_a many_o private_a house_n of_o credit_n the_o most_o peculiar_a trade_n of_o this_o city_n lie_v in_o a_o kind_n of_o stockfish_n catch_v upon_o these_o coast_n and_o thence_o call_v usual_o by_o the_o norway_n merchant_n berghenvisch_n this_o the_o fisherman_n take_v in_o winter_n common_o in_o january_n for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o dry_v it_o in_o the_o cold_a and_o sharp_a air_n beside_o hither_o fur_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o vast_a quantity_n of_o dry_a
fish_n butter_n tallow_n hides_n etc._n etc._n be_v bring_v from_o all_o part_n of_o norway_n to_o be_v ship_v off_o into_o other_o country_n the_o townsman_n not_o many_o year_n ago_o observe_v the_o daily_a increase_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o stranger_n which_o it_o draw_v from_o all_o part_n and_o fear_v they_o themselves_o may_v at_o last_o be_v prejudice_v by_o a_o unlimited_a and_o general_a admission_n of_o foreign_a tradesman_n and_o merchant_n into_o their_o city_n make_v a_o order_n that_o whoever_o will_v after_o such_o a_o time_n be_v admit_v a_o freeman_n of_o the_o town_n shall_v either_o be_v whip_v at_o a_o game_n institute_v upon_o this_o occasion_n and_o call_v by_o they_o gantenspill_n or_o roll_v in_o mud_n and_o dirt_n or_o last_o hang_v in_o a_o basket_n over_o some_o intolerable_a and_o filthy_a smoke_n this_o hard_a usage_n quick_o diminish_v the_o number_n of_o foreigner_n who_o fancy_v it_o scarce_o worth_n their_o while_n to_o purchase_v their_o freedom_n at_o so_o dear_a and_o scandalous_a a_o rate_n but_o of_o late_a the_o industry_n and_o skill_n as_o well_o as_o number_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n increase_n these_o barbarous_a custom_n be_v lay_v aside_o and_o the_o citizen_n themselves_o be_v now_o able_a to_o export_v what_o be_v former_o fetch_v away_o from_o they_o the_o bishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n be_v heretofore_o under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o truntheim_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o berghen_n be_v subject_a the_o prefecture_n of_o sudhornleen_n nordhornleen_n soghne_n sudfiord_n norfiord_n and_o sundmerleen_n the_o prefecture_n and_o bishopric_n of_o nidrosia_n or_o truntheim_n the_o four_o castle_n and_o government_n in_o norway_n be_v that_o of_o the_o city_n nidrosia_n as_o it_o be_v ancient_o call_v from_o the_o river_n nider_n on_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v or_o truntheim_n former_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n and_o archbishop_n of_o norway_n pontanus_n somewhere_o call_v this_o city_n the_o cabinet_n of_o all_o the_o norwegian_a monument_n but_o wormius_n find_v no_o great_a reason_n to_o confer_v so_o honourable_a a_o title_n upon_o it_o when_o after_o a_o diligent_a search_n into_o the_o antiquity_n old_a monument_n and_o relic_n of_o the_o primitive_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o kingdom_n he_o meet_v with_o no_o more_o than_o three_o runic_a inscription_n in_o this_o whole_a diocese_n the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o haven_n make_v this_o place_n resort_v to_o by_o some_o mariner_n and_o merchant_n to_o this_o day_n but_o the_o ruin_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o look_v more_o like_o a_o village_n than_o city_n not_o have_v have_v any_o opportunity_n of_o recover_v its_o former_a splendour_n since_o it_o be_v burn_v down_o in_o the_o year_n 1522._o its_o house_n be_v a_o company_n of_o old_a fashion_a and_o rot_a building_n and_o the_o king_n palace_n be_v decay_v below_o the_o meanness_n of_o a_o english_a cottage_n however_o something_o of_o its_o ancient_a grandeur_n still_o appear_v in_o the_o cathedral_n dedicate_v to_o st._n olaus_n which_o though_o almost_o consume_v by_o fire_n yet_o by_o the_o ruin_n show_v itself_o to_o have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o magnificent_a and_o large_a structure_n in_o the_o world_n in_o this_o church_n the_o huntsman_n be_v wont_a to_o make_v a_o yearly_a offering_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o large_a and_o stout_a white_a bear_n which_o they_o kill_v for_o the_o priest_n to_o tread_v upon_o at_o divine_a service_n groneland_n and_o iseland_n be_v former_o part_n of_o the_o diocese_n of_o truntheim_n but_o now_o this_o bishopric_n be_v not_o of_o so_o large_a a_o extent_n in_o the_o castle_n reside_v the_o governor_n of_o the_o whole_a prefecture_n of_o truntheim_n who_o have_v under_o he_o several_a other_o governor_n of_o lesser_a province_n in_o the_o country_n a_o little_a beyond_o this_o city_n there_o grow_v no_o wood_n at_o all_o but_o instead_o thereof_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v use_v of_o fish-bone_n as_o well_o to_o build_v their_o house_n and_o for_o several_a implement_n of_o householdstuff_n as_o fuel_n and_o with_o the_o fat_a of_o the_o same_o fish_n they_o feed_v their_o lamp_n in_o winter_n the_o prefecture_n of_o truntheim_n in_o the_o year_n 1658_o be_v by_o the_o dane_n surrender_v up_o to_o the_o swede_n by_o a_o public_a treaty_n of_o peace_n the_o next_o year_n they_o wrest_v it_o again_o out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o swedish_n king_n but_o resign_v it_o back_o at_o the_o treaty_n of_o roschild_n halgoland_n the_o country_n of_o ohther_n king_n aelfred_n geographer_n be_v a_o part_n of_o this_o prefecture_n of_o which_o that_o author_n give_v this_o account_n to_o the_o king_n his_o master_n ê§_n nan_o man_n ne_o bude_n be_v nor_o ðh_n a_fw-fr he_o i_o e._n that_o no_o inhabit_a country_n lie_v further_a north_n than_o this_o but_o the_o great_a fish_n trade_n upon_o these_o coast_n have_v make_v the_o english_a better_a acquaint_v with_o these_o part_n than_o this_o gentleman_n be_v with_o his_o own_o country_n the_o prefecture_n of_o wardhus_n the_o castle_n of_o wardhus_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o five_o and_o last_o great_a governor_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o island_n warda_n in_o which_o it_o stand_v this_o isle_n lie_v about_o two_o german_a mile_n from_o the_o main_a land_n of_o finmark_n be_v near_o twelve_o english_a mile_n in_o compass_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o and_o the_o two_o adjoin_a isle_n which_o in_o finmark_n go_v all_o under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o trunsolem_n live_v only_o upon_o stockfish_n which_o they_o dry_v in_o the_o frost_n they_o have_v no_o manner_n of_o bread_n nor_o drink_n but_o what_o be_v bring_v they_o from_o other_o place_n some_o small_a stock_n of_o cattle_n they_o have_v but_o only_o such_o as_o can_v make_v a_o shift_n to_o live_v of_o their_o master_n diet_n dry_a fish_n finmark_n or_o norwegian_n lapland_n on_o the_o north_n of_o norway_n lie_v finmark_n or_o as_o the_o native_n use_v to_o call_v it_o taakemark_n which_o perhaps_o be_v the_o ancient_a habitation_n of_o the_o finni_n mention_v by_o tacitus_n for_o the_o character_n which_o that_o historian_n give_v we_o of_o those_o people_n be_v very_o applicable_a to_o the_o modern_a finmarker_n the_o finni_n say_v he_o be_v a_o people_n extraordinary_a savage_a and_o miserable_o poor_a they_o have_v neither_o horse_n arm_n house_n nor_o home_n but_o feed_v upon_o root_n and_o such_o provision_n as_o their_o bow_n and_o arrow_n can_v procure_v and_o be_v clothe_v with_o the_o skin_n of_o wild_a beast_n to_o this_o day_n finmark_n be_v not_o divide_v as_o all_o other_o country_n general_o be_v into_o distinct_a lordship_n and_o inheritance_n but_o as_o in_o mr._n hobbes_n state_n of_o nature_n every_o private_a man_n pretend_v a_o right_a and_o title_n to_o every_o part_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o arm_n be_v the_o only_a judge_n of_o controversy_n when_o fish_v season_n come_v in_o they_o throng_v to_o the_o seacoast_n and_o when_o that_o be_v over_o retire_v again_o into_o the_o upland_n only_o the_o islander_n in_o heymeland_n keep_v their_o station_n and_o have_v their_o church_n in_o trom_n suro_n maggero_n and_o other_o place_n the_o language_n manner_n and_o habit_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o the_o swedish_n lapland_n of_o which_o a_o account_n have_v be_v already_o give_v of_o the_o ancient_a commerce_n between_o the_o old_a britain_n english_a and_o norwegian_n though_o the_o relation_n which_o our_o english_a writer_n give_v we_o of_o the_o prowess_n and_o brave_a exploit_n of_o the_o valiant_a british_a king_n arthur_n savour_v too_o much_o of_o romance_n yet_o in_o the_o main_a our_o best_a historian_n agree_v unanimous_o in_o this_o that_o no_o prince_n ever_o conquer_v more_o of_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n than_o this_o king_n w._n lambert_n in_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d assure_v we_o that_o all_o the_o island_n nation_n and_o kingdom_n in_o the_o north_n and_o east_n sea_n as_o far_o as_o russia_n be_v tributary_n to_o he_o and_o geoffry_n of_o monmouth_n say_v king_n arthur_z at_o one_o time_n summon_v no_o less_o than_o six_o king_n to_o appear_v before_o he_o at_o his_o court_n in_o britain_n viz._n 1._o guillaumur_n king_n of_o ireland_n 2._o malvase_n king_n of_o iseland_n 3._o doldaff_n king_n of_o gothland_n 4._o gunnase_n king_n of_o orkney_n 5._o lot_z king_n of_o norway_n and_o 6._o aschile_o king_n of_o denmark_n upon_o these_o conquest_n the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o the_o norwegian_n incorporate_v into_o one_o nation_n with_o the_o britain_n but_o this_o amity_n be_v of_o no_o long_a continuance_n for_o norway_n be_v at_o too_o great_a a_o distance_n
his_o son_n charles_n succeed_v mathias_n in_o all_o his_o title_n and_o dominion_n the_o bohemian_o fear_v he_o may_v prove_v as_o severe_a a_o persecutor_n of_o the_o protestant_n in_o that_o kingdom_n as_o his_o predecessor_n have_v be_v refuse_v to_o acknowledge_v he_o their_o king_n but_o immediate_o upon_o his_o be_v proclaim_v emperor_n proffer_v the_o crown_n of_o bohemia_n to_o frideric_n v._o count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n who_o accept_v their_o kindness_n which_o so_o high_o enrage_v the_o emperor_n that_o he_o resolve_v to_o use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n whole_o to_o ruin_n and_o overthrow_v the_o protestant_a party_n whereupon_o ensue_v that_o bloody_a german_a war_n of_o almost_o thirty_o year_n continuance_n which_o be_v at_o last_o happy_o conclude_v by_o the_o westphalian_a treaty_n of_o peace_n in_o the_o year_n 1648._o after_o a_o troublesome_a reign_n of_o seventeen_o year_n spend_v in_o a_o continual_a civil_a war_n which_o have_v ruin_v and_o lay_v waste_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o empire_n he_o die_v at_o vienna_n leave_v his_o distract_a empire_n to_o his_o son_n 1637._o ferdinand_n iii_o who_o the_o year_n before_o his_o father_n death_n be_v elect_v king_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n which_o his_o father_n have_v begin_v with_o variety_n of_o success_n he_o obtain_v a_o great_a victory_n over_o the_o protestant_a party_n at_o ratisbon_n and_o break_v the_o vast_a power_n of_o the_o swede_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o norlingen_n but_o afterward_o be_v forsake_v by_o most_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n he_o be_v force_v to_o think_v of_o procure_v a_o peace_n by_o fair_a mean_n and_o treaty_n according_o the_o article_n of_o peace_n between_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o other_o prince_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v seal_v at_o munster_n and_o osnaburg_n the_o popish_a agent_n keep_v their_o residence_n at_o the_o former_a of_o these_o city_n and_o the_o protestant_n in_o the_o latter_a a._n d._n 1648._o in_o the_o year_n 1653_o ferdinand_n iv_o this_o emperor_n elder_a son_n be_v elect_v king_n of_o the_o roman_n at_o augsburg_n by_o a_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o elector_n and_o within_o a_o month_n after_o solemn_o crown_v at_o ratisbon_n but_o die_v within_o a_o year_n after_o his_o coronation_n he_o never_o live_v to_o inherit_v the_o throne_n of_o his_o father_n who_o survive_v till_o the_o three_o of_o april_n in_o the_o year_n 1657._o 1658._o leopold_n the_o present_a emperor_n of_o germany_n and_o son_n of_o ferdinand_n iii_o be_v elect_v on_o the_o eight_o day_n of_o july_n after_o a_o vacancy_n of_o fifteen_o month_n into_o his_o father_n throne_n and_o crown_v at_o francfurt_n the_o twentysecond_a day_n of_o the_o same_o month_n he_o be_v a_o mild_a peaceful_a and_o religious_a prince_n a_o great_a lover_n and_o encourager_n of_o learning_n and_o more_o conversant_a in_o the_o study_n of_o book_n than_o arms._n whether_o his_o young_a son_n now_o live_v who_o be_v not_o yet_o full_a three_o year_n old_a will_v be_v elect_v king_n of_o the_o roman_n or_o the_o grow_a interest_n of_o the_o french_a king_n may_v engage_v a_o party_n strong_a enough_o for_o the_o dauphin_n be_v a_o question_n that_o time_n only_o can_v resolve_v of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o german_a emperor_n though_o the_o word_n imperator_fw-la and_o rex_fw-la seem_v to_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n yet_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o nation_n have_v for_o many_o year_n distinguish_v between_o a_o emperor_n and_o a_o king_n and_o give_v the_o former_a the_o preeminence_n all_o the_o european_a monarch_n that_o write_v themselves_o king_n do_v willing_o and_o ready_o give_v place_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o germany_n who_o ambassador_n in_o foreign_a court_n be_v always_o first_o admit_v to_o audience_n david_n vngnade_n the_o emperor_n of_o germany_n ambassador_n at_o the_o court_n of_o constantinople_n have_v design_v to_o take_v formal_a leave_n of_o the_o sultan_n be_v admit_v to_o audience_n for_o that_o purpose_n but_o observe_v the_o most_o honourable_a place_n in_o the_o presence-chamber_n take_v up_o by_o the_o persian_a ambassador_n and_o not_o like_a to_o be_v resign_v he_o fling_v away_o and_o have_v leave_v the_o sultan_n and_o court_n in_o a_o huff_n if_o the_o persian_a have_v not_o which_o he_o afterward_o be_v force_v to_o do_v give_v he_o the_o place_n and_o seat_v himself_o below_o he_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o from_o julius_n caesar_n the_o roman_a emperor_n get_v the_o name_n of_o caesares_fw-la and_o every_o one_o of_o they_o after_o octavian_n get_v the_o trick_n of_o surname_v himself_o augustus_n in_o germany_n the_o emperor_n be_v to_o this_o day_n style_v der_n keyser_n or_o caesar_n and_o he_o always_o write_v himself_o zur_a aller_fw-fr zeit_n mehrer_n des_fw-fr reich_n which_o the_o german_n make_v to_o signify_v the_o same_o with_o semper_fw-la augustus_n further_o it_o be_v the_o general_o receive_v opinion_n among_o the_o commonalty_n and_o the_o tradition_n be_v stiff_o assert_v and_o maintain_v by_o many_o of_o their_o most_o famous_a writer_n that_o the_o german_a empire_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o which_o the_o roman_n ancient_o pretend_v to_o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o call_v their_o emperor_n der_n romischer_n kayser_n that_o be_v the_o roman_a cesar_n and_o the_o german_a empire_n das_n heilige_v romische_n reich_n that_o be_v the_o holy_a roman_a empire_n i_o shall_v not_o here_o stay_v to_o inquire_v after_o the_o large_a extent_n of_o the_o old_a roman_a empire_n or_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n of_o their_o emperor_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o know_v that_o petronius_n verse_n orbem_fw-la jam_fw-la totum_fw-la victor_n romanus_n habebat_fw-la be_v only_o a_o hyperbolical_a rant_v and_o when_o st._n luke_n tell_v sus_fw-la there_o go_v out_o a_o decree_n from_o cesar_n augustus_n that_o all_o the_o world_n shall_v be_v tax_v he_o mean_v no_o more_o by_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d than_o the_o several_a province_n and_o territory_n of_o which_o the_o roman_n have_v then_o make_v themselves_o master_n so_o that_o though_o we_o shall_v grant_v which_o we_o shall_v find_v but_o little_a reason_n to_o do_v that_o the_o whole_a power_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o roman_a caesar_n descend_v upon_o the_o german_a emperor_n it_o will_v not_o thence_o follow_v what_o some_o of_o the_o high_a dutch_a writer_n endeavour_v to_o make_v out_o that_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o europe_n to_o go_v no_o further_o aught_o to_o pay_v some_o homage_n or_o acknowledgement_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o germany_n but_o we_o can_v indeed_o allow_v they_o so_o much_o as_o this_o that_o the_o german_a emperor_n have_v any_o right_a or_o title_n to_o the_o ancient_a roman_a empire_n the_o original_n of_o this_o conceit_n spring_v hence_o charles_n the_o great_a in_o the_o year_n 800_o come_v to_o rome_n upon_o some_o religious_a account_n or_o other_o and_o not_o to_o lay_v claim_n to_o that_o city_n be_v unexpected_o salute_v by_o pope_n leo_n iii_o and_o the_o citizen_n by_o the_o title_n of_o romanorum_fw-la imperator_fw-la augustus_n but_o what_o a_o sorry_a kind_n of_o empire_n the_o roman_n can_v then_o pretend_v to_o be_v well_o know_v the_o western_a part_n of_o their_o ancient_a empire_n germany_n and_o france_n be_v already_o in_o charles_n possession_n and_o the_o sovereignty_n which_o that_o city_n once_o challenge_v in_o spain_n and_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n be_v quite_o lose_v nay_o in_o italy_n itself_o the_o pope_n and_o citizen_n of_o rome_n have_v nothing_o leave_v to_o dispose_v of_o except_o that_o city_n and_o some_o few_o small_a town_n which_o this_o charles_n the_o great_a and_o his_o father_n have_v take_v from_o the_o lombard_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n and_o annex_v to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n whence_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o charles_n the_o great_a get_v little_o more_o than_o a_o bare_a title_n at_o rome_n and_o that_o some_o other_o consideration_n as_o the_o vast_a extent_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n beyond_o the_o narrow_a compass_n of_o any_o european_a kingdom_n have_v move_v all_o the_o western_a monarch_n to_o give_v place_n to_o the_o emperor_n beside_o the_o crafty_a bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v always_o make_v it_o their_o business_n to_o diminish_v the_o emperor_n power_n and_o grandeur_n lest_o it_o shall_v eclipse_v their_o own_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o authority_n which_o the_o emperor_n do_v still_o retain_v be_v scarce_o sufficient_a to_o secure_v they_o from_o contempt_n and_o the_o imperial_a crown_n bring_v little_o more_o dominion_n along_o with_o it_o though_o much_o more_o honourable_a then_o that_o of_o a_o inferior_a monarch_n it_o be_v a_o undoubted_a prerogative_n of_o every_o great_a monarch_n in_o the_o world_n to_o confer_v title_n of_o honour_n as_o duke_n
present_a religious_a emperor_n into_o a_o compliance_n with_o whatever_o they_o buzz_v into_o his_o ear_n how_o the_o emperor_n lose_v the_o power_n of_o investiture_n etc._n etc._n we_o shall_v show_v more_o at_o large_a when_o we_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a estate_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o all_o proclamation_n patent_n decree_n etc._n etc._n the_o title_n of_o their_o present_a emperor_n run_v as_o follow_v leopold_n i._o by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n emperor_n kayser_n of_o the_o roman_n always_o augustus_n mehrer_n des_fw-fr reichs_n etc._n etc._n king_n of_o germany_n hungary_n bohemia_n dalmatia_n croatia_n slavonia_n bulgaria_n bosnia_n servia_n and_o rescia_n archduke_n of_o austria_n duke_n of_o burgundy_n brabant_n styria_n carinthia_n carniola_n luxemburg_n wittenberg_n together_o with_o the_o high_a and_o low_a silesia_n marquis_n of_o the_o holy_a empire_n burgaw_n moravia_n with_o the_o high_a and_o far_o lusace_n earl_n of_o habsburg_n tyrole_n ferrete_n kiburg_n goritia_n etc._n etc._n landtgrave_n of_o alsace_n lord_n of_o windischamrck_n portnaw_n and_o salin_n for_o what_o more_o peculiar_o relate_v to_o the_o emperor_n as_o archduke_n of_o austria_n we_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o description_n of_o that_o country_n where_o he_o may_v also_o expect_v a_o account_n of_o the_o grandeur_n of_o the_o emperor_n court_n retinue_n servant_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o election_n and_o coronation_n of_o the_o german_a emperor_n the_o principal_a member_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n next_o to_o the_o emperor_n himself_o be_v the_o eight_o elector_n viz._n the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n trier_n colen_n who_o be_v also_o arch-chancellor_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o first_o in_o germany_n the_o second_o in_o france_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arles_n and_o the_o three_o in_o italy_n the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n cupbearer_n to_o the_o emperor_n the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n great_a steward_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n grand_a marshal_n or_o constable_n the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n great_a chamberlain_n and_o lasty_a the_o prince_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n chief_a treasurer_n of_o the_o empire_n these_o eight_o for_o so_o many_o they_o have_v be_v since_o the_o westphalian_a treaty_n though_o heretofore_o only_o seven_o have_v right_o and_o authority_n to_o elect_a the_o emperor_n and_o also_o to_o depose_v he_o when_o by_o his_o enormous_a crime_n or_o unmanly_a idleness_n he_o neglect_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o public_a good_a and_o the_o duty_n of_o his_o place_n thus_o they_o serve_v wenceslaus_n though_o advance_v to_o the_o imperial_a throne_n at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o father_n charles_n the_o four_o who_o have_v deserve_v far_o better_a thing_n at_o their_o hand_n for_o compose_v the_o aurea_n bulla_n of_o which_o more_o hereaster_n the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n have_v several_a time_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o remind_v such_o emperor_n as_o have_v not_o suit_v with_o his_o humour_n of_o this_o grand_a power_n of_o the_o elector_n and_o to_o threaten_v they_o with_o the_o execution_n of_o it_o if_o they_o shall_v not_o alter_v their_o course_n at_o what_o time_n the_o power_n of_o choose_v the_o emperor_n be_v first_o commit_v to_o those_o prince_n who_o to_o this_o day_n bear_v the_o title_n of_o elector_n be_v not_o easy_o determine_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o charles_n the_o great_a transmit_v the_o imperial_a dignity_n to_o his_o posterity_n by_o way_n of_o succession_n and_o the_o same_o right_o continue_v for_o some_o age_n in_o his_o family_n until_o some_o of_o his_o successor_n fall_v far_o short_a of_o this_o incomparable_a emperor_n be_v think_v unfit_a to_o govern._n whereupon_o the_o empire_n be_v offer_v to_o otho_n duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o upon_o his_o refusal_n give_v to_o conrade_n duke_n of_o franconia_n after_o his_o death_n henry_n duke_n otho_n son_n be_v elect_v emperor_n by_o a_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o prince_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o be_v succeed_v afterward_o by_o his_o son_n otho_n i._n who_o obtain_v the_o crown_n by_o the_o same_o mean_n this_o way_n of_o succession_n from_o father_n to_o son_n be_v observe_v till_o henry_n iu._n who_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n when_o he_o be_v a_o child_n and_o manage_v it_o very_o ill_a when_o he_o be_v of_o year_n to_o have_v govern_v better_a be_v contemn_v and_o slight_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o pope_n gregory_n vii_o take_v this_o opportunity_n of_o magnify_v his_o own_o authority_n in_o the_o german_a empire_n excommunicate_v he_o and_o declare_v he_o unfit_a to_o sway_v the_o imperial_a sceptre_n order_v he_o to_o be_v depose_v which_o be_v a_o thing_n before_o that_o time_n never_o hear_v of_o in_o the_o empire_n whereupon_o the_o rebel_n prince_n think_v themselves_o absolve_v from_o their_o allegiance_n elect_v rudolph_n duke_n of_o schwaben_n into_o the_o emperor_n henry_n place_n and_o make_v a_o law_n that_o the_o right_n of_o succession_n shall_v be_v therein_o abolish_v and_o the_o power_n of_o choose_v emperor_n commit_v to_o the_o people_n what_o anarchy_n and_o confusion_n follow_v upon_o this_o decree_n the_o german_a history_n will_v sufficient_o inform_v we_o but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n the_o less_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o rabble_n of_o elector_n be_v deprive_v of_o their_o late_a gain_v right_a and_o privilege_n of_o choose_v emperor_n the_o whole_a power_n be_v usurp_v by_o a_o few_o of_o the_o chief_a officer_n in_o the_o imperial_a court_n from_o the_o year_n 1250_o till_o 1500_o it_o be_v the_o general_a opinion_n of_o all_o historian_n that_o the_o emperor_n otho_n iii_o and_o pope_n gregory_n v._o reduce_v the_o number_n of_o elector_n to_o seven_o only_o in_o this_o the_o author_n of_o those_o time_n can_v agree_v whether_o the_o emperor_n or_o pope_n have_v the_o great_a authority_n in_o settle_v the_o affair_n but_o this_o opinion_n have_v of_o late_a year_n be_v strong_o oppose_v by_o most_o learned_a writer_n and_o it_o be_v high_o probable_a that_o more_o than_o seven_o have_v voice_n in_o the_o election_n of_o emperor_n until_o the_o time_n of_o frideric_n ii_o for_o otho_n frisingensis_n assure_v we_o that_o henry_n ii_o be_v choose_v by_o all_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o after_o his_o death_n conrade_n duke_n of_o franconia_n be_v advance_v into_o his_o place_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o same_o elector_n henry_n iii_o conrad_n son_n be_v likewise_o elect_v though_o we_o be_v not_o tell_v by_o who_o the_o abbot_n of_o vrsperg_n tell_v we_o that_o henry_n iv_o be_v raise_v to_o the_o imperial_a dignity_n by_o the_o bishop_n of_o germany_n that_o henry_n v._o be_v choose_v by_o a_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o member_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n that_o lotharius_n ii_o be_v make_v emperor_n by_o two_o archbishop_n eight_o bishop_n with_o several_a abbot_n and_o lord_n of_o the_o imperial_a court_n that_o conrade_n iii_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o throne_n the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n not_o be_v call_v to_o the_o election_n and_o the_o see_v of_o mentz_n be_v then_o vacant_a that_o frideric_n barbarossa_n be_v choose_v by_o all_o the_o german_a prince_n that_o philip_n be_v elect_v emperor_n by_o the_o suevian_o bavarian_o and_o saxon_n that_o otho_n iv_o have_v the_o sceptre_n from_o the_o citizen_n of_o colen_n strasburg_n and_o some_o other_o imperial_a city_n this_o otho_n be_v afterward_o excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n and_o frideric_n king_n of_o sicily_n elect_v into_o his_o room_n by_o the_o voice_n of_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n the_o duke_n of_o austria_n and_o bohemia_n the_o landtgrave_n of_o thuringen_n and_o several_a other_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n hitherto_o we_o see_v the_o emperor_n be_v not_o choose_v by_o any_o set_a number_n of_o elector_n though_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o those_o prince_n who_o have_v now_o get_v the_o sole_a power_n into_o their_o hand_n have_v even_o in_o those_o time_n the_o great_a share_n of_o authority_n in_o all_o election_n as_o be_v the_o most_o potent_a member_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o when_o after_o the_o death_n of_o frideric_n ii_o no_o man_n for_o many_o year_n take_v care_n of_o the_o supreme_a government_n in_o this_o deplorable_a condition_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n seven_o of_o the_o chief_a prince_n by_o take_v upon_o they_o as_o be_v probable_a the_o management_n of_o all_o public_a affair_n lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o the_o electoral_a dignity_n which_o be_v afterward_o confirm_v to_o they_o by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o four_o aurea_n bulla_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o number_n of_o elector_n be_v reduce_v to_o seven_n be_v this_o because_o that_o if_o in_o any_o election_n six_o of_o the_o voice_n chance_v to_o be_v equal_o divide_v the_o seven_o elector_n may_v cast_v the_o balance_n to_o that_o side_n where_o
can_v the_o most_o accurate_a german_a antiquary_n prove_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o statue_n rolandina_n ever_o hear_v of_o in_o the_o empire_n before_o a.d._n 1000_o again_o what_o can_v persuade_v the_o emperor_n to_o bestow_v such_o signal_n kindness_n upon_o mean_a and_o contemptible_a village_n in_o saxony_n as_o some_o to_o this_o day_n be_v which_o nevertheless_o dare_v still_o pretend_v to_o show_v one_o of_o these_o ancient_a statue_n whereas_o we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o any_o of_o the_o brave_a city_n upon_o the_o rhine_n have_v such_o privilege_n and_o immunity_n grant_v to_o they_o if_o there_o be_v any_o probable_a account_n to_o be_v give_v of_o this_o custom_n goldastus_n conjecture_n be_v the_o most_o likely_a to_o hit_v the_o mark_n now_o he_o fancy_v that_o roland_n or_o ruland_n be_v not_o a_o proper_a name_n but_o a_o appellative_a derive_v from_o the_o old_a dutch_a word_n rugen_n signify_v to_o judge_n or_o pass_v sentence_n in_o any_o law-case_n so_o that_o by_o ruland_n or_o rugeland_n nothing_o else_o as_o he_o think_v can_v be_v mean_v then_o ein_fw-mi mahlstadt_n da_fw-mi man_n frey_n kayserlich_n gericht_v helt_v i._n e._n a_o city_n or_o great_a town_n on_o the_o utmost_a border_n of_o the_o empire_n where_o the_o emperor_n have_v be_v please_v to_o appoint_v a_o session_n of_o judge_n and_o advocate_n to_o try_v and_o determine_v in_o his_o name_n all_o law-suit_n and_o controversy_n and_o this_o power_n and_o authority_n commit_v to_o the_o burgher_n of_o such_o certain_a city_n be_v represent_v as_o it_o be_v still_o at_o bremen_n magdeburg_n and_o many_o other_o great_a town_n in_o saxony_n by_o the_o portraiture_n of_o a_o great_a giant_n mistake_v for_o one_o roland_n who_o they_o make_v sister_n son_n to_o charles_n the_o great_a represent_v the_o emperor_n and_o bear_v the_o arm_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o they_o be_v ancient_o so_o superstitious_a in_o erect_v or_o pull_v down_o these_o statue_n according_a as_o they_o have_v the_o right_a of_o judicature_n confer_v on_o or_o take_v from_o they_o that_o when_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o iv_o have_v oblige_v the_o hamburger_n to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n they_o break_v their_o statue_n in_o piece_n quam_fw-la say_v crantzius_n pro_fw-la signo_fw-la libertatis_fw-la olim_fw-la erectam_fw-la habuerant_fw-la to_o conclude_v it_o be_v a_o sufficient_a argument_n that_o these_o statue_n be_v not_o first_o set_v up_o in_o saxony_n nor_o ever_o appropriate_v to_o that_o country_n in_o remembrance_n of_o general_n roland_n their_o conqueror_n that_o we_o meet_v with_o the_o like_a monument_n in_o kinsberg_n prinslaw_n and_o some_o other_o place_n in_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n where_o we_o never_o read_v that_o roland_n command_v a_o army_n the_o money_n currant_n in_o bremen_n money_n money_n be_v chief_o the_o emperor_n own_a coin_n some_o piece_n they_o have_v out_o of_o sweden_n though_o there_o can_v be_v any_o great_a treasure_n export_v out_o of_o so_o poor_a a_o kingdom_n i_o have_v not_o see_v any_o notable_a coin_n of_o their_o own_o except_o their_o bremischer_n grot_n or_o vier-pfenning_a which_o be_v worth_a little_a more_o than_o a_o english_a halfpenny_n from_o this_o nether-saxon_a word_n grot_n use_v instead_o of_o the_o high-dutch_a grosch_n our_o english_a groat_n have_v probable_o its_o first_o original_a for_o their_o grot_n as_o well_o as_o we_o be_v value_v at_o four_o penny_n although_o a_o penny_n at_o bremen_n as_o well_o as_o in_o scotland_n be_v not_o worth_a above_o a_o six_o part_n of_o one_o of_o we_o the_o arm_n of_o bremen_n be_v a_o key_n argent_fw-fr in_o a_o field_n gules_a arms._n arms._n to_o denote_v the_o power_n of_o the_o citizen_n to_o open_a or_o shut_v at_o their_o pleasure_n the_o passage_n of_o any_o ship_n which_o traffic_n upon_o the_o weser_n other_o place_n of_o note_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bremen_n i._o vehrden_n vehrden_n vehrden_n former_o a_o bishop_n see_v and_o no_o part_n of_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o bremen_n but_o may_v now_o reasonable_o enough_o be_v account_v a_o part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n as_o have_v be_v give_v up_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o swede_n together_o with_o the_o archbishopric_n under_o the_o name_n of_o one_o entire_a dukedom_n at_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n bruschius_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o german_a bishop_n tell_v we_o that_o charles_n the_o great_a found_v this_o bishopric_n at_o konende_n upon_o the_o weser_n other_o say_v bardewic_n about_o the_o year_n 776_o whence_o not_o long_o after_o it_o be_v remove_v to_o vehrden_n which_o even_o in_o those_o day_n be_v if_o the_o saxon_n have_v any_o such_o a_o strong_a and_o populous_a city_n crantzius_n report_v that_o the_o first_o bishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n be_v one_o suibert_n a_o english_a man_n who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 708_o near_o seventy_o year_n before_o the_o first_o foundation_n of_o the_o bishopric_n according_a to_o bruschius_n calculation_n and_o be_v succeed_v by_o one_o patto_n a_o scot._n but_o emmius_n in_o his_o accurate_a frisian_a history_n show_v that_o this_o historian_n mistake_v suidbert_n the_o frislander_n who_o be_v indeed_o the_o first_o bishop_n of_o vehrden_n for_o one_o of_o the_o same_o name_n who_o come_v over_o into_o germany_n with_o wilhad_n the_o first_o bishop_n of_o bremen_n and_o yet_o this_o correction_n of_o crantzius_n relation_n be_v not_o to_o be_v approve_v unless_o we_o read_v 788_o or_o 798_o instead_o of_o 708_o since_o as_o we_o have_v before_o inform_v the_o reader_n one_o of_o our_o english_a archbishop_n first_o furnish_v bremen_n with_o a_o bishop_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a in_o the_o year_n 788._o we_o may_v from_o these_o contradiction_n easy_o gather_v what_o credit_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o account_n which_o german_a writer_n be_v able_a to_o give_v we_o of_o the_o ancient_a state_n of_o this_o city_n and_o the_o present_a be_v not_o worthy_a of_o a_o large_a description_n have_v nothing_o in_o it_o extraordinary_a or_o remarkable_a the_o river_n aller_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v bring_v in_o all_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o town_n since_o up_o the_o weser_n into_o which_o river_n the_o aller_n emty_v itself_o not_o far_o from_o vehrden_n be_v bring_v flat_o bottom_v barge_n of_o a_o considerable_a bulk_n lade_v with_o all_o foreign_a and_o domestic_a commodity_n which_o the_o market_n of_o bremen_n will_v afford_v count_n tilly_n take_v this_o town_n at_o the_o first_o assault_n in_o the_o year_n 1626._o and_o afterward_o in_o the_o year_n 1631_o the_o imperial_a army_n give_v it_o a_o second_o blow_n which_o it_o have_v feel_v ever_o since_o ii_o ottersberg_n ottersberg_n ottersberg_n a_o small_a fortify_v town_n not_o far_o from_o bremen_n beautify_v and_o defend_v by_o a_o strong_a castle_n the_o ancient_a residence_n of_o some_o of_o their_o archbishop_n chytraeus_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o castle_n of_o ottenberg_n bear_v a_o part_n for_o many_o year_n with_o the_o citizen_n of_o bremen_n in_o a_o rebellion_n against_o their_o archbishop_n to_o who_o they_o be_v at_o last_o upon_o some_o condition_n agree_v to_o by_o both_o party_n force_v to_o submit_v themselves_o in_o the_o year_n 1547._o in_o the_o last_o civil_a war_n of_o germany_n this_o castle_n be_v twice_o take_v and_o plunder_v by_o the_o imperialist_n and_o once_o by_o count_n coningsmark_n the_o swedish_n general_n iii_o rotterberg_n rotterberg_n rotterberg_n a_o small_a city_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n wein_n at_o about_o four_o english_a mile_n distance_n from_o ottersberg_n in_o the_o place_n where_o this_o city_n now_o stand_v nicolas_n the_o thirty-seventh_a bishop_n of_o vehrden_n build_v a_o palace_n for_o himself_o and_o successor_n which_o be_v afterward_o fortify_v with_o strong_a wall_n and_o a_o deep_a ditch_n about_o the_o year_n 1500_o by_o barthold_n the_o forty-ninth_a bishop_n of_o that_o diocese_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o adjoin_a village_n or_o suburb_n be_v wall_v in_o and_o make_v a_o small_a city_n which_o by_o degree_n be_v grow_v to_o be_v a_o place_n of_o some_o trade_n and_o be_v considerable_o populous_a iv_o buxtehude_n buxtehude_n buxtehude_n seat_v on_o the_o river_n essa_n not_o far_o from_o the_o elb_n in_o as_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a a_o country_n as_o any_o in_o the_o whole_a empire_n this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o granary_n of_o hamburg_n and_o furnish_v that_o great_a city_n with_o a_o large_a portion_n of_o their_o provision_n both_o for_o man_n and_o horse_n v._o stade_n stade_n stade_n the_o second_o city_n of_o note_n next_o after_o bremen_n in_o the_o whole_a dukedom_n seat_v on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n zwinga_fw-mi and_o bank_n of_o the_o elb._n bertius_fw-la and_o other_o writer_n skilled_a in_o the_o ancient_a geography_n of_o these_o part_n will_v
have_v this_o city_n look_v upon_o as_o a_o place_n of_o the_o great_a antiquity_n of_o any_o in_o saxony_n esteem_v it_o the_o same_o with_o ptolomy_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d though_o i_o think_v the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n which_o ptolemy_n assign_v to_o that_o old_a town_n be_v 29_o deg_fw-la of_o long._n and_o 51_o deg_fw-la 20_o min._n of_o lat._n will_v scarce_o come_v near_o this_o city_n this_o large_a and_o ancient_a city_n be_v former_o subject_a to_o earl_n and_o marquis_n of_o its_o own_o and_o thence_o we_o find_v the_o inhabitant_n in_o and_o about_o the_o city_n name_v by_o the_o latin_a historian_n stadenses_n stadingi_n or_o stedingii_n as_o a_o people_n distinct_a of_o themselves_o and_o independent_a upon_o any_o of_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n of_o these_o earl_n and_o marc-grave_n the_o reader_n may_v meet_v with_o a_o catalogue_n in_o crantzius_n or_o angelius_n a_o werdenhagen_n in_o the_o year_n 1234_o the_o stadenses_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o a_o bloody_a and_o terrible_a war_n in_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o bremen_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o very_a infancy_n of_o christianity_n in_o these_o part_n have_v like_a to_o have_v stifle_v religion_n in_o its_o cradle_n this_o bloodshed_n be_v occasion_v by_o a_o revolt_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o stade_n from_o their_o obedience_n to_o the_o see_v of_o bremen_n whereupon_o the_o clergy_n of_o that_o city_n be_v resolve_v to_o keep_v by_o a_o strong_a arm_n what_o their_o enemy_n have_v endeavour_v to_o wrest_v from_o they_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o engage_v several_a of_o their_o neighbour_n in_o the_o broil_n but_o this_o expedient_a do_v not_o meet_v with_o the_o expect_a success_n have_v after_o a_o long_a quarrel_n only_o weaken_a both_o party_n and_o in_o no_o wise_a vindicate_v the_o archbishops_n title_n at_o last_o a_o volley_n of_o curse_n and_o excommunication_n from_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n fright_v the_o citizen_n of_o stade_n into_o submission_n and_o oblige_v they_o to_o yield_v obedience_n as_o former_o to_o the_o archbishops_n of_o bremen_n hereupon_o philip_n duke_n of_o schwaben_n and_o earl_n of_o stade_n annex_v the_o whole_a county_n to_o the_o archbishopric_n reserve_v only_o to_o himself_o the_o city_n with_o its_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n in_o which_o state_n it_o continue_v till_o in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o germany_n it_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o swede_n and_o be_v confirm_v to_o that_o crown_n as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bremen_n by_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n and_o possible_o we_o may_v have_v some_o reason_n to_o call_v this_o the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n which_o be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n as_o duke_n of_o bremen_n since_o the_o city_n of_o bremen_n itself_o be_v exempt_v from_o the_o homage_n payable_a to_o that_o monarch_n from_o the_o archbishopric_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o treaty_n and_o be_v to_o this_o day_n a_o free_a imperial_a city_n immediate_o subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n and_o to_o he_o only_o notwithstanding_o the_o vast_a rampire_n and_o bulwark_n wherewith_o this_o city_n be_v fortify_v and_o the_o natural_a strength_n of_o the_o place_n it_o be_v besiege_v and_o take_v in_o one_o day_n april_v 13_o 1645_o by_o the_o swedish_n general_n count_n coningsmark_n who_o have_v at_o the_o first_o assault_v take_v the_o fortress_n on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o zwinge_fw-mi betwixt_o the_o city_n and_o the_o elb_n press_v forward_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o stade_n and_o force_v his_o way_n into_o the_o city_n whereupon_o the_o burgher_n be_v glad_a to_o surrender_v up_o the_o castle_n and_o other_o strong_a fort_n upon_o any_o condition_n the_o conqueror_n be_v please_v to_o propose_v the_o town_n be_v at_o present_a in_o a_o flourish_a condition_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o wholesome_a air_n and_o a_o pleasant_a rich_a country_n the_o burgher_n who_o have_v the_o character_n of_o the_o most_o civil_a and_o courteous_a people_n in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n have_v common_o orchard_n and_o garden_n of_o pleasure_n without_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n well_o stock_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o fruit_n and_o flower_n their_o haven_n be_v large_a and_o commodious_a and_o ship_n of_o large_a carriage_n and_o burden_n come_v up_o to_o stade_n then_o be_v able_a to_o reach_v hamburg_n the_o marketplace_n rahthauss_n or_o town-hall_n exchange_v and_o several_a of_o their_o church_n be_v building_n worthy_a a_o traveller_n sight_n many_o and_o great_a have_v be_v the_o privilege_n by_o several_a emperor_n grant_v to_o this_o city_n it_o be_v always_o reckon_v a_o sanctuary_n for_o fugitive_n insomuch_o that_o all_o manner_n of_o malefactor_n whether_o germane_a or_o foreigner_n that_o can_v reach_v stade_n before_o vengeance_n overtake_v they_o be_v sure_a to_o find_v shelter_n here_o and_o be_v secure_a from_o the_o hand_n of_o justice_n beside_o the_o privilege_n of_o coin_v money_n authority_n to_o hunt_v in_o the_o neighbour_a forest_n and_o the_o like_a prerogative_n challenge_v by_o all_o imperial_a city_n they_o have_v power_n to_o demand_v a_o certain_a toll_n or_o custom_n of_o every_o merchantman_n that_o pass_v up_o the_o elb_n to_o hamburg_n every_o such_o vessel_n be_v oblige_v to_o strike_v anchor_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o zwinge_fw-mi and_o there_o to_o tarry_v till_o dismiss_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o customhouse_n these_o pretension_n occasion_v not_o many_o year_n ago_o a_o quarrel_n between_o the_o citizen_n of_o stade_n and_o the_o hamburger_n the_o late_a pretend_v that_o it_o be_v a_o infringement_n of_o their_o prerogative_n who_o be_v absolute_a master_n of_o the_o elb_n below_o their_o own_o city_n for_o stade_n to_o lay_v claim_n to_o any_o such_o privilege_n but_o the_o controversy_n soon_o after_o be_v amicable_o compose_v and_o each_o city_n have_v since_o peaceable_o enjoy_v its_o own_o peculiar_a regality_n this_o ancient_a hans-town_n be_v one_o of_o the_o first_o that_o be_v enroll_v into_o that_o noble_a society_n be_v once_o reduce_v to_o a_o mean_a and_o beggarly_a condition_n by_o the_o overgrow_a trade_n and_o riches_n of_o the_o hamburger_n insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v force_v to_o sell_v almost_o for_o bread_n the_o public_a stock_n not_o amount_v to_o ninety_o pound_n sterling_a a_o year_n to_o these_o upstart_a thrive_a merchant_n its_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o put_v itself_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o bremen_n but_o in_o this_o low_a condition_n it_o do_v not_o long_o continue_v before_o the_o english_a merchant_n upon_o some_o affront_n the_o hamburger_n have_v offer_v they_o remove_v their_o commerce_n to_o stade_n by_o which_o mean_v this_o city_n in_o a_o short_a time_n recover_v its_o former_a grandeur_n and_o grow_v on_o a_o sudden_a rich_a and_o populous_a vi_o bremer-verden_a a_o wall_a town_n bremer-verden_n bremer-verden_n on_o the_o road_n betwixt_o bremen_n and_o stade_n distant_a from_o the_o late_a about_o twelve_o english_a mile_n and_o from_o the_o former_a near_o twenty-eight_a it_o be_v first_o build_v by_o luder_n duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o afterward_o make_v a_o palace_n for_o the_o archbishop_n of_o bremen_n who_o have_v here_o their_o usual_a residence_n in_o the_o castle_n which_o command_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o adjacent_a plain_n the_o swede_n have_v common_o a_o strong_a garrison_n the_o town_n will_v otherwise_o be_v of_o little_a note_n not_o have_v the_o convenience_n of_o any_o trade_n except_o what_o be_v bring_v by_o the_o resort_n of_o passenger_n that_o travel_v this_o way_n to_o bremen_n or_o stade_n the_o dukedom_n of_o lunenburg_n the_o dukedom_n of_o luneburg_n bound_n bound_n or_o lunenburg_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswic_n on_o the_o southeast_n with_o magdeburg_n on_o the_o east_n with_o brandenburg_n on_o the_o north_n with_o lauwenburg_n and_o holstein_n on_o the_o north-west_n with_o bremen_n and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o some_o part_n of_o westphalia_n the_o metropolis_n which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o whole_a dukedom_n be_v think_v by_o some_o to_o have_v have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o moon_n lunus_n or_o luna_n worship_v by_o the_o ancient_a idolatrous_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o land_n other_o derive_v the_o word_n from_o the_o name_n of_o the_o river_n elmena_n or_o ilmenow_n on_o which_o the_o city_n of_o luneburg_n be_v seat_v which_o they_o tell_v we_o be_v former_o call_v luno_n from_o isis_n the_o egyptian_a goddess_n who_o come_v into_o germany_n to_o visit_v her_o kinsman_n gambrivius_n who_o be_v in_o those_o day_n lord_n of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n where_o hamburg_n now_o stand_v be_v here_o deify_v and_o worship_v under_o the_o image_n of_o a_o half-moon_n several_a of_o the_o saxon_a chronologer_n report_n that_o this_o idol_n be_v first_o bring_v hither_o by_o
julius_n cesar_n who_o questionless_a if_o we_o believe_v the_o more_o credible_a roman_a historian_n never_o see_v this_o country_n however_o that_o the_o story_n in_o the_o main_n be_v true_a and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o part_n do_v indeed_o worship_v a_o image_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v agree_v on_o by_o all_o the_o dutch_a antiquary_n although_o they_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n to_o find_v out_o how_o their_o ancestor_n come_v come_v by_o the_o latin_a name_n of_o lunus_n or_o luna_fw-la there_o be_v to_o this_o day_n several_a river_n and_o town_n in_o this_o dukedom_n and_o the_o marquisate_n of_o brandenburg_n which_o still_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o lune_fw-fr the_o old_a annal_n of_o the_o cathedral_n church_n at_o vehrden_n say_v that_o this_o idol_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o mountain_n far_o from_o luneburg_n call_v at_o this_o day_n kalk-berg_n from_o the_o abundance_n of_o lime_n find_v there_o be_v first_o destroy_v by_o aegisthus_n one_o of_o the_o seventy_o disciple_n that_o first_o plant_v christianity_n in_o the_o german_a empire_n yet_o afterward_o when_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o as_o well_o as_o many_o other_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n relapse_v into_o their_o ancient_a idolatry_n the_o image_n be_v again_o set_v up_o and_o worship_v until_o at_o last_o it_o be_v final_o remove_v by_o suibert_n not_o wibert_n as_o some_o of_o their_o historian_n write_v the_o word_n the_o first_o bishop_n of_o vehrden_n who_o in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o this_o goddess_n temple_n stand_v build_v a_o splendid_a monastery_n about_o the_o year_n 780_o which_o be_v by_o he_o dedicate_v to_o st._n mary_n cluverius_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o whole_a country_n about_o luneburg_n and_o vltzen_n which_o be_v a_o city_n about_o twenty_o english_a mile_n distant_a from_o luneburg_n towards_o the_o south_n be_v first_o inhabit_v by_o the_o cathulci_n who_o he_o guess_v to_o have_v be_v a_o province_n of_o the_o cherusci_n who_o 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german_a mile_n together_o whole_o desert_a and_o uninhabited_a ducatus_n luneburgenis_n adiacentiumque_fw-la regionum_fw-la delineatio_fw-la apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a mosem_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanum_n swart_a what_o kind_n of_o government_n the_o ancient_a saxon_n of_o which_o great_a nation_n the_o present_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswic_n and_o luneburg_n be_v only_o two_o small_a branch_n be_v subject_a to_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o we_o have_v already_o give_v the_o reader_n a_o account_n and_o in_o the_o same_o state_n of_o anarchy_n and_o confusion_n they_o have_v probable_o to_o this_o day_n continue_v if_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a have_v not_o new_o model_v their_o government_n and_o make_v they_o sensible_a of_o the_o convenience_n of_o be_v constant_o subject_a and_o obedient_a to_o some_o supreme_a ruler_n and_o magistrate_n but_o this_o he_o can_v never_o effect_v by_o conquest_n or_o the_o sword_n only_a religion_n by_o degree_n reduce_v 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opinion_n that_o neither_o this_o ludolf_n nor_o his_o successor_n otho_n have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v with_o the_o low_a saxony_n but_o be_v only_o make_v prince_n of_o thuringen_n meisen_n and_o some_o other_o province_n of_o the_o upper_a saxony_n indeed_o wittikind_a a_o author_n of_o great_a credit_n seem_v to_o assert_v the_o contrary_a tell_v we_o in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o history_n that_o otho_n the_o first_o german_a emperor_n of_o that_o name_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o imperial_a throne_n leave_v behind_o he_o one_o herman_n a_o baron_n son_n so_o the_o learned_a meibomius_n prove_v he_o to_o have_v be_v though_o most_o of_o the_o dutch_a historian_n say_v he_o be_v descend_v from_o much_o mean_a parentage_n who_o he_o make_v his_o lieutenant_n in_o these_o part_n and_o to_o encourage_v he_o faithful_o to_o discharge_v his_o office_n settle_v several_a land_n and_o tenement_n upon_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o soon_o after_o the_o say_a emperor_n return_v out_o of_o italy_n where_o for_o some_o considerable_a time_n he_o have_v for_o weighty_a reason_n be_v force_v to_o keep_v his_o residence_n be_v so_o well_o please_v with_o herman_n acquit_v himself_n brave_o of_o the_o trust_v repose_v in_o he_o that_o immediate_o he_o make_v he_o duke_n of_o north_n saxony_n contain_v all_o the_o territory_n now_o subject_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o luneburg_n and_o lawenburg_n together_o with_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o holstein_n dominion_n this_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 966._o by_o this_o mean_v the_o great_a dukedom_n come_v to_o be_v divide_v dukedom_n dukedom_n and_o a_o new_a dukedom_n the_o prince_n whereof_o however_o style_v themselves_o duke_n of_o saxony_n erect_v out_o of_o it_o which_o be_v govern_v by_o herman_n and_o his_o successor_n bruno_n bernhard_n artolf_n and_o magnus_n the_o last_o of_o these_o die_v without_o any_o heir_n male_a though_o not_o in_o the_o emperor_n prison_n as_o 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the_o pretension_n which_o albert_n have_v to_o this_o dukedom_n be_v ground_v upon_o his_o be_v son_n to_o duke_n magnus_n elder_a daughter_n elicke_n whereas_o henry_n be_v only_o descend_v from_o the_o young_a and_o therefore_o have_v the_o worse_a title_n if_o his_o father-in-law_n lotharius_n right_o have_v prove_v insignificant_a this_o henry_n leave_v behind_o he_o one_o only_a son_n henry_n surname_v the_o lion_n a_o prince_n of_o so_o great_a and_o fortunate_a undertake_n in_o war_n that_o the_o german_a chronicle_n be_v full_a of_o his_o exploit_n some_o of_o the_o dutch_a historian_n tell_v we_o he_o extend_v his_o dominion_n from_o the_o rhine_n to_o the_o elb_n other_o say_v from_o the_o adriatic_a to_o the_o baltic_a sea_n a_o three_o sort_n go_v yet_o further_o and_o make_v he_o lord_n of_o holstein_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o denmark_n certain_a it_o be_v he_o be_v a_o victorious_a prince_n and_o ruler_n over_o more_o province_n than_o any_o of_o his_o successor_n can_v lay_v claim_n to_o
opinion_n that_o it_o be_v first_o build_v by_o drusus_n and_o his_o son_n germanicus_n in_o the_o day_n of_o augustus_n cesar_n but_o pyrckamer_n think_v it_o be_v yet_o old_a and_o the_o same_o with_o ptolomy_n vesovium_n they_o that_o fetch_v its_o original_a no_o high_o than_o the_o roman_a captain_n drusus_n time_n tell_v we_o it_o have_v its_o name_n from_o a_o image_n of_o venus_n call_v in_o their_o language_n die_v magde_v i._n e._n the_o maid_n which_o say_v they_o the_o old_a record_n of_o magdeburg_n report_n to_o have_v be_v worship_v in_o the_o neighbour_a bank_n of_o the_o elb._n hence_o we_o meet_v with_o the_o name_n of_o parthenope_n parthenopolis_n and_o sometime_o parthenopyrga_n the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v the_o same_o with_o the_o high_a dutch_a burg_n in_o latin_a historian_n instead_o of_o magdeburgum_fw-la this_o image_n as_o the_o report_n go_v be_v destroy_v and_o its_o temple_n utter_o demolish_v by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a be_v officer_n who_o convert_v the_o great_a treasure_n they_o have_v seize_v to_o better_a use_n in_o building_n st._n stephen_n church_n in_o the_o town_n a_o ancient_a chronicle_n of_o the_o city_n of_o brunswic_n give_v this_o description_n of_o the_o forementioned_a image_n that_o it_o represent_v a_o naked_a woman_n with_o bright_a shine_a eye_n and_o long_o yellow_a hair_n seat_v in_o a_o guilt_n chariot_n draw_v by_o two_o white_a swan_n and_o as_o many_o white_a turtle_n upon_o her_o head_n be_v place_v a_o garland_n of_o myrtle_n and_o on_o her_o breast_n a_o burn_a torch_n flame_v every_o way_n in_o her_o right_a hand_n she_o hold_v a_o globe_n of_o the_o world_n and_o in_o she_o leave_v three_o golden_a apple_n she_o be_v attend_v by_o three_o grace_n who_o cover_v each_o other_o eye_n with_o a_o veil_n what_o credit_n may_v be_v give_v to_o these_o story_n i_o know_v not_o nor_o will_v it_o probable_o be_v worth_a the_o while_n to_o inquire_v however_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o whatever_o antiquity_n the_o town_n of_o magdeburg_n may_v pretend_v to_o it_o be_v never_o wall_v round_o before_o the_o year_n 940_o nor_o can_v ever_o challenge_v the_o name_n of_o a_o city_n till_o some_o time_n after_o for_o edgitha_n wife_n to_o the_o emperor_n otho_n i._n and_o daughter_n to_o our_o english-saxon_a king_n edmund_n have_v the_o land_n about_o magdeburg_n settle_v on_o she_o for_o a_o jointure_n prevail_v with_o her_o husband_n to_o give_v her_o leave_n to_o build_v a_o city_n in_o this_o place_n and_o to_o wall_n it_o in_o this_o grant_v the_o emperor_n second_v with_o large_a contribution_n out_o of_o his_o own_o treasury_n and_o translate_v the_o bishopric_n of_o vallersleben_n to_o this_o new_a city_n so_o that_o magdeburg_n have_v if_o not_o its_o name_n at_o least_o its_o glory_n from_o a_o english_a princess_n soon_o after_o the_o say_a emperor_n otho_n prevail_v with_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n to_o make_v magdeburg_n a_o archbishopric_n and_o to_o order_v that_o several_a of_o the_o neighbour_a bishop_n particular_o the_o bishop_n of_o mersburg_n zeitz_n havelberg_n and_o brandenburg_n shall_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n as_o to_o their_o lawful_a metropolitan_a who_o shall_v acknowledge_v no_o man_n supremacy_n in_o spiritual_n but_o the_o pope_n from_o thenceforward_o the_o archbishop_n of_o magdeburg_n have_v the_o title_n of_o primate_n of_o germany_n confer_v on_o he_o though_o as_o krantius_n show_v the_o three_o spiritual_a elector_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o saltzburg_n always_o refuse_v to_o pay_v he_o that_o respect_n in_o this_o state_n the_o church_n of_o magdeburg_n continue_v till_o the_o year_n 1566_o when_o the_o whole_a chapter_n have_v abandon_v the_o innovation_n and_o foppery_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o embrace_v the_o tenant_n of_o m._n luther_n elect_a joachim_n frideric_n at_o that_o time_n the_o only_a son_n of_o john_n george_n elector_n of_o brandenburg_n to_o be_v the_o administrator_n of_o their_o archbishopric_n have_v before_o his_o admission_n bind_v he_o by_o oath_n to_o the_o observation_n of_o certain_a article_n approve_v on_o by_o himself_o and_o his_o father_n after_o who_o death_n he_o be_v advance_v to_o the_o electorate_v of_o brandenburg_n and_o his_o son_n christian-william_n choose_v administrator_n in_o his_o place_n who_o faithful_o discharge_v his_o trust_n till_o the_o year_n 1631_o in_o which_o the_o town_n after_o a_o long_a siege_n be_v take_v by_o the_o cruel_a count_n tilly_n who_o destroy_v the_o life_n and_o fortune_n of_o no_o less_o than_o thirty_o thousand_o citizen_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n and_o carry_v the_o administrator_n prisoner_n to_o newstatt_n in_o austria_n where_o he_o change_v his_o religion_n and_o turn_v papist_n into_o his_o place_n the_o chapter_n elect_v augustus_n second_o son_n to_o john_n george_n the_o first_o elector_n of_o saxony_n who_o have_v have_v the_o title_n of_o coadjutor_n from_o the_o year_n 1625._o in_o the_o westphalian_a treaty_n it_o be_v order_v that_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v augustus_n the_o archbishopric_n of_o magdeburg_n shall_v again_o return_v to_o the_o house_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o be_v for_o ever_o annex_v to_o that_o elector_n dominion_n under_o the_o name_n of_o a_o dukedom_n in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o agreement_n the_o present_a elector_n of_o brandenburg_n have_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_a administrator_n which_o happen_v this_o last_o year_n 1680_o take_v possession_n of_o magdeburg_n and_o the_o adjoin_a territory_n which_o it_o be_v think_v will_v advance_v his_o yearly_a revenue_n the_o sum_n of_o 600000_o rixdollar_n the_o siege_n of_o magdeburg_n in_o the_o year_n 1631_o which_o we_o have_v already_o mention_v be_v so_o famous_a for_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o defendant_n siege_n siege_n and_o notorious_a for_o the_o unparalleled_a cruelty_n of_o the_o besieger_n that_o it_o well_o merit_v a_o more_o particular_a account_n than_o we_o have_v yet_o give_v of_o it_o the_o ten_o of_o may_n old_a stile_n be_v the_o bloody_a day_n whereon_o this_o horrid_a and_o tragical_a massacre_n be_v commit_v the_o burgher_n have_v long_o withstand_v the_o threat_n and_o force_n of_o the_o imperial_a general_n count_n tilly_n endeavour_v to_o secure_v their_o religion_n from_o the_o outrage_n of_o a_o popish_a army_n but_o after_o a_o long_a and_o vain_a resistance_n the_o bloody_a count_n force_v his_o way_n into_o the_o town_n and_o command_v his_o man_n to_o spare_v neither_o man_n woman_n nor_o child_n but_o put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n to_o fire_v all_o their_o church_n and_o private_a house_n and_o to_o extirpate_v if_o possible_a their_o very_a name_n in_o obedience_n to_o his_o command_n woman_n in_o travail_n be_v rip_v up_o and_o the_o suck_a child_n snatch_v from_o their_o mother_n breast_n and_o hew_a in_o piece_n before_o their_o eye_n the_o young_a virgin_n be_v first_o ravish_v in_o the_o open_a street_n and_o then_o murder_v then_o whereof_o be_v say_v to_o have_v prevent_v their_o shame_n by_o hast'ning_n their_o death_n the_o one_o throw_v herself_o before_o tilly_n face_n into_o a_o well_o and_o the_o other_o into_o the_o fire_n sixteen_o church_n and_o chapel_n whereof_o many_o cover_v with_o lead_n and_o one_o with_o copper_n be_v burn_v down_o and_o not_o a_o house_n in_o the_o town_n leave_v stand_v save_o a_o few_o fishermen_n cottage_n which_o the_o imperialist_n will_v not_o vouchsafe_v to_o fire_n of_o near_o forty_o thousand_o citizen_n scarce_o four_o hundred_o be_v leave_v alive_a and_o those_o destitute_a of_o house_n and_o other_o convenience_n requisite_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o miserable_a life_n they_o have_v spare_v they_o this_o bloody_a exploit_n count_n tilly_n be_v use_v to_o brag_v of_o afterward_o in_o his_o jollity_n call_v it_o merry_o the_o marriage-feast_n of_o magdeburg_n since_o this_o desolation_n the_o town_n have_v not_o to_o this_o day_n be_v able_a to_o recover_v its_o former_a grandeur_n condition_n present_a condition_n but_o be_v everywhere_o chequered_a with_o new_a building_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o old_a they_o have_v rebuilt_a one_o stately_a church_n but_o most_o of_o the_o rest_n lie_v still_o bury_v in_o their_o ash_n tilly_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o his_o rage_n be_v persuade_v to_o spare_v the_o cathedral_n which_o be_v indeed_o a_o stately_a structure_n and_o enough_o to_o recommend_v the_o whole_a town_n to_o a_o stranger_n eye_n in_o one_o of_o the_o chapel_n in_o this_o church_n be_v show_v the_o tomb_n of_o the_o emperor_n otho_n the_o great_a with_o his_o wife_n edgitha_n beforementioned_a hold_v in_o her_o hand_n nineteen_o small_a globe_n within_o a_o golden_a circle_n which_o denote_v so_o many_o tun_n of_o gold_n give_v by_o the_o emperor_n at_o her_o request_n towards_o the_o build_n of_o this_o cathedral_n there_o be_v
in_o this_o church_n forty-nine_a altar_n whereof_o the_o high_a altar_n in_o the_o choir_n be_v of_o one_o piece_n of_o stone_n curious_o wrought_v and_o of_o various_a colour_n it_o be_v nine_o hamburg_n ell_n each_o of_o which_o make_v one_o foot_n and_o ten_o inch_n in_o length_n four_o in_o breadth_n and_o one_o in_o thickness_n and_o value_v at_o above_o two_o tun_n of_o gold_n magdeburg_n have_v once_o the_o supreme_a jurisdiction_n in_o civil_a case_n as_o well_o as_o ecclesiastical_a over_o all_o the_o other_o city_n in_o saxony_n judicature_n judicature_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n be_v like_o our_o bishop_n of_o durham_n a_o count_n palatine_n who_o have_v the_o sole_a power_n of_o determine_v all_o cause_n bring_v before_o he_o but_o that_o grand_a authority_n be_v lose_v by_o degree_n and_o now_o the_o citizen_n of_o magdeburg_n have_v no_o other_o court_n of_o judicature_n than_o such_o as_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o burgomaster_n and_o raedtsherrn_n of_o other_o city_n as_o well_o as_o this_o that_o part_n of_o this_o dukedom_n which_o lie_v on_o the_o western_a bank_n of_o the_o elb_n be_v exceed_o fruitful_a in_o corn_n but_o want_v wood_n and_o other_o fuel_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o lie_v beyond_o the_o river_n have_v plenty_n of_o wood_n but_o want_v corn._n there_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o whole_a circle_n twenty-eight_a town_n which_o ancient_o pay_v homage_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o magdeburg_n and_o be_v now_o subject_a to_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n as_o their_o duke_n anhalt_n betwixt_o the_o sala_n and_o the_o elb_n lie_v the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o principality_n the_o whole_a be_v environ_v by_o the_o county_n of_o mansfeldt_n the_o upper_a saxony_n the_o bishopric_n of_o halle_n the_o dukedom_n of_o magdeburg_n and_o the_o bishopric_n of_o halberstadt_n marchia_n nova_fw-la vulgo_fw-la new_a mark_n in_o march_n brandenburg_n principatus_fw-la anhaldinus_n et_fw-fr magdeburgensis_n archiepiscopatus_n apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a mosem_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanum_n swart_a it_o will_v not_o in_o this_o place_n be_v amiss_o to_o inform_v the_o the_o reader_n that_o prince_n lewis_n beforemention_v to_o the_o great_a credit_n of_o himself_o and_o family_n be_v the_o first_o founder_n of_o the_o frucht-barende_a geselschaft_n as_o the_o german_n call_v it_o or_o fructify_a society_n the_o story_n of_o which_o be_v as_o follow_v this_o prince_n have_v travel_v over_o all_o europe_n and_o observe_v the_o great_a advantage_n which_o the_o nobility_n in_o france_n italy_n and_o other_o nation_n have_v in_o be_v furnish_v with_o store_n of_o excellent_a book_n in_o their_o own_o language_n be_v resolve_v to_o try_v whether_o he_o can_v persuade_v any_o of_o his_o own_o countryman_n to_o set_v upon_o the_o translation_n of_o the_o best_a latin_n and_o greek_a author_n into_o a_o more_o easy_a and_o intelligible_a stile_n than_o be_v ordinary_o use_v among_o they_o in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o design_n he_o institute_v the_o society_n aforesaid_a whereof_o himself_o be_v the_o first_o precedent_n and_o succeed_v so_o well_o herein_o that_o in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n after_o there_o be_v above_o twenty_o prince_n and_o at_o least_o six_o hundred_o lord_n and_o nobleman_n who_o enter_v and_o enroll_v themselves_o in_o this_o college_n of_o wit_n and_o how_o much_o the_o german_a nation_n be_v behold_v to_o the_o endeavour_n of_o these_o virtuoso_n there_o be_v no_o intelligent_a man_n but_o what_o be_v abundant_o sensible_a for_o beside_o the_o opportunity_n which_o every_o man_n have_v of_o read_v the_o writing_n of_o foreign_a author_n in_o his_o own_o language_n the_o german_n be_v able_a to_o spell_v their_o own_o tongue_n aright_o which_o before_o the_o institution_n of_o this_o society_n so_o few_o of_o they_o can_v do_v that_o duesius_n tell_v we_o one_o main_a design_n of_o his_o publish_v a_o german_a grammar_n be_v to_o teach_v the_o nobility_n of_o that_o nation_n to_o put_v their_o word_n into_o writing_n the_o most_o considerable_a town_n in_o this_o small_a principality_n be_v 1._o zerbst_n seat_v on_o a_o small_a river_n about_o a_o english_a mile_n distant_a from_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o elb._n dresserus_n fancy_v this_o a_o town_n of_o great_a antiquity_n zerbst_n zerbst_n and_o have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o servetii_n or_o cervetii_n as_o he_o read_v it_o a_o old_a wendish_n people_n but_o werdenhagen_n a_o better_a antiquary_n reject_v this_o frivolous_a assertion_n and_o prove_v that_o zerbst_n in_o the_o wendish_n dialect_n signify_v a_o strong_a fort._n it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n remarkable_a for_o nothing_o but_o a_o sort_n of_o strong_a heady_a beer_n which_o the_o citizen_n brew_v in_o summer_n and_o send_v abroad_o into_o all_o the_o neighbour_a town_n and_o province_n 2._o bernburg_n bernburg_n bernburg_n another_o residence_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o anhalt_n separate_v from_o the_o palace_n by_o the_o river_n sala_n on_o the_o eleven_o of_o march_n in_o the_o year_n 1636_o this_o town_n be_v take_v by_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n force_n who_o put_v the_o whole_a garrison_n that_o defend_v it_o with_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n except_v only_o those_o few_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o prince_n court_n to_o the_o sword_n and_o plunder_v the_o city_n 3._o dessau_n a_o well_o fortify_v town_n on_o the_o elb_n dessau_n dessau_n seat_v in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a part_n of_o the_o country_n it_o have_v its_o name_n give_v as_o most_o of_o the_o german_a etymologist_n imagine_v by_o the_o jew_n who_o in_o their_o mongrel_n dutch-jewish_a dialect_n call_v a_o fat_a soil_n such_o as_o this_o town_n stand_v on_o desk_n the_o prince_n palace_n in_o dessau_n be_v first_o build_v as_o appear_v by_o a_o old_a inscription_n over_o one_o of_o the_o gate_n by_o albert_n and_o waldemar_n two_o brother_n prince_n of_o anhalt_n in_o the_o year_n 1341._o in_o one_o of_o the_o chapel_n of_o this_o town_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o tomb_n of_o jeckel_n rehebock_n who_o some_o german_a historian_n name_n meniken_n von_fw-mi belitz_n a_o old_a miller_n who_o have_v for_o some_o time_n attend_v waldemar_n marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n in_o the_o war_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o counterfeit_v his_o slay_a master_n and_o carry_v on_o the_o design_n so_o cunning_o that_o a_o great_a many_o believe_v he_o to_o be_v the_o very_a marquis_n and_o follow_v he_o with_o as_o great_a respect_n as_o they_o have_v do_v his_o master_n before_o he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1350._o 4._o aschersleben_n or_o ascania_n ascania_n ascania_n whence_o the_o prince_n of_o anhalt_n get_v the_o name_n of_o principes_fw-la ascanii_fw-la it_o be_v a_o old_a town_n on_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o bishopric_n of_o halberstadt_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n seize_v on_o by_o canon_n of_o that_o church_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o prince_n otho_n widow_n in_o the_o year_n 1315._o since_o which_o time_n the_o prince_n of_o anhalt_n have_v often_o complain_v of_o the_o injustice_n of_o this_o action_n and_o hope_v for_o a_o redress_n at_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n but_o in_o vain_a for_o the_o bishopric_n of_o halberstadt_n be_v by_o that_o treaty_n grant_v to_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n who_o be_v too_o potent_a a_o prince_n to_o be_v fright_v into_o a_o resignation_n of_o any_o of_o the_o dependence_n upon_o that_o diocese_n the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswic_n the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswic_n strict_o so_o call_v comprehend_v only_o the_o territory_n subject_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o brunswic_n and_o hannover_n or_o calenberg_n the_o principality_n of_o grubenhagen_n with_o the_o county_n of_o blanckenburg_n and_o reinstein_n be_v indeed_o usual_o comprise_v under_o the_o same_o name_n because_o subject_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o zell_n and_o wolfenbuttel_n who_o be_v both_o entitle_v duke_n of_o brunswic_n as_o well_o luneburg_n but_o be_v however_o in_o themselves_o distinct_a dominion_n and_o shall_v according_o be_v separately_z describe_v the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswic_n and_o hannever_n be_v exceed_v populous_a and_o fruitful_a soil_n soil_n the_o wheat_n and_o rye_n in_o this_o country_n grow_v sometime_o to_o that_o prodigious_a height_n that_o their_o ordinary_a ear_n of_o corn_n be_v high_o than_o the_o tall_a man_n on_o horseback_n but_o yet_o we_o must_v not_o expect_v to_o meet_v with_o such_o pleasant_a and_o profitable_a cornfield_n as_o these_o in_o every_o part_n of_o the_o country_n a_o great_a share_n of_o the_o hercynean_a forest_n run_v through_o this_o land_n though_o that_o be_v now_o parcele_v out_o into_o small_a wood_n and_o park_n in_o these_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v beside_o the_o provision_n of_o timber_n and_o fuel_n great_a store_n of_o deer_n wild_a swine_n hare_n etc._n etc._n with_o fowl_n of_o all_o sort_n not_o to_o mention_v their_o rich_a mine_n of_o iron_n salt_n and_o coal-pit_n of_o which_o in_o
the_o great_a trade_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n in_o salt_n copper_n kettles_n pot_n wire_n etc._n etc._n considerable_o enrich_v and_o augment_v though_o the_o imperial_a city_n goslar_n be_v whole_o independent_a upon_o the_o duke_n of_o brunswic_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o therefore_o can_v proper_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o city_n and_o great_a town_n subject_a to_o those_o prince_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v situate_a in_o this_o country_n and_o whole_o environ_v with_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o say_a duke_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o in_o this_o place_n to_o give_v the_o reader_n some_o short_a account_n of_o it_o this_o city_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v found_v by_o the_o emperor_n henry_n i._o and_o to_o have_v have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o river_n goose_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v here_o the_o emperor_n build_v himself_o a_o palace_n in_o which_o he_o be_v wont_a to_o keep_v his_o usual_a residence_n this_o palace_n say_v the_o high_a dutch_a antiquary_n be_v proper_o name_v goslar_n which_o name_n afterward_o communicate_v to_o the_o town_n build_v round_o about_o it_o for_o the_o termination_n lar_n laer_fw-mi lager_n signify_v no_o more_o say_v they_o than_o a_o dwell_a house_n and_o consequent_o goslar_n must_v denote_v such_o a_o single_a apartment_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n goose_n the_o citizen_n of_o goslar_n enjoy_v as_o many_o and_o large_a privilege_n almost_o as_o any_o other_o immediate_a subject_n of_o the_o emperor_n in_o all_o imperial_a writ_n and_o letter_n direct_v to_o they_o they_o be_v style_v nobile_fw-la membrum_fw-la imperii_fw-la and_o they_o be_v exempt_a from_o pay_v toll_n in_o any_o market_n in_o the_o empire_n except_o three_o all_o the_o house_n in_o this_o city_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o glitter_a kind_n of_o slat_n which_o be_v a_o great_a ornament_n to_o the_o town_n but_o enough_o on_o a_o clear_a day_n to_o dazzle_v the_o eye_n of_o a_o traveller_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v all_o miner_n and_o the_o only_a trade_n of_o the_o town_n be_v in_o dig_v cleanse_v temper_v and_o vend_v all_o manner_n of_o metal_n except_o gold_n and_o a_o great_a many_o sort_n of_o choice_a mineral_n of_o the_o country_n such_o as_o vitriol_n brimtone_n quicksilver_n copperas_n etc._n etc._n episcopatus_n hildesiensis_fw-la descriptio_fw-la novissima_fw-la authore_fw-la joanne_n gigante_n d._n med._n et_fw-fr math._n apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a mosem_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanun_n swart_a avita_n fide_fw-la the_o bishopric_n of_o hildesheim_n whence_o the_o city_n of_o hildesheim_n which_o give_v name_n to_o this_o bishopric_n come_v to_o be_v so_o call_v be_v not_o unanimous_o agree_v on_o by_o their_o own_o etymologist_n some_o of_o they_o read_v the_o word_n bildesheim_n and_o fetch_v its_o original_n from_o the_o virgin_n mary_n picture_n in_o their_o language_n belde_n with_o some_o other_o relic_n which_o they_o tell_v we_o the_o emperor_n ludowic_n the_o godly_a at_o the_o first_o foundation_n of_o this_o diocese_n have_v hang_v upon_o a_o tree_n near_o this_o place_n and_o return_v can_v not_o pull_v they_o off_o again_o other_o will_v have_v we_o believe_v that_o the_o ancient_a name_n of_o this_o town_n be_v hildeschnee_n i.e._n the_o lord_n snow_n and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o a_o great_a snow_n which_o fall_v the_o night_n that_o the_o forementioned_a emperor_n lodge_v in_o this_o place_n cover_v all_o the_o earth_n for_o some_o mile_n round_o a_o foot_n deep_a except_v only_o the_o place_n where_o the_o cathedral_n now_o stand_v which_o remain_v dry_a and_o untouched_a but_o these_o and_o the_o like_a story_n be_v only_o to_o be_v look_v on_o as_o scrap_n of_o old_a legend_n and_o the_o ridiculous_a and_o idle_a fancy_n of_o illiterate_a monk_n it_o be_v much_o more_o likely_a what_o some_o historian_n of_o note_n have_v record_v that_o the_o say_a emperor_n name_v this_o city_n after_o his_o mother_n hildegard_n for_o hilda_n or_o hille_n in_o the_o dialect_n of_o the_o low_a saxon_n be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o abbreviation_n of_o hildegard_n as_o well_o as_o saunder_n of_o alexander_n fritze_n of_o frideric_n metta_n of_o mechtildis_n ilse_n of_o elizabeth_n etc._n etc._n and_o instead_o of_o hildesheim_n in_o the_o language_n of_o the_o neighbour_a gentry_n the_o rustic_n say_v hillsem_n when_o gunther_n a_o poor_a priest_n of_o eltze_n be_v first_o advance_v to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o hildesheim_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 822_o this_o diocese_n be_v but_o of_o a_o small_a extent_n but_o in_o after_o age_n the_o county_n of_o wintzenburg_n schladen_n poppenburg_n peine_fw-fr woldenberg_n hundsrucken_v and_o lewenstein_n be_v annex_v to_o it_o the_o last_o be_v now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o brunswic_n as_o the_o whole_a bishopric_n may_v probable_o be_v in_o a_o short_a time_n for_o although_o the_o citixen_n at_o present_a as_o well_o as_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o their_o church_n pay_v homage_n to_o maximilian-henry_n government_n government_n elector_n of_o collen_n as_o their_o bishop_n yet_o the_o last_o duke_n of_o hannover_n quarter_v his_o great_a army_n during_o the_o late_a broil_n betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o the_o empire_n in_o this_o diocese_n without_o the_o leave_n and_o doubtless_o against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o say_a elector_n and_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o the_o present_a duke_n to_o enter_v upon_o this_o whole_a diocese_n when_o he_o shall_v see_v occasion_n nor_o needs_o he_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n for_o such_o a_o pretence_n in_o so_o do_v we_o know_v into_o what_o strait_n eric_n duke_n of_o brunswic_n bring_v john_n iv_o and_o forty-sixth_a bishop_n of_o hildesheim_n in_o the_o year_n 1523_o when_o he_o leave_v he_o only_o the_o bare_a city_n of_o hildesheim_n with_o the_o three_o inconsiderable_a fort_n of_o peyne_n steurwald_n and_o marienborg_n and_o that_o for_o several_a year_n after_o these_o territory_n which_o be_v surround_v with_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o brunswic_n and_o luneburg_n be_v subject_a to_o duke_n eric_n successor_n so_o that_o all_o that_o hinder_v the_o potent_a duke_n ernestus_n from_o re-enter_v upon_o these_o rich_a possession_n of_o some_o of_o his_o ancestor_n be_v either_o his_o exemplary_a fidelity_n in_o a_o strict_a observance_n of_o the_o treaty_n of_o brunswic_n in_o the_o year_n 1653_o wherein_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o this_o diocese_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o the_o elector_n of_o collen_n as_o administrator_n of_o hildesheim_n or_o else_o we_o must_v ascribe_v the_o reason_n of_o his_o delay_n to_o his_o generous_a temper_n in_o scorn_v to_o take_v advantage_n of_o the_o present_a calamitous_a estate_n of_o the_o say_a elector_n the_o town_n of_o hildesheim_n though_o usual_o divide_v into_o the_o old_a and_o new_a city_n look_v all_o of_o it_o very_o ancient_a and_o venerable_a hildesheim_n hildesheim_n but_o otherwise_o have_v nothing_o in_o it_o that_o be_v great_a or_o splendid_a in_o the_o cathedral_n may_v be_v see_v the_o relic_n of_o the_o famous_a saxon_a idol_n irmensewl_n of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o give_v the_o reader_n a_o large_a account_n the_o great_a corn-trade_n of_o this_o country_n be_v the_o first_o thing_n that_o raise_v the_o burgher_n of_o hildesheim_n to_o that_o pitch_n as_o to_o obtain_v so_o honourable_a a_o place_n in_o the_o catalogue_n of_o hans-town_n and_o it_o be_v the_o same_o sort_n of_o traffic_n which_o still_o maintain_v their_o grandeur_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o burgher_n of_o this_o and_o the_o neighbour_a town_n and_o indeed_o almost_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o diocese_n be_v lutheran_n the_o reformation_n be_v first_o begin_v upon_o a_o quarrel_n betwixt_o the_o citizen_n and_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o year_n 1552_o whereupon_o the_o former_a call_v in_o john_n bugenhagen_n ant._n corvin_n and_o henry_n winkel_n three_o lutheran_n preacher_n who_o in_o a_o short_a time_n draw_v after_o they_o the_o most_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o town_n at_o the_o treaty_n of_o brunswic_n abovementioned_a it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o augsburg_n confession_n shall_v not_o be_v open_o teach_v or_o profess_v in_o this_o bishopric_n beyond_o such_o a_o set_a number_n of_o year_n but_o that_o article_n be_v repeal_v and_o make_v invalid_a by_o a_o clause_n in_o the_o general_a treaty_n of_o westphalia_n 648._o the_o best_a catalogue_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o hildesheim_n which_o can_v be_v pick_v out_o of_o the_o many_o different_a some_o imperfect_a and_o most_o false_a account_v give_v of_o they_o by_o the_o german_a historian_n be_v as_o follow_v elshop_n elshop_n 1._o gunther_n founder_n of_o the_o cathedral_n and_o st._n cecil_n church_n he_o die_v a._n d._n 835._o 2._o frembert_n who_o live_v but_o a_o few_o month_n after_o his_o instalment_n 3_o ebc_n a_o frenchman_n who_o have_v be_v suspend_v from_o the_o
archbishopric_n of_o rheims_n fie_v to_o ansgar_a archbishop_n of_o hamburg_n by_o who_o he_o be_v make_v bishop_n of_o hildesheim_n he_o govern_v the_o church_n twelve_o year_n 4._o alfred_n founder_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o asvelde_n and_o seligensted_n he_o be_v bishop_n eighteen_o year_n 5._o marquard_n slay_v by_o the_o norman_n and_o dane_n a._n d._n 880._o who_o in_o his_o day_n overrun_v saxony_n westphalia_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o netherlands_o 6._o wigbert_n a_o better_a physician_n than_o divine_a who_o leave_v no_o monument_n behind_o he_o but_o a_o small_a book_n of_o medicinal_a receipt_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 884._o 7._o walbert_n of_o who_o little_o more_o be_v record_v then_o that_o he_o be_v bishop_n and_o die_v a._n d._n 903._o 8._o sehard_n who_o be_v two_o and_o twenty_o year_n bishop_n 9_o deuthard_n he_o give_v the_o communion-table_n of_o gold_n still_o keep_v in_o the_o cathedral_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 936._o 10._o ochwin_n abbot_n of_o perge_n who_o be_v say_v to_o have_v present_v to_o this_o church_n as_o a_o holy_a relic_n the_o body_n of_o epiphanius_n he_o govern_v 28_o year_n 11._o osdach_n 12._o gerhard_n who_o annex_v the_o two_o village_n of_o algermissen_n and_o silbrechthusen_v to_o the_o diocese_n 13._o bernhard_n count_n of_o sommerschenburg_n founder_n of_o st._n michael_n monastery_n 14._o gothard_n founder_n of_o st._n bartholomew_n church_n and_o monastery_n 15._o dithmar_n 16._o aziline_n or_o anselm_n 17._o heziline_n who_o some_o historian_n call_v echilo_n other_o hezel_n or_o wezel_n 18._o vdo_fw-la 19_o bruning_n 20._o berthold_n 21._o bernhard_n count_n of_o rotenburg_n founder_n of_o st._n gotthard_n monastery_n in_o remembrance_n of_o his_o predecessor_n of_o that_o name_n he_o annex_v the_o county_n of_o wintzenburg_n to_o this_o bishopric_n 22._o bruno_n 23._o herman_n 24._o adelgad_a 25._o berno_n 26._o conrade_n i._n 27._o heribert_n 28._o sigefride_n 29._o conrade_n ii_o founder_n of_o six_o monastery_n and_o nunnery_n whereof_o three_o be_v build_v in_o hildesheim_n and_o the_o rest_n at_o franckberg_n near_o goslar_n wulfinghausen_n and_o wintzhausen_n 30._o henry_n 31._o john_n who_o annex_v to_o his_o bishopric_n the_o county_n and_o city_n of_o peine_fw-fr 32._o otto_n duke_n of_o brunswic_n and_o lune_fw-fr burg_v who_o throw_v the_o count_n of_o woldenberg_n out_o or_o their_o estate_n annex_v they_o to_o his_o own_o diocese_n 33._o sigefride_n count_n of_o quernford_n founder_n of_o the_o city_n of_o gruncw_n and_o a_o great_a benefactor_n to_o sarstede_n and_o levenburg_n 34._o henry_n duke_n of_o waldenberge_n who_o enlarge_v the_o diocese_n with_o the_o addition_n of_o the_o county_n of_o damsel_n 35._o otto_n ii_o by_o who_o be_v add_v bockelem_n latter_a barenberg_n and_o the_o county_n of_o pfaffenburg_n now_o poppenburg_n to_o the_o bishopric_n 36._o henry_n the_o three_o duke_n of_o brunswic_n who_o give_v to_o the_o diocese_n the_o county_n of_o schladen_n with_o the_o castle_n of_o widenlage_n and_o woldenstein_n 37._o john_n schadeband_n 38._o gerhard_n baron_n of_o berge_n near_o minden_n of_o who_o buntingus_n report_v that_o he_o cover_v the_o tower_n of_o the_o cathedral_n at_o hildesheim_n with_o beat_a gold_n instead_o of_o lead_n 39_o john_n the_o three_o earl_n of_o hoya_n 40._o magnus_n duke_n of_o saxon-lawenburg_a who_o give_v the_o town_n of_o grune_n and_o hamelen_n with_o the_o county_n of_o homburg_n 41._o bernhard_n duke_n of_o luneburg_n 42._o ernest_n count_n of_o schavenburg_n 43._o henning_n 44._o barthold_n 45._o eric_n duke_n of_o saxon-lawenburg_a 46._o john_n brother_n to_o his_o predecessor_n eric_n this_o bishop_n lose_v more_o to_o the_o duke_n of_o brunswic_n then_o all_o his_o predecessor_n have_v bestow_v on_o the_o bishopric_n 47._o balthasar_z merklin_n a_o doctor_n of_o law_n and_o deputy-chancellor_n to_o the_o emperor_n charles_n v._n 48._o otto_n iii_o count_n of_o schowenburg_n 49._o valentine_n von_fw-mi thereleben_n a_o doctor_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n who_o sue_v the_o duke_n of_o brunswic_n in_o the_o emperor_n court_n and_o recover_v back_o a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o lose_a bishopric_n 50._o frideric_n duke_n of_o holstein_n 51._o burchard_n some_o say_v nicolas_n von_n oberg_n 52._o ernest_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n 53._o ferdinand_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n archbishop_n and_o elector_n of_o collen_n 54._o maximilian-henry_n the_o present_a elector_n of_o collen_n and_o bishop_n of_o hildesheim_n bear_v duke_n of_o bavaria_n the_o eight_o day_n of_o october_n in_o the_o year_n 1621._o other_o town_n and_o place_n of_o note_n in_o the_o diocese_n of_o hildesheim_n be_v 1._o peina_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o small_a city_n on_o the_o river_n fuse_n about_o twelve_o english_a mile_n from_o brunswic_n the_o town_n itself_o stand_v in_o a_o plain_a but_o the_o castle_n mention_v by_o latin_a author_n under_o the_o name_n of_o castrum_n poynum_n and_o represent_v as_o the_o chief_a bulwark_n of_o this_o bishopric_n be_v mount_v on_o a_o hill_n not_o far_o from_o peina_n be_v fight_v a_o famous_a battle_n in_o the_o year_n 1553_o betwixt_o maurice_n elector_n of_o saxony_n and_o albrecht_n marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n wherein_o the_o latter_a be_v conqueror_n and_o the_o former_a slay_v 2._o marienborg_n a_o fort_n not_o not_o far_o distant_a from_o hildesheim_n and_o situate_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o innerste_fw-mi it_o be_v first_o build_v by_o bishop_n henry_n iii_o when_o he_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n by_o the_o too_o powerful_a duke_n of_o brunswic_n 3._o poppenburg_n 4._o dassel_n 5._o bokenem_fw-la 6._o woldenburg_n with_o some_o other_o all_o of_o they_o chief_a town_n in_o so_o many_o county_n of_o the_o same_o name_n but_o of_o little_a other_o consequence_n episcopatus_n halberstadensis_fw-la descriptio_fw-la nova_fw-la exit_fw-la officina_fw-la jâ—â—â—sonis-waesbergione_a mosis_fw-la pitt_n 〈◊〉_d stephan_n swart_a the_o principality_n of_o halberstad_n irenicus_n be_v opinion_n that_o the_o city_n of_o halberstad_n which_o give_v name_n to_o this_o principapality_n be_v the_o same_o place_n with_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d mention_v by_o ptolemy_n this_o conjecture_n though_o never_o confirm_v by_o the_o least_o shadow_n of_o reason_n be_v embrace_v by_o appian_n a_o author_n not_o much_o give_v to_o mistake_n but_o whence_o it_o get_v the_o new_a name_n of_o halberstadt_n be_v not_o agree_v on_o bertius_fw-la a_o learned_a geographer_n but_o one_o that_o in_o this_o particular_a rely_v too_o much_o upon_o the_o authority_n of_o bruschius_n and_o schopper_n derive_v the_o word_n from_o a_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o rivers_n elb_n and_o ora_n neither_o of_o which_o come_v near_o this_o city_n dresser_n read_v the_o word_n albertistatt_fw-mi and_o werdenhagen_n with_o the_o most_o probability_n on_o his_o side_n guess_v from_o the_o imperfect_a foundation_n of_o as_o much_o build_n as_o be_v now_o stand_v still_o to_o be_v see_v on_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o town_n and_o be_v never_o finish_v that_o its_o name_n be_v right_o at_o first_o give_v it_o halbe-statt_a or_o half_o a_o city_n this_o principality_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n as_o fruitful_a in_o corn_n as_o any_o of_o its_o neighbour-province_n and_o excel_v the_o most_o of_o they_o for_o pleasant_a forest_n and_o plenty_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o venison_n the_o large_a park_n in_o it_o be_v the_o hackel_n lie_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o country_n and_z giving_z name_n to_o the_o ancient_a barony_n of_o hackelborn_n in_o that_o neighbourhood_n on_o the_o north-west_n there_o be_v nothing_o but_o fenny_a bog_n and_o marsh_n for_o some_o mile_n over_o which_o they_o have_v dam_n throw_v up_o and_o upon_o they_o highway_n lead_v to_o helmstadt_n brunswic_n etc._n etc._n the_o bishopric_n halberstadt_n which_o be_v only_o turn_v into_o a_o principality_n by_o the_o westphalian_a treaty_n in_o the_o year_n 1648._o be_v first_o found_v by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a at_o salingstatt_n call_v afterward_o ostrowick_n in_o the_o year_n 780._o but_o soon_o after_o with_o permission_n of_o the_o same_o emperor_n be_v remove_v to_o this_o place_n by_o its_o first_o bishop_n hildegrine_n who_o be_v succeed_v in_o his_o diocese_n by_o the_o follow_a prelate_n 2._o dietgrine_n 3._o haymo_n who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 827_o leave_v behind_o he_o large_a commentary_n on_o the_o prophet_n and_o apostle_n some_o whereof_z be_v still_o extant_a 4._o hildegrine_n the_o second_o 5._o evelp_v 6._o sigismond_n monk_n of_o hirsaug_n 7._o bernhard_n burggrave_n of_o magdeburg_n and_o founder_n of_o the_o monastery_n at_o hadmersheim_n 8._o hildeward_n count_n of_o warlow_n 9_o arnold_n 10._o brantho_n 11._o burcard_n count_n of_o woburg_n bernard_n bucho_n 13._o dietmar_n 14._o harrand_v who_o some_o author_n call_v stephen_n 15._o reinhard_n who_o fight_v against_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o five_o in_o the_o wood_n of_o welpho_n and_o rout_v his_o
whole_a army_n 16._o otto_n depose_v by_o honorius_n for_o simony_n 17._o rudolf_n founder_n of_o st._n mary_n church_n in_o halberstadt_n 18._o vlric_n who_o engage_v himself_o in_o a_o war_n against_o henry_n surname_v the_o lion_n duke_n of_o brunswic_n to_o the_o almost_o utter_a destruction_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o successor_n for_o the_o city_n be_v take_v by_o the_o say_v duke_n army_n and_o burn_v down_o to_o the_o ground_n the_o citizen_n also_o and_o clergyman_n take_v sanctuary_n in_o the_o cathedral_n perish_v in_o the_o same_o flame_n with_o their_o church_n 19_o theodoric_n who_o rebuilt_a the_o cathedral_n which_o his_o predecessor_n have_v so_o unfortunate_o destroy_v 20._o barthold_n 21._o conrade_n 22._o frideric_n burggrave_n of_o kirchberg_n 23._o ludolf_n count_n of_o schladem_n 24._o meinhard_n 25._o ludolf_n the_o second_o count_n of_o schladem_n 26._o wolrad_n count_n kranichfeld_n 27._o herman_n count_n of_o blanckenburg_n 28._o albert_n count_n of_o anhalt_n 29._o albert_n duke_n of_o brunswic_n a_o great_a warrior_n who_o fight_v above_o twenty_o pitch_a battle_n as_o the_o chronicle_n of_o brunswic_n inform_v we_o and_o come_v off_o most_o common_o a_o conqueror_n 30._o ludowic_n landgraf_n of_o thuringen_n and_o marquis_n of_o misnia_n 31._o albert_n a_o great_a philosopher_n but_o unfortunate_a soldier_n overcome_v in_o battle_n by_o gerhard_n bishop_n of_o hildesheim_n a_o eloquent_a prelate_n in_o remembrance_n of_o which_o overthrow_n the_o burgher_n of_o halberstadt_n have_v to_o this_o day_n a_o proverbial_a say_n among_o they_o klanck_a uberwand_a den_n ranck_n that_o be_v rhetoric_n prove_v too_o hard_o for_o logic._n 32._o ernest_n count_n of_o honstein_n 33._o rudolf_n count_n of_o anhalt_n 34._o henry_n baron_n of_o werberge_n 35._o albert_n count_n of_o werningenrode_n 36._o john_n von_fw-mi hoym._n 37._o burcard_n baron_n of_o werberg_n 38._o gerhard_n von_fw-mi hoym._n 39_o ernest_n duke_n of_o saxony_n 40._o albert_n marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n 41._o john_n albert_n marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n 42._o frideric_n elector_n of_o brandenburg_n 43._o sigismond_n brother_n to_o his_o predecessor_n frideric_n 44._o henry_n julius_n son_n of_o julius_n duke_n of_o brunswic_n elect_v bishop_n when_o he_o be_v a_o child_n of_o two_o year_n old_a upon_o condition_n that_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n shall_v have_v the_o whole_a government_n in_o their_o hand_n for_o twelve_o year_n pay_v only_o during_o the_o say_a term_n a_o certain_a yearly_a stipend_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o church_n to_o their_o infant-prelate_n in_o the_o year_n 1591._o this_o bishop_n abolish_v popish_a ceremony_n and_o establish_v the_o reform_a religion_n in_o the_o cathedral_n at_o halberstadt_n 45._o henry_n charles_n son_n of_o the_o forementioned_a henry_n julius_n he_o die_v at_o six_o year_n of_o age_n and_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o brother_n 46._o rudolf_n who_o also_o die_v the_o year_n follow_v and_o so_o the_o diocese_n come_v to_o his_o brother_n 47._o christian_n a_o great_a champion_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o germany_n but_o not_o very_o fortunate_a 48._o leopold_n william_n archduke_n of_o austria_n the_o last_o bishop_n of_o this_o place_n in_o his_o time_n the_o reform_a religion_n be_v lay_v aside_o and_o popery_n once_o more_o establish_v in_o halberstadt_n but_o not_o long_o after_o the_o swedish_n army_n have_v take_v the_o town_n restore_v the_o augsburg_n confession_n and_o keep_v possession_n of_o the_o city_n and_o diocese_n until_o the_o ratification_n of_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n by_o which_o as_o we_o have_v say_v it_o be_v give_v to_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n under_o the_o title_n of_o a_o principality_n in_o which_o estate_n it_o continue_v unto_o this_o day_n the_o town_n of_o halberstadt_n be_v tolerable_o well_o build_v halberstadt_n halberstadt_n the_o street_n be_v straight_o and_o uniform_a and_o many_o of_o the_o building_n fair_a and_o 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vast_a wood_n which_o separate_v it_o from_o franconia_n and_o be_v usual_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o thuringian_n forest_n the_o country_n abound_v almost_o everywhere_o with_o corn_n and_o in_o some_o place_n
part_n be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o ancient_a palace_n of_o the_o duke_n and_o king_n of_o bohemia_n there_o be_v still_o stand_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n round_o this_o palace_n the_o cement_n whereof_o be_v so_o good_a that_o hardly_o any_o engine_n can_v be_v invent_v which_o will_v pull_v they_o down_o the_o jesuit_n of_o late_a year_n have_v build_v here_o a_o new_a college_n for_o themselves_o which_o go_v beyond_o the_o other_o they_o have_v before_o in_o the_o old_a town_n 3._o the_o little_a town_n or_o kleine_n seiten_fw-ge as_o they_o sometime_o call_v it_o lie_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o muldau_n over_o which_o you_o pass_v by_o a_o stately_a stone-bridge_n of_o sixteen_o arch_n in_o this_o place_n stand_v winceslaus_n palace_n wherein_o the_o emperor_n when_o he_o come_v to_o prague_n keep_v his_o court._n some_o have_v venture_v to_o affirm_v that_o as_o good_a high_a dutch_a be_v speak_v in_o this_o palace_n and_o by_o the_o 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the_o bohemian_o chebbe_n but_o by_o the_o german_n that_o inhabit_v it_o egra_n from_o the_o river_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v seat_v it_o be_v make_v a_o imperial_a city_n by_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n i._o in_o the_o year_n 1179_o in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o burgher_n to_o that_o emperor_n in_o oppose_a henry_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n who_o have_v overrun_v the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o country_n it_o be_v wall_v with_o a_o double_a sometime_o with_o a_o triple_a wall_n and_o defend_v by_o a_o almost_o impregnable_a castle_n the_o marketplace_n be_v surround_v with_o very_o fair_a building_n and_o some_o of_o their_o church_n make_v a_o good_a show_n bertius_fw-la and_o ens_fw-la speak_v of_o strange_a cure_n perform_v by_o the_o water_n issue_v out_o of_o a_o fountain_n in_o the_o suburb_n of_o this_o city_n the_o well_o they_o mention_v be_v not_o in_o the_o suburb_n but_o about_o two_o english_a mile_n from_o the_o town_n its_o water_n be_v something_o salt_n and_o brinish_a but_o very_o cool_a and_o clear_a they_o be_v say_v to_o cure_v all_o infirmity_n in_o the_o eye_n ear_n or_o other_o part_n of_o the_o head_n and_o many_o other_o cure_n be_v wrought_v by_o their_o purge_n and_o cleanse_v the_o body_n jac._n theodorus_n tabernaemontanus_n give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o some_o strange_a feat_n wrought_v by_o they_o in_o his_o book_n entitle_v wasser-schatz_a print_v at_o frantfurt_n a._n d._n 1584._o and_o paul_n macasius_n publish_v a_o whole_a treatise_n about_o the_o nature_n and_o virtue_n of_o these_o egrish_a water_n in_o the_o year_n 1616._o some_o antiquary_n pretend_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o old_a name_n of_o this_o city_n be_v sourstad_v from_o these_o bitter_a water_n but_o we_o can_v expect_v no_o great_a faithfulness_n in_o the_o account_n of_o its_o antiquity_n since_o the_o city_n with_o all_o its_o record_n perish_v in_o the_o flame_n a._n d._n 1270._o other_o city_n of_o note_n be_v 1._o budweiss_n a_o fair_a and_o large_a town_n not_o far_o from_o the_o border_n of_o austria_n 2._o kuttenberg_n a_o mine-town_n on_o the_o elb._n elnbogen_n a_o strong_a town_n on_o the_o border_n of_o misnia_n call_v usual_o the_o bohemian_a key_n to_o the_o german_a empire_n 4._o thabor_n in_o the_o way_n betwixt_o prague_n and_o budweiss_n whence_o the_o picart_n get_v the_o name_n of_o thaborite_n leimiritz_n aug_v bern_n bruck_n gretz_n maut_n hoff_n jaromir_n pilsen_n etc._n etc._n be_v no_o better_o then_o ordinary_a market-town_n franconiae_fw-la nova_fw-la descriptio_fw-la sumptibus_fw-la jansonio-waesbergiorum_a mosis_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-la stephani_fw-la swart_a reverendissim_fw-la o_o &_o illustrission_n principi_fw-la ac_fw-la domino_fw-la dnon_fw-la francisco_n episcopo_fw-la bambergensi_fw-la &_o wirceburgensi_fw-la francia_fw-la orientalis_n duci_fw-la domino_fw-la svo_fw-la clementissimo_fw-la humillime_v offer_v nicolaus_n rittershusius_n u._n i._o d._n the_o great_a circle_n of_o franconia_n franconia_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o ten_o great_a circle_n or_o district_n into_o which_o the_o german_a empire_n be_v usual_o divide_v this_o district_n send_v to_o the_o diet_n the_o bishop_n of_o wurtsburg_n eichstadt_n and_o bamberg_n the_o count_n of_o henneberg_n wertheim_n etc._n etc._n with_o several_a other_o prince_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a beside_o the_o deputy_n of_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o noremberg_n rottenburg_n winsheim_n and_o schwinfurt_n it_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n with_o schwaben_n and_o bavaria_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o rhine_n and_o the_o low_a palatinate_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o landgraviate_v of_o thuringen_n and_o on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n the_o country_n have_v undoubted_o its_o name_n from_o the_o frank_n its_o ancient_a inhabitant_n who_o some_o historian_n make_v a_o remnant_n of_o the_o old_a trojan_n who_o at_o first_o be_v expel_v their_o own_o country_n by_o the_o grecian_n seat_v themselves_o upon_o the_o seashore_n near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o danubius_n these_o sicambri_n for_o so_o they_o be_v then_o call_v be_v beat_v from_o their_o hold_n by_o the_o goth_n be_v force_v to_o seek_v out_o new_a habitation_n and_o at_o last_o about_o 430_o year_n before_o christ_n fix_v themselves_o under_o the_o command_n of_o their_o general_n marcomir_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o rhine_n in_o westphalia_n friesland_n and_o gelderland_n all_o which_o country_n be_v afterward_o comprise_v under_o the_o general_n name_n of_o sicambria_n about_o four_o hundred_o year_n after_o they_o name_v themselves_o franci_n after_o the_o name_n of_o their_o great_a commander_n francus_n who_o lead_v they_o beyond_o the_o rhine_n and_o subdue_v for_o they_o the_o great_a part_n of_o gallia_n which_o they_o name_v franckric_a the_o german_n call_v it_o still_o franckreich_n or_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o frank_n other_o say_v that_o the_o frank_n be_v not_o one_o particular_a people_n but_o that_o the_o vbii_n mattiaci_n juhones_n sicambri_n tencteri_n vsipetes_n marsi_n marsaci_n tubantes_n bructeri_n chamavi_n angrivarii_n dulgibini_n chassuarii_n ansibarii_n frisii_n chanci_n cherusci_n gambrivii_n and_o some_o other_o branch_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n unite_v themselves_o into_o one_o body_n by_o a_o solemn_a league_n and_o covenant_n as_o the_o only_a mean_n to_o secure_v themselves_o against_o the_o grow_a power_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n have_v thus_o link_v themselves_o together_o they_o take_v as_o the_o almain_n have_v do_v before_o they_o one_o common_a name_n call_v themselves_o francken_a which_o in_o their_o language_n signify_v as_o freyen_v in_o the_o modern_a high_a dutch_a a_o free_a people_n as_o we_o find_v in_o our_o ancient_a law-book_n francisia_n for_o freedom_n franciscare_n to_o set_v at_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n be_v a_o word_n still_o common_o use_v for_o liberty_n about_o three_o hundred_o and_o sixteen_o year_n after_o christ_n there_o be_v great_a contest_v between_o the_o thuringian_o and_o schwabe_n
henry_n the_o first_o be_v sister_n though_o other_o think_v it_o rather_o a_o corruption_n of_o papenberg_n or_o pfaffenberg_n as_o have_v be_v ancient_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o priest_n or_o pfaffen_n we_o have_v already_o acquaint_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o delicate_a situation_n of_o this_o city_n abound_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o rich_a fruit_n and_o plant_n beyond_o any_o of_o its_o neighbour_a province_n and_o shall_v here_o only_o take_v notice_n of_o what_o be_v observable_a within_o the_o town_n the_o old_a earl_n of_o bamberg_n keep_v their_o residence_n at_o altenburg_n about_o a_o english_a mile_n from_o the_o town_n but_o the_o bishop_n have_v now_o adays_o a_o palace_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n on_o a_o small_a island_n in_o the_o river_n regnitz_n it_o be_v a_o pile_n of_o build_v sufficient_o magnificent_a and_o splendid_a rare_o beautify_v with_o large_a and_o fair_a orchard_n and_o garden_n the_o jesuit_n college_n and_o church_n make_v a_o good_a show_n and_o the_o four_o spire_n at_o the_o cathedral_n be_v noble_a schweinfurt_n or_o trajectus_n svevorum_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o swabe_n pass_v the_o river_n main_a in_o this_o place_n fâ—â—â—_n sâ—â—â—â—â—â—_n fâ—â—â—_n goltmeyer_n say_v this_o town_n be_v build_v 217_o year_n before_o christ_n but_o bring_v little_a proof_n for_o what_o he_o report_v the_o town_n be_v at_o present_a neither_o very_o large_a nor_o populous_a but_o tolerable_o well_o fortify_v with_o wall_n and_o rampire_n and_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o good_a river_n run_v by_o this_o city_n be_v by_o some_o reckon_v a_o part_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o hennenberg_n of_o which_o anon_o territorium_fw-la francofurtense_n to_o john_n hillersdon_n of_o the_o inner_a temple_n esq_n thismapp_n be_v humble_o dedicate_v by_o moses_n pitt_n the_o city_n and_o territory_n of_o francfurt_n upon_o the_o main_a the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a king_n of_o the_o franc_n have_v once_o make_v war_n against_o the_o saxon_n and_o thorough_o incense_v that_o bold_a and_o resolute_a people_n he_o can_v get_v but_o little_a rest_n till_o he_o have_v subdue_v they_o beyond_o all_o possibility_n of_o a_o rebellion_n for_o they_o be_v continual_o press_v in_o swarm_n upon_o the_o franc_n who_o when_o they_o find_v themselves_o too_o numerous_a for_o their_o enemy_n they_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o pursue_v to_o the_o very_a bank_n of_o the_o river_n main_a where_o they_o have_v sometime_o the_o misfortune_n to_o be_v cut_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o franc_n who_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o ford_n of_o that_o river_n will_v sudden_o rush_v in_o upon_o they_o and_o put_v most_o of_o they_o either_o to_o flight_n or_o the_o sword_n from_o these_o sally_n it_o be_v think_v the_o town_n of_o francfurt_n have_v its_o name_n it_o be_v seat_v upon_o one_o of_o these_o common_a ford_n of_o the_o franc_n this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o ingenious_a gunther_n in_o his_o ligurinus_n where_o he_o say_v quia_fw-la carolus_n illic_fw-la saxonas_fw-la indomita_fw-la nimium_fw-la feritate_fw-la rebel_n oppugnans_fw-la rapidi_fw-la latissima_fw-la flumina_fw-la maeni_fw-la ignoto_fw-la fregisse_fw-la vado_fw-la mediumque_fw-la per_fw-la amnem_fw-la transmississe_fw-la svas_fw-la neglecto_fw-la ponte_fw-la cohortes_fw-la creditur_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o other_o say_v though_o without_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v build_v by_o francus_n the_o first_o captain_n of_o these_o people_n and_o that_o from_o he_o it_o get_v its_o name_n and_o some_o as_o ridiculous_o have_v call_v it_o helenopolis_n from_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n mother_n the_o town_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n separate_v from_o each_o other_o by_o the_o main_a whereof_o the_o great_a be_v call_v francfurt_n and_o the_o less_o sachsen-huss_a or_o the_o house_n of_o the_o saxon_n these_o two_o be_v unite_v by_o a_o stone-bridge_n across_o the_o river_n of_o thirteen_o or_o fourteen_o arch_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o same_o magistrate_n the_o city_n be_v strong_a and_o well_o fortify_v and_o which_o give_v it_o more_o strength_n than_o wall_n or_o rampire_n can_v do_v its_o inhabitant_n be_v unanimous_a professor_n of_o the_o lutheran_n religion_n the_o jew_n indeed_o have_v one_o street_n to_o themselves_o and_o be_v allow_v a_o synagogue_n with_o the_o public_a profession_n of_o their_o religion_n but_o these_o be_v so_o inconsiderable_a a_o handful_n of_o man_n that_o there_o be_v no_o fear_n of_o their_o disturb_v the_o government_n it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n and_o well_o seat_v for_o that_o purpose_n for_o the_o main_a pass_v by_o the_o great_a city_n of_o bamberg_n schweinfurt_n wurtzburg_n and_o guemund_n give_v it_o a_o opportunity_n of_o trade_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o franconia_n and_o the_o same_o river_n run_v into_o the_o rhine_n carry_v off_o and_o bring_v in_o commodity_n from_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n and_o the_o netherlands_o the_o great_a concourse_n of_o foreign_a merchant_n be_v at_o the_o two_o great_a fair_n keep_v here_o yearly_o in_o march_n and_o september_n at_o which_o time_n all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n especial_o book_n be_v bring_v hither_o by_o the_o factor_n of_o the_o german_n hollander_n italian_n french_a and_z english_z they_o have_v every_o year_n a_o catalogue_n publish_v of_o such_o new_a book_n as_o be_v or_o will_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o fair_a and_o from_o they_o our_o london_n bookseller_n have_v of_o late_a year_n learn_v the_o trick_n of_o print_v a_o catalogue_n every_o term._n as_o long_o as_o this_o mart_n last_v which_o be_v usual_o three_o week_n there_o be_v here_o as_o great_a variety_n and_o choice_n of_o book_n as_o in_o any_o city_n in_o europe_n but_o when_o that_o be_v over_o the_o bookseller_n shop_n be_v usual_o shut_v up_o on_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o city_n they_o have_v a_o spacious_a horse-fair_a wherein_o yearly_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o good_a horse_n be_v buy_v and_o sell_v among_o the_o many_o privilege_n confer_v on_o this_o city_n by_o several_a of_o the_o german_a emperor_n privilege_n privilege_n the_o chief_a be_v its_o be_v appoint_v the_o certain_a place_n for_o the_o election_n of_o every_o new_a emperor_n this_o be_v a_o customary_a thing_n ever_o since_o arnulph_n the_o first_o be_v day_n but_o confirm_v only_o by_o charles_n iv_o author_n of_o the_o aurea_n bulla_n of_o which_o we_o have_v already_o treat_v at_o large_a in_o the_o general_n description_n of_o germany_n after_o the_o elector_n have_v give_v their_o voice_n in_o st._n bartholomew_n church_n if_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v as_o now_o there_o be_v eight_o elector_n it_o may_v easy_o happen_v which_o person_n have_v the_o most_o vote_n it_o have_v be_v usual_a for_o the_o two_o candidate_n to_o determine_v the_o quarrel_n by_o battle_n in_o the_o neighbour_a field_n wherein_o the_o conqueror_n be_v carry_v off_o with_o great_a acclamation_n back_o to_o the_o city_n and_o there_o proclaim_v king_n of_o the_o roman_n thus_o the_o controversy_n be_v decide_v betwixt_o henry_n landgrave_n of_o thuringen_n and_o conrade_n son_n to_o the_o emperor_n frideric_n ii_o as_o also_o between_o ludowic_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n and_o frideric_n arch_a duke_n of_o austria_n and_o last_o betwixt_o gunther_n count_n of_o schwartzenburg_n and_o charles_n iu._n these_o be_v the_o instance_n give_v by_o munster_n and_o some_o other_o german_a writer_n all_o of_o who_o martin_n zeiller_n rely_v on_o the_o authority_n of_o chrst_n lehman_n in_o his_o chronicle_n of_o spire_n fancy_v to_o be_v mistake_v and_o to_o report_v story_n which_o none_o of_o the_o more_o ancient_a historian_n who_o flourish_v in_o the_o time_n when_o these_o thing_n shall_v have_v be_v transact_v ever_o mention_n st._n bartholomew_n church_n in_o francfurt_n be_v a_o venerable_a and_o stately_a piece_n of_o architecture_n have_v be_v first_o build_v by_o king_n pepin_n charles_n the_o great_a be_v father_n some_o other_o public_a building_n as_o the_o town-hall_n several_a monastery_n etc._n etc._n be_v worth_a the_o see_v but_o the_o mineral_n spring_n and_o bath_n be_v most_o remarkable_a which_o be_v daily_o visit_v by_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o the_o town_n and_o neighbourhood_n among_o the_o rest_n there_o be_v one_o cold_a bath_n wherein_o as_o zeiller_n report_v it_o be_v the_o custom_n in_o his_o day_n to_o wash_v woman_n before_o they_o go_v to_o be_v marry_v or_o as_o soon_o as_o their_o month_n of_o childbed_n be_v over_o but_o that_o which_o give_v england_n the_o great_a cause_n to_o remember_v this_o city_n be_v the_o entertainment_n of_o some_o of_o our_o protestant_a minister_n who_o with_o their_o congregation_n flee_v hither_o in_o the_o day_n of_o queen_n mary_n bitter_a persecution_n yet_o i_o be_o sorry_a our_o island_n be_v force_v to_o own_o such_o a_o set_v of_o ecclesiastic_o who_o go_v hence_o a_o pack_n of_o zuinglian_a gospeler_n and_o
state_n nor_o any_o thing_n true_o great_a in_o the_o city_n 3._o speyer_n speyer_n speyer_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o elector_n palatine_n at_o the_o same_o rate_n with_o worm_n it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o nemetum_n civitas_n or_o noviomagum_n mention_v by_o julius_n cesar_n although_o freherus_n prove_v that_o the_o whole_a country_n near_o this_o place_n be_v ancient_o conclude_v under_o that_o name_n it_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o plain_a on_o the_o western_a bank_n of_o the_o rhine_n a_o large_a and_o populous_a city_n which_o owe_v its_o security_n more_o to_o the_o number_n of_o its_o inhabitant_n then_o the_o strength_n of_o any_o fortification_n near_o it_o for_o gustavus_n adolphus_n the_o victorious_a king_n of_o sweden_n demolish_v its_o bulwark_n and_o rampire_n be_v unwilling_a to_o spare_v so_o many_o man_n out_o of_o his_o army_n as_o be_v requisite_a to_o garrison_n it_o and_o make_v it_o good_a against_o any_o future_a assault_n of_o the_o imperialist_n the_o citizen_n of_o worm_n and_o spire_n though_o lutheran_n swear_v fealty_n to_o their_o bishop_n who_o be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n there_o be_v in_o this_o town_n many_o stately_a house_n and_o fair_a church_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v the_o cathedral_n beautify_v with_o four_o tower_n but_o the_o great_a glory_n of_o the_o town_n be_v the_o imperial_a chamber_n which_o be_v first_o place_v at_o worm_n by_o the_o emperor_n maximilian_n the_o first_o and_o not_o long_o after_o fix_v at_o speyer_n from_o whence_o it_o can_v be_v remove_v but_o by_o a_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o empire_n this_o fill_v the_o city_n with_o a_o constant_a concourse_n of_o people_n from_o all_o part_n of_o germany_n who_o repair_n hither_o for_o the_o final_a determination_n of_o such_o lawsuit_n as_o they_o fancy_n have_v not_o be_v well_o decide_v by_o inferior_a court_n of_o judicature_n in_o their_o own_o country_n for_o hither_o there_o lie_v a_o appeal_n from_o any_o prince_n court_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o elector_n themselves_o may_v in_o some_o trial_n at_o law_n be_v summon_v to_o appear_v before_o this_o court_n 4._o zweybrucken_v zweybrucken_v zweybrucken_v call_v by_o the_o french_a deux-ponts_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o bridge_n over_o two_o river_n at_o the_o confluence_n whereof_o it_o be_v seat_v this_o city_n be_v signal_n for_o little_a more_o than_o its_o give_a name_n to_o a_o small_a principality_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n which_o be_v enjoy_v by_o a_o young_a house_n of_o the_o count_n palatine_n who_o be_v common_o style_v principes_fw-la bipontini_fw-la or_o principes_fw-la gemini_fw-la pontis_fw-la these_o poor_a prince_n have_v pay_v dear_a for_o some_o of_o the_o french_a king_n be_v late_a victory_n especial_o his_o triumph_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n 1677_o wherein_o their_o chief_a city_n zweybrucken_v be_v almost_o quite_o demolish_v so_o near_o be_v it_o to_o a_o utter_a overthrow_n that_o at_o this_o time_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o thing_n more_o to_o be_v see_v then_o the_o skeleton_n of_o a_o city_n 5._o philipsburg_n vdenheim_n or_o philipsburg_n udenheim_n a_o town_n subject_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o spire_n seat_v on_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o saltza_n and_o on_o the_o eastern_a bank_n of_o the_o rhine_n it_o be_v ancient_o a_o village_n but_o be_v wall_v round_o by_o gerhard_n bishop_n of_o spire_n who_o first_o make_v it_o a_o city_n and_o procure_v for_o it_o severallarge_v privilege_n it_o be_v convenient_o seat_v for_o the_o command_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o adjacent_a country_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n well_o fortify_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o this_o diocese_n a_o little_a before_o the_o break_n out_o of_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o germany_n these_o new_a fortification_n begin_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n give_v ground_n to_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n to_o suspect_v that_o some_o more_o than_o ordinary_a design_n be_v carry_v on_o by_o this_o prelate_n whereupon_o frederic_n v._o the_o then_o elector_n palatine_n and_o prince_n in_o chief_a of_o vdenheim_n require_v he_o to_o desist_v from_o finish_v what_o he_o have_v begin_v which_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v allege_v the_o emperor_n placaet_n for_o what_o he_o do_v upon_o this_o contempt_n the_o elector_n beat_v it_o down_o by_o force_n for_o this_o affront_n to_o the_o emperor_n authority_n the_o elector_n and_o his_o confederate_n be_v cite_v to_o appear_v before_o the_o imperial_a chamber_n at_o speyer_n wherein_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v proceed_v against_o with_o all_o imaginable_a severity_n this_o hard_a usage_n be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a motive_n which_o induce_v the_o unfortunate_a elector_n to_o accept_v the_o crown_n of_o bohemia_n and_o consequent_o a_o chief_a cause_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o germany_n in_o which_o unhappy_a juncture_n marquis_n spinola_n the_o spanish_a general_n think_v this_o town_n so_o capable_a of_o be_v improve_v into_o a_o strong_a hold_n that_o he_o repair_v the_o demolish_a fortification_n and_o have_v make_v the_o place_n almost_o impregnable_a give_v it_o the_o new_a name_n of_o philipsburg_n by_o the_o treaty_n of_o munster_n this_o town_n and_o castle_n be_v put_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o french_a and_o by_o the_o late_a treaty_n at_o nimeguen_n resign_v up_o to_o the_o imperialist_n in_o exchange_n for_o freyburg_n in_o brisgow_n the_o present_a king_n of_o france_n before_o the_o break_n out_o of_o the_o late_a bloody_a war_n cause_v this_o inscription_n to_o be_v write_v over_o the_o great_a gate_n at_o philipsburg_n tuendis_fw-la rheni_n finibus_fw-la ludovicus_n fourteen_o francorum_n &_o navarrae_n rex_fw-la christianissimus_a confecto_fw-la in_o utraque_fw-la germania_n bello_fw-la restaurata_fw-la ubique_fw-la pace_n munimentum_n hoc_fw-la suae_fw-la virtutis_fw-la assertaeque_fw-la libertatis_fw-la germaniae_fw-la monumentum_n firmari_fw-la isthoc_fw-la agere_fw-la muroque_fw-la regiis_fw-la sumptibus_fw-la extructo_fw-la fecit_fw-la anno_fw-la m._n dc_o lxvi_o perfecit_fw-la in_o terrorem_fw-la hostium_fw-la foederatorum_fw-la praesidium_n liliorum_fw-la subsidium_fw-la alterum_fw-la galliae_fw-la cis_fw-la rhenum_n propugnaculum_fw-la ac_fw-la germaniam_fw-la versus_fw-la ostium_n in_o ferius_fw-la situ_fw-la non_fw-la robore_fw-la quod_fw-la ille_fw-la claudit_fw-la nemo_fw-la aperit_fw-la idem_fw-la aperit_fw-la &_o nemo_fw-la claudit_fw-la but_o when_o afterward_o in_o the_o succeed_a war_n it_o have_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o imperialist_n the_o emperor_n raze_v out_o the_o former_a inscription_n and_o cause_v this_o follow_v one_o to_o be_v write_v in_o its_o stead_n leopoldus_n imperator_fw-la caesar_n pius_n faelix_fw-la augustus_n victor_n &_o triumphator_n suscepto_fw-la juvandis_fw-la sociis_fw-la tuendis_fw-la civibus_fw-la arcendis_fw-la hostibus_fw-la necessario_fw-la bello_fw-la restaurandae_fw-la ubique_fw-la paci_n munimentum_n hoc_fw-la vindicatae_fw-la ab_fw-la injectis_fw-la gallicae_n servitutis_fw-la compedibus_fw-la libertatis_fw-la publicae_fw-la futurum_fw-la ad_fw-la posteros_fw-la monumentum_fw-la expugnavit_fw-la germaniaeque_fw-la postliminio_fw-la restituit_fw-la anno_fw-la christianae_n salutis_fw-la mdclxxvi_o terrori_fw-la hostium_fw-la tutelae_fw-la civium_fw-la germaniae_fw-la praesidio_fw-la alterum_fw-la galliae_fw-la cis_fw-la rhenum_n receptaculum_fw-la ac_fw-la germaniam_fw-la versus_fw-la ostium_n auspicato_fw-la plura_fw-la pari_fw-la successu_fw-la recuperandi_fw-la augurio_fw-la gallis_fw-la clausit_fw-la germanis_fw-la reclusit_fw-la quod_fw-la gallus_n claudit_fw-la germanus_n aperit_fw-la there_o be_v some_o more_o well_o fortify_v town_n in_o the_o low_a palatinate_n such_o as_o manheim_n upon_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o rhine_n and_o neccar_n coube_v franckenthal_n keysers-lautern_a simmeren_n etc._n etc._n but_o none_o of_o so_o good_a note_n as_o those_o already_o describe_v helvetii_n alsatia_n pal._n rheni_n arch_n mogun_n arch._n trevir_n arch._n colon._n clivia_n geldria_n vltrajectum_n hollandia_n apud_fw-la jâ—â—ssoâ—â—â—-waesbergios_a mosem_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanum_n swart_a rhenus_n fluviorum_fw-la europae_n celeberrimus_fw-la cum_fw-la mosa_n mosella_n et_fw-la reliquis_fw-la in_fw-la illum_fw-la se_fw-la exonerantibus_fw-la fluminibus_fw-la apâ—â—_n jâ—â—ssâ—â—â—â—-waesbergios_a mosem_n pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanum_n swart_a palatinatus_n ad_fw-la rhenum_n apud_fw-la janssonio-waesbergios_a mosem_fw-la pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanum_n swart_a not._n explicatio_fw-la civitates_fw-la munite_fw-la urbes_fw-la vici_fw-la pagi_n arces_fw-la coenobia_n fortalitia_fw-la vera_fw-la totius_fw-la marchionatus_fw-la badensis_fw-la et_fw-la hochbergensis_n ceterorumque_fw-la ducatum_fw-la landgravionatuum_fw-la et_fw-la comitatuum_fw-la ad_fw-la princeps_fw-la huius_fw-la nominis_fw-la spectantium_fw-la geometr_v astro_fw-la calcu_fw-la delineatio_fw-la heic_fw-la domus_fw-la aeneae_n cunctis_fw-la dominabitur_fw-la oris_fw-la et_fw-la gnati_fw-la gnatorum_fw-la et_fw-la qui_fw-la nascentur_fw-la ab_fw-la illis_fw-la excudebant_fw-la janssonio-waesbergii_a moses_n pitt_n et_fw-fr stephanus_n swart_a explicatio_fw-la notarum_fw-la vrbs_fw-la oppidum_n pagus_n notabilis_fw-la pagus_n arx_n monasterium_fw-la pagê°_n not_o cum_fw-la arce_n arx_n et_fw-fr pagus_n monast_n cum_fw-la pago_n balneum_fw-la acidus_n fons_fw-la fodinae_fw-la aerarum_fw-la the_o marquisate_n of_o baden_n baden_n lie_v along_o
brunsberg_n which_o draw_v together_o some_o considerable_a number_n of_o people_n oblige_v he_o soon_o after_o to_o wall_n the_o place_n round_o and_o turn_v it_o into_o a_o city_n 6._o ewanczitz_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seat_v at_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o rivers_n iglaw_n and_o oslaw_n both_o which_o here_o lose_v their_o name_n and_o be_v afterward_o call_v schwartza_n this_o city_n be_v once_o notorious_a for_o harbour_v more_o different_a sect_n in_o religion_n then_o almost_o any_o other_o town_n in_o europe_n the_o parish_n church_n be_v divide_v by_o the_o two_o prevail_a party_n of_o hussites_n and_o lutheran_n both_o of_o which_o have_v here_o the_o exercise_n of_o their_o inconsistent_a form_n of_o divine_a worship_n at_o the_o same_o time_n one_o of_o their_o street_n be_v whole_o inhabit_v by_o jew_n who_o have_v erect_v in_o it_o a_o synagogue_n and_o school_n for_o themselves_o and_o child_n without_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n the_o calvinist_n have_v two_o church_n the_o one_o for_o the_o bohemian_o the_o other_o for_o the_o german_n and_o these_o share_v with_o the_o hussites_n and_o lutheran_n in_o the_o magistracy_n and_o government_n of_o the_o city_n another_o part_n of_o the_o suburb_n be_v take_v up_o by_o the_o holy_a brethren_n of_o switzerland_n a_o pack_n of_o nominal_a christian_n who_o never_o be_v baptize_v think_v it_o a_o damnable_a sin_n to_o wear_v a_o sword_n and_o celebrate_v the_o lord_n supper_n only_o at_o whitsuntide_n the_o photinian_o atheist_n and_o quaker_n for_o such_o kind_n of_o creature_n i_o take_v the_o schwenckfelder_n to_o have_v be_v who_o deny_v the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o dead_a meet_v at_o their_o devotion_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o fountain_n in_o the_o field_n at_o a_o small_a village_n name_v olekowitz_n about_o half_a a_o english_a mile_n out_o of_o the_o town_n dwell_v the_o anabaptist_n who_o be_v about_o four_o hundred_o in_o number_n but_o this_o ridiculous_a toleration_n and_o distraction_n in_o religion_n come_v to_o this_o issue_n at_o last_o that_o now_o all_o those_o various_a party_n of_o people_n who_o all_o of_o they_o pretend_v to_o be_v true_a protestant_n be_v cashier_v and_o none_o permit_v the_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n but_o jew_n and_o papist_n to_o these_o we_o may_v add_v a_o great_a many_o more_o city_n if_o what_o caspar_n laudisman_n in_o his_o direction_n for_o the_o speedy_a understanding_n of_o foreign_a language_n affirm_v it_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v in_o this_o marquisate_n 100_o city_n 410_o town_n 500_o castle_n and_o 30360_o village_n which_o prodigious_a number_n of_o building_n will_v go_v near_o to_o cover_v almost_o all_o the_o habitable_a part_n of_o this_o country_n but_o i_o think_v there_o be_v few_o more_o than_o we_o have_v already_o mention_v which_o deserve_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o any_o further_a than_o to_o give_v they_o room_n for_o their_o name_n in_o the_o map_n bohemia_n notarum_fw-la explicatio_fw-la caritas_fw-la regius_fw-la libera_fw-la oppidum_n regis_fw-la bohemia_n oppida_fw-la â—â—â—inum_fw-la et_fw-la nobil_n …_o pagus_n arx_n castellum_n monasterium_fw-la oppidum_n cum_fw-la arce_n fodine_n auri_fw-la fodine_n argenti_fw-la fodine_n stanni_fw-la fodine_n ferri_fw-la therm_n officina_fw-la vitriaria_n nomina_fw-la quae_fw-la habent_fw-la tri_fw-la …_o in_o …_o nt_v bohemica_fw-la the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n bohemia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o moravia_n and_o silesia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o voitland_n the_o upper_a palatinate_n and_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bavaria_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o arch-dukedom_n of_o austria_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o marquisates_n of_o misnia_n and_o lusatia_n whence_o the_o learned_a godalstus_n in_o that_o excellent_a treatise_n of_o his_o entitle_v commentarii_n de_fw-fr bohemiae_n regni_fw-la incorporatarumque_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la juribus_fw-la ac_fw-la privilegiis_fw-la etc._n etc._n well_o argue_v that_o this_o kingdom_n must_v needs_o have_v be_v ancient_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n and_o aught_o still_o to_o be_v so_o account_v since_o all_o the_o people_n that_o encompass_v it_o speak_v the_o high_a dutch_a language_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v encompass_v round_o with_o mountain_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v the_o montes_n riphaei_n or_o hill_n of_o giant_n which_o part_n this_o land_n from_o silesia_n out_o of_o these_o spring_n the_o great_a river_n elb_n issue_v out_o of_o two_o of_o they_o famous_a heretofore_o for_o the_o enchantment_n and_o apparition_n of_o evil_a spirit_n that_o use_v to_o haunt_v they_o one_o of_o these_o two_o be_v now_o adays_o name_v by_o the_o silesian_n germane_a that_o live_v near_o it_o schneekippe_v from_o the_o continual_a snow_n on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o and_o the_o other_o knieholtz_n from_o the_o short_a shrub_n or_o brush_n wood_n that_o grow_v there_o the_o other_o river_n of_o note_n be_v the_o eager_a muldau_n satzawa_n orliecze_n lusinitz_n gyzera_n and_o mouse_n all_o which_o spring_n within_o the_o kingdom_n and_o be_v at_o last_o empty_v into_o the_o elb_n at_o dietzin_n most_o of_o these_o run_v in_o a_o clear_a channel_n and_o afford_v great_a plenty_n of_o fish_n in_o some_o of_o they_o the_o native_n find_v a_o sort_n of_o shellfish_n much_o like_o a_o horse-muscle_n with_o a_o pearl_n in_o it_o of_o good_a value_n such_o as_o those_o be_v which_o mr._n cambden_n tell_v we_o lie_v gape_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n irt_v in_o cumberland_n in_o several_a part_n of_o bohemia_n especial_o at_o teplitz_n and_o wary_a both_o which_o have_v their_o name_n from_o the_o hot_a bath_n there_o find_v spring_v mineral_n and_o medicinal_a water_n which_o exceed_o refresh_v the_o body_n and_o cure_v many_o distemper_n the_o acid_a water_n at_o oegran_n and_o comorzan_n be_v account_v mighty_a sovereign_n against_o many_o disease_n and_o there_o be_v not_o many_o year_n ago_o a_o fountain_n of_o as_o great_a credit_n at_o stechowicz_n near_o prague_n the_o like_a be_v still_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o at_o benessow_n near_o caplicze_n which_o for_o the_o cure_v it_o have_v perform_v have_v get_v the_o name_n of_o dobra_n woda_n or_o good_a water_n there_o be_v no_o lake_n in_o the_o kingdom_n pond_n pond_n except_v only_o one_o or_o two_o near_o the_o town_n of_o mosta_n and_o tepla_fw-la of_o little_a or_o no_o moment_n but_o the_o fishpond_n in_o many_o place_n seem_v to_o equal_v the_o lake_n in_o foreign_a country_n witness_v those_o petty_a fresh_a water_n sea_n at_o pardubicz_n clumecz_n trzebon_n rozdialowicz_n and_o copydlan_n where_o the_o pond_n abound_v with_o perch_n jack_n carp_n and_o other_o fish_n bring_v their_o master_n in_o as_o large_a revenue_n as_o so_o many_o good_a lordship_n the_o soil_n of_o the_o country_n be_v general_o fat_a and_o arable_a in_o few_o place_n barren_a or_o sandy_a commodity_n commodity_n you_o have_v here_o also_o fine_a wood_n and_o forest_n intermix_v but_o none_o so_o large_a as_o to_o render_v any_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n uninhabitable_a the_o orchard_n and_o garden_n be_v so_o well_o stock_v with_o fruit_n that_o yearly_o great_a quantity_n of_o apple_n pear_n etc._n etc._n be_v hence_o export_v into_o misnia_n and_o other_o neighbour_a country_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v wine_n enough_o if_o the_o luxury_n of_o the_o present_a age_n do_v not_o want_v great_a supply_n than_o nature_n in_o their_o own_o vineyard_n which_o be_v reckon_v a_o better_a body_v liquor_n than_o moravian_n wine_n and_o equal_v the_o austrian_a in_o taste_n but_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o be_v keep_v to_o so_o good_a a_o age_n the_o field_n and_o meadow_n be_v rich_o stock_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n especial_o horse_n of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a courage_n and_o bulk_n their_o hop-garden_n afford_v they_o a_o better_a and_o more_o plentiful_a crop_n than_o be_v usual_a in_o other_o country_n for_o which_o reason_n their_o beer_n whereof_o they_o have_v two_o sort_n white_a and_o brown_a be_v high_o value_v and_o export_v into_o the_o neighbour_a part_n of_o germany_n there_o have_v be_v some_o salt-pit_n discover_v in_o bohemia_n but_o so_o inconsiderable_a that_o they_o find_v the_o profit_n will_v not_o answer_v the_o cost_n of_o dig_v and_o therefore_o the_o bohemian_o have_v their_o salt_n out_o of_o misnia_n and_o other_o province_n of_o germany_n but_o this_o want_n be_v sufficient_o recompense_v by_o their_o rich_a mine_n of_o silver_n copper_n tin_n iron_n lead_v sulphur_n niter_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o by_o their_o glass_n and_o alum_n make_v here_o in_o great_a quantity_n they_o pretend_v to_o have_v carbuncle_n ametheist_n and_o other_o precious_a stone_n in_o their_o land_n which_o they_o say_v be_v often_o find_v in_o the_o mine_n and_o among_o the_o rock_n of_o the_o hill_n country_n anselm_n boetius_fw-la boodt_n who_o we_o have_v occasion_n to_o mention_v in_o the_o description_n of_o
we_o add_v the_o revenue_n of_o all_o the_o demesn_n immediate_o subject_a to_o these_o prince_n and_o the_o church-land_n which_o after_o the_o reformation_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o electoral_a estate_n we_o may_v probable_o find_v the_o sum_n arise_v much_o high_a but_o now_o adays_o the_o case_n be_v alter_v and_o the_o great_a share_n of_o the_o riches_n as_o well_o as_o honour_n ancicient_o appropriate_v to_o this_o house_n be_v enjoy_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n the_o state_n of_o religion_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d both_o in_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a palatinate_n have_v be_v exceed_o change_v and_o vary_v since_o the_o first_o introduce_v of_o the_o augsburg_n confession_n by_o count_n frideric_n ii_o for_o frideric_n iii_o set_v up_o the_o doctrine_n and_o discipline_n of_o john_n calvin_n which_o soon_o after_o his_o death_n be_v throw_v out_o by_o ludowic_n v._o a_o restorer_n of_o lutheranism_n his_o son_n frideric_n iv_o bring_v the_o calvinist_n once_o more_o in_o play_n for_o the_o satisfaction_n chief_o of_o his_o beggarly_a courtier_n who_o know_v no_o ready_a way_n of_o raise_v their_o fortune_n then_o by_o invade_v the_o tithe_n and_o glebe_n with_o the_o other_o poor_a remainder_n of_o the_o church_n patrimony_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o clergy_n be_v reduce_v say_v dr._n heylin_n to_o miserable_a short_a stipend_n under_o the_o name_n of_o a_o competency_n become_v so_o contemptible_a and_o neglect_v by_o all_o sort_n of_o man_n that_o at_o last_o the_o church_n of_o the_o palatinate_n be_v in_o the_o same_o condition_n with_o the_o church_n of_o israel_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o jeroboam_n when_o priest_n be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o mean_a of_o the_o people_n but_o a_o church_n reduce_v to_o these_o strait_n be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v of_o any_o durable_a continuance_n but_o to_o end_v ere_o long_o in_o misery_n according_o the_o bavarian_n and_o spaniard_n soon_o after_o this_o havoc_n make_v of_o the_o church_n fall_v upon_o they_o and_o take_v away_o their_o ill-gotten_a estate_n and_o starve_a religion_n leave_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o latter_a the_o idolatry_n and_o superstition_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n which_o be_v to_o this_o day_n open_o profess_v in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o elector_n palatine_n dominion_n notwithstanding_o his_o own_o firm_a adherence_n to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o calvinist_n the_o chief_a city_n in_o the_o low_a palatinate_n heydelberg_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o low_a palatinate_n and_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o of_o all_o swaben_n it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o neccar_n which_o part_v swaben_n and_o franconia_n it_o have_v its_o name_n from_o a_o little_a sort_n of_o shrub_n resemble_v myrtle_n the_o fruit_n whereof_o grow_v plentiful_o on_o the_o hill_n round_o this_o city_n the_o german_n call_v heidelbeeren_n whence_o latin_a author_n write_v the_o name_n of_o this_o town_n myrtillorum_fw-la mons_fw-la and_o myrtilletum_n it_o be_v compass_v round_o with_o hill_n cover_v with_o vine_n except_o only_o towards_o the_o west_n which_o way_n you_o have_v a_o good_a prospect_n over_o a_o large_a and_o pleasant_a plain_a the_o town_n be_v neither_o large_a nor_o very_o populous_a its_o chief_a beauty_n consist_v in_o one_o fair_a street_n set_v off_o with_o a_o uniform_a market_n place_n the_o elector_n palace_n on_o the_o ascent_n of_o the_o hill_n konigstul_n which_o overlook_v the_o whole_a town_n be_v a_o stately_a fabric_n beautify_v with_o a_o great_a many_o delicate_a garden_n grotto_n etc._n etc._n not_o far_o distant_a from_o which_o stand_v a_o strong_a tower_n which_o for_o its_o fortification_n and_o height_n be_v hardly_o to_o be_v parallel_v in_o the_o german_a empire_n it_o be_v former_o call_v trutzkayser_n or_o defiance_n to_o the_o emperor_n but_o since_o the_o restauration_n of_o the_o late_a elector_n that_o disoblige_a name_n have_v be_v abolish_v and_o it_o be_v now_o call_v from_o some_o new_a work_n make_v round_o it_o in_o form_n of_o a_o star_n stern-schantz_a or_o star-fort_n but_o the_o most_o remarkable_a thing_n in_o this_o palace_n and_o indeed_o in_o heydelberg_n be_v the_o great_a winefat_a tun_n great_a tun_n mention_v by_o all_o that_o travel_v this_o country_n under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o tun_n at_o heydelberg_n that_o which_o be_v now_o to_o be_v see_v in_o a_o outer_a build_n near_o the_o palace_n be_v build_v by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o last_o elector_n charles-ludowic_a and_o far_o exceed_v any_o of_o the_o former_a it_o contain_v above_o 204_o fudder_n of_o wine_n which_o amount_v to_o about_o 200_o tun_n of_o our_o english_a measure_n instead_o of_o hoop_n it_o be_v build_v with_o large_a tree_n of_o knee_n timber_n like_o the_o rib_n of_o a_o ship_n which_o have_v several_a inscription_n paint_v and_o carve_v upon_o they_o and_o be_v support_v by_o carve_v pedestal_n upon_o one_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n you_o have_v a_o handsome_a staircase_n lead_v to_o the_o top_n where_o you_o meet_v with_o a_o gallery_n set_v round_o with_o balister_n three_o and_o forty_o step_n from_o the_o ground_n before_o the_o year_n 1664_o in_o which_o year_n this_o be_v build_v the_o old_a tun_n though_o one_o of_o the_o wonder_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n be_v not_o comparable_a to_o this_o it_o be_v encircle_v with_o great_a hoop_n of_o iron_n each_o of_o which_o be_v say_v to_o have_v weigh_v 12200_o pound_n it_o contain_v only_o 132_o fudder_n of_o wine_n and_o there_o be_v no_o more_o than_o seventeen_o step_n to_o the_o stop_n the_o university_n be_v found_v by_o count_n rupert_n in_o the_o year_n 1387_o university_n university_n though_o some_o will_v needs_o have_v it_o ten_o year_n old_a and_o other_o near_o forty_o it_o be_v still_o much_o frequent_v and_o have_v give_v education_n to_o many_o eminent_a man_n in_o former_a day_n witness_v r._n agricola_n munster_n h._n buschius_n xylander_n paul_n cisner_n pacius_n franciscus_n junius_n p_o &_o f._n smetius_n 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