in fortification a place in a ditch out of which to plague the assailants Cassation from casso a quashing annulling or making void Castalian-Wel a fountain at the foot of Parnassus sacred to the Muses taking name of Castalia a Virgin who as Poets fain flying from the leacherous god Apollo fell down headlong and was turned into this fountain Rider Castifical castificus making chaste pure or continent Castigate castigo to chastise correct reprove or punish Castleward Is an imposition laid upon such Subjects as dwel within a certain compass of any Castle towards the maintenance of such as watch and ward the Castle Mag. Char. c. 20. an 32. H. 8. ca. 48. It is used sometimes for the very circuit it self which is inhabited by such as are subject to this service as in Stows Annals p. 632. Castrate castro to geld to cut off or mangle to take away the strength Castrensian castrensis of a Camp or Army that pertaines to an Host or War Casuist from casus one that writes or is well seen in cases of conscience Casule or Planet casula one of those attires wherewith the Priest is vested when he says Mass resembling the purple robe of derision which the Souldiers put on our Savior saying Hail King of the Jews Tr. of Ma. Cata-baptist Gr. one that abuseth or depraves or is an adversary to the Sacrament of Baptism A Catabaptist may sometimes be no Anabaptist such was Leo Capronymus who defiled the Font at his Baptism yet was not Christened again but every Anabaptist is necessarily a Cataptist for the iteration of that Sacrament is an abuse and pollution of it Dippers dipt Catachrestical Catachrestique from catachresis abusive as when one word is improperly put for another Cataclysm cataclysmus a general flood or deluge a great showre of rain Mr. Evelyn Catadrome catadromus a place where they run with horses for prize a Tilt-yard An Engine which builders use like a Crane in lifting up or putting down any great weight Cataglottism Gr. a kissing with the tongue Cotg. Catagmatical catagmaticus of or belonging to broken bones or to the healing or closing such bones Catagraph catagraphe the first draught or delineation of a picture Cataloguize from catalogus to insert into a catalogue to inroll Catals Chatels In our Common Law it comprehends all goods movable and immovable but such as are in the nature of a Free-hold or parcel thereof Howbeit Kitchin chap. Cat. fol 32. saith That ready money is not accounted any goods or hattels nor Hawks nor Hounds See more in Cow Catalepsie catalepsis occupation deprehension knowledge Also a disease in the head occasioned by a distemper of the brain Catamidiate catamidio to put one to open shame and punishment for some notorious offence to scorn to defame ka me ka thee Catamite catamitus a boy hired to be abused contrary to nature a Ganymede Herb. tr Cataphysick Against nature Cataphor cataphora a deep or dead sleep Cataphrygians A Sect of Hereticks that lived in the time of Pope Soter and the Emperor Commodus about the year of Christ 181. they bore that name because their Arch-leaders Montanus and Apelles were of the Country Phrygia they erred about Baptism rejecting the form that Christ and his Apostles used they baptized their dead held two Marriages as bad as fornication with other wicked Tenets Cataplasm cataplasma properly a medicine or poultis made of divers herbs either bruised or boiled in water and so applied outwardly to the body if there be oyl added after the decoction it is not then called a Cataplasm but an Emplaister Catapult catapulta an antient warlike Engine to shoot Darts or great Arrows a far off and by this name was called not onely the instrument it self but the arrow or whatsoever was shot out of it as Turneb writes in his 15. Advers cap 1. This Engine was also called Balista Cataract cataracta a Portcullis a great fall of water from an high place also a distillation of humors out of the eyes a Flood-gate Catarrhe catarrhus a Rhewm or distillation of waterish humors out of the head into the mouth throat or eyes caused by a cold and sometimes hot distemperature of the brain Catastasis Gr. the third part of a Comedy and signifies the state and full vigour of it Tragedies and Comedies have four principal parts in respect of the matter treated of 1. Protasis 2. Epitasis 3. Catastasis 4. Catastrophe Catastrophe Gr. a subversion the end or last part of a Comedy or any other thing a sudden alteration the conclusion or shutting up a matter or the inclination unto the end as Vitae humanae catastrophe the end of a mans life Catechetical from catechesis pertaining to an Instruction by mouth or book Catechize catechizo to inform or instruct Catecumene catecumenus one lately taught and catechized by mouth or one that is catechized but hath not received the Communion Categorem categorema that part of a proposition which is predicated of the other Categorematical See Syncategorematical Category categoria properly an accusation It is also a term used in Logick and is the same with predicament See Predicament Categorical categoricus plain authentical already resolved on Cotgr. Catenate cateno to link chain or tie Catharians were a branch of the Novatian Hereticks that lived in the third age after Christ They took the name Cathari from the Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies clean or pure by reason of the cleanness and purity they challenged to themselves saying they were altogether pure from sin and therefore omitted that clause in the Lords Prayer Forgive us our Trespasses as we forgive c. they denied original sin and the necessity of Baptism with other Heretical doctrines Catharists so called from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. to purge from certain execrable cleansings or purgings which they used a branch of the Manichean Hereticks that appeared first to the world in the time of Pope Felix the first and of Aurelian the Emperor about the year of Christ 297. They rejected the Sacraments of the Church held oaths to be unlawful and forbidden Christians in all cases c. with other such mad positions Cathartical catharticus pertaining to a purgative or evacuative medicine and such medicines are called Catharticks Cathedral from cathedra of or belonging to a chair Cathedral Church so called from the Bishops chair in every such Church what soever City gives title to a Bishop there onely is a Cathedral Church as at York Worcester Hereford c. but none at Shrewsbury Northampton c. See Parish Cathedrarious cathedrarius of or belonging to a chair or seat Catholicisme catholicismus generality or universality or the Orthodox Faith of the Catholick Church Catholicon Gr. a certain composition in Physick so termed because it purgeth all kind of humors Catholick King a Title peculiar to the King of Spain as Most Christian to France and Defender of the Faith to England Alphonso the first of
walking up and down changeable Amburbial amburbialis that goes about the City Amburbial Sacrifices were when the beast went about the City before he was sacrificed Ambuscado Spa. souldiers hid in a secret place to entrap the enemy unawares an ambush a way-laying or laying in wait for Ambustion ambustio a burning or scorching about Amebean Verse Carmen Amoebaeum a Song or Verse when one answers another by course or is sung by turns Amen Heb. i.e. verè in the end of prayer wishing that it may be so so be it But when it is found twice repeated as Amen Amen then it implies verily verily for confirmation of a truth Mat. 18.3 Joh. 6.26 Durantus saith that Amen imports Be it to us which we have praied for Amen is used in most languages in Turky they use Homin instead of it S.H.B. Amenity amaenitas pleasantness mirth delight amity Amerciament from the Fr. merci i. Mercy signifies the pecuniary punishment of an offender against the King or other Lord in his Court that is found to be in misericordia i. to have offended and to stand at the mercy of the Lord. There seems to be a difference between Amerciaments and Fines Kitchin fol. 214. For Fines as taken for punishments are punishments certain which grow expresly from some Statute and Amerciaments are arbitrably imposed by Affeerors Cow America one of the four parts of the world so called from Americus Vespacius a Florentine who with Columbus a Genoese first discover'd this Country about the year 1492. which is most aptly called the New world new for the late discovery and world for the vast spaciousness of it For it being divided into two parts Mexicana and Peruana the compass of the first is deemed 17000 of the other 13000 miles Heyl. American Disease The great Pox brought first from the Indies by the Spaniards into Christendom and at the Siege of Naples they bestowed it on the French their enemies in the year 1528. See Morbus Gallicus Amfractuosity anfractuositas a manifold winding turning involution intricacy compass Amfractuous anfractuosus full of turnings or windings intricate maze-like perplexed Amicable amicabilis friendly like a friend Amict or Amice amictus us a garment or attire particularly it is that linen attire which Priests put first on when they vest themselves by which is represented the head-cloth wherewith the Jews covered the face and eys of our Savior when buffeting him they said Prophecy who is he that struck thee Amicted amictus clothed or covered with a garment Amie from the Fr. amiè beloved and that from Amatus a name common both to men and women The Earls and Dukes of Savoy who are commonly called Aimè were in Latin called Amadeus that is loving God as Theophilus We now use Amias for this in difference from Amie the womans name Cam. Amission amissio a loss or losing To Amit amitto to lose to pardon Ammodite ammodites a creeping vermin like a Viper but of a sandy colour and full of black spots Ammoniack A kind of gum almost like Frankincense so called because it grows in Lybia near the place where the Temple of Jupiter Ammon or Hammon was There is also a kinde of salt so called which is found in Africa under sand and is like Allum Bull. Amnesty amnestia forgetfulness of things past Icon. Basil Amnick amnicus of or belonging to a River Amonites taken either for a distinct people descended from Amon or generally used for all the Heathen whereof they were the worst and wickedest which possessed the land Gen. 15.16 Josh 2.10 Amos. 2.9 Amorist amator a lover an amorous fellow a wooer Amorositie from amor amorousness lovefulness Amoroso Ital. a he-lover and Amorosa a she-lover Amort from the Fr. amorti extinguished deaded quenched Hence 't is we use to say to those that are melancholy what alls-a-mort or amortified To Amortize from mors to deaden kill or slay Lord Bacon and Chaucer Amotion amotio a removing or Putting away Amphibology amphibologia a word or speech that hath a double or doubtful understanding or meaning Amphibion Amphibious amphibium amphibius that lives as well by water as on land Fuller Amphibolous Amphibolical Amphibological amphibolicus doubtful or doubtfully spoken Amphictious Amphyctiones were the most noble Counsellors of Greece selected out of the twelve prime Cities and instituted either by Acrisius as Strabo or as Halicarnassaeus thinks by Amphictyon the son of Helen from whom they seem to have derived their name They had power to decide all controversies and to enact Laws for the common good their meetings were at the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Ryder To Amphionize i. to play the Amphion who was the author of harmony and by his Eloquence brought men from savageness to civility Apol. for Learning Amphyscians amphyscii such people as live under the burning Zone near the Equinoctial line so called because their shadows at noon are sometimes toward the North sometimes toward the South Bull. Amphitheater amphitheatrum a kind of round Scaffold or Play-house full of benches of divers heights for people to sit and behold publique exercises It differs from a Theater as the Full Moon from the half this was but half-circled that round and composed as it were of two Theaters and is thereof so called Caius Julius Caesar says Polydore Virgil built the first Amphitheater in the field and consecrated it to Mars Verona a City in Lombardy boasts of an Amphitheater able to contain 80000 people And Vespatians Amphitheater at Rome said to be as great Theoderick King of the Goths did utterly abolish the pastimes then used to be exhibited upon these Amphitheatres Amphitrite Gr the wife of Neptune used for the Sea Ovid. Amphoral amphoralis containing or pertaining to Amphora which is a vessel or pot with two ears by some taken for a Rundlet of nine gallons Antiently the Italick Amphora contained five Gallons the Attick Amphora seven Gallons and a half Godwin 143. Ampliation ampliatio a deferring or prolonging of Judgement or trial till the cause be better certified an enlargement a Reprive Amplification amplificatio an amplifying enlarging or dilating Amplitude amplitudo greatness dignity breadth largenes Amplivagant amplivagus that stretcheth far or hath a large scope Ampullous ampullarius pertaining to or empty as a bottle or such like vessel also proud swelling or gorgeous Amputation amputatio a cutting off away or about a proyning Amulete amuletum a ball like a Pomander good against infection or bewitching also any thing that is hung about the neck to preserve one from bewitching or infection Ana A barbarous word used by Physicians and signifies of every one a like quantity Anabaptists a sort of Hereticks whose erroneous Tenents or the greatest part of them are 1. That Christ took not flesh from the Virgin Mary but that he past through her as the Sun beams through glass or rain through a spout 2. That there is no original sin 3. That children ought not to be baptized 4. That such as have
case any Sureties are taken whereas upon cases of greater weight special bail or Surety must be given as Subsidy men at the least and they according to the value See the difference between bail and mainprize in Manwoods Forest Law pag. 267. Bain Fr. a Bath Stew or hot-house Baisemains Fr. kissing of the hand humble service Balasse Sax. ballast or ballance Gravel or any thing of weight laid in the bottom of Ships to make them go upright Balcone Ital. balcon a bay window much used in our new buildings and therefore needs no further explanation Balcors See Conders Bale Fr. a pack or certain quantity of merchandize as a bale of Spicery or of Books Balk Sax. a little peece of ground in arable land which by mischance the Plough slips over and leaves unplowed a ridge between two furrows Ballista Lat. an ancient warlike Engin to cast or shoot darts or stones to batter and shake City walls made with ropes of sinews and womens hair twined together As appears by Venus Calva at Rome to whom by reason the women of the City parted with their hair for that purpose a Temple was dedicated The form of this Engin you may read in Godwin's Anthology lib. 4. cap. 3. Ballon Fr. a great Ball which they use at a sport so called in Italy also the round Globe or top of a Pillar Ballotation a kinde of casting lots or a making election by Balls as in Venice at the choice of their Grand Duke Balme a precious juyce or liquor otherwise called Balsamum or Opobalsamum from the Hebr. Bagnal Shemen It drops by cutting out of a little low plant about a yard high having leaves like Rue but whiter which grows in Egypt and some places of the Holy Land This juyce is somewhat like oyl but more clammy and inclining to a certain redness It has a strong smell and is not pleasant in taste Being put in a vessel of water it will sink down to the bottom like a round pearl without breaking and may be taken up again with the point of a knife It is an excellent Medicine to take any scar out of the body and for divers other purposes but very costly and rarely gotten Saladinus writes that there was but one Vineyard of these in the whole world and that belonged to the Great Turk Bull. Balneary balnearium a bathing place Balnearion balneatio a bathing Balneator Lat. a Master or Keeper of a Bath or Stew. Balthasar Hebr signifies Scarcher of treasure or without treasure This was the name of one of the Magi or wise-men vulgarly called the three Kings of Collein who came out of the East to worship our Saviour The first of them called Melchior an old man with a long beard offered gold as to a King The second called Jasper a beardless young man offered Frankincense as unto God The third called Balthasar a Blackmore with a spreading beard offered Myrrhe as to a man ready for his Sepulchre Tres Reges Regi regum tria dona ferebant Myrrham homini uncto aurum thura dedere Deo Tu tria fac itidem dones pia munera Christo Muneribus gratus si cupis esse tuis Pro myrrha lacrymas auro cor porrige purum Pro thure ac humili pectore funde preces Thus in English Three Kings the King of Kings three gifts did bring Myrrh Incense Gold as to God Man and King Let three pure gifts be likewise giv'n by thee To Christ even such as acceptable be For Myrrh tears for Frankinsence impart Submissive prayers for pure Gold a pure heart See Vul. Errors fol. 353. and Sands Travels 181. Baltick-Sea so called from a great Peninsula formerly called Baltia now Scandia is that which begins at the narrow passage called the Sound interlaceth Denmark Swedland Germany and Poland and extends even to Livonia and Lituania The reasons why this Sea being so large does not ebb and flow are first The narrowness of the Streight by which the Ocean is let into it And secondly The Northern situation of it whereby the celestial influences produce therein the lesser operation Heyl. Banâ—iti Ital. Out-laws Rebels Fugitives condemned by Proclamation Bando in Ital. signifying a Proclamation These in the Low-Countries are called Freebooters in Germany Nightingales in the North of England Moss-Troopers in Ireland Tories Banderol or Bannerolle Fr. Banderolle a little flag or streamer or a Pennon worn on the top of a Horsemans Launce A Cornet-Devise Bandle an Irish measure of two foot in length Banes or Bans from the Fr. Ban signifies a Proclaming or publick notice of any thing The word is ordinary among the Feudists and grown from them to other uses as to that which we here in England call a Proclamation whereby any thing is publickly commanded or forbidden But it is used more especially in publishing matrimonial contracts in the Church before marriage to the end if any man can say any thing against the intention of the parties either in respect of kindred or otherwise they may take their exception in time Cow But Mr. Sumner derives it from the Saxon Abannon i. to publish See his Sax. Dict. verbo Abannon Bangue A kind of drink in the Oriential Countries as Cambaia Calicut Marsingha which is rare and precious it is said like the poets Nepenthe to provoke pleasing dreams How Bank Sax. Banc a bank or hillock also a Bench high seat or Tribunal and is properly applied to the Court of Common-Pleas because the Justices of that Court in legal Records are termed Iusticiarii de Banco Coke on Lit. l. 2. c. 3. sect 96. And the Proceedings of that Court are said to be in Communi Banco There is another Court formerly called the Kings-Bench now the Vpper-Bench because the Records of that Court are stiled Coram Rege and because Kings in former time did often sit there in person Banner Hebr. an Ensign or standard for war some derive it from the Brit. Ban which signifies a high place because Banners are wont to be set on a high place or carried on high Baptism from the Gr. B 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. a washing with water or diving over the head is one of the Sacraments instituted by our Saviour Christ in remedy against Original sin in the Law of Grace as Circumcision was the remedy against that sin in the Law of Moses Before Christs institution of this Sacrament John Baptist did baptize unto penance but his Baptism was not a Sacrament In Authors you may read of three sorts of Baptism which Divines call Baptismus fluminis of water which is the already mentioned Baptismus flaminis of the Spirit which is contrition of heart with desire of the Sacrament of Baptism And Baptismus sanguinis of blood which is martyrdom The custom of the Primitive Church was to have God-Fathers and God-Mothers in the administration of the Sacrament of Baptism their Office was not onely to be Witnesses of the Baptism or to speak or answer for the baptized but also
Oviedo had this Title for his sanctity with him it dyed and was revived in Alphonso the great the Twelfth of Leon and Oviedo by the Grant of Pope John the Eighth after it lay dead till the days of Ferdinand the great who re-obtained this Title from Pope Alexander the Sixth because he procured the Moors to be baptized banished the Jews and in part converted the Americans to Christianity Hist of Spain Catholisation The being or becoming a Catholick Catopticks professors of the Opticks or art speculative Catoptromantie catoptromantia divination by vision in a glass Cavalier Fr. Cavalâ—ro Sp. a Knight or Gentleman serving on horse-back a man of Arms. Cavalry Spa. cavaleria Fr. cavallerie Horse-men in an Army Knighthood Horsemanship Caveary or â—ckary a strange meat like black Soap made upon the River Volgba in Russia out of a fish called Bellongina the Sturgeon the Severiga and the Sterledy and thence transported to England and other Countries 2. part of Treas c. Caveat from caveo let let him take heed but it is commonly used as a substantive for a warning or admonition And so among the Proctors when a person is dead and a competition ariseth for the Executorship or Administratorship the party concerned enters a Caveat to prevent or admonish others from intermedling Caverne caverna a cave den or hollow place Cavesan or Cavechin Fr. Cavesanne a false rein or head-strain commonly of silk to lead or hold a horse by Cavillation cavillatio a mock or jest a subtil allegation a forged cavil a wranggling Cavity cavitas hollowness emptiness Caulking a Ship is the driving of Ockham spun hair the like into all the Seams rends and treenels of the Ship without which 't is impossible for her to swim and keep out water Cauphe See Coffa Cauphe-house a Tavern or Inn where they sell Cauphe or Coffa To Cauponaâ— cauponor to sell wine or other victuals to sell for money or gain to cauponate a war is to make war for money 4. Ages Poem Caursines otherwise called Lumbards were Italians by birth and came into England in the year 1235. terming themselves the Popes Merchants driving no other trade then letting out money great banks whereof they brought over into England differing little from Jews save that they were more merciless to their debtors Some will have them called Caursines quasi causa ursini so bearish and cruel in their causes others Caursini quasi Corrasini from scraping all together Fuller lib. 3. pag. 59 61. Caus-way is well known to be a way paved with flint or stone from the Fr. Cailloéux i. flinty and I have been informed that Caux in old French signified a flint now Caillon Causality Causation causatio an excuse essoyning or pretence A Causal that contains or expresses the cause of a thing In Grammer these are conjunctions causal nam quia c. Causidick causidicus a Lawyer a Pleader an Advocate or Counsellor which may also be taken adjectively Caustick Causticus apt to burn or scald also a medicine that burneth and is used when a disease cannot otherwise be mastered Bull. Cautele cautela a provision or taking heed an assurance Cautelous from cautela circumspect wary advised Cauterie cauterium a hot iron or searing iron which is by Physitians called an actual Cauterie and a potential Cauterie is that which is without fire and iron but hath partly like strength as Vnguentum Aegyptiacum c. Cauterism cauterismus a cutting burning or searing the body for an inflammation or swelling Cauterize cauterizo to burn stop up or sear with hot irons ointments or medicines Cautional Cautionary cautionalis pertaining to caution pledge or wariness Cautionary or pledge Towns are such as are pawned or given in assurance for mony or fulfilling of Covenants or Articles agreed on Cauter Lat. he that foreseeth or bewareth Cayer Fr. a quire of written paper a piece of a written book divided into equal parts Lustr Ludov. Cecity caecitas blindness Ceculients from caecutio a waxing blind dimness of sight purblindness half blindness Br. Cedent cedens giving place departing yeilding Celature caelatura the art of engraving Celebrity celebritas a solemn Assembly of great personages famousness greatness in the world renown Celibate See Caelibate Celebrate celebro to frequent to solemnize with an Assembly of men to make famous also to keep a festival day or other time with great solemnity Celeripedean from celeripes swift-footed nimble-heel'd Celerity celeritas quickness speed haste Celestify from caelestis to make celestial heavenly or excellent Vul. Er. Celestines An Order of Fryers instituted by one Peter a Samnite born in the year 1215. He alwayes wore a chain of Iron next his flesh and over that a shirt of hair Pope Gregory the eleventh confirmed this Rule they follow St. Bennet and took name from the said Peter who for his Sanctity was chosen Pope and called Celestine the fifth Heyl. Celsity Celsitude celsitudo loftiness excellency haughtiness nobleness highness Celostomy coelostomia when one speaks hollow in the mouth Celt Celta one born in Gaul a part of France Celtique celticus pertaining to the people of Gaul Cement or Ciment caementum a strong and cleaving Morter made for the most part of Tiles Potsheards Glass Flint dross of Iron c. beaten all to dust and incorporated with Lyme Oyl Grease Rozen and Water Min. Hence Cemented made or wrought with such Morter souldred or pieced together Cemetery Lat. Coemeterium Fr. Cimitiere a Church-yard Cenatical Cenatory caenaticus pertaining to a supper Cenotaph cenotaphium is an empty funeral monument or tomb erected for the honor of the dead wherein neither the corps nor reliques of the defunct are deposited in imitation of which Herses are set up in Churches commonly on the Anniversary day Weaver fol. 32. Cene coena a Supper or Feast Cressy Cenosity caenositas foulness or filthiness Cense census a cessing mustering or valuing the people When the Roman Commonwealth flourished the City of Rome contained 463000 men able to bear Arms free Denizons and such as were inrolled into Cense besides Servants Women and Children Heyl. Cension censio a punishment or censure of condemnation done by the censor an advice or opinion Censer thuribulum a vessel belonging to the Sanctum Sanctorum wherein the Priest did burn incense before our Lord in the old Law Rev. 8.3 which vessel and the use of it in some sort is still continued by the Roman Catholicks in their Churches upon festival days c. A persuming-pan Censor Lat. a Master of Discipline a judge or reformer of manners one that values musters or taxeth The Office of the Censors among the ancient Romans was chiefly to value mens estates that accordingly every man might be taxed for the wars to censure ill manners punish misdemeanors depose Senators and put men from a more honorable Tribe to a lower Also to Demise unto certain Farmers called Publicans the publick profits of the City for a Rent and to put forth the City-works to them to be undertaken
of our Saviour Jesus Christ As the Romans made their computation from the building the City of Rome and the Grecians numbered their years by the Olympiads or Games called Olympick So Christians in remembrance of the happy Incarnation and blessed birth of our Saviour reckon the time from his Nativity See Epoch Dominical dominicus pertaining to the Lord and Master The Dominical Letter in Calenders is so called from a kinde of preheminence it hath above the rest of the letters in token whereof it is of red colour representing the purple which is a robe of dignity or rather because it shews the Dominical or Lords day thoughout the year Min. Dominicaâ—s otherwise called Preaching or Black Friers a religious Order instituted by St. Dominick a Spaniard about the year 1206. he sent his Associates to preach the Gospel even to the furthest parts of the world then known which they did with great success as their Successors since have done and do still even in India and America This Order was confirmed by Pope Honorius the Third about the year 1216. Domino a kind of hood or habit for the head worn by Canons and hence also a fashion of vail used by some women that mourn Dominicide dominicida he that kills his Master Domition Domiture domitura a taming or breaking Donary donarium a gift or present properly to a holy use Donatists a Sect of Hereticks so called from Donatus Bishop of Carthage the first broacher of the Heresie who lived about the year 358 in the time of Pope Liberius and the Emperor Constantine Their prime tenet was that the true Church was onely in Africk and that out of Africk there was no true Baptism they held also that the Son in the mystery of the Blessed Trinity was less then the Father and the Holy Ghost less then the Son with other damnable points c. See Circumcellians Donative donativum a Princes benevolence or gift A Donative Benefice is that which is meerly given and collated by the Patron to a man without either presentation to or institution by the Ordinary or Induction by his commandment Fitzh nat br fo 35. E. See the Statute A. 8. R. 2. ca. 4. Donative donativus adjectively that is able or apt to give Doniferous donifer that carries a gift Donor in our Common Law signifies the giver and Donee he or she to whom a gift is given Dooms-day-book so called because upon any difference the parties received their doom from it Others less probably say t is called Dooms-day-book Quasi domus Dei Book But to confirm the former Etymology it is called in Latin Liber Judiciarius See Antient Demeasn Dorado Span. a thing guilded or guilt It is used in Religio Medici fo 135. for a man that hath a fair out-side but no qualities or good parts within Dorick Dialect dilaectus Dorica one of the five Dialects of the Greek tongue Vide Dialect Dorick-work is a term in Architecture and signifies one of the five orders of Pillars mentioned by Vitruvius See Tuscan Dorick or Dorian Musick Dorica musica a kind of grave and solemn Musick and therefore assigned to great Personages and so called because the Dorians first devised it Dormant Fr. a term in Heraldry as a Lion dormant i. a Lyon sleeping or lying in a sleeping posture Dormitive from dormio that causeth sleep Dorp Belg. a Village or Country Town See Thorp A Dorter Dortoire or Dormitory dormitorium a place where many sleep together so was the place antiently and still is called where religious persons are wont to take their nights rest in their Covents many in the same room Dose from Dosis i. a giving the quantity of Potion or Medicine which a Physitian appoints his Patient to take at once Dotkiy A thing of small value a kind of coyn Stanf. pl. cor fo 37. it seems to come of the Dutch word Duytkeâ— that is the eighth part of a Styfer or French Shilling of which Styfers ten in the Low Countries or ten Sols in France are of the same value with an English shilling viz. twelve pence Min. Dovetaild is a term among Joyners and signifies that particular sort of joyning boards together so called when one peece of the one goes into or mingles with the other and is much better and more costly then a common plain joyning boards together Doublet Fr. a counterfeit Jewel or stone of two peeces joyned or glewed together Dotal dotalis belonging to a Dowry or Joynture Dovane Fr. Douane the name of the Custom-house of Lyons hence also any Custom or Impost Dowager dótata a Widow indowed or that hath a Jointure a title applied to the Widows of Princes and great Personages onely Downes With us hath two significations the one certain hilly Plains in the West Country so called and this Down comes from the old Saxon Dune i. a hill commonly that stretcheth it self out in length The other a certain part of the Sea lying near the Sands upon the coast of Kent where commonly our English Navy rides and this we borrow from the Hollanders who call the Sand-banks which lye on the Sea-side the Dunes And the Town of Dunkirk rightly in English Dun-Church took denomination from its being scituate in the Dunes or Sand-banks of the Sea Verst Dower Dowry dos signifies in our Common Law two things First That which the Wife brings to her Husband in marriage otherwise called Maritagium Mariage good Next and more commonly That which she hath of her Husband after the Marriage determined if she out-live him Glanvile l. 7. ca. 2. Bracton l. 2. ca. 38. See more in Cowel And you may see the form of a Dowry Bill among the Jews in Moses and Aaron p. 235. Dowsets The stones of a Stag or Buck so called by Hunts-men Doxology Gr. a song of praise a speaking or giving glory as when we say Glory be to the Father c. that is properly Doxology and is said to be composed by the first Council of Nice and St. Jerome to be the Author of adding the other Versicle As it was in the beginning c. View of Directory fo 32 33. Doxy a she Rogue a woman man Beggar a lowzy Quean Draco's Laws Laws which for being extream severe and cruel are therefore said to be written rather with blood then ink such are those that punish trivial offences with death or some other excessive torment So called from â—raco an antient and severe Law-maker in Athens Dram drachma the eighth part of an ounce it contains three Scruples every scruple being of the weight of twenty wheat corns So that a Dram is the just weight of Sixty corns of wheat Also a peece of money among the Grecians the most usual whereof valued of ours â— d. ob Dramatick dramaticum a kind of Poetry when the persons are every one adorned and brought upon the Theater to speak and act their own parts Hobbi See Poesie Drap-de berry a thick kind of cloth so called for that it was
or compassing about A man is said to be obsest when an evil spirit hants him troubling him often and seeking opportunity to enter into him Obsibilate obsibilo to make a whistling noise as Trees stirred with winds Obsidian stone obsidianus a precious stone mentioned in Pliny Gondibert Obsidional obsidionalis of or pertaining to a siege The Obsidional Crown Corona obsidionalis was given onely to him that relieved a City or Town besieged This Crown was made of green Leaves or of the Grass and Herbs of the same Field where the enemy had been over-thrown or forced to flight The great Quintus Fabius received this Crown for defending and delivering Rome from the siege of Hannibal Obsolete obsoletus decayed old grown out of use worn as a Garment when it is thredbare Obstetricate obstetrico to do the office of a Midwife Obstâ—triciâ—us from obstetricium pertaining to the Ministery of Midwives or their Feat Ostipate obstipo to stop chinks Obstreperous obstreperus that makes a noise roars or crys out against Obstrigillation obstrigillatio a reprehension a resisting or repugning Obstruction obstructio a shutting or stopping up a â—amming up Obstupifie obstupefacio to make abashed or astonied Obtenebrate obtenebro to make cloudy or dark Obâ—est obtestor humbly to beseech to desire for Gods sake Obtestation obtestatio an humble desiring a taking God to witness for a thing a hearty beseeching Obticence obticentia silence holding ones peace Obtorted obtortus wreathed wrested or wrenched Obtrectation obtrectatio detraction depravation back-biting slandering Obtrite obtritus worn bruised trod under foot Obturation obturatio a stopping or shutting up Obtuse obtusus dull dim blunt without spirit Obvention obventio a meeting with a coming against hapning or chancing unto Also revenue or rents Obvert obverto to turn against back or about Obviate obvio to meet with one also to resist or withstand Obvious obvius that which meets with one meeting in the way gentle and easie Obumbrate obumbro to shadow over and over also to make dark obscure or dim Obuncous obuncus very crooked Obundation obundatio a flowing against Obvolate obvolo to flie against Occident occidens the going down of the Sun the West part of the world And adjectively declining decaying falling going down Occidental occidentalis pertaining to the West western westernly Occiduous occiduus that goes down that will decay Occipital from occiput belonging to the Noddle or hinder part of the head Occision occisio a slaughter or death of men or Cattel a killing or slaying Occlusion occlusio a shutting up fast a stopping Occular See Ocular Occulcation occulcatio a treading on or spurning Occult occultus hid privy not known very secret Occultation occultatio a hiding or keeping close a concealing Occupative occupativus that is busied employed or Possessed of or that busieth An Occupative Field is that which being deserted by its proper owner or tiller is possessed by another Occurre occurro to meet with come in place be in the way or offer it self Oceanick Oceanine oceaninus belonging to the Ocean or main Sea encompassing the world Ochlocracy Gr. a kinde of Government wherein the multitude or common rout bear rule Ocious ociosus idle careless restful at ease that hath little to do unemployed Octangular octangulus that hath eight corners eight-cornered Octave octavus an eighth in Musick a proportion or the number of eight Octaves octavae an usual term in Courts of Justice and in the Roman Calender and signifies the eighth day next after some principal Feasts of the year called also the Vtas D. Aug. Epist 118. See Vtas Octennial octennalis that is done every eighth years Octonary octonarius the same with Octave Octogon Gr. a figure consisting of eight Angles Octostic See Ogdastic Ocular ocularius pertaining to the eyes or sight Oculate oculatus full of eyes or holes quick of sight circumspect as Oculate Faith that is confirmed by the eye-sight or such a Faith as represents the thing believed as it were to the eye a seeing Faith Oculist one skilled in curing the diseases of the eyes or in preserving the eye-sight Oculus Christâ— so called because it conduces much to the cure of the infirmities of the eyes an Herb called Wilde Clary Gerard. Ode oda a Song or Poem pronounced with singing Odelet Dimin of Ode a small or short Ode Odible odibilis odious worthy to be hated Odor Lat. savor sent smell Odoramincuâ— from Odoramen inis smelling sweet fragrant odoriferous pertaining to odor Odoriferous odorifer sweet in savor bringing spices and sweet smelling things Oeconomie oeconomia the guiding and ordering of things pertaining to houshold also an order in doing a thing Oeconomical oeconomicus pertaining to the order or government of an house or family Oeconomist one that orders or rules a family Oecumenical oecumenicus universal general pertaining to the whole world Oedâ—stine oedastinus that is cunning in the knowledge of weights and measures Oedematous from Oedema full of or subject to a slegmatick and painless sweling which being pressed down with the finger retains the impression thereof and is called an Oedeme Br. Oenopolist oenopola a Vintner or seller of Wine Offertory offertorium an offering or place where offerings are offered or kept also a part of the Mass so called Official officialis of or belonging to offices or duties It is a word diversly used some apply it to such as have the sway of temporal Justice others to the Minister or Apparitor of a Magistrate or Judge In the Cannon Law iâ— is especally taken for him to whom any Bishop generally commits the charge of his Spiritual Jurisdiction and in this sence one in every Diocess is Officialis Pricipalis whom the old Statutes and Laws of this Nation call Chancelors An. 32. Hen. 8. cap. 15. And are sometimes termed Commissaries the difference of the two powers you may read in Lindwoâ—od tit De sequest posses cap. 1. Verbo Officialis But this word Official in our Statutes and Common Law signifies him whom the Archdeacon substitutes for executing his Jurisdiction Officinator Lat. an Artificer or Crastsman Vitruvius lib. 6. cap. 11. distinguishes the Officinator from the Architect this designs the Idea of the whole work that is but a second superintendent over all the under-Art sins Officine officina a Shop or Work-house Offuscate offusco to make black or dark to shadow or make dim or duskish Ogdastick ogdastichon a Sentence or Epigram comprized in eight verses or a Stanza of eight verses Ogive or Ogee Fr. Augive or Ogive a wreath circlet or round band in Architecture Oisteriot a weed so called as it were laid among Oisters Min. Oke a measure among the Turks near the bigness of our quart How Oleaginous oleaginus of an Olive-tree or of the colour of an Olive-tree Oleity oleitas the time of gathering Olives or the Olives when they are gathered to make oyl of also oyliness Olfactory olfactorium a Posie or Nose gay any thing to smell to Oleron Laws or Laws of Oleron so called for that
to Archbishops and Metropolitans and they at the Altar wear it about their necks above their other Ornaments The Pall was first given to the Bishop of Ostia by P. Marcus the second An. 336. Also the velvet laid over a dead body is called the Pall. Palladion Spa. Lat. Palladium an Image of Pallas which the Trojans fondly believed was sent to preserve their City and Estate c. which sottish belief St. Augustine lib. 9. de Civ Dei very well reproved when he said The Trojans were keepers of the Palladion but not the Palladion of the Trojans However this word is still used for a preservation or sure defence Pallas the Goddess of Wisdom otherwise called Minerva c. In the Poetical story of Perseus staying Medusa Pallas furnished him with a shield for that purpose and with a Looking-glass Mercury with wings for his feet Pluto with a Helmet c. see the Fable at large in L. Bacons Advancem of Learning fol. 120. Hence 't is we use Pallas shield for a shield of Wisdom and Providence For so his Lordship means when he says In Wars the Shield of Pallas prevails more then the sword of Mars that is wisdom and stratagems prevail more then down right blows Palled Fr. palle pale also dead without spirit Bac. Palliardize See Pailliardize Palliate pallio to hide or cover to conceal or cloak Palliation palliatio a cloaking covering or hiding Palliative that cloaketh covereth or concealeth as Chyrurgeons call that a Palliative cure when a wound is healed outwardly and festers underneath or where a shew onely is made of a perfect cure without searching to the root or cause of the disease Pallid pallidus pale bleak sometimes yellowish fearful whitish Pullification a term in Architecture piling of the ground plot Sir H.W. Pallor Lat. a pale colour paleness wanness Pallizado See Palizado Palmar palmaris pertaining to victory or to a hand breadth or to the palm of the hand a Palm in measure palmus the breadth of a hand or four fingers and this is called the minor Palm the Palm major is a span or according to some a shaftment Palm Sunday Dominica Palmarum the sixth Sunday in Lent and the next before Easter so called because on that day the people went to meet our Saviour with boughs of Palm and Olive branches in their hands when he entred solemnly into Jerusalem riding on an Ass Palm Tree Palma is that which bears Dates growing plentifully in the Holy Land Its branches were wont to be carried as a token of victory Palmaque nobilis TerraruÌ„ Dominos evehit ad Deos Hor. Od. 1. Because it naturally shoots upward though oppressed with never so great weight and its leaves never fall of this Tree there is male and female the male bears onely blossoms and no fruit the female bears both but not unless the male grow by it Palmer ferula a Feruler so called because in Schools the palms of Boyes hands are struck therewith It is also called a Palmatory from the Span. Palmatoria which hath the same signification Min. Palmer from the Span. Palméro a poor Pilgrim that visits all holy places so called from a staff or boughes of Palm which they were wont to carry with them See Pilgrim Palmer eruca a worm with many feet so called from the Palm tree which it gnaws and eats a Caterpillar Palmiferous palmifer bearing or yeelding Palm or Date Trees also victorious Palmipedous palmipes edis that hath a plain and flat foot Palmipedous birds i.e. whole-footed such are most water-sowl Br. Paltoâ—ster chiromantes a Diviner by the palm of the hand one that tells the fortune of others by looking in their hands Palmestry See Chironantie Palmeto Wine is a sweet and pleasant juyce like Muscadine or Alicant coming from the Palmeto Tree in the Isle Mauritius Herb. Tr. Palpation palpatio flattery cogging fair speaking soothing Palpitation palpitatio panting beating often quick moving up and down as the heart when it throbs Palâ—sgrave Belg. and Pfalizgraff Teut. from Palis or pfaliz i. Palatium and Grave or Graff i. comes Lat. Comes Palatinus the title of the Prince Elector Palatine of the Rheine See Falatine and Archdapifer Paludament paludamentum a Coat-armor or Horsemans coat a Soldiers garment an Heralds Coat of Arms. Among the antient Romans it was a Military garment worn by none but the Lord General or Chief Captains Alex. Gen. Dier lib. 5. cap. 18. Paludiferous paludifer that causeth a Fen or Marsh Palumbine alumbinus of or belonging to a Wood-culver or Ring-dove Pamphilâ— a kind of great Boats in Italy having 140 or 160 Oars of a side Pampination pampinatio a cutting or pulling off superfluous leaves and branches from Vines Pampinean pampineus of or belonging to a young Vine Branch or Leaf full of Vine-Branches Pan the god of Shepherds in Greek it signifies All. Panade Span. Panada or Empanada Fr. Panade a kind of meat made of crums of bread and Currants boyled in water or as some will have it of grated Bread Milk Sugar and grated Cheese Panage See Paunage Panatetus Gr. that contains all vertues Silvester makes it the title of one of his Books wherein he bewails the loss of Prince Henry Panathenate belonging to the Solemnity called Panathenaea held at Athens once every year which was the less and once every fifth year which was the greater Pancatâ— Fr. a paper containing all the particular rates of Tolls or Customs due to the French King Thus termed because commonly hung up in some publick place either single or with a frame Cotg. Panchaia a sandy Country of Arabia where is store of Frankincense Hence Dubartas and others use Panchaian Fumes for incense or sweet perfumes So also Odor Panchaique for the smell of Arabian Frankincense Pancratiast Gr. one that is skilful in wrestling and other feats of activity Pancratical pancraticus expert at all feats of activity cunning at all kind of Games and Exercises stout like a wrestler Br. Pandarism the function or employment of a Pandar which is to make or set lecherous matches Ruffianism Baudery Pandects pandectae à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. omne 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 haleâ— Books which contain all matters or comprehend all parts of the subject whereof they intreat or Books of divers Arguments The Volume of the Civil Law called Digestes is also called the Pandect Pandiculation pandiculatio a gaping or stretching ones self with all his body as they do that gape for or come from sleep or at the approach of an Ague Pandor from the Belg. Pander that is he that takes a pawn or pledge for the souls of such as make use of him are pawned into his hands as to Asmodeus his Chamberlain a He-Baud Pandora fained by Hesiedus to be the first woman and made by Vulcan indued by all the gods with several excellent gifts but afterwards by Jupiter in displeasure sent to her Spouse Epimetheus with a box full of all manner of miseries Hence Pandora's Box is taken
as you may read in Sir Tho. Smith de Republ. Angl. l. 2. c. 1 2. In France those high Courts of Justice where mens causes and differences are publickly determined without further Appeal whereof there be eight in eight capital Cities viz. Paris Grenoble Tholose Dyon Roven Aix Rhemes and Bourdeaux are called Sedentary Parliaments and their Assembly of States General is onely equivalent to our Parliament Parmaceti an excellent ointment so called either from Parma a City of Italy or from Sperma ceti the seed of the Whale a principal ingredient Parmesan a kind of excellent Cheese made at or near Parma in Italy and therefore so called It is also sometime taken for an inhabitant of that Country Parnassian of or belonging to Parnassus a Mountain in Greece sacred to Apollo and the Muses Parochial parochialis of or pertaining to a Parish Parole Fr. a word a term also a speech or saying Lease Parol that is Lease per Parol a Lease by word of mouth not written It is also a term of War when a prisoner is permitted to go at liberty for procuring another Soldier prisoner with the enemy to be exchanged for him or for raising such a ransom by a day agreed on or upon any other occasion or agreement and in default the prisoner gives his Parole i. his word to return during which time we say the prisoner is upon his Parole Paronymous Gr. pertaining to words or terms that have denomination from the same thing but differ in case or termination Paroxysm paroxysmus the first coming or the coming again of an ague the fit or sharp assault of it Parricide see Paricide Parsimony parsimonia thriftiness good-husbandry brevity or sparingness in the use of words Parsimonious sparing frugal thrifty Partage Fr. Partition or parting a sharing or dividing Parthenian parthenius belonging to virginity or to a Maid Parthian belonging to Parthia a Country in Assyria Partiary partiarius a partaker a follower a copartner It may also be used adjectively for partial or that hath respect to persons Hence To Partialize to side bandy be partial or factious to take parts Participate participo to give or take part to be partaker or of counsel Particle particula a small part a parcel a portion a member Participle participium a part of speech among Grammarians so called because it participates both of the Noun and Verb any thing that partakes of another Partion partio à pario a birth a breeding a lying in a laying of Eggs a sitting on brood Partitor Lat. a divider a parter a sharer out a distributer Partisan Fr. a partner partaker accessory confederate or adherent Also Partisan from the Germ. Parthisan or Fr. Pertuisáne a Leading staff a weapon like an Halberd a Javelin Parturient parturiens the travelling or being in labor with childe or young Parvity parvitas smalness littleness slenderness under-age non-age Pas a pas Fr. by little and little by line and leasure by degrees Poco à Poco as the Spaniard says or Pian piano as the Italian Pascage Fr. grazing feeding or pasturing of Cattle Pascal pascalis feeding here and there abroad belonging to pasture Pasche pascha a Passover the Feast of Easter so named of â—oster a Goddess of the old Saxons whose Feast they kept in April Cam. To find out Easter Post Martis nonas ubi sit nova Luna requiras Et cum transierit bis septima Pascha patebit Or thus Inde dies Solis tertia Pascha venit The Jewish Passover was a holy action ordained of God in the killing and eating a Lamb partly to the end the Jewish Church might keep in memory the benefit which God did for them in passing over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt and smiting them not Exod. 12.11 Also to be a Type of Christ the true Paschal Lamb. See Moses and Aaron p. 103. Verstegan says Easter was by the old Saxons called Oster and at this present in Saxony Ostern which comes from Oster-monat their and our old name of April Paschal paschalis of or belonging to the Passover or Easter Pascuous pascuus serving for pasture or for feeding or grazing of Beasts Pasquil or Pasquin from the Italian Pasquino a Libel clapt on a Post or Image so called from Pasquil or Pasquin an old Statue or Image in Rome whereon Libels Detractions and Satyrical Invectives are fixed and on him fathered as their Author There is also in Rome another old Statue called Morforeo whereon they affix answers to those Pasquils Passade Fr. an alms benevolence or entertainment given by or to a Passenger The manage of a Horse backward and forward Passant Fr. passing going it is a term in Heraldry as when we say a Lyon passant that is a Lyon drawn as if he were going or passing along Pase-port Fr. q. passe par tout a Pass or safe-conduct See Safe-conduct Passibility passibilitas suffering or ableness to suffer Passâ—e passus à patior which hath suffered endured sustained Passover See Pasche Pastern talus the ankle or huckle-bone of a Beasts foot Pastilicate pastilico to make in form of little round Balls to minister Pills Pastinate pastino to delve or dig in a garden Pastoral Pastoritions pastoralis belonging to a Shepherd or Pastor Shepherdly Rural A Pastoral pastorale carmen a song of Herdsmen or Shepherds Pasturable which may be turned into or put unto pasture which may be fed on Pasvolant Fr. Passe volant the Artillery called a Base but most commonly a hireling whom a Captain on muster-days foisteth into his company and generally any such Skipjack or base-fellow Patart a Low Country coyn worth a Sol tournois or the Stiver five wherof amount to six pence sterling Patavinity patavinitas the property of or relation to the City Padua Livy was censured by Asinius for Patavinity in his writings by which was meant that he had too much used the phrases or affectations of Padua and neglected those of Rome or as others will have it that the flourishing verdure or overflowing of his stile was in some sort agreeable to the fertility and redundancy of the soyl of that City and Country Patefaction patefactio a declaring discovering or making manifest an opening a Declaration Patelin Fr. a Cogger Colloquer flatterer soother cousener pratler Paten from the Fr. Patin Br. Pattyr or rather from the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. calco because t is always trod upon a kinde of Wooden-shoo with an iron bottom well known see Patin Patent patens open discovered or uncovered appearing manifest Letters Patents Litterae patentes Writings sealed with the Broad Seal of England whereby a man is authorised to do or enjoy any thing that otherwise of himself he could not Anno 19. Hen. 7. cap. 7. And so termed because they are Patentes viz. open with the Seal hanging ready to be shewed for confirmation of the Authority given by them The Kings Letters Patents are called Letters Patents Royal for difference because common persons may grant Patents or
fire will grow hot no higher then the liqour in them ariseth Dr. Br. Porcine porcina of or belonging to an Hog hoggish Porculation porculatio feeding or fatting of Swine bringing up of Hogs Pores pori small and unsensible holes of the skin whereby the sweat and vapors pass out of the body Porose or Porous porosus full of pores or little holes Bac. Porosity porositas poriness or the being full of pores Porphyry porphyrites a dark red Marble spotted with white Porphyry Chair a Chair of Porphyry Marble in the Cloister of St. John Lateran at Rome called Sedes Stercoraria because when the Pope takes possession of his Episcopal See in that Church at the intoneing the Verse Suscitans de terra inopem de stercore erigens pauperem Psal 113. he was carried from a side Chappel to the high Altar in that Chair to signifie that God had raised him from a low condition to that supreme Dignity The usual tale of this Chair is a meer fiction Porphyretick porphyreticus belonging to red Marble or purple Porrection porrectio a stretching or reaching out Porsyllogism is as it were an Auxiliary Syllogism to prove the main one Portable portabilis that may be born or carried Portate portatus a bearing or bringing Portculits from the Fr. porte and coler i. delabi a faling gate or door to let down to keep enemies from or in a City Portegue Fr. Portugaise a golden chain worth about 4 l. 10 s. sterl Portend portendo to signifie before a thing happens to foretel to betoken Portentifical portentificus which works wonders or whereby strange things are done Portentous portentosus monstrous betokening some mischance or fortune to come Portglaive Fr. a Sword-bearer Portgreve compounded of Port and greve or grave i. perfectus signifies with us the chief Magistrate in certain Port Towns And as Cam. saith in his Britan. p. 325 the chief Magistrate of London was termed by this name instead of whom Richard the first ordained two Bayliffs but presently after King John granted them a Major for their yearly Magistrate Porteguidon Fr. an Ensign-bearer to a troop of men at Arms. Portmanteau Fr. from the Span. Portar to carry and Mantea a Cloakbag or Male. Portmote compounded of Port and the Fr. Mot i. dictio or perdition as some have used it c. Predial or Prediatory praedialis of or belonging to Lands or Mannors Predial Tythes are of those things which arise yearly of the fruit and profit of the earth as of Wood Corn Hay c. See Mr. Shep. Epit. fol. 1004. Predial in French relates properly to a Meadow Prediator Lat. Praediator a Lawyer that is expert in Actions real or cases concerning Lands Predicable praedicabilis that may be told or spoken of abroad In Logick there are five Predicables otherwise called Porphyries five Terms viz. Genus Species Differentia Proprium Accidents and are called Predicables à praedicando because they are Attributes of all things Predicament praedicamentum a term in Logick whereof there are Ten in which every limited and bounded nature is ranked and disposed The first called Substance includes all substances whatsoever as the four Elements and all other creatures The second Quantity contains all quantities as 10 20 a yard a furlong a mile The third called Quality has under it all qualities as Wisdom Art Fortitude Diligence Sloth The fourth named Relation ss properly of such words as depend mutually one upon another as a Husband and Wife a Master and Servant The rest are 5. Action or doing 6. Passion or suffering 7. Where 8. When 9. â—cituation or place 10. The Habit or outward covering of a thing See Peripatetical Institutions Les 3.4 Predicament is sometimes used in ordinary discourse for state condition order or the like Predicate praedico to publish to say or tell openly to noise abroad In Logick it is used substantively and signifies the later part of a Proposition as in saying John is a Schollar the word Schollar is called the Predicate because it is spoken or affirmed of the subject John Prefect praefectus a Ruler Governor or President a Captain a Provost a Lord Mayor In old Rome the Prefect of the City had the hearing of all matters between Master and Servant Buyer and Seller Orphans and their Overseers c. But afterwards he did assume to himself authority to hear all causes whatsoever within a hundred miles of Rome Prefecture praefectura a Captainship a Lieutenantship an Authority or Rule an Office or little Jurisdiction Preference from praefero preferment advancement account before place above others Prefinition a determination before Pregnant praegnans great with child or young full of good sap and juyce pithy ripe lively strong Pregression praegressio a going before an out-going or over-passing a preventing Pregustation praegustatio a tasting or assaying before Preignotary see Protonotary Prejudicate praejudicatus fore-judged determined or condemned before Prelation praelatio a carrying or setting before preferment preference Prelect Either from praelectus read before or from praeelectus one chosen before another Preliminary see Liminary Preludium Lat. praeludium an entrance to a matter a proem In Musick a voluntary before the Song a flourish or preamble and as you would say signs and proffers Prelusion praelusio a playing before a flourish the same with praeludium Premature praematurus ripe before other or ripe before due time and season untimely coming too soon Premeditate praemeditor to muse and think on a thing before hand Premious praemiosus rich in money gifts presents and rewards Premission praemissio a sending before Premium praemium a reward given to him that doth any thing a recompence It is used in Schools for a reward given to that Schollar that says his Lesson or performs his Exercise well And among Merchants it is used for that sum of money as Eight or Ten per Cent. which the Ensured gives the Ensurer for ensuring the safe return of any Ship or Merchandize Premunire more properly Praemonere when any man for an offence committed shall incur a Praemunire it is meant he shall incur the same punishment which is inflicted on those that transgress the Statute made Anno 16. Ric. 2. cap. 5. commonly called the Statute of Praemunire and is to be out of the Kings protection to forfeit Lands and Goods and to be imprisoned c. See more in Fullers Hist p. 148. Premunition praemunitio a fortifying or fencing before-hand Prenotion praenotio a fore-knowing of a thing fore-knowledge Prenuncious praenuncius that first brings tidings that goes afore and tells news that signifies a thing to be at hand Preominate from prae and omen to presage or foretel Dr. Br. Preoccupate preoccupatus prevented over-reached taken aforehand Prepensed from the Fr. pre-pense fore-thought as malice prepensed in our Common Law is malice fore-thought Preponderate praepondero to poise or weigh more to ponder or examine before to be of great price or more worth Preposition praepositio a putting or setting before a part of speech
Angels c. See Epiphan Haeres 9. 14. and Moses and Aaron p. 48. Sambenito Span. or Sanbenito properly santo Benito St Benet but it is usually taken for a coat of course Sackcloth in which Penitents in Spain are reconciled to the Church And in that respect it may be called Sanbenito quasi Saco benedicto a blessed Sackcloth Sambuâ— sambuca an instrument of Musick which we commonly take for a Dulcimer Also an Engin of War set by a rowling Tower which by Ropes and Pullies clapt the Bridge suddenly from the Tower to the besieged walls Samian samius of or pertaining to the Isle Samos or to an earthen pot or a Whetstone because there were good ones in that Isle Samplar a corruption from Examplar a pattern or copy to imitate an extract or draught most used for a pattern of several sorts of needle-work Sampson Heb. there the second time Samuel Hebr. placed of God Sanable sanabilis that may be healed curable Sanative sanativus healing curing Bac. Sance Bell campana sancta the sanctus Bell a little Bell formerly in every Church which was rung when the Priest said Sanctus sanctus sanctus Dominus Deus Sabaoth Sâ—tification sanctificatio a hallowing sanctifying or making holy a separation of things or persons from common or prophane use Sanctiloquent sanctiloquus that speaks holily Sanctimony sanctimonia holiness devoutness religiousness Sanction sanctio a Law a Decree established also a penal Statute Sanctuary sanctuarium a holy or sanctified place as Temple Church or Chappel In the old Law it was the most holy place of the Tabernacle wherein God gave visible tokens of his presence Psal 20.2 And more particularly it is a place priviledged by the Prince for the safe-guard of offenders lives being founded on the Law of Mercy and on the great reverence and devotion which the Prince bears to the place whereunto he grants such a Priviledge Of this you may read Stawnf pl. Cor. lib. 2. ca. 38. This seems to have taken beginning from the Cities of Refuge which Moses appointed them to flie unto for safeguard of their lives that had casually slain a man Exod. 21. In bastardly imitation whereof first the Athenians then Romulus erected such a place of immunity which they and he after them called Asylum The Emperors of Rome made the places of their own Statues or Images and Churches also places of Refuge as appears Cod. l. 1. tit 15. But among all other Nations the antient Kings of England seem to have attributed most to these Sanctuaries permitting them to shelter such as had committed both Felonies and Treasons so that within Forty days they acknowledged their fault and submitted themselves to banishment During which time if any man expelled them if he were Lay he was Excommunicated if a Clerk he was made irregular but after forty days no man might relieve them see Fleta lib. 1 cap. 29. And how by degrees they have been taken away you may read partly in him and partly in several Statutes Sanctum Sanctorum i.e. the Holy of Holys was the holiest place of the Jewes Temple where the Ark was kept and whereinto none entred but the High Priest and he but once a year Sandal Heb. sandal Lat. sandalium a Slipper or Pantofle also a kind of old fashioned shoo open and fastned with Latchets on the Instep such as religious persons wear Also Sandal or Saunders santalum a precious wood brought out of India whereof there are three kinds to wit red yellow and white Saunders They are all of a cooling nature especially the red which is often used in Physick against hot diseases Sandarack sandaracha the best red Arsenick or Orpine a bright Painters red whereof there are two kinds one the right and better found in Mines of Gold and Silver the other made of burned Ceruse Sanglant Fr. bloody bleeding embrued or full of blood Sanglier Fr. a wilde Bore five years old Sanguinary sanguinarius cruel thirsty bloody desirous of or delighted in shedding blood Sanguine Sanguineous sanguineus bloody full of blood cruel red Sanguin colour is a blood red colour or my Ladies Blush Sanguin in Heraldry signifies a murrey colour but is commonly taken for a complexion most inclineable to blood Sanguin flesh caro sanguinea is that which is engendred of blood of which sort is the flesh compounded in the Muscles the Heart and the rest of Sanguin Substance the Anatomists call it the proper flesh and Exanguis the improper Sanguinolent sanguinolentus bloody full of blood merciless Sanhedrim or Sanhedrin Hebr. Synedrion or Synedrium Gr. signifies generally the place where Counsellors meet to consult of and determine matters also the Assembly it self But by an appropriation of the word it is commonly taken for the highest Court of Judicature or supreme Council of the Jews which consisted of the High Priest and seventy Seniors or Elders from which number it was called by them in Hebrew words signifying Domus judicii septuaginta unius i. a Court of seventy and one Judges and it was as it were their Parliament to consult about to judge and decide the greatest matters that could arise in their Ecclesiastical or Civil Common-wealth as to determine the Controversies that might happen concerning their High Priest true and false Prophets differences betwixt Nation and Nation Tribe and Tribe c. This High Court was first by the commandment of God instituted in the Wilderness by Moses whilst under his conduct the children of Israel were on their journey out of Egypt towards the Land of Promise and afterwards it continued still in vigor till our Saviors Passion Besides this great Sanhedrim called Sanhedrim Gedola the Jews had two lesser or inferior to it the one consisting of three Judges to the Examination and Decision of which Court the most petty actions were subject As private Quarrels Thefts and the like this they called by words of their Language signifying Domus judicii trium virum The Court of three Judges The other consisted of twenty and three and so was termed Domus judicii viginti trium to whose Court belonged the Decision of weightier Sutes and capital Causes These Courts were erected in several places according to the exigence and commodity of their Country whereas their other supreme Court after their possession of the Land of Promise and the settlement of their Common-wealth was only held in Jerusalem Jews might appeal from those inferior Courts to this but from this there lay no appeal Four kinds of death were in their power Stoning Burning Sword Strangling and they fasted all that day when they condemned any to death See Moses and Aaron p. 189. The Talmudists use the word Sinhedriin for the aforesaid great Council Synedrians synedri are the Counsellors Judges or Members of that Court. Sanity sanitas health soundness good estate of wit and memory Saniacks or Sansiakes are Governors of Cities among the Turks Sante Santoâ— or Sancton Span. a holy man a great Saint Saphire sapphirus a precious stone
Nulli duo reperiuntur indiscreti says Pliny Vnde nomen unionum scilicet Romanae imposuere deliciae are the best sort of Pearl Vniparous from unus and pario that brings forth but one at a birth Vnison Fr. unisson an one an oneliness or loneliness a single or singleness a term in Musick when two Strings or Notes agree in one tone Vnition unitio a making one a joyning two things together Vnity unitas an uniting or joyning two things or more together also concord agreement Vnity of possession in our Law is a joynt possession of two Rights by several Titles For example I take a Lease of Land from one upon a certain Reut afterwards I buy the Fee simple this is an Vnity of possession whereby the Lease is extinguished by reason I who had before the occupation only for my rent am become Lord of the same and am to pay my rent to none but my self Vniversality universalitas generality the whole State all in general Vnivocal univocus signifying but one thing consisting oâ— one voyce Vnivocalty univocè of the same signification a term in Logick wherein as oft as the same word in the same signification that is meaning the same notion is applied to more t is said to signifie or be spoken univocally Per. Instit Vocabulary vocabularium a Dictionary an Index or Table of words also used adjectively from vocabularis with relation to words Vocal vocalis that hath a voyce loud making a noise belonging to the voyce Vocal Nerves vocales nervi are those noble sinews which have the vertue of forming the speech Vocal Prayer is that which is uttered by words as mental is conceived in the mind and spirit without pronunciation of words Vocality vocalitas a tune or sound of a voyce Vocation vocatio a Caling or course of life Vocative vocativus belonging to Calling Vociferate vocifero to cry out aloud to bray to exclaim Vociferation vociferatio an exclaiming a crying out aloud a braying Voculation voculatio the accent of every word the due moderation and measuring the voyce in pronouncing a word Vogue Fr. swey swinge authority power clear passage as of a Ship in a broad Sea Voiders great broad dishes to carry away the remains from a meat-table also a term in Heraldry Voisinage Fr. neighborhood nighness nearness Dr. Taylor Volant volans flying swiftly passing fast running also a term in Heraldry when a Bird is born flying Volary from volo as a place for birds to flie in Volatical Volatil Volatilous volaticus volatilis that flies or can flie flitting passing swiftly not fixed apt to evaporate Volatility volatilitas swift passage inconstancy unfixedness aptness to evaporate and fly away A term in Chymistry Volgivagant or Vulgivagant volgivagus pertaining to the common people poor base mean incertain inconstant Volitate volito to flie often to run in and out or to and fro often Volition from volo vis a willing or an assenting act of the will The disposition in the Soul upon which Operation follows we call the Will and the first beginning Volition Per. Inst Volocity volocitas a flying or running hastily Volta or Lavolta Ital. a turn a course about a turning round or coming about again also the turn which expert Riders teach their Horses also a turning dance so called Florio Volubility volubilitas the turning of a thing facility to turn round aptness to roll roundness inconstancy mutability Also sound or quick speaking without impediment or staggering the falling or round going of words by measure Tho. Voluble volubilis that is or may be easily tumbled or rolled inconstant always turning having a round pronunciation or good delivery of speech Voluntary voluntarius one that serves or does any thing without pay or compulsion of his own accord or will Voluntative from voluntas atis that proceeds from the Will wilful or full of desire Voluptable voluptabilis which brings pleasure pleasurable that causeth delight Voluptuous voluptuosus wholly devoted to worldly delights unsatiable in sensual pleasure Volutation volutatio a rolling or tumbling a tossing a wallowing a casting or revolving in the mind Volutina a certain Goddess who was said to be the the over-seer of the husks of corn wherein the Grain is enclosed Vomitioâ— vomitio a vomiting casting or parbreaking Vomitory vomitorius that hath the nature or strength to vomit or spew Voracity voracitas gluttony ravening devouring excessive eating Vorage Lat. a Gulf a Whirlpool a Quagmire or marvellous deep place that sucks or swallows up even Rivers and whereout nothing can come Also a gluttinous waste-gut and spend all Voraginous voraginosus full of Gulfs and Whirlpits Voration voratio a devouring or eating up greedily Votary from voto he that makes a vow or binds himself to the performance of a vow a vowed Servant a Devote Votive votivus that is vowed or promised by vow also that is or hath been greatly wished or desired Vouch Fr. Voucher to cite pray in aid or call to aid in a suit It is a word much used in our Common Law Also to avow or affirm boldly to avouch Vowel vocalis a letter which makes a perfect sound of it self of which there are five a e i o u. Vrania one of the Muses to whom the invention of Astrology is attributed called also the heavenly Muse Vrarosâ—py Gr. a speculation or view of the Heavens Vrbane or Vrbanical urbanus urbanicus belonging to a City civil in curtesie gentle in speech and gesture pleasant in behaviour and talk comely seemly Vrbanity urbanitas curtesie civility civil life good manners c. Vrbicarian urbicarius belonging to a City And Suburbicarian under or within the jurisdiction of a City properly and specially attributed by antient Writers to a certain part of Italy near adjacent to Rome but extended by Ruffinus a barbarous Author to all those Countries of which Rome was then the Political Head viz. all the West Vrent urens burning parching Vreter Lat. the Pipe or conduit by which the Urine passeth from the Reins to the Bladder Vrim and Thummim a light of the knowledge of Christ by the Word together with perfection of vertue and holy manners Exod. 28.30 Thou shalt put in the Brest-plate of Judgement the Vrim and Thummim Who made this Vrim and Thummim what it was and of what made is very hard if not impossible to finde out Certainly it was not reckoned among the things wrought by Art but was given to God by Moses alone to put in the holy Pectoral as Levit. 8.8 and written of Christ Colos 2.3 Dan. 8.13 See Sir W. Ral. lib. 2. fol. 395. Vrinary urinarius meatus the Pipe by which the Piâ—s runs from the Bladder Vrinator Lat one that dives or swims under water and fetches up Merchandize from the bottom Vrn urna a measure of liquid things containing of old two Gallons and a Pottle also the general name for a Pitcher or Pot but most commonly taken for a Vessel or Coffin wherein the ashes of the dead were kept for