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city_n able_a year_n yield_v 28 3 6.4781 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A19232 The commonvvealth and gouernment of Venice. VVritten by the Cardinall Gasper Contareno, and translated out of Italian into English, by Lewes Lewkenor Esquire. VVith sundry other collections, annexed by the translator for the more cleere and exact satisfaction of the reader. With a short chronicle in the end, of the liues and raignes of the Venetian dukes, from the very beginninges of their citie; De magistribus et republica Venetorum. English Contarini, Gasparo, 1483-1542.; Lewkenor, Lewis, Sir, d. 1626. 1599 (1599) STC 5642; ESTC S108619 143,054 250

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marco_n barbarico_fw-la succeed_v he_o be_v 73._o year_n of_o age_n he_o be_v whole_o incline_v to_o peace_n and_o bend_v to_o the_o maintenance_n thereof_o his_o whole_a intention_n but_o death_n cut_v he_o off_o in_o the_o very_a first_o year_n 74._o augustino_n barbarico_fw-la anno_fw-la 1485._o avgustino_n barbarico_fw-la be_v elect_v to_o succeed_v his_o brother_n marco_n he_o band_v with_o the_o other_o italian_a prince_n against_o charles_n eight_o of_o france_n then_o new_o by_o solicitation_n of_o lodowicke_n sforce_o enter_v into_o italy_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n to_o which_o he_o pretend_v title_n in_o his_o time_n the_o portugal_n first_o find_v out_o the_o voyage_n into_o the_o indies_n to_o the_o exceed_a prejudice_n of_o venice_n who_o before_o have_v thence_o all_o their_o spice_n with_o which_o in_o a_o manner_n they_o furnish_v all_o the_o western_a province_n of_o christendom_n he_o die_v in_o the_o 15._o year_n of_o his_o dukedom_n and_o in_o his_o place_n be_v elect_v 75._o leonardo_n loridano_n anno_o 1501._o never_o be_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n near_a to_o shipwreck_n then_o in_o this_o princess_n time_n for_o the_o great_a prince_n of_o christendom_n do_v solemn_o at_o cambray_n combine_v themselves_o in_o league_n against_o their_o state_n as_o the_o pope_n the_o emperor_n the_o king_n of_o france_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o mantua_n and_o ferrara_n every_o one_o of_o which_o pour_v down_o army_n upon_o they_o they_o be_v overthrow_v in_o a_o memorable_a battle_n at_o ghiaradada_n and_o in_o a_o other_o at_o vincensa_fw-la so_o that_o they_o be_v fain_o to_o abandon_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o that_o they_o possess_v upon_o the_o firm_a land_n to_o be_v share_v and_o divide_v by_o the_o conqueror_n yet_o nevertheless_o fortune_n turn_v about_o her_o wheel_n again_o in_o such_o sort_n that_o they_o recover_v themselves_o wherein_o the_o history_n of_o that_o time_n do_v attribute_n exceed_v much_o to_o the_o wisdom_n and_o virtue_n of_o their_o prince_n final_o be_v never_o to_o 90._o year_n of_o age_n he_o fall_v into_o a_o infirmity_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o fall_n which_o he_o have_v receyve_v &_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1521._o his_o body_n be_v honourable_o entomb_v in_o the_o church_n of_o s._n john_n and_o s._n paul_n 76._o antonio_n grimani_n anno_fw-la 1521._o antonio_n grimani_n have_v be_v first_o a_o procurator_n and_o deprive_v of_o that_o dignity_n and_o banish_v to_o cherso_n yet_o afterward_o be_v recall_v again_o and_o restore_v to_o his_o first_o dignity_n and_o short_o after_o elect_v duke_n which_o honour_n he_o enjoy_v only_o a_o year_n two_o month_n and_o two_o day_n and_o then_o dye_v 77._o andrea_n gritti_n anno_fw-la 1523._o in_o his_o place_n be_v elect_v andrea_n gritti_n a_o man_n in_o deed_n excellent_a in_o all_o prefection_n &_o worthy_a of_o that_o dignity_n the_o great_a matter_n that_o pass_v in_o his_o time_n be_v so_o excellent_o and_o copious_o write_v by_o giovius_n &_o guicciardin_n and_o other_o of_o that_o time_n that_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a here_o to_o make_v any_o abridgement_n of_o they_o he_o rule_v 15._o year_n &_o seven_o month_n and_o then_o die_v at_o the_o age_n of_o 83._o year_n 78._o pietro_n lando_n anno_fw-la 1538._o pietro_n lando_n be_v confirm_v duke_n maintain_v his_o commonwealth_n neutral_a between_o charles_n the_o emperor_n and_o francis_n the_o french_a king_n who_o be_v entangle_v together_o in_o a_o most_o fierce_a and_o cruel_a war_n and_o think_v there_o be_v scarce_o any_o prince_n in_o christendom_n but_o follow_v the_o one_o side_n or_o other_o yet_o never_o can_v they_o notwithstanding_o many_o earnest_a solicitation_n make_v by_o they_o both_o draw_v the_o state_n of_o venice_n to_o favour_v the_o one_o more_o than_o the_o other_o have_v rule_v 7._o year_n he_o die_v 79._o francisco_n donato_n an._n 1545._o francesco_n donato_n be_v procurator_n of_o s._n mark_v be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a eloquence_n &_o singular_a capacity_n of_o spirit_n and_o therefore_o his_o election_n applaud_v of_o the_o multitude_n with_o great_a joy_n he_o do_v many_o laudable_a thing_n and_o last_o die_v in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o rule_n and_o be_v succeed_v by_o marc-antonio_n trevisano_n 80._o marc-antonio_n trevisano_n anno_fw-la 1553._o this_o duke_n be_v marvellous_o religious_a just_a in_o all_o his_o word_n and_o action_n and_o of_o so_o extraordinary_a a_o charity_n towards_o the_o poor_a that_o he_o give_v they_o in_o a_o manner_n all_o that_o he_o have_v nevertheless_o his_o end_n be_v strange_a and_o pitiful_a for_o at_o the_o end_n of_o his_o first_o year_n he_o fall_v down_o sudden_o dead_a as_o he_o be_v kneel_v before_o the_o altar_n at_o mass_n the_o inscription_n under_o his_o picture_n in_o the_o palace_n be_v thus_o religionis_fw-la amantissimus_fw-la anno_fw-la circnacto_fw-la moriens_fw-la in_o gremio_fw-la patrum_fw-la ante_fw-la arras_n in_fw-la celum_fw-la unde_fw-la veneram_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la integer_fw-la evolavi_fw-la 81._o francisco_n veniero_n anno._n 1554._o the_o next_o place_v in_o the_o ducall_a throne_n be_v francisco_n veniero_n be_v then_o 64._o year_n of_o age_n he_o live_v only_o two_o year_n &_o in_o his_o place_n be_v elect_v lorenzo_n priuli_n 82._o lorenzo_n priuli_n anno_fw-la 1556._o lorenzo_n priuli_n be_v a_o man_n whole_o give_v to_o religion_n &_o quietness_n there_o be_v no_o great_a thing_n do_v in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o dukedom_n which_o he_o only_o enjoy_v three_o year_n and_o then_o depart_v this_o world_n 83._o hieronimo_fw-la priuli_fw-la anno_fw-la 1559._o hieronimo_fw-la priuli_fw-la as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o own_o virtue_n as_o the_o happy_a and_o quiet_a government_n of_o his_o brother_n lorenzo_n be_v with_o general_a applause_n establish_v in_o his_o room_n in_o his_o time_n be_v celebrate_v the_o council_n of_o trente_n he_o die_v in_o the_o 8._o year_n of_o his_o rule_n 84._o pietro_n loredano_n anno_fw-la 1567._o pietro_n loredano_n be_v a_o senator_n of_o great_a gravity_n wise_a religious_a and_o of_o singular_a integrity_n and_o soundness_n in_o his_o action_n in_o his_o time_n the_o famous_a arsenal_n of_o venice_n wherein_o all_o their_o store_n of_o powder_n &_o munition_n be_v contain_v be_v casual_o set_v on_o fire_n the_o noise_n whereof_o be_v so_o extreme_o hideous_a that_o it_o be_v hear_v 40._o mile_n off_o present_o also_o ensue_v the_o calamitous_a war_n of_o selim_n emperor_n of_o the_o turk_n who_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n soliman_n aspire_v to_o some_o honourable_a conquest_n take_v arm_n against_o the_o senate_n pretend_v title_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cypress_n utter_o forget_v his_o father_n admonition_n his_o promise_n make_v to_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o long_a amity_n that_o have_v be_v between_o they_o in_o fine_a he_o invade_v cypress_n with_o a_o mighty_a army_n &_o take_v after_o long_a siege_n the_o two_o great_a city_n of_o nicosia_n &_o famagosta_n practise_v all_o kind_n of_o imaginable_a cruelty_n upon_o the_o poor_a christian_a captive_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n while_o the_o venetian_n be_v busy_v in_o preparation_n of_o force_n to_o encounter_v he_o the_o duke_z not_o able_a to_o withstand_v the_o affliction_n of_o age_n sickness_n and_o so_o many_o trouble_n yield_v up_o his_o breath_n in_o his_o four_o year_n of_o government_n 85._o aluigi_n mocenigo_n anno_fw-la 1570._o the_o next_o thought_n worthy_a of_o this_o high_a honour_n be_v aluigi_n mocenigo_n a_o man_n accomplish_v in_o all_o virtue_n that_o to_o so_o great_a a_o dignity_n be_v requisite_a he_o appoint_v sebastiano_n veniero_n general_n of_o the_o venetian_a force_n to_o unite_v himself_o with_o marc-antonia_n colona_n general_n for_o the_o pope_n &_o d._n john_n d'_fw-fr austria_n for_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o together_o give_v that_o mighty_a and_o memorable_a overthrow_n to_o the_o turk_n at_o lepanto_n in_o manner_n in_o the_o very_a place_n where_o augustus_n caesar_n vanquish_v anthony_n his_o competitor_n in_o his_o time_n henry_n the_o three_o king_n of_o france_n return_v upon_o the_o news_n of_o his_o brother_n death_n out_o of_o polonia_n pass_v through_o venice_n where_o be_v arrive_v he_o be_v receive_v and_o entertain_v of_o the_o duke_n and_o senate_n with_o marvelous_a joy_n pomp_n and_o magnificence_n final_o this_o duke_n to_o the_o great_a discomfort_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n die_v in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o rule_n 86._o sebastiano_n veniero_n anno_fw-la 1577._o present_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o mocenigo_n sebastiano_n veniero_n in_o reward_n of_o his_o glorious_a victory_n against_o the_o turk_n be_v without_o contradiction_n of_o any_o of_o the_o elector_n install_v in_o the_o dukedom_n with_o great_a gratulation_n and_o applause_n then_o ever_o before_o time_n have_v be_v see_v at_o the_o election_n of_o any_o former_a duke_n the_o pope_n send_v a_o solemn_a ambassage_n to_o congratulate_v with_o he_o and_o withal_o send_v he_o in_o token_n of_o his_o worthiness_n and_o virtue_n the_o rose_n of_o gold_n a_o present_a never_o send_v but_o to_o mighty_a prince_n and_o such_o as_o have_v employ_v themselves_o in_o the_o church_n defence_n but_o all_o this_o honour_n and_o his_o life_n also_o end_v within_o a_o year_n after_o that_o he_o have_v receive_v the_o ducall_a diadem_n even_o at_o such_o time_n as_o he_o be_v busy_a about_o the_o preparation_n of_o a_o sumptuous_a and_o triumphal_a feast_n which_o he_o intend_v to_o make_v in_o honour_n of_o his_o wife_n the_o princess_n cecilia_n contarina_n the_o archduke_n of_o austria_n in_o admiration_n of_o his_o virtue_n send_v a_o ambassador_n of_o purpose_n to_o the_o senate_n to_o demand_v his_o picture_n 87._o nicolo_n da_o ponte_n anno_fw-la 1578._o nicolo_n da_o ponte_n be_v fourscore_o and_o eight_o year_n old_a at_o time_n of_o his_o election_n he_o be_v a_o doctor_n of_o law_n a_o knight_n and_o procurator_n of_o s._n mark_v and_o have_v pass_v with_o exceed_a commendation_n through_o all_o the_o office_n and_o dignity_n of_o his_o commonwealth_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1585._o and_o in_o his_o place_n be_v elect_v pasqual_n cenoca_n 88_o pasqual_n cenoca_n 1585._o finis_fw-la
so_o wise_a and_o virtuous_a and_o of_o such_o steadfast_a constancic_n that_o no_o perturbation_n be_v able_a to_o make_v his_o mind_n recoil_v from_o his_o duty_n yet_o neither_o on_o this_o condition_n be_v the_o rule_n of_o man_n to_o be_v wish_v for_o before_o the_o government_n of_o law_n for_o he_o be_v of_o a_o mortal_a &_o frail_a nature_n can_v not_o long_o enjoy_v that_o function_n when_o law_n as_o i_o say_v do_v in_o a_o manner_n concur_v with_o eternity_n by_o these_o i_o think_v it_o sufficient_o persuade_v that_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o government_n shall_v be_v recommend_v not_o to_o man_n but_o to_o law_n to_o who_o will_n yet_o some_o few_o thing_n may_v be_v permit_v that_o be_v not_o well_o in_o law_n to_o be_v comprehend_v nevertheless_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o there_o be_v law_n a_o guardian_n of_o the_o law_n make_v a_o certain_a guardian_n as_o liestenant_n and_o minister_v of_o the_o law_n who_o may_v govern_v the_o commonwealth_n according_a to_o the_o 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lacedaemonian_a &_o roman_a commonwealth_n among_o the_o which_o nasica_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o carthage_n though_o envious_a of_o the_o roman_a greatness_n and_o as_o it_o be_v in_o competency_n withal_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v be_v ruin_v to_o the_o end_n that_o rome_n may_v still_o have_v a_o enemy_n with_o who_o to_o occupy_v itself_o in_o arm_n lest_o their_o enemy_n and_o corrival_n be_v take_v away_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v institute_v to_o war_n and_o the_o youth_n nourish_v in_o arm_n they_o shall_v turn_v their_o weapon_n upon_o themselves_o which_o counsel_n of_o nasica_n though_o it_o be_v then_o refuse_v of_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o contrary_n decree_v nevertheless_o the_o event_n prove_v the_o same_o to_o have_v be_v most_o wise_a &_o prudent_a for_o carthage_n be_v destroy_v present_o in_o a_o manner_n they_o burst_v out_o into_o civil_a war_n through_o which_o at_o length_n the_o same_o be_v the_o most_o flourish_a &_o mighty_a commonwealth_n that_o ever_o be_v fall_v down_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o that_o city_n abound_v in_o such_o opulency_n as_o be_v in_o manner_n queen_n of_o the_o world_n become_v a_o prey_n to_o the_o barbarous_a but_o to_o come_v now_o at_o length_n to_o our_o determine_a task_n it_o appear_v that_o our_o ancestor_n which_o institute_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n be_v man_n endue_v with_o admirable_a wisdom_n and_o virtue_n in_o that_o they_o omit_v nothing_o which_o may_v seem_v to_o pertain_v to_o the_o right_a institution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n for_o first_o they_o ordain_v the_o whole_a life_n and_o exercise_n of_o their_o citizen_n to_o the_o use_n and_o office_n of_o virtue_n and_o always_o with_o great_a regard_n and_o reckon_n apply_v their_o mind_n to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o peace_n then_o to_o glory_n of_o war_n war_n the_o venetian_n apply_v their_o mind_n more_o to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o peace_n then_o to_o the_o glory_n of_o war_n bend_v always_o their_o chief_a care_n and_o study_v to_o the_o preservation_n of_o civil_a concord_n and_o agreement_n among_o themselves_o not_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n neglect_v warlike_a office_n such_o i_o mean_v as_o be_v fit_n and_o convenient_a for_o our_o city_n of_o which_o the_o situation_n be_v such_o that_o it_o serve_v well_o and_o be_v commodious_a for_o war_n by_o sea_n but_o unfit_a for_o war_n by_o land_n for_o neither_o squadron_n of_o horseman_n nor_o troop_n of_o footman_n can_v by_o any_o mean_n be_v accommodate_v thereunto_o as_o by_o my_o former_a description_n thereof_o may_v easy_o be_v conjecture_v beside_o they_o use_v such_o a_o moderation_n and_o temperature_n and_o such_o a_o mixture_n of_o all_o estate_n that_o this_o only_a city_n retain_v a_o princely_a sovereignty_n a_o government_n of_o the_o nobility_n &_o a_o popular_a authority_n so_o that_o the_o form_n of_o they_o all_o seem_v to_o be_v equal_o balance_v as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o pair_n of_o weight_n as_o more_o plain_o hereafter_o shall_v appear_v but_o now_o final_o to_o come_v to_o the_o institution_n of_o our_o venetian_a commonwealth_n the_o whole_a authority_n of_o the_o city_n from_o who_o decree_n and_o law_n aswell_o the_o senate_n as_o all_o other_o venice_n the_o great_a council_n in_o which_o consift_v the_o whole_a authority_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o venice_n magistrate_n derive_v their_o power_n and_o authority_n be_v in_o that_o council_n into_o which_o all_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o city_n be_v once_o past_o the_o age_n of_o 25._o year_n be_v admit_v and_o sundry_a of_o they_o not_o yet_o come_v to_o that_o age_n so_o that_o they_o be_v full_a twenty_o which_o privilege_n they_o obtain_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o lot_n of_o which_o hereafter_o we_o will_v discourse_v the_o whole_a manner_n now_o first_o i_o be_o to_o yield_v you_o a_o reckon_n how_o and_o with_o what_o wisdom_n
he_o against_o who_o the_o former_a judge_n have_v pronounce_v sentence_n that_o he_o may_v after_o three_o month_n though_o none_o of_o the_o auditor_n intermeddle_v call_v his_o adversary_n a_o fresh_a into_o diminish_v a_o law_n late_o make_v by_o which_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o auditor_n be_v great_o diminish_v question_n by_o appeal_n unto_o the_o college_n by_o who_o law_n the_o authority_n of_o the_o auditor_n be_v great_o diminish_v yet_o nevertheless_o be_v their_o report_n of_o great_a avail_n to_o the_o furtherance_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o beside_o the_o cut_n of_o the_o delay_n of_o three_o month_n seem_v to_o be_v as_o a_o prerogative_n to_o the_o judge_n present_o upon_o the_o auditor_n report_v the_o former_a judge_n be_v before_o our_o time_n summon_v into_o the_o college_n of_o the_o forty_o and_o there_o either_o magistrate_n admit_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o cause_n by_o plea_n but_o now_o i_o know_v not_o by_o what_o negligence_n by_o little_a and_o little_a it_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o former_a judge_n from_o who_o sentence_n the_o appeal_n be_v bring_v do_v neither_o plead_v nor_o be_v so_o much_o as_o present_v at_o the_o handle_n of_o their_o cause_n in_o the_o college_n of_o the_o forty_o only_a be_v cite_v by_o a_o officer_n their_o answer_n be_v that_o that_o which_o law_n and_o justice_n be_v may_v go_v forward_o but_o this_o custom_n that_o the_o auditor_n shall_v first_o make_v report_n unto_o the_o college_n of_o such_o cause_n as_o be_v by_o appeal_n bring_v unto_o they_o and_o plead_v in_o maintenance_n of_o they_o have_v continue_v till_o our_o time_n be_v now_o whole_o abrogate_a and_o only_o the_o advocate_n of_o those_o between_o who_o the_o controversy_n rest_v do_v use_v that_o office_n in_o defend_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o clientes_fw-la whereby_o it_o be_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o this_o office_n which_o be_v before_o time_n so_o honourable_a be_v now_o become_v to_o be_v great_o obscure_v and_o eclipse_v judge_n the_o judge_n of_o civil_a cause_n observe_v the_o same_o order_n in_o their_o judgement_n as_o the_o criminal_a judge_n these_o forty_o judge_n of_o civil_a cause_n do_v in_o a_o manner_n observe_v that_o order_n and_o custom_n in_o their_o judgement_n as_o you_o hear_v i_o say_v before_o be_v usual_o wont_a to_o be_v observe_v of_o the_o forty_o judge_n of_o capital_a cause_n only_o this_o difference_n there_o be_v that_o in_o cause_n wherein_o the_o life_n and_o estate_n of_o any_o man_n be_v call_v in_o question_n there_o be_v no_o certain_a time_n of_o speech_n limit_v or_o impose_v whereas_o in_o limit_v a_o certain_a time_n of_o speech_n limit_v civil_a controversy_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a time_n appoint_v beyond_o which_o they_o may_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n lengthen_v or_o extend_v their_o plea_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a only_o to_o each_o of_o they_o that_o plead_v neither_o be_v there_o in_o the_o decision_n of_o these_o civil_a judgement_n many_o opinion_n allege_v out_o of_o which_o the_o college_n may_v conclusive_o choose_v one_o that_o shall_v be_v best_o to_o their_o like_n as_o in_o consultation_n upon_o the_o punishment_n of_o malefactor_n i_o tell_v you_o above_o be_v usual_o the_o custom_n but_o it_o be_v only_o here_o debate_v whether_o the_o sentence_n give_v by_o the_o former_a judge_n shall_v be_v confirm_v or_o abrogate_a if_o any_o of_o the_o auditor_n make_v intercession_n to_o that_o end_n then_o shall_v the_o question_n be_v of_o abrogate_a and_o cancel_v the_o same_o but_o otherwise_o if_o the_o matter_n come_v unto_o the_o college_n without_o the_o intercession_n or_o address_n of_o any_o auditor_n than_o the_o president_n of_o the_o college_n after_o the_o matter_n be_v of_o each_o side_n thorough_o plead_v do_v rather_o propose_v the_o strengthen_n and_o confirm_v of_o the_o former_a judgement_n than_o the_o disalowance_n or_o cancel_v thereof_o present_o all_o the_o swear_a judge_n do_v prepare_v red_a three_o several_a pot_n bring_v forth_o a_o white_a a_o green_a and_o a_o red_a themselves_o and_o go_v unto_o their_o suffrage_n and_o three_o pot_n likewise_o be_v bring_v forth_o in_o the_o green_a the_o former_a judgement_n be_v cancel_v in_o the_o white_a it_o be_v approve_v and_o in_o the_o third_o which_o be_v read_v be_v the_o ball_n of_o those_o that_o do_v yet_o remain_v doubtful_a and_o will_v have_v the_o matter_n to_o be_v adiourn_v and_o defer_v nothing_o be_v hold_v for_o absolute_a and_o decree_v unless_o more_o than_o the_o half_a do_v conclude_v and_o agree_v together_o in_o one_o opinion_n either_o for_o the_o ratify_n or_o disannul_v thereof_o of_o which_o if_o the_o judge_n be_v not_o thorough_o persuade_v so_o that_o neither_o of_o both_o be_v decide_v the_o same_o be_v then_o defer_v over_o till_o the_o next_o day_n and_o the_o same_o ceremony_n again_o renew_v and_o if_o neither_o than_o it_o be_v determine_v the_o college_n be_v call_v again_o the_o third_o day_n and_o the_o self_n same_o proceed_n use_v as_o before_o save_v only_o that_o after_o either_o side_n have_v sufficient_o plead_v and_o that_o they_o go_v again_o to_o their_o suffrage_n there_o be_v no_o far_o reckon_v make_v of_o those_o that_o remain_v doubtful_a and_o unperswade_v so_o that_o unless_o the_o suffrage_n be_v altogether_o equal_a it_o be_v determine_v and_o full_o end_v one_o way_n or_o other_o and_o the_o former_a judgement_n action_n upon_o abrogation_n of_o the_o former_a judgement_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v liberty_n to_o renew_v his_o action_n either_o full_o confirm_v or_o utter_o abrogate_a nevertheless_o upon_o abrogation_n of_o the_o former_a judgement_n the_o playntife_n be_v not_o so_o put_v off_o and_o debar_v but_o that_o he_o have_v liberty_n to_o renew_v his_o action_n again_o for_o this_o new_a cancel_v serve_v to_o no_o other_o end_n but_o only_o to_o frustrate_v and_o make_v void_a and_o invalide_v debar_v but_o upon_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o former_a sentence_n the_o party_n interest_v be_v utter_o debar_v the_o force_n of_o the_o former_a judgement_n whereas_o the_o approbation_n and_o allowance_n confirm_v and_o ratifi_v for_o ever_o the_o judgement_n that_o be_v give_v and_o pronounce_v neither_o be_v there_o leave_v to_o the_o defendant_n any_o place_n either_o of_o provocation_n or_o appeal_n or_o mean_v to_o call_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n unless_o there_o fall_v out_o some_o new_a matter_n or_o occasion_n this_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a as_o concern_v the_o old_a auditor_n now_o we_o will_v brief_o say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o new_a this_o magistrate_n be_v unknowen_a and_o not_o create_v in_o our_o commonwealth_n till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o venetian_a empire_n begin_v to_o embrace_v the_o main_n land_n that_o border_v upon_o our_o lake_n to_o these_o may_v appeal_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o judgement_n &_o sentence_n of_o matter_n the_o new_a auditor_n meddle_v only_o with_o foreign_a matter_n such_o governor_n &_o magistrate_n as_o without_o the_o precinct_n of_o our_o city_n do_v administer_v justice_n to_o people_n that_o do_v live_v under_o our_o subjection_n for_o the_o old_a auditor_n be_v not_o of_o themselves_o able_a and_o sufficient_a to_o understand_v and_o dispatch_v both_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o city_n and_o those_o also_o of_o foreign_a place_n for_o which_o cause_n this_o magistrate_n be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o new_a in_o regard_n that_o after_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v once_o settle_v and_o establish_v the_o city_n begin_v to_o stretch_v and_o enlarge_v her_o dominion_n over_o the_o main_a land_n of_o the_o province_n of_o venetia_n which_o as_o though_o it_o have_v never_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o same_o return_v willing_o with_o a_o frank_a and_o liberal_a good_a will_n for_o as_o i_o show_v you_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o work_n the_o noble_a sort_n of_o people_n that_o inhabit_v the_o country_n of_o venetia_n fly_v the_o barbarous_a cruelty_n of_o foreign_a nation_n &_o the_o general_a devastation_n of_o all_o italy_n do_v get_v themselves_o into_o these_o lake_n of_o we_o and_o then_o do_v lay_v the_o first_o foundation_n venetia_n why_o the_o city_n be_v first_o call_v venetia_n of_o this_o most_o opulent_a and_o flourish_a city_n call_v it_o by_o the_o name_n of_o venetia_n to_o leave_v thereby_o a_o remembrance_n unto_o their_o posterity_n that_o there_o in_o the_o same_o be_v joint_o together_o assemble_v the_o chief_a prime_n and_o flower_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o all_o the_o city_n of_o the_o territory_n of_o venetia_n so_o that_o in_o short_a space_n when_o the_o rule_n and_o empire_n thereof_o begin_v infinite_o to_o increase_v one_o magistrate_n can_v not_o serve_v for_o the_o dispatch_n both_o of_o foreign_a and_o domestical_a cause_n and_o therefore_o this_o new_a magistrate_n be_v judge_n the_o
only_o the_o magistrate_n which_o be_v call_v precedent_n of_o the_o lones_fw-gr and_o as_o yet_o retain_v that_o name_n record_v lones_fw-gr precedent_n of_o the_o lones_fw-gr in_o a_o book_n the_o several_a sum_n contribute_v by_o every_o particularr_n citizen_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n till_o the_o same_o be_v repay_v there_o be_v allow_v five_o crown_n in_o the_o hundred_o to_o every_o one_o of_o those_o that_o have_v be_v tax_v and_o thereunto_o be_v sundry_a rent_n appoint_v so_o that_o in_o those_o ancient_a war_n it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o levy_v money_n by_o this_o manner_n of_o taxation_n and_o sure_o in_o my_o opinion_n it_o be_v a_o thing_n very_o just_a and_o reasonable_a that_o somewhat_o shall_v be_v again_o restore_v unto_o they_o out_o of_o the_o common_a revenue_n that_o have_v in_o the_o necessary_a time_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n spend_v and_o impair_v their_o substance_n for_o as_o the_o part_n ought_v to_o have_v regard_n to_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o whole_a so_o in_o natural_a reason_n also_o ought_v the_o whole_a to_o defend_v and_o preserve_v the_o part_n in_o asmuch_o as_o may_v be_v from_o all_o inconvenience_n and_o wrong_n and_o to_o participate_v with_o they_o some_o part_n of_o the_o common_a nouriture_n thereby_o to_o restore_v &_o enharten_v they_o but_o in_o our_o time_n this_o debt_n of_o levy_a money_n be_v so_o excessive_a and_o great_a that_o the_o very_a interest_n thereof_o after_o the_o rate_n i_o speak_v of_o amount_v to_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n by_o the_o year_n which_o payment_n be_v of_o late_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o extreme_a necessity_n and_o dangerous_a war_n wherewith_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v environ_v withhold_v and_o keep_v back_o now_o final_o some_o four_o year_n since_o there_o be_v a_o statute_n and_o decree_n enact_v by_o the_o senate_n the_o motioner_n and_o persuader_n thereof_o be_v dominico_n trevisano_n venice_n andrea_n gritti_n duke_n venice_n a_o grave_n and_o honourable_a councelor_n and_o andrea_n gritti_n a_o senator_n of_o singular_a prudence_n and_o integrity_n who_o now_o to_o the_o general_a contentment_n and_o exceed_a happiness_n of_o our_o commonwealth_n we_o acknowledge_v for_o our_o duke_n and_o prince_n that_o there_o shall_v not_o thence_o forward_o be_v any_o mention_n make_v of_o pay_v any_o yearly_a interest_n neither_o that_o any_o suit_n kind_a of_o subsidy_n or_o contribution_n shall_v thereafter_o be_v register_v or_o enroll_v in_o the_o common_a book_n and_o yet_o lest_o the_o citizen_n shall_v think_v themselves_o defraud_v it_o be_v provide_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v pay_v their_o principal_n and_o likewise_o the_o interest_n due_a until_o the_o day_n of_o the_o decree_n for_o satisfaction_n of_o which_o they_o appoint_v out_o not_o only_o debt_n a_o officer_n appoint_v for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o rowne_n debt_n a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o tribute_n but_o also_o the_o whole_a possession_n belong_v to_o the_o common_a wealth_n in_o the_o teritorie_n of_o rovigo_n the_o meddle_v in_o which_o business_n happen_v partly_o to_o my_o lot_n in_o regard_n of_o a_o office_n that_o i_o then_o bare_a institute_v of_o purpose_n before_o our_o time_n to_o diminish_v and_o lessen_v the_o debt_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n or_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a utter_o to_o extinguish_v they_o of_o which_o i_o will_v speak_v somewhat_o hereafter_o and_o so_o a_o great_a part_n be_v discharge_v of_o those_o heavy_a and_o unmeasurable_a debt_n with_o which_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v burden_a and_o likewise_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o private_a citizen_n not_o leave_v unconuenientlie_o regard_v yet_o always_o so_o that_o the_o general_a good_a be_v first_o provide_v for_o and_o then_o the_o private_a which_o order_n be_v descend_v even_o to_o our_o time_n from_o our_o ancestor_n from_o hand_n to_o hand_n now_o then_o to_o turn_v our_o speech_n thither_o again_o wherein_o we_o digress_v the_o president_n of_o the_o lones_fw-gr be_v those_o that_o do_v gather_v together_o the_o money_n wherein_o the_o citizen_n be_v tax_v at_o such_o time_n as_o the_o commonwealth_n need_v their_o help_n of_o which_o when_o in_o their_o book_n they_o have_v take_v a_o particular_a note_n and_o reckon_n then_o final_o they_o deliver_v the_o same_o over_o to_o the_o treasurer_n of_o the_o chamber_n of_o the_o city_n from_o who_o it_o belong_v to_o their_o charge_n to_o exact_v such_o sum_n of_o money_n as_o be_v yearly_a accustom_v to_o be_v yield_v in_o stead_n of_o rent_n to_o the_o private_a citizen_n and_o likewise_o to_o register_v up_o in_o their_o book_n both_o the_o receipt_n and_o expense_n thereof_o but_o this_o money_n which_o by_o the_o senate_n decree_n be_v levy_v of_o the_o citizen_n and_o be_v after_o a_o certain_a time_n to_o be_v restore_v unto_o they_o again_o be_v wont_a both_o to_o be_v collect_v and_o repay_v by_o a_o certain_a peculiar_a magistrate_n thereunto_o appoint_v now_o this_o office_n tax_v officer_n that_o do_v seize_v and_o sell_v the_o good_n of_o those_o that_o do_v not_o at_o the_o time_n appoint_v pay_v the_o money_n in_o which_o they_o be_v tax_v belong_v whole_o to_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o rent_n there_o be_v also_o a_o other_o money-magistrate_n not_o to_o be_v omit_v to_o who_o office_n it_o appertain_v to_o search_v seize_v and_o to_o sell_v open_o the_o good_n of_o such_o as_o do_v not_o at_o the_o time_n appoint_v pay_v the_o sum_n of_o money_n at_o which_o they_o be_v tax_v there_o be_v also_o other_o money-magistrate_n that_o do_v seek_v out_o the_o indebt_v citizen_n and_o do_v aswell_o peruse_v the_o book_n of_o account_n of_o private_a man_n as_o also_o those_o of_o the_o common_a wealth_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o treasury_n and_o common_a wealth_n may_v not_o any_o way_n be_v defraud_v which_o for_o avoid_v tediousness_n i_o will_v overpasse_v because_o they_o be_v not_o of_o any_o moment_n to_o that_o order_n and_o government_n of_o our_o common_a wealth_n which_o i_o have_v take_v upon_o i_o to_o describe_v mintmaister_n precedent_n over_o the_o coin_n or_o mintmaister_n beside_o these_o heretofore_o mention_v there_o be_v also_o certain_a other_o magistrate_n who_o office_n be_v of_o great_a avail_n to_o the_o commodity_n quietness_n honour_n health_n and_o happiness_n of_o our_o country_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v overslip_v in_o silence_n first_o be_v the_o master_n of_o the_o coin_n aswell_o gold_n as_o silver_n the_o currant_n goodness_n of_o which_o as_o yet_o entertain_v the_o willing_a traffic_v of_o stranger_n so_o be_v it_o comfortable_a and_o commodious_a to_o the_o citizen_n within_o themselves_o then_o the_o cornmaister_n and_o health_n master_n of_o venice_n both_o be_v arsenal_n corn_n master_n health_n master_n president_n of_o the_o arsenal_n of_o great_a and_o exceed_a consequence_n as_o likewise_o be_v the_o worshipful_a president_n of_o the_o arsenal_n then_o be_v there_o certain_a officer_n such_o as_o among_o the_o roman_n aedile_n aedile_n be_v call_v aedile_n to_o who_o care_n belong_v the_o mend_n and_o repair_v of_o the_o street_n and_o bridge_n and_o other_o the_o like_a matter_n of_o that_o kind_n and_o office_n exceed_o requisite_a and_o necessary_a in_o this_o common_a wealth_n of_o we_o and_o last_o the_o office_n of_o those_o who_o procurator_n procurator_n the_o venetian_n call_v procurator_n be_v of_o great_a dignity_n and_o singular_o available_a to_o the_o city_n of_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o money_n or_o mintmaister_n i_o know_v not_o what_o i_o shall_v say_v more_o then_o that_o their_o chief_a charge_n and_o care_n be_v that_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v not_o coin_a in_o any_o base_a allay_n then_o that_o which_o by_o the_o law_n be_v appoint_v neither_o that_o the_o same_o bear_v any_o whit_n less_o weight_n than_o it_o shall_v do_v which_o have_v be_v of_o we_o all_o most_o religious_o observe_v insomuch_o that_o the_o money_n of_o venice_n be_v of_o great_a account_n and_o run_v currant_n aswell_o among_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n as_o it_o do_v in_o christendom_n for_o whereas_o all_o other_o christian_a prince_n in_o a_o manner_n cause_n their_o money_n to_o be_v stamp_v in_o a_o base_a allay_n to_o the_o end_n to_o make_v it_o stretch_v the_o far_o we_o have_v always_o herein_o most_o constant_o retain_v that_o dignity_n which_o they_o receive_v of_o their_o ancestor_n the_o magistrate_n that_o have_v the_o charge_n for_o the_o provision_n of_o corn_n be_v exceed_o necessary_a to_o this_o city_n of_o venice_n because_o there_o be_v but_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o corn_n to_o be_v gather_v out_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o venice_n and_o the_o city_n be_v most_o populous_a and_o round_o about_o encompass_v with_o lake_n of_o necessity_n there_o be_v great_a care_n to_o be_v have_v of_o these_o provision_n lest_o the_o people_n who_o
city_n answer_v upon_o the_o water_n which_o though_o the_o answer_n also_o upon_o the_o street_n for_o every_o one_o have_v two_o entry_n one_o by_o water_n another_z by_z land_n yet_o the_o fair_a show_n be_v common_o still_o to_o the_o water_n there_o be_v also_o sundry_a very_o fair_a house_n who_o principal_a front_n be_v to_o the_o street_n but_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o street_n hinder_v and_o eclipse_v the_o magnificence_n of_o their_o sight_n much_o garbage_n and_o filthiness_n fall_v from_o the_o city_n into_o the_o channel_n which_o be_v carry_v away_o by_o the_o flow_a and_o ebb_v of_o the_o water_n and_o yet_o that_o alone_o will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n but_o that_o they_o be_v also_o continual_o cleanse_v and_o take_v away_o healthy_a t●e_v air_n of_o venice_n very_o healthy_a in_o time_n pass_v as_o victrwius_fw-la write_v the_o air_n of_o venice_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o lake_n be_v think_v to_o be_v unwholesome_a but_o now_o they_o hold_v that_o the_o air_n of_o venice_n &_o padova_n be_v pure_a and_o more_o healthy_a then_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o italy_n in_o so_o much_o that_o there_o be_v not_o in_o any_o place_n to_o be_v find_v more_o lusty_o old_a man_n well_o colour_v &_o of_o good_a complexion_n donatus_n distinguish_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o venice_n into_o venetian_n three_o sort_n &_o degree_n among_o the_o venetian_n three_o part_n viz._n plebeian_n citizen_n &_o gentleman_n the_o plebeian_n he_o term_v to_o be_v those_o that_o exercise_v base_a art_n utter_o uncapable_a of_o office_n or_o degree_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o citizen_n to_o be_v merchant_n &_o man_n of_o a_o degree_n above_o the_o other_o capable_a of_o certain_a popular_a office_n and_o the_o gentleman_n to_o be_v those_o of_o the_o great_a council_n lord_n of_o the_o state_n etc._n etc._n as_o above_o but_o this_o distinction_n be_v particular_a unto_o himself_o contrary_a to_o sabellicus_n contarene_n and_o the_o rest_n who_o only_o divide_v they_o into_o two_o plebeians_z and_o patritian_n viz._n the_o common_a people_n and_o the_o gentleman_n the_o first_o beginning_n of_o the_o city_n be_v in_o the_o year_n 421._o city_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o city_n the_o first_o part_n that_o be_v build_v thereof_o be_v the_o church_n of_o s._n james_n that_o be_v now_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o rialto_n in_o the_o year_n 1342._o andrea_n dandulo_fw-la be_v duke_n there_o plague_n a_o great_a plague_n die_v of_o the_o pestilence_n so_o great_a a_o multitude_n of_o people_n in_o venice_n that_o to_o repeople_v the_o same_o again_o they_o be_v fain_o to_o grant_v to_o all_o such_o as_o will_v come_v dwell_v within_o venice_n after_o two_o year_n habitation_n freedom_n of_o their_o city_n man_n their_o number_n of_o fight_a man_n there_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v twenty_o thousand_o house_n in_o the_o city_n so_o that_o according_a to_o their_o computation_n allow_v out_o of_o every_o family_n two_o they_o be_v able_a to_o arm_v forty_o thousand_o fight_a man_n and_o in_o former_a time_n have_v do_v so_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o state_n abroad_o and_o at_o home_n be_v think_v to_o be_v 3000._o they_o be_v absolute_o lord_n of_o the_o city_n and_o whole_a estate_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n the_o child_n and_o brethren_n of_o the_o duke_n live_v and_o of_o the_o duke_n that_o be_v decease_v be_v always_o hold_v in_o very_o great_a honour_n and_o much_o respect_v the_o ball_n which_o they_o do_v use_v in_o the_o great_a council_n be_v either_o of_o copper_n or_o tin_n of_o which_o some_o be_v guilt_v &_o some_o silver_a whosoever_o be_v choose_v elector_n for_o any_o office_n may_v if_o he_o shall_v so_o think_v good_a name_n himself_o in_o the_o same_o and_o so_o stand_v to_o the_o comprobation_n of_o the_o suffrage_n as_o in_o the_o former_a treatise_n be_v mention_v when_o any_o weighty_a matter_n be_v to_o be_v handle_v in_o the_o great_a council_n as_o the_o establishment_n of_o a_o new_a law_n or_o the_o definitive_a determination_n of_o any_o great_a judgement_n there_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v 600._o gentleman_n in_o the_o hall_n &_o four_o councillor_n or_o else_o the_o same_o may_v not_o pass_v pomp_n signori_fw-it dell_fw-it pomp_n there_o be_v certain_a magistrate_n of_o who_o the_o former_a treatise_n make_v no_o mention_n call_v signiori_fw-it dell_fw-it pomp_n who_o be_v diligent_o to_o look_v into_o the_o reformation_n of_o apparel_n and_o moderation_n of_o excess_n general_o in_o all_o other_o expense_n and_o final_o to_o see_v all_o such_o law_n strict_o observe_v as_o be_v in_o those_o behalf_n provide_v censor_n censor_n there_o be_v likewise_o of_o late_o institute_v and_o create_v with_o great_a authority_n two_o censor_n who_o office_n be_v chief_o to_o repress_v the_o ambition_n of_o the_o gentleman_n &_o to_o look_v with_o severity_n into_o their_o faultinesse_n there_o be_v a_o law_n late_o propound_v by_o they_o in_o the_o great_a council_n and_o by_o the_o same_o with_o great_a allowance_n ratify_v and_o enact_v that_o thence_o forward_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o congratulation_n use_v at_o break_v up_o of_o the_o council_n with_o those_o that_o have_v obtain_v office_n and_o honour_n which_o still_o remain_v in_o vigour_n and_o force_n for_o before_o time_n every_o man_n at_o the_o open_n of_o the_o council_n will_v press_v to_o take_v they_o by_o the_o hand_n that_o be_v elect_v for_o magistrate_n protest_v with_o many_o vow_n that_o they_o be_v glad_a in_o their_o heart_n of_o the_o honour_n and_o advauncement_n befall_v they_o yea_o even_o those_o will_v say_v so_o that_o have_v give_v their_o suffiage_n against_o they_o which_o be_v by_o the_o censor_n judge_v to_o be_v a_o great_a abuse_n and_o unworthy_a of_o the_o venetian_a nobility_n be_v in_o all_o other_o thing_n so_o grave_a &_o honourable_a upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o duke_n the_o six_o high_a counsellor_n do_v present_o enter_v into_o the_o palace_n the_o elder_a counsellor_n supply_v the_o place_n of_o the_o decease_a duke_n and_o dispatch_v sundry_a thing_n that_o do_v appertain_v unto_o the_o royal_a office_n all_o letter_n that_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o state_n send_v forth_o be_v entitle_v under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o governor_n &_o all_o such_o as_o be_v send_v unto_o they_o be_v so_o direct_v &_o superscribe_v they_o never_o stir_v out_o of_o the_o palace_n till_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o new_a duke_n the_o great_a gate_n also_o of_o the_o palace_n be_v close_v and_o only_o a_o wicket_n leave_v open_a for_o people_n to_o go_v in_o and_o out_o keep_v there_o also_o a_o guard_n of_o man_n the_o same_o rather_o for_o a_o solemnity_n and_o ancient_a custom_n than_o any_o needful_a occasion_n for_o there_o be_v in_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n no_o great_a alteration_n at_o the_o death_n of_o their_o duke_n then_o at_o the_o death_n of_o any_o other_o private_a gentleman_n only_o the_o magistrate_n do_v not_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n assemble_v about_o the_o dispatch_n of_o affair_n till_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o new_a duke_n have_v no_o leisure_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o business_n thereabouts_o to_o attend_v to_o any_o thing_n else_o funeral_n the_o duke_n funeral_n the_o body_n of_o the_o dead_a duke_n be_v adorn_v with_o royal_a garment_n be_v bring_v into_o a_o low_a hall_n which_o they_o call_v sala_n de_fw-fr pioveghi_n where_o it_o be_v keep_v three_o day_n together_o &_o there_o be_v twenty_o gentleman_n all_o attire_v in_o scarlet_a appoint_v to_o accompany_v the_o corpse_n into_o the_o say_a hall_n and_o to_o sit_v round_o about_o it_o which_o likewise_o they_o do_v the_o follow_a day_n at_o the_o end_n whereof_o his_o funeral_n be_v solemnize_v with_o all_o requisite_a pomp_n and_o magnificence_n after_o the_o burial_n of_o the_o duke_n the_o great_a council_n be_v present_o assemble_v and_o in_o their_o first_o sit_v there_o be_v choose_v five_o corrector_n and_o three_o inquisitor_n the_o office_n of_o the_o inquisitor_n be_v diligent_o to_o examine_v the_o life_n and_o death_n their_o office_n continue_v but_o a_o year_n after_o the_o duke_n death_n action_n of_o the_o pass_a duke_n and_o whether_o he_o have_v observe_v their_o country_n law_n if_o they_o find_v he_o faulty_a they_o be_v bind_v to_o accuse_v he_o and_o the_o penalty_n by_o he_o deserve_v light_v always_o upon_o his_o heir_n who_o yet_o be_v no_o otherwise_o punish_v then_o only_o by_o the_o purse_n they_o amerce_v the_o heir_n of_o loredanus_n one_o of_o their_o late_a duke_n in_o 1500._o crown_n only_o because_o he_o have_v not_o uphelde_v his_o dignity_n with_o such_o majesty_n and_o magnificence_n as_o he_o shall_v have_v do_v and_o yet_o otherwise_o all_o they_o acknowledge_v he_o to_o have_v be_v a_o very_a wise_a and_o well_o deserve_a prince_n the_o