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city_n bishop_n church_n rome_n 9,289 5 7.3911 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A31421 Primitive Christianity, or, The religion of the ancient Christians in the first ages of the Gospel in three parts / by William Cave. Cave, William, 1637-1713. 1675 (1675) Wing C1599; ESTC R29627 336,729 800

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province_n who_o enjoy_v nothing_o but_o that_o name_n and_o title_n his_o episcopal_n see_v be_v by_o the_o emperor_n pragmatic_n erect_v into_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o metropolis_n he_o be_v only_o a_o honorary_a metropolitan_a without_o any_o real_a power_n and_o jurisdiction_n and_o have_v no_o other_o privilege_n but_o that_o he_o take_v place_n above_o other_o ordinary_a bishop_n in_o all_o thing_n else_o equal_o subject_a with_o they_o to_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o the_o province_n 12._o as_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n determine_v in_o this_o case_n when_o this_o office_n of_o metropolitan_a first_o begin_v i_o find_v not_o only_o this_o we_o be_v sure_a of_o that_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a settle_v the_o just_a right_n and_o privilege_n of_o metropolitan_a bishop_n speak_v of_o they_o as_o a_o thing_n of_o ancient_a date_n usher_v in_o the_o canon_n with_o a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 6._o let_v ancient_a custom_n still_o take_v place_n the_o original_n of_o the_o institution_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v partly_o to_o comply_v with_o people_n occasion_n who_o oft_o resort_v to_o the_o metropolis_n for_o dispatch_v of_o their_o affair_n and_o so_o may_v fit_o discharge_v their_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a concern_v both_o at_o once_o and_o partly_o because_o of_o the_o great_a confluence_n of_o people_n to_o that_o city_n antioch_n that_o the_o bishop_n of_o it_o may_v have_v pre-eminence_n above_o the_o rest_n 9_o and_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o church_n bear_v some_o proportion_n to_o that_o of_o the_o state_n after_o this_o spring_v up_o another_o branch_n of_o the_o episcopal_a office_n as_o much_o superior_a to_o that_o of_o metropolitan_o as_o they_o be_v to_o ordinary_a bishop_n these_o be_v call_v primate_fw-la and_o patriarch_n and_o have_v jurisdiction_n over_o many_o province_n for_o the_o understanding_n of_o this_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o know_v that_o when_o christianity_n come_v to_o be_v full_o settle_v in_o the_o world_n they_o contrive_v to_o model_n the_o external_a government_n of_o the_o church_n as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v to_o the_o civil_a government_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o parallel_n most_o exact_o draw_v by_o a_o ingenious_a person_n of_o our_o own_o nation_n 1._o the_o sum_n of_o it_o be_v this_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o rome_n be_v divide_v into_o thirteen_o diocece_n so_o they_o call_v those_o division_n these_o contain_v about_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o provinses_n and_o every_o province_n several_a city_n now_o as_o in_o every_o city_n there_o be_v a_o temporal_a magistrate_n for_o the_o execute_n of_o justice_n and_o keep_v peace_n both_o for_o that_o city_n and_o the_o town_n round_o about_o it_o so_o be_v there_o also_o a_o bishop_n for_o spiritual_a order_n and_o government_n who_o jurisdiction_n be_v of_o like_a extent_n and_o latitude_n in_o every_o province_n there_o be_v a_o proconsul_n or_o precedent_n who_o seat_n be_v usual_o at_o the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n and_o hither_o all_o inferior_a city_n come_v for_o judgement_n in_o matter_n of_o importance_n and_o in_o proportion_n to_o this_o there_o be_v in_o the_o same_o city_n a_o archbishop_n or_o metropolitan_a for_o matter_n of_o ecclesiastical_a concernment_n last_o in_o every_o diocese_n the_o emperor_n have_v their_o vicarii_fw-la or_o lieutenant_n who_o dwell_v in_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o the_o diocese_n where_o all_o imperial_a edict_n be_v publish_v and_o from_o whence_o they_o be_v send_v abroad_o into_o the_o several_a province_n and_o where_o be_v the_o chief_a tribunal_n where_o all_o cause_n not_o determinable_a elsewhere_o be_v decide_v and_o to_o answer_v this_o there_o be_v in_o the_o same_o city_n a_o primate_n to_o who_o the_o last_o determination_n of_o all_o appeal_n from_o all_o the_o province_n in_o difference_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o sovereign_a care_n of_o all_o the_o diocese_n for_o sundry_a point_n of_o spiritual_a government_n do_v belong_v this_o in_o short_a be_v the_o sum_n of_o the_o account_n which_o that_o learned_a man_n give_v of_o this_o matter_n so_o that_o the_o patriarch_n as_o superior_a to_o metropolitan_o be_v to_o have_v under_o his_o jurisdiction_n not_o any_o one_o single_a province_n but_o a_o whole_a diocese_n in_o the_o old_a roman_a notion_n of_o that_o word_n consist_v of_o many_o province_n to_o he_o belong_v the_o ordination_n of_o all_o the_o metropolitan_o that_o be_v under_o he_o as_o also_o the_o summon_v they_o to_o council_n the_o correct_v and_o reform_v the_o misdemeanour_n they_o be_v guilty_a of_o and_o from_o his_o judgement_n and_o sentence_n in_o thing_n proper_o within_o his_o cognizance_n there_o lie_v no_o appeal_n to_o this_o i_o shall_v only_o add_v what_o salmasius_n have_v note_v 331._o that_o as_o the_o diocese_n that_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o vicarius_fw-la have_v many_o province_n under_o it_o so_o the_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la have_v several_a diocese_n under_o he_o and_o in_o proportion_n to_o this_o probable_o it_o be_v that_o patriarch_n be_v first_o bring_v in_o who_o if_o not_o superior_a to_o primate_fw-la in_o jurisdiction_n and_o power_n be_v yet_o in_o honour_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o those_o city_n where_o their_o see_z be_v fix_v as_o at_o rome_n constantinople_n alexandria_n antioch_n and_o jerusalem_n a_o title_n and_o dignity_n which_o they_o retain_v to_o this_o day_n the_o next_o office_n to_o bishop_n be_v that_o of_o presbyter_n to_o who_o it_o belong_v to_o preach_v to_o the_o people_n to_o administer_v baptism_n consecrate_v the_o eucharist_n and_o to_o be_v assistant_n to_o the_o bishop_n both_o in_o public_a ministration_n and_o in_o dispatch_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o church_n the_o truth_n be_v the_o presbyter_n of_o every_o great_a city_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o ecclesiastical_a senate_n under_o the_o care_n and_o presidency_n of_o the_o bishop_n who_o counsel_n and_o assistance_n he_o make_v use_v of_o in_o rule_v those_o society_n of_o christian_n that_o be_v under_o his_o charge_n and_o government_n and_o be_v according_o reckon_v next_o in_o place_n and_o power_n to_o he_o thus_o describe_v by_o s._n gregory_n in_o his_o jambic_n 2._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o venerable_a senate_n of_o presbyter_n that_o preside_v over_o the_o people_n and_o possess_v the_o second_o throne_n i._n e._n the_o place_n next_o to_o the_o bishop_n 11._o they_o be_v call_v clerici_fw-la superioris_fw-la loci_fw-la and_o otherwhiles_o unless_o we_o understand_v it_o of_o the_o chorepiscopi_fw-la antistites_fw-la in_fw-la secundo_fw-la ordine_fw-la fid_fw-we and_o according_o in_o church_n have_v seat_n of_o eminency_n place_v for_o they_o next_o to_o the_o bishop_n throne_n 96._o whereby_o be_v imply_v say_v zonara_n that_o they_o ought_v to_o use_v a_o proportionable_a care_n and_o apost_n providence_n towards_o the_o people_n to_o inform_v and_o teach_v they_o to_o direct_v and_o guide_v they_o be_v appoint_v as_o fellow-labourer_n with_o and_o assistant_n to_o the_o bishop_n but_o though_o presbyter_n by_o their_o ordination_n have_v a_o power_n confer_v upon_o they_o to_o administer_v holy_a thing_n yet_o after_o that_o the_o church_n be_v settle_v upon_o foundation_n of_o order_n and_o regularity_n they_o do_v not_o usual_o exercise_v this_o power_n within_o any_o diocese_n without_o leave_n and_o authority_n from_o the_o bishop_n much_o less_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o preach_v in_o his_o presence_n this_o custom_n however_o it_o may_v be_v otherwise_o in_o the_o eastern_a church_n we_o be_v sure_o be_v constant_o observe_v in_o the_o church_n of_o afric_n till_o the_o time_n of_o valerius_n 862_o s._n augustine_n predecessor_n in_o the_o see_v of_o hippo._n who_o be_v a_o greek_a 1._o and_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o little_a skill_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n unable_a to_o preach_v to_o the_o edification_n of_o the_o people_n admit_v s._n augustine_n who_o he_o have_v late_o ordain_v presbyter_n to_o preach_v before_o he_o which_o though_o at_o first_o it_o be_v ill_a resent_v by_o some_o bishop_n in_o those_o part_n yet_o quick_o become_v a_o precedent_n for_o other_o church_n to_o follow_v after_o after_o these_o come_v deacon_n what_o the_o duty_n of_o their_o place_n be_v appear_v from_o their_o primitive_a election_n 6._o the_o apostle_n set_v they_o apart_o to_o serve_v or_o minister_v to_o the_o table_n i.e._n to_o attend_v upon_o and_o take_v charge_n of_o those_o daily_a provision_n that_o be_v make_v for_o poor_a indigent_a christian_n but_o certain_o it_o imply_v also_o their_o be_v destinate_a to_o a_o peculiar_a attendance_n at_o the_o service_n of_o the_o lord_n table_n and_o both_o these_o may_v be_v very_o well_o mean_v in_o that_o place_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o christian_n then_o to_o meet_v every_o day_n at_o the_o
there_o describe_v the_o very_a form_n and_o fashion_n of_o it_o and_o in_o another_o place_n speak_v of_o their_o go_v into_o the_o water_n to_o be_v baptize_v 101._o he_o tell_v we_o they_o be_v wont_n first_o to_o go_v into_o the_o church_n to_o make_v their_o solemn_a renunciation_n before_o the_o bishop_n about_o this_o time_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o alexander_n severus_n the_o emperor_n who_o begin_v his_o reign_n about_o the_o year_n 222._o the_o heathen_a historian_n tell_v we_o that_o when_o there_o be_v a_o contest_v between_o the_o christian_n and_o the_o vintner_n about_o a_o certain_a public_a place_n 575._o which_o the_o christian_n have_v seize_v and_o challenge_v for_o they_o the_o emperor_n give_v the_o cause_n for_o the_o christian_n against_o the_o vintner_n saying_n '_o it_o be_v much_o better_a that_o god_n shall_v be_v worship_v there_o any_o way_n than_o that_o the_o vintner_n shall_v possess_v it_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v that_o the_o heathen_n of_o those_o time_n general_o accuse_v the_o christian_n for_o have_v no_o temple_n and_o charge_v it_o upon_o they_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o atheism_n and_o impiety_n 26._o and_o that_o the_o christian_a apologist_n do_v not_o deny_v it_o as_o will_v appear_v to_o any_o that_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o examine_v the_o place_n allege_v in_o the_o margin_n 83._o to_o this_o the_o answer_n in_o short_a depend_v upon_o the_o notion_n which_o they_o have_v of_o a_o temple_n 141._o by_o which_o the_o gentile_n understand_v the_o place_n devote_v to_o their_o god_n and_o wherein_o their_o deity_n be_v enclose_v and_o shut_v up_o place_n adorn_v with_o statue_n and_o image_n with_o fine_a altar_n and_o ornament_n and_o for_o such_o temple_n as_o these_o they_o free_o confess_v they_o have_v none_o no_o nor_o ought_v to_o have_v for_o that_o the_o true_a god_n do_v not_o as_o the_o heathen_n suppose_v they_o dwell_v in_o temple_n make_v with_o hand_n nor_o either_o need_v nor_o can_v possible_o be_v honour_v by_o they_o and_o therefore_o they_o purposely_o abstain_v from_o the_o word_n temple_n and_o i_o do_v not_o remember_v that_o it_o be_v use_v by_o any_o christian_a writer_n for_o the_o place_n of_o the_o christian_a assembly_n for_o the_o best_a part_n of_o the_o first_o three_o hundred_o year_n and_o yet_o those_o very_a writer_n who_o deny_v christian_n to_o have_v have_v any_o temple_n do_v at_o the_o same_o time_n acknowledge_v that_o they_o have_v their_o meeting_n place_n for_o divine_a worship_n 67._o their_o conventicula_fw-la as_o arnobius_n call_v they_o and_o complain_v they_o be_v furious_o demolish_v by_o their_o enemy_n if_o any_o desire_n to_o know_v more_o concern_v this_o as_o also_o that_o christian_n have_v appropriate_a place_n of_o worship_n for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o three_o first_o century_n let_v he_o read_v a_o discourse_n purposely_o write_v upon_o this_o subject_n by_o a_o most_o learned_a man_n of_o our_o own_o nation_n 2._o nor_o 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erect_v from_o the_o very_a foundation_n more_o fair_a and_o spacious_a church_n in_o every_o city_n this_o be_v several_a year_n before_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n and_o yet_o even_o then_o they_o have_v their_o church_n of_o ancient_a date_n this_o indeed_o be_v a_o very_a serene_a and_o sun-shiny_a season_n but_o alas_o it_o begin_v to_o darken_v again_o and_o the_o cloud_n return_v after_o rain_n for_o in_o the_o very_a next_o chapter_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o dioclesian_n there_o come_v out_o imperial_a edict_n command_v all_o christian_n to_o be_v persecute_v the_o bishop_n to_o be_v imprison_v the_o holy_a bible_n to_o be_v burn_v and_o their_o church_n to_o be_v demolish_v and_o lay_v level_a with_o the_o ground_n 40._o which_o how_o many_o they_o be_v may_v be_v guess_v at_o by_o this_o that_o as_o optatus_n tell_v we_o there_o be_v about_o this_o time_n above_o forty_o basilicae_n or_o church_n in_o rome_n only_o upon_o constantine_n come_v into_o a_o partnership_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o cloud_n begin_v to_o dispense_v and_o scatter_v 364._o and_o maximi●us_n who_o then_o govern_v the_o eastern_a part_n of_o the_o empire_n a_o bitter_a enemy_n to_o christian_n be_v yet_o force_v by_o a_o public_a edict_n to_o give_v christian_n the_o free_a liberty_n of_o their_o religion_n and_o leave_v to_o repair_v and_o rebuild_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 370._o their_o church_n which_o short_o after_o they_o every_o where_o set_v upon_o raise_v their_o church_n from_o the_o ground_n to_o a_o vast_a height_n and_o to_o a_o far_o great_a splendour_n and_o glory_n than_o those_o which_o they_o have_v before_o the_o emperor_n give_v all_o possible_a encouragement_n to_o it_o by_o frequent_a law_n and_o constitution_n the_o christian_n also_o themselves_o contribute_v towards_o it_o with_o the_o great_a cheerfulness_n and_o liberality_n even_o to_o a_o magnificence_n comparable_a to_o that_o of_o the_o jewish_a prince_n towards_o the_o build_n of_o solomon_n temple_n 377._o as_o eusebius_n tell_v they_o in_o his_o oration_n at_o the_o dedication_n of_o the_o famous_a church_n at_o tyre_n and_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o whole_a empire_n devolve_v upon_o constantine_n 464._o but_o he_o publish_v two_o law_n one_o to_o prohibit_v pagan_a worship_n the_o other_o command_a church_n to_o be_v build_v of_o a_o noble_a size_n and_o capacity_n than_o before_o to_o which_o purpose_n he_o direct_v his_o letter_n to_o eusebius_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n to_o see_v it_o do_v within_o their_o several_a jurisdiction_n charge_v also_o the_o governor_n of_o province_n to_o be_v assist_v to_o they_o and_o to_o furnish_v they_o with_o whatever_o be_v necessary_a and_o convenient_a 660._o insomuch_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n the_o world_n be_v beautify_v with_o church_n and_o sacred_a oratory_n both_o in_o city_n and_o village_n and_o in_o the_o most_o barbarous_a and_o desert_a place_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v the_o historian_n from_o whence_o our_o kirk_n and_o church_n the_o lord_n house_n because_o erect_v not_o to_o man_n but_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o saviour_n it_o be_v needless_a to_o insist_v any_o long_o upon_o the_o piety_n of_o christian_n in_o build_a church_n in_o and_o after_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o instance_n be_v so_o vast_o numerous_a only_o i_o can_v omit_v what_o nazianzen_n report_v of_o his_o own_o father_n 313._o who_o though_o bishop_n of_o a_o very_a small_a and_o inconsiderable_a diocese_n yet_o build_v a_o famous_a church_n almost_o whole_o at_o his_o own_o charge_n thus_o we_o have_v see_v that_o from_o the_o very_a infancy_n of_o the_o gospel_n the_o christian_n always_o have_v their_o settle_a and_o determinate_a place_n of_o divine_a worship_n for_o the_o form_n and_o fashion_n of_o their_o church_n it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n oblong_v 875._o to_o keep_v say_v some_o the_o better_a correspondence_n with_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o ship_n the_o common_a notion_n and_o metaphor_n by_o which_o the_o church_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v represent_v and_o to_o put_v we_o in_o mind_n that_o we_o be_v toss_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o world_n as_o upon_o a_o stormy_a and_o tempestuous_a sea_n and_o that_o out_o of_o the_o church_n there_o be_v no_o safe_a passage_n to_o heaven_n the_o country_n we_o all_o hope_n to_o arrive_v at_o they_o be_v general_o build_v towards_o the_o east_n towards_o which_o also_o they_o perform_v the_o more_o solemn_a part_n of_o their_o worship_n the_o reason_n whereof_o we_o shall_v see_v afterward_o in_o its_o due_a place_n follow_v herein_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o gentile_n though_o upon_o far_o other_o ground_n than_o they_o do_v and_o this_o seem_v to_o have_v obtain_v from_o the_o first_o age_n of_o christianity_n 251._o sure_o i_o be_o it_o be_v so_o in_o tertullian_n time_n who_o
his_o particular_a lot_n and_o portion_n comprehend_v the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n in_o general_n but_o afterward_o this_o title_n be_v confine_v to_o narrow_a bound_n and_o become_v appropriate_a to_o that_o tribe_n which_o god_n have_v make_v choice_n of_o to_o stand_v before_o he_o to_o wait_v at_o his_o altar_n and_o to_o minister_v in_o the_o service_n of_o his_o worship_n and_o after_o the_o expiration_n of_o their_o oeconomy_n be_v according_o use_v to_o denote_v the_o ministry_n of_o the_o gospel_n the_o person_n peculiar_o consecrate_v and_o devote_v to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n in_o the_o christian_a church_n the_o clergy_n be_v those_o qui_fw-la divino_fw-la cultui_fw-la ministeria_fw-la religionis_fw-la impendunt_fw-la as_o they_o be_v define_v in_o a_o law_n of_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n who_o be_v set_v apart_o for_o the_o ministery_n of_o religion_n 2._o in_o matter_n relate_v to_o the_o divine_a worship_n now_o the_o whole_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v often_o call_v in_o the_o apostle_n canon_n the_o roll_n of_o the_o clergy_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n take_v it_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o its_o first_o four_o hundred_o year_n consist_v of_o two_o sort_n of_o person_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d who_o be_v peculiar_o consecrate_v to_o the_o more_o proper_a and_o immediate_a act_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n and_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d such_o as_o be_v set_v apart_o only_o for_o the_o more_o mean_a and_o common_a service_n of_o the_o church_n of_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v these_o three_o bishop_n presbyter_n and_o deacon_n the_o first_o and_o principal_a officer_n of_o the_o church_n be_v the_o precedent_n or_o bishop_n usual_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o presbyter_n i_o shall_v not_o here_o concern_v myself_o in_o the_o dispute_v whether_o episcopacy_n as_o a_o superior_a order_n to_o presbytery_n be_v of_o divine_a institution_n a_o controversy_n sufficient_o ventilate_v in_o the_o late_a time_n it_o be_v enough_o to_o my_o purpose_n what_o be_v acknowledge_v both_o by_o blondel_n and_o salmasius_n the_o most_o learned_a defender_n of_o presbytery_n that_o bishop_n be_v distinct_a from_o and_o superior_a to_o presbyter_n in_o the_o second_o century_n or_o the_o next_o age_n to_o the_o apostle_n the_o main_a work_n and_o office_n of_o a_o bishop_n be_v to_o teach_v and_o instruct_v the_o people_n to_o administer_v the_o sacrament_n to_o absolve_v penitent_n to_o eject_v and_o excommunicate_v obstinate_a and_o incorrigible_a offender_n to_o preside_v in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o clergy_n to_o ordain_v inferior_a officer_n in_o the_o church_n to_o call_v they_o to_o account_n and_o to_o suspend_v or_o deal_v with_o they_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o offence_n to_o urge_v the_o observance_n of_o ecclesiastical_a law_n and_o to_o appoint_v and_o institute_v such_o indifferent_a rite_n as_o be_v for_o the_o decent_a and_o orderly_a administration_n of_o his_o church_n in_o short_a according_a to_o the_o notation_n of_o his_o name_n he_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o watchman_n and_o sentinal_n and_o therefore_o oblige_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d diligent_o and_o careful_o to_o inspect_v and_o observe_v to_o superintend_v and_o provide_v for_o those_o that_o be_v under_o his_o charge_n this_o zonaras_n tell_v we_o be_v imply_v in_o the_o bishop_n throne_n 58._o be_v place_v on_o high_a in_o the_o most_o eminent_a part_n of_o the_o church_n to_o denote_v how_o much_o it_o be_v his_o duty_n from_o thence_o to_o overlook_v and_o very_o diligent_o to_o observe_v the_o people_n that_o be_v under_o he_o these_o and_o many_o more_o be_v the_o unquestionable_a right_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o episcopal_a office_n which_o because_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a and_o troublesome_a for_o one_o man_n to_o discharge_v especial_o where_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o diocese_n as_o we_o now_o call_v it_o be_v any_o thing_n large_a therefore_o upon_o the_o multiply_a of_o country_n church_n it_o be_v think_v fit_a to_o take_v in_o a_o subordinate_a sort_n of_o bishop_n call_v chorepiscopi_fw-la country_n or_o as_o among_o we_o they_o have_v be_v call_v suffragan_a bishop_n who_o business_n it_o be_v to_o superintend_v and_o inspect_v the_o church_n in_o the_o country_n that_o lie_v more_o remote_a from_o the_o city_n where_o the_o episcopal_n see_v be_v and_o which_o the_o bishop_n can_v not_o always_o inspect_v and_o oversee_v in_o his_o own_o person_n these_o be_v the_o vicarii_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la as_o they_o be_v call_v in_o isidores_n version_n of_o the_o thirteen_o canon_n both_o of_o the_o ancyran_n and_o neocaesarean_a council_n the_o bishop_n deputy_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o fit_a and_o grave_a person_n in_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o last_o mention_v council_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v choose_v in_o imitation_n of_o the_o seventy_o not_o the_o seventy_o elder_n which_o moses_n take_v in_o to_o bear_v part_n of_o the_o government_n as_o some_o have_v gloss_v the_o word_n of_o that_o canon_n but_o of_o the_o seventy_o disciple_n who_o our_o lord_n make_v choice_n of_o to_o send_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n as_o both_o zonaras_n and_o balsamon_n understand_v it_o and_o thereupon_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a care_n and_o pain_n be_v command_v to_o be_v esteem_v very_o honourable_a their_o authority_n be_v much_o great_a than_o that_o of_o presbyter_n and_o yet_o much_o inferior_a to_o the_o bishop_n 10._o bishop_n real_o they_o be_v though_o their_o power_n confine_v within_o narrow_a limit_n they_o be_v not_o allow_v to_o ordain_v either_o presbyter_n or_o deacon_n unless_o peculiar_o license_v to_o it_o by_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n though_o they_o may_v ordain_v subdeacon_n reader_n and_o any_o inferior_a officer_n under_o they_o they_o be_v to_o be_v assistant_n to_o the_o bishop_n may_v be_v present_a at_o synod_n and_o council_n to_o many_o whereof_o we_o find_v their_o subscription_n and_o have_v power_n to_o give_v letter_n of_o peace_n i._n e._n such_o letter_n 8._o whereby_o the_o bishop_n of_o one_o diocese_n be_v wont_a to_o recommend_v any_o of_o his_o clergy_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o another_o that_o so_o a_o fair_a understanding_n and_o correspondence_n may_v be_v maintain_v between_o they_o a_o privilege_n express_o deny_v to_o any_o presbyter_n whatsoever_o but_o lest_o this_o wander_a employment_n of_o the_o chorepiscopi_fw-la shall_v reflect_v any_o dishonour_n upon_o the_o episcopal_a office_n there_o be_v certain_a presbyter_n appoint_v in_o their_o room_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 57_o or_o visiter_n often_o mention_v in_o the_o ancient_a canon_n and_o act_n of_o council_n who_o be_v tie_v to_o no_o certain_a place_n be_v to_o go_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n to_o observe_v and_o correct_v what_o be_v amiss_o and_o these_o doubtless_o be_v those_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d speak_v of_o in_o the_o thirteen_o canon_n of_o the_o neocaesarean_a council_n those_o rural_a presbyter_n who_o be_v there_o forbid_v to_o consecrate_v the_o eucharist_n in_o the_o city_n church_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o bishop_n or_o the_o presbyter_n of_o the_o city_n as_o christianity_n increase_v and_o overspread_v all_o part_n and_o especial_o the_o city_n of_o the_o empire_n it_o be_v find_v necessary_a yet_o far_o to_o enlarge_v the_o episcopal_a office_n and_o as_o there_o be_v common_o a_o bishop_n in_o every_o great_a city_n so_o in_o the_o metropolis_n as_o the_o roman_n call_v it_o the_o mother_n city_n of_o every_o province_n wherein_o they_o have_v court_n of_o civil_a judicature_n there_o be_v a_o archbishop_n or_o a_o metropolitan_a who_o have_v ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n over_o all_o the_o church_n within_o that_o province_n he_o be_v superior_a to_o all_o the_o bishop_n within_o those_o limit_n to_o he_o it_o belong_v either_o to_o ordain_v or_o to_o ratify_v the_o election_n and_o ordination_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n within_o his_o province_n insomuch_o that_o without_o his_o confirmation_n they_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o null_n and_o void_a once_o at_o least_o every_o year_n he_o be_v to_o summon_v the_o bishop_n under_o he_o to_o a_o synod_n to_o inquire_v into_o and_o direct_v the_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n within_o that_o province_n to_o inspect_v the_o life_n and_o manner_n the_o opinion_n and_o principle_n of_o his_o bishop_n to_o admonish_v reprove_v and_o suspend_v they_o that_o be_v disorderly_a and_o irregular_a if_o any_o controversy_n or_o contention_n happen_v between_o any_o of_o they_o he_o be_v to_o have_v the_o hear_n and_o determination_n of_o they_o and_o indeed_o no_o matter_n of_o moment_n be_v do_v within_o the_o whole_a province_n without_o first_o consult_v he_o in_o the_o case_n beside_o this_o metropolitan_a there_o be_v many_o time_n another_o in_o the_o same_o
father_n who_o be_v bishop_n of_o but_o a_o little_a diocese_n lie_v very_o sick_a and_o all_o other_o remedy_n prove_v unsuccessful_a the_o people_n general_o flock_v to_o church_n and_o though_o it_o be_v then_o the_o joyful_a time_n of_o easter_n break_v out_o into_o mournful_a and_o passionate_a complaint_n and_o with_o the_o most_o earnest_a prayer_n and_o tear_n beseech_v god_n for_o his_o life_n laud._n and_o of_o basil_n bishop_n of_o caesarea_n he_o tell_v we_o 371._o that_o when_o he_o lie_v a_o die_a the_o whole_a city_n come_v about_o he_o not_o able_a to_o bear_v his_o departure_n from_o they_o pray_v as_o if_o they_o will_v have_v lay_v hand_n upon_o his_o soul_n and_o by_o force_n detain_v it_o in_o his_o body_n they_o be_v say_v he_o even_o distract_v with_o the_o thought_n of_o so_o great_a a_o loss_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o who_o will_v not_o have_v be_v willing_a to_o have_v be_v deprive_v of_o part_n of_o his_o own_o life_n may_v it_o have_v add_v unto_o he_o his_o funeral_n be_v solemnize_v with_o all_o possible_a testimony_n of_o love_n and_o honourable_a attendance_n and_o with_o the_o abundant_a tear_n not_o only_o of_o christian_n but_o of_o jew_n and_o heathen_n the_o confluence_n so_o vast_a that_o many_o be_v press_v to_o death_n in_o the_o crowd_n and_o send_v to_o bear_v he_o company_n to_o his_o long_a home_n and_o that_o we_o may_v see_v that_o their_o respect_n do_v not_o lie_v mere_o in_o a_o few_o kind_a word_n or_o external_a protestation_n they_o make_v it_o good_a in_o more_o real_a and_o evident_a demonstration_n by_o provide_v liberal_a maintenance_n for_o they_o part_v at_o first_o with_o their_o own_o estate_n to_o supply_v the_o use_n of_o the_o church_n and_o after_o that_o make_v no_o less_o large_a than_o frequent_a contribution_n which_o can_v not_o but_o amount_v to_o very_o considerable_a sum_n the_o piety_n of_o christian_n daily_o add_v to_o their_o liberality_n of_o which_o we_o may_v make_v some_o estimate_n 1739._o by_o what_o the_o heathen_a historian_n with_o a_o little_a kind_n of_o envy_n relate_v only_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o doubtless_o it_o be_v so_o in_o some_o proportion_n in_o other_o place_n that_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o clergy_n arise_v from_o oblation_n chief_o be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o enable_v they_o to_o live_v in_o a_o princelike_a state_n and_o plenty_n and_o not_o long_o after_o it_o become_v the_o object_n not_o only_o of_o admiration_n but_o envy_n savil._n insomuch_o that_o chrysostom_n be_v force_v to_o make_v one_o whole_a sermon_n against_o those_o that_o envy_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o clergy_n it_o be_v also_o the_o great_a care_n of_o those_o time_n to_o free_v they_o from_o what_o may_v be_v either_o scandalous_a or_o burdensome_a to_o their_o call_n hist_o constantine_n decree_v that_o the_o orthodox_n clergy_n shall_v be_v exempt_a from_o all_o civil_a office_n cod._n or_o whatever_o may_v hinder_v their_o attendance_n upon_o the_o service_n of_o the_o church_n 2._o his_o son_n constantius_n 12._o that_o bishop_n in_o many_o case_n shall_v not_o be_v chargeable_a in_o the_o secular_a court_n 21._o but_o be_v try_v in_o a_o assembly_n of_o bishop_n which_o privilege_n be_v extend_v by_o honorius_n to_o all_o the_o clergy_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v try_v before_o their_o bishop_n 1._o before_o who_o also_o he_o ordain_v that_o all_o cause_n proper_o belong_v to_o religion_n shall_v be_v bring_v and_o be_v determine_v by_o they_o and_o by_o another_o constitution_n that_o for_o the_o veneration_n that_o be_v due_a to_o the_o church_n 7._o all_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n shall_v be_v decide_v with_o all_o possible_a speed_n and_o to_o name_v no_o more_o that_o the_o person_n of_o minister_n may_v be_v secure_v from_o foreign_a attempt_n 31._o he_o and_o his_o colleague_n arcadius_n make_v a_o law_n that_o whosoever_o do_v offer_v any_o violence_n to_o they_o shall_v upon_o conviction_n or_o confession_n of_o the_o fact_n be_v punish_v with_o death_n and_o that_o the_o minister_n of_o civil_a justice_n shall_v not_o stay_v till_o the_o bishop_n complain_v of_o the_o injury_n that_o be_v do_v it_o be_v probable_a that_o he_o will_v rather_o incline_v to_o mercy_n and_o forgiveness_n but_o that_o every_o one_o in_o this_o case_n shall_v be_v admit_v and_o encourage_v to_o prefer_v and_o prosecute_v the_o charge_n and_o in_o case_n the_o rude_a multitude_n shall_v by_o arm_n or_o otherwise_o obstruct_v execution_n and_o that_o the_o power_n of_o that_o place_n can_v not_o see_v it_o do_v that_o then_o they_o shall_v call_v in_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n to_o see_v justice_n put_v into_o execution_n and_o because_o next_o to_o his_o person_n nothing_o be_v so_o dear_a to_o a_o clergyman_n as_o his_o credit_n and_o reputation_n 41._o therefore_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n take_v care_n by_o a_o law_n that_o whosoever_o be_v he_o a_o person_n of_o the_o high_a rank_n shall_v charge_v any_o clergyman_n with_o crime_n which_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v good_a he_o himself_o shall_v be_v public_o account_v vile_a and_o infamous_a it_o be_v but_o just_a and_o equal_a say_v the_o law_n that_o as_o guilt_n shall_v be_v punish_v and_o offender_n reckon_v as_o spot_n and_o blemish_n to_o the_o church_n so_o that_o injure_a innocency_n shall_v be_v right_v and_o maintain_v how_o infinite_o tender_v the_o first_o general_a council_n of_o constantinople_n be_v in_o this_o case_n to_o secure_v the_o honour_n and_o good_a name_n of_o bishop_n and_o clergyman_n against_o the_o malicious_a insinuation_n and_o charge_n of_o false_a accuser_n may_v appear_v by_o the_o large_a provision_n which_o they_o make_v about_o it_o in_o the_o six_o canon_n of_o that_o council_n and_o because_o it_o sometime_o so_o happen_v that_o a_o man_n enemy_n be_v those_o of_o his_o own_o house_n therefore_o the_o apostolical_a canon_n ordain_v 56._o that_o if_o any_o clergyman_n reproach_n and_o defame_v a_o bishop_n he_o shall_v be_v depose_v from_o his_o ministry_n for_o thou_o may_v not_o say_v the_o canon_n speak_v evil_a of_o the_o ruler_n of_o thy_o people_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o presbyter_n or_o deacon_n who_o he_o thus_o reproach_n he_o shall_v be_v suspend_v from_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o office_n so_o sacred_a and_o venerable_a do_v they_o then_o account_v the_o person_n and_o concernment_n of_o those_o who_o minister_v in_o the_o affair_n of_o divine_a worship_n chap._n ix_o of_o their_o usual_a worship_n both_o private_a and_o public_a the_o christian_n worship_n of_o god_n in_o their_o family_n discover_v their_o usual_a time_n of_o prayer_n pray_v before_o and_o after_o meal_n sing_v of_o psalm_n and_o read_v the_o scripture_n at_o the_o same_o time_n frequency_n in_o prayer_n note_v in_o divers_a instance_n their_o great_a reverence_n for_o the_o holy_a scripture_n in_o read_v expound_v commit_v they_o to_o memory_n several_a instance_n of_o it_o their_o care_n in_o instruct_v their_o family_n in_o divine_a thing_n sing_v of_o psalm_n mix_v with_o their_o usual_a labour_n a_o account_n of_o their_o public_a worship_n the_o order_n of_o the_o service_n in_o their_o assembly_n prayer_n read_v the_o scripture_n two_o lesson_n out_o of_o each_o testament_n clemens_n his_o epistle_n and_o the_o write_n of_o other_o pious_a man_n read_v in_o the_o church_n sing_v a_o part_n of_o the_o public_a service_n how_o ancient_a what_o those_o hymn_n be_v the_o sermon_n or_o discourse_n upon_o what_o subject_n usual_o such_o discourse_n call_v tractatus_fw-la and_o why_o more_o sermon_n than_o one_o at_o the_o same_o time_n sermon_n preach_v in_o the_o afternoon_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o morning_n the_o mighty_a concourse_n and_o confluence_n of_o people_n to_o these_o public_a solemnity_n the_o departure_n of_o the_o catechuman_n penitent_n etc._n etc._n the_o missa_fw-la catechumenorum_fw-la what_o the_o missa_fw-la fidelium_fw-la the_o word_n missa_fw-la or_o mass_n whence_o and_o how_o use_v in_o the_o writer_n of_o those_o time_n the_o singular_a reverence_n they_o show_v in_o these_o duty_n great_a modesty_n and_o humility_n pray_v with_o hand_n lift_v up_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o cross_n why_o they_o pray_v either_o kneel_v or_o stand_v sit_v in_o prayer_n note_v as_o a_o posture_n of_o great_a irreverence_n pray_v towards_o the_o east_n the_o universality_n of_o this_o custom_n the_o reason_n of_o it_o inquire_v into_o their_o reverence_n in_o hear_v god_n word_n the_o people_n general_o stand_v stand_v up_o at_o the_o gospel_n the_o remarkable_a piety_n and_o devotion_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a no_o depart_v the_o congregation_n till_o the_o blessing_n be_v give_v thus_o far_o we_o have_v discover_v the_o piety_n of_o those_o ancient_a time_n as_o to_o those_o necessary_a circumstance_n that_o relate_v to_o the_o
they_o hold_v not_o in_o the_o morning_n only_o but_o likewise_o in_o the_o afternoon_n at_o some_o time_n at_o least_o when_o they_o have_v their_o public_a prayer_n and_o sermon_n to_o the_o people_n 1._o this_o chrysostom_n assure_v we_o of_o in_o a_o homily_n upon_o this_o very_a subject_n in_o commendation_n of_o those_o who_o come_v to_o church_n after_o dinner_n and_o that_o as_o he_o tell_v they_o in_o great_a number_n than_o before_o who_o instead_o of_o sleep_v after_o dinner_n come_v to_o hear_v the_o divine_a law_n expound_v to_o they_o instead_o of_o walk_v upon_o the_o exchange_n and_o entertain_v themselves_o with_o idle_a and_o unprofitable_a chat_n come_v and_o stand_v among_o their_o brethren_n to_o converse_v with_o the_o discourse_n of_o the_o prophet_n and_o this_o he_o tell_v they_o he_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o not_o that_o it_o be_v a_o reproach_n to_o eat_v and_o to_o drink_v but_o that_o have_v do_v so_o it_o be_v a_o shame_n to_o stay_v at_o home_n and_o deprive_v themselves_o of_o those_o religious_a solemnity_n the_o same_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o make_v good_a from_o several_a passage_n in_o s._n basil_n s._n augustine_n and_o other_o who_o frequent_o refer_v to_o those_o sermon_n which_o they_o have_v preach_v in_o the_o morning_n but_o how_o many_o soever_o the_o discourse_n be_v the_o people_n be_v ready_a enough_o to_o entertain_v they_o flock_v to_o they_o as_o to_o their_o spiritual_a meal_n and_o banquet_n 39_o we_o meet_v together_o say_v tertullian_n to_o hear_v the_o holy_a scripture_n rehearse_v to_o we_o that_o so_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o time_n we_o may_v be_v either_o forewarn_v or_o correct_v by_o they_o for_o certain_o with_o these_o holy_a word_n we_o nourish_v our_o faith_n erect_v our_o hope_n seal_v our_o confidence_n and_o by_o these_o inculcation_n be_v the_o better_o establish_v in_o obedience_n to_o the_o divine_a command_n ●17_n nazianzen_n tell_v we_o what_o vast_a number_n use_v to_o meet_v in_o his_o church_n at_o constantinople_n of_o all_o sex_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o rank_n of_o person_n rich_a and_o poor_a honourable_a and_o ignoble_a learned_a and_o simple_a governor_n and_o people_n soldier_n and_o tradesman_n all_o here_o unanimous_o conspire_v together_o and_o greedy_o desirous_a to_o learn_v the_o knowledge_n of_o divine_a thing_n the_o like_a chrysostom_n report_v of_o the_o church_n at_o antioch_n that_o they_o will_v set_v aside_o all_o affair_n at_o home_n 623._o to_o come_v and_o hear_v sermon_n at_o church_n he_o tell_v they_o it_o be_v the_o great_a honour_n of_o the_o city_n not_o so_o much_o that_o it_o have_v large_a suburb_n and_o vast_a number_n of_o people_n or_o brave_a house_n with_o gild_a dining-room_n 750._o as_o that_o it_o have_v a_o diligent_a and_o attentive_a people_n and_o elsewhere_o that_o it_o be_v the_o great_a encouragement_n of_o his_o ministry_n to_o see_v such_o a_o famous_a and_o cheerful_a concourse_n a_o people_n so_o well_o order_v and_o desirous_a to_o hear_v that_o it_o be_v this_o advance_a their_o city_n above_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o senate_n or_o the_o office_n of_o consul_n or_o the_o variety_n of_o statue_n or_o ornament_n or_o the_o plenty_n of_o its_o merchandise_n or_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o its_o situation_n in_o that_o its_o people_n be_v so_o earnest_a to_o hear_v and_o learn_v its_o church_n so_o throng_v and_o crowd_v and_o all_o person_n inflame_v with_o such_o a_o insatiable_a desire_n of_o the_o word_n that_o be_v preach_v to_o they_o yea_o that_o this_o it_o be_v that_o adorn_v the_o city_n even_o above_o rome_n itself_o and_o indeed_o the_o commendation_n be_v the_o great_a in_o that_o commonness_n do_v not_o breed_v contempt_n it_o be_v usual_a in_o that_o church_n as_o chrysostom_n often_o intimate_v for_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o year_n to_o have_v sermon_n every_o day_n well_o sermon_n be_v end_v prayer_n be_v make_v with_o and_o for_o the_o catechuman_n 1006._o penitent_n possess_v and_o the_o like_a according_a to_o their_o respective_a capacity_n and_o qualification_n the_o person_n that_o be_v in_o every_o rank_n depart_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o prayer_n that_o particular_o concern_v they_o be_v do_v first_o the_o catechuman_n and_o then_o the_o penitent_n as_o be_v prescribe_v in_o the_o nineteen_o canon_n of_o the_o laodicean_n council_n for_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o service_n thus_o far_o perform_v but_o all_o that_o be_v under_o baptism_n or_o under_o the_o discipline_n of_o penance_n i._n e._n all_o that_o may_v not_o communicate_v at_o the_o lord_n table_n be_v command_v to_o depart_v the_o deacon_n cry_v aloud_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d those_o that_o be_v catechuman_n go_v out_o in_o the_o latin_a church_n the_o form_n be_v item_fw-la missa_fw-la est_fw-la depart_v there_o be_v a_o dismission_n of_o you_o missa_fw-la be_v the_o same_o with_o missio_fw-la as_o remissa_fw-la oft_o use_v in_o some_o writer_n for_o remissio_fw-la and_o so_o the_o word_n missa_fw-la be_v use_v by_o cassian_n even_o in_o his_o time_n 26._o for_o the_o dismission_n of_o the_o congregation_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o whole_a service_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o till_o the_o time_n that_o the_o hearer_n be_v dismiss_v come_v to_o be_v call_v missa_fw-la catechumenorum_fw-la the_o mass_n or_o service_n of_o the_o catechuman_n as_o that_o which_o be_v perform_v afterward_o at_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n be_v call_v missa_fw-la fidelium_fw-la the_o mass_n or_o service_n of_o the_o faithful_a because_o none_o but_o they_o be_v present_a at_o it_o and_o in_o these_o notion_n and_o no_o other_o the_o word_n be_v often_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o tertullian_n and_o other_o ancient_a writer_n of_o the_o church_n it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o process_n of_o time_n as_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o catechuman_n wear_v out_o so_o that_o title_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o service_n be_v 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shut_v they_o proceed_v to_o the_o lord_n supper_n at_o which_o the_o faithful_a only_o may_v be_v present_a wherein_o they_o pray_v for_o all_o state_n and_o rank_n of_o man_n give_v the_o the_o kiss_v of_o charity_n pray_v for_o consecration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n than_o receive_v the_o sacramental_a element_n make_v their_o offering_n and_o such_o like_a of_o which_o i_o do_v not_o now_o speak_v particular_o because_o i_o intend_v to_o treat_v distinct_o of_o the_o sacrament_n afterward_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n i_o say_v nothing_o concern_v their_o admonition_n church-censure_n absolution_n etc._n etc._n because_o these_o will_v come_v under_o consideration_n in_o another_o place_n as_o also_o because_o though_o manage_v at_o their_o public_a assembly_n be_v yet_o only_o accidental_a to_o they_o and_o no_o settle_a part_n of_o the_o divine_a service_n this_o in_o short_a be_v the_o general_a form_n of_o public_a worship_n in_o those_o ancient_a time_n which_o although_o it_o 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