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A71161 The history of all religions in the world, from the creation down to this present time in two parts : the first containing their theory, and the other relating to their practices ... : to which is added, a table of heresies : as also a geographical map, shewing in what countrey each religion is practised ... / by William Turner ... Turner, William, 1653-1701. 1695 (1695) Wing T3347; ESTC R6111 329,028 716

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the New-Testament I first met with St. John's First Chapter In the beginning was the word c. I read part of it and was presently convinced that the Divinity and Authority of the Author did excel all humane Writings my Body trembled my Mind was astonished and I was so affected all that day that I knew not what I was Thou wast mindful of me O my God according to the multitude of thy Mercies and calledst home thy lost Sheep into thy Fold and from that day he wholly beat himself to pious Practices Anonym Bishop Vergerius was converted by occasion of seeing Fr. Spira in his misery or as some say by reading a Protestant Book with an intention to confute it S. Augustine gives us the Story at large of his own Conversion in his Book of Confessions and imputes it partly to the reading of Cicero's Hortensius to the Prayers of his Mother Monica and her continal Admonitions the Preaching of S. Ambrose but especially to the Discourse of Pontilian and his relation of the Life of S. Anthony which so stirr'd up his Passions that immediately he burst out into Tears retired into the Garden open'd his Testament at the direction of an Angel as he thought crying Take up and read and hit presently upon that Text Rom. 13.12 13 14. Aug. Conf. l. 8. c. 7 8. Justin Martyr was converted by seeing of the Martyrs Maronites Sometimes before was arrived there at Suratte a Merchant of Aleppo who had run himself out at heels and of a Maronite Christian was become a Roman Catholick in hopes to patch up his fortune being in truth a meer Counterfeit and Hypocrite for these Levantine Christians seldom change their Religion but upon some Motive of Interest and when they have got a good Sum together they presently whip back again into their own Country and for a small piece of Money obtain Absolution of their Patriarch among many others I will only mention one Franciscan called Paulus Stella coming with 400 Crowns or thereabouts in his Pocket for his Subsistance a Maronite smelt him out and under the pretence of giving him the honour of his Conversion to the Catholick Religion never left him till he had suckt him dry and turn'd the Chanel of his Money This Maronite Merchant whose Name was Chelebi shewed himself very zealous for the Capuchins and he had reason enough for the Capuchins of Aleppo had been very serviceable to him and had helped him in his Affairs when they were at the lowest ebb They were overjoyed at his Arrival at Suratte and gave out immediately that it was he that had given them Money for the building their House and Church but when I came to look over my Accompts I found that the Money that had paid for the Ground and a good share of the building came out of my Purse Father Ambrose having promised that I should be reimbursed at my Return to Paris but I never heard more of my Money nor indeed did I ever look after it Tavernier's Collect. of several Relations c. p. 37. Papists Bruno Born in Collen and Professor of Philosophy in Paris about the year of Christ 1080 being present at the Singing of the Office for his Fellow-Professor now Dead a man highly reputed for his Holy Life the Dead Corps suddainly sits up in the Bier and cries out I am in God's just Judgments eondemned These words were uttered three several days at which Bruno was so affrighted that a man held so pious was Damned began to think what would become of himself and many more Therefore concluding there was no safety for him but by forsaking the World betook himself with six of his Scholars to a hideous place for dark Woods high Hills Rocks and wild Beasts in the Province of Dauphiny near Grenoble and there built a Monastery having obtained the ground of Hugo Bishop of Grenoble the place called Carthusia whence his Monks took their Name Rosse's view of all Relig. Jews R. Hakkunas Ben Nehunia was converted by occasion of the Miracles which he saw I am Hakkunas one of them that believe and have washed my self with the Holy Waters and walk in those right ways being induced thereunto by Miracles Hortinger out of Suidas c. Elias Levita before his Death became a Christian and with thirty more Jews received Baptism but upon what occasions or inducements I cannot learn A.C. 1547. Alsted Diverse kinds of Testimonies Miraculous to Christianity Jews 1. PRomises and Prophecies and Types in Sacred Scripture 2. Satan in Possess'd Persons and Daemoniacks What have we to do with thee Jesus thou Son of God c. The Devil answering the Sons of Scevi in the Acts Acts 19. c. 3. The Jewish Nation as it is at this day dispersed through all the World and dissolved in all the most material parts of its Oeconomy without a Legal Succession of Priesthood without Genealogies without Temple without Sacrifices Holy Land Holy City Holy Altar Holy Oyl and in a word without any Government in Church or State 4. All their Attempts to regain their own Land and rebuild their own City wonderfully frustrated especially in the times of Julian the Emperor Ammian Marcell l. 23. 5. All their pretended Prophets and Saviours discovered in a most shameful manner and convicted of Imposture and Deceit especially the ignominious Delusion of Barcocab which the Jews lament to this day 6. To which may be added the Abstinence and Preaching of John Baptist and the Miracles of our Blessed Saviour As also those mentioned by Josephus relating to the Destruction of Jerusalem e.g. in the Feast of Weeks before Vespasian came against Jerusalem the Priests heard a Man walking in the Temple and saying with a wonderful Terrible Voice Come let us go away out of this Temple let us make haste away from hence c. Josephus Roman The Image of a Virgin with a Child in her Arms about the Sun seen at Rome Three Suns seen Augustus forbidding himself to be called Lord his releasing 30000 fugitive Slaves a Comet a Fountain of Oyl running all day Oracles silenced Alsted Christian 1. The Miracles done by the Apostles and Primitive Christians c. which continued in the Church for two or three hundred years after our Saviour amongst the last Recorded this is one mentioned by S. Augustine at the Aque Tibilitanae Projectus the Bishop bringing the Remains of the Martyr Stephen in a vast Multitude of People a Blind Woman desiring to be brought to the Bishop and some Flowers which she brought being laid on those Relicks and after applied to her Eyes to the wonder of all she received Sight As also when the Bodies of S. Gervasius and Protasius were dug up and Translated to Ambrose's Church at Milan not only such as were vexed with unclean Spirits were healed but also a certain noted Citizen that had been blind many years enquiring into the Reason of so much Tumult and Rejoycing among the People and being told the Cause leaped for joy
Him who hath fed us with His own and of whose Goodness we live All the Guests answer'd Blessed be He of whose Meat we have eaten and of whose goodness we live Then the Master proceeded Blessed be He and blessed be His Name c. annexing a long Prayer in which he gave thanks 1. For present Food 2. Deliverance out of Aegypt 3. Circumcision 4. The Law And Prayed 1. For the People Israel 2. The City Jerusalem 3. Sion the Tabernacle of His Glory 4. The Kingdom of David's House 5. The coming of Elias 6. That God would make them worthy of those Days and the Life of the World to come Then the Guests answer Fear the Lord all ye his Saints for there is no lack c. Afterward he blessed the Cup as before and then drunk round And lastly they sung a Hymn Their gesture was lying on Beds They sent Portions to the needy Ancient Christian The Christian-Feasts used in Primitive Times were called Agapae or Love-Feasts The manner thus 1. They prayed to God before they ventured upon His Creatures 2. Ate but what sufficed Hunger drank no more than consisted with sober and modest Men and fed so as remembring they were to rise at night to worship God 3. When they had done they sung Psalms either of their own Composure or out of the Holy Volumes 4. And as they began so they ended the Feast with Prayer 5. And then departed with the same care to preserve their Modesty and Chastity so that they appeared not so much to have Feasted at Supper as to have fed upon Discipline and Order So Tertullian Mahometan The Mahometans have a kind of Easter-Feast which they call Bayran which lasteth three days in which they enjoy all sorts of Pleasures They have also great Feasting at the Circumcision of their Males They observe divers Festivals Rosse Ancient Heathen The Romans after Sacrificing went to Feast upon the remaining part of the Beast singing the praises of their God After the Banquet they did return to the Altar and cast into the Flames the Morsels of Meat that were left with the Tongue and some Wine and then did return thanks to the God for the honour and advantage of sharing with him in the Victim This ended they concluded with Prayers D Assigny upon Galir p. 26. At their ordinary Feasts they had Libationes To retrench the Expences of their Feasts and oblige them to Frugality and Moderation there were several Laws enacted amongst the Romans called Leges Sumptuariae concerning which more may be seen in A. Gellius Macrobius c. The order and manner of their Feasts was thus 1. As to the time it was commonly at Supper 2. Water was brought to wash with Modern Heathen In Tanquin they keep I casts commonly all Day and Night their most esteem'd Meats are Colt's Flesh and Dog's Flesh most of their Dishes are relished with a kind of Birds-nest which gives them a tast of almost all sorts of Spices They conclude commonly with Comedies and Fire-works Tavernier Diabolical At the Entertainments which the Devil makes for Witches by night Glanvil mentions Wine Cake Roast-Meat Drink Dances Musick And the Devil at Meeting bids them welcome 9. Church-Discipline Excommunication Jewish Observe here 1. THE Causes of Excommunication 1. Among the old Jews were only 1. Leprosie 2. Touching the Dead 3. An Issue 2. Among the Modern Jews are added 1. Scandalizing a Master though dead 2. Reviling a publick Minister of Justice 3. Calling a Free-man a Slave 4. Not appearing at the Consistory c. 5. Undervaluing a single Precept 6. Not doing what is appointed 7. Keeping what may hurt another as a Hiring Dog broken Scales 8. Selling Land to a Gentile 9. Witnessing in a Heathen Court against a Hebrew 10. A Priest Sacrificing and not giving the rest of the Priests their due 11. Working on the Fore-noon before the Passeover 12. Pronouncing the Name of God carelesly or with an Oath or in lofty Hyperbolical Terms 13. Causing the Vulgar to profane it 14. Computing times out of otherwise than their Fore-fathers in the Holy Land 15. Causing the Vulgar to eat holy things out of holy places 16. Causing the Blind to stumble 17. Hindering the Vulgar in any Command 18. A Priest Sacrificing a torn Beast 19. Killing a Beast with a Knife not yet tried by a Rabbi c. 20. Moroseness and backwardness to learn 21. Associating with a Wife after himself hath Divorced her 22. A wise Man or Rabbi of ill Fame 23. Undeservedly Excommunicating another 24. Profaning the Festivals 2. The Kings or Degrees 1. Niddui the lowest 2. Schammatha 3. Cherem Concerning which see in the Second Book Ancient Christian Observe 1. What Crimes All publick in themselves or made known to the Church after private admonition The greatest Temptation was to Idolatry committed 1. By Exposing the Scriptures called Traditores 2. Actual Sacrificing called Thurificati 3. Purchasing a Warrant from the Magistrate to execute them called Libellatici 2. What Penalties viz. Spiritual Excommunication for 2 3 5 7 10 20 30 years sometimes for their whole Life according to the Offence Clergy-men forfeited their Ministry And tho upon repentance admitted to Communion yet but as Lay-men Abstineri 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. Anathematizari 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Anathematizari Are all Synonymous terms signifying Excommunication 3. What manner 1. Reproofs and Exhortations were used in the Assembly 2. The Censure was passed not always in a formal manner the Fact being notorious and the offender ipso facto excommunicate The Excommunicate appeared in a sordid habit with a sad Countenance a head hung down tears in their Eyes standing without at the Church-doors never suffered to enter in falling down to the Ministers as they went in and begging the Prayers of all good Christians making open Confession of their Faults This was to satisfy 1. The Church of their Repentance and for the Scandal 2. God by acknowledging the fault and beging pardon 4. The time of Penance ended they addressed themselves to the Governors of the Church for Absolution their repentance examined and found sincere they were openly readmitted by imposition of hands The party kneeling down between the Bishop's knees or the Presbyters in his Absence the Bishop laying his hands on him and blessing him The Penitent was now received with acclamations of joy sometimes weeping for his Recovery to the Lord's Supper c. The set time of Penance was remitted in case of Death Persecution many Offenders Dignity Age c. 4. The Persons Excommunicating 1. The publick Congregation the people Cyprian 2. The Elders President Tertull. 3. The Majores Natu presiding in the Church Firmilian in a letter to Cyprian 4. Only the Bishop Conc. Illiber can 32. or 5. The Presbyter or Deacon in necessity Ibid. Cypr. 6. In the Decian Persecution a publick Penitentiary Martyrs gave sometimes Libellos to mitigate the Penance Mahometan The Mahometans have none but punish by Civil Magistrates