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A41355 The marrow of modern divinity touching both the covenant of works, and the covenant of grace, with their use and end, both in the time of the Old Testament, and in the time of the New : wherein every one may cleerly see how far forth he bringeth the law into the case of justification, and so deserverh the name of legalist : and how far forth he rejecteth the law, in the case of sanctification, and so deserveth the name of Antinomist : with the middle path between them both, which by Iesus Christ leadeth to eternall life : in a dialogue, betwixt Evangelista, a minister of the Gospel, Nomista, a legalist, Antinomista, an Antinomian, and Neophytus, a young Christian / by the author, E.F. ; before the which there is prefixed the commendatory epistles of divers divines of great esteem in the citie of London ; whereunto is also added, the substance of a Fisher, Edward, fl. 1627-1655.; Hamilton, Patrick, 1504?-1528. Patricks places. 1646 (1646) Wing F997; ESTC R1839 130,516 286

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behalfe of all his chosen perfectly fulfilled the Law as it is the covenant of works divine justice delivered that bond in to Christ who utterly cancelled that hand-writing so that none of his chosen were to have any more to doe with it nor it with them and now you by your believing in Christ having manifested that you are one that was chosen in him before the foundation of the world his fulfilling of that covenant and cancelling of it is imputed to you and so you are acquitted and absolved from all your transgressions against that covenant either past present or to come and so you are justified as the Apostle saith Freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Jesus Christ. Ant. I pray you Sir give mee leave to speake a word by the way was not he justified before this time Evan. If he did not believe in Christ before this time as I conceive hee did not then certainly he was not justified before this time Ant. But Sir you know as the Apostle saith It is God that justifieth and God is eternall and as you have shewed Christ may be said to have fulfilled the covenant of works from all eternity and if he bee Christs now then was he Christs from all eternity and therefore as I conceive hee was justified from all eternity Evan. Indeed God is from all eternity and in respect of Gods accepting of Christs undertaking to fulfill the covenant of works he fulfilled it from all eternity and in respect of Gods electing of him he was Christs from all eternity and therefore it is true in respect of Gods decree hee was justified from all eternity and hee was justified meritoriously in the death and resurrection of Christ but yet he was not justified actually till he did actually believe in Christ for saith the Apostle By him all that believe are justified so that in the act of justifying faith and Christ must have a mutuall relation and must always concur and meet together faith as the action which apprehendeth and Christ as the object which is apprehended for neither doth Christ justifie without faith neither doth faith except it bee in Christ. Ant. Truly Sir you have indifferently well satisfied me in this point and surely I like it marvellous well that you conclude no faith justifieth but that whose object is Christ. Eva. The very truth is thuogh a man believe that God is mercifull and true of his promise and that he hath his elect number from the beginning and that he himselfe is one of that number yet if this faith doe not eye Christ if it be not in God as he is in Christ it will not serve turn for God cannot be comfortably thought upon out of Christ our mediator for if we finde not God in Christ saith Calvin salvation cannot bee known wherefore neighbour Neophytus I will say unto you as sweet Master Bradford said unto a gentlewoman in your case Thus then if you would be quiet and certain in conscience then let your faith burst forth through all things not onely that you have within you but also whatsoever is in heaven earth and hell and never rest untill it come to Christ crucified and the eternall sweete mercie and goodnesse of God in ●hrist Neo. But Sir I am not yet satisfied concerning the point you touched before and therefore I pray you proceed to shew me how far forth I am delivered from the Law as it is the covenant of works Evan. Truly as it is the covenant of works you are wholy and altogether delivered and set free from it you are dead to it and it is dead to you and if it be dead to you then it can doe you neither good nor hurt and if you be dead to it you can expect neither good nor hurt from it consider man I pray you that as I said before you are now under another covenant to wit the covenant of grace and you cannot bee under two covenants at once neither wholy nor partly and therefore as before you believed you were wholy under the covenant of works as Adam left both you and all his posterity after his fall so now since you have believed you are wholy under the covenant of grace Assure your selfe then that no Minister or Preacher of Gods Word hath any warrant to say unto you hereafter either doe this and this dutie contained in the law and avoid this and this sin forbidden in the Law and God will justifie thee and save thy soule or doe it not and Hee will condemne thee and damne thee no no you are now set free both from the commanding and condemning power of the covenant of works so that I will say unto you as the Apostle saith unto the believing Hebrews You are not come to Mount Sinai that might not be touched and that burned with fire nor unto blacknesse and darknesse and tempests but you are come unto Mount Sion the City of the living God and to Jesus the Mediator of the new Covenant so that to speak with holy reverence God cannot by vertue of the covenant of wotks either require of you any obedience or punish you for any disobedience no he cannot by vertue of that covenant so much as threaten you or give you an angry word or shew you an angry look for indeed he can see no sin in you as a transgression of that covenant for saith the Apostle Where there is no Law there is no transgression And therfore though hereafter you doe through frailty transgresse any or all the ten Commandements yet doe you not thereby transgresse the covenant of works there is no such covenant now betwixt God and you and therefore though you shall hereafter heare such a voice as this if thou wilt be saved keep the commandements or cursed is every one that continueth not in all things which are writen in the book of the Law to doe them nay though you heare the voice of thunder and a fearfull noyse nay though you see blacknesse and darknesse and feel a great tempest that is to say though you heare us that are Preachers according to our commission Lift up our voice like a trumpet in threatning hell and damnation to sinners and transgressors of the Law though these be the words of God yet are you not to thinke that they are spoken to you no no the Apostle assures you ●hat there is no condemnation to them that ●●re in Christ Jesus believe it man God never threatens eternall death after he hath once given to a man eternall life nay the truth is God never speaks to a believer out of Christ and in Christ hee speaks not a word in the terms of the covenant of works and if the Law of it selfe should presume to ●ome into your conscience and say herein and herein thou hast transgressed and broken ●●e and therefore thou owest so much and ●o much to divine Justice which must be
father as touching his manhood and without mother as touching his Godhead Whereby we are given to understand that it was the purpose of God that Melchisedec should in these particulars resemble the person and office of Jesus Christ the son of God and so by Gods own appointment be a type of him to Abraham to ratifie and confirm the promise made to him and his seed in respect of the eternall covenant to wit That he and his believing seed should be so blessed in Christ as Melchisedec had blessed him Nay let me tell you more some have thought it most probable yea and have said If we search out this truth without partiality we shall find that this Melchisedec which appeared unto Abraham was none other then the son of God manifest by a speciall dispensation and priviledge unto Abraham in the flesh who is therefore said to have seen his day and rejoiced Joh. 8.56 Moreover in Gen. 15. we read that the Lord did again confirm this covenant with Abraham for when Abraham had divided the beasts God came between the parts like a smoking furnace and a burning lamp which as some have thought did primarily typifie the torment and rending of Christ and the furnace and fiery lamp did typifie the wrath of God running between and yet did not consume the rent and torne nature and the blood of circumcision did typifie the blood of Christ And the resolved sacrificing of Isaac on mount Moria by Gods appointment did prefigure and foreshew that by the offering up of Christ the promised seed in the very same place all Nations should be saved Now this Covenant thus made and confirmed with Abraham was renued with Isaac Gen. 26.4 and made known unto Jacob by Jesus Christ himself for that man which wrestled with Jacob was none other but the man Christ Jesus for himself said that Jacob should be called Israel a wrestler and prevailer with God and Jacob called the name of the place Peniel because he had seen God face to face And Iacob left it by his last will unto his children in these words The scepter shall not depart from Iudah nor a law giver from between his feet till Shilo come That is to say Of Judah shall Kings come one after another and many in number till at last the Lord Jesus come who is King of Kings and Lord of Lords Or as the Thargum of Jerusalem and the Onkelos do translate it until Christ the ano●nted come Nom. But Sir are you sure that this promised seed was meant of Christ Evan. The Apostle puts that out of doubt Gal. 3.16 saying Now unto Abraham and to his seed were the promises made He saith not and to seeds as of many but as of one and to thy seed which is Christ and so no doubt but these godly Patriarks did understand it Ant. But Sir the great promise that was made unto them as I conceive and which they seemed to have most regard unto was the land of Canaan Evan. There is no doubt but that these godly Patriarks did see their heavenly inheritance by Christ through the promise of the land of Canaan as the Apostle testifieth of Abraham Heb. 11. saying He sojourned in a strange country and looked for a city having a foundation whose builder and maker is God Whereby it is evident saith Calvin that the height and eminency of Abrahams faith was the looking for an everlasting life in heaven The like testimony he gives of Sarah Isaac and Jacob saying All these dyed in the faith Implying that they did not expect to receive the fruit of the promise till after death And therefore in all their travels they had before their eyes the blessednesse of the life to come which caused old Jacob to say at his death Lord I have waited for thy salvation The which speech the Chaldee paraphrases expound thus Our father Jacob said not I expect the salvation of Gideon son of Joash which is a temporall salvation nor the salvation of Sampson son of Manoah which is a transitory salvation but the salvation of Christ the son of David who shall come and bring unto himself the sons of Israel whose salvation my soule desireth And so you see that this Covenant made with Abraham in Christ was the comfort and support of these and the rest of the godly fathers untill their departure out of Egypt Ant. And what followed then Evan. Why then Christ Jesus was most clearly manifested unto them in the Passeover lamb for as that lamb was to be without spot or blemish Exod. 12.5 even so was Christ 1 Pet. 1.19 And as that lamb was taken up the tenth day of the first new moon in March even so on the very same day of the same moneth came Christ to Jerusalem to suffer his passion And as that lamb was killed on the fourteenth day at even just then on the same day and at the same houre did Christ give up the ghost And as the blood of that lambe was to be sprinkled on the Israelites doores Exod. 12.7 Even so is the blood of Christ sprinkled on believers hearts by faith 1 Pet. 1.2 And their deliverance out of Egypt was a figure of their redemption by Christ their passing through the Red sea was a type of Baptisme when Christ should come in the flesh And their manna in the wildernesse and water out of the rock did resemble the sacrament of the Lords supper and hence it is that the Apostle saith they did all eat the same spirituall meat and did all drink the same spirituall drink for they drank of that spirituall rock that followed them and that rock was Christ. And when they were come to mount Sinai the Lord delivered the Ten Commandements unto them Ant. And were the Ten Commandements as they were delivered to them on mount Sinai the Covenant of works Evan. Yea indeed were they Nom But by your favour Sir you know that these people were the posterity of Abraham and therefore under that covenant of grace which God made with their father And therefore I do not think that they were delivered to them as the covenant of works For Sir you know the Lord never delivers the covenant of works to any that are under the covenant of grace Evan. Indeed 't is true the Lord did manifest so much love to the body of this nation that all the naturall seed of Abraham were externally and by profession under the covenant of grace made with their father Abraham though 't is to be feared many of them were still under the covenant of works made with their father Adam Nom. But Sir you know in the preface to the Commandements the Lord cals himself by the name of their God in generall and therefore it should seem that they were all of them the people of God Evan. That is nothing to the purpose for many wicked and ungodly men being in the visible
known unto them the doctrine of the Covenant of grace yet after his departure through the seducement of false teachers they were soon turned to the Covenant of works and sought to be justified either in whole or in part by it as you may see if you doe seriously consider that Epistle nay what sayth Luther it is sayth he the generall opinion of mans reason throughout the whole world That righteousnesse is gotten by the works of the Law and the reason is because the Covenant of works was ingendred in the mindes of men in the very creation so that man naturally can judge no otherwise of the law then as of a Covenant of works which was given to make righteous and to give life and salvation this pernitious opinion of the Law that it justifieth and maketh righteous before God sayth Luther again is so deeply rooted in mans reason and all mankinde are so wrapped in it that they can hardly get out yea I my selfe sayth hee have now preached the Gospell almost twenty years and have been exercised in the same daily by reading and writing so that I may well seeme to bee rid of this wicked opinion yet notwithstanding I now and then feele this old filth cleave to my heart whereby it commeth to passe that I would willingly so have to doe with God that I would bring somthing with my selfe because of which hee should give me his grace nay it is to bee feared that as you sayd many amongst us who have more means of light ordinarily then ever Luther or any before him had who yet notwithstanding doe either wholy or partly expect justification and acceptation by the works of the Law Ant. Sir I am verily perswaded that there be very many in this City of London that are carryed with a blinde preposterous zeale after their own good works and well doings secretly seeking to become holy just and righteous before God by their diligent keeping and carefull walking in all Gods Commandements and yet no man can perswade them that they doe so and truly Sir I am verily perswaded that this our neighbour and friend Nomista is one of them Evan. Alas there is a thousand in the world that make a Christ of their works and here is their undoing c. They looke for righteousnesse and acceptation more in the precept then in the promise in the law then in the Gospel in working then in believing and miscarry many poor ignorant souls amongst us when we bid them obey and doe duties they can thinke of nothing but working themselves to life when they are troubled they must lick thēselves whole when wounded they must run to the salve of duties and stream of performances and neglect Christ. Nay it is to be feared that there bee divers who in words are able to distinguish between the Law and the Gospel and in their judgements hold and maintain that man is justified by faith without the works of the Law and yet in effect and practise that is to say in heart and conscience doe otherwise rhere is some touch of this in us all otherwise we should not be so up and down in our comforts and believing as we are still and cast down with every weaknesse as we are But what say you neighbour Nomista are you guilty of these things thinke you Nom. Truly Sir I must needs confesse I begin to be somwhat jealous of my selfe that I am so and because I desire your judgement touching my condition I would intreat you to give me leave to relate it unto you Evan. With a very good will Nom. Sir I having bin born brought up in a Countrey where there was very little preaching the Lord he knoweth I lived a great while in ignorance and blindnesse and yet because I did often repeat the Lords Prayer the Apostles Creed and the ten Commandements and in that I came sometimes to Divine Service as they call it and at Easter receive the Communion I thought my condition to bee good but at last by means of hearing a zealous and godly Minister in this City not long after my comming hither I was convinced that my present condition was not good and therefore I went to the same Minister and told him what I thought of my selfe So hee told mee that I must frequent the hearing of Sermons and keepe the Sabbath very strictly and leave off swearing by my faith and troth and such like oaths and beware of lying and all idle words and communication yea and sayd hee you must get good books to read on as Master Dod on the Commandements M. Boultons directions for comfortable walking with God Mast●● Brinsleys true Watch and such like and many such like exhortations and directions he gave me the which I liked very well of and therefore endeavoured my selfe to follow them so I fell to the hearing of the most godly zealous and powerfull Preachers that were in this City and wrote their Sermons after them and when God gave mee a Family I did pray with them and instructed them and repeated Sermons to them and spent the Lords day in publique and private exercises and left off my swearing and lying and idle talking according to his exhortation in few wordes I did so reforme my selfe and my life that whereas before I had been onely carefull to performe the duties of the second Table of the Law and that to the end I might gain favour and respect from civill honest men and to avoid the penalty of mans law or temporall punishment now I was also carefull to performe the duties required in the first Table of the Law and that to gaine favour and respect from religious honest men and to avoid the penalty of Gods Law even eternall torments in hell Now when professors of Religion observe this change in me they ca●● to my house and gave unto mee the right hand of fellowship counted me one of that number And then I invited godly Ministers to my table and made much of them then with that same Mica mentioned in the book of Judges I was perswaded the Lord would be mercifull unto me because I had gotten a Levite to be my Priest in a word I did now yield such an outward obedience and conformity to both Tables of the Law that all godly Ministers and religious honest men that knew me did thinke very well of mee counting me to be a very honest man and a good Christian and indeed I thought so of my selfe especially because I had their approbation and thus I went on bravely a great while even untill I read in Master Boultons works that the outward righteousnesse of the Scribes and Pharisees was famous in those times for besides their forbearing and protesting against grosse sins as murther theft adultery idolatry and the like they were frequent and constant in prayer fasting and almes deeds so that without question many of them were perswaded that their doings would purchase