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city_n	apostle_n	house_n	zion_n	44	3	8.9783	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A53222	America : being the latest, and most accurate description of the new vvorld containing the original of the inhabitants, and the remarkable voyages thither, the conquest of the vast empires of Mexico and Peru and other large provinces and territories : with the several European plantations in those parts : also their cities, fortresses, towns, temples, mountains, and rivers : their habits, customs, manners, and religions, their plants, beasts, birds, and serpents : with an appendix containing, besides several other considerable additions, a brief survey of what hath been discover'd of the unknown south-land and the arctick region : collected from most authentick authors, augmented with later observations, and adorn'd with maps and sculptures / by John Ogilby ...	Ogilby, John, 1600-1676.; Montanus, Arnoldus, 1625?-1683. Nieuwe en onbekende weereld.	1671 (1671)	Wing O165; ESTC R16958	774,956	643

four large Hospitals the chiefest whereof call'd Andrias hath seldom less than four hundred Sick which are kept and cur'd on Charity The second is for Peruvians onely call'd The Hospital of St. Anna. The third built in honor of the Apostle St. Peter is for poor old Clergy-men The fourth nam'd The House of Love is for sick Women Besides these there stands another Structure near the Walls of the City Consecrated to Lazarus where those that have the Leprosie are cur'd The House call'd The Holy-Ghost receives all sick and wounded Sea-men The King maintains twenty four Students at his own Charge in the Royal Colledge and the Arch-bishop as many in the Colledge call'd St. Toronius but in the Colledge of St. Martin reside above six hundred which are brought up in all manner of Arts and Sciences Two hundred Students are also taught in the high School where they chuse a new Governor every year Here also is kept the King's Treasure and the Court of Inquisition The River which washes the City Walls runs so exceeding swift that not long since it carried away a new Stone Bridge with nine great Arches The Dominican Monks were the first that Landed on Peru the first which came thither with Francisco Pizarro being Vincent de Valle Verde who was follow'd by Sancio Martino Martino de Esquivele Dominico de Sancto Thoma Pedro Ulloa Alphonso de Montenegro Reynaldo Pedraza and many others who were stirr'd up by the report of the Peruvian Riches amongst whom were four Franciscans viz. Pedro Portuguese Jodoco de los Angelos De la Cruiz and De Sant Anna who were soon after follow'd by twelve Monks of the Augustine Order Anno 1552. Landed also at Los Reyos Colonel Andreas Salazar accompanied with Antonio Lozano Juan de Sancto Petro Hieronymo Melendez Didaco Palamino Pedro de Espeda Andreas Ortega Juan Canto Juan Chamorro Miracles reported to have been done by Ramirez Francisco de Treyas Juan Ramirez and Balthazar Melgarego Salazar soon after his Arrival sent the Priest Juan Ramirez and Balthazar Melganego to Guamachuco where he Baptiz'd and Instructed the Inhabitants in great numbers Afterwards travelling to Moyabamba he got a great esteem amongst those Idolaters and as it goes for currant amongst them wrought many Miracles amongst which this is reported for one He being inform'd by an old Peruvian that his Daughter nam'd Curi had hid several Idols enquiring after it he tax'd her with what her Father had told him which she denying and being rebuk'd by Ramirez is said to have become immediately dumb to have foam'd at the Mouth at last falling down dead like a second Saphira in the presence of many which caus'd many to forsake their Idolatry But the Necromancers endeavor'd by all means possible to raise a disesteem on Ramirez and with the assistance of their Master the Devil so wrought their Inchantments that the Tygers came in great Herds out of the Wildernesses to Moyabamba and devour'd not onely Men Women and Children in the High-ways but also tore them out of their Houses yet did not the least hurt to any Spaniard whereupon Ramirez valiantly went with a Company of his Proselytes to a Herd of Tygers which when he approached held the Cross to them which it seems so affrighted the Devil-Tygers that they climb'd up the Trees They farther relate if you will believe them to make the Miracle the greater That Ramirez call'd to the Multitude saying Go and revenge the Deaths of your devour'd Parents Children and Relations whereupon he throwing a Stone and all the rest following his Example the Tygers leap'd out of the Trees stood still and suffer'd themselves to be kill'd like Lambs Six years after the fore-mention'd twelve Augustine Monks follow'd eleven others who set Sail out of the Spanish Haven St. Lucar and arriving at Peru went to the Village Tauca where they broke the Image of the Goddess Huarella being as it were the Peruvian Venus or Patroness of amorous Delights reported to have given Responses from the Wood in which she was worshipp'd They also destroy'd the Idol Chanca in the Countrey Conchucos which being worshipp'd by the Indians in the shape of a Man had yearly a fair Maid aged fourteen years given to him in Marriage a solemn Wedding being kept and several Sheep kill'd The Miracle of an Augustine Monk The Augustine Monks are believ'd to have wrought also another Miracle in the Province Conchucos upon this occasion A Conjurer call'd Chaumango boasted himself to be God deny'd our Saviour in testimony whereof he gave out that he would kick a Mountain to pieces with his Foot which Report spreading all over the Countrey all the adjacent People flock'd to see this strange Wonder on an appointed Day on which Charimango being it seems as good as his word and kicking the Mountain caus'd it to rent from the top to the bottom and the pieces to flie all about the People who were exceedingly amaz'd but the Sorcerer upon the Augustine Monk's rebuking him was as they affirm immediately eaten up with Worms CHILI 1. P. ● de Talcaguana 2. I. Quiriquina 3. R. Biobio 4. R. Ilandalien 5. R. de la Laxa To conclude our Description of this famous Kingdom of Peru the People thereof at the Spaniards first Arrival viewing their Shipping their Guns and other Accoutrements unknown to them before had them in great admiration as Men descended from Heaven but when they began to be oppress'd by their Tyranny and to be tortur'd by them they look'd upon them as the Spawn of Hell and curs'd the Sea that had brought so wicked a People to them CHAP. V. Chile Situation and Description of Chile FOllowing the Coast of Mare del Zur or the South Sea the next great Province pertaining formerly to the Kingdom of Peru is that of Chile This is the most Southerly Province of the whole Countrey of America reaching up as far as the Magellane Straights with which to the Southward it is bounded Northward it hath a Desart and an undiscover'd Countrey lying betwixt it and the Confines of Peru call'd Atacama on the West it hath Mare del Zur and on the East up to Rio de la Plata the Atlantick or North Sea with some Countreys undiscover'd which interpose betwixt it and Paraguay to the North-East It lieth all of it beyond the Tropick of Capricorn in a temperate Zone and extendeth it self in length from the Borders of Peru to the Mouth of the Straights five hundred Leagues or more but the breadth of it neither equal nor certain They say 't is call'd Chile from the word I hil which signifies Cold it seems in their Language as well as ours it being generally a cold and bleak Countrey the Air in many parts of it so extreamly sharp and piercing that both Horse and Rider sometimes in travelling are frozen to death as the Spaniards found by experience in their first Search and Discovery of the Countrey under the Conduct of Diego Almagro who

know not where another Here also is added by St. Jerom Hieron in c. 2. Ephes what an antient Writer saith Great care hath been taken in Computing the Age of this World and if there be another which Commenc'd not with ours as Clemens mentions in his Epistles where are scituate those Seas and Lands that make that second World Or is it a part of that in which Adam was Created Or may it not rather Metaphorically be taken for Worldly Affairs govern'd by the Prince of the Air ruling in the Hearts of the Children of Disobedience The Antients opinion of an unknown world But Pliny Cicero and Virgil the best in their kind of Latin Writers concur That there may be a habitable World under our Horizon in the temperate Southern Zone beyond the extream heat and on this side of the Antartick colds But what signifies all this to the Discovery of America which lies not onely under the scorching Heats of the Equinox but under the Frosts and Snows of the Artick and Antartick-Poles In Comment super Obad. v. 19 20 21. And they of the south shall possess the mount of Esau and they of the plain the Philistines and they shall possess the fields of Epharim and the fields of Samaria and Benjamin shall possess Gilead And the captivity of this host of the children of Israel shall possess that of the Canaanites even unto Zarepath and the captivity of Jerusalem which is in Sepharad shall possess the Cities of the south And saviors shall come upon mount Zion to judge the mount of Esau and the kingdom shall be the LORDS If America is known in the Scripture Yet less probable is that which Lodowick Leo an Augustine Frier takes out of Obadiah as if that Prophet in the three last Verses of his Prophecy should speak of the Spaniards which should not onely discover and Conquer America but also Convert the Inhabitants to the Christian Faith because those that are in Sepharad should Inherit and Possess the Cities of the South And Saviours shall arise from the Mountains of Zion to judge the Mount and Wealth of Esau But certainly Obadiah meant no other than the Restauration of the Jews from the Captivity of Babylon who after their return should grow more powerful than ever and they led by their Messias obtain the height of all felicity who would send his Evangelists and Apostles to declare Salvation to the utmost Borders of the Earth It is true that the Rabins Expound Sepharad to be Spain and therefore he concludes that Obadiah Prophesi'd of the Spaniard and their Conquests in America so they would prove that America was long known before Christ And lastly It signifies as little what Pineda and Levinus Lemnius drive at That Solomon first finding the use of the Compass Solomon's Fleet sail'd not to Peru. Rigg'd a Navy at Ezion-Geber which from the Red-Sea had no indirect Course to the Straights of Magellan from whence he might Lade his Vessels with the Gold of Peru. In whose Description it shall be manifested that Peru is not Ophir as some without any shew of Reason or Truth would make us believe Solomon did not find the Compass But as concerning King Solomon's finding out the use of the Magnet it is soon said but not easily prov'd for though that Prince exceeded all Man-kind in Wisdom and Learning and was perfect in the Operations and knew the Occultest Secrets of Nature understanding what e're belong'd to Plants from the Cedar of Libanus to Hysop and the meanest Shrub that grows upon the Wall yet it nothing makes out that he knew the Mystery of the Navigable use of the Load-Stone But suppose he did know there is no where any mention of it and if this excellent thing the Compass had been found in Solomon's time how came it afterwards so utterly to be lost Albertus Magnus mistakes when he ascribes the knowledge of the Compass to Aristotle of which he himself makes not the least mention neither Galen Alexander Aphrodisiensis Pliny Lucretius nor any of the Roman Greek Arabian or other Countrey Writers whatsoever Load-stone by whom found Some give the honor thereof to an Indian others to a Shepherd in Mount Ida whose Clouted Shooes being full of Hob-Nails the Iron sticking fast to the Stones on which he stood stopt his motion And although the Antients found but many Secrets of Nature amongst which this of the Load-Stone Attracing Iron as being its proper Food and the three sorts of the Magnet of which some will not draw Steel found by Theamedes a Greek Author and other since well known Properties Yet they never attain'd that knowledge that the Load-Stone would ease Pain Strange operations of the Loadstone and stop the effusion of Blood though the edge piercing the Skin open'd the Vein as Hieronimus Cardanus experienc'd on himself and others De subtilitate l. 7. which he had from Laurentius Guascus a great Chyrurgeon Much less that the Needle of the Compass being touch'd by the Load-Stone on the Northside of the Equinox respects the North but depressing the Artick and raising the Antartick Pole it looks as stedfastly towards the South But far less dreamt they of its several variations Variance of the Compass according to the Coasts that are nearest as when you come from the Island del Cuervo the Point varies more West but Sailing towards the Equinox it varies Eastward by which we may absolutely conclude that without this use of the Load-Stone first found by Flavius Melvius a Neapolitan Genebrad Chron. in the Year 1303. it was altogether impossible to reach America So that Joseph de Acosta mistakes When and by whom the Compass was found who gives the honor of the finding so great a benefit to Navigation to some Mahumetan Sea-men which Vasques de Gama met with near Mosambique who had Sail'd those Seas by the use thereof whereas Gama's Expedition was above a hundred years after Melfius who liv'd in such a juncture of time for Mathematical Learning that few Ages boasted the like For then flourish'd in England and were Contemporaries besides others abroad Richard Wallingford Nicolas de Lynna John Halifax Walter Britte John Duns and John de Lignarijs all eminent in Astronomical Arts belonging to Navigation and doubtless no small helps to Melfius in this his happy Invention Lastly We will relate what hath been held as a seeming Testimony that America was known to the Europeans before the Birth of our Saviour by an antique Meddal of the Emperor Augustus digg'd out of the Ground in Peru and sent to his Holiness at Rome which may well be reckon'd with the like Cheat contriv'd by Hermicus Cajadus Anno 1505. near Syntra a Town in Portugal where three Marbles Ingraven with antient Characters concerning a Prophecy of discovering the East-Indies by the Portuguese in the Reign of King Emanuel were privately bury'd under Ground and not long after by a pretended accident digg'd out which made

The Entrance being thus taken by he Spaniards Casquin return'd home After which Sottus concluded a Peace with Capahaes the Governor and took up his Quarters in the Village Vitangue where he receiv'd continual Sallies but taking fifteen Casiques Prisoners threatned to burn them alive unless they would procure them some Gold yet not being able to get any they had only their Hands cut off and were sent away Moreover Sottus help'd the Guachacoya's to ruine those of Anilco which Design prov'd successful yet not according to Sottus's desire for he found not the Gold-Mines which he expected but spent in this five years Progress the great Treasure which he took out of Atibaliba's Palace and the Pearls which he got in Florida for the Oysters being open'd against the Fire and the Pearls drill'd through with a hot Iron lost much of their lustre neither would his People consent to build a City in the Haven Achusi Sottus dies In the midst of these Transactions Sottus died of the Bloody-flux and his Body was Interr'd in the River El Grande After which his Successor Ludovicus de Alvarado had worse success for half of the Army being wasted by the excessive heat the rest resolv'd to desert Florida utterly despairing to be ever able to resist the valiant Natives In the Province of Auche they procur'd a Guide whom because he mis-led them in their Way they caus'd to be torn in pieces by their Dogs after which they march'd without a Guide through such bad Ways that they lost a hundred of their Men and eighty Horses besides many Floridans that carried their Luggage At last coming to the River El Grande they conquer'd two Villages which fortifying they took up their Winter Quarters in them But this being the fourteenth year in which the River us'd generally to overflow and drown all the adjacent Countreys on a sudden to their great amazement the Wood which they had gather'd for the building of Barques to carry them home was wash'd away their Provisions spoil'd and their Habitations drown'd and to this inconvenience was added another yet greater for the Governors round about rais'd all the Forces they could possibly to revenge themselves on the Spaniards for their great oppression But Alvarado being inform'd of this Design by the Casique Anilco caus'd thirty of the Abettors of the Plot to have their Hands cut off Not long after this the Spaniards set Sail when a thousand Canoos that came to Engage them lay sixteen days amongst them Strange Fight killing and wounding several of the Seamen and sunk a Barque with forty eight Men and also kill'd many Horses which were yet on the Shore the Prisoners they took were strappado'd to death and the Horses shot yet some of them got safe from Panuco to Mexico Expedition of Ahumada and Samano These above-mention'd Expeditions to Florida notwithstanding they fell out unfortunately nevertheless by the permission of Philip the Second King of Spain Peter Ahumada and Julius Samano with five Dominican Monks made another Attempt and Landed with several great Crosses that thereby they might reduce the Floridans whose Language they understood not to their Faith But they fearing treachery resisted them and kill'd the Monks with Clubs flay'd them and hung their Skins in their Temples The Expedition of Menendez Notwithstanding these and many worse Accidents that hapned yet the Spanish King ventur'd once more and sent Peter Menendez to Florida whither he was follow'd by three Jesuits from Rome viz. Peter Martinius Joan Roger and Francis Villaregius The Master of the Ship in which they went being ignorant where he was judg'd it convenient to Land whereupon nine Netherlanders and four Spaniards amongst which was Martinius went ashore on Florida whilst a Storm arising drove the Ship to Cuba by which means those that were Landed were left in a miserable condition having no Food but wild Herbs on which they fed twelve days so that this Expedition also came to nothing Voyage of Ribald and Ladoniere At last the French following the foot-steps of the Spaniards John Ribald and Ren● Laudoniere having Sail'd several times to Florida discover'd several Coasts but their Men were often set upon by the Spaniards and cut off The Expedition of Dominicus Gurgius Anno 1567. Dominicus Gurgius set Sail thither with three Ships which carried two hundred Soldiers and eighty Sea-men with which entring the River Tacatucouru he Landed and found a Youth call'd Peter du Bre who escap'd when the Spaniards cruelly massacred the French in the Garrison Carolina after which du Bre ranging up and down at last serv'd Saturiona Governor of Florida whom deserting and now meeting with the French his Countrey-men he brought several Casiques to joyn with them against the Spaniards Valiant Exploit of Gurgius whom they drove out of three Forts which were all by the Command of Gurgius dismanteled Florida is call'd by the Natives Irquasa The Spaniards have built two Forts on the same the one erected on the Promontory Helena is Consecrated to the Apostle Matthew City Angustine The City and the Fort Angustine lies near the River May. Both City and Fort stand on a Hill which is pleasant and well set with Trees Between the Foreland is a deep and wide Channel which washes the City and Fort it is eight-square at each corner there stands a round Tower in which the Soldiers keep Guard the Countrey is water'd by two Rivers which gliding between the Main and the Foreland are great Safeguards to the Fort. The City is almost square onely against the Fort it is much closer built than in any other place and divided into four Streets The Church stands without of the City and before it the Augustine Cloyster PAGUS HISPANORUM in Florida Floridans differ amongst themselves The Floridans differ amongst themselves very much for those that inhabit the Province Panuca which borders upon New Spain are valiant and cruel People Offering their Prisoners to their Idols and eating them The Men pluck up the Hair of their Beards by the Root make holes through their Nose and Ears and Marry not till their fortieth Year Next to these follow the Realms of Aranaris and Albardaosia inhabited by a People which exceed all others in subtilty The Natives of Jaquazia run faster than a Deer and tire not though they travel a whole day The best Swimmers are found in Alpachia Authia and Someria where the Women Swim through deep and great Rivers with their Children in their Arms. Here also are many Hermophrodites Hermophrodites which carry all the Luggage when an Army is upon a March. We find mention'd also two other Provinces of note viz. Colas which lies near the Point call'd Cape Florida and Tegista or Florida properly so call'd being that long Peninsula which pointing upon the Isle Cuba by the Cape Los Martyres stretcheth it self North and South about a hundred Leagues in length but not above thirty in breadth where it is