it It is not very great but as neat and handsom a City as most in Germany There is in it a very great Market-place with never a bad House in it the whole Town is built of a very white free Stone and the Castle upon the Hill is of a Modern building very large there is also a Bridge over the Danube The Imperial Forces Rendezvouzed here when Solyman came to Vienna in 1532. This was also besieged by the Peasants of Austria in the time of Ferdinand II. They having got a Body together of forty thousand Men and many pieces of Ordnance but were stoutly repulsed after many Assaults and at last overcome by Papenheim The late renowned Duke of Lorraine dyed at a Convent near this Lintz See Lorraine Lintz Lentium a small Town upon the Rhine in the Diocese of Cologn in Westerwaldt five Miles beneath Coblentz to the North six from Cologn in the borders of the Dukedom of Juliers Lintzgow Lentinensis Populus a part of the Dukedom of Bavaria Lipari Liparae a knot of small Islands being seven in number belonging to the Kingdom of Sicily they lie in the Tyrrhenian Sea about thirty Miles to the North-West of the Island and the same distance from Calabria to the West Though they belong to Sicily yet Charles V. for his convenience attributed them to the Kingdom of Naples but in 1609. they were restored to Sicily and at this day are holden by the King of Spain as a part of it The ancient Poets Epithet them Aeoliae and Vulcaniae from a fiction of their being the Country of the Gods of those names The principal is the Island called Lipari which has an Episcopal City to enable it under the Metropolitical jurisdiction of Messina in Sicily In 1544. Barberousse the Turkish Admiral ruined this City but it was rebuilt again and a considerable Fortress added to it Lippa a City of Transylvania seated upon the River Marosch which falls in the Tibiscus at Segedin It stands five Hungarian Miles from Temeswar to the North and thirteen from Alba Julia or Weissenburgh to the South-West This City was taken in 1595. from the Turks by the Emperor Retaken by Assault by General Caraffa with a Body of ten thousand Imperialists on Aug. 19. 1688. And the Castle into which the Garrison retreated to save themselves being about two thousand Soldiers was obliged to Surrender upon discretion two days after There were eighteen pieces of Cannon in it Lippe Lippia a City of Westphalia more commonly called Lipstat It stands upon the River Lippe three German Miles from Paderborn to the East in Marshes and a bad Air yet it is a Hanse Town very great and the Capital of a County of the same name It was once too a Free Imperial City in length of time it became exempt and fell under the Jurisdiction of the Counts of Lippe and by one of them was mortgaged to the Duke of Cleve for eight thousand Marks of Silver and never since redeemed but together with Cleve fell to the Duke of Brandenburgh Charlemaigne assembled the Bishops of Germany here in 780. The County of Lippe is a part of the Circle of Westphalia between the Bishoprick of Paderborn the Dukedom of Westphalia and the County or Earldom of Ravensberg It is under its own Count the principal Town excepted whose Residence is at Lemgow He has also a part of the Earldom of Schaumburgh not long since granted him by Maurice Landtgrave of Hassia The Lippe Lupias Luppia is a River of Germany mentioned by Strabo and Mela. It ariseth in a Village called Lippsprinck near Paderborn and running Westward watereth Lippe or Lipstad separating the Diocese of Munster from the County of Mark it passeth by Ham Dorsten and Wesel into the Rhine twelve Miles beneath Cologn to the North-West Lippio Hyppius a River of Bithynia which falls into the Euxine Sea near Heraclea Ponti Lipuda Aretas a River of Calabria which falleth by the City of Vmbriatico into the Ionian Sea Lire Lira See Liere above Only let me add the Elogy given it by L. Guicciardin Lira elegans amoenum Brabantiae oppidum adeo ut multorum hujus Tractus Nobilium in otio degentium à curis turba jucundissimus sit recessus Lire is so beautiful and pleasant a Town of Brabant that many of the Nobility thereof make it their beloved recess from Cares and Crouds of Men. Lirio Iris the same with Casalmach Lis Loegia The same with Leye Lisbon Olysippo Vlysippo the Spaniards call it Lisboa the Capital City of the Kingdom of Portugal the Royal Seat of their Kings and an Archbishops See made by P. Boniface IX It has a large safe convenient Harbor and a Castle built on a Hill by the Taso on the North side of which River the City stands two Leagues from the Ocean and six from Cabo di Rocca Sintra In Long. 11. 00. Lat. 38. 50. According to Dr. Heylyn in Long. 9. 10. Lat. 38. 30. This City was recovered from the Moors by Alphonsus King of Portugal in 1147. It is the greatest in all Spain and every day encreasing At a Town called Bethlem within half a League of it are to be seen the Tombs of the Kings of Portugal Of this City the Spaniards have a Proverb Qui no ha visto Lisboa no ha visto cosa boa He that has not seen Lisbonne has seen nothing that 's good Lisieux Lexobii Lexovium Neomagus a City in the Vpper Normandy upon the River Tucca or rather Lezon which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Roan a great and fine City seated in a fruitful Country five Leagues from the Shoars of the British Seas to the East eighteen from Roan to the West and ten from Caen to the East The Country about is from it called the Lieuvin Caesar in his Commentaries twice mentions the Forces of the ancient People thereof against the Romans In 1106. The Ecclesiastiques held a Council here in the presence of Henry I. King of England and since others Lismore Lismora a small City in the Province of Munster in the County of Waterford which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cashell but this Bishoprick has been united to that of Waterford since 1363. It stands upon the River More fifteen Miles from the Vergivian Ocean and twenty two from Cashell Lisnia a strong Fortress in Bosnia surprized by the Imperialists July 18. 1690. after having in the two precedent Years been thrice attack'd by them in vain Two hundred Christian Slaves were here free'd Lison Casius a Mountain of Syria mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy lying between Cilicia and Phoenicia near Antioch and Laodicea There is another Mountain by it called the Anticasus and a Country between them called heretofore Casiolis in which are the Cities of Antiochia Seleucia Laodicea Epiphania Marathus Antaradus and some others most of which are by the Turks now Masters of this Country ruined A Gentleman who had Travelled over this Country informing me that it was little
Heydelberg to the South and six from Spire This belongs now to the Family of Durlach but was heretofore under the Duke of Wurtembergh Pharia See Lesina â—haris an ancient City of Laconia in the Peloponnesus where there stood in the times of the Heathens an Oraculous Statue of Mercury much consulted and admired together with another of the Goddess Vesta Pharmacusa a small Island of the Aegean Sea towards the Province of Ionia in Asia the Less now called Fermaco Julius Caesar here fell into the hands of Pyrates and Attalus a King of Pergamus was killed Pharos a small Island at the Entrance of the Port of Alexandria in Egypt about a Mile distant from Alexandria to which it is now connected by a long Bank Alexander the Great not succeeding in his Attempt to build a City here because of the streightness of the Place thereupon founded Alexandria upon the Continent over against it But it became afterwards extraordinarily famous by the Light Tower erected upon it in the year of Rome 470. and the 124. Olymp. by Ptolemeus Philadelphus King of Egypt A Tower of so prodigious a Mass and Structure of the Contrivance of the great Architect Sostratus Cnidius as to be esteemed one of the Wonders of the World Ptolemy bestowed eight hundred Talents in the building of it Statius mentions it with the Elogium of Lumina Noctivagae tollit Pharos aemula Lunae It gave Light into the Sea a very great space Was dedicated in an Inscription to the Gods the Conservators of Sailors and all the like Light Towers since have been called Phari from it Pharsalus See Farsa above Only let it be added that this City since Christianity was first a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Larissa and afterwards an Archbishop's under the Patriarch of Constantinople Phaselis See Fionda Phasis a River of the Province of Mengrelia in Georgia It ariseth from a part of the Mountain Caucasus and passing by Cotatis the Capital of the Kingdom of Imiretta and the City Phasis in Mengrelia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Trebisonda it runs to discharge it self into the Black Sea where its Mouth is above half a League in breadth and sixty Fathom depth Upon this River Amurath III. his Fleet of Galleys employed to make a Conquest of the North and East Coasts of the Black Sea was surprized and defeated by the King of Imiretta Towards the Mouth of it stand divers agreeable little Islands covered with Wood. The principal of them had a Fortress built upon it by the Turks in 1578 which in 1640. the King of Imiretta assisted with the Princes of Mengrelia and Guriel took and demolished carrying away thence twenty five Pieces of Cannon to Cotatis The antient Historians speak of a Temple dedicated to the Goddess Rhea upon an Island of the Phasis But we see no remains thereof at this day as neither of the City Sebaste placed at the mouth of the Phasis by the antient Geographers In the beginning of this Rivers course it is very impetuous but having gained the Plain it runs so smoothly and its Waters are so light that they swim it s said above the Euxine for some considerable Space Now called Fachs and Fasso Phazzeth Phasis the Capital of Mengrelia a City of great antiquity mentioned by Pliny and Strabo It stands upon the Euxine Sea at the Mouth of a River of the same name and was heretofore a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Trebesonde Sir John Chardin who entered this River and took great pains to find this City could not find the least remainder or token of the City he saith the Channel of the River is at its fall into the Sea a Mile and half broad and sixty Fathom deep called by the Turks Fachs by the Mengrelians Rione and that it ariseth out of Mount Caucasus See Phasis Pheneum an ancient City of Arcadia in the Peloponnesus at the foot of the Mountain Cyllene which heretofore disputed the Preheminence with Tegea the Capital of the Country It stood near a Lake of the same name the different Qualities whereof in the Night and in the Day are thus described by Ovid Metham 15. Est locus Arcadiae Pheneum dixere priores Ambiguis suspectus aquis has nocte timeto Nocte nocent potae sine noxa luce bibuntur Phictiaid Picti the most ancient Inhabitants of Scotland who lived in that Kingdom when the Romans Conquered Britain and by their Inroads upon the Britains after the Romans withdrew occasioned the calling in the Saxons See Picti Phidari Euenus a River of Aetolia which riseth out of Mount Callidromus and pursues its course Southward to the Ionian Sea which it entereth not far from the Gulph of Corinth or Lepanto Philadelphia See Filadelphia in Lydia § The Antients mention a second in Cilicia a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia and a third in Coelesyria a Bishops See likewise under the Archb. of Bussereth But there have been Alterations in those Sees in following times The latter Place according to S. Jerom should be the same with the Hebrew Rabath or the modern Petra in the Stony Arabia Civtad del Re Philippe a Town built by the Spaniards in 1585. in South America purposely to preclude the passage into the Streights of Magellan from the English and Dutch Since ruined by the Indians and the place called Porto Famine Philippeville a Town in Hainault of great strength fortified by Mary Queen of Hungary Governess of the Low Countries in 1555 and so named from Philip II. King of Spain by the Pyrenean Treaty in 1660. granted to the French It stands thirteen Miles from Brussels seven from Namur and ten from Mons. The Philippine Islands Philippinae called also the Islands of Lusson and les Manilhes from the principal of them are a knot of Islands belonging to Asia which took this name from Philip II King of Spain in whose times in 1549. they were viewed and carefully observed by Ruy Lupo a Spaniard Some apprehend them to be the Barussae of Ptolemy In 1564. Michael Lupo another Spaniard was sent to people and reduce them They lie between China to the North and the Molucco Islands to the South between thirteen and fourteen degr of Northern Latitude The exact number of them is not known but they are supposed to be above ten thousand the greatest of them is Manilia or Luconia The Spaniards were once Masters of the greatest part of these Islands and built some considerable Cities in them but their Affairs growing less prosperous in Europe and the Dutch East-India Company having ruined their Trade here many of them have defected from the Spaniards who have been forced to leave others so that they do with some difficulty keep their possession in the Island of Manilia the greatest and most Northern of them the Seat of the Governour and a Bishop These Islands were at first subject to the King of China who abandoned them about 1520. First discovered by Ferdinando Magellanes
Greek Christians who ever since the third Century have been planting their solitary Settlements here So that in the former Christian times this Mountain with Horeb had as many Chappels upon it as employed fourteen thousand Hermits to serve them but the Turks have reduced that number since The Israelites lay encamped a whole year about this Mountain Singara an ancient City in Mesopotamia near a Mountain of the same Name now said to be called Atalis It saw a severe Battel betwixt the Armies of the Emperour Constantius and Sapores II. King of Persia in 349. Singen two Villages upon Rocks almost inaccessible within a quarter of a Mile from one another in the Dukedom of Wirtemburgh in Schwaben in Germany near the Castle of Hoentwiel Sinopi Sinope a celebrated City of Paphlagonia in the Lesser Asia upon the Euxine Sea which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Amisum Seated upon a small River of the same Name having two Harbors Built by Macritius a Coan about the year of Rome 125 and fell not into the Romans hands till they had conquered Mithridates who had a Palace here After this it became a Colony In later times subject to its own Bishop from whom it was ravished by the Turks who call it Sinabe It has had yet the good fortune to preserve it self in a tolerable State under those devouring Enemies of Mankind Long. 64. 00. Lat. 45. 00. Valerius Flaccus intimates its ancient Splendor where he says Assyrios complexa sinus stat opima Sinope Diogenes the Cynick Philosopher was its Native Sinuessa an antient Roman Colony in the Campagna di Roma in Italy which Ptolemy calls Soessa and Livy Synope It became afterwards a Bishop's See but is now ruined and Rocca di Mondragone is built in the place of it Baronius refers the Council in 30â— that was held in the affair of P. Marcellinus to this City Sion Sèdunum a City ascribed by Pliny to Gallia Narbonensis now the Capital of Valais and called by the Germans Sitten It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Moutiers en Tarontaise in a pleasant Plain having only one Hill on the East side on which stand three Castles in one of them the Bishop resides There is a small River runs by it called Sitta which after falls into the Rhosne It stands fifteen Miles from Bearne to the South and fifty five from Geneva to the East The Bishop is the Sovereign of the City Earl of Valais and a Prince of the Empire who for his security is Leagued with the Seven Catholick Cantons of the Swiss the Pretensions of the Duke of Savoy to his Country having formerly occasioned long and bloody Wars The See did reside at Martigny in Chablais till the ruine of that Place and then it came to be translated hither Charles the Great about the year 802 bestowed these great Privileges upon this See Sion a Mountain and Cittadel in the ancient Jerusalem on which a part of that City was built The Knights of the Teutonick Order bore the name heretofore of the Order of our Lady of Mount Sion Sior Siorium a City in Asia the Capital of the Province of Semgad and Kingdom of Corea a Tributary Prince to the Kingdom of China It is seated sixty Leagues from the Southern Borders of that Kingdom upon a great River as Henry Hamel van Gorcum a Dutchman saith who lately published his Travels in this Kingdom This Kingdom lies to the North-East of China in a great Peninsula toward Japan and the Streights of Anian Sipbntum an old Roman Town in the Province called Capuanata in the Kingdom of Naples whose Ruines yet appear at the soot of Mount Gargano two Miles from Manfredonia It had the honour to be made an Archbishop's See but being by the Saracens in the eighth Century Earthquakes and other Misfortunes destroyed the See was removed to Manfredonia The Antients mention it under the several names of Sypus Sepius Sepus Sipontum and Sepuntum The Gulph upon the Adriatick Sea near to it took and retains its name Sirad Sirackz Siradia a City in the Greater Poland which is the Capital of a Palatinate of the same name It stands upon the River Warta six Miles from Vielun to the North twenty from Breslo to the East and forty five from Warsaw to the West Sirmish Sirmich or Zirmach Sirmis Sermium Sirmium a City of the Lower Pannonia in which Probus the Emperor was born Now called Szreim by the Natives and Sirmish by the Germans a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza and the Capital of a County called by its Name in Sclavonia It lies between the Danube to the East the Save to the South Walcowar to the North and Possega to the South This City stands fourteen German Miles from Belgrade to the West about two from the Save to the North and from Esseck to the South at the soot of Mount Almus Now by the Turks reduced to a mere Village formerly famous for two Arian Councils held under Constantius the Emperor one in 351. the other in 357. Socrat. l. 2. c. 25. Long. 43. 05. Lat. 45. 24. Photinus was then Bishop of the Place whom they deposed for a Sabellian In one they omitted the Word Consubstantial in the other they forbad both the Word and the Thing Le Siron Sirio Serio a River of Aquitain in France Situs or Sidrocapsa a City of Macedonia famous for its Silver Mines and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Thessalonica from which it stands fifty five Miles to the East towards Mount Athos Called in the latter Maps Sidrocapse but by Leunclavius Sirus Sisseg Siscia an ancient City of Pannonia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza Now a Village in Croatia with a Monastery seated upon the Save and the Colaps in the Borders of Sclavonia two Miles from Zagrab or Agram which has robbed it of the Bishops See Under the Emperor Sisteron Segâ—stero Segesteriorum Vrbs Sistarica an ancient City of Gallia Naâ—bonensis now a Bishops See in the Province of Provence in France great and populous built upon the River Durance where it receives the Buech in the Borders of Dauphiné twenty four Leagues from Orange to the East twenty six from Grenoble to the South and from Marseilles to the North-East Sittaw or Zitaw Setuja a City of Germany in Lusatia Sitten See Sion a City in Valais Sittia Cytaeum a City at the North-end of the Isle of Candy called Setia and Sitia which is a Bishops See small but very strong seated in a Peninsula and for the most part surrounded by the See it has a noble large safe Haven the Capital of a County and one of the four Cities of that Island but in Slavery under the Turks Siucheu a Territory in the Province of Nanquin in China Sixenne a Village upon the Borders of the Kingdom of Arragon in Spain famous for a Priory of the Order of S. John of Jerusalem sounded about the year 1188. by Queen
have found their Ruins in the Wars of this Kingdom so the other is choaked up The Corporation retains the Honour of the Election of two Members to represent it in Parliament Warmerlandt Warmia a Province of Prussia called by the Inhabitants Ermelandt Bounded almost every way by the Ducal Prussia the Capital of it is Heilsbergh in which the Bishop of this Province resides which stands 8 German Miles from Regensperg to the South Warminster a Market Town in Wiltshire the Capital of its Hundred seated at the Spring of the River Willybourn or Willy and heretofore of very great note being the antient Verlucio Warrington Khigodunum a Town in Lancashire in the Borders of Cheshire upon the River Mersey over which it hath a fair stone Bridg leading into the last mentioned County in the Hundred of Darby Here the Scotch Army under Duke Hamilton was defeated by the Parliamentarians in the year 1648. Warsaw VVarsovia the Capital City of the Kingdom of Poland called by the Poles VVarswa by the Germans Warschaw by the French Varsovie It is the chief City of Mazovia upon the Vistula Twenty four Miles from Lenczycze or Lanschet thirty three from Gnesna and fifty from Lemburg Taken by the Swedes in the year 1665. after a great Victory the year following the Poles retook it and it is now under its own Prince A great and populous City being as it were near the Centre of that Kingdom has enjoyed the Residence of their Kings and the Courts of Justice ever since the Reign of Sigismond III. who built here a Royal Palace for his Successors There has also been added a great pile of Buildings now called the New City Long. 43. 20. Lat. 52. 25. Warte Varta a River of Poland which arising out of the Lesser Poland and entring the Greater washeth Siracks and Posnan and taking in the Obra the Notesik and the Prosna beneath Landsperg in the Marquisate of Brandenburg falls into the Oder near Custrin Warwick Varvicum Praesidium Verovicum the Shire-Town of the County of Warwick is seated on the West-side of the River Avon over which it has a Stone Bridge in the middle of the County Called by the Welsh Caer Guarvic and Caer Leon by the Romans Praesidium which signifies the same thing with the Brittish Name It stands upon a steep and craggy Rock mounted on high not easily approached hath two Parish Churches a handsom Market-House of Freestone an indowed Hospital the Assizes and Sessions for the County are kept at it and it was fortified with Walls and Ditches and towards the South-VVest it had a strong Castle Ethelsled a Mercian Queen rebuilt it in the year 911. In the year 1076 Henry de Newburg was created Earl of Warwick by William the Conqueror This Family lasted five Descents and in the year 1242 John Marshal was the seventh Earl in the Right of Margery Sister and Heir of Thomas the last Earl John de Placetis her second Husband was the eighth in 1243 William Maudit the ninth in 1263. William Beauchamp Son of Isabel Sister and Heir of William Maudit in 1268. This Family continued five Descents amongst which Henry Beauchamp the Favourite of King Henry VI who crowned him King of the Isle of VVight received this Place with the advanced Title of Duke which vanished after him And in the year 1449 Richard Nevil who married Anne Sister of Henry Beauchamp the former Earl and Duke of VVarwick succeeded in the Title of Earl In 1471 George Duke of Clarence Brother to Edward IV by the Marriage of Anne Daughter of Richard Nevil was the eighteenth succeeded by Edward Plantagenet his Son in 1471. In 1547 John Dudley and in 1562 Ambrose his Son descended from the Lady Margaret Daughter of Richard Beauchamp Earl of VVarwick In 1618 Robert Lord Rich of Leeze was created the twenty second Earl of VVarwick by James I. Charles great Grandson to Robert died without Issue whereupon Robert Rich Earl of Holland his Cousin Germain succeeded in the Earldom of VVarwick and left both the Titles of Warwick and Holland united to Edward the present Earl the twenty seventh and the sixth of this Family Warwick returns two Parliament Men and stands in the Hundred of Kington Warwickshire Varvicensis Comitatus is bounded on the North by Staffordshire on the East by Leicester and Northamptonshires on the South by Oxford and Gloucester and on the VVest by the County of Worcester In length from North to South thirty three Miles in breadth twenty five the whole Circumference one hundred and thirty five containing one hundred and fifty eight Parishes and fifteen Market Towns As it is seated well near in the heart of England so the Air and Soil are of the best the River Avon divides it in the middle VVhat lies South of that River is divided between fruitful Corn-Fields and lovely Meadows which from Edg-hill present the Viewer with a Plain equal to that of Jordan That which lies North is VVood Land The Cornavii were the old the Mercians the later Masters of this County There have been three great Battels sought in it One in the year 749 wherein Cuthred King of the West Saxons slew Ethelbald King of the Mercians at Seckington near Tamworth The second in the year 1468 at Edgcote in which the then Earl of Warwick defeated Edward IV and took him Prisoner The third in the year 1642 at Edg-hill in which Charles I overthrew the Parliament Forces under the Earl of Essex The Principal Town in this Shire is Coventry Wasgow Vasgovia Vogesus Tractus a Tract in Lorrain called by the French Le Pais de Vauge which takes its Name from a Mountain It lies between the Dukedoms of Lorain and Bipont and the Palatinate of the Rhine and it is a part of Germany Wash A Stream in the County of Rutland Wassi or Vassi Vasseum a Town in the Lower Champagne in France upon the Marn in the Diocess of Chalons well situated in a fruitful Soil A Rencounter betwixt the Duke of Guise and the Huguenots at this Town in the Reign of Charles IX gave an occasion to the ensuing Civil VVais of Religion in this Kingdom Watchet a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Williton by the Sea-side Waterford Vaterfordia Mapiana a Town and County in the Province of Munster on the South of Ireland The Town is called by the Irish Phurtlairge The Capital of its County and next Dublin the greatest place in that Kingdom having a very large and safe Haven under the Protection of a strong Fort called Duncannon Fort and conveniently seated for a Trade with any part of the World Built by the Norwegians in a bad Air and a barren Soil at the Mouth of the River Shour Ever since it came into the hands of the English it has continued very loyal to this Crown and has on that score obtained many signal Privileges from it In the year 1649 they forced Oliver Cromwel to draw off when he was Master of
Saviours Birth This is one of the greatest richest and best peopled parts of the Kingdom of Naples Absorus an Island and City on the Coast of Illyriam mentioned by Hyginus Abugana a Province in the Realm of Angota part of the Dominions of the Grand Negus Abuyo one of the Philippine Islands in the East-Indies between Luzonia and Mindanao in this and the rest the Spaniards have Forts and drive a great Trade with their American Territories Abutich heretofore Abydus a very eminent City of Egypt 22 Miles from Ptolemais to the North it stands upon the Nile Here was the Palace of Memnon and the Temple of Osiris so much celebrated in the ancient Poetry and Mythick History Long. 61. 20. Lat. 26. 50. Abydos a Fortress in Asia opposite to Sestos in Europe on the Hellespont both which are now called the Dardanelli made famous by the Love of Hero and Leander and by the vast Bridge here laid cross the Sea by Xerxes Abyla a Mountain in Afric answering to Calpe another Mountain in Spain on the European side of the Streight of Gibraltar they are usually call'd Hercules Pillars because they were the bounds of his Travels Westward This is now call'd by the Mariners Apes-Hill either corruptly from Abyla or as they say from the multitude of Apes there to be seen Abyso anciently Orinus is a River of Sicily which falls into the Sea between Syracusa and Pachynus or Cape Passaro the most Southern Promontory of that Island Aca Acre Acri or Acon a Sea-Port in Phenicia which was called by the Grecians and Romans Ptolemais the latter fixed here a Colony After the loss of Jerusalem in the times of the Holy War it was the Capital of that Kingdom for some time till being taken by the Moors it was intirely ruined it lies 24 Miles South of Tyrus Long. 66. 30. Lat. 33. 00. From this place the Knights of S. John of Jerusalem removed to Rhodes Acachuma the Achuma of Ptolomy a Town in Ethiopia which the Inhabitants take to have been the Residence of Maqueda Queen of Sheba Acada Sangarius a River of Bithynia Acadinus a Fountain in Sicily where they tried the verity of an Oath by writing it on a Board and throwing it into the Water where if it sunk it betoken'd it to be false Acafran otherwise Celef or Quinalaf a River of Mauritania now called Vetxilef Acamante or Acamas a Promontory on the West side of the Isle of Cyprus at this time known by the name of Crusocco or Capo di S. Epifanio Acanes two Cities of Guinea in Africa one called the Greater the other Acanes the Less Acanthus the antient Name of several Towns and Cities at this time unknown except one in Acarnania now call'd Erisso according to Sophian and another in Egypt now nam'd Bisalta Acapulco a City of New Spain in the Pacific Sea or Mar del Zur near 100 Leagues from Mexico where they usually imbark for Peru and the Philippine Islands Acarnania the antient Name of a Province of Epirus now by Niger said to be call'd Despotato parted from Aetolia by the River Achelous and Mount Pindus heretofore remarkable for the Luxury of its Inhabitants and the Excellency of the Horses there bred § A Town also there was of this Name in Sicily not far from Syracuse mention'd by Tully to have been famous for a Temple there dedicated to Jupiter which Temple was afterwards destroy'd by the Goths Acaxi a City of Japan 25 Leagues from Meaco the Capital City of that Kingdom Acaxulta a considerable Port in New Spain on the Shore of Mar del Zur about seven Leagues from S. Salvador between New Leon and S. Jago de Guatimala Accadia a Province on the North-East Coast of America part of Nova Francia seiz'd by the English and by them called Nova Scotia but return'd to the French upon the Treaty of Breda 1667. § Also a little City in the farther Principate of the Kingdom of Naples Accadie a Peninsula in New France Accara The Name of two Towns in Guinea the Greater and the Less between the River Volta and Fort S. George de Mina Accaraig or Accarig a Town in Peru near the River Parana called also the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Accaron Ekron heretofore a famous City of the Philistins now a poor Village and called by the same Name Accettura a little City in that part of Naples call'd the Basilicate Acci Guadix a City Bishoprick and Colony of Spain in the Kingdom of Granada nine Leagues from Granada East It lies at the Foot of the Mountains not far from the Head of the River Guadalentin it was taken from the Moors in 1489. The Bishop of it is under the Archbishop of Sevil. Accia a City and Bishoprick of the Island of Corsica now ruined and the Bishoprick united with that of Mariana Acdeniz the present Turkish name of the Egean Sea or Archipelago Aceldama a Field near the Valley of Tophet in Judaea to the South of Mount Sion and of the Valley of Jehoshaphat serving for a Burying-place for Strangers and Pilgrims that die at Jerusalem This Name signifying a Field of Blood was given it instead of that of The Potters Field because it was bought with the thirty Pieces of Silver which were the price of Judas his betraying our Saviour Acellaro by some call'd Abisso and Atellari the Elorus of the Antients a River in Sicily falling into the Sea near the Ruines of the old City Elorus Acerenza or Cirenza anciently known by the name of Acherontia a City of the Kingdom of Naples in the County called the Basilicate which is a part of Calabria this City lies upon the River Bradanum at the foot of the Apennine it was formerly an Archbishoprick but the City being in a declining state the See is united to that of Mateola Acerno or Acierno a little City in the Citerior Principality of the Realm of Naples 15 Miles from Salern to the East L'Acerra a City and Bishoprick of the Kingdom of Naples under the Archbishop of Naples and but 8 Miles distant from the Capital City it lies in Terra di Lavoro in the Road to Benevento Acesine a River in Sicily having its rise on the North of Mount Aetna said to be now called Cantara and Alcantara § Also the antient Name of a considerable River in Asia which falls into the Indus famous for the large Canes growing on its Banks § Another there is so nam'd in the Taurica Chersonesus or Przecop Acha Achza a River of Bavaria it flows through the Lake of Chiemeze and falls into the River Inns which last River falls into the Danube at Passaw Achacica Achachica Achiacica a Town of New Spain where there are several Mines of Silver it lies 18 Leagues North from S. Angelo Achaia is taken in a twofold signification either denoting the whole Country of Hellas or Greece still enjoying the same Appellation as well as that of Livadia by which Name also it is now call'd It contain'd the Provinces
of Sevil Hispalis which were both re-conquered and added to Castile by Ferdinand II. in 1248. It is divided into two parts by the River Guadalquivir Betis and the chief City is Sevil. New Andalusia a Province of the Terra-firmâ— in America between Venezuela and Guiana The chief City of it is new Corduba They used to fish for Pearl upon those Coasts Anoanagar a City in the Kingdom of Decan in the East-Indies almost ruin'd Andance Andancia a small Town in Vivarets in Languedoc in France where the River Dome falls into the Rhosne Andarge a River arising in the Valleys of Vnsâ—an in France which falls into the Arron near Verneuill Andaye a Town in France upon the frontiers of Spain two Leagues from S. Jean de Luz Andeli Andelium Andeliacum a Town in Normandy upon the Seine Anthony of Bourbon King of Navarre and Father to Henry IV. dyed here of the Wounds he received at the Siege of Rouen Anâ—eâ—â—e a River of France arising hard by la Ferte which falls into the Seine at l'Arche Andelot a Town in Champagne in France upon the River Rougnâ—n of extraordinary Privileges Andemaâ—n the name of halt a dozen Islands in the Gulph of Ganges near the Kingdom of Pegu in the East-Indies Andera a City of Phrygia in Asia Minor Andernaâ— Antenacum a Town upon the Rhine in the Archbishoprick of Cologne Anderskaw or Andershouw a great Monastery heretofore now a strong Castle in the Island of Seeland in Denmark delicately built Here Frederick II. dyed in 1548. Andes called by some the Cordillera's is one of the vastest and highest Ridges of Mountains in the World they begin in the North part of the Kingdom of Peru and are continued from thence without any Interruption to the Streights of Magellan by the space of 1000 Spanish Leagues much of the same height and seldom above 20 30 or 40 Leagues from the Pacifick Ocean many of them burn perpetually towards Chili Andiatoroque a Lake of New France in America Andore a fruitful Valley of the Pyranees in Catalognia Andover is a Corporation in the North-west part of the County of Hampshire which sends Burgesses to Parliament and gives the Title of a Viscount to the Honorable Earls of Berkshire now in the Possession of Tho. Howard it is seated about 18 Miles from Southampton to the North-west Andra or Aâ—dra a River upon the Coast of Guinea in Africa Andragiri or Gudaviri a City and Kingdom in the Island of Sumatra in Asia almost under the Equinoctial Andres Androsia a City of Galatia near Engury mention'd by Ptolomy S. Andrews Andreapolis a City of Fife in the South of Scotland North of the Frith of Edenburgh upon the German Ocean into which it hath a fair Prospect and upon which it hath a large Haven The ancient name of this place was Regimund it hath an University erected by James I. An. Dom. 1426. It is also an Archbishops See erected by Pope Sixtus IV. An. 1471. instead of Aberneath The Archbishops of all Scotland were heretofore under the Archbishop of York till James III. of Scotland representing to the Pope that there were frequent Wars between England and Scotland obtain'd from the said Pope That the Archbishop of S. Andrew should be independent Primate of Scotland in the twelâ—th year of his Reign yet Innocentius VIII who immediatly succeeded him obliged this Primate and his Successors to observe the laudable Customs of the famous Metropolitan Church of Canterbury This City in 1651. not surrendring upon the first Summons to our English victorious Rebels was sin'd Five hundred Pounds but had it remitted upon shewing they were poor Scholars It is 38 Miles from Edenburgh to the North-east and 23 from Aberneath to the East it lies in Lon. 17. 28. Lat. 57. 46. Andro Andros Andria an Island in the Archipelago with a City of the same name which is an Episcopal See under Athens inhabited by Greeks Latins and Turks The Antients call this Island Cauros Lysia Nonagria and by several other names Androgynes an antient People of Africa composed they say of both Sexes their right Breast a Mans the left a Womans Pliny and Aristotle Androsen or Androsen Androsa a small Town in the County of Cunningham in Scotland upon the Western Shoar Anduze Andusa ad Gardonem a Town in Languedoc in France upon the River Gardon heretofore fortified demolished by Lewis XIII Anenas or Andenas an Island upon the Coast of Norway Southward Anet a Town in the Isle of France upon the River Eure adorn'd with a Castle of extraordinary Magnificence which was built in the Reign of Henry II. It gives the Title of a Principality to the Duke of Vendosme Angamala a City in the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies upon the River Aicot as likewise a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Goa till Pope Paul V. in 1609. changed it into the Archiepiscopal See of Cranganor and constituted that as Metrapolitan of the Christians of S. Thomas Angediva a small Island under the Portuguese in the Kingdom of Decan in the East-Indies Angeles Angelepolis or Puebla de los Angeles a City in a Province of the same name otherwise called Tlascala by the Indians in New Spain in America built in 1531. by the Spaniards who have established an Episcopal See in it under the Archbishop of Mexico Angermund vid. Tangermund Anger 's Juliomagus in Caesar Andes is the Head of the Dukedom of Anjou a large well built City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours It is Seated on the River Sarâ—re in a very good Air and is also an University founded by Lewis II. Duke of Anjou the Son of King John of France Anno 1388. This City is 26 Leagues from Tours towards the West and within 1 League of the Loire In 1685. Lewis XIV established by his Letters Patents an Academy here of Thirty ingenious Persons who are all to be born in the Province of Anjou under the Title of the Royal Academy of Anger 's The famous Berengarius was Arch-deacon here Angitia the antient name of Selva d'Albi a Forest between the City of Albi in Languedoc and the Lake Fucinus Anglesey Mona called by the Welch Mon or Tir-mon and Anglesey from the English after they conquered it it is compassed on all sides with the Irish Sea which separates it from the County of Carnarvan in Wales by so narrow a Channel that in some places it may be forded at low Water it is in compass sixty Miles making one of the Counties of Wales and the most fruitful This Island was the Seat of the Brittish Druides subdued for the Romans by Suetonius Paulinus in the Reign of Nero but he not being able to perfect the Conquest Julius Agricola his Successor did it effectually Edward I. brought it in Subjection to the Crown of England in 1282 till which time it was under the Kings of North-Wales The Right Honorable Arthur Annesly a great lover of Learning and Books was lately Earl of
that in 1623. there were said to be 3000 English Inhabitants called Bermudas from the Spanish and Summer Islands from the English Discoverer Bermet a City of the hither East-Indies supposed by Castaldus to be the Barbari of Arrian Bern Berna a great and well built City of Switzerland which has its name from a Bear and carries a Bear for its Arms. Built by Bertoldus Duke of Zeringhen in 1191. upon the River Aar which falls into the Rhine at Waldhust a Town of Schwaben and adorned with a Library and an Arsenat that deserve to be remembred It is the cheif City of the Canton of Bern which is one of the largest Cantons and was added to the rest in 1353. To look a little back into the antient History of this City it obtained the right of an Incorporated City from the Emperors Henry IV. and Philip II. Confirmed by Frederick II. it continued under the Empire till 1228. and then put themselves under the Protection of the Duke of Savoy In 1241. it had an unfortunate War with Gothofredus Duke of Habspurg whereupon in 1243. they made a League with Freiburg as also for ten Years with Wallisserlandt in 1251. In 1287. this City was besieged by Rodolphus of Habspurg They suffered much also from Albertus who had a set Battle with them near their Walls in 1291. wherein they lost many Men but had better Success against the Earl of Savoy the same year In 1346. they renewed their League with Freiburg after which followed the Perpetual League in 1353. whereby it obtained the second place amongst the Cantons In 1528. it imbraced the Reformation and thereupon passed a Law against mercenary Service in foreign Wars It stands about 13 Miles from Bazil to the South 4 from Freiburg to the North and about 20 from Geneva to the North-East This Canton is so well replenished with Gentry handsom Towns good Castles and Villages that you may compare it almost to one continued City and as for the Civil Government of it it is managed by two Councils of Senators under a Chief whom they call in French an Avoyer in German Schaltesch which last is an old Word in the Laws of the Lombards See Doctor Burnett's Letters Bernards Castle a Market-Town in Durham in Darlington Wapentake upon the River Tees which takes its name from a Family that first came into England with the Saxons Bernbourg a small City in Germany in the Upper Saxony in the Principality of Anhalt upon the River Saaldar Sala 4 German Miles from Magdebourg towards the South and as many from Dessaw to the West It is dignified with the Title of an Earldom and the Seat of a Castle Bernich Berenice a City of Africa upon the Mediterranean Sea mentioned by Ptolemy and Pliny but called Hesperia by Mela one of the 5 Cities in Pentapolis between the Promontory Boreum now il Capo di Teiones upon the greater Syrtis and the City of Arsinoe to the East It had its antient name from Berenice the Queen of Ptolemy the third King of Egypt as Solinus saith Bernstadt Bernardi Vrbs a Town in Silesia in the Dutchy of Olss in Germany upon the River Veid or Veida 3 or 4 Leagues from Breslaw Beroa Berrhaea believed to be the modern Aleppo was a famous City amongst the Antients reedified by Seleucus Nicanor and sometime an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Antioch See Aleppo § Also an antient Town in Macedonia near the River Lydius Berry Bituricensis Provincia Bituriges a Dukedom in France bounded on the North by Sologne on the East by Nivernois and Bourbone on the West by Poictou and part of Tourein and on the South by Limosin The Principal City of this Province is Bourges divided into 2 parts by the River Chur a rich fruitful and populous Province The antient Inhabitants are famous in History for the 2 Colonies of Gauls they transmitted into Germany and Italy under the Command of Segovesus and Bellovesus both Nephews to Ambigatus King of Gallia Celtiqua in the time of Tarquinius V. King of Rome for from the Conquests by them made proceeds the Division of Gallia Transalpina and Cisalpina See Gallia Bersheba or Beerseba an antient City of Palestine by the way of Gaza to which Abraham and Abimelech gave this name because of the Covenant they there mutually ratified by Oath with each other Gen. 21. 31. It fell afterwards by Lot to the Tribe of Simeon Josh 19. 2. and committed Idolatry with the Apostate Tribes as we collect from Amos 5. 5. and S. Jerom. in loc Some take it to be the same now with Gibel Bertinoro Bretinorium Petra Honorii a City in the Province of Romagna in Italy with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna hither removed from Forlimpopoli It s Situation is upon a little Hill in the Borders of Tuscany near the River Renco S. Bertrand de Cominges Convenae seu Lugdunum Convenarum a City of France at the foot of the Pyrenean Mountains upon the River Garonne in the Earldom de Cominge which was destroyed by the Franks under King Guntchramnus in 584 but rebuilt by S. Bertrand in 1100. and from him in after times it had its present name It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Auch 25 Leagues from Thoulouse to the South and 55 from Bourdeaux to the South-West Berwald a Town beyond the River Oder in the New March in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh remarkable for the Treaty celebrated here in 1631. betwixt the Crowns of France and Sweden and the Princes of Germany Berwick Burcovicum Bervicium Teusis a Town in Northumberland situated upon the North side of the River Twede the most Northern Town in the Kingdom of England and saith Camden the strongest hold in all Britain It stands upon a Promontory so that it is almost totally incompass'd with the Sea and River Delivered up to Henry II. by William King of Scotland as a Pledge for his Ransom being then a Prisoner in England restor'd again by King John upon repayment of the Mony Edward I. in 1297. retook it After this it was won and lost divers times till in the Reign of Edward IV. Sir Thomas Stanley made a final reducement of it to the Crown of England The English Princes have fortified it but especially Queen Elizabeth who Walled it anew within the old Wall and added Out-works after the later Modes by which it was made incredibly strong Henry II. built the Castle and other of our Princes the outward Wall so that all its Works are owing to the English After a long Peace in 1639. this Town saw the English and Scotch Encamped under her Walls again in opposition till a Peace was concluded there Jane 17. However I find before the end of the War they were possessed of it and quitted it Feb. 17. 1646. March 12. 1686. King James II created Mr. James Fitz-James his Natural Son Duke of Berwick Ehis Town lies in Long. 21. d. 43. m. Lat. 55. 48. and sends 2 Burgesses to the
from which it is parted by the River Leye the chiefest Town is L'isle Insula First united to France by Dagobert one of their Kings by whom about 621. it was granted to Liderick de Buque with the Title of Forester In 864. it was granted to Baldwin I. by the Title of Earl of Flanders the Sovereignty being reserved to France whose Homagers these Earls were This Earldom by the Marriage of Philip Duke of Burgundy with Margaret Daughter of Lewis de Malatin Earl of Flanders in 1369. came into the House of Burgundy and so to the House of Austria by the Marriage of Mary Daughter and Heir of Charles the Hardy to Maximilian Emperor of Germany in 1476. in which Family it still is This though the prime Earldom of all Europe yet was a Homager to the Crown of France till Charles V. having taken Francis I. his Prisoner in the Battel of Pavy in Italy by a Treaty at Madrid infranchised it from that Servitude Since the time of Philip II. it has been extreamly curtailed and harassed many of the Inhabitants flying then into England not only depopulated but impoverished it by carrying away its Trade And the Hollanders Revolting not only added to this Calamity by a War of forty years continuance but took from them several Towns in the Northern parts Of later times the French have made the same devastations on the Southern so that not above half Flanders is now left to the Spaniards and that in a weak and declining condition Flassans a small Village in Provence in the Diocese of Freâ—us remark'd for giving name to an eminent Poet of that Country in the thirteenth Century as likewise in the person of Sieur de Flassans sirnamed the Knight of the Faith for his zeal against the Huguenots of Provence in 1562. Flatholm an Island in the Severn over against Somersetshire Flavigni Flaviniacum a small Town in the Tract of Auxois in Burgundy betwixt Dijon and Samur upon a little River near the antient Alize There stands an Abbey of the Benedictines in it La Fleche a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the Loyre towards the Frontiers of Maine Henry le Grand founded a College of Jesuits there in 1603 whose heart is interred in the same Flensburg Flensburgum a City of the Kingdom of Denmark on the South of Jutland upon the Bay of Flens on the Baltick Sea in the Dukedom of Sleswick four German Miles West of the Isle of Alsen and 6 from Frederichstad to the North-East It is but small seated on high Hills with a large Haven and a strong Castle The City is under the King of Denmark but the Territory which belongs to it is under the Duke of Holstein Gottorp Christian V. King of Denmark was born here in the year 1646. Flerus a Village in the County of Namur below Charleroy near the Sambre rendered remarkable by the Battel betwixt the French and Dutch Armies on July 1. 1690. fought upon the Plains thereof with the Victory to the French Fleury or S. Benoît sur Loyre Floriacum a small Town which has a noble and an ancient Monastery of the Order of S. Benedict whose Body lies interred therein seated upon the Loir nine Leagues from Orleans to the East It stands according to some in Le Gastinois to others in the Dukedom of Orleans and deserves to be remembred for the sake of Hugo Floriacensis a Learned Monk of this House who wrote a loyal and a christian Discourse concerning the Origine of Monarchy which he dedicated to Henry II. King of England Published by Baluzius in his fourth Tome of Miscellanies § There is another Fleury in the Dukedom of Burgundy upon the River Ousche three Leagues from Dijon to the West A third in Biere which has a Priory and a fourth in the Isle of France Fliez Phligadia a Mountain in Sclavonia Lazius placeth it in Liburnia upon the Adriatick Sea Flie Flevo an Island at the Mouth of the Rhine which has a fine Haven and a rich Town It stands at the entrance of the Zuidersee near the Texel The English Fleet under Sir Robert Holms entred this Port in 1666 burnt one hundred sixty five Sail of Ships and took and burnt the Town of Schelling which is the chief of that Island Flintshire one of the twelve Shires in Wales bounded on the North with an Arm of the Irish Sea which parts it from Cheshire on the East of it and on all the other Quarters by Denbighshire It is Hilly but not mountainous fruitful in Wheat and Barley but especially Rie upon the Northern Shoar stands Flint Castle which gives name to the whole Shire begun by Henry II. and finished by Edward I. wherein Richard II. renounced the Crown of England Whereupon Henry Duke of Lancaster claimed it and intailed a War on the English Nation that bid fair for its Ruine The Title of Earl of Flint belongs to the Prince of Wales Flix a strong Castle upon the River Ebro in Catalonia supposed to be the old Ibera S. Florentin a Town of France in Senois in Champagne Florence Florentia one of the principal Cities of Italy called by Pliny Fluentia by the Italians Fiorenza and proverbially epitheted La bella from its great beauty The Capital of the Province of Toscany and the Residence of the Great Duke It was built by Sylla's Soldiers in the Year of Rome 675 seventy six years before the Birth of our Saviour upon the River Arno which passeth through it and is covered by four stately Bridges within the Walls It is five or as others say seven Miles in compass paved with Stone adorned with large Streets and stately magnificent Buildings both publick and private to the Beauty of which the natural Ingenuity of the Citizens has contributed very much no place having afforded more excellent Architects Painters and Carvers than this as Schottus observes It is seated in a gentle and healthful Air upon a great and a navigable River surrounded with a delicate Plain pleasant Hills high Mountains and abounding in whatsoever is valuable or useful said to contain above seven hundred thousand Souls It may justly own Charles the Great for its Founder who in 902 enlarged and new Walled it adding one hundred and fifty Towers an hundred Cubits high from whenceforward it began to flourish though it suffered very much from the Factions of the Guelphs and Gibellins that is the Imperial and Papal Parties This City purchased its Liberty of Rodolphus the Emperor about 1285 after which they subjected many of their Neighbours but were never quiet from Foreign Wars or Intestine Divisions till they fell under a second Monarchic Government in the interim Pope Martin V. advanced the Bishop to an Archbishop in 1421. Nor is it less remarkable for a Council held here for uniting the Greek and Latin Churches which began in 1439 and ended in 1442. Nor is the Death of Jerome Savanarola to be forgotten who was burnt here in 1494 for reproving the Vices of
East of it Genichisar Hermaeum a Cape in Thrace five Miles from Constantinople to the South-East called by the Christians Neo Castro New-Castle Genoua Genua a very ancient and great City in the North of Italy upon the Tyrrhenian Sea it lies in the Form of a Theatre upon the ascent of an Hill opening its Bosom to the Sea five or six Miles in compass so full of stately and regular Buildings Palaces Churches Monasteries c. that its proverbial Epithet in Italy is Genoua la superba and so very ancient that its Original is unknown History makes mention of it above 1800 years ago It is certain it was destroyed by Mago one of Hannibal's Commanders when by the Alpes he entered Italy in the year of Rome 534. about two hundred and sixteen years before the Birth of our Saviour Cornelius Servilius one of the Roman Consuls ordered the rebuilding it sixteen years after its Desolation This City in the end of the first Punick War had greatly shaken Rome it self as Livy relates about the year of Rome 515. But being then subdued and obliged she continued ever after very faithful In the fall of the Roman Empire she had the same fate with her Neighbours and fell under the Herules Goths and Lombards or the Greek Exarches of Ravenna as they prevailed one upon the other In 806. Charles the Great having Conquered the Lombards made Ademar his Kinsman Count of Genoua who got Corfica from the Saracens and united it to this City which has enjoyed that Island ever since In 935 the Saracens took and burnt this City and carried all her People into Captivity but the Duke of Venice brought them back and rebuilt it though others say the Genoese Fleet met these Infidels in their going home and recovered all again after a sharp fight After this they became in a short time by Navigations Commerce and Wars more famous than ever Being grown Wealthy in 1133. Pope Innocent II. made this City an Archbishop's See They deserved this Favour of the Pope by the great Services they by their Fleets performed against the Saracens in the Holy War which began in the year 1096. for which in 1101. they obtained of Baldwin III. part of the Sea-Towns that should be taken in Palestine In the Year 1204. when the Western Christians took Constantinople from the Eastern Emperors the Genouese had a great hand in it Pera was assigned them for that Service a place near Constantinople they were then Masters of Lesbos and Chio and several Islands ' in those Seas and Caffa in the Black Sea in Crim Tartary But aiming to gain Creet too from the Venetians in 1207. there arose a War between the two States which joined with the Genoueses intestine Divisions at last ruined the Greatness of this in 1255. they reduced the Venetians to great streights having taken Chioggia an Island near the City but lost all by demanding more than could be granted In 1260. the Venetians gained another great Victory over them taking twenty four Gallies In 1291. the Venetians took from them Pera and Caffa In 1293. the Tide of Fortune turned the Venetians lost all their Fleet to the Genoueses and another of seventy Ships in 1298. In 1314. the Genouese were beaten by the Venetians and in 1353. reduced to such Streights that they were forced to put themselves under the Protection of the Duke of Milan after which though they recover'd to an Ability of Contesting with the Venetians and beat them in 1401 yet the Turks and their own Divisions at last reduced them to so low an Ebb that they were not able to set out a Fleet. Between the Years 1174. and 1339. they had four dreadful Civil Wars or Broils in the City which contributed very much to their ruin In 1452. Sfortia Duke of Milan possess'd himself of this City In 1563. they were cited to answer for the Expulsion or Banishment of the Marquess of Final by Ferdinando I. Emperor of Germany Selim the Grand Signior Emperor of the Turks beat their Republick out of the Isle of Chios in the year 1571. Besides all these Mutations the French pretend that in 1396. this Republick made over by a formal Grant to Charles VI. of France all the Sovereign Lordship of it and the States depending which was executed and confirmed again to Charles VII in 1458. and from this last Date the French had the Sovereignty of the City till 1528. when Andreas Doria upon the Advantage of the Imprisonment of Francis I. taken by the Forces of Charles V. at the Battle of Pavia restored his Country to its former Liberty Since which this State has had a very great Dependence on the Crown of Spain by reason of his States in Italy at all times preferring the Interests of that Kingdom before all others This so far exasperated Lewis XIV the now French King that in 1674. he sent a Fleet and Bomb'd Genoua in which Action the Ducal Palace was burnt and many other of the noblest in the City and an incredible mischeif done In the end he forced them to send their Duke and four Senators to his Court to make their humble Submissions to him Not that they parted with their Liberty for they are still a Free State nor that they had done him any Injury which they were to acknowledge but either because their Ancestors had revolted above an hundred years agone or because his most Christian Majesty would have it so § The State of Genoua is a Part of Italy anciently call'd Liguria lying upon the Tyrrhenian Sea which bounds it upon the South and West on the East it has the Dukedom of Florence and on the North the Dukedoms of Parma in part and Montisferat in part its length from East to West is one hundred and forty Miles its breadth nevertheless very little Yet that part of it which lies next the Sea is wonderfully fruitful by Nature and made much more so by the Industry of the Inhabitants and has so many Villages and fine Buildings especially towards Genoua that it may seem to be one continued City It is governed as a Common-Wealth under a Duke to continue but two Years and two Senates or Councils This Republick has under it Corsica and Capraia two Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and anciently many other We shall only add to this the Italian Censure upon Genoua Huomini senza Fide Mare senza Pesce Monte senza Legno è Donne senza Vergogna There are Men without Honesty a Sea without Fish Mountains without Wood and Women without Shame Nevertheless this State and City have given three or four Popes to the See of Rome and produced great Persons for all things Their Academy settled at Genoua takes the Title of gli Adormentati Genâ—â—i Melas â— River of the Lesser Armenia which riseth from the Mountains of Argaeus and running Eastward falls into the Euphrates when it has passed the whole Province of Armenia Minor Gentilly a Village within one League of
the Sepulchre which till then had been reverenced by all Men but Jews Ever since this it has been in the Possession of the Mahometans as they at times prevailed one upon another It continued under the Sultans of Egypt till 1517 when Selim Emperor of the Turks took it from them and under this Family it is at this day called by the Turks Elkods that is the Holy City It is at this day the principal Place in Palestine seated saith Mr. Sandys on a rocky Mountain every way to be ascended except a little on the North with steep Descents and deep Valleys about it which do naturally fortifie it for the most part it is environed with other not far removed Mountains as if placed in the midst of an Amphitheatre On the East is Mount Olivet separated from the City by the Valley of Jehosaphat which also circleth a part of the North and affords a passage to the Brook of Kedron on the South is the Mountain of Scandal with the Valley of Gehinnon on the West formerly it was fenced with the Valley and Mountain of Gthon Mount Sion lay within the City which stood upon the South side of it on the East side of this Mountain stood the famous Temple and between the City and the Temple the King's Palace Mount Calvary which formerly lay without the City to the North-West is now well nigh the heart of it the visiting the Holy Sepulchre being the almost only reason why Jerusalem at this day has any being The Inhabitants of it are not many for the most part Monks and Religious Persons of all Nations miserably oppressed by the Turks who seek all opportunities to impoverish and injure them This City stands forty Miles from Joppe and the Mediterranean Sea a hundred and sixty from Damascus to the South three hundred from Grand Cairo to the North-East and four hundred from Alexandria commonly believed to have been built by Melchisedech and called Salem from him It had divers Names of old expressed in this Distich Solyma Lusa Bethel Hierosolyma Jebus Elia Vrbs sacra Jerusalem dicitur atque Salem For above eleven hundred years together this City was the Queen of the East None ever so sacred yet none ever hath suffered greater Profanations than it The Emperor Titus erected a Temple here to Jupiter Capitolinus and Adrian in derision both of Judaism and Christianity engraved a Swine upon the Gate of Bethlehem dedicated a Chappel to Venus upon Mount Calvary another to Jupiter in the place of our Saviour's Sepulchre and a third to Adonis in Bethlehem all which continued till the Reign of Constantine the Great See Bethlehem and Calvary The Church of Jerusalem is the Mother of Christendom sanctified by the Death of Christ the Descent of the Holy Spirit the Preachings of the Apostles a General Council of the Apostles in the year 49 or 50 and the Martyrdom of S. James its first Bishop The Council of Nice allowed this Church the style and dignity of a Patriarchate tho at the same time subjecting it in point of Jurisdiction to the Bishops of Caesarea But in 553. in the fifth General Council or the second of Constantinople that Subjection was reversed and not only the See of Caesarea but Scythopolis and Berytus were made subject to this Church After Christianity received its Restauration by the Arms of Godfrey of Bouillon Jerusalem bore the Title of a Kingdom which continued from the year 1099 to 1187. in the Persons of about eight Christian Kings from the said Godfrey with possession of the Lands and Rights of a Crown But Frederick II. and others after who enjoy'd the Title of Kings of Jerusalem possessed no Land in Palestine It lies in Long. 69. 30. Lat. 31. 20. according to Mr. Fuller Others say Long. 69. 00 Lat. 32. 44. Ieselbas Margiana a part of the Province of Chorasan in the Kingdom of Persia Iesi Aesium a City in the Marchia Anconitana in the Dominions of the Church which is a Bishops See immediately under the Pope it is but small and stands upon an Hill by the River Jesi six Miles from the Confines of the Dukedom of Vrbino twenty three from Ancona to the West Iesselmeer or Gislemere a City and Kingdom under the Great Mogul lying North of the Kingdom of Guzarat on this side the Ganges the City is great a hundred and twenty Miles from the River Indus to the East and the same from Guzarat to the North. The Kingdom lies amongst the Mountains Terra de Iesso or Yezo Essonis Terra a large Country towards China and Japan discovered by the Hollanders in 1643. It is joyned by some to the North parts of Japan by others separated from it by a Streight of fifteen Miles broad All agree it is of a great extent from East to West The chiefest City is Matzumay which is the Capital of a Province of the same name but no European having yet setled here it is very little known The later Voyagers have discovered a Streight betwixt Tartary and this Country which they call the Streights of Jesso Iesual another Kingdom belonging to the Great Mogul in the East-Indies betwixt the Kingdom of Patna with the River Ganges to the West and that of Vdessa with the Mountains to the East The chief City is Rajapour Iesupol a very strong Town and Castle in Podolia in Poland on the Confines of Pocuock upon the River Bistris Ieter Jatrus a River of Mysia in the Lesser Asia Ietsegen and Iesten or Jetsengo two considerable Territories or Provinces in Japan in the Island of Niphon subdivided into divers other Provinces Jetsegen has the Region of Quanto to the East and Jetson to the West The latter is bounded by Jamaisoit to the West Iex and Jexdi Hecatompylos a City of Persia If Hypaea one of the Hyeres Iglaw Iglova Iglavia Giblova a City of the Kingdom of Bohemia but in Moravia upon the River Iglaw on the Confines of Bohemia twenty four German Miles from Prague and ten from Lentz This City is reasonably well peopled Igliaco Peneius a River on the West of the Morea Ihor a City and Kingdom at the most Southern Point of the Promontory of Malacca in the East-Indies over against the Isle of Sumatra distant little more than one degree and a half from the Line in Long 129. 31. The King is a potent Prince in these parts The City Ihor is situated upon a River which falls into the Ocean near the Promontory of Sincapura where it has a good Port. Iksworth or Ickworth a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Thingo retaining in its Name says Mr. Cambden the memory of the antient Iceni who dwelt in a part of this County The remains of a Priory founded by Gilbert Blunt sometime Lord of the Town and of a Guildhall are yet extant A Pot of Roman Coyns bearing the Inscriptions of divers Roman Emperors was digged up here not many years since Ila Yla Epidia one of the Western
defended by a strong Castle upon the River Gers six Miles from Aux ten from Tolouse to the South-West and three from Condom Ledbury or Lidbury a well built Market Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Radlow standing in a rich Clay Ground near the Malvern Hills and much inhabited by Clothiers Ledesina Bletisa a small Town in Leon in Spain upon the River Tormes six Leagues from Salamanca to the North-East Ledung Dur a small River of Ireland in the County of Kerry Leeberg or Leerberg See Jura Leeder one of the Islands on the West of Scotland Leeds a considerable Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Skirack upon the River Are well inhabited by Clothiers The Kings of Northumberland had anciently a Palace Royal here Leek a Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Totmonslow Leerpoole or Leverpoole a considerable Sea-Port Town upon the River Irwel in the South part of the County of Lancaster towards the Borders of Cheshire three Miles from the Irish Sea It is now one of the most thriving Ports and has a Trade equal to the best Town on the Western Shoar except Bristol it sends also two Burgesses to Parliament The Pool is commanded by a Castle built by King John on the South side and on the West upon the River stands a stately strong Tower The Mores of Banck Hall at their proper Charge and Industry have much improved and beautified this Town Leeuwarden Leovardia the Capital City of Friesland which was made a Bishops See by Pope Paul VI. It is great well built and strongly fortified almost two German Miles from the Sea to the South and seven from Groningen to the West Leffy Liffee Luffee the noblest River of Ireland upon which Dublin stands So far saith Mr. Cambden over-powered by the County of Dublin that though his Spring be but fifteen Miles from his Fall into the Sea yet to accomplish his Course he is forced to fetch a very great compass first running South through S. Patrick's Fields eight Miles then West five Miles then North by the County of Kildare ten Miles North-East five at last East by the Castle of Knock and the City of Dublin into the Irish Sea ten Miles This River was without doubt mentioned by Ptolemy but by the negligence of Transcribers omitted in its proper place and Libnius put into the same Latitude on the opposite side of Ireland where there could be no such River In 1687 towards the beginning of December there hapned such an Inundation of this River by Rains and Storm that not only Men Cattle and Goods in great quantities were carried away by its rapidity but the Bridges were broken down and Dublin so filled with water that Boats plyed in the Streets the like never known before either upon Record or in the memory of Man Legnano a strong Town in the Province of Veronois in Lombardy in Italy under the Venetians In Latin Liviacum Leicestershire Leicestria one of the inland Counties of England bounded on the North by Nottingham on the East by Lincoln and Rutland on the South by Northampton and on the West by Warwickshire and Darby It abounds in Corn Pease and Beans but wants Wood it has plenty of Coal and excellent Pasture The Air is soft and healthful It s shape is Circular being about 196 Miles in Circumference Containing twelve Market Towns and one hundred and ninety two Parishes in length from East to West about thirty Miles in breadth twenty five Watered by the Rivers Stower and Wreak together with many others of lesser Courses Leicester the principal Town of it which gives name to the whole lies in the middle of the County on the East side of the Stoure over which it hath two Bridges in Long. 19. 22. Lat. 53. 04. Etheldred the Mercian made it a Bishops See in 680. which continued not long In 914. Edelfled a Noble Saxon Lady rebuilt and strongly walled this Town At the time of the Conquest it was Great Rich and Populous beautified with a Collegiate Church an Abbey and a Castle which time has ruined In the Reign of Henry II. it was besieged taken and dismantled upon the Rebellion of Robert Crouch its Earl Richard III. was buried obscurely here and Cardinal Woolsey That great though not good Statesman Robert Dudley was by Queen Elizabeth Created Earl of Leicester in 1564. To him in 1618. succeeded by a new Creation Robert Sidney Descended from a Sister of his Philip the present Earl is the Grandchild of the last Robert and succeeded Robert his Father in 1677. It now contains three Parish Churches and several good Buildings with the honour of returning two Burgesses to the House of Commons Leighton Beaudesect a large Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Manshead on the Borders of Buckinghamshire upon a River running Northward into the Ouse over which it has a Bridge Leine Linius Lina a River of the Dukedom of Saxony in Germany watering Gottingen Eâ—mbeck c. in the Dukedom of Brunswick and passing near Hanover and Newstadt to joyn the Aller See Leyne Leinster Lagenia one of the four Provinces of Ireland called by the Inhabitants Leighnigh by the Welsh Lein by the English Leinster and in old times Lagen on the East it has the Irish Sea on the West Connaught divided from it by the River Shannon to the North the Territory of Louth and to the South the Province of Munster the form of it is Triangular its Circumference being about two hundred and seventy Miles the Air is clear and gentle the Earth fruitful both as to Grass and Corn it affordeth plenty of Butter Cheese and Cattle and being well watered with Rivers as the Neure the Sewer the Barow c. wants neither Fish nor Fowl but it has not much Wood. Dublin is the Capital of this Province as well as of the Kingdom This Provine contains these Counties Kilkenny Caterlogh Queens-County Kings-County Kildare East-Meath West-Meath Wexford and Dublin to which Wicklow and Fernes in Mr. Speed's time were intended to be added Some believe this Province to have been the ancient Seat of the Caucenses Blanii Menapii and Brigantes mentioned by Ptolemy Leirge See Lergue Leiria or Leria an Episcopal City of the Province of Estremadura in the Kingdom of Portugal upon a small River one League from the Sea below Tomar The See is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Lisbon Leleges an ancient People of Caria in the Lesser Asia and others amongst the Locrenses in Achaia mentioned by Pliny Strabo and Virgil. Lem Lemuris a River of Italy in the States of Genoua which riseth out of the Apennine and watereth Gavi in the Borders of Montisferrat and Milan then falls into the River Bormia in the Dukedom of Milan which falls into the Tuanara and ends in the River Po at Basignana six Italian Miles East of Giaroli This River is also called Lim and il Lemo The Lake of Lemane Lemanus a considerable Lake made by the
Lavori fifteen Miles South of Naples Leucate Leucata a small Town in Languedoc in the Confines of Roussillon seated upon a Lake of the same name it had heretofore a Castle built by Francis I. upon an inaccessable Rock very strong which is now destroyed near this place the Spaniards received a great overthrow by the French in 1637. Leuchtemberg Leuchtemberga a Castle in Nortgow in the Dukedom of Bavaria which is the Capital of a Langravate seated upon an Hill near the River and Town of Pfreimbt one German Mile from the River Nab. The Territory is but small that belongs to it yet was subject only to its own Landgrave till 1646. when the Males of that Family failing it fell to the Elector of Bavaria who still has it Leucosa Leucosia or Licosa a small Island in the Sea of Tuscany near a Cape of its own name called Capo della Licosa The Ancients have not omitted the mentioning of it Leuctra an ancient City of Boeotia in Greece supposed to be the present Maina by some Geographers famous in History for the Victory of Epaminondas over the Lacedaemonians in the one hundred and second Olympiad and the year of Rome 383. Cleombrotus the Lacedaemonian General was there slain Leudrac Vuldraca a small River of France in Autunois in the Dukedom of Burgundy Leverano a Principality in the Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples near the City Lecca Leuvin a Lake and a Castle in the South part of Scotland in the County of Fife this Castle belonged to the Dowglasses Earls of Morton In it the famous Princess Mary Queen of Scots and Dowager of France was imprisoned by her own Subjects in 1567. There is also a River of the same name which falls into the Fyrth of Edenburgh by Wemmis Castle Leutkirchen or Leutkirch Ectodurus a small Imperial Free City in Schwaben in Germany upon the River Eschach which a little lower falls into the Iler which last falls into the Danube at Vlm three German Miles from Memmingen to the South ten from Vlm and six from the Lake of Constance to the East in the Territory of Algow Leutmeritz Litomerinm or Litomiersca a City of Bohemia called by the Inhabitants Litomiersk by the Germans Leutmeritz and Letomeritz It stands upon the Elbe eight Miles from Prague to the North and ten from Dresdin This was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Prague by Pope Alexander VII in 1655. This City is the Capital of one of the Seventeen Praefectures of the Kingdom of Bohemia Leutomissel or Littomissel Litomascum an Episcopal City of the Kingdom of Bohemia in the Praefecture of Chrudim Leuwentz a Town in the Government of Newhausel but in the County of Gran in Hungary upon the River Gran six Miles from the City Gran to the North. General Souches put the Turks to a Rout here in 1664. Leweck Levecum the Capital of the Kingdom of Cambay in the East-Indies Lewes a Town in Sussex esteemed one of the biggest in that County In 1263. here was a bloody Battel near this place between Henry III. and the Barons in which the Barons prevailed at last against the King and forced him to a disadvantageous Peace This Town is in the South part of the County upon a River that hath no Name almost six Miles from the Sea-Shoar to the South twenty five from Winchelsey to the West containing six Parish Churches The Assizes are commonly kept here At the Rivers Mouth is New-Haven some years since made secure for the harbouring of Ships It returns two Members of Parliament and is the Capital of a Rape Lewemberg See Lawenburg and Lemburg Lewis Logus Haraia a great Island on the West of Scotland which extends almost from 58 to 59 deg of Lat. and lies sixty five English Miles directly West from Row-stoir Assyn the most Western Cape of Assinshire in Scotland This is the largest of all the Hebrides said to be sixty Miles in length and thirty broad The Inhabitants of this and all the other Western Isles do much resemble the Wild Irish being rude uncivilized and will hardly indure any Government or Law belonging heretofore to the Kingdom of Norway they were by Magnus King of that Country sold to Alexander III. King of Scotland and never thought worth the disciplining Lewroux Leroux Leprosium a small City in le Berry in France two Leagues from Bourges to the West Leybnitz Savaria Polybianum once a City of the Vpper Pannonia now a small Village of Stiria upon the River Sack which a little lower falls into Mure four German Miles from Gratz to the East Leyden Lugdunum Batavorum is a great City in the State of Holland mentioned by Ptolemy and Antoninus It is seated upon the old Stream of the Rhine and is the Capital of Rheinlandt near the Lake of Harlem three Leagues from Delft and seven from Amsterdam Dort and Vtretcht Perhaps the most populous and wealthy City in all Holland next Amsterdam In the Roman times the Praetor of the Empire for the Belgick Gaul resided here with one of the Legions It is situate in a plain and low Country and has many Channels of Water passing through it so that the City is divided into thirty one Islands joined by one hundred forty five Bridges each to other one hundred and four of which are built with Stone There lie about it most beautiful Meadows and Gardens and the Air is reputed the best of all Holland As this was one of the first Cities which revolted from the Spaniards in 1572. so it was one of the first also that felt their fury For they having besieged Harlem in 1573. without success in the year following sat down before Leyden and had reduced it to great extremity when the Prince of Orange letting loose upon them the Waters which the Dams restrained before by the same Stratagem brought relief to Leyden and ruin on the Spanish Army the year following February 8. 1575. He opened the University there to reward their Valor and recompence their losses to which there has been added an excellent Library a Physick Garden and a Hall adorned with many Rarities of Anatomy-Antoninus gives this City the Title of Caput Germanorum Leye Legia a River in the Low-Countries called by the French Lis. It ariseth in Artois by the Castle of Lisburg and watering Airen and S. Venaut enters Flanders at Stegers then passeth by Armentiers Menene and Cortryck to Gaunt where it falls into the Schelde Leyne Lynius Leinius a River in the Lower Saxony which ariseth in the Territory of Eisfeld or Eschfeld near Heiligenstad and flowing through the Dukedom of Brunswick by Gottingen Lymbeck and Alfeld at Saxstede it entertains the Inders and so by Hannover and Newstad falls into the Aler. This River in the old Maps is called Rhum Leypsick Lupfurdum Lipsia Lypsiae a City of Germany in Misnia in the Lower Saxony which has a celebrated Mart upon the River Pleiss under the Elector of Saxony twelve German Miles from Dresden
became Bishop of it from whom the present Bishop Dr. Levinz is the fourteenth and the twenty ninth of those whose Names are Recorded This Bishop is no Lord of the Parliament of England tho presented to the King for his Assent Royal and to the Archbishop of York for Consecration by reason he holds immediately not of the King but of the Lord of Man to whom under the Fief and Sovereignty of the King belongs the Right of Nomination Manar Manaria a small Island with a City on it which is in the Hands of the Hollanders it lies in the Streight between the Island of Ceylon and the Coast of Malabar in the East-Indies and gives Name to that Streight Long. 108. 30. Lat. 09. 33. Manceaux the People of Maine a Province in France La Mancha Lamitanus Ager a Province in the South of New Castile in Spain the Seat of the Oretani an ancient People of Spain mentioned by Strabo and Pliny It is divided into La Mancha d' Arragon and La Mancha Cieca La Manche Mare Britannicum the French Name of the British Sea lying between France and England Manchester Manduessedum a Town in the County of Warwick mentioned by Antoninus now a poor Village of about fourteen Houses one Mile from Atherstone to the South and eight from Covenventry to the North § Manchester Mancunium Manucium a very rich populous and beautiful Market-Town upon the East side of the River Spoden near the Borders of Cheshire at the South End of the County of Lancaster in the Hundred of Salford in which Thomas Lord de la Ware founded a a College This was an ancient Roman City and being ruined in the Saxon and Danish Wars was rebuilt by Edward the Elder about 920. The College has been since refounded and confirmed by Queen Elizabeth and is still in being There is also a Collegiate Church Charles I. added another Honour to this Place by creating Henry Montague Earl of Manchester in 1625. which Honour is now possessed by Edward Montague his Grand child the third Earl of this family Mandignan Hesperium Cornu Cape Verde the most Western Cape of Africa Mande Mimatium a City of Aquitain in Languedoc in France towards the Mountains of Sevennes and the Fountains of the River Lot Olda which is a Bishop See under the Archbishop of Alby called by some Latin Writers Anderitum and Gabalum the Capital of the Territory of Givaudan four Miles from Jaoux where are are the Ruins of that old City out of which this we are speaking of sprung being before only a Village at the Foot of this Mountain ten Leagues from S. Flour to the North East fourteen from from Rhodez to the East It stands in a mountainous but fruitful Soil and it is honoured with the Bones of S. Privatus a Martyr The Bishop enjoys divers great Privileges together with the Title of an Earl Mandinga a Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa betwixt the River Niger to the North and the Kingdom of Malaguette to the South its Capital City bearing the same Name Mandou a City and Kingdom in the Empire of the Great Mogul in the East Indies Mandoua a River in the Kingdom of Decam which falls by the City of Goa into the Indian Ocean See Goa Mandrerey a River in the Island of Madegascar it springs in a Territory of its own Name and greatned with the Currents of divers other Rivers discharges it self into the Ocean at the North of the Island near the Province of Carcanossi Manfredonia Sepontum Novum Manfredonia a City in the Province called the Capitanato in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Archbishops See and has this Name from Manfredus King of Naples Son of Frederick II. Emperor of Germany who built it about the year 1256. Not above two Miles from hence at the Foot of Mount Gargano are shewn the Ruins of Sepontum an old ruined Roman Town the See of which was Translated to Manfredonia It has a large Haven a strong Castle seated twenty five Miles from Nocera to the East and twenty two from the Mouth of the River Ofanto Aufidus to the North. Taken once by the Turks in the year 1620. and miserably defaced spoiled and ruined since in some degree repaired but the memory of that Calamity has made it little poor and not much inhabited A Provincial Council was assembled at it in 1567. Long. 40. 10. Lat. 41. 40. Mangalor Mangalora a City of the Kingdom of Bisnagar upon the Western Shoar which has a Castle and an Harbour upon the Indian Sea in a Tract called Canara towards Malabar Heretofore under the Portuguese This may possibly be the same with that the Ancients called Mandagara Long. 105. 00. Lat. 12 30. Mangresia Magnesia the Capital City of Caria a Province in the Lesser Asia near the River Maeander whence it was called Magnesia ad Maeandrum to distinguish it from some other Cities of the same Name Before this it was called Thessaloce and Androlitia as Pliny saith It stands near Mount Thorax seventy Miles from Smyrna to the North-East and twenty six from Ephesus Themistocles the Athenian died here in Banishment and Antiochus King of Syria sixty three years before the Birth of our Savour Long. 57. 00. Lat. 39. 00. Manhate the same with New Amsterdam in North America in New-Holland Manheim Manbemium a Fortress in the Lower Palatinate where the Rhine and the Necker meet grown up to a City whereas before it was only a Village Frederick IV. Elector Palatine in 1606. fortified it In 1622. the Spaniards took and dismantled it Being restored by the Treaty of Munster to this House Charles Lewis the last Elector resortified it It stands three German Miles from Spire to the North and as much from Heydelburgh to the West It has a very strong Castle called Friderichsbourgh near it upon the Rhine lies another called Eichelsheim now ruined in which John XXIII Pope was kept two years a Prisoner after he was deposed by the Council of Constance The French possessed themselves both of the City and Fortress Nov. 13. 1688. S. Manehu See S. Meneboult ◠Manifold a River of Staffordshire Manille Manilla the same with Lusson Maningtree or Manytree a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Tendring Manissa Magnesia a City of Lydia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Smyrna twenty four Miles from Smyrna to the North West Now in a tolerable Condition under the Turks and the Capital of a Province Manoa el dorado a Town in South America in Guiana upon the Western Shoar of the Lake of Parime concerning which the Indians report great things but it was never yet seen by any European Manosque Manuesca a Town in Provence in France in the Diocese of Sisteron in a Plain one League from the River Durance belonging to the Order of the Knights of Malta by the Concession the ancient Counts of Forcalquier who had a Palace in it Some would have it to
Hemerum of Ptolemy once one of the greatest Cities in the World and the ancient Capital of this Kingdom It is seated on the South Side of the River Tansiff an hundred and sixty Miles to the East from the Atlantick Ocean and ninety from the Borders of Fez heretofore an Archbishops See very potent but the Royal Seat being many Ages since removed to Fez it is hardly a third part of what it was on the top of the Castle are three Globes of Gold one hundred and thirty thousand Barbary Ducats weight which could never be taken away as the Inhabitauts pretend because they are guarded by Spirits This City stands in a fine Plain five or six Leagues from the Mountain Atlas encompassed with very high strong Walls with twenty four Gates which may be reckoned to contain one hundred thousand Inhabitants It has a Fortress a stately Palace Royal and Colleges for Professors of the Sciences with divers Mosques enriched with the Spoils of the Christian Churches of Spain The Inhabitants glory in being Enemies to Christianity Long. 09. 20. Lat. 29. 30. Marogna Marognia Maronea Ismaros a City of Thrace â—seated at the Mouth of the River Sconenus three Miles from the Mouth of the River Mariza to the West and the same distance from Asperosa to the East Once a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Trajanople but now become the Archbishops See it self The Maronites Maronitae a particular Church of the Eastern Christians dwelling principally about the Mountain Libanus in Syria under a Patriarch of their own who resides at a Monastery called Eden Canobin on the said Mountain yet nevertheless there are of them in Tripoli Zidem Damascus Aleppo and Cyprus Their Name is diversly derived as from an Episcopal City of their Country called Maronia in S. Jerom from the holy Monk and Priest S. Maron whose Life Theodoret writes and whose Disciples strenuously defended the Decrees of the Council of Chalcedon against the Eutychians This person the Maronites say built them a Monastery in the beginning of the Fifth Century Also from another Maron an ancient Monothelite About the year 1180 William Archbishop of Tyre their Neighbour and Contemporary says that they did the King of Jerusalem great Service in the Wars with the Sarazens and exceeded then the number of forty thousand Their Patriarch assisted at the General Council of Lateran in 1215. under Pope Innocent the Third since which there have been several Embassies and Treaties of Reconciliation betwixt the Roman See and them under Pope Eugenius IV. in 1445. Pope Paul II. in 1469. Pope Clement VII in 1526. and 1531. Pope Gregory XIII in 1577. and 1584. Pope Clement VIII in 1596. Pope Paul VI. in 1612. Their Patriarch assisted again at the Fifth Council of Lateran in 1516. They speak a mixture of the Syriack and Arabick Languages but officiate Mass in Syriack only using the Missal of S. Ephraem Syrus and the Rites and Customs for the most part of the Greeks excepting that they consecrate in Bread unlevened Pope Gregory XIII Founded a College for their Youth at Rome Maros See Marish Marotto Misa a River in the Marquisate of Ancona Marpnrg Amasia Marpurgum a City of Germany in the Landtgravate of the Upper Hassia at the Head of the River Loghne which falls into the Rhine a little above Coblentz eleven Miles from Franckfort on the Maine to the North twelve from Cassel to the North-West and twenty from Cologne to the South-East It has a strong Castle built on a Hill heretofore a Free and an Imperial City but long since exempted for some time put under the Dominion of a Prince of its own now under the Dominion of the Landtgrave of Hesse Cassel Here was an University opened in 1535. which is now in some repute This City was taken by the Imperialists in 1647. But the Castle holding out they plundered and deserted it The Marquess of Baden in this City narrowly escaped Death his House having seven Cannon at once fired at it Some would believe it to be the Mattium of Tacitus and the Mattiacus of Ptolemy Marsal Marsalium a small but strong Town in the Dukedom of Lorain in France upon the River Seile in a Marsh five Miles from Nancy which stood a Siege of thirty four days in 1663. against the Forces of Lewis XIV So strong both by Art and Nature that it was thought it might have cost many Months to reduce it Marsala Lilybaeum a City in Sicily seated upon the most Western Promontory of that Island which had of old its Name from this City but is now called il Capo Boco Built by the Romans a magnificent populous Town and well fortified against the Turkish Pirats It stands fifty Miles from Palermo to the South twelve from Trapano and one hundred and sixty from the nearest Coast of Africa Near this City the Romans under Attilius Regulus gave the Carthaginian Fleet a very great Defeat There is a little River that runs near it called by the same Name Long. 36. 03. Lat. 36. 40. Marsan Marsianus Ager a small Tract in Gascogne the principal Town has the same Name which lies sixteen Miles from Dax to the North-East and from Bourdeaux to the South This Territory is watered by the River Midcux and hath been a Viscounty above six hundred years Marsaquivir a Spanish Port upon the Coast of Barbary in Africa near Oran Marseilles Massilia Masalia Phocais a City of Provence in France upon the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea seventeen Miles to the East of the principal Mouth of the Rhosne and fifteen West of Toulon It is a great rich populous City and now in a thriving condition the Suburbs having been lately added to it So very ancient that it is supposed to have been built by the Phoenicians Justin saith it was built by the Phocians in the Times of Tarquinius King of the Romans who in their way thithe contracted an Alliance with the Infant City of Rome and did great things in their Offensive and Defensive Wars against the Barbarous Galls That the Soil of their Country being barren they were forced to depend more upon Navigation than Agriculture for their Subsistence and would now and then exercise the then thought innocent if not glorious Trade of Piracy which led them round about Italy to the Mouth of the Rhosne and the pleasantness of the place allured them to go and settle there where they were kindly treated by the Galls the King granting them leave to build the City and marrying his Daughter to their General That these were the great Civilizers and Instructors of the Galls in Learning Arts and Architecture After this they managed some Wars against the Ligurians and became formidable to all their Neighbours having great success till they interposed in the Quarrel between Caesar and Pompey being in this more Loyal to that State than prudent in the estimation of their Forces for they pretended to interpose between those they were not able to force and
him Lionel Brother of James in whom it died Middleham a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Hangwest upon the River Youre Midhurst a Corporation in the County of Suffolk in Chichester Rape which returns two Members of Parliament Midlewich a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Northwich upon the River Croke near its fall into the Dane Midour Midorius a River in Gascogne in France which ariseth in the County of Armagnac and floweth Westward through Marsan the Capital of which it washeth then takes in the Douse and beneath Tartas sixteen Miles from Bourdeaux to the South falls into the Adour Mignone Minio Magnone a River of Italy which ariseth in Sabatina and flowing through S. Peter's Patrimony falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea between Civita Vecchia and Cornetto Milan Milano Mediolanum by the Germans called Meilandt one of the greatest and most noble Cities in Italy built by the Galls in the year of Rome 345. three hundred and fifty seven years before the Birth of our Saviour others say it was built Anno Mundi 2488. which is above one thousand years sooner The Romans first took it in the year of Rome 531. Marcellus their General Triumphing for the Slaughter of Viridomare the Prince of it and the taking this City This City however joined with the Carthaginians in the Second Punick War and was not reduced without the loss of six thousand of her Inhabitants In the times of Christianity being converted by S. Barnabas it became an Archbishop's See and suffered very much from the Arrian Princes though in the end it preserved the Catholick Faith Attila King of the Huns took and spoiled this and several Neighbouring Cities particularly Florence and Verona in the year of Christ 452. The next that became Masters of it were the Lombards who possess'd themselves of it about 570. It continued under this Nation till 774. under a Succession of twenty three Princes Only it is said Aribert the seventeenth King gave the Duchy of Milan to the Church of Rome But the Successors of this Prince not agreeing with the Popes Adrian I. procured Charles the Great to destroy this Kingdom who took Desiderius carried him Prisoner into France and put an end to the Kingdom of the Lombards in the year of Christ 774. It continued under this Family and the Emperors of Germany till 1161 when it took part with Pope Alexander III. against Frederick Barbarossa and was for it rased to the ground but it recovered and outing the Emperors about 1221. became a Republick and continued so till 1277. when it fell under Otho by the Title of Visconti but as subject to the Emperors of Germany John Galeazo the eighth of these was made a Duke by Wenceslaus I. Emperor in 1395. It continued under Dukes till Lewis XII in 1501. by the Conquest of Lewis an usurping Duke got it Maximilian got it from the French in 1513. Francis a Brother of this Maximilian the seventeenth Duke succeeded him in 1529. Francis I. King of France won and lost it again in 1521. And being taken Prisoner by the Forces of Charles V. in the Battel of Pavia in 1525 he was forced for his Liberty to renounce all his Pretences to this Duchy upon the death of Francis Sforze in 1535. it was by Charles V. united for ever to the Crown of Spain under which it still is At this day after all these Sufferings it is the greatest and most beautiful City in Lombardy the most populous too its Inhabitants being thought to be two hundred thousand Souls It s Trade is equal to its Greatness and the Inhabitants very rich It is seven Miles in compass has one of the strongest Cittadels in the World with an University It stands upon the River Olona three hundred and twenty five Miles from Rome one hundred and sixty five from Venice and two hundred and thirty from Lyons Long. 31. 30. Lat. 44. 40. In the years 344. and 350 two Councils were here Congregated against the Arrians In 355. the Arrians carried it against the adverse Party and sent a great number thereof into Banishment In 390. there was another celebrated against Jovinian In 451. the Doctrine of the Incarnation of the Word as expressed in the Epistle of Pope Leo to Flavianus Bishop of Constantinople received the approbation of a Council at this place In 679. they held another against the Menethelites And divers since of inferior note § The Dukedom of Milan is a part of Lombardy bounded on the North by Switzerland and the Grisons on the East by the Republick of Venice and the Dukedom of Placentia on the South by the States of Genoua and on the West by Montisferat and Piedmont The Soil is extreamly fruitful plain well watered very full of People and consequently well improved It especially abounds with Vines and Barley Heretofore much greater than now It contained twenty nine Cities which are now reduced to ten Alessandria Bobbio Como Cremona Lodi Milan Novara Pavia Tortona and Vigevan Of the Fate and History of this Dukedom I have spoken in the Description of the City and I need add nothing here but that it is accounted the richest and noblest Dukedom in Christendom as Flanders is the noblest Earldom Milel Lethon a River in Africa in Cyrene Mileto Melita See Melito Miletus one of the most considerable antient Cities of Ionia in the Lesser Asia with a Port to the Aegean Sea upon the Frontiers of Caria and near the River Meander Founded in the year of the World according to Eusebius 2779 and in the beginning famous above the rest of Greece for Naval Forces They built the Town Naucratis in Egypt and made War with Sadyatus King of Lydia Alexander M overcame them next the Romans Thales the eldest Philosopher Anaximander and Anximenes were Natives of this City Milebum Milevis or Mela an ancient City in the division of Numidia in Africa Aurelius Archbishop of Carthage assembled a Council here in 402. There was another in 416. at which S. Augustine assisted The latter condemned the Principles of Pelagius and Caelestius touching Grace and Infant-Baptism Milford Haven a Celebrated Sea-Port in the County of Pembroke in South Wales upon the Irish Sea Milau a Territory in Rovergue in France Ager Aemilianus Milaud Milhaud Millialdum Amilhanum a City of France in the Province of Rovergue in the Borders of Languedoc upon the River Tarn which watering Alby falls into the Garonne Its Fortifications were razed in 1629. This City is seated in Givaudan seven Leagues from Lodeve to the North and eight from Rhodez to the North East heretofore very strong Mildenhall a large and populous Market Town in the County of Suffolk and the Hundred of Lackford upon the Banks of a River running into the Ouse adorn'd with a fair Church Milli Milliacum commonly called Milli en Gatinois is a Town in the Territory of Gastinois in the Isle of France upon the Rivulet of Escolle five Leagues from Melun and twelve
Aquitain in France upon a small River falling into the Vezere seven or eight Leagues from Perigueux and Bergerac Here there is a very long Subterraneous Caverne call'd la Caverne de Cluseau in which Altars Paintings and rooms are pretended to be discovered as if the Pagans had sacrificed in this place to the Infernal Gods Mirepoix Mirapisca Mirapicium Mirapincum a City of the Vpper Languedoc in France in the County of Foix upon the River Gers three Leagues from Foix to the East and eleven from Tolouse to the South Made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tolouse by Pope John XXII In 1318 having been before a part of the Diocese belonging to that Archbishoprick The Earls of this place in the War against the Albigenses for their bravery obtained the title of Mareschalls of the Faith Miron or Hued Icer Serbes a River in the Kingdom of Algier Miscow an Island in the Gulph of S. Laurence in the North America belonging to New France betwixt that Country and the Island of S. John small but very fruitful Missa Senna Sena a River of Italy which watereth Vrbino the Capital of the Dukedom of that name and falls in the Gulph of Venice four Miles from Signiglia to the North-West Called by the latter Geographers il Cesano Misitra Lacedaemon Sparta is an ancient and most famous City of the Morea seated upon the River Eurotas now called Vafilipotamo thirty Miles from Megalopolis to the South one hundred and twenty from Athens to the South-West and twenty from the nearest Shoar of the Mediterranean Sea This was the Old Sparta Long. 48. 50. Lat. 38. 31. It is situate partly upon a Plain partly upon the foot of Mount Tayget which within Cannon Shot closeth it on the North the River descending from some Hills on the North-West incompasseth it on the West and South In ancient times it was as Polybius saith forty eight Greek Stades in Circuit which is six English Miles but it had a very unhealthful Situation the Mountain on the North side cutting off the cooling Breezes and redoubling by Reflection the Violence of the Rays of the Sun which make it even now when there is so few Inhabitants in it subject to the Plague every Autumn besides the Mountain renders it weak and undefensible This City is said to be built about the Year of the World 2997. in the days of the Patriarch Jacob 1763 Years before the Birth of our Saviour which account if it be true makes Misitra 983 years older than Rome There was no City in the World that flourished so many Ages as this in Military Glory it had a considerable share in all those Actions which made the ancient Greeks so famous It had Kings also the longest of any of the Grecian Cities for many Ages two at once and when they took away the Power from them they preserved the name This City was never brought under the Power of any Stranger till Philopoemen a Macedonian who died in the Year of the World 3767. took and abolished Lycurgus his Laws Which is placed by Helvicus in the Year of the World 3767. one hundred and ninety one Years before the Birth of our Saviour After this it became so inconsiderable as to be rarely mentioned only we are informed the Greek Emperors made it the Appenage of their Elder Sons Mahomet II. stiled the Great was the first of the Turkish Princes who in 1458. or thereabouts possessed himself of this City and the Cittadel built in the latter times on the top of Mount Taygetus In 1473. the Venetians took the City from the Turks but not being able to master the Cittadel they were soon after forced to desert it In 1687. the Bassa of Misitra Articled with the Victorious Venetians to March away with only what the Garrison could carry This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Corinth at this day very small and little peopled Misnia Libonotria is a Province and Marquisate of Germany called by the Inhabitants Meissen or Meissnerlandt It is a considerable part of the Vpper Saxony bounded on the North by the Principality of Anhalt on the East by Lusatia on the South by Bohemia and Franconia and on the West by Thuringia The greatest part is under the Elector of Saxony who resides at Dresden the Capital City The other considerable Places are Leipsick Meissen Mersburg Naumburg and Zwicaro Misraim the most ancient name of Egypt Mistretta Amestrata a very ancient Town in Sicily in the North-West part of the Island upon the River Alaesum fourteen Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and fifty five from Palermo to the East Modbury a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Armington betwixt the Rivers Arme and Aune La Mocha an Island of the South Sea near the Kingdom of Chili in America Modena Mutina a City of Lombardy in Italy the Capital of a Sovereign Dukedom of the same name Seated in a Plain upon the River Secchia the greatest Bed of which runs four Miles more to the West but it has two Branches one runs under the Walls the other through the City of Modena and a little beneath the City unite and fall into the Panaro This City lies twenty Miles from Bologna to the North-West and forty four from Ferrara to the South-West It is naturally strong by its Situation fortified too and has had a Castle added of latter times for its greater security Ancient Story informs us this City was a Roman Colony of great Strength and Reputation and that M. Antonius besieged D. Brutus the principal Conspirator against Julius Caesar here but Hirtius and Pansa the two Consuls coming up Antonius was forced to raise the Siege whereupon followed a bloody Fight in which both these Consuls were slain in the Year of Rome 711. In the times of the Goths and Lombards it was intirely ruined but rebuilt by the Children of Charles the Great In 973. here was a Council held for the composing some differences amongst the German Princes This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna Lo Stato di Modena Mutinensis Ducatus the Dukedom of Modena is bounded on the North with the Dukedoms of Mantoua and Mirandola on the East with the Territory of Bologna on the South with the Dukedom of Tuscany and the States of Luca on the West with the Dukedom of Parma It extends from North to South sixty from East to West forty five Miles heretofore under the Duke of Ferrara but the eldest Line of that Family failing in Alphonsus II. in 1597 the Dukes of Modena who were a younger Branch of the same Family put in their Claim for the whole Succession but were opposed by Pope Clement VIII Whereupon ensued a War which was ended by a Treaty the next Year the Pope keeping Ferrara and the Duke Modena as a Sovereign State Alphonsus d'Este the present Duke is the Third of this Line since the Sovereignty fell into this Family descended from a Race of Dukes which began
in cold Blood and in a time of Peace In 1588 the Inhabitants became almost as infamous by the Baracades against Henry III whereby the Life of that Prince was indangered and he driven out of his Royal Palace by a Seditious Subject who made himself the Head of a Faction under the Pretence of Preserving the Religion of his Country In 1589 Henry III. was stabbed by James Clement a Dominican Fryar under the Walls of Paris just as he was upon the point of revenging the Insolence of the Baracades The year 1590 was no less miserable this City being by a Siege reduced by Henry IV. to so dreadful a Famine as is scarce any where else to be read of In the year 1610 the same Streets were stained with the Blood of Henry IV. slain by Râ—villac another Enthusiastick Monk on the same Pretence that his Predecessor was In the year 1649 they suffered the Calamities of another Siege and were forced to comply with the Queen Mother of France by Famine In the year 1622 at the request of King Lewis XIII Pope Gregory XV. raised the Bishop of Paris to the Honour of an Archbishop with three Suffragans under him the Bishops of Chartres Meaux and Orleans In 1674 the Diguity of a Dukedom and Peerdom was added to the Archbishoprick by the present King Lewis XIV This great City is seated on the Seyne forty five Leagues from the British Sea Long. 23. 20. Lat. 48. 38. Charles V. Emperor others write Sigismond used to say he had seen in France one Village Poictiers one City Orleans and one World Paris The City-Walls have eight Gates those of the University nine The Houses are computed to about fifty thousand there is a great number of Hospitals Abbeys Monasteries Ecclesiastical Seminaries Churches and Palaces amongst which latter the Louvre obtainâ— the Preeminence begun by King Philip the August in 1214 and since by times gloriously enlarged and adorned by Charles V. Francis I. Henry II. Charles IX Henry IV. Lewis XIII and XIV Many Councils have been celebrated here whereof the eldest and one of the most remarkable is that about the year 362 against the Arrians held by S. Hilary Bishop of Poictiers The Territory about this City has the name of Parisis reaching heretofore as far as to Pontoise one way and to Claye towards la Brie another And our Author reports that the Villages and Castles in the space of ten Leagues round amount to the number of ten thousand Parita a Town of New Spain with an Harbour on the South Sea in the Province of Veragna which gives Name to the Bay on which it stands Parma a River of Lombardy in Italy which springeth out of the Appennine in the Borders of the States of Genoua towards Pontremali and running North through the Dukedom of Parma watereth the Capital City of it and ten Miles lower falls into the Po. Parma a City and Colony of the Boii as it is called by Strabo and Pliny now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Balogna having been under the Archbishop of Ravenna It stands upon a River of the same Name in a fruitful and well watered Country ten Miles from the Po to the South thirty five from Modena to the East and from Pidcenza to the West A great rich populous City adorned with a strong Castle and a Noble Palace in which the Duke of Parma resides In the year 1599 there was an University opened here The Emperor Frederick Barberousse besieged this City two years together without success It is about three Miles in compass Has an Academy of the Ingenious settled in it called Gli innominati and in 1602 there was a Synod assembled here The Dukedom of Parma Parmensis Ditio Lo Stato del Duca di Parma or il Parmegiano is a part of Lombardy bounded on the North and West by the Dukedom of Milan on the East by that of Modena and on the South by the States of Genoua The Dukedom of Piacenza the Val di Taro and the Estates di Busseto are contained in the Estates of this Duke The principal Cities in it are Parma Borgo S. Donino Fiorenzuola Piaenza and Briscello This Dukedom was erected by Pope Paul III. in in favour of Peter Lewis Farnese his Son whom the Emperor Charles V. disturbed in the Possession thereof for some time in the year 1545. called before his Elevation Alexander Farnese Parnassus a celebrated Mountain in Phocis in Achaia now Livadia consecrated to Apollo and the Muses near to Citheron and Helicon It is now called by the Inhabitants Liacoura about twelve English Miles from the Gulph of Lepanto to the North between Leucadia to the East and Delphi to the West fifty Miles from Corinth to the North-West § There â—has also been in Cappadocia in Asia Minor an Episcopal City of this Name Parnaw Parnavia a City in Livonia subject to the Crown of Sweden in the Province of Esthonia seated at the Mouth of a River of the same Name upon the Bay of Riga fifty five Miles from Revel to the South and from Riga to the North. The Maps place it twenty German Miles from each of them It is little but well fortified has a Castle and an Haven It belonged at first to the Poles but in the last Century was often taken and retaken till 1617 the Swedes finally possessed themselves of it and have kept it ever since Long. 46. 00. Lat. 57. 20. There belongs to it a small Territory or District called by the Poles Woiewodz two Parnawskie which together with the Town is now in the Hands of the Swedes Paropamisus Paropanisus and Paropanissadae a Country and People of the ancient Persia which lay betwixt Bactriana Aria India and Arachosia Ptolemy calls them by divers Names and makes them an extremely savage People Curtius adds they had no Communication with other Nations and that Alexander's Army suffered very much in their Country which was cold and barren It is placed by Moderns in part in the Province of Candahar in Persia and in part in that of Cabul in the East-Indies § A Mountain in this Country did anciently bear the same Name which the Writers of Alexander's Life miscall Caucasus Paros Paro or Pario one of the Islands Cyclades in the Aegean Sea which hath been in all times of paricular Renown for its White Marble The Ancients give it the several Names of Demetrias Pactya Minoa c. It was heretofore in the Possession of the Venetians and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rhodes But in 1470 the Turks became Masters of it Parret a River in Somersetshire the most considerable next to the Avon in the whole County Bridgewater South-Petherton and Crokehorn stand upon it and Longport near it Parshore or Pershore a great Thorough-fare Market Town in Worcestershire upon the River Avon which it covers with a Bridge The Capital of its Hundred Enriched heretofore with an Abbey Parthenai Partheniacum a City in Poictou in France upon the River Tove in the
Pizarro an exposed Bastard and a Hog-driver who fled from Spain because he had lost a Hog out of his Herd and durst not return home without it He afterwards and his Partner in the Discovery Almagro quarrelling they formed their Parties and made War with one another for some years at length Pizarro was killed at Lima by Almagro's Party Almagro came to be taken and executed by Gonzalo Pizarro the others Brother And Gonzalo Pizarro warring against Pedro de la Gasca Vice-Roy for the King of Spain suffered the same fate to be taken and executed like a Criminal in Guaynanima So both the Pizarro's and with Almagro lost their lives the Government of all that Country they had conquered for the King of Spain The ancient Emperours of Peru were called by the Natives Yncas They began their Reign about the year 1125. four hundred years before the coming of the Spaniards hither Garcilassus de la Vega has published a noble History of them In divers parts and Provinces of their Empire they had erected Palaces and Temples the richest in Gold and Silver as perhaps ever the Sun beheld There being so prodigious a quantity of those Mettals here that in less than fifty years the King of Spain's fifth part out of only one of the Mines of Potosi amounted to above a hundred and eleven Millions weight of pieces of thirteen Reales and a quarter weight a piece It lies mostly betwixt the Equator and the Tropick of Capricorn Perugia Perusia by the French called Perouse a City of Hetruria now in Ombria in the States of the Church a Bishops See and an University the Capital of a Tract of the same name seated upon a Hill near the Tiber forty Miles from Vrbino to the South sixty one from Rome to the North-East and thirty from Nocera to the West This is one of the most ancient Cities of Hetruria Made famous by the besieging of L. Antonius Brother of the Great Antonius by Augustus till he was forced to yield by Hunger so that Perusina fames became a Proverbial Expression Totila a King of the Goths besieged this City seven years before he took it Narsetes retook and repaired it The Lombards were the next Masters of it Charles the Great gave it to the See of Rome In the Wars betwixt the Guelphs and the Gibelines it suffered very much two or three small Synods have been assembled at it It gives its name to the famous Lake where Hannibal defeated the Romans under Flaminius Consul in the year of Rome 537. P. Paul III. built in it a Castle which added to the natural strength of the Place its pleasant Situation magnificent and spruce Buildings and the great plenty of all things have made it one of the most considerable Cities in the Popes Dominions Pesaro Pisaurum a City and Roman Colony in Vmbria of great Antiquity now a part of the Dukedom of Vrbino and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vrbino built near the Mouth of the River Foglia Pisaurus upon the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea forty five Miles from Ancona to the West A fine great and populous City the Seat of the Popes Legat and of old the Residence of the Dukes of Vrbino Totila did heretofore ruine it and Bellisarius repair it There is now a Fortress standing for its security Pescara Aternum a City in the Hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples of old a Bishops See Seated at the Mouth of a River of the same name forty five Miles from Termoli to the North-West and near an hundred from Ancona to the South The River upon which it stands ariseth out of the Apennine in the same Province and watereth Aquila Tocco and Perugia then falls into the Adriatick Sea Pescha Argiruntum a City of Liburnia in Dalmatia now a Village over against the Island of Pago in the Borders of Croatia on the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea Peschiera Piscaria a small but strong City in the States of Venice in the Territory of Verona upon the Lake di Garda where the River Menzo flows out of it fifteen Miles from Verona to the West and twenty five from Brescia to the East Pescia Arnine a River of Hetruria which has a great and a populous Town upon it of the same name in the Territory of Pisa Twelve Miles from Lucca to the East The River falls a little lower into the River Arno. Pessinus an ancient City of Galatia in the Lesser Asia near the Mountain Ida and on the Confines of Phrygia where the Goddess Cybele had heretofore a famous Temple and Statue which latter being by Attalus King of Pergamus presented to the Romans in the year of Rome 649. they instituted the Megalesian Games in the honour of the Goddess It is now a small Town in the Province of Chiangare under the Turks Cybele was thence entituled Pessinuntia Pest Pestum a great Town in the Vpper Hungary seated upon the Danube over against the Lower Buda It is a square Town in a pleasant Plain and gives the beholder from Buda a very delightful Prospect by reason of its Walls Towers and Mosques The Country about it is called the County of Pest from this Town Between it and Buda there is a fine Bridge of Boats almost a quarter of a League long or half an English Mile In 1541. Solyman the Magnificent took it without Resistance and though the next year after it was attempted by a Potent Army under the Marquess of Brandenburgh a Breach made and a brave Assault given by Vitellius an Italian yet the Germans cowardly left the Siege In the year 1602. whilst the Turks were busie in the Siege of Alba Regalis the Germans took Pest and the Lower Buda after which many sharp Rencounters passed between the two Garrisons especially when the River was frozen In 1604. Jagenreuter a base Coward being intrusted with the Government of it without any force or so much as the appearance of an Enemy upon a bare report the Turks were coming to besiege it deserted the Town and fled It continued in the hands of the Turks till 1684. when it was taken by the Duke of Lorrain and kept all that Summer but deserted when he drew off from the Siege of Buda In 1686. it was retaken and by the acquisition of Buda assured to the Imperialists Pesto Pesti Paestum Posidonia a City and Colony of Lucania and a Bishops See in the Hither Principate in the Kingdom of Naples upon a Bay of the same Name twenty two Miles from Salerno to the South and three from Capaccio This City in 930. was taken by the Saracens and entirely ruined All its Inhabitants slain or carried into Captivity It never recovered this blow but the Bishops See was thereupon removed to Capaccio Petacal Patala a City of the Hither Indies at the Mouth of the River Indus which is of great Antiquity Peterborough Petroburgum Petuaria a City in the County of Northampton seated on the River Aufon or Nen over which it has
to the South Livonia to the West and Novogard to the East It is great populous and fruitful was a Sovereign Dukedom till John Basilovitz conquered it in 1509. The principal City is Pleskow Pleskovia which stands upon the River Veliki forty Miles from the Confines of Livonia to the East sixty from the Lake of Ilmen and forty from Riga to the North-East This City was betrayed into the Hands of the Russ by the Priests in 1509 upon a Religious Pretence who were severely punished for their Treason by that perfidious bloody cruel Tyrant In 158◠it was besieged and taken by Stephen King of Poland Again in 1615 by Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden out of whose Hands the Russ were forced to redeem it by the Payment of a vast Sum of Money The Russ call it Pskouwa Plessis a Seigniory in the Province of Poictou in France giving Name and Origine to an Honourable Family which produced the late famous Minister of State in that Kingdom the Cardinal of Richlieu Plymouth Plymuthum a Noble Sea-Port Town in the most Western part of Devonshire on the South of England It takes its Name from the River Plyme between which and the Tainer a much greater River and the Western Boundary of Devonshire this Town is seated and has one of the largest safest and most convenient Havens in the World It was anciently called Sutton and saith Mr. Cambden of late times was a poor Fishermens Town but within the compass of a few years become equal to some of the best Cities in England Fortified both to the Seaward by a Fort built on St. Nicolas Isle and to Landward by two Forts upon the Haven and a Castle on a Hill besides which it has a Chain for the Security of the Haven in time of War Henry IV. granted it a Mayor From this Town Sir Francis Drake set Sail in 1577 when he went that Voyage in which he sailed round the Terrestrial Globe Out of this Haven the English Fleet was Towed by Ropes the Winds being contrary when in 1588 Charles Lord Howard Admiral of England went to fight the Spanish invincible Armado as they unwisely called it Charles II. added to the Strength of this Place by building a stately Cittadel on a Hill near it and to its Honour by creating Charles Fitz-Charles one of his Natural Sons Baron of Dartmouth Viscount Totnes and Earl of Plymouth July 9. 1675 who afterward died at Tangier Ploen Plona a small City in the Dukedom of Holstein in the Province of Wagaren between a double Lake of the same Name six German Miles from Lubeck to the North. It has a splendid and noble Castle which together with the City is under the Dominion of a Prince of the Family of Holstein Plotzko Ploczko or Plosco Plocum Ploscum a small City in the Greater Poland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesna the Capital of a Palatinate of the same Name in the Dukedom of Mazomiekie or Masovia to which there belongs a Castle It is seated upon the Vistula fourteen Polish Miles from Warsaw to the West Pludents a small Seigniory in Tyrol belonging to the King of Spain Plusa Aprusa a small River in Romandiola which springeth out of Mount Titam and running Southward falls into the Adriatick Sea near Rimin◠Also called L' Avesa Pluviers Aviarium a City in the Province of La Beause upon the River l' Oeuf ten Leagues from Orleans to the North and as many from Montargis to the East it is a spruce City and by the Writers of the middle Times called Pithuria Plurs or Pleure Plura an Italian Prefecture belonging to the Grisons by the Gift of Maximilian Sforza Duke of Milan in 1513. It takes its Name from the chief Town of the same Name once seated at the Foot of the Alpes near Chiavenne upon the River Maira the chief of sundry Villages lying in the same bottom now nothing but a deep and bottomless Gulph For on April 26. 1617. a huge Rock falling from the top of the Mountains overwhelmed it and killed in the twinkling of an Eye fifteen hundred people left no sign or ruin of a Town there standing but in the place thereof a great Lake of about two Miles in length Heylyn There were eight Religious Houses in it yet scarce one person of all the Town escaped alive The day before this a roaring noise was heard from the Mountain Po Padus Eridanus the greatest River in Italy which ariseth in Piedmont and dividing Lombardy into two parts falls into the Adriatick Sea by many Mouths Called by the Italians French and English Po by the Germans Paw It s Head is in Mount Viso Vesulus one of the Cottian Alpes in the Borders of Dauphiné in the Marquisate of Saluzzo from a Spring called Visenda in the midst of a Meadow and running East by the Castle of Paisand it hides it self in the Earth again So dividing Piedmont at Villa Franca it takes in the Chisone and at Pancalieri the Veraita and Macra by the addition of which it becomes capable of bearing a Boat Then it waters Turin the Capital of Savoy where it takes in the Doria so continuing his Course to the East by Chivas and Casal he takes his leave of the Duke of Savoy's Dominions and entereth Milan leaving Pavia five and Milan twenty Miles to the North it passeth on the South of Piacenza and the North of Cremona leaving Parma four Miles to the South and Mantoua six to the North he passeth to Fichervolo where he divides his vastly improved Streams into two great Branches The Northern watereth the State of Venice and by five Mouths entereth the Gulph of Venice the Southern passeth to Ferrara and is there subdivided into three other Branches the most Southern of which runs within four Miles of Ravenna This River receives about thirty Rivers in all from the Alpes and the Apennine and being by far the greatest River in Italy is mightily magnified by the Latin Poets who would have it no less than the Nile and the Danube call it the King of Rivers and the greatest in the World It must be confessed that it is a noble Flood and the only one which has sound a place in Heaven too or hath the Glory to be made a Constellation But saith the Learned Dr. Brown who saw it there are many Rivers that exceed it in Greatness The Names of the most considerable of its Branches are il Po grando il Po di Ariano il Po di Volana and il Po di Argenta Poblet a Monastery in Catalonia where the Kings of Arragon were anciently buried Pocevera Porcifera a River in the States of Genoua which takes its rise from the Appennine and by a Valley ten Miles long makes it passage by Genoua into the Ligustick Sea Pocklington a Market Town in the East Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Harthill upon a small River falling into the Derwent Pocutie Pocutia a small Tract in the South part of the Kingdom
in the 7th Century the Gospel in divers Places in Switzerland especially in the Territory of Torgaw where having refused an Offer of the Bishoprick of Constance made to him he retired at length to his Solitudes in this place which became the Seat of an Abbey from him enriched since vastly by the Donations of the Kings of France and the Emperors The City stands upon an Eminence not great but well built and much traded for its fine Linnen Works called Galles or Gawse from it Betwixt the Abbey and the City there is a common Gate fastned by the Burgesses on the one side and the Abbot on the other The City antiently did depend in many things upon the Abbey as having received its total rise from it but at present they each enjoy their separate Sovereignties S. Galmier a small Town in the County of Foretz in the Government of Lionnois remarked for a Fountain of Allum-Water there S. Georgio de Mina Arx Sancti Georgii a Castle upon the Coste d'Or in Guinee in Africa betwixt the Cape of three Points and Cape Corso which has a Town built by the Portuguese in 1481 and a large and safe Port or Haven within a few years past taken by the Dutch S. Germain on Laye Fanum Sancti Germani in Laya a Town and Royal Castle in the Isle of France seated upon an high Hill by the Seine having two magnificent Palaces one new of the foundation of Henry le Grand the other ancient built by Charles V continued under the English in the time of their French Conquests and repaired by Francis I. King of France whither the Kings of France frequently retire The Court of K. James II. of England and Qu. Mary his Consort is kept here It is four Leagues from Paris to the West Henry II. King of France was born here in 1518. Charles IX in 1550. Lewis XIV now King of France in 1638 who has added divers great Ornaments to i◠And it is no less famous for a Peaco made here in 1679 between the Kings of France and Sweden and the Elector of Brandenburgh S. Germain Lembrum a small City in Auvergne near the River Allier in the Tract de Lembrun two Leagues from Issoire eight from Clermont to the South and the same from S. Flour to the North-East S. Germains a Corporation in the County of Cornwal in East Hundred represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons S. Gewer S. Gower Fanum Sancti Goari a Town upon the Rhine in the County of Catzenellobogen in the Borders of the Bishoprick of Trier four Miles above Coblentz to the South which belongs to the Landgrave of Hassia Rhinefeld S. Gilles a Town in the Lower Languedoc in France one League from the Rhosne betwixt Beaucaire and Arles upon a Rivulet In Latin Fanum Sancti Aegidii and Palatium Gothorum in some Authors It has been taken for the Anatolia of Pliny and likewise for the Heraclea of the same Pliny and Antoninus The Huguenots gave the Roman Catholicks a Defeat near it in 1562. S. Gothard Adula the highest part of the Alpes between the Switzers and the Dukedom of Milan The French call it S. Godard § Also an Abbey of the Lower Hungary upon the River Raab and the Frontiers of Stiria two Miles from Kerment betwixt which and Kerment the Turks receiv'd a bloody Defeat in 1664. S. Hubert a City and Bishoprick in the Dukedom of Luxembourgh S. Jago a City of Africa in an Island of the same Name well fortified and made a Bishops See by the Portuguese under whom it is taken and plundered by Sir Francis Drake in 1585. This is one of the Islands of Cape Verde About forty five Leagues long ten broad and ninety five or a hundred in Circumference It produces great quantities of Salt S. Jago a City on the South Shoar of the Isle of Cuba which has a safe Port and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Domingo S. Jago de Compostella See Compostella S. Jago de Chili Fanum Sancti Jacobi a City in South America at the foot of the Mountain Andes built by the Spaniards by the River Maipus fifteen Leagues from the South Sea Made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of la Plata It is the Capital of the Kingdom of Chili S. Jago del Estero the capital City of Tucumania a Country in South America seated upon the River Estero a hundred and seventy Leagues from Potosi which is a Bishop's See under the Dominion of the Spaniards S. Jago de Guatimala a City of New Spain in North America which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico S. Jean de Angely or D'Angery Angeracum Ageriacum Engeriacum fanum S. Johannis Angeriaci a celebrated Town in Saintonge in France upon the River Boutonne two Leagues from the Borders of Poictou and seven from Saintes to the North. Heretofore very strongly fortified and in 1562. desended against the Huguenots who taking it in a second Attempt encreased its strength by adding more regular Fortifications to it In 156◠it surrendred to Charles IX by a Siege of two Months with his loss of ten thousand Men before it but falling into the hands of the Huguenots again in 1620. Lewis XIII dismantled it in 1621 after he had by sorce of Arms and a Siege taken it from them S. Jean de l'Aune or Losne Fanum S. Johannis Laudonensis Laudona a Town in Burgundy in France upon the Saosne betwixt Auxone and Bellegarde Famous for repulsing an Army of the Imperialists in 1636. S. Jean de Leon a Town in Burgundy upon the Soane S. Jean de Luz Fanum Sancti Johannis Luisii or Luisium a Town of Aquitain in France in the Pais des Basques and the Territory of Labour with a Port upon the Ocean at the Fall of the River Vrdacuri into it two Miles from the Borders of Spain Lewis XIV now King of France was Married in this Town in 1660. S. Jean de Maurienne Fanum Sancti Johannis Mauriensis a very considerable but unwalled open City in Savoy upon the River Arco in the Valley de Maurienne which is a County three Leagues from the Borders of the Dauphiné to the South and ten from Grenoble to the East This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vienne And the Cathedral shews the Tombs of divers of the Dukes of Savoy S. Jean Pie de Port Fanum S Johannis Pede-Portuensis a very strong Town in the Lower Navarr in the Mountains upon the River Nive which falls into the Adoure eight Leagues from Baionne to the South This Town is yet in the Hands of the K. of France as King of Navarr S. Johns Point Isamnium one of the most Eastern Points of Ireland in the Province of Vlster in the County of Downe S. Johnston Fanum Sancti Johannis ad Tavum the same with Perth S. Juan de Puerto Rico Fanum Sancti Johannis de Portu divite a City of North America in an Island of the same Name in the North
It stands â—orty Miles from S. Jago to the North-East by a small Lake S. Sebastian Fanum Sancti Sebasliani a City of great strength seated at the foot of an Hill on the Shoars of the Ocean at the Mouth of the River Orio in the Province of Guipuscâ—a in Spain not above three Leagues from the Borders of Gallicia to the West twelve from Bayonne to the West and the same distance from Pampelona to the North. S. Sehastian a City in Brasil in America which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvador and the Capital of a Province it has also a large Haven secured by two Forts in the Hands of the Portuguese S. Sever Severopolis a City of France which is the Capital of Gascoigne properly so called upon the River Adour six Miles beneath Aire to the West eight above Dax to the East and twenty three from Bourdeaux to the South San Severo a small City in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Manfredonia but exempt from his Jurisdiction It stands in the Capitanate in a Plain eleven Miles from the Adriatick Sea to the South and twenty four from Manfredonia to the West This Bishoprick was setled here by Pope Gregory XIII it being a flourishing populous City S. Severina Siberina a City in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples which is but small yet an Archbishops See It stands upon a steep Rock by the River Neeto ten Miles from the Ionian Sea twelve from Crotone and forty from Cosenza San Severino Septempeda a City in the Marquisate of Anconitana which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Fermo It is small tho of great Antiquity In 543. Septempeda the Roman Town was burnt by the Goths In 1498. there was a Castle built which in time and by degrees produced this City in 1598 first made a Bishops See by Pope Sixtus the Fifth It is built by the River Potenza six Leagues from Tolentino to the West and sixteen from Macerata to the South-West S. Simon a Town in the County of Vermandois in Picardy upon the River Somme betwixt S. Quentin and Ham Honoured with the Title of a Dukedom and giving name to an antient Family there S. Thierry an Abbey near Reims in the Province of Champaigne founded about the year 525 and after being ruined by the Saracens repair'd again in the ninth Century A Council was held at it in 953. S. Thomaso Melange a City of the hither East-Indies called by the Natives Maliapur It is a City of Coromandel on the Bay of Bengala two hundred Miles from the Island of Zeilan or Ceilan to the North. This Town which has been a long time in the Hands of the Portuguese had the Name of S. Thomas given it by them In 1671. the French took it but two Years after they were forced to leave it and the Portuguese recovered their Possession S. Thomas is an Island of a considerable bigness in the Atlantick Ocean said to be thirty Spanish Leagues in compass or one hundred and thirty English Miles round It was found by the Portuguese the twenty third of December being S. Thomas's day and therefore so called in 1405. When they thus found it it was one continued Forest never before inhabited by men The Portuguese have tamed those till then untouched Forests and since well peopled it The Negroes live longer and thrive better than their Masters some of which have died here at an hundred and ten years of Age. The Air is excessive hot so that no Wheat will come to any perfectior nor any Stone-Fruit Sugar Canes thrive excessively forty Ship Loads have been brought from thence in one Year In the midst there is a Mountain always shadowed with Clouds and covered with Trees which occasions those Dews which nourish the Sugar Canes in the hottest Seasons The principal City is called Pavoasan or S. Thomas built of Wood yet adorned with the Title of a Bishops See and a strong Cittadel and makes about seven hundred Portuguese Families This Island was taken by the Hollanders in 1599 and abandoned and again in 1641. But then the Portuguese having used all fair means to recover it the second time in vain they entered it with their Swords and by sorce of Arms recovered what was their just Right This Island lies exactly under the Line in Long. 27. one hundred and eighty Miles from the Coast of Africa in nigh a Circular Figure S. Trinidad de Buenos Ayres Fanum Sanctae Trinitatis a City of South America in the Province of Paragua and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of La Plata the Seat of the Courts of Justice of La Plata a celebrated Sea-Port and Emporium seated on the South side of the River of Plate where it enters the Ocean The Spaniards under whom it is have added Buenos Ayres Good Air to its Name to shew its greatest Excellence S. Tropez Fanum Sancti Torpetis a small but very strong City of Provence in France which has a Sea-Port or Haven upon the Mediterranean Sea five Leagues from Frejus or Fregiu to the South and twelve from Toulon to the East S. Truyen or S. Tron as the French call it Fanum Sancti Trudonis a Town in the Bishoprick of Leige in the Borders of Brabant the Capital of the County of Hasbain or Haspengow five German Miles from Maestricht to the West and from Liege to the East It was walled but dismantled in 1673. S. Venant Fanum Sancti Venantii a Town in Artois in the Low Countries seated upon the River Lise two Leagues from Arras formerly a Place of great strength but now neglected by the French who have possessed it ever since 1659. S. Veit Candocilla Fanum Sancti Viti a City of Carinthia at the Conjunction of the Wiltz and the Glac two German Miles from Glagenfurt toward Girkaw built in a very fruitful Valley S. Veit am-Flaum Fanum Sancti Viti Fâ—omoniensis a strong Town in Carniola which has a Castle and an Haven on the Gulph of Venice in the Borders of Croatia in subjection to the Emperor Saintes or Sainctes Mediolanum Santonum Santona Santones Vrbs Santonica a City in Aquitain the Capital of the Province of Saintonge and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux It stands upon the River Charente twenty Leagues from Bourdeaux to the North eleven from Rochelle to the South-East Great but not equally rich and populous This City was in the times of the Romans built upon an Hill where there appears the Ruins of a Roman Theatre and many other Antiquities this first Pile being ruined by the Goths Franks and other Barbarous Nations the present was built nearer the River and in a lower Ground In the times of the Civil Wars of France in the last Age this City had also a great share the Hugonots for a long time being Masters of it It hath now divers religious Houses In 563. a Council here deposed Emeritus Bishop of the Place for having
Barkstow upon a small stream falling into the VVarfe and the Ouse at the place of their Conjunction This Town is noted for the Stone-quarries near it well inhabited and provided with a Free-School Shoreham a Market Town in the County of Sussex in Bramber Rape by the Sea side Shrewsbury Salopia the principal City in Shropshire is seated upon the Severne on the top of an Hill of Red Earth in the middle of that County The River runs almost round the Town and is covered by two lovely Bridges Roger of Montgomery in the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror built on the North side of it a strong Castle which added much to its strength he founded a stately Abbey in it whose remains are extant still It was then a very considerable Place Nor is it after so many Ages sunk in its Wealth Riches or People but still a goodly City and the Centre of the Trade between VVales and England Near this City in 1463 was a sharp Battel fought between Henry IV. and Henry Percie Earl of Northumberland on the behalf of Edward Mortimer Earl of March as the right Heir of the Crown of England after Richard II. In 1067 Roger de Montgomery Earl of Arundel was by the Conqueror created Earl of Shrewsbury His Posterity enjoyed it till 1102 in three descents and then were divested of it In 1442 John Talbot Marshal of France a Person of great Worth and Conduct and the terror of France was by Henry VI made Earl of this City which Honour is enjoyed by his Posterity to this day Charles Talbot the twelfth of this Line succeding in 1667. Shrewsbury contains now five Parish Churches denominates a Lath is encompassed with a strong Wall with a Bulwark that ranges from the Castle to the Severn and is represented in the lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses First supposed to have taken its rise from the ruines of the ancient Vriconium which stood not far from it Shropshire Salopia is bounded on the North by the County Palatine of Chester on the East by Staffordshire on the South by Worcester Hereford and Radnorshires on the West by Montgomery and Denbigh It s length from North to South is thirty four its breadth from East to West twenty five and the circuit about one hundred thirty four English Miles wherein lye one hundred and seventy Parishes and fifteen Market Towns The Air of it is gentle and healthful the Soil rich and fruitful abounding in Wheat Barley Pit-Coals Iron and Wood. The Severne which is the second River of England divides this County almost in the middle receiving into it the Camlet the Morda the Mele the Roddon the Terne the VVorse and some others on the South it has the Temde which receives the Bradfield Onke Omey Quenny Stradbrook Corve Ledwich and Rea all which and some other Rivers water and enrich the South part of this County so that it may very well be one of the most fruitful and best peopled Counties in England The Principal City is Shrewsbury Siam a City and Kingdom beyond the Ganges in the Further East Indies The Kingdom is bounded on the North by the Kingdoms of Pegu and Ava on the East Cambaya Lao Jancoma and Tangu on the South the Bay of its own Name and on the West by the Bay of Bengale making by this form of its situation a Demicircle of about four hundred and fifty Leagues Some assign it a far greater extent and bound it by Pegu and Lao on the North the Chinian and Indian Oceans to the East and West with the Kingdom of Malaca to the South And this way it makes a great Peninsula It is certain the King of Siam keeps several other Kingdoms and Principalities tributary to him and his Country being blessed with a good Air a fertile Soil Mines of Lead Tin Silver and Gold tho of a base Alloy with store of Ivory and being visited continually by Vessels from Japan China Cochinchina Tonquin the Sound and the Philippine Islands from all parts of the Hither East Indies and from Arabia Persia and the Kingdoms of Europe it affords the enjoyment of every thing almost that is valuable Whilst the Sun is in the Northern Signs from March to September the Fields are generally overflown by the Rivers which much contributes to the fertility of them for the Ear of the Rice mounts above the height of the Waters The King of Siam was Master heretofore of Malaca see Malaca Of late himself became a Tributary to the King of Pegu see Pegu. But he is very absolute over and served with the profoundest Adoration by his own Subjects The English French and Dutch have each their Factories in this Kingdom The Portuguese and Armenians Moors and Chinese settle here in great Numbers being allowed dwellings in the City Siam by a Favour not made common to all Nations Siam the City stands in an Island that is formed by the River Menan surpassing in the richness of its Temples most of the proudest Cities in the Indies and its Palace Royal where the King resides built by the River side is of an extent sufficient to denominate a City of it self In 1634 the Dutch built themselves a House in Siam whichâ—is one of the best belonging to their Company in these Indies Siangyang Siangyanum a City in the Province of Huquam in the Kingdom of China The Capital over six other Cities Siara a small City in Brasil upon the North Sea which is the Capital of a Province has a large safe Haven and a Castle but not very populous Under the Portuguese 〈◊〉 a Kingdom under the Great Mogul in the East-Indies towards the Fountains of Ganges and Mount Caucasus betwixt Naugracut and Pitane Siben Sabiona now a Castle only but formerly a City in the County of Tirol and a Bishop's See It is seated upon the River Eysock ten Miles from Brixia whither the Brishoprick is removed to the South-West Siberia a Province of great extent under the Crown of Muscovy towards the river Obb in the Desart Tartary between the Provinces of Condora Legomoria and Permia Some few years since first discovered all covered with uninhabited Woods Marshes and desolate Countries having only a few Inhabitants which have a particular Language of their own and not the use of Bread The Moscovites have of late built the Cities Tobolsk upon the River Yâ—â—im and Siber on the Obb here and united both in one Archbishoprick At the former the Vice Duke under the Grand Duke of Moscovy resides he commands over both Siberia and Samoyeda They have also set up Churches in divers places for the Moscovian Christians Sicambri a People of the ancient Germany placed by most about the now Province of Guelderland in the Vnited Netherlands betwixt the Maes and the Rhine By others upon the banks of the Mayne Strabo calls them Sugambri Ptolemy Synganbri The Bructeri were a part of their Dependents Sichem an ancient City of the Territory of Samaria in Palestine in the
of Holland one League from Leyden which has been adorned with the Title of an Earldom Valdiva a small City in the Kingdom of Chili in South America which has a large and safe Haven on the Pacifick Ocean under the Dominion of the Spaniards though it has been often ruined by the Indians It stands seventy five Leagues from Imperiali to the South written sometimes Baldiva Valence Valentia Julia Valentia Segalaunorum Vrbs a City of Gallia Narbonensis in Ptolemy now called Valenza by the Italians It is a neat populous great City in the Dauphiné and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vienne upon the River Rhosne eleven Leagues from its Metropolis to the South This Bishoprick was for ever united to that of Dye in 1275. The Bishops take the Title of Earls of Valence In 1452. there was an University opened here The River Isere closeth it on the North and the Rhosne on the West It is the Capital of the Dukedom of Valentinois hath a Cittadel an Abbey and a Collegiate Church besides the Cathedral with a great number of Religious Houses And anciently was a Roman Colony In 374. 584. and 855. Councils were assembled at this City In 890. Lewis Son of Bozon was confirmed King of Arles by the Bishops here met for the purpose There have been more Councils in after times held in the same place § Also a Town in the Province of Guyenne near the Garonne Valenchiennes Valenciennes Vallencenae Valentianae Valentinianae a City of Hainault upon the Schelde where it receives the Ronel which divides it A great strong spruce place two Leagues from Quesnoy to the North five from Tournay to the South and from Cambray to the West Henry VII Emperour of Germany was a Native of it and Baldwin and Henry Emperors of Constantinople In 1656. the French besieged it under the Mareschals Turenne and la Ferte But Don John of Austria assisted with the Prince of Conde raised the Siege and took the latter Prisoner In 1667. it was taken by the French under whom it now is They have since added to its Fortifications It was made an University in 1475. Valencia Valentia Valentia Constetinorum a City and Kingdom in Spain The City is called by the Italians Valenza and stands about a Mile from the Mediterranean Sea forty nine Leagues from Barcinone to the North-West from Toledo to the East and Saragoza to the South Built by Junius Brutus a Roman in the year of Rome 616. Rescued out of the hands of the Moors by Roderic Bivar el Cid in the year 1025. Taken by them again and recovered the second time by James I. King of Arragon in 1236. Made a Bishops See in 1492. by Pope Alexander VI. In Pliny's time it was a great noble elegant City walled with five Bridges over the River Guadalaviar and now the best peopled in all Spain except Lishon and Madrid An University the Capital of a Kingdom and the Seat of its Courts of Justice and a Vice-Roy It has given to the See of Rome two Popes Calistus II. and Alexander VI. The Spaniards proverbially call it Valencia la Hermosa the Beautiful Long. 25. 15. Lat. 39. 55. The Kingdom of Valencia lies upon the Mediteranean Sea Bounded on the East by Catalonia and that Sea on the West by New Castile and by the Kingdom of Murcia to the South The chief Cities in it are Valencia Segorve Orighuella Xativa Elche and Alicante Watered by the Ebro the Mervedre the Guadalquivir and the Xucar so that it enjoys at once the most fruitful Soil and the most pleasant and temperate Air of all Spain much like that of Naples Their Silk and Wooll are the best in the World Their Sheep were first brought thither from Cotswald in England in 1465. by the imprudent Courtesie of Edward IV. In short the Plenty Delicacies and Pleasantness of this Kingdom has esseminated its Inhabitants and made them less able to defend it The ancient Edetani and Contestani dwelt here It became a distinct Moorish Kingdom in 1214. Submitted to Arragon in 1228. Finally conquered by them in 1238. Philip II. banished out of it twenty two thousand Families of the Moors Valeneia d' Alcantara a strong Town in the Province of Extremadura in Spain but in the Borders of Portugal upon the River Savar eight Leagues from Alcantara to the West Taken by the Portuguese and restored to the Spaniard by the Treaty of Peace in 1668. Valencia di Minho a strong Town upon the River Minho in the Kingdom of Portugal which has resisted the repeated Attacks of the Spaniards Valenza Valentia Forum Fulvii or Valentinum a strong Town in the Dukedom of Milan but in the Borders of Montferrat Built upon an Hill by the Po ten Miles from Casal to the East and seven from Alessandria to the North. It was attempted by the French in 1635. and in 1656. with great loss they took it in 1657. The Spaniards were defeated in 1658. in their design of recovering it but gained it by the Treaty of Peace the next year at the Pyrenees and are still in possession of it Valentinois a Territory in Dauphine of which Valence is the Capital It is divided into the Vpper and Lower Valentinois The Upper extends from the River Isere to the Droume the other from the Droume to the County of Venaissin Formerly under its own Counts It became united with Dauphine and the Crown of France in the time of Tewis XI King of France Lewis XII advanced it to the quality of a Dukedom Valette Valetta a new very strong fine populous City in the Isle of Malta Built by Jean de Valette a French Man Master of the Knights of Malta in the year 1566. after the Turkish Siege on the North side of the Island upon a Mountain called Sceb Erras having an excellent Port. The Master of that Order has resided in that City ever since the year 1571. The Castle belonging to it is called S. Elmo La Valette or Villebois a Town in the Dukedom of Angousmois in France Valiza Rhodope a Mountain in Thrace called by the Inhabitants Rulla It divides Thrace into two parts extending from East to West and gives Birth to the River Hebrus and some others Valladolid Pintia Vallisolitum Vallisoletum a City of Old Castile in Spain great elegant and populous upon the River Piznerga a little above its fall into the Douro in the Borders of the Kingdom of Leon of which it was a part Sixteen Spanish Leagues from Burgos to the South-West and twenty from Salamanca to the North-East This City was built by the Goths in the year of Christ 625. Made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo in the year 159◠Christopher Columbus the first Discoverer of America died here in the year 1506. It was for some time the Seat of the Kings of Castile and now an University of great esteem In this place Philip II. King of Spain by the perswasion of Mr. Parsons a known English Jesuit erected
Champagne sixteen from Reims North and four from Marle South often mentioned on the account of a Peace here made between Henry IV. of France and Philip II. of Spain May 2. 1598. Uerâ—lam Verolamium an ancient Roman City and Colony mentioned by Tacitus and Ptolemy in Hartfondshire the Royal City of Cassibellanus a British Prince contemporary with Julius Caesar by whom this City was taken fifty two years before the Birth of our Saviour in his second Expedition into Britain In the year of Christ 66. it was taken and intirely ruined by Boadicia Queen of the Iceni and all the Romans put to the Sword yet it recovered again and flourished as long as the Romans continued in Britain and under Dioclesian had one famous Martyr called Albanus In 429 there was a British Synod held here by S. German Bishop of Auxerre in France against the Pelagians Soon after it fell into the Hands of the Saxons I suppose about 465. Retaken by Vthe Pendragon who began his Reign in 498. and Reigned eighteen years Again retaken by the Saxons and intirely ruined In 975. Offa King of the Mercians built on the other side the little River Ver which washed the Walls of it a goodly Monastery in Honour of S. Alban which after became a great Town K. James I. revived the Memory of this place when he made Sir Francis Bacon then Lord Chancellour of England Lord Verulam in 1620 who dying without Issue the Title failed but he yet honors the place by lying buried in a little Church near it Veruli or Veroli Verulum a City in Campania di Roma under the Dominion of the Pope which is a Bishops See and now in a tolerable condition upon the River Cosa forty eight Miles from Rome to the South and from Capua to the North sixty from Pescara West Vesere See Weser Vesle Vidula a River of Champagne which ariseth three Leagues from Chaalons to the East and watering Reims falls into the Aisne Vesoul Vesulum a small but neat City in the Franche Comté nine Leagues from Besanzon and thirteen from Beaucaire West Now in the Possession of the French Vesprin Vesprinum Vesprimium a City of the Lower Hungary called by the Inhabitants Vesprim by the Germans Weisbrun It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gran. The Capital of a County of the same name strong and populous and defended by a Castle Seated on the River Sarwize eleven German Miles from Gran South and five from Alba Regalis West This has been in the hands of the Emperour ever since 1565. Vesulus one of the Cottian Alpes betwixt Dauphine to the West and Piedmont to the East Now called Mont viso The River Po derives its head from it Vesuvius a Vulcanoe in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples eight Miles from the City Naples near the Castle of Somma from which last place the Italians give it the name of il Monte di Somma The particular times of its overflowing with stormes of fire are all recorded in History since our Saviour and the Reign of Augustus viz. in the years 81. 243. 421. 985. 973. 983. 1036. 1038. 1138. 1139. 1430. 1500. 1631 1660. 1682. Where the Intervals sometimes continue two or three hundred years at others not above one two and ten In its last rupture in 1682. Aug. 14. it covered the whole Dukedom of Massa adjacent with ashes of a nauseous odour and set on fire the wood of Otajano The twentieth it caused an Earthquake of three hours continuance which reached to Naples The twenty second it cast forth floods of smoak ashes coals attended with a roaring noise Flames Earthquake and Thunder the Flames ran from it unextinguished in the midst of vast storms of Rain filling Naples with Ashes And on the 24th it ended in a cloud of white ashes Before the Reign of Augustus we read of its ruptures five times The Elder Pliny was suffocated as he searched the causes thereof upon the place Veteravie See Weteraw Veuxin Vexin Velocasses a Territory in Normandy betwixt the Rivers Apte and Ardelle the Capital of which was Roan but now Gisors § There is another in the Isle of France of the same name between the Oyse and the Apte the Capital of which is Pontoise This for distinction is called Vexin Francois and the other Vexin Normand § There is a City of the same name in Gothland in the Kingdom of Sweden Vezelay Veseliacum Vizeliacum a City in the Dukedom of Burgundy in Auxerre upon the River Curez in the Borders of Nivernois ten Leagues from Auxerre to the South eighteen from Nevers to the South-East and five from Corbie in Picardy to which Province this City is now added P. Eugenius III. celebrated a Council here in 1145. for the recovery of the Holy Land Vgenti Vgento Vxentum a small City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples twenty Miles from Otranto to the North-West and eleven from Gallipoli to the East Long. 42. 28. Lat. 39. 56. Vgogh Vgoza a County in the Vpper Hungary towards the Tibiscus and the Borders of Transylvania The Capital of it is a Castle of the same name Two German Miles from Zatmar to the East and a little more from the Tibiscus W. Viana a City in Navarre upon the River Ebro thirteen Leagues from Pampelune and seven from Calahorra in Castile to the South-West Built by Sancius King of Navarre in 1219. In 1423. made a Principality by Charles III. and ever after given to the Prince of Navarre as his Title Viatka a City River and Province in Muscovy one hundred and twenty Miles from Cazan to the North. Viburg Viburgum a City in Sweden the Capital of Carelia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Riga one hundred and sixty Miles from Narva to the North upon the Bay of Finland on which it has a Haven and a strong Castle The Muscovites have several times in vain assaulted it Vicenza or Vincenza Vicentia Vicetia Vincentia a City in the States of Venice in Lombardy which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja a great strong City under the Republick of Venice upon the River Bachiglione Eighteen Miles from Padoua thirty from Verona East and from Feltria South Taken by Maximilian in 1509. Long. 33. 40. Lat. 44. 50. It was inhabited anciently by the Euganei The Gauls were Benefactors to it The Romans and the Lombards possessed it each in the times of their Power It fell to the Venetians not till after great revolutions and divers Wars The pleasantness of its situation gives it the Title of the Garden of Venice It is the Capital of the Territory of the Vincentine In 1583. and 1623. Synods were assembled here Vich Vicus Aquae Voconiae Ausa Nova Corbio a small City in Catalonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona Seated upon the River Tera twelve Leagues from Barcellone to the North and nine from Girone to the West In 1627. a Synod was