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city_n able_a army_n enemy_n 400 4 5.3258 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A16489 Relations of the most famous kingdomes and common-wealths thorowout the world discoursing of their situations, religions, languages, manners, customes, strengths, greatnesse, and policies. Translated out of the best Italian impression of Boterus. And since the last edition by R.I. now once againe inlarged according to moderne observation; with addition of new estates and countries. Wherein many of the oversights both of the author and translator, are amended. And unto which, a mappe of the whole world, with a table of the countries, are now newly added.; Relazioni universali. English Botero, Giovanni, 1540-1617.; Johnson, Robert, fl. 1586-1626. 1630 (1630) STC 3404; ESTC S106541 447,019 654

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people_n comparable_a to_o italy_n but_o they_o forget_v that_o as_o it_o be_v long_o so_o it_o be_v narrow_a and_o nothing_o wide_a or_o spacious_a neither_o that_o two_o three_o part_n have_v not_o one_o navigable_a river_n a_o want_n of_o great_a consequence_n neither_o that_o the_o apennine_a a_o mountain_n rocky_a and_o barren_a do_v spread_v itself_o over_o a_o four_o part_n thereof_o let_v they_o nor_o deceive_v themselves_o nor_o condemn_v another_o plenty_n by_o their_o own_o want_n nor_o measure_v other_o excess_n by_o their_o handful_n for_o fertility_n do_v france_n in_o plenty_n of_o grain_n or_o cattell_n give_v place_n to_o italy_n or_o england_n for_o cattle_n for_o wool_n fish_n or_o metal_n or_o belgia_n for_o number_n or_o goodliness_n of_o city_n excellency_n of_o artificer_n wealth_n or_o merchandise_n or_o greece_n for_o delectable_a situation_n commodious_a havens_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o pleasant_a province_n or_o hungary_n for_o cattle_n wine_n corn_n fish_n 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armada_n in_o these_o sea_n to_o safeguard_v the_o navigation_n to_o the_o indies_n and_o to_o secure_v the_o merchant_n come_v from_o thence_o into_o these_o country_n over_o and_o beside_o twenty_o four_o galley_n which_o he_o keep_v to_o guard_v the_o coast_n and_o to_o defend_v it_o from_o the_o turkish_a fleet_n and_o the_o incursion_n of_o pirate_n the_o charge_n whereof_o with_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o fortification_n and_o defence_n amount_v yearly_a to_o half_a a_o million_o of_o gold_n the_o number_n of_o soldier_n in_o all_o the_o presidiarie_n place_n of_o spain_n amount_v to_o eight_o thousand_o not_o reckon_v any_o man_n of_o sort_n nor_o mariner_n for_o instead_o of_o these_o the_o moor_n and_o turkish_a slave_n do_v serve_v in_o the_o galley_n this_o kingdom_n do_v never_o send_v forth_o any_o horseman_n because_o there_o be_v but_o few_o and_o yet_o not_o sufficient_a for_o their_o own_o affair_n in_o the_o next_o rank_n follow_v the_o italian_a province_n naples_n milan_n and_o sicily_n
bough_n and_o leaf_n have_v great_a flock_n of_o cattle_n which_o they_o preserve_v with_o much_o care_n these_o be_v the_o chief_a the_o residue_n be_v not_o worth_a the_o read_n for_o nothing_o can_v be_v speak_v unto_o but_o their_o barrenness_n or_o fertility_n their_o poverty_n or_o riches_n blessing_n and_o curse_n peculiar_a more_o or_o less_o to_o every_o of_o these_o nation_n the_o xeriffe_n among_o all_o the_o potentate_n of_o africk●_n i_o do_v not_o think_v that_o there_o can_v any_o one_o be_v find_v to_o excel_v this_o prince_n either_o in_o wealth_n or_o power_n his_o dominion_n contain_v all_o that_o tract_n of_o mauritania_n which_o the_o roman_n call_v tingitana_n and_o stretch_v from_o the_o promontory_n bayadir_n or_o tanger_n and_o from_o the_o atlantike_a ocean_n to_o the_o river_n mulvia_n in_o which_o progress_n be_v contain_v the_o best_a portion_n of_o all_o africa_a the_o best_a inhabit_v the_o pleasant_a the_o fruitfull_a and_o most_o civil_a herein_o among_o other_o be_v the_o famous_a kingdom_n of_o fez_n and_o marocho_fw-es the_o one_o divide_v into_o seven_o province_n the_o other_o into_o eight_o the_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o plain_n and_o mountain_n the_o mountain_n be_v inhabit_v with_o a_o fierce_a people_n rich_a in_o pasture_n and_o cattle_n and_o possess_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o less_o and_o big_a atlas_n between_o the_o great_a atlas_n and_o the_o ocean_n lie_v the_o plain_a country_n and_o therein_o the_o royal_a city_n of_o marocho_fw-es distant_a fourteen_o mile_n from_o atlas_n water_v with_o many_o spring_n brook_n and_o river_n in_o time_n past_o this_o city_n contain_v one_o hundred_o thousand_o household_n and_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o africa_n but_o by_o little_a and_o little_a it_o be_v decay_v and_o now_o lie_v more_o waste_n than_o inhabit_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o marocho_fw-es beside_o other_o be_v tedsi_n a_o town_n of_o five_o thousand_o household_n and_o tagoa_v of_o eight_o thousand_o taradent_a give_v place_n to_o none_o for_o nobleness_n and_o traffic_n though_o for_o largeness_n and_o circuit_n it_o be_v situate_v between_o atlas_n and_o the_o ocean_n in_o a_o plain_a sixteen_o mile_n long_o and_o little_o less_o broad_a abound_v with_o sugar_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o provision_n the_o good_a regard_n and_o continual_a abode_n which_o mahumet_n xeriffe_n make_v in_o this_o place_n do_v great_o augment_v &_o ennoblish_v this_o town_n be_v past_o atlas_n you_o enter_v into_o most_o battle_v plain_n wherein_o how_o fruitful_a the_o soil_n be_v of_o sugar_n olive_n cattle_n and_o all_o good_a thing_n can_v hardly_o be_v speak_v fez._n the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n likewise_o contain_v divers_a province_n excellent_a well_o people_v among_o they_o be_v alga_n a_o territory_n of_o eighty_o mile_n long_o and_o sixty_o broad_a elabut_n be_v a_o hundred_o mile_n long_o and_o sixty_o broad_a eriffe_n be_v a_o province_n whole_o mountainous_a therein_o be_v say_v to_o be_v three_o and_o twenty_o branch_n of_o the_o mount_n atlas_n inhabit_v for_o the_o most_o part_n with_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a people_n caret_fw-la be_v dry_a and_o rocky_a more_o like_a lybia_n than_o barbary_n now_o because_o the_o glory_n and_o majesty_n of_o this_o kingdom_n consist_v especial_o in_o the_o city_n of_o fez_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o describe_v the_o situation_n thereof_o it_o be_v divide_v in_o two_o part_n a_o little_a distant_a one_o from_o another_o the_o one_o be_v call_v the_o old_a town_n the_o other_o the_o new_a a_o little_a river_n likewise_o divide_v the_o old_a town_n into_o two_o part_n the_o east_n part_n be_v call_v beleyda_o contain_v four_o thousand_o household_n the_o west_n part_n be_v common_o call_v old_a fez_n and_o have_v fourscore_o thousand_o and_o upward_o stand_v not_o far_o from_o the_o new_a fez_n which_o likewise_o have_v eight_o thousand_o old_a fez_n stand_v partly_o upon_o hill_n partly_o on_o plain_n and_o have_v in_o it_o fifty_o mahometan_a temple_n of_o admirable_a largeness_n all_o of_o they_o have_v their_o fountain_n and_o pillar_n of_o alabaster_n and_o jasper_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v six_o hundred_o of_o a_o less_o sort_n among_o which_o that_o which_o be_v common_o call_v carucen_n be_v most_o beautiful_a build_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o city_n and_o contain_v half_o a_o mile_n in_o compass_n in_o breadth_n it_o contain_v seventeen_o arch_n in_o length_n a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o bear_v up_o by_o two_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o white_a marble_n pillar_n under_o the_o chief_a arch_n where_o the_o tribunal_n be_v keep_v hang_v a_o most_o huge_a lamp_n encompass_v with_o a_o hundred_o and_o ten_o less_o under_o the_o other_o arch_n hang_v very_o great_a lamp_n in_o each_o of_o which_o burn_v a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o light_n they_o say_v in_o fez_n that_o all_o these_o lamp_n be_v make_v of_o the_o bell_n which_o the_o arabian_n bring_v out_o of_o spain_n who_o not_o only_o make_v prey_n of_o bell_n but_o of_o column_n pillar_n brass_n marble_n and_o whatsoever_o be_v rich_a first_o erect_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o afterward_o by_o the_o goth_n there_o be_v in_o fez_n above_o two_o hundred_o school_n two_o hundred_o inn_n and_o four_o hundred_o water-mil_n every_o one_o drive_v with_o four_o or_o five_o wheel_n there_o be_v also_o divers_a college_n among_o which_o that_o which_o be_v call_v madarac_n be_v account_v for_o one_o of_o the_o most_o fine_a piece_n of_o workmanship_n throughout_o all_o barbary_n there_o be_v likewise_o 600._o conduit_n from_o whence_o almost_o every_o house_n be_v serve_v with_o water_n it_o be_v a_o long_a labour_n to_o describe_v their_o burse_n they_o call_v it_o alcacer_n it_o be_v a_o place_n wall_v about_o have_v twelve_o gate_n and_o divide_v into_o fifteen_o walk_n where_o merchant_n meet_v to_o dispatch_v their_o business_n under_o tent_n their_o delightsome_a garden_n and_o pleasant_a park_n with_o the_o rillet_n and_o water_n run_v through_o they_o i_o can_v hardly_o describe_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o king_n keep_v his_o court_n at_o fez_n court._n wherein_o he_o have_v a_o castle_n palace_n and_o house_n adorn_v with_o rare_a workmanship_n rich_a and_o beautiful_a even_o to_o his_o heart_n desire_v he_o have_v a_o way_n under_o ground_n from_o the_o old_a town_n to_o the_o new_a for_o greatness_n and_o stateliness_n thereof_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o former_a king_n it_o enjoy_v this_o strange_a privilege_n privilege_n not_o to_o endure_v any_o siege_n unless_o the_o citizen_n shall_v think_v their_o prince_n for_o strength_n and_o force_n able_a and_o equal_a to_o cope_v with_o his_o enemy_n if_o not_o without_o reproach_n of_o treason_n they_o may_v yield_v their_o city_n before_o the_o enemy_n approach_v within_o half_a a_o mile_n of_o it_o this_o have_v they_o do_v that_o so_o goodly_a and_o so_o flourish_v a_o city_n shall_v not_o suffer_v spoil_n under_o pretext_n of_o unprofitable_a temporize_a it_o be_v of_o no_o less_o moment_n for_o situation_n store_n of_o corn_n plenty_n oil_n flax_n and_o cattle_n than_o for_o pleasantness_n of_o territory_n and_o plenty_n of_o water_n the_o wall_n be_v very_o strong_a and_o defend_v with_o many_o bulwark_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v very_o thrifty_a give_v to_o traffic_n and_o especial_o to_o the_o make_n of_o clothes_n of_o wool_n silk_n and_o cotten_n the_o king_n elder_a son_n be_v call_v the_o prince_n of_o mequivez_n though_o the_o kingdom_n have_v no_o good_a havens_n upon_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n yet_o great_a store_n of_o englishman_n and_o frenchman_n resort_n to_o alarach_n aguer_n and_o other_o port_n in_o the_o ocean_n whereof_o some_o belong_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n and_o other_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o marocho_fw-es they_o carry_v thither_o armour_n and_o other_o ware_n of_o europe_n which_o they_o barter_v for_o sugar_n and_o other_o commodity_n but_o how_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fez_n and_o marocho_fw-es two_n several_a principality_n with_o their_o dependence_n become_v subject_a to_o one_o crown_n i_o think_v it_o worthy_a relation_n because_o a_o more_o strange_a and_o memorable_a accident_n have_v not_o happen_v in_o our_o age_n about_o the_o year_n 1508._o a_o certain_a alfaique_n bear_v in_o tigumedet_fw-la in_o the_o province_n of_o dura_n begin_v to_o grow_v in_o reputation_n a_o man_n of_o a_o reach_a wit_n and_o no_o less_o ambitious_a than_o learned_a in_o the_o mathematics_n his_o name_n be_v ma●umet_n ben-amet_a otherwise_o call_v xeriffe_n by_o his_o own_o commandment_n this_o man_n derive_v his_o pedigree_n from_o mahumet_n and_o embolden_v by_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o africa_n and_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o state_n and_o commonweal_n thereof_o wherein_o in_o those_o day_n the_o portugal_n be_v of_o no_o small_a puissance_n begin_v to_o dream_v on_o the_o conquest_n of_o mauritania_n tingitana_n which_o the_o better_a to_o
especial_o if_o they_o be_v not_o natural_o spaniard_n first_o with_o a_o empty_a title_n and_o last_o be_v not_o otherwise_o able_a to_o pay_v or_o recompense_v they_o with_o a_o spanish_a sico._n a_o great_a and_o a_o main_a advancer_n of_o a_o cause_n and_o enlarger_n of_o empire_n religion_n be_v religion_n or_o the_o pretence_n of_o it_o religion_n be_v well_o call_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o state_n and_o be_v ever_o the_o prime_a thing_n to_o be_v look_v into_o most_o bitter_a dissension_n and_o hindrance_n of_o all_o great_a action_n still_o proceed_v from_o discontentment_n in_o religion_n anima_fw-la est_fw-la actus_fw-la corporis_fw-la say_v the_o philosopher_n it_o be_v the_o soul_n that_o give_v action_n and_o motion_n to_o the_o body_n and_o if_o the_o affection_n and_o passion_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v compose_v to_o a_o well_o order_v and_o content_v tranquillity_n and_o serenity_n there_o follow_v health_n strength_n and_o growth_n in_o all_o the_o limb_n and_o member_n of_o the_o body_n the_o conscience_n be_v a_o active_a spark_n and_o can_v easy_o man_n up_o all_o the_o power_n of_o soul_n and_o body_n either_o for_o the_o maintenance_n or_o enlargement_n of_o its_o liberty_n bonum_fw-la est_fw-la svi_fw-la communicativum_fw-la religion_n contrary_a to_o counsel_v desire_v ever_o to_o be_v make_v public_a the_o spiritual_a man_n as_o well_o as_o the_o natural_a ever_o have_v a_o desire_n generare_fw-la sibi_fw-la simile_n to_o beget_v other_o in_o his_o own_o likeness_n to_o compass_v sea_n and_o land_n to_o make_v a_o proselyte_n as_o therefore_o prince_n have_v still_o account_v it_o a_o dangerous_a thing_n to_o arm_v religion_n against_o themselves_o so_o have_v they_o most_o willing_o accept_v of_o the_o countenance_n of_o religion_n no_o such_o encouragement_n can_v come_v to_o the_o israelite_n or_o dishearten_v to_o the_o philistine_n as_o when_o the_o ark_n of_o god_n be_v in_o the_o host_n of_o israel_n who_o be_v able_a to_o stand_v against_o these_o mighty_a god_n say_v they_o most_o sure_o be_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o pope_n found_v who_o ground_n be_v lay_v in_o the_o conscience_n the_o turk_n pretend_v to_o propagate_v his_o religion_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n we_o see_v how_o that_o have_v advance_v his_o conquest_n and_o what_o advantage_n have_v the_o spaniard_n more_o make_v use_n of_o in_o these_o late_a war_n than_o a_o specious_a pretence_n of_o root_a out_o the_o protestant_n and_o the_o re-establish_a of_o the_o catholic_a religion_n by_o which_o secret_a he_o have_v not_o only_o stave_v off_o the_o popish_a prince_n and_o erector_n of_o germany_n not_o only_o from_o defend_v the_o common_a liberty_n of_o their_o country_n but_o to_o enter_v that_o which_o they_o call_v the_o holy_a league_n with_o he_o whereby_o for_o zeal_n of_o enlarge_a their_o religion_n they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n weaken_v themselves_o that_o he_o at_o last_o pick_v a_o slight_a quarrel_n with_o they_o may_v swallow_v they_o up_o one_o after_o another_o have_v long_o before_o design_v they_o papist_n as_o well_n as_o protestant_n to_o a_o common_a destruction_n for_o though_o the_o spaniard_n pretend_v religion_n yet_o he_o intend_v monarchy_n this_o plot_n beginning_n to_o be_v discover_v we_o see_v most_o of_o the_o prince_n of_o christendom_n draw_v to_o a_o leaguer_n war_n that_o be_v to_o a_o confederacy_n of_o all_o protestant_a prince_n against_o all_o popish_a &_o who_o see_v not_o that_o if_o the_o romish_a religion_n prevail_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n monarchy_n must_v needs_o prove_v as_o catholic_a that_o be_v universal_a as_o his_o religion_n and_o then_o will_v he_o prove_v the_o catholic_a king_n indeed_o now_o that_o the_o pretence_n of_o religion_n may_v take_v the_o better_a it_o be_v necessary_a that_o there_o be_v a_o union_n in_o it_o among_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o grand_a pretender_n or_o at_o least_o that_o those_o of_o the_o adverse_a opinion_n be_v so_o few_o and_o weak_a that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o put_v a_o army_n into_o the_o field_n toleration_n of_o religion_n be_v most_o dangerous_a and_o sure_o shall_v the_o king_n of_o england_n much_o exhaust_v his_o land_n force_n to_o make_v a_o potent_a invasion_n upon_o the_o spanish_a dominion_n the_o jesuit_n will_v present_o stir_v up_o our_o papist_n to_o call_v he_o back_o again_o for_o the_o stint_n of_o a_o domestic_a rebellion_n for_o to_o be_v fear_v it_o be_v that_o though_o all_o our_o recusant_n be_v the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n yet_o too_o many_o of_o they_o be_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n servant_n no_o soon_o on_o the_o otherside_n do_v the_o french_a king_n this_o present_a year_n lead_v his_o army_n over_o the_o alps_n into_o italy_n but_o the_o duke_n de_fw-fr rohan_n think_v it_o a_o fit_a opportunity_n for_o the_o protestant_n to_o struggle_v for_o their_o liberty_n and_o therefore_o plain_o as_o of_o all_o good_a cause_n religion_n be_v the_o chief_a so_o in_o religion_n there_o must_v be_v unity_n and_o that_o make_v it_o irresistible_a final_o as_o natural_a body_n be_v best_a nourish_v by_o thing_n of_o that_o nature_n and_o kind_n whereof_o they_o consist_v even_o so_o that_o empire_n which_o be_v gain_v or_o enlarge_v by_o religion_n must_v ever_o be_v maintain_v by_o it_o it_o be_v therefore_o the_o old_a rule_n among_o the_o conqueror_n to_o bring_v in_o their_o own_o language_n law_n and_o religion_n among_o their_o new_a subject_n the_o roman_n do_v this_o every_o where_o and_o the_o norman_a do_v it_o in_o england_n the_o spaniard_n indeed_o have_v not_o much_o stand_v upon_o law_n and_o language_n but_o have_v ever_o be_v diligent_a for_o his_o religion_n and_o though_o in_o the_o palatinate_n he_o suffer_v some_o protestant_a minister_n awhile_o to_o make_v the_o conquest_n the_o sweet_a yet_o those_o be_v either_o dead_a or_o weary_v out_o he_o never_o suffer_v another_o protestant_n to_o succeed_v the_o diligence_n and_o fury_n of_o the_o emperor_n for_o root_a out_o those_o of_o the_o augustane_n confession_n in_o bohemia_n etc._n etc._n may_v well_o confirm_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o observation_n the_o quality_n of_o weapon_n weapon_n and_o the_o order_n of_o discipline_n be_v important_a instrument_n of_o this_o martial_a greatness_n advantage_n of_o weapon_n be_v like_o good_a cast_n and_o strict_a discipline_n like_o skilful_a play_v both_o which_o must_v needs_o win_v the_o game_n the_o macedonian_n by_o their_o pike_n and_o the_o roman_n by_o their_o pyles_n the_o parthian_n and_o english_a by_o their_o long_a bow_n have_v still_o be_v victorious_a the_o same_o thing_n do_v engine_n and_o fortification_n the_o gun_n have_v bring_v all_o weapon_n to_o a_o equality_n that_o only_o domineer_v now_o nothing_o resist_v it_o but_o the_o spade_n it_o be_v a_o weapon_n of_o terrible_a execution_n serviceable_a both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n &_o yet_o be_v not_o the_o slaughter_n make_v by_o the_o 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sex_n or_o call_v if_o the_o war_n be_v draw_v out_o at_o length_n or_o if_o they_o be_v besiege_v they_o faint_v with_o cowardice_n in_o camp_n they_o can_v endure_v no_o delay_n neither_o know_v they_o how_o to_o temporize_v if_o their_o first_o attempt_n fall_v not_o out_o to_o their_o mind_n they_o be_v at_o their_o wit_n end_n and_o lose_v courage_n if_o they_o once_o begin_v to_o run_v they_o will_v never_o turn_v again_o he_o that_o retain_v they_o must_v be_v at_o extraordinary_a charge_n and_o great_a trouble_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o wife_n who_o consume_v so_o much_o provision_n that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a hard_a thing_n to_o provide_v it_o almost_o unpossible_a to_o preserve_v it_o and_o without_o this_o provision_n they_o stand_v in_o no_o stead_n their_o horse_n be_v rather_o strong_a than_o courageous_a and_o because_o of_o ten_o which_o go_v to_o the_o war_n eight_o be_v press_v from_o the_o plough_n they_o be_v of_o small_a service_n and_o when_o they_o see_v 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in_o person_n with_o fifteen_o hundred_o horseman_n better_a horseman_n there_o be_v not_o in_o the_o whole_a campe._n william_n duke_n of_o mantua_n be_v there_o also_o with_o a_o gallant_a troop_n of_o footman_n and_o henry_n of_o lorraine_n duke_n of_o guis●●_n have_v there_o three_o hundred_o gentleman_n the_o commonweal_n of_o genoa_n and_o lucca_n assist_v they_o with_o money_n with_o the_o aid_n of_o these_o prince_n and_o with_o those_o who_o pius_n the_o five_o send_v to_o his_o succour_n maximilian_n the_o second_o have_v in_o the_o field_n and_o hundred_o thousand_o footman_n and_o five_o and_o thirty_o thousand_o horse_n anno_fw-la 1566._o the_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n at_o the_o diet_n of_o ausburg_n grant_v he_o a_o assistance_n of_o forty_o thousand_o footman_n and_o eight_o thousand_o horseman_n for_o eight_o month_n and_o twenty_o thousand_o footman_n and_o four_o thousand_o horseman_n for_o three_o year_n next_o follow_v ostrich_n and_o now_o because_o the_o 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his_o wife_n anne_n hungary_n be_v adjoin_v this_o ferdinand_n leave_v three_o son_n behind_o he_o who_o although_o they_o divide_v their_o inheritance_n into_o three_o part_n yet_o their_o successor_n even_o to_o this_o day_n do_v and_o do_v govern_v they_o as_o one_o entire_a government_n their_o counsel_n be_v one_o their_o mind_n one_o their_o designment_n one_o most_o lively_o represent_v the_o ancient_a geryon_n where_o for_o the_o common_a safety_n if_o any_o part_n be_v afflict_v every_o member_n run_v to_o the_o succour_n of_o the_o other_o as_o if_o it_o be_v to_o their_o peculiar_a tranquillity_n their_o dominion_n stretch_v so_o large_a and_o be_v of_o such_o force_n that_o if_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a tract_n of_o land_n lie_v between_o the_o carpathie_n mountain_n and_o segonia_n they_o do_v not_o border_n upon_o the_o great_a turk_n who_o always_o constrain_v they_o to_o stand_v upon_o their_o guard_n and_o to_o be_v at_o excessive_a charge_n no_o potentate_n throughout_o the_o christian_a world_n can_v go_v beyond_o they_o for_o number_n of_o people_n for_o wealth_n and_o treasure_n or_o for_o magnificent_a city_n any_o man_n may_v perceive_v this_o to_o be_v true_a that_o consider_v the_o distance_n from_o tergiste_n to_o the_o border_n of_o lusatia_n from_o tissa_n to_o nobu●_n from_o canisia_n to_o constantia_n upon_o the_o lake_n podame_n austria_n be_v sometime_o a_o kingdom_n of_o itself_o and_o call_v ostenrick_n make_v so_o anno_fw-la 1225._o it_o hold_v this_o honour_n but_o eleven_o year_n duke_n albert_n son_n to_o the_o emperor_n rodolphus_n by_o marriage_n unite_a tirole_n stiria_n carinthia_n and_o carniola_n who_o descendant_n fredrick_n 3_o emperor_n raise_v it_o to_o a_o archdukedome_n this_o house_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o illustrious_a family_n the_o first_o be_v spain_n the_o second_o gratz_n of_o stiria_n of_o which_o house_n this_o present_a emperor_n ferdinand_n be_v the_o three_o inspruck_v and_o the_o four_o burgundy_n it_o be_v a_o goodly_a and_o a_o rich_a country_n yea_o the_o best_a of_o all_o germany_n both_o for_o corn_n cattell_n wine_n and_o fish_n divers_a good_a city_n it_o have_v whereof_o vienna_n be_v small_a but_o for_o strength_n the_o very_a bulwark_n of_o europe_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o which_o the_o turk_n lose_v 60000._o soldier_n the_o first_o wall_n be_v build_v with_o the_o ransom_n of_o our_o king_n richara_n the_o first_o the_o protestant_n be_v much_o get_v into_o these_o part_n before_o these_o late_a war_n and_o the_o emperor_n have_v much_o ado_n to_o suppress_v the_o boor_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1627._o under_o student_n potts_n a_o scholar_n stand_v stout_o for_o their_o conscience_n his_o revenue_n must_v needs_o be_v good_a as_o have_v some_o silver_n mine_n the_o transportation_n of_o wine_n and_o beef_n yield_v much_o to_o he_o his_o force_n be_v still_o in_o garrison_n in_o hungary_n against_o the_o turk_n the_o sea_n come_v not_o near_o he_o under_o the_o emperor_n at_o this_o day_n be_v lusatia_n silesia_n bohemia_n moravia_n austria_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o hung●rie_n territory_n large_a and_o ample_a abound_v with_o people_n corn_n and_o riches_n then_o follow_v stiria_n carinthia_n carniola_n the_o country_n of_o canisia_n tirol_n slesia_n the_o princedom_n of_o swevia_n alsaria_n brisgovia_n and_o constantia_n the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n bohemia_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n round_o be_v encompass_v with_o great_a mountain_n and_o the_o hercynian_a wood_n it_o contain_v in_o the_o whole_a circuit_n five_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o english_a mile_n the_o length_n be_v three_o day_n journey_n those_o mountain_n as_o i_o have_v say_v elsewhere_o as_o also_o the_o whole_a soil_n be_v pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a abound_v with_o corn_n wood_n wine_n and_o grass_n and_o afford_v gold_n silver_z copper_z tin_n lead_v and_o iron_n in_o great_a quantity_n only_o here_o be_v no_o salt_n but_o such_o as_o
they_o to_o who_o heir_n frederick_n barbarossa_n restore_v the_o palatinate_n in_o the_o year_n 1183._o since_o which_o time_n as_o munster_n say_v it_o ever_o continue_a in_o that_o male_a line_n until_o these_o unfortunate_a war_n the_o low_a palatinate_n have_v be_v twice_o augment_v once_o by_o the_o emperor_n wenceslaus_n who_o bestow_v oppenheim_n and_o two_o other_o imperial_a town_n upon_o the_o elector_n for_o his_o voice_n in_o the_o election_n the_o second_o augmentation_n be_v by_o the_o ransom_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o wirtenberg_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n both_o take_v in_o one_o battle_n by_o prince_n fredrick_n anno_fw-la 1452._o out_n of_o both_o who_o country_n lie_v next_o unto_o the_o palatinate_n the_o victorious_a palatine_a take_v some_o what_o to_o lay_v to_o his_o own_o for_o which_o and_o other_o quarrel_n there_o have_v still_o continue_v a_o grudge_n in_o the_o archbishop_n towards_o the_o palsgraves_n mentz_n who_o archiepiscopall_a city_n be_v 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the_o late_a war_n have_v they_o bring_v to_o they_o like_o beef_n or_o bacon_n how_o famous_a the_o rhenish_a wine_n be_v i_o need_v not_o say_v of_o corn_n they_o have_v no_o want_n silver_n also_o be_v here_o dig_v up_o goodly_a town_n and_o strong_a it_o have_v such_o store_n as_o if_o they_o have_v have_v nothing_o but_o city_n all_o which_o be_v now_o divide_v betwixt_o the_o emperor_n the_o bavarian_a and_o the_o spaniard_n the_o prince_n also_o be_v say_v to_o have_v two_o and_o twenty_o palace_n but_o the_o chief_a ornament_n be_v the_o incomparable_a library_n of_o heidelberg_n not_o for_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o room_n for_o it_o be_v but_o in_o the_o roof_n of_o the_o chief_a church_n and_o that_o by_o a_o long_a wall_n divide_v into_o two_o part_n but_o for_o the_o number_n of_o excellent_a manuscript_n and_o print_a book_n with_o which_o it_o be_v then_o better_o store_v than_o oxford_n yet_o be_v the_o prince_n revenue_n arise_v first_o out_o of_o his_o own_o land_n and_o custom_n of_o his_o manor_n second_o out_o of_o the_o ten_o and_o wealth_n of_o the_o monastery_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o church_n confiscate_v which_o perchance_o make_v up_o one_o quarter_n if_o not_o more_o of_o his_o whole_a estate_n three_o from_o the_o toll_n of_o one_o bridge_n over_o the_o rhine_n he_o yearly_a have_v about_o twenty_o thousand_o crown_n four_o some_o say_v that_o one_o silver_n i_o yield_v he_o threescore_o thousand_o crown_n all_o together_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o and_o the_o upper_a palatinate_n lie_v next_o to_o bavaria_n and_o some_o thirty_o english_a mile_n distant_a from_o this_o low_o be_v value_v to_o amount_v unto_o one_o hundred_o sixty_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a of_o yearly_a revenue_n final_o of_o the_o three_o temporal_a elector_n go_v this_o common_a proverb_n in_o germany_n that_o the_o palsgrave_n have_v the_o honour_n saxony_n the_o money_n and_o brandenburg_n the_o land_n for_o saxony_n indeed_o be_v rich_a and_o brandenburgh_n dominion_n large_a than_o those_o of_o the_o prince_n elector_n palatine_n the_o state_n of_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n saxony_n contain_v the_o marquisat_n of_o m●sen_n the_o lantgravedome_n of_o turinge_v voitland_n part_n of_o nether_a saxony_n almost_o within_o two_o dutch_a mile_n of_o maigdburg_n part_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o mansfielt_n pawn_v to_o augustus_n for_o some_o sum_n of_o money_n and_o a_o parcel_n of_o frankhenland_n the_o whole_a country_n be_v seat_v almost_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o germany_n on_o all_o side_n very_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n except_o voitland_n very_o plain_a and_o champion_n sprinkle_v here_o and_o there_o with_o some_o few_o of_o they_o navigable_a the_o chief_a of_o they_o all_o be_v the_o elve_n ●o_o which_o all_o the_o rest_n pay_v the_o tribute_n of_o their_o water_n all_o of_o it_o together_o be_v imagine_v to_o be_v in_o bigness_n about_o a_o three_o part_n of_o england_n or_o somewhat_o more_o the_o climate_n in_o temperature_n be_v not_o much_o differ_v from_o we_o of_o england_n situation_n it_o confine_v on_o the_o southeast_n with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bohem_n and_o be_v part_v with_o many_o high_a hill_n and_o great_a wood_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o bishop_n of_o bambergs_n country_n and_o on_o the_o south-west_n with_o the_o landgrave_n of_o hesse_n on_o the_o north_n and_o northwest_n with_o the_o count_n of_o mansfielt_n the_o prince_n of_o an●●●●●_n and_o the_o city_n of_o maidburgh_n of_o which_o this_o duke_n write_v himself_o burgrave_n and_o the_o marquesse_n of_o brandeburghs_n elder_a son_n archbishop_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o under_o either_o jurisdiction_n but_o free_o govern_v within_o itself_o on_o the_o north-east_n lie_v the_o marquesdome_n of_o ●randeburgh_n and_o the_o lansknite_n who_o partly_o belong_v to_o the_o marquesse_n and_o partly_o to_o the_o emperor_n it_o be_v in_o peace_n at_o this_o time_n as_o all_o germany_n beside_o with_o all_o the_o neighbour-prince_n borderer_n between_o the_o bohemian_n and_o they_o there_o be_v a_o great_a league_n but_o betwixt_o the_o emperor_n and_o their_o duke_n great_a jealousy_n under_o hand_n the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n the_o marquess_n of_o brandeburgh_n and_o the_o lantgrave_v of_o hesse_n have_v many_o year_n they_o and_o their_o ancestry_n be_v link_v together_o and_o both_o lutheran_n howbeit_o the_o landgrave_n be_v think_v to_o favour_n of_o calvinisme_n the_o bishop_n of_o bamberge_n both_o himself_o and_o his_o country_n be_v all_o catholic_n but_o of_o no_o power_n to_o hurt_v though_o they_o be_v enemy_n the_o count_n of_o mansfielt_n have_v a_o grudge_n to_o the_o house_n of_o saxony_n because_o most_o of_o their_o land_n be_v pawn_v to_o augustus_n be_v as_o they_o pretend_v wrongful_o detain_v the_o debt_n be_v long_o since_o satisfy_v but_o they_o be_v so_o many_o and_o so_o poor_a as_o they_o may_v well_o have_v the_o will_n but_o not_o the_o power_n to_o annoy_n saxony_n in_o religion_n catholic_n mansfield_n the_o prince_n of_o anhault_n as_o also_o the_o count_n of_o mansfield_n be_v homager_n to_o this_o duke_n but_o of_o small_a power_n or_o riches_n in_o religion_n calvinist_n for_o home_n defence_n and_o strength_n force_n this_o dukedom_n be_v so_o strong_a by_o nature_n on_o boheme_n side_n and_o upon_o the_o frontier_n and_o within_o land_n so_o well_o fortify_v by_o art_n with_o reasonable_a strong_a city_n town_n and_o castle_n so_o well_o people_v and_o all_o place_n of_o strength_n so_o well_o look_v unto_o and_o keep_v in_o so_o good_a order_n that_o it_o seem_v provide_v to_o withstand_v the_o enemy_n not_o only_o of_o any_o one_o but_o of_o all_o the_o neighbour-province_n the_o great_a and_o chief_a city_n within_o this_o dukedom_n be_v erdford_n seat_v in_o ture_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o duke_n erdford_n but_o a_o free_a and_o hanse-towne_n the_o next_o unto_o it_o be_v leipsique_fw-la the_o metropolis_n of_o mis●n_n a_o town_n very_o well_o seat_v both_o for_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n yet_o of_o no_o great_a strength_n though_o it_o hold_v out_o john_n frederick_n a_o siege_n of_o two_o or_o three_o month_n with_o small_a disadvantage_n of_o build_v very_o fair_a and_o stately_a most_o of_o the_o house_n of_o seven_o eight_o or_o nine_o story_n high_a but_o all_o of_o brick_n and_o no_o stone_n it_o be_v great_a than_o dresden_n and_o have_v many_o fair_a and_o large_a street_n and_o yet_o inferior_a in_o beauty_n and_o strength_n for_o the_o duke_n will_v not_o suffer_v the_o inhabitant_n neither_o to_o fortify_v nor_o to_o repair_v the_o wall_n leave_v they_o shall_v again_o rebel_v as_o in_o former_a time_n within_o the_o wall_n be_v nine_o hundred_o house_n it_o have_v three_o church_n five_o college_n and_o about_o four_o hundred_o student_n as_o also_o a_o fair_a castle_n with_o a_o small_a
garrison_n to_o keep_v the_o town_n in_o obedience_n to_o it_o resort_v divers_a merchant_n for_o traffic_n and_o many_o gentleman_n to_o lea●●●_n the_o ●●●●uage_n there_o be_v beside_o divers_a other_o pretty_a and_o reasonable_a strong_a town_n but_o above_o all_o dresden_n dresden_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n it_o stand_v in_o the_o county_n of_o mis●●a_n round_o and_o contain_v in_o compass_n about_o the_o wall_n the_o circuit_n of_o two_o english_a mile_n these_o wall_n be_v of_o fair_a and_o large_a square_a stone_n well_o countermine_v with_o earth_n on_o the_o inside_n and_o wonderful_o fortify_v with_o seven_o strong_a bulwark_n and_o as_o many_o great_a mount_n on_o the_o outside_n on_o the_o which_o as_o also_o on_o the_o wall_n be_v one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o goodly_a piece_n of_o brass_n artillery_n with_o a_o garrison_n of_o five_o hundred_o well_o appoint_v soldier_n in_o continual_a pay_n this_o city_n within_o the_o wall_n have_v eight_o 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any_o that_o i_o see_v but_o only_o the_o dukedom_n of_o wittenberg_n it_o have_v great_a store_n of_o very_o good_a corn_n of_o all_o sort_n reasonable_a good_a and_o convenient_a store_n of_o most_o sort_n of_o cattle_n of_o horse_n they_o have_v plenty_n and_o those_o strong_a and_o tall_a of_o stature_n but_o fit_a to_o draw_v than_o to_o serve_v yet_o very_o well_o fit_v their_o manner_n of_o service_n be_v heavy_o arm_v viz._n with_o a_o petronel_n a_o case_n of_o pistol_n a_o courtle-axe_n and_o divers_a time_n with_o a_o battle-axe_n over_o and_o above_o all_o which_o his_o horse_n must_v be_v able_a to_o carry_v two_o or_o four_o bottle_n of_o wine_n or_o beer_n in_o his_o great_a heavy_a saddle_n leave_v in_o any_o case_n his_o master_n shall_v faint_v for_o want_v of_o liquor_n in_o his_o journey_n but_o their_o best_a raze_n they_o have_v out_o of_o the_o nether_a saxony_n where_o there_o be_v exceed_a store_n the_o bullock_n be_v but_o small_a and_o nothing_o good_a of_o 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superior_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n but_o for_o provision_n of_o war_n except_v powder_n whereof_o there_o be_v some_o store_n very_o mean_o furnish_v and_o for_o many_o respect_v not_o love_v of_o his_o neighbour_n prince_n this_o prince_n as_o the_o palatine_a be_v also_o of_o the_o order_n of_o england_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o germany_n as_o the_o duke_n of_o michelburg_n michelburg_n the_o landgrave_n of_o hesse_n the_o marquesse_n of_o baden_n hesse_n the_o marquesse_n of_o ansbach_n or_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o baden_n be_v in_o all_o respect_v much_o inferior_a to_o these_o already_o name_v ansbach_n need_v not_o to_o be_v bring_v into_o competition_n with_o the_o dukedom_n of_o saxony_n which_o make_v the_o case_n more_o lamentable_a that_o so_o mighty_a a_o princedom_n have_v be_v many_o year_n whole_o unite_v in_o maurice_n augustus_n and_o christianus_n shall_v now_o by_o the_o ill_a order_a custom_n of_o germany_n be_v distract_v and_o divide_v into_o part_n and_o likely_a in_o time_n to_o be_v more_o disunited_a by_o subdivide_v it_o again_o to_o future_a issue_n endless_a it_o be_v to_o write_v of_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o germany_n which_o be_v about_o forty_o in_o all_o beside_o seven_o archbishop_n and_o seven_o and_o forty_o bishop_n all_o man_n of_o great_a power_n and_o possession_n the_o imperial_a city_n be_v also_o signory_n by_o themselves_o each_o able_a to_o make_v levy_n of_o man_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n thus_o much_o therefore_o for_o germany_n geneva_n geneva_n be_v also_o a_o imperial_a city_n in_o savoy_n situation_n situate_v at_o the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o lake_n lemanus_n circuit_n hard_o by_o the_o lake_n it_o be_v in_o circuit_n about_o two_o english_a mile_n reasonable_a strong_a by_o nature_n and_o art_n as_o well_o for_o that_o it_o be_v seat_v on_o a_o hill_n which_o on_o the_o west_n be_v not_o easy_o accessible_a as_o also_o for_o that_o it_o be_v indifferent_o well_o fortify_v with_o 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it_o divide_v itself_o into_o two_o branch_n make_v a_o little_a island_n wherein_o be_v some_o few_o house_n and_o seven_o or_o eight_o mill_n to_o grind_v corn_n the_o weak_a part_n of_o the_o town_n be_v upon_o the_o east-side_n and_o out_o of_o the_o west_n by_o saint_n gervais_n church_n and_o for_o that_o it_o may_v have_v be_v surprise_v from_o the_o lake_n monsieur_fw-fr la_fw-fr nove_n cause_v a_o new_a fort_n to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o lake_n by_o reason_n whereof_o that_o part_n be_v most_o secure_a the_o town_n be_v well_o people_v especial_o with_o woman_n insomuch_o as_o they_o common_o say_v that_o there_o be_v three_o woman_n for_o one_o man_n yield_v this_o reason_n that_o the_o war_n have_v consume_v their_o man_n they_o reckon_v some_o sixteen_o thousand_o of_o all_o sort_n territory_n the_o territory_n be_v small_a be_v no_o way_n above_o two_o league_n and_o a_o half_a yet_o by_o reason_n the_o soil_n be_v fruitful_a be_v well_o manure_v it_o 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the_o market_n to_o be_v well_o serve_v the_o town_n stand_v very_o well_o for_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n and_o if_o it_o may_v have_v peace_n it_o will_v grow_v rich_a in_o short_a time_n for_o the_o ordinary_a passage_n to_o transport_v commodity_n out_o of_o germany_n to_o france_n especial_o to_o lion_n and_o so_o back_o again_o into_o switzerland_n and_o germany_n be_v by_o this_o town_n beside_o all_o savoy_n in_o a_o manner_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bernesi_n resort_v hither_o to_o buy_v their_o armour_n apparel_n and_o other_o necessary_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n mechanical_a person_n make_v excellent_a good_a pecces_fw-la as_o musket_n caleever_n etc._n etc._n they_o likewise_o work_v satin_n velvet_n taffeta_n handicraft_n and_o some_o quantity_n of_o cloth_n though_o not_o very_o fine_a nor_o durable_a there_o be_v many_o good_a merchant_n especial_o italian_n who_o have_v great_a deal_n some_o other_o be_v think_v 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effusion_n of_o blood_n than_o any_o the_o merciless_a tyrant_n of_o the_o former_a monarchy_n as_o for_o the_o college_n of_o cardinal_n cardinal_n it_o stretch_v out_o the_o western_a church_n on_o the_o tenterhooks_n of_o vainglory_n and_o authority_n suffer_v no_o man_n no_o not_o so_o much_o as_o in_o thought_n if_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o depress_v or_o question_n the_o privilege_n of_o religious_a person_n who_o according_a to_o their_o mean_n live_v in_o great_a state_n keep_v courtesan_n travel_n in_o caross_n though_o but_o for_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n to_o the_o consistory_n solemnize_v feast_n and_o banquet_n make_v show_v of_o ceremony_n and_o be_v in_o truth_n of_o no_o religion_n so_o that_o if_o a_o man_n be_v a_o atheist_n and_o have_v no_o conscience_n to_o believe_v that_o god_n must_v one_o day_n call_v we_o to_o account_v for_o our_o transgression_n i_o have_v rather_o live_v a_o religious_a man_n in_o rome_n than_o be_v a_o nobleman_n in_o naples_n who_o of_o all_o man_n live_v wash_v their_o hand_n most_o in_o carelessness_n be_v never_o disturb_v with_o worldly_a care_n or_o encumbrance_n the_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscanie_n it_o lie_v between_o the_o apennine_a and_o the_o sea_n tuscan_n and_o contain_v from_o magra_n to_o tenere_fw-la above_o two_o hundred_o threescore_o and_o ten_o mile_n it_o have_v large_a champion_n than_o liguria_n because_o the_o apennine_a stretch_v not_o so_o near_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o enlarge_v the_o plain_a in_o it_o be_v many_o large_a valley_n populous_a and_o rich_a in_o commodity_n but_o to_o speak_v of_o particular_n when_o we_o be_v past_a magra_n sarazana_n offer_v itself_o to_o our_o view_n a_o city_n hold_v by_o the_o genoise_n with_o great_a jealousy_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n and_o a_o little_a high_o lie_v pentrimoli_n a_o castle_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n of_o great_a account_n and_o situate_v not_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n then_o 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be_v low_a and_o moorish_a by_o reason_n of_o fen_n and_o marsh_n it_o become_v infectious_a cosmo_n the_o great_a duke_n undertake_v to_o repeople_n it_o again_o and_o to_o further_a his_o intention_n he_o build_v there_o a_o stately_a house_n for_o the_o receipt_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o saint_n stephen_n grace_v it_o with_o many_o privilege_n which_o yet_o to_o this_o day_n remain_v unaltered_a as_o also_o by_o sound_v a_o university_n by_o ease_v the_o people_n of_o many_o tax_n and_o by_o dwell_v himself_o among_o they_o two_o or_o three_o month_n in_o the_o year_n florence_n florence_n be_v the_o fair_a city_n in_o italy_n it_o be_v in_o compass_n six_o mile_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o four_o and_o forty_o parish_n and_o into_o one_o and_o twenty_o company_n it_o have_v in_o it_o threescore_o and_o six_o monastery_n and_o seven_o and_o thirty_o hospital_n the_o citizen_n buy_v their_o freedom_n of_o the_o emperor_n rodolfe_n for_o six_o thousand_o crown_n as_o they_o of_o 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diligence_n and_o curiosity_n for_o you_o shall_v see_v one_o little_a piece_n of_o ground_n to_o bring_v forth_o wine_n oil_n corn_n pulse_n and_o fruit_n notwithstanding_o it_o will_v not_o afford_v sufficient_a victual_n for_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o year_n to_o remedy_v which_o scarcity_n it_o be_v not_o without_o good_a reason_n that_o they_o spend_v two_o million_o of_o crown_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o pisa._n the_o last_o duke_n become_v a_o earnest_a petitioner_n to_o the_o pope_n that_o he_o may_v be_v create_v king_n of_o tuscanie_n but_o the_o pope_n not_o brook_v so_o lordly_a a_o title_n in_o so_o near_o a_o neighbour_n answer_v that_o he_o be_v content_a that_o he_o shall_v be_v king_n in_o tuscanie_n but_o not_o king_n of_o tuscanie_n which_o scholarlike_a distinction_n great_a prince_n can_v well_o digest_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o tuscan_n appear_v by_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o florentine_n florentine_n who_o nature_n above_o all_o the_o province_n of_o 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quarrel_n send_v his_o son_n to_o ask_v forgiveness_n of_o he_o that_o be_v hurt_v but_o the_o effect_n ensue_v contrary_a to_o his_o expectation_n for_o the_o father_n of_o the_o wound_a gentleman_n cause_v his_o servant_n to_o lay_v hold_n on_o he_o and_o cut_v off_o his_o hand_n and_o so_o send_v he_o back_o again_o will_v he_o to_o tell_v his_o father_n that_o wound_n be_v not_o cure_v with_o word_n but_o with_o weapon_n hereupon_o grow_v between_o those_o two_o family_n a_o mortal_a and_o cruel_a war_n which_o draw_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o city_n into_o the_o quarrel_n and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o great_a effusion_n of_o blood_n yea_o the_o florentine_n in_o stead_n of_o execute_v due_a punishment_n upon_o the_o principal_a author_n of_o the_o faction_n receive_v the_o banish_v on_o both_o side_n into_o their_o city_n where_o the_o donati_n undertake_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o neri_n and_o the_o chersi_fw-la of_o the_o bianchi_n
well_o maintain_v there_o be_v the_o house_n of_o piety_n call_v il_fw-fr monte_fw-fr della_fw-it pieta_fw-la piety_n which_o by_o ordinary_a revenue_n and_o gift_n may_v dispend_v yearly_o 60000._o crown_n wherewith_o among_o other_o charitable_a work_n it_o maintain_v through_o the_o kingdom_n two_o thousand_o infant_n it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o region_n belong_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o river_n jano_n calabria_n and_o the_o terrhene_a and_o ionian_a sea_n conteinue_v it_o be_v in_o compass_n above_o five_o hundred_o mile_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o province_n the_o one_o lie_v on_o the_o terrhene_a sea_n where_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o brutian_o do_v inhabit_v and_o that_o part_n be_v proper_o call_v calabria_n the_o other_o lie_v on_o the_o ionian_a and_o call_v magna_fw-la graecia_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o high_a and_o low_o of_o the_o high_a the_o chief_a seat_n be_v cosenza_n of_o the_o low_a catanzara_n cosenza_n be_v 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contain_v all_o that_o corner_n of_o land_n almost_o environ_v with_o the_o sea_n which_o lie_v between_o tarent_n and_o brundisium_n in_o it_o as_o strabo_n write_v be_v once_o thirteen_o great_a city_n but_o in_o his_o time_n only_o two_o tarent_n and_o brunduse_n the_o air_n be_v very_o healthful_a and_o though_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o soil_n seem_v rough_a and_o barren_a be_v break_v with_o the_o plough_n it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v excellent_a good_a mould_n it_o be_v scarce_o of_o water_n nevertheless_o it_o yield_v good_a pasture_n and_o be_v apt_a for_o wheat_n barley_n oat_n olive_n cedar_n excellent_a melon_n ox_n ass_n and_o mule_n of_o great_a estimation_n the_o people_n be_v in_o their_o manner_n dangerous_a superstitious_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n beastly_a the_o gentleman_n lover_n of_o liberty_n and_o pleasure_n scoffer_n at_o religion_n especial_o at_o that_o which_o we_o term_v the_o reform_a and_o yet_o themselves_o of_o their_o own_o great_a blasphemer_n for_o outward_a show_n they_o live_v in_o great_a pomp_n and_o make_v the_o city_n more_o stately_a because_o they_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o live_v in_o the_o country_n yet_o as_o they_o dare_v they_o bitter_o groan_v under_o the_o viceroy_n control_n who_o exercise_v the_o spanish_a pride_n among_o they_o so_o that_o in_o these_o day_n they_o come_v nothing_o near_o their_o native_a glory_n nor_o customary_a wantonness_n in_o this_o country_n be_v breed_v the_o tarantola_n who_o venom_n be_v expel_v with_o fire_n and_o music_n as_o gellius_n report_v out_o of_o theophrash_v his_o history_n of_o live_a creature_n there_o be_v likewise_o breed_v the_o chersidi_n serpent_n live_v both_o on_o the_o land_n and_o in_o the_o sea_n yea_o there_o be_v no_o part_n of_o italy_n more_o cumber_v with_o grasshopper_n which_o leave_v nothing_o where_o they_o come_v but_o will_v utter_o consume_v in_o one_o night_n whole_a field_n full_a of_o ripe_a corn_n if_o nature_n by_o send_v the_o bird_n call_v the_o gaive_n into_o those_o quarter_n have_v not_o provide_v a_o remedy_n against_o this_o misery_n the_o place_n at_o all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n endure_v much_o damage_n by_o hail_n thunder_n be_v as_o usual_a in_o winter_n as_o in_o summer_n this_o province_n be_v situate_v between_o two_o sea_n situation_n the_o city_n be_v seat_v in_o a_o island_n like_a unto_o a_o ship_n and_o join_v to_o the_o continent_n with_o bridge_n where_o the_o tide_n set_v violent_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o two_o sea_n join_v together_o by_o mean_n of_o a_o trench_n cut_v out_o by_o man_n hand_n and_o be_v of_o largeness_n sufficient_a to_o receive_v a_o galley_n where_o the_o city_n now_o stand_v be_v before_o a_o rock_n and_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o strong_a fortress_n of_o the_o kingdom_n caesaria_n from_o thence_o along_o the_o shore_n lie_v caesaria_n now_o ruin_v by_o they_o of_o gallipoli_n gallipolis_n gallipolis_n be_v seat_v on_o a_o ridge_n of_o land_n run_v 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such_o wood_n as_o grow_v too_o thick_a and_o obscure_a with_o their_o fire_n purge_v noisome_a exhalation_n and_o with_o their_o high_a building_n extenuate_v gross_a vapour_n so_o on_o the_o contrary_a there_o be_v nothing_o apt_a to_o breed_v infection_n than_o desolation_n for_o so_o the_o place_n be_v not_o only_o deprive_v of_o the_o aforesaid_a help_n but_o even_o the_o house_n and_o their_o ruin_n be_v receptacle_n of_o infection_n and_o matter_n of_o corruption_n which_o appear_v to_o be_v true_a by_o the_o ruin_n of_o aquilea_n rome_n ravenna_n and_o alexandria_n in_o egypt_n for_o which_o inconvenience_n the_o grecian_n never_o build_v huge_a city_n plato_n will_v not_o that_o his_o shall_v exceed_v 500_o family_n and_o aristotle_n wish_v that_o all_o his_o people_n may_v at_o once_o hear_v the_o voice_n of_o one_o crier_n this_o province_n extend_v from_o the_o confine_n of_o brunduse_n apulia_n to_o the_o river_n fortore_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o territory_n 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do_v there_o fortify_v &_o therein_o maintain_v themselves_o a_o long_a time_n for_o in_o truth_n there_o be_v no_o place_n better_a to_o molest_v the_o kingdom_n and_o to_o command_v the_o adriatic_a sea_n puglia_n be_v another_o province_n of_o this_o kingdom_n abruzze_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o river_n fortorie_n and_o the_o river_n tronto_n in_o which_o circuit_n be_v contain_v many_o people_n towards_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v a_o fruitful_a country_n in_o the_o midst_n rough_a and_o mountainous_a and_o the_o cold_a region_n in_o the_o kingdom_n the_o wealth_n thereof_o consist_v in_o cattle_n and_o saffron_n the_o country_n of_o malsi_n be_v divide_v with_o the_o river_n pescara_n malsi_n the_o governor_n thereof_o reside_v in_o san-severino_n this_o province_n have_v no_o famous_a place_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n but_o in_o the_o inland_n benevento_n benevento_n be_v give_v to_o the_o church_n by_o henry_n the_o four_o in_o recompense_n of_o
and_o their_o valour_n the_o battle_n fight_v at_o lepanto_n to_o the_o utter_a rout_v of_o the_o turkish_a navy_n be_v a_o sufficient_a testimony_n beside_o these_o they_o maintain_v six_o thousand_o man_n at_o arm_n well_o manage_v and_o appoint_v the_o like_a whereof_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o all_o italy_n beside_o touch_v their_o sea-force_n they_o have_v on_o the_o firm_a land_n ten_o thousand_o man_n enrol_v to_o serve_v at_o the_o ore_n and_o of_o these_o kind_n of_o man_n all_o dalmatia_n and_o sclavonia_n do_v yield_v they_o what_o number_n they_o will_v beside_o and_o that_o at_o a_o reasonable_a hand_n the_o city_n of_o venice_n alone_o sea_n arm_v upon_o occasion_n fifty_o galley_n and_o candy_n forty_o what_o their_o whole_a power_n and_o force_n every_o way_n may_v amount_v unto_o they_o show_v in_o the_o war_n of_o ferrara_n wherein_o they_o have_v on_o foot_n two_o several_a army_n one_o about_o ferrara_n the_o other_o on_o the_o confine_n of_o milan_n they_o have_v at_o the_o same_o time_n beside_o two_o several_a navy_n the_o one_o upon_o the_o po_n the_o other_o upon_o the_o sea_n to_o observe_v the_o proceed_n of_o naples_n and_o all_o this_o without_o associate_n in_o the_o war_n against_o lewis_n the_o twelve_o king_n of_o france_n their_o army_n be_v compose_v of_o two_o thousand_o man_n at_o arm_n three_o thousand_o light-horse_n and_o thirty_o thousand_o foot_n in_o the_o year_n 1570._o they_o arm_v forth_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o lesser_a galley_n eleven_o great_a galley_n one_o gallion_n and_o twenty_o five_o tall_a ship_n albeit_o that_o number_n by_o occasion_n of_o pestilence_n happen_v in_o the_o navy_n be_v reduce_v to_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o and_o seven_o lesser_a galley_n and_o fourteen_o ship_n the_o other_o vessel_n remain_v untouched_a like_v as_o have_v befall_v they_o before_o in_o the_o year_n 36._o when_o as_o they_o have_v the_o name_n only_o to_o make_v one_o part_n of_o three_o but_o indeed_o they_o make_v a_o full_a half_a of_o all_o the_o christian_a force_n beside_o but_o because_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o can_v give_v more_o certain_a conjecture_n of_o the_o power_n of_o any_o state_n than_o to_o have_v sustain_v and_o go_v through_o with_o great_a and_o perilous_a war_n it_o will_v not_o be_v unpleasant_a to_o set_v down_o some_o of_o their_o most_o important_a action_n which_o in_o that_o kind_n they_o have_v support_v ancient_o they_o have_v war_n with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o in_o that_o war_n they_o discomfit_v pepin_n son_n to_o charlemain_n they_o war_v afterward_o with_o the_o king_n of_o hungary_n and_o take_v from_o they_o the_o town_n which_o they_o now_o hold_v in_o dalmatia_n and_o sclavonie_n they_o fall_v at_o debate_n with_o the_o emperor_n of_o constantinople_n and_o get_v from_o they_o the_o city_n of_o salonich_n and_o of_o moria_n one_o the_o most_o dangerous_a war_n that_o they_o ever_o have_v be_v that_o which_o they_o manage_v with_o the_o genois_n and_o yet_o at_o length_n such_o be_v the_o issue_n thereof_o that_o howsoever_o have_v lose_v to_o the_o enemy_n chiozza_n and_o be_v near_o drive_v to_o their_o utter_a desolation_n yet_o be_v the_o enemy_n so_o far_o off_o from_o gain_v a_o entire_a victory_n upon_o they_o that_o in_o the_o pursuit_n thereof_o he_o most_o of_o all_o destroy_v himself_o insomuch_o that_o have_v for_o maintenance_n of_o that_o war_n engage_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o state_n of_o saint_n georgo_n so_o by_o little_a and_o little_a through_o feebleness_n grow_v upon_o they_o they_o be_v compel_v to_o throw_v the_o city_n within_o the_o arm_n and_o protection_n sometime_o of_o france_n and_o sometime_o of_o milan_n so_o that_o to_o this_o day_n they_o can_v never_o recover_v their_o pristinat_a fortune_n then_o have_v they_o to_o do_v with_o the_o visconti_n prince_n of_o milan_n who_o be_v at_o that_o time_n dreadful_a through_o italy_n yet_o by_o that_o war_n the_o venetian_a not_o only_o gain_v profit_n but_o honour_n also_o they_o oppose_v themselves_o against_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n in_o the_o prosecution_n of_o ferrara_n and_o that_o with_o such_o success_n that_o in_o fine_a they_o annex_v to_o their_o own_o dominion_n all_o the_o polesine_n of_o raviso_n and_o after_o they_o have_v irritate_v the_o prince_n of_o italy_n these_o let_v not_o to_o draw_v upon_o themselves_o a_o war_n undertake_v by_o all_o the_o potentate_n of_o christendom_n combine_v against_o they_o in_o the_o confederation_n conclude_v at_o cambray_n which_o war_n as_o it_o be_v the_o most_o hapless_a and_o despairful_a that_o ever_o they_o manage_v through_o the_o miscarriage_n of_o their_o army_n at_o carravaggio_n at_o brescia_n and_o at_o vicenza_n yet_o in_o the_o end_n they_o remain_v lord_n still_o of_o their_o own_o and_o of_o be_v conquer_v at_o last_o remain_v with_o conquest_n they_o have_v for_o many_o age_n together_o wage_v war_n with_o the_o turk_n especial_o with_o amurath_n the_o second_o mahomet_n the_o second_o with_o bajazeth_n and_o with_o selim_n the_o second_o they_o maintain_v a_o sixteen_o year_n war_n with_o mahomet_n the_o second_o even_o he_o which_o have_v the_o fortune_n to_o have_v subdue_v two_o empire_n constantinople_n and_o trapisond_n to_o have_v destroy_v twelve_o kingdom_n and_o to_o have_v sack_v two_o hundred_o city_n which_o war_n they_o finish_v although_o not_o altogether_o to_o their_o profit_n they_o hold_v war_n for_o seven_o year_n without_o intermission_n with_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o christendom_n and_o go_v away_o winner_n neither_o in_o all_o these_o occasion_n be_v they_o destitute_a either_o of_o man_n or_o money_n in_o our_o memory_n they_o war_v with_o selim_n the_o second_o and_o in_o that_o war_n they_o disburse_v above_o twelve_o million_o of_o money_n the_o like_a excessive_a sum_n they_o spend_v in_o their_o war_n with_o michael_n emperor_n of_o constantinople_n in_o the_o enterprise_n of_o ferrara_n and_o in_o the_o war_n undertake_v of_o the_o confederacy_n at_o cambray_n all_o which_o so_o inestimable_a sum_n notwithstanding_o at_o this_o day_n whether_o they_o be_v parcel_n of_o their_o own_o treasure_n or_o lones_fw-gr of_o money_n from_o other_o they_o have_v reimburse_v or_o extinguish_v the_o prince_n that_o border_n and_o confine_v upon_o the_o venetian_a be_v these_o the_o turk_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n the_o pope_n neighbour_n and_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n as_o touch_v the_o turk_n who_o state_n and_o power_n have_v be_v so_o regard_v in_o the_o world_n opinion_n turk_n he_o seem_v at_o this_o time_n rather_o to_o be_v impair_v than_o otherwise_o whereof_o one_o great_a sign_n be_v his_o protraction_n of_o the_o war_n in_o hungary_n these_o many_o year_n with_o army_n of_o much_o better_a quality_n than_o any_o his_o predecessor_n be_v wont_a to_o lead_v or_o send_v thither_o whereupon_o it_o have_v happen_v that_o not_o only_o his_o force_n have_v oftentimes_o be_v break_v and_o discomfit_v but_o also_o the_o prince_n himself_o have_v hardly_o escape_v from_o be_v take_v or_o slaughter_a if_o on_o our_o part_n there_o have_v be_v either_o better_a chief_n to_o temporize_v with_o he_o or_o more_o agreement_n in_o those_o head_n to_o assail_v he_o notwithstanding_o he_o have_v there_o lose_v the_o town_n of_o ●il●ch_n lippa_n rab_n and_o strigonium_n place_n of_o great_a consideration_n he_o have_v also_o the_o second_o time_n lose_v invarine_n these_o loss_n do_v more_o than_o countervail_v the_o win_n of_o agria_n from_o we_o be_v a_o fortress_n of_o many_o know_a imperfection_n for_o site_n and_o building_n beside_o the_o withdraw_n of_o ●ran●lvania_n and_o valachia_n from_o his_o subjection_n with_o the_o alienation_n of_o many_o rich_a province_n in_o asia_n the_o state_n of_o these_o present_v consider_v the_o venetian_a for_o that_o part_n of_o dominion_n that_o confine_v upon_o the_o turk_n have_v never_o more_o cause_n to_o think_v himself_o better_a secure_v from_o violence_n especial_o have_v all_o maritime_a town_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n gallant_o fortify_v which_o strength_n be_v also_o the_o great_a by_o the_o facility_n the_o sea_n afford_v to_o succour_v his_o own_o and_o to_o distress_v his_o enemy_n touch_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n spaniard_n upon_o who_o they_o do_v border_n as_o well_o in_o the_o adriatic_a as_o in_o lombardie_n it_o be_v now_o more_o than_o threescore_o year_n that_o there_o have_v be_v any_o variance_n at_o all_o befall_v they_o neither_o in_o truth_n can_v it_o turn_v the_o venetian_a to_o any_o great_a gain_n to_o have_v war_n with_o so_o powerful_a a_o king_n nor_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n to_o make_v war_n in_o italy_n where_o by_o put_v thing_n in_o uproar_n and_o tumult_n he_o may_v perhaps_o hazard_v some_o part_n of_o his_o own_o for_o that_o war_n as_o emanuel_n duke_n of_o savoy_n be_v
wont_a to_o say_v have_v something_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o dice_n which_o no_o man_n know_v how_o they_o will_v run_v i_o may_v say_v as_o much_o of_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n emperor_n prince_n that_o do_v exceed_o cherish_v and_o affect_v quietness_n wherewith_o they_o be_v become_v great_a and_o with_o the_o same_o mean_n do_v maintain_v their_o greatness_n of_o the_o church_n it_o be_v alike_o superfluous_a to_o speak_v for_o that_o neither_o saint_n peter_n can_v make_v any_o excuse_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o saint_n mark_v pope_n nor_o will_v saint_n mark_v seek_v to_o trouble_v saint_n peter_n unprovoke_v in_o sum_n the_o venetian_a have_v two_o main_a advantage_n above_o all_o other_o prince_n the_o one_o be_v that_o they_o have_v a_o council_n that_o be_v immortal_a the_o other_o that_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o state_n can_v be_v pierce_v unto_o by_o any_o enemy_n and_o so_o conclude_v that_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o venetian_a at_o this_o time_n be_v more_o potent_a and_o of_o great_a antiquity_n in_o italy_n than_o ever_o heretofore_o they_o have_v be_v not_o only_o for_o that_o the_o pope_n have_v a_o more_o ample_a territory_n and_o that_o but_o little_o encumber_v with_o petty_a lordship_n and_o that_o the_o venetian_a have_v his_o dominion_n better_o fortify_v and_o his_o coffer_n full_a than_o in_o time_n past_a but_o also_o in_o regard_n that_o the_o state_n of_o naples_n and_o milan_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o prince_n absent_a and_o far_o off_o and_o therefore_o circumspect_a to_o raise_v innovation_n lombardie_n ancient_o call_v cisalpina_n lombardie_n extend_v from_o panaco_n unto_o sesia_n lie_v between_o the_o apeniae_fw-la and_o the_o alps_n marca_n trivigiana_n sometime_o call_v venetia_n lie_v between_o the_o menzo_n and_o the_o po._n most_o common_o both_o province_n pass_v under_o the_o name_n of_o lombardy_n because_o there_o the_o king_n of_o the_o longobard_n seat_v their_o dwelling_n long_o than_o in_o any_o other_o place_n of_o italy_n beside_o the_o soil_n the_o air_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n hold_v such_o correspondency_n that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v distinguish_v this_o be_v the_o rich_a and_o civil_a province_n of_o italy_n for_o such_o another_o piece_n of_o ground_n for_o beautiful_a city_n goodly_a river_n field_n and_o pasture_n for_o plenty_n of_o fowl_n fish_n graine_n wine_n and_o fruit_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v again_o in_o all_o our_o western_a world_n arise_v partly_o by_o the_o ease_n of_o navigable_a river_n as_o tesino_n adda_n oglio_fw-it menzo_n adige_n and_o po_n partly_o by_o channe_n cut_n out_o of_o those_o river_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o great_a lake_n of_o verbano_n lario_fw-la and_o benaco_n no_o less_o commodity_n arise_v by_o the_o plain_n passable_a for_o cart_n mule_n and_o other_o carriage_n the_o greatness_n likewise_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o lombardie_n have_v be_v a_o great_a furtherance_n thereto_o for_o while_o the_o visconti_n reign_v this_o 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release_v his_o claim_n to_o the_o pope_n who_o now_o sole_o after_o the_o death_n of_o this_o old_a man_n look_v for_o it_o but_o many_o think_v his_o nose_n will_v be_v wipe_v of_o it_o for_o that_o the_o archduke_n leopold_n brother_n to_o this_o emperor_n have_v in_o the_o year_n 1626._o marry_v the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o this_o old_a duke_n guido_n and_o this_o may_v happen_v to_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o a_o breach_n between_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n especial_o of_o the_o duchy_n fall_v void_a in_o the_o life_n and_o height_n of_o this_o present_a emperor_n and_o that_o the_o spaniard_n and_o he_o get_v the_o better_a of_o it_o in_o the_o war_n of_o mantua_n modena_n be_v a_o hereditary_a dukedom_n modena_n full_a of_o riches_n and_o fashionable_a gentry_n after_o the_o best_a italian_a manner_n new_o ally_v to_o mantua_n and_o reasonable_o well_o fortify_v against_o his_o dangerous_a neighbour_n in_o milan_n and_o invit_v you_o to_o the_o view_n of_o a_o very_a delicate_a country_n the_o duke_n doom_n of_o mantua_n mantua_n be_v a_o late_a dukedom_n erect_v of_o a_o ancient_a marquifate_n in_o the_o name_n of_o gonzaga_n mantua_n he_o live_v in_o better_a fashion_n of_o courtship_n than_o the_o other_o prince_n with_o a_o guard_n of_o swisser_n the_o city_n be_v large_a boast_v of_o virgil_n birth_n and_o the_o delicate_a stream_n of_o po_n over_o which_o for_o all_o the_o swiftness_n and_o largeness_n a_o gallerie-bridge_n transport_v both_o coach_n cart_n and_o horse_n under_o which_o be_v preserve_v many_o courtly_a barge_n both_o for_o magnificent_a show_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o water_n in_o summer_n time_n as_o also_o for_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n throughout_o the_o year_n this_o state_n abut_a upon_o the_o east_n of_o milan_n have_v the_o marquifate_n of_o moutferrat_n annex_v unto_o it_o and_o be_v now_o the_o field_n of_o war_n in_o italy_n rich_a man_n never_o want_v heir_n weak_a title_n 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the_o late_a war_n with_o spain_n so_o that_o the_o poor_a dukedom_n of_o mantua_n be_v like_a to_o be_v undo_v by_o four_o pretender_n the_o heir_n the_o pope_n the_o emperor_n and_o the_o savoyard_n the_o spanish_a force_n of_o milan_n be_v too_o near_o unto_o mantua_n and_o the_o savoyard_n to_o montferrat_n these_o be_v his_o neighbour_n and_o enemy_n the_o dukedom_n of_o mantua_n be_v indifferent_a rich_a and_o able_a to_o live_v of_o its_o own_o seven_o good_a city_n it_o have_v whereof_o mantua_n be_v one_o of_o the_o strong_a in_o italy_n three_o side_n be_v fortify_v with_o a_o wide_a river_n montferrat_n be_v large_a than_o the_o duchy_n of_o mantua_n contain_v about_o threescore_o good_a wall_a town_n three_o of_o which_o be_v fair_a city_n both_o territory_n together_o contain_v as_o much_o land_n as_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscanie_n be_v master_n of_o yet_o his_o yearly_a revenue_n come_v not_o to_o much_o above_o 500000_o ducat_n for_o that_o he_o use_v his_o 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particoloured_a ensign_n these_o and_o such_o like_a furniture_n do_v cause_n they_o to_o be_v discern_v of_o their_o fellow_n make_v they_o seem_v terrible_a to_o their_o enemy_n and_o do_v encourage_v their_o mind_n to_o fierceness_n and_o prowess_n their_o horse_n be_v but_o small_a yet_o very_o nimble_a and_o far_o more_o courageous_a than_o the_o dutch._n it_o be_v think_v that_o upon_o necessity_n poland_n be_v able_a to_o raise_v a_o hundred_o thousand_o horse_n force_n and_o lituania_fw-mi seventy_o thousand_o but_o far_o inferior_a in_o goodness_n to_o the_o polish_v they_o have_v so_o great_a trust_n in_o the_o great_a number_n of_o their_o horse_n that_o nothing_o fear_v the_o power_n of_o any_o enemy_n they_o regard_v not_o the_o build_n of_o fortress_n but_o resolve_v that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v their_o country_n their_o wife_n and_o child_n their_o liberty_n and_o good_n in_o the_o open_a field_n against_o any_o prince_n whatsoever_o boast_v that_o in_o 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in_o russia_n be_v a_o gentleman_n and_o none_o gentleman_n but_o soldier_n so_o that_o the_o son_n of_o a_o gentleman_n be_v ever_o a_o gentleman_n and_o a_o soldier_n withal_o bind_v unto_o no_o other_o profession_n but_o mere_a souldierie_n it_o be_v think_v that_o no_o prince_n in_o christendom_n have_v better_a store_n of_o munition_n which_o may_v partly_o appear_v by_o the_o artillery-house_n at_o moscow_n where_o be_v divers_a sort_n of_o great_a ordnance_n all_o of_o brass_n very_o fair_a and_o to_o a_o exceed_o great_a number_n upon_o his_o frontier_n lie_v the_o tartar_n precopense_n borderer_n those_o of_o the_o taurica_n chersonesus_n the_o circassi_n and_o the_o nagayan_o these_o people_n inhabit_v a_o country_n seven_o day_n journey_n distant_a and_o be_v govern_v by_o duke_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o helvetian_o he_o have_v receive_v great_a injury_n of_o the_o precopense_n without_o hope_n of_o amends_o because_o they_o be_v confederate_a with_o the_o great_a 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many_o year_n 〈◊〉_d to_o dig_v a_o trench_n from_o tanais_n to_o volga_n but_o his_o force_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n by_o the_o moscovite_n in_o fear_n of_o their_o utter_a destruction_n if_o the_o turk_n have_v bring_v that_o designment_n to_o effect_v this_o be_v a_o device_n of_o great_a courage_n than_o wisdom_n for_o the_o moscovite_n not_o only_o defeat_v his_o navy_n take_v part_n thereof_o but_o also_o put_v all_o his_o land-force_n to_o the_o sword_n consist_v of_o fourscore_o thousand_o tartar_n five_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o turk_n and_o three_o thousand_o janisar_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o circassi_n the_o circassi_n live_v much_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o swisser_n they_o endeavour_v not_o to_o enlarge_v their_o own_o bound_n but_o serve_v for_o wage_n sometime_o under_o the_o turk_n sometime_o under_o the_o persian_a sometime_o under_o the_o moscovite_n from_o who_o dominion_n they_o be_v so_o far_o disjoin_v that_o they_o stand_v in_o no_o fear_n of_o their_o several_a greatness_n nagayan_o the_o nagayan_o be_v more_o to_o be_v dread_v for_o their_o sudden_a inroad_n and_o furious_a incursion_n than_o for_o jealousy_n of_o their_o force_n or_o that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v or_o undertake_v any_o royal_a voyage_n of_o late_a time_n they_o threaten_v the_o moscovite_n but_o their_o fury_n be_v soon_o appease_v by_o send_v they_o present_v it_o be_v the_o best_a course_n to_o hazard_v our_o money_n rather_o than_o our_o force_n against_o the_o theft_n &_o spoil_n of_o these_o barbarous_a nation_n for_o when_o they_o have_v neither_o city_n nor_o strong_a place_n to_o subdue_v thereby_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o subjection_n what_o can_v you_o term_v the_o war_n make_v against_o they_o but_o labour_n with_o loss_n and_o charge_n without_o profit_n but_o to_o prevent_v all_o mischief_n the_o duke_n be_v force_v to_o keep_v great_a troop_n of_o horse_n in_o curachan_n casan_n and_o viatca_n against_o these_o nagaij_n as_o also_o a_o great_a garrison_n in_o culagan_n upon_o tanais_n against_o the_o precopi_n but_o the_o mighty_a of_o they_o all_o be_v the_o chrim_a tartar_n tartar_n who_o some_o call_v the_o great_a cham_n who_o lie_v south_n and_o southeastward_o from_o russia_n and_o do_v most_o annoy_n the_o country_n by_o often_o invasion_n common_o once_o every_o year_n sometime_o enter_v very_o far_o within_o the_o inland_a part_n in_o the_o year_n 1571._o he_o pierce_v as_o far_o as_o the_o city_n moscow_n with_o a_o army_n of_o 200000._o man_n without_o battle_n or_o resistance_n for_o that_o the_o ruff_n emperor_n than_o ju●n_n vasiliwich_n lead_v forth_o his_o army_n to_o encounter_v he_o mistake_v the_o way_n the_o city_n he_o take_v not_o but_o fire_v the_o suburb_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o building_n consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o wood_n kindle_v so_o quick_o and_o go_v on_o with_o such_o fury_n as_o that_o it_o consume_v the_o great_a part_n thereof_o almost_o within_o the_o space_n of_o four_o hour_n where_o by_o fire_n and_o press_v 800000._o people_n or_o more_o be_v report_v to_o have_v perish_v at_o that_o season_n their_o principal_a quarrel_n arise_v about_o certain_a territory_n claim_v by_o the_o tartar_n but_o possess_v by_o the_o ruff_n the_o tartar_n allege_v that_o beside_o astrachan_n and_o cazan_n the_o ancient_a possession_n of_o the_o east_n tartar_n the_o whole_a bound_n north_n and_o westward_o so_o far_o as_o the_o city_n of_o moscow_n and_o moscow_n itself_o pertain_v to_o his_o right_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v true_a by_o the_o report_n of_o the_o russes_z themselves_z that_o tell_v of_o a_o certain_a homage_n do_v by_o the_o ruff_n emperor_n every_o year_n to_o the_o great_a chrim_n the_o ruff_n emperor_n stand_v on_o foot_n and_o feed_v the_o chrims_n horse_n sit_v on_o horseback_n with_o oat_n out_o of_o his_o own_o cap_n in_o stead_n of_o a_o bowl_n or_o manger_n and_o that_o within_o the_o castle_n of_o moscow_n and_o this_o homage_n they_o say_v be_v do_v till_o the_o time_n of_o basilius_n who_o surprise_v the_o chrim_a tartar_n by_o a_o stratagem_n undertake_v by_o one_o of_o his_o nobility_n be_v content_a to_o change_v this_o homage_n into_o a_o tribute_n of_o fur_n which_o afterward_o also_o be_v deny_v whereupon_o they_o continue_v their_o quarrel_n the_o ruff_n defend_v his_o country_n and_o conquest_n and_o the_o chrim_n invade_v he_o once_o or_o twice_o a_o year_n sometime_o about_o whitsuntide_n but_o often_o in_o harvest_n what_o time_n if_o the_o great_a chrim_n come_v in_o person_n he_o bring_v with_o he_o a_o army_n of_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o or_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n otherwise_o they_o make_v short_a and_o sudden_a road_n with_o lesser_a number_n run_v about_o the_o list_n of_o the_o border_n like_o wild-goose_n invade_v and_o retire_v as_o they_o see_v advantage_n tartary_n and_o now_o be_v enter_v thus_o far_o not_o without_o occasion_n into_o the_o manner_n of_o these_o tartar_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o somewhat_o to_o discourse_v of_o their_o right_n their_o arm_v their_o religion_n and_o custom_n their_o common_a practice_n be_v very_o populous_a be_v to_o make_v divers_a army_n and_o so_o draw_v the_o ruff_n into_o one_o or_o two_o place_n of_o the_o frontier_n to_o invade_v at_o some_o place_n unsuspected_a and_o without_o defence_n their_o order_n of_o fight_n be_v much_o after_o the_o ruff_n manner_n that_o be_v to_o thrust_v on_o all_o together_o without_o discipline_n in_o a_o hurry_n as_o they_o be_v direct_v by_o their_o general_n save_v that_o they_o be_v all_o horseman_n and_o carry_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o bow_n a_o sheaf_n of_o arrow_n and_o a_o cemiter_n after_o the_o turkish_a fashion_n they_o be_v very_o expert_a horseman_n and_o use_v to_o shoot_v as_o ready_o backward_o as_o forward_o some_o will_v have_v a_o horseman_n staff_n like_o a_o boar-spear_n beside_o their_o other_o weapon_n the_o common_a soldier_n have_v no_o other_o armour_n than_o his_o ordinary_a apparel_n viz._n a_o black_a sheepskin_n with_o the_o wooll-side_n outward_a in_o the_o day_n time_n and_o inward_o in_o the_o night_n time_n with_o a_o cap_n of_o the_o same_o but_o their_o morseis_n or_o nobleman_n imitate_v the_o turk_n both_o in_o apparel_n and_o armour_n when_o they_o be_v to_o pass_v over_o a_o river_n with_o their_o army_n they_o tie_v three_o or_o four_o horse_n together_o and_o take_v piece_n of_o wood_n they_o bind_v they_o to_o the_o tail_n of_o their_o horse_n and_o so_o sit_v on_o the_o pole_n they_o drive_v their_o horse_n over_o at_o handy_a stroke_n they_o be_v count_v far_o better_a man_n than_o the_o russes_z fierce_a by_o nature_n but_o more_o hardy_a and_o bloody_a by_o continual_a practice_n of_o war_n as_o man_n never_o enure_v to_o the_o delight_n of_o peace_n nor_o any_o civil_a practice_n yet_o their_o subtlety_n be_v
conjecture_v out_o of_o tacitus_n who_o report_v that_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o siege_n it_o contain_v two_o hundred_o thousand_o soul_n at_o this_o day_n it_o number_v not_o above_o five_o thousand_o inhabitant_n although_o many_o pilgrim_n daily_a resort_n thither_o for_o devotion_n sake_n it_o be_v once_o strong_o and_o fair_o wall_v but_o now_o weak_o and_o therein_o it_o show_v nothing_o now_o so_o famous_a as_o the_o sepulchie_n of_o our_o lord_n christ_n who_o temple_n encircle_v the_o whole_a mount_n of_o calvarie_n situate_v upon_o a_o plain_a plot_n of_o ground_n high_a round_o and_o open_a at_o the_o top_n from_o whence_o it_o receive_v light_a but_o the_o sepulchre_n itself_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o archt-chappell_n cut_v out_o of_o the_o main_a marble_n and_o leave_v unto_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o latin_a christian_n whosoever_o be_v desirous_a to_o see_v this_o sepulchre_n must_v pay_v nine_o crown_n to_o the_o turk_n so_o that_o this_o tribute_n be_v yearly_a worth_n unto_o he_o eight_o million_o of_o ducat_n one_o hundred_o and_o eight_o foot_n distant_a from_o this_o tomb_n be_v the_o mount_n call_v calvarie_n calvarie_n whereon_o our_o saviour_n christ_n be_v crucify_v by_o the_o treacherous_a jew_n in_o this_o place_n be_v many_o other_o religious_a relic_n and_o the_o pilgrim_n which_o come_v thither_o be_v always_o lodge_v according_a to_o their_o own_o profession_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o latin_n with_o the_o franciscan_n without_o the_o city_n by_o mount_n zion_n the_o grecian_n be_v lodge_v with_o the_o caloieran_n greek_n dwell_v within_o the_o city_n by_o the_o sepulchre_n and_o so_o every_o other_o nation_n abassine_n georgian_n armenian_n nestorian_n and_o maronits_n who_o all_o have_v their_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a chapel_n those_o franciscan_n which_o follow_v the_o latin_a church_n and_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n italian_n be_v wont_a to_o create_v the_o knight_n of_o the_o sepulchre_n and_o to_o give_v testimonial_a unto_o pilgrim_n of_o their_o arrival_n there_o without_o this_o city_n be_v the_o valley_n of_o jehosaphat_n and_o therein_o the_o tomb_n of_o the_o bless_a lady_n ichosaphat_n and_o s._n anne_n the_o territory_n adjoin_v be_v exceed_v fruitful_a in_o vine_n apple_n almond_n fig_n and_o oil_n the_o mountain_n be_v no_o less_o store_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o tree_n wild_a beast_n and_o spicery_n beside_o jerusalem_n stand_v bethlem_n bethlem_n now_o destroy_v and_o show_v nothing_o worth_a look_v on_o save_o a_o great_a and_o stately_a monastery_n of_o the_o franciscan_n within_o which_o be_v the_o place_n where_o christ_n be_v bear_v rama_fw-mi be_v now_o likewise_o ruinate_v the_o arch_n and_o cistern_n yet_o remain_v by_o the_o witness_n of_o bellonius_fw-la his_o own_a eye_n be_v great_a than_o those_o of_o alexandria_n but_o not_o so_o thick_a gaza_n be_v now_o a_o turkish_a sangiak-ship_n gaza_n the_o soil_n about_o fertile_a and_o the_o inhabitant_n grecian_n turk_n and_o arabian_n in_o holy_a writ_n this_o region_n be_v call_v edom_n jdumea_n and_o by_o other_o author_n nabathea_n towards_o the_o sea_n and_o judea_n the_o soil_n be_v fertile_a but_o towards_o arabia_n desert_n and_o barren_a some_o say_v it_o be_v inexpugnable_a for_o its_o desert_n and_o want_n of_o water_n yet_o be_v it_o store_v therewith_o but_o hide_v and_o know_v to_o none_o but_o the_o native_n of_o old_a they_o be_v a_o turbulent_a unquiet_a and_o seditious_a people_n and_o so_o at_o this_o day_n they_o be_v like_a to_o the_o villainous_a and_o roguish_a neighbour_n the_o arabian_n next_o border_v phoenicia_n as_o part_v of_o syria_n phoenicia_n expose_v to_o the_o sea_n and_o border_v upon_o galilee_n of_o old_a it_o have_v many_o famous_a city_n as_o tripoli_n beritus_n sydon_n tyrus_n ptolemais_n capernaum_n emissa_fw-la and_o other_o among_o the_o which_o tyre_n and_o sydon_n be_v most_o famous_a tyre_n be_v a_o goodly_a city_n a_o colony_n of_o the_o sydonian_o and_o round_o about_o encircle_v with_o the_o sea_n until_o alexander_n in_o his_o siege_n join_v it_o to_o the_o continent_n at_o this_o day_n it_o have_v two_o harbour_n that_o on_o the_o north_n side_n the_o fair_a and_o best_a throughout_o the_o levant_n which_o the_o cursores_fw-la enter_v at_o their_o pleasure_n the_o other_o choke_v with_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o city_n so_o be_v it_o and_o sydon_n now_o the_o strong_a receptacle_n of_o the_o stiffnecked_a drusian_o a_o generation_n they_o say_v descend_v from_o the_o relic_n of_o those_o noble_a christian_n who_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o godfrey_n of_o bullen_n descend_v into_o those_o part_n and_o be_v by_o time_n drive_v unto_o hard_a fortune_n betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o mountain_n from_o whence_o they_o can_v never_o be_v expulse_v neither_o by_o the_o saracen_n nor_o yet_o by_o the_o turk_n allow_v they_o be_v liberty_n of_o religion_n and_o no_o other_o tribute_n impose_v upon_o they_o than_o be_v upon_o the_o natural_a subject_n the_o one_o be_v no_o good_a christian_n and_o the_o other_o worse_o mahumetan_n sydon_n be_v once_o no_o less_o famous_a sydon_n now_o contract_v into_o a_o narrow_a compass_n show_v only_o in_o her_o ruin_n the_o foundation_n of_o her_o greatness_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v of_o sundry_a nation_n and_o religion_n as_o the_o tyrian_n yet_o govern_v by_o a_o succession_n of_o prince_n who_o they_o call_v emir_n and_o who_o signiory_n augment_v by_o arm_n and_o tyranny_n stretch_v from_o the_o river_n of_o canis_n to_o the_o foot_n of_o mount_n carmel_n contain_v a_o large_a extent_n of_o ground_n and_o therein_o many_o city_n whereof_o saffet_n be_v the_o principal_a the_o grand_a signior_n do_v much_o envy_v he_o for_o suffer_v the_o florentine_n to_o harbour_v and_o water_n within_o his_o port_n of_o tyrus_n which_o he_o be_v glad_a to_o excuse_v by_o the_o waste_n of_o the_o place_n and_o inability_n of_o resistance_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o he_o be_v a_o strong_a rich_a and_o potent_a lord_n in_o these_o part_n partly_o presume_v upon_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o invincible_a fort_n and_o partly_o upon_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o mountain_n yet_o have_v beside_o in_o continual_a pay_n forty_o thousand_o soldier_n ●ome_v moor_n some_o christian_n and_o if_o the_o worst_a shall_v 〈◊〉_d ●hee_o have_v the_o sea_n at_o hand_n and_o the_o florentine_a to_o friend_n with_o who_o he_o know_v that_o a_o massy_a treasure_n will_v work_v ●o_o small_a effect_n towards_o the_o purchase_n of_o some_o rich_a signiory_n to_o conclude_v he_o be_v too_o strong_a for_o his_o neighbour_n and_o able_a to_o make_v a_o long_a defensive_a war_n against_o the_o turk_n if_o his_o tyranny_n can_v assure_v he_o of_o fidelity_n in_o this_o people_n acon_n or_o ptolomais_n acon_n be_v strong_o fortify_v triangular-wise_a two_o part_n whereof_o lie_n upon_o the_o sea_n the_o three_o towards_o the_o land_n the_o soil_n about_o be_v very_o fruitful_a and_o delicious_a the_o city_n adorn_v with_o a_o beautiful_a hospital_n strong_a and_o well_o bulwark_v once_o belong_v to_o the_o teutonicke_a knight_n it_o have_v also_o a_o very_a fair_a haven_n capacious_a of_o any_o ship_n come_v from_o the_o south_n now_o under_o the_o sanz●ack_n of_o saffet_n and_o usurp_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o province_n by_o the_o foresay_a emir_n of_o sydon_n in_o this_o woeful_a town_n dwell_v not_o above_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o inhabitant_n and_o those_o in_o patch_v up_o ruinous_a house_n beritus_n be_v a_o ancient_a city_n beritus_fw-la once_o a_o episcopal_a see_v now_o famous_a for_o traffic_n and_o merchandise_n as_o the_o mart-towne_n whereunto_o all_o the_o ship_n come_v from_o europe_n do_v arrive_v it_o be_v situate_v most_o safe_o and_o almost_o inexpugnable_a now_o follow_v my_o author_n and_o have_v finish_v this_o tedious_a discourse_n of_o this_o great_a empire_n by_o the_o patience_n of_o my_o reader_n i_o will_v once_o turn_v back_o again_o and_o relate_v the_o original_a the_o manner_n the_o descent_n and_o the_o religion_n of_o this_o warlike_a and_o infidelious_a people_n compose_v partly_o of_o native_n lineal_o descend_v from_o the_o scythian_n and_o tartar_n and_o partly_o of_o apostata_fw-la and_o renegado_n christian_n general_o the_o native_n have_v broad_a visage_n correspondent_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o member_n fair_a and_o tall_a and_o somewhat_o incline_v to_o grossness_n their_o hair_n they_o regard_v not_o save_v only_o that_o of_o their_o beard_n they_o be_v of_o a_o gross_a and_o dull_a capacity_n wayward_a slow_a and_o lazy_a hate_v husbandry_n and_o yet_o above_o all_o people_n in_o the_o world_n covetous_a and_o desirous_a of_o riches_n yea_o sell_v all_o place_n of_o justice_n and_o government_n to_o their_o best_a chapman_n among_o one_o another_o exceed_a courteous_a and_o as_o servile_a towards_o their_o superior_n in_o who_o presence_n they_o keep_v admirable_a silence_n and_o