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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
city_n	bishop_n	church_n	rome_n	9,289	5	7.3911	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A44712	A discours of the empire, and of the election of a king of the Romans, the greatest busines of Christendom now in agitation as also of the Colledg of Electors, their particular interests, and who is most likely to be the next emperour / by J.H.	Howell, James, 1594?-1666.	1658 (1658)	Wing H3065; ESTC R4781	35,171	133

tragical fower murthered themselfs many also of those that were adopted Caesars and design'd to succeed in the Empire were untimely made away being rays'd to that pitch that they might perish the sooner as an Author sayes But to go more punctually to work we will muster up here most of those Emperours that came to immature and violent deaths Iulius Caesar was assassinated in the Senat. Octavius the first Augustus called so ab augendo Imperium from enlarging the Territories of the Empire was made away by his wife Livia Tiberius by Macro Caligula by Cassius Chereas Claudius poyson'd by his wife Agrippina Nero and Otho slew themselfs Galba and Vitellius were done away by the Soldiers Domitian by Stephanus Commodus by Letus and Electus Pertinax and Iulianus by the Praetorian bands Caracalla by Macrinus command Macrinus Heliogabalus Alexander Maximinus Maximus and Balbinns by the Soldiers Hostilianus by Gallus and Aemilianus and they by the Legions Valerianus died in Parthia Florianus waas ccessary to his own death Aurelianus murther'd by his own meniall servants Gallienus Quintillus Tacitus and Probus by the militia c. Now that which heighned the Spirits of the Soldiery to such infolences was the largesses and encrease of salary that the Praetorian bands us'd to receave from the new Emperour which pernicious kind of bounty was begun first by Claudius Caesar and is now practised by the Turk for evry new Sultan useth to enhance the pay of the Spahies and Ianizaries to so many aspers more for fear of mutinieng which in time may be the bane of the Ottoman Empire for such hath bin the presumption allready of the sayed Ianizaries of late yeers that they have murther'd two of their Emperours in lesse than five and twenty yeers But in the Roman Empire the military bands came to such an exorbitancy of power that somtimes they did prostitute and put the Empire to sale by publique outcry as we read how Sulpitianus offerd twenty Sestertiums which are neer upon eight pounds sterling apeece to evry Soldier but Iulianus rays'd the market higher and out-bad him But Constantine the great the first Christian Emperour and a Britain born found out the policy to regulat lessen the Praetorian bands till at last he quite casheerd them at least reduc'd them to such a nomber that they could do no hurt The removal of the Imperial Court to Constantinople though it prov'd advantagious to the Bishop of Rome who had the Citty transferr'd unto him by way of a pious donation from Constantine about his departure from Italy to the Levant as the Church Annals affirm though some by way of drollery and derogation to the Pope do say that he hath the same right to Rome as Venice hath to the dominion of the Adriatique Gulph and that they are both inserted in one patent though that patent cannot be found upon any record I say though this removall was an advantage to the Bishop of Rome yet it prov'd very prejudiciall to Italy in general and to all the Western parts of the Empire for many rough-hewn Northern Nations that desir'd to come neerer the Sun took the advantage hereby to rush in not only to Italy and harasse her so often but like so many fwarms of Locusts they cover'd other Countreys And some fear'd the like of the late Swedish Army had they prosper'd in Poland The Huuns took such firm footing that they gave the name to Hungary The Longobards to Insubria and the territoties about Milan The Goths and Vandales piercing the very heart of France overcame Spain and denominated Andaluzia Insomuch that the present King of Spain doth acknowledg himself to be de la sangre de los Godos to descend from the Goths wherby som wold inferr that he is a German not only by extraction from the House of Austria but also from the Gothique race who were a branch of the Teutons or Germans taking the word in the largest sense but more properly may Germany challenge the French and English to be her Children the first comming from the Territories of Franconia the other from the lower Circle of Saxony wherof they bear the names Saissons among the Welsh and Irish to this day But to proceed from the main subject the Eastern part of the Roman Empire bore up many ages after Constantine with som lustre in the Levant though the Northwest parts suffred many Eclipses being so pittifully dilacerated and torn by the fury of forein Nations Now the chiefest cause therof may be ascrib'd to the remotenes of the Emperours person at Constantinople who by reason of so incommunicable a distance could not reach a timely hand to assist them with auxiliaries But about the yeer eight hundred a new kind of auspicious star appeer'd in the West which was Charlemain whom the Germans do claym to be their Compatriot though they go a great way back and fetch him from Pharamond or the first race of the Kings who invaded Gallia and by way of conquest call'd it France Charlemain was the Gran-child of Charles Martell who being Maire of the Palace or chief Steward and Surintendent of the Kings Court gott his Son Pepin to be crown'd King of France over the head of Chilperic his liege lord and master Martel giving out that he did not follow the ambition of his heart but the inspirations of heaven in this act So the Scotts stories tell us that the Family of the Stewards came to be Kings of Scotland by taking their Surnames from their office for as Charles Martell was in France so the first of them was Steward of the Kings Court in Scotland Pepin though a little man did great exploits for he cross'd the Alpes and recover'd Lombardy where a race of Goths had bin Kings above 200 yeers And at his return to France conferr'd the Exarcbatship or Vicegerency of Italy upon the Bishop of Rome Charlemain his Son did higher achievments for he clammer'd ore the Pyreneans and debell'd the Saracens in Spain discomfited the Saxons and confirm'd the conquest of Italy so that he was solemnly saluted Emperour of the West at Rome by the general voice and wonderfull acclamations of the peeple and so confirm'd by the Popes benediction Leo the 4th on Christmas day Nicehporus in Constantinople storm'd extremely at first ther shold be another Emperour besides himself alledging that he was the sole Roman Emperour and accordingly us'd to send his Exarques or Viceroyes to govern Italy but not knowing how to remedy it he complied at last with Charlemagne who then kept his Court in Germany where he died and was buried at Aquisgrave leaving Ludovicus his son to succeed him who partitioning the Empire afterwards twixt his three Sonns did wonderfully enervat and enfeeble it as a great River cutt out into many armes and sluces must needs grow weaker and shallower in her first bed Now though Charlemain was an extraordinary heroique and a Magnanimous gallant man as his actions tell us yet his children

wheras a Boore or Plebean is condemn'd according to the quality of his offence to carry only a Chair from one County to another such a peculiar punishment ther was of old in France for wheras ther was a law call'd la loy de la chevelure that none shold wear long hair but the Nobles he who had committed any degenerous offence was adjudg'd to have his hair cutt off before the tribunal of Iustice and so was degraded from being a gentleman his honor going away with his hair and so made a Roturier or Yeoman The story tells us that the Emperour Frederique Barbarossa made Hermannus Count Palatin of the Rhin and ten Counts more to carry doggs above one German mile for the praedations and ill balancing of dollars with other insolences they had committed while he was in Italy warring with the Pope against whom we read he had twelve pitched battails Such another clash the Emperour Conradus had with Guelphus Duke of Bavaria who bore up a good while against him at last the Emperour recruting his Army with Italian Auxiliaries shut up the Duke in VVinsberga and beleagred him so close that he was ready to famish And the Emperour having bin provok'd so farr that he had vow'd to put all to fyre and sword The Duchesse being a comely couragious Lady went through the throng of the army into the Emperours tent and made such a flexanimous speech which so melted the Emperour that he publish'd a proclamation that for her sake all the Women of VVinsberga shold have safe conduct to depart and carry away upon their backs as much of their most precious wealth that they could bear Herupon the Dutchesse took the Duke upon her back and evry wife by her example her husband mayds and unmarried women took up their brothers and kindred and so all marched out The Emperour being much taken with this witty peece of humanity publish'd a generall act of Amnestia and so the Duke was redintegrated into his favor This memorable story I couch'd once into verse being a task impos'd upon me and the Epigram runns thus Tempore quo Bavarum superârat Roma Guëlghum Seria festivo Res fuit acta joco Conradus victor VVinsbergam oblesserat Vrbem Hinc fame Deditio facta premente fuit Matribus at miserans Bavaris sponsaeque Guelphi Induperator iis tale Diploma dedit Quaelibet ut Mulier tuto cum Rebus abiret Quas humeris posset sustinuisse suis Cum reliquis Comitissa novo Diplomate nixa Inde viros portant pondera grata suos Pendebant collo nati nataeque lacertis Sic abiit licita Faemina Virque fugâ Hac delectatus Caesar pietate pepercit Omnibus atque novum cum Duce faedus init But to return where we left another cause of the Empours decay was that being often reduc'd to som exigents for want of money they us'd to have recours to the richest Imperial towns for a supply who us'd to lend them money and the Emperours payed them their money back with immunities Many towns in Italy got their necks out of Caesars yoak this way and som of them very cheap as Florence for it cost her but six thousand Crownes and Luca ten thousand c. In so much that the liberties of most of the free Citties of Italy much more of high and low Germany sprung out of the necessities of the Emperours wherby their power as well as their glory did daylie decline Adde herunto that the Bishopps of Rome feather'd their nests from time to time with the Eagles plumes specially in Italy for besides the City of Rome and the Countreys adjacent such was the high reverence the Church had in those daies that many other territories were given to the Apostolical See and since by well devoted Princes Insomuch that the Pope is grown herby to he a great temporal Prince for the state of the Church extends above three hundred miles in length and about two hundred miles in breadth It contains the Dutchy of Ferrara Bologna Romania the Marquisat of Ancona Sabina Perugia with a part of Toscany the Patrimony of Saint Peter and Latium in these there are above 50 Bishopricks He doth signorize also over the Dutchy of Spoleto and the Exarchat of Ravenna he hath the Towns of Benevento in the Kingdom of Naples and the County of Venisse in France call'd Avignon he hath title good enough to Naples also herself and Calabria but rather than incurr the diplesure of the King of Spain his Champion and chief supporter of his Chair he is contented with an annual heriot of a white Mule with a pursfull of pistols about her neck He pretends also to be Lord paramount of Sicily Urbin Parma and Masseran as also of Norway Ireland and England since King Iohn did prostrat our Crown at Pandulpho his Legats feet His Dominions reach from one Sea to another viz. from the Tyrrhene to the Adriatique and these Territories run through the center of Italy which enables the Pope to do good or harm to the Princes about him and makes him capable to be an Vmpire or a potent Enemy his authority being mixt twixt secular and spiritual for he can use the sword and thunder-bolt of Excommunication at plesure And to return to our chief subject most of the Countreys pointed at before being feathers of the Eagle did much decrease her strength Moreover as the Roman Church did this way impair the power of the Empire so the Reformed Church and the difference of Religion in Germany did much enfeeble it For those Princes who turn'd Lutherans daylie encroach'd upon and impropriated the demeans of the Church which was a great support to the Emperour being more devoted to him than to the secnlar Princes But to go a little more particularly to work we will not rove in Asia and Afrique where so many mighty parts of the Continent fell from the Roman Empire nor will we look so farr back in Europe as to speak of the defection of Spain France and Great Britain which was the first Province that fell from Rome though indeed Rome may he sayed to have fallen first from Her being not able by reason of warrs she had in other Countreys to protect the Britains against the Picts as England sayes now in point of Religion that she had never fallen away from Rome unlesse Rome had fallen from her self I say we will not look so fart back but come to more modern Times since the Empire came within the German pale The Suisses were one of the last that revolted who being summon'd to the Imperiall Chamber at Spire they sent a rough hewn Ambassadors totell the Imperial Councel in these words Domini confaederati Heluetii vos vicinos suos salvere jubent mirantur verò quod tam crebris citationibus c. The Lords Confaederats of Switzerland do greet you their Neighbours but they wonder that by your so frequent citations you wold disquiet Them therfore they pray and exhort you

A DISCOURS OF THE EMPIRE AND OF The Election of A King of the ROMANS the greatest Busines of Christendom now in Agitation AS ALSO Of the Colledg of Electors their particular Interests and who is most likely to be the next EMPEROVR {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} J. Senesco non Segnesco H. LONDON Printed by F. L. for Charles Webb at the Bores-head in S. Pauls Church-yard 1658. The Summ and substance of the ensuing Discours as it is divided to seven Sections THe proeme shewing the Motives that induc'd the Author to undertake this task The first Section Treats of the first Rise of the Roman Empire and of the sundry Rotations or Retrogradations of Goverment that hapned in Rome c. The second Section Treats of the Septemvirat or the Electors of the Roman Empire their primitive Constitution and Power with their precedence and offices c. The third Section Treats of the stile and title of Emperour or Caesar and of the King of the Romans c. The fourth Section Treats of the Diet or Imperial Parlement and the Members therof with the Division of Germany and the strength of the Empire c. The fift Section Consists of a parralel 'twixt the Empire pass'd and the present with the causes first and last of the declination therof c. The sixt Section Treats of the enlargement of the Colledg of Electors from seven to an Octum virat And of the Contest that 's now 'twixt the Count Palatin of the Rhin and the Duke of Bavaria touching the Vicarship of the Empire c. The seventh Section Consists of som reflexes made upon the present conjuncture of things and the political Condition of Germany with a conjecture who is likely to be King of the Romans and consequently the next Emperour c. A Corollary Pauca in multa diffundere est opus Ingenii Multa in pauca digerere est opus Artis A DISCOURS OF THE EMPIRE IN A LETTER Sent lately to a Noble Personage My Lord THe Election of a King of the Romans and consequently of a Western Emperour being now the Gran Busines in agitation and wheron the eyes not only of all Christendom but of other Princes as well Turk as Tartar are more earnestly fix'd than at other times because of so long a vacancy and a kind of demurr As also for the opposition that France with all her confederatts are like to make for secluding and putting by the House of Austria especially the young King of Hungary wherin the German Empire hath continued above two hundred and odde yeers And wheras that after som loose extemperall communications lately upon this subject your Lordshipp desir'd much to be inform'd of the present estate and interests of Germany together with the power and primitive constitution of the Septemvirat or the Colledg of Electors with other reflexes upon that point Being returned home I fell a rummaging my old papers and such remarques that I gathered when I was employ'd in some parts of the Empire and to comply with your Lordshipps desires which shall alwaies be as binding to me as Decrees I have digested into this short ensuing Discours consisting of seven Sections The first Section Treating of the first Rise of the Roman Empire and the sundry Rotations or Retrogradations of Goverments that hapned in Rome c. NOw for a cleerer illustration of things and a more regular proceeding it is not amiss to fetch in matters from their fundamental for the furthest way about is somtimes the neerest way home specially in the reserches of Truth And to do this we must go to Rome a City that hath had as many strange traverses of fortune and turns of Goverment as any other upon Earth having bin eight several times ravish'd and ransack'd by sundry warlike Nations First by Brennus the bold Britain then by Alaric the Goth afterwards by Ge●sericus the Vandale then twice by To●ila the Hun after him by the Moores and Saracens then by three Christian Emperours viz. by Henry the fourth Otho the third and Charles the fift when his General the Duke of Bourbon breath'd his last in scaling her walls and she was lately like to receive an ill-favour'd shock by the Duke of Parma yet she never fell sans recource as they say or was ever layed so flat upon her back but she recovered herself and rays'd up her crest again whence it may be inferr'd that an extraordinary Providence and Tutelar Genius doth attend that Citty 'T is tru that the translating of the Imperial Court by Constantine to Bizantium which he christned afterwards with his own name was fatal to Rome when the glory of the Tyber and Tyrrhene Sea pass'd over to the Hellespont yet a Spiritual Head preserv'd her still in some lustre In so much that when the Pope came to be her Master she might have bin sayed to have bin reduc'd to her first Principles and to have pass'd from one Shepheard to another viz. from Romulus to Sylvester But ther were a world of vicissitudes and revolutions of goverments interven'd and pass'd between Her primitive and original way of Ruling was by Kings but after a hundred and forty yeers continuance she surfetted upon that which surfett may be sayed to have proceeded from the Peeples wantones rather than from Tarquins lust Then she was govern'd a while by Consulls so call'd a Consulends carrying a memento of their duty is their names Then followed the Decemvirs who were put down for the same vice that destroyed the Kings After that the Supremacy was delated to two Tribunes Then it revolv'd to Consulls then to Tribunes again b●● more than two which lasted a good tract of time above seventy yeers then came Consuls in again the third time after that Dictators untill Caius Iulius Caesars time who was the first perpetuall Dictator and a little after the first Emperour though it cost him dear for he might be sayed to have cimented the foundation of the Roman Empire with his own bloud being murther'd in the Senat by small contemptible tools yet it remain'd in his progeny to six descents viz. to Domitius Nero Thus after so many rotations or retrogradations of goverments and a kind of cushion dance of several kind of Rulers the Imperial was Established at last and the successive Emperours were us'd to be chosen by the Senat and then saluted by the Army But afterwards the Legionary Soldiers Pretorian bands made Emperours sub hasta in the field and Galba was the first who was chosen so and that with the consent of the Senat now it was the most unpolitique act that ever the Roman Senat committed which prov'd so fatal to so many of the following Emperours who held not their security as much as their lifes from the Soldiers which took them away at plesure for after that the Election pass'd from the Senat to the Sword ther were above thirty Emperours that were put to violent deaths and som of them very