People had its present Name given it which signifies the Merchants-Haven in 1161. here was an University erected to which by Pope Sixtus IV. the same Privileges were granted with those of the University of Bologna in Italy In 1535. it received the Reformed Religion in 1659. the Swedes besieged it in vain in 1660. it was made an Archbishops See It lies four Danish Leagues from Rotshilt to the East and four from Elsenore to the South in Long. 35. 20. Lat. 56. 28. Cophtites Coptae a seperate Church of Christians in the Kingdom of Egypt under a Patriarch of their own following the Opinions of Eutyches and Dioscorus to this day notwithstanding the repeated endeavours of the Roman See to diswade them from that belief The Patriarch takes the Title of Patriarch of Alexandria and keeps his Residence at a Monastery of S. Macarius about twenty Leagues from Cairo The Abyssinians are in part submitted to this Church They have many Monasteries in Egypt and one particularly in the house whither Joseph and the Virgin with our Saviour retired to fly the Persecution of Herod They use the Trine Immersion in Baptism Yet at Jerusalem there is an Apartment in the great Church of S. Sepulchre allotted for their use Copranitz or Caproncea Copranitza a strong Town in Sclavonia which is one of the Bulwarks of the House of Austria against the Turks It stands two Leagues from the Drave four or five from Canisa and the same distance from Waradin Corasan Bactria a Province of the Kingdom of Persia near upon the Caspian Sea which is one of the greatest in that vast Kingdom the most sertile and best for Trading This Province has also several of the greatest Cities of Persia in it as Mesched or Thus incompassed with a Wall of three hundred Towers at Musket shot distance each from other famed for the Sepulture of Iman Risa one of the twelve Saints of Persia Also Herat a famous Mart the Pass into the East-Indies is in this Province Corasmines a People of Persia descended from the ancient Parthians who fell upon Palestine in the twelfth Century by permission from the Sultan of Egypt with Fire and Sword took Jerusalem destroyed above six thousand Christians and likewise defeated the Army of the three Military Orders of Jerusalem in a Battel before Gaza which held two days successively in the year 1244. Yet this Race being driven out of Palestine by the Sultan of Egypt again came to perish miserably by the hands of the Sarazens Corax two Mountains of this Name are mentioned the one in Aetolia the other in Sarmatia by the ancient Geographers § There is a Lake so called in the Province of Mongul in Tartary Corbach Corbachium a Town in Hessen in Germany called by the Inhabitants Cuirbach six Miles from Cassel to the East and three from Waldec to the South-East in the County of Waldeck This was once a free Imperial City but in 1396. the Count Waldeck seized it and has it still in possession in Long. 30. 31. Lat. 51. 20. Corbeil Corbelium Josedum a small Town upon the Sein in the Government of the Isle of France seven Miles from Paris to the South and only observable on the account of the Bridge over the Seine except that it sustains the Title of an Earldom and that Ingeburde Wife to Philip the August King of France died here in 1236. The Huguenots attacqued this Town in vain in 1562. Corbie Corbeia a little City in Picardy upon the River Somme which was heretofore well fortified being then a Frontier Town This has a Monastery founded by Bathilda Queen to Clovis II. King of France in 660. In 1637. it was taken by the Spaniards but soon after recovered by the French it stands sour Leagues from Amiens to the East being dignified with the Title of an Earldom § There is another place in Westphalia called Corbie by the French but Corwey by the Germans See Corwey which is therefore call'd Corbeia nova and the former Vetus for distinction in Latin Writers or the one Gallica the other Saxonica Corck a County City and Haven in Mounster in Ireland The City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cashell from which it lies thirty five Miles South and about ten from Kingsale to the North. There are two other Bishopricks united to it for ever The Wall and Castle of this City are considerably strong Yet a Garrison of about 5000 Irish surrendred it to the English under the Earl of Marleborough Sept. 28. 1690. after two or three days Siege and were all made Prisoners of War Corcu Eleusia an Island near Cyprus Cordilleras a Chain of Mountains near 1000 Leagues long to the East of the Kingdom of Chili in America reaching from Peru as far as to the Streights of Magellan and having divers considerable Mines in the Bowels of them but extreamly cold upward La Tour de Cordovan a famous and celebrated Light-House in Aquitain in France at the Mouth of the Guaronne built upon a small Rock and encompassed with the Ocean which was rebuilt with great Magnificence by the present King of France in 1665. Corduba an ancient Roman Town in Andalusia in Spain upon the River Quadalquivir Baetis twenty Leagues from Sevil to the East This City being then the Capital of one of the Kingdoms of the Moors was recovered by the Spaniards from them in 1236. It is now a great walled City seated in a fruitful Plain with a delicate Stone Bridge over the River This was the Country of the two Seneca's Lucan and Averroes some of the greatest Men for Learning the World has known yet more famous for Hosius the President of the first Nicene Council as afterwards of the Council of Sardica and Bishop of Corduba The Cathedral was a Mosch built by the Moors it has 365 Columns or Pillars of Black Marble and twenty four Doors This City suffered very much by an Earthquake in the year 1589. The Bishop is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Sevil. Long. 15. 40. Lat. 38. 00. Corea a Peninsula of the Kingdom of China East of the Provinces of Xantung and Leaotung and joined Northwards by the Kingdom of Niâ—che in Tartary It is of a very fruitful Soil for Corn and Rice There are Mines of Gold and Silver discovered amongst the Mountains of it and Pearl upon the Coasts The Inhabitants use the like Customs and Religion with the Chinese The Chinese call it Chaosien the Japaneze Corea And it stands divided into eight Provinces Corene Cyrene See Cairoan Corfu Corcyra Phaeacia Drepano an Island in the Ioman Sea or Gulph of Venice upon the Coast of Epirus about one hundred and twenty Miles in Circuit and reckoned to contain ten thousand Souls who are a rich and polite people seventy Italian Miles from Cape S. Mary the most South-Eastern Point of Italy to the South-East It is under the Dominion of the States of Venice and has one City seated on the Eastern Shoar called by the same Name
and the Saal It divides into divers Portions some reaching Eastward towards Bohemia some towards Franconia to the West the Palatinate and Bavaria to the South and the Provinces of Thuringen and Voigtlandt to the North. It abounds particularly with Pine-Trees as its Name signifies in the High-German Language Eie Eifel a small Territory or District in the Dukedom of Juliers Eigues or Aigues Icarus Aigarus Eigarus a River arising amongst the Mountains of the Dauphinate in France towards the Territory of Gapansois thence passing by Nions and S. Tronquet discharging it self into the Rhone about the Borders of the Principality of Orange Eisleben Eislebia a small City in the Upper Saxony in the County of Mansfield upon a small River which falls into the Lake of Susse See one Mile East of Mansfield twenty two North-West of Dresden Luther was born here in 1483. and here died in 1546. Ekelenford Ekelenfordia a Town belonging to Denmark in the Dukedom of Sleswick It stands five Danish Miles from Flensborg to the South-East upon a Bay of the Baltick Sea called Ekrenforder hafen This Town took its Name from an old ruined Castle near it and is under the Duke of Holstein Gottorp Ekesio Ekesium a Town in the County of Smaland in Sweden four or five Leagues from the Lake Weler towards Ostrogothland Eladasagni Elbassan Dassar Daulia a City in the West of Macedonia on the Borders of Albania upon the River Spirnasse South of Scampi which River falls into the Ioman Sea between Durazzo to the North and Purgo to the South Elbassan stands sixty English Miles from Durazzo Elandia Lampia a small River in the Morea not taken notice of in the ancient or later Maps but it ariseth from a Mountain of the same Name in Arcadia Elba Aethalia Ilva the Isle of Elbe an Island in the Mediterranean Sea between Piombino in the Dukedom of Florence and the Isle of Corsica belonging to the Prince of Piombino but under the Protection of a Spanish Garrison at Porto Longone besides which the Grand Duke is possessed of a strong Town in it called Porto Ferrajo the Argoiis Portus of the Ancients but in the Maps Cosmopolis whereas indeed saith Baudrand there is no such Place as Cosmopolis in that Island It is forty Miles in Circuit inhabited by five or six Parishes and by Virgil applauded for Mines of Steel Elbe Albis is one of the greatest Rivers of Germany called by the Bohemians Labe by the Italians Albi. It ariseth in Bohemia out of the Mountain Das Risenbirge that is the Mount of Giants in the Borders of Silesia in the North-East part of that Kingdom and runs South First taking in Vpawa and Metueze above and Olitz at Conig then turning Westward from the North it takes in Czidlina a little further Gizera at Melnick Multaw which watereth Prague the Capital of Bohemia and Egers above Letomeritz where it runs Northwards into Misnia and passeth by Dresden and Meissen then entering Saxony a little above VVittenberg it entertains the Elster from the North and at Dessaw the Muldau a little further the Sala a great River from the South then it watereth Magdeburgh Borgh and Sandow and at Werben in the Dukedom of Brandenburgh takes in the Havel a great River which watereth Berlin and Brandenburgh the principal Cities of that Dukedom At Domitz it has another vast Supply out of Mecklenburgh so leaving Danneberg on the South and Thomdam on the North it entereth Holstein at Ludesborgh and runs on the South of Hamburgh to Gluckstad about twelve German Miles beneath which it falls into the German Ocean This was the fatal Boundary of the Roman Empire to which they seldom came and beyond which they could never fix Elber Libya Deserta a Part of Africa Elbeuf Elbovium Elbodum a Town in Normandy upon the Seine three or four Leagues below Rouen adorned with the Title of a Dutchy in 1581. Elbing Elbinga Aelveopolis a City of Prussia upon the Eastern Mouth of the Vistula over against Dantsick near the Lake of Drawsen ten Polish Miles from Dantsick to the East This is a very strong beautiful rich City divided into two Parts the Old and the New First built in 1239. by the Knights of the Teutonick Order In 1454. it withdrew from their Subjection and put it self under the Protection of the King of Poland In 1492. there was an University opened here by Albertus Duke of Brandenburgh the first of that House that was Duke of Prussia In 1629. it was taken by the Swedes and again in 1655. but since recovered to the Crown of Poland The first Occasion of its Trade and Wealth was the Besieging the Town of Dantsick by Stephen King of Poland which necessitated the Merchants to remove the Trade to Elbing Gustavus Adolphus designed to improve it by the same Method but the best Trade they have at present is on the Account of its being the Staple for the English Cloth This City is the Capital of the Territory of Hockerland and divers English Families have settled themselves at it Elbogen See Malmugen Elcatif Leanita a City and Province in Arabia Foelix upon the Gulph of Persia over against the Island of Babarim from which the Gulph of Persia is by the Arabians called the Sea of Elcatife Elcur Cyrrus Cyrus a River of Albania in Asia which ariseth in the Confines of Armenia Major from the Mountains of Mosch and flowing through Iberia takes in the River Iber then buries it self in the Caspian Sea Elephantina Elephantis a pleasant Island of the River Nile in Aegypt below the last of its Catarracts not very far from Aethiopia the Aegyptians and Aethiopians trading with each other here It enjoys a perpetual Spring and according to Tacitus is observable for being the utmost Boundary on that Side of the Roman Empire Elesa Elusa an Island upon the Coast of Cilicia Eleusis an ancient City of Attica betwixt Megara and the Portus Pyraeus One of the most celebrated in all Greece for the Temple and the Mysteries of the Goddess Ceres performed here together with other particular Mysteries in Honour of Proserpine and Hercules some of which it was Death to discover some they exposed yet at several times and by Parts Whence Seneca's Proverb Eleusina servat quod ostendat Admittingno Persons to the Exercise of the greater ones under a Noviciatship of five years with the Title of Mystae and then advancing them to the Degree of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with a Ceremony of Consecration The Grand Secret of these Mysteries is thus discovered by Tertullian Tota in Aditis divinitas c. Simulachrum membri virilis revelatur Thus by Theodoret Naturae muliebris imago Eleutherns the River now called Bajaria or Habes according to Cluverius Others apply it to the Admirati of the Island of Sicily See those modern Names § Also a River of Phoenicia in Syria arising from the Mountain Libanus thence passing by Ituraea and Galilaea to fall into the Tyrian Sea two Miles from
thirty Miles from the Confines of the Kingdom of Poland to the South fifty from Soczow to the East and a hundred and twenty from Caminieck to the North-East It is not improbable this is the Augusta Dacâ—â— but the later Geographers are very much mistaken in placing it in Moldavia when it belongs to Walachia The Vaivode or Prince of these Countries for the most part resides here having suffered much from the Cossacks of later times the Turks maintained a strong Garrison in it The present King of Poland in 1686. marching this way against the Turks and Tartars possessed himself of it leaving a Garrison but before his return there happened so great a Fire that when he came he was forced to withdraw his Forces and leave it to the Walachians to be repaired Jati Bathis a River on the West of Sicily which falls into the Bay or Gulph of Amar on the North side twenty five Miles South of Palermo Java a great Island in the East-Indian Sea two hundred Leagues in length and near fifty in breadth On the West it has Sumatra on the East some other small Isles on the South the vast Ocean plays full upon it and on the North it has the Island of Borneo at the distance of forty five German Miles It is divided into nine Kingdoms the greatest of which is the Kingdom of Bantam and next the Kingdom of Materan The whole Island produceth great quantities of Spice and is on that account much frequented by the English and Dutch The Dutch had heretofore the Fort or City of Batavia in this Island not contented with this about 1684. joining with a Son of the King of Bantam then in Rebellion against his Father upon pretence of assisting him they seized the City of Bantam took Possession of the English Factory and all the Goods belonging to the English and kept the old King a Prisoner in the Castle of Bantam But finding there were several Attempts to restore him to his former Possession in 1686. the young King by the Advice of the Dutch removed his Captive Father to Batavia See Batavia The principal Cities of this Island are Balambuan Bantam Batavia or Jacatra Japara Jortan Materan once the Capital of the whole Panarucan Passarvan Saraboy and Tuban The Southern parts were never yet much sought into and so not much known It lies between 130 and 140 Long and 5 and 10 of Southern Lat. § There is another Island near this called the Lesser Java Jaur Jauriu a small River in Languedoc which riseth near S. Ponthois and falls into the Orba near the Castle of Pujols Javarin Jaurinum See Gewer and Raab Jawer Jauria a City of Silesia in Bohemia small but indifferently populous and the Capital of a Dukedom and has also an ancient Castle it lies not two Miles from Lignitz to the South and about nine from Breslaw to the West The Dukedom of Jawer lies between Lusatia to the West Bohema properly so called to the South the Dukedom of Lignitz to the North and that of Swyednitz to the East Jayck Rhymnus a River of the Asian Tartary which falls into the Caspian Sea between the Rha and Jaxartes Olearius placeth it in the middle of the North end of that Sea Jaziges by Ovid styled Jaziges acres and by the Writers of the middle Ages Jaziges Metanastes were an antient People of Sarmatia Europaea who being almost entirely exterminated thence by Boleslaüs the Chast King of Poland and Lescus in the years 1264 and 1282. retired in great numbers into the Vpper Hungary Jazzo See Laiazzo Jberia an antient Name of the Kingdom of Spain in Pliny and Strabo taken from the River Iberus Ebro § Likewise of a part of Georgia in Asia now called Gagheti See Georgia Jcaria a Mountain of Attica in Greece in the antient Tribe of Aegeus Jda a Mountain of Troas in Asia Minor at the foot of which stood the famous City Troy Athenaeus says nine Rivers derived their Springs from it Therefore Horace stiles it Ida undosa And Diodorus makes it to be the highest in the Neighbourhood of the Hellespont Hence the Idaeus sinus took its Name which was otherwise called Andramyttenus sinus and now le Golfe Andramytti § A Mountain also of the Island of Candia environed with Forests and inhabited heretofore by the People Dactyli Idaei Jdanhas Igaeaita a ruined City in Portugal Jddle or Iddel a River in the County of Nottingham upon which Redford is situated emptying it self Northward into the River Dun. Idafa a Branch of Mount Imaus Jdria a Town in the County of Goritia incompassed with Hills on all sides and seated upon a River of the same name Remarkable for the Quick-Silver Mines in it See Dr. Brown's Travels p. 82 83. It stands ten Miles from Goritia to the North-West Jducal Atlas Major a vast Mountain on the South of Barbary in Africa Jdumaea Edom the Country of the Edomites mentioned frequently in Scripture was a Kingdom of the antient Canaan betwixt Judaea properly so called the Stony Arabia and the Mediterranean Sea It s principal Cities Dinhabah Avith Pai Rehoboth 1 Chron. 1. 43. c. where see the list of the Kings and Dukes of Edom before the time of the beginning of the Israelitish Monarchy David afterwards conquered and garrisoned it 2 Sam. 8. 14. But in the Reign of Jehoram King of Judah the Edomites revolted and made themselves a King 2 Chron. 21. 8. 10. and joyned with the Chaldaeans under Nebuchadonezar in the Siege of Jerusalem Hyrcanus in the Ages following made War against them so effectually that he caused them to turn Jews They were of the Descendants of Esau Jefferkin Capernaum a City in Palestine Jehan-Abad See Delly Jempterlandt Jemptia a Province in the Kingdom of Sweden which has Angerman to the East Middlepad to the South Helsing to the West and Norway to the North. It belonged to the King of Denmark till 1645 and then by the Treaty of Bromsbroo was resigned to the Swedes There are three Castles but never a City in it Jena a small City in Hassia in Germany upon the River Saal over which it has a Bridge under the Duke of Saxon Weimar two German Miles from Weimar to the East nine from Leipsick to the North-East and three from Naumburg to the South It has a small University opened here in 1555 by the Dukes of Saxony and a Monastery of the Dominicans founded in 1286. The Valley about it yields plenty of Wine Jende or Pajende Jendus a Lake in the Province of Tavasthia in Finland Jendo Jedo or Yendo the capital City of the Empire of Japan in the Island of Niphonia at which the Emperor since his leaving Meaco keeps his Court. A vast and magnificent City upon the Banks of the River Tonkaw or Toukon and near a great Gulph yielding variety of Fish The Palace Royal is a work of state the Temples and the Palaces of the Nobility attract the admiration of Strangers There is one Street
Capital of that Kingdom to the North and Malaca to the South three hundred and eighty Miles from either it has a good Harbour Ligorne Livorno Ligurnus Liburnus portus Leghorn an ancient and celebrated Sea-Port mentioned by Polybius Antoninus and Cicero It is called by the Italians Livorno by the English Legorne by the French Ligourne seated in the Territory of Pisa on the West of Italy under the Dominion of the Duke of Florence in a Plain fifteen Miles from Pisa to the South ten from the Mouth of the Arno forty from Piombino to the North and sixty from Florence to the South-West There belongs to it a large and a safe Haven very much frequented by Merchants the Great Duke to secure the Wealth and Trade of it has built three strong Forts upon it This City belonged heretofore to the States of Genoua Cosmus de Medices Duke of Florence had it from them in exchange for Serezana being then a poor despicable Village not much inhabited by reason of the unhealthfulness oâ— the Air corrupted by the Marshes near it Francis and Ferdinando two of his Successors having improved its condition by making it a Free-Port at a time when the Genouse had excessively inhansed their Imposts upon the Merchants built the three Forts and walled the Town and built in it also a Noble Palace for the Governour and for the Reception of Foreign Ambassadors with a large Arsenal or Magazin It has two Havens the greater is extreamly large safe and convenient for Ships of any Burthen the lesser called Darsi is of some use for smaller Ships See Du Val Voyage d Ital. Liguria a part of the ancient Gallia Cisalpina in Italy now contained in the States of Genoua Liiflandt See Livonia Lilers Lilerium a Town in Artois upon the River Navez seven Leagues from Arras to the North. Lille L'Isle Insula Insulae a City in Flanders called by the Inhabitants Lyssel by the English Lisle by the Italians Lida is the Capital of Flandria Gallica a great strong populous place well Traded upon the River Deuller Lewis XIV the present King of France took this from the Spaniards in 1667. It lies five Leagues from Ypre to the South six from Doway four from the Borders of Artois and five from Tournay Built by Baldwin IV. Count of Flanders in 1007. Baldwin the Pious his Son being born here favoured it very much and on that account walled it in 1066. and built in it also a magnificent Church and a delicate Monastery There is saith L. Guicciardin a good Castle in it and the Ruins of an old one called Buck where the Governours for the ancient French Kings resided which were then instituted the Forestexs of Flanders This City was taken and burnt by Philip II. King of France about 1185. Being rebuilt it was again taken and harassed by Philip IV about 1304. Since then it is much increased saith the same Author by the Industry of the Inhabitants who imploy themselves moâ—â—ly in weaving Silks so that it is raised to be the third City in the Low-Countries after Antiverp and Amslerdam and frequently called in French La petit Paris for its Beauty The French had it confirmed to them in 1668. by the Treaty of Aix la Chapelle It is the Head of a large Chattellany containing divers Villages and strongly fortified § Also a pleasant Town in the County of Venaissin in Provence five or six Leagues from Avignon and about the same from Carpentras in a fruitful Country surrounded by the River Sorgue like an Island and thence called L'isle Lille Illa a River in Aquitain in France which ariseth in the Province of Limosin and flowing through Perigord watereth Perigeux Vesima the Capital of that County and Mucidan at Coutraz it entertains the Dormia from Aubeterre then a little beneath Lisbourne falls into the Dordonne seven Miles above its conjunction with the Garonne Lillebonne or Islebonne Islebonna Juliobona a Town in the Paix de Caux in Normandy in the Diocese of Rouen giving Name to a Branch of the House of Lorrain In the year 1080. the Bishops of Normandy were assembled in a Council here in the presence of William the Conquerour King of England at which the Archbishop of Rouen presided Lillo Lilloa a strong Fort built by the Hollanders upon the Schelde two Leagues beneath Antwerp to the North one above Santvliet or Sanflit to the South and four from Bergen op Zoom At this Fort all Ships that pass up the River to Antwerp are by the Treaty of Minister to stop Lima or Ciudad de Los Reyes Lima the Capital of the Kingdom of Peru a beautiful great well traded City and the See of an Archbishop Built in 1535. by Francis Pizarro a Spaniard in the Valley of Lima called by Natives Rimac The Viceroy of Peru resides here which with other Advantages hath made it very great rich populous and beautiful though it be all built with Timber and an open unwalled Town They compute about five thousand Spaniards and forty thousand Negroes in it a great number of Ecclesiastical Buildings as Churches Convents Colleges and Hospitals and a stately Palace Royal wherein the Vice-Roy keeps his Court. It stands upon a River of the same Name one Mile from the Pacifick Ocean two from its own Harbor called Callao de Lima one hundred and twenty from Cusco the old Metropolis of this Kingdom as Jo. Laei saith It is under the King of Spain and had an University opened in 1614. Long. 296.40 Lat. 23.30 A dreadful Earthquake Octob. 30. 1687. overthrew most of the Buildings both publick and private and buried above a thousand Inhabitants in the Ruins The Ecclesiasticks of Peru have celebrated two or three Councils here Lima Lamia a River in Portugal which washeth the Town of Viana de Foiz de Lima six Leagues from Braga to the West and then falls into the Ocean Limagne Limane Limania or Alimania a small Territory in Auvergne which for the greatest part is contained in that Province It is very well watered and wonderfully fruitful being a Plain upon the River Allier extending from North to South twelve Miles near and below Clermont Limat Limmat Limagus Lindemagus a River in Switzerland which ariseth in the County of Sargans or Sarganzerlandt and runneth North through the Lake of Riva and that of Zurich after which it watereth Zurich and Baden and a little lower falls into the Aar the chief River of Switzerland Limburg a Dutchy and Town in the Low-Countries The Dutchy though one of the Seventeen Provinces is not great It lies between the Duthcy of Juliers to the East and North and the Bishoprick of Liege to the West and South It had heretofore Dukes of its own but upon the Death of Walrame the Third by Dr. Heylin called Henry in 1285. Adolph the next Heir sold it to John Duke of Brabant who pretended at the same time a Right to it as descended from Margaret Daughter of Henry Duke of Limburgh in 1172 married
be the Bormanicum of Pliny Others the ancient Alaunicum or Machaovilla There are divers Religious Houses there Manresa Manrese Minorissa a small City in Catalonia in Spain upon the River Cardoner which a little lower falls into the Lobregat ten Leagues from Barcellona to the North. Once a Bishops See Man 's Vrbs Cenomanorum Cenomanum a great rich populous City in the Duchy of Maine in France of old called Vindinum seated upon the River Sartre where it takes in the Huisne ten Leagues from Alenson to the South sixteen from â—ours to the North and the same distance from Vendosine to the North-West It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours the Capital of Le Maine and heretofore one of the most flourishing Cities of Gallia Celtica Mansfeldt an Island in Hudson's Bay in the Terra Arctica of America discovered some time since by the English Mansfeld Mansfeldensis Comitatus is a County or Earldom in the Vpper Saxony in the Landtgravate of Thuring between the Principality of Anhalt to the North the Territory of Mersburgh in Misnia to the East and Thuring properly so called to the East and West It is now sequestred in the Hands of the Elector of Saxony but was before under a Count of its own whose Family being now divided into four Branches each of them has the Right of Living Hunting and Fishing in this County with that of Patronage and two thousand Florins yearly Income the Government is in the Hands of the Electors for their security and payments The chief Town is Mansfeld which stands nine Miles from Maegdeburgh to the South and Erfurd to the North and sixteen from Gottingen to the East Mansfield a good large well built and inhabited Market Town in the County of Nottingham in the Hundred of Broxtow It stands in the Forest of Sherwood Mantale an ancient Castle in the Territory of Vienne in Dauphine remarkable upon the account of a Council called Concilium Monotalense in 879. for the Election of Boson King of Provence Arles and Burgundy Mante Medunta commonly Epitheted la Jolie a City or great Town in the Isle of France which has a Stone-Bridge over the Seyne in the very Borders of le vexin twelve Leagues beneath Paris to the West and sixteen above Roan to the South-East Philip II. King of France died here in 1223. It heretofore enjoyed the Honour of the Title of an Earldom and had a Cittadel which was destroyed by Henry IV. In 1376. Charles V. King of France Founded a Monastery of the Celestines in it besides which it is adorned with a Collegiate Church Mantonea a City in the Morea in Arcadia famous for the Death of Epaminondas the celebrated Thebean General in the year of Rome 391. It lies at the Foot of the Mountain Parthenius twenty five Miles from Megalopolis to the North and seven from Misitra to the North-West Now called Mandi or Mundi Mantoua Mantua a very ancient City in Lombardy in Italy built three hundred years before Rome It is the Capital of a Dukedom and a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja but exempt from his Jurisdiction ever since 1453. A great and a magnificent City seated within the Bosom of a Lake of the same Name made by the River Menzo which contributes very much to its strength and security In 1629. it was taken by the German Imperial Forces and miserably impoverished but soon after restored to its Duke by the Interposition of the French Court It stands forty five Miles from Modena to the North twenty from Verona to the South and forty from Cremona to the East This was the Country of Virgil the great Latin Poet who Celebrates the Fertility of its Fields in his Georg. 2. And of Tasso the Italian In the year 1064. the Election of Pope Alexander II. to the See of Rome was confirmed in a Council here against Honorius II. an Antipope set up by the Emperor Henry IV. The Dukedom of Mantoua is bounded on the East by that of Ferrara on the North by the Territories of Verona and Brescia on the West by Cremona and the Dukedom of Milan on the South by the Dukedoms of Modena and Mirandola Said to be equal together with Montisferat which belongs to this Duke to the Dukedom of Florence in extent but not in Revenue yet it is fruitful and abounds in Cattle This Dukedom fell first into the Family of Gonzaga which now possesseth it in 1328. Lewis I. of this Line then slaying Passavino the last of the Bonocelsi's in the Market-Place and assuming the Government into his own Hands as Lord of Mantoua John Francisco the Fifth of the Line was made Marquess of Mantoua by Sigismond the Emperor in 1433. Frederick II. the ninth of them was Created Duke by Charles V. in 1530. Charles III. is the eighteenth of this House and succeeded his Father Charles II. This Dukedom is thirty five Miles from North to South and fifty from East to West Manata the same with la Mancha Mar a County in the North-East part of Scotland extending in length from East to West sixty Miles partly mountainous and barren partly fruitful on the North it has Murray and Buchan on the East the German Ocean on the South Mern and Angus and on the West Athole The River Dee enricheth the South and the Done the North side of this County yet is there in it no Town of great Note Maracaibo or Marecaye a City in the Province of Venezuela in Castile d' Or in the South America upon a vast Lake of the same Name well built rich populous well traded and enjoying the Benefit of an excellent Port wherein the Spaniards build their Ships Maragnan Marahim Maranania an Island on the Coast of Brasil at the Mouth of the River Mirary which gives Name to the next Province to it This was once planted with French but in 1641. taken by the Hollanders and since retaken by the Portuguese There is in it a Town called S. Lewis with a Castle and altho but a small Place yet it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvador Long. 332. 40. Southern Lat. 02. 10. § The River Xauxa in Peru is also called El Vio Maragnon See Xauxa Marans a Town upon the River Sicur Niortoise in the pais d' Aulnis in France two Leagues from the Sea and four from Rochelle It stands in a Marsh hath a Castle and been often taken in the Wars by the Roman Catholicks and Huguenots Marasso C. Delle Cacca Haermaeum the most Western Cape in the Island of Sardinia lying Long. 32. 10. Lat. 41. 15. Marata a small Kingdom in North America placed by Sanson near the New Kingdom of Mexico and the Vermiglian Ocean Marathon Marason Marathona an ancient City of Attica in Greece famous in History for the Defeat given by Miltiades with his Army of twelve thousand Athenians to five hundred thousand Persians in the year of Rome 264. and the third of the seventy second Olympiad Marca
Name from Pole which signifies a Plain in the Sclavonian Tongue Bounded on the North by the Baltick Sea the Swedish Livonia and Russia by the last and the Desarts of Tartary on the East on the South by the Vpper Hungary Transylvania and Walachia on the West by Germany This Kingdom is of a round Figure two thousand six hundred Miles in compass The Earth plain but full of Woods which do in some degree rectifie the Coldness of the Air. They have no Wine as for Barley and Pulse they have more than they spend The People are Industrious and Learned good Souldiers proud and prodigal The Christian Faith was first settled in Poland under Miceslaus in the year 963. by one Meinardus The Reformation about 1535. crept into these Countries but never generally imbraced nor persecuted The Greek Church has some footing here too but the most general is the Roman Catholick This vast Kingdom is divided into thirty four Palatinates most of which I shall mention in their proper places The principal Cities are Belzko Braclaw Braslaw Briescie Kaliss Kaminiec Chelmo Krakow Elbing Dantzick Gnesna Kiow Lenzycze Lwow Lublin Lucko Malbork Mscislawau Minsko Novogrod Plocko Pozan Przemisl Konigsberg Sendomiers Siracz Thorn Trocko Warzawa commonly called Warsaw the Capital of Poland Wilna Witebsko and Wlodzimiers The first Duke of this Kingdom was Lechus who began his Reign in 694. His Posterity in eleven Descents continued till 800. when Priastus was the first elected Duke In the year 1000. Boleslaus Son of Mieceslaus received the Title of King from Otho III. Emperour of Germany The present King is the forty sixth Prince and the thirty second King of Poland who has had the Honour to be the Preserver of Christendom by the Relief of Vienna and many other brave Actions Though this Prince has the Name of a King and the first Dukes were in truth Kings without the Title yet at present he is nothing less being not allowed to make Peace or War to impose Taxes make Laws alienate any of his Demeans or in short to do any thing of Importance which concerns the Publick without the consent of the Diet. He does not only swear to do all this but allows their Disobedience in case he violates his Oath which makes the Subjects the Princes Judges and this Kingdom a meer Aristocracy or knot of petty Kingdoms under one Head Whence the Tartars and Muscovites have reaped great advantages and the King of Sweden once with forty thousand men reduced this Country to the last extremity which otherwise accounts two hundred thousand men a small Army to be sent into the Field by Poland Socinianism hath been a prevailing Sect here it oweth its denomination to the two Socinus's Laelius and Faustus Natives of this Kingdom who in the last Century amidst the distractions of people about Religion revived the ancient assertions of Arius Nestorius c. called Heresies under their own Names There is besides a general mixture of Roman and Greek Catholicks Jews Calvinists Lutherans Anabaptists c. Polaquie Polachia a small Province in the Kingdom of Poland between Mazovia to the West Lithuania and Polesia to the East The principal Town of which is Bielka Pole Pola a Province on the East of Moscovy towards the River Tanais between Mordua Rezania and the Kingdom of Astracan in which there is no City or Town of Note Polesie Polesia a Province of Poland in the great Dukedom of Lithuania extended from East to West between Red Russia Volhinia Mazovia and the Palatinate of Novogrod The principal Town is Brescie twenty five Miles from Lublin and thirty from Warsaw to the East This Province is extremely over-run by Woods and full of Bogs and Marshes Policastro Policastrum Polaeocastrum a City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Principate on the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea fifty five Miles from Salerno to the North-East It is now almost desolate yet a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Salerno and gives Name to a Bay formerly called Sinus Laus Polignano Polinianum Pulinianum a small City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari Polina Aous one of the principal Rivers of Albania it ariseth ten Miles above Apollonia an ancient City now called Pollina and falls into the Adriatick Sea Others call it Piergo Near this River Philip King of Macedon received a great Overthrow from the Romans on which account it is mentioned by divers Historians Polizzi Politium a great Town in Sicily built upon an Hill six Miles from Nicosia and twenty from Palermo Pollina or Periergo Apollonia a City of Macedonia now in Albania upon the Adriatick Sea Heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Durazzo but now a Metropolitan See it self Seated thirty five Miles from Durazzo to the South and inhabited by a small number of Men under the Dominion of the Turks In this place Octavianus afterwards Augustus was at his Studies when Julius Caesar his Uncle was Murthered in the Senate Long. 45. 06. Lat. 40. 19. â—oloczko or Polloczki Poloczka Polocia Polotium a City of Lithuania in the Kingdom of Poland the Head of a Palatinate which was once a Dukedom It stands upon the Dwina where it receives the Polotta having upon each River a Castle seventy five Polish Miles above Riga to the South-East and fifty five from Vilna to the North-East Taken by the Russ in 1563 retaken by Stephen King of Poland in 1579. Of later times it changed its Master again but is now under the Poles Pologne See Poland Pomeiok an Indian Town and River in Virginia upon the North Sea Pomerania a Province of Germany called by the Inhabitants Pomeren by the Poles Pomerska It lies in the Upper Circle of Saxony bounded on the North by the Baltick Sea on the East by Prussia on the South by the Marquisate of Brandenburgh and on the West by the Dukedom of Mecklenburgh Extended upon the Baltick Sea from East to West two hundred English Miles A plain and fruitful Country yielding great plenty both of Corn and Grass Butter and Cheese c. full of People of a vigorous Constitution This Country in 1295 was given by Mestovius the last of its Princes to Primislaus King of Poland who enjoyed all the Eastern part as far as Prussia and the River Weyssel or Vistula The rest continued under Princes of its own till 1637 when Bugius the last of them dying without Heirs Males this great Country by the Treaty of Munster was divided between the Swedes and the Duke of Brandenburgh All that lay on the West of the Oder and the Dukedom of Stetin being left to the Swedes together with Rugen an Island in the Baltick Sea and Dam and Golnow two Towns beyond the Oder The further or more Eastern Pomerania and Prussia was granted to the Duke of Brandenburgh There is in this vast Country under the Swedes these Cities Anclam Gripswald Stetin Stralsund and Wolgast and under the
Silks and Maroquines but the Country elsewhere is extreme Sandy hot and desert About 1660. the King of this place after many Victories conquered Morocco and Fez and kept them for some time This is supposed to have been a part of the ancient Numidia Tagaste is now a desolate Village in the Province of Constantine in the Kingdom of Algiers in Barbary which heretofore was a Bishops See and famous for giving Birth to S. Augustine Tagat a fruitful Mountain two Leagues from the City Fez to the East in the Kingdom of Fez in Barbary about two Leagues in length Covered with Pines on one side and affording Land for Tillage on the other Taicheu Taicheum a City in the Province of Chekiam in China It stands upon a Mountain and is the Capital over five other Cities Tajima a Town and Province in the North part of Niphon Taillebourg a Town in the Province of Xaintonge in France upon the River Charante at which S. Louis King of France in 1242. defeated the Malecontents of his Kingdom that were risen in Arms against him Tajo Tagus one of the most celebrated Rivers of Spain It ariseth from two Fountains in New Castile but in the Borders of Arragon at the foot of Mount Vallezillo And running North it takes in the Molina then turning South-West it passeth by Pastrana to Aronjues where it admits the Tajuna with a knot of other Rivers from Madrid and Henares turning more Westerly it salutes Toledo takes in beneath it the Gaudarrama and the Alberch visits Talavera and Puente de Archobisbo where it is covered by a Bridge beneath Almaraz it receives the Guadalupo So passing by Alcantara it entereth the Kingdom of Portugal at Perdigaon and receiving the Rio Monsul and a vast number of small Brooks in that Kingdom it forms the vast Haven of Lisbon and on the South side of that City passeth into the Atlantick Ocean having from its Fountains run one hundred and ten Spanish Leagues and being at its Mouth two Spanish Leagues broad There is no River in Spain more frequently mentioned than this especially on the account of its Golden Sand by the Poets Taiping a City of the Province of Nankim upon the River Kiang in China There is another of Quantum which is now under the King of Tumkim Taitung a strong City in the Province of Xamsi in China It is the third of Note there and drives a great Trade Tajuna Tagonius a River of New Castile which falls into the Tajo Taiyven the Capital City of the Province of Xansi in China near the River Truen Talabo or Talaro Pitanus a River in Corsica Talamone a Town and Port to the Tyrrehenian Sea in the Estate called Degli Presidii upon the Borders of the Dukedom of Tuscany in Italy Belonging to the Spaniards Talavera Ebara Libora a Town in New Castile upon the Tajo See Tajo Talâ—a a very fruitful Island in the Caspian Sea according to Pliny who calls it Tazata and other Ancients But we have no Modern Account of it Tamaga Tamaâ—a and Tambro a River of Spain which ariseth in Gallicia above Mone Roy and running South through the Province of Entre Douro è minbo falls into the Douro six Spanish Leagues above Porto to the East Tamar Tamaris a River in the East of Cornwal which divides that County from Devonshire It ariseth in Devonshire near the Irish Sea and running South watereth Bridgrule Telcoâ— Tamerten which has its name from this River Beyton Lawhitton Cal-Stock and having received amongst others the Foy at Plimouth it entereth the British Sea forming there a Noble and Capacious Haven See Cambden Tamaraca a City and Island upon the Coast of Brasil in South America under the Portuguese making one of the fourteen Governments or Provinces of Brasil Tamaro Thamarus a small River in the Principato in the Kingdom of Naples which rising from the Appennine a little above Benevento falls into the Calore Tamasso Tamassus a Town in the Island of Cyprus towards Famagosta Of great Repute for its Tin-Mines Taming Taminga a City in the Province of Pekim in China Tampan the Mouth of the Rhosne Tamul a petty Kingdom contained in Bisnagar in the Hither East-Indies Tamworth a Borough and Market Town in the Borders of Staffordshire and Warwickshire at the Confluence of the Tame and the Auker whereof one washeth that part of the Town which stands in Staffordshire and the other that in Warwickshire It hath a strong though small Castle for its defence is beautified with a large Church and in the Lower House of Parliament represented by two Burgesses Tanagra an ancient City of Boeotia now Stramulipa in Greece near the River Asopus Called Orops by Aristotle and Gephyra in Stephanus Athenaeus mentions Cetus Tanagranus as a Proverb for a vast Whale because one of a prodigious Magnitude was cast up here It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens the same with the Anatoria of some Moderns Tanais a River of Crim Tartary which divides Europe from Asia Called by the Neighbouring Nations Don by the Italians Tana It ariseth in the Province of Rezan in Moscovy eleven hundred Miles from Moscow from the Lake Iuvanouvo Lezicro which is five hundred Wrests broad and flowing with a very Oblique Course through the Countries possessed by the Precopensian or Crim Tartars not far from the Wolga falls into the Lake of Moeotis near a City called from it Tanais now ruined This City was once taken by the Russ but now in the hands of the Turks The River divides it into two parts and affords it the convenience of an Haven though now not much frequented Long. 60. 40. Lat. 48. 09. Tanaro Tanarus a Navigable River of Lombardy which ariseth in Piedmont in the Borders of the States of Genoua from the Apennine and running North-East watereth Mondovi Alba Asti and Alexandria in the Dukedom of Milan it falls into the Po at Bassignano between Casal to the North and Voghera to the South Tandaya one of the Philippine Islands Tandra an Island of the Euxine Sea at the Mouth of the Borysthenes Taneâ—axima a small Island belonging to Japan Tanes Tanitioum Ostium one of the Eastern Mouths of the Nile This gave name to Tunis now Tanes a desolate Village in Egypt at this time but formerly one of the greatest richest and strongest Cities of Egypt a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Damietta The Calyphs rebuilt it after it had been some Ages desolate but it soon returned to its former State Tangier Tingi Tingis one of the oldest Cities of Africa in the Province of Hasbat in the Kingdom of Fez. Built by Antaeus a Phoenician as the Learned Sir John Marsham proves from Procopius who mentions an ancient Pillar with this Inscription in the Phoenician Tongue We are fled from Joshua the Son of Nun a Robber whereupon he placeth the building of it in Joshua's time and saith it is undoubtedly a very ancient Phoenician Colony It stands at the Mouth of the Streights
A GEOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY Representing the Present and Antient NAMES and STATES OF ALL THE Countries Kingdoms Provinces Remarkable Cities Vniversities Ports Towns Mountains Seas Streights Fountains and Rivers of the whole WORLD THEIR Distances Longitudes and Latitudes WITH A short HISTORICAL ACCOUNT of the same and a general INDEX of the Antient and Latin Names Very necessary for the right understanding of all Antient and Modern Histories and especially of the divers Accounts of the present Transactions of EUROPE Begun by EDMUND BOHUN Esquire Continued Corrected and Enlarged with great Additions throughout and particularly with whatever in the Geographical Part of the Voluminous Morery and Le Clerk occurs observable By Mr. BERNARD Together with all the Market-Towns Corporations and Rivers in England wanting in both the former Editions LONDON Printed for Charles Brome at the Gun at the West End of S. Pauls MDCXCIII A REFLECTION upon Le Grand Dictionaire Historique c. OR THE Great Historical Dictionary OF LEWIS MORERY D. D. Printed at UTRECHT 1692. with the Supplement of J. Le Clerc D. D. in Four TOMES in Folio French AND An Account of this Edition of the following BOOK THE Great Historical Dictionary of Monsievr Morery was an unexpected Work to come from a Person who understood not any Greek or Hebrew and had but an indifferent knowledge of Latin For it will be allowed amidst such a multiplicity of Subjects to contain many very ingenious things Yet I desire not to commend him for the Invention he ascribes to the Chinese of the Province of Xamsi who boyl their Victuals he says over Pits of Subterraneous Fires proceeding from the Bowels of the Earth Which to make the Fire burn the quicker and stronger they contract at the Mouths in such a manner as only to leave room for the Caldron to stand For though the Chinese are famous over the World for their Inventions yet the Wit of this hath so little in it of the Wisdom of their Other or Common Sense that it supersedes the Civility of the least pretence to approve of it Neither yet is it possible for me to be reconciled to his Account of a Tribe of the Troglaedytes dwelling continually in the Caverns of a Mountain in the Island of Malta near to a House of Pleasure belonging to the Great Master of the Order of the Knights there A tall robust long-liv'd inhospitable people as he describes them Who speak altogether the pure Arabick Language in which they are instructed as to matters of Religion by the Maronites that come to Malta For there appears no more Probability of an Arabian Race of Christian Troglaedytes at Malta than of a Nation of Pygmies in the Neighbourhood of the Nile Therefore in a word Monsieur Morery as he hath his Excellencies so he hath his great Faults too And it seems to be none of the least remarkable of the Latter That let a thing be never so Fabulous in Pliny and Herodotus or the Histories of the old Greeks never so extravagantly reported by the Modern Books of Voyages and Discoveries or the Common Memoires of the Times yet he mixes it with his purer Geography Which hath given me continual reason to admire the Patience and Labour of his Pen but I disagree with his Fancy if he thought such Collections pleasing to Men of Sense and with his Judgment if he thought them true In his Geography of the Kingdom and Counties of England there is no body but must be offended with him upon other Accounts The principal of our Rivers next the Thames the Severn the Trent the Humber the Medway the Derwent c. None of them have their Names with Descriptions in his Work Peterborough Wells Cambridge Shrewsbury Richmond and Rippon are wholly omitted out of our Chief Towns and Cities Cambridgeshire Hertfordshire Cheshire Shropshire and Wiltshire out of our Counties And all the Description that he gives to Eleven of our Counties more with the Capital Towns thereunto belonging will be justly rehearsed in about Eleven Lines To South-hampton he says a Town and County in the South of England with a Port to the Sea To Stafford a Town and County of England towards the middle of the Kingdom To Surrey a County in the South part of England To Sussex a County in the South of England whereof Chichester is the Capital To Warwick a Town and County of England To Westmorland a County in the North of England which was a part of the Country of the ancient Brigantes To Huntingdon and Leicestershires he adds the Names of the Rivers Ouse and Stower with two or three Towns To Middlesex a small County in the East of England included in the ancient Kingdom of the East Saxons and only considerable for London its Capital To Rutland a County in the middle of England but little considerable having no more than one Town called Oakcham in it To Suffolk a Town and County in the East of England This is Monsieur Morery's way of describing a next Neighbor Kingdom and one of the most Powerful in the World Which is the least that a Geographer says of the most distant and obscure Provinces of China and Japan or the unknown Regions of the Asiatick Tartary And though he may be something larger upon London Rochester Bristol and now and then a County yet he does it with so little Care and Art so ungeographically in comparison to his Illustration of other Countries that take his Accounts of England all together with which those of Scotland Ireland and Wales are done after the like manner and they will be found the crudest and meanest and the most Contemptible part of his Volumes I need take no Notice of his Mistakes about Rutland and Suffolk which occur even in those diminitive Sketches that he gives them and are already sensible to every running Eye He is no less mistaken about the Bishoprick of Coventry and Lichfield A Bishoprick says he about the year 656. was established at Lichfield And there being another Bishoprick afterwards establish'd at Coventry these two Bishopricks in time became united in one Whereas it never from the beginning was otherwise than one and the same Bishoprick primarily established at Lichfield in 656 Next removed to Chester in 1067 or as others in 1075. From Chester removed to Coventry in 1088 and from Coventry returned to Lichfield again in 1186. Whereupon followed an Agreement under Bishop Alexander de Savensby who succeeded to the See in 1220 that the Episcopal Style should be derived from both Coventry and Lichfield yet with the Precedence to Coventry Mons Morery is no less mistaken in the ancient Seat of the Bishops of Lincoln which was Dorchester in Oxfordshire situated at the Confluence of the Thame and the Isis For he hath the fortune not only to attribute it to Dorchester in Dorsetshire upon the River Frome but to quote William of Malmsbury for the same to aggravate the matter in mistaking both his Author and the place together It is
Also a Mountain in the Confines of the Greater Armenia at the foot whereof arises the River Euphrates § A Town in Phocis in Greece which gave the Surname Abaeus to Apollo who had a Temple there Being burnt by Xerxes the Inhabitants retired into the Isle of Negropont formerly Euboea from them at that time called Abantis Abacares a People in the South of America upon the River Madera Abahius Abahuis and Abanhi different Names of the River Nile Abaimbe Abaibe Abibe Abaibae a Ridge of Mountains in Peru in the Province of Carthagene near the Gulf of Vraba Abanbo a River of Ethiopia it falls into the Nile a little above Meroë it is supposed to be Ptolomy's Astapus Abancay a River rising in the Mountains of Andes in Peru and after having washed a Town of the same Name with it self falling into the River Maragnon in the Province of Lima. Abano in Latin Aponus a Village in the Territories of Padua supposed by some to be the Birth-Place of Titus Livius antiently famous for its Baths Abantes the Inhabitants of Aba See Aba Abanwiwar a County of the Upper Hungary upon the Tibiscus the Capital of which is Caschaw it is called by the Germans Abaviwar Abara or Abaraner a City upon the River Alingeac in Armenia Major The Arch-Bishop of Nassivan frequently makes it his place of Residence Abaraus and Aboraas a Town in Guinea upon the River Volta about twenty five Leagues from the Sea Abarim a Ridge of Mountains in the Rocky Arabia of which Mount Nebo and Mount Pisgah mention'd in Scripture are parts Abarimon a Country in Scythia at the foot of the Mountain Imaus Abasses or Abcasses a People of Mount Caucasus bordering on Mengrelia well-shap'd and vigorous They cherish Customs much differing from the People of other Countries Abbefort a Town in Norwey with a good Port in the Government of Aggerhuys about 20 Leagues from Anslo and 25 or 30 from Stafanger Abbeville a City of the County of Ponthieu in Picardy upon the River Somme it is well fortified large and beautiful and lies 34 Leagues from Paris to the North. It belonged heretofore to the Abby of S. Riquer and from thence had its Name Abdera an antient City of Thrace famous among other things for the Madness of the Inhabitants Of latter days it was call'd Clazomenae then Polystile or Astrizze and at this time Asperosa Abensperg a little Town of Bavaria three German Miles from Ratisbon and one from the Danube It gave Birth and Surname to Joannes Aventinus a Learned Historian who wrote Annals of his Country from the Flood to 1460. in Ten Books Aberconwey in Latin Conovium a Town in the County of Carnarvon in Wales seated on the River Conwey and the Irish Sea Aberdeen in Latin Aberdenia and Devana a City of Scotland built upon the River Don fifty Miles distant from S. Andrews to the North-East Here is an Episcopal Chair brought thither in 1100. and an University founded in 1480. The Site thereof is of late times removed nearer the River Dee It was yielded to the English without constraint in 1651. Long. 18. 12. Lat. 57. 15. Aberfraw Gadiva a Town in the Isle of Anglesey the Royal Seat of eleven Kings of North-Wales whereof Amarawd the first began his Reign there A. C. 877. and Llewellin the last of all the Brittish Kings was slain in Battel Ann. Chr. 1282. Long. 15. 20. Lat. 53. 10. Abergavenny in Latin Gobannium a Town in the County of Monmouth in Wales It belonged to the Silures when the Romans conquered them it is fortified with a Wall and Castle and seated where the Vske and Gevenny meet It was erected into a Barony which in 1685. was possessed by George Nevil Lord Abergavenny first Baron of England Abernethy a Town on the River Tay in Strathern in Scotland anciently the Seat of the Kings of the Picts and since a Bishops Sea is now removed to S. Andrews where we shall speak further of it Abia and Abiamu a great River in Zagathay coming into the Caspian-Sea on the East side the Oxus of the Antients The former Name denoting the upper part and the latter the lower part thereof Abilene a Territory of Judaea so named from Abila the chief Town thereof the Tetrarchate of Lysanias mentioned Luke iii. 1. Abington a Corporation in Barkshire on the Thames between Oxford and Wallingford garison'd for the Parliament against Charles the First in 1644. which proved a great Inconvenience to that Prince It stands about 5 Miles South of Oxford The Right Honorable James Bertie was created Earl of this place November 30. 1682. by Charles II. Abissinia see Aethiopia Abiz Jatrus Ischar a small River of Bulgaria which falls into the Danube a little below Nicopolis Ablon a little Town with a Castle about 3 Leagues from Paris where the Protestants were for some time allow'd the Exercise of their Religion till they had a Church at Charenton Abo the Capital City of Finland under the Arch-Bishop of Vpsal upon the River Aviaroki in South Finland near the Shoars of the Baltick Sea 25 German Miles from Revel to the North-West and 31 from Stockholme to the North-East Longit. 45. Latit 63. This City was well nigh burnt to the ground in 1678. Abocharana a Town in Arabia the Happy situate on a high Mountain the Passage to which is for seven Miles so strait that not above two Men can go abrest Here the Grand Seignior keeps his Treasure Aboras or Chaborras a River in Mesopotamia sometimes call'd Giulap Aborigines were the most antient People of Latium the Seat of the first Original Romans they are mentioned by Tacitus Annal. 11. as one of the first Nations in Italy which received Letters from Evander the Arcadian They are supposed to have been the first People which entred Italy after the Flood The Word is generally used to signifie the first Inhabitants of any Country of whose Original no account can be given Aboy a Market Town in East Meath in the Kingdom of Ireland Abrener a City of Armenia the Greater See Abara Abreoios otherwise Baxos de Babueca certain Rocks near the Island of Hispaniola so called by the Spaniards because of the great danger of them their Name signifying Open your Eyes Abrolhos a litte Isle with a Ridge of Rocks near the Shore of Brasil for the same reason thus call'd by the Portuguese as those aforenam'd by the Spaniards Abruckbanya Aurariarum a Town in Transylvania Abruzzo called by the Romans Aprutium is a Province of the Kingdom of Naples it is bounded on the East with Apulia now Puglia on the West with Marca Anconitana on the North with the Adriatick Sea and on the South with the Apennine it was anciently the Seat of the Piceni and the Samnites which latter People by their Valor put the conquering Romans to the last refuge of chusing a Dictator four times and afforded them the Honor of XXX Triumphs Their last was in 481. year of Rome 270 years before our
Saviours Birth This is one of the greatest richest and best peopled parts of the Kingdom of Naples Absorus an Island and City on the Coast of Illyriam mentioned by Hyginus Abugana a Province in the Realm of Angota part of the Dominions of the Grand Negus Abuyo one of the Philippine Islands in the East-Indies between Luzonia and Mindanao in this and the rest the Spaniards have Forts and drive a great Trade with their American Territories Abutich heretofore Abydus a very eminent City of Egypt 22 Miles from Ptolemais to the North it stands upon the Nile Here was the Palace of Memnon and the Temple of Osiris so much celebrated in the ancient Poetry and Mythick History Long. 61. 20. Lat. 26. 50. Abydos a Fortress in Asia opposite to Sestos in Europe on the Hellespont both which are now called the Dardanelli made famous by the Love of Hero and Leander and by the vast Bridge here laid cross the Sea by Xerxes Abyla a Mountain in Afric answering to Calpe another Mountain in Spain on the European side of the Streight of Gibraltar they are usually call'd Hercules Pillars because they were the bounds of his Travels Westward This is now call'd by the Mariners Apes-Hill either corruptly from Abyla or as they say from the multitude of Apes there to be seen Abyso anciently Orinus is a River of Sicily which falls into the Sea between Syracusa and Pachynus or Cape Passaro the most Southern Promontory of that Island Aca Acre Acri or Acon a Sea-Port in Phenicia which was called by the Grecians and Romans Ptolemais the latter fixed here a Colony After the loss of Jerusalem in the times of the Holy War it was the Capital of that Kingdom for some time till being taken by the Moors it was intirely ruined it lies 24 Miles South of Tyrus Long. 66. 30. Lat. 33. 00. From this place the Knights of S. John of Jerusalem removed to Rhodes Acachuma the Achuma of Ptolomy a Town in Ethiopia which the Inhabitants take to have been the Residence of Maqueda Queen of Sheba Acada Sangarius a River of Bithynia Acadinus a Fountain in Sicily where they tried the verity of an Oath by writing it on a Board and throwing it into the Water where if it sunk it betoken'd it to be false Acafran otherwise Celef or Quinalaf a River of Mauritania now called Vetxilef Acamante or Acamas a Promontory on the West side of the Isle of Cyprus at this time known by the name of Crusocco or Capo di S. Epifanio Acanes two Cities of Guinea in Africa one called the Greater the other Acanes the Less Acanthus the antient Name of several Towns and Cities at this time unknown except one in Acarnania now call'd Erisso according to Sophian and another in Egypt now nam'd Bisalta Acapulco a City of New Spain in the Pacific Sea or Mar del Zur near 100 Leagues from Mexico where they usually imbark for Peru and the Philippine Islands Acarnania the antient Name of a Province of Epirus now by Niger said to be call'd Despotato parted from Aetolia by the River Achelous and Mount Pindus heretofore remarkable for the Luxury of its Inhabitants and the Excellency of the Horses there bred § A Town also there was of this Name in Sicily not far from Syracuse mention'd by Tully to have been famous for a Temple there dedicated to Jupiter which Temple was afterwards destroy'd by the Goths Acaxi a City of Japan 25 Leagues from Meaco the Capital City of that Kingdom Acaxulta a considerable Port in New Spain on the Shore of Mar del Zur about seven Leagues from S. Salvador between New Leon and S. Jago de Guatimala Accadia a Province on the North-East Coast of America part of Nova Francia seiz'd by the English and by them called Nova Scotia but return'd to the French upon the Treaty of Breda 1667. § Also a little City in the farther Principate of the Kingdom of Naples Accadie a Peninsula in New France Accara The Name of two Towns in Guinea the Greater and the Less between the River Volta and Fort S. George de Mina Accaraig or Accarig a Town in Peru near the River Parana called also the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Accaron Ekron heretofore a famous City of the Philistins now a poor Village and called by the same Name Accettura a little City in that part of Naples call'd the Basilicate Acci Guadix a City Bishoprick and Colony of Spain in the Kingdom of Granada nine Leagues from Granada East It lies at the Foot of the Mountains not far from the Head of the River Guadalentin it was taken from the Moors in 1489. The Bishop of it is under the Archbishop of Sevil. Accia a City and Bishoprick of the Island of Corsica now ruined and the Bishoprick united with that of Mariana Acdeniz the present Turkish name of the Egean Sea or Archipelago Aceldama a Field near the Valley of Tophet in Judaea to the South of Mount Sion and of the Valley of Jehoshaphat serving for a Burying-place for Strangers and Pilgrims that die at Jerusalem This Name signifying a Field of Blood was given it instead of that of The Potters Field because it was bought with the thirty Pieces of Silver which were the price of Judas his betraying our Saviour Acellaro by some call'd Abisso and Atellari the Elorus of the Antients a River in Sicily falling into the Sea near the Ruines of the old City Elorus Acerenza or Cirenza anciently known by the name of Acherontia a City of the Kingdom of Naples in the County called the Basilicate which is a part of Calabria this City lies upon the River Bradanum at the foot of the Apennine it was formerly an Archbishoprick but the City being in a declining state the See is united to that of Mateola Acerno or Acierno a little City in the Citerior Principality of the Realm of Naples 15 Miles from Salern to the East L'Acerra a City and Bishoprick of the Kingdom of Naples under the Archbishop of Naples and but 8 Miles distant from the Capital City it lies in Terra di Lavoro in the Road to Benevento Acesine a River in Sicily having its rise on the North of Mount Aetna said to be now called Cantara and Alcantara § Also the antient Name of a considerable River in Asia which falls into the Indus famous for the large Canes growing on its Banks § Another there is so nam'd in the Taurica Chersonesus or Przecop Acha Achza a River of Bavaria it flows through the Lake of Chiemeze and falls into the River Inns which last River falls into the Danube at Passaw Achacica Achachica Achiacica a Town of New Spain where there are several Mines of Silver it lies 18 Leagues North from S. Angelo Achaia is taken in a twofold signification either denoting the whole Country of Hellas or Greece still enjoying the same Appellation as well as that of Livadia by which Name also it is now call'd It contain'd the Provinces
the South of New Guiney Arnheim Arenacum one of the principal Cities of Guelderland and one of the States of Holland seated upon the Rhine which a little above it is divided into 2 Branches the Ysel to the East and the Rhine to the West it is a neat Town and has belonged to the United Provinces ever since the Year 1585. It lies 2 Leagues from Nimeghon the chief Town of Guelderland and 7 from Vtrecht Taken by the French in 1672. and deserted 2 years after the Fortifications of it being first demolished by them Arno Arnus a River of Tuscany in Italy which springeth from the Apponnine not far from the Head of Tiber and running West it obliquely passeth between Florence and Pisa From the Sea as far as Florence it is Navigable Arnon a River arising from the Mountains of Arabia which traverses all the Desart then falls into the Lake Asphaltites and divides the antient Seats of the Moabites from the Amorites God Almighty rendred the passage over it miraculously easie to the People of Israel Numb 21. 13 14. Arnsbourg the Capital City of the Island of Oesel in the Baltick Sea with a Castle under the Swedes Aroe Arren Aria an Island in the Baltick Sea under the King of Denmark dependent of the Dutchy of Sleswick Aromaia a Province of New Andaluzia in America near the mouth of the River Orenoque Arona a Town and Castle in the Milaneze in Italy upon a Lake belonging to the Family of the Borromeos The famous S. Charles Cardinal Borromeo Archbishop of Milan was born here Octob. 2. 1538. Arool a Town in Muscovy 40 Leagues from Moscow Arosen Arosia a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal in Sweden It is the Capital of the Province of Westimania with a Fortress upon the Lake Meler Here Gustavus I. deseated Christiern II. about the year 1521. And in 1540. the States here assembled declared the Crown of Sweden Hereditary Arow Aarow a frank Town in the Canton of Bern in Switzerland upon the River Aar from whence it takes its name The Protestant Cantons are used to hold their Dyets here Arpaia Caudium a City heretofore now a Village in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples Near to it there is a very narrow defile for two Persons to pass betwixt two Mountains called Stretto d'Arpaio and formerly Furcae Caudinae where the Samnites having obliged the Roman Army under T. Vetrurius and Sp. Posthumius Consuls to render themselves upon discretion put them to the disgrace of passing under a Traverse of Pikes with Hands tyed disarmed and bare headed Arpaion an antient Barony in the Province of Rovergue in France erected into a Dutchy in 1651. Arpentras A City heretofore upon the Lake Lemane in Switzerland now a Village they call Vidy built out of the Ruins thereof Great numbers of antient Medals are found here Arpino Arpinum a Town and Castle in the Terra di lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples Caius Marius Seven times Consul was born here Cicero is Sirnamed Arpinas from hence it being but 3 Miles from the place of his Nativity Arques a Town in the Dutchy of Bar in France near the Meuse supposed to be the Birth-place of Joane of Arc the Maid of Orleans famous in the Reign of Charles VII Arques Arca a Village in Normandy in the païs de Caux upon the River Arques 2 Miles South from Diepe This place was made illustrious by a great Victory Henry IV. obtain'd there in the Year 1589. Arra a Barony in the County of Tipperary in Mâ—nster in Ireland Arracan Arracaon Arrachamum a considerable Kingdom and a City upon the River Martaban beyond the Ganges in the East Indees Arragon Aragonia a very large and indeed one of the three principal Kingdoms in Spain bounded on the North by Navarre and France from which last it is divided by the Pyrenees on the East it hath Catalonia on the West New and Old Castile and on the South it hath the Kingdom of Valentia This Kingdom was united to Castile in the Year 1479. Arran a Barony made up of four Islands upon the Coast of the County of Dungal in the Province of Vlsier And made an Earldom in 1661. in favor of Richard the Second Son of James Duke of Ormond These Islands lie in the Western Ocean Arran Arania Glotta an Island on the West of Scotland in Dunbritain Frith near Argile which was anciently an Earldom Arras Atrebatum Nemetocerna called by the Dutch Atrecht a great Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Rheims the Head City of the Earldom of Artois and stands upon the River Scarpe which flows also by Douay It is considerably well sortified and has a strong Castle it came into the hands of the French in 1640 and when the Spaniards 1654 attempted by force to retake it their Army was defeated the 25th of August of that Year since which time the French have peaceably enjoyed it This was one of the greatest Actions of Cardinal Mazarine and won him much Honor in France It is 15 Leagues from Tournay and 5 from Doway Arren See Aroe Arroux Arosius a River of Burgundy in France it rises by Amay le Duc passes by Autun and joyns the Loyre by Bourbon-Lancy Arsa Arsia a River of Istria which divides Italy from Illyrium It falls into the Adriatique near Pola Arsinoe a City of Cilicia in Asia Minor betwixt Antioch and Seleucia Arsinoe in Aegypt See Suez Arsinoe between Berenice and Ptolemais in Africa is a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyrene some say now called Trochara The Artients give us three more of this name in the Island of Cyprus whereof we have no farther account Arta or Larta a City of Epirus in Greece upon the River Acheron 15 Miles from the Sea and a days Journey from Ambracia Adorned with a Metropolitan See and a noble Church Artois Artesia bounded on the North with the Country of Flanders on the West and South with Picardy and on the East in part by Flanders in part by Hanalt and Cambray It lies in length from North to South 26 Leagues It was once the East part of Flanders but became a separate Earldom in 1198. and continued so till 1382. when it returned to the Earls of Flanders but at the Pyrenaean Treaty in 1659. and that of Nimeguen in 1678. it was intirely yielded to the French This was the Country of the antient Atrebates The Capital City of it is Arras Aru a City and Kingdom in the Isle of Sumatra in the East-Indies § Also an Island of Asia between the Moluccaes and New Guiney Arva called by the Germans Orova a Town in the Upper Hungary near the Confines of Poland towards the Carpathian Mountains upon the River Vag Vagus six Miles from Bistricz North which Town gives Name to a County Arva a rapid River of Savoy It springs out of the high Mountains of Fossigni and passing by Bonne Ville falls into the Rhosne at the
have heard saith M. Baudrand from the Archbishop of Durazzo Bendarmasin a City and Kingdom in the Southern part of the Island of Borneo in the East-Indies about 3 Degrees from the Line on the West Bene a small Town in Piedmont sometime bearing the Title of an Earldom The Spaniards besieg'd it in 1553. unsuccesfully its Fortifications have been ruined since Benevento Beneventum a City of the Principatus Vlterior in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Archbishops See belonging to the Pope upon the River Sabato where it takes in the River Tamora built by Diomedes together with Arpi a City of Apulia and called the Colony of Concordia by Frontinus It lies 28 Miles from Capua to the East and 32 from Naples to the North-East This was the Country of those two antient Grammarians the Orbilii Victor III. and Gregorius VIII Popes were born here Not far from it Manfred King of Sicily was slain in the Year 1266. by Charles Duke of Anjou This City was granted to Leo IX by Henry IV. in exchange for Bamberg in the Year 1053. when he came into Italy to be Crowned It was one of the 18 Colonies which continued faithful to the Romans against Hannibal ruined afterwards by Totila and rebuilt by the Lombards who made it a Dukedom The Saracens became after this Masters of it from whom Lewis II. Emperor took it in the Year 866 and granted it to Aldegisus in the 871. Now annexed to the Papacy A dreadful Earthquake which happened in June 1688. did almost totally ruin it scarce 600 of the Inhabitants out of as many thousand and upward being left alive amongst whom Cardinal Vrsini their Archbishop was taken out of the Ruins of his own Palace The Dukedom of Benevento was once a considerable part of the South of Italy in the times of the Lombards and Charles the Great instituted by Autharius King of the Lombards and ended in the Year 851. when the Saracens conquered it In 866. it was reconquered by the Germans in 1053. it was granted to the Pope but much restrained as to its Bounds yet then it took in the greatest part of the Principatus Vlterior Since which the Spaniards have restrained it so that it extends not above 3 or 4 Miles from the Walls of the City Benfeild once a Wall'd Town or City of Alsatia but dismantled by the Treaty of Munster under the Dominion of the Bishop of Strasburg from which it lies about 3 German Miles towards the South upon the River Ill about 2 Miles from Rhinaw towards the North-West Bengale a Kingdom in the East Indies on the River Ganges under the Dominion of the great Mogul for many past Ages but which had before Kings of its own It is a very fruitful Country and extends 220 Leagues from East to West and 120 from North to South Bounded on the East by India extra Gangem on the South by the Bay of Bengale on the West and North by the Territories of the Mogul The City of Bengale lies in the bottom of the Bay in the most North-Eastern Angle of it upon the River Cosmite It is great and drives a vast Trade with the European Nations as generally Authors say that have written of Bengala yet some modern Accounts will tell us there is no Town or City of this Name there Benges a River which riseth in the Lower Austria and entring the Lower Hungary falls into the River Rab. Benguola a Country of the Lower Aethiopia and a Town there with a good Port to the Sea of Congo which the Hollanders have been Masters of for some time This Country lies in the Kingdom of Angola Benibessera a large Country in Libya in Africa upon the Borders of the Kingdom of Tremissen Beni-Gebara a Mountain in the Province of Cuzt in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa so well inhabited that it is able to produce 7000 fighting Men and so fruitful that they may endure a Siege of 10 Years without the fear of a Famine The Avenues of it are very difficult Thence the Inhabitants preserve their Liberty inviolate paying a Tribute to the King of Fez. Beni-Guazeval a Mountain containing above 120 Villages together with a good large Town in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa in the Province of Errif yet at the very top opens and casts forth Flames of Sulphur Benin a Kingdom of Guiney in Africa with a Town of the name upon the River Behin It is the best Town belonging to the Negroes The said River discharges it self soon after into the Gulph of S. Thomas Ben-Oriegan a Mountain in the Province of Errif in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa towards the Coast of the Mediterranean 3 Leagues in length in breadth about half that curiously enriched with Vines Olives and the odoriferous Cedars Beni-Suaid a Town upon the Banks of Nile in Aegypt 2 Leagues from Cairo It stands in a large Plain which abounds with Line and Hemp. Beni-Tendi a ruined Town in the Province of Habat in the Kingdom of Fez upon the River Erguile The Rests of stately Edifices â—ombs and Fountains do incur here the Eye of the Spectator Beni-Usa or Bervira a fruitful and well Inhabited Mountain in the Province of Errif in the Kingdom of Fez near the Mountain of Gualida The Inhabitants of these 2 Mountains are almost continually at War Beni-Yasga a Mountain in the Province of Cuzt in Africa in the Kingdom of Fez inhabited by a Rich and Martial People There is an abundance of Vines and Olives and Cattle and Corn upon it The River Cebu or Suba glides near it Benthem a Town and Castle of Westphalia which stands upon the River Vidrus near Oldenzael and is the Head of a small County in the West part of Westphalia called in the German Tongue das Grathrtchaft von Benthem lies between the Bishoprick of Munster to the East Over-Yssel and the Territory of Tuvent to the West and upon the North and South it is inclosed by the River Vechta The Castle or Town of Benthem lies 2 Miles from Oldenzael a Town in the South-East Angle of the Province of Over-Yssel ten from Deventer to the East Bentivolio Pons Poledranus a Castle in the Dominions of the Church in the Territory of Bononia from which City it lies 10 Miles towards the North in the Road to Ferrara heretofore a Noble Pile but now half ruined this gave name to the Family of the Bentivolio's who for many Years Principatum Bononiae tenuere were Princes of Bononia And of later times this Family has afforded some excellent Persons Bera a City of the Kingdom of Granada commonly called Vera. Beraun a small Town in Bohemia upon the River Mies 3 German Miles from Prague towards the West called by the Germans Bern in Latin Berauna and Verona Berbero Arbis a River of Persia in the Province of Send Sinda which borders East upon India propria and West upon Macran Berckel Velicer the same with the River Aa in Westphalia Berdoa a desart Country in
is situated near the River Alan and was heretofore the Seat of a Bishop Bodrogh a City of the Upper Hungary on the River Danube which was heretofore the Capital of an Earldom This place lies 7 German Miles South of Segedin 16 East of Buda and about 4 Miles North of Esseck it is now in the hands of the Emperor by the Conquest of Buda and Segedin in 1686. Bodrog a River of the Upper Hungary which riseth in the Carpathian Hills and falls into the Tibiscus at Tokay Boeotja an antient Province of Greece now called Stramulipa Plutarch and Pausanias and Epaminondas were Natives thereof the famous Helicon and Aganippe stand in it the Rivers Asopus and Cephisus watered it and in all the former Wars of Greece this Province bore a considerable Share See Stramulipa Bogazin the Streight between Constantinople and Asia antiently called Bosphorus Thracicus Bogdiana the same with Moldavia Bohemia a great Kingdom in Germany belonging to the House of Austria which though it is almost encompassed by the German Territories yet is properly no part of Germany It has a distinct and different Language and been a separate Kingdom ever since the year 1086. Bounded on the North and West by the Dukedom of Saxony on the East by Hungary and on the South by Bavaria and Austria containing almost 40 Towns and Cities in it that they call Royal whereof Prague is the Capital This Kingdom maintained great Wars with the Caroline Race of Kings till about the year 894. Borzivoius Duke of Moravia becoming Prince also of Bohemia procured their imbracing the Christian Faith universally When in the year 1196. Petrus Capuanus one of the Cardinals of Rome would have brought in Celibacy amongst their Clergy he met with great opposition and ran the hazard of being slain by the Bohemian Priests They received the Waldenses who fled hither about the year 1230. John Hus's and Jerom of Prague about the year 1414. had great success in their Preaching and George Podiâ—bach King of Bohemia became his Convert In 1454. there was another Accession of the Waldenses insomuch that in 1467. there was 200 Churches of this Persuasion in Bohemia and Moravia In the year 1536 they imbraced Luther's Reformation 1564 they obtained from Maximilian that Liberty which Ferdinand I. had deny'd them which lasted but one Year In 1575. they obtained their Liberty again which was confirm'd in the Year 1611. by Rodolphus II. Matthias the next Emperor not maintaining these Grants they chose Frederick Elector Palatine King of Bohemia and Crown'd him at Prague in 1619. This caused a War with the House of Austria The Elector being ejected by force of Arms in the Year 1620 for 30 Years following Germany became an Acheldama a Field of Blood and the Reformation was ruined by an Edict made in 1630. And the House of Austria in Germany was in almost equal danger Albertus Duke of Austria obtained this Crown by Election in the Year 1437. And in the Year 1526 Ferdinand Arch-Duke of Austria was freely elected after the former Branch had been discontinu'd since which time there has been no Interruption but that unfortunate one made by Frederick Elector Palatine so that it is become by the Strength of the House of Austria and the Weakness of the Bohemians an Hereditary Kingdom to the House of Austria The King of Bohemia is the first secular Elector of the Emperor of Germany though it be no part of the Empire Boiana a River that divides Dalmatia from Macedonia this River is commonly call'ed il Drino and in its proper place I shall speak more of it Boiano a Colony and City of the Samnites in the County of Molise upon the River Biferno which falls into the Adriatick Sea It stands at the foot of the Apennine in the borders of Campania 18 Miles from Trivento towards the North and 22 from Capua towards the East and though it is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Benevento yet it is little and ill built and ill inhabited Boii an ancient People 1. of Gallia Celtiqua possessing the Provinces now called Auvergne and Bourbonnois in France 2. of Bavaria in Germany otherwise mentioned by the Names of Bojares and Bavari See Bavari 3 Of Gallia Cispadana in Italy where are now the Dutchies of Modena and Parma See Gallia Boisâ—clle or Enrichemont Boscabellum a Town in the Dukedom of Berry in France with a Castle and the Title of a Principality betwixt Bourges and Sancerre Bois-de-Trahison or Bois-de-Gamelon a Forrest upon the Banks of the Seine betwixt Paris and Pontoise in France One Gamelon in the time of Charles the Great using to ambuscade Men here has left his Name to the Place Boisy a Seigniory in the Country of Chablais in Savoy near the Lake of Geneva Bolena Bolina Bolaenae an ancient City of the Morea mention'd by Pausanias and Stephanus near to Patras and the River Glaueus and sometime an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Patras Bolene a Town in the County of Venaisin in Provence in France upon the Ascent of a little Hill with the River Letz gliding at its foot It shews the ruines of a Castle Boleslaw Boleslavia a small City in Bohemia upon the River Gizera which falls into the River Albus This City stands eight Miles from Prague towards the North-East There is another call'd Irung-Bunczel which stands within two Miles of Prague where the Gizera falls into Albus which last was built in 935. They are distinguished from each other by the Names of the Old and the Younger Boleslaw Bollerbrun a Lake near the Village of Altembeck in the Province of Westphalia in Germany having a remarkable strong Flux and Reflux daily Bolli Paphlagonia a Province of the â—esser Asia Bologna in Italy See Bononia Bologne à la mèr the Icius Portus of Cesar Gessoriacus Portus and Gessoriacum a City of Picardy a Province of France it is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rhemes and stands upon the River Liana Lenart which there falling into the British Sea on the South of this City makes a convenient Hâ—ven This City is distant from Calis about seven Leagues to the South and five from Estaples to the North. It gives name to a small County which from it is called le Bonlenois The Town is divided into two parts the Upper and the Lower both which are well fortified This place seems to have been the usual place of passing into Britain during the Roman Empire and both Claudius and Caligula came to it on that account And Pliny saith it was the shortest and most convenient Passage It began to be called Bononia about the time of Constantine the Great who took it in his Passage to his Father then dying at York Henry the VII of England in 1487. reduc'd this City to a very low condition when he entred France for the Protection of the Dutchy of Britain but then Charles the VIII of France bought his Peace and preserv'd it His Son Henry the VIII took
it afterwards in 1544. and kept it all his Life Edward the VI. in the Disorders of his Minority sold or surrendred it to the French again for a much less sum of Money than it cost the Crown of England to gain it The Bishop's See was translated hither from Tournay when the English took that City It lies in Longitude 22. 42. Latitude 50. 30. § Also a small Town in the Province of Gascoigne near the River Gers upon the borders of Bigorre Le Boulenois or the County belonging to Bologne lies in the North part of the Province of Picardy bounded on the West by the British Sea on the North by the County of Guisnes on the East by Artois and on the South by the County of Ponthieu from which last it is separated by the River Canche This County was once an Earldom of it self during which time it gave one King to England and another to Jerusalem Godfrey III. was the latter and King Stephen of England the other it continued so till Bertrand de la Tour the last Earl of it in 1477. sold it to Lewis XI of France who with mighty Ceremony did homage to the Virgin Mary and made her some Promises which his Successors never thought of keeping as may be seen in Dr. Heyli's Cosmography The Bolognese a Territory adjacent to the City of Bologna in Italy generally epitheted la Grassa from its Fruitfulness Dove si legano le vigne con salsâ—ccie where the Vines are tied up with Sausages says the Proverb Bolsena Volsinium a City of S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy which was the seat of a Bishop untill the Translation thereof to Orvieto It gives Name to the Lake Bolsena in which the Island of Matana stands where the Queen Amalazonte was put to death by the ungrateful Theodatus Bolsover a Market-Town in Derbyshire in the Hundred of Scarsdale The Duke of Newcastle has a Seat here Bolswert or Boleswart a Town in West-Friâ—sland in the Earldom of Holland about 3 Leagues from Leeu Warden Bolton a Market-Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Salford with the Title of a Duke of late to the Lord Marquess of Winchester Bolzano a small Town in the Vicentine in Italy under the Republick of Venice upon the River Adige Others place it in the Trentine and say it is a very Trading Place Bombon a Province of Peru in the West-Indies towards the River Xauxa Bommel Bommelia an Island beautified with a fair Town in the Dutchy of Guelderland The Town stands upon the River Maes two German Miles from Boislâ—duc towards Vtrecht and belongs properly as a Fee to the Dutchy of Brabant in the Confines of which it is but it is under the Vnited Provinces In 1672 it was taken by the French and deserted the next year after they had dismantled it The Island in which it stands is about thirteen Miles in length and lies between the Wael to the North and the Maes to the South call'd by the Dutch Bommelweert Some take it for the Insula Batavorum of Cesar Bon Bonna Ara Vbiorum and Verona Bonne is one of the principal Cities of the Bisho rick of Cologne and the usual Seat of that Elector upon the Rhine four German Miles from Cologne It was first a Roman Colony called Colonia Julia Bonna and frequently mention'd in the ancient Historians on that Account In the middle Ages it became a Free Imperial City Frederick of Austria was here elected and Crowned in 1314. against Lewis of Bavaria In 942. here was a Synod held In 1588. the Duke of Parma took it by Famine In 1673. the Prince of Orange took it from the French who had surprised it the year before and restored it to the Empire it has for a long time been exempted from the Empire and possessed by the Electors of Cologne Accordingly the Cardinal of Furstemburg in pursuance of his Election to the Archbishoprick of Cologne Jul. 19. 1688. took possession of it whose Pretences on the one side being justified by the King of France and on the other being opposed both by the Emperor and the Pope produc'd the general War that now flames among the European Princes And though Bonne in this Conjuncture was strongly inforced for its Security with a French Garrison yet after about a Months Siege by the Elector of Brandenburg with the Forces of the Allies under his Command it was obliged to surrender to them Octob. 12. 1689. This Town lies in Long. 28. 40. Lat. 50. 42. § Bonne Hippo a City of the Province of Constantine in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa upon the Mediterranean famous for it's being an Episcopal See heretofore in the Person of the Great S. Austin Hippo was quite destroy'd by the Caliphr in 651. This of Bonne was built near its Ruines and call'd by the Arabians Beled-el-Vgneb by the Christians Bonne as being the best and fruitfulest Country in Barbary The K. of Tunis built it a Castle in the year 1500. Charles V. Emperor destroy'd all its Fortifications in 1535. The Turks have since repaired it and it is provided with a little Port. § Also a Town in the Province of Fossigni in the Dukedom of Savoy upon the Rivulet of Menoy or Monole 3 or 4 Leagues from Geneva supposed to be the ancient Banta Bonaire one of the Leeward Islands of America which has its name from the Goodness of the Air. Taken from the Dutch by the Buccaniers in 1686. in 12 d. of Lat. Bonconvento a small Town in the Province of Tuscano in Italy upon the River Ombrone near Siena It was here that the Emperor Henry VII was poysoned in 1313. Boncourt a Village upon the River Eure in the Diocese of Eureux in the Province of Normandy in France Strangely consumed by an unaccountable Wild-fire in the 4 years preceding 1670. Boni a Town upon the Loire between Nevers and Orleans the ancient residence of the Knights of S. Lazarus an Order now abolished in France and incorporated with that of S. Maurice in Savoy Bonifacio a City in the Island of Corsica which has a Port belonging to it Thought to be the Palla of Ptolemy It is well built and traded and secured by one of the best Fortresses in Europe The Streights betwixt the Islands of Corsica and Sardinia receive the Name of le Bocche di Bonifacio from hence which Geographers conclude to be the same with the Fretum Taphros of Pliny the Fretum Etruscum of Ptolemy and the Sinus Sardonius of Eustatius They are sometimes also called le bocche di Beixonnere Bonneval a Town in the Province of Beauce upon the Loyre in France 6 Leagues from Chartres and 3 from Chasteau dun Boâ—h its Name and Rise is come from a great Abbey of the Benedictines here Bonneville Bonopolis the Capital Town of the Province of Fossigni in Savoy about 5 Leagues from Annecy and Geneva upon the River Arve at the Foot of the Mountains and at present but little considerable Bononia in Italian
Brunsberg § Brandenburg Island or the Island of Vulcan Insula Vulcani so called because it sometimes burns and vomits Fire like Aetna is an Island in the Indian Ocean towards the Eastern Coast of New-Guiney Brandon a Market-Town in the County of Suffolk upon the lesser Ouse 5 Miles West of Thetford and ten North of Bury Charles Gorard Earl of Macclesfield in Cheshire was created Viscount of this Place July 23. 1679. by Charles II. Brantosme Brantosma an Abbey and Town in the County of Perigord in France upon the River Droune which there receives the Colle Supposed to be founded by Charles M. Braskow Brascovia a City and Bishops See in the Province of VValachia in the Kingdom of Hungary towards the Frontiers of Moldavia and Transilvania Brasil Brasilia is a vast Country of the Southern America bounded on the East with the Atlantick Ocean on the West with some undiscovered Countries lying between it and the Andes on the North with Guiana and on the South with Paraguay It reaches from 29. to 39 Deg. of Southern Latitude and it is 500 Miles in Breadth under the Dominion of the Portugueses ever since the Year 1503. though the Spaniards claim it Brassaw a Town in the Province of Lithuania in the Kingdom of Poland with a good Castle It stands below the River Wilna towards the Frontiers of Curland and Livonia It is the Capital of a Palatinate Brassaw the same with Cronstat Brava a City upon the Coast of Ajan in Africa well built and fortified Govern'd by the Laws of 12 Xeques or Princes in the Nature of a Republick being the only Government of that sort in this Quarter of the World The Xeques are elected out of the Descendents of the 9 Brothers who fled hither out of Arabia Felix from the Persecution of the King of Lacah Bray sur Seine a small Town in the Province of Champagne in France betwixt Nogent and Montereau fant-Yonne remark'd with the Title of a Dukedom § Bray sur Somme a Town in Picardy in France betwixt Perone and Amiens Bought of the Chatelain of Ponthieu by Philip the August in 1210. Brayne a Town in Champagne in France upon the River Vesle betwixt Soisons and Fisines Some pretend it is the Bibrax of Cesar Brazza Labraza or Baac Brattia is an Island of the Adriatick Sea upon the Coast of Dalmatia under the Venetians It is near the Island of Lesina and takes its Name from a Town that stands in it Brechin a City in the County of Angus in Scotland adorn'd with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Andrews About 5 or 6 Leagues from the Ocean In Latin called Brechinium § Also a Town and Fortress in the Kingdom of Bohemia in Germany upon the River Laucntz near Tabor Brecknock Brechinia is one of the twelve Shires in the Principality of Wales On the East it is bounded with Herefordshire on the South with Monmouth and Glamorganshire on the West with Caermarthenshire and on the North with Radnorshire The chief Town is Brecknock seated upon the North side of the Vsk where the River Honthy or Hodney from the North and two other small Brooks from the South augment its Streams It stands twelve Miles West of Abergevenny and elects one Member of Parliament This County is thick set with high Mountains but fruitful Valleys lie between them Bernard Newmarch who conquered this small Shire built at Brecknock a Castle which the Bohuns afterwards repaired The most Loyal and Noble James Butler Duke of Ormond was created Earl of Brecknock July 20. 1660. by Charles II. Breda Breda a City in the United Provinces in the Dukedom of Brabant upon the River Merca Merck under the Prince of Orange A little but a strong Place and the Capital of a small Barony taken from the Hollanders by the Marquess of Spinola in 1625. after a Siege of 10 Months taken from the Spaniards in 1637. and though it has been twice besieged by them yet they never could retake it At this place K. Charles II. continued some time in 1660. and receiv'd the welcome News of his Restitution And in 1667. after a bloody War of three Years continuance here was a Peace concluded between the English and Dutch It lies eight Leagues from Antwerp to the North. Brederode a Castle near Harlem in Holland giving its Name to an antient Family Bregentz a Town in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany upon a River so named It sustains the Title of an Earldom Brefort Bredefort or Bredervoerde a Town in the County of Zutphen in Guelderland in a marshy Place strengthned with a Castle near a Canal which joyns the Issel two Leagues from Grol and Aanholt The Prince of Orange took it by Storm in 1597. Brema a City and Kingdom beyond the Ganges in the East-Indies towards the States of Pegu. It is a rich Country and makes a puissant Prince who resides either at Brema or Carpa Brembo a River in the Bergamasco in Italy giving Name to the Valley of Brembo It springs about the Frontiers of the Valtoline and embraces the Adda a little below Bergamo Bremefurde a Town in the Dutchy of Bremen in the lower Circle of Saxony The ordinary Residence of the Governor of that Dutchy under the King of Sweden Bremen Brema is a very potent City in the lower Circle of Saxony in Germany made more renowned by an Archbishops See instead of Hamburg It stands upon the River Wiser Visurgis a Free Town and under no Prince with a small Territory about it call'd Stift van Bremen Tho the Swedes have many Pretences upon this Place on the Account of the Dukedom of Bremen yet they still maintain their Freedom The Archbishops have embraced the Augustane Confession ever since 1585. This City was declar'd an Imperial Free City by Ferdinando III. Anno 1646. It stands 12 German Miles from Hamburg to the South-West In Long. 40. 17. and Lat. 53. 25. First Wall'd in 1309. The Archbishop never had any Sovereignty here This Town was besieged by the Swedes in 1666. forty six Days and at last rescu'd by the Interposition of the German Princes The Dukedom of Bremen which belonged heretofore to the Archbishop was in 1648. yielded to the Swedes It has the River Albis or the Elb to the North the Weser to the South the Dukedom of Lunenburg to the East and on the West the Dukedom of Oldenburg Bremgarten Bremocartum a Bailywick in Switzerland belonging to eight of the antient Cantons Bullinger the Apocalyptick Minister was born here Brene or Breine-Aleu a small Town in Brabant in the Low-Countries with a Castle 2 or 3 Leagues from Brussels Brene-le-Comte a little Town in Hainault near Mons. Brene sur le Vesle See Brayne § Also a District within the Province of Touraine in France in the Diocese of Bourges Gregory of Tours was accused in a Council here in 581. or 83. for saying that Queen Fredegonde had secret commerce with the Archbishop of Bourdeaux but he was acquitted Brenta
composing in conjunction with Tangier a Bishoprick under the Arch-Bishop of Lisbonne Ceylan see Zeilan Chablais a small Province of Savoy North of the Lake of Geneva with the Province of Velay to the the East Fousigny to the South and Genevois to the West being part of the Country of the ancient Andates or Nandates and the Veragrii mention'd by Caesar The Romans call'd it Provincia Equestris and Caballica from their breeding up of Horses in it whence Chablais comes to be formed by a Corruption The famous St. Francis de Sales taking great pains to reduce the Calvinists here to their old Religion again carries therefore the Name of the Apostle of Chablais Chabli a Town in the Tract of Senonnois in France towards Auxerre and Tonnere made remarkable in 841. by a bloody Battle fought at Fontenay near it betwixt the Children of Lewis the Debonnaire Now for good Wine Chabria or Cilabro Chiabrius a River of Macedonia falling into the Thermaicus Sinus or the Gulph of Salonichi betwixt Cassandria and Salonichi Chaeronea is a City of Boeotia upon the River Cephissus on the Eastern side of Mount Helicon North-West of Athens memorable for the Ruine of the Grecian Liberty in the Defeat of the Athenian Forces by Philip of Macedonia A. M. 3612. and also for the Birth of Plutarch Now not inhabited but the Ruines are known by the former name Chagford a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Wonford Chagra a River between the South and North of America upon which the Merchandises bound for Panama and Peru do pass The Mouth of it on the North Sea being guarded by a Spanish Fort. It is thought a communication might easily be made between the two Seas by the means of this especially with other Rivers that fall into the Pacifick A Town of the same Name with it stands upon its Banks In 1670. the English Bucaniers went up it in their Canoes to plunder Panama Chaibar a River in Arabia which ariseth twenty five German Miles West of Jamama the Capital of Arabia and passing by Chaibar and Tajef falls into Eda According to some judgments this is the Chobar of the Prophet Ezekiel Chalcedon a City of the Lesser Asia in Bithynia which was a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Constantinople and of great Antiquity much celebrated in ancient History but now reduced to the meanness of a poor Village call'd by the Turks Calcitinâ— it stands on the Mouth of the Propontis over against Constantinople Some believe that Scutaret is grown out of the Ruines of this City This City is particularly remarkable on the account of the fourth General Council here celebrated in 451. In which it had the honour to be advanced to the Title of a Metropolitan Church According to Strabo and Eusebius this City was built in the sixty ninth year of Rome that is 685. before Christ Longitude 56. 15. Lat. 43. 15. Chalcis the ancient Name of the Island and Town of Negropont § Also a Town in Aetolia in Greece with another in Syria occurring in the Writings of the Ancients but now unknown Chaldaea and Chaldei See Curdistan Chalons sur Marne Civitas Catalaunorum a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Rheimes in the middle of Champagne upon the River Marne seven Miles from Rheimes to the South-East and twelve from Troyes to the North-West It is well fortified and built standing in a large Plain in which Attila lost 200000. men in a Battle with Aetius the General of the Romans Meroveus King of France and Theodorick in the year 451. The Bishops are Earls and Peers of France Chalons sur Sone Cabillonum Cabillo Aeduorum a City and Bishoprick upon the Sone in Burgundy in France 15 Leagues from Dijon to the South and the same distance from Thoulon to the West The Bishoprick is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Lyons There are numbers of Inscriptions Vessels Statues and the Reliques of ancient publick Buildings to be seen here In 1562. the Huguenots made themselves Masters of it It has been new fortified since gives the Title of an Earl and is the Capital of a little Territory called Chalonnois or la Bresse Chalonnois Chalus or Chaslus Castrum Lucis a Town in the Province of Limosin in France towards the Borders of Perigord betwixt S. Hirier and Limoges Richard I. King of England dyed of the Wound of an Arrow that he received at the Siege of the Castle of this place then belonging to Widomare Viscount of Limoges in 1199. The occasion of which Siege see in Daniel's Life of Richard I. Chamb Chambum a small Town and Territory in the Vpper Palatinate upon the River Regen seven Miles East of Regenspurgh something more than five Miles North of Straubing This Town with the Territory annexed makes an Earldom which belonged heretofore to the Count Palatine of the Rhine but by the Treaty of Westphalia was given to the Duke of Bavaria who to this day enjoys it Chambery Civaro Chamberiacum the Capital City of the Dukedom of Savoy and the Seat of the Parliament of that Dukedom It stands upon the River Laise in a Plain ten Miles from Grenoble to the North-East well built and beautified and defended with a good Castle Chambray see Cambray Chamen Vrbs Chamavorum a City of Westphalia Champagne Campagnia a great rich fruitful populous Province in France bounded by Lorain to the East the Low-Countries to the North Picardy la Brie and the Isle of France to the West and Burgundy to the South The Earl of this County being an Earl Palatine was always one of the twelve ancient Peers of France It is watered or bounded by six of the greater Rivers of France viz. the Seine the Aulde the Marne the Vere the Meuse and the Vannes The Principal Cities are Chaumont Rheimes c. Amongst which there are four Episcopal and two Archiepiscopal See Champ Arrein a small Town near Bourdeaux where Charles the Great defeated the Goths Chanad a City of Hungary See Gyngisch Changcheu two populous and Large Cities in China with Territories of the same name belonging to them having Jurisdiction the one in the Province of Fokien near the Sea oveâ— Nine the other in the Province of Nanking over Four Cities The first is watered by the River Chanâ—s the latter by the Kiang and adorned with divers triumphant Arches Changte two great Cities and Territories adjacent in China having under their Resort the one in the Province of Honan six the second in the Province of Huquang three Cities This last excels the fertility of the other Changâ—a a great City and Territory having Jurisdiction over ten Cities in the Province of Huquang in China watered with divers Rivers and Lakes The Mountain call'd Jumo yielding great quanties of Isinglass stands here Chanry or Chanonry a fine Town and Port on the Eastern Shoar of Scotland in the County of Ross on the North of Murray Fyrth Chantilly a beautiful and ancient Seat belonging to the Prince of Conde eight
the South thirty six from Lion to the North. It is a great and well built City and has an old Castle and a small Territory belonging to it Long. 26. 02. Lat. 46. 50. Aurelian the Emperor walled it The Children of Hugh Capet who made this the Capital of the Kingdom of Burgundy much enlarged and beautified it Under the Dukes of Burgundy it had Counts And Lewis XI who got the possession of it after the Death of the Duke of Burgundy by the means of the then Prince of Orange built the Castle to keep the Inhabitants in Subjection The Reformed Religion in 1562. beginning to spread here was extinguished by an Edict those that imbraced it being disarmed and some of them banished Near this City S. Bernard was born There was a French Council held here in 1075. And another in 1199. under Pope Innocent III. at the Instance of Canutus King of Denmark in the behalf of his Sister Isemburge Wife of Philip the August King of France who had divorced her and remarried Whereupon the whole Kingdom was interdicted by the Pope's Legate in this Council and continued so seven Months till King Philip vacated the said Divorce and received the Lady for his Wife again By a Stone with an old Roman Inscription here found it appears that this City was in those times called Dibione The Mayor of it is honoured with the Title of a Viscount Dilinghen Dilinga a City in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany upon the Danube in the Diocese of Auspurgh seven Miles East of Vlm and the same Distance North-West from Auspurgh An University here was founded by Cardinal Otto Trucio Bishop of Auspurgh under Pope Julius III. in 1549. This City and the County belonging to it were united for ever to the Bishoprick of Auspurg by Hermanus the last Count Bishop of this Diocese who died about the Year 1260. The Jesuits of Dilinghen gave great Provocations to the Swedish War in Germany by perswading Ferdinand II. that the Protestants of his times were not the same with those of 1530. tolerated by Charles V. and therefore the Emperor who was then victorious was not obliged to keep the Peace with them By which Insinuation in 1629. they put that Prince on those Actions which brought on a War that had like to have ended in the Ruin of the House of Austria the German Liberty the Empire and the Roman Catholick Religion there Dillemburgh a Town and County in the Circle of the Rhine in VVesterwalt The Town stands on the River Dilla five German Miles from Marpurgh to the West and eleven from Francfort upon a Hill and has a strong Castle in which the Counts reside The County is called by the Germans Das Graffschaft von Dillemburgh bounded on the East by Hassia on the North by Westphalia on the West by the Rhine and on the South by Solmis This is under the Dominion of its own Prince who is of the Family of Nassau There is in it besides Dillemburgh a Town called Herborn which is an University Dimel Dimola Dilla a River of Germany which divides Hassia from VVestphalia and falls into the Weser at Helmerstrusen seven Miles East of Paderborn Dimitrado See Demetriade Dimotuc Didymotyches a City of Thrace upon the River Hebrus which almost surrounds it about seven Miles from Adrianople to the South Formerly a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Adrianople but now an Archbishop's Bajazet one of the Turkish Emperors was born here who resign'd the Empire and retired hither again Dinant Dinantium a Town in the Bishoprick of Leige upon the River Maes over which it hath a Stone-Bridge that has been ruined often but now repaired ten German Miles from Brussels to the North-East Taken by the French in the Reign of Henry II. in 1554. and almost ruined and its Cittadel demolished But all very well rebuilt again and its Cittadel is now standing upon a steep Rock There is another Town of the same Name in the Dutchy of Britain in France upon the River Rance five Miles South of S. Malo which was heretofore a strong Place and gave the Title of Earl to the younger Sons of the Dukes of Brittany Dingle Dinglae a small Town and a convenient Port in the County of Kerry in the Province of Mounster in the South-West Part of Ireland which stands upon a large Bay of the same Name seventy English Miles West of Cork § There is a Marsh in the County of Suffolk of the same Name which signifies salt Water washes as Mr. Camden seems to intimate Dingolving or Dingelfing Dingolvinga a small Town in the Dukedom of Bavaria where there was a Council held in 772. Dinkesipiel Dinchespila a small Imperial City in the Borders of Franconia upon the River Warnaw twelve Miles from Vlm to the North-East and ten from Nuremberg to the South-West It belongs to the Circle of Schwaben and has been often taken by the Swedes and French in the Wars of Germany Dionysia a figurative Name of the Island Naxia in the Archipelago given it by the Ancients in Allusion to Dionysius or Bacchus upon the Account of its abounding with excellent Wines Dionysiopolis divers antient Cities occur under this Name One in Bulgaria see Varna One upon the River Indus in Asia in the Country where stood the Pillars called Dionysii Columnae This the Ancients report to have been built by Dionysius or Bacchus being the same with the Nagara Nysse or Nerus of the modern Geographers One in Phrygia mentioned by Pliny And another in Africa by Stephanus Dioscoros Dioscori or Dioscoride an Island of Magna Graecia in the Calabrian Ocean over against Capo delle Colonne at a few Leagues distance § Another of Africa See Zocotera Diospolis an ancient City in the Thebais in the Kingdom of Aegypt surnamed Hecatompylos from its having an hundred Gates or rather so many Princely Palaces in it when the Kings of Aegypt called Diospolites after its Name made this place their Residence and Capital of their Kingdom § Also an ancient City of the Holy Land which was made a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem Called otherwise Lydda Rama and S. George and remarked in Ecclesiastical History for a Council assembled at it in 415. against Pelagius wherein he was acquitted of the Accusations of his Adversaries Dirgh a Lake in the County of Dungal in the Province of Vlster in Ireland out of which the River Leffye springs In an Island thereof you see the Cave the People call S. Patrick's Purgatory near the Ruines of a Monastery that was dedicated to S. Patrick The Noise of some subterraneous Winds or Waters heard by the People hath occasioned this conceited Name amongst them Disne See Aisne Disse a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk upon the River Wavenay The Capital of its Hundred Ditmarsen See Dietmarsh Diu Diou or Dive a small Island with a Fort upon it in the Mouth of the River Indus belonging to the Portuguese It has also a small but very strong
by Beira on the West and South it has the Ocean and on the East the rest of Portugal The principal City is Lisbon the Capital of the Kingdom and as for this Province it is divided into six Counties which they call Comarcaes § There was anciently another Province called La Estremadura de Castilla because it was Extrema Durii for on the North it was bounded by the Durius or Douero a great River of Spain on the West it was separated from the Kingdom of Leon by the Rivers Heban and Rigamon from thence it extended by the Rivers Guadarrama which washeth Madrid and Somosierra to the Fountains of the River Douero so that it was one hundred Spanish Leagues in compass and Segovia was the Capital of this Province but as Ximines saith after it was united to Castile it lost the Name which in after times was given to others Etsch Athesis a River of Italy called by the Italians Adige by the Germans Etch. It springeth out of Mount Brenna one of the highest of the Alpine Mountains in Tirol and passing through a Territory of Etschlender which takes its Name from it it leaves Meran and Bolsano considerable Towns on the East turning South it takes in the Rivers Eisock which falls by Brixen Neves and Lavisium then watereth the famous City of Trent beneath which it admits Perzene and so goes on to Verona which it divides in its passage and passing Legnano Rovigo and Anguilara it falls into the Adriatick Sea by Porto di Fossone in later Maps called Porto di l'Adige eighteen Miles South of Venice and three North of the Mouth of the Po. Etna Aetna a Mountain in the East of Sicily which perpetually belcheth out Fire and Smoak called by the Italians il Mongibello by the French Le Mont Gibel by the Arabians Gibel that is the Mountain It is the greatest as well as the most known Mountain in all Sicily in the Diocese of Catanea nine Miles high and fifty in compass and at the opening or Mouth of it at the top twenty four furlongs wide The South side is planted with Vines the North overgrown with Woods on the East from the Top of it to Catanea it is all cultivated and employed to one use or another At some times it rageth more than at others particularly in 1169. 1329. when it had not flamed of many years before 1408. 1444. 1447. 1536. 1554. 1566. 1579. At which last time it damaged Catanea and its Fields more than usual But the greatest Rage was in 1669 when it sent out four Rivers of melted Earth Stones and Rocks which from the top descended down its sides through the Fields into the Sea and there maintained their Torrent a Mile in the Waters before they were able to tame these raving and furious Sons of Vulcan Not only the City of Catanea apprehended a sudden and inevitable Ruine but Men thought the whole Island of Sicily would have been destroyed and that by degrees the Fire would have melted the whole Rock upon which the Island is founded however it destroyed fifteen Castles or great Houses and did an inestimable Mischief Yet the top of this Mountain is often covered with Snow and Ice and the two most contrary things in Nature seem here to unite of which Claudian Lib. I. de Rapt Proserp Sed quamvis nimio fervens exuberat aestu Scit nivibus servare fidem pariterque favillis Eu Augum Augae La Ville d'Eu a considerable Town on the Coast of Normandy upon the River Bresle near the Confines of Picardy six Miles North of Dieppe and about a League from the Sea Here of old were the Essui a People of Gaul It is honoured now with the Title of an Earldom and with an ancient Abbey and a College of the Jesuites Eubaea See Negropont Eucarpia an ancient Town of Phrygia in Asia Minor famed for Grapes in bigness exceeding those of Canaan Evenlode a small River of Oxfordshire Evershot a Market Town in Dorsetshire in â—â—l lerford Hundred Evesham or Evesholm a Market Town in Wercestershire in the Hundred of Bâ—akenhuâ—st with a Bridge over the Avon It is esteemed next to Worcester the best in the County contains two or three Parishes and drives a good Trade and has the honour of chusing two Burgesses for the Parliament Euganei an ancient People of the Alpes betwixt the Lake of Coma and the River Etsch whereof the Sarunetes were a branch and the most considerable dwelling about Chiavenne and the Valtolme Eugubio See Gubio Euphrates though I have discoursed shortly of this River already in the word Aferat yet because I then wanted some Books that were necessary to give a full account of it I will here enlarge upon what I there omitted The first City of Note it washeth is Baberd the second Ezrum so far as it runs West then it turns South and passeth by Arzingan and Maaraz where it takes in Cobaqueb and over against Vrpha it receives a River which comes from Aleppo so passing Bi r Rasseca Belis Chabuca as far as Alchabar it takes in from the East Soaid and a little lower at Waset and Olim falls into the Tigris thus our latest Maps describe the Course of this vast River The Learned Bochartus saith out of Pliny Lib. 5. Cap. 26. that eighty three Miles beneath Zeugma at Massicen the Euphrates is divided and on the left hand the East it goes into Mesopotamia by Selucia a little beneath which it entereth the Tigris Ptolomy Lib. 5. Cap. 18. agrees with Pliny in this then he mentions another Branch by the Name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Kings River or Cut which by the Arabians is called Amelic and by Ammianus Naar-Malcha which he interprets too the King's River Lib. 24. which Abidenus saith was digged by the Order of Nabuchodonozor Pliny tells us the reason of this Cut was to prevent the Drowning of Babylon in great Floods More to the South was a third Branch which went into the Tigris and Sur upon which the great Babylon stood by the confession of Ptolomy though in his Maps it is placed on the second There was a fourth Branch went to the West called Kulpa now Cufa about the Name of which they are not agreed but the use of it was to fill a vast Lake on the West of Babylon Now as to these Branches the Arabian Geographers agree in these Divisions as still extant And yet that Branch which went through Babylon Theodoret saith was very small and perhaps now intirely lost The first and second of the Eastern Branches are represented in our later Maps and the Western Branch at Cufa which appear all like Rivers running into the Euphrates when as indeed they are Branches going out of it The first is that which the Maps call Zab Major the second has no Name but it ought to pass streight to Bagdet and that which is now the main Stream seems to have forced its way in a new Channel after the other was lost and
of Thessalonica from the West thirteen German Miles from Thessalonica to the South Farima a City of Japan eighteen Spanish Leagues from Meaco to the West which is under the King of Japan now but had heretofore a Prince of its own Faringdon a Market-Town in Berkshire The Capital of its Hundred Farne an Island on the Coast of Northumberland in the German Ocean two Miles from Bamburg Castle where S. Cuthbert built him an Hermitage in which he took care to see nothing but Heaven as Bede saith Farneto a Castle in the Dukedom of Florence in Italy near Orvietto Whence the Family of the Farnese with a little Variation is believed to derive their Name Farnham a Market-Town in the County of Surrey The Capital of its Hundred Watered by the River Wey and graced with the Episcopal Seat of the Bishop's of VVinchester King Alfred made a great Slaughter of the Danes in a Victory over them here Faro Pharus a City of Spain in Algarva upon the Ocean between Cape S. Vincent to the West and the Mouth of the Guadiana to the East near the Cape of S. Mary seven Miles from Silves to the South-East Faro di Messina Fretum Mamertinum the Streight between Sicily and Italy Farsa Pharsalus a City of Thessalia where the fate of the Empire of the World was determined between Cesar and Pompey by Battel In some later Maps called Farsato Farsi Persia Farso a Town in Carmania over against the Eastern Cape of Cyprus 7 German Miles from the Mediterranean Sea in Asia the Less Fartach See Fertach Fasso Phasis a River in Mengrelia Fatigar a Kingdom in Africa which belonged formerly to the King of Ethiopia between the great Lake of Arpen to the East the Mountains of Felles to the North the Kingdom of Olabi to the West and that of Bara to the South between 60. and 70. and 10 North Latitude Favagnana Aegathos Aegusa Aethusa an Island on the West of Sicily near Cape Trepano under the King of Spain which has a Bay fit to receive the greatest Navies near to which Luctatius Catulus the Consul gave the Carthaginians their last blow at Sea Faudoas a Town and Castle in the Province of Gascoigne in France adorned with the Title of a Barony and giving its name to an honorable Family Fayal one of the Azores in the Atlantick Ocean under the Portuguese little but fruitful having a Town of the same name with others in it Feldkirck Feldkirkia a small but well peopled Town in the Province of Tirol in Germany upon the River Ill towards the Frontiers of Switzerland It is also written Widkirch and carries the honor to be an Earldom Felin or Welin Felinum a City of Livonia upon the River Felin in Esthonia 150 Miles North of Riga which has a strong Castle in it In this place William of Furstemburgh Master of the Teutonick Order was betrayed by his own Subjects to the King of Sweden in 1650. who has ever since possessed it Fella Carnicum Julium a Castle in Friuli but on the Confines of Carniola under the Venetians Felles a Ridge of Mountains in Africa extending from the North-East to the South-West on the North of Egypt See Fatigar Fello Phellos a City of Lycia East of the River Xanthus or Lycus and West of the Chelidonii Scopuli on the Shoars of Asia the Less Feltri Feltria a City in the Marchia Tarvisina under the Commonwealth of Venice upon the River Asona which soon after falls into the Piave forty two Italian Miles from Trent to the East This is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja and has been under the Venetians ever since 1404. Sometime written Feltre Femeren Femerae Fimeria a small Island in the Baltick Sea on the Shoars of Holstein and Wagria from which it is distant only four Miles made famous by a Naval Victory obtained by the Danes over the Swedes and Hollanders in 1645. Fenesia Psillis a River of Bithynia in the Lesser Asia Ferden Verda a City of the Lower Saxony called also Verden which is the Capital of a Duchy of the same name and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mentz by the institution of Charles the Great It stands upon the River Aller six Miles from Bremen to the East and twelve from Hamburgh to the South of old a Free Imperial City afterwards subject to its own Bishop but in the Treaty of Westphalia it was given to the Swedes who are still possessed of it the Bishop of this City imbraced the Augustane Confession in 1568. The Dukes of Lunenburgh seized it in 1676. but were forced to restore it in 1679. to the Swedes La Fere Fara a strong City upon the River Oyze in Picardy in the Tract of Tierache five Miles from S. Quintin to the South and 4 from Laon to the North it stands in a Morass and was retaken by Hen. IV. after the Spaniards had gained it from the French La Fere Champenoise a City of Champaigne in France between the Seyne to the South and the Marne to the North eight Miles from Chalons to the South § There is another called La Fere en Tardenois in this Province too in the middle between Melun to the West and Reimes to the East Ferentino or Fiorentino Ferentinum a City of Campagnia in Italy under the Pope which is a Bishops See under none but him It lies forty Italian Miles from Rome to the South and eight from the Confines of the Kingdom of Naples to the North a small place built on an Hill Ferento Ferentiae an antient City ruined of Hetruria in Italy near Viterbo and Montefiascone It had been an Episcopal See before those of Viterbo destroyed it upon an account of Heresie in 1074. Ferenzuola or Fierenzuola an Episcopal City in the Capitanata in the Kingdom of Naples Adorned with a famous Abbey and made remarkable in antient History by the Victory of Sylla over M. Carbo here in the year of Rome 672. Fermanagh Fermanagensis Comitatus a County of Vlster in Ireland in which lies Earne the greatest Lake in that Kingdom There is never a City or Town of note in this County and therefore it need be no further considered Fermo See Firmiana Fernes Fernae a City in the County of Wexford in Ireland with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Cashel now but formerly of Dublin Feroe Islands See Foeroe Ferrandina a Town in the Kingdom of Naples in the Basilicate upon the River Basiento 18 Miles from the Sea to the West and 12 from Matera to the South-West built by Ferdinando Duke of Calabria Son of Alphonsus II. King of Naples and since honored with the Title of a Dukedom Ferrara Ferraria a City of Italy under the Dominion of the Pope and the Capital of the Dukedom of Ferrara which under the Family of Este was so improved and augmented that it became one of the best Cities of all Italy made a Bishops See by Pope Vitaliano 30 Miles from Bologna It was so small
History of this Kingdom which in the Reign of Charles IX was reckoned to contain above twenty Millions of people It has in it excluding the Conquered Countries ten Seats of Parliament fourteen Universities sixteen Archbishopricks besides Avignon and Besanzon one hundred and five Bishopricks and fifty thousand Parishes La Baye Francoise a Name given by the French to a Gulph of Guinea in Africa and to another in their New France in the North America § New France see Canada The Isâ—e of France Insula Franciae One of the first Provinces the French possessed themselves of in Gaul now bounded on the East with Champagne on the North with Normandy and Picardy on the West and on the South with la Beausse and Orleance A Country not great when compared with the other Provinces but yet it has given Name to all the rest which is not unusual It is generally so fruitful and delightful that the Hills are here better than the Valleys in most places of Europe The Vale of Montmorency in which Parts stands has scarce its equal in all the World This was anciently a part of Belgica Secunda The principal City of this Province is Paris and there are in it nine other very considerable Franché Comte Burgundiae Comitatus called by the French Le Comte de Bourgogne and sometime the Franche Comte by the Italians La Franc Comtea by the Germans Das Over Burgund that is the Higher Burgundy is now a Province of France and a part of the Eastern Burgundy taken more largely Bounded on the East by Switzerland and the Diocese of Basil on the North by Lorrain and part of Campagne on the West by the Dukedom of Bourgogne or Burgundy and on the South by La Bresse and Beugey The Capital of it is Dole and after it came into the hands of the Spaniards Besanson The Country where it is Mountainous affords excellent Wines and as to the rest is full of pleasant and fruitful Valleys with great plenty of fresh Streams and delightful Rivolets This Country by Rodolph the last King of Burgundy was given to Conrade II. Emperour of Germany and ever after esteemed a part of the Empire In 1101. it was given to Otho of Flanders Son to a Sister of the Emperour Conrade and by the Family of Burgundy came together with the other Territories belonging to that Family to the Crown of Spain in which House it continued till in 1674. the present King of France got the Possession of it which was confirmed by the Treaty of Nimmeguen Franci the ancient Franks for whom see Gallia France and Franconia The same is the common appellation of all European Christians among the Turks Franckendal Franchendalia Francodalia a new and well fortified City of Germany in the Lower Palatinate not above one Mile from the Rhine and four from Heidelberg to the West Taken by the Spaniards but restored again in 1652. by the Treaty of Westphalia It was built by Frederick III. Elector Palatine in 1571. and stands four Miles from Spire to the North. Surrendred to the French in November 1688. and by them in 1689. quitted and burnt Franckenlandt See Franconia Franckford Franckfort Franckfurt Francofurtum Trajectum Francorum a great and fine City of Germany It stands in the Weteraw towards the Northern Borders of Franconia upon the Mayn or Mein Moenus over which it has a Bridge five Miles from the Rhine and Mentz to the East often called for distinction Francofurtum ad Moenum and more anciently Helenopolis as appears by an ancient Inscription till the French gave it this Name from Francus a Son of Marcomirus a King of the Franks that rebuilt it In very ancient times it was an Imperial and Free City appointed for the Election of the Emperors Arnulphus was the first Emperour elected here in 887. The Mayn which passeth through it is a great and a Navigable River taking in many other noble Rivers till it self falls into the Rhine which makes this City a fit Centre of Trade for many parts of Germany and their two great Marts every year contribute very much to the same This City was called thus before the Reign of Charles the Great upon the account of the Passage the Franks had here over the Mayn though it was a City long before under another Name But the Suburb was called Saxen-hausen the Dwelling of the Saxons The Bridge is a splendid and a noble Work supported by many Arches This City was also the Seat of the Eastern Franks or Austrasia In the Suburbs or Saxen-hausen is S. Bartholomew's Church built by Pepin King of France They obtained the removal of the Mart from Mentz where it was at first hither of Frederick II. The greatest part of the Citizens are Lutherans though Roman Catholicks and Calvinists are tolerated There was a great Council held here of three hundred Bishops under Charles the Great in 797. in which the Religious Worship of Images and the second Nicene Council being misunderstood to ascribe the same Adoration to the Images as to the Prototypes were condemned and since that several others Franckfort upon the Oder Francofurtum ad Oderam is another German City in the middle Marquisate of Brandenburg upon the River Oder called so because it pays no Tolls It is thought by some to have been built by Simon the second Son of Clodomir Nephew of Simon the First Duke of the Francks under Antoninus Pius the Emperour by others to have been built in 1253. by Gedinus ab Herzberg by the Order of John I. Marquess of Brandenburg This City is famous for an University settled here by Joachim I. Marquess of Brandenburg in 1506. which Maximilian I. Emperour of Germany illustrated with many Privileges It hath also two Marts every year as well as the other It stands upon the Borders of Silesia and Lusatia four German Miles from the Confines of Great Poland to the West ten from Berlin heretofore an Imperial Free City but now exempt and under the Duke of Brandenburg Franco-castro Stratonica a Town in Macedonia at the foot of Mount Athos on the North Shoar of the Bay of Singo in the Archipelago which is also called il Golfo de Fasso and de Monte Santo by the Latins Singiticus Sinus Franco-chorium Sordisci that part of Hungary which lies between the Save the Danube and Zeguntum where Sclavonia now is Francolin Tulcis a small River of Catalonia which falls into the Iberian Sea near Tarragona Franconia by the Germans das Francken and Franckeudland is a large Province in Germany which in the Writers of the middle Age is called Francia Orientalis though it be but a small part of it This is now the first Circle in the Empire upon the River Mayn between Misnia and Thuringia to the North Nortgow or the Vpper Palatinate to the East Bavaria the Circle of Schwaben the Bishopricks of Wurtsburg Bamberg and Aichstad to the South and Mentz to the West Wurtsburg is the Capital City of this Circle the other Cities
and possessed themselves of Bavaria Upon which the Insubres and Cenomani yielded in 431. and became subject to the Romans The Provincia Romana was conquered in part by Fulvius Flaccus in 627. The Remainder in 631. by Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus and the three other Provinces by Julius Caesar between 694. and 697. fifty three years before the Birth of our Saviour A part of these Galls under Brennus about 474. made their way through Greece and settled in Gallo-Graecia or Galacia in the Lesser Asia though it is much more probable this Expedition was immediately after the taking of Rome But now to give an exact Account of all the several People contained under this Name their Laws Rites Customs Governments and Bounds would too much exceed the Limits set me in this Work Gallipoli Callipolis a City of Thrace upon the Bosphorus called by the Turks Geliboli which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Heraclea and the Seat of the Turkish Admiral or Captain Bassa of his Gallies It is great populous well traded and has an Haven a Castle and a good Magazine well furnished This Town stands on the West side of the Hellespont not over against Lampasco but a little more North neither walled nor well built within the Houses being all of Earth and Timber and low the Streets narrow sometimes covered with Boards to keep off the Heat of the Sun yet said to be six Miles in Compass and to have four or five thousand Christian Inhabitants amongst others There is little to be seen in it of its ancient Splendor and Elegance It stands upon a Peninsula having upon the North and South two Bays for Gallies and Boats of which the Southern seems best for Ships This City is one hundred and ten Miles South of Constantinople and five from the Shoars of Asia Long. 54. 30. Lat. 42. 16. § Gallipoli Gallipolis Anxa a City of the Kingdom of Naples in the Terra di Otranto built on a Rock upon the Western Shoar in the Bay of Taranto thirty six Miles from that City and in an Island which is only joined to the Continent by a Bridge supported by huge massy Stones Small but well fortified and populous with a good Haven a strong Castle and good Walls it is a Bishops See but his Diocese is bounded by the Walls of the City and he is under the Archbishop of Taranto Long. 42. 12. Lat. 39. 58. Galloway Novantae Gallovidia Galdia is a large County in the South of Scotland over against Munster in Ireland from which it is separated by a Channel of only fifteen Scotch Miles in breadth Bounded on the West with the Sea on the South with Solway Fyrth which separates it from Cumberland on the East with Nithesdale and on the North with Carrick and Kile it takes its name from the Welsh who for a long time maintained this County against the Scots and Picts calling themselves Gaels and in the Writers of the middle Ages it is accordingly called Gael-Wallia the Country is every where swelled into Hills better for Pasture than Corn but well supplied with Fish both from the Sea and Fresh-water-Lakes of which there are many at the foot of the Hills The principal River is the Dee called Dea by Ptolomy The principal Town is Withern Candida Casa which is a Bishops See and one of the first erected in this Kingdom by Nina a Britain the Apostle of the Nation of the Picts Upon the Coast of this County there is a narrow Isthmus call'd the Mule of Galloway it is the same with the Novantum Chersonesus of the Antients and lies in 55 d. 10 m. of North Lat. The most Southern point of all Scotland The Galloper Sand is a Shallow ten Leagues from the Mouth of the Thames to the East upon which the brave Ship the Prince was unfortunately run a-ground and lost June 4. 1666. Sir George Ayscue the Commander being taken by the Dutch who were then engaged with the English Fleet and carried Prisoner into Holland Gallway Duaca Gallica is a County in the West of Ireland in the Province of Conaught bounded on the North by the County of Mayo on the East by the River Shannon which parts it from Roscommon and Kings County on the South with Clare and on the West with the Ocean a Country fruitful both as to Corn and Pasture Here is the Lake of Corbes twenty Miles long and three or four broad § The principal City is Gallway Galliva called by the Irish Gallive the Capital City of the County of Gallway and the third in the whole Kingdom of Ireland situate near the fall of the Lake of Corbes a neat strong Place built almost round and walled with Stones it has a Bishop's See and a delicate and safe Harbor called the Bay of Gallway capable of a vast Fleet and secured on the West by five Islands The fertility of the County in which it stands affording plenty of Goods for Exportation the Inhabitants of this City in Mr. Cambden's time had made great Improvements by their Navigation and much enriched themselves This City being so remote from England and very strong at first in the Rebellion against King Charles I. stood a kind of Neuter and would neither admit the Irish nor the English but when they saw the Irish were Masters of the greatest part of the Kingdom it joined with them in their Rebellion The Pope's Legate made this a kind of Seat of his Government till about the year 48. he was besieged here by the Irish who began then to favour the Royal Interest which he opposed to the utmost and at last despairing of all Relief he submitted and left the Island Not long after this was one of the first Places that paid its Obedience and Respect to the Earl of Ormond the King's Deputy But it was too late for in 1651. Ireton having taken Limerick after a long Siege this Town being immediately attacked by those victorious Forces under the Command of Sir Charles Coot an Oliverian Captain and their Harbour filled with Parliament Ships of War and no hopes of Relief they yielded themselves to the mercy of the Rebels who revenged the Injuries of a Prince which they themselves had murdered upon this wealthy but then wretched City Thus saith my Author Dr. Bates Gallway the greatest place of Trade in all Ireland the best fortified abounding in noble Buildings Riches and plenty of Inhabitants which had had such benefit by their Maritim Commerce was forced to submit to the Yoke of an Enemy after she had refused her Assistance to her Lawful Prince in denying a Supply to the Lieutenant And as if War alone had not been a sufficient Chastisement the Plague followed the Sword and cut off in the space of eighteen Months twelve thousand of the Inhabitants The Irish had the Possession of this Place and held it out for King James II. till the last Summer 1691. Galofaro the same with Charibdis Gambay Gambia a vast River of Africa in Nigritia
Paris upon the River Bievre mentioned in Ecclesiastical History for a large Council assembled at it in 767. in the Reign of King Pepin and in the Presence of the Embassadors of the Emperor Compronimus from the East touching the Procession of the Holy Spirit and the Vse of Images Genubath See Guinea Georgeto Morgontiacum a Town of the Further Calabria Georgia a great Country in Asia call'd by the Inhabitants Gurgistan between the Caspian Sea to the East and the Euxine to the West bounded on the North by Circassia Comania and the Dominions of the Duke of Muscovy and on the South by Schirvan a Province of the Kingdom of Persia Containing under this Name a Part of Armenia the Greater and Armenia the Lesser This Kingdom was heretofore much greater than now and had Monarchs for its Sovereigns whose Royal Seat was the City of Cotatis but lying between the Turks and the Persians two powerful Neighbours both of them have diminished the Extent of it Thus the Turks dispossess'd the Georgian Kings of Erzerum a City of Armenia the Persians of some others and besides the Kings of it having divided it into several small Principalities it is become much less able than otherwise it would have been to defend it self against those potent Princes that surround it The Eastern Parts of it are accordingly Tributary to the King of Persia the Northern to the Great Duke of Muscovy and the Western to the Turk The Parts of this Kingdom are Mengrelia Guriel and Imireta to the West where the ancient Colchis was To the North Abaca Carthuel now a Province of Persia and Gagheti Gaguesa to the East formerly called Iberia and Samsche Samesa to the South towards Armenia The principal Cities are Cotatis and Teflis The Georgians are Christians by Profession but by Practice the worst in the World especially the Princes and great Men who will sell their Subjects for Slaves to the Turks and Persians or exchange them for Merchandize Their Faith is very tolerable they are of the Greek Church and till of late never heard of the Church of Rome In 1624. Pope Vrban VIII sent a Mission of the Theatines thither Georgia more properly so called borders to the East upon Circassia and Muscovy to the West upon Armenia the Less to the South upon Armenia the Greater to the North upon the Euxine Sea and that Part of Colchis called Imireta which I believe saith Sir J. Chardin to be all that Country which the Ancients call Iberia It is a Country very full of Woods and very Mountainous which yet has in it a great Number of Pleasant Plains only the middle of Georgia is more even and level than the rest The River Kur Cyrus runs through the middle of it This Country is very fruitful in Corn Herbs and Fruits and produces a vast quantity of excellent Wines but their most Staple Commodity is Silk of which they have a great quantity but not half what is reported The Air is very dry cold in the Winter and hot in the Summer Gerania an ancient City of Maesia Superior now Bulgaria towards Thrace and the Mountain Haemus Gerawer Geravia a Territory in the Upper Circle of the Rhine towards the Confluence of the Mayne and Rhine between the County of Erpach on the East Mentz on the North and South the Palatinate of the Rhine on the West The principal Places are Geraw and Darmstad from which latter this is sometimes by Foreigners called the Landâ—graâ—iat de Darmstad The Town of Geraw which gives this Territory its other Name lies not above two German Miles from the Rhine and Oppenheim to the East upon the River Noir Gerberoy a Town in the Isle of France towards the Borders of Picardy in the Territory of Beauvoisis four or five Leagues from Beauvais at which the English and French fought a Battle in 1434. Gerbes See Zerbi Gergenti Agrigentum an ancient and once a most potent and magnificent City of Sicily mentioned in the Old Greek and Latin Historians very frequently Built by the Inhabitants of Gela six hundred years before the Birth of our Saviour as Thucydides affirms Lib. 6. and called by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Latins Agragas and Acrogas as well as Agrigentum It became in time so great as to have ten Miles in Compass and to contain two hundred thousand Inhabitants and others say so many more as is incredible if not impossible See Laer. Lib. 8. When this City had not stood above forty years it fell into the Hands of Phalaris a Cretian in the 41. Olympiad about the year of Rome 183. who being banished his Country of a private Man became Lord of Sicily and one of the most noted of all the ancient Tyrants enjoying this Power sixteen Years in which time Perillus invented and first experimented the Brazen Bull. After this the Carthaginians became Masters of it and after them the Romans It was not less celebrated upon the Account of Empedocles the famous Pythagorean Philosopher who lived in the 44. Olympiad and was born here 160 years after the Foundation of this City Cicero speaks of a Temple and a Statue of Hercules that this City shew amongst the finest pieces of Antiquity The Horses bred here were of great repute in Greece much used in their Games on which occasion it is mentioned by Virgil Aen. 3. It is now called by the Inhabitants Gergenti by the Spaniards Girgenti and is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Palerno now formerly of Syracusa Seated between the Rivers of Arraga and Naro upon an Hill almost in the middle of the Southern Shoar of that Island in Long. 37. 38. Lat. 36. 10. The Saracens of Sicily were a Plague to it in their times Gerizim or Gerizzim a Mountain of Palestine near Samaria over against Mount Ebal on the other side Jordan from whence the Decalogue by Joshua's Order was promulgated and the Israelites blessed by Simeon Levi c. Deut. 27. 12. and 11. 29. 30. The Wells of Jacob at which our Saviour discoursed the Samaritan Woman sprang by its Foot This is the famous Mountain whereon Manasses expelled Jerusalem for marrying the Governour of Samaria's Daughter a Stranger built a Temple in Opposition to Solomon's which began the Schisin betwixt the Jews and the Samaritans Hyrcanus Nephew of Judas Maccabeus demolished it two hundred Years after yet the Samaritans nevertheless continued the Courses of their Prayers and Sacrifices here even to the Time of the Emperor Justinian Zeno the Emperor built upon this Mountain a Christian Church Justinian repaired the same and erected also a Fortress here to the Insolencies of the Samaritans of whom Vespasian killed in his time eleven thousand that had retired hither in the Wars of the Jews Germany Germania one of the greatest Countries in Europe and the Mother of those Nations which in the fall of the Roman Empire conquered all the rest At present bounded on the North by the Baltick Sea and Jutland on
a Town in the County of Burgundy Haslemere a Market Town in the County of Surrey and the Hundred of Godalming priviledged with the Election of two Parliament men Haslingden a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Blackburn Hassia Hessen called by the French Hesse is a Province of Germany honored with the Title of a Landtgrave or Marquisate which is a Provincial Earldom It lies in the Higher Circle of the Rhine between Westphalia to the North Westerwaldt and Weteraw to the West Franconia to the South Thuringe and the Dukedom of Brunswick to the East The chief Cities and Towns in it are Cassel Hirschfeldt Marpurgh Smalkalden and Ziegenheim Princes of its own have possessed it ever since 1263. It is fruitful in Corn Pasturage Woods Mines and Game This Country took its Name from the Hessi who Conquering the Chatti its old Inhabitants changed the old Name From East to West it extends it self thirty three German Miles in length from North to South twenty three Converted to the Christian Faith by Winifrid or Boniface an English Saxon about 730. Hasnon a Monastery in Artois Haspaam Haspahamum Aspahamum or Hispaham the Royal City of the Kingdom of Persia in the Province of Hierach where the Sophy or King of Persia resides Very great rich populous and daily growing greater The King has here a most magnificent Palace there belong to it three very large Suburbs Some think the ancient Name was Hecatompylon others Aspa The Kings of Persia have resided here near an hundred years and that is it that hath given it this great increase It stands upon the River Zenderoud or Zenderu which ariseth from the Mountain of Dimavend and divides this City into two parts and about five Miles beneath is swallowed up by the Sands It lies seventy German Miles from Casbin to the South eighty from Ormus to the North and a little more from Bagdat to the East Seated in a Plain surrounded on all sides at the distance of about three or four Leagues with an high Mountain like an Amphitheatre Long. 86. 40. Lat. 32. 26. The Province of Hierach in which it stands was the ancient Parthia This City with the Suburbs is about eight German Miles in compass and has twelve Gates whereof there are but nine constantly open it has about eighteen thousand Houses and five hundred thousand Inhabitants The Walls and Bastions are of Brick but ill built ill kept and out of repair so that they are of no use to secure the City Upon the River there is a lovely Stone Bridge This City was taken and destroyed twice by Tamerlane and about 1450 suffered much from one of its own Princes The Mosques the Bazar or Market Place the Baths great Mens Houses and Gardens are the great Ornaments of it Some of the great Houses with their Gardens take up twenty Acres of Ground these Gardens they adorn with Fountains Flowers fine Walks and delicate Rows of Trees both for Shades and Fruits So that the far greatest part of this vast City is taken up by Gardens and not peopled like ours I have taken this short Account out of Olearius who in 1637 was in this City and Thevenot who travelled this Kingdom since Hasbengow See Hasbaigne Hassio Porto Heraclea a Town in the Lesser Asia in Caria between Miletum and the Mouth of the Maeander now Madre thirty Miles from Ephesus to the South Hastings Othona the first of the Cinque Ports in the County of Sussex consisting of two Streets extended in length from North to South having in each of them a Parish Church seated between a high Clift to the Seaward and an Hill to the Land upon a small Brook on the South side of it five Miles West of Winchelsey and near the Eastern Borders of this County It hath had a great Castle upon the Hill which commanded it but this is now ruined and instead of it stands a Light-House to guide the Seamen This and the other Cinque Ports its Members was to send the King twenty one Ships each of which to have twenty one tall Men in it who were bound to appear upon forty days Summons and to serve fifteen days at their own Charge but if the King desired them longer he was to pay to the Master and Constable Six-pence the Day and to each Mariner three pence The Harbor here was made by a Pere of Timber which being destroyed by the raging Seas in 1578 Queen Elizabeth granted a Contribution for the Repairing of it but the Money was misimployed and the Work neglected so that the Trade and Fishery of this place is since that time much decayed The Honorable Theophilus Hastings Earl of Huntingdon is Baron of Hastings This Title being given to Sir William Hastings his Predecessor by Edward the Fourth in the second year of his Reign This Corporation Elects two Members of Parliament Hatfield Bishops a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Broadwater upon the River Lea. Adorn'd with a stately Palace call'd Hatfield House now in the Possession of the Earls of Salisbury but heretofore belonging to the King Hatfield Broadoke a Market Town in the County of Essex and the Hundred of Harlow upon the River Touridge Havage See Meroë La Havana or S. Christoval de la Havana a famous Sea-Port in the Isle of Cuba in the Bay of Mexico in the West-Indies very great and fortified to the utmost that Art and Expence can arise to seated at the North End of the Island over against the Cape of Florida being the Harbor to which all the Fleets from Spain direct their Course Here they unlade their European Merchandises here they take in the Plate and other Riches of the Spanish West-Indies in order to their Transportation into Europe so that it is one of the most frequented Ports in the West-Indies Whilst all this Wealth passeth and repasseth through it much of it must stick so that it is become very rich and populous The Spaniards have built a strong Castle and setled here a Governor and a good Garrison of Spaniards Yet notwithstanding all this Care and Charge the Buccaneers a few years since with a small number of Ships under Spanish Colours surprized and plundered this place and made the Inhabitants pay a vast Ransome to preserve it from being burnt It lies in Long. 292. 10. Lat. 20. 00. Havant a Market Town in the County of Southampton and the Hundred of Bosmere Havaspeude Dacia Alpestris Havelburgh Havelburgum Havelberga a small City in the Circle of the Lower Saxony which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Maegdeburgh it stands in Prignitz a Territory in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh upon the River Havel which one Mile lower falls into the Elbe ten Miles from Maegdeburgh to the North and twelve from Berlin to the West The Bishops of this Diocese have imbraced the Augustane Confession ever since 1556. Haverford West a Market Town and Corporation in Pembrokeshire in Wales which elects one Parliament man Haverill
of Edessa at first but afterwards it became the Metropolis it self Seated in the Province of Diarbeck near the River Chabor forty Miles from Edessa sixty from Euphrates to the East The Tartars under Tamberlane treated this City with great Cruelty since that it has been in a declining condition and now not much inhabited It is mentioned several times in the Holy Scriptures upon the account of Abraham's sojourning and burying his Father Terah here before he went into the Land of Canaan Gen. 11. 31. Acts 7. 4. in which last place it is called Charran in Mesopotamia And by Pliny and Ptolemy Charrae It s Long. is 73. 20. Lat. 36. 10. Heresbach a Town in the Diocese of Cleves in Germany Heri Aria a Province in Persia in Asia more commonly called Hera or Herat it has a City and a River of the same Name This River in the later Maps called Pulimoilon riseth out of the Mountains of Cassubi and washing the Walls of this City on all sides it standing in an Island falls into the Lake of Burgian The City is called Ser-heri in Long. 100. 13. and Lat 36. 20. Ninety German Miles West of Candahar one hundred and twenty South-East of the Caspian The Roses of this Province are thought the best in the World The Province of Heri is a part of that of Chorasan which is one of the most rich fertile and populous Provinces in all Persia In the City of Heri are made the best Persian Tapestries on which and other accounts it is much frequented by the Indians who must pass through it in their way to Persia See Olearius his Travels Herit Adramitae a Province in Arabia the happy Herma or Erma a City of Galatia called Germa or Therma by the ancient Geographers and now sometimes Germaste It stands in the Confines of Bithynia and Phrygia upon the River Sagarium Sacrio where it falls into the Casilirnach which falls into the Euxine Sea at Cagani twenty one German Miles East of Scutari This City is placed thirty six German Miles East of Bursia Now an Archbishop's See Long. 60. 10. Lat. 42. 25. Hermanstad Cibinium a City in Transylvania commonly by the Inhabitants called Seben and Zeben by the Italians Cibinio by the Germans Hermanstad The Capital of that Dukedom the Seat of the Prince a great populous strong well-built City seated in a Plain upon the River Cibinium Cibin which a little lower falls into the Aluta The Inhabitants are Saxons it stands fifteen Miles from Clausemberg to the East and eight from Alba Julia. A Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Colocza though there is now no Bishop of it The late Duke of Lorrain of famous Memory in November 1687. put into this place a Garrison of three thousand Imperialists by the agreement of Prince Abafti then Prince of Transylvania to enjoy the same for their Winter Quarters Hermanstein or Erenbreitstein Eremberti lapis a Castle in the Bishoprick of Trier in Germany upon the Rhine near its Confluence with the Moselle standing on a Rock that is on all sides inaccessible which makes it one of the strongest in Germany It sustained a long Siege in the year 1637. and could only at last be taken by Famine Hermanville a place near Calais in France Herndall Herndalia a part of Norway on this side the Mountains of Norway by the Province of Jemplandt on which depends Nomedale Hellegelandt Frostein Inder Heroa and some others which together with it were yielded to the Swedes in 1645. by the Danes Herou Heropolis a City of Egypt near the bottom of the Red Sea ninety miles from Damiata to the South-East about thirty five English Miles from Sues to the West and sixty from the next Shoar of the Mediterranean to the South Mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy It s Long. 63. 30. Lat. 29. 50. Herstal Heristel or Haristal a Town upon the Maes near Liege in Westphalia adorned heretofore with a magnificent Palace built by Pepin King of France who resided so frequently at it that in the French History he is sirnamed Pepin of Heristel This Palace was afterwards destroyed by the Normans Hersteld a City in the Circle of Westphalia in Germany upon the River Weser belonging to the Bishops of Paderborne since the year 1608. The People of Paderborne conspiring once against their Bishop the Episcopal See was removed from Paderborne hither which was re-established at Paderborne again in 799. Charles the Great also resided here some considerable time Hertford Durocobriva a Town in a County of the same name in the South of England upon the River Lea or Ligean as the Saxons called it which runs through it In 607. here was a Synod Now saith Mr. Cambden it is not very populous yet for its Antiquity it deserves-regard It has given Name to this County and is reputed the Shire-Town It has a Castle built as some think by Edward the Elder enlarged by the Family De Clare to whom it belonged as Earls of Hertford in the times of Henry II. and King Stephen Afterwards it belonged to the Crown Edward III. granted it to John of Gaunt his Son then Earl of Richmond and after Duke of Lancaster Hertfordshire Herfordiae Comitatus Cattieuchlani hath on the North Cambridgeshire on the West Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire on the South Middlesex and on the East Essex it is very fruitful as to Corn and Pasture has plenty of Woods and Groves and for great Towns and Rivers it may vye with most Counties in England considering its bigness This County had first for Earls or Marquesses the Family De Clare who for seven Descents between 1139. and 1314. enjoyed this Title Being extinguished Henry VIII in 1537. created Edward Seymour Viscount Beauchamp Earl of Hertford who afterward in 1551. was made Duke of Sommerset being the fourteenth Earl and seventh of his Family who hath born this amongst other Titles of Honour Hertogenraiad Rodia Ducis a Town in Holland Hertzogthumb in the High Dutch signifies a Dukedom and is frequently used by them So Hertzogthumb Bremen is the Dukedom of Bremen Hertzogthumb Ferden is the Dukedom of Ferden Heruli an ancient People of the Country now called the Dukedom of Meckleburg in the Lower Saxony in Germany towards the Baltick Sea who established themselves in Italy in the fifth Century and were of the number of those Barbarians that formed their States upon the ruin of the Roman Empire Odoacer their King dispossessed Augustulus in the year 476. and having reigned about seventeen years he was slain by Theodorick King of the Ostrogoths The Emperor Justinian granted them Lands to cultivate whereupon they not only gave themselves entirely to him but became Christians and Gethesius their King was baptized in 528. Till this Conversion their Customs were to offer Men in Sacrifices to their Gods to kill the sick and aged to oblige Wives not to survive their Husbands and to indulge themselves in every voluptuousness Hervorden Hervordia a City in VVestphalia in the County of
the Sepulchre which till then had been reverenced by all Men but Jews Ever since this it has been in the Possession of the Mahometans as they at times prevailed one upon another It continued under the Sultans of Egypt till 1517 when Selim Emperor of the Turks took it from them and under this Family it is at this day called by the Turks Elkods that is the Holy City It is at this day the principal Place in Palestine seated saith Mr. Sandys on a rocky Mountain every way to be ascended except a little on the North with steep Descents and deep Valleys about it which do naturally fortifie it for the most part it is environed with other not far removed Mountains as if placed in the midst of an Amphitheatre On the East is Mount Olivet separated from the City by the Valley of Jehosaphat which also circleth a part of the North and affords a passage to the Brook of Kedron on the South is the Mountain of Scandal with the Valley of Gehinnon on the West formerly it was fenced with the Valley and Mountain of Gthon Mount Sion lay within the City which stood upon the South side of it on the East side of this Mountain stood the famous Temple and between the City and the Temple the King's Palace Mount Calvary which formerly lay without the City to the North-West is now well nigh the heart of it the visiting the Holy Sepulchre being the almost only reason why Jerusalem at this day has any being The Inhabitants of it are not many for the most part Monks and Religious Persons of all Nations miserably oppressed by the Turks who seek all opportunities to impoverish and injure them This City stands forty Miles from Joppe and the Mediterranean Sea a hundred and sixty from Damascus to the South three hundred from Grand Cairo to the North-East and four hundred from Alexandria commonly believed to have been built by Melchisedech and called Salem from him It had divers Names of old expressed in this Distich Solyma Lusa Bethel Hierosolyma Jebus Elia Vrbs sacra Jerusalem dicitur atque Salem For above eleven hundred years together this City was the Queen of the East None ever so sacred yet none ever hath suffered greater Profanations than it The Emperor Titus erected a Temple here to Jupiter Capitolinus and Adrian in derision both of Judaism and Christianity engraved a Swine upon the Gate of Bethlehem dedicated a Chappel to Venus upon Mount Calvary another to Jupiter in the place of our Saviour's Sepulchre and a third to Adonis in Bethlehem all which continued till the Reign of Constantine the Great See Bethlehem and Calvary The Church of Jerusalem is the Mother of Christendom sanctified by the Death of Christ the Descent of the Holy Spirit the Preachings of the Apostles a General Council of the Apostles in the year 49 or 50 and the Martyrdom of S. James its first Bishop The Council of Nice allowed this Church the style and dignity of a Patriarchate tho at the same time subjecting it in point of Jurisdiction to the Bishops of Caesarea But in 553. in the fifth General Council or the second of Constantinople that Subjection was reversed and not only the See of Caesarea but Scythopolis and Berytus were made subject to this Church After Christianity received its Restauration by the Arms of Godfrey of Bouillon Jerusalem bore the Title of a Kingdom which continued from the year 1099 to 1187. in the Persons of about eight Christian Kings from the said Godfrey with possession of the Lands and Rights of a Crown But Frederick II. and others after who enjoy'd the Title of Kings of Jerusalem possessed no Land in Palestine It lies in Long. 69. 30. Lat. 31. 20. according to Mr. Fuller Others say Long. 69. 00 Lat. 32. 44. Ieselbas Margiana a part of the Province of Chorasan in the Kingdom of Persia Iesi Aesium a City in the Marchia Anconitana in the Dominions of the Church which is a Bishops See immediately under the Pope it is but small and stands upon an Hill by the River Jesi six Miles from the Confines of the Dukedom of Vrbino twenty three from Ancona to the West Iesselmeer or Gislemere a City and Kingdom under the Great Mogul lying North of the Kingdom of Guzarat on this side the Ganges the City is great a hundred and twenty Miles from the River Indus to the East and the same from Guzarat to the North. The Kingdom lies amongst the Mountains Terra de Iesso or Yezo Essonis Terra a large Country towards China and Japan discovered by the Hollanders in 1643. It is joyned by some to the North parts of Japan by others separated from it by a Streight of fifteen Miles broad All agree it is of a great extent from East to West The chiefest City is Matzumay which is the Capital of a Province of the same name but no European having yet setled here it is very little known The later Voyagers have discovered a Streight betwixt Tartary and this Country which they call the Streights of Jesso Iesual another Kingdom belonging to the Great Mogul in the East-Indies betwixt the Kingdom of Patna with the River Ganges to the West and that of Vdessa with the Mountains to the East The chief City is Rajapour Iesupol a very strong Town and Castle in Podolia in Poland on the Confines of Pocuock upon the River Bistris Ieter Jatrus a River of Mysia in the Lesser Asia Ietsegen and Iesten or Jetsengo two considerable Territories or Provinces in Japan in the Island of Niphon subdivided into divers other Provinces Jetsegen has the Region of Quanto to the East and Jetson to the West The latter is bounded by Jamaisoit to the West Iex and Jexdi Hecatompylos a City of Persia If Hypaea one of the Hyeres Iglaw Iglova Iglavia Giblova a City of the Kingdom of Bohemia but in Moravia upon the River Iglaw on the Confines of Bohemia twenty four German Miles from Prague and ten from Lentz This City is reasonably well peopled Igliaco Peneius a River on the West of the Morea Ihor a City and Kingdom at the most Southern Point of the Promontory of Malacca in the East-Indies over against the Isle of Sumatra distant little more than one degree and a half from the Line in Long 129. 31. The King is a potent Prince in these parts The City Ihor is situated upon a River which falls into the Ocean near the Promontory of Sincapura where it has a good Port. Iksworth or Ickworth a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Thingo retaining in its Name says Mr. Cambden the memory of the antient Iceni who dwelt in a part of this County The remains of a Priory founded by Gilbert Blunt sometime Lord of the Town and of a Guildhall are yet extant A Pot of Roman Coyns bearing the Inscriptions of divers Roman Emperors was digged up here not many years since Ila Yla Epidia one of the Western
it Lepseck and Lasipio the Europeans Lampsaco It is now in a tolerable good Condition and the See of an Archbishop Xerxes King of Persia gave the Revenues of this City to Themistocles the Athenian in his Banishment to find him Wine It consists of about two hundred Houses inhabited partly by Turks partly by Christians It has a very fine Mosque whose Portico is supported by Red Marble Pillars the same was formerly a Christian Church as appears by the Crosses that yet remain on the Capitals of the Pillars This City has even at this day a great many fine Vineyards especially on the South-side fenced in with Pom granate Trees Wheeler p. 76. In the antient Roman Times the God Priapus was revered here In the Year of Christ 364 the Demi-Arrians in a Council at this City condemned the Forms of Faith that had been published by the Councils of Rimini and Constantinople confirming another made by the Council of Antioch in 341. There was also a second Synod assembled here about the Year 369. Lampura Selampura a City of India beyond Ganges mentioned by Ptolemy Lancashire Lancastria is a part of that Country which was of old possessed by the Brigantes This County has Westmorland and Cumberland on the North Yorkshire on the East Cheshire on the South and the Irish Sea on the West In length from North to South fifty seven Miles in breadth thirty two containing twenty six Market Towns sixty one Parishes and many Chappels of Ease equal for the multitude of Inhabitants to Parishes Watered with the Rivers Mersey Rible Son all three running from East to West into the Irish Sea and the first serving as a Boundary betwixt this County and Cheshire besides the great Lakes of Merton and Winder which last divides it from Westmorland Where the ground is plain and champaign it yieldeth good store of Wheat and Barley the foot of the Hills is fitter for Oats All is tolerably useful and good except the Mosses or Bogs which yet afford excellent Turffs for firing There is also Marle in many places and in some Trees are found under Ground which have lain there many Ages This County is a Palatinate and has many Royal Privileges belonging to it In the time of Henry of Bullingbroke afterwards King of England the fourth of that name and first of Lancaster the half of the Lands of Bohun Earl of Hereford Essex and Northampton being added to what before belonged to the Honor of this County which was then a Dukedom it became the richest Patrimony that was in the hand of any one Subject in Christendom and in that Prince's Person it was annexed to the Crown of England and never since granted to any Subject whatsoever Lancaster Alione Mediolanum Lancastria The Town which gives name to this County stands on the South Bank of the River Lunne or Lone from which it is supposed to be denominated five Miles from the Irish Seas and towards the Northern Bounds of the County It seems to Mr. Cambden to be the Longovicum of the Romans which was one of their Military Stations Not overmuch peopled and consequently not extraordinarily rich It has a small but fair and strong Castle built on a Hill near the River and one large fair Parish Church with a S one Bridge of five Arches over the River Lon. This Town in 1322. was burnt by the Scots in an inroad they made into England and although it is thereby removed into a better Situation yet it may be presumed to be the less at this day for that Calamity Of the House of Lancaster abovementioned Henry the Fourth Fifth Sixth and Seventh inherited the Crown of England The last of which marrying Elizabeth Daughter and Heiress to Edward IV. of the House of York united those two Houses of York and Lancaster whose competition for the Crown under the names of the Red and the White Roses had caused the effusion of more English Blood than was spent in the Conquest of France Lancaster stands in the Hundred of Loynsdale and returns to the Parliament two Burgesses Long. 20. 48. Lat. 54. 05. Lanceston or Launceston the County Town of Cornwall in the Hundred of East upon the banks of the little River Kensey not far from its fall into the Tamer Well inhabited marketed and traded It returns to the House of Commons two Burgesses Lanciano or Lansano Anxanum the capital City of the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples and an Archbishop's See built five Miles from the Adriatick two from the River Saras now il Sangro about eighty from Naples to the North and a little more from Ancona to the South This City was raised to the Dignity of an Archbishoprick in 1562 and built as is supposed upon the Ruins of the antient Anxanum Long. 38. 55. Lat. 42. 27. Landaff Landava Landuvia a small City and Bishops See in Glamorganshire in Wales seated on the North side of the River Taff. over which it has a Bridge about three Miles from the Irish Sea to the North. The Cathedral and Bishoprick hereof was founded by S. Germanus and Lupus two Holy French Bishops who came twice into Britain to extinguish the Pelagian Heresie about the Year 522. They preferred Dubricius a holy Man to this new-founded See to whom Meuricke a British Lord freely gave all the Land that lies between the Taff and Eleâ— But this See has since met with others of a contrary temper who have reduced it to that Poverty that it is scarce able to maintain its Bishop The present Dr. William Beaw is the LXXVI Bishop consecrated in 1679. June 22. Many Synodal Constitutions we find in the Councils were made and published by the Bishops of this See in antient times Landaw Landavia a City of Germany in the Lower Alsatia in the Territory of Wasgow upon the River Queich in the Confines of the Palatinate of the Rhine four Leagues from Spire to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but by the Treaty of Munster yielded to the French who still have it L'andramiti Adramytium a City of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ephesus called by the Europeans Andromiti by the Turks Endroinit in which word there is a further account of it Landrecy Landrecium a City in Hainault small but well fortified It is seated at the Fountain of the River Sambre Sabis six Leagues from Valenciennes to the North-East and two from the Borders of Picardy to the North. This has been made at once famous and miserable by the frequent Sieges it has suffered of late But by the Pyrenean Treaty it was put into the hands of the French The Emperor Charles V. besieged it in 1542. for six months with fifty thousand Men and retired from it at last without success The Lands End Antivestaeum Bolerium Ocrinum the most Western Cape or Promontory of England in the County of Cornwal Landshut Landshutum a City of Germany in the Lower Bavaria in the Marquisate of
to Godfrey III. Duke of Brabant In 1293 Reinold Earl of Gelders set up another Title in the Right of Ermingrade his Wife Daughter of Herman late Duke of Limburg but his Forces being defeated and he taken Prisoner in the Battel of Worancan he was forced to refign his Right to John Duke of Brabant to regain his liberty and from that time the Dukes of Brabant have peaceably enjoyed it The Earth is very fruitful as to Wheat and Fewel it has excellent Mines of Iron and one of Copperas It contains one hundred and twenty five Villages whereof five are walled Limburg Limburgum the principal City of the last mentioned Dukedom is pleasantly seated upon a Hill by the River Weser amongst shady Woods in the Consines of the Bishoprick of Licge six Leagues from that City to the East seven from Maestricht and four from Aquisgrane to the South It had a very strong Castle mounted upon a steep Hill and of a difficult Access The Hollanders took this City in 1632. but the Spaniards recovered it again In 1675. the French surprized it and being forced to leave it in 1677. they destroyed the Castle which now lies in Rubbish Lime otherwise called Lime Regis is a small Town in the Western Borders of the County of Dorset next Devonshire in the Hundred of Bridport upon a steep Hill and a River of the same Name which hardly deserves the Name of a Sea-Port though it is frequented by Fishermen It hath a Road sufficiently secured from the violence of the Winds by Rocks and high Trees It is a Corporation governed by a Major and sends two Burgesses to the Parliament defended by Blake against the Kings Forces in the late Parliamentarian Rebellion to a Wonder though it has no other Fortifications than what Nature bestowed upon it To this Place Charles II. after the Battel of VVorcester retired and was promised passage for France but deluded by the Master and forced to seek it elsewhere The late Duke of Monmouth on June 11. 1685. with about one hundred and twenty Men on Board a single Vessel from Holland surprized this Town and began a Rebellion against King James II. which was of short duration unfortunate in all its events and ended in the ruin of that Duke being beheaded July 15. following on Tower-Hill in London Limen Palus Moeotis a Branch or Bay of the Euxine Sea on the East of the Crim Tartary called also Mar de Zabacce and de Tana from the River Tanais which falls into it Limerick Limericum a strong City in the Province of Mounster but in the Confines of Connaught upon the River Shannon forty five Miles from Kilkenny to the West thirty five from Gallway to the South and from the main Ocean about sixty but so accommodated by the River that Ships of Burden come up to the very Walls This City is the Capital of a County of the same Name and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Casshel The Irish call it Loumeagh It was first conquered from them by Raimond de Grosse an English Man after which one Danewald an Irish Royolet of Thomond burnt it King John built the Castle the English in after times built an additional Town and walled it securing it by Draw-Bridges and whatever might contribute to the strength of it What became of this Place in the beginning of the Irish Rebellion I do not find but when Ireton came before it in 1651. to take it for the Parliamentarians Hugh O-Neal a Valiant Irish Man and a good Commander being intrusted with the Government of it by the Lord Lieutenant it made the best defence and slew more of the Parliamentarians than any place in Ireland till after a Siege of three Months it yielded upon Articles when all their Victuals were spent Having the Consolation of seeing her Conqueror soon swept away by the Plague which he found here when he forced the Town After the Rout at the Boyne King James's Forces rallied again here and made a very vigorous defence under the Conduct of Monsieur Boiseleau the Governour insomuch that though King William in Person commanded the Siege which began about the tenth of August 1690. yet his Army was forced to decamp the one and thirtieth following without success The next year it surrended upon Articles The County of Limerick is bounded on the North by the Rivers Shannon and Mysker which part it from Clare and Ormond on the East it has the County of Tipperary on the South that of Cork and on the West that of Kerry A fertil Country saith Mr. Cambden and full of people but able to shew few places of any account The Western side is Mountainous the rest Plain Limino Lemene Romatinum a River of Friuli which ariseth out of the Carnick Alpes and washing Concordia an old ruined City twenty seven Miles from Aquileja to the East falls into the Venetian Gulph Limoges Lemovicum urbs in Ptolemy called Rastiatum in Ammianus Marcellinus Lemovix and otherwise Lemovica Lemovicina a City which is the Capital of the Province of Limosin in France and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourges great and populous seated amongst Hills by the River Vienne twenty Leagues from Angoulesme to thé East twenty five from Poictiers to the North-East and forty from Bourdeaux This City was of old times pillaged by the Goths and Franks Afterwards by Storm taken by the Black Prince in 1371. who put four thousand of the Inhabitants to the Sword Adorned now with divers Religious Houses and has been a Viscounty for many Ages The Bishops of Aquitaine have celebrated some Councils at it Limosin Lemovicensis Provincia is a Province of France in the Generalité of Aquitain which is part of what was possessed by the Lemovices It is a great and populous Province but cold and barren affording little Corn or Wine that is good divided into two parts the Upper and the Lower on the North it is bounded by la Marche on the East by Auvergne on the South by Cahors and on the West by Perigort and Angoumois Foreigners do sometimes include la Marche in this Province The principal Cities are Limoges Tulle Brive and Vserche Limoux Limosium a City of Languedoc upon the River Aude Atax three Leagues from Carcassone to the South and six from Mirepoix to the East It is built amongst the Hills well peopled and belongs to the Diocese of Narbonne Linceo and Lincen Lincestis a River of Macedonia Linchiang a City of the Kingdom of China in the Province of Quamsi upon the River Can at the foot of the Mountains esteemed the eighth City of that Province Liuck or Lincken a Fort in Flanders in the District of Bourbourg upon the River Colme one League from Bourbourg to the North-East and two from Audomar to the North. Taken by the French in 1676. and still in their Hands Lincoln Lincolnia Lindum a famous City seated on the North side of the River Witham over which it hath several Bridges almost in the
Nations as Pliny saith was by Philip and Alexander his Son reduced first into one great and formidable body which spread its Conquests not only over all the rest of Greece but passing the Hellespont Alexander the Great overthrew the Persian Empire and became Lord of all those Countries between the Caspian and Euxine Seas to the North Mount Imaus to the East the Persian Sea Red Sea the Cataracts of Nile to the South the Desarts of Lybia and the Adriatick Sea to the West which Empire at his death became divided into four great Kingdoms whereof Macedonia was the least Philip of Macedon the two and twentieth King of the first Race began in the year of the World 3155. which ended in Alexander the Great in 3642. or thereabouts Cassander extirpated the first Family and began a second in 3648. which ended in Perseus XI in that Succession subdued by the Romans in 3789. But it became not intirely subject till the Turks first entered this Province under Bajazet their fourth King who took Nicopolis a Town upon the Bay of Thessalonica in 1392. The Conquest thereof was finished by Amurath II. their sixth King in 1429. by the Conquest of Thessalonica and all the other places in this Kingdom considered without Albania Now governed by a Turkish Sangiack under the Beglerbeg of Greece who has 8000. Crowns the year Revenue and finds in Peace only one hundred Horse for the defence of the Country in times of War four hundred All the ancient Cities are ruined except Thessalonica and Larissa Macerata a City in the Dominions of the Pope in the Marcha Anconitana which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Fermo it stands upon a Hill near the River Chiento and is thought one of the best places in this Marquisate being therefore chosen for the Residence of the Governour Built about 410. as Blondus avers The University was opened here by Pope Nicolas IV. in 1290. restored by Pope Paul III. in 1322. united to this See for ever in 1586. It lies fifteen Miles from Loretto and the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea to the West There was a Synod here assembled in 1615. Machere Machera or Macheronta a Castle upon the River Jordain and the Banks of the Dead Sea in Palestine five or six Leagues from Jerusalem where according to Josephus S. John Baptist was beheaded by the order of Herod Machian one of the Molucco Isles Machynleth a Market Town in the County of Montgomery in Wales and the Hundred of Kyfilog Machlyes an ancient People that dwelt near the Magna Syrtes of Africa mentioned by Aristotle Maclena Cydarus a small River of Thrace which falls into the Black Sea a little above Constantinople Macoco a vast Kingdom in the middle of Africa towards the Vpper Aethiopia and the River Zaire the Prince of which has ten Kingdoms under him on the North he has the Kingdom of Muaco which is ever in War with him to the South-East that of Giringbomb This Kingdom lies two hundred and seventy Spanish Miles from the Kingdom of Congon to the South Jerome Lobus mentions it in his History of Ethiopia Mensol is the Capital City of it Macran or Makeran Caramania a Province of Persia towards the Indian Ocean and the Confines of Indostan which is a part of the ancient Caramania It has on the North Sigestan on the South the Indian Ocean on the West Caramania properly so called and on the East Sinda It is under a Prince of its own who is a Tributary to the King of Persia It s principal City is Macran and its best Port is called Guadel Macre a Gulph of the Mediterranean Sea betwixt Lycia in Asia Minor and the Island Rhodes said by some to be the Glaucus Sinus of Caria Macrobii the ancient people of the Island of Meroe in Aethiopia so called from an observation of their living to a great age Not but that this Name in the Writings of the old Geographers and Historians is communicated to the Hyperborei Macedonii and others where the same Longaevity occurred Macrocephali an ancient people towards the Bosphorus Thracius in the account of P. Mela so named from an observation that they had extraordinary long heads But Stephanus places them near Colchis in the Lesser Asia and Pliny in the neighbourhood of the City Cherasonda in Cappadocia Macuf Mosceus a River of Persia which falls into the Bay of Persia Macyn India Vlterior one of the Provinces of Asia called the further Indies or India beyond Ganges Maczua Orine an Island in the Gulph of Arabia near Africa over against the City of Mazzuan in 17 deg Lat. In the Maps called Mazuan and sometimes Macaria under the Turks since 1557. Madagascar Cerne Menuthias Madagascaria Delphina a vast Island on the Eastern Coast of Africa called by the Inhabitants Madecase by the French l' Isle de Dauphiné by the Portuguese S. Lorenzo by the English Madagascar and S. Laurence by the Arabians Sarandib Ptolemy calls it Menuthias Pliny Cerne Aethiopica It is near one hundred Miles from the Coast of Africa to the East and one of the greatest Islands in the World extentending from 1 to 25 deg of Southern Latitude but its breadth much less as not exceeding one hundred and thirty English Miles Discovered by the Portuguese in 1506. on S. Laurence's day There was no Cities in it the French have of late settled some Colonies on the Southern Shoars Stephen Flacourt a Frenchman has given a large account of this Island The Inhabitants are large of Stature exceeding black Warlike much addicted to Fishing great Eaters Nature has accordingly provided them with plenty of Cattle Fish Fowl Fruits and what ever is necessary for the life of Man which they use without Labour or Care regarding neither Silver nor Gold nor any thing but Beads and Bracelets for Ornament Musick and Dancing for their Recreation And the utmost Number they can tell is Ten. Herbert 'T is also related there is a mixture of Whites amongst them who being circumcised and using the Names of Moses Aaron Esther and the like may be thought to descend from the transmigrations of some of the ten lost Tribes of the Jews About two hundred years ago the Caliph of Meccha dispatched a Mission of Arabians hither to teach Arabick and the Alcaron which altogether missed not of its effect The Northern Provinces are yet unknown to the Europeans As for Capes Ports and Roads Rivers and fruitful Mountains Mines of Iron and Steel Precious Stones and Woods Madagascar hath them But no Mines of Brass Tin Lead Silver or Gold And the Natives are divided into divers Herds and Tribes under a Chief like the Tartars Madaura an ancient City betwixt Lambesa and Hippo in Barbary remarkable for being the Birth-place of Apuleius thence intiuled Madaurensis It had the honour heretofore of a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Carthage and likewise of an Academy of note at which S. Austin studied Maday See Media Madera an Island on the Western
more extended Sea North of Constantinople between Europe to the North and West Asia to the East and Anatolia to the South is called the Euxine or Black Sea To give an exact account of all the smaller parts of it would too much exceed my narrow bounds Medniky Mednicia a small City of Poland in Samogitia sometimes called Womie seated near the Fountains of the River Wirwitz It is the See of the Bishop of Samogitia founded by Wenceslaus King of Poland in 1413. fifteen Polish Miles from Memel and the Shoars of the Baltick Sea to the East thirty from Riga to the South-West Medoc Medulanus a small Tract in Aquitain between the Mouth of the Garrone to the North the Bay of Aquitain to the West and Bourdeaux to the East There is not above three or four small Towns in it The ancient Meduli are understood to have dwelt here Medway Vaga a River of Kent which riseth in the Weald or Wild in the South-West part of that County at Penhurst it receives the Eten out of Surrey so dividing it self into five Streams it surrounds Tunbridge from thence passing North-East it goes to Maidstone from thence to Rochester by which time it is become exceeding great by the concourse of many Rivers it takes in its short Course Here he is covered by a Stone Bridge beneath which he becomes capable of the greatest Ships and in his Bed the Royal Fleet of England rides in time of Peace Below Rochester he forms the Isle of Shepey one of his Mouths entering the Ocean at Sherness and the other at Shellness above eight Miles from each other In 1667. the Dutch Fleet entered this River June 22. having with their Cannon battered down the Paper Fort of Sherness where they carried off the Royal Charles and burnt and spoiled four or five other Ships Megalopolis an ancient City of Arcadia near the River Alpheus renowned for the Birth of Polybius the Noble Grecian Writer of the Roman History Since Christianity it hath been an Episcopal See But this glory under the Turks is changed into the condition of a miserable Village And the Proverb Magna Civitas magna solitudo was never more verified of it than now Megara a City of Achaia in ancient times cal-Nisa or Nissaea it stands at the North-West Point of the Bay of Corinth near the Hexamilia or Isthmus two Miles from the Sea Shoar twenty five from Athens to the West and the same distance from Corinth to the North East This was the Birth-place of Euclid the Master of the Mathematicks Lat. 38. 05. which is the true height of Athens Mr. Wheeler who saw this place thus describes it It is situate in a Valley between the Mountain Kerata North which has a Ridge running Northward to join with Mount Cithaeron at the bottom of the Bay of Corinth now called Livadostro the Mountain Macripaldi to the West towards Corinth the Mountain of Palaio Bouni South-East and the Bay of Livadostro North-West This Plain is reasonably fruitful twenty Miles in compass The City was anciently built upon two Rocks Now one of the Rocks is desolate the other has about three or four hundred pitiful Cottages built one Story high and close together the Walls of which are the ruins of the former Houses or a few Faggots covered with Clay Chimnies they have none except it be a hole in the top of the House or the Door The Turks of themselves abandoned this place after the reduction of Athens It is now called Megra A City in the beginning the Capital of a Monarchy under the Reign of twelve Kings Then a Republick which maintained divers Wars with the◠Athenians and others and also established a Colony in the Island of Sicily Meghen a Town in the Dukedom of Brabant in the Low-Countries upon the left side of the Meuse three Leagues from Boisleduc It gives the Title of an Earldom Meissen Misnia a Territory and City of Germany in the Vpper Saxony which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Magdeburgh and under the Dominion of its own Bishop but now in the hands of the Elector of Saxony as Administrator of the Bishoprick of Misnia It stands three German Miles from Dresden to the East nine from Leypsick to the same Quarter and twelve from Wittemberg to the South upon the Western Shoar of the River Elbe over which it hath a fine Wooden Bridge Built by Henry the Fauikoner who constituted the Marquess of Misnia in 928. Sigismond the Emperour in 1423 granted to its Marquess within the Dukedom of Saxony the Electoral Dignity It s Bishop was one of them that led the way to the Reformation by ejecting the Pardon-mongers in 1500. In 1581. the Reformation was settled here and the Augustane Confession imbraced This is at this day a great rich populous City and has belonging to it a Castle Mela or la Mela a River in Lombardy which washeth the Walls of Brescia and then falls into the Oglio Melas the ancient Name of the Rivers Larissa and Gensui See those Names As of several others mentioned by the Ancients in Lycia Arcadia Mygdonia Sicily Cilicia and Achaia Melasso or Melazzo a Town in the Valley of Demona in the Island of Sicily near Messina § Likewise a City in the Province of Aidinelli in the Lesser Asia which was the ancient Mylassa of Caria This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Stauropolis or Santa Croce Melohited a general Name for all the Syrian Cophtite or other Oriontal Christians not being natural Greeks who adhere to the Decisions of the Great Council of Chalcodon and the common Sentiments of the Greek Church Given them by the opposite Parties from the Hebrew Word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a King in derision of their being of the Religion of the Emperour who presided over the said Council They call themselves the Orthodox and have translated into the Arabick Language the Bible Councils and Euchologies with most of the Ecclesiastical Books of the Grecians Melcomb Regis a Corporation in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Vgscomb upon the River Wey where it falls into the Sea united by a fair Timber Bridge with the Town of Weymouth on the other side of the same River and together with it by Act of Parliament in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth incorporated into one Body governed by one Mayor with Aldermen c. yet they both elect two Burgesses to the Parliament Meldola Meldula a small Town in the Dominions of the Church in Romandiola in the Confines of Tuscany upon the River Bedese or Ronco which falls beneath Ravenna into the Ionian Sea ten Miles from Forli to the South This is said to be a Marquisate and a Sovereignty in the possession of Prince Pamfilio Melfi Melphis Melphia a City of the Kingdom of Naples in the Basilicate which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Acerenza or Mateola but now exempt from the Jurisdiction of its own Archbishop It is a great and well peopled City in the
demolished by the English It has a Collegiate Church § There is another Meun in the same Province upon the River Inde betwixt Chateau-roux and Bruzancais § And a Third in the Province of Orleanois under the right side of the Loyre betwixt the City Orleans and Baugency Adorned with a Collegiate Church and taken heretofore by the Victorious English under the Earl of Salisbury In Latin Magdunum Meurs Meursia a small City of the Dukedom of Cleves though seated in the Bishoprick of Cologn which is an Earldom and belongs together with its Territory to the Prince of Orange by the gift of the last Countess in 1600. Yet the Duke of Brandenburgh lays claim to it as Duke of Cleves It lies two Miles from Rhineburgh to the South one from the Rhine to the West about ten from Cologn to the North-West and seven from Cleves to the South-West Meurtre Mourtre Murta Morta a River of Lorrain it ariseth from Mount Vauge and watering Nancy falls into the Moselle three Leagues above Pont Mouson Meuse Mosa the same with the Maes Mexico Mexicum a vast City in the North America the Capital of New Spain and of a Province of the same name in that Kingdom the Seat of the Spanish Viceroy of the West-â—naâ—es and an Archbishop's See This City stands upon the North side of a Lake of the same name in a most pleasant fruitful and large Plain and in great part surrounded with the Lake The Inhabitants pretend it was built in 1322. The Spaniards by the current and thread of their Story say it was built in 902. It was many Ages since the Royal Seat of the Kings of Mexico had then a great and splendid Palace called in their Tongue the Tepac but burnt together with the City when it was taken by the Spaniards in 1521. by Francis Cortez who rebuilt the City and made it the Capital of his Conquests Its Streets are great streight and beautiful its Churches magnificent its publick Buildings noble It has an Aquaduct three Miles long and many Monasteries John de Turre Cremata our Countryman Mr. Gage and some others have given large accounts of this noble City which is the greatest in America It has no Walls Forts Bastions nor any Cannon or Defence whatsoever beside what the number of its Inhabitants afford which is a part of the Spanish Jealousie for fear a Viceroy should set up for himself In 1527. Pope Clement VII made it a Bishop's See In 1547. Paul III. made it an Archbishop's See in which Year Cortez the Conqueror died It was made an University in 1551. by Charles V. As it is seated in a very low ground so it has often suffered very much by Inundations of the Lake particularly Septemb. 21. 1629. forty thousand of its Inhabitants were drowned to prevent this for the future they have with great Charges found out a means to drive part of these Waters other ways There is no way to the City but over three Causways on the North West and South sides the latter of which is the longest Long. 269. 00. Lat. 28. 30. eighty Spanish Leagues from the South Sea and the same distance from the Shores of the Bay of Mexico See Golfo di Mexico There are also two Lakes of Water called by the name of this City one of which is fresh Water seven Leagues long six broad the other is salt Water forty Leagues in compass Meydenburg See Magdeburg Meylandt the German Name for Milan Meyne See Mayn § Also a Mineral Spring much resorted to of late near the City Arles in Provence Mezaal a pretended Island in Aethiopia See Meroë Mezieres Maderiacum Meceria a City of France in Champagne in the Territory of Retelois built upon and almost encompassed with the Maes and very well fortified besides It stands not above half a League from Charleville four beneath Sedan to the West three from the Confines of Luxemburgh and sixteen from Reims to the North-East and hath a Collegiate Church Mezo Amyzon a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia still extant and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Sancta Croce being seated between Magnesia and Alabanda thirty Miles from Miletus now Melasso and the same distance from the Shoares of the Archipelago to the East Mezuma oppidum novum a City in the Kingdom of Algïer in Africa in the Province of Tenez between Algier and Tremesin Mezzaba a Province in Biledulgerida in Africa with a City of the same name by the great River between Zeb and Tegorarina to the West Mezzovo Pindus Miana Apamia or Apamea a City of Media Long. 79. 50. Lat. 34. 20. Miary a River in Brasil which receives the Ovaro Covo and divers other Rivers then falls into the Ocean near the Island of Maragnan upon the Coast of Brasil Micoli an Island of the Aegean Sea betwixt Nicaria to the East and the Islands Tenon and Andron to the North. One of the Cyclades called by the Antients Mycone and Myconos It produces Wine Cotton Barley and abundance of Game planted with one only Village which pays a yearly Tribute to the Turks Middleburgh Metelli Castrum Middleburgum Metelloburgum a Town in Zealand the Capital of the Isle of Walcheren made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vtretcht in 1559. by Pope Paul IV the Collegiate Church in 1561 being converted into a Cathedral and the Revenues of a famous Abbey that was here applied to serve for the use of the Bishoprick It is great rich populous extremely well fortified and has been under the Vnited Provinces ever since 1574 in which it was taken by their Forces from the Spaniards The Abbey is now the Town-house § There is a Town in Flanders under the Vnited Provinces two German Miles from Bruges to the North and an Island in the East-Indies both called by the same name Middlefart a Town in the Island of Fuynen in the Baltick Sea giving name to the Channel Middelfart or Middle-Passage betwixt this Island and Jutland Middlesex Middlesexia Trinobantes is bounded on the North by Hartfordshire on the West by Buckingham separated by the River Colne on the South by Surrey cut off by the Thames and on the East by Essex divided from it by the Lea. It is nineteen English Miles in length and sixteen in breadth one of the least Counties in England but its Fertility and nearness to London abundantly recompenseth this want of Extent The ancient British Inhabitants were the Trinobantes afterwards it was a part of the Kingdom of the East-Saxons White-hall and S. James the Royal Mansions of the Kings of England are both in this County to which may be added Hampton Court their Country House of Pleasure and LONDON the Capital of England is its Head The Honorable Charles Sackville Earl of Dorset is also Earl of Middlesex by a Creation of Feb. 4. 1674. Which Title was first bestowed by K. James I. in 1622. on Lionel Lord Cranfield Lord Treasurer of England whose Son James enjoyed the same and after
Aquitain in France upon a small River falling into the Vezere seven or eight Leagues from Perigueux and Bergerac Here there is a very long Subterraneous Caverne call'd la Caverne de Cluseau in which Altars Paintings and rooms are pretended to be discovered as if the Pagans had sacrificed in this place to the Infernal Gods Mirepoix Mirapisca Mirapicium Mirapincum a City of the Vpper Languedoc in France in the County of Foix upon the River Gers three Leagues from Foix to the East and eleven from Tolouse to the South Made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tolouse by Pope John XXII In 1318 having been before a part of the Diocese belonging to that Archbishoprick The Earls of this place in the War against the Albigenses for their bravery obtained the title of Mareschalls of the Faith Miron or Hued Icer Serbes a River in the Kingdom of Algier Miscow an Island in the Gulph of S. Laurence in the North America belonging to New France betwixt that Country and the Island of S. John small but very fruitful Missa Senna Sena a River of Italy which watereth Vrbino the Capital of the Dukedom of that name and falls in the Gulph of Venice four Miles from Signiglia to the North-West Called by the latter Geographers il Cesano Misitra Lacedaemon Sparta is an ancient and most famous City of the Morea seated upon the River Eurotas now called Vafilipotamo thirty Miles from Megalopolis to the South one hundred and twenty from Athens to the South-West and twenty from the nearest Shoar of the Mediterranean Sea This was the Old Sparta Long. 48. 50. Lat. 38. 31. It is situate partly upon a Plain partly upon the foot of Mount Tayget which within Cannon Shot closeth it on the North the River descending from some Hills on the North-West incompasseth it on the West and South In ancient times it was as Polybius saith forty eight Greek Stades in Circuit which is six English Miles but it had a very unhealthful Situation the Mountain on the North side cutting off the cooling Breezes and redoubling by Reflection the Violence of the Rays of the Sun which make it even now when there is so few Inhabitants in it subject to the Plague every Autumn besides the Mountain renders it weak and undefensible This City is said to be built about the Year of the World 2997. in the days of the Patriarch Jacob 1763 Years before the Birth of our Saviour which account if it be true makes Misitra 983 years older than Rome There was no City in the World that flourished so many Ages as this in Military Glory it had a considerable share in all those Actions which made the ancient Greeks so famous It had Kings also the longest of any of the Grecian Cities for many Ages two at once and when they took away the Power from them they preserved the name This City was never brought under the Power of any Stranger till Philopoemen a Macedonian who died in the Year of the World 3767. took and abolished Lycurgus his Laws Which is placed by Helvicus in the Year of the World 3767. one hundred and ninety one Years before the Birth of our Saviour After this it became so inconsiderable as to be rarely mentioned only we are informed the Greek Emperors made it the Appenage of their Elder Sons Mahomet II. stiled the Great was the first of the Turkish Princes who in 1458. or thereabouts possessed himself of this City and the Cittadel built in the latter times on the top of Mount Taygetus In 1473. the Venetians took the City from the Turks but not being able to master the Cittadel they were soon after forced to desert it In 1687. the Bassa of Misitra Articled with the Victorious Venetians to March away with only what the Garrison could carry This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Corinth at this day very small and little peopled Misnia Libonotria is a Province and Marquisate of Germany called by the Inhabitants Meissen or Meissnerlandt It is a considerable part of the Vpper Saxony bounded on the North by the Principality of Anhalt on the East by Lusatia on the South by Bohemia and Franconia and on the West by Thuringia The greatest part is under the Elector of Saxony who resides at Dresden the Capital City The other considerable Places are Leipsick Meissen Mersburg Naumburg and Zwicaro Misraim the most ancient name of Egypt Mistretta Amestrata a very ancient Town in Sicily in the North-West part of the Island upon the River Alaesum fourteen Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and fifty five from Palermo to the East Modbury a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Armington betwixt the Rivers Arme and Aune La Mocha an Island of the South Sea near the Kingdom of Chili in America Modena Mutina a City of Lombardy in Italy the Capital of a Sovereign Dukedom of the same name Seated in a Plain upon the River Secchia the greatest Bed of which runs four Miles more to the West but it has two Branches one runs under the Walls the other through the City of Modena and a little beneath the City unite and fall into the Panaro This City lies twenty Miles from Bologna to the North-West and forty four from Ferrara to the South-West It is naturally strong by its Situation fortified too and has had a Castle added of latter times for its greater security Ancient Story informs us this City was a Roman Colony of great Strength and Reputation and that M. Antonius besieged D. Brutus the principal Conspirator against Julius Caesar here but Hirtius and Pansa the two Consuls coming up Antonius was forced to raise the Siege whereupon followed a bloody Fight in which both these Consuls were slain in the Year of Rome 711. In the times of the Goths and Lombards it was intirely ruined but rebuilt by the Children of Charles the Great In 973. here was a Council held for the composing some differences amongst the German Princes This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna Lo Stato di Modena Mutinensis Ducatus the Dukedom of Modena is bounded on the North with the Dukedoms of Mantoua and Mirandola on the East with the Territory of Bologna on the South with the Dukedom of Tuscany and the States of Luca on the West with the Dukedom of Parma It extends from North to South sixty from East to West forty five Miles heretofore under the Duke of Ferrara but the eldest Line of that Family failing in Alphonsus II. in 1597 the Dukes of Modena who were a younger Branch of the same Family put in their Claim for the whole Succession but were opposed by Pope Clement VIII Whereupon ensued a War which was ended by a Treaty the next Year the Pope keeping Ferrara and the Duke Modena as a Sovereign State Alphonsus d'Este the present Duke is the Third of this Line since the Sovereignty fell into this Family descended from a Race of Dukes which began
last it is divided by the Loyre though some attribute several Villages to it beyond that River The Cities of it are Orleans Baugency and Chartres Ormus Armuzia Ormuzium Organa a small Island on the Coast of Persia known to the Greeks and Romans with a City of the same name This Island is seated at the Mouth of the Persian Gulph upon the Province of Schiras over against the Mouth of the Drut nine Spanish Miles in compass and twelve from the nearest Shoars of Persia The City which was once so potent and rich fell into the Hands of the Portuguese in 1517 and was re-conquered by the Persians assisted by the English April 25. 1622. Whereupon this so famous Mart presently became desolate and forsaken so that there is now little of it left but the Castle that the Portuguese built which has deluded the Forces of the Turks and Arabians Out of the ruins of it is sprung up Gambron on the continent Long. 91. 20. Lat. 27. 30. This Island wants fresh water It hath formerly sustain'd the title of a Kingdom The Tartars call it Necrokin The Portuguese were thought to lose six or seven Millions at the retaking of it by the English and Persian Forces Ormond Ormondia The North part of the County of Tipperary in the Province of Munster called by the Irish Orwowon that is the front of Munster A lean Mountainous barren Country which gives the Title of a Duke to one of the best and most Loyal Families in that Kingdom the first of which was James Butler Created Earl of Ormond by Edward III. James the late Earl was for his signal services in the old Rebellion in Ireland in 1643 Created Marquess of Ormond In 1660. he was by Charles II. made Duke of Ormond in Ireland and in 1661. in England Ormokirk a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Darby not far from Merton Meer Ornano a Signory in the Isle of Corsica Orne Orna Olina a River in Normandy which watereth Argentan Caen and at Estreban falls into the British Sea Orne Odorna a River of Lorrain which falls into the Moselle between Mets and Thionville it has a Town of the same name upon it between the Moselle and the Maes but nearest to the last Hofman Orontes See Farfar § The same is also the name of a Mount near the City Tauris in Persia Oropus or Orope an antient City of Attica in Greece called now Zucamini and Suzamino Aulus Gellius speaks of it § There was a second in Macedonia the Birth-place of Seleucus Nicanor § A third in the Island Euboea in Aristotle's time who remembers it § And Stephanus places a fourth in Syria called also Telmissus Orsoi Orsoium Orsovium a small but strong and an important Town in the Dutchy of Cleves in Germany upon the Rhine Taken for the Hollanders by the Prince of Orange in 1634 and in 1672 by the Duke of Orleans for the French Orssa a strong Town in the Dukedom of Lithuania in Poland seated at the Confluence of the River Orsca with the Nieper eighteen Polish Leagues from Smolensko to the West and twelve from Mohilow to the North towards VVitepski It is defended by a good Cittadel Sigismond I. King of Poland defeated the Muscovites before it in 1514 taking Prisoners four thousand and leaving dead upon the Place forty thousand It hath heretofore been in the hands of the Muscovites Orta or Orti Hortanum a small City in the Ecclesiastical State upon the Tiber near its Confluence with the Nera and upon an Ascent It belonged formerly to the Dukedom of Toscana Pliny takes occasion to mention it It is an Episcopal City thirty four Miles from Rome to the North. Ortonbourg Ortemburgum a Town in the Province of Carinthia in Germany upon the Drave having the honour to give a Title of a Count of the Empire Orton a Market Town in the County of VVestmorland in East Ward amongst the Heaths much wanting Wood. Ortona a City of the Hither Abruzzo and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Trivento which has a safe Port on the Adriatick twelve Miles from Trivento North-East eight from Lanciano to the same and eleven from Pescara to the South-East It is now called Ortona à Mare to distinguish it from Ortona di Marsi in the same Province Made a Bishop's See by Pope Pius V. in 1570. The Revenue of this Town belongs to the Papacy Orvieto Oropitum Vrbiventum Herbanum a City of Italy of great antiquity called in several Ages by various names It was heretofore included in the Province of Toscana now in S. Peter's Patrimony the Capital of a Territory denominated from it and a Bishop's See seated upon the River Pelia which a little higher takes in the Chiana and three Miles lower falls into the Tiber twenty Miles from Viterbo to the North sixty from Rome and thirty from Perugia Very strong by its Situation being fenced on all sides by Rocks and steep Valleys or Precipices Orwell a River in the County of Suffolk upon whose Banks not only Ipswich but Stow Market and Needham are also situated Osaro See Serchio Osbor or Olbor Osborium The Geographers do not determine whereabouts in Germany it was that this Place stood But they omit not to mention it upon the account of a Council there assembled in the presence of the Emperor Henry IV. which condemn'd the Anti-Pope Honorius II. and confirm'd the Election of Pope Alexander II. Oseau Ossavus a small River in Bearn Osenburgh Osnaburgum Osnabrugum Osnabrucum a City of VVestphalia in Germany which is a Hanse Town and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Cologn instituted by Charles the Great in 776. It is seated upon the River Hasa eight German Miles from Munster to the South-East and fifteen from Oldenburgh to the South Famous for a Peace concluded here between the Emperor and the Crown of Sweden in 1648. This City is under the Dominion of its own Bishop who keeps his ordinary residence at Patersbourgh and called sometimes Osnabruck Not only the Parochial Churches are divided here amongst the Roman Catholicks and Lutherans but the Lutherans also have the Possession of three Prebends in the very Cathedral with a Voice Active in the Election of Dignitaries The Roman Catholick Prebendaries have Voices Active and Passive electing and to be elected § The Bishoprick of Osenburgh is a Tract of Germany under the Bishop of this Diocese by the Order of Charles the Great Bounded on the West and South with the Bishoprick of Munster on the East by the Principality of Minden and the County of Ravensperg from North to South forty Miles from East to West twenty five The Bishop of this Diocese is to be a Roman Catholick and a Lutheran by turns according to the Treaty made in this City in favour of the House of Brunswick Osero Absirtum Absortus Absorus Civitas Ausarensis an Island and City of its name upon the Coast of Dalmatia under the Venetians The City is a Bishop's
See under the Archbishop of Zara in Dalmatia Osinio Auximum a City in the Marchia Anconitana in Italy upon the River Muzo ten Miles from Ancona to the South It is a Bishop's See under no Metropolitan but the Pope in whose Dominion it is and in a Consumptive Condition Lucan calls it Auximon A Synod was held at it in 1593. Osma or Osmo Oxoma Vxama a ruined City in Old Castile upon the River Douro which is yet a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo eighteen Leagues from Burgos to the South This City was ruined by the Moors The Avion and Vxero fall both near this City into the Douro In 1550. there was a small University opened here Osmanili Bithynia a Province in the Lesser Asia Osnaburgh See Osenburgh Osrhoene Osroene and Osdroene an antient Province of Mesopotamia in Asia near Comagena upon the Euphrates In the year 197. an early Synod was assembled here about the Celebration of Easter Ossa a Mountain of Thessaly near the River Peneus and the Mountains Pelion and Olympus equally with them famous in the Writings of the ancient Poets Since otherwise called Monte Cassovo and Olira § Strabo writes of another Mountain Ossa in the Peloponnesus and Ptolomy of a City so called in Macedonia § The River Ossa is the same with the modern Fiore Osset an ancient City of Hispania Boetica now in the Kingdom of Andaluzia near Sevil in Spain with the name of Triana In the sixth Century there was a flourishing Roman Catholick Church in this City whose Cause against the Arrians was pretended to be favoured by Miracles Ossona Ansa a small ruined City in Catalonia in Spain which is yet a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Tarragona Seated in a Plain not far from the River Tera eight Leagues from Girone to the West and seventeen from Barcinona to the North and inhabited by few Ossery Osseria a Tract in the Province of Leinster in Queens-County which is both an Earldom and a Bishoprick The Bishop resides at Kilkenny being a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Dublin The Earldom belongs to the Duke of Ormond and deserves a particular regard on that account Ossuna Orsona a small City in Andalusia thirteen Leagues from Sevil to the East which is a Dukedom Ostende Ostenda a Sea-Port Town in Flanders seated in a Marsh at the Mouth of the River Geule well fortified and still under the King of Spain It stands three Leagues from Newport to the South-East and four from Bruges This Town was besieged from July 5. 1601. to September 22. 1604. by the Spaniards being then in the Hands of the Hollanders And at last was taken for want of Ground to defend it by Albert Archduke of Austria upon good Articles Osterlandt Ositia a Tract in Misnia between Thuringia to the West Voigtland to the South Leipsick to the North and Ertzeburgisce to the East The greatest part of it is under the Duke of Saxony VVeymar and the chief Town is Altemburgh Ostia an ancient City built by Ancus Martius King of the Romans upon the Sea of Thuscany at the Mouth of the Tiber where it formerly had a famous Port in the Ecclesiastical State It is a Bishop's See continually attributed to the Dean of the College of Cardinals S. Monica the Mother of S. Augustine died at it In 1556. the Duke of Alva took it but the Pope's Forces retook it soon after It had the Fortune to be destroyed by the Saracens in their times Ostioug a City and Province on the East of Russia The City stands upon the River Suchana where it receives the Jug a hundred and eighty Miles from Wologda to the East and fifty from the Dwina Ostrogothia Ostrogothland or East Gothland a Province in the Kingdom of Sweden Bounded on the North by Sueonia on the West by Westrogothia on the South by Smaland and on the East by the Baltick Sea The principal Cities are Norkoping Soderkoping and Stegeborg The antient Ostrogathi and Wisigothi had this distinction in their names from their living the one in Italy the other on this side the Mountains Ostrovizza a Fort in the County of Zara in Dalmatia surrounded with delightful Forests Pasturage and Springs in so good an Air withal as renders its Situation charming About a hundred years ago the Venetians took it from the Turks and burnt it And after the latter had again rebuilt it the Morlaques of Croatia in 1682. set a second time fire to it But in 1683. the Venetians entered upon a setled Possession of it and secured it with a Garrison Ostuni Ostunum a City of the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Brindisi towards the Shoars of the Adriatick sixteen Miles from Brindisi to the West and twenty two from Taranto to the South-East Oswestrée a Market Town in Shropshire The Capital of its Hundred near the Borders of Wales Otford a Town in the County of Kent in Sutton Lath near the River Darent where Canutus the Dane in a Battel with King Edmund Ironside was put to flight with the loss of five thousand Men. It is a Town of good Antiquity Otley a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Skirack upon the River Wharfe Otranto Hydruntum Hydrus a City in the Kingdom of Naples which is an Archbishop's See and the Capital of a Province of the same name on the Shoars of the Adriatick to which it hath a Port forty five Miles from Brindisi to the South twenty four from Gallipoli to the East This City was taken and miserably ruined by Mahomet II. Emperor of the Turks in 1480. But he dying soon after Alphonsus Duke of Calabria â—ate down before it and took it before the Turks were in condition to relieve their Garrison There is now in it a strong Castle situated upon a Rock In 1567 a Provincial Synod was assembled here La Terra d'Otranto the Province which takes its name from the City last mentioned is bounded on the East South and West with the Mediterranean Sea on the North by Bari and the Basilicate This was a part of the ancient Calabria and has many Greeks living on the South side The principal Places next Otranto are Lecca Brindisi Gallipoli Matera and Taranto Ottenwalt Otthoma Sylva a Forest in the Palatinate of the Rhine between the Maine and the Necker which has been under that Elector ever since 1465. It lies in the Confines of Franconia towards Gerawer and the Earldom of Erpach Ottercy S. Mary a Market Town in Devonsh The Capital of its Hundred Otthen Ottonium See Odensee Oudenarde Aldenarda Aldenardum a Town in Flanders of great strength divided by the Scheld into two parts and strengthened by a Castle called Pamele which is joyned to the Town by a fair Bridge over the Scheld It lies five Leagues from Gaunt and six from Tournay Taken by the French in 1658. and 1667. Besieged without success by the Spaniards
is a Province of Germany in the Circle of the Rhine called by the Germans Nider Pfaltzische Landt under the Electoral Prince who has his Title from it The Rhine divides it into two unequal parts on the North it is bounded by the Bishoprick of Mentâ— and in part on the East the rest of that side is inclosed by Gerawer on the South it has the Lower Aâ—satia on the West the Bishoprick of Trier and the Dukedom of Bipont This Country is now divided into thirteen Bailywicks The chief Towns of it are Heydelberg Manheim Franckenthall Oppenheim Kaisers-Lautern and Creutznach These Countries or at least a part of them have been enjoyed by the Palatinate Family ever since 1195. Palazzulo Herbessus a City of Sicily twenty Miles from Syracuse to the West and sixteen from Lentini to the South Palencia Palantia Pallantia Palentia in Vacexis a City of the Kingdom of Leon in Spain with a Bishop's See heretofore under the Archbishop of Toledo now of Burgos Mela Livy Strabo c. often mention it In 1388. a Council was celebrated here under Pope Clement VII It has been in former times a strong and considerable Plâ—ce but in that part of its Character it is deficient now Palermo Panormus a City in the Valley of Mazara in the Island of Sicily which is an Archbishop's See and the present Metropolis of that Kingdom It is great populous and rich built by the Phoenicians before the Greeks entered this Island Under Roger Earl of Sicily it became the Capital of the Island It is pleasantly seated on the North-West Shoar at the mouth of the River Olestis where it hath a Port four Miles from Montreal to the North and fourteen from Messina to the South-West Baudrand saith the French beat the Dutch and Spaniards near this City June 2. 1676. Palestina Palaestina a small but celebrated and noble Country in Asia extended from North to South between Syria to the North the Desarts of Arabia to the East the Stony Arabia to the South and the Mediterranean Sea to the West This was that spot of Ground allotted by God to his own People the Children of Israel and divided at first into twelve Tribes About the time of our Saviour's Birth it was divided into six Provinces Now commonly called the Holy Land and in the Hands of the Turks ever since the year 1517. See Jerusalem Palestrina Praeneste Polystephanos a City of Latium in Italy of great Antiquity of a Colony made a Municipium by Augustus It is in Campagna di Roma under the Dominion of the Pope twenty two Miles from Rome to the South-East Of old it stood upon a high Hill where the Castle is now but also built down as far as the Plains This ancient City was pulled down by Pope Boniface VIII and rebuilt in the Plain upon the River Vetesis it is a Bishop's See which belongs to one of the six Senior Cardinals and a Dukedom born by the Family of Barberini Suaresius a French Man has published a particular account of it In the Roman times it had standing in it a Temple dedicated to Fortune and much resorted to upon the account of Lots Many of the Ruins thereof are yet apparent Palicenus a Fountain near the City Catania in the Island of Sicily where the Romans sacrificed to the Dii Palisci Palimban a City in the Island of Sumatra in the East-Indies Palmela a Town near Sâ—â—uval in Portugal Palma la Pova a strong and fortified City in Friuli in Italy under the Dominion of the States of Venice built by them in the Year 1593 in the Confines of their Territories and those of Austria eleven Miles from the Shoars of the Venetian Gulph and fifteen from Goritia to the North-West Dr. Brown who saw this place saith It is the largest Regular Fortification I have seen having nine Bastions bearing the Names of so many noble Venetians The Ditch is thirty paces broad twelve deep and is kept dry in order to make the place the more healthful but it may be filled upon occasion It has three Gates and about an hundred Cannon always mounted and there are many more upon occasion In the Centre of the Town there is a Well and over it is fixed a Standard The Venetians believe this the strongest Fortification in the World But the Doctor wisheth they may never know a Compleat Turkish Army before it when they are in no good condition to relieve it Travels pag. 84 85. Palma or la Palma one of the Canary Islands in the Atlantick Ocean twenty six Leagues in compass Conquered by the Spaniards in 1491 and now well inhabited The principal Town of it is Santa Cruz de la Palma There is a Volcanoe Mountain in this Island which in Nov. 1677. raged with a mighty vehemence accompanied with Thunder Earthquakes and Rivers of Fire Palma the same with Zadaon La Cividad di las Palmas Palmarum Civitas the principal City of the Island of Canaria which has an Harbor on the Atlantick Ocean and is placed on the East side of the Island Sometime called Canaria but Palmas is its true Name and it is under the Spaniards Palmyra an ancient City of Syria near the Arabia deserta the Capital heretofore of the Kingdom and Country of the Palmyreni and the See of an Archbishop The Emperor Adrian augmented it and called it Adrianople Some now give it the name of Amegara and others Faid Palipoli Celendris a City of Cilicia in the Lesser Asia which is a bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleâ—cia and has a tolerable Haven Palos de Moguer Palus a small Town in Andaluzia at the mouth of the River Odiel Luxia or Tinto as Baudrand explains the Latin Name in another place upon the Bay of Cadiz fifteen Leagues from Sevil to the West and nine from the Mouth of the Guadiana to the East in a declining State From this Town Columbus set Sail in 1492 when he went to discover America Palotta Paloda a Town in the Lower Hungary in the County of Alba Regalis near the Confines of Austria and about three Miles from Alba Regalis to the North which was in the Hands of the Turks till 1687. And then taken by the Imperial Forces after the Battel of Mohatz Palus Maeotis a great Gulph or Marsh made by the Euxine Sea betwixt Europe and Asia having the Crim Tartary on the West Sarmatia Europaea or Moscovia to the North and Circassia to the North and East About six hundred Miles in Circuit and passable in some places by boats Now called Limen the Sea of Zabache and the Sea of Tana See Limen Pamiers Pamiae Apamiae Epaunum Fredelacum a City in the County de Foix which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Tolouse by the Institution of Pope Boniface VIII having been heretofore a part of the Diocese of Tolouse It stands near the River Ariege three Leagues from Foix to the North and nine from Tolouse A late Bishop of this Diocese has made it
who perished in one of them The Air of them is very mild and temperate the Soil is very fruitful and produceth whatever is needful to the Life of Man The Names of the principal of them are Mindano Peragoja Calamianes Mindora Tandaja Cebu in which Magellanes was slain Pintados Parraja Masbat Sabunra Matan Luban Capul Abilyo Banton Bâ—hol la Verde dos Negous and San Juan Philippo See Filippopoli Philippstadt Philippopolis a City in Sweden in Vermelandia a County of Gothland built in the Fens Twenty five Miles from the Lake of Wener and the same distance from Carlstad to the South-East Philippopolis an ancient City of Phaenicia in Syria mentioned in the Ecclesiastical Histories of Socrates and Sozomen upon the occasion of a Statue erected there in the Primitive Times of our Saviour Jesus Christ together with the Statue of the Woman he cured of an inveterate Bloody Flux by the touch of his Garment placed at his Foot The same Historians relating that an Herb of an unknown Species of so soveraign a Vertue as to heal all sorts of Diseases sprung up close by them and when the Emperor Julian the Apostate in the year 362. commanded them to be broken down and a Statue of himself to be advanced in their rooms a Fire from Heaven destroyed Julian's Statue Philipsbourg Philippoburgum a strong Fort or Castle upon the Rhine which before was called Vdenheim First walled in 1343. by Gebhard Bishop of Spire And afterwards took its present name from Philip Christopher de Soeteren Bishop of Spire who in 1615. refortified it for the defence of that Bishoprick George Count Palatine of the Rhine a former Bishop of Spire had built in this place in 1513 a noble Castle or rather Palace which was much improved in 1570 by Marquardus ab Hatstein another Bishop Being thus improved and made very considerable it was reduced by the Swedes in 1634. by Hunger Surprized by the Spaniards by a Stratagem in 1635. Taken by force by the French in 1644. The French bestowed very much during the time they were possessed of it in adding to the Fortifications but in the year 1676. the Duke of Lorrain retook it though the French came up with a great Army to relieve it By the Treaty of Nimeguen in the year 1679 it was consigned to the Bishop of Spire The French began the present War with the Siege of it and obliged it to surrender November 1. 1688. This Town stands three German Miles from Heydelberg to the South one from Spire to the North and three from Durlach Philips-Norton a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Wello near the River Froume The Philistines a part of the most antient Inhabitants of the Land of Canaan disposed along the Sea Coast towards the Borders of the Kingdom of Egypt whose frequent Wars with and Victories over the Israelites their taking and remitting of the Ark and all their valiant Actions at various times conquering and conquered with Sampson David Saul Ely c. are recorded in the History of the Old Testament Phocaea See Fogie Phocis an ancient City and Country of Greece betwixt Baeotia and Aetolia Honoured heretofore with the Cities Delphos Anticyra Cirrha the Mountain Parnassus and the River Helicon situated in this Country In the Year of Rome 399. and the hundred and sixth Olymp. the Phocenses pillaging the Temple of Apollo at Delphos and defeating the Locrenses their Neighbours in a Battel under Philomelus drew upon themselves the Vengeance of Greece to such a measure that a Holy War to punish their Sacrilege was presently commenced against them which tho the Athenians and Lacedaemonians became their Allies ended with the total rasure of the City Phocis in the Year of Rome 408. Olymp. 108. Phortskeim See Pfortsheim â—hrygia a Country of the Lesser Asia divided in ancient times into Phrygia Magna or Major and Phrygia Minor Phrygia Major lay betwixt Bithynia Galatia Pamphylia Lydia and Mysia It s principal Cities were Synnada and Hierapolis Sometime called Pacatiana Now as it is under the Turks Germian The other was famous for the Rivers Xanthus and Simois and the City Troy standing in it the ancient Troas being in this Phrygia contained by the general accounts This Phrygia had the name also of Hellespontiaca from its situation upon the Aegean Sea towards the Hellespont Piacenza Placentia a City of Lombardy of great Antiquity called by the French Plaisance It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bologna and the Capital of a Dukedom of the same name which ever since 1557. has been in the Hands of the Dukes of Parma It is a neat populous City said to have twenty five thousand Citizens within its Walls and to be five Miles in Circuit full of fine Buildings and blessed with an ingenuous Race of Men fit either for Arts or War One Mile from the Po forty from Milan to the East and thirty five from Parma to the North-East in a pleasant place surrounded with fruitful fields Meadows and Pastures having many Channels cut for the watering their Ground and the bringing in Merchandizes It has several Salt-Springs Mines of Iron plenty of Wine Oil Corn and Fruits of all sorts the best Cheese in the whole World is made here in great quantity Nor does it want Woods and Forests for Hunting so that all things considered it is one of the pleasantest situated Cities in the World and thought to have taken its name from thence It was one of the first Colonies the Romans setled in Gallia Cisalpina against the Gauls They fortified it so well that though the Insubres and Boii out of discontent Revolted and joined with Hannibal who made the Siege of this place one of his first Attempts yet he was not able to take it Nor had Asdrubal who followed him any better success so that Livy informs us this was one of the twelve Colonies which in the second Punick War saved Rome In the Year of Rome 553. Amilcar a third Punick General took this City with the help of the Gauls and in a great degree ruined it by Fire and Sword Caelius a Thuscan General not being able to defend it against the Siege of Cinna and Marius rather than he would be taken desired his friend Petronius to give him his sword in his heart who did so and afterwards executed the same to himself Spurina a Commander under Vitellius defended this City with great Gallantry against Cecina one of Otho's Generals who yet at last took and burnt it Anno Christi 69. In 269. M. Aurelianus received a great overthrow from the Marcomanni near it In 542. Totilas King of the Goths took it by a Siege which reduced them to the necessity of eating Mans Flesh About 1335. it fell first into the Hands of the Viscounts of Milan About 1447. they called in the Venetians and endeavoured to shake off the Dominion of the Milanese which had like to have ended in their Ruin the City being taken and sacked and a most cruel
Church-man very old when he came to the Crown Philip II. King of Spain obtained this Kingdom by force and a pretended Title in 1584. After whom Philip III. and IV. successively enjoyed it But in 1640. John Duke of Braganza who had a better Title encouraged by the unsupportableness of the Spanish Government to the Portugueze by an universal Revolt of the people in all parts ejected the Spaniards and assumed the Kingdom succeeded in it by two of his Sons the youngest of which Peter is now King of Portugal and the second of his Name Porzevera a River of Italy which falls into the Sea by Genoua Posega or Possega the Capital City of Sclavonia upon the River Oriawa eight Miles from the Save to the North thirty from Gradisca to the East it consists of about ten thousand Houses They are mean and small after the manner of the Buildings in this Country It is seated in a very fruitful Earth which produceth Fruits of all sorts of a more than ordinary size and gives its name to a County lying betwixt the Save and the Drave This Town fell into the Hands of the Turks under Solyman the Magnificent about 1544. together with Walpo and Quinque Ecclesiae and continued so till 1687. when the Turkish Army after the Battel of Mohats revolting from and mutinying against the Prime Visier their General the Garrison which was laid in this City to defend it of a sudden no Enemy being near them deserted and carried many of the Inhabitants with them and slew others Whereupon General Dunewalt who had then crossed the Drave to besiege Zygeth returned and took Possession of it without force or any opposition and immediately took care to secure it by raising new Works and Forts Four hundred Villages depend upon this City Posnan Posnam or Posen Posnania a City in the Greater Poland the Capital of a Palatinate called by the same Name built upon the River Warta amongst the Hills seven Miles from Gnesna to the West twenty from Franck fort upon the Oder to the East and as many from Wratislaw to the North it is little yet a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesna and has an excellent and well built Castle The Palatinate of Poznanskie is bounded on the West by the Marquisate of Brandenburg on the North by the Further Pomerania on the East by the Palatinate of Kaliski on the South by Misnia Poson See Presburg Potenza Potentia a City of Italy ascribed by Ptolemy to Lucania now seated in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples at the foot of the Apennine fifteen Miles from Acerenza to the North-West and eighteen from Venosa Venusia to the South This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Acerenza and now in a tolerable good condition Pothereus a River of the Island of Crete mentioned by ancient Writers as passing by the City Gortis or Gortyna there Potosi Potosium a great City in South America in the Kingdom of Peru on the South part of that Country in a Province called Los Charcas seated at the foot of a Mountain of the same Name and divided in two by a Rivulet from a Lake that stands about a quarter of a League off Eighteen Spanish Leagues from La Plata to the East eighty from the Pacifick Ocean to the East one hundred and sixty from Cusco to the South Mostly regarded on the account of rich Mines of Silver here discovered in 1544. by the Spaniards who built this City and call it an Imperial one which is since become one of the greatest richest and most populous Cities in America adorned with divers Magnificent Churches and Monasteries and inhabited by above twenty thousand people Spaniards Strangers Indians Moulates c. almost every one appearing in Gold and Silver Potton a Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Bigleswade bordering upon Cambridgesh Pouges a Village in the Province of Nivernois in France betwixt Nevers and la Charitè much frequented upon the account of two Medicinal Springs at it which have long been in great esteem for the curing of the Dropsie Pouligny or Poligny Polichnium a Castle in the Franche Comté which was heretofore a place of great strength It stands seven Leagues from Dole to the South Poulton a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Amounderness upon the River Irwell Powhatan or James River the principal River in Virginia dividing that Country by the middle It denominates an Indian Kingdom there in which Captain Smith in his Voyages made large Discoveries The Capital Town of it was Pomeiok Powis or Powisland a Sovereign Principality in the former times in Wales whereof Mathraval in the County of Montgomery was the Capital Pozzuoli or Pozzuolo Puteoli Dicaearchia a City of Italy in the Province of Campania built by the Samians and called Flavia by Vespasian now in the Terra di Lavoro a Province of the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Naples It stands upon an Hill by the Shoars of the Tyrrhenian Sea upon which it has a large and safe Haven and a Bay of the same name eight Miles from Naples to the West There are within the bounds of this City thirty five natural Baths which have their different sorts of warm Water wonderously useful for the Cure of several Diseases This City was the place to which the Roman Emperours retreaed for the most part for their divertisement and pleasure at this day a great populous fine City in which the Spaniards have built a Cittadel There are very many Roman Antiquitios and natural Rarities in it not easily to be found elsewhere Some Remains particularly of Caligula's Bridge of three thousand nine hundred Paces over the Gulph reaching from Pozzuoli to Bajae which he proudly passed and repassed in triumph Mr. Sandys in his Travels has largely described others of these Prague by the Inhabitants called Prag Praga Casurgi◠Marobudum Bubiemum the Capital City of the Kingdom of Bohemia an Archbishopric kinstituted by Pope Clement VI. and the Royal City or rather three Cities within one Wall which together make it undoubtedly the greatest City in Germany It stands upon the River Muldau called by the Inhabitants Vetaue a large rapid River covered by a Stone Bridge of sixteen great Arches seventeen hundred foot long and thirty five broad This City is divided into three parts the Old the New and the Little City The Old lies on the East of the Muldau very populous full of Buildings and in this the University was founded by the Emperor Charles IV. about the year 1370. 2. The New is very large separated from the former by a large Ditch or Trench 3. The Klein Seitten or Lesser Prague for pleasantness beauty of Buildings and fair Palaces far exceeds the other two this lies on the West of the Muldau in this is the Royal Palace the Cathedral Church dedicated to S. Veit built by S. Wenceslaus Duke of Bohemia in 923. The Circuit of the City is very great
of great Capacity secured by the Island of Lacroma The City out of which this sprung was called Epidaurus from its Founders six Miles more to the East where the place of its ruins is called Ragusi Vecchio the Old Ragusa It did pay a Tribute of twelve thousand five hundred Hungarian Duckats to the Grand Seignior but had several Privileges in recompence by way of Trade and ten Colonies in Servia Bulgaria and Thrace besides so that this was no hard Condition Yet in 1686. they sent Ambassadors to the Emperor and desired to be received into his Protection About the Year 1634. and in 1667. this City suffered much by an Earthquake The Territory of Ragusano belonging to it is about a hundred Miles in length from the North-East to the South-West but not above twenty five Miles broad having only two or three Towns more in it Granted to this City by Stephen King of Bosnia in 1333. Long. 42. 52. Lat. 42. 50. The Senate of this Republick is constituted of sixty Senators under one Rector or Duke of whom and of their liberty they are so exceeding jealous that our Accounts tell us they change him every month not suffering the wearing of a Sword or a Mans lying from his own house without advising the Senate nor opening the City Gates above three or four hours in the day in Summer and in the Winter the half thereof and for strangers especially Turks they secure them all the Night in their Lodgings They fear the Turks hate the Venetians honour the Pope Emperor and King of Spain and pay tribute to all Il fume di Ragusa Hirminius a River on the South of Sicily so called from a Town it washeth it falls into the African Sea between Camerino to the West and Cape Passaro to the East sometimes called il Mauli Raithe a desart near the Mountain Sinai in the Stony Arabia or as others place it in the Kingdom of Egypt much visited and inhabited by the religious Anchorites of the 13th Century Rain Raina a strong Town in the Dukedom of Bavaria in the Borders of Schwaben at the Confluence of the Lech and the Danube two German Miles from Donawert to the East and a little more from Newburgh Often taken and retaken in the Swedish War and now rebuilding § There is another Town of the same name in Stirïa in the Borders of Carniola and Croatia upon the Save twenty five Miles from Cilley to the East and twenty two from Metling to the North. Rakouick Raconicum a City of Germany near the River Miza seven German Miles from Prague to the West thirteen from Egra and seven from Litomierske or Leutmeritz Rama or Ramia the name of the Kingdom of Bosnia in the Royal Title of the Kings of Hungary which has been used by them ever since 1138 when Bela Caecus King of Hungary Possessed that Kingdom or at least a part of it There is still a River in that Kingdom of this name which falls into the Narenta and gives the same name to a small Territory as it passeth Rama or Ramatha a City of the Tribe of Ephraim afterwards a part of Samaria now called Ramola by the Turks It stands ten Miles from Joppe to the East and thirty from Jerusalem almost entirely ruined Ramoth or Ramath-Mispeh as it is written Josh 13. 26. was one of the three Cities of Refuge appointed by Moses in the Case of accidental Manslaying Deut. 4. 43. It belonged to the Tribe of Gad standing near the Mountain and in the Territory of Gilead in the Region of Trachonites in Palestine as the Romans named that Country Rampano Biandyna a Town formerly now only a Castle on the South of the Morea at the Mouth of the River of Eurotas It gives name to a Bay formerly called Sinus Laconicus now the Gulph de Castel Rampano on the East of Cape Malio Ramsey Limnos a small Island in the Irish Sea called by the Welsh Lymen It lies upon the Coast of South Wales three Miles from St. Davids § Also a Market Town in Huntingdonshire in the Hundred of Hurstington towards Cambridgeshire near a meer of its own name and another called Whitlesey each affording plenty of Fish and Fowl together with the Rivers watering them It stands amongst the rich grounds of the Fens and had heretofore an Abbey of vast wealth to boast of till its dissolution by King Henry VIII Ranals Ocetis one of the Isles of Orkney ten Miles from the Coast of Scotland Rangnitz Ragnitia a City in the Kingdom of Poland in the Ducal Prussia upon the River Russe in the Borders of Samogithia sixteen Polish Miles from Komingsberg to the East Under the Elector of Brandenburgh Raolconda a City in the Kingdom of Golconde in the Hither East-Indies on this side the Bay of Bengala five days journey from the City Golconde Raon a River of Germany which falls into the left Branch of the Moselle Raperswyl Rapersvilla a Town in Switzerland which has a very ancient Castle on the Lake of Zurich between it and the Upper Lake five German Miles from Zurich to the North-East So seated that it is only approachable by a Timber Bridge and having been taken in 1458. by the Swiss though often attempted could never be recovered out of their Hands Rapin Rapidus a small River in Lorain Rapin a Town and Earldom in Germany of the same name eight Miles from Havelberg to the East and nine from Berlin to the North. Rapoe Rapa once a City now a Village in the Province of Vlster in the County of Dungal which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Armagh but united to that of Derry from which it stands twelve Miles to the West forty from Dungal and forty five from Armagh to the South-West Rapolla Rapalla or Rapello a small ill-peopled City in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples twenty Miles from Conza to the East It was anciently a Bishops See but in 1528. Pope Clement VII united this See to that of Melfi for ever § There is another Town and a Bay upon the Coast of Genoua of this name Raschit the same with Rosetto Rascia the same with Servia a large Province under the Turk or rather a part of that Province as others say which takes its name from a River that passeth through this District into Moravia The principal Towns of it are Belgrade Semendria and Columbach Brietius cited by Baudrand saith this was once a distinct Kingdom I am sure the Rascians have suffered very much in the present War and when the Turk in 1687. deserted Possega they put some thousands of these Rascians to the Sword for resusing to go with them and Plundred all the rest These were the ancient Scordisci Raseborg Raseburgum a small City in Finland under the Swedes in the Province of Nyland which has a large Haven on the Bay of Finland and seated on the Borders of South-Finland Rasen Market a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Walshcroft so called for its
West The Dukes of this Province were next Novograd in the greatest Esteem of any in this Kingdom till John Basilovitz in 1565. totally extirpated the Family and since that time it has been given to the second Son of the Czars Rotenburg Rotenburgum a City of Franconia in Germany upon the River Tauber niâ—e German Miles from Norimburg to the West and a little more from Wurtsburg to the South Made a Free Imperial City by Frederick Lin 1163. There is another Town of the same name in Schwaben upon the Neckar one Mile from Tubingen to the West which is under the Emperor Roterdam Roterdamum a great strong rich polous City the Capitalos the Province of Schielandt and one of the most celebrated Sea-Ports in Holland It stands on the North side of the middle Branch of the Rhine four German Miles and an half from the Sea and eight from Amsterdam to the South-West Trithemius saith it was built in 89. by Ratherius the twentieth King of the Franks Erasmus the great Restorer of Learning was born in this City They have taken care to preserve the memory of it by an Inscription let upon the House and placed his Statue on the Bridge besides which was erected in 1564 and very injuriously treated by the Spaniards in 1572. The greatest convenience of this Town is that Ships of great Burthen are taken into the middle of many of the Streets without difficulty their Channels being deep and large It was small when the Spaniards were ejected and therefore not mentioned as to the time of its conjunction with the States Rother a River which ariseth in Sussex and passing between it and Kent falls into the British Sea at Rie Aâ—pledore in Kent is seated upon it And Oxâ—ey-Isle encompassed with it Rotherham a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Strafford upon the River Dun over which it hath a fine Stone Bridge Of note for giving Name and Birth to Themas of Rotheram Archbishop of York one of the Founders of Lincoln College in Oxon who expressed his kindness to this Town by founding likewise a College in it with three Schools for Grammar Writing and Musick Rothsaye a Castle in an Island in Dunbritton Fyrth or Bay on the West of Scotland which has annexed to it the Title of a Dukedom and belonged heretofore to the Prince or Eldest Son of the King of Scotland It is said the Royal Family of the Steuarts came at first from this Castle which was their most ancient Seat Rothwell or Rowell a Market Town in Northamptoâ—shire The Capital of its Hundred Rota Ebora a Castle in Andalusia upon the Bay of Cadiz at the Mouth of the River Quadalquivir three Leagues from Cadiz to the North mentioned by Strabo Mela and Stephanus as one of the Cities in that part of Spain Rotta Rutuba a small River in Liguria in Italy which riseth out of the Appennine and flowing through the County of Nizza and dividing it from the States of Genoua falls into the Mediterranean Sea at Vintimiglia Rotwyl or Rotweil Rubea villa Rotevilla a small but Imperial and Free City in Schwaben in Germany upon the Necker under Mount Abenow from which it stands three Leagues to the South ten from Brisach to the East and six from Schafhouse to the North. In this City Conrad III. Duke of Schwaben in 1147. instituted a Chamber of Justice for that whole Dutchy It has its Name from Rott a German word which signifies a Troop built at first on the opposite side of the Necker and removed to the place it now stands in upon the account of frequent Inundations In 1643. it was taken by the French Monsieur Guebrande the French General died in the City soon after of the Wounds he had received in the Siege by the Treaty of Munster it was restored to its former state and is united now with the Swiss Cantons for its Preservation Roucy a Town of France in Champagne upon the River Aisne giving its Name and the Title of Earl to an Honourable and Ancient Family there Rouen See Roan Rovergue Rutenensis Provincia a Province in France under the Generalite of Gascony bounded on the South by Languedoc on the East by Givaudan on the North by Auvergne and on the West by Quercy the Capital City of it is Rodez Ville Franche de Rovergue is another principal place Caesar and Lucan mention its old Inhabitants by the Name of Rutheni The Riches of it consist in Cattel and Wooll Mines of Iron Brass Allum Brimstone c. It is watered by the Tarn the Lot the Aveiron c. Rovigo Rhodigium a small City in Italy heretofore under the Dukes of Ferrara but now under the Republick of Venice and the Residence of the Bishop of Adria from which it stands twenty Miles to the West and twenty five from Ferrara to the North the same from Padoua to the South The Learned Caelius Rhodiginus was a Native of this City It is the Capital of Rovigno a small Province in Lombardy surrounded by the River Adige which was anciently a part of Romandiola but in 1500. in the disorders of Italy seized by the Venetians Rousillon See Rosillon Roxburg Marchenium or Marchidun a strong Castle both by its Situation and Art seated upon the Twede where it receives the Trefe almost twenty English Miles from Berwick to the West James II. of Scotland a â—rince of great Virtue and Goodness was slain at the Siege of this Place by one of his own Cannon which accidentally broke in firing it against the Castle in 1459. The next year the Castle was surrendred to the Scots who intirely ruined it in revenge of the Death of their Prince so that it can searce now be seen where it stoâ—d Royan Royanum a Town in Saintonge at the Mouth of the Garonne heretofore strongly fortified Royaumont an Abbey in the Government of the Isle of France eight Leagues from Paris towards the River Oise which in 14â—9 suffered much by Thunder and Lightning Roye a considerable Town in Picardy adorned with a Collegiate Church and some Religious Houses upon one of the Sources of the Moreuil It gives Name to an Honourable Family also Royston a Market Town divided betwixt Cambridgeshire and Hartfordshire at the bottom of an Hill in the Hundred of Odsey Rubicon See Pisatello the Modern Name Rudolfswerd Rudolphi-verda a new and very strong City in the Borders of Carniola upon the River Gurk three Miles from the Save to the South six from Cell and five from Carolstadt to the West Ruffach Rubeacum a small City in the Vpper Alsatia in the Territory of Mundat upon the River Rottback once an Imperial and Free City but taken by Turene in 1675. after a great Defeat of the Imperialists and now under the Bishop of Strasburg It is one of the ancientest Towns in Alsatia and was for the rare fertility of its Soil for five hundred years the Seat of some of the Roman Nobility Conradus Pellicanus was
to the North now also sometimes called Lamia Scalambri or Scaramis Caucana a ruin'd City and Port on the South of Sicily near Cape Passaro the most Eastern Point Scalona Ascalon a City in the Holy Land on the Mediterranean Sea between Azotus to the North and Gaza to the South eighteen Miles It was one of the Regal Cities of the Philistines after this it was a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem now reduced to a poor Village and a few Cottages as Leunclavius saith and the See is united to that of Bethleem Scamandro Scamander a small River in Phrygia in the Lesser Asia mentioned by Homer It falls into the Archipelago near Cape Janisary at the very entrance of the Hellespont North of the New Dardanells The River ariseth out of Mount Ida and has but a short Course Scandalor Pamphylia a Province in the Lesser Asia Scanderone Alexandria a City of Syria call'd by the Italians Alexandretta heretofore a Bishop's See and a celebrated Sea-Port at the Mouth of the River Belum now Soldrat upon the Bay of Laiazzo Issicum fifty Miles from Aleppo to the West twenty five from the Consines of Cilicia to the East The beginning of it is owing to a Castle built by Alexander the Great for a retreat whilst he besieged Tyre at the distance of four or five Miles from Tyre upon the same Coast to the South A Castle which Alexander called by his own name but time and corruption first changed it to Scandalion and now to Scanderoon Pompey destroy'd it in his Conquest of Phoenicia And in 1116. Baldwin I. King of Jerusalem whilest be besieg'd Tyre as Alexander had done before rebuilt it from which time it became a strong place an honourable Government and a safe retreat to the Christians during their possessions in the Holy Land Now saith Baudrand there is scarce any mention of it remaining except a few Cottages for the use of the Merchants and a Stone-House for the Captain of the Janisaries who collects the Grand Seigniors Customs But I have been informed by some Masters of Ships that have been there that this Place of late years is much improved by the Trade the English and Dutch drive in it Long. 68. 00. Lat. 38. 10. Scandinavia a vast Peninsula in the North of Europe containing the Kingdoms of Sweden Norway and Lapland Scandia or South Gothland by some Geographers is represented as the Southern part of it and Lapland the most Northern Scania See Schonen Scarborough a strong Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Pickering not very large but well built and inhabited standing to the Sea with a convenient Port for Trade upon a craggy steep and almost inaccessible Rock which the Sea washes on all sides but the West where the passage is narrow yet hath a strong Wall to secure it This Rock upon the top of it presents us with a fair Plain of sixty Acres of ground a Castle Royal garrisoned and a Spring of fresh Water Formerly a high stately Tower stood upon it which served as a Landmark to Ships at Sea but this in the last Civil Wars was demolished Scarborough besides is made a noted place by its Spaw and the Herring Fishery upon its Coasts Between which and Whitby to the North lies the Bay of Robin Hood the famous Robber in the Reign of K. Rich. 1. It hath the honour to be a Corporation also represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons Scardo Scardona a City ascribed by Ptolemy to Liburnia now in Dalmatia and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Spalato ever since 1120 called by the Sclavonians Scardin It is now but small lies upon the Adriatick Sea near the Lake of Prochlian at the Mouth of the River Titius and has a small Castle on an Hill in the Hands of the Turks This Place was taken by the Venetians and ruined in the year 1570. After this the Turks repossessed it and were re-expelled by the Venetians in 1647. In 1683. the Morlaques of Croatia drove the Turks away from it and garrisoned it Baudrand placeth it thirty five Miles from Zana to the East and nine from Sibenico to the North and saith the Venetians bought it of the Wayvode of Bosnia in the year 1411. for five thousand Duckats of Gold Scardonia an Island of Dalmatia mentioned in the Writings of the ancients but now unknown Scaren Scara a small City of Westrogethia a Province of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal and heretofore the Seat of the Kings of Gothland but now in a declining Condition it stands ten Miles from the Lake of Venner to the South and twenty from Falcop to the North. Scarlino Scapris vel Scabris a Town in Italy in the Territory of Siena and Principality of Piombino ten Miles from Massa to the South Before which was slain the famous Strozzi Prior of Capoua in the French Quarrel Scarpanto Carpathus an Island near Rhodes betwixt that and Candia in the Archipelago towards the Coast of the Lesser Asia belonging to the Turks It had heretofore four considerable Cities which are now reduced to one of the same name with it self but half ruined The former Knights of Rhodes or Malta as they are now called fortified it so as to reap great advantages by it both over the Sultans of Egypt and the Turks its situation rendring it considerable in relation to Egypt and Syria The present Inhabitants generally follow the Greek rites The Mountains have been thought to contain Mines of Gold and Silver but none have hitherto undertook to open them The Soil yields plenty of Wine and Fruits and here are delicate Patridges Scarpe Scarpa a River in Artoise it ariseth three Leagues above Arras and watering it and Douay and dividing Hainault from Flanders falls into the Schelde near Mortagne a great Town in Flanders six Leagues above Tournay to the South-West Scarsdale a Dale or Valley in Derbyshire encompassed with Rocks and Mountains according to the sense of the word Scaâ—re in the Saxon Language signifying a Craggy Rock It contains one of the parts into which the County is divided Chesterfield stands in it And K. Charles I. did it the honour to make an Earldom of it in the Person of Francis Leak Lord Deyncourt of Sutton created Earl of Scarsdale in 1645. which Title descended to his Son Nicholas and now is enjoyed by his Grandson the R. H. Robert Leake Scatono a small Town in the Province of Toscana in Italy near a Lake Noted upon the account of certain stones found thereabouts which do not Calcine by fire Scenitae see the Bedovins of Arabia Schaffhausen Probatopolis Scaphusia Schafusia a City of Switzerland called by the French Schafhouse the Capital of one of the Cantons It stands upon the Rhine four Miles beneath Constance to the West two beneath the Lake of Zell or das Zeller see as the Germans call it six from Basil and four from Zurich to the North. This is
Tribe of Ephraim The same which S. John calls Sychar John 4. 5. standing near the Well where our Saviour discoursed the Samaritan Woman It is mentioned in Abraham's time for the place of his abode Gen. 12 6. Afterwards for the Sepulchre of Joseph and the Inheritance of his children Josh 24. 32. For the Election of Rehoboam King of Israel here by all Israel 2 Chron. 10. 1. and upon other Occasions Now called Naplouse Neapolas and New Samaria The High Priest of the present Samaritans resides at it Sicily Sicilia Sicelia Trinacria Sicania Triquetra a very great Island in the Mediterranean Sea at the South West point of Italy Thought by some Ancients to join originally with Italy as part of the continent and to have been separated from it by the stormy Powers of the Ocean It lies in the form of a vast Triangle from whence some of its names are derived having three great Capes Pelorum now Faro to the North-East towards Italy Pachynus now Passaro towards the Morea and the South-East and Lilybaeum now Cape Coco to the West Threehundred and eighty Miles from the Morea one hundred from Africa one hundred and seventy from Sardinia and from Italy a Mile and a half It s North side is two hundred fifty five Miles its Southern one hundred and ninety and the Western one hundred fifty five as Cluverius saith who measured the whole Island It is now divided into three Counties Val di Domoni to the North Val di Noto to the South and Val di Mazara to the West The ancient Cities of greatest power were Syracusa now Syragosa Panormus Palermo Messina and Messana of which the two last retain their former Dignity The other Cities are Gergenti Calatagirone Catania Cefalu Trapano Mazara Monreal Noto Patti Sacca and Terra Nova It is wonderfully fruitful as to Corn and Wine therefore called by Cato The Granary of the Common-VVealth and Nurse of the People of Rome Abounds also with Cattle Sheep Honey Wine and Oyl In ancient times it had seventy three Free Cities in the time of the second Punick War it had sixty six We have only Fabulous accounts who were the first Inhabitants but certainly the Phoenicians have been here and were expelled by the Greeks who not well agreeing amongst themselves drew over the Carthaginians to their common ruine The Romans followed not long after and in the year of Rome 494 two hundred and fifty six years before the birth of our Saviour made themselves Masters of it it being the first Province they possessed out of the Bounds of Italy In the mean time Dionysius Agathocles Hiero and Pericles advanced themselves to an Absolute Tyranny here by the use they made of their Victories It continued under the Romans till the Reign of Justinian then the Vandals under Gensericus in 439. and 440. for some time became Masters of it who were expelled by Bellisarius in 535. Having been miserably spoiled by the Emperor Constans in 669. it fell into the Hands of the Saracens who plundered it as they did several times after and left it Leandro Alberti faith that in the Division of the Empire between Charles the Great and Nicephorus Emperor of the East about 800. Sicily Calabria and Apulia fell to the Emperor of Constantinople and that it continued under them till the times of Nicephorus Thomas However we find the Saracens in 910. after a great Naval Victory became Masters of Calabria Apulia and Sicily Leandro placeth this in 914 and saith the Greeks had part of Sicily still In 1035. the Saracens were still possessed of part of Sicily but as Leander saith they and the Greeks too were expelled by the Normans in the times of Michael Caliphates who reigned but one year about 1041. and 1042 by Gulielmus Ferebatus and not by Tancred as say others To this William succeeded as Counts of Calabria Roger I. by the Pope created King of Sicily he having taken the Pope Prisoner in the year 1139 William II. William III. and Tancred a Bastard opposed by Pope Celestine III who preferred Costanza a Daughter of Roger II. an ancient Lady a Nun and married her to Henry Son of Frederick Barbarossa and made him King of Sicily to whom succeeded Frederick II. his Son Then followed Manfredus his Natural Son but the Pope set up Charles Duke of Anjou against him in 1263. In 1281. upon Easter-day in time of Vespers whence the name came of the Sicilian Vespers the French were all massacred by the Sicilians by the Order of Peter III. King of Arragon who had married the Daughter of Manfred During this Interval this Crown had been offered to Richard Earl of Cornwal Brother to Henry III. King of England and he refused it From thenceforward it became inseparably united to the Kingdom of Naples and has ever since had the same fate to this day being governed by a Vice-Roy who resides at Palermo the present capital City of it Hoffman saith the Saracens were possessed of Palermo had their Admiral or General there from 827. to 1070 when they were finally expelled by the Normans to whom Pope Nicolas granted this Island on that condition in 1058. So that the Normans might perhaps expell the Greeks in 1042. and the Saracens in 1070. The Inhabitants forced the Spaniards in the year 1647. to recall all their Taxes This Island enjoyeth three Archbishops Sees Palermo Messina and Monreale about six or seven Bishops Sees and one University Catania Aetna is a known Mountain here Sicyon an ancient ruined City of the Peloponnesus of sufficient note in its time The Turks have built Vasilica upon the Ruins of it Sida Side a Maritime City of Pamphylia in the Lesser Asia upon the Mediterranean and the Borders of Isauria Honoured formerly with an Archbishops See In 385. a Council was celebrated at it under Amphilochius Bishop of Iconium Now in a condition of ruine and called diversly Scandalor Candelohora and Chirisonda Sidon See Seyde Sidmouth a Market and Sea-Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Budley of good account before its Port was choaked up with Sand. Siena Sena Saena Senae a City of Hetruria in Italy of great antiquity and a Roman Colony Seated in the Borders of the Dukedom of Florence thirty two Miles from that City to the South and an hundred and seven from Rome to the North. This City as Polybius saith in his second Book was built by the Gauls in the year of Rome 396. A. M. 3730. after the taking of Rome by Brennus and from the Senones one of their tribes took this Name In the fall of the Roman Empire it suffered very much from the Barbarous Nations and is said to have been rebuilt by Charles Martel The Inhabitants purchased their freedom of Rodolphus the Emperor and managed the same with various successes till 1555 when it was taken by the Spaniard and sold to the Duke of Florence in 1558. under whom it still is In 1459. it was made an Archbishop's See under Pope
Greek Christians who ever since the third Century have been planting their solitary Settlements here So that in the former Christian times this Mountain with Horeb had as many Chappels upon it as employed fourteen thousand Hermits to serve them but the Turks have reduced that number since The Israelites lay encamped a whole year about this Mountain Singara an ancient City in Mesopotamia near a Mountain of the same Name now said to be called Atalis It saw a severe Battel betwixt the Armies of the Emperour Constantius and Sapores II. King of Persia in 349. Singen two Villages upon Rocks almost inaccessible within a quarter of a Mile from one another in the Dukedom of Wirtemburgh in Schwaben in Germany near the Castle of Hoentwiel Sinopi Sinope a celebrated City of Paphlagonia in the Lesser Asia upon the Euxine Sea which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Amisum Seated upon a small River of the same Name having two Harbors Built by Macritius a Coan about the year of Rome 125 and fell not into the Romans hands till they had conquered Mithridates who had a Palace here After this it became a Colony In later times subject to its own Bishop from whom it was ravished by the Turks who call it Sinabe It has had yet the good fortune to preserve it self in a tolerable State under those devouring Enemies of Mankind Long. 64. 00. Lat. 45. 00. Valerius Flaccus intimates its ancient Splendor where he says Assyrios complexa sinus stat opima Sinope Diogenes the Cynick Philosopher was its Native Sinuessa an antient Roman Colony in the Campagna di Roma in Italy which Ptolemy calls Soessa and Livy Synope It became afterwards a Bishop's See but is now ruined and Rocca di Mondragone is built in the place of it Baronius refers the Council in 30â— that was held in the affair of P. Marcellinus to this City Sion Sèdunum a City ascribed by Pliny to Gallia Narbonensis now the Capital of Valais and called by the Germans Sitten It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Moutiers en Tarontaise in a pleasant Plain having only one Hill on the East side on which stand three Castles in one of them the Bishop resides There is a small River runs by it called Sitta which after falls into the Rhosne It stands fifteen Miles from Bearne to the South and fifty five from Geneva to the East The Bishop is the Sovereign of the City Earl of Valais and a Prince of the Empire who for his security is Leagued with the Seven Catholick Cantons of the Swiss the Pretensions of the Duke of Savoy to his Country having formerly occasioned long and bloody Wars The See did reside at Martigny in Chablais till the ruine of that Place and then it came to be translated hither Charles the Great about the year 802 bestowed these great Privileges upon this See Sion a Mountain and Cittadel in the ancient Jerusalem on which a part of that City was built The Knights of the Teutonick Order bore the name heretofore of the Order of our Lady of Mount Sion Sior Siorium a City in Asia the Capital of the Province of Semgad and Kingdom of Corea a Tributary Prince to the Kingdom of China It is seated sixty Leagues from the Southern Borders of that Kingdom upon a great River as Henry Hamel van Gorcum a Dutchman saith who lately published his Travels in this Kingdom This Kingdom lies to the North-East of China in a great Peninsula toward Japan and the Streights of Anian Sipbntum an old Roman Town in the Province called Capuanata in the Kingdom of Naples whose Ruines yet appear at the soot of Mount Gargano two Miles from Manfredonia It had the honour to be made an Archbishop's See but being by the Saracens in the eighth Century Earthquakes and other Misfortunes destroyed the See was removed to Manfredonia The Antients mention it under the several names of Sypus Sepius Sepus Sipontum and Sepuntum The Gulph upon the Adriatick Sea near to it took and retains its name Sirad Sirackz Siradia a City in the Greater Poland which is the Capital of a Palatinate of the same name It stands upon the River Warta six Miles from Vielun to the North twenty from Breslo to the East and forty five from Warsaw to the West Sirmish Sirmich or Zirmach Sirmis Sermium Sirmium a City of the Lower Pannonia in which Probus the Emperor was born Now called Szreim by the Natives and Sirmish by the Germans a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza and the Capital of a County called by its Name in Sclavonia It lies between the Danube to the East the Save to the South Walcowar to the North and Possega to the South This City stands fourteen German Miles from Belgrade to the West about two from the Save to the North and from Esseck to the South at the soot of Mount Almus Now by the Turks reduced to a mere Village formerly famous for two Arian Councils held under Constantius the Emperor one in 351. the other in 357. Socrat. l. 2. c. 25. Long. 43. 05. Lat. 45. 24. Photinus was then Bishop of the Place whom they deposed for a Sabellian In one they omitted the Word Consubstantial in the other they forbad both the Word and the Thing Le Siron Sirio Serio a River of Aquitain in France Situs or Sidrocapsa a City of Macedonia famous for its Silver Mines and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Thessalonica from which it stands fifty five Miles to the East towards Mount Athos Called in the latter Maps Sidrocapse but by Leunclavius Sirus Sisseg Siscia an ancient City of Pannonia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza Now a Village in Croatia with a Monastery seated upon the Save and the Colaps in the Borders of Sclavonia two Miles from Zagrab or Agram which has robbed it of the Bishops See Under the Emperor Sisteron Segâ—stero Segesteriorum Vrbs Sistarica an ancient City of Gallia Naâ—bonensis now a Bishops See in the Province of Provence in France great and populous built upon the River Durance where it receives the Buech in the Borders of Dauphiné twenty four Leagues from Orange to the East twenty six from Grenoble to the South and from Marseilles to the North-East Sittaw or Zitaw Setuja a City of Germany in Lusatia Sitten See Sion a City in Valais Sittia Cytaeum a City at the North-end of the Isle of Candy called Setia and Sitia which is a Bishops See small but very strong seated in a Peninsula and for the most part surrounded by the See it has a noble large safe Haven the Capital of a County and one of the four Cities of that Island but in Slavery under the Turks Siucheu a Territory in the Province of Nanquin in China Sixenne a Village upon the Borders of the Kingdom of Arragon in Spain famous for a Priory of the Order of S. John of Jerusalem sounded about the year 1188. by Queen
Sancha of Castile Wise to Alphonsus II. King of Arragon sirnamed the Chaste who after the Death of her Husband took the Habit her self in this House and divers Princesses with her She endowed it with large Revenues and a very considerable Jurisdiction to the Benefices and Cures whereof the Prioress at this day nominates and hath a Voice and Seat in the Provincial Chapter of Arragon The House is walled like a Fortress with a Noble Palace in it for the Residence of the Prioress who attains to her Dignity by the Election of the Religious They bear the name also of the Ladies of Malta as owing Fidelity and Obedience by Oath to the Great Master of the Knights of Malta from which though they substracted about the year 1470. to put themselves immediately under the Pope Yet in 1569. they returned again to it fearing otherwise to fall under the Spiritual Jurisdiction of the Bishop of Lerida The persons admitted must make proof of their quality as Ladies They wear a large Cross in white Silk upon their Breasts and in time of Office bear in their hands a Silver Scepter as the Badges of their Order Skeningrave a small Sea-Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire West from Mulgrave Castle The Seal-Fish appear in great Shoals about the Rocks here Skipton a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Staincliff and the Tract of Craven upon a Stream falling into the River Are. Skofde Skofda a small City in Westrogothia in Sweden Skye Skia an Island on the West of Scotland fifty Miles in length from East to West It lies about three Miles from the Shoars of Rosse to the West and has never a Town or City of Note Sladitza Osmus a River of Bulgaria The Sleeve the Sea between France and England or the Streights of Calais Slawkow Slaukovia a City in Bohemia in Moravia called by the Germans Austerlitz it stands five Miles from Olmitz to the South Sleaford a large well inhabited Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Flaxwell near the Head of a Stream of its own name falling into the Witham It shews the ruined Walls of a Castle which it had in former times Slego Slegum a Town and County in Conaught in Ireland on the Western Shoar Sleswick Slesvicum a City of Denmark heretofore called Hedeba and Slietory It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden and the Capital of a Dutchy of the same Name seated upon the River Sleie which falls into the Baltick Sea four German Miles from the Mouth of that River to the West between Flensburg to the North and Rensburg to the South sixteen Miles from Lubeck and Hamburg to the North. Its Bishoprick was instituted in 948. by Harald Blaâ—tland and extinguished in 1556. by Frederick II. King of Denmark Once an Imperial and Free City but now exempt and under the Duke of Holstein Gotthorp Long. 32. 45. Lat. 54. 55. The Dukedom of Sleswick Slesvicensis Ducatus is a part of the Cimbrica Chersonesus sometimes called South Jutland On the East it is bounded by the Baltick Sea on the South by Holstein on the West by the German Ocean and on the North by Jutland John Buno denies it to be any part of Holstein or Germany but saith it is a Fife of the Crown of Denmark Lotharius the Emperor created Canutus Duke of S' eswick King of the Vandals in 1130. Christian Son of Theodorick Oldemburg King of Denmark united this and Holstein to the Crown of Denmark in 1566. Christian IV. granted it to the Duke of Holstein in 1589. but as a Feudatary and Subject of the Crown of Denmark By the Treaty of Roschild in 1658. this Dukedom was declared a Sovereign State by the Procurement of the Swedes the Affairs of Denmark requiring then a Compliance with the Demands of that Victorious Nation But the Crown of Denmark taking the advantage of better times forced this Duke to become a Subject of Denmark again by a Treaty made at Flensburg in 1675. which last Treaty has been endeavoured to be rescinded and that of Roschild confirmed by the Swedes and other of the Northern Princes Slonim Slonima a small City in Lithuania in the Palatinate of Novogrod eight Polish Miles from that City to the South upon the River Sezura Sluczk Slucum a Town in Lithuania honoured with the Title of a Dukedom great and populous but for the most part built only of Timber upon a River of its own name It stands in the Palatinate of Novogrod fifteen Polish Miles North from the Borders of Polesia Constantine Duke of Ostrog in the Reign of Sigismund I King of Poland defeated three great Armies of the Tartars in a Fight of three days continuance near this place Sluys Slusa Clausulae a small but very strong Town in Elanders about one League from the Ocean four from Midleburg to the South-East and three from Bruges Taken by the Dutch in 1604. from the Spaniards and ever since in their hands Smaland Smalandia a County of Gothland under the Swedes between Westrogothia to the West Bleking to the South the Baltick Sea to the East and Ostrogothia to the North. The principal Places in it are Calmar Jonckoping and Wexsio Smalkalde Smalcalda a City in Franconia in Germany in the County of Henneneberg under the Duke of Hess-Cassel not above one German Mile from the River Werra four from Isenach and six from Erford to the North-West Particularly regardable on the account of a League made and confirmed here by the Protestant Princes in the years successively 1530. 1531. 1535. and 1537. against Charles V. Wherein besides thirty Lutheran Cities which had embraced the Confession of Ausbourgh the Kings of Sweden and Denmark the Dukes of Brunswick Pomerania and Wirtembourgh the young Marquess of Brandenbourgh the Elector of Saxony Landtgrave of Hesse and other Princes by times engaged and whereas the Pope had convocated what they desired a free Council at Mantoua these in their Assembly in 1537. whereat Luther and Melancthon assisted answered They would never consent to a Council out of Germany In 1547. Charles V. dissipated all the Forces of this League in one Campaign taking the Elector of Saxony and the Landtgrave of Hesse Prisoners But in 1552. having recruited themselves again they obliged Charles V. to conclude the Peace of Passaw whereby Lütheranism was authoritatively established in Germany Smolensko Smolentum one of the principal Cities of Poland and the Capital of a Palatinate It stands upon the Borysthenes in White Russia in Lithuania near the Borders of Muscovy Great and very strong surrounded by a Wall eight Cubits broad at the top strengthened by fifty two great Towers and a very strong Castle It contains about eight thousand Houses and was once much greater subject at first to a Russian Duke who was the Sovereign of it but conquered by Vitondus Duke of Lithuania in 1403. Casimirus II. King of Poland subjected it to that Crown in 1452. The Russ took it in 1514.
the West which by the Indians was called Anahuac that is The Land by the Water It extends from fifteen deg of Latitude to twenty six exclusively in breadth six hundred Italian Miles in length twelve hundred The Air is very temperate tho situate wholly in the Torrid Zone by reason of the frequent Showers which fall in June July and August their hottest Months in the year and also by reason of the Sea Breezes It is abundantly inriched with inexhaustible Mines of Gold Silver Brass and Iron has great plenty of Coco-Nuts Cochineel Wheat Barley Oranges Limons Figs Cherries Apples and Pears Cattle and Fowl but it has few Grapes and no Wine Their Seed time is in April or May their Harvest in October in the Low Countries they sow in October and reap in May. This Kingdom had Kings of its own from 1332 to 1520 about two years before which Francis Cortez a Spaniard entered it with eleven Ships and five hundred and fifty Men by help of which he sacked the Town of Pontonchon defeated by his Cannon and Horse forty thousand naked Indians who came to revenge this Injury and in 1531 took the City of Mexico Aug. 13. and put an end to the Indian Empire The Provinces of this vast Kingdom are 1. Panuco 2. Mechuacan 3. Mexicana 4 Tlascala 5. Guaxaca And the 6. Jucatan Governed by a Viceroy under the King of Spain who from this Accession to his European Dominions uses the Royal Stile of Hispaniarum Rex Spalatro Salo Salona nova Spalatum Palatium Dioclesiani a City of Dalmatia called by the Italians Spalato by the Sclavonians Spla It is very strong rich and populous and an Archbishops See seated upon the Adriatick upon which it has a large and safe Haven thirty five Miles from Sebenico Long. 40. 54. Lat. 44. 00. This City grew up out of the Ruins of Salona which stood four Miles more to the North. And in 1420 destroyed an Army of the Turks which was sent against it The Learned Mr. Wheeler in his Travels pag. 15. has given a large account of the Site of this City and a little lower pag. 19. of the City of Salona the Mother of Spalato The Emperour Dioclesian was a Native of Salona who building himself a Palace in this place whence the name Spalatro might be occasioned by an easie corruption the other Salona grew by time neglected It is commanded by a Fortress upon an Hill without the Gate in which the Venetians keep the lesser Garrison because they make sure of the Fortress of Clissa by which the passage lies out of Turky to Spalatro The Walls of Dioclesian's Palace you have yet standing and the little Temple which he built in the middle of it has become the Cathedral Church It is situated in a fruitful Country Spalding a Market Town in the division of Holland in Lincolnshire and the Hundred of Ellow upon the Weland Well built and traded though not far from the Washes Spandow Spandava a City in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh upon the River Havel where it entertains the Sprehe two Miles beneath Berlin to the West and about six from Brandenburgh to the East well fortified yet taken by Gustavus Adolphus in 1631. Sparta See Misitra Spenderobi Spenderobis Spenderovia a City of Servia called by the Turks Semender by the Hungarians Sendrew or Zendrew and Zendrin by the Italians Sandria It is a Bishops See thought to be Ptolemy's Singidunum and stands about six German Miles from Belgrade to the East upon the Danube fourteen from Temesware to the South The Turkish Governour of Servia resides for the most part in this City Taken in this War by the Imperialists amidst their other Conquests in Hungary and retaken by the Turks by storm Sept. 1690. Spilâ—by a Market Town in Lincolnsh in the Hundred of Bulling brook Spinola a Seignory in the Neighbourhood of Montferrat the Milany and the States of Genoua in Italy Honoured with the Title of a Marquisate Spire Spira Nemetes Noviomagus Nemetus a City of Germany called by the Germans Speyr by the French Spire by the Italians Spira It is a Free and Imperial City in the Upper Circle of the Rhine in the Diocese of Spire but not subject to the Bishop This great rich populous City is Free but under the Protection of the Elector Palatine and the Bishop under the Archbishop of Mentz It stands in the middle between Strasburgh to the South and Mentz to the North fifty German Miles from either and fifteen from Heidelberg to the North-West The Imperial Chamber which was first instituted at Franckfort in 1495 by Maximilian I. In 1530 was by Charles V. removed to Spire and has been ever since in this City Of old called Nemetum and in 1082. being so far by its then Bishop enlarged as to inclose the Village of Spire neighbouring upon it took the Name of Spire The Cathedral was built in 1011 by Conrade the Emperour in which are the Tombs of eight of the German Emperours to wit Conrade II. who gave the Town of Brunchsol and all the Territory of Brutingow to this Bishoprick about the year 1030 Henry III. his Son who finished the Cathedral begun by his Father Henry IV. Henry V. Philip Rodolph I. Adolp of Nassaw and Albert I. The Emperours which granted Privileges to this City were Charles IV Rodolphus I. Albert Lewis Wenceslaus Frederick III. and Maximilian II. Near it Philip the Suabian beat Oâ—ho the Saxon in 1202. In a Diet here held in 1526 the Peace of Religion was first established which when it was endeavoured to be Repealed in a second Diet here held in 1529 several of the German Princes Protested against the Repeal and were thence called Protestants Jesses the first Bishop was present in the Council of Cologne in 346. This City was taken by Gustavus Adolphus who demolished all its Out-works because he was not willing to spare so many Men out of his Army as were necessary for a Garrison to it by which the Germans the more easily recovered it in 1635. It received a French Garrison in Sept. 1688 who have demolished it since The Imperial Chamber consists of fifteen Counsellors eight Roman Catholicks and seven Protestants two Presidents a Roman Catholick and a Protestant and the Bishop as the Principal Judge In 1675. the Elector of Treves succeeded to the Bishoprick Spiritu Sancto Spiritus Sanctus a small City which is the Capital of a Prefecture in Brasil under the Portuguese Sixty Spanish Leagues from the River Januario to the North and fifty from Porto Seguro to the South § There is a River in the Kingdom of Monomotapa in Africa which discharges itself into the Aethiopick Ocean at Cabo de S. Nicolo of this name called by the Portuguese Rio de lo Spiritu Santo Spirlinga a small Town in Sicily which was the only place in that Island innocent of that bloody and infamous Conspiracy called the Sicilian Vespers Spirnazza Panyasus a River of Macedonia which falls into the Adriatick Sea
Sir William Cecil Lord Treasurer of England built it and Robert Lord Cecil his Son of the same office to K. Jam I much beautified it Theoskeposti the Grotto in the Island of Patmos in the Archipelago wherein S. John is said to have written his Apocalypse Thermia Ferma and Ferminea as the Italians call it Polyaegas an Island in the Archipelago towards Europe which hath a considerable City of its own name and a Castle and a Spring of hot mineral Waters not far from the Sea from whence it took the name of Thermia Thermodon the same with Pormon § The Ancients frequently mention a River in Scythia Europaea in the Country of the Amazons of this name also Thermopylae a Streight or narrow passage at the great Mountain Oeta and the Gulph of Zyton in the extreme Borders of the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia leading into Phocis in Achaia Now called Bocca di Lupo or the Wolf's mouth Of great fame in Antiquity for being maintained by Leonidas General of the Lacedaemonians with three or four hundred Men against a vast Army of the Persians under Xerxes Thespia an ancient City of Boeotia in Greece near the Mountain Helicon It has been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens But as it lies now under the Tyranny of the Turks a poor Village Thessalia a very considerable Province of Macedonia toward the South Bounded on the South by Achaia now Livadia on the West by Epirus on the North by Macedonia properly so called and by the Archipelago and the Bay of Thessalonica to the East The Capital City of which is Larissa now called Comenolitari by Castaldus and by Brietius Janna under the Turks It had in the beginning Kings of its own Next it became subject to the Macedonians and Romans It had Marquesses of its own in the latter part of the times of the Greek Emperors Bonifacius being made Marquess of Thessalia in 1210 whose Posterity possessed it till about 1380. When Amurath Conquered the greatest part of this Country and his Posterity still enjoy it It is incompassed by the Olympus Pindus Ossa and Oeta four great Mountains its Inhabitants were in the ancient Times so famous for their Chivalry that Philip of Macedon sought and obtained the Dominion of it chiefly on that account Very fruitful reasonably well Peopled and for the most part inhabited by Christians Thessalonica a great Maritim City of Macedonia the Metropolis of that ancient Kingdom called of old Thermae now Salonichi It has had the fortune to keep up something of its ancient Greatness and Wealth still an Archbishops See and a populous City defended by ancient Walls and a Castle and blessed with a large safe Haven The greatest part of its Inhabitants are Jews It stands at the foot of an Hill upon a small River at the bottom of a Bay called by its own name two hundred and twenty Miles from Durazzo to the East three hundred and fifty from Constantinople to the South-West and two hundred and thirty from Athens to the North. Long. 47. 50. Lat. 42. 10. S. Paul Converted it to the Christian Faith and wrote two Epistles to it about the year of Christ 52. Timothy was sent by S. Paul to instruct and confirm them in the same Faith In 390. Theodosius the Great slew seven thousand of its Inhabitants for a Tumult In 895. It was taken and sacked by the Saracens In 1423. it was sold to the Venetians In 1431. Amurath II. took it from them In the year 1688. the Venetians bombarded it till the Inhabitants submitted to the Contributions demanded of them Thetford Sitomagum Sciani a small but very ancient Roman Town in the County of Norfolk upon the little Ouse in the Borders of the County of Suffolk Twenty Miles from Norwich to the South-West seventeen from Ely to the East and eight from Bury to the North. This ancient Town was sacked by Sweno the Dane in 1004. and suffered more from them in 1010. About 1047. the Bishops See of the East-Angles was removed hither from Elmham Herebert the next Bishop removed in 1067. to Norwich The Conqueror in his Survey sound two hundred Houses soon after empty ever since it has been decaying yet it is a Corporation sends two Burgesses to Parliament and gave the Title of a Viscount to the Right Honourable Henry Bennet Earl of Arlington The Lent Assizes for the County are usually kept here Thiano a ruined City in the Province called Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples which had a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento Thibet Thibetum a Kingdom in the Asiatick Tartary between Tartary properly so called and the Desart Tartary to the North Indosthan to the South Tangut to the East and Mawaralnatharia to the West Of which there is little known but the Name Some make it the same with others a part of Turquestan Thienen Atheniensis Legio Tenae and Tillemontium is a Town of Brabant called by the French Tillemont upon the small Rivolet Geet which beneath Hallen falls into the Demere about six Leagues from Namur to the North and a little more from Brussels to the East Now a great Town and formerly of great Import and Trade as appears by this that her Walls have been thrice inlarged In the late Wars saith Guicciardin between the French Liegeois and Low Countries it has been much wasted and in part desolated though the Inhabitants enjoy great Privileges In 1578. this Place was ceded to Don John of Austria In 1635. taken by the French Thionville Divodurum Theodonis Villa a City in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh called by the Germans Diedenhoven It is a small but very strong Place and stands upon the Moselle four Leagues from Mets to the North nine from Trier to the South-West and about eleven from Montmedi to the East This Place was much beloved and frequented by Charles the Great as Eginhard saith He ordinarily assembled the Nobility and Clergy of his Estates here and particularly in 806 when he parted his Kingdom amongst his three Sons In 835. a Council at this City deposed the Archbishop of Rheims as Author of an attempt against the Person of Lewis the Debonaire K. of France whom the said Archbishop and his Adherents had deprived of Royal Dignity In 844. Charles the Bald assisted at another Council here In the latter Times it was often taken by the French who ever since 1644. have intirely possessed it the Peace of the Pyrenees confirming it to them Thorax a Mountain near the City Manissa in Lydia in the Lesser Asia The Christians of S. Thomas an ancient Church of the Eastern Christians about Goa Meliapour Cranganoor c. in the Hither East-Indies Which claiming its Establishment from the Apostle S. Thomas whose Body is pretended to be preserved at Goa keeps it self at an entire Independency from the Laws and Rites of both the Roman and Greek Churches whose several Founders it says were the Heads of the Churches of their own Foundations
celebrated here Tortosa Antaradus Orthosia Constantia a City of Phoenicia upon the Mediterranean Sea which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tyre between Balanca to the North thirty four Miles and Tripoli to the South twenty eight Now almost intirely deserted and ruined by the Turks Tosa Athiso a River of Milan which ariseth from S. Gothard's Mount and flowing South watereth Ocella and Vogogna then burieth it self in the Lake called il Lago Maggiore or Long-See Toscana Hetruria Thuscia Tuscia a very considerable Province of Italy containing the greatest part of the ancient Hetruria Bounded on the North by the Apennine on the West by the River Magra and the Tyrrhenian Sea on the South and East by the Tyber the Clain and the Marta It contains that space which made up the States of Florence Siena Pisa and Lucca but so that this last is still a Free State whereas the three former are subject to the Duke of Florence on which account this Country is frequently called the Dukedom of Florence The Capital of it is Florence For the History see Florence c. This Country was conquered by the Romans in the year of Rome 455. Toscanella Tuscia Tuscania Tyrrhenia Salumbrona an antient and considerable City heretofore in the Dukedom of its own name in Italy which was a Bishops See and gave all these Popes to the Church of Rome Eutichianus Paschal I. Leo I. John I. Lucius III. Leo VI. Boniface VI. and Paul III. It had been besieged sixteen times Now entirely ruined and its See united with Viterbo Totness a Corporation in Devonshire in the Hundred of Colridge upon the River Dart six Miles from the Fall thereof into the Ocean It had the honour to be an Earldom in the Person of George Lord Carew of Clopton Son of Dr. George Carew Dean of Windsor and Archdeacon of Totness created Earl of Totness by K. Charles I. in 1625 who dying without Issue K. Charles II. advanced this Place from an Earldom to a Viscounty in favour of his Son Charles Fitz-Charles Earl of Plymouth Toul Tullum a City of Lorain upon the Moselle five Leagues from Nancey to the West six from Bar le Duc and twelve from Mets to the South Made an Imperial and Free City by Henry I. But in 1652 fell into the Hands of the French It is also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Trier Charles the Bald King of France celebrated a Council here in 859. In 1515. and 1615. other Synods were held at this City Toulon Tolonium Tolenium Taurentium Telo a City of Provence in France called by the Italians Tolone It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Arles well fortified populous inriched by a large and safe Harbour and a great naval Magazine being the station for the Mediterranean Fleets of France It stands ten Leagues from Marseilles to the East and in an improving condition Henry IV. King of France walled it and added two Moles to the Port. Toupinambous Tupinimbae Toropinambartii Indians of Brasil in South America Touque Tolca a River of Normandy which watereth Lisieux and Pont l' Evesque and then falls into the British Sea Touraine Turonia Turones a Province in France in the Generalité of Orleans which is divided by the Loyre and honored with the Title of a Dukedom Little about thirty Leagues long and broad but very fruitful and well watered with the Loyre Cher Indre Indrois Vienne c. therefore called the Garden of France On the North it is bounded by La Maine on the West by Anjou and Poictou on the South by the last and le Berry and on the East by Blaisois The principal Places are Tours Amboise Chinon and Loches Tournay Tornacum a City of Gallia Celtica now in Flanders and called by the Natives Dornick It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cambray ever since 1559 having before been under the Archbishop of Reims and in more antient times about 623. united with the See of Noyon which continued till the year 1147. or 48. when Pope Eugenius III. at the Prayer of S. Bernard made it a separate Bishoprick This City stands upon the Schelde nine Leagues from Cambray to the North and ten from Gant to the South in the middle between Donay and Oudenard also between Valencienne and Courtray in the Borders of Hainault It is a very strong Place and has a noble Castle said to have been anciently built by the English It belonged to the Crown of France till 1521 taken by Charles V. In 1667. it was retaken by the French and has been ever since in their Hands by the Peace at Aix la Chapelle Antoninus mentions it in his Itinerary It hath besides the Cathedral ten Parishes ten Abbeys and divers Religious Houses In 1520. and 1643. Synods were assembled here There is a Territory belonging to it called by its Name Tournon Turnonium Taurodunum a Town in the Province of Vivaretz in France upon the Rhone adorned with the Title of an Earldom a Collegiate Church a College of the Jesuits and some Religious Houses Tours Turonâ—m Caesarodumâ—n Turones Turonium a great City in France the Capital of Touraine and an Archbishops See It stands upon the River Loyre which is there covered by a very long beautiful Stone Bridge On the other side it is washed by the Cher toward the South So that it stands between the two Rivers almost twenty four Leagues from Orleans to the West eighteen from Poictiers to the North and from Mans to the South A Place of great Beauty Clotild King of France died here in 537. And Carloman in â—85 Near this Place Charles Martell overthrew an Army of four hundred thousand Sarazens three hundred seventy five thousand of which perished in that Battel in 726 the Germans and Lombards joyning with the Francks Pope Alexander III. with Lewis VII King of France called le Jenue seventeen Cardinals a hundred and twenty four Bishops and four hundred and fourteen Abbots celebrated a Council here in 1153. against the Emperor The Protestants of France were first called Hugonots in this City Touvre Tolvera a famous Fountain and River in France in the Dukedom of Angoumois which falls into the Charente near Angoulesine Towcester a Market Town in Northamptonshire The Capital of its Hundred in a Valley upon the Banks of a small River running into the Ouse Mr. Cambden understands it to be the antient Tripontium to which three Bridges over so many streams of this River cutting through the Roman Port-way which shews it self often betwixt this Place and Stony Stratford assigned that Name In the year 917. the Danes besieged this Town in vain It is adorned with a fair Church The Tower of Babel The Prospects to the North and South of the Ruines of this famous Fabrick taken upon the Place by Petro della Valle are engraved by Kircher to whom he presented them in his Book Turris Babel written purposely upon them They are believed to be the Ruins of Babel
govern by the Sword Turquestan Some make this and the Kingdom of Thibet in the Asiatick Tartary to be the same Country Others describe it as a Province betwixt the Great Tartary and the Empire of the Mogul Tuver Tavera a City of Moscovy Tuxford a Market Town in Nottinghamshire in the Hundred of Southclay called commonly Tuxford upon Clay from the quality of the Soil it stands in Tuy Tude Tyde a City of Gallicia in Spain upon the River Minho six Leagues from its Mouth to the East twelve from Compostella and seventeen Bracara It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella but a small City Tweede Tuaesis Vedra Tueda a River which divides Scotland from England and falls into the German Ocean at Barwick Giving name to Tweedale a County in Scotland Tyana an ancient City of Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia at the foot of the Mountain Taurus famous for being the Birth-place of the Philosopher Apollonius called Tyanaeus from it It became in the Christian times an Archbishops See and in 365. a Council of the Oriental Bishops was celebrated at it Tyndaro Tyndarus a Town in the Island of Sicily in the Valley of Demone towards Petti which was formerly a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Syracusa But as Syracusa has been since reduced to a Bishoprick so has Tyndaro from a City become a Town Tyrconel See Tirconel Tyre Tyrus one of the most ancient and celebrated Cities of Palestine supposed to be older than the coming of the Children of Israel out of Egypt but certainly at the latest built in the year of the World 2693. two hundred and forty years before Solomon's Temple which is the account of Josephus It flourished and had the Trade of the whole Mediterranean Sea sent and settled its Colonies on all its Coasts as far as the Western Ocean yea as Britain and amongst the rest founded Carthage But when Jerusalem fell Tyre kept her company For Nebuchadnezzar took and burnt this City in the eighteenth year of his Reign Anno Mundi 3371. the year before he took Jerusalem Alexander the Great took and ruined it the second time after a Siege of seven Months in the year of the World 3618. Yet it recovered again and was in great repute during the Roman Empire and was an Archbishops See in the times of Christianity under the Patriarch of Antioch and afterwards of Jerusalem Adrian the Emperour having made it the Metropolis of Phoenicia About the year of Christ 641. after the Saracens had by a Siege of three years forced Caesarea to submit to them they became Masters of this City without resistance Damascus Antioch and Jerusalem being taken before Together with Jerusalem it returned under Christian Princes again about the year 1099. In 1111. the the Saracens in vain attempted the Recovery of it but in 1123. it was taken by them The Christians regained it and kept it till the year 1259. when the Tartars took it In 1263. the Venetians retook it In 1292. the Saracens finally prevailed and drove the Western Christians out of Syria This is now called Sour by the Turks and has some lovely Antiquities as Thevenot saith but no Inhabitants Long. 67. Lat. 33. 20. In the year 335. a Council here assembled by the order of Constantine the Great condemned Athanasius deprived him of his Bishoprick of Alexandria and banished him from that City In 448. Ibas Bishop of Edessa accused of Nestorianism was acquitted by a Council at Tyre and in 518. there was a third celebrated here Tyrnaw Tirnavia a small City in the Vpper Hungary in the County of Transchin upon a River of its own name called by the Germans Durn or Dyrne which has always been under the Emperour and is the common Residence of the Bishop of Gran being seated in his Diocese nine Miles from Comora to the North eight from Presburgh to the East and sixteen from Vienna Tyrone Tyronensis Comitatus the County of Tir-Oen or as the Irish call it of Thioroghain is in the Province of Vlster in the Kingdom of Ireland between the County of Antrim to the East London-Derry to the North and West and Fermanach and Armagh to the South There is no Town or City of any Note in this County which heretofore extended further to the West than now it doth a part of it being taken into the County of London-Derry Tzaconia the same with Laconia a Province of the Morea Tzebona a strong Town in Bohemia Tzorlich or Tzurulium or Ciarlo a City of Thrace which is a Bishops See almost in the middle between Constantinople and Adrianople Tzuconi a Kingdom of Japan V A. VAbres Vabrae Vabra Vabrincum Castrum Vabrense Vabrium a small City in Rovergue in France upon the River Dourdan at the foot of an Hill three Leagues from Rhodez to the South and four from the Borders of Languedoc Made a Bishops See in 1317. under the Archbishop of Bourges by Pope John XXII who converted its Benedictine Abbey into a Cathedral The Bishops enjoy the Title of Earls of Vabres Long. 23. 40. Lat. 33. 00. Vaferine or Vanferine a River of France which ariseth from the Valley of Chesieri in Bugey and separates the Territory of Michaille in that Province from Savoy then passeth by Bellegarde into the Rhone Vag Vagus a River of the Vpper Hungary which ariseth from the Carpathian Hills in the Borders of Poland and running North-West watereth Trenschin Freistadel Leopolstadt Schinta and Scheliz Between Comora and Presburgh falls from the North into the Danube Whilst Newheusel was in the hands of the Turks this was the Boundary on that side between the two Empires Vai Sabatium Vadum Vada Sabatia a Sea-Port on the Coast of Genoua five Miles from Savona to the North-West Vaison Vasio Forum Vocontiorum a City in Provence in the County of Venaissin upon the River Louveze and the ascent of a Hill four French Leagues from Orange to the North-East and ten from Avignon to the same It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Avignon In 337. a Council here assembled in the Reign of the Emperor Constantius received and added to the Gloria Petri the Verse following Sicut erat in principio c. In 442. and 529. we read of other Councils here Val des Choux a Priory in the Dukedom of Burgundy and the Diocese of Langres near Chastillon founded in 1197. It belongs to the Benedictines Val des Ecoliers an Abbey in the Diocese of Langres in France founded in 1212. by some Parisian Doctors for their retirement whose example drew the Scholars of the Vniversity of Paris in such numbers to the same life that their House was called the Scholars Valley and became the Head of a New Order Valckembourg a Town in the Dutchy of Limburgh in the Low-Countries two Leagues from Maestricht Taken by the French in 1676. and restored to the Spaniards in 1679. by the Treaty of Nimeguen The French call it Fanquemont § Also a small Town in the State
Champagne sixteen from Reims North and four from Marle South often mentioned on the account of a Peace here made between Henry IV. of France and Philip II. of Spain May 2. 1598. Uerâ—lam Verolamium an ancient Roman City and Colony mentioned by Tacitus and Ptolemy in Hartfondshire the Royal City of Cassibellanus a British Prince contemporary with Julius Caesar by whom this City was taken fifty two years before the Birth of our Saviour in his second Expedition into Britain In the year of Christ 66. it was taken and intirely ruined by Boadicia Queen of the Iceni and all the Romans put to the Sword yet it recovered again and flourished as long as the Romans continued in Britain and under Dioclesian had one famous Martyr called Albanus In 429 there was a British Synod held here by S. German Bishop of Auxerre in France against the Pelagians Soon after it fell into the Hands of the Saxons I suppose about 465. Retaken by Vthe Pendragon who began his Reign in 498. and Reigned eighteen years Again retaken by the Saxons and intirely ruined In 975. Offa King of the Mercians built on the other side the little River Ver which washed the Walls of it a goodly Monastery in Honour of S. Alban which after became a great Town K. James I. revived the Memory of this place when he made Sir Francis Bacon then Lord Chancellour of England Lord Verulam in 1620 who dying without Issue the Title failed but he yet honors the place by lying buried in a little Church near it Veruli or Veroli Verulum a City in Campania di Roma under the Dominion of the Pope which is a Bishops See and now in a tolerable condition upon the River Cosa forty eight Miles from Rome to the South and from Capua to the North sixty from Pescara West Vesere See Weser Vesle Vidula a River of Champagne which ariseth three Leagues from Chaalons to the East and watering Reims falls into the Aisne Vesoul Vesulum a small but neat City in the Franche Comté nine Leagues from Besanzon and thirteen from Beaucaire West Now in the Possession of the French Vesprin Vesprinum Vesprimium a City of the Lower Hungary called by the Inhabitants Vesprim by the Germans Weisbrun It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gran. The Capital of a County of the same name strong and populous and defended by a Castle Seated on the River Sarwize eleven German Miles from Gran South and five from Alba Regalis West This has been in the hands of the Emperour ever since 1565. Vesulus one of the Cottian Alpes betwixt Dauphine to the West and Piedmont to the East Now called Mont viso The River Po derives its head from it Vesuvius a Vulcanoe in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples eight Miles from the City Naples near the Castle of Somma from which last place the Italians give it the name of il Monte di Somma The particular times of its overflowing with stormes of fire are all recorded in History since our Saviour and the Reign of Augustus viz. in the years 81. 243. 421. 985. 973. 983. 1036. 1038. 1138. 1139. 1430. 1500. 1631 1660. 1682. Where the Intervals sometimes continue two or three hundred years at others not above one two and ten In its last rupture in 1682. Aug. 14. it covered the whole Dukedom of Massa adjacent with ashes of a nauseous odour and set on fire the wood of Otajano The twentieth it caused an Earthquake of three hours continuance which reached to Naples The twenty second it cast forth floods of smoak ashes coals attended with a roaring noise Flames Earthquake and Thunder the Flames ran from it unextinguished in the midst of vast storms of Rain filling Naples with Ashes And on the 24th it ended in a cloud of white ashes Before the Reign of Augustus we read of its ruptures five times The Elder Pliny was suffocated as he searched the causes thereof upon the place Veteravie See Weteraw Veuxin Vexin Velocasses a Territory in Normandy betwixt the Rivers Apte and Ardelle the Capital of which was Roan but now Gisors § There is another in the Isle of France of the same name between the Oyse and the Apte the Capital of which is Pontoise This for distinction is called Vexin Francois and the other Vexin Normand § There is a City of the same name in Gothland in the Kingdom of Sweden Vezelay Veseliacum Vizeliacum a City in the Dukedom of Burgundy in Auxerre upon the River Curez in the Borders of Nivernois ten Leagues from Auxerre to the South eighteen from Nevers to the South-East and five from Corbie in Picardy to which Province this City is now added P. Eugenius III. celebrated a Council here in 1145. for the recovery of the Holy Land Vgenti Vgento Vxentum a small City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples twenty Miles from Otranto to the North-West and eleven from Gallipoli to the East Long. 42. 28. Lat. 39. 56. Vgogh Vgoza a County in the Vpper Hungary towards the Tibiscus and the Borders of Transylvania The Capital of it is a Castle of the same name Two German Miles from Zatmar to the East and a little more from the Tibiscus W. Viana a City in Navarre upon the River Ebro thirteen Leagues from Pampelune and seven from Calahorra in Castile to the South-West Built by Sancius King of Navarre in 1219. In 1423. made a Principality by Charles III. and ever after given to the Prince of Navarre as his Title Viatka a City River and Province in Muscovy one hundred and twenty Miles from Cazan to the North. Viburg Viburgum a City in Sweden the Capital of Carelia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Riga one hundred and sixty Miles from Narva to the North upon the Bay of Finland on which it has a Haven and a strong Castle The Muscovites have several times in vain assaulted it Vicenza or Vincenza Vicentia Vicetia Vincentia a City in the States of Venice in Lombardy which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja a great strong City under the Republick of Venice upon the River Bachiglione Eighteen Miles from Padoua thirty from Verona East and from Feltria South Taken by Maximilian in 1509. Long. 33. 40. Lat. 44. 50. It was inhabited anciently by the Euganei The Gauls were Benefactors to it The Romans and the Lombards possessed it each in the times of their Power It fell to the Venetians not till after great revolutions and divers Wars The pleasantness of its situation gives it the Title of the Garden of Venice It is the Capital of the Territory of the Vincentine In 1583. and 1623. Synods were assembled here Vich Vicus Aquae Voconiae Ausa Nova Corbio a small City in Catalonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona Seated upon the River Tera twelve Leagues from Barcellone to the North and nine from Girone to the West In 1627. a Synod was
and in 1546. kept in it a Chapter of the Order of the Golden Fleece It had then 4 Collegiate Churches divers Abbeys and Ecclesiastical Houses But in 1577. they with the rest of Holland revolted from the Spaniards In 1559. it had been advanced to an Archbishoprick by Pope Paul IV. and nine Suffragan Bishops assigned to this See which was one of the occasions of the Revolt In 1636. it was made an University and in 1672. it fell for a short time into the hands of the French but is since returned to its former liberty the Learned Dr. Brown has given a short account of the present State of this City in his Travels Pag. 101. Long. 26. 26. Lat. 52. 10. The State of Vtretcht Sticht van Utretcht is the fifth of the Vnited Provinces Bounded South West and North with Holland and on the East by Guelderland Besides its Capital it has Wick the Seat of the Bishops Duerstede Rhenen Amersford and Monfort which are fortified strong places and about sixty great Villages Uulxin the same with Veuxin Uxbridge a large Market Town in the Coun. of Middlesex in the Hundr of Elt horn upon the River Coln Uzerche Vsarcha Vsarchia a Town in the Lower Limosin in Aquitain in France upon the River Vezere adorned with an Abbey and a Castle The Abbot is Lord of the Town Uzes Vcetia Vtica Vzetia Castrum Vseticense a City of the Lower Languedoc in France upon the River Eisent which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Narbonne and honored with the Title of a Dukedom by King Charles VI. after it had born the Titles first of both a Barony and a Viscounty The Bishop enjoys the Honor to be a Count and joynt Lord of the place with the King Therefore it hath three Castles for the King the Duke and the Bishop A rich populous and well traded City John de S. Gelais its Bishop in the last Age embraced the Reformed Religion and married an Abbess 't is said he abjured it again before his death and was buried in the Abbey of S. Maixant In 1635. there was a Synod held here It stands 3 Leagues from Nismes to the North and 6 from Avignon to the West Long. 25. 10. Lat. 43. 36. Vzeste a Castle in the Territory of Bazadois in Guyenne in France betwixt Bourdeaux and Bazas Remarkable for the Tomb of Pope Clement V. sometime Archbishop of Bourdeaux who was born at Villandrand a Village one League from this Castle died at the Castle of Roque-Maure two Leagues from Avignon in 1314 and was interred here in 1316. WA WAad Vaudum a Territory in Switzerland called by the French Le Pais de Vaud which was a part of the Dutchy of Savoy till 1536. and now subject to the Canton of Berne It is bounded on the South by the Lake of Lemane on the West by Gex and the Franche Comte on the East by Berne on the North in part by Berne and in part by Friburgh The Capital of it is Lausanne The other good Towns are Avenches or W 〈…〉 purg Yverdon Mouldon and Nyon It is sometimes written Vault Wadstein a Town in the Province of Ostrogothia in Sweden Die Wael Helium Vahalis Vacalos the middle Branch of the Rhine which divides from it at Schencken a Fort beneath Emmeren and watering Nimmeguen Tiel and Bommel falls into the Maes above Gorcum a City of Holland Waga Vagus a River in Scandia Wageren Wagria or Wagerlandt a small Territory in Holland towards the Baltick Sea between Lubeck to the South and Kâ—el to the North. The Cities of it are Lubeck Oldesto Pâ—oen Segeberg and Oldenburg which are divided between the King of Denmark the Dukes of Holstein and the Bishop of Lubeck Wainfleet or Waynfleet a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the division of Lindsey and the Hundred of Chandleshow upon a Wash in a fenny gound which empties it self into the Sea not far from hence Made famous by giving Name and Birth to William of Waynfleet Bishop of Winchester the Founder of Magdalen College in Oxon and of a Free-School in this Town Wakefield a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Agbridge upon the River Calder here covered with a fair Stone Bridge which King Edward IV. adorned with a â—â—â—ely Chappel It is a large Town well built of Stone of good Antiquity and drives the Cloathing Trade Walachia Valachia a considerable Province of the Kingdom of Hungary called by the Germans Walachey by the Turks Iâ—â—akia and by the Poles Wolochy It is a part of the antient Dacia and stands now divided into the Provinces of Walachia and Moldavia of the latter I have spoken in its proper place The former is bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Poland and Red-Russia on the East by Bessarabia on the South by Bulgaria separated from it by the Danube and by Moldavia which last also bounds it to the West It is much less than the Maps commonly make it also commonly misplaced and set where Moldavia should stand The History of it is delivered in Moldavia To which I shall only add here that after Mahomet IV. Emperor of the Turks was deposed and Solyman his Brother set up in his stead and that the Duke of Lorain had seized Transylvania the Prince and States of Walachia in 1687. and 88. rendered themselves under the Emperor's Protection upon condition That the Succession in the Government of that Principality shall be continued to the Heirs Male of the present Prince and the States be preserved in the Possession of their just Rights and Privileges paying to the Emperor the Annual Tribute of 50000 Crowns This Country extends from East to West 90 French Leagues from North to South 50 in form Triangular The Plains would be very fruitful if they were well cultivated but being little peopled much ravaged by the Turks and Tartars and lying in common they are over-run with Weeds for here is little or no Wood. The Mountains have rich Mines but they are as much neglected their Religion is that of the Greek Church The present Valvode is Matthis George Gista set up in 1658. by the late Sultan of the Turks Walcheten Valacria one of the Islands at the Mouth of the Schelde which compose the Province of Zeland in the Vnited Netherlands It s Capital City is Middleburgh New Walcheren the same with Tabago Waldeck Valdecum a County in Hassia between Westphalia to the West Hassia to the East and South and Paderborne to the North under a Count of its own yielding Wine Corn and several sorts of Mines The principal places in it are Curback and Waldeck which last stands upon the Eder 5 German Miles from Cassel to the West and 7 from Marpurg to the North. Walden a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Vttlesford upon an Eminence likewise called Saffron-Walden from its situation amongst pleasant and profitable Fields of Saffron Walderswick a Sea Town in the County of Saffolk and
Strasburg whilst that City was in the Hands of the Protestants Zabes a City of Transylvania upon the River Merish six Miles from Weissemburg to the South and twenty nine from Hermstadt to the West Called by the Natives Zas Zebes also and by the Germans Millembach Some suppose it to be the Zeugma of the Ancients Zacatecas or los Zacatecas a Province in New Spain betwixt New Biscay and New Galicia in South America Zaconia Laconia a Province in the Morea Zacynthus See Zante Zadaon Calipus a considerable River in Portugal called also Zadan It ariseth in the Borders of Algarve and running North watereth Alvalada Garcia de Minjuno and Alcaser and at Setuval six Leagues South of the Tajo falls into the Atlantick Ocean Zaflan a Lake in the Vpper Aethiopia with a Town of the same name under the Abyssines formerly but ravished from them by the Galla's or Gala's a neighbour Nation Zagathai Zagataia a considerable Country between the Kingdoms of Thibet to the East Persia to the South and the Caspian Sea to the West in Tartary in Asia Called also Vsbech Zagaya one of the modern names of the Mountain Helicon Zagrabia Sisopa Zagabria Soroga Vicus Italicus A City in Sclavonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza and the Head of a County of its own Name A place of great strength and well peopled It is near the Borders of Croatia forty five Miles from Vihitz to the North fifteen from Gradisca to the West and eleven from Cilley to the South-East upon the North side of the Drave This City and County has ever been in the Hands of the Germans who call it Agram The Bishops of it have the care of all Sclavonia Zagrus the Mountain dividing the ancient Media from Assyria in Asia through which some pretend that Semiramis pierced a passage into Media which bore the name anciently of Zagripylae or the Streights of Zagrus and the Mountain itself of Semiramis Zaire Zairus a vast and a celebrated River of Africa in the Vpper Aethiopia which ariseth out of a great Lake of the same name and flowing Westward watereth the Kingdoms of Cosange Macoco Congo and in part that of Loangi At last falls into the Atlantick Ocean by a Mouth twenty eight Miles broad in five degrees of Southern Latitude This River is not navigable above eighty Miles upward from its Mouth by reason of its Cataracts It has been formerly thought that the Nile derives its source from the Lake Zaire But Thevenot and Jeremy Lobo a Portugueze who lived twelve years in this Country have undecelved us with their better accounts Zalderane a spacious Plain near the City Tauris in Persia towards the Borders of Armenia beyond the Euphrates made remarkable by the Battel fought upon it Aug. 26. 1514. betwixt Ismael K. of Persia and Selim. I. Emperor of the Turks Zama an ancient City of Africa which is the modern Zamora in the Kingdom of Algiers Called in an inscription yet extant in it Colonia Aelia Hadriana Augusta Zama Regia Hannibal received a great defeat from Scipio at this City Juba King of Mauritania chose it for the Capital of his Kingdom In the ancient Christian times here it had the honour of a Bishops See Pliny mentions an excellent Fountain near it of the same name Zambeze a great River of Aethiopia in Africa which springeth from a Lake of its own name but called also Sachat upon the Borders of the Empires of Monomotapa and Abyssinia And after the reception of many Rivers into its bed divides itself towards its Mouth into four great Branches inclosing divers large and fruitful Islands so falls into the Aethiopick Ocean upon the Consines of Sofala and Mosambick Some confound the Lake Zambeze with that of Zaire Zamora a City in the Kingdom of Leon upon the River Douro which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella so made by P. Calixtus II. in the Reign of Alphonsus VI. in 1119. Nine Leagues from Miranda to the East and fourteen from Validolid to the West See also Zama Zamoski Zamoscium a City in Red Russia in the Kingdom of Poland upon a fine Plain near the River Weper Built by a Grand Chancellour of Poland of the name of Zamoski fourteen Polish Miles from Luxemburgh to the North. It is a place of great strength and baffled an Attempt of the Cossacks upon it in 1651. Zanaga See Senga Zancle an ancient City of the Island of Sicily whose destruction by Anaxilaus a King of the Rhegenses in Italy makes it mentioned in History and Antiquity Ovid expresses the whole Island by its name in saying Zancle quoque juncta fuisse Dicitur Italiae Some suppose Messina now stands in the place of it Zanfara a City and Kingdom of Nigritia in Africa Zanguebar Zanguebaria a great Region in the Lower Aethiopia in Africa It has this Name from the Arabians over against whose Country it lies signifying Negroes or Blacks upon the Aethiopian Ocean on the Eastern Shoar of Africa It extends from North to South from five degrees of Northern to eighteen degrees of Southern Latitude but of small breadth The Kingdoms of Mombaza Melinda Mosambick Lamo Queilloa and many others of less note are contained in it full of Forests and Marshes which create a pestilent Air and an unfruitful Soil Zanhaga a Region and Desert upon the Atlantick Ocean in Africa North of the Kingdom of Tombutum or Tombotu in Lybia under the Tropick of Cancer South of Marocco Zante Zacynthus a great Island in the Ionian Sea under the States of Venice Twenty four Miles long sixteen broad and sixty in circuit It lies twelve Miles from Cefalonia to the South and the same from the Morea to the West It contains forty eight Castles fifty Villages and one City of the same Name with the Island which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Corfu has an excellent Harbor on the East side defended by a strong Castle upon an high Hill and a Garrison of Roman Catholicks but the Inhabitants are for the most part of the Greek Church Mr. Wheeler saith it is not above thirty Miles in circuit but one of the most fruitful and pleasant places he ever saw Lat 36. 30. It produces Wine Corn and Oyl with great abundance Robert Guichard the Valiant Norman Duke of Puglia dyed here in his Voyage to the Holy Land The chief Commodity is the Curran-Trade which bears the Charge of the Venetian Fleet or Armada The City and indeed the whole Island is very populous subject to Earthquakes which forceth them to build low The Jews have three Synagogues the Dominicans and other Religious three Monasteries the Episcopal See of Cephalonia and Zante is the same the two Islands making but one Diocese the City Zante may contain twenty or twenty five thousand Inhabitants There is only one River in the Island whose Communication with the Sea makes it Salt and one plentiful spring of sweet water But the great number of its Jacynths
gives occasion to some to derive its Name from them See Mr. Wheeler pag. 39. Zanzibar an Island of the Aethiopick Ocean in Africa Zaquismael Susiana a Province of Asia Zara Jadera an ancient Roman City and Port in Dalmatia called by the Sclavonians Zadar It is an Archbishops See upon the Adriatick One hundred and eighty Miles from Venice to the East one hundred from Pola and forty from Sebenico It belonged anciently to the Kingdom of Hungary and was sold to the Venetians with the little Islands its dependencies in 1409 by Ladislaus King of Hungary and Naples for an hundred thousand Duckats Besides the strength of its situation being encompassed with the Sea and only communicating with the Continent by a Draw-Bridge defended by six Bastions the Venetians have bestowed much in artificial Fortifications Long. 39. 23. Lat. 44. 43. Zarnata a Town in the Province of Tzaconia in the Morea upon an agreeable eminence in a Figure almost Circular rendered both by art and nature a place of great consideration The Turkish Garrison consisted of six hundred Men when it Capitulated with General Morosini in 1685. But the Aga who commanded in fear of his head passed over to the Venetian Territories Zarmisogethusa or Zarmis the Capital City of the ancient Kingdom of Dacia in the Reign of Decebalus Trajan caused it to be called after his Conquest of Dacia Vlpia Trajana There is an ancient Inscription which writes Colonia Vlpia Trajana Augusia Dacia Zarmis wherein both its ancient names are preserved Zatmar Zatmarium a strong City amongst the Mountains in the Vpper Hungary upon the River Samos near the Borders of Transylvania ten German Miles from Great Waradin to the North and fourteen from Tockay to the East This is the Capital of a County of the same name and has ever been in the Hands of the Emperor as King of Hungary only in 1680. Teckley took it Zator Zatoria a Town in the Palatinate of Cracow in Poland upon the Vistula where the Skawda falls into it which is the Capital of a Dukedom Six Polish Miles from Cracow to the West in the Borders of Silesia Zayolha or Zavolha a Hord of Tartars in the desert Tartary towards the Obb and the North Sea Zea. This Island of the Archipelago is Mountainous on the North and South Coasts on the East it has a secure and large Harbour In the midst of it a City of its own name which is a Bishops See of the Greek Church the Bishop divides his Residence betwixt this Island and Thermia It produces good Wine and trades much in Silk Anciently adorned with four Cities and thence called Tetrapolis See Cea Zeb Zebum Zebes a Town and Region in Biledulgerid in Africa Zecaro a River of Portugal Zeelandt See Seelandt Zeila a City in the Kingdom of Adel in Africa at the Mouth of the Red Sea seated upon the Outlet of a River of the same Name which affords it the convenience of a good Harbor It stands over against Aden Long. 75. 00. Lat. 10. 35. Zeilan Ophir Taprobana a great Island in the East-Indies to the East of the Cape of Malabar called also Ceylan and Ceylam by the Spaniards by the Inhabitants Tenarisin It is of an Oval Form six hundred and fifty Miles in circuit contains nine Kingdoms The principal of which is the Kingdom of Candy seated in the middle of the Island This place produceth Spice in great abundance which has drawn the Dutch to settle here They have possessed themselves of Columbo and Negombo which belonged before to the Portuguese There is lately published an exact Account of this Island in English by a Person who lived there many years Zeitz Zitia a small City in Misnia in the Vpper Saxony upon the River Elster four German Miles from Altenburg and five from Leypsick Heretofore a Bishops See now removed to Naumburg under the Bishop of which Diocese it is Zela or Ziela an ancient City of Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia famous in the Wars of Caesar for his sudden Victory here over Pharnacâ—s K. of Pontus Son of Mithridates the Great It became since Christianity a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Amasia and now said to retain its name tho not its honour under the Turks The Veni Vidi Vici of Caesar in his Letter to the Senate understands the Victory here Zelandia Zelandt is a small Province of the Vnited Netherlands heretofore an Earldom It consists of five Islands at the Mouth of the Schelde which are Walcheren Zud Bevelandt Nort Bevelandt Schowen and Duvelandt These Islands have been much greater than now being in part drowned by several great Inundations especially in 1304 and 1509. They lie between Holland to the North Brabant to the East Flanders to the South and the German Sea to the West The Capital of this State is Middleburgh The rest are Flushing Ziriczee Goes and Tolen There are about one hundred and two Villages in it New Zelandt is a part of the South Continent discovered by the Hollanders in 1654 extending from North to South But whether it be not an Island is not yet certainly known Zelbecdibes the Greater Armenia Zelia an ancient City of Troas in Mysia in Asia the less it stood near Cyzicus upon an eminence surrounded with Plains and Mountains Zell Cella a small City in the Dukedom of Lunenburgh upon the River Aller six German Miles from Brunswick seven from Hildisheim to the North and five from Newstadt to the East It is a strong place and has a Noble Castle which is the Seat of a Duke Zell Hammerspach Cella a small City in Schwaben upon the River Nagolt which is a free Imperial City under the Protection of the House of Austria five Miles from Stutgard to the West Nova Zembla a Northern Region first discovered by the Hollanders in 1594. in their search for a passage to the East-Indies by China separated from Moscovy by those Streights they then called We gats Streights In 1596. Aug. 29. they Landed upon the North Coast of it and were there detained whilst their Vessels lay engaged in Ice to June 29. 1597. under continual night from Novemb. 4. to the beginning of February excessive cold and in a desart quarter of the Country where three of their Seamen were devoured by Wild Bears and Wolves It is an inhabited Country But whether an Island of the Frozen Sea or joyned to the Great Tartary Eastward none have discovered Zemblin a Town and County of the Vpper Hungary Zembra a Lake and River in Monomoapa in Africa Zemonico a Fortress in Dalmatia seven Miles from Zara lost to the Turks from the Venetians in 1573 but taken and dismantled by the Venetians in 1647. And the Turks in vain attempted to reestablish themselves in it in 1682. Zenne See Senne Zenopolis a City of the ancient Pamphylia in Ajia Minor which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia and mentioned in the first General Council at Constantinople The Emperour Zeno enlarged and gave his name
to it Zerbi Zetta a small Island on the Coast of Barbary near the Shoars of the Kingdom of Tripoli Zerynthus a City and famous Cave in the Island of Samothracia in the Archipelago in the ancient times Lycophron calls the latter Antrum Canis And Ovid expresses the whole Island by the City saying Inde levi vento Zerynthia littora nacta c. Zeugitana a Country of the ancient Africa upon the Coast of the Mediterranean near Numidia included now in the Kingdom of Algiers Zeugma an ancient City of Syria which became in Christian times a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Hierapolis Alexander M. built a famous Bridge over the Euphrates here § Another in the ancient Dacia Zibit Saba Zibitum a City in the Happy Arabia the Capital of a Kingdom and a great City seated near the Gulph of Arabia one hundred and eighty Miles from Aden to the West and two hundred from the Mouth of the Gulph to the same The Turks not long since took it But the King of it has since recovered it out of their Hands There is a River in this Kingdom of the same name Long. 76.00 Lat. 16.56 Zidem Ziden Acila Ocelis a Port Town upon the Red Sea the nearest to Mecca It stands on the North side of the River Eda or Chaibar twenty German Miles from Mecca to the South-West A place of great Antiquity and anciently had a very good Trade being the usual Port as Pliny saith from whence the Ships went which sailed into the East-Indies Ziegenhaim Zigenhaemum a small City in the Lower Hassia under the Landtgrave of Hess-Cassel seven Miles from Cassel to the South four from Frislar and six from Fuld The Capital of a County Zimbao a Town and Fortress in Monotapia Zina Pamphylia a Province of the Lesser Asia Zinara a deserted Island in the Archipelago betwixt Amorgo and Levita with Charuffa to the West of it yet showing the ruines of Habitations Zinganes Indian Pyrates in the Empire of the Great Mogul The Zinhagiens See Bereberes Zirfia the Turkish Name of Servia Ziriczee a considerable Town in the Island of Schowen belonging to the State of Zeeland in the United Netherlands Built by the Flemings in 1304. The Spaniards possessed themselves of it in 1575. But were soon expelled again Zirifdin or Amansifirdin a City of the Happy Arabia understood to be the Acarman or Carman by some the Omana of the ancients Zitrachan Albania a Province of Asia Zittaw Zitavia a City of Germany in the Vpper Lusatia upon the River Neiss in the Borders of Bohemia under the Elector of Saxony four Miles above Gorlitz to the South Built or Fortified by Wenceslaus King of Bohemia in 1â—55 Ziz a Chain of Mountains in the Province of Cuzt in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa to the South Rich in Mines but inhabited by such as make little profit of them Znaim or Znoymo Znoimum a City of Moravia upon the River Teye in the Borders of Austria seven German Miles from Brune to the South and ten from Vienna to the South-West Taken by the Swedes in 1645 and frequently by others in the German Wars Zoaro Pisidon a Town in Barbary upon the Coast of Tripoli with a convenient Port. Taken in 1552. by the Knights of Malta by surprize Zocoroph the Gulph of Arabia Zocotora or Socotora and Socotarg Diosorias Dioscoridis Insula Ogyris a Town and Island upon the Coast of Zanguebar in Africa Mountainous hot dry and barren its principal product is Dates Aloes and Frankincense The People appear to be originally Arabians by their Customs Habits and Language The only City in it is of the same name with the Island Zoest the same with Soest Zofala the same with Sofala Zofingen a great Town or City in Argow in Switzerland under the Canton of Bearn subject anciently to the Counts of Spitzbergh who had a Cittadel near it their Arms being still born by this City But in 1285. it accepted of the protection of the Emperor Rodolph I. and in 1295 was by Siege reduced entirely under the obedience of Albert his Son In 1396. a Fire totally consumed it Again being rebuilt it obtained divers privileges of the Princes of the House of Austria In 1412. it fell together with all the Country of Argow as now under the Canton of Bearn And 1528. embraced the Reformation Zolnoch Zolnochium a City of the Vpper Hungary which is the Capital of a County of the same Name upon the Tibiscus Forty German Miles from Waradin to the West and sixty from Buda to the East Taken by the Turks in 1552. and retaken by the Imperialists in October 1685. Zorandra the place in the Mountain Taurus upon the Confines of Armenia and Mesopotamia in Asia at which the Ancients supposed the River Tigris to bury it self under ground for some Leagues and afterwards to rise again But we have no such Modern account of the course of that River Zorlich Tzurulum a City of Thrace which is a Bishops See between Constantinople and Hadrianople Zoser an ancient City and Promontory of Attica in Greece betwixt the Piraeus of Athens and the Island Zea. Much adicted to the VVorship of the Goddesses Latona and Diana in Pagan times Zubal Zubu or Zebu one of the Philippine Islands to which the Spaniards gave the name of los Pintados because the Natives had at the time of the discovery of it their Faces painted with divers colours Zuenziga a small Kingdom in Africa in Zaara on the East of the Kingdom of Zanhaga and South of that of Morocco with a City and Desert of its name Zues the same with Sues Zug Tougium Tugium a City and Canton in Switzerland it consists all of Roman Catholicks and is very small Bounded on the North by Zurich on the East and South by Schwitz and on the West by Lucerne The City stands one Mile from the Lake of Lucerne to the East and eighteen from Zurich to the South A free Imperial City till the year 1352. when it entred the League with the other Cantons Zurich Tigurum the Capital City of a Canton of the same Name in Switzerland very great and populous Divided into two parts by the River Limat when it leaves the Lake of Zurich It stands between Schafhouse to the North and Lucerne to the South twenty five Miles from each eleven from the Rhine and forty five from Soleurre Made a Free Imperial City by Frederick II. in 1218. and Leagued with the Cantons 1351. So Ancient as to be mentioned by Caesar in his Commentaries who subjected it to the Romans In the year of Christ 300. it was burnt by the Germans and rebuilt by Dioclefian In the year 883. Charles the Gross Walled it It embraced the Reformation in 1521. Long. 30. 20. Lat. 46 58 § The Canton of Zurich is the first of the thirteen in order Bounded by Bearne and Lucerne to the West Schafhouse to the North Zug and Schwitz on the South and Appenzel to the East it consists of none
Centre of the County to which it gives name large well built and populous extending from the top of a high Hill where Lindum the old Roman Town stood its Ditches and Rampier being still visible a great way downwards unto the River In this Town the Valiant Britain Vortimer died in 456 being Poysoned by Rowena the Daughter of Hengist and Wife of Vortiger The Saxons after this ruined Lindum and built Lincoln nearer the River about the times when Paulinus first Preached the Christian Faith to them The Danes destroyed it twice In the time of Edward the Confessor here was one thousand and seventy Mansions In the Norman times no City in England was more Rich or Populous as Will. of Malmsbury acquaints us Will. the Conqueror thought fit to build here a very strong Castle upon the top of the Hill aforesaid to awe the Inhabitants Remigius Bishop of Dorchester near Oxon at the same time removed the Sea hither and built the Cathedral above the same Hill In the Reign of Edward III. it was made a Mart or Staple King Stephen was overcome and taken Prisoner near this City in 1140. Sept. 5. in a great Battel with Maud the Empress and afterwards at Bristol laid in Irons Henry III. had better success here when it being defended by the Barons against him under Prince Lewis in 1217. May 19. he took it forced Lewis to Flee to London and soon after into France Mr. Cambden observes that of fifty Churches standing within an hundred Years of his time there were only eighteen left It hath by times gone through all the calamities of Fire Sword and Earthquake Yet a large populous and well frequented place still and enjoying the greatest Diocese of any in the Kingdom as the Cathedral there called commonly the Minster is one of the stateliest Piles perhaps in Christendom It hath the privilege also of being a County Corporate whose Liberties extend about twenty Miles in compass with the title of the County of the City of Lincoln It s Long. 22. 52. Lat. 53. 12. Lincolnshire is bounded on the North by the Humber and the British Sea on the East by the same Sea and part of Norfolk on the South by Cambridge Northampton and Rutlandshire on the West by Leicester Nottingham and Yorkshire It is a very large County extending in length from North to South almost sixty Miles and carrying in some places thirty in breadth fruitful in Corn and Grass thick set with Towns and well watered with Rivers As the Humber the Trent which severs part of it from Nottinghamshire the Witham running a cross it the Woland and the Nen. The whole is divided into Lindsey to the Northward which takes up about one half Holland towards the Sea Southward and Kesteven West from thence which three divisions contain six hundred and thirty Parishes and thirty five Market Towns Here is plenty of Fowl and Fish The old Inhabitans were the Coritani The present Earl of this County is Edward Lord Clinton who succeeded in 1667 being the fifth of his Family that has born this Title and the sixteenth Earl Edward Fines Lord Clinton Lord Admiral having obtained this Honor from Qu. Elizabeth in 1565 before whose time the same title had passed through several Families by frequent interruptions Lincopen Lincopia Lingacopia a City of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal in Ostro-Gothia between Soderkoping to the East and Wadtena to the West twenty eight German Miles from Stockholm to the South-West and almost eight East from the Lake of Veter Long. 32. 48. Lat. 58. 3. The City is very small and inconsiderable We read of a Synod celebrated at it in 1148. under P. Eugenius III. It is also written Lindkeeping Lindaw Lindavia Lindavilum Philyra a City of Germany in the Circle of Schwaben in an Island in the Lake of Constance joined to the Continent by a Bridge two hundred and ninety Paces long It is an Imperial and Free City situate in the borders of Switzerland eight Miles from Constance to the North-East and grew up out of the ruins of Aeschach a place near to it Very strong both by its Site and by Art and therefore it the more easily repelled the Forces of Count Wrangel the Swedish General who in 1647. besieged it The beginning of this City was a Monastery built here by Adelbert Rorbuck a Kinsman of Charles the Great in 810. This occasioned the building of a Village and the Site being pleasant fruitful and convenient it grew up by degrees to a City at first subject to the Abbess after that to the Dukes of Schwaben obtaining its Privileges since from Rudolphus I. Frederick III. and Sigismond Lindo Lindus a Sea-Port Town in the Isle of Rhodes the Christian Inhabitants of which can bring about twenty good and large Ships into the Grand Seignior's Service Line a rivulet in Staffordshire upon which Newcastle stands thence commonly called Newcastle upon Line to distinguish it from Newcastle upon Tine Lindsey one of the three parts of the County of Lincoln containing all the Northern parts from the River Witham to the Humber and from the Ocean to Trent This was in 1626. by Charles I. made an Earldom and granted to Robert Bartie Lord Willoughby of Eresby Lord Great Chamberlain of England who died in the Bed of Honour at Edge-Hill October 23. 1642. being the King's General in that Battel The present Earl Robert Bartie the third of this Family succeeded in 1666. Lingen Lingo a strong Town in Westphalia which is the Capital of a County of the same Name under the Prince of Orange upon the River Ems forty five Miles from Munster to the North and fifty five from Emden to the South The County that belongs to it lies in the Bishoprick of Munster and is very small It belonged to the Spaniards in the time of Charles V. but is now in the hands of the Prince of Orange Linlithgo Linlithquo Lithquo Lindum a Town and a County in the South of Scotland The Town standeth on the South side of the Fyrth of Edenburgh twenty two Miles from that City to the West This Place as Mr. Cambden saith is called Lindum by Ptolemy and it takes its Name from a great Lake in this small County from which ancient the present Name is derived Linosa an Island of the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of Africa near Maltha It depends upon the Island of Maltha Linton a Market Town in Cambridgeshire in the Hundred of Chilford Lintz Aurelianum Lentia called by Aurelian Lyncia Lyncium and by some understood to be the Aredate of Ptolemy is the Capital City of the Vpper Austria small but populous seated upon the Danube over which it has a Bridge and in it a magnificent Castle whither the Emperors of the House of Austria have frequently retired for their Pleasure and Divertisement It stands six German Miles from Passaw to the East and twenty four from Vienna to the West Dr. Brown gives this account of
it It is not very great but as neat and handsom a City as most in Germany There is in it a very great Market-place with never a bad House in it the whole Town is built of a very white free Stone and the Castle upon the Hill is of a Modern building very large there is also a Bridge over the Danube The Imperial Forces Rendezvouzed here when Solyman came to Vienna in 1532. This was also besieged by the Peasants of Austria in the time of Ferdinand II. They having got a Body together of forty thousand Men and many pieces of Ordnance but were stoutly repulsed after many Assaults and at last overcome by Papenheim The late renowned Duke of Lorraine dyed at a Convent near this Lintz See Lorraine Lintz Lentium a small Town upon the Rhine in the Diocese of Cologn in Westerwaldt five Miles beneath Coblentz to the North six from Cologn in the borders of the Dukedom of Juliers Lintzgow Lentinensis Populus a part of the Dukedom of Bavaria Lipari Liparae a knot of small Islands being seven in number belonging to the Kingdom of Sicily they lie in the Tyrrhenian Sea about thirty Miles to the North-West of the Island and the same distance from Calabria to the West Though they belong to Sicily yet Charles V. for his convenience attributed them to the Kingdom of Naples but in 1609. they were restored to Sicily and at this day are holden by the King of Spain as a part of it The ancient Poets Epithet them Aeoliae and Vulcaniae from a fiction of their being the Country of the Gods of those names The principal is the Island called Lipari which has an Episcopal City to enable it under the Metropolitical jurisdiction of Messina in Sicily In 1544. Barberousse the Turkish Admiral ruined this City but it was rebuilt again and a considerable Fortress added to it Lippa a City of Transylvania seated upon the River Marosch which falls in the Tibiscus at Segedin It stands five Hungarian Miles from Temeswar to the North and thirteen from Alba Julia or Weissenburgh to the South-West This City was taken in 1595. from the Turks by the Emperor Retaken by Assault by General Caraffa with a Body of ten thousand Imperialists on Aug. 19. 1688. And the Castle into which the Garrison retreated to save themselves being about two thousand Soldiers was obliged to Surrender upon discretion two days after There were eighteen pieces of Cannon in it Lippe Lippia a City of Westphalia more commonly called Lipstat It stands upon the River Lippe three German Miles from Paderborn to the East in Marshes and a bad Air yet it is a Hanse Town very great and the Capital of a County of the same name It was once too a Free Imperial City in length of time it became exempt and fell under the Jurisdiction of the Counts of Lippe and by one of them was mortgaged to the Duke of Cleve for eight thousand Marks of Silver and never since redeemed but together with Cleve fell to the Duke of Brandenburgh Charlemaigne assembled the Bishops of Germany here in 780. The County of Lippe is a part of the Circle of Westphalia between the Bishoprick of Paderborn the Dukedom of Westphalia and the County or Earldom of Ravensberg It is under its own Count the principal Town excepted whose Residence is at Lemgow He has also a part of the Earldom of Schaumburgh not long since granted him by Maurice Landtgrave of Hassia The Lippe Lupias Luppia is a River of Germany mentioned by Strabo and Mela. It ariseth in a Village called Lippsprinck near Paderborn and running Westward watereth Lippe or Lipstad separating the Diocese of Munster from the County of Mark it passeth by Ham Dorsten and Wesel into the Rhine twelve Miles beneath Cologn to the North-West Lippio Hyppius a River of Bithynia which falls into the Euxine Sea near Heraclea Ponti Lipuda Aretas a River of Calabria which falleth by the City of Vmbriatico into the Ionian Sea Lire Lira See Liere above Only let me add the Elogy given it by L. Guicciardin Lira elegans amoenum Brabantiae oppidum adeo ut multorum hujus Tractus Nobilium in otio degentium à curis turba jucundissimus sit recessus Lire is so beautiful and pleasant a Town of Brabant that many of the Nobility thereof make it their beloved recess from Cares and Crouds of Men. Lirio Iris the same with Casalmach Lis Loegia The same with Leye Lisbon Olysippo Vlysippo the Spaniards call it Lisboa the Capital City of the Kingdom of Portugal the Royal Seat of their Kings and an Archbishops See made by P. Boniface IX It has a large safe convenient Harbor and a Castle built on a Hill by the Taso on the North side of which River the City stands two Leagues from the Ocean and six from Cabo di Rocca Sintra In Long. 11. 00. Lat. 38. 50. According to Dr. Heylyn in Long. 9. 10. Lat. 38. 30. This City was recovered from the Moors by Alphonsus King of Portugal in 1147. It is the greatest in all Spain and every day encreasing At a Town called Bethlem within half a League of it are to be seen the Tombs of the Kings of Portugal Of this City the Spaniards have a Proverb Qui no ha visto Lisboa no ha visto cosa boa He that has not seen Lisbonne has seen nothing that 's good Lisieux Lexobii Lexovium Neomagus a City in the Vpper Normandy upon the River Tucca or rather Lezon which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Roan a great and fine City seated in a fruitful Country five Leagues from the Shoars of the British Seas to the East eighteen from Roan to the West and ten from Caen to the East The Country about is from it called the Lieuvin Caesar in his Commentaries twice mentions the Forces of the ancient People thereof against the Romans In 1106. The Ecclesiastiques held a Council here in the presence of Henry I. King of England and since others Lismore Lismora a small City in the Province of Munster in the County of Waterford which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cashell but this Bishoprick has been united to that of Waterford since 1363. It stands upon the River More fifteen Miles from the Vergivian Ocean and twenty two from Cashell Lisnia a strong Fortress in Bosnia surprized by the Imperialists July 18. 1690. after having in the two precedent Years been thrice attack'd by them in vain Two hundred Christian Slaves were here free'd Lison Casius a Mountain of Syria mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy lying between Cilicia and Phoenicia near Antioch and Laodicea There is another Mountain by it called the Anticasus and a Country between them called heretofore Casiolis in which are the Cities of Antiochia Seleucia Laodicea Epiphania Marathus Antaradus and some others most of which are by the Turks now Masters of this Country ruined A Gentleman who had Travelled over this Country informing me that it was little