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and_o now_o hamilcar_n get_v into_o the_o plain_n and_o march_v towards_o those_o that_o guard_v the_o bridge_n spendius_n receive_v advice_n of_o what_o have_v pass_v get_v before_o he_o and_o march_n on_o the_o one_o side_n with_o a_o body_n of_o above_o ten_o thousand_o man_n which_o he_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o town_n near_o the_o bridge_n and_o on_o the_o other_o be_v at_o least_o fifteen_o thousand_o which_o he_o order_v from_o the_o camp_n before_o utica_n with_o purpose_n by_o that_o manner_n of_o proceed_v to_o surround_v and_o hem_v hamilcar_n army_n in_o under_o which_o hope_n the_o soldier_n become_v so_o attentive_a that_o they_o punctual_o obey_v the_o order_n they_o receive_v and_o mutual_o animate_v each_o other_o to_o do_v their_o duty_n as_o they_o ought_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n hamilcar_n advance_v with_o the_o elephant_n in_o his_o front_n than_o the_o cavalry_n with_o the_o
soldier_n be_v of_o different_a language_n and_o manner_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n likewise_o that_o soldier_n be_v preserve_v in_o better_a obedience_n to_o their_o superior_n but_o if_o it_o arrive_v once_o to_o a_o general_a defection_n and_o that_o the_o sedition_n spread_v throughout_o the_o army_n the_o disease_n than_o become_v incurable_a it_o be_v impossible_a to_o reduce_v they_o to_o their_o duty_n and_o the_o instance_n now_o before_o we_o convince_v the_o carthaginian_n of_o the_o defect_n of_o their_o politic_n in_o that_o custom_n for_o whensoever_o it_o happen_v that_o army_n so_o compose_v conceive_v a_o general_n distaste_v or_o hatred_n the_o effect_n extend_v beyond_o the_o common_a measure_n of_o outrage_n and_o inhumanity_n and_o man_n exceed_v in_o savage_a cruelty_n wild_a beast_n themselves_o this_o calamity_n then_o befall_v the_o carthaginian_n who_o army_n consist_v of_o spaniard_n gaul_n lygurian_o balearean_o and_o greek_n among_o who_o be_v many_o fugitive_a slave_n who_o be_v most_o of_o they_o african_n so_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o speak_v to_o they_o all_o at_o once_o or_o in_o one_o place_n or_o indeed_o to_o contrive_v any_o mean_n to_o do_v it_o for_o one_o officer_n alone_o can_v not_o perform_v it_o though_o he_o be_v qualify_v to_o speak_v in_o all_o their_o language_n it_o will_v have_v be_v likewise_o equal_o difficult_a to_o assemble_v and_o speak_v to_o they_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n by_o different_a interpreter_n who_o will_v never_o be_v able_a to_o render_v the_o same_o sense_n equal_o intelligible_a to_o four_o or_o five_o different_a nation_n at_o once_o their_o best_a course_n then_o be_v to_o instruct_v the_o commander_n to_o deal_v with_o and_o harangue_n their_o several_a troop_n when_o they_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o command_v or_o persuade_v the_o soldier_n hanno_n according_o give_v out_o his_o order_n to_o they_o as_o he_o be_v able_a while_o those_o who_o be_v to_o execute_v they_o have_v themselves_o but_o a_o imperfect_a understanding_n of_o what_o be_v order_v other_o though_o they_o understand_v what_o be_v direct_v they_o to_o say_v yet_o report_v quite_o the_o contrary_a to_o the_o soldier_n so_o that_o what_o through_o ignorance_n what_o through_o treachery_n distrust_n and_o jealousy_n daily_o increase_v the_o soldier_n complaint_n not_o due_o hear_v and_o the_o conspiracy_n and_o disaffection_n grow_v strong_a and_o strong_a the_o army_n think_v themselves_o outrage_v that_o instead_o of_o send_v to_o they_o officer_n under_o who_o they_o have_v serve_v in_o sicily_n who_o know_v their_o merit_n and_o who_o have_v so_o often_o assure_v they_o of_o reward_n the_o carthaginian_n have_v send_v they_o one_o who_o know_v they_o not_o and_o have_v no_o manner_n of_o knowledge_n of_o their_o service_n in_o short_a as_o they_o slight_v and_o contemn_v hanno_n so_o they_o begin_v to_o distrust_v their_o own_o officer_n and_o thus_o enrage_v as_o they_o 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the_o difference_n that_o be_v arisen_a between_o they_o in_o a_o word_n the_o carthaginian_n affright_v to_o behold_v such_o a_o army_n as_o one_o may_v say_v of_o enemy_n at_o their_o gate_n labour_v all_o they_o can_v to_o win_v they_o to_o obedience_n and_o good_a order_n they_o send_v they_o supply_v of_o provision_n which_o they_o buy_v at_o their_o own_o rate_n they_o dispatch_v deputy_n to_o they_o likewise_o out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o senate_n who_o assure_v they_o of_o all_o they_o shall_v demand_v that_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o state_n to_o perform_v but_o these_o mutineer_n sound_v something_o new_a to_o require_v every_o day_n and_o the_o fear_v they_o perceive_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o be_v in_o add_v to_o their_o insolence_n who_o have_v serve_v against_o the_o roman_n in_o sicily_n they_o take_v for_o grant_v that_o neither_o the_o carthaginian_n nor_o any_o other_o people_n whatsoever_o will_v have_v courage_n to_o oppose_v they_o or_o offer_v they_o battle_n in_o the_o field_n no_o soon_o therefore_o have_v they_o adjust_v their_o demand_n of_o pay_n but_o they_o proceed_v to_o further_a exaction_n they_o require_v payment_n for_o the_o horse_n they_o have_v lose_v in_o the_o service_n when_o that_o be_v agree_v to_o they_o demand_v payment_n for_o the_o corn_n that_o have_v be_v deliver_v they_o short_a of_o their_o allowance_n for_o many_o year_n past_a and_o they_o will_v be_v pay_v too_o at_o the_o rate_n that_o it_o have_v at_o any_o time_n be_v sell_v at_o in_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n of_o the_o war._n in_o brief_a as_o there_o be_v many_o mutinous_a and_o seditious_a person_n in_o the_o army_n so_o those_o propagate_v new_a exorbitance_n and_o every_o day_n find_v fresh_a occasion_n of_o complaint_n and_o prevent_v their_o agreement_n by_o impossible_a proposal_n nevertheless_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v resolve_v to_o agree_v to_o every_o thing_n and_o now_o the_o mutiny_n begin_v to_o be_v appease_v when_o they_o understand_v that_o a_o officer_n shall_v be_v send_v they_o under_o who_o they_o have_v serve_v in_o sicily_n who_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o agree_v and_o adjust_a with_o they_o all_o their_o pretence_n they_o be_v not_o please_v with_o hamilcar_n barcas_fw-la under_o who_o they_o have_v bear_v arm_n believe_v he_o have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o ill_a treatment_n they_o have_v find_v because_o he_o never_o come_v near_o they_o and_o they_o believe_v too_o that_o he_o have_v quit_v his_o command_n of_o his_o own_o motion_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n they_o have_v a_o affection_n to_o gesco_n who_o have_v likewise_o command_v they_o in_o sicily_n and_o who_o have_v appear_v their_o friend_n and_o advocate_n in_o many_o occasion_n especial_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o their_o transportation_n so_o they_o determine_v to_o choose_v he_o as_o arbitrator_n in_o the_o matter_n depend_v he_o therefore_o embark_v take_v money_n with_o he_o and_o upon_o his_o arrival_n at_o tune_n first_o call_v a_o assembly_n of_o their_o principal_a officer_n and_o then_o he_o summon_v they_o separately_z nation_n by_o nation_n where_o after_o he_o have_v gentle_o reprove_v they_o for_o their_o past_a behaviour_n he_o remonstrate_v to_o they_o the_o present_a state_n of_o affair_n and_o above_o all_o labour_n to_o persuade_v they_o to_o continue_v their_o affection_n and_o duty_n to_o a_o government_n under_o which_o they_o have_v so_o long_o serve_v and_o take_v pay_n and_o in_o short_a exhort_v they_o to_o be_v content_a with_o the_o remainder_n of_o their_o pay_n as_o it_o appear_v due_a among_o the_o mutineer_n there_o happen_v to_o be_v one_o spendius_n a_o campanian_a who_o have_v be_v a_o slave_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o have_v harbour_v himself_o among_o the_o carthaginian_n he_o be_v strong_a of_o body_n and_o in_o all_o occasion_n of_o danger_n very_o forward_o this_o fellow_n fear_v to_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o master_n for_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o rome_n his_o fault_n be_v punish_v with_o death_n labour_v both_o with_o word_n and_o action_n to_o trouble_v and_o perplex_v the_o treaty_n they_o be_v upon_o and_o to_o hinder_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a their_o agreement_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n another_o there_o be_v who_o name_n be_v matho_n who_o be_v a_o african_a of_o free_a condition_n and_o a_o soldier_n among_o they_o have_v be_v a_o active_a stirrer_n in_o this_o conspiracy_n and_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o punishment_n join_v with_o spendius_n to_o obstruct_v the_o accommodation_n possess_v the_o african_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o stranger_n shall_v be_v pay_v and_o dispatch_v to_o their_o country_n it_o will_v be_v their_o lot_n to_o pay_v for_o all_o and_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n will_v take_v such_o revenge_n on_o they_o for_o the_o injury_n which_o have_v be_v do_v they_o that_o all_o africa_n shall_v tremble_v at_o it_o the_o soldier_n grow_v hereupon_o enrage_v anew_o and_o
the_o great_a be_v the_o injury_n and_o avarice_n of_o magistrate_n and_o man_n in_o authority_n whereof_o we_o have_v a_o bloody_a example_n now_o before_o we_o the_o truth_n of_o which_o be_v make_v manifest_a as_o well_o in_o the_o soldier_n as_o their_o officer_n hamilcar_n great_o provoke_v at_o these_o barbarity_n order_v hanno_n to_o join_v he_o conclude_v that_o by_o unite_n all_o their_o troop_n into_o one_o body_n they_o shall_v soon_o put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o war._n and_o now_o contrary_a to_o his_o custom_n he_o put_v all_o of_o the_o enemy_n to_o death_n who_o fall_v into_o his_o hand_n and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n prisoner_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o army_n he_o order_v they_o without_o mercy_n to_o be_v devour_v of_o wild_a beast_n be_v at_o length_n convince_v that_o the_o only_a remedy_n to_o the_o evil_n under_o which_o they_o suffer_v be_v to_o extend_v no_o compassion_n to_o the_o offender_n but_o to_o diminish_v and_o utter_o destroy_v they_o by_o all_o mean_v possible_a but_o while_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v in_o these_o fair_a hope_n when_o success_n everywhere_o attend_v their_o arm_n and_o they_o have_v reason_n to_o expect_v a_o favourable_a issue_n of_o the_o war_n behold_v a_o caprice_n of_o fortune_n who_o change_v face_n turn_v the_o tide_n of_o their_o affair_n the_o two_o general_n have_v no_o soon_o unite_v their_o army_n but_o they_o fall_v at_o difference_n between_o themselves_o which_o breed_v such_o evil_a effect_n that_o by_o that_o mean_n not_o only_o many_o fair_a occasion_n be_v lose_v of_o molest_v the_o enemy_n but_o opportunity_n give_v to_o they_o to_o damnify_v the_o carthaginian_n which_o be_v observe_v and_o weigh_v by_o the_o state_n one_o of_o they_o be_v direct_v to_o quit_v his_o command_n and_o who_o shall_v remain_v in_o authority_n to_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o election_n of_o the_o army_n another_o misfortune_n likewise_o befall_v they_o about_o that_o time_n a_o convoy_n of_o they_o come_v from_o a_o city_n call_v emporium_n wherein_o they_o have_v great_a reliance_n for_o supply_n as_o well_o of_o provision_n as_o other_o store_n for_o the_o army_n be_v lose_v by_o tempest_n at_o sea_n as_o to_o sardinia_n which_o have_v ever_o yield_v they_o great_a relief_n in_o their_o strait_n that_o as_o we_o have_v already_o note_v be_v total_o lose_v but_o to_o fill_v the_o measure_n of_o their_o adversity_n the_o two_o city_n of_o hippona_n and_o utica_n who_o alone_o of_o all_o the_o town_n of_o africa_n have_v till_o that_o time_n preserve_v their_o fidelity_n and_o not_o only_o during_o this_o war_n but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o agathocles_n and_o even_o when_o the_o roman_n make_v their_o descent_n on_o africa_n have_v continue_v faithful_a and_o never_o manifest_v the_o least_o inclination_n of_o revolt_n now_o abandon_v they_o and_o be_v not_o content_a bare_o to_o take_v part_n with_o the_o african_n without_o any_o apparent_a motive_n but_o link_v themselves_o to_o their_o fortune_n in_o a_o league_n of_o fast_a friendship_n and_o alliance_n and_o grow_v into_o mortal_a hatred_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n which_o they_o witness_v by_o murder_v five_o hundred_o of_o their_o soldier_n with_o their_o officer_n who_o be_v send_v to_o their_o relief_n after_o they_o have_v receive_v they_o into_o their_o town_n and_o afterward_o cast_v their_o dead_a body_n over_o the_o wall_n in_o short_a those_o two_o place_n give_v themselves_o up_o entire_o to_o the_o african_n express_v so_o great_a a_o aversion_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n that_o when_o they_o send_v ambassador_n to_o they_o for_o leave_v to_o bury_v their_o dead_a they_o refuse_v they_o so_o that_o now_o matho_n and_o spendius_n exalt_v with_o the_o accession_n of_o so_o much_o good_a fortune_n form_v a_o design_n of_o lay_v siege_n to_o carthage_n itself_o during_o these_o thing_n the_o carthaginian_n dispatch_v hannibal_n to_o the_o army_n after_o they_o have_v mature_o deliberate_v about_o the_o matter_n of_o difference_n that_o have_v happen_v between_o the_o two_o general_n and_o have_v declare_v it_o be_v expedient_a that_o hanno_n shall_v relinquish_v his_o authority_n then_o hamilcar_n with_o hannibal_n and_o naravasus_n make_v inroad_n into_o the_o country_n and_o cut_v off_o all_o the_o enemy_n mean_n of_o susistance_n in_o which_o service_n naravasus_n be_v eminent_o useful_a as_o he_o do_v in_o every_o thing_n great_o serve_v they_o and_o this_o be_v the_o state_n of_o their_o troop_n that_o keep_v the_o field_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n carthage_n itself_o be_v block_v up_o and_o enclose_v on_o all_o side_n they_o be_v drive_v to_o have_v recourse_n for_o succour_n to_o their_o friend_n and_o confederate_n hiero_n king_n of_o siracuse_n who_o be_v their_o fast_a friend_n and_o have_v diligent_o supply_v they_o with_o whatever_o they_o demand_v during_o the_o whole_a war_n give_v they_o now_o in_o their_o great_a strait_n the_o best_a evidence_n of_o his_o friendship_n and_o this_o he_o wise_o see_v to_o be_v his_o safe_a course_n as_o conduce_v to_o the_o better_a support_n of_o his_o power_n in_o sicily_n and_o the_o conservation_n of_o his_o alliance_n with_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n foresee_v that_o if_o carthage_n be_v not_o preserve_v in_o a_o state_n to_o give_v they_o jealousy_n it_o may_v be_v his_o lot_n one_o day_n to_o lie_v at_o their_o mercy_n without_o any_o prospect_n of_o redress_n herein_o i_o say_v hiero_n do_v without_o question_n proceed_v like_o a_o prudent_a prince_n it_o be_v in_o no_o wise_a safe_a to_o let_v a_o little_a mischief_n grow_v to_o a_o head_n but_o to_o prevent_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a the_o exorbitant_a increase_n of_o a_o neighbour_a prince_n power_n lest_o when_o it_o shall_v be_v too_o late_a you_o find_v it_o past_o your_o ability_n to_o withstand_v he_o when_o your_o own_o proper_a interest_n shall_v come_v to_o be_v contest_v on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o roman_n pursuant_n to_o the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v not_o want_v in_o any_o thing_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n though_o there_o soon_o happen_v a_o difference_n between_o those_o two_o state_n in_o brief_a the_o carthaginian_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o war_n have_v seize_v and_o make_v prize_n of_o all_o vessel_n that_o trade_v from_o italy_n to_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n who_o for_o lucre_n supply_v their_o enemy_n with_o whatsoever_o they_o want_v and_o now_o have_v in_o their_o custody_n at_o least_o five_o hundred_o prisoner_n of_o that_o nation_n the_o roman_n stomach_v it_o and_o begin_v to_o give_v evidence_n of_o their_o indignation_n thereat_o but_o this_o point_n be_v soon_o compose_v for_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o signify_v their_o resentment_n by_o their_o ambassador_n the_o carthaginian_n restore_v the_o say_v prisoner_n in_o so_o frank_a a_o manner_n that_o they_o on_o their_o side_n not_o to_o be_v behind_o hand_n in_o courtesy_n forthwith_o enlarge_v without_o ransom_n all_o the_o carthaginian_a prisoner_n which_o yet_o remain_v of_o those_o who_o have_v be_v take_v during_o the_o sicilian_a war._n furthermore_o the_o roman_n ready_o grant_v they_o whatsoever_o assistance_n they_o demand_v they_o permit_v their_o merchant_n to_o supply_v carthage_n with_o every_o thing_n they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o and_o prohibit_v all_o manner_n of_o commerce_n with_o their_o enemy_n moreover_o they_o reject_v the_o overture_n make_v by_o the_o ambassador_n of_o those_o who_o have_v revolt_v from_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o sardinia_n and_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o island_n though_o they_o offer_v to_o put_v it_o into_o their_o hand_n and_o to_o give_v far_a evidence_n of_o their_o sincerity_n they_o refuse_v the_o tender_a the_o people_n of_o utica_n make_v they_o who_o will_v have_v free_o give_v they_o their_o city_n so_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n thus_o aid_v bear_v the_o hardship_n of_o the_o siege_n the_o more_o cheerful_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n matho_n and_o spendius_n both_o besiege_v and_o be_v besiege_v be_v reduce_v to_o so_o great_a strait_n for_o provision_n and_o all_o other_o store_v and_o necessary_n by_o the_o good_a management_n of_o hamilcar_n that_o in_o the_o end_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o rise_v from_o before_o the_o city_n and_o select_v out_o fifty_o thousand_o of_o the_o choice_a man_n in_o their_o army_n with_o who_o there_o join_v a_o man_n of_o note_n call_v zarxas_n at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o own_o people_n with_o which_o army_n they_o march_v to_o encounter_v the_o enemy_n and_o observe_v the_o motion_n of_o hamilcar_n keep_v however_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o hill_n out_o of_o fear_n of_o the_o elephant_n and_o the_o horse_n of_o naravasus_n still_o use_v their_o utmost_a industry_n to_o keep_v possession_n of_o those_o fastness_n and_o though_o in_o courage_n and_o hardiness_n they_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o carthaginian_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v worsted_n and_o
great_o avail_v the_o carthaginian_n in_o the_o prosecute_a their_o design_n in_o spain_n for_o as_o we_o have_v already_o observe_v the_o roman_n who_o be_v resolve_v to_o put_v first_o a_o period_n to_o their_o dispute_n with_o the_o gaul_n be_v constrain_v to_o yield_v to_o their_o fear_n of_o a_o enemy_n who_o they_o think_v now_o in_o their_o neighbourhood_n and_o to_o postpone_v their_o consideration_n of_o spain_n and_o their_o affair_n on_o that_o side_n till_o they_o shall_v have_v first_o compose_v and_o settle_v those_o at_o home_n and_o secure_v and_o establish_v the_o commonwealth_n against_o the_o danger_n that_o then_o threaten_v according_o the_o treaty_n be_v ratify_v which_o they_o make_v with_o asdrubal_n their_o thought_n be_v entire_o take_v up_o with_o the_o present_a enemy_n where_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o that_o the_o safe_a course_n be_v to_o come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o goesates_n have_v pass_v the_o alps_n with_o a_o magnificent_a army_n furnish_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o arm_n come_v and_o join_v the_o cis-alpine_a gaul_n make_v their_o rendezvous_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o po._n the_o other_o gaul_n also_o come_v in_o after_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o country_n that_o heretofore_o belong_v to_o the_o senones_n the_o insubrian_o likewise_o and_o bojans_n who_o continue_v in_o the_o same_o opinion_n of_o prosecute_a the_o war_n join_v they_o but_o the_o veneti_n and_o cenomani_n refuse_v to_o be_v of_o the_o confederacy_n to_o who_o the_o roman_n have_v send_v their_o ambassador_n prevail_v with_o they_o to_o prefer_v their_o alliance_n with_o they_o to_o that_o of_o the_o gaul_n so_o that_o the_o border_v prince_n of_o that_o people_n be_v force_v by_o that_o mean_n to_o leave_v part_n of_o their_o force_n to_o secure_v their_o frontier_n and_o with_o a_o army_n of_o fifty_o thousand_o foot_n twenty_o thousand_o horse_n and_o as_o many_o chariot_n they_o begin_v their_o march_n towards_o tuscany_n the_o roman_n have_v now_o intelligence_n that_o the_o celtae_n have_v pass_v the_o alps_n dispatch_v with_o all_o expedition_n the_o consul_n l._n emilius_n with_o the_o legion_n to_o rimini_n there_o to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n if_o they_o shall_v chance_v to_o attack_v they_o on_o that_o side_n they_o likewise_o send_v one_o of_o their_o praetor_n towards_o tuscany_n for_o the_o other_o consul_n c._n atilius_n be_v go_v at_o that_o time_n to_o sardinia_n with_o part_n of_o their_o troop_n but_o do_v what_o they_o can_v their_o fear_n be_v great_a at_o rome_n where_o they_o have_v reason_n to_o conclude_v their_o city_n be_v in_o danger_n enough_o and_o indeed_o none_o will_v wonder_v at_o their_o doubt_n and_o apprehension_n who_o consider_v what_o reason_n they_o have_v to_o bear_v in_o mind_n the_o calamity_n they_o have_v heretofore_o sustain_v by_o the_o invasion_n of_o this_o enemy_n they_o draw_v together_o therefore_o their_o army_n and_o levy_v new_a force_n direct_v their_o ally_n to_o have_v their_o succour_n in_o a_o readiness_n and_o order_v muster-roll_n to_o be_v bring_v from_o all_o part_n to_o the_o senate_n of_o all_o the_o young_a man_n capable_a of_o serve_v to_o the_o end_v they_o may_v take_v a_o certain_a measure_n of_o their_o strength_n likewise_o they_o fill_v up_o their_o legion_n with_o choose_a man_n and_o order_v they_o forthwith_o to_o march_n furthermore_o they_o make_v so_o great_a provision_n of_o arm_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o war_n that_o there_o be_v no_o record_n of_o the_o like_a preparation_n in_o any_o age_n past_a in_o a_o word_n every_o one_o do_v his_o utmost_a to_o prosecute_v and_o advance_v so_o necessary_a a_o work_n for_o the_o people_n of_o italy_n terrify_v at_o this_o approach_n of_o the_o gaul_n do_v not_o act_n at_o this_o time_n as_o mere_a ally_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o aid_v and_o further_o their_o design_n of_o dominion_n and_o glory_n but_o think_v of_o nothing_o now_o but_o of_o fight_v for_o their_o own_o proper_a safety_n their_o family_n and_o fortune_n so_o that_o they_o receive_v with_o cheerfulness_n the_o order_n that_o be_v send_v they_o from_o rome_n and_o here_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o make_v a_o estimate_n of_o the_o power_n and_o force_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n which_o hannibal_n short_o after_o have_v the_o boldness_n to_o attempt_v and_o what_o a_o empire_n it_o be_v that_o he_o make_v the_o object_n of_o his_o ambition_n and_o wherein_o he_o succeed_v so_o far_o as_o to_o reduce_v the_o roman_n to_o the_o last_o gaspe_n and_o extremity_n of_o fortune_n let_v we_o i_o say_v make_v a_o computation_n of_o the_o provision_n they_o make_v towards_o this_o war_n whereby_o we_o shall_v perceive_v how_o far_o they_o have_v improve_v their_o force_n with_o the_o consul_n there_o march_v four_o legion_n in_o each_o legion_n be_v five_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o foot_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n with_o they_o likewise_o march_v the_o succour_n of_o the_o ally_n amount_v together_o to_o thirty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o two_o thousand_o horse_n furthermore_o there_o join_v they_o of_o sabine_n and_o tuscan_n above_o fifty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o about_o four_o thousand_o horse_n these_o be_v all_o conduct_v to_o the_o frontier_n under_o the_o command_n of_o a_o praetor_n to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n there_o from_o the_o vmbrian_o and_o sarcinate_v who_o inhabitit_fw-la the_o appennines_n there_o come_v in_o to_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o thousand_o the_o veneti_n and_o cenomanei_n send_v the_o entire_a number_n they_o be_v order_v to_o the_o utmost_a border_n of_o the_o gaul_n territory_n to_o make_v inroad_n on_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bojans_n and_o to_o force_v those_o who_o be_v already_o depart_v to_o retire_v yet_o far_o and_o keep_v they_o from_o join_v with_o the_o rest_n in_o this_o manner_n they_o have_v dispose_v their_o army_n on_o the_o frontier_n but_o at_o rome_n they_o keep_v a_o reserve_v of_o citizen_n always_o ready_a to_o move_v consist_v of_o thirty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o fifteen_o hundred_o horse_n with_o a_o surplus_n of_o troop_n of_o their_o ally_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o two_o thousand_o horse_n in_o the_o general_a muster-roll_n that_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o senate_n be_v find_v fourscore_o thousand_o foot_n of_o the_o latin_n and_o five_o thousand_o horse_n of_o the_o samnite_n seventy_o thousand_o foot_n and_o seven_o thousand_o horse_n the_o japyges_n and_o messapyges_n who_o have_v likewise_o join_v with_o the_o roman_n send_v to_o their_o aid_n in_o this_o war_n fifty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o sixteen_o thousand_o horse_n the_o lucan_n supply_v they_o with_o thirty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o thousand_o horse_n the_o marsian_o marrucians_n ferentines_n and_o vestine_n send_v twenty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o four_o thousand_o horse_n furthermore_o they_o have_v two_o legion_n in_o sicily_n and_o tarentum_n consist_v of_o four_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o foot_n and_o two_o hundred_o horse_n each_o and_o over_o and_o above_o all_o these_o the_o ordinary_a people_n be_v muster_v in_o rome_n and_o campania_n amount_v to_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o horse_n so_o that_o the_o troop_n which_o depend_v immediate_o on_o the_o senate_n and_o be_v destine_v to_o the_o guard_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o city_n amount_v to_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o six_o thousand_o horse_n or_o thereabouts_o but_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o their_o srength_n consist_v in_o no_o less_o than_o seven_o hundred_o thousand_o foot_n and_o seventy_o thousand_o horse_n and_o though_o hannibal_n begin_v with_o a_o army_n of_o hardly_o twenty_o thousend_v man_n he_o have_v nevertheless_o the_o assurance_n to_o invade_v and_o march_v into_o italy_n against_o this_o stupendous_a force_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o this_o point_n will_v be_v better_o clear_v when_o we_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o those_o occurrence_n upon_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o gaul_n in_o tuscany_n they_o ravage_v and_o plunder_v the_o country_n without_o control_v and_o from_o thence_o determine_v to_o prosecute_v their_o design_n on_o rome_n and_o be_v now_o advance_v near_o clusium_n a_o town_n but_o three_o day_n march_v from_o the_o city_n when_o news_n come_v that_o the_o roman_a army_n that_o have_v be_v post_v on_o the_o frontier_n of_o tuscany_n be_v approach_v and_o be_v almost_o get_v up_o with_o their_o rear_n whereupon_o they_o face_v about_o and_o march_v to_o meet_v they_o full_a of_o resolution_n to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n and_o now_o towards_o the_o evening_n the_o two_o army_n draw_v so_o near_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o incamp_v on_o the_o ground_n where_o they_o be_v leave_v but_o a_o very_a strait_a space_n between_o their_o camp_n but_o when_o night_n be_v shut_v in_o the_o gaul_n
to_o the_o open_a sky_n with_o that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n that_o be_v with_o he_o remote_a from_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o troop_n and_o the_o baggage_n the_o better_a to_o cover_v and_o defend_v they_o from_o danger_n who_o be_v hardly_o able_a in_o all_o that_o night_n with_o great_a labour_n to_o compass_v their_o passage_n through_o the_o valley_n in_o the_o morning_n the_o enemy_n be_v now_o retire_v hannibal_n join_v his_o army_n and_o baggage_n and_o advance_v towards_o the_o top_n of_o the_o alps_n after_o this_o the_o gaul_n attempt_v no_o more_o to_o attack_v they_o in_o body_n but_o in_o small_a party_n and_o with_o less_o ardour_n than_o before_o nevertheless_o fall_v sometime_o on_o the_o van_n sometime_o on_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n they_o seldom_o fail_v of_o make_v some_o spoil_n of_o the_o baggage_n the_o elephant_n happen_v to_o be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o these_o conflict_n for_o wheresoever_o they_o chance_v to_o appear_v they_o so_o terrify_v the_o enemy_n that_o the_o army_n march_v by_o that_o mean_n with_o much_o less_o molestation_n in_o nine_o day_n after_o this_o hannibal_n gain_v the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n where_o he_o halt_v two_o day_n be_v willing_a to_o give_v some_o repose_n to_o such_o of_o his_o army_n as_o be_v come_v thus_o far_o without_o wound_n or_o sickness_n and_o to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n that_o be_v yet_o behind_o during_o this_o stay_n many_o horse_n and_o beast_n of_o carriage_n which_o have_v fall_v and_o stray_v out_o of_o the_o way_n come_v in_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n follow_v the_o track_n of_o the_o army_n to_o the_o great_a wonder_n of_o the_o beholder_n but_o whereas_o the_o snow_n be_v yet_o great_a in_o the_o mountain_n winter_n not_o be_v there_o quite_o over_o hannibal_n perceive_v his_o soldier_n to_o be_v somewhat_o discourage_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o suffering_n they_o have_v already_o feel_v and_o out_o of_o apprehension_n of_o what_o yet_o threaten_v they_o cause_v the_o army_n to_o be_v assemble_v to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v speak_v to_o they_o and_o inspire_v they_o with_o new_a resolution_n which_o he_o can_v no_o way_n better_a effect_n than_o by_o give_v they_o a_o view_n and_o prospect_n of_o italy_n which_o in_o a_o word_n lie_v so_o fair_o to_o the_o eye_n spread_v and_o extend_v itself_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o those_o mountain_n that_o nature_n seem_v to_o have_v design_v they_o as_o a_o rampart_n to_o cover_v and_o defend_v it_o so_o he_o give_v they_o a_o survey_n of_o the_o champaign_n country_n that_o spread_v itself_o all_o about_o the_o river_n po_n and_o give_v they_o to_o understand_v how_o welcome_a they_o shall_v be_v to_o the_o people_n that_o inhabit_a it_o he_o point_v out_o likewise_o to_o they_o whereabout_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n stand_v and_o by_o this_o artifice_n animate_v his_o harassed_a army_n the_o day_n follow_v he_o decamp_v and_o begin_v to_o descend_v the_o mountain_n and_o now_o see_v no_o more_o of_o the_o enemy_n to_o molest_v they_o in_o their_o march_n save_v some_o small_a scatter_a party_n who_o rather_o await_v occasion_n how_o to_o steal_v than_o to_o fight_v howbeit_o hannibal_n loss_n be_v not_o lessen_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a snow_n and_o the_o exceed_a bad_a march_n they_o have_v have_v which_o much_o weaken_a the_o army_n nor_o be_v their_o passage_n much_o better_a in_o the_o descent_n for_o what_o with_o the_o straight_o steep_a and_o slippery_a way_n and_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o snow_n the_o soldier_n know_v not_o where_o to_o set_v his_o foot_n with_o safety_n for_o whenever_o they_o slip_v they_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o be_v lose_v and_o swallow_v up_o in_o the_o depth_n and_o precipice_n which_o lay_v hide_v and_o cover_v by_o the_o snow_n nevertheless_o the_o long_a practice_n in_o those_o hardship_n and_o danger_n teach_v they_o to_o suffer_v all_o with_o constancy_n but_o at_o length_n come_v to_o a_o place_n where_o neither_o their_o elephant_n nor_o horse_n can_v pass_v the_o way_n which_o be_v very_o steep_a before_o be_v now_o by_o the_o fall_n away_o of_o some_o of_o the_o earth_n become_v more_o difficult_a renew_v their_o fear_n which_o be_v manifest_a over_o the_o whole_a army_n upon_o this_o accident_n hannibal_n take_v a_o resolution_n to_o attempt_v another_o way_n by_o take_v a_o compass_n about_o those_o mountain_n though_o there_o be_v no_o appearance_n of_o any_o passage_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o great_a snow_n render_v that_o resolution_n too_o hazardous_a all_o place_n be_v cover_v and_o hide_v from_o the_o view_n he_o therefore_o change_v his_o purpose_n in_o the_o interim_n there_o have_v fall_v much_o new_a snow_n on_o that_o which_o remain_v of_o the_o winter_n before_o this_o last_o be_v loose_a and_o not_o yet_o deep_a yield_v firm_a footing_n enough_o to_o the_o soldier_n but_o this_o be_v no_o soon_o trample_v on_o but_o it_o dissolve_v into_o dirt_n and_o mire_n whereby_o the_o snow_n of_o last_o year_n be_v freeze_v under_o it_o it_o become_v impossible_a to_o march_v thereon_o any_o more_o than_o on_o ice_n itself_o none_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v their_o foot_n and_o when_o they_o endeavour_v to_o sustain_v themselves_o on_o their_o hand_n and_o knee_n they_o often_o slide_v and_o be_v lose_v in_o pit_n and_o precipice_n when_o their_o horse_n at_o any_o time_n slip_v they_o by_o their_o weight_n and_o labour_v break_v the_o ice_n under_o they_o and_o so_o become_v bury_v and_o freeze_v to_o death_n whereupon_o hannibal_n now_o desperate_a of_o obtain_v his_o passage_n that_o way_n encamp_v his_o army_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o pass_n after_o he_o have_v first_o order_v the_o snow_n to_o be_v remove_v which_o cover_v all_o the_o ground_n and_o then_o by_o the_o labour_n of_o his_o soldier_n he_o wrought_v into_o the_o hill_n itself_o and_o by_o unspeakable_a pain_n make_v his_o passage_n at_o length_n through_o it_o so_o in_o one_o day_n he_o make_v way_n for_o his_o horse_n and_o other_o beast_n to_o pass_v which_o immediate_o march_v on_o and_o now_o decamp_v the_o army_n he_o send_v his_o horse_n and_o other_o beast_n to_o forage_v and_o recruit_v themselves_o as_o they_o can_v come_v at_o pasture_n where_o the_o ground_n be_v not_o cover_v with_o snow_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o order_v the_o numidian_n to_o make_v a_o passage_n for_o the_o elephant_n which_o cost_v they_o three_o day_n labour_v with_o great_a difficulty_n to_o effect_v but_o at_o length_n they_o make_v way_n for_o those_o animal_n which_o have_v suffer_v much_o and_o be_v almost_o dead_a with_o hunger_n for_o there_o be_v neither_o forage_n nor_o tree_n to_o be_v find_v on_o that_o part_n of_o the_o alps_n nor_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n the_o ground_n lie_v ever_o cover_v with_o snow_n winter_n and_o summer_n but_o the_o low_a ground_n on_o all_o side_n produce_v wood_n and_o covert_n and_o there_o be_v no_o place_n thereabouts_o that_o be_v not_o habitable_a after_o hannibal_n have_v unite_v his_o troop_n he_o prosecute_v his_o march_n and_o in_o the_o space_n of_o three_o day_n get_v past_o these_o difficult_a and_o incommodious_a place_n whereof_o we_o have_v give_v a_o account_n and_o recover_v the_o plain_n howbeit_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o great_a number_n of_o his_o people_n for_o many_o fall_v by_o the_o enemy_n many_o be_v drown_v in_o pass_v the_o river_n and_o many_o of_o sickness_n and_o the_o hardship_n of_o their_o march_n to_o and_o over_o the_o alps_n and_o as_o he_o lose_v many_o man_n so_o his_o loss_n of_o horse_n and_o other_o beast_n of_o burden_n be_v yet_o much_o great_a in_o a_o word_n after_o a_o march_n of_o five_o month_n from_o his_o departure_n from_o new-carthage_n and_o fifteen_o day_n passage_n over_o the_o alps_n he_o bold_o advance_v into_o the_o champaign_n country_n lie_v about_o the_o river_n po_n and_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o insubrian_o of_o the_o troop_n that_o march_v out_o with_o he_o there_o now_o remain_v of_o african_n about_o twelve_o thousand_o eight_o thousand_o spaniard_n and_o six_o thousand_o horse_n according_a to_o his_o own_o register_n leave_v by_o he_o engrave_v on_o the_o column_n at_o lacinium_n which_o specify_v that_o number_n about_o this_o time_n publius_n cornelius_n who_o have_v leave_v his_o troop_n with_o cneius_n his_o brother_n to_o prosecute_v the_o war_n against_o asdrubal_n in_o spain_n embark_v for_o pisa_n and_o from_o thence_o pass_v through_o tuscany_n join_v the_o army_n of_o the_o praetor_n who_o be_v in_o service_n in_o that_o country_n against_o the_o boian_o with_o these_o he_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o the_o po_n where_o he_o encamp_v with_o design_n to_o come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n with_o
numidian_n charge_v their_o flank_n many_o make_v their_o escape_n some_o one_o way_n some_o another_o some_o rally_v about_o the_o consul_n who_o forthwith_o decamp_v from_o about_o the_o tesin_n and_o lead_v his_o troop_n towards_o the_o bridge_n over_o the_o po_n with_o intention_n to_o pass_v there_o for_o as_o the_o champaign_n country_n in_o those_o part_n be_v of_o great_a extent_n and_o that_o hannibal_n be_v strong_a in_o horse_n scipio_n for_o that_o reason_n labour_v to_o lead_v the_o legion_n into_o some_o safe_a and_o more_o proper_a country_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o he_o be_v himself_o indispose_v of_o a_o wound_n he_o receive_v in_o the_o battle_n hannibal_n stay_v some_o time_n in_o expectation_n the_o legion_n will_v have_v appear_v but_o after_o he_o understand_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v abandon_v their_o camp_n he_o follow_v they_o in_o the_o rear_n as_o far_o as_o the_o bridge_n which_o he_o find_v break_v where_o he_o take_v about_o six_o hundred_o prisoner_n of_o those_o that_o be_v leave_v there_o on_o the_o guard_n and_o be_v tell_v that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n be_v now_o march_v a_o good_a distance_n off_o he_o lead_v his_o troop_n up_o along_o the_o river_n in_o search_n of_o a_o proper_a place_n where_o he_o may_v make_v a_o bridge_n and_o after_o two_o day_n march_v have_v find_v mean_n to_o make_v one_o of_o boat_n he_o order_v asdrubal_n to_o lead_v over_o the_o army_n pass_v himself_o likewise_o there_o he_o give_v audience_n to_o sundry_a ambassador_n who_o come_v to_o he_o from_o several_a place_n for_o the_o bruit_n of_o his_o victory_n be_v no_o soon_o spread_v when_o all_o the_o neighbour_a gaul_n become_v dispose_v to_o declare_v for_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o as_o it_o have_v be_v before_o suggest_v they_o now_o court_v their_o friendship_n supply_v they_o with_o whatever_o they_o want_v and_o offer_v frank_o to_o join_v their_o force_n and_o take_v part_n in_o their_o adventure_n hannibal_n give_v courteous_a reception_n to_o those_o who_o be_v come_v with_o these_o tender_v and_o after_o the_o army_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n he_o lead_v they_o back_o down_o the_o stream_n and_o march_v with_o great_a diligence_n to_o intercept_v the_o enemy_n but_o publius_n scipio_n after_o he_o have_v pass_v the_o po_n march_v direct_o to_o placentia_n a_o colony_n of_o the_o roman_n where_o he_o stay_v among_o the_o rest_n who_o be_v hurt_v in_o the_o battle_n to_o attend_v the_o cure_n of_o his_o wound_n and_o believe_v the_o army_n to_o be_v now_o in_o safety_n he_o there_o remain_v without_o further_a attempt_v any_o thing_n but_o hannibal_n arrive_v in_o two_o day_n after_o he_o have_v pass_v the_o river_n draw_v out_o his_o army_n the_o next_o day_n in_o battalion_n in_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o the_o roman_n not_o offer_v to_o stir_v he_o retire_v and_o encamp_v about_o ten_o mile_n off_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o gaul_n who_o bear_v arm_n under_o the_o roman_n behold_v fortune_n now_o to_o declare_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n deliberate_v by_o common_a consent_n to_o desert_n their_o service_n but_o continue_v quiet_a in_o their_o tent_n wait_v the_o time_n to_o put_v their_o purpose_n in_o execution_n and_o now_o when_o the_o army_n be_v repose_v in_o their_o quarter_n about_o the_o four_o watch_n they_o put_v themselves_o into_o arm_n and_o fall_v on_o the_o roman_n that_o be_v near_o at_o hand_n kill_v many_o and_o wound_v many_o more_o and_o cut_v off_o the_o head_n of_o those_o they_o have_v murder_v march_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n to_o the_o number_n of_o two_o thousand_o foot_n and_o two_o hundred_o horse_n hannibal_n by_o the_o kind_a reception_n he_o give_v they_o manifest_v how_o welcome_a the_o action_n be_v to_o he_o and_o after_o he_o have_v with_o great_a gentleness_n invite_v they_o into_o his_o service_n and_o with_o ample_a promise_n to_o every_o one_o according_a to_o his_o degree_n he_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o retire_v for_o the_o present_a to_o their_o respective_a habitation_n thereby_o to_o spread_v the_o fame_n of_o his_o action_n and_o to_o win_v over_o other_o to_o the_o service_n and_o friendship_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o he_o have_v reason_n to_o conclude_v they_o will_v now_o be_v constrain_v for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o come_v in_o to_o he_o after_o so_o perfidious_a a_o act_n do_v by_o their_o countryman_n at_o the_o same_o time_n ambassador_n come_v to_o he_o from_o the_o boian_o bring_v with_o they_o a_o present_a of_o the_o three_o roman_a commissioner_n they_o have_v take_v as_o be_v observe_v on_o the_o break_n out_o of_o the_o war_n who_o have_v be_v depute_v for_o the_o divide_n and_o set_v out_o the_o land_n in_o their_o colony_n hannibal_n grateful_o receive_v their_o message_n and_o their_o offer_n and_o enter_v into_o confederacy_n with_o they_o but_o restore_v back_o the_o prisoner_n to_o their_o keep_n advise_v they_o to_o secure_v they_o under_o a_o safe_a guard_n whereby_o to_o redeem_v their_o hostage_n as_o they_o have_v former_o propose_v sciplo_fw-la much_o lament_v the_o loss_n of_o his_o people_n who_o have_v be_v cut_v off_o by_o so_o vile_a a_o act_n of_o treachery_n and_o right_o judge_v that_o the_o gaul_n who_o of_o a_o long_a time_n have_v nourish_v a_o inbred_a aversion_n to_o the_o roman_n will_v especial_o those_o of_o the_o neighbour_a country_n after_o have_v act_v so_o criminal_a a_o part_n go_v over_o to_o the_o carthaginian_n he_o therefore_o think_v it_o wisdom_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v to_o be_v more_o on_o his_o guard_n touch_v that_o people_n wherefore_o he_o decamp_v about_o the_o four_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n follow_v and_o march_v and_o encamp_v near_o the_o river_n trebia_n upon_o certain_a eminence_n not_o far_o off_o rest_v pretty_a well_o assure_v of_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o situation_n it_o be_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o many_o of_o their_o ally_n hannibal_n get_v intelligence_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o roman_n send_v his_o numidian_n in_o pursuit_n of_o they_o after_o these_o march_v the_o whole_a horse_n of_o the_o army_n and_o himself_o with_o the_o gross_a soon_o follow_v they_o the_o numidian_n come_v to_o the_o roman_n camp_n and_o find_v it_o empty_a stay_v to_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n which_o great_o avail_v the_o roman_n in_o their_o retreat_n for_o the_o horse_n but_o for_o this_o delay_n cause_v by_o the_o numidian_n have_v certain_o overtake_v the_o roman_n before_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o plain_n in_o which_o case_n they_o undoubted_o have_v be_v very_o much_o expose_v but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o roman_a army_n have_v now_o time_n to_o pass_v over_o the_o trebia_n the_o enemy_n come_v short_a have_v only_o the_o occasion_n leave_v they_o of_o attacking_z their_o rearguard_n whereof_o some_o be_v slay_v and_o other_o make_v prisoner_n scipio_n then_o have_v thus_o compass_v his_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n encamp_v i_o say_v on_o high_a ground_n not_o far_o from_o it_o and_o entrench_v himself_o there_o attended_z the_o come_n of_o tiberius_n and_o the_o legion_n that_o be_v with_o he_o use_v all_o possible_a care_n and_o skill_n to_o get_v well_o of_o his_o wound_n that_o he_o may_v be_v in_o a_o state_n to_o give_v the_o enemy_n speedy_a battle_n but_o hannibal_n arrive_v two_o day_n after_o he_o have_v pass_v the_o river_n draw_v up_o his_o army_n in_o view_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o not_o be_v dispose_v to_o engage_v he_o he_o march_v away_o and_o encamp_v six_o mile_n off_o the_o gaul_n who_o have_v now_o recover_v courage_n by_o the_o hope_n he_o have_v give_v they_o supply_v he_o with_o provision_n in_o abundance_n and_o all_o thing_n else_o of_o which_o he_o stand_v in_o need_n be_v determine_v to_o share_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o all_o that_o shall_v befall_v they_o when_o the_o news_n come_v to_o rome_n of_o the_o battle_n of_o the_o horse_n they_o be_v astonish_v at_o the_o account_n of_o the_o issue_n as_o expect_v quite_o other_o success_n but_o they_o comfort_v themselves_o with_o many_o reason_n to_o conclude_v that_o at_o least_o they_o be_v not_o quite_o vanquish_v in_o that_o occasion_n some_o take_v leave_v to_o blame_v the_o temerity_n of_o their_o leader_n and_o other_o rage_v against_o the_o perfidious_a gaul_n but_o in_o a_o word_n while_o they_o be_v assure_v that_o their_o legion_n be_v entire_a and_o have_v suffer_v nothing_o they_o be_v resolve_v to_o abate_v nothing_o of_o their_o hope_n and_o when_o tiberius_n sempronius_n arrive_v and_o they_o behold_v his_o troop_n pass_v through_o the_o city_n they_o be_v persuade_v that_o such_o a_o army_n by_o bare_o show_v themselves_o to_o the_o enemy_n will_v do_v enough_o to_o vanquish_v they_o when_o the_o troop_n be_v rendezvous'd_v at_o rimini_n pursuant_n
share_v the_o sole_a honour_n of_o the_o victory_n he_o will_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o his_o colleague_n in_o short_a he_o collect_v by_o all_o these_o circumstance_n that_o flaminius_n be_v likely_a to_o afford_v he_o many_o occasion_n to_o surprise_n he_o and_o lay_v ambush_n in_o his_o way_n to_o gall_n and_o molest_v he_o and_o in_o truth_n he_o be_v not_o mistake_v in_o the_o judgement_n he_o have_v make_v of_o this_o consul_n and_o most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o they_o think_v very_o wide_a of_o the_o truth_n who_o conceive_v that_o to_o acquire_v a_o right_a knowledge_n and_o take_v just_a measure_n of_o the_o humour_n and_o character_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o be_v to_o deal_v with_o be_v not_o among_o the_o prime_a quality_n and_o duty_n of_o a_o general_n for_o as_o not_o only_a when_o we_o fight_v man_n to_o man_n but_o when_o one_o rank_n charge_v another_o he_o who_o think_v of_o victory_n ought_v with_o exact_a care_n to_o observe_v what_o naked_a or_o weak_a part_n the_o enemy_n discover_v whereby_o to_o compass_v his_o end_n in_o like_a manner_n those_o who_o have_v the_o lead_v of_o army_n in_o time_n of_o war_n aught_o with_o skill_n and_o address_v to_o penetrate_v and_o discover_v the_o weak_a side_n of_o the_o mind_n of_o that_o captain_n with_o who_o he_o have_v to_o do_v for_o there_o be_v those_o who_o by_o a_o unaccountable_a kind_n of_o imbecility_n and_o a_o thoughtfulness_n which_o infect_v all_o the_o action_n of_o life_n be_v not_o only_o remiss_a in_o their_o public_a administration_n but_o forget_v what_o belong_v to_o the_o duty_n of_o their_o private_a affair_n some_o be_v so_o abandon_v to_o the_o use_n of_o wine_n that_o neglect_v nature_n invitation_n to_o repose_v they_o become_v at_o length_n unable_a to_o sleep_v otherwise_o than_o by_o the_o fume_n of_o excessive_a drink_v other_o be_v captivate_v by_o love_n who_o have_v not_o only_o thereby_o sacrifice_v the_o safety_n of_o city_n and_o 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be_v always_o expose_v to_o the_o train_n and_o stratagem_n of_o their_o enemy_n wherefore_o he_o who_o wise_o study_v and_o attain_v a_o right_a knowledge_n of_o the_o frailty_n and_o weak-side_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o attack_n he_o there_o by_o vanquish_a the_o leader_n will_v soon_o be_v master_n both_o of_o the_o general_n and_o his_o army_n for_o as_o a_o vessel_n that_o have_v once_o lose_v her_o pilot_n be_v not_o long_o able_a to_o dispute_v it_o with_o a_o enemy_n and_o by_o take_v he_o we_o soon_o become_v master_n of_o all_o that_o be_v under_o his_o charge_n so_o in_o war_n where_o the_o one_o general_n be_v superior_a in_o cunning_a or_o military_a ability_n to_o the_o other_o he_o shall_v also_o render_v his_o army_n superior_a to_o his_o enemy_n thus_o in_o a_o word_n our_o wise_a african_a have_v take_v a_o scantling_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n be_v capacity_n come_v at_o length_n to_o gain_v his_o point_n after_o hannibal_n have_v decamp_v from_o about_o fesulé_n and_o have_v march_v by_o and_o get_v some_o distance_n beyond_o the_o roman_a camp_n he_o sell_v on_o their_o frontier_n whereupon_o the_o consul_n become_v enrage_v to_o be_v thus_o contemn_v as_o he_o conceive_v but_o hannibal_n have_v no_o soon_o begin_v to_o spoil_v and_o ravage_v the_o country_n and_o the_o smoke_n which_o appear_v every_o where_n from_o far_o make_v it_o manifest_v that_o he_o be_v burn_v and_o destroy_v all_o before_o he_o flaminius_n can_v not_o then_o abstain_v from_o tear_n nevertheless_o when_o any_o undertake_v to_o advise_v that_o it_o will_v be_v the_o safe_a course_n however_o not_o to_o follow_v and_o engage_v temerarious_o with_o the_o enemy_n nor_o to_o come_v too_o hasty_o and_o without_o mature_a deliberation_n ration_n to_o a_o battle_n with_o a_o army_n so_o much_o superior_a to_o they_o in_o horse_n and_o above_o all_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o other_o consul_n and_o not_o adventure_v on_o action_n till_o all_o their_o troop_n be_v incorporate_v he_o lend_v so_o deaf_a a_o ear_n to_o these_o counsel_n that_o he_o have_v not_o patience_n so_o much_o as_o to_o hear_v they_o demand_v of_o those_o who_o thus_o advise_v he_o what_o they_o think_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n will_v say_v of_o he_o shall_v he_o permit_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o burn_v and_o destroy_v the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n up_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n while_o he_o remain_v in_o tuscany_n a_o idle_a spectator_n of_o the_o desolation_n of_o his_o country_n and_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o enemy_n without_o attempt_v any_o thing_n wherefore_o he_o decamp_v and_o cause_v the_o army_n to_o march_v and_o without_o regard_n to_o season_n or_o situation_n think_v on_o nothing_o but_o how_o he_o may_v come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n as_o if_o victory_n be_v the_o thing_n of_o all_o other_o he_o least_o doubt_v and_o in_o a_o word_n he_o have_v possess_v the_o army_n with_o so_o strong_a a_o expectation_n of_o success_n that_o there_o be_v see_v more_o camp-wenche_n and_o the_o rake_v holy_a equipage_n of_o boy_n a_o vagabond_n follow_v the_o army_n than_o there_o be_v soldier_n who_o bare_a arm_n and_o all_o this_o rabble_n bring_v with_o they_o chain_n and_o shackle_n to_o secure_v the_o prisoner_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n lead_v his_o army_n through_o tuscany_n on_o that_o quarter_n that_o lie_v towards_o rome_n leave_v the_o city_n of_o corone_n and_o the_o neighbour_a mountain_n on_o his_o left-hand_a and_o on_o his_o right_n the_o lake_n thrasimene_n and_o the_o more_o to_o provoke_v the_o roman_n he_o sack_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o town_n that_o lay_v in_o his_o march_n and_o do_v they_o all_o the_o other_o mischief_n that_o be_v the_o product_n of_o the_o cruel_a war._n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v notice_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o flaminius_n and_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o ground_n proper_a to_o put_v his_o design_n in_o execution_n he_o resolve_v to_o delay_v sight_v no_o long_o the_o ground_n he_o have_v choose_v lie_v thus_o there_o be_v a_o tract_n of_o plain_a even_a ground_n stretch_v out_o in_o length_n a_o good_a distance_n this_o level_n or_o vale_n lay_v between_o and_o be_v enclose_v on_o both_o side_n with_o high_a mountain_n the_o far_a end_n thereof_o be_v bound_v by_o a_o inaccessible_a eminence_n and_o the_o entrance_n border_v on_o a_o lake_n between_o which_o and_o the_o say_a mountain_n there_o be_v a_o very_a narrow_a way_n or_o defile_v which_o lead_v into_o the_o plain_a hannibal_n then_o have_v pass_v into_o the_o plain_a by_o that_o straight_a take_v first_o possession_n of_o the_o high_a ground_n he_o have_v in_o front_n where_o he_o lodge_v his_o spaniard_n and_o african_n behind_o the_o mountain_n on_o the_o right_n he_o post_v the_o baleares_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n order_v in_o one_o deep_a file_n and_o post_v the_o gaulish_a horse_n in_o the_o like_a order_n behind_o the_o mountain_n on_o his_o left_a in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o defile_v we_o mention_v between_o the_o lake_n and_o the_o mountain_n which_o be_v the_o inlet_n to_o the_o plain_a these_o order_n be_v execute_v in_o the_o night_n and_o hannibal_n have_v thus_o surround_v the_o plain_a he_o remain_v quiet_a make_v show_n of_o a_o desire_n to_o sit_v still_o and_o attempt_v nothing_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n flaminius_n follow_v close_o at_o his_o rear_n eager_o pursue_v his_o determination_n to_o attack_v he_o and_o arrive_v in_o the_o evening_n near_o the_o lake_n thrasimene_n he_o there_o encamp_v and_o early_o the_o next_o morning_n march_v with_o his_o vanguard_n along_o the_o vale_n by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o lake_n with_o determination_n to_o fall_v on_o the_o
of_o affair_n shall_v be_v commit_v and_o aim_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a so_o to_o settle_v the_o kingdom_n as_o to_o leave_v no_o motive_n of_o dissension_n or_o discord_n among_o the_o minister_n and_o other_o who_o they_o shall_v employ_v wherefore_o he_o nominate_v apelles_n for_o one_o of_o the_o young_a king_n tutor_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v joint_o trust_v with_o he_o in_o other_o matter_n to_o leontius_n he_o give_v the_o command_n of_o the_o bucklerman_n megalea_n be_v make_v secretary_n taurion_n be_v appoint_v governor_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o alexander_n have_v the_o command_n of_o the_o king_n guard_n but_o in_o conclusion_n megalea_n and_o leontius_n be_v creature_n of_o apelles_n he_o dispose_v they_o as_o he_o please_v and_o therefore_o set_v all_o his_o art_n at_o work_n to_o remove_v alexander_n and_o taurion_n from_o authority_n that_o himself_o may_v have_v the_o power_n or_o execute_v it_o by_o instrument_n of_o his_o own_o all_o which_o design_n he_o have_v in_o great_a likelihood_n bring_v to_o pass_v have_v he_o not_o engage_v in_o that_o secret_a war_n with_o aratus_n wherefore_o he_o come_v at_o length_n to_o feel_v the_o smart_n of_o his_o folly_n and_o reap_v the_o wage_n of_o his_o ambition_n it_o be_v his_o lot_n to_o suffer_v those_o evil_n he_o be_v prepare_v for_o other_o but_o we_o will_v not_o prosecute_v his_o story_n here_o but_o leave_v to_o another_o place_n the_o recital_n of_o the_o manner_n and_o reason_n of_o all_o that_o befall_v he_o it_o be_v now_o time_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o book_n in_o conclusion_n then_o after_o these_o thing_n be_v bring_v to_o pass_v which_o we_o have_v be_v relate_v king_n philip_n return_v to_o argos_n where_o he_o spend_v the_o winter_n among_o his_o friend_n send_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n his_o army_n into_o macedon_n finis_fw-la lib._n iu._n polybius_n general_a history_n of_o the_o transaction_n of_o the_o world_n vol._n ii_o book_n v._o the_o year_n of_o the_o young_a aratus_n praetorship_n expire_v about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o april_n the_o the_o beginning_n of_o april_n rise_n of_o the_o pleyade_n for_o so_o the_o achaian_n compute_v who_o be_v succeed_v by_o eperatus_n dorimachus_n hold_v then_o that_o trust_v in_o aetolia_n about_o the_o same_o time_n hannibal_n have_v open_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o roman_n depart_v from_o new-carthage_n and_o pass_v the_o river_n eber_n enter_v on_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o design_n and_o begin_v his_o march_n towards_o italy_n while_o at_o rome_n tiberius_n sempronius_n be_v dispatch_v towards_o africa_n and_o pub._n cornelius_n scipio_n towards_o spain_n at_o the_o head_n of_o their_o army_n furthermore_o antiochus_n and_o ptolemy_n come_v to_o despair_v by_o conference_n and_o embassy_n to_o compose_v the_o difference_n that_o be_v grow_v between_o they_o about_o the_o low_a syria_n have_v likewise_o enter_v into_o hostility_n one_o with_o another_o as_o to_o king_n philip_n he_o come_v to_o want_v money_n and_o provision_n for_o his_o army_n have_v convocate_v by_o their_o magistrate_n the_o assembly_n of_o the_o achainas_n which_o according_a to_o custom_n be_v hold_v at_o aegium_n where_o perceive_v aratus_n ill_o satisfy_v with_o the_o practice_n of_o apelles_n have_v willing_o resign_v his_o authority_n and_o find_v eperatus_n unqualify_v for_o business_n and_o in_o no_o esteem_n with_o the_o people_n he_o come_v at_o length_n to_o discern_v the_o foul_a play_n of_o apelles_n and_o leontius_n which_o renew_v his_o esteem_n for_o aratus_n who_o he_o now_o consider_v more_o than_o ever_o not_o long_o after_o have_v prevail_v with_o the_o magistrate_n that_o their_o next_o convention_n shall_v be_v at_o sicyon_n he_o there_o have_v private_a conference_n with_o the_o two_o aratus_n and_o impute_v all_o that_o have_v pass_v to_o the_o artifices_fw-la of_o apelles_n pray_v they_o to_o forget_v their_o wrong_n and_o continue_v he_o in_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o affection_n as_o heretofore_o whereupon_o come_v to_o a_o new_a accord_n the_o king_n go_v to_o the_o assembly_n where_o without_o difficulty_n he_o obtain_v by_o their_o procurement_n all_o he_o defire_v towards_o the_o furtherance_n of_o his_o affair_n the_o achaian_n then_o decree_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o army_n shall_v begin_v to_o march_v fifty_o talent_n shall_v be_v advance_v to_o the_o king_n be_v three_o month_n pay_v to_o the_o army_n together_o with_o ten_o thousand_o measure_n of_o corn._n and_o it_o be_v also_o further_o resolve_v that_o while_o the_o king_n make_v war_n in_o person_n in_o peloponnesus_n he_o shall_v receive_v seventeen_o talent_n monthly_o after_o these_o act_n of_o the_o assembly_n they_o separate_v and_o retire_v to_o their_o respective_a city_n and_o now_o when_o the_o army_n begin_v to_o move_v from_o their_o winter-quarter_n it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o king_n in_o council_n to_o prosecute_v the_o war_n likewise_o by_o sea_n conclude_v 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slay_v about_o seven_o hundred_o mysian_n of_o his_o party_n and_o compel_v the_o rest_n to_o retire_v after_o this_o repulse_n achoeus_n and_o garsyere_n return_v to_o the_o camp_n while_o the_o selgâ—ans_n doubt_v danger_n from_o a_o sedition_n within_o the_o town_n the_o enemy_n be_v still_o at_o hand_n send_v out_o some_o of_o their_o grave_a inhabitant_n to_o treat_v with_o achoeus_n who_o at_o length_n accord_v they_o peace_n on_o the_o follow_a condition_n that_o they_o shall_v pay_v down_o present_o four_o hundred_o talent_n that_o the_o pednelissâ—an_a prisoner_n shall_v be_v enlarge_v and_o that_o within_o a_o certain_a space_n they_o shall_v pay_v further_o three_o hundred_o talent_n thus_o the_o selgians_n be_v reduce_v to_o manifest_a danger_n of_o lose_v their_o country_n by_o the_o treachery_n of_o logbasis_n have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o rescue_v it_o by_o their_o resolution_n without_o stain_v their_o liberty_n or_o violate_v the_o alliance_n in_o which_o they_o 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aegoean_n and_o the_o lemnite_n terrify_v at_o his_o arrival_n submit_v the_o teii_n and_o colophonii_n also_o apply_v to_o he_o by_o their_o ambassador_n and_o put_v themselves_o and_o town_n under_o his_o protection_n after_o he_o have_v receive_v these_o people_n according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o ancient_a league_n and_o have_v likewise_o receive_v their_o hostage_n he_o entertain_v the_o smyrnian_a ambassador_n with_o singular_a benignity_n for_o indeed_o that_o people_n have_v above_o all_o other_o distinguish_v themselves_o by_o a_o generous_a fidelity_n towards_o he_o from_o thence_o he_o continue_v his_o march_n and_o have_v past_o the_o river_n lycus_n he_o come_v to_o the_o town_n inhabit_v by_o the_o mysian_o and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o country_n of_o the_o carsenses_n and_o in_o short_a spread_v so_o much_o fear_n among_o they_o that_o the_o garrison_n of_o didyma-tiche_n where_o themistocles_n have_v be_v leave_v governor_n by_o achoeus_n deliver_v up_o 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mingle_v a_o thousand_o thracian_n there_o be_v likewise_o mede_n cyssians_n caddusians_n and_o caramanian_o to_o the_o number_n of_o five_o thousand_o who_o be_v order_v to_o obey_v aspasianus_n the_o median_a the_o arabian_n and_o other_o of_o the_o neighbour-nation_n compose_v a_o body_n of_o above_o ten_o thousand_o who_o chief_a be_v zabdiphilus_n the_o greek_a mercenary_n amount_v to_o five_o thousand_o and_o at_o the_o head_n of_o these_o be_v place_v hippolochus_n the_o thessalian_a antiochus_n have_v likewise_o five_o hundred_o candiot_n command_v by_o eurylochus_n and_o a_o thousand_o new-raised_a man_n of_o the_o same_o country_n who_o leader_n be_v zebes_n the_o gortynian_a there_o be_v also_o five_o hundred_o lydian_a slinger_n and_o a_o thousand_o cardacean_n who_o have_v over_o they_o lysimachus_z the_o gaul_n the_o horse_n consist_v of_o about_o six_o thousand_o four_o thousand_o of_o which_o obey_v antipater_n the_o king_n nephew_n the_o rest_n be_v lead_v by_o themison_n in_o conclusion_n the_o army_n of_o antiochus_n consist_v of_o seventy_o two_o thousand_o foot_n the_o horse_n above-noted_n and_o a_o hundred_o and_o two_o elephant_n ptolemy_n first_o march_v to_o pelusium_n where_o he_o encamp_v and_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o rear_n be_v come_v up_o and_o he_o have_v distribute_v bread_n to_o the_o army_n he_o prosecute_v his_o march_n through_o a_o country_n destitute_a of_o water_n along_o the_o mountain_n casius_n pass_v by_o a_o place_n call_v barathra_n when_o he_o arrive_v at_o gaza_n he_o draw_v out_o a_o detachment_n with_o which_o he_o march_v and_o advance_v before_o the_o army_n without_o any_o apprehension_n of_o impediment_n the_o five_o day_n he_o come_v to_o a_o place_n where_o he_o purpose_v to_o halt_v encamp_v about_o fifty_o furlong_n from_o raphia_n this_o be_v the_o first_o city_n of_o the_o low_a syria_n after_o rhinocorura_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o way_n from_o egypt_n into_o that_o country_n antiochus_n at_o the_o same_o time_n advance_v with_o his_o army_n and_o pass_v by_o raphia_n he_o encamp_v by_o night_n about_o ten_o furlong_n from_o the_o enemy_n for_o a_o while_n their_o camp_n stand_v at_o this_o distance_n one_o from_o another_o but_o short_o after_o antiochus_z decamp_v and_o come_v and_o lodge_v near_o the_o enemy_n as_o well_o to_o better_v the_o convenience_n of_o his_o army_n abode_n as_o to_o hearten_v the_o soldier_n so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o now_o above_o five_o furlong_n space_n between_o their_o two_o camp_n insomuch_o that_o those_o who_o go_v to_o water_n and_o march_v out_o to_o forage_v have_v frequent_a rencounter_n and_o often_o by_o party_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n pickeer_v between_o their_o camp_n here_o theodotus_n give_v a_o instance_n of_o aetolian_a resolution_n and_o indeed_o worthy_a of_o a_o true_o fearless_a man_n for_o have_v reside_v heretofore_o in_o ptolomy_n court_n and_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o way_n and_o manner_n of_o that_o prince_n he_o get_v a_o little_a before_o daybreak_n into_o
thing_n i_o say_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a first_o to_o explain_v to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v avoid_v all_o danger_n of_o obscurity_n in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o our_o history_n and_o preserve_v the_o coherence_n and_o gradation_n of_o cause_n and_o thing_n unbroken_a it_o be_v likewise_o further_o necessary_a that_o we_o shall_v take_v our_o beginning_n from_o some_o certain_a and_o limit_a period_n of_o time_n know_v and_o remarkable_a to_o all_o and_o this_o will_v be_v find_v so_o very_o useful_a that_o matter_n will_v almost_o explain_v themselves_o when_o there_o shall_v be_v occasion_n to_o look_v back_o to_o renew_v in_o the_o mind_n the_o notice_n of_o what_o be_v past_a for_o where_o account_n be_v not_o found_v on_o plain_a and_o uncontroverted_a testimony_n we_o read_v without_o faith_n and_o determine_v of_o nothing_o whereas_o when_o the_o understanding_n be_v once_o set_v right_a and_o establish_v on_o the_o evidence_n of_o clear_a and_o unblemished_a ground_n we_o study_v and_o digest_v what_o we_o read_v with_o pleasure_n and_o assurance_n and_o yield_v a_o ready_a consent_n to_o the_o candour_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o writer_n nineteen_o year_n after_o the_o naval_a battle_n that_o 〈◊〉_d â—ought_v on_o the_o river_n aegos_n and_o sixteen_o 〈◊〉_d before_o the_o field_n of_o leuctra_n about_o the_o 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n make_v peace_n with_o the_o persian_a king_n by_o the_o procurement_n of_o antalcidas_n dionysius_n the_o elder_a have_v vanquish_v the_o greek_n who_o inhabit_v italy_n near_o the_o river_n elleporas_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n of_o rhegium_n the_o gaul_n be_v at_o that_o time_n master_n of_o rome_n which_o they_o have_v take_v all_o but_o the_o capitol_n and_o the_o roman_n have_v compound_v with_o the_o enemy_n under_o such_o capitulation_n as_o the_o gaul_n themselves_o think_v fit_a to_o impose_v be_v rescue_v as_o it_o be_v by_o miracle_n and_o restore_v to_o their_o country_n beyond_o all_o expectation_n and_o have_v now_o lay_v in_o some_o material_n towards_o the_o foundation_n of_o their_o grow_a power_n they_o begin_v to_o wage_v war_n on_o the_o neighbour_a state_n and_o after_o they_o have_v well-nigh_o subdue_v the_o latin_n partly_o by_o their_o courage_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o address_n they_o have_v acquire_v by_o their_o long_a exercise_n in_o arm_n they_o advance_v against_o the_o tuscan_n and_o have_v to_o do_v almost_o at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o the_o gaul_n and_o then_o war_v on_o the_o samnite_n who_o be_v the_o northern_a and_o eastern_a borderer_n upon_o the_o latin_n soon_o after_o and_o about_o a_o year_n before_o the_o gaul_n invade_v greece_n and_o the_o remainder_n of_o that_o people_n who_o have_v rifle_v delphos_n and_o be_v almost_o all_o cut_v off_o pass_v into_o asia_n pyrrhus_n king_n of_o the_o epirot_n arrive_v in_o italy_n invite_v thither_o by_o the_o tarentines_n who_o begin_v to_o apprehend_v the_o consequence_n of_o their_o have_v violate_v the_o roman_a ambassador_n the_o roman_n have_v subdue_v the_o tuscan_n and_o samnite_n and_o often_o vanquish_v the_o celtae_n begin_v to_o prosecute_v their_o success_n against_o the_o rest_n of_o italy_n not_o so_o much_o to_o invade_v the_o property_n of_o their_o neighbour_n as_o to_o ascertain_v and_o secure_v what_o they_o now_o reckon_v their_o own_o have_v by_o their_o long_a and_o frequent_a war_n with_o the_o samnite_n and_o gaul_n great_o improve_v their_o discipline_n and_o experience_n so_o as_o to_o conduct_v their_o army_n with_o better_a prospect_n of_o success_n the_o roman_n have_v then_o great_o to_o their_o reputation_n sustain_v the_o shock_n of_o so_o many_o hazardous_a enterprise_n and_o expel_v all_o foreign_a invader_n and_o even_o pyrrhus_n himself_o out_o of_o italy_n they_o now_o proceed_v to_o show_v their_o resentment_n against_o those_o who_o have_v take_v part_n with_o that_o prince_n who_o after_o they_o have_v subdue_v and_o bring_v under_o their_o power_n together_o with_o what_o remain_v unconquered_a of_o italy_n the_o gaul_n only_o except_v they_o make_v a_o expedition_n against_o rhegium_n then_o possess_v by_o certain_a of_o their_o own_o mutinous_a subject_n one_o and_o the_o same_o adventure_n befall_v two_o principal_a place_n situate_v in_o the_o straight_a of_o that_o sea_n namely_o rhegium_n and_o messina_n in_o short_a some_o time_n before_o those_o thing_n happen_v which_o we_o have_v be_v relate_v a_o party_n of_o campanian_a mercenary_n who_o have_v serve_v under_o agathocles_n in_o sicily_n tempt_v with_o the_o beauty_n and_o riches_n of_o messina_n form_v a_o conspiracy_n to_o surprise_v it_o and_o keep_v the_o possession_n which_o they_o do_v by_o treachery_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o town_n and_o entertain_v as_o friend_n when_o they_o become_v master_n of_o the_o place_n some_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n they_o expel_v and_o other_o they_o murder_v retain_v to_o their_o own_o use_n the_o wife_n and_o child_n of_o that_o unfortunate_a people_n as_o they_o chance_v to_o fall_v into_o their_o hand_n during_o the_o dispute_n thus_o have_v without_o much_o hazard_n or_o trouble_v obtain_v a_o remarkable_a victory_n and_o become_v possess_v of_o a_o opulent_a city_n they_o divide_v the_o riches_n and_o territory_n among_o themselves_o this_o action_n give_v example_n to_o another_o of_o the_o like_a barbarous_a treachery_n during_o pyrrhus_n devastation_n in_o italy_n those_o of_o rhegium_n apprehensive_a of_o the_o danger_n of_o this_o new_a and_o formidable_a enemy_n and_o be_v on_o the_o other_o hand_n in_o dread_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o be_v in_o those_o day_n master_n of_o the_o sea_n beseech_v the_o roman_n to_o lend_v they_o succour_n and_o furnish_v they_o with_o a_o garrison_n according_o they_o supply_v they_o with_o four_o thousand_o man_n give_v the_o command_n to_o one_o decius_n a_o campanian_a who_o for_o some_o time_n keep_v good_a garrison_n and_o demean_v themselves_o as_o they_o ought_v but_o at_o length_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o mamertine_n who_o supply_v they_o with_o force_n to_o effect_v their_o treachery_n they_o violate_v their_o faith_n by_o the_o like_a villainous_a act_n tempt_v thereunto_o by_o the_o commodious_a situation_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o who_o have_v possess_v the_o town_n some_o they_o expel_v and_o some_o they_o cut_v off_o transcribe_v the_o treachery_n of_o that_o people_n exact_o the_o roman_n have_v a_o just_a sense_n of_o this_o wicked_a act_n but_o have_v at_o that_o time_n too_o much_o business_n on_o their_o hand_n by_o the_o war_n we_o but_o now_o relate_v be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o express_v their_o indignation_n in_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o author_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o their_o affair_n permit_v they_o march_v against_o rhegium_n where_o they_o strait_o besiege_v the_o traitor_n and_o in_o the_o end_n subdue_v they_o who_o fight_v obstinate_o as_o be_v desperate_a of_o pardon_n not_o above_o three_o hundred_o of_o they_o be_v take_v alive_a who_o be_v send_v to_o rome_n be_v by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o praetor_n drag_v to_o the_o common_a place_n of_o execution_n where_o as_o the_o manner_n be_v they_o be_v first_o scourge_v with_o rod_n and_o then_o behead_v the_o roman_n over_z and_o above_o the_o equity_n be_v not_o without_o foresight_n that_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o act_n will_v be_v to_o conciliate_v in_o their_o neighbour_n the_o opinion_n of_o their_o justice_n and_o honour_n which_o have_v be_v much_o blemish_v mish_v by_o this_o piece_n of_o treachery_n so_o the_o rhegian_o be_v forthwith_o restore_v to_o their_o town_n and_o their_o possession_n as_o to_o the_o mamertine_n for_o that_o appellation_n those_o campanian_o assume_v who_o have_v so_o wrongful_o possess_v messina_n they_o enjoy_v without_o any_o molestation_n both_o the_o town_n and_o territory_n so_o long_o as_o they_o can_v derive_v succour_n from_o the_o roman_n their_o friend_n in_o rhegium_n and_o live_v not_o only_o secure_v and_o fearless_a of_o any_o danger_n but_o be_v often_o the_o aggressor_n on_o their_o neighbour_n the_o carthaginian_n and_o those_o of_o syracuse_n and_o give_v they_o work_n enough_o to_o defend_v the_o adjacent_a country_n put_v many_o town_n and_o village_n under_o contribution_n but_o they_o be_v no_o soon_o deprive_v of_o the_o aid_n of_o rhegium_n which_o now_o can_v not_o defend_v itself_o when_o the_o face_n of_o their_o fortune_n change_v be_v attack_v by_o the_o syracusian_n and_o drive_v within_o their_o own_o wall_n that_o people_n have_v declare_v war_n against_o they_o for_o reason_n we_o shall_v brief_o deliver_v sometime_o before_o this_o while_o the_o army_n of_o the_o syracusian_n encamp_v near_o mergania_n there_o happen_v a_o dissension_n between_o the_o soldier_n and_o citizen_n of_o syracuse_n the_o soldier_n thereupon_o make_v choice_n of_o new_a leader_n namely_o artemidorus_n and_o hieron_n who_o be_v
injury_n and_o to_o render_v mark_n of_o their_o gratitude_n to_o those_o who_o so_o ready_o succour_v they_o but_o so_o it_o happen_v that_o they_o do_v neither_o but_o dispatch_v forthwith_o their_o ambassador_n to_o queen_n teuta_n and_o enter_v into_o confederacy_n with_o the_o illyrian_n and_o acarnanian_o insomuch_o that_o they_o never_o after_o quit_v their_o league_n with_o they_o and_o continue_v in_o perpetual_a enmity_n with_o the_o achaian_n and_o aetolian_n by_o which_o act_n they_o give_v at_o once_o manifest_a evidence_n of_o their_o ingratitude_n and_o imprudence_n whosoever_o fall_n into_o misfortune_n which_o human_a reason_n or_o foresight_n can_v not_o obviate_v no_o man_n can_v just_o charge_v they_o with_o the_o evil_a that_o they_o suffer_v but_o attribute_v it_o mere_o to_o fortune_n and_o those_o who_o be_v the_o cause_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n when_o calamity_n befall_v we_o through_o our_o own_o imprudence_n we_o must_v be_v content_a to_o bear_v the_o blame_n therefore_o it_o be_v that_o when_o we_o behold_v a_o miserable_a man_n make_v so_o pure_o by_o the_o malignity_n of_o fortune_n we_o can_v withhold_v our_o compassion_n and_o be_v so_o far_o from_o condemn_v he_o that_o we_o minister_v to_o his_o relief_n but_o when_o our_o misery_n be_v the_o fruit_n of_o our_o folly_n and_o obstinacy_n we_o become_v just_o the_o reproach_n and_o contempt_n of_o every_o wise_a man._n now_o who_o that_o have_v ever_o hear_v of_o the_o inconstancy_n and_o notorious_a perfidy_n of_o the_o gaul_n will_v have_v deposit_v so_o important_a a_o place_n in_o their_o keep_n where_o so_o many_o occasion_n be_v likely_a to_o occur_v to_o tempt_v their_o fidelity_n furthermore_o who_o will_v not_o especial_o have_v hold_v that_o people_n in_o suspicion_n that_o be_v know_v to_o have_v be_v expel_v their_o country_n for_o their_o breach_n of_o faith_n towards_o their_o own_o nation_n who_o after_o be_v take_v into_o the_o service_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n where_o on_o a_o rumour_n that_o their_o mercenary_n be_v likely_a to_o mutiny_n for_o want_v to_o pay_v three_o thousand_o of_o they_o that_o be_v in_o garrison_n at_o agrigentum_n revolt_v and_o plunder_v the_o city_n and_o afterward_o be_v put_v into_o erix_n while_o the_o roman_n lay_v siege_n to_o that_o place_n attempt_v to_o betray_v it_o to_o the_o enemy_n and_o on_o discovery_n of_o their_o treachery_n desert_v the_o service_n and_o go_v over_o to_o the_o roman_n and_o soon_o after_o rifle_v the_o temple_n of_o venus_n ericina_n so_o that_o at_o length_n what_o for_o their_o impiety_n what_o for_o their_o treachery_n the_o roman_n think_v they_o can_v not_o do_v a_o more_o meritorious_a act_n than_o total_o to_o expel_v they_o italy_n and_o in_o a_o word_n the_o peace_n be_v no_o soon_o conclude_v betwixt_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n when_o disarm_v they_o they_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v embark_v and_o banish_v they_o entire_o out_o of_o their_o dominion_n after_o what_o have_v be_v observe_v then_o who_o can_v forbear_v blame_v the_o epyrot_n for_o give_v up_o their_o country_n their_o law_n and_o so_o rich_a happy_a and_o plentiful_a a_o city_n to_o the_o custody_n of_o such_o a_o perfidious_a nation_n what_o apology_n can_v be_v offer_v in_o their_o defence_n and_o who_o will_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o confess_v they_o be_v themselves_o the_o author_n of_o their_o own_o calamity_n this_o reflection_n we_o think_v be_v not_o amiss_o to_o make_v touch_v the_o imprudence_n of_o the_o epyrot_n to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v be_v instruct_v in_o the_o danger_n of_o commit_v the_o safety_n of_o a_o town_n to_o stranger_n who_o strength_n be_v superior_a to_o that_o of_o the_o native_n within_o it_o the_o illyrian_n during_o their_o abode_n at_o phoenicia_n continue_v their_o custom_n of_o piracy_n insult_v over_o and_o pillage_n all_o such_o as_o trade_v from_o the_o coast_n of_o italy_n where_o they_o plunder_v certain_a italian_a merchant_n kill_v some_o and_o carry_v other_o away_o prisoner_n whereupon_o the_o roman_n who_o have_v hit_v herto_o neglect_v the_o complaint_n that_o have_v be_v make_v of_o these_o outrage_n be_v now_o alarm_v with_o new_a clamour_n come_v from_o sundry_a place_n at_o once_o to_o the_o senate_n dispatch_v their_o ambassador_n to_o illyria_n cajus_n and_o lucius_n coruncanus_n to_o be_v right_o inform_v touch_v the_o truth_n of_o these_o report_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n queen_n teuta_n behold_v her_o vessel_n on_o their_o return_n from_o epyrus_n load_v with_o so_o much_o rich_a booty_n for_o phoenicia_n surpass_v all_o the_o city_n in_o that_o kingdom_n in_o wealth_n and_o beauty_n become_v great_o exalt_v and_o encourage_v by_o this_o extraordinary_a success_n and_o thereby_o the_o more_o strong_o incite_v to_o enter_v into_o a_o war_n with_o the_o greek_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v respite_v for_o the_o present_a in_o regard_n of_o some_o trouble_n at_o that_o time_n in_o her_o own_o kingdom_n which_o be_v no_o soon_o compose_v when_o she_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n of_o issa_n which_o alone_o have_v refuse_v to_o yield_v her_o obedience_n about_o which_o time_n it_o be_v that_o the_o roman_a ambassador_n arrive_v who_o be_v admit_v to_o their_o audience_n set_v forth_o the_o injury_n that_o have_v be_v do_v during_o their_o discourse_n teuta_n treat_v they_o with_o great_a pride_n and_o disdain_n in_o short_a tell_v they_o she_o will_v take_v care_n for_o the_o future_a that_o no_o public_a injury_n shall_v be_v do_v to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n by_o the_o illyrian_n but_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o custom_n of_o prince_n to_o forbid_v their_o subject_n to_o make_v their_o particular_a profit_n of_o what_o they_o meet_v with_o in_o open_a sea_n the_o young_a of_o the_o ambassador_n stomach_n this_o answer_n of_o the_o queen_n with_o a_o assurance_n true_o worthy_a of_o a_o roman_a but_o at_o that_o time_n perhaps_o not_o so_o seasonable_a thus_o 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the_o follow_a spring_n dispatch_v another_o fleet_n against_o the_o greek_n more_o numerous_a than_o the_o former_a one_o squadron_n whereof_o sail_v towards_o corfu_n another_o towards_o dyrrhachium_n under_o colour_n of_o supply_v themselves_o with_o victual_n and_o water_n but_o with_o design_n to_o surprise_v the_o town_n the_o inhabitant_n on_o their_o arrival_n suspect_v nothing_o imprudent_o admit_v some_o of_o they_o into_o the_o town_n under_o pretence_n of_o fetch_v water_n these_o have_v arm_n conceal_v in_o their_o water-vessel_n be_v no_o soon_o enter_v when_o kill_v the_o guard_n they_o become_v master_n of_o the_o gate_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n as_o it_o have_v be_v concert_v between_o they_o those_o who_o remain_v in_o the_o ship_n come_v to_o assist_v they_o so_o that_o by_o this_o reinforcement_n they_o be_v quick_o master_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o work_n and_o now_o albeit_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v but_o ill_o provide_v for_o such_o a_o rencounter_n 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great_a spoil_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n of_o that_o people_n observe_v there_o be_v no_o end_n of_o the_o molestation_n the_o roman_n give_v they_o determine_v at_o length_n to_o put_v all_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o a_o battle_n according_o have_v assemble_v and_o rendezvous'd_v all_o their_o troop_n in_o one_o certain_a place_n they_o possess_v themselves_o of_o all_o the_o treasure_n jewel_n and_o gold_n belong_v to_o the_o temple_n of_o minerva_n and_o by_o they_o call_v immovables_n with_o which_o they_o make_v provision_n of_o all_o thing_n they_o need_v to_o further_a their_o design_n and_o be_v now_o well_o provide_v they_o march_v cheerful_o against_o the_o roman_n and_o encamp_v in_o their_o view_n with_o a_o army_n of_o fifty_o thousand_o fight_n men._n the_o roman_n plain_o see_v the_o enemy_n much_o exceed_v they_o in_o number_n and_o be_v therefore_o think_v to_o reinforce_v their_o army_n by_o a_o addition_n of_o those_o gaul_n who_o be_v in_o amity_n with_o they_o 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be_v do_v they_o prepare_v to_o receive_v the_o enemy_n the_o soldier_n deserve_v great_a commendation_n by_o the_o address_n and_o skill_n they_o show_v in_o this_o battle_n have_v be_v instruct_v it_o seem_v how_o they_o be_v to_o behave_v themselves_o single_o or_o in_o a_o body_n for_o the_o tribune_n have_v remark_v in_o their_o former_a conflict_n that_o the_o gaul_n be_v not_o formidable_a but_o in_o the_o ardour_n of_o the_o first_o attack_v that_o their_o sword_n be_v of_o such_o a_o fashion_n and_o temper_n that_o they_o can_v give_v but_o one_o good_a out_o or_o two_o and_o then_o they_o will_v stand_v bend_v in_o their_o hand_n and_o if_o they_o have_v not_o time_n to_o straighten_v they_o with_o their_o foot_n on_o the_o ground_n they_o become_v of_o no_o more_o use_n wherefore_o the_o tribune_n distribute_v among_o the_o first_o cohort_n the_o javelin_n use_v by_o the_o triarian_o who_o be_v those_o that_o march_v in_o the_o rear_n rank_n command_v the_o soldier_n first_o to_o make_v use_n of_o those_o arm_n and_o then_o to_o draw_v their_o sword_n and_o now_o when_o they_o come_v to_o engage_v they_o attack_v the_o gaul_n as_o they_o have_v be_v order_v who_o sword_n by_o the_o first_o stroke_n on_o the_o roman_a javelin_n become_v bend_v and_o useless_a then_o the_o roman_n advance_v near_o with_o their_o sword_n get_v so_o within_o they_o that_o they_o have_v not_o room_n to_o lift_v their_o arm_n to_o take_v a_o cut_a stroke_n which_o be_v their_o manner_n of_o fight_v who_o sword_n have_v no_o point_n while_o those_o of_o the_o roman_n on_o the_o contrary_a be_v fashion_v for_o cut_v and_o thrust_v redouble_v the_o one_o after_o the_o other_o they_o cut_v and_o pierce_v the_o gaul_n in_o the_o face_n and_o breast_n and_o make_v a_o terrible_a slaughter_n among_o they_o thus_o the_o gaul_n be_v beat_v and_o the_o honour_n of_o that_o day_n principal_o attribute_v to_o the_o prudence_n and_o ability_n of_o the_o tribune_n for_o the_o consul_n flaminius_n be_v to_o seek_v and_o have_v not_o sufficient_o provide_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o army_n who_o draw_v up_o near_o the_o river_n have_v so_o order_v it_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v deprive_v of_o one_o great_a benefit_n which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o in_o battle_n leave_v they_o not_o space_n enough_o betwixt_o their_o rear_n and_o the_o river_n to_o retire_v when_o occasion_n shall_v make_v it_o necessary_a so_o that_o if_o during_o the_o battle_n the_o roman_n have_v be_v press_v never_o so_o little_a they_o have_v not_o whither_o to_o retire_v but_o into_o the_o river_n so_o great_a a_o oversight_n be_v the_o consul_n guilty_a of_o in_o that_o occasion_n but_o so_o it_o happen_v as_o we_o have_v relate_v that_o the_o roman_n by_o their_o resolution_n get_v a_o signal_n victory_n return_v to_o rome_n load_v with_o spoil_n and_o glory_n the_o follow_a year_n the_o gaul_n send_v their_o ambassador_n to_o the_o roman_n to_o treat_v of_o a_o peace_n on_o whatsoever_o condition_n they_o shall_v please_v to_o grant_v it_o but_o the_o consul_n m._n claudius_n and_o cn._n cornelius_n will_v not_o yield_v to_o treat_v with_o they_o whereupon_o they_o resolve_v to_o make_v their_o last_o effort_n and_o put_v it_o once_o again_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o war._n they_o therefore_o dispatch_v order_n for_o levy_v of_o man_n among_o the_o goesatae_n who_o inhabit_v about_o the_o rhone_n of_o which_o people_n have_v take_v thirty_o thousand_o into_o their_o pay_n they_o continue_v in_o arm_n in_o expectation_n of_o the_o enemy_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n the_o consul_n lead_v their_o army_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o insubrian_o and_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o acerras_n situate_v between_o the_o po_n and_o the_o alps_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o insubrian_o be_v willing_a to_o do_v their_o best_a to_o raise_v the_o siege_n but_o know_v no_o way_n how_o to_o succour_v the_o besiege_a the_o enemy_n be_v possess_v of_o all_o the_o avenue_n they_o therefore_o pass_v the_o po_n with_o some_o of_o their_o troop_n and_o march_v they_o into_o the_o roman_a territory_n sit_v down_o before_o clastidium_n the_o consul_n receive_v this_o news_n m._n claudius_n marcellus_n take_v with_o he_o all_o the_o roman_a horse_n and_o a_o good_a body_n of_o foot_n march_v away_o with_o diligence_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o that_o place_n of_o who_o come_v the_o gaul_n have_v get_v intelligence_n rise_v from_o before_o it_o and_o march_v in_o battalion_n against_o he_o and_o come_v to_o engage_v they_o make_v for_o a_o while_o a_o good_a stand_n against_o the_o horse_n but_o be_v at_o length_n charge_v in_o flank_n and_o rear_n they_o be_v force_v to_o yield_v the_o advantage_n to_o the_o roman_n betake_v they_o to_o flight_n many_o perish_v in_o the_o river_n which_o they_o attempt_v to_o repass_v and_o more_o be_v slay_v on_o the_o spot_n acerre_v likewise_o soon_o surrender_v where_o have_v be_v lodge_v great_a store_n of_o ammunition_n and_o the_o gaul_n retire_v to_o milan_n which_o be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o insubrian_o but_o cornelius_n follow_v they_o without_o loss_n of_o time_n and_o march_v after_o they_o thither_o where_o the_o gaul_n attempt_v nothing_o during_o his_o stay_n but_o on_o his_o march_v back_o towards_o acerres_n they_o follow_v he_o and_z attacking_z his_o rear_n kill_v many_o and_o put_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n to_o flight_n till_o cornelius_n face_v about_o at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o vanguard_n of_o the_o army_n command_v those_o that_o be_v fly_v to_o make_v a_o stand_n and_o face_n towards_o the_o enemy_n these_o order_n be_v obey_v the_o roman_n make_v head_n against_o they_o that_o charge_v their_o rear_n but_o the_o gaul_n flesh_v with_o victory_n which_o they_o think_v now_o sure_a sustain_v for_o a_o time_n the_o charge_n but_o it_o be_v not_o long_o ever_o they_o give_v ground_n and_o fly_v seek_v sanctuary_n in_o the_o neighbour_a mountain_n whether_o cornelius_n follow_v they_o and_o then_o march_v into_o the_o country_n which_o he_o spoil_v and_o harass_v and_o advance_v to_o milan_n take_v it_o by_o force_n so_o that_o after_o this_o defeat_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o insubrian_o find_v it_o in_o vain_a further_o to_o contend_v submit_v and_o put_v themselves_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o roman_n behold_v now_o the_o success_n of_o the_o war_n which_o the_o roman_n wage_v against_o the_o gaul_n wherein_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o courage_n and_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o mighty_a battle_n and_o the_o multitude_n that_o compose_v their_o army_n and_o the_o slaughter_n of_o man_n in_o the_o field_n we_o shall_v be_v oblige_v without_o doubt_n to_o consent_v that_o history_n afford_v none_o that_o may_v parallele_v it_o while_o if_o on_o the_o other_o
and_o privilege_n with_o the_o whole_a nation_n aristomachus_n tyrant_n of_o the_o argive_n xeno_n of_o the_o hermionian_o and_o cleonymus_n of_o the_o phliatians_n resign_v their_o authority_n at_o the_o time_n we_o mention_v be_v likewise_o receive_v into_o the_o alliance_n of_o the_o achaian_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o aetolian_n begin_v to_o conceive_v jealousy_n at_o the_o grow_a greatness_n and_o extraordinary_a success_n of_o the_o achaian_n and_o according_a to_o their_o natural_a malice_n and_o ambition_n but_o principal_o in_o hope_n they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o break_v the_o union_n of_o those_o city_n that_o be_v already_o join_v as_o it_o have_v be_v concert_v with_o antiochus_n and_o be_v heretofore_o bring_v to_o pass_v when_o they_o share_v the_o acharnanian_o with_o alexander_n encourage_v therefore_o now_o by_o a_o prospect_n of_o the_o like_a success_n they_o base_o enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o antigonus_n who_o at_o that_o time_n govern_v macedon_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o philip_n than_o a_o child_n they_o do_v the_o like_a also_o with_o cleomenes_n king_n of_o the_o lacedæmonians_n and_o incorporate_v their_o troop_n with_o their_o own_o in_o short_a they_o see_v antigonus_n now_o at_o leisure_n with_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o macedon_n at_o his_o devotion_n and_o be_v well_o assure_v of_o his_o enmity_n to_o the_o achaian_n on_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o surprise_n of_o acrocorinth_a so_o that_o make_v account_n that_o if_o the_o lacedaemonian_n who_o likewise_o bear_v no_o good_a will_n to_o the_o achaian_n will_v hearty_o join_v with_o they_o in_o their_o design_n against_o that_o people_n it_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a to_o succeed_v in_o their_o enterprise_n inasmuch_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o attack_v they_o in_o earnest_n and_o invade_v they_o on_o all_o side_n at_o once_o nor_o will_v the_o aetolian_n have_v be_v without_o reason_n to_o hope_v some_o success_n in_o their_o design_n have_v they_o not_o omit_v one_o principal_a consideration_n namely_o that_o they_o be_v to_o have_v to_o do_v with_o aratus_n who_o great_a ability_n suffice_v to_o obviate_v and_o prevent_v all_o the_o ill_a effect_n that_o can_v be_v threaten_v but_o make_v a_o unjust_a war_n on_o the_o achaian_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o it_o do_v not_o only_o not_o succeed_v as_o they_o have_v propose_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a as_o by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o aratus_n who_o be_v then_o praetor_n their_o design_n be_v break_v and_o defeat_v so_o the_o confederacy_n become_v strong_a and_o the_o achaian_n great_a than_o before_o and_o by_o what_o shall_v be_v further_o relate_v it_o will_v appear_v how_o they_o effect_v their_o purpose_n aratus_n then_o consider_v that_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o benefit_n the_o aetolian_n have_v receive_v by_o the_o friendship_n of_o the_o achaian_n during_o the_o war_n with_o demetrius_n withhold_v they_o for_o the_o present_a out_o of_o shame_n from_o open_o declare_v war_n against_o they_o though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o secret_o practise_v with_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o manifest_v so_o violent_a a_o hatred_n to_o the_o achaian_n that_o when_o cleomenes_n fraudulent_o attack_v they_o and_o surprise_v tegea_n mantinaea_n and_o orchomena_n they_o be_v not_o only_o not_o touch_v or_o concern_v at_o that_o outrage_n and_o violation_n but_o do_v their_o best_a to_o confirm_v he_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o those_o city_n and_o notwithstanding_o their_o natural_a avarice_n to_o gratify_v which_o passion_n a_o very_a slight_a occasion_n suffice_v to_o provoke_v they_o to_o war_n with_o those_o who_o have_v hardly_o injure_v they_o yet_o can_v they_o tame_o suffer_v not_o only_a breach_n of_o faith_n but_o willing_o yield_v up_o great_a city_n to_o the_o possession_n of_o other_o in_o prospect_n that_o the_o grow_a power_n of_o cleomenes_n may_v at_o length_n render_v he_o a_o match_n for_o the_o achaian_n aratus_n therefore_o 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govern_v in_o macedon_n be_v a_o man_n of_o experience_n and_o of_o his_o word_n and_o that_o he_o be_v willing_a enough_o to_o make_v alliance_n and_o be_v not_o without_o this_o consideration_n too_o that_o prince_n have_v natural_o neither_o friend_n nor_o enemy_n but_o measure_n amity_n and_n enmity_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o interest_n he_o therefore_o endeavour_v after_o a_o good_a understanding_n with_o that_o prince_n and_o determine_v to_o propose_v the_o join_v the_o force_n of_o the_o achaian_n with_o his_o but_o there_o be_v many_o weighty_a reason_n that_o convince_v he_o this_o be_v a_o affair_n that_o can_v not_o safe_o be_v treat_v open_o for_o in_o a_o word_n he_o be_v well_o aware_a that_o cleomenes_n and_o the_o aetolian_n will_v not_o only_o oppose_v it_o but_o the_o achaian_n themselves_o will_v have_v reason_n to_o despair_n when_o they_o shall_v see_v their_o praetor_n apply_v to_o their_o enemy_n which_o they_o will_v interpret_v a_o effect_n of_o his_o doubt_n of_o their_o force_n which_o he_o think_v necessary_a by_o all_o mean_n to_o prevent_v he_o resolve_v therefore_o to_o prosecute_v his_o purpose_n with_o such_o caution_n as_o to_o leave_v no_o room_n for_o suspicion_n and_o the_o better_a to_o bring_v it_o to_o pass_v he_o be_v constrain_v both_o to_o do_v and_o say_v many_o thing_n in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o people_n that_o to_o they_o bespeak_v quite_o other_o intention_n than_o those_o he_o have_v harbour_v thus_o he_o keep_v his_o design_n undiscovered_a and_o that_o indeed_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o he_o have_v make_v no_o mention_n thereof_o in_o his_o commentary_n furthermore_o aratus_n be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o the_o megalopolitan_o by_o their_o neighbourhood_n to_o the_o lacedaemonian_n stand_v expose_v above_o all_o other_o to_o the_o violence_n and_o incommodity_n of_o the_o war_n which_o they_o can_v not_o without_o great_a repugnance_n undergo_v and_o that_o the_o achaian_n will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o 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and_o cercidas_n be_v themselves_o send_v to_o the_o
on_o his_o march_n in_o the_o enemy_n rear_n and_o keep_v always_o near_o he_o ever_o encamp_v on_o proper_a ground_n for_o his_o purpose_n which_o he_o very_o well_o know_v how_o to_o choose_v have_v a_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o the_o country_n and_o be_v supply_v from_o the_o place_n behind_o he_o with_o what_o he_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o he_o never_o adventure_v his_o soldier_n abroad_o to_o forage_v nor_o permit_v they_o so_o much_o as_o to_o be_v see_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n wherefore_o be_v enclose_v continual_o within_o their_o rampart_n and_o perpetual_o on_o the_o watch_n to_o spy_v any_o advantage_n by_o the_o mean_v he_o surprise_v and_o cut_v off_o great_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o chaneed_a to_o straggle_v any_o distance_n from_o their_o camp_n or_o who_o out_o of_o contempt_n of_o the_o roman_n forage_v near_o they_o by_o this_o mean_n he_o diminish_v his_o enemy_n number_n and_o breed_v courage_n and_o assurance_n in_o his_o own_o soldier_n and_o by_o these_o little_a combat_n and_o rencounter_n teach_v they_o to_o recover_v their_o spirit_n which_o be_v much_o sink_v by_o their_o late_a calamity_n whereby_o those_o who_o have_v be_v hitherto_o vanquish_v may_v begin_v not_o to_o despair_v of_o victory_n but_o nothing_o can_v draw_v he_o to_o come_v to_o a_o pitch_a field_n while_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n minutius_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v neither_o of_o his_o judgement_n nor_o humour_n for_o he_o lean_v constant_o to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o multitude_n make_v a_o little_a too_o bold_a with_o the_o dictator_n in_o his_o discourse_n represent_v he_o as_o a_o flow_n and_o bashful_a man_n while_o he_o for_o his_o part_n be_v of_o another_o temper_n ready_a to_o enterprise_v any_o thing_n and_o willing_a to_o come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n after_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v waste_v the_o country_n round_o about_o as_o we_o but_o now_o mention_v they_o pass_v the_o apennines_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o sannite_n a_o fertile_a soil_n and_o where_o for_o a_o long_a time_n they_o have_v feel_v nothing_o of_o the_o desolation_n of_o war._n here_o they_o meet_v with_o such_o abundance_n of_o all_o thing_n that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o they_o to_o consume_v the_o store_n either_o by_o their_o expense_n or_o their_o malice_n they_o plunder_v likewise_o the_o land_n of_o the_o beneventine_n where_o there_o be_v a_o colony_n of_o roman_n and_o take_v the_o city_n of_o venosa_fw-la albeit_o a_o strong_a town_n and_o furnish_v for_o defence_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o roman_n follow_v their_o step_n keep_v within_o a_o day_n march_v or_o two_o at_o most_o of_o they_o but_o approach_v not_o near_o be_v in_o no_o wise_a dispose_v to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n whereupon_o when_o hannibal_n find_v that_o fabius_n will_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o fight_v he_o resolve_v to_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o falernum_fw-la a_o town_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o capua_n conclude_v that_o one_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n will_v thereby_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v namely_o that_o either_o he_o shall_v compel_v the_o enemy_n to_o give_v he_o battle_n or_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n it_o will_v be_v make_v manifest_a to_o all_o the_o world_n he_o be_v their_o superior_a and_o that_o the_o roman_n want_v resolution_n to_o come_v to_o a_o decision_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o reckon_v that_o the_o town_n and_o city_n will_v be_v terrify_v into_o submission_n and_o to_o abandon_v the_o roman_n for_o notwithstanding_o hannibal_n two_o victory_n there_o be_v not_o yet_o one_o italian_a town_n that_o have_v take_v part_n with_o he_o but_o preserve_v their_o faith_n entire_a to_o the_o roman_n though_o some_o be_v hard_o press_v and_o streighten_v by_o the_o enemy_n from_o whence_o may_v be_v gather_v what_o deference_n and_o veneration_n they_o have_v for_o the_o roman_a government_n nor_o do_v hannibal_n take_v this_o resolution_n rash_o and_o without_o ripe_a deliberation_n for_o the_o champaign_n country_n about_o capua_n be_v the_o best_a part_n of_o the_o rich_a and_o most_o beautiful_a soil_n in_o the_o world_n furthermore_n it_o border_n on_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o italy_n hold_v intercourse_n with_o all_o foreign_a country_n over_o and_o above_o these_o encouragement_n the_o noble_a and_o most_o beautiful_a town_n of_o all_o italy_n be_v find_v here_o namely_o on_o the_o sea-coast_n sinuessa_n cuma_n puzzola_n naples_n and_o nuceria_n on_o the_o frontier_n towards_o the_o west_n calenum_n and_o theano_n towards_o the_o southeast_n apulia_n and_o nola._n capua_n be_v situate_a in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o country_n and_o surpass_v heretofore_o in_o riches_n and_o luxury_n all_o other_o city_n so_o much_o like_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o fable_n that_o be_v record_v of_o this_o delicious_a territory_n know_v likewise_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o phlegraean-field_n with_o those_o fame_v in_o greece_n for_o their_o beauty_n and_o amoenity_n in_o short_a it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v principal_o for_o this_o happy_a country_n that_o the_o god_n once_o contend_v furthermore_o this_o country_n be_v fortify_v by_o nature_n and_o the_o access_n to_o it_o difficult_a for_o on_o the_o one_o hand_n it_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o other_o by_o a_o chain_n of_o continue_a mountain_n in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v but_o three_o avenue_n to_o it_o and_o these_o very_a straight_a and_o difficult_a over_o the_o say_a mountain_n the_o first_o be_v that_o which_o lead_v to_o samnium_n the_o second_o to_o eribanus_n and_o the_o three_o from_o the_o country_n of_o the_o hirpins_n wherefore_o the_o carthaginian_a be_v not_o without_o hope_n that_o if_o he_o can_v compass_v the_o conquest_n of_o this_o part_n of_o italy_n he_o shall_v be_v able_a from_o thence_o to_o awe_v all_o the_o world_n beside_o and_o bring_v a_o contempt_n on_o his_o fluggish_a enemy_n who_o have_v not_o the_o courage_n to_o forbid_v he_o and_o that_o no_o body_n will_v then_o doubt_v but_o he_o be_v in_o effect_n master_n of_o all_o without_o the_o roman_a retrenchment_n hannibal_n wrought_v on_o by_o these_o reason_n have_v leave_v samnium_n and_o gain_v his_o passage_n by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o mountain_n call_v eribanus_n he_o encamp_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n athurnus_n which_o divide_v and_o run_v through_o that_o part_n of_o campania_n that_o regard_v italy_n and_o from_o hence_o forage_v and_o make_v devastation_n in_o the_o country_n round_o about_o none_o appear_v to_o impeach_v he_o while_o fabius_n though_o wonder_v at_o the_o temerity_n of_o his_o project_n hold_v the_o fast_a to_o his_o first_o determination_n but_o minutius_n on_o the_o contrary_a and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prime_a officer_n of_o the_o army_n persuade_v they_o have_v now_o coop'd-up_a the_o enemy_n become_v very_o instant_a that_o they_o may_v hasten_v their_o march_n into_o campania_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v support_v that_o hannibal_n shall_v without_o control_n pillage_n and_o destroy_v the_o best_a and_o most_o flourish_a part_n of_o italy_n whereupon_o fabius_n make_v show_v of_o be_v reason_v into_o their_o opinion_n and_o feign_v to_o be_v as_o forward_o to_o find_v out_o the_o enemy_n and_o give_v he_o battle_n as_o they_o be_v till_o he_o have_v get_v into_o the_o country_n whither_o he_o march_v the_o army_n with_o great_a expedition_n but_o when_o he_o draw_v near_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o falernians_n he_o content_v himself_o with_o bare_o make_v a_o appearance_n with_o his_o army_n along_o the_o mountain_n and_o to_o keep_v pace_n with_o the_o enemy_n fear_v lest_o their_o ally_n shall_v think_v that_o the_o roman_n out_o of_o dread_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n confine_v themselves_o entire_o to_o their_o camp_n nevertheless_o he_o adventure_v not_o into_o the_o plain_a country_n but_o continue_v to_o shun_v all_o occasion_n of_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n for_o the_o reason_n already_o render_v and_o for_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n much_o outnumbered_a they_o in_o horse_n wherefore_o after_o hannibal_n have_v challenge_v the_o roman_n by_o all_o sort_n of_o provocation_n and_o indignity_n plunder_v all_o campania_n and_o amass_v a_o mighty_a booty_n he_o begin_v to_o consult_v about_o decamp_v resolve_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o part_v with_o his_o spoil_n but_o to_o convey_v it_o to_o some_o fase_n place_n where_o he_o shall_v keep_v his_o winter-quarter_n to_o the_o end_n his_o army_n may_v not_o only_o have_v a_o present_a enjoyment_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o travail_n but_o a_o prospect_n of_o plenty_n of_o every_o good_a thing_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v fabius_n then_o collect_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o return_v by_o the_o way_n he_o come_v conclude_v to_o waylay_v he_o by_o a_o ambush_n in_o the_o desile_n
have_v live_v to_o act_v in_o every_o thing_n the_o part_n of_o a_o able_a and_o virtuous_a citizen_n and_o especial_o in_o this_o occasion_n the_o roman_n resist_v yet_o a_o while_n but_o as_o their_o man_n fall_v their_o ground_n by_o degree_n become_v more_o and_o more_o straighten_v till_o at_o length_n they_o be_v so_o huddle_v up_o that_o they_o have_v not_o space_n to_o move_v and_o wield_v their_o arm_n so_o they_o be_v all_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n the_o two_o consul_n of_o the_o precede_a year_n likewise_o fall_v in_o this_o occasion_n man_n of_o great_a reputation_n for_o their_o wisdom_n and_o probity_n and_o who_o in_o this_o action_n give_v noble_a proof_n of_o the_o power_n and_o extent_n of_o roman_a virtue_n while_o matter_n pass_v thus_o here_o the_o numidian_n who_o go_v in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o roman_a horse_n kill_v the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o and_o take_v some_o prisoner_n a_o few_o get_v into_o venusia_n and_o among_o these_o the_o consul_n terentius_n varro_n a_o person_n every_o way_n unworthy_a and_o who_o be_v choose_v into_o the_o magistracy_n for_o a_o curse_n to_o his_o country_n this_o issue_n have_v the_o field_n of_o cannae_n famous_a for_o the_o number_n of_o illustrious_a man_n there_o present_a on_o both_o side_n as_o well_o on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o vanquish_a as_o the_o victor_n and_o certain_o the_o action_n itself_o witness_v its_o own_o greatness_n for_o of_o six_o thousand_o roman_a horse_n there_o escape_v no_o more_o than_o seventy_o who_o get_v with_o the_o consul_n into_o venusia_n and_o about_o three_o hundred_o of_o the_o ally_n some_o by_o one_o mean_n some_o by_o another_o as_o to_o the_o foot_n ten_o thousand_o be_v make_v prisoner_n who_o be_v not_o in_o the_o action_n of_o the_o rest_n not_o above_o three_o thousand_o escape_v all_o the_o rest_n die_v brave_o with_o their_o sword_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o the_o number_n of_o seventy_o thousand_o in_o a_o word_n the_o great_a advantage_n the_o enemy_n 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city_n for_o it_o be_v our_o purpose_n to_o be_v ever_o very_o particular_a in_o this_o sort_n of_o subject_n and_o to_o endeavour_v to_o give_v such_o a_o prospect_n of_o those_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v find_v worth_a remark_n as_o to_o paint_v they_o as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o view_n at_o least_o to_o engrave_v such_o a_o picture_n of_o they_o in_o the_o mind_n that_o the_o image_n shall_v be_v but_o just_a short_a of_o truth_n itself_o that_o which_o we_o call_v the_o pontic_a sea_n then_o contain_v in_o circuit_n about_o nine_o hundred_o league_n it_o have_v two_o outlet_n or_o strait_n the_o one_o into_o the_o propontis_n the_o other_o give_v it_o communication_n with_o the_o palus-maeotis_n who_o circuit_n be_v upward_o of_o three_o hundred_o league_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o many_o eminent_a river_n of_o asia_n and_o more_o of_o the_o principal_a river_n of_o europe_n discharge_v themselves_o into_o this_o
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express_o forbid_v that_o on_o no_o score_n whatever_o they_o shall_v violate_v either_o temple_n or_o any_o sacred_a thing_n when_o he_o pass_v into_o asia_n to_o revenge_v the_o outrage_n do_v by_o the_o persian_n against_o the_o greek_n he_o do_v his_o utmost_a it_o be_v true_a against_o the_o people_n and_o be_v willing_a to_o render_v their_o punishment_n proportion_v to_o their_o fault_n but_o still_o he_o spare_v the_o temple_n and_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o go_n albeit_o the_o persian_n in_o theâ—â—_n invasion_n of_o greece_n have_v therein_o principal_o exercise_v their_o rage_n philip_n then_o ought_v to_o have_v practise_v according_a to_o these_o excellent_a example_n whereby_o to_o give_v proof_n that_o he_o do_v not_o succeed_v these_o his_o glorious_a ancestor_n less_o in_o magnanimity_n than_o in_o state_n and_o authority_n but_o in_o short_a he_o labour_v all_o his_o life_n long_o to_o give_v proof_n of_o his_o be_v descend_v from_o philip_n 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and_o safe_a than_o to_o subdue_v they_o by_o arm_n victory_n acquire_v by_o force_n compel_v obedience_n but_o when_o it_o be_v gain_v by_o gentleness_n and_o humanity_n it_o attract_v it_o the_o one_o reduce_v not_o the_o stubborn_a mind_n but_o at_o the_o cost_n of_o mighty_a evil_n and_o grievous_a calamity_n while_o the_o other_o lead_v we_o and_o engage_v our_o consent_n furthermore_o where_o victory_n be_v win_v by_o arm_n the_o soldier_n have_v his_o part_n of_o the_o merit_n but_o the_o other_o way_n the_o prince_n reap_v all_o the_o glory_n but_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o this_o error_n be_v not_o entire_o due_a to_o philip_n who_o be_v then_o but_o young_a but_o ought_v principal_o to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o counsel_n of_o those_o about_o he_o of_o which_o number_n be_v aratus_n and_o demetrius_n the_o pharian_a but_o it_o will_v not_o be_v
determination_n to_o march_v and_o to_o take_v their_o way_n by_o laconia_n through_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o argian_n and_o to_o join_v the_o king_n force_n with_o what_o speed_n they_o may_v according_o they_o take_v the_o field_n and_o arrive_v near_o glympia_n a_o fortress_n on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o argian_n and_o lacedaemonian_n it_o chance_v that_o they_o do_v not_o encamp_v with_o that_o circumspection_n which_o they_o ought_v have_v neither_o retrenchment_n or_o palisade_n nor_o be_v the_o place_n where_o they_o encamp_v well_o choose_v but_o in_o confidence_n of_o the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n they_o quarter_v themselves_o under_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o place_n lycurgus_n come_v to_o understand_v the_o messenian_n be_v arrive_v take_v with_o he_o his_o mercenary_n and_o a_o small_a party_n of_o lacedoemonian_o and_o march_v to_o attack_v they_o and_o come_v upon_o they_o about_o the_o close_a of_o the_o evening_n bold_o attempt_v their_o camp_n and_o 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levy_n and_o to_o deliberate_v with_o his_o friend_n how_o to_o proceed_v so_o as_o to_o oblige_v philip_n to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n before_o he_o leave_v laconia_n but_o the_o king_n nevertheless_o march_v from_o elia_n plunder_v and_o ravage_v the_o country_n all_o along_o in_o his_o way_n and_o four_o day_n aster_v return_v to_o amycla_n with_o his_o army_n in_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o soon_o as_o lycurgus_n have_v give_v the_o necessary_a order_n to_o his_o friend_n and_o officer_n touch_v the_o battle_n they_o have_v resolve_v on_o he_o command_v the_o troop_n to_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o town_n consist_v of_o about_o two_o thousand_o man_n take_v possession_n of_o all_o the_o near_a post_n to_o menelaium_n leave_v instruction_n with_o those_o that_o be_v appoint_v to_o remain_v within_o the_o town_n to_o have_v a_o special_a regard_n to_o a_o signal_n that_o he_o will_v give_v they_o which_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o see_v they_o shall_v issue_v out_o of_o the_o town_n 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of_o sparta_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o in_o figure_n it_o be_v round_o it_o stand_v on_o a_o plain_a or_o bottom_n where_o there_o rise_v here_o and_o there_o certain_a hillock_n or_o eminence_n and_o some_o place_n be_v waste_v and_o barren_a on_o the_o westside_n run_v the_o river_n eurotas_n which_o be_v deep_a and_o unfordable_a at_o certain_a season_n of_o the_o year_n the_o mountain_n of_o menelaium_n be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n regard_v the_o north-east_n part_n of_o the_o town_n these_o be_v almost_o inaccessible_a and_o exceed_o high_a command_v all_o the_o space_n of_o ground_n lie_v between_o the_o eurotas_n and_o the_o town_n which_o space_n in_o a_o word_n take_v likewise_o the_o river_n into_o the_o account_n which_o run_v by_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n be_v not_o above_o a_o furlong_n and_o a_o half_a wide_a now_o by_o this_o way_n king_n philip_n be_v oblige_v to_o pass_v in_o his_o return_n from_o his_o expedition_n have_v on_o his_o 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his_o post_n wherefore_o take_v with_o he_o his_o mercenary_n and_o bucklerman_n which_o be_v sustain_v by_o the_o illyrian_n he_o pass_v the_o river_n and_o march_v direct_o towards_o the_o hill_n lycurgus_n who_o can_v not_o but_o understand_v the_o king_n purpose_n put_v himself_o in_o a_o posture_n to_o receive_v he_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n give_v signal_n to_o those_o within_o the_o town_n who_o immediate_o sally_v out_o and_o draw_v up_o as_o they_o have_v be_v order_v place_v the_o horse_n on_o their_o right_n when_o philip_n be_v advance_v somewhat_o near_o to_o lycurgus_n he_o order_v the_o mercenary_n to_o march_v to_o the_o attack_z and_o so_o begin_v the_o battle_n for_o a_o while_n the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v the_o advantage_n both_o in_o their_o arm_n and_o the_o ground_n have_v also_o the_o better_a in_o the_o dispute_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o bucklerman_n advance_v to_o sustain_v the_o other_o and_o that_o philip_n himself_o with_o the_o illyrian_n fall_v on_o their_o flank_n the_o mercenary_n on_o the_o come_n up_o of_o this_o relief_n take_v new_a courage_n and_o engage_v with_o so_o much_o bravery_n that_o lycurgus_n be_v worsted_n and_o betake_v himself_o to_o flight_n leave_v about_o a_o hundred_o of_o his_o man_n dead_a on_o the_o place_n and_o 〈◊〉_d great_a number_n that_o be_v take_v prisoner_n many_o get_v into_o the_o town_n and_o lycurgâ—s_n himself_n favour_v by_o the_o come_n on_o of_o the_o night_n get_v likewise_o through_o byway_n into_o sparta_n whereupon_o philip_n have_v now_o the_o mountain_n to_o friend_n where_o he_o place_v the_o illyrian_n on_o the_o guard_n return_v himself_o with_o the_o bucklerman_n and_o mercenary_n to_o the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n at_o the_o same_o time_n aratus_n come_v from_o amyclâ—e_n with_o the_o phalanx_n on_o who_o approach_n to_o the_o town_n philip_n repass_a the_o river_n to_o
countenance_v his_o march_n post_v himself_o with_o the_o bucklerman_n and_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o cover_v those_o also_o who_o carry_v heavy_a arm_n during_o their_o passage_n by_o that_o straight_a piece_n of_o ground_n along_o by_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n those_o who_o be_v draw_v up_o near_a the_o town_n attack_v the_o horse_n who_o be_v post_v to_o cover_v the_o march_n of_o the_o rest_n in_o which_o occasion_n the_o dispute_n be_v very_o obstinate_a where_o the_o bucklerman_n perform_v excellent_a service_n but_o in_o conclusion_n the_o king_n have_v the_o better_a here_o likewise_o and_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n horse_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n pass_v the_o river_n without_o difficulty_n and_o join_v the_o phalanx_n but_o night_n now_o approach_v he_o find_v it_o behoveful_a to_o hasten_v his_o retreat_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o encamp_v on_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n just_a without_o the_o straight_a or_o defilée_n it_o so_o chance_v that_o the_o guide_n themselves_o have_v pitch_v on_o that_o very_a place_n wherein_o to_o encamp_v be_v so_o advantageous_a a_o spot_n that_o whosoever_o will_v make_v incursion_n into_o laconia_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o choose_v a_o more_o commodious_a post_n for_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o way_n to_o tegaea_n and_o the_o inland_a part_n of_o the_o country_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n command_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o defilée_n distant_a about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n from_o sparta_n that_o side_n which_o look_v towards_o the_o town_n be_v cover_v by_o the_o brow_n of_o a_o inaccessible_a hill_n it_o lie_v i_o say_v just_a under_o the_o rock_n and_o precipice_n thereof_o be_v a_o level_a piece_n of_o ground_n plentiful_o supply_v with_o water_n insomuch_o as_o it_o seem_v destine_v by_o nature_n to_o ensure_v to_o the_o soldier_n a_o safâ—_n entrance_n and_o retreat_n where_o be_v once_o encamp_v and_o master_n of_o the_o eminence_n they_o may_v with_o assurance_n say_v they_o be_v both_o safe_a and_o possess_v of_o a_o most_o pleasant_a post_n which_o command_v the_o passage_n in_o and_o out_o of_o the_o straight_a here_o philip_n have_v pass_v the_o night_n without_o any_o alarm_n in_o the_o morning_n cause_v his_o baggage_n first_o to_o march_v and_o lead_v the_o army_n into_o the_o plain_n he_o there_o draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n in_o view_n of_o the_o city_n of_o sparta_n where_o he_o remain_v a_o while_n to_o see_v if_o the_o enemy_n be_v dispose_v to_o further_a action_n then_o make_v a_o short_a turn_n take_v his_o way_n towards_o tegaea_n and_o come_v to_o the_o ground_n where_o the_o battle_n have_v be_v heretofore_o fight_v between_o antigonus_n and_o cleomenes_n he_o there_o encamp_v and_o the_o next_o day_n after_o he_o have_v well_o observe_v every_o thing_n and_o sacrifice_v on_o the_o top_n of_o either_o mountain_n the_o one_o be_v call_v olympia_n the_o other_o eva_n secure_v his_o rearguard_n he_o prosecute_v his_o march_n to_o tegaea_n where_o he_o command_v the_o booty_n to_o be_v sell_v and_o then_o return_v by_o argoâ—_n to_o corinth_n with_o the_o whole_a army_n there_o he_o be_v meet_v by_o ambassador_n from_o rhodes_n and_o chios_n who_o be_v dispatch_v to_o he_o on_o the_o subject_n of_o a_o pacification_n the_o king_n give_v they_o audience_n and_o make_v semblance_n of_o a_o inclination_n to_o a_o peace_n with_o the_o aetolian_n with_o who_o he_o wish_v they_o to_o confer_v and_o deliberate_v by_o what_o mean_v it_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o pass_v so_o dismiss_v the_o ambassador_n he_o go_v to_o lechoeum_n purpose_v to_o embark_v from_o thence_o in_o order_n to_o a_o descent_n on_o the_o land_n of_o the_o phocian_o where_o he_o have_v meditate_a some_o enterprise_n of_o great_a importance_n about_o this_o time_n leontius_n megaleas_n and_o ptolemy_n be_v not_o yet_o total_o out_o of_o hope_n of_o give_v some_o apprehension_n to_o king_n philip_n endeavour_v so_o to_o cover_v their_o old_a crime_n to_o foment_n a_o murmur_a among_o the_o bucklerman_n and_o the_o king_n guard_n and_o they_o themselves_o instill_a the_o like_a seditious_a opinion_n that_o they_o who_o be_v first_o in_o all_o hazard_n and_o secure_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n from_o danger_n be_v not_o treat_v according_a to_o their_o merit_n and_o be_v not_o only_o not_o consider_v and_o distinguish_v by_o any_o particular_a reward_n for_o their_o service_n but_o even_o such_o booty_n as_o fell_v into_o their_o hand_n be_v take_v from_o they_o notwithstanding_o the_o constant_a custom_n in_o the_o like_a case_n to_o the_o contrary_n after_o this_o manner_n they_o have_v so_o inflame_v they_o that_o assemble_v in_o party_n they_o attempt_v and_o rifle_v the_o quarter_n of_o the_o king_n be_v chief_a friend_n and_o favourite_n insomuch_o that_o their_o insolence_n grow_v to_o that_o height_n that_o they_o forbear_v not_o at_o length_n the_o king_n be_v own_o lodging_n break_v the_o roof_n thereof_o this_o mutiny_n spread_v so_o great_a terror_n and_o disturbance_n about_o the_o city_n that_o the_o king_n have_v notice_n thereof_o come_v with_o all_o possible_a expedition_n from_o lechoeum_n and_o immediate_o assemble_v the_o macedonian_n partly_o by_o remonstrance_n partly_o by_o menace_n appease_v the_o tumult_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o on_o such_o occasion_n man_n be_v of_o divers_a mind_n some_o advise_v to_o find_v out_o and_o seize_v on_o the_o author_n of_o the_o sedition_n to_o make_v they_o example_n other_o that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o reduce_v thing_n to_o order_n and_o pacify_v the_o tumult_n without_o any_o further_a process_n or_o inquisition_n wherefore_o the_o king_n hide_v his_o purpose_n for_o the_o present_a and_o seem_v well_o satisfy_v with_o what_o he_o have_v already_o do_v exhort_v they_o only_o to_o union_n and_o better_a obedience_n and_o so_o dismiss_v the_o assembly_n not_o but_o that_o he_o be_v well_o aware_a who_o have_v be_v the_o prime_a mover_n and_o instigator_n of_o the_o sedition_n but_o think_v it_o wisdom_n at_o that_o time_n to_o seem_v less_o know_v than_o he_o be_v but_o these_o stir_n be_v soon_o over_o and_o king_n philip_n phocian_n expedition_n likewise_o at_o that_o time_n for_o certain_a reason_n respite_v and_o now_o leontius_n come_v to_o perceive_v the_o vanity_n of_o his_o guilty_a project_n and_o the_o dangerous_a state_n he_o have_v contract_v have_v recourse_n to_o apelles_n solicit_v his_o return_n from_o chalcis_n and_o give_v he_o frequent_a intimation_n of_o the_o many_o difficulty_n he_o meet_v with_o and_o that_o the_o king_n grow_v into_o great_a dislike_n of_o he_o in_o every_o thing_n now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o during_o apelleâ—_n residence_n at_o chalcis_n his_o deportment_n be_v more_o like_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n than_o a_o subject_a govern_v all_o thing_n with_o a_o arbitrary_a authority_n and_o labour_v to_o be_v think_v singular_a in_o his_o sufficiency_n and_o power_n and_o that_o the_o king_n act_v nothing_o but_o by_o his_o counsel_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o dispose_v absolute_o of_o every_o thing_n wherefore_o all_o who_o be_v in_o the_o magistracy_n and_o have_v charge_n of_o the_o affair_n in_o macedon_n and_o thessaly_n ever_o apply_v to_o he_o and_o take_v his_o direction_n in_o all_o their_o consultation_n and_o iâ—_n short_a when_o at_o any_o time_n any_o of_o the_o greâ—â—_n town_n have_v occasion_n to_o publish_v any_o new_a law_n or_o ordinance_n or_o to_o confer_v honour_n or_o preferment_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o mention_n madâ—_n of_o the_o king_n but_o of_o apelles_n wherefore_o when_o philip_n come_v to_o be_v right_o inform_v of_o all_o these_o thing_n he_o grow_v justlâ—_n sensible_a of_o the_o outrage_n that_o have_v be_v donâ—_n he_o nor_o be_v aratus_n want_v to_o warm_a hiâ—_n indignation_n howbeit_o he_o carry_v his_o resentment_n so_o close_o that_o none_o be_v privy_a to_o his_o purpose_n or_o know_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o mind_n apelles_n therefore_o far_o from_o suspect_v the_o least_o coldness_n from_o the_o king_n be_v persuade_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v receive_v at_o court_n after_o his_o wont_a manner_n and_o soon_o dispose_v of_o the_o king_n mind_n at_o his_o pleasure_n wherefore_o he_o leave_v chalcis_n to_o come_v to_o the_o aid_n of_o leontius_n and_o now_o as_o he_o draw_v near_o to_o corinth_n ptolemy_n leontius_n and_o megaleas_n who_o command_v the_o bucklerman_n and_o have_v prime_a authority_n in_o the_o army_n so_o wrought_v that_o the_o flower_n of_o the_o king_n troop_n go_v out_o to_o meet_v and_o accompany_v he_o insomuch_o that_o what_o with_o officer_n and_o soldier_n they_o compose_v a_o pompon_n train_n with_o which_o he_o make_v his_o entrance_n into_o the_o town_n and_o so_o go_v direct_o to_o wait_v on_o the_o king_n but_o while_o he_o attempt_v according_a to_o his_o manner_n heretofore_o to_o enter_v into_o
at_o the_o same_o time_n stone_v to_o death_n by_o the_o woman_n of_o apamea_n upon_o antiochus_n return_n home_o he_o dispose_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n and_o send_v to_o expostulate_v with_o achoeus_n about_o his_o invade_v the_o crown_n and_o presume_v to_o call_v himself_o king_n afterward_o he_o let_v he_o understand_v that_o the_o league_n he_o have_v make_v with_o ptolemy_n be_v come_v to_o his_o knowledge_n and_o charge_v he_o with_o many_o other_o act_v contrary_a to_o justice_n and_o in_o violation_n of_o his_o duty_n it_o seem_v that_o at_o what_o time_n the_o war_n be_v undertake_v against_o artabazanes_n achoeus_n imagine_v the_o king_n may_v miscarry_v in_o that_o expedition_n and_o though_o that_o shall_v not_o happen_v yet_o the_o king_n be_v thereby_o draw_v so_o far_o out_o of_o the_o way_n will_v give_v he_o a_o safe_a opportunity_n to_o fall_v on_o syria_n and_o seize_v on_o that_o kingdom_n for_o himself_o aid_v therein_o by_o the_o cyrrhestoe_fw-mi who_o at_o that_o time_n have_v withdraw_v their_o obedience_n from_o the_o king_n wherefore_o with_o this_o determination_n he_o march_v his_o army_n out_o of_o lydia_n furthermore_o he_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v crown_v at_o laodicea_n of_o phrygia_n receive_v and_o give_v audience_n to_o ambassador_n and_o in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o city_n he_o assume_v the_o regal_a title_n flatter_v principal_o into_o this_o attempt_n by_o the_o instigation_n of_o a_o certain_a exile_n call_v syniris_n but_o after_o some_o day_n march_v and_o that_o they_o now_o approach_v lycaonia_n there_o happen_v a_o mutiny_n in_o his_o army_n the_o soldiers_z refuse_v it_o seem_v to_o be_v lead_v against_o he_o who_o nature_n have_v destine_v for_o their_o king_n whereupon_o achoeus_n perceive_v the_o army_n to_o have_v change_v their_o mind_n change_v also_o his_o purpose_n and_o to_o persuade_v they_o that_o he_o never_o design_v to_o invade_v syria_n he_o take_v another_o way_n and_o march_v and_o plunder_v pisidia_n after_o which_o expedition_n have_v enrich_v the_o soldier_n with_o booty_n and_o confirm_v their_o affection_n he_o return_v home_o the_o king_n then_o who_o be_v well_o inform_v of_o all_o these_o passage_n have_v as_o be_v note_v let_v achoeus_n know_v so_o much_o by_o menace_a message_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n prepare_v for_o the_o war_n against_o ptolemy_n to_o which_o purpose_n early_o in_o the_o spring_n he_o assemble_v his_o troop_n at_o apamea_n and_o call_v a_o council_n to_o deliberate_v on_o the_o best_a way_n to_o make_v his_o entrance_n for_o the_o invade_v of_o syria_n on_o which_o subject_n be_v long_a debate_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o country_n situation_n of_o place_n of_o the_o provision_n to_o make_v and_o of_o what_o benefit_n a_o fleet_n will_v be_v towards_o the_o furtherance_n of_o the_o enterprise_n but_o the_o advice_n of_o apollophanes_n the_o seleucian_n the_o physician_n we_o have_v already_o have_v occasion_n to_o name_n prevail_v above_o the_o rest_n who_o maintain_v that_o the_o design_n on_o caelo-syria_n be_v vain_a and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o unprofitable_a expedition_n to_o make_v war_n there_o while_o they_o leave_v ptolemy_n in_o quiet_a possession_n of_o seleucia_n a_o royal_a city_n and_o in_o effect_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o not_o to_o mention_v the_o dishonour_n to_o have_v that_o city_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o egyptian_a king_n the_o recovery_n thereof_o will_v redound_v great_o to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n affair_n in_o many_o point_n that_o in_o the_o interim_n while_o it_o remain_v in_o the_o enemy_n hand_n it_o will_v be_v a_o mighty_a impediment_n to_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o king_n success_n in_o the_o enterprise_n he_o be_v upon_o for_o which_o way_n soever_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o carry_v the_o war_n he_o will_v find_v it_o necessary_a over_o and_o above_o all_o other_o preparation_n to_o strengthen_v all_o his_o town_n with_o extraordinary_a garrison_n mere_o on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o danger_n that_o will_v threaten_v from_o seleucia_n but_o that_o if_o antiochus_n make_v the_o recovery_n of_o that_o place_n his_o first_o business_n it_o will_v not_o only_o serve_v as_o a_o bulwark_n and_o frontier_n against_o all_o the_o other_o town_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o will_v main_o enable_v he_o to_o prosecute_v his_o enterprise_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n the_o opinion_n of_o apollophanes_n then_o be_v by_o common_a consent_n approve_v and_o it_o be_v resolve_v to_o open_v the_o campaign_n with_o the_o siege_n of_o seleucia_n the_o king_n of_o egypt_n have_v hold_v constant_a garrison_n in_o this_o town_n ever_o since_o ptolemy_n call_v euergetes_n offend_v with_o seleucus_n for_o the_o death_n of_o berenice_n become_v master_n thereof_o who_o on_o that_o provocation_n have_v invade_v syria_n when_o it_o be_v resolve_v then_o that_o apollophanes_n counsel_n shall_v be_v follow_v antiochus_n order_v diognetus_n his_o admiral_n to_o sail_v with_o the_o fleet_n to_o seleucia_n while_o himself_o march_v with_o the_o army_n from_o apamea_n and_o come_v and_o encamp_v near_o circus_n theodotus_n be_v likewise_o send_v with_o a_o sufficient_a body_n of_o troop_n into_o the_o low_a syria_n with_o order_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o strait_n and_o to_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o all_o motion_n in_o those_o part_n as_o to_o the_o situation_n of_o seleucia_n and_o the_o country_n about_o it_o take_v it_o a_o little_a more_o or_o less_o as_o follow_v seleucia_n stand_v on_o the_o sea-coast_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o cilicia_n and_o phoenicia_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o a_o very_a high_a mountain_n call_v coryphoeus_n one_o side_n of_o which_o mountain_n towards_o the_o west_n be_v wash_v by_o the_o sea_n between_o cyprus_n and_o phoenicia_n the_o other_o towards_o the_o east_n regard_v the_o territory_n of_o seleucia_n and_o antioch_n seleucia_n stand_v on_o the_o southside_n of_o this_o mountain_n between_o which_o and_o the_o city_n be_v a_o deep_a vale_n waste_n and_o full_a of_o break_a ground_n which_o extend_v to_o the_o sea_n enclose_v almost_o on_o all_o side_n with_o rock_n and_o precipice_n on_o that_o side_n of_o the_o city_n towards_o the_o sea_n the_o ground_n be_v low_a and_o watery_a where_o there_o be_v a_o suburb_n fortify_v with_o a_o good_a wall_n like_o that_o of_o the_o city_n itself_o seleucia_n surpass_v all_o the_o city_n of_o syria_n in_o the_o magnificence_n of_o her_o temple_n and_o other_o building_n it_o have_v but_o one_o communication_n with_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v a_o passage_n wrought_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n in_o manner_n of_o stair_n not_o far_o off_o be_v see_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n orontes_n who_o head_n be_v in_o the_o country_n about_o libanus_n and_o anti-libanus_n take_v its_o course_n through_o the_o plain_a of_o amycoe_n and_o run_v to_o antioch_n divide_v that_o city_n as_o it_o be_v into_o two_o which_o it_o cleanse_v of_o all_o their_o filth_n and_o rubbish_n and_o at_o length_n discharge_v itself_o not_o far_o from_o seleucia_n into_o the_o sea_n we_o mention_v now_o before_o antiochus_n will_v proceed_v with_o hostility_n against_o seleucia_n he_o first_o send_v offer_v of_o reward_n to_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o city_n and_o promise_v of_o further_a future_a advantage_n to_o win_v they_o to_o yield_v it_o up_o without_o strife_n or_o resistance_n but_o find_v he_o labour_v that_o way_n in_o vain_a he_o corrupt_v several_a of_o their_o military_a officer_n who_o have_v post_n distinct_a and_o command_v in_o sundry_a quarter_n of_o the_o city_n and_o in_o confidence_n of_o their_o compliance_n draw_v out_o and_o order_v his_o troop_n as_o for_o a_o attack_z to_o the_o seaward_o the_o marine_a force_n be_v appoint_v towards_o the_o land_n those_o of_o the_o camp_n be_v order_v to_o make_v the_o assault_n so_o make_v three_o division_n of_o his_o army_n and_o animate_v the_o soldier_n according_a to_o custom_n and_o proclaim_v by_o a_o herald_n promise_v of_o extraordinary_a recompense_n as_o crown_n and_o such_o like_a reward_n to_o the_o officer_n and_o soldier_n who_o shall_v best_o behave_v themselves_o he_o give_v to_o xeux_n and_o those_o under_o he_o the_o attack_z of_o the_o gate_n that_o lead_v to_o antioch_n to_o hermogenes_n that_o of_o those_o part_n that_o be_v near_a the_o temple_n of_o castor_n and_o pollux_n and_o to_o ardys_n and_o diognetus_n the_o ars'nal_a and_o suburb_n for_o it_o be_v agree_v with_o the_o conspirator_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o suburb_n shall_v be_v win_v the_o town_n shall_v be_v surrender_v and_o now_o the_o signal_n be_v give_v the_o attack_z begin_v in_o all_o place_n at_o once_o and_o be_v press_v with_o great_a forwardness_n and_o bravery_n but_o ardys_n and_o diognetus_n signalise_v themselves_o above_o the_o rest_n both_o in_o resolution_n and_o address_n though_o indeed_o
in_o other_o place_n they_o can_v not_o come_v to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o wall_n to_o erect_v their_o ladder_n without_o come_v to_o blow_n with_o the_o enemy_n but_o at_o the_o ars'nal_n and_o suburb_n they_o approach_v and_o apply_v their_o ladder_n without_o impediment_n so_o that_o while_o the_o marine_a soldier_n scale_v the_o ars'nal_n and_o ardys_n the_o suburb_n and_o those_o of_o the_o town_n not_o be_v able_a to_o come_v to_o their_o relief_n be_v themselves_o press_v on_o all_o quarter_n ardys_n after_o some_o dispute_n become_v master_n of_o the_o suburb_n whereupon_o the_o officer_n who_o have_v be_v gain_v by_o the_o king_n and_o command_v in_o several_a post_n of_o the_o city_n come_v to_o leontius_n the_o governor_n press_v their_o opinion_n that_o there_o be_v now_o no_o safe_a way_n leave_v but_o to_o send_v immediate_o to_o the_o king_n to_o treat_v before_o the_o town_n shall_v be_v take_v by_o assault_n whereupon_o leontius_n who_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o treachery_n be_v fright_v with_o their_o seem_a fear_n dispatch_v a_o message_n to_o antiochus_n with_o proposal_n of_o condition_n that_o no_o violence_n shall_v be_v do_v to_o any_o and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n shall_v be_v safe_a in_o their_o person_n the_o king_n on_o sight_n of_o the_o proposal_n promise_v that_o no_o manner_n of_o injury_n shall_v be_v do_v to_o any_o one_o of_o free_a condition_n which_o be_v to_o the_o number_n of_o six_o thousand_o and_o in_o a_o word_n when_o the_o place_n be_v deliver_v up_o he_o do_v not_o only_o deal_v gracious_o with_o those_o but_o recall_v their_o exile_n and_o restore_v the_o city_n to_o its_o privilege_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o their_o estate_n and_o authority_n leave_v only_a garrison_n both_o in_o the_o port_n and_o citadel_n while_o the_o king_n be_v busy_v in_o these_o affair_n letter_n be_v bring_v he_o from_o theodotus_n by_o which_o he_o be_v solicit_v to_o march_v with_o what_o expedition_n he_o can_v into_o syria_n give_v he_o assurance_n that_o on_o his_o arrival_n he_o will_v deliver_v the_o kingdom_n entire_o to_o his_o possession_n this_o news_n give_v the_o king_n some_o trouble_n and_o suspense_n uncertain_a what_o to_o resolve_v on_o the_o intimation_n he_o have_v receive_v theodotus_n be_v by_o birth_n a_o aetolian_a who_o though_o he_o have_v do_v eminent_a service_n to_o the_o egyptian_a king_n nevertheless_o his_o recompense_n be_v not_o only_o short_a of_o his_o merit_n but_o come_v to_o court_n as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o note_v he_o there_o run_v great_a hazard_n of_o his_o life_n whereupon_o when_o antiochus_n be_v on_o his_o expedition_n against_o molon_n theodotus_n have_v no_o very_a good_a opinion_n of_o the_o state_n of_o ptolomy_n affair_n and_o jealous_a of_o his_o interest_n at_o court_n have_v himself_o take_v ptolemais_n and_o win_v tyre_n by_o the_o help_n of_o panoetolus_n and_o have_v now_o earnest_o invite_v antiochus_n who_o therefore_o respiting_a for_o that_o time_n his_o expedition_n against_o achoeus_n and_o all_o his_o other_o affair_n he_o march_v with_o his_o army_n take_v the_o same_o way_n he_o have_v go_v before_o and_o have_v pass_v the_o valley_n of_o marsyas_n he_o encamp_v near_o the_o straight_a where_o the_o fortress_n of_o gerra_n stand_v along_o the_o side_n of_o the_o lake_n between_o the_o mountain_n there_o he_o receive_v notice_n that_o nicolaus_n one_o of_o ptolomy_n captain_n have_v lay_v siege_n to_o ptolemais_n where_o theodotus_n be_v shut_v up_o wherefore_o leave_v his_o heavy-armed_a troop_n behind_o and_o give_v order_n for_o the_o besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o brochos_n that_o command_v the_o passage_n by_o the_o lake_n he_o march_v at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o light-armed_a force_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o ptolemais_n nicolaus_n receive_v intelligence_n of_o the_o king_n approach_n decamp_v from_o before_o the_o town_n and_o send_v lagoras_n a_o candiot_n and_o dorymenes_n a_o aetolian_a to_o possess_v the_o straight_a near_o berytus_n but_o antiochus_n haste_v after_o they_o force_v they_o to_o a_o battle_n where_o they_o be_v beat_v so_o the_o king_n himself_o encamp_v in_o the_o straight_a in_o which_o place_n assemble_v the_o whole_a army_n after_o he_o have_v encourage_v they_o he_o prosecute_v his_o march_n with_o the_o entire_a body_n of_o his_o troop_n full_a of_o expectation_n of_o great_a success_n whereof_o there_o be_v already_o so_o many_o promise_a appearance_n theodotus_n and_o panoetolus_n accompany_v by_o their_o friend_n come_v out_o to_o meet_v the_o king_n be_v receive_v by_o he_o with_o great_a courtesy_n to_o who_o they_o deliver_v up_o tyre_n and_o ptolemais_n with_o all_o the_o store_n of_o war_n that_o be_v there_o lodge_v among_o other_o thing_n they_o find_v there_o be_v forty_o galley_n whereof_o twenty_o be_v cover_v and_o equip_v for_o the_o sea_n and_o none_o be_v less_o than_o quadriremes_n the_o other_o be_v triremes_n and_o vessel_n of_o less_o rate_n these_o be_v commit_v to_o diognetus_n the_o king_n admiral_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n antiochus_n be_v inform_v that_o ptolemy_n be_v go_v to_o memphis_n that_o his_o troop_n be_v assemble_v at_o pelusium_n and_o that_o they_o have_v open_v the_o canal_n of_o the_o nile_n and_o let_v loose_v all_o their_o watercourse_n he_o thereupon_o change_v his_o purpose_n of_o march_v to_o pelusium_n and_o divide_v his_o army_n resolve_v to_o attempt_v the_o town_n by_o the_o way_n some_o by_o fair_a mean_n some_o by_o force_n such_o place_n as_o be_v not_o sufficient_o garrison_v for_o defence_n be_v on_o his_o arrival_n fright_v into_o submission_n and_o put_v themselves_o under_o his_o protection_n court_v his_o favour_n but_o such_o as_o have_v man_n and_o provision_n within_o and_o think_v themselves_o able_a to_o withstand_v he_o preserve_v their_o obedience_n to_o their_o prince_n insomuch_o that_o the_o king_n spend_v much_o time_n and_o labour_n to_o reduce_v they_o at_o to_o ptolemy_n himself_o who_o be_v manifest_o betray_v he_o take_v little_a or_o no_o thought_n for_o the_o better_a posture_n of_o his_o affair_n nor_o dream_v of_o approach_v the_o enemy_n as_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v do_v such_o be_v his_o stupidity_n and_o the_o aversion_n he_o ever_o have_v to_o military_a employment_n wherefore_o agathocles_n and_o sosibius_n who_o be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o prime_a authority_n have_v the_o entire_a administration_n of_o the_o public_a in_o their_o hand_n fall_v at_o length_n to_o deliberate_v with_o the_o best_a advice_n they_o can_v they_o resolve_v to_o make_v all_o possible_a preparation_n for_o defence_n and_o to_o win_v time_n conclude_v to_o send_v overture_n to_o antiochus_n and_o to_o proceed_v in_o such_o manner_n as_o to_o possess_v he_o with_o assurance_n that_o he_o be_v not_o at_o all_o mistake_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o ptolemy_n namely_o that_o he_o will_v never_o resolve_v to_o meet_v he_o in_o the_o field_n but_o endeavour_n by_o conference_n and_o mediation_n to_o dissuade_v his_o enterprise_n on_o syria_n this_o counsel_n be_v approve_v agathocles_n and_o sosibius_n to_o who_o a_o share_n of_o the_o management_n likewise_o be_v commit_v dispatch_v ambassador_n to_o antiochus_n and_o so_o wrought_v that_o the_o rhodian_o byzantine_n cyzicenian_o and_o the_o aetolian_n themselves_z dispatch_v their_o ambassador_n to_o mediate_v a_o peace_n in_o somuch_o that_o on_o their_o arrival_n the_o time_n that_o be_v take_v up_o in_o treat_v and_o journey_v from_o one_o king_n to_o another_o lend_v space_n sufficient_a for_o sosibius_n and_o agathocles_n to_o prosecute_v their_o preparation_n for_o the_o war._n their_o residence_n be_v at_o memphis_n where_o they_o hold_v their_o conference_n with_o the_o ambassador_n according_a to_o the_o emergency_n of_o affair_n and_o where_o they_o receive_v and_o treat_v with_o the_o minister_n of_o antiochus_n but_o while_o these_o be_v well_o receive_v and_o civil_o entertain_v and_o hold_v in_o hand_n all_o the_o mercenary_a stranger_n which_o ptolemy_n have_v in_o his_o town_n and_o garrison_n throughout_o the_o country_n of_o his_o dominion_n be_v assemble_v at_o alexandria_n furthermore_o they_o send_v every_o where_o to_o levy_v troop_n take_v care_n above_o all_o thing_n that_o due_a provision_n may_v be_v make_v as_o well_o to_o sustain_v those_o they_o have_v already_o in_o pay_n as_o those_o who_o they_o expect_v nor_o be_v they_o less_o mindful_a of_o every_o other_o point_n that_o may_v require_v their_o application_n to_o advance_v their_o purpose_n sometime_o the_o one_o sometime_o the_o other_o go_v to_o alexandria_n to_o provide_v that_o nothing_o may_v be_v want_v towards_o the_o execution_n of_o what_o have_v be_v resolve_v to_o echecrates_n the_o thessalian_a and_o phoxide_v the_o miletian_a be_v commit_v the_o care_n of_o provide_v arm_n raise_v man_n and_o form_v their_o troop_n who_o be_v assist_v by_o eurylochus_n the_o magnesian_n together_o
sosibius_n cause_v their_o phalanx_n to_o charge_v their_o pike_n and_o advance_v the_o assyrian_a soldier_n do_v indeed_o for_o a_o while_n sustain_v the_o charge_n but_o those_o who_o be_v under_o nicarchus_n hardly_o endure_v the_o first_o shock_n be_v present_o break_v and_o turn_v their_o back_n antiochus_n like_o a_o young_a prince_n and_o unexperienced_a captain_n imagine_v because_o they_o have_v beat_v the_o enemy_n where_o he_o fight_v and_o pursue_v they_o that_o the_o victory_n have_v be_v entire_a but_o he_o be_v soon_o undeceive_v by_o a_o old_a officer_n who_o advise_v he_o heedful_o to_o consider_v what_o that_o mighty_a cloud_n of_o dust_n mean_v that_o come_v from_o the_o middle_a battle_n drive_v towards_o the_o camp_n so_o that_o be_v soon_o give_v to_o understand_v the_o success_n he_o hasten_v towards_o his_o camp_n attend_v only_o by_o his_o troop_n of_o guard_n where_o find_v his_o army_n rout_v he_o make_v speed_n to_o raphia_n under_o this_o comfortable_a persuasion_n only_o that_o the_o battle_n be_v not_o lose_v through_o any_o default_n of_o he_o but_o by_o the_o cowardice_n of_o his_o soldier_n ptolemy_n thus_o win_v the_o day_n through_o the_o good_a behaviour_n of_o the_o phalanx_n many_o of_o those_o that_o flee_v be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o horse_n and_o mercenary_n who_o fight_v in_o the_o right_a wing_n retire_v out_o of_o the_o field_n and_o remain_v that_o night_n in_o the_o camp_n the_o next_o day_n after_o he_o have_v cause_v the_o dead_a on_o his_o side_n to_o be_v bury_v and_o have_v strip_v the_o enemy_n that_o remain_v on_o the_o place_n he_o decamp_v and_o march_v direct_o towards_o raphia_n in_o the_o interim_n antiochus_n rally_v and_o form_v into_o troop_n such_o as_o he_o find_v who_o have_v flee_v out_o of_o the_o field_n will_v have_v encamp_v without_o the_o wall_n but_o find_v they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n get_v already_o into_o the_o town_n he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o retire_v himself_o in_o likewise_o and_o early_o the_o next_o morning_n march_v out_o with_o the_o remain_v of_o his_o army_n take_v his_o march_n towards_o gaza_n where_o after_o he_o have_v encamp_v he_o send_v to_o ptolemy_n to_o demand_v the_o body_n of_o those_o that_o be_v slay_v which_o be_v obtain_v he_o cause_v their_o funeral_n right_n to_o be_v perform_v in_o this_o defeat_n antiochus_n lose_v no_o less_o than_o ten_o thousand_o foot_n and_o above_o three_o hundred_o horse_n beside_o prisoner_n to_o the_o number_n of_o four_o thousand_o thirteen_o of_o his_o elephant_n be_v kill_v in_o fight_n two_o die_v after_o of_o their_o hurt_n on_o the_o part_n of_o ptolemy_n fall_v about_o two_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o foot_n and_o seven_o hundred_o horse_n 16_o of_o his_o elephant_n be_v kill_v and_o the_o remainder_n most_o of_o they_o take_v this_o be_v the_o success_n of_o the_o battle_n that_o be_v fight_v near_o raphia_n for_o the_o dominion_n of_o caelo-syria_n after_o antiochus_n have_v cause_v the_o slay_v to_o be_v bury_v he_o march_v away_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n homeward_o while_o ptolemy_n receive_v to_o his_o obedience_n raphia_n and_o the_o other_o town_n which_o contend_v which_o shall_v be_v first_o in_o their_o submission_n to_o the_o conqueror_n in_o short_a it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o mankind_n on_o the_o like_a occasion_n to_o accommodate_v their_o affair_n to_o their_o present_a fortune_n but_o of_o all_o country_n none_o produce_v mind_n so_o pliable_a that_o way_n as_o these_o of_o this_o country_n when_o fortune_n will_v have_v it_o so_o nevertheless_o that_o nation_n be_v dispose_v to_o a_o better_a like_n of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o egyptian_a king_n it_o be_v a_o less_o wonder_n that_o they_o so_o frank_o give_v themselves_o up_o to_o ptolemy_n and_o indeed_o those_o of_o the_o low_a syria_n have_v ever_o bear_v a_o singular_a veneration_n for_o the_o royal_a house_n of_o egypt_n wherefore_o to_o acquire_v the_o good_a will_n of_o this_o prince_n they_o forget_v no_o way_n of_o flattery_n honour_v he_o with_o crown_n and_o adore_v he_o with_o sacrifice_n and_o altar_n and_o do_v all_o thing_n of_o that_o nature_n when_o antiochus_n be_v arrive_v at_o the_o city_n that_o bear_v his_o name_n he_o dispatch_v antipater_n his_o nephew_n and_o theodotus_n hemiolius_n his_o ambassador_n to_o ptolemy_n to_o negotiate_v a_o peace_n be_v doubtful_a lest_o his_o enemy_n shall_v take_v the_o occasion_n to_o attack_v he_o and_o have_v no_o great_a trust_n in_o the_o multitude_n of_o his_o subject_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o late_a misfortune_n he_o be_v jealous_a likewise_o that_o achoeus_n may_v make_v use_n of_o the_o conjuncture_n to_o hurt_v he_o as_o for_o ptolemy_n none_o of_o these_o reflection_n employ_v his_o thought_n who_o content_v himself_o with_o unexpected_a victory_n and_o please_v with_o the_o entire_a recovery_n of_o the_o low_a syria_n so_o contrary_a to_o his_o hope_n manifest_v a_o much_o great_a inclination_n to_o peace_n than_o in_o prudence_n he_o ought_v through_o the_o natural_a sloth_n that_o be_v in_o he_o and_o the_o other_o infirmity_n of_o mind_n to_o which_o he_o be_v subject_a through_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o life_n wherefore_o as_o soon_o as_o antipater_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o commission_n arrive_v he_o present_o consent_v to_o a_o year_n truce_n after_o have_v first_o say_v some_o menace_a thing_n and_o complain_v of_o the_o injury_n offer_v he_o by_o antiochus_n then_o he_o dispatch_v sosibius_n to_o ratify_v the_o accord_n and_o make_v about_o three_o month_n stay_v in_o syria_n and_o phoenicia_n to_o regulate_v and_o settle_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o several_a town_n and_o city_n he_o leave_v andromachus_n the_o aspendian_a his_o governor_n in_o those_o province_n and_o so_o depart_v for_o alexandria_n with_o his_o sister_n and_o favourite_n have_v put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o war_n to_o the_o great_a wonder_n of_o his_o subject_n who_o so_o well_o know_v his_o life_n and_o manner_n in_o conclusion_n after_o antiochus_n have_v ratify_v the_o treaty_n of_o sosibius_n he_o prepare_v for_o the_o war_n against_o achoeus_n as_o he_o have_v before_o determine_v about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o rhodian_o wise_o improve_v the_o occasion_n of_o a_o earthquake_n that_o happen_v in_o that_o island_n which_o have_v demolish_v their_o colossus_n their_o ars'nal_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o wall_n but_o this_o calamity_n by_o their_o wisdom_n be_v convert_v to_o a_o benefit_n so_o wide_a the_o difference_n be_v between_o the_o effect_n of_o thoughtless_a negligence_n and_o prudent_a vigilance_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o private_a or_o public_a affair_n for_o as_o the_o one_o often_o turn_v the_o best_a success_n into_o a_o calamity_n so_o the_o other_o can_v extract_v benefit_n out_o of_o the_o great_a disaster_n thus_o the_o rhodian_o aggravate_v their_o suffering_n and_o loss_n to_o the_o world_n by_o ambassador_n which_o they_o send_v abroad_o for_o that_o purpose_n that_o what_o by_o treat_v in_o public_a what_o by_o private_a persuasion_n people_n especial_o the_o king_n be_v so_o much_o touch_v and_o take_v so_o sensible_a a_o part_n in_o their_o affliction_n that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o relieve_v and_o supply_v but_o be_v treat_v with_o such_o respect_n that_o their_o benefactor_n reckon_v themselves_o oblige_v by_o their_o own_o generosity_n hiero_n and_o gelo_n give_v they_o seventy_o five_o talent_n to_o rebuild_v the_o place_n of_o their_o exercise_n part_n of_o which_o sum_n be_v pay_v down_o the_o rest_n soon_o after_o these_o present_v they_o likewise_o with_o silver_n candlestick_n and_o other_o vessel_n for_o sacred_a uses_n with_o ten_o talent_n for_o their_o sacrifice_n and_o other_o ten_o for_o the_o supply_n of_o the_o like_a necessity_n the_o whole_a sum_n amount_v to_o a_o hundred_o talent_n furthermore_o all_o who_o navigate_v and_o trade_v to_o rhodes_n they_o exempt_v from_o public_a duty_n and_o tribute_n they_o present_v they_o likewise_o with_o fifty_o catapult_n or_o cross-bow_n of_o three_o cubit_n long_o each_o in_o short_a after_o they_o have_v show_v their_o good_a will_n in_o so_o many_o noble_a expression_n of_o bounty_n as_o if_o they_o themselves_o have_v be_v oblige_v they_o cause_v two_o statue_n to_o be_v erect_v in_o the_o principal_a marketplace_n of_o rhodes_n where_o the_o people_n of_o that_o city_n be_v crown_v by_o those_o of_o syracuse_n king_n ptolemy_a likewise_o promise_v they_o three_o hundred_o talent_n of_o silver_n a_o million_o of_o artabe_n or_o measure_n of_o wheat_n material_n for_o building_n of_o twenty_o quinqueremes_n and_o the_o like_a number_n of_o triremes_n as_o namely_o forty_o thousand_o cubit_n of_o pine-timber_n a_o thousand_o pound_n weight_n of_o copper_n money_n three_o thousand_o pound_n weight_n of_o tow_n three_o thousand_o mast_n three_o thousand_o talent_n to_o re-edify_a their_o
soldier_n disperse_v in_o a_o disorderly_a manner_n make_v a_o sally_n upon_o they_o as_o they_o be_v then_o busy_a in_o their_o harvest_n and_o have_v scatter_v they_o one_o party_n attempt_v the_o pillage_n the_o camp_n and_o another_o attack_v their_o guard_n but_o here_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o roman_a discipline_n be_v eminent_o see_v as_o it_o have_v appear_v on_o many_o occasion_n to_o their_o great_a honour_n and_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o affair_n for_o as_o it_o be_v a_o most_o unpardonable_a fault_n to_o desert_n their_o post_n or_o abandon_v their_o corpse_n of_o guard_n those_o who_o have_v thus_o careless_o neglect_v their_o duty_n resolve_v to_o repair_v their_o fault_n by_o some_o remarkable_a behaviour_n according_o they_o rally_v and_o brave_o sustain_v the_o shock_n of_o the_o enemy_n though_o superior_a in_o number_n and_o albeit_o some_o of_o the_o roman_n fall_v the_o loss_n on_o the_o enemy_n side_n be_v much_o great_a in_o short_a they_o surround_v the_o carthaginian_n who_o have_v well-nigh_o force_v their_o retrenchment_n and_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n among_o they_o compel_v they_o at_o length_n to_o retreat_v to_o their_o work_n after_o this_o action_n the_o carthaginian_n be_v more_o cautious_a in_o their_o sally_n and_o the_o roman_n become_v more_o wary_a in_o their_o forage_n and_o now_o see_v the_o carthaginian_n make_v no_o more_o such_o adventurous_a sally_n and_o their_o fight_v be_v reduce_v to_o skirmish_v and_o picquer_a in_o small_a party_n the_o consul_n think_v it_o best_a to_o divide_v their_o army_n into_o two_o body_n with_o one_o they_o possess_v the_o ground_n where_o the_o temple_n of_o aesculapius_n stand_v face_v the_o town_n and_o with_o the_o other_o that_o on_o the_o side_n towards_o heraclea_n in_o which_o two_o place_n they_o encamp_v and_o fortify_v their_o leaguer_n with_o line_n of_o circumvallation_n and_o contravallation_n to_o prevent_v attempt_n from_o the_o town_n and_o hinder_v supply_n and_o correspondence_n from_o without_o and_o to_o secure_v themselves_o from_o surprise_v and_o in_o the_o space_n between_o their_o two_o line_n they_o appoint_v strong_a guard_n place_v at_o convenient_a distance_n their_o provision_n and_o all_o necessary_n be_v plentiful_o supply_v and_o bring_v by_o their_o ally_n to_o erbessa_n and_o from_o that_o town_n which_o be_v not_o far_o from_o their_o camp_n their_o convoy_n pass_v without_o impediment_n affair_n continue_v in_o this_o posture_n for_o five_o month_n neither_o party_n gain_v upon_o the_o other_o any_o advantage_n that_o may_v augment_v either_o hope_n their_o engagement_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o slight_a skirmish_n but_o to_o be_v brief_a there_o be_v not_o less_o than_o fifty_o thousand_o soul_n in_o agrigentum_n this_o mighty_a number_n soon_o reduce_v they_o to_o great_a strait_n for_o provision_n and_o a_o famine_n thereupon_o ensue_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n who_o command_v in_o chief_a foresee_v he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a long_o to_o sustain_v the_o siege_n dispatch_v frequent_a advice_n to_o carthage_n remonstrate_v their_o ill_a condition_n and_o demand_v speedy_a succour_n the_o carthaginian_n thereupon_o take_v order_n for_o the_o embarking_a elephant_n and_o all_o the_o soldier_n and_o succour_n they_o can_v put_v on_o board_n their_o fleet_n consign_v they_o to_o hanno_n their_o other_o general_n in_o sicily_n who_o assemble_v his_o force_n at_o heraclea_n march_v with_o all_o his_o strength_n towards_o erbessa_n which_o place_n he_o surprise_v be_v put_v into_o his_o hand_n by_o treachery_n and_o by_o this_o success_n have_v deprive_v the_o enemy_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o relief_n the_o roman_n who_o be_v but_o now_o the_o besieger_n become_v themselves_o besiege_v and_o in_o a_o word_n be_v reduce_v to_o such_o strait_n of_o all_o kind_n that_o they_o often_o deliberate_v about_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o have_v put_v it_o in_o execution_n have_v not_o hieron_n afford_v they_o what_o help_v he_o be_v able_a which_o with_o great_a parsimony_n sustain_v they_o hanno_n have_v intelligence_n of_o the_o evil_a state_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n that_o they_o be_v enfeeble_v by_o want_n and_o diminish_v by_o disease_n the_o plague_n be_v get_v among_o they_o take_v assurance_n to_o think_v he_o may_v be_v now_o a_o match_n for_o they_o he_o choose_v therefore_o about_o fifty_o elephant_n and_o march_v with_o all_o his_o troop_n in_o great_a haste_n from_o heraclea_n send_v his_o numidian-horse_n before_o who_o have_v order_n to_o charge_v up_o to_o the_o enemy_n retrenchment_n with_o show_n as_o if_o they_o will_v engage_v they_o and_o to_o retreat_n towards_o the_o army_n in_o case_n the_o roman_n sally_v out_o upon_o they_o this_o service_n they_o punctual_o perform_v attacking_z one_o of_o the_o roman_a camp_n who_o march_v out_o with_o their_o horse_n against_o they_o whilst_o they_o pursuant_n to_o the_o order_n they_o have_v receive_v retreat_v to_o the_o army_n and_o join_v hanno_n then_o the_o whole_a army_n face_v about_o attack_v the_o roman_a horse_n encompass_v they_o round_o and_o do_v great_a execution_n pursue_v they_o to_o their_o camp_n soon_o after_o hanno_n seize_v on_o a_o eminence_n call_v mount_v torus_fw-la distant_a from_o the_o roman_n about_o ten_o furlong_n and_o there_o encamp_v his_o army_n where_o two_o month_n pass_v without_o any_o remarkable_a action_n he_o be_v unwilling_a yet_o to_o come_v to_o a_o pitch_a battle_n and_o entertain_v the_o enemy_n only_o with_o flight_n rencounter_v in_o small_a party_n but_o now_o hannibal_n give_v notice_n as_o well_o by_o sign_n from_o the_o town_n as_o by_o express_v that_o they_o be_v no_o long_o able_a to_o sustain_v the_o want_v they_o be_v under_o and_o that_o many_o be_v by_o famine_n compel_v to_o desert_n and_o go_v over_o to_o the_o roman_n hanno_n be_v at_o length_n draw_v to_o come_v to_o a_o decision_n to_o which_o the_o roman_n be_v equal_o dispose_v for_o the_o reason_n already_o note_v so_o the_o two_o army_n be_v draw_v out_o on_o the_o ground_n between_o their_o two_o camp_n where_o they_o fight_v and_o the_o success_n be_v long_o doubtful_a till_o the_o roman_n force_v the_o mercenary_n who_o have_v the_o vanguard_n to_o give_v back_o who_o as_o they_o retreat_v fall_v in_o among_o the_o elephant_n those_o animal_n be_v disorder_v break_v the_o line_n that_o sustain_v their_o rear_n which_o accident_n discompose_v the_o whole_a army_n whereupon_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n the_o roman_n make_v great_a slaughter_n among_o they_o many_o be_v slay_v and_o but_o a_o few_o get_v into_o heraclea_n the_o conqueror_n take_v most_o of_o the_o elephant_n and_o all_o the_o cathaginian_a baggage_n but_o what_o with_o the_o joy_n of_o the_o victory_n and_o weariness_n of_o the_o soldier_n after_o the_o battle_n the_o roman_a guard_n the_o follow_a night_n be_v not_o keep_v with_o their_o 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they_o resolve_v to_o prosecute_v the_o success_n of_o these_o their_o first_o enterprise_n they_o think_v it_o not_o now_o enough_o to_o have_v rescue_v messina_n and_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o the_o war_n but_o elevate_v their_o purpose_n and_o expectation_n to_o the_o entire_a expel_v the_o carthaginian_n out_o of_o sicily_n and_o exalt_v the_o roman_a name_n and_o power_n for_o indeed_o that_o be_v the_o true_a mark_n towards_o which_o all_o their_o aim_n be_v level_v to_o proceed_v it_o be_v now_o evident_a that_o the_o roman_n be_v superior_a by_o land_n and_o that_o their_o hope_n be_v not_o ill_o ground_v that_o l._n valerius_n and_o l._n octacilius_n the_o new_a consul_n successor_n to_o those_o who_o take_v agrigentum_n will_v be_v able_a to_o go_v through_o with_o the_o conquest_n of_o sicily_n but_o still_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v master_n at_o sea_n and_o this_o regard_v preserve_v they_o yet_o in_o equal_a term_n and_o hope_n with_o their_o enemy_n it_o be_v
true_a that_o upon_o the_o success_n at_o agrigentum_n many_o town_n and_o city_n in_o the_o inland_a country_n of_o sicily_n terrify_v with_o the_o roman_a power_n by_o land_n submit_v to_o their_o discretion_n but_o many_o of_o those_o that_o be_v situate_a on_o the_o coast_n abandon_v the_o roman_n through_o a_o apprehension_n of_o the_o carshaginian_a strength_n by_o sea_n these_o thing_n be_v well_o weigh_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o success_n of_o the_o war_n stand_v yet_o doubtful_a it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o coast_n of_o italy_n lie_v expose_v to_o the_o depredation_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a fleet_n who_o often_o make_v descent_n upon_o they_o that_o asrich_n be_v in_o perfect_a tranquillity_n and_o without_o any_o feel_n of_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o war_n on_o these_o motive_n the_o roman_n determine_v to_o make_v provision_n of_o a_o naval_a army_n to_o match_v the_o carthaginian_n on_o that_o side_n likewise_o and_o this_o indeed_o be_v my_o motive_n to_o 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they_o in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o oar_n wherein_o they_o proceed_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o cause_v bank_n to_o be_v contrive_v on_o the_o shore-side_n in_o the_o same_o fashion_n and_o order_n as_o they_o be_v to_o be_v in_o their_o galley_n and_o place_v their_o seaman_n with_o their_o oar_n in_o like_a manner_n upon_o the_o bank_n they_o there_o exercise_v they_o a_o officer_n for_o that_o purpose_n be_v place_v in_o the_o midst_n who_o by_o sign_n with_o his_o hand_n instruct_v they_o how_o at_o once_o and_o altogether_o they_o be_v to_o dip_v their_o oar_n and_o how_o in_o like_a sort_n to_o recover_v they_o out_o of_o the_o water_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o become_v acquaint_v with_o the_o management_n of_o the_o oar_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o their_o vessel_n be_v build_v they_o equip_v they_o and_o put_v to_o sea_n where_o after_o they_o have_v spend_v some_o time_n in_o practise_v upon_o the_o water_n what_o they_o have_v be_v learning_n by_o land_n they_o be_v order_v 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of_o the_o enemy_n and_o stand_v towards_o italy_n the_o roman_n it_o seem_v happen_v to_o be_v near_o than_o he_o be_v aware_a of_o surprise_v he_o with_o their_o whole_a fleet_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n in_o this_o rancounter_n he_o lose_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o squadron_n and_o escape_v narrow_o himself_o when_o every-body_n despair_v of_o his_o safety_n the_o roman_n after_o this_o make_v the_o best_a of_o their_o way_n for_o sicily_n and_o receive_v advice_n of_o the_o defeat_n of_o caias_n send_v a_o express_a forthwith_o for_o duilius_n who_o then_o have_v the_o command_n of_o their_o land-force_n in_o the_o island_n but_o while_o they_o attend_v his_o come_n receive_v advice_n that_o the_o enemy_n fleer_v be_v at_o hand_n they_o prepare_v to_o engage_v they_o but_o forasmuch_o as_o their_o vessel_n be_v not_o build_v with_o extraordinary_a art_n and_o consequent_o be_v find_v somewhat_o unwieldy_a in_o work_v it_o come_v into_o their_o head_n to_o recompense_v this_o 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