landed his Army there and obtained the Regal Dominion thereof which being passed over unto him by their Nobles and Commonalty their Charter so signed was transmitted to Rome and was confirmed by a Patent of Pope Hadrian by a Ring delivered unto him in token of his investure and was farther confirmed by the Authority of certain Provincial Synods and ever since that time it hath remained in the possessions of the Kings of England The Temporal Government of Ireland The Temporal Government since the English became Masters thereof hath most commonly been by one Supream Officer sent over by the Kings of England and called Lord Deputy or Lord Lieutenant who for Majesty State and Power is not inferiour to any Vice-Roy in Christendom living in great grandure and having ample and Royal Power and Authority granted unto him and as Assistant unto him in so weighty a concern he hath his Privy Council being a select number of honourable and prudent persons chosen out of the Nobility Clergy and Capital Officers of State for their Degrees of Honour and Offices of State they are the same with those of England already treated of The present Lord Lieutenant is the Right Noble his Excellency Arthur Capell Earl of Essex Viscount Maldon Baron Capell of Hadham c. Its Laws and Courts of Judicature The Laws of this Kingdom have correspondency with those of England and have likewise there several Courts of Judicature as the Chancery Common-Pleas Kings-Bench Exchequer c. but above all the High Court of Parliament There are likewise in each County Justices of the Peace for the quiet governing and well ordering the Inhabitants as in England The Archbishops and Bishops As to the Ecclesiastical Government of this Kingdom it is committed to the care of four Archbishops under whom are divers Suffragan Bishops whose names are as followeth Under the Archbishop of Armagh who is Primate of Ireland are the Bishops of Meath or Elnamirand Conuer Rathluc Dune or Dundalethglas Ardachad Derry Dal-Liquir Chlocor or Lugundum and Rathbot Under the Archbishop of Dublin those of Ferne Lechlin Glendalach Ossery and Kildare Under the Archbishop of Cassile those of Limrick Waterford Corke Laonie or Kendalnan Gellumabrath Lismore Ardefret the Isle of Gathay Clon De Rosalither Melite or Emilech and Ross or Roscree And under the Archbishop of Tuam those of Elphin Gonany Clonfred Enachdun Achad Duac or Killmacduoc Mage Killmundâ—ach Cellaiar Roscomon and Lade or Killaleth According to the Temporal Government of this Kingdom it is severed into four Provinces to wit Leimster Vlster Connaugh and Mounster which are again subdivided into several Counties which comprehend several Baronies in which are seated several Towns And of these Provinces in order LEIMSTER It s fertility THis Part of Ireland for the generality is of a fertil Soil affording great plenty of Corn Cattle Fowl and Fish enjoyeth a wholsom and temperate Air is well watered with Rivers the chief amongst which are the Shour Neor and Barraeo It s Bivers which have their rise out of that great Mountain called by Giraldus Bladinae Montes It is very well inhabited as well by the Gentry as the Commonalty and the rather by reason of Dublin the Metropolitan City of this Kingdom therein seated It s form may be said to be triangular for from South-east to the West-point is above 80 miles from thence to the North-west about 70 and her East-Coast about 18 the circumference making about 270 miles And for its bounds it hath on the West the Province of Connough on the North that of Leimster and on the East and South the Sea which regards England from which that is from Holy-head in the Isle of Anglesey it is distant about 50 miles a Sea very dangerous for Saylers by reason of the Flats and Shallows that lie over against Holy-point which are called the Grounds And as to its division it is severed into ten Counties to wit Dublin East-Meath West-Meath Longford Kildare Kings County Queens County Caterlough Weixford and Kilkenny all which are again subdivided into several Baronies and of these Counties in order County of Dublin described DVBLIN or Divelin a fertil County for Corn and Cattle but ill provided with Wood which defect is supplied by Peat or Turff dug up in the clammy places as also by Sea-Coal brought from England It is severed into seven Baronies viz. New-Castle Vpper-Cross Rath-down Castle-knock Coolock Balrudery and Nether-Cross and by reason of its City Dublin the Metropolis of Ireland is very well furnished with Towns and inhabited by Gentry It s chief places are Dublin Dublin the capital City in the Island by Ptolomy called Eblana by the Latinists Dublinium and Dublinia by the West Britains Dinas Dulin and by the Irish Balacleigh that is the Town upon Hurdles by reason that when it began to be first built the ground being wet and moorish the Foundation of its Houses were laid upon Hurdles It is a City of great Antiquity and said to be built by Harold the first King of Norway who brought most of the Kingdom under his obedience though not without great Spoils and after the Conquest of the English was Peopled by a Colony of Bristol-men It is no less pleasantly than commodiously seated on the River Liffie which after a small course emptieth it self into a capacious Bay of the Sea where it hath a good Haven and a fair prospect and on the South it hath delightful Hills which with the several Parks here adjacent afford great Recreation to the Gentry It is a City dignified and enriched with the residence of the Lord Lieutenant as also with the See of an Archbishop with an Vniversity and the Courts of Judicature by reason of which it is a place of good Traffick being well inhabited and frequented by Nobility and Gentry as also by abundance of wealthy Merchants and Shop-keepers It is beautified with many fair Buildings both publik and private the principal amongst which are the Lord Lieutenants Palace a stately Structure built by order of King Henry the Second in the East-Suburbs then the Cathedral Church dedicated to St. Patrick consisting of a Dean Chanter Chancellor Treasurer two Arch-Deacons and twenty Prebendaries Nigh unto which is the Archbishops Palace both which are without the City in the Suburbs called St. Patricks Then the Collegiate Church consecrated to the Holy Trinity commonly called Christ-Church seated in the midst of the City which Queen Elizabeth dignified with the Priviledges of an Vniversity and not far from this is the Town-Hall called Toles-tale a fair Stone-building of a quadrangular form and here the Lord Major Sheriffs Aldermen and other the Magistrates of the City assemble together for the management and consulting on the publick Concerns of the City as to hear Causes hold Sessions c. Then a beautiful Colledge with several other fair Edifices It is at present a City of a large Extent to what it formerly was and doth daily increase in
toleration of all Religions It is seated on the Tay which like a large but calm Sea floweth on the North-side and the River Amster taking its course from the South through three Lakes entreth the City passeth through it and falleth into the Tay. This City may be said to be the greatest Haven Town in the VVorld where there are commonly to be seen about a 1000 Sail of Ships to ride and by reason of its vast Trade to Foreign parts is found to have great plenty of all known Commodities as being general Traders to most places of Traffick 2. Rotterdam famous for giving Birth to Erasmus 3. Delft inhabited most by Brewers and their Relations 4. Harlem where Printing was first invented and the first Book that ever was Printed was Tully's Offices 5 Leyden dignified with a famous Vniversity the Town consisteth of 41 Islands the passage from one to the other being by Boats and Bridges there being about 40 of Wood and 110 of Stone 6. Dort where in Anno 1618. was held a National Synod against the Arminians 7. Brille 8. Alemar 9. Incluse and 10 the Hague a Village but the largest in the VVorld equalizing many fair Cities numbring about 2000 Houses and is very populous it is adorned with the Palaces of the States General who have here their Assemblies It will not be improper to speak of the power of these States by Sea which is so great than in Holland Zeland and Friezland they are able to put forth to Sea about 2500 Sail of Ships for burthen and war Nor can it be forgot how Margaret A strange Birth of 365 Children Sister to Floris the Fourth Earl of Holland had at one Birth being 42 years of Age 365 Children which were all Christned in two Basons in the Church of Lasdunen by Guido Bishop of Vtrecht who named the Males all Johns and the Females Elizabeths and the Basons are yet to be seen in the said Church The Earldom of ZELAND quasi Sea and Land Zeland consisting of seven Islands the remainder of fifteen which the Seas are said to have swallowed up in which were abundance of good Towns and Villages The seven Isles yet remaing are 1. Walcheren whose principal Towns are Middlebourg once enjoying a good Trade by the residence of the English Merchant-Adventurers and Flushing the first Town that the States took from the Spaniards being now a place of good strength and held to be the Key of the Netherlands The second Isle is South Beverland whose chief Town is Tergowse The third Schoven where are Sirexee and Brevers Haven The fourth Tolen whose principal place is Tertolenâ— the other three Islands are North-Beverland Duveland and Wolferdike This Country is destitute of Fresh-water and Wood but in recompence is very fertil in Grains Earldom of Zutphen The Earldom of ZVTPHEN whose chief places are Zutphen seated on the Yssel a place of great strength Barony of utrecht The Barony of VTRECHT North of Holland hath 70 Villages and 5 walled Towns the chief of which are 1. Vtrecht a City commodiously feated for passage by Boats to divers other Towns which with the benefit of the common Ferries one may go in a day from hence to any of the 59 walled Towns equally distant from it and to Dinner to any of the 26 Towns and return at Night 2. Rhenen 3. Amsford 4. Wicket and 5. Montfort Barony of Overyssel The Barony of OVERYSSEL bounded on the East with Wesphalia its chief places are Deventer and Swoll in the quarter of Saland Oldenzee in the quarter of Tuente and Goevorden in the quarter of Drente Westfriezlands The Barony of WEST-FRIEZLAND is bounded on the VVest and North with the Sea is said to number 340 Villages and 10 Towns the chief of which are 1. Louvarden where there is held the Common Council for the Province 2. Harlingen a Maritim Town 3. Franicker of late made a University and 4. Dockum Groningue The Barony of GRONINGVE is a Town in West-Friezland having under its Jurisdiction 145 Villages of which the chief are Groningue Old Haven and Keykerke Under the name of Germany beyond the Rbine we comprehend Franconia Hessia and Westphalia Province of Franconia The Province of FRANCONIA is divided into three parts viz. into Ecclesiasticks or Bishopricks Laicks and Imperial Cities the Bishopricks are those of Writzberg Bamberg and Mergetheim Cites of good account the Laicks are the Marquisates of Cullembach and Onspach and the Counties of Holas whose chief place is Weickersheim and Wertheim whose chief place bears the same name and the Imperial Cities are 1. Nuremberg seated in a barren Soil yet by reason of the Industry of its Inhabitants is a place of good Riches and well frequented by Merchants for their Wares known by the name of Nuremberg-Wares 2. Francfort seated on the Moene which severeth it into two parts but joyned together by a fair Bridge It is encompassed with a strong double Wall it is a Free City of the Empire and famous for the two Fairs or Marts for Books here annually held the one in Lent and the other in September and 3. Schweinfurt Lantgravedom of Hassia The Lantgravedom of HASSIA Eastwards of Saxony its chief places are 1. Cassel a City seated in a fertil Soil yet of no great beauty 2. Marpurg an Vniversity and the Seat of the Second House of the Lantgraves and 3. Dormestad the Seat and Inheritance of the youngest House of the Lantgraves To this Province doth belong the Country of WALDECK whose Earls are subject to the Lantgraves its chief place is Gorbach Likewise to this Province belongeth WETTERAVIA whose chief places are Nassau Solins Hanâ—u and Isenbourg Province of Westphalia The Province of WESTPHALIA is divided into three parts to wit Ecclesiasticks Counties and Imperial Cities This Province was the ancient habitation of the Saxons the Soil is very fertil wonderfully stored with Acorns which makes their Swines-flesh excellent and so much esteemed The chief places in the Ecclesiasticks are those of Paderborne Minde and Arensberg also the Bishopricks of Collen Munster and Triers The Bishoprick of COLLEN taketh up a great part of Westphalia Bishoprick of Collen c. and hath for its chief place Collen a City well stored with Schools for the education of Youth and here according to Report were interr'd the Bodies of the three Wise-men which came from the East to worship our Saviour vulgarly called the three Kings of Collen The Bishoprick of MVNSTER hath its chief place so called seated on the River Ems where there is a Monastery so called built by Charles the Great 2. Warendrop and 3. Herwerden The Bishoprick of TRIERS hath for its chief places 1. Triers an ancient City seated on the Moselle 2. Bopport seated on the said River and 3. Engers The Counties belonging to Westphalia The Counties belonging to the Province of Westphalia are 1. EMBDEN whose chief place is Aurick 2. OLDENBOVRG whose chief place is
its Buildings especially in its Suburbs which is severed from the City by a Wall which gives entrance by six Gates As touching the Trade of this Kingdom I shall include it under this City as being the chief place of Traffick The Commodities exported are the product of the Country already treated of and those imported are all sorts of English Commodities especially Apparel Silks Stuffs c. also Wines Oils and several other Commodities Their Coins as being under the Jurisdiction of England have correspondency therewith and are here currant as also those of Spain and an Irish Pound which consisteth of 20 s. is but 15 s. sterling which makes their Shilling but 9 d. sterling And as to their Weights and Measures they are the same with those of England where see further Wickle seated on the Sea Wickle where over the narrow Haven there standeth a Rock enclosed with a strong Wall instead of a Castle and serveth for a place of defence New-Castle a Town which regardeth the Sea Newcastle where there are Shelves of Sand which they call the Grounds reaching a great length between which and the Shoar is said to be about seven Fathom water Houth seated on the River Liffy at its fall into the Sea Houth which almost encloseth it Malcheal also seated on the Sea Malcheal nigh unto which is a small Isle called Lambey County of East-Meath described EAST-MEATH a County watered with the noble River Boyn which cutteth the Country into two parts and after it hath received the Waters of Lough-Ranmore dischargeth it self into the Sea It is severed into twelve Baronies viz. Moyfenragh Dunboyne Ratoth Duleeke Kells Morgallon Skreen Navan Lune Slane Foore and Decce And hath for its chief place Trim seated on the River Boyne a Town of good account and Trade Trim. Aboy a well inhabited and frequented Town Aboy Navan Drodagh Slane Navan Drodagh and Slane which also hath a Barony County of West-Meath described WEST-MEATH so called as lying Westwards as the other is for lying Eastwards It is divided into twelve Baronies viz. Farbill Moyeashell Clunlonan Brawney Moygoish Delvin Corkery Demyfoore Maheredernon Rathconrath Kilkenny-west and Fartullagh And hath for its chief places Molingar the chief Shire-Town Molingar as being commodiously seated in the midst of the County Delvin seated on the Summit of a Hill a Town dignified with a Barony Delvin and Kelskery Kelskery County of Longford described LONGFORD a County almost encompassed with Lakes and Rivers amongst which is the Shannon the noblest River in the Kingdom It is severed into six Baronies viz. Ardagh Granard Moydow Longford Rathline and Abbyshrewle And hath for its chief places Longford which gives name to the County seated on the Lake Eske Longford or rather on the Shannon Ardragh another good Town Ardragh County of Kildare described KILDARE a rich and fertil County severed into ten Baronies viz. Salt Nass Ikeathy or Oughtereney Claine Connel Magna Carbury Ophaly Noragh and Rabane Kilkullen half Kilcah and Moon Whose chief places are Kildare a fair Inland Town being well frequented defended by a Castle Kildare and dignified with the See of a Bishop A place much celebrated in the Infancy of the Irish Church for its St. Brigid an holy Virgin who was the Disciple of St. Patrick Mainoth defended by a Castle and is a place of good account Mainoth and well frequented Naas Athie Naas and Athie seated on the River Barrow both Towns of some account Kings County described KINGS COVNTY so called in honour to Philip King of Spain Husband to Mary Queen of England It is divided into ten Baronies viz. Cooles-Town Philips-Town Marrius-Town Ballicowen Kilcoursey Balliboy Clonliske Garricastle Ballibritt and Fercale And hath for its chief places Philips-Town or Kings-Town Philips-Town Queens-Town described QVEENS COVNTY full of Boggs and Woods is divided into eight Baronies viz. Balliadams Vpper-Ossery Portnehinch Tenehinch Cullinagh Mary-burrough Slewmargigh and Stradbally And hath for its chief places Queens-Town a place of good account and is the chief in the County Queens-Town Rheban once a City but at present of small note Rheban County of Caterlough described CATERLOVGH a fertil County and well clothed with Wood. It is severed into five Baronies viz. Ravilly Caterlough Forth Idronye and St. Mullin in part And hath for its chief places Caterlough Caterlough seated on the River Barrow of good account and strength Leighlin Leighlin also seated on the Barrow once dignified with an Episcopal See Tullo Tullo seated on the River Slane Carickbrak Areklo Carickbrak and Areklo which two last are seated on the Sea County of Wexford described WEXFORD or WEISFORD washed by the Sea a County in former time according to Ptolomy possessed by the Menapians a sort of People which came out of Low-Germany It is divided into eight Baronies viz. Gory Scarwalsh Ballagheene Bantry Shellmaleere Forth Bargy and Sheelburne And hath for its chief places Wexford Wexford supposed to be the ancient City Menapa scituate at the Mouth of the River Slane where it hath a good Haven a fair Town and of note for being the first Town that imbraced a Colony of English as also for its Herring-fishing which makes it to be well inhabited and frequented Ross Ross seated on the River Barrow which after a small course falleth into a Bay or Arm of the Sea Ternes Ternes scituate on the Slane dignified with the See of a Bishop and was in former time fortified with a Castle Eniscort Eniscort a Borough and Town Corporate County of Kilkenny described KILKENNY a very fertil County well graced with Towns is divided into ten Baronies viz. Gowran Fassaghdining Kilkenny Cranagh Galmey Callen Iverke Sheelelogher Kells Knocktopher Ida-Igrin and Ibercon And hath for its chief places Kilkenny Kilkenny seated on the River Nur which traverseth the County a fair and wealthy Borough-Town far exceeding all other Mid-land Borough-Towns in the Kingdom It is divided into the English and the Irish Town that part belonging to the English being fenced on the West-side by a Wall and defended by a Castle and that part which belongeth to the Irish being as it were the Suburbs is of the greatest Antiquity having in it the Canicks Church and is honoured with the See of the Bishop of Ossery Thomas Town Thomas Town seated beneath the River Nur a small walled Town Callan Callan seated on a River so called a Borough and Town Corporate Religious Houses Amongst the places in this Province set apart for Divine Worship these following were of great note viz. the stately Abbey called Thomas Court at Dublin built by King Henry the Second in expiation of the Murther of Thomas Archbishop of Canterbury the Monasteries of St. Maries of Oustmanby and Tintern and the Abbey founded by William Marshall Earl
was soon after with above 8000 of his Men flain not far distant Carlingford Carlingford another good and well frequented Port-Town Lough Lough a fair Town conveniently seated on the River Warren Ardeth Ardeth a good Inland dry Town County of Armagh described ARMAGH a County of an exceeding fertil Soil and not inferiour to any in the Kingdom It is severâ—l into five Baronies viz. Fowes Orrior Tawrane Onelan and Armagh And hath for its chief places Armagh Armagh scated on or near the River Kaisin an ancient but ruinated City yet dignified with the See of an Archbishop who is Primate of all Ireland which name it is said to receive from Queen Armacha and is supposed to be the same which Ptolomy calleth Dearmach And here according to St. Bernard St. Patrick the Apostle of the Irish ruled during his life and when he departed this World was here Interr'd in honour of whom it was a place greatly reverenced Not far from Armagh is Owen Maugh the ancient Seat of the Kings of Vlster Owen-Maugh and on the River Blackwater are two Forts one which beareth the same name and the other called Fort Charles Mount Norris Dornous Mount Norris another Fort And Dornous County of Monoghan described MONOGHAN a County very hilly and well clothed with Wood is severed into four Baronies viz. Monoghan Trough Bartrey and Cremorne And hath for its chief places Clogher seated on the River Blackwater Clogher Monoghan a large Fort Churchland and Lishanahan Monoghan County of Cavan described CAVAN a small County and of less account yet is divided into seven Baronies viz. Clonehy Tulloghgarvy Casterahan Clonmoghan Tullahagh Tullabonobo and Loughtee And hath for its chief places Cavan and Kilmore Cavan and Kilmore the one seated on the Lake Cane the other on the Lake Nivity both which are joyned to the Lake Earne by the River Blackwater County of Fermanagh described FERMANAGH a County well clothed with Wood and very boggy in the midst having several Lakes or Loughs the chief amongst which is that of Earne which is the largest and most famous in all the Kingdom having therein seated divers small Isles and in this Lough are such great store of Salmons Trouts and other Fish that they are oft-times found troublesom to the Fishermen by breaking their Nets This County is severed into three Baronies viz. Magherestrephana Maghereboy and Clanawly And hath for its chief places Bal-Tarbet Bal-tarbet seated on the same Lake Inis Killing Inis Killing the principal Fort in this Tract which in Anno 1593. was defended by the Rebels but taken from them by the valiant Captain Dowdall and near unto this place is a great downfal of water called the Salmon-leap CONNAUGH Full of Bogs and Woods THis Province called by the Irish Conaughty is full of Woods and Bogs yet not unfertil nor wanting in Provisions In this Province at Knocktoe that is the Hill of Axes the greatest rabble of Rebels that ever were seen together in the Kingdom were gathered together and commanded by William Burk O-Brien O-Carrol and Mac-nemare grand Rebels in that time but were discomfited by the noble Valour of Girald Fitz-Girald Earl of Kildare and his party And about the Year 1316. upon the occasion of two Princes or Lords falling at odds there were said to be slain on both sides about 4000 Men and so great misery came amongst them through Famine being forced to eat one another and other calamities that of about 10000 there were left alive not above 300. Its Bounds This Province hath for its Eastern Bounds Leimster for its Southern Monster for its Northern Vster and for its Western the Sea where it hath many commodious Bays Creeks and Navigable Rivers It s Extent It s Extent from Tromer in the East to Burrag-Bay in the West being the breadth is about 80 miles and from the River Shennon in the South to Eniskelling in the North being the length is about 120 and in circumference about 400 miles and for its division is parted into sir Counties viz. Mayo Slego Galloway Clare or Twomond and Letrym all which are subdivided into several Baronies as hereafter shall be named And of these in order County of Mayo described MAYO apleasant and fertil County stored with Cattle Deer Hawks and Hony and well watered with the two large Loughs of Meske and Garogh in which are several Isles which with the Rivers that fall into the Sea where are seated several Isles the Inhabitants are plentifully supplied with Fish and Fowl It is severed into nine Baronies viz. Tirrawly Eris Gallin Coragh Burishoole Muriske Kilmaine Clonmoris and Castello And hath for its chief places Killaloy Killaloy dignified with an Episcopal See which formerly was at Mayo where according to Bede there was a Monastery for 30 English men built by an Irish Bishop and was in a flourishing condition in the Reign of King John Refraint Stackby Refraine and Stackby both seated on the Sea-shoar SLEGO a County full of rich Pastures which breed and fatten store of Cattle County of Slego described and is well watered with the Sea and the Lough Earne already treated of It is divided into six Baronies viz. Carbury Corran Leny Tirrarill Tirreragh and Coolavin And hath for its chief places Slego Slego seated on a Bay of the Sea so called where it hath a commodious Road for Ships and is defended by a Castle Dundroes Dunbroyle Dundroes and Dunbroyle both Maritim-Towns GALLOWAY a large and fertil County both for Tillage and Pasturage whose Western part is washed with the Sea County of Galloway described which thrusteth forth several Arms and hath lying on its Shoars divers Isles of which the three largest which bear the name of Aran are Great-Island Ifor-Island Small-Island all seated in the Mouth of Galloway-Bay It is separated into fifteen Baronies viz. Moycullin Ballinananen Clare Downamore Bealamo Killehane Kilconel Clanemactonene Longford Tiaquin Athenry Dunkillin Kilcartan Lough-Reagh and Letrim And hath for its chief places Galloway Galloway a fair large and strong City dignified with an Episcopal See and is commodiously seated for Traffick on a spacious Bay of the Sea so called by reason whereof it is well inhabited frequented and enjoyeth a good Trade Nigh unto this City is the Lough Carble or Carbles about 20 miles in length and 3 or 4 in breadth in which are abundance of small Isles Inis-Ceath Inis-Ceath a place in times past well known for its Monastery Inis-Bovind Inis-Bovind which Bede calleth White-Castle-Isle Aterith Clan-Ricard Kilmaculo and Clonfert Aterith or Athenry once a place of good strength Clan-Ricard Kilmaculo and Clonfert County of Clare described CLARE or TWOMOND a County shooting it self far into the Sea towards the West with a tapred Promontory which with the River Shannon and the Lough Derg both full of small Isles doth almost encompass it
It is a Country well provided of all things necessary for the sustenance of Man is severed into nine Baronies viz. Burrins Corcomroe Ibrickam Inchiquin Islands Clanderlagh Moyfertagh Bounraty and Tullogh And hath for its chief places Clare Clare seated on a Creek which floweth out of the Shannon Kylaloe Kylaloe seated on the Shannon near the Lough Derg dignified with an Episcopal See Kilsennerag Bunraty Kilsennerag and Bounraty not far from the Shannon a Town of some account County of Roscomon described ROSCOMON a long but narrow County of a very fertil Soil and breedeth store of Cattle but Northwards where the Curlew Mountains are it is inclined to sterility It is divided into seven Baronies viz. Roscomon Boyle Bealanioo East and West Ballintuber Athlone and Moycarne And hath for its chief places Roscomon Roscomon seated near the Lough Ree once a place of good account and strength Elphen Elphen honoured with the See of a Bishop Athlone Athlone scituate on the Lough Ree defended by a Castle and beautified with a fair Stone-Bridge And under the Curlew-Hills in former time was a famous Abby together with the Abby of Beatitude Country of Letrim described LETRIM a hilly County yet very fit for grasing of Cattle which are here in great abundance It is severed into five Baronies viz. Letrim Drumaheire Rosdogher Carrigallin and Moyhill And hath for its principal place Letrim Meukerk Letrim seated in a fertil Soil near the Lough Alyne and Meukerk MUNSTER Its Commoditles THis Province in Irish called Mown and in Latin Momonia is Mountainous Woody and of a different Soil but for the generality very fertil and abounding in Corn Cattle Fowl and Fish and the rather as being so well watered with Rivers and Bays which lose themselves in the Sea which almost encompasseth it except towards the East and North where it butteth upon the Provinces of Leimster and Connaugh which said Bays afford good Harbours for Shipping the chief amongst which being those of Bautre Mare Dingle and Sennon And along the Shoar are seated abundance of small Isles It is of a large extent Extent being from Waterford-Haven in the East to Feriter-Haven in the West about 100 miles and from Baltimore-Bay in the South to Galloway-Bay in the North about 90 and in circumference tracing its many Promontories and Indents above 500 miles And as to its Temporal Government it is at present severed into six Counties Counties Division viz. Limerick Tipperary or Holy-Cross Kerry Cork Desmond and Waterford all which are subdivided into several Baronies as shall be treated of as they come in order and first with Limerick County of Limerick described LIMERICK a fertil and well inhabited County is severed into eleven Baronies viz. Abbey-Outheney-boy Limerick-Liberty Clan-Williams Small-County Coshma Coshlea Killmalock Poblebria Kenry Cuonagh and Connelloe And hath for its chief places Limerick in Irish Loumeagh the chief City in the Province Limerick seated in an Isle so made by the River Shennon which after 60 miles course loseth it self in the Sea and by reason of its commodious scituation the River being Navigable to the very City makes it to be a place well inhabited and frequented is graced with good built Houses beautified with a Cathedral Church and a fair Stone-Bridge is honoured with the See of a Bishop and is strongly fortified with a Castle and begirt with a Wall Kill-Mallo a well inhabited Town which is also begirt with a Wall Killmallo Adare seated on the Shennon once a Town of good account And Clan-William Adare County of Tipperary or Holy-Cross described TIPPERARY or HOLY-CROSS more fertil in its Southern parts than elsewhere is divided into twelve Baronies viz. Slevardagh and Compsey Kilnemana Ikerin Iffa and Offa Iliogurty Middle-third Owney and Arra Clan-Williams Ileagh Kilnelougurty Vpper-Ormond and Lower-Ormond and hath for its principal places Cassile seated on the Showr and dignified with an Archiepiscopal See Cassile by Eugenius the Third Bishop of Rome Holy-Cross seated on the River Showr or Swire Holy-Cross once a place of good account and note for its famous Abby which was well frequented by Pilgrims and other devout persons who came to see and worship a piece as was generally supposed of the Holy-Cross from whence the Country adjoyning is generally called County of the Holy-Cross of Tipperary Emeley dignified with the See of a Bishop once a place of good account Emeley and well inhabited and frequented Clomel seated on the River Showr a well frequented Town Clomel Carick-Mac-Griffin Thurles and Tipperary Carick-Mac-Griffin scituate on a Rock Thurles and Tipperary The North part of this County which is very hilly and not over fertil beareth the name of Ormond and is honoured in giving Title to his Grace James Butler Duke Marquess and Earl of Ormond Earl of Brecknock and Ossery Viscount Thurles Baron of Arklow and Lanthony Lord Steward of his Majesties Houshold Knight of the Garter and one of the Lords of his Majesties most Honourable Privy Council c. County of Kerry described KERRY a County watered with the Sea where it thrusteth forth a largâ— Bay called Dingley-Bay and hath on its Shoar divers small Isles It is verâ— Mountainous and Woody but interlaced with fertil Valleys 'T is divided intâ— eight Baronies viz. Glaneroughty Iveragh Dunkerone Moygunnyhy Trughanackme Corkaguiny Iraghticonnor and Clanmorris And hath for its chieâ— place Dingle Dingle which hath a commodious Port on the other side of which is Smerwick-Sound a good Road for Ships Ardart Traley Ardart a place of mean account although the See of a Bishop and Traleâ— County of Desmond described DESMOND a Mountainous County and well washed with the Seâ— which thrusteth forth its Arms a good way into the Land and forms threâ— Promontories viz. first that of Eraugh lying between Baltimore and Banâ—râ— a Bay sufficiently well known for the great store of Herrings here taken Secondly that of Beare being enclosed between the Bays of Maire and Dinglâ— It hath for its chief places Donekyran Ardes Downbay Donekyran defended by a Castle Ardes and Downbay CORKE a large County lying on the Sea where it hath good Roads an Ports for Ships County of Corke described It is severed into fifteen Baronies viz. Duhallo Condonâ— aâ— Clangibon Orrery and Killmore Fermoy Imokillire Barrimore Corke Chursey Kinsale Barriroe Ibawne Beare and Bantry Musbery Carbury and Barets And hath for its chief places Corke Corke the chief City in the Province dignified with the See of a Biskoâ— commodiously seated on a Bay of the Sea where it hath a good Haven bâ— reason of which it is a place well inhabited and frequented by Merchants anâ— Tradesmen who drive a good Trade and is a place of some strength beinâ— begirted with a Wall besides a River over which it hath a Bridge Kinsale Kinsale seated at the
large and well built seated in a spacious Plain which affordeth great plenty of Sugar 2. Messa at the flux or mouth of the River Sus it is composed of three little Cities walled apart and betwixt which the River passes 3. Tejent seated higher and on the same River on a spacious Plain is likewise composed of three Towns each distant a Mile from each other having their Temple common in the midst of the three 4. Tedsa beyond the River Tagavost containing about 8000 Houses its chief Ornament being a fair Mehometan Temple 5. Capo d' Aguer seated on a Promontory so called and is a place of great importance The Fortress and City of Guarguessen in the midst of the Coast and on a branch which this Mountain under the name of Idevacall stretches into the Sea belongs to the Crown of Portugal Province of Guzula its bounds and chief Places The Province of Guzula is to the East of Sus to the South of Hea and Morocco to the West of the Province or Kingdom of Darrha and to the North of Tesset Here are observed to be no walled Cities or Fortresses of note but it hath many Burroughs and Towns of 1000 or 1200 Houses where there are Markets kept thrice a week and a great Fair yearly which lasts two Months to which many People from most parts of Africa do resort The chief place bears the name of the Province the People are rude and barbarous and with much ado are subject to the King of Morocco In the Country are many rich Mines of Gold Brass Iron and other Metals Province of Morocco and and its chief Cities The Province of Morocco particularly so called lies all between the Rivers of Asifnuall and Tensift from their Springs at the Mount Atlas until they meet about 15 or 20 Leagues from the Sea Asifnual divides it from Guzula and Hea Tensift from Hascora and Ducala The City of Morocco is the chief of the whole Kingdom and hath been a long time in great esteem and once accounted the Metropolis of all Barbary and reckoned amongst the greatest Cities in the World At which time it had twenty four or twenty five Gates being in circuit 12 Miles and contained about one hundred thousand Families It is strongly girt about with Walls and adorned within with many publick and private Buildings as its Palace which they name the Alcasar Its Churches or Mosques are very fair especially one Morocco its Trade and Commodities which is held the greatest in the World seated in the midst of the City adorned with many sumptuous Pillars which were brought out of Spain when the Moors had the possession of the Country It hath a very large and strong Castle esteemed as big as a reasonable Town Here is also a Burse for Merchants who trade hither But of late by reason of the defacement and Spoils which it hath suffered by the Arabians together with the removal of the Seat Royal to Fez now the Metropolis of all Barbary it hath lost much of its splendor a great part of the City being deserted so that they make use of but 4 or 5 Gates neither is that part so populous rich nor hath so good a Trade as formerly 2. Agmett seated on a River of the same name and at the meeting of divers passages which descend from Mount Atlas in the Plains of Morocco hath been very fair and populous and its Hills and Valley about it so fertil and beautified with pleasant Gardens that it was called the Little Morocco at present it is almost Desart 3. Elgiumuha near the Mountain and on the River Secsiva 4. Imegiagen seated on a Mountain very steep on all sides And 5. Tenezze a Town of some note All which are strong places and very advantagiously scituated Province of Hea its fertility People and chief places HEA West of Morocco a Province Mountainous and Woody yet watered with many good Rivers the Soil indifferently fertil and would produce several good Commodities were it inhabited by industrious People these being a sort of idle and in a manner barbarous altogether ignorant of Arts except some Teachers of their Law which can hardly read as also some Chirurgions who are chiefly employed in the circumcision of their Children they are generally very courteous to Strangers but very contentious among themselves It s chief Cities are 1. Tednest once a place of good esteem seated on the River Savens 2. Hadequis 3. Teguleth and 4. Tejeut places of good note and Trade the first containing about 1000 Houses having the benefit of a good Port and beautified with a fair Mosque with some Hospitals But about the year 1500 they were much ruined by the Portugals in whose possession they are who have since somewhat added to its former Estate Tednest hath about 1600 Houses the most part Jews which are esteemed the chiefest In the Mountains Tesegdelt is most considerable containing above 1000 Families and well scituated its Walls being no other than thick Rocks So are Ileusugagen Tegtesse Eitdeset Culejat c. scituated upon Mountains and of good strength Tefethna on the Coast and at the Mouth of a River of the same name The Isle of Mogadour hath a Port where there is some Trade The Isle of Mogadour near the Cape of Ocem is distant from the Coast two little Leagues The Kings of Morocco have built here a Fortress to keep some Mines of Gold and Silver which are in the neighbouring Mountains It s Mountains west inhabited The Mountains of Aidvacall or Idevacall near Cape de Guer of Demensera near the Province of Guzula and Gebel el Haden near the Tensit take up a part of the Province and are so well inhabited that the last can set forth 12000 fighting Men the first 20000 and the other 25000. Provinces of Hascora and Teldes and their chief places North of the Province of Morocco are those of Hascora and Teldes separated the one from the other by the River Quadel Habid Tefza is the chief City of Teldes and near the River Derna which falls into the Ommiraby a rich City built by the old African Moors and beautified with many Mahometan Mosques and its Walls were made of a kind of Marble 2. Elmadine is the chief City of Hascora It s People peopled with about 10000 Families scituate in a pleasant Valley and begirt with Hills it is well built its Inhabitants are civil ingenious and addict themselves to Arts Traffick and Manufactures the Women are fair as in 3. Tagodaft which is on a Mountain whose Foot is washed with many little Streams which water their Gardens 4. Elgiumuha towards the South built by the People and in a like scituation with Tagodaft And 5. Bzo likewise a City of some Trade Between the Mountains Teldes hath more than 50 walled Towns built near the streams of the River Darha These Provinces are fertil having rich Fields feed a great quantity of Goats of whose Skins are made the
Quarters of which Ydausquerit Extuca and Nun are on the Sea Tesset Guadenum Ifrena or Vfaran and Archa within the Land Each of these parts have many Cities It s chief places and its fertility Castles and Villages and the most part of its People are Bereberes Africans or Arabs 1. Ydausquerit is the best Quarter and the most fruitful yields Fruits sweet and sowr as Oranges Citrons c. Also Wheat Barley c. Feeds much Cattle among others multitudes of Horses can raise 5000 Horse and 30000 Foot They are held the best Souldiers in all Billedulgerid and almost of all Africa 2. Extuca is proper only for Pastures abounds in Goats 3. Nun hath but little Barley and few Dates 4. Tesset is a Town of about 400 Houses hath some trade with the Negroes The Inhabitants of Guadenum live of Goats Milk by Hunting and of Dates and the Country hath Ostriches Those of Ifrena trade with the Portugals at Guarguessen and those of Archa hath only Dates And in these seven Quarters there are several other Towns and Cities as Buzedora Vtemila Albene Ausulima Buleza and Suana all Maritim places opposite and not far from the Canary Isles The Kingdom of Darha and its chief places DARHA is on the East of Tesset and Morocco It is divided commonly into three parts of which the chief retains the name of Dara the other are Taffilet and Ytata which pass likewise under the name of Taffilet All these parts have been divers times under the Dominion of the Xeriffs of Fez and Morocco Darha is about a River of the same name and where the River doth overflow it it is indifferent fruitful Among its chief Cities are 1. Bemsabih 2. Quitera Tagumadert from whence came the Xeriffs of Fez and Morocco 3. Taragalel of 4000 Houses and a Jewry of 400. 4. Tinzulin the most spacious of all 5. Timesguit of 2000 Families And 6. Tesuf once the Royal City of all these Quarters now in Ruins The Kingdom of Taffilet with its chief places TAFFILET hath born the Title of a Kingdom as well as Dara and its chief City of the same name hath more than 2000 Families of Bereberes To this place as Heylin observeth did Mahomet the Second Son of Mahomet Ben Amet and second King of Morocco of this Family confine his eldest Brother Amet having took him Prisoner in Anno Dom. 1544. Ytata is for the most part esteemed under Taffilet though near upon as great The Land belonging to the one and the other are harsh and Mountainous and scituated between Dara and Segelomessa Taffilet toward Morocco from whence it is separated from Mount Atlas Ytata towards the Saara or Desart where is that of Zuenziga The Kingdom of Segelomessa described SEGELOMESSA is one of the greatest and best Provinces or Kingdoms of all Billedulgerid It s chief City bears the same name is made famous by the Arab of Nubia It hath been ruined and rebuilded within 100 and odd years it is seated in a Plain and on the River Ziz Where and on those of Ghir Tagda and Farcala are likewise some other Cities more than 300 walled Boroughs and a great number of Villages The Rivers overflow and make fertil the Country as doth the Nile in Egypt The Inhabitants may raise about 120000 Men to bear Arms they have sometimes been subject to their Lords sometimes to the Kings of Fez and Morocco now are partly divided into Lines and Communalties and partly subject to the Arabs Several small Estates in and about Segelomessa Under the name of Segelomessa we will pass with Sanutus 12 or 15 little Estates which have but few Cities or walled Towns and some Villages Poor and almost all subject to the Arabs QVENEG hath 3 Cities of which Zebbellinum the chief is on a very high Rock and holds the passage of Segelomessa to Fez by Mount Atlas Gastrirum another City is on the side of a Mountain Tamaracostum is on a Plain Besides these Cities there are about 12 Towns and twice as many Villages They have sometimes aided the Xeriffs of Fez and Morocco with 8000 Men. Helel is the principal of its quarter and the residence of the Lord of Malgara Manunna the chief of Rheteb is peopled with Moors and Jews all Merchants and Artizans These places are on the Ziz descending from the Atlas towards Segelomessa Suhail Humeledegi and Vmmelhefen make each their Estate apart The last is on the way from Segelomessa to Dara The Land is quite Desart covered with Sand and black Stones TEBELBETTA hath 3 Cities 12 Villages FARCALA 3 Cities 5 Villages TEZERIN 5 Cities 15 Villages BENIGOMIA 8 Cities 15 Villages the Cities Mazalig Abuhinanum and Chasaira make each their Estate BENIBESSERI GVACHDA and FEGHIGA have each 3 Cities and some Villages Those of Feghiga addict themselves to Traffick and Letters gather quantity of Dates as doth likewise Guachda An excellent Mine of Iron employs those of BENIBESSERI in carrying it to Segelomessa A rich Mine of Lead and another of Antimony yields profit to those of Chasair who carry them to Fez the others bear only Dates and their Inhabitants are oppressed by the Arabs who rule over them Togda besides its Labourers of the Land hath some Tanners of Leather and the Soil yields Grains and Fuits I have made Tegorarin and Zeb the 4th and 5th Parts of Billedulgerid taken in general Under the name of Tegorarin I shall comprehend Tesebit and Benigorait under that of Zeb I comprehend Mezzab Techort or Techortina and Guergela Quarter of Tegorarin described TEGORARIN hath more than 50 Cities or walled Towns and 100 or 150 Villages the chief of which are Tegorarin Tuat and Tegdeat The Country is abundant in Dates yields Corn when watered feeds no Cattle except it be a few Goats for their Milk Its People addict themselves to Trade fetch Gold from the Negroes which they carry into Barbary and bring from thence several Commodities to carry to the Negroes Receiving Strangers with delight and letting nothing be lost that they can leave with them to enrich their Country Tesebit or Tesevin hath 4 Cities 28 Villages the most part of the Men are black the Women only brown and comly All poor as likewise in the Desart of Benigorait Province of Zeb and its chief places The Province of ZEB is more to the East than Tegorarin it touches the Kingdom and Province of Algier and Bugia near Mesila on the North is divided from the Regions of Mezzab Techort and Guergela towards the South by divers Mountains It s principal Cities are five Pescara Borgium Dusena Nesta Teolacha and Macaxa One part of these Cities were ruined when the Arabs entred into Africa a part by Barbarossa the most part afterwards resloted At present the Turks the Kings of Couco and Labes and the Arabs receive some Tribute from them The Inhabitants of Pescara live in the Fields in the Summer being constrained to
Goude Rotterdam the Hague the Brill ZELAND Mildebourg Flushing Ziriczee ZUTPHEN Zutphen Doesbourg Grolle One Marquisate of the Empire which consisteth but of the City of Anvers or Antwerp Five Signieuries to wit UTRECHT Utrecht OVERYSSEL where are the Quarters of Saland Deventer Campen Swol Tuente Oldenzee Drente Coevorden WEST FRISE or WEST-FRISELAND Leuvarden Dockum Franicker Staveren GRONINGUE Groningue MALINES Malines To which may be added the Archbishoprick and Seignieury of CAMBRAY Cambray Bishoprick and Signieury of LIEGE where are Liege Tongres Maestricht Dinant Huy County of LINGEN Lingen The ESTATES or UNITED PROVINCES of the LOW COUNTRIES possessed in EUROPE The most Northern part of the LOW COUNTRIES where are eight Provinces or Parts to wit the Dutchy of GUELDERS Quarter of Betuve Nieumegue Bommel Fort de Schenck Quarter of Veluve Arnhem Harderwick Counties of HOLLAND North Holland Alcrnar Horne Inchuse South Holland Dordrecht Harlem Delft Leyde or Leyden Amsterdam Goude Rotterdam the Hague the Brill Gorckum St. Guitremberg ZELAND Mildebourg Ziriczee Flessing Tolen ZUTPHEN Zutphen Doesbourg Grolle Signleurles of UTRECHT Utrecht OVER-YSSEL Deventâ—r Campen Swol Covorden WEST FRISE Lieuvarden Harlingen Franicker Dockum Staveren GRONINGUE Groningue And in the Neighbouring Estates of the LOW COUNTRIES Part of the Dutchy of CLEVES Wesel Rees Emmerick Goch Gennep Part of the Estate of COLOGNE Rhinsberg Orsoy And in the County of EMBDEN Roeroort And in the most Southern part of the LOW COUNTRY Part of the Dutchy of BRABANT Bosleduc Breda Berg op Zom Willemftad Steenberg Lillo Part of the Dutchy of LIMBOURG Maestricht Part of the County of FLANDERS Escluse Ardenbourg Middelbourg Isendiâ—k Biervliet Ter-Neuse Philippine Patience Lifkenshoeck In AFRICA or AFRIQUE AFRICA or LYBIA Upon the Coast or near The Country of the NEGRO'S Arguin Goeree GUINEE St. George de la Mine Fort of Nassau AETHIOPIA The Isles of St. THOMAS Cuidad de Pavoasan LOANDA St. Pol de Loanda In ASIA And in the East INDIES On the Coasts of COROMANDEL SIAM Gueldres Malaca And in the East INDIAN ISLES On the Coasts of Isle of CEYLAN Isle of JAVA Colombo Jacatra or Batavia Part of the MOLUCQUES to wit in TERNATE Talouque Maylaye Tacomma MOTIR Nassau MAQUIAM Taffason Naffaguia or Maurice Tabillola or Telebola BACHIAN Labolia Gamineduore About the MOLUCQUES to wit in GILOLO Zabou AMBOYNE Coubella Lovio Hittou Ambeyne NERA Isle of Banda Nassau Belgique Revenge POLEWAY Isle of Banda Nassau Belgique Revenge Between CHINA and JAPON HERMOSO Zeland In AMERICA or AMERIQUE MERIDIONALE Part of BRAZILE where are the Capitanies of FERNAMBUCO Olinde TAMRACA Tamaraca PARAYBA Parayba RIO GRANDE Potengi CIARA Ciara MARAGNAN Maragnan And near the Coast of VENEZUELA the Isle of Curacao GERMANY about the Danube may be considered in three Parts viz. Higher or SOVABIA which is subdivided into two parts to wit SOVABE or SOVABIA where are The Bishopricks of Ausbourg Dilengen Fuessen Constance Mersbourg Coire Marsoila The Dutchy of Wirtenberg Stutgard Tubingue The Marquisate of Burgau Guntzbourg Part of the Marquisate of Baden Durlach Baden Thirteen Counties among the which are Furstenberg Meâ—kirâ—k Hohenberg Ehingen Rhinfeld Rhinfenden Lauffenbourg Divers Baronies c. The Barony of Waldbourg Thirty five Cities of the EMPIRE among the which Beyond the Danube are Ausbourg Constance Lindau Uberlingue Memmingue Kempten Ravensbourg On this side the Danube are Ulme Norlingue Drinckespuhel Awlen Halle Hailbron Eslingue Guemunde SWISSES or SWITZERLAND under the name of which is understood Thirteen Cantons where of The principal Cities are Basle Berne Zurich Lucerne Soleurne Fribourg Schasshouse Twelve or Thirteen Allies among the which are The Abby and City of St. Gall. The Bishoprick of Sion The Grisons Coire The Bishoprick of Porentruy The Cities of Geneve Mulhausen Newchastel Rotweil Twenty or Twenty five Subjects among the which are The County of Chiavenne The Val Teline Sondrio Wormes or Bormio The Balliages and Cities of Lugan Bellinâ—one Bade Frawenfeld Mean or BAVARIA which is divided into three parts and where are The Estates of the Dukedom of TIROL which comprehendeth The County of Tirol where are Inspruck Tirol Cufstaâ—ne Towards the Lake of Constance the Counties of Feldkirch Bregaz The Protection of the Bishopricks of Trente Brixen The Estates of the Dutchy of BAVARIA where are comprised The Dutchy of Bavaria Higher Munich Landsperg Lower Landshout Straubing Between the Ecclesiasticks The Archbishoprick of Saltzbourg The Bishopricks of Passau Ratisbone Frissingue The Provost of Berehtogade Between the Laicks The Palatinate of Newbourg The County of Hag. Cities of the Emperour Ratisbone Ingolstat Dona-wert The Estates of the Palatinate of BAVARIA which are In the Country of the Palatinate of Bavaria Amberg To the Princes of the House Palatine Sultzbach In the Palatinate of Newbourg Burglenfelt To the Bishoprick of Aichster Aichster In the Langrave of Leuchtenberg Pfreinâ— Lower or AUSTRICHE or AUSTRIA which is divided into two parts to wit Archbishoprick of AUSTRIA Higher Lintz Ens or Ems Wells Freystat Mean Crems Horne Stain Lower Vienne Newstat Bade And the Hereditary Estates of AUSTRIA to wit The Dutchy of Stitle Higher Pruck Lower Graecz Pettau The Dutchy of Carnithie Higher Villach Gurcz Mean St. Veit Lower Lavemunde The Dutchy of Carniole Higher or Seiche Gorice Gradisque Czirknicz Lower Laubach The County of Cilley Cilley The Windishmarch or Marquisate of Vindes Metling Rudolsswerd The SUISSES or SWITZERLAND and that which we understand under the name ought to be considered in three Parts to wit in Thirteen Cantons which following their Antiquity are URI 1308 SUISSE 1308 UNDERWALD 1308 LUCERNE 1332 ZURIOH 1351 ZUG 1352 GLARIS 1352 BERNE 1353 FRIBOURG 1481 SOLEURNE 1481 BASLE 1501 SCHASFHOUSE 1501 APPENZEL 1513 or following their Ranges c. Zurich Protestant Zurich Winterthur Stein Grisfensee Eglifou Berne Protestant Berne Lausanne Yverdon Nyon Mouldon Morges Peterlingen Vevay Lemzbourg Burgdoâ—f Aarbourg Bruck Thun Lucerne Catholick Lucerne Sursce Sempach Uri Catholick Altorf Suisse Catholick Suitz or Suisse Underwald Catholick Stantastad Zug Catholick Zug Glaris Catholick and Protestant Glaris Basle Protestant Basle Fribourg Catholick Fribourg Corbers Gryers Soleurne Catholick Soleurne Schafshouse Protestant Schafshouse Appenzel Catholick Appenzel Their Allies which are The Abbe and City of St. GAL in Suisse Wyll St. Gall. The Bishoprick of SION or County of Valais Sittin or Sion Martinath The GRISONS divided into three Leagues or Confederacies as Higher or Grise Ilantz Dissentis Of the House of God Coir or Chur Furstenow Puschiaâ—e Of the ten Communalties Tafas Meyenfeld The Cities In Alsace or Alsatia Mulhausen In Sovabia Rotweil Towards the Franche County Bienne Neuchastel Vallangin In Savoy Geneve The Bishopricks of Basle in Suisse Porentruy Nuenftar or Bonneville Delmont Constance in Sovabia and Suisse Mersbourg Arbon Bischofszel Bollingen Keiserstul Clingenow Reichenau Steekburne Coire in the Grisons Marsoilachau Their Subjects viz. Subjects to the Cantons as At Glaris the County of Werdenberg Ar Zurich the County of Altsax Foriteckchau At Suisse and Glaris the Balliages of Gastal Uznach At Berne and
Fribourg the Balliages of Murat Orbe Granson Schuartzembourg Of the three most ancient Cantons the Balliages in Italy of Bellinzone Valbrune Polese or Riviere To the same and at Glaris the City and County of Rapperchuil To the seven Ancient Cantons Part of Turgow Dissenhofen Psin The Franck Provinces Meyenberg The County of Sargans Sargans Wallenstad or Riva The City of Fraenfeld To the seven first in Range and Apenzel the Balliages of Rhintal Rhineck Alstetten To the eight Ancient Cantons the Balliages in Suisse of Bade Bremgarten Melingen To the twelve more Ancient Cantons the Balliages in Italy of Lugan Lucarue Mendris Val Madie Subjects to the Allies as To the Abbe of St. Gal the County of Toggenburg Leichtensteg To the Bishoprick of Sion towards Savoy St. Morice Montech Hochtal or Val d'Aux The County of Chiavenne Chiavenne Pleurs Ruynee The Valtelline Morbegno Sondrio Tirano The County of Worms or Bormio And to the same the Protection of the Signieury of Haldenstein GERMANY about the ELBE and the ODER containeth in its Higher Part The Estates of BOHEMIA which may be divided into the Kingdom of BOHEMIA where are Bohemia particularly so called Prague Cuttenberg Pilsen Coningracz Budweiss Leutmaritz Caurzim The Quarter of Egra or Heb Elenbogen or Locker And the County of Glarz Provinces incorporated to the Kingdom of BOHEMIA to wit The Dutchy of Silesie Breslaw Ligniâ—â— Neyse Gros Glogan Brieg Toppau Crossen Jaggcrendorff The Marquisate of M oravia Olmutz Brynn Znaym Iglau Radisch Neustad The Marquisate of Lusace Bautzen Gorlitz Sittau Sorau Guben Cotous Lower Part SAXONY may be divided into the Higher SAXONY where are found The Estates of the Dukes of SAXONY The Dutchy of Saxony Wittenberg The Marquisate of Misue Dreiden Misue Torgaw Lipsick Mersbourg Naumbourg The Dutchy of Altembourg Voitland Zuickaw Turinge Langraviat Erford Dutchies Jeve Cobourg Isenach Counties Schwartzenbourg Mansfeld Smalculd Gleichen Abbess Quedelimberg Abby Salsfeldt Imperial Cities Mulhausen Northausen Principality of Anhalt Dessau Bernebourg The Estate of the Marquisate of BRANDENBOURG Alt-Marck or Vielâ—e-Marck Stendal Havelberg Mittel-Marck or Moyenne-Marck Brandebourg Berlin Francfort on the Oder New-Marck Landsberg Sterneberg The Dutchy of POMERANIA which hath sometime been divided into the Dutchies of Stettin Stettin Anclam Wolgast Wolgast Gutskow Gripsuald Barth Straelsond Barth Rugen Isle and Dutchy Bergen Ancien Stargart Cassubie Colberg Vandalie Stolpe Pomerelia Lowenbourg Lower SAXONY where are found The Archbishopricks of Magdebourg Magdebourg Halle in Saxony Breme Breme Stade The Bishopricks of Ferden Hiddelsheira Halberstat And to the Archbishopr of Mayence the Country of Eychfeld Dudderstat Divers Dutchies the chief of which are Holstein or Holsacia Kyel Segeberg Gluckstad Lunebourg Luneburg Celle Harbourg Danneberg Brunswick Brunswick Wolfenbuttel Grunbenhagen Limbeck Gottingen Gottingue Lawenbourg Lawenbourg Hadler Mecklenbourg Wismar Rostock Scierin or Schwerin Gustraw Imperial Cities among which are Lubeck Hambourg Stoade The Estates of the Crown of BOHEMIA are The Kingdom of BOHEMIA under which ought to be understood BOHEMIA as it is divided into Fifteen Provinces where are Forty and three Royal Cities to wit in the Provinces of Pregensko where is Prague Caurzimsko where are Caurzim Coln Bohmish-Broda Hradecsko Kralow-Hradecz G. Kinigingretz Jaromirz Bydchaff Trantnow G. Konighoff Krabedur Chrudimsko Chrudim Bamberg G. Paumberg Hohemauth Policzka Craslawsko Hora G. Cuttemberg Czaslaw Brechynsko Budiejowize G. Budweiss Tabor Pelhrzimow Teyn suv Wultaw Wltawsko Sedlezany Podbredsko Beraun G. Bern. Prachensko Piseck Suschitz Wodnany Prachatitz Pilsensko Pilsen Klataw Strzibro G. Meisf Domazliez G. Tauss Rockissan Ziatecsko Ziatecz G. Satz Most Launy G. Bruck Cadan Commota Rakownicsko Rakonick Slansko Slaneywreh G. Sehlan Welwary Litomierziesko Litomierz Leitomeritz Auski Melnick Boleslawsko Nymburg Boleslaw G. Jung Bunozel And the Quarters of Hebsko Heb. G. Egra Loketsko Loket G. Elnbogen Glatzko Glatz The Provinces incorporated to the Kingdom of BOHEMIA to wit The Dutchy of SILESKA as it is divided into Three Dutchies Fifteen Principalities and Four Baronies viz. Gros Glogaw Dutchy Gros Glogaw Sprottaw Freystadt Crossen Dutchy Crossen Slagan Dutchy Sagan Jawer Principality Jawer Lemberg Buntslaw Hirschberg Lignitz Princip Lignitz Goldberg Wohlaw Princ. Wohlaw Olsze Principality Olsze Bernstadt Principality Bernstadt Breslaw Princ. Breslaw Namslaw Schweidnitz Principality Schweidnitz Brieg Princ. Brieg Olaw Monsterberg Princ. Monsterberg Neiss or Grotkaw Princ. Neiss Grotkaw Zuckmantel Oppelen Princ. Oppelen Newstadt Klein Glogaw Ratibor Principality Ratibor Jegerndorff Princ. Jegerndorff or Carnow Lubschitz Troppaw Princ. Troppaw Teschen Principality Teschen Among the Baronies are Wartenberg Pless The Marquisate of MORAVIA as it may be divided into the Dutchies of Olmutz Brinn Znaim Their Cities are Olmutz Brinn Znaim Jglaw Hardisch Newstadt Kremsit Krumlow Meseritz Niclasburg Polna Weiskirth The Marquisate of LUSACE or LUSATIA now engaged to the Duke of Saxony is divided into the Higher Lusatia Baudissen or Pautzen Gorlitz Sittaw Lawben Camentz Liebaw Lower â—usatia Soraw Guben Cotbus The House of AUSTRICHE or AUSTRIA in divers Branches and Titles possessed and lying within and near GERMANY to wit AUSTRICHE or AUSTRIA under the name of which may be understood The Archbishoprick of Austriche Vienna Crems Lintz The Dutchy of Stirie Grecz Pruck Carinthie St. Veit Lavemunde Grucz or Straspurg Carniole Laubach The County of Cilley Cilley The Marquisate of Vinde or Vindishmarch Metlin And towards Italy the County of Gorice Gorice Gradisque and part of Istrie Triefte Pedena The Kingdom of HUNGARIE or HONGRIE in part where are In the higher Hungarie Presbourg or Poson Sopron or Oedenbourg Raab or Javarin Comore Fileck Cassau Tokay Varadin In the higher Esclavione Zagrab or Agram Copronitza In the higher Croacie Sisseg And in the Morlaquie Senâ— pr. Senia St. Veit am Flaum The Kingdom of BOHEMIA and the Estates incorporated to Bohemiâ— to wit The Kingdom of Bohemia Prague Cutrenberg Pilsen Coâ—â—â—gracz Rudweis The Dutchy of Silesie Breslau Lignitz Neisse Gros Glogau The Marquisates of Lusacia Baudissen Gorlltz Sittau Sorau Moravia Olmutz Brinne Znaym The County of Glarz Glarz The Signieury of Egra Egra or Heb TIROL under the name of which are The Counties of Tirol Inspruck Hall Cufstain Veldkirck or Feldkirck Bregentz Bregentz The Protection of the Bishopricks of Trente Brixen In SOVABIA the Marquisate of Burgau Burgau Guntzbourg County of Hohenberg Rotenbourg Ehingen Horb City of Yillengen Lantgraviat of Nellenbourg Stockach In SUISSE or SWITZERLAND the County of Rhinselden Rhinselden Lauffenbourg City of Waldshout County of Hapspurg or Habsbourg Protection of the Cities of Constance Celle Within or near the Grisous Castelz Pludentz In ALSATIA or ALSACE the County of Pfirt or Ferrette Altkirck Part of Sungou Tannes Befo rt Langraviat of the higher Alsatia Enfisheim Keisersperg Heiligen Creutz Part of Brisgou Fribourg in Brisgou Brisac Newenbourg The Palatinate of the RHINE in part where are many Cities among the which Oppenheim Franckendal BOURGOGNE in part to wit the County of Bourgogne where are Dole Gray Salins The Catholick LOW COUNTRY for the most
remaining nothing but Ruins Four miles from which there was another City built by Lysimachus one of Alexanders Captains which from other Cities there adjoyning was peopled by him called Alexandria or Troas Alexandria or New Troy in honour of Alexander the Great who begun the Work which though not so great rich and famous as the first yet was the Metropolis of the Province but now by the Turks quite ruinated by their carrying the Stones and Pillars to Constantinople for the beautifying of their Bashaws Houses 3. Sigaeum the Port-Town to Troy 4. Assus called by Pliny Apollonia in which place the Earth will consume the Bodies of the Dead in 40 days 5. Lyrnessus opposite to the Isle of Lesbos destroyed by Achilles and the Greeks in the beginning of the Trojan War The Province of Paphlagonia and its Cities PAPHLAGONIA hath for its chief Cities 1. Gangra remarkable for a Council there held in the Primitive times called Synodus Gangrensis 2. Pompeiopolis so called by Pompey the Great And 3. Coniata or Conica fortified by Mithridates when he was Master of this Country The Province of Lycaonia and its chief places LYCAONIA bounded on the East with Armenia Minor The most eminent places in this Country are 1. Iconium now Cogni the Regal Seat of the Aladine Kings a place of great strength whose scituation is in the Mountains advantagious for defence and safety 2. Lystra famous for the Birth-place of Timothy and where Paul and Barnabas having healed a Cripple were adored for Mercury and Jupiter And 3. Derbe where the said Apostle preached The Province of Pisidia and its chief places PISIDIA hath for its chief places 1. Seleucia built by Seleucus 2. Sagalassa scituate in the most fruitful part of this Country 3. Selge a Colony of the Lacedemonians And 4. Termessus strongly seated This Country was famous for the Battel fought betwixt Cyrus and Artaxerxes where Cyrus lost his life and the Victory out of which Xenophon made that notable Retreat with his Grecians in the despight of 20000 Men which pursued him Armenia Minor and its Cities ARMENIA MINOR is bounded on the East with the Euphrates which separates it from Armenia Major Cities of hote viz. 1. Meteline the Metropolitan City now called Suur abounding in great quantities of Wine and Oil. 2. Nicopolis built by Pompey in remembrance of a Victory he there obtained against the Forces of Tygranes King of Syrid 3. Garnasa a strong Town 4. Oromandus and 5. Arabyssus remarkable for the exile of St. Chrysostom Patriarch of Constantinople confined here by the malice of the Empress Eudoxia This Country as to its fertility pleasantness c. is the same as Cappadocia afore-mentioned The Province of Mysia and its chief places MYSIA hath for its chief places 1. Cyzicus seated in the Propontis in an Island of the same name but so near the Continent that it is joyned to it by two Bridges The Metropolis of the Consular Hellespont a place of great strength and beauty whose Walls Bulwarks Towers and Haven were made of Marble 3. Adramyttium where Paul took Shipping to go to Rome And 4. Pergamus seated in a goodly Plain on the Banks of the River Caicus a place of great strength beautified with a Library of about 200000 Volumes or Manuscripts all writ in Parchment famous also for those costly Hangings known to us by Tapestry Here was one of the 7 Churches of Asia to which St. John writ his Revelation and lastly famous for the Birth-place of Galen the eminent Physician who lived to the Age of 140 years in good health Mountains in Anatolia worthy of note The Mountains and Rivers in Anatolia may have somewhat in particular observed of them Mount Taurus begins between Lysia and Caria and extends it self all the length of Asia being a continual Ridge of Hills running through Asia from West to East which for its length height and the branches it casts forth on one side and the other the greatest and most famous Mountain in the World On Mount Ida the Trojan Paris judged of the Beauty of Juno Pallas and Venus and giving the Golden Apple to the last drew on himself and his Friends the enmity of the other two On the Mountain Tmole in Lydia Midas having esteemed Pan's Pipe to be more pleasant than the Harp of Apollo was by him pulled by the Ears not to make them greater but so hard as gave occasion to the Poets to jeer him and say that he had Asses Ears This Mountain is very fruitful especially in Vines and Saffron On Cragus was feigned to be the Monster Chimera which Bellerophon made tractable On Latmus in Caria passed the Loves of the Moon and Endymion c. Amongst the Rivers Rivers Pactolus hath rouled down so much Gold in its Streams since Midas washed there that the Riches of Croesus and others are come from thence The Granick was witness of the Victory of Alexander the Great against the Satrapes of Darius but Alexander washing himself in the cold waters of Cidnus had near lost his life The River Acheron and the Lake Acherusia near Heraclia in Bithynia are esteemed to reach to Hell and that this way Hercules brought up the Villain Cerberus Halys at present Lali served for the bounds and limits between the Kingdom of Croesus and the Empire of the Persians but it proved fatal to Croesus c. Things worthy of note in Asia Minor There are many other things observable about and within the lesser Asia The Bosphorus of Thrace or Channel of the Black-Sea or Streight of Constantinople is so narrow that Darius Hystaspes built a Bridge over it and passed with his Troops over it from Asia into Europe to make War against the Scythians Xerxes the Son of Darius did as much over the Hellespont or Streight of Gallipoli or the Dardanelles which we call the Castles of Sestos and Abydos which are seated three Leagues above the entrance and at the narrowest place of the Hellespont opposite each to other Formerly famous for the unfortunate Loves of Hero and Leander drowned in the merciless Surges Here also Xerxes whose populous Army drank Rivers dry and made Mountains circumnavigable is said to have passed over into Greece on a Bridge of Boats Sestos is strongly seated on the side of a Mountain descending to the Sea on the European shoar Abydos on a low Level on the Asian shoar The Amaniden Streights or Passes of Mount Aman between Cilicia and Syria are easie to keep the Way for about 2500 Paces being between Rocks and Crags the Feet of which are washed with many streams which fall off from the Mountains Here it was that Alexander the Great vanquished Darius The ISLANDS about ASIA MINOR THe ISLANDS about ASIA MINOR have been very remarkable to Antiquity though not so at present Islands They are almost in the Archipelago some in the Mediterranean Sea almost none in the Black Sea yet at the entrance into that
border upon the Mediterranean and farther into that Ocean This City is the ordinary residence of a Turkish Bassa who commands all the Country from Alexandretta to the Euphrates 4. Aman or Ama seated between Tripoli and Aleppo in the midst of a great Plain encompassed on all sides with very pleasant Hills abounding in Grains Wines with abundance of Orchards stored with varieties of Fruits and Palm-Trees It is almost encompassed with the River Orontes and with a great Lake the Gardens are watered with many Channels drawn from the Rivers there are very excellent Pastures so that Seleucus Nicanor there fed 500 Elephants 30000 Horses and a great part of his Militia And to this day this City is the best peopled of all Syria next to Aleppo and Damascus 5. Emsa or Hemz seated in the spacious and fruitful Plain of Apamene watered with many pleasant Streams which for its Scituation is almost the same with that of Aman and because the Arabes call it Hamsi and that name comes somewhat near to Hus some Authors will have it to be the Country of the Patient Job 6. Aradus seated in a Rocky Island of a mile in compass just opposite to the Mouth of the River Eleutherus which from the Continent is distant not above a League 7. Seleucus so called from him as being the Founder of it who was esteemed the greatest Builder in the World founding 9 Cities of this Name 16 in memory of his Father Antiochus six bearing the name of his Mother Laodice and three in remembrance of his first Wife Apamia besides several others worthy of note in Greece and Asia either repaired beautified or built by him 8. Laodicea built by Seleucus as aforesaid abounding in excellent Wine and choice Fruits 9. Larissa now Laris seated four Leagues Southwards of Laodicea much noted in the Stories of the Holy Wars 10. Hierapolis a City of great note in Ancient times for their Idolatry in adoring and worshipping the Syrian goddess The Temple was built by Stratonice wife to Seleucus in the midst of the City encompassed with a double Wall about 300 Fathom in height the Roof thereof in-laid with Gold and built with such sweet Wood that the Cloaths of those which came thither were as it were perfumed Without the Temple were places for the keeping of their Oxen and other of their Beasts for Sacrifice as also a Lake of about 200 Fathom in depth for the preservation of their sacred Fishes The Priests besides other subservient Ministers which here attended were about 300 in number 11. Zeugma seated on the Banks of the Euphrates Here it was that Alexander the Great with his Army passed over on a Bridge of Boats 12. Heraclea nigh to which Minerva had a Temple where for a Sacrifice they used once a year to offer a Virgin which afterwards was changed to a Hart. 13. Samosat seated near the Banks of the Euphrates over which the was a Bridge which served for a passage to Mesopotamia In this City was born Paulus Samosatenus Patriarch of Antioch who for his teaching that our Saviour was not the Son of God was in a Council here held condemned of Heresie 14. Palmyre at present Faid seated in a Desart and Sandy Plain was built by Solomon in the Wilderness where one their Kings Odenat and his wife Zenobia have been well known for their Victories divers times gained against the Parthians and for endeavouring to gain the Empire of the East 15. Resapha a Town of great note in the Holy Scripture And 16. Adida memorable for the Victory that Aretas K. of Arabia obtained against Alexander K. of Jewry PHOENICIA Phoenicia bounded and its Cities c. described PHOENICIA hath for its Eastern and Southern Bounds Palestine for its Western the Mediterranean Sea and for its Northern Syria Propria This Country was adorned with several great and beautiful Cities though of no great extent For the most part seated on the Sea-shoar which makes it much frequented by Merchants there being several good Commodities found therein as Corn Oil Hony excellent Balm c. The People were here held to be very ingenious and active Places of most note are 1. Tyre at present Sor or Sour seated in a Plain so advantagious that is on a Rock almost quite encompassed with the Sea that it oft disputed the Priority with Sidon and in the end gained it Nebuchadonozor ruined it after a Siege of 14 years then Alexander the Great after a Siege of 7 or 8 months It was many times restored to its power and splendor by means of its Purple and of its Trade and when it was in its glory it might be said That if only its scituation were considered it was a Fortress if its Traffick a Mart if its Magnificence a Royal-Court and if its Riches the Treasure of the Universe The Cities of Carthage Vtica Leptis and others in Africa and of Cadiz in Spain without the Streights were its Colonies And some have adventured to say America was peopled by them It s Haven is likewise the best of all Phoenicia and the Levant 2. Sidon at present Sayd and sometimes Sayette hath been much esteemed in the Ancientest of times It was built or at least took its name from Sidon the eldest Son of the Children of Canaan scituate upon a Rock along the Coast of the Sea and with a fair Port. The Neighbouring Champain is very fertil and watered with divers Streams which descend from Libanus with which they watered and enriched their pleasant Orchards It hath been very famous for Arts and Sciences and particularly for being the first Authors of Arithmetick and Astronomy The first Inventers of Letters the first Navigators and Builders of Ships the first Inventers of Glasses and the first that exercised Arms. From hence it was that Solomon and Zorobabel had their principal Workmen both for Stone and Timber which were employed in the building of the Temple It hath Peopled divers Colonies among others Thebes in Boeotia The Persians were the first that ruin'd it after them others and at last the Turks who at present are Masters of it as also of Tyre The present Sidon is built somewhat West of the Old but of small note in respect to the splendor of the Old yet still hath some Trade The chief Commodities being Corn Galls Wools Cottons Cotton-Yarn white Silk and Wax 3. Damascus called by those of the Country Scham seated in a very fruitful Plain and begirt about with curious and odoriferous Gardens and Orchards which abound in all sorts of pleasant and delightful Fruits watered with the River Chrysorrhous which sendeth forth many Rivulets by which the whole City is so well furnished that not only most Houses have their Fountains but also their Gardens and Orchards receive the benefit of the cool Streams which gently glide through them The fertility of the Country The whole Country round about being enriched with plenty of excellent Vines which beareth Grapes all the year long as also
Ebony so curiously wrought in winding knots that it may sooner stay than satisfie the eyes of the Beholder To which stately Structure there is joyned a no less pleasant and delightful Garden wherein are no less then 1000 several Fountains Brooks and Rivolets furnished with store and variety of curious Fruits together with what else may make a place delightful The great place of the City is before the Palace where the Sophy ordinarily resides The Fruits in and about this City are the best in the World their Vines yield in nothing to those of the Canaries Their Horses and Mules are fair and good their Camels so strong that they carry almost twice as much as those of other places They have permitted in this City some Monasteries of Christians as of Carmelites Augustine Fryars Capuchins and others The Inhabitants of this City negotiate their affairs on Horse-back Hispahan and its Commodities The Inhabitants do all their affairs on Hors-back as well publick as private in the buying and vending of their Commodities But the Slaves never ride which makes the difference betwixt them This City being the residence of the Sophy and being inhabited by so many eminent persons which always attend this Monarch makes it to have a great Trade and be much frequented by Merchants almost from all places as English Dutch Portugals Arabians Indians Turks Jews Armenians c. whereby it is furnished not only with all the Native Commodities of Persia as Gold and Silver Raw Silk in such great quantity that they furnish most part of the East as also other places some Drugs and Spices Wine Fruits c. Also sundry curious Manufactures as Carpets Arras-work Hangings c. Cloth of Gold and Silver Fine Cotton Cloths with several other Commodities which are here made but also with those of Arabia India China and Turky which hither are brought in exchange for theirs by Caravans or Camels Dromedaries and Mules by reason they want the benefit of the Sea They had formerly the benefit of several good Ports as Tauris and Balsora but now in the custody of the Grand Seignior together with some others The Ports that they now enjoy and make use of are Ormus and Jasques In this City is erected a Column or Pillar composed of the Heads or Skulls of Men and Beasts being about twenty foot in circumference at the Basis and exalting it self near sixty foot in height Now the reason of erecting of this terrible and horrid Column and Monument was this The People surfeiting with Luxury through their Pride and Impudence denied their duty to their Soveraign not only in refusing to contribute a small sum of money being towards the extirpation of the Turks and Tartars who did much annoy the Kingdom but also audaciously opposed his entrance whereupon he vowed revenge And having made a forcible entrance in his rage fired a great part of the City pillaged each House and in two days he put to the Sword near 30000 and to terrifie others erected a Column or Pillar of their Heads Province of Chorazan its chief Cities Commodities c. The Province of CHORAZAN is the greatest of all Persia some divide it into Cohazan Chorazan and Chowarazan which others esteem to be the same It hath every where a great number of brave Cities as Kahen on Kayem which yields great store of Saffron 2. Thou abounds in Silk Manufactures 3. Mesched or Mexat is the chief of Chorazan and shews the Tombs of many Persian Kings It is about twelve miles in compass and hath about 100000 Inhabitants It s Territory is fertile its Inhabitants well made strong and warlike 4. Herat is likewise called Salgultzar that is The City of Roses it producing greater quantities then any City in the World besides It yields likewise Rhubarbe and Vines which last a long time and so much Silk that there are sometimes 3 or 4000 Camels loaden in one day 5. Nichabour so near to Rhoemus that some conceive it belonging to it others make it a particular Province The City hath been much better peopled then now it is Tamerlane here and hereabouts put to death in one day about 400000 persons 6. Bouregian is near a great Lake of the same name This Lake receives many Rivers but like the Caspian Sea sends not one to the Ocean But let us return to the more Southerly parts of Persia we will say nothing here of Yerack since the Turk at present holds it with several others Province of chusistan it s chief places c. The Province of CHVSISTAN answers to the Ancient Susiana the Soyl is so fruitful that it often yields 100 or 200 for one Its Cities are Souster Ardgan Hawecz Asker-Moukeran and others 1. Souster is the Ancient Susa Here the Prophet Daniel had the Vision concerning the determination of the Persinn Monarchy and the beginning of the Grecian and where Ahasuerus kept his great Feast which continued 183 days for his Princes and Lords imitated to this day by the Sultans of Persia who do annually entertain their Nobles where Ahasuerus kept his Court when Esther demanded grace in favour of the Jews an dt here where Mordecai was exalted to the place and charge of Haman who was hanged on the same Gibbet which he prepared for Mordecai The Persians observe great Feasts It is held that the ancient Palace was built by Memnon Son of Tithonus who in the Trojan Wars was slain by the Thessalans of the spoyls of the Great Thebes in Egypt and that with such expence and magnificence that the stones were bound together with Gold but whether this be true or false without doubt it was very rich for it is said that Alexander found here 50000 Talents of uncoyned Gold besides Silver Wedges and Jewels of an inestimable value This City is of about 25000 paces in circumference and is the residence of the Sophy in the Winter season 2. Ardgan a fair City on the borders of this Province and not far from Hispahan 3. Hawecz called by the Arabian of Nubia Ahuaz and made chief of the Cities of Chusistan which he calls Churdistan He places next to it Askar-Mocran alias Askar-Moukeran on the River Mesercan where there was a Bridge supported by twenty Boats 4. Tostar with a River of the same name And 5. Saurac with some other The heats in these parts in the Summer season are so great especially towards the South part of the Mountain that the Inhabitans are forced to forsake the Cities and retire themselves into the Mountains for coolness Province of Fars its chief places fertility c. The Province of FARS or FARC formerly Persia now a particular Province hath a great number of large rich and beautiful Cities As 1. Chirdef which is said to be about 20000 paces in circumference where sometimes the Sophy hath made his residence scituate in a large and pleasant Plain well built and beautified with fair Gardens and magnificent Mosques Two of which are larger than
having no places worthy of note SORET is seated between the Kingdoms of Tatta on the West Soret of Guzurate on the East It hath for its chief City Janagar the Province is but of little extent but very fruitful rich and well Peopled Cassimere Bankish Kakares Naugracut CASSIMERE or QVERIMVR BANKISH KAKARES and NAVGRACVT are between the River Indus and Ganges all encompassed with the Mountains of Bimber towards the Indus of Naugracut towards the Ganges of Caucasus towards Tartaria of Dalanguer which crosses them and separates the one from the other and they the Forests of these Mountains which yielded so much Wood for the Vessels which Alexander the Great caused to be builded to descend the Indus And these are at present those Forrests which give so much divertisement of chase to the Great Mogoll Sizinaket or Sirinakar though unwalled is the chief City of Cassimere Beishar of Bankish Dankalar and Purhola of Kakares and Naugracut of Naugracut In this last the Temple of the Idol Marta is paved Wanscotted and Seiled with Plates of Gold And in Callamacka there are Fountains very cold and near to Rocks from whence seem to flash out flames of fire The Province of SIBA hath for its chief City Hardware Siba which gives its rise to the River Ganges and Serenegar on the River Mansa The Province of JAMBA gives name to its chief City Jamba The Province of BAKAR lieth on the West of the Ganges Bakar and hath for its chief City Bikaner The Province of SAMBAL takes its name from its chief City so called Sambal This Province is likewise called Doab that is two Waters its scituation being between the Ganges and Semena which together with the three Provinces last mentioned are without or on this side the Ganges reaching almost from its Spring-head unto the River Semena or Gemeni The Province of GOR takes its name from its chief City Gor. and gives its rise to the River Perselis which falls into the Ganges the Province being very Mountainous The Province of KANDVANA hath for its chief City Karakantaka Kanduana This Province and that of Gor which is beyond the Ganges doth end the Estates of the Mogoll towards the North meeting with the Tartars of Turquestan The Province of MEVAT is very barren whose chief City is Narval Mevat which ends it towards the People called Maug and others which we esteem to be in the Peninsula of India which is in the Ganges The Province of VDESSA Udessa is the utmost of the Mogolls Territories towards the East which is also within the Ganges its chief place is Jebanac The Province of PITAN is on the West of Jamba Pitan being very Mountainous whose chief City gives name to the Province The River Randa runs through the City and Province and falls into the Ganges The Province of PATNA is fruitful whose chief City is so called Patna seated on the River Persely but we have a very feeble and incertain knowledge of all these Parts or Kingdoms but those which are towards the South and particularly Guzurate or Cambaya and Bengala are better known Gusurate or Cambaya exceeding rich and fertil The Province of GVSVRATE by the Portuguese called the Kingdom of CAMBAYA hath more than 30 great Trading Cities and is without doubt the noblest greatest richest and most powerful Province of all the Mogolls Country yielding a yearly Revenue of 15 or 20 Millions of Gold and its King hath brought into the Field 150000 Horse and 500000 Foot 1000 Camels c. The Country likewise is esteemed the most fertil of all India producing all sorts of Grains Fruits and living Creatures quantity of Drugs Its Commodities and Trade Spices and precious Stones not having any Mines of Gold or Silver but three Plants which bring it an inestimable quantity as well from the Gulph of Persia and the Red Sea as from all the Coasts of India and China These Plants are Cotton Anniseed and Opium besides which there are varieties of other rich Commodities as Oil Sugar Indico Ambergreece Soap Comfits Medicinal Drugs Paper Wax Hony Butter Salt-Peter Manufactures of Cotton Linnen-Cloth Carpets Cabinets Coffers Cases with a thousand other curiosities which its Inhabitants know how to make and sell being the ablest Merchants of India Its Inhabitants They are likewise of a good Spirit and addicted to Letters serve themselves of all sorts of Arms yet know nothing of Nobility but by abundance of Riches They are all Pagans or Mahometans The Pagans for the most part are Pythagoreans holding the immortality of the Soul Pythagoreans and that it passes from one body to another for which reason they so much honour Beasts that they eat them not but keep Hospitals to receive such as are sick and lame The Cows here are in such esteem with them that a Merchant Banian according to the report of Texera spent 10 or 12 thousand Ducats at a Nuptial marrying his Cow with his Friends Bull. This Kingdom is in part Peninsula between the Gulphs of the Indies and Cambaya and in part on the Main which stretches it self towards Decan It s extent by Sea This Province though of a large extent yet hath above 120 Leagues of Sea-Coast on which it hath several fair and rich Cities and of a good Trade As also great quantities of Inland Towns and Cities the chiefest whereof are viz. Surat Surat seated on the River Tapta which falls into the Sea 12 miles below the City It is a City no less great and rich than populous and famous and enjoyeth as great a Trade as any City in India being much frequented by the English and Dutch where they have their Presidents and Factories and where they have their Houses for the negotiation of their affairs which are spacious and well built This City is built four square its Houses flat after the Persian mode and reasonably beautiful having the benefit of pleasant Gardens It hath several Mosques but none deserves commendation it is defended by a strong Castle and hath a strong Wall on all sides except on that which is seated on the River and for its entrance hath three Gates Its Port is six miles from the City where the Ships are unladen and the Commodities brought to the City by Land The Inhabitants are either Benjans Bramans or Mogolls but there are several other Nations which here reside as Persians Turks Arabians Armenians Jews c. driving a Trade but none comparable to the English or Dutch It s other places of note are 1. Brodra Brodra seated on a sandy Plain upon a small River well fortified with Walls and Forts the Inhabitants being for the most part Dyers Weavers and other workers of Cottons for which it is the chiefest place in the whole Province The Governour of this City hath also under its Jurisdiction about 210 Towns and Villages Baroche 2. Baroche 12 Leagues from Surat and 8
Diamonds Pearls and other precious Stones Above the place where this Throne standeth is a Gallery where he sheweth himself everyday and receiveth the complaints of those who have received any injury but they must be sure to prove it else he runs a great hazard of his life to trouble him vainly But in his inner Lodgings there is no person to enter save the Eunuchs who wait upon the Ladies in his Seraglia which is about 1000. Among the several fair Structures which are within this great inclosure there is one great Tower rich without being covered with Gold but not to compare to the wealth within in which are 8 spacious Vaults which are filled with Gold Silver and Precious Stones of an Inestimable value Province of Agra This City of Agra gives name to a Province or Kingdom which is of a fertile Soyl and well peopled and frequented and ows its beauty and enlargement to Ekebar Emperor of the Mogolls The Palace of the Great Mogol as I said before is of 2 Leagues circuit the other Palaces of Princes and Lords which are also seated along the River stretching towards the North are all proudly built but not of so large an extent that of the Great Mogolls being the fairest richest and most magnificent of all the East On the other side is the City of Secandra about 2 Leagues long almost all inhabited by Merchants Fetipore that is Desire accomplished 12 Leagues from Agra and towards the West is likewise one of the works of Ekebar who having obtained Children to succeed his Estates caused this place to be built for pleasure with a very stately Palace and Musqueito or Temple but its ill Waters have caused it to be abandoned Biana to the West of Fetipore hath the best Wood of all India Scanderbad on the West of Bayana hath been the Residence of some Kings and the Castle above it is very advantagiously scituated where Xa Selim kept himself till such time as Ekebar had streightly besieged him and forced him to retire into the Mountains The name of this place and likewise this of Secandra directly opposite to Agra retain something of the name of Alexander Province of Lahor The Province of LAHOR or PENGAB is large very fertile in all sorts of Fruits and Grains which makes it considerable its chief City bears the name of the Province and I believe this City to be the same with Alexandria Bucephalus which Alexander the Great built and named of his name and that of his Horse Bucephalus The Ancients place it by the River Hydaspes which may at present be Bowey The City hath been so much enlarged by Xa Selim that it contains 24 Leagues of circuit It is very pleasantly seated especially towards the River on which it hath many delightful Gardens Its Fortress is good is adorned with many stately Palaces and great Houses where their Nobles and persons of quality reside among others that of the Kings which is though seated within the City yet separated from it with a high Wall being magnificent and adorned with great quantities of fair Pictures Here is also by reason the Inhabitants are Mahometans abundance of Mosques and Bathing-places for their ordinary purifications which is a ceremony much used amongst them Here it is by many thought that Noah seated himself after his coming out of the Ark and likewise that from hence Ophir and Havilah Sons of Joktan removed towards the Ganges and Malacca This Province is esteemed one of the most pleasant Countreys in all India being so well shaded with Mulberry and other Trees whose verdure is no less delightful to the eye of the beholder then refreshing to the wearied Traveller under whose Boughs he may rest and shade himself from the shallure of the Sun At Fetipore not far from Lahor the Sultan Gansron the Son of Selim but a Rebel was by his Father defeated from whence the place had its name which signifies Desire accomplished As the other Fetipore near Agra was built by Ekebar after having obtained Children to succeed him in his Estates This Countrey bears the name of Peng-ab that is five Waters by reason it is watred with five different Rivers Province of Delly The Province of DELLY gives name to its capital City which is on the Road from Lahor to Agra watred by the River Gemini or Semena Before the Mogolls descended into all these quarters the Kings of India made it their Residence were here Crowned and here had their Tombs There are yet found some very fair Obelisques believed to have been erected in the time of Alexander the Great and the Greeks Kingdom of Bengala The Kingdom of BENGALA occupies all the lower part of the Ganges and may be divided into three parts Prurop on this side the Ganges Patan beyond it The particular name of Bengala may be given to that which lies between the Branches of the Ganges and along the Coast This Kingdom hath been divided into 12 Provinces which have been so many Kingdoms and which took their names from their principal Cities but we have no certain knowledg either of their names or situations Bengala likewise is placed by some between the Branches of the Ganges by others beyond it Some esteem Chatigan its chief City when as others will have it to be Goura on the Ganges higher in the Land and more then 100 Leagues from the Sea However it be Bengala is of so great Traffick and so rich that the Kingdom and Gulf of Ganges on which it is at present is called the Kingdom and Gulf of Bengala The City of Chatigan is pleasantly seated on a fair and large River whose imbosure is not far distant from that of the Ganges This River hath so fierce a Current that Boats and Vessels without the help of Sails or Oars are driven in 24 hours about 100 Miles so that those who have no occasion to pass up and down this River are forced to fasten their Vessels to certain Trees or other things which are for the same purpose fixed along the shore By which means they are sheltered from the violence of the Tides which else would spoyl them Here are several other Cities as Ragmehel Daca Banara Tanda Patana Holobasse on the joyning of Gemini and Ganges is one of the fairest and greatest Cities of India and I esteem it in the place of the Ancient Palibothra where the streams of the Jomanes and Ganges do meet with other Cities of less note The extent of Bengala This Kingdom of Bengala extends it self 300 Leagues from East to West and sometimes 200 from North to South having no less then 150 Leagues of Coast which is much frequented by Merchants of several Countries which hither come for their Commodities which by reason of the temperatness of the Air and the fertility of the Countrey do here abound The Inhabitants are courteous Its Inhabitants but deceivers Their Kings have been esteemed as rich and as powerful as any in India Province
on the side of a lofty Mountain which regards the Sea now the chief City of this Province Its Streets and Houses are in good order it is adorned with many sumptuous Mosques some Monasteries and Colledges for Students in the Law of Mahomet and many fair Hospitals for the relief of the Poor Its Castle is good and strong seated on the River Guad al Quibir that is Great River 2. Ghegel formerly famous is now only a Borough of 500 ill-built Houses It s Castle is very good its Land hath little Corn store of Hemp Figs and Nuts They hold this place to have been the beginning of the fortune of Barbarossa 3. Labez makes a separate Estate above Bugia and consists only in Mountains of so difficult access that the Kings of Algier and the Turks can scarce force them to pay Tribute The chief Fortress of these Mountains and the residence of their King or Xeque is Calaa The others are 4. Coco de Teleta 5. Tezli at the foot of the Mountain These Mountains have little Corn or Fruit they can raise 5000 Horse 5000 Harquebusiers and 20000 Men armed after their mode all valiant and better defenders of their liberty than those of Couco 6. Necaus 7. Mesila are beyond the Abez but near the same River Necaus is the most pleasant place of all Barbary It hath something of particular in its publick Buildings every House hath its Garden so embellished with Flowers Vines Fruits and Fountains that it seems a Terrestrial Paradise 8. Chollum 9. Gergelum c. Province of Constantina its parts and chief places The Province of CONSTANTINA hath sometime had its Kings This is the New Numidia of the Ancients the most Occidental part of the True Africa and which touches on Mauritania to the West the River Sugefmar making the separation This Province comprehends three quarters of which that of Constantina extends to the Sea and a good way in the Land that of Bona likewise on the Sea but little on land that of Tebessa is farther in the Land touching on Billedulgerid 1. Tebessa formerly Thebeste The City of Tebessa surpasses as they say all other Cities of Barbary in three things In the force of its Walls beauty of its Fountains and great number of its Wall-nut Trees In counter-change its Inhabitants are brutish its Houses ill built and its Air unwholsom 2. Bona of old Hippo Regnis ill inhabited at present The City of Bona. part of its Inhabitants being retired into the Mountains hath been famous to Antiquity for its greatness but much more for its Bishop St. Augustine so famed among the Doctors of the Church It hath suffered great changes under the Romans Vandals Moors and afterwards under Barbarossa 3. Tabarca a City and Isle is of this Government likewise the Hills and Mountains of Bona where are gathered much Fruits of Jujubes Grains and store of Cattle and the Coast hath red white and black Corral which the French near to Bona and the Genouese near to Tabarca go to fish for The Family of the Lomolins in Genoua having a Fortress in the Isle of Tabarca the French a Bastion between Tabarca and the Point of Mascara the one and the other for the security of their Fishing and Commerce 4. Constantina The City of Constantina which the Moors called Cusuntina the Ancients Cirta Julia is a great City not having less than 8000 Houses It s scituation on a Mountain which hath but two Advenues the rest being Precipice makes it strong The River Sufegmar washes the foot of the Mountain its Castle stands to the North Collo and Sucaicada on the Coast are under the Government of Constantina likewise the Mountains which extend themselves to the Mediterranean Sea and to the confines of Bona. The Country about Constantina is fertil its Mountains tilled Collo hath its Inhabitants more civil than those of Constantina those having no trade but with those of Billedulgerid the others with those of Europe The Inhabitants of the Mountains can raise about 40000 Men and maintain themselves almost in liberty both against the Kings of Algier and the Arabs 5. Cirta in the Roman History was the residence of many Kings of Numidia The City of Cirta among others of Massinissa afterward of Syphax who drove Massinissa from his Estates and settled himself at Cirta with his Wife Sophonisba who had been promised to Massinissa This Woman a little after having perswaded Syphax to favour Carthage of which she was against the Romans drew their Arms into his Estate where Scipio defeated and took Syphax Prisoner Massinissa besieged and took Cirta where Sophonisba was who had so many attractions and so much cunning that in the same day she beheld her self Captive and Wife to Massinissa But she killed her self soon after that she might not fall into the Romans hands and be led in Triumph through Rome 6. Stora and 7. Mabra both Maritim Towns The Kingdom of TUNIS The Kingdom of Tunis and its division Into Governments THE Kingdom of TVNIS besides its particular Province hath sometimes extended it self over Constantina and Bugia on one side and over Tripoli and Ezzab on the other At present it hath only its own Province and something in Billedulgerid This Kingdom of Tunis is divided into 4 Maritim Governments and 3 or 4 Inland ones The Maritim are Biserta Goletta Sousa and Africa Begge Vrbs Cayroan and part of Billedulgerid are the third or fourth within Land Altogether extend themselves from the River Guad il Barbar unto that of Capes this separating them from the Kingdom of Tripoli the other from the Province of Constantina The chief Rivers of Tunis The River Guad il Barbar or Hued il Barbar takes its source near Vrbs which it waters with a Channel made on purpose and discharges it self into the Sea near Tabarca In its course it makes so many turnings and windings that it must be passed 25 times in the Road between Bona and Tunis and that with much difficulty and danger there being no Bridges and scarce any Boats to Ferry over The River Capes of old Triton descends from Billedulgerid and waters at first a very Sandy Country leaves Capes on the Right and on the Coast of Tripoli and disburthens it self into the Little Syrtes now the Gulph of Capes Magrada another River hath its Spring likewise in Billedulgerid on the Confines of Zeb which it waters in part washes Tebessa of the Province of Constantina cuts the Kingdom of Tunis into two almost equal parts and disburthens it self in the Sea near Garilmesse between Tunis and Hammamet Its increases are sometimes extraordinary and all of a sudden so that Travellers are often forced to wait some days for a passage The Government or City of Benserta BENSERTA of old Vtica is a City but of an indifferent greatness but strong and peopled with about 6000 Families It looks Eastward on a Gulph so called which is about 16000 Paces long and 8000
that the people pass to and fro as it were in throngs near to this City are Josephs 7 Granaries now brought to ruines yet 4 of them are so repaired as they are made use of to keep the publick Corn. On the South end of this City he saith there yet remaineth a round Tower wherein Pharaohs daughter lived when she found Moses in the River which runs hard by it South West of Grand Cairo on the other side of the Nile about four Leagues distance stands the three oldest and greatest Pyramides the Jews affirming them to be built by Pharaoh who was drowned in the Red Sea the fairest for himself the next for his Wife and the least for his only Daughter The greatest of the three and chief of the Worlds Seven Wonders is made in form Quardangular lessening by equal degrees the Basis of every Square is 300 paces in length and so lessening by degrees ascending by 250 steps each being about 3 feet high the Stones are all of a bigness and hewed four square And in this as also in the others there are several Rooms There are also about 16 or 18 other Pyramides but of less note and not so ancient as these 3 aforesaid are which I shall pass by Nigh to this City in the Plain is the place where they did inter their dead in which they used such art that the bodies of their dead remain to this day perfect sound and these we call Mummies The places where these bodies ly are about ten fathom under ground in Vaults either in the Sand or upon an open stone The Earth is full of dry Sand wherein moisture never comes which together with their art of Embalming them doth thus preserve the bodies for some thousand years past In the brest of these Mummies is set a small Idol some of one shape some of another with Hieroglyphicks on the back side of them This City of Grand Cairo was formerly of a very great Trade but that which hath now ruined it as likewise that of Alexandria is the discovery of the East Indies by the Cape of Good Hope by which the English Portugals and Hollanders at present go to these Indies and bring into the West all those Drugs Spices Precious Stones Pearls and a thousand other Commodities which came before by Aleppo or by Egypt but passing by Cairo let us come to the other Cassilifs The Cassilifs in the lower Egypt In the lower Egypt are those of Garbia Menufia and Callioubech within the Delta and between the Branches of the Nile That of Mansaura without and Eastward towards the Holy Land and Arabia Likewise without and Westward of the Nile is the Cassilif of Bonhera or Baera which stretches it self from the Nile unto the Cape of Bonandrea This last Cassilif is almost quite out of Egypt though within its Government and the length of its Sea Coast not less then that of all Egypt along the Nile But that which is distant from the Nile is subject to the Arabs and very Desart that which is near it is better worth It s Governor is obliged to Mannel a Callech or Channel of 100000 paces in length to carry water from the Nile to Alexandria and when a new Bassa arrives in Egypt this Governor hath likewise to furnish him with Horses and Camels for himself his Train and Baggage and to defray his charges from Alexandria unto Cairo But since the Wars with the Venetians the Bassa's have generally come round by Land and not adventured by Sea to Alexandria Among the Desarts of this Cassilif those of St. Macaire have had 360 and odd Monasteries And here is likewise to be seen a Lake of Mineral Water which converts into Nitre the Wood Bones or Stones that are thrown into it The Cassilifs of Callioubech Menousia and Garbia being between the Branches of the Nile and out of the course of the Arabs ought to be esteemed the best in Egypt and particularly the last which yields more abundantly Sugar Rice Milk Grains Oyl Flax Herbs Honey Fruits c. And Maala one of its principal Cities which they call the Little Medina is a place of great devotion with them where they hold yearly a famous Fair which the Governor opens with great pomp observing many Ceremonies The Cassilif of Mansoura doth produce the same Commodities but not in so great a quantity though of a greater extent then Garbia but more over it yields Cassia These four or five Cassilifs take up the whole Coast of Egypt and of its Government and on this Coast are the Cities of Alexandria Rosetto Damiata and some others The City of Alexandria Alexandria among the Turks Scanderia was built by the command of Alexander the Great and by him peopled with Greeks immediately after the conquest of Egypt and the Moddel traced by the Architect Dinocrates who for want of other matter made use of Wheat-flower to mark out the circuit which was taken for a good Augury It was afterwards beautified by many but especially by Pompey It is scituated Westward of the Delta over against the Isle of Pharos and built upon a Promontory thrusting it self into the Sea with which on the one side and on the other the Lake Mareotis It is a place of good defence its circuit is about 12000 paces adorned with many stately Edifices among which the most famous was the Serapium or the Temple of their god Serapis Which for curious workmanship and the stateliness of the Building was inferior to none but the Roman Capitol then the Library erected by Ptolomy Philadelphus in which there were 200000 Volums which Demetrius promised to augment with 300000 more And this in the War against Julius Caesar was unfortunately burnt And this is that Philadelphus who caused the Bible to be translated into Greek by the 72 Interpreters which were sent him by the High Priest Eleazar In this City in Anno 180 Gantenus read Divinity and Philosophy who as it is thought was the first institutor of Vniversities This City hath been enriched with 400 high and strong Forts and Towers and the Ptolomies or Kings of Egypt having made here their residence after the death of Alexander the Great and caused many stately and magnificent Palaces to be built Under the Houses are Gisterns sustained with Pillars of Marble as also Pavements for their refreshment being their Summer habitation their ancient custom by reason of the heat being to build their Houses as much under ground as above the upper part serving for their Winter habitation It was their custom also to erect great Pillars of Marble or Porphyry among others that of Pompey which stands upon a four square Rocky Foundation without the Walls on the South side of the City It is round and of one intire piece of Marble and of an incredible bigness being above One hundred foot high not far from the place where he was slain in a Boat at Sea and where his ashes were laid In this City are also two
Children only leaving a small vent for the issuing forth of their Urine And thus sowed they keep them carefully at home until they be married and those that are by their Husbands found not to have this sign of their perpetual Virginity are sent to their Parents with all kind of ignominy and by their Parents are as disgracefully received The Country though unhealthful to the Europeans ought to be esteemed good since the Inhabitants are rich the Soil fruitful in Grains and Fruits feeding many Beasts and Fowl Its Forests full of Game and its Neighbouring Sea full of excellent Fish The Isle and City of Mombaze MOMZAMBE is 150 Leagues from Quiloa seated on a little Hill and an in Island at the bottom of a Gulph where great Ships may ride safe at Anchor This City was formerly great being about a League in circuit encompassed with a strong Wall and fortifled with a good Castle well Peopled of a good Trade its Streets in good order and its Houses high and well built with Stone and Chalk appearing almost all towards the Sea It was found out when Vasco de Gama was in the Indies and afterwards taken and retaken divers times by the Portugals who keep a Fort by reason of the goodness of the Haven and to maintain their trade The Isle of Mombaze is but small The Kingdom of Melinda described MELINDA is another Kingdom but of a small extent yet made considerable by the good intelligence it hath always preserved with the Portugals Since Vasco de Gama passed there the first time in 1489 until this present which hath stood it in good stead the Neighbouring States having been taken pillaged and burned divers times This kept entire maintaiming its Trade with the Portugals and with the East It s chief City bears the name of the Kingdom seated in a fruitful and delightful Soil yielding great plenty of Rice Millet Flesh good store of Fruits as Lemmons Citrons Oranges c. But not well furnished with Corn the greatest part whereof is broughtout of Cambaya a Province in India This City is fair well Walled and the Houses built after the Moorish manner with many Windows and Terrasses It s People The Inhabitants on the Sea Coasts are of the Arabian breed and of the same Religion Those of the Inlands which are the Original Natives are for the most part Heathens and of an Olive colour but inclining to white and their Women of a very white Complexion as in other places They are said to be more civil in their Habit Course of life and entertainment in their Houses than the rest of this Country and great Friends to the Portugals who return the like kind usage to them This Kingdom of Melinda is not distant from Mombaza above 30 Leagues by Land and 60 by Sea whose People are of the same nature and disposition with those of Melinda Estates of Lamon Pate and Chilicia The Estates of LAMON PATE and CHELICIA and likewise some others are under the Government of Melinda Panebaxira King of Lamon and Brother to the King of Chelicia surprized in 1589 Rock Brito Governour of Melinda and some other Portugals whom they sold to the Turks The Admiral Thomas Sousa Cotinho assaulted them took and cut off the Head of the King of Lamon quartered the others and hung them up in divers places to serve for example These Kings are almost all Mahometans yet here are found some few Christians which inhabit among them We have observed on the Coast of Zanguebar but five or six different Estates or Kingdoms there are some others but of lesser note and all Tributary or in good Intelligence and trading with the Portugals The Coast of Ajan described Thee Coast of AJAN contains the Republick of BRAVA which Sanutus calls Barraboa then the Kingdoms of MAGADOXA ADEA and ADELL some of their People on the Coast are White BRAVA is well built an indifferent Mart rich and pays Tribute to the Portugals It is the only Republick at present in Africa being governed by 12 Councellors or Statesmen MAGADOXA is its chief City and hath sometimes been so powerful that it ruled over all this Coast it is scituate in a delightful and fruitful Soil and neighboured by a safe and large Haven which is much frequented by the Portugals and is very rich affording Gold Hony Wax and above all Abyssin Slaves which by the Portugals are held in great value for which they bring them in exchange the Silks Spices Drugs c. of India ADEA extends it self but little towards the Sea The Country is fertil in Grains as Wheat Barley Rice c. It is well shaded with Woods and large Forrests which are plentifully furnished both with Fruits and Cattle besides a greatincrease of Horses The Inhabitants are of the Mahometan Religion It s People and follow the Arabians in many of their Customs from whom they were descended keeping much of their Language and in their Habit naked save only from the middle downwards Of Complexion for the most part of an Olive colour and well proportioned not very expert in Arms except in poysoned Arrows It s other chief places are Barraboa and Quilmanca seated on the Sea which is called the Coast of Ajan as is Magadoxa ADELL within these few years is become the most powerful of all these Kingdoms Its Estates extending both on the Arabian Gulph or Red Sea and on the Great Ocean stretching 200 Leagues on each side Cape Guardafuy ending both the one and the other towards the East regards in the Sea the Isle of Zocotora famous for the quantity and goodness of the Aloes here gathered which they call Zocotorin about which are several other Isles but not so considerable being small and many not inhabited The Arab of Nubia would make us believe that Alexander the Great was in this Island drove thence the Inhabitants and planted Greeks the better to manage the Aloes which Aristotle had so much prized to him It s chief City takes its name from the Kingdom its others places of most note are 1. Zeila of old Avalis and its Gulph Avalatis Sinus is one of the best places of the Kingdom of Adell though about the City there wants Water yet the Country farther off furnishes Wheat Barley Millet Oil of Sesamum Honey Wax Fruits Gold Ivory and Incense They fell to the Turks and Arabs abundance of Abyssin Slaves which they take in War and in exchange receive Arms Horses c. This Zeila is a noted Port Town well frequented with Merchants by reason of the variety of good Commodities that it yields Once of great beauty and esteem till in the year 1516 it was sacked and burned by the Portugals before which it was esteemed the most remarkable Empire of all AEthiopia for the Indian Trade 2. Barbora and 3. Meta are two of the most noted Sea-Port Towns in all Adell both under the Turks Jurisdiction The first is seated on the same Sea Coast as
Salt-pits near the Point de Salinas The principal Fortress that the Portugals hold here is De los tres Reyes or the three Kings on the right hand of the River The Coast of Brazile from Cape de Frio until on this side of that of St. Augustine and so to the middle of the head of Potengi stretches from South to North and continually regards the East The rest of this Capitany and that of Siara Maranhan and Para extend from East to West regarding the North and are the nearest to the Equinoctial Line The Coast of these four last Capitanies hath no less extent on the Sea than that of all the others together but are worth much less The Capitany of Siara with its Commodities The Capitany of SIARA is among many Barbarous People and therefore not much frequented yet is of some trade by reason of the Cotton Chrystal Precious Stones and many sorts of Wood which are here found They have likewise many Canes of Sugar which are of no use there being no Sugar Engines in the Country The Capitany of Maranhan with its chief places The Capitany of MARANHAN is an Isle which with some others is found in a Gulph about twenty five Leagues long and broad This Isle hath forty five Leagues Circuit hath twenty seven Villages of which Junaparan is the chief and in each Village four five or 600 men so that the French made account of 10000 men in this Island The fertility of the Country with its Commodities The Air serene temperate and healthful the Waters excellent and which scarce ever corrupt on the Sea The Land as fruitful as any in America yielding Brazile-wood Saffron Cotton Red-dye Lake or Rose colour Balm Tobacco Pepper and sometimes Ambergrease is gathered on its Coast The Land is found proper for Sugar and if it were tilled would produce Grains some say it hath Mines of Jasper and white and red Chrystal which for hardness surpasses the Diamonds of Alenzon It is well watered with fresh Rivers and pleasant Streams well cloathed with Woods in which are store of Fowl The people are strong of body Its Inhabitants and Apparel live in good health commonly dying with age the women being fruitful till eighty years of age both Sexes go naked until they are married and then their apparel is only from the Wast to the Knees which is Manufactures of Cotton or Feather-works in which they are very ingenious The Country or the Isle of the Tapouies The Tapouy Tapere that is the Country of the Tapouies is another Isle East of Maraguon at Full-sea it is an Isle on the Ebb only Sands separate it from the Continent The soll is yet better than that of Maranhan it hath but fifteen Villages the chief bearing the name of the Country they are greater and better peopled than those of Maranhan The Country and City of Comma West of Tapouy Tapere and on the firm Land Comma a City River and Country of the same name is of no small value it s fifteen or sixteen Villages are as well peopled as those of Tapouy Tapere Between Comma and Cayetta which approaches Para are divers people descending from the Toupinambous as those of Maranhan and Comma descend from the Tapouyes The French were likewise divers times possessed of the Isle of Maranhan Ribaut was here in 1594. Ravardiere in 1612. This last chose a most commodious place in the Island and built the Fort of St. Lewis the Portugals drove them out in 1614 and built new Forts St. Jago and Neustra Sennora Among the Rivers that full into the Gulph of Maranhan Miari is the greatest then Taboucourou The Capitany of Para with its Commodities The Capitany of PARA hath a square Fort seated on a Rock raised four or five fadom from the neighbouring ground and well walled except towards the River it hath four or five hundred Portugals who gather in the Country Tobacco Cotton and Sugar This Capitany holds beyond the Mouth of the Amazone Corrupa and Estiero and among the Mouths of that River Cogemine Of a temperate Air. Brazile hath an Air sweet and temperate though under the Torrid Zone the daies and nights being almost equal the freshness of the Sea Rivers and ordinary Dews contributing much to its wholsomness They lie very subject to Storms and Thunders and if it lighten in the evening it is without Thunder if it Thunder without Flashes That which likewise proves the goodness of the Air is that their Serpents Snakes Toads c. are not venemous Serpents Toads c. not venemous here but often serve for food to the Inhabitants yet the soil is more proper for the production of Fruits Pastures and Pulse than the Grains or Vines of Europe They carry them Wine and Flowr Corn being subject to spoil on the Sea The Natives use Rice and Manjoche to make their Bread It s fertility and Commodities They have likewise quantity of Pulse Trees which bear excellent Fruits Herbs Four-footed Beasts Birds and Fish in great abundance many of which are not known to us many sorts of Palm-trees which yield them great Commodities they have some Mines of Gold but more of Silver but the riches of Brazile is drawn from the Sugars and the Brazile-wood which comes from their Araboutan a mighty Tree which bears no Fruit. They have abundance of Parroquetos among their Monkeys they have black ones and of divers colours the most part very pleasant The skin of the Tapiroussou curried becomes so hard that it makes Bucklers not to be pierced by the strongest shot Arrow The Inhabitants of Brazile and what they are addicted unto their Customs c. Their Habit. The Brazilians are of a mean stature gross headed large shouldred of a reddish colour their skins tawny they live commonly to a hundred and fifty years and free from diseases caring for nothing but War and Vengeance They wander most part of their time in Hunting Fishing and Feasting in which Manjoche furnishes them with Bread Cumin-seed with Drink and and the Flesh of Beasts or of their Enemies cut in gobbets and some Fish are their most excellent meats The men are very cruel forgetful of courtesies received and mindful of injuries The Women are very lascivious they are delivered with little or no pain and immediately go about their affairs and not observing the custom of a Months lying in as is used among us They let their hair grow long which ordinarily hangeth over their shoulders both Sexes go naked especially till Married They are esteemed excellent Swimmers and divers being able to stay an hour together under water They paint themselves with divers colours all over the body on which they leave no hair not so much as on their Eye-lids but only a Crown about their Head and fasten a Bone which is well polished and some little Stone which is esteemed amongst them in their upper Lip and Cheeks Others cut their skin in Figures and
in memory of his great Victory And 8. Issus seated on a large Bay famous for the Battel here fought between Alexander with an inconsiderable Army of Macedonians and Darius and his vast Army which consisted of about 600000 Assyrians whereof about 160000 of the Persians were slain and about 40000 taken Prisoners in which Battel the Wives and Daughters of Darius were taken Alexander not losing above 200 of his Men. On the Right-hand of Cilicia is Isauria which may bear the name of a Province It is fruitful in Vines and several sorts of Fruits having a rich Soil The chief Cities are 1. Claudiopolis into which Claudius the Emperour brought a Roman Colony And 2. Seleucia founded by Seleucus The Province of Caria bounded and its chief places described CARIA hath for its Southern bounds the Carpathian Sea It s chief places are 1. Miletus not far from the Hill Latmus the Birth-place of Thales one of the 7 Wise-men of Greece to this place St. Pauls called together the Bishops of Ephesus and other of the adjoyning Cities 2. Mindus which being but a small City and its Gates so big made Diogenes the Cynick to cry out to have them shut their Gates lest the City should run out at them 3. Milasa famous in old time for two Temples dedicated to Jupiter And 4. Borgylia where Diana also had a Temple In this Country is the Hill Latmus which was the retiring place of Endymion who by the study of Astronomy did there find out the Changes and Courses of the Moon by the Poets feigned to be her Favourite others there be who would have it that in a Cave under this Hill Jupiter hid him and casting him in a deep sleep descended sometimes to kiss him The Province of Ionia bounded with its chiefest places IONIA bounded on the West with the Aegean Sea Places of note in this Country are 1. Ephesus famous for many things as First for being the Burial-place of St. John the Evangelist who as some say went here alive into the Grave Secondly for the Temple of Diana which for its Greatness Furniture and stately Workmanship was accounted one of the Wonders of the World Thirdly for St. Pauls directing an Epistle to the Inhabitants thereof Fourthly for being the Episcopal See of Timothy the Evangelist first Bishop hereof And Fifthly for its Ecclesiastical Council here but now much ruined from its ancient beauty it being now reduced to a small Village 2. Smyrna which is now the only City of Trade in these parts famous for being one of the 7 Churches of Asia to which St. John dedicated his Revelation being one of those 7 Cities that strove for the Birth of Homer where in a Cave hard by he is said to have writ his Poems But now violated by the Mahometans her Beauty is turned into Deformity her Religion into Impiety and her knowledge into Barbarism This City is seated on the bottom of a Bay or Gulph called the Gulph of Smyrna where the English French and Venetians keep Consuls to protect their Merchants and keep up their Trade it being under the Jurisdiction of the Grand Signior 3. Colophon another of those Cities which strove for the Birth of Homer Here the People are so well skill'd in Horsemanship that whose side soever they took in War were sure to gain the Victory 4. Erythra the habitation of one of the Sibyls from whence called Sibylla Erythraea 5. Ipsus remarkable for the great Battel betwixt Antigonus and Seleucus two of Alexanders chief Commanders wherein Antigonns lost both the day and his life 6. Lebedus of note in ancient times for those Plays here yearly held in honour to Bacchus 7. Priene the Birth-place of Bias one of the 7 Wise-men of Greece And 8. Clazomene seated on a small Ilet near the shoar beautified with a Temple dedicated to Apollo The Province of Aeolis and its chief places AEOLIS North of Ionia hath for its chief places 1. Cuma the habitation of Sibylla Surnamed Cumana 2. Elaea on the Mouth of Caicus being the Port-Town to Pergamus 3. Myrina which in honour to Augustus is called Sebastopolis 4. Pitane not far from the Aegean Sea and here they had an art in making Bricks that would swim above water The Province of Lydia and its chief places LYDIA It s chief Cities are 1. Sardis in which was one of the 7 Churches in Asia being the Royal Seat of Croesus and the Kings of Lydia until it was subdued by the Persians and 2. Philadelphia on the Banks of the River Caystrus It s People are said to be the first Inventers of Dice Chess and other such Games as also the first Hucksters Pedlers and the first Coyners of Mony The Country by reason of the great plenty of gallant Rivers renders it very fruitful and pleasant being enriched with Mines of Gold and Silver as also precious Stones The Province of Phrygia Major bounded and its chief places PHRYGIA MAJOR bounded on the East with Galatia The chief places are 1. Gordion the Seat of Gordius which from the Plough-tail was taken and chosen King of this Kingdom who tied such a Knot called the Gordian-knot which Alexander the Great cut in pieces when he could not unty it 2. Midium the Seat of Midas Son to this Gordius who covetously petitioned Bacchus that whatsoever he touched should be turned into Gold which was granted but soon was forced to lose the benefit of it else he would have been starved his Victuals turning into Gold and falling into a second oversight in Judgment in preferring Pan's Pipe before Apollo's Harp he for his small Judgment in Musick was rewarded with a comly pair of Asses-ears 3. Colossi to whom St. Paul writ one of his Epistles 4. Pesinus where the goddess Cybele was worshipped being called Dea Pesinuncia This City is placed in the Borders of Galatia The Country is very rich pleasant and well watered with Rivers the People being anciently more Superstitious than in any other place of Asia as is manifest by the Rites used in their Sacrifices of Cybele and other of their goddesses being accounted such as use Divination They are a People which much delight in Effeminacy Here Reigned Tantalus who wanting wisdom to make use of his great Riches is by the Poets feigned to stand in Hell up to the chin in water under a Tree whose Fruit doth touch his Lips but yet cannot reach them The Province of Phrygia Minor bounded with its chief places PHRYGIA MINOR bounded on the South with the Aegean Sea Places of most note viz. 1. Dardanum or Dardania being the Town and Patrimony of Aeneas 2. Troy seated on the Banks of the River Scamander famous for having sustained a Ten years Siege against the Greeks in which time the Trojans lost 860000 Men and the Grecians 666000 Men being then so famous a City that it might be counted the glory of the East from whence all Nations desire to derive their beginning but now
from the Sea seated strongly on a Mountain with Walls of Free-stone it is well Peopled most following Dying Weaving and making of Cottons as they do at Brodra About this City are very fertil Fields which bring forth Wheat Barly Rice and Cotton in great abundance and out of the Mountains they find the Agats Cambaya 3. Cambaya seated on a River and on a Sandy place encompassed with a Wall of Free-stone about 10 Leagues in circuit its Streets are strait and broad its Houses fair and large having 12 Gates for entrance 3 large Market-places and 4 stately Cisterns large enough to keep Water for the Inhabitants all the year long They have also about this City 15 or 16 publick Gardens for the recreation of the Inhabitants being places of great pleasure and delight The Inhabitants are for the most part Pagans Benjans or Rasboutes This City is at the bottom of its Gulph and so famous and of so great Traffick that the Kingdom sometimes bears its name being frequented by most Nations where the English and Dutch keep a Factory Amadabad the Metropolis of Guazarete 4. Amadabad is the Metropolis of Guzurate being about 7 Leagues in compass a place of good strength the Buildings are very stately and fair especially the Mosques the Governours House and other publick Places the Streets are large and many is very populous and of a great Trade abounding in divers Indian Commodities It is seated on a small River which falls into the Indus about 45 Leagues from Surat and is by the English compared to London Here the Merchants pay no Custom the Governour of this City is Vice-Roy of all Guzurate being answerable for what he doth to none but the Great Mogoll he liveth in a greater state than any King in Europe his Court large and stately his attendance great not stirring abroad without great pomp and state as in his attendance of Nobles and others in his Guards of Horse and Foot in his Elephants with brave furniture together with several playing on certain Instruments of Musick His Revenue is exceeding great which by some is accounted to be about Ten Millions of Gold yearly out of which he is at great expences as in the maintaining the charge of the Kingdom his own expences and the keeping 12000 Horse and 50 Elephants for the Mogolls service In and about this City there are great quantities of pleasant Gardens plentifully stored with variety of Fruit-trees 5. Diu is in an Island of the same name The City of Diu its Trade and Commodities and lieth about 20 Leagues from the River Indus and not far distant from the main Land It is now subject to the Portugals who have strongly fortified it This City is well built indifferent big and hath a great and good Haven being a place of great Trade and having a concourse of Merchants of divers Nations by reason of which it brings a great profit to the King of Portugal whose chief Commodities are Cotton-Linnen of sundry sorts which we call Callicoes Cocos-Oil Butter Pitch Tar Sugar-Candy Iron several sorts of curious Desks Chests Boxes Standishes which they make of Wood neatly carved guilded and variously coloured and wrought with Mother of Pearl also excellent fair Leather which is artificially wrought with Silks of all colours both with flowers and figures which is there and elsewhere used instead of Carpets and Coverlids 6. Bisantagan by reason of the fertility of the Country there adjacent is of good repute well peopled having in it about 20000 Houses 7. Cheytepour is seated on a small River the Inhabitants being Benjans who by Profession are Weavers who make great quantities of Cotton-Linnen Here are also several other Cities of less note as Nassary Gaudui and Balsara which are under the jurisdiction of Surat Agra a pleasant City and much frequented by the Mogoll from which they are not far distant 8. Agra seated on the River Gemini which falls into the Ganges of a very large extent and strongly fortified with a Wall and a great Ditch Its Houses are fair it Streets spacious several being inhabited by those of one Trade each Trade having its Street alloted it It hath a fair Market-place and hath for the accommodation of Merchants and Forreigners about 80 Caravanseraes or Inns which are large Houses wherein are good Lodgings and Ware-Houses for their Goods In this City there are about 70 great Mosques or Churches besides divers little ones in the greatest of which are several Tombs of their Saints Here are also a great quantity of Baths or Hot-Houses which are much used amongst them The Great Mogoll doth often change his dwelling so that there is scarce any City of note but what he hath abode in and where he hath not Palaces but there is none which hath his presence so much as this it being the most delightful of all others where he hath a sumptuous Palace as also several Gardens and Houses for his retirement without the City His Palace is seated upon the River Gemini and if some Authors may be credited is about 2 Leagues in compass it is very strong being encompassed with a strong Wall and a great Ditch or Moat having at every Gate a Draw-bridge which are strongly guarded For the description of this Palace I must be beholding to J. Albert de Mandelslo in his Book of Travels where he saith That being entred in at the Gate there is a spacious Street with Shops which leads to the Mogolls Palace to which there is several Gates which are called by several names Under the Gate called Cistery is the place of Judicature to which is adjoyned a place where all Ordinances and other Writs are sealed and where the Records are kept At the entrance of this Gate is the spacious Street aforesaid The Gate called Achobarke Derwage is a place of great respect with them and it is the place that the Singing and Dancing Women are lodged at who are kept for the diversion of the great Mogoll and his Family these Women dance before him naked There is another Gate which they call Dersame which leads to a River to which he comes every morning to worship the Sun at his rising Near this place it is that his Nobles and Officers about his Court come every day to do their submission to him to which place he comes every day except Fridays which is set apart for their Devotions as Sunday is with us to see the fighting of Lions Elephants Bulls and the like fierce Beasts which are here used for his recreation He speaketh of another Gate which leadeth into the Guard-Hall through which at the farther end of a Paved Court under a Portal there is a row of Silver Pillars where there is a continual Guard also kept to hinder all people except great Lords to enter any farther it leading to the Mogolls Lodgings which are exceeding rich and magnificent but above all is his Throne which is made of massie Gold and inriched with