Bologna is a City of Romandiola in Italy an Archbishop's See erected by Pope Gregory XIII a Bolognese of the Family of BonCompagno who in 1582. brought also the University here into great Fame It has been under the Popes ever since Julius II. who extorted it from the Bentivolio's it is beautiful and a populous City and thought one of the principal Cities of Italy the second at least in the States of the Church 25 Miles from Ferrara towards the South at the Foot of the Apennine Mountains near the little River Reno extraordinarily full of Gentry It was heretofore a Roman Colony till it submitted to the Lombards in the 8th Century And being afterwards a Republick it maintained a War 3 years with the Republick of Venice and another with the Emperor Frederick II. whose Natural Son Euzelin became its Prisoner Honoriuus II. Lucius II. Gregory XIII Innocent IX and Gregory XV. were all born here and Alexander V. died here Lewis the Son of Lotharius deprived this City of its Walls in 844. They chose the Bentivolio's for their Princes in 1308. who were conquer'd by John Galeacio in 1308. Here was a Council held in 1310. In 1529. The Emperor Charles V. was Crown'd in the most Noble Church of S. Petronio here by Pope Clement VII And the Council of Trent was removed hither in 1547. holding their 9th and 10th Sessions under Pope Paul III. It lies in Long. 33. 35. Lat. 44. 15. About 6 Miles in Compass and indifferently well fortified Governed under the Pope by a Legate a Latere with the privilege of keeping an Embassadour for its Service at Rome where it is treated more like a Sister than a Subject The University carries the greatest Name of any now in Europe for the Canon and Civil Laws whence Bononia docet they say to a Proverb The Streets are furnished with arched Galleries for Preservation against Heat in the Nature somewhat of the Rows at Chester The Body of S. Dominique Founder of the Dominican Order lies interr'd in a stately Convent of that Order here The Metropolitan Church of S. Peters is built according to the same Plat with that of S. Peters at Rome An Academy of the Otiosi is erected in this City And for the learned Authors produc'd by the University see the Bibliotheca of Joh. Antonius Bumaldi The adjacent Country has the Name of the Bolognese from hence See Bolognese Boot an Island of Scotland in the Streights betwixt the Isle of Arran and the Province of Argyle Bopart Bopartium Bodobriga a Town in the Archbishoprick of Treves upon the Rhine in Germany betwixt Coblentz and S. Goar Boquerano a litte Island of Asia in the Indian Ocean about 8 Leagues from Borneo Borcholm a Fortress in the Island of Oeland near Gothia in the Baltick Sea not above two Miles from Calmar East in Lat. 56. 50. and Long. 34. 17. Borcholt a small Town upon the River Aa in the Province of Westphalia in Germany under the Bishop of Munster Bordelong Bordelona a Town beyond the Ganges belonging to the Kingdom of Siam It has a Port upon the Gulph of Siam betwixt Lingor and Singora Borgo a Town in the Province of Finland in the Kingdom of Sweden upon the Gulph of Finland betwixt Vibourg and Revel Borgo S. Donnino a City in the Dutchy of Parma in Italy with a Bishops See erected by Pope Clement VIII and placed under the Archbishop of Bologna by Pope Paul V. Heretofore call'd Fidentia and Julia. It s ancient Abbey was destroyed by the Emperor Frederick II. Borgosan Sepulchro Biturgia a City in the States of the Great Duke of Tuscany in Italy with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Florence Some Synodical Constitutions were made here in 1641. Borgo di Sessia a Town properly in the Milanese in Italy but belonging to the States of the Duke of Savoy upon the River Sessia from whence it receives this Name Borgo-Ual-Di-Taro a Town and Fortress in the States of the Duke of Parma in Italy upon the Borders of the States of Genoua Boria Belsinum a City of the Kingdom of Arragon in Spain 11 Miles from Zaragosa to the East Boriquen one of the greatest Leeward Islands upon the Western Coast of America betwixt S. Croix and Porto rico under the Spaniards The Natives of this Island in the beginning believed the Spaniards were Immortal till one Salsedo they saw happened to be drowned in the River of Guarabo Borysthenes See Nieper Bormes Bormanico a Town and Barony in Provence in France betwixt Thoulon and S. Tropes near the Sea Bormia a River within the States of the Republick of Genoua in Italy formed by 2 Rivulets of this Name that rise in Piedmont and unite at Sessana Thence Bormia passes by Acqui receives some other small Rivers and is received itself by the Tanaro near Alexandria della Paglia Bormio the Italian Name for Worms in Germany See Worms § Also a small Town and County in the Country of the Grisons upon the River Adda near the Valteline Borneo one of the greatest Islands in the East-Indies between Sumatra to the West Java to the South Celebes to the East and the Philippine Islands to the North. It is of a round shape and the Line cuts the Southern part of it Reported to be 1800 Miles in Compass and to contain several Kingdoms but the truth is the Eastern parts of this Island were never well discovered by the Europeans yet Borneo the principal City lies on the North-Western Shoar in a Bay It is a rich populous place well Traded built in a low ground not much unlike Venice and has belonging to it a capacious Haven Bornheim a Territory and its Capital Town with a Castle in the Earldom of Flanders being a part of the demeans properly belonging to the said Earldom Bornholm Boringia an Island in the Baltick Sea taken by the Swedes in 1644. from the Danes and afterwards ceded to them in 1658. by the Treaty of Roschill but restored again in consideration of an Equivalent of Royal Demeans in Schonen This Island affords excellent Pasturage and Cattle It lies towards the furthest parts of Bleking and has a goodly Town called Nex and a Castle named Sandhamer Borno a Kingdom a Town a Desart and a Lake in the Division of Nigritia in Africa being the Country of the antient Garamantes The Kingdom stands bounded with Nubia to the East Berdoa and Gaoga to the North Gangara to the West and the Niger to the South Bosa Bosi Bossa an antient City in the Island of Sardinia with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sassari betwixt Oristagni to the South and Sassari to the North. Boscasle a Market-Town in Cornwal in the Hundred of Lesnewth which Elects 2 Members of Parliament Boscobell a Name deservedly given to the Royal Oak which served as an Asylum to King Charles II. for some days after the Battle of Worcester in Sep. 1651. about 4 Miles from VVolverhampton in Staffordshire Bosleduc Boscum Ducis now called
separating themselves from the Arians who in the number of 400 Bishops convocated by Pope Liberius to this Council carried the Majority by a great many came hither to say their Masses Cattay or Catio a Region of Asia supposed by learned Men to be China or some part of it towards the North comprehending the Provinces of Peking Xantung Honan Suchuen Xensi and Xansi whereof Peking is the Capital City Being under the K. of Tartary it is likewise called Tartary de Kan Cattaro Cattara a City in Dalmatia which has been under the Venetians ever since 1420. It is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Bari and is a strong Place well seated on a Hill having a Castle belonging to it and 17 Villages It lies 40 Miles South of Ragusa and 35 North-West of Scutari upon a Bay of the Adriatick Sea call'd Cattaro which takes its name from this Place The Turks have often attempted to take it in Vain Catti an antient People of Hassia and Thuringia in Germany who sometime passing into Holland have left the Names of Catwick Opzee to a Town upon the Sea Coast and Catwick op den Rhein to another upon the Rhine In the Reign of Tiberius the Hermanduri gave them a terrible Defeat wherein they destroy'd both Man and Beast upon a pretence of having Consecrated the Spoils to Mars and Mercury Catzenelbogen Catti Meliboci a Country in the Province of Weteraw in Germany under the Landgrave of Hesse Cassel The antient Catti its Inhabitants have left it this Name In the Year 1548. the Emperor Charles V. adjudged this Country to William Earl of Nassau who made pretensions to it But the Arrest was afterwards cassated by the Treaty of Paslaw Cava a great and populous City and a Bishop's See in the hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples seated partly upon a Hill and partly in a Valley within four Miles of Salerno and about 20 from Naples to the South This Bishop was heretofore a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Salerno but now exempted and is immediately under the Pope which Honor was obtained from Boniface IX in 1394. yet is the Bishop's Jurisdiction limited with the Walls of the City There is also a Abbey in it Cavado Cavadus a River of Portugal which ariseth in Gallicia and watering the City of Braga falls into the Ocean Cavaillon Cabellio Vrbs Cavallicorum a small and ill built City in the County of Venaissin in Provence in France in an Isle made by the River Durance within 4 Leagues of Avignon to the South-East This is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Avignon and under the Dominion of the Pope Cavan a Town and County in the Province of Vlster in Ireland The Duke of Berwick in an Action before this Town against K. William's Forces Feb. 11. 1689. had his Horse shot under him It is not without a strong Fort. Caucasus a Part of the great Mountain of Taurus in Asia towards Georgia beginning about the Mouth of the River Phasis It is very fruitful and well inhabited by Christians for the most part of the Georgian Church Full of Rocks and Precipices and shewing the Ruins of several Castles and Churches Yet covered at the Top with Snow perpetually Cauda a River of Cumberland which running through West-Ward Forrest by Dauston on the West of Carlisle falls into the River Eden Caudebec Calidobeccum a considerable Town in Normandy upon the Northern shoar of the River Seine in the Pais de Caux about 5 Miles West of Rouen 7 from le Haure East much Celebrated for Weaving This is one of the Principal Towns of the Pais de Caux which is bounded by the British Sea to the North and West by Picardy to the East and by the Seine to the South and lies from East to West 25 Leagues The Caudebec Hats come from hence The Caves in Wiltshire between Luckington and great Badminton upon the Edge of the County nine in Number of a Row of several Dimensions the least 4 Foot broad and 9 or 10 Foot long are credibly supposed to be the Tombs of some Heroick Men among the antient Romans Saxons or Danes because Spurs and Pieces of Armour have been digged out of them Cavita de Manilha Manilhanus Sinus a Gulph of the Philippine Islands Cavours a Town 5 Leagues from Pignerol in Piedmont under the French near the River Peles fortified with two Castles It was taken by Lesdiguieres in 1594. and retaken by the Duke of Savoy the Year after Now made a Dependant of Pignerol Caurestan a great Village in the Province of Farsistan in Persia betwixt Lar and the Isle of Ormus Caux or Pais de Caux a District contain'd within the Province of Normandy in France betwixt the Seine and the Sea in which Diepe Haure de Grace Caudebec Aumale S. Vallery c. are comprehended There is also of the same Name with it a Town and a Promontory Cawood a Market-Town in the West-Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Barkston Caxamalca a Country within the Province of Lima in Peru adorn'd heretofore with Divers Royal Palaces of the Inca's of that Kingdom Thirty Leagues from the Pacifick Sea but near the River Vagna It was here that the Noble Atabalipa King of Peru was defeated and taken Prisoner by Francis Pizarro who basely and barbarously afterwards murthered him in 1533. Caxton a Market-Town in Cambridgeshire in the Hundred of Stow. Caxume the Capital City of the Kingdom of Tigremahon in Abyssinia thought to be the same with the Tenesis of Strabo where the Queen of Sheba dwelt that visited Solomon Cayenne an Island under the French in the North Sea upon the Coast of Guyana about 20 Leagues in Circuit 4 Degrees from the Equinoctial Northward and South of the Disembogure of the River Cayenne which glides betwixt the Countries of the Caribes and the Galibes It s principal Commodity is Tobacco The French have built themselves a Fort at Bourg their cheifest Settlement of about 200 Houses and besides they guard the Harbor with Canon Cayernittes some small Islands frequented by the Fishers for Tortoises which here are to be found of the largest Size near the Western shoar of Hispaniola in America Cayphas an antient Town so call'd from Caiphas High Priest of the Jews who formerly re edified it at the Foot of Mount Carmel in the Holy Land upon the shoars of the Mediterranean 2 Leagues by Water from S. Jean d' Acre Since Saladine demolish'd it in 1191. it has never been fortified again and therefore now become a Village inhabited by some Moors Jews and Greeks Cazan See Casan Cazares an antient People who took part with the Hunns and the Avares in their Incursions to ravage the Empire Cea Ceos or Zee Zie and antiently among the Greeks call'd Hydrusca is one of the Cyclades Islands in the Aegean Sea whereof Julide Julis is the Capital City in which Simonides and Bacchylides the two famous Lyrique Poets with the Philosopher Ariston are said to be born
Dukedom of Lunenburgh It stands upon the River Ilmenaw not above two German Miles from the Elb to the South ten from Lubeck seven from Hamburgh to the South-West and twenty from Bremen to the North-East Built by Henry the Lyon in 1190 but the Castle is older than the City an hundred and twenty four years It took this Name from the Moon the Image of which was worshiped here till the Reign of Charles the Great who took that Idolatry away It grew up out of the Ruins of Bardwick a Town within two Miles of the Elb to the South When it was exempted from the Empire I do not find but it is now under the Duke of Lunenburgh and is one of the strongest and best fortified Towns of Germany There was anciently a very famous Monastery in it of the Order of S. Benedict which Christian Lewis Duke of Lunenburgh in the year 1660. turned into a College Near it stands a Mountain called by the Germans Kalckberg which affords excellent Chalk and by it are many Salt Springs that contribute much to its Wealth it has one of the noblest Bridges in Europe over a Navigable River The Houses are magnificent the Inhabitants rich and numerous The Dukes of Lunenburgh are of the House of Brunswick Long. 32. 20. Lat. 53. 34. The Dukedom of Lunenburgh is a part of the Lower Saxony bounded on the North by the Earldom of Pinnenburgh and the Territories of Lubeck and Hamburgh on the West with the Earldom of Hoy and the Dukedoms of Bremen and Ferden on the South with the Dukedom of Brunswick and the Bishoprick of Hildesheim on the East with the Dukedom of Mechlenburgh and the Marquisate of Brandenburgh It is watered by the Elb the Aller the Ilmenaw anciently called Lindaw now commonly Die Awe and the Jetze The principal Cities and Towns are next that which gives its Name Zell Danneberg Harburgh Winsen Gifhorn Borchdorp and Walsrade This Dukedom was first given to one Otho of the House of Bavaria by Frederick II. in 1235. which Family is still extant and divided into several Branches Lure Lurense Monasterium a Monastery dedicated to S. Martin in the Franche Comte upon the River Lougnon at the Foot of Mount Vauge thirteen Leagues from Besanzon to the North. The Abbat of which has a Sovereignty belonging to his House Luri a vast Village in the Isle of Corsica near the Town of S. Florence Lusatia a Province in Germany called by the Germans Lausnitz and by the French Lusace It has been annexed both to Misnia and Bohemia but in the year 1623. it was granted by Frederick II. to the Elector of Saxony and confirmed in the year 1637. Bounded on the East by Silesia on the North by Marchia on the West by the Vppper Saxony and Misnia and on the South by Bohemia It is watered by the Sprew and Neiss and has in it six great Towns or Cities Bauken upon the Sprew Gorlitz upon the Neiss Sittaw Ramitz Luben and Guben Also divided into two parts The Upper which lies towards Bohemia and Misnia and the Lower towards Saxony which latter was granted to John George the First by the Elector of Saxony in the year 1652. The Capital of it is Soraw Lusignan Lusignanum Lucinianum a Town in Poictou with a Castle upon the River Vona five Leagues from Poictiers to the North-West towards Rochel In this place there arose a Family some of which have been Kings of Cyprus and Jerusalem it is also famous for the noble Castle of Melusine Luso or Pluso Aprusa a River of Romandiola in Italy it falls into the Adriatick Sea near Rimini between Ravenna and Pesaro Lusson Luciona Lucionum Luxiona a small City in Poictou in France which is yet a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux Instituted by Pope John XXII in 1317. who at the same time changed its Benedictine Abbey into a Cathedral It stands near a Marsh and has no Walls two Miles from the Sea six from Maillezais to the West twenty four from Poictiers to the West and five from Rochelle to the North. Cardinal Richelieu was once Bishop of this See Lusson Luconia Lussonia the principal of the Philippine Islands frequently called Manile from the principal City in it which is a Bishops See and together with the Island subject to the Spaniards This Island is said to be a thousand Miles in compass It lies between Long. 145. and 150. and 14. and 20. South Lat. Lusuc Luzuck Luzko and Luckolusuc Luceoria a great City of Poland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesna and the Capital of Wolhynia It stands upon the River Ster by a Lake and has a strong Castle in it not above seven Polish Miles from the Confines of Russia to the East twenty five says Baudrand thirty four from Lemburgh to the North-East and eighty five from Kiovia to the West There are more Protestants and Jews than Roman Catholicks in this City as Le Vasseur reports Luton a Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Flitt upon the Borders of Hartfordshire and Buckinghamshire Lutterworth a Market Town in Leicestershire in the Hundred of Goodlaxton upon the River Swift which soon after falls into the Avon in a good Soil and beautified with a large Church whereof the famous John Wicliff was a Parson whose Opinions entertained the Sessions of divers Councils at London Oxford c. besides the General Council of Constance Lutzeilstein a County in Lorain Lutzen Lutza a small Town in Misnia a Province of the Vpper Saxony in Germany where the Swedes won a signal Victory over the Austrian Forces but lost Gustavus Adolphus the bravest Prince they ever had Nov. 16. 1632. This Town stands upon the River Elster two German Miles from Maryburg to the North-East and the same from Leypsick to the West Lutsko or Lutscko the same with Lusuc Luwow the same with Lemburgh Luxemburgh Luxemburgum a very strong City and a Dukedom in the Low Countries The City is the Capital of that Dukedom It is seated upon the River Elza in part on a Hill the rest on a Plain Ptolemy calls it Augusta Romanduorum Guiccardin saith it has a good Situation a great Compass strong Fortifications and convenient Buildings tho by reason of the many Hazards of War it had gone through many of its Houses were not only neglected but deserted by their Owners It has a Convent of the Order of S. Francis Founded in the time of that Saint in which lies buried John King of Bohemia Father of Charles IV. Emperor of Germany slain by the English at the Battel of Cressy in 1346. This City has continually born the first Brunts of the Wars between the French and the Netherlands In 1529. Charles V. took it from Francis I. King of France In 1542. it was taken and sacked by the Duke of Orleans retaken and treated in the same manner in the year following It is at this day in the Hands of the French who since their late
by the Arabs Hamammetha In the Year 394. a Council was held here the Canons whereof are confused amongst the Body of the Canons of the African Church Long. 36. 40. Lat. 32. 40. Majaquana one of the Luccaye Islands belonging to North America between Hispaniola to the South and Samana to the North. Maida a Principality in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples near Nicastro Maidenhead a Market Town in Berkshire in the Hundred of Bray Maidstone Madus Vagniacae is a fair sweet populous Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath upon the River Medway near its head from which it has this name There is a fair Stone Bridge built by the Archbishops of Canterbury over this River Edward VI. Incorporated this Town and granted it a Mayor which was taken from them in Queen Maries time for favouring Wyat's Rebellion in 1554. But Queen Elizabeth restored them to their former State In ancient times their chief Magistrate was called a Portgreve from Grave an old German word still used by the Germans in Markgrave Reingrave and Landtgrave Charles I. added another Honor to this Place when in 1628. he created Elizabeth Finch Grandmother to the late Heneage Finch Earl of Winchelsey late Lord Chancellor of England Viscountess of Maidstone and Countess of Winchelsey with an Entail upon her Heir Males which Honors are now possessed by Heneage Her Grandchild the Second of this Family Heneage late Earl of Nottingham and Lord Chancellor of England was another of Her Posterity This is the Town where the Assizes and Sessions are kept with which honour it has that of the Election of two Members of the House of Commons Maienne See Mayenne Majella Nicates a Mountain in Abruzzo a Province of the Kingdom of Naples near the River Pescara Aternus as Holstenius affirms Maillezais or Mallezais Malleaca Malleacum a small City in Poictou in France seated in a Morass made by the Rivers Seure Niortoise which falls into the Bay of Aquitain and the Hautize The ancient Earls of Poictou and Dukes of Guyenne chose it for their Residence and Founded in it an Abbey about the Year 1030. which by P. John XXII in 1317. was changed into a Bishops See but being little inhabited by reason of the badness of the Air the Bishoprick was suppressed in 1649. and the City of Rochell substituted in its place by Pope Innocent X. It stands nine Leagues from Rochell to the North-East and five from Niore to the South Long. 19. 36. Lat. 46. 21. according to the last Maps Mailly a Seigniory near Amiens in Picardy giving name to an honorable Family of that Province Maina or Maines or Braccio di Maina a City on the South of the Morea supposed to have been the ancient Leuctra or Tenarus in Laconia on the East side of the Gulph of Coron North of Cape Matapan the most South Cape of the Morea The Inhabitants are called the Mainotes and have in this present War contributed very much to the driving the Turks out of the Morea by serving in great numbers under the Venetians against them It is said it was a Common-wealth before but Coronelli in his late description of the Morea assures us it was a Fort built by the Turks upon the Ruins of Cersapolis to keep these Mainotes under who being impatient of the Turkish Slavery and extremely Warlike had betaken themselves to the Rocks and Forests and would pay no Tribute to the Turks thereupon the Turks began to build the Fort of Maina but Querini Captain of the Gulph for the Venetians in 1570. understanding their design Landed and by the help of the Mainotes took this Fort and ruined it entirely by which means the Mainotes were preserved and obliged to the Service of this State Main Amber a noted strong Rock nigh to Mounts Bay in the County of Cornwall mounted upon others of a lesser size with so equal a ponderation that it may be stirred 't is said yet not moved out of its place Maine le Maine Cenomanensis Provincia is a great and fruitful Province in France the old Inhabitants of which were the Cenomani Aulerci its greatest extent is from East to West on the North it is bounded by Normandy on the West by Bretagne This part is called the Lower Maine on the South by Anjou and on the East by Le Perche This the Vpper Maine and of the two the most fruitful and pleasant The Rivers Huisne Sarte and Mayenne water it The Principal City in it is Mans the next Mayenne Charles the second Son of Francis Duke of Guise being made Duke of Maine and after that General of the League against Henry III. and IV. of France made this Province frequently mentioned in the Histories of France of those times The Common Proverb of the People of this Province is Qu' un Manceau vaut un Norman demy One Man of Maine is worth one Norman and the half of another Main Land Pomona the Principal of the Isles of Orkney which is twenty two English Miles long and has a Town called Kirkwall on the Northern Shoar for its Capital its greatest extent is from East to West and its greatest breadth about ten Miles The Mainotes See Maina Maintez Meintez See Mentz Majorca or Mallorca Balearium insulae Palma Majorca an Island in the Mediterranean Sea on the Eastern Coast of Spain over against the Kingdom of Valencia at the distance of about sixty Miles between Minorca to the East and Yvica to the West which three Islands constituted the Kingdom of Majorca so called from this the greatest of them It s Circuit is near one hundred and ten Miles the Principal City is Mallorca Palma or Majorca which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona and a flourishing University in which Raymundus Lullius taught and his tenets are now ex instituto maintained It is great strong and has a Haven belonging to it on the Western shoar of the Island Long. 24. 40. Lat. 40. 00. The Maps place it in Lat. 38. 26. The Inhabitants of this Island were of old famous Archers from whence they were called Baleares at first they went naked being subdued by the Carthaginians Anno Mundi 3500. they became more civilized and served in the Carthaginian Wars against the Romans till together with Spain they fell under that Republick in the Year of Rome 630. 521 Years before the Birth of our Saviour The Moors were their next Masters who crossing out of Africa took Possession of them about the same time they Conquered Spain Raymund Earl of Barcelone by the assistance of the Genouese expelled the Moors in 1102 but the Genouese as if they had repented this good Deed restored them again In 1228. they were finally ex elled by James King of Arragon This Prince in 1230. made James his Son King of Majorca whose Posterity enjoyed this Kingdom till 1341. when James III. the fourth King of Majorca was slain in Battel by Pedro IV. King of Arragon and ever since
against which the Turks spent twenty thousand Cannon Shot and at last took it to their no great advantage In the middle of the Eastern Haven stands the Castle of S. Angelo upon a Rock this and Burgo quelled the fury of the Turks and prevented their Triumph over Malta Though the Inhabitants exceed not twenty thousand yet it is not able to supply them with Necessaries but that the fertil Sicily is so near from which they have much of their Provisions They have some fresh-water Fountains the Rain that falls they reserve in Cisterns and have always three years Provisions beforehand kept under ground The Great Master of the Order of the Knights of Malta at present is Alarame de Vignecourt chosen in Aug. 1690. The City Malta is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Palermo in Sicily and the Residence of the Grand Prior of the Church also now the Capital of the Island which last honour formerly was enjoy'd by Citta Vecchia another Episcopal City in the middle of Malta Several small Islands adjacent the Principal are Gozo Comini and Farfara depend upon the Grand Master as their Soveraign The illustrious Order of the Knights of this place is composed of eight Nations amongst which England was the sixth in rank before the Reformation To each Nation there belongs a Grand Prior The Persons incorporated are divided into three Estates of Knights Ecclesiasticks and Servans des Armes or Esquires all vowing celibacy Some out of both the two first have been known advanced to the Dignity of Cardinals and the Sons of Kings and Princes have adorned the rank of the Knights This Island produces no Wine nor Corn but Cotton Oates and delicious Fruits in Plenty § There is another Island Malta in the Adriatick belonging to Dalmatia and called by the Sclavonians Milet by others Meleda The Miletaeus Catellus a Proverb for a Lap-dog is derived from the little Dogs of this latter place according to Athenaeus Long. 39. 25. Lat. 34. 40. Malvasia Epidaurus an Archiepiscopal City of the Morea on the Eastern Shoar in the Province of Tzaconia near the most South-Eastern Cape called Cape Maleo built upon a Rock which advanced position gives it an agreeable Prospect both by Sea and Land This Rock is surrounded by the Sea on all sides being only joined to the Continent by a Timber Bridge yet has Nature provided it a fresh and clear Fountain of good Water sufficient to serve the City and their Gardens it is approachable only on one side that is on the South which is secured by a triple Wall of great strength In the times of the Greek Idolatry it was famous for a Temple of Esculapius much frequented It was ravished from the Greek Emperors by the Venetians and French about the year 1204. The Emperors recovered it again from William a French Baron to whom it was given by the Latins but he returning to Venice freely resigned his Right to that State whereupon the Venetians sent a powerful Fleet and regained the Possession of it which they kept till the year 1537. when they were forced to surrender it to the Turks to purchase a Peace In the times of the late Wars in Candy the Venetians took this Town by Storm plundered burnt and then left it after they had put most of the Inhabitants to the Sword and carried away the Cannon The Turks rebuilt it General Morosini bombarded it in his way to Athens Sept. 1687. Afterwards it was blockaded then besieged At last it surrendered to General Cornaro Sept. 12. 1690. whereby the whole Morea stands now reduced under the Dominion of the States of Venice They found in it seventy three Pieces of Cannon and above one hundred and thirty Christian Slaves recovered their Liberty Long. 50. 00. Lat. 38. 30. Mamertini an ancient People of the Island Samos in the Icarian Sea said afterwards to establish themselves at Messina in Sicily Whence the Messenii have the Name also of Mamertini and the Sea adjacent of Fretum Mamertinum Mamotta Arabia Foelix Man Eubonia Monaaeda Monapia Monavia Mona an Island in the Irish Sea between Lancashire to the East and Vlster to the West The Welsh call this small place Menow the Inhabitants Maing the English Man It lies in length from North to South thirty Italian Miles its greatest breadth is fifteen It has seventeen Parish Churches brings forth Flax Hemp and Corn in plenty affords more Cattle than they need especially Sheep they have no Fewel but Turff In the middle it swelleth into Hills from the highest of which Sceafull by Name in a clear day may be seen England Scotland and Ireland The chief Town is Russin seated at the South End of the Island which has a Garrisoned Castle it has also a Bishop who is stiled Sodorensis and is now under the Archbishop of York This Island was first possessed by the Britains after them succeeded the Scots about the times of Honorius and Arcadius these were driven out by Cuneda Grandfather of Maglocunus stiled by Gildas the Dragon of the Islands Edwin King of Northumberland Conquered it next for the Saxons about 618. The Danes being driven out of England by Harold they were invited Hither by one Godred Corvan who had been entertained in his flight in the Isle of Man This Dane brought over his Country Men three times successively invaded it before he could master the Inhabitants but then prevailing he became King of Man soon after the time William of Normandy conquered England This Race of Kings continued to 1270. about two hundred years about which time Robert the King of the Scots having succeeded Alexander who had purchased the Hebrides of the King of Denmark made another Conquest of the Isle of Man which was one of the last they gained the Possession of After this sometimes the Scots sometimes the English were Masters of it till in 1340. William Montacute Earl of Salisbury descended from Mary the Daughter of Reginald the last King of Man finally drove out the Scots and in 1393. sold it to William Scrope who being beheaded for Treason Henry IV. granted it to Henry Percy Earl of Northumberland about 1400. He likewise forseiting it this Prince granted it to Sir John Stanley whose Successor in 1486. was by Henry VII created Earl of Darby And in this Family it still is wiâ—h the Title of Lord of Man being possessed by William Earl of Darby the Grandchild of James who in 1651. was beheaded for his Loyalty to Charles II. After which the Rebels by force reduced the Island under them it was restored to this Family in 1660. by Charles II. The Language here spoken is different from that of all His Majesties other Dominions being a mixture of Scotch Irish Danish and English but the Southern part nearer to the Scotch and the Northern to the Irish The first Bishop of Man is said to have been Amphibalus in 360. There are great Chasms in the Succession till 1203. and again from 1396. In 1505. Huamus
Flavia a City of Germany in the Lower Carinthia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Saltzburgh It stands upon the River Lavant or Lavanthal which two Miles Lower falls into the Drave from which it has its Latin Name and it is under the Archbishop of Saltzburgh This City stands seven Miles from Indenburgh and eleven from Clagenfurt to the East toward Marpurg The Bishoprick was instituted by Eberhard Bishop of Saltzburgh in 1221. who reserved to himself and his Successors the Right of Electing Investing and Swearing the Bishops of it Therefore they were not numbred amongst the Bishops of the Empire nor had any Voice or Place in the Diet. S. Angelo Angelopolis a City in the Capitanato which is small but strong five Miles from Manfredonia and four from the Adriatick Sea S. Angelo de Lombardi Fanum S. Angeli Longobardorum Angelopolis a small City in the further Principate and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza from which it stands eight Miles towards Benevento S. Angelo in Vado Fanum S. Angeli in Vado Tiphernum Metaurum a small City in the Dukedom of Vrbino in the States of the Church made a Bishops See in 1635. by Pope Vrban VIII S. Antonin a Town in Rovergne in France situated at the Confluence of the Aveirou and Bonnete and encompassed with high Mountains The Huguenots fortified it in the late Civil Wars But it was taken from them in 1622. S. Aubin Fanum Sancti Albini a Town in Bretagne in France five Leagues from Rennes to the North and as many from the Borders of Normandy to the South upon the River Covesnon Made famous to all Ages by a Victory here obtained by Lewis de Fremoville General for Charles VIII King of France against the Duke of Bretagne and his Confederates in 1488. S. Augustine the most Eastern Cape of Africa § Likewise a Promontory in the Government of Pernambuco in Brasil in South America upon which the Portuguese have built a Fortress once taken by the Hollanders but retaken by the Portuguese In Latin Caput Sancti Augustini § A Town and Port in Florida in North America was formerly called by this name too before the Spaniards took and new-named it S. Matthew S. Bartholomew one of the Charibye Islands in the North Sea in America furnished with a good haven and yielding the Indian Bread in plenty S. Basil an Abbey in the Province of Champagne three Leagues from Reims in France near Verzi in which the Council of Reims of the year 991 or 92. commonly so called was assembled that installed Gerbert in the Archiepiscopal See of Reims who became afterwards Pope by the name of Sylvester II. S. Baume a famous Rock and Town near S. Maximin in Provence upon a Mountain three Leagues high and ten in extent betwixt Aix Marseille and Thoulon This Rock is imagined to be the grotto where S. Mary Magdalen abode many years whence Petrarch in verse and many others of the ingenious have made elaborate Descriptions of it Her body is said to be there yet preserved S. Bennet in the Holme a Village in the County of Norfolk and the Hundred of Tunsted not far from Hickling receiving its name and probably its beginning from an ancient Abbey so called of the Foundation of K Canutus the Dane An Abbey afterwards fortified like a Castle with Walls and Bulwarks by the Monks one of which betrayed it to VVilliam the Conqueror And tho since decayed and empoverished yet the Title of Lord Abbot of S. Bennet is said to remain to this day to the Bishops of Norwich S. Borendon an Island on the West of the Canaries supposed to be unacessible by reason of the Clouds which perpetually obscure its Coast S. Brieu or S. Brieux Briocum Fanum S. Brioci a City in Bretagne in France on its Northern Coast which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours founded or re-established about the year 844. by one of the Dukes of Bretagne in the time of Charles the Bald K. of France The ancient Biducesii mentioned by Ptolemy it is believed dwelt in this place It stands betwixt the Rivers Trieu and Arguenon of which Ptolemy makes also mention in a pleasant fruitful plain at the foot of a Rock well built peopled and fortified and having a good Harbor on the British Sea in half a League of it with divers Religious Houses twenty Miles from Rennes to the North-West There was a Synod held at it in 1233. S. Catherine an Island in the North Sea upon the Coast of the Province of Honduras in New Spain in America twenty Leagues distant from the Continent Formerly under the Spaniards but the English have twice dispossessed them and new named the place the Island of Providence It hath a convenient Port and a Cittadel § Also a Monastery at the foot of the Mountain Horeb or Sinai near the Mountain of S. Catherine which makes a part of Sinai in the Stony Arabia The Repository of the Relicks of a Saint of the same name which are pretended to have been brought by Angels hither from Alexandria in Egypt after the martyrdom of her there The Archbishop of Mount Sinai who acknowledges no Patriarch resides at this Monastery One of the Greek Emperors built it for the use of the Caloyers of the Order of S. Basil and the Ottoman Port savours it with great privileges S. Christopher one of the Caribbe Islands on the Coast of America in North Lat. 17. 25. Seventy five Miles in Circuit by the Natives heretofore called Ay ay and Liamaiga This Island is planted by French and English Desnambuck for the French and Sir Thomas Warner for the English taking Possession of it the same day in 1625. by mutual agreement of the two Nations In 1629. Don Frederick de Toledo had Orders from the Spaniards to force the English and French out of it with a Navy of twenty four great Ships The French retired for a time but the English eluded this Storm by an Accommodation and the French returning soon after resetled here The English being constantly and plentifully supplied from London are in the better Condition The French were a long time too much neglected by their Countrymen which contributed very much to the forcing them then to submit to the hard usage of the Spaniards The English are more in number than the French The French to Counterbalance this have four Forts and the English but two One of which commands the great Haven the other a Descent not far from Pointe de Sable and to prevent differences between the two Nations each of them have a Guard upon the Frontiers of their Divisions which is renewed every day It is one of the most delightful Islands in the World swelling in the midst into high Mountains which afford upon the Descents several Stages planted one above the other the higher Plantations enjoying the pleasure of the prospect of the lower All made more lovely by rows of Trees always Green and fair Houses
County of Vallesia S. Neots or S. Needs a Market Town in the County of Huntingd. in the Hundred of Toseland Deriving its Name from a learned Monk of Glastenbury called Neotus whose Body being translated hither from S. Neots or Neotstoke in Cornwall the Palace of Earl Elfride in this Town was in honour thereof converted into a Monastery S. Nicolas Fanum Sancti Nicolai a pleasant Town upon the Meurte in Lorain two Leagues above Nancy to the South much addicted to the Honour of S. Nicolas Bishop of Myra whose Reliques it reserves § There is another Town of the same Name in Flanders three Miles from Antwerp toward Gant from which it stands five Miles S. Nicolas a City of Moscovy upon the White Sea on the Western Shoar of the River Dwina over against Archangel from which it stands ten German Miles to the North-West A Place of so considerable a Trade that the White Sea is from it frequently called the Bay of S. Nicolas into which the Dwina falls S. Omers Audomarensis Vrbs a City in Artois heretofore called the Abbey of Sithieu upon the River Aa which beneath Gravelin falls into the British Sea eight Miles from Bologne to the East three from Arras to the North six from Dunkirk to the South-East and five from Gravelin to the East It has this Name from Audomarus a holy Bishop who died here in 695. Made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cambray in 1559. in the stead of Terouanne a ruined City which stands three Miles from it to the North. Fulco Abbot of S. Bartin began to wall it about the year 880. Baldwin II. Earl of Flanders perfected that Work in 902 There was a Council held here in 1099 under Robert Earl of Flanders and another in 1583. About 1595 Philip II. King of Spain sounded here a College for English Jesuits to which he gave a good Annuity That House has since purchased Watton Cloister a pleasant Place belonging before to the Benedictines two Leagues from S. Omers which is worth five hundred pounds a year In 1639 the French besieged this Place without any good success But in 1677 the Spanish Forces being much weakened after the Battel of Cassel they took it and by the Treaty of Nimeguen in 1678 it was yielded to them Long. 23. 22. Lat. 50. 47. It is a handsome large City strongly sortified near a great Lake with the River and a Marsh on one side of it and a Castle and Fosses on the other S. Palais Fanum S. Palatii the capital Town of the Lower Navarre under the French situated upon the River Bidoussâ— near Grammont S. Papoul Fanum Papuli a small City in Languedoc which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tolouse by the Institution of Pope John XXII who changed its antient Monastery that had been sounded about the end of the eighteenth Contury into a Cathedral in the year 1317. Five Leagues from Carcassone to the South-West and nine from Tolouse S. Paul de Leon. See Leon or Leondoul S. Paul de Trois Chasteaux Augusta Tricastinorum Sancti Pauli Tricastinorum Civitas an ancient City ascribed by Pliny to Gallia Narbonensis now in the Dauphine and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Arles but formerly of Vienne It is a flourishing Town built upon an advanced Cliff one Mile from the Rhosne four from Montelimart to the South and from Oranges to the North. The Huguenots had the possession of it near fifty years in the last Age till 1599. It is the Capital of the Territory called Tricastin which preserves the name of the antient People Tricastini mentioned by Ptolemy S. Pierre le Moutier Monasterium Sancti Petri a Town in the Province of Nivernois in which the Law-Courts of that Province are fixed It stands between Nevers to the North and Moulins to the South seven Leagues from either S. Pons de Tomiers Tomeria or Pontiopolis Sancti Pontii Tomeriarum Vrbs a City of Languedoc which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Narbonne from whence it stands eight Leagues to the North and a little more from Alby to the North-West It is a small City seated amongst the Mountains not much peopled and honored with this Bishops See by Pope John XXII in 1318 who at the same time changed its Benedictine Abbey that had been founded in the year 936. by Raymond sirnamed Pons Pontius Earl of Tolouse into a Cathedral The Bishop is Lord of the Place S. Quintin Augusta Nova Veromanduorum Quinctinopolis Samarobrina Quintini Fanum a City of Picardy upon the River Somme or rather between it and the Oyse which sprung out of a Roman Town called Augusta Nova c. two Miles from this Place It stands six Leagues from Peronne to the North-East and seven from Cambray to the South Taken by the Spaniards in 1557 after a great Defeat of the French Forces upon S. Quintin's day Aug. 10 and restored by the Treaty of Cambray in 1559. The French sometimes write it S. Quentin It is the Capital of the County of Vermandois in Picardy hath been honoured with the Sessions of French Synods in the yeares 1235. 1237. and 1271. and now contains divers Monasteries and Churches besides a Collegiate Church S. Semi a small Town in Provence four Leagues from Arles adorned with a Collegiate Church of the Foundation of Pope John XXII about the year 1330. It s antient Name was Glanum There are Urns Medals and Inscriptions frequently discovered here which prove its Antiquity And near it a triumphal Arch with a stately Mausoleum illustrated with Trophies is observed with admiration S. Semo Fanum S. Remuli or Remigii a Sea-Town upon the Coasts of Genoua in Italy in a fruitful Country for Oranges Citrons and Olives Santa Saba so called by the Italians or the Province of Arcegovina lies between Dalmatia Bossinia and the Quarter of Montenegro seventy Miles long thirty broad inhabited by about fifty thousand Families of which the Turks make not the tenth part Castlenovo stands in this Province The Inhabitants were very forward to put themselves under the Protection of the Venetians in 1688. S. Salvador Soteropolis the Capital City of the Kingdom of Congo in Africa seated one hundred and forty Miles to the East from the Ocean and sixty from the River Zaire to the South The Inhabitants call it Banza but the devout Portuguese gave it this Name S. Salvador Soteropolis a City in South America which is the Capital of Brasil an Archbishops See the Seat of the Vice-Roy and of the Courts of Justice for that Kingdom It stands on the Eastern Shoar of Brasil has a capacious Harbor on the Ocean strongly fortified and defended by three Forts yet the Hollanders took this City in 1624. The year following the Portuguese recovered it and are at this day in the Possession of it The Archbishops See was erected in 1676 by Pope Innocent XI San Salvaâ—oâ— a â—â—â—ll City in North America in the Province of Guaâ—iâ—â—ala called by the Natives Cuzcatlan
The Poles after many other fruitless attempts recovered it again under Sigismund III. in 1611. after a Siege of two years The Russ besieged it in 1616. and in 1633. to their great loss Being the last time after a years besieging of it defeated by Vladislaus IV. King of Poland who obtained from the Pope the settlement of a Bishops See in it In 1654. it was taken by them October 13. under whom it now is and by a Treaty in 1656. yielded to the Russ It lies one hundred and fifty Polish Miles from Vilna to the East and the same distance from Kiovia to the North. Smyrna a City of Ionia in the Lesser Asia of great Antiquity as laying claim to the Birth of Homer The Turks call it Ismyrna It is an Archbishops See great rich and populous the Seat of a Turkish Sangiack built partly on an Hill partly in a Plain in the form of an Amphiatheâ—re upon the River Mele having a large and secure Haven upon a Gulph of the Archipelago to which it gives name very much frequented by the English and Dutch Merchants to whom alone the present Greatness and Wealth of it is owing The ancient Greeks and Persians went often to War about it Taken by the Venetians in 1344. from the Turks and not retaken till 1428. This was one of the Seven Churches mentioned in the Revelations and almost the only one that is in a tolerable condition See Mr. Wheeler's Travels pag. 240. Long. 55. 30. Lat. 39. 28. An Earthquake and a Fire conspired the same day to do mischief to this City June 13. 1688. They reckon in it besides the Northern Merchants about sixteen thousand Turks fifteen thousand Greeks eight thousand Armenians six or seven thousand Jews The Turks have fifteen Mosques for their Religion the Jews seven Synagogues the Latin Christians three Churches the Greeks two and the Armenians one There is a Convent of French Capuchines with some French Jesuits and Italian Cordelieres Each foreign Nation keeps a Consul here for Commerce which consists in Persian Silks Turkey Leather Camelets Tapistry c. Some curious Ruins of its ancient Magnificent Buildings are yet extant of which and of its Noble Statues many have been thence transported by the English It was heretofore much greater than now The Summer Season would be insupportably hot but for a refreshing Air from the Sea which rises ordinarily about ten in the Morning and blows till Night Provisions are cheap in it The Turks govern it not by a Bassa but a Cady a Civil Officer who uses the Christians obligir gly Snath a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Osgodcross adjoined by the Tract of Marshland Snetham or Snetsham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk and the Hundred of Smethden seated upon a Rivulet not far from the Sea Soana Suana a small City in the Territory of Siena which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Siena It stands upon a very high Hill near the River La Flore in the Borders of the States of the Chürch forty eight Miles from Siena to the North-East In a declining State and wasted almost to a Village Long. 34. 46. Lat. 42. 11. Pope Gregory VII was born here In 1626. a Synod was held here also Sobrarbe a Tract in Arragon towards the Pyrenean Hills and Catalonia Honoured formerly with the Title of a Kingdom Soconusco a Province in New Spain in South America lying along the Pacifick Ocean Soczow See Suchzow Sodom the Capital of the five miserable Cities of the Plain in Palestine called in one name Pentapolis whose destruction by Fire from Heaven according to the History of the Old Testament Gen. 19 or by an Earthquake vomiting forth a Lake of Subterraneous Sulphur and Brimstone according to Strabo who advances the number of these Cities to thirteen became a Proverb to the World Sodore Sodera an ancient decayed City in the Island of Cholmkill on the West of Scotland and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Glasco in which place there are interred forty eight Kings of Scotland four Kings of Ireland and eight Kings of Norway The Abbey here was built by S. Columbus the Great Apostle of the Northern Nations and from this place the Bishop of the Isle of Man is stiled Sodorensis in Latin Soest Susatum a City in the Circle of Westphalia in Germany in the County of Mark called by the French Soust Once an Imperial Free City but now subject to the Elector of Brandenburg as Earl of Mark Taken by the French in 1673. and afterwards deserted This City in more ancient times was granted by Frederick I. to the Archbishop of Cologne but being too much oppressed by them it put it self under the Protection of the Counts of Mark and this in time turned to a Sovereignty but it has some remains of its ancient Liberty It stands seven German Miles from Paderborne West and Munster South and four from Ham to the East Sofala Zofala a Kingdom in the Lower Aethiopia in Africa in the Country of Cafraria towards the Ethiopick Ocean in an Island in the Mouth of the River Zambez in the Borders of Zanguebaria which takes its name from Sofala a strong City under the Portuguese one hundred and fifty Miles from Zanguebar and three hundred and forty from Mosambique Fifty Miles West of this City there are rich Mines of Gold called the Mines of Manica from which the Portuguese raise a vast Revenue Some have therefore believed Sophala to be the Ophir of King Solomon confirming their conjecture by the Septuagint's Translation of Ophir into 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which by an ordinary change of r into l makes Zopheila or Sofala together with this that the people of Sofala pretend to prove from their own Books that the Jews in Solomon's time voyaged to those Coasts from three year to three year to buy Gold and the Country shews several Buildings and ancient Inscriptions in unknown Characters which must be understood to be the Works of Strangers See Ophir The Portuguese call the King of Monomotapa the Emperour of Gold from these and other Mines in his Dominions For Sofala is contained in Monomotapa Sofia Sophia the Capital City of Bulgaria called by the Turks Triadizza which is an Archbishops See anciently called Sardica seated upon the River Boiana at an equal distance from the Borders of Thrace East Servia West and Macedonia South being now a great populous City and the Seat of the Turkish Governour but it has no Walls nor other Fortifications Hoffman calls the River Ciabrum In this place was the greatest General Council of the Ancients held that ever met in 347. In which the Nicene Council by the Arts of Constantius was condemned It stands three hundred Miles from Constantinople to the West one hundred from Thessalonica to the North and two hundred and fifty from Belgrade to the South in the Road to Constantinople Long. 51. 00. Lat. 42. 43. Sogdiana a large
Also a Mountain in the Confines of the Greater Armenia at the foot whereof arises the River Euphrates § A Town in Phocis in Greece which gave the Surname Abaeus to Apollo who had a Temple there Being burnt by Xerxes the Inhabitants retired into the Isle of Negropont formerly Euboea from them at that time called Abantis Abacares a People in the South of America upon the River Madera Abahius Abahuis and Abanhi different Names of the River Nile Abaimbe Abaibe Abibe Abaibae a Ridge of Mountains in Peru in the Province of Carthagene near the Gulf of Vraba Abanbo a River of Ethiopia it falls into the Nile a little above Meroë it is supposed to be Ptolomy's Astapus Abancay a River rising in the Mountains of Andes in Peru and after having washed a Town of the same Name with it self falling into the River Maragnon in the Province of Lima. Abano in Latin Aponus a Village in the Territories of Padua supposed by some to be the Birth-Place of Titus Livius antiently famous for its Baths Abantes the Inhabitants of Aba See Aba Abanwiwar a County of the Upper Hungary upon the Tibiscus the Capital of which is Caschaw it is called by the Germans Abaviwar Abara or Abaraner a City upon the River Alingeac in Armenia Major The Arch-Bishop of Nassivan frequently makes it his place of Residence Abaraus and Aboraas a Town in Guinea upon the River Volta about twenty five Leagues from the Sea Abarim a Ridge of Mountains in the Rocky Arabia of which Mount Nebo and Mount Pisgah mention'd in Scripture are parts Abarimon a Country in Scythia at the foot of the Mountain Imaus Abasses or Abcasses a People of Mount Caucasus bordering on Mengrelia well-shap'd and vigorous They cherish Customs much differing from the People of other Countries Abbefort a Town in Norwey with a good Port in the Government of Aggerhuys about 20 Leagues from Anslo and 25 or 30 from Stafanger Abbeville a City of the County of Ponthieu in Picardy upon the River Somme it is well fortified large and beautiful and lies 34 Leagues from Paris to the North. It belonged heretofore to the Abby of S. Riquer and from thence had its Name Abdera an antient City of Thrace famous among other things for the Madness of the Inhabitants Of latter days it was call'd Clazomenae then Polystile or Astrizze and at this time Asperosa Abensperg a little Town of Bavaria three German Miles from Ratisbon and one from the Danube It gave Birth and Surname to Joannes Aventinus a Learned Historian who wrote Annals of his Country from the Flood to 1460. in Ten Books Aberconwey in Latin Conovium a Town in the County of Carnarvon in Wales seated on the River Conwey and the Irish Sea Aberdeen in Latin Aberdenia and Devana a City of Scotland built upon the River Don fifty Miles distant from S. Andrews to the North-East Here is an Episcopal Chair brought thither in 1100. and an University founded in 1480. The Site thereof is of late times removed nearer the River Dee It was yielded to the English without constraint in 1651. Long. 18. 12. Lat. 57. 15. Aberfraw Gadiva a Town in the Isle of Anglesey the Royal Seat of eleven Kings of North-Wales whereof Amarawd the first began his Reign there A. C. 877. and Llewellin the last of all the Brittish Kings was slain in Battel Ann. Chr. 1282. Long. 15. 20. Lat. 53. 10. Abergavenny in Latin Gobannium a Town in the County of Monmouth in Wales It belonged to the Silures when the Romans conquered them it is fortified with a Wall and Castle and seated where the Vske and Gevenny meet It was erected into a Barony which in 1685. was possessed by George Nevil Lord Abergavenny first Baron of England Abernethy a Town on the River Tay in Strathern in Scotland anciently the Seat of the Kings of the Picts and since a Bishops Sea is now removed to S. Andrews where we shall speak further of it Abia and Abiamu a great River in Zagathay coming into the Caspian-Sea on the East side the Oxus of the Antients The former Name denoting the upper part and the latter the lower part thereof Abilene a Territory of Judaea so named from Abila the chief Town thereof the Tetrarchate of Lysanias mentioned Luke iii. 1. Abington a Corporation in Barkshire on the Thames between Oxford and Wallingford garison'd for the Parliament against Charles the First in 1644. which proved a great Inconvenience to that Prince It stands about 5 Miles South of Oxford The Right Honorable James Bertie was created Earl of this place November 30. 1682. by Charles II. Abissinia see Aethiopia Abiz Jatrus Ischar a small River of Bulgaria which falls into the Danube a little below Nicopolis Ablon a little Town with a Castle about 3 Leagues from Paris where the Protestants were for some time allow'd the Exercise of their Religion till they had a Church at Charenton Abo the Capital City of Finland under the Arch-Bishop of Vpsal upon the River Aviaroki in South Finland near the Shoars of the Baltick Sea 25 German Miles from Revel to the North-West and 31 from Stockholme to the North-East Longit. 45. Latit 63. This City was well nigh burnt to the ground in 1678. Abocharana a Town in Arabia the Happy situate on a high Mountain the Passage to which is for seven Miles so strait that not above two Men can go abrest Here the Grand Seignior keeps his Treasure Aboras or Chaborras a River in Mesopotamia sometimes call'd Giulap Aborigines were the most antient People of Latium the Seat of the first Original Romans they are mentioned by Tacitus Annal. 11. as one of the first Nations in Italy which received Letters from Evander the Arcadian They are supposed to have been the first People which entred Italy after the Flood The Word is generally used to signifie the first Inhabitants of any Country of whose Original no account can be given Aboy a Market Town in East Meath in the Kingdom of Ireland Abrener a City of Armenia the Greater See Abara Abreoios otherwise Baxos de Babueca certain Rocks near the Island of Hispaniola so called by the Spaniards because of the great danger of them their Name signifying Open your Eyes Abrolhos a litte Isle with a Ridge of Rocks near the Shore of Brasil for the same reason thus call'd by the Portuguese as those aforenam'd by the Spaniards Abruckbanya Aurariarum a Town in Transylvania Abruzzo called by the Romans Aprutium is a Province of the Kingdom of Naples it is bounded on the East with Apulia now Puglia on the West with Marca Anconitana on the North with the Adriatick Sea and on the South with the Apennine it was anciently the Seat of the Piceni and the Samnites which latter People by their Valor put the conquering Romans to the last refuge of chusing a Dictator four times and afforded them the Honor of XXX Triumphs Their last was in 481. year of Rome 270 years before our
Lorrain upon the Frontiers of Germany Bitetto a City in the Province of Bari in the Kingdom of Naples with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Bari It is but small and indifferently Peopled Betwixt Bari and Bitonto Bithynia a celebrated Province of Asia Minor where stood the famous Cities of Nice and Chalcedon Heraclea and Apamea c. Heretofore a Kingdom which ended in the Person of Nicomedes IV. when dying without Issue he nominated the Romans his Heirs in the Year 679. that is 75 years before the Birth of our Saviour It lies towards the Euxine Sea and the Archipelago And now call'd Chintale Bito one of the Kingdoms of Nigritia in Africa separated from the Kingdom of Benin by the Mountains with a capital City of the same name Bitonto Butuntum a City of the Territory di Bari in Apulia in Italy which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari 5 miles from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea towards the South and 8 from Bari to the West it lies in a very fruitful Plain in pretty good esteem and indifferently well Peopled Also adorn'd with the Title of a Marquisate Bitsin Bitisinum a Town in Silesia where Sigismund King of Poland besieged and took Maximilian Arch-Duke of Austria his Competitor in the Kingdom of Poland Prisoner in the Year 1578. and after upon the Intercession of Rodolphus II. and his renouncing of his pretence to Poland released him Bivar a Town of Hungary upon the Save Bivoras Salsum a River of Andalusia Bizano a Kingdom of Ethiopia divided from the Kingdom of Gojame in the same Region by the River Nile Blackburn a Market-Town in Lancashire near the River Derwent the capital of its Hundred Black Sea See Euxine Sea Blandiac a Town in the Diocese of Vsez in the Province of Languedoc in France Blanford a Market-Town in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Pimpern upon the River Stower Blankeberghe a Town and Port with a Castle in Flanders 2 Leagues from Bruges and thereabouts from Ostend Blanmont or Blamont Blamontium a Town in the Dukedom of Lorain upon the River Voiziere giving the Title of an Earl Formerly Fortifi'd At present in a low condition Blansac a Town in the Province of Angoumois in France upon the River Nai situated in a fruitful Soil betwixt Valette Bonteville and Angouleme Blavet a River of Bretagne in France giving Name to the Town Blavet see Porto Loüis and passing Pontivi and Hennebont falling into the Ocean at Porto Louis Blaye Blavium Blavutum a well fortified Town of great importance in the Province of Guyenne in France upon the River Gironde 6 Leagues from Bourdeaux The Gironde is a name they give the Garonne after its reception of the Dordogne Since the year 1475. by the order of Lewis XI the Foreign Vessels going up to Bourdeaux use to leave their Artillery here In the Civil Wars of France This Town was first taken by the Huguenots then by the Leaguers who held it out against a Siege in 1593. tho the Spanish Fleet coming to their assistance was defeated by the Marshal de Matignon Bleking a Province in Sweden yielded to them by the Danes in 1658. at the Treaty of Roskill It lies upon the Baltick Sea and was heretofore remark'd with the Title of a Dukedom Blemyes Blemiae an antient People of Aethiopia reduced under the Roman Empire in the time of the Emperour Marcian Fabulously reported to have their Eyes in their Breasts from nothing but an ill custom of holding down their Heads too low Blene a fruitful Country in the antient Kingdom of Pontus in Asia Minor watered by the River Amnias Mithridates King of Pontus defeated Nicomedes King of Bethynia here who thereupon retired into Italy Bletterans a Town in Franche Comtè upon the Borders of the Dutchy of Burgundy and the River Seile about 9 Leagues from Dole and Chalon Heretofore Fortifi'd now without Walls Bliburg or Blithborough a small Town in the County of Suffolk upon the South side of the River Blithe which a little farther falls into Southwold Bay In this Town Anna a Christian King of the East-Angles lies buried who was slain by Penda King of Mercia in a set Battle together with Ferminus his eldest Son in the year 654. Henry I. King of England founded afterwards a Priory of Black Canons But that being demolished the Town fell to ruin and is now a very small Place Blith a Market-Town in the County of Nottingham in the Hundred of Bassetlaw Blois Blesae a Town in France and Capital of a County call'd Le Blois it is well built and populous upon the Loire which is here passable by a Bridge of Stone it has also a Castle lately repair'd by Gaston Duke of Orleans The Kings of France have frequently retired hither to enjoy themselves by reason of the pleasantness of the situation of it and the Magnificence and Elegance of the Buildings Lewis XII was born here in the Year 1461. Ann his Queen died here in 1514. also Claude the Queen of Francis I. in 1524. and Catharine de Medices the Relict of Henry II. in 1589. Here was also that famous Assembly of the States of France in which by the order of Henry III. Henry Duke of Guise was Assassined together with the Cardinal his Brother which caused the Murdering of that Prince soon after by James Clement a Dominican Fryar in revenge of it This place lies between Tours and Orleans The County de le Blois is bounded on the East by the Dukedom of Orleans on the West by Tours on the South by Berry and on the North by Beausse Blonicz Blonicum a City or very great Town of the Kingdom of Poland in the Confines of the Province of Mazowski 7 Polish Miles from Warsaw towards the West built all of Timber Bobio Bobi Bobium a City in the Dutchy of Milan in Italy with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Genoua It takes its situation upon the River Trabia and its Original from an Abby founded here in former times by S. Columbanus Bocchara a River of Bactria Bochir Canopus a City of Egypt upon the Western Branch of the Nile where Claudian the Poet was born 25 Miles East of Alexandria Bochar or Buchar Bochora and Buchara an antient and a stately City of Asia in the Province of Mawaralnahra call'd by the Romans Trans Oxiana Regio a days Journey beyond the River Oxus this City was the Birth-place of Avicenna the famous Arabian Physician and Philosopher who flourish'd in Spain in the X. Century He is said to have been the first that settled the true method of Physick by the many Books published by him he was born in 992. and died in 1050. Bodegrave a Town in Holland upon the Rhine 3 Leagues from Vtrecht Made remarkable by a Battle here fought betwixt the French and Dutch in the Year 1672. Bodmin Voliba or Voluba a Market-Town in Cornwal in the Hundred of Trigg which returns Two Burgesses to the Parliament It
by the French Bolduc and by the Flandrians S. Shertogenbosch a City in the Dukedom of Brabant which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mechlen seated upon the River Disa Dios which a little farther to the North falls into the Maze It is a large new City environed with Rivers and Marshes very well fortified and only one League from the Maze taken by the Dutch in 1629. who are still possessed of it Geofry Duke of Brabant made a Town of it out of a Wood in the year expressed in this Chronogram GodefrIdVs dVX e sILVa feCIt oppIdVM The See was founded by Pope Paul IV. in 1559. And the Country called the Mayorality of Bosleduc containing above 100 Villages has this City for its Capital Bosnia called by the French Bossen by the Germans Wossen is a Province of Europe bounded on the North by Sclavonia on the West by Croatia on the East by Servia and on the South by Dalmatia it takes its name from the River Bosna which riseth in Servia thence entering Bosnia waters Bosna-Sarai and falls into the Save It had Kings of its own from 1357. till 1465. having been before a part of the Kingdom of Hungary The Turks under Mahomet II. Conquered it in 1465. and are still possessed of a great part of it The same Mahomet caused Stephen the last King of Bosnia to be flea'd alive Bosphorus Cimmerius that famous Streight or passage at which the Euxine Sea communicates with the Paulus Maeotis or the Sea of Tana They now call it the Streights of Caffa and Kerci from two Towns in the Peninsula of Taurica Chersonesus which are situated upon the Banks of it Heretofore there was a Town called Bosphorus in those parts which gave Name both to the Streights and to the antient People the Bosphori mentioned by Pliny Strabo c. It afterwards changed its name to Panticapaeum which some believe to be the same with the modern Vospero a late Bishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople § Bosphorus Thracius otherwise known by the Name of the Canal of the Black Sea and the Streights of Constantinople is so narrow a passage betwixt Thrace and Asia Minor that in some Streets at Constantinople they can hear the Cocks crowing upon the Shoars of Asia Upon this Bosphorus stands Gallipoli the Dardanells and the Seven Towers where Prisoners of State are secured It is now called Bogazin Bosra or Bostra See Bussereth § Strabo speaks of another Bosra in Phaenicia Bossu a Town in Hainault near Valencienne dignified with the Title of an Earldom Boston a Corporation in Lincolnshire seated on both sides of the River Witham which is covered by a Timber Bridge the Town stands within 3 Miles of the Sea and has a very convenient Haven which in Mr. Camden's time was well Traded it sends 2 Burgesses to the Parliament § Also a place in New-England of the same name well built and peopled It is indeed the Capital Town of that Plantation Bosworth an antient Market-Town in Leicestershire upon the River Sence which a little farther falls into the Anker at Atherston Near this place Henry Earl of Richmond Aug. 22. 1485. overthrew in Battle Richard III. and put an end to those long and bloody Wars between the Houses of Lancaster and York And March 12. 1686. King James II. did this Town the honor to constitute Mr. James Fitz-James his Natural Son amongst many other great Honors Baron of Bosworth Bothnia a Province of Sweden upon the Baltick Sea which gives Name to the Botner Sea or that Branch of the Baltick which lies most West between which and Lapland this Province lies Torn is its Capital City Bova a City in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Reggio near the Ocean betwixt the Cape de Spartivento and Reggio Bouchain Bochonium Buceinium a small but strong Town well fortified in the Province of Hainault in the Low-Countries upon the River Escaut betwixt Valenciennes and Cambray It is the Capital of the County of Ostervand which formerly belong'd mmediately to the eldest Sons of the Earls of Hainault Taken by the French in 1676. and ever since by them retained Boufflers a Territory contained in the Diocese of Amiens in Picardy in France upon the River Authie Remarkable for giving Name to an Ancient and Eminent Family in that Province Bouhin an Island of France between the Coasts of the Provinces of Poictou and Bretaigne below the Mouth of the Loyre § Also a Town in the County of Foretz in the same Kingdom near the River Lignon which is one of the best Places in Foretz Bovines Boviniacum a small Town upon the River Maze in the County of Namur made famous by a bloody Battle given here by Philip the August King of France to Ferdinand Earl of Flanders who was here taken Prisoner in the Year 1214 Whereupon Philip founded the Abbey of our Lady de la Victoire near Senlis in Commemoration of his Victory This Town lies 4 Leagues from Namur to the South Bovino Bovinum is a small City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Capitanata which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento it stands at the foot of the Apennine near the River Cervaro six Leagues from Troja to the South and twelve from Ariano to the South-East Bouillon Bullonium a small Town and Castle in the Bishoprick of Liege four Leagues from Masiers to the North and ten from Namur The Capital of an ancient Dukedom which lies between the Dukedom of Luxemburg to the West and Champagne to the South This Dukedom was mortgaged to Otbâ—rt Bishop of Liege in 1096 by Godfery then Duke of it after the famous King of Jerusalem and ever since the Bishops of this Diocese have claim'd a Right to it But by the Treaty of Nimeguen in 1679 it was agreed that the Dukes of Bovillon who are in possession of it should peaceably enjoy the same all Differences being referred to honorary Arbitrators and that the Bishops should in the mean time use no Force against the said Dukes and so it remains to this day in their Possession Boulogne See Bologne Bolognese and Bononia Bourbone Borbonium a small City of France the Capital of the Dukedom of Bourbone bounded on the North with the Province of Niverne on the East by the Dukedom of Burgundy on the West with the Province of Berry and Marche and on the South with Auvergne The River Allier Ellaver cuts this Dukedom into two Parts and it lies in length from the North-East to the South-West twenty eight Leagues between the Rivers of Loire and Cher. Robert the fourth Son of Lewis the Ninth King of France had this Dutchy in Marriage with Agnes of Bourbone whose descendent after 300 years in the Person of Henry IV. came to the Crown of France in 1590 and his Grandchild Lewis XIV now enjoys that Throne The principal City call'd Bourbonne l' Archambault lies 4 Leagues from Moulins 56
Brunsberg § Brandenburg Island or the Island of Vulcan Insula Vulcani so called because it sometimes burns and vomits Fire like Aetna is an Island in the Indian Ocean towards the Eastern Coast of New-Guiney Brandon a Market-Town in the County of Suffolk upon the lesser Ouse 5 Miles West of Thetford and ten North of Bury Charles Gorard Earl of Macclesfield in Cheshire was created Viscount of this Place July 23. 1679. by Charles II. Brantosme Brantosma an Abbey and Town in the County of Perigord in France upon the River Droune which there receives the Colle Supposed to be founded by Charles M. Braskow Brascovia a City and Bishops See in the Province of VValachia in the Kingdom of Hungary towards the Frontiers of Moldavia and Transilvania Brasil Brasilia is a vast Country of the Southern America bounded on the East with the Atlantick Ocean on the West with some undiscovered Countries lying between it and the Andes on the North with Guiana and on the South with Paraguay It reaches from 29. to 39 Deg. of Southern Latitude and it is 500 Miles in Breadth under the Dominion of the Portugueses ever since the Year 1503. though the Spaniards claim it Brassaw a Town in the Province of Lithuania in the Kingdom of Poland with a good Castle It stands below the River Wilna towards the Frontiers of Curland and Livonia It is the Capital of a Palatinate Brassaw the same with Cronstat Brava a City upon the Coast of Ajan in Africa well built and fortified Govern'd by the Laws of 12 Xeques or Princes in the Nature of a Republick being the only Government of that sort in this Quarter of the World The Xeques are elected out of the Descendents of the 9 Brothers who fled hither out of Arabia Felix from the Persecution of the King of Lacah Bray sur Seine a small Town in the Province of Champagne in France betwixt Nogent and Montereau fant-Yonne remark'd with the Title of a Dukedom § Bray sur Somme a Town in Picardy in France betwixt Perone and Amiens Bought of the Chatelain of Ponthieu by Philip the August in 1210. Brayne a Town in Champagne in France upon the River Vesle betwixt Soisons and Fisines Some pretend it is the Bibrax of Cesar Brazza Labraza or Baac Brattia is an Island of the Adriatick Sea upon the Coast of Dalmatia under the Venetians It is near the Island of Lesina and takes its Name from a Town that stands in it Brechin a City in the County of Angus in Scotland adorn'd with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Andrews About 5 or 6 Leagues from the Ocean In Latin called Brechinium § Also a Town and Fortress in the Kingdom of Bohemia in Germany upon the River Laucntz near Tabor Brecknock Brechinia is one of the twelve Shires in the Principality of Wales On the East it is bounded with Herefordshire on the South with Monmouth and Glamorganshire on the West with Caermarthenshire and on the North with Radnorshire The chief Town is Brecknock seated upon the North side of the Vsk where the River Honthy or Hodney from the North and two other small Brooks from the South augment its Streams It stands twelve Miles West of Abergevenny and elects one Member of Parliament This County is thick set with high Mountains but fruitful Valleys lie between them Bernard Newmarch who conquered this small Shire built at Brecknock a Castle which the Bohuns afterwards repaired The most Loyal and Noble James Butler Duke of Ormond was created Earl of Brecknock July 20. 1660. by Charles II. Breda Breda a City in the United Provinces in the Dukedom of Brabant upon the River Merca Merck under the Prince of Orange A little but a strong Place and the Capital of a small Barony taken from the Hollanders by the Marquess of Spinola in 1625. after a Siege of 10 Months taken from the Spaniards in 1637. and though it has been twice besieged by them yet they never could retake it At this place K. Charles II. continued some time in 1660. and receiv'd the welcome News of his Restitution And in 1667. after a bloody War of three Years continuance here was a Peace concluded between the English and Dutch It lies eight Leagues from Antwerp to the North. Brederode a Castle near Harlem in Holland giving its Name to an antient Family Bregentz a Town in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany upon a River so named It sustains the Title of an Earldom Brefort Bredefort or Bredervoerde a Town in the County of Zutphen in Guelderland in a marshy Place strengthned with a Castle near a Canal which joyns the Issel two Leagues from Grol and Aanholt The Prince of Orange took it by Storm in 1597. Brema a City and Kingdom beyond the Ganges in the East-Indies towards the States of Pegu. It is a rich Country and makes a puissant Prince who resides either at Brema or Carpa Brembo a River in the Bergamasco in Italy giving Name to the Valley of Brembo It springs about the Frontiers of the Valtoline and embraces the Adda a little below Bergamo Bremefurde a Town in the Dutchy of Bremen in the lower Circle of Saxony The ordinary Residence of the Governor of that Dutchy under the King of Sweden Bremen Brema is a very potent City in the lower Circle of Saxony in Germany made more renowned by an Archbishops See instead of Hamburg It stands upon the River Wiser Visurgis a Free Town and under no Prince with a small Territory about it call'd Stift van Bremen Tho the Swedes have many Pretences upon this Place on the Account of the Dukedom of Bremen yet they still maintain their Freedom The Archbishops have embraced the Augustane Confession ever since 1585. This City was declar'd an Imperial Free City by Ferdinando III. Anno 1646. It stands 12 German Miles from Hamburg to the South-West In Long. 40. 17. and Lat. 53. 25. First Wall'd in 1309. The Archbishop never had any Sovereignty here This Town was besieged by the Swedes in 1666. forty six Days and at last rescu'd by the Interposition of the German Princes The Dukedom of Bremen which belonged heretofore to the Archbishop was in 1648. yielded to the Swedes It has the River Albis or the Elb to the North the Weser to the South the Dukedom of Lunenburg to the East and on the West the Dukedom of Oldenburg Bremgarten Bremocartum a Bailywick in Switzerland belonging to eight of the antient Cantons Bullinger the Apocalyptick Minister was born here Brene or Breine-Aleu a small Town in Brabant in the Low-Countries with a Castle 2 or 3 Leagues from Brussels Brene-le-Comte a little Town in Hainault near Mons. Brene sur le Vesle See Brayne § Also a District within the Province of Touraine in France in the Diocese of Bourges Gregory of Tours was accused in a Council here in 581. or 83. for saying that Queen Fredegonde had secret commerce with the Archbishop of Bourdeaux but he was acquitted Brenta
Behat falling into the Indus have their Sources therein Long. 305. and Lat. 31. In this City their Kings resided heretofore There are two Fortresses standing in it Cabusco a Mountain in the Kingdom of Persia Cacagioni Charox a City of the Lesser or Crim Tartary Cacari a River and Town of Mongrelia Cacceres Caceres de Camarhina a City in the principal Philippine Island of Lusson or Manilha upon the Streights of Manilha with a good Port to the same and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Manilha Cacelina a City of Bithynia antiently call'd Chalcedon Cachan a large City in the Province of Hyrach in Persia 22 Leagues from Ispahan Above a thousand Families of Jews said to be of the Tribe of Juda dwell in it It is a famous Place for Brocards Cachar the Indus or great River of the East-Indies Caco Cacus Caunus a Mountain in the Kingdom of Aragon in the Confines of the Kingdom of Old Castile now call'd also Moncaio Cadenac a small Town in the County of Quercy in France upon the River Lot and the Borders of Rovergue 8 or 9 Leagues from Cahors Some take it to be the Vxellodunum of the antient Gaul which stood out the last of all their Towns against Caesar Cadillac a small Town in the Province of Guienne in France near the Garrone in a fertile Soil and adorn'd with one of the best Castles in this Province Cachieu or Sierra Liona a Sea Port Town on the Coast of Guiney much frequented by the Europeans towards the Promontory of Leaena This Place was first discovered by the Portugals in 1452. Cadiz Gades is an Island and City on the Coast of Spain in the Atlantick Ocean call'd Cadis and Cales by the English and Cadice by the Italians But small as being only 4 Leagues in length whereas it was once much greater as Pliny and Strabo both affirm It lies on the Coast of the Kingdom of Andalusia to which it is now joyn'd by a Bridge between the Outlet of the River Guadalquivir or Baetis and the Streights of Gibraltar On the Western Shoar of this Island lies CADIS which gives Name to the Island built by the Phenicians and is perhaps the oldest Town in Spain In the times of the Romans it was made a Municipal City and one of the Juridical Resorts for the Province of Baetica in which time it was thought one of the Noblest and Richest Cities in all Spain scarce yeilding to any in the Empire for Greatness Magnificence or the Number and Quality of the Inhabitants here living at one time five hundred Roman Knights which Number was not equalled in any other Place but Padua only beside the great Concourse of Merchants from all places of the World which occasioned Cornelius Balba a Native of it to build a New Town to the old one By the Moors at the Conquest of Spain it was utterly ruined and so contitinued till it was recovered from them by the Spaniards who rebuilt and fortified it and made it the Magazine for their Navies Yet it was taken by the English in one Day under Robert Earl of Essex and Sir Walter Rawleigh in which they burnt the Indian Fleet consisting of forty Sail of Ships whose Lading was worth eight Millions of Crowns overcame the Spanish Navy which consisted of fifty seven Men of War took the S. Michael and S. Andrew two great Gallions with their Lading and carried away more Martial Furniture than could be again supplied in many Years forced the Town in which they slew and took Prisoners 4000 Foot and 600 Horse and brought thence a considerable Booty in 1596. This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sevil. Long. 14. 10. Lat. 36. 28. Juno had a Temple formerly in her Honor in this Island thence call'd Junonis Insula and also Hercules another in which Caesar wept to reflect upon the Actions of Alexander the Great at the Age of thirty three After the Reduction of Spain by Caesar he left a Roman Colony at Cadis with the Name of Julia Gaditana The Antients believed it to be the utmost boundary of Navigation calling the two Mountains near it at the Mouth of the Streights the Pillars of Hercules Here the Spanish Gallions rendezvouse It is one of the Keys of Spain and of so very great Importance that Charles V. recommended it particularly together with Flushing in the Low-Countries and Goulet in Africa to the Care of his Son King Philip II. as absolutely necessary for the Conservation of his Empire Columella was a Native hereof with Canius a Poet mentioned by Martial I l Cadoriue the most Northern Country of all Italy towards the County of Tyrol and the Alpes contained within the Marcha Trevisana in the States of the Republick of Venice It s Capital Town is Pieve di Cadore Cadouin a famous Abbey of the Order of the Cistercians in the Province of Perigord in France where they pretend to preserve a Handkerchief of our Saviour's brought out of Jerusalem in 1105. and since visited by S. Lewis K. of France in 1269. by Charles VI. and Lewis XI as a most extraordinary Relick Caen Cadomus famous for a Bishop's See and an University on the River Orne about 4 Leagues from the British Sea 28 from Roan to the South In the year 1063. the Archbishop of Roan held a Council here in the Presence of William the Conqueror King of England who died in 1087. in the 74th year of his Age at Roan and being deserted after his Death by all his Friends and Servants was after a long time interr'd by the Monks here with small Pomp in the Abbey of St. Stephen which he him self had Founded as his Queen had done that of the Holy Trinity The University was Founded by Henry V. K. of England who took this City from the French after a sharp resistance by Storm in 1417. It s Long. is 22. 20. Lat. 49. 40. The learned Bochartus was none of the least Ornaments of this Place They bear three Fleur de Lysses in their Arms as a Token of their Fidelity to the Crown Caer-Cadon the Welsh Name of the City of Bath Caerdif See Landaff Caerick-Fergus See Knock-Fergus Caer-Leon Chester Caer-Leon Isca Legionis Legio Secunda an antient Roman Town upon the Vsk in the County of Monmouth which was once one of the Metropolitan Seats of Britain and an University till the See was removed to S. Davids The City was ruined in the Reign of Henry II. but there are still many very honourable Marks of its Antiquity and Splendor digged up here for which the Reader may consult Mr. Camden The Romans quartered the Second Legion called Augusta in it to bridle the Silures King Arthur kept his Court here It stands 9 Miles East from Landaf 21 from Brecknock South-East and 26 from Hereford South-West Newport has sprung out of its Ruins and stands a little beneath it on the Severn Caer-Lud London Caermarthenshire is one of the Twelve Counties in VVales bounded
Not much inhabited Casilimar Halys a River of Paphlagonia in Asia the Less This falls into the Euxine Sea 20 Miles West of Amisum now Simiso Cashel Cassilia Cassellia a City of the Province of Munster and County of Tipperary not far from the River Sewer built upon a Hill and made an Archbishops See by Pope Eugenius III. but now meanly Peopled having suffered much from the English It stands 23 Miles North of Waterford In 1650. it was almost wholly burnt down There was a Council held in this City in the year 1171. Casimambous a People of the Isle of Madagascar of the race of those Arabians which the Calif of Mecca dispatched thither about 200 years ago to instruct the Natives in the Arabick Language Casius see Lison a Mountain of Egypt at the foot whereof stood heretofore a Town called Casium famous for the Sepulchre of Pompey and a Temple of Jupiter Castona Castulo a City in the Kingdom of Andaluzia in Spain upon the River Guadalimar which has sometime been a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo Famous for the Defeat of the Moors in the year 1202. in the Reign of Alphonsus King of Castile the Christians killing 200000 of them upon the spot near this place The Caspian Sea was named at first the Sea of Chosar from a great Granchild of Noah Nubius in his Geography stiles it the Sea of Thavisthan The Moors call it and the Gulph of Arabia Bohar Corsuin the Persians call both Kulsum the Greek and Latin Writers the Caspian and Hyrcanian Sea the Muscovites Gualenskoy-more The Antients generally thought it a Bay of the Great Indian Ocean or that it had some Communication with the Euxine Sea Though a vast number of Rivers fall into this Sea yet it is not perceived any way to increase It is in length from North to South 120 Miles in breadth 90. Some represent it 800 Miles long and 650 broad In the Winter for the most part frozen It is in effect no other than a great Lake The Waters of it are as salt as any other yet it neither Ebs nor flows nor has any Islands This Sea has the Kingdom of Astracan on the North Persia on the South Circassia on the West and Caratansca on the East Casriae Portae are certain difficult Passes through the Rocks and Mountains near the Caspian Sea in the Province of Schirvan in Persia only large enough for a single Chariot 8000 paces together leading to the Cities of Teflis and Derbent whence they are sometimes called the Gates of Teflis and Derbent amongst the Turks Temir Capi that is the Iron Gate see Derbent § The Caspian Mountains are a Chain of Mountains extended from North to South in Asia betwixt Armenia and the Caspian Sea § The Caspii were an antient People amongst the Scythians upon the Borders of the same Sea Cassandt a small Island upon the Coast of Flanders over against l' Ecluse with a Village in it and a Fortress under the Hollanders Cassano a City in the Hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza with the Title of a Principality situate near a small River called Lione § Also a great Town in the Milanese upon the River Adda between Crema and Bergamo Cassel a City in the Marquisate of Hessen upon the River Fuld which is well fortified It stands 13 German Miles from Marpurg in the Confines of the Dukedom of Brunswick the usual Residence of the Landgraves of Hessen antiently called Castellum Cattorum It is a large City well built and fortified and the Capital of the said Landgravate § Cassel or Mont-Cassel Castellum Morinorum a small Town in Flanders 4 Leagues from Bergue S. Vinoch and at an equal distance from Aire in a good Soil and well fortified with a considerable Jurisdiction belonging to it It has been taken and retaken upon divers Occasions but most memorable for the Battle here fought Apr. 11. 1677. betwixt the French commanded by the Duke of Orleans and the Dutch and Spanish Armies commanded by the Prince of Orange who proposing to relieve S. Omers then besieged by the Duke was repulsed in this Battel so that the Town yielded to the French within a few days after Cassemir or Chismeer a Province of the Empire of the Great Mogul in the hither East-Indies towards Tartary Casseneuil a small Town in the County of Agenois in Guyenne in France upon the River Lot 5 Leagues from Agen. Formerly adorn'd with a Palace Royal in which the Emperor Charles the Great took particular Delight and Lewis the Debonnaire his Son was bornin 778. Casseuil a Town upon the Garonne in the Diocese of Bazas in Guyenne in France Heretofore adorn'd with a Palace-Royal which disputes the Honor of being the Birth-Place of Lewis the Debonnaire with the precedent Casseneuil Cassian or Caschan a large handsome populous and trading City in the Province of Hyerach in Persia in a Plain 3 Days journey from Hispahan in the Way to the Caspian Sea only it wants good Water and the people are infested with Scorpions Cassin or Mont-Cassin a celebrated Abbey in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples built by S. Benedict the Patriarch of the Occidental Monks and inhabited by him There was heretofore a City of the same Name at the Foot of the Hill upon which this Abbey stands It was an Episcopal See under the Pope but falling into Ruines the See became united with that of S. Germain a City that has sprung out of those Ruines of Cassin Cassiopeia an antient City and Territory in the Kingdom of Epirus in Greece upon the Frontiers of Macedonia It has had the Honor of an Episcopal See and is a different Place from the Cassiope of Pliny and Ptolemy which stands to the Sea in the same Kingdom and is now called Joannina Cassiterides the antient Name of two Islands upon the Northern Coast of Galaecia in Spain given them by the Greeks from the White Lead they found in them Now call'd Zigarga and S. Cyprian They lie opposite to the Cap d'Orteguere Cassopo a Town in the North of the Island of Corfou heretofore called Cassiopeia and famous for a Temple dedicated to Jupiter It is now nothing more than a ruin'd Fortress besides a Church under the Care of some religious Greeks where they have a Figure of the B. Virgin that is famed for doing of Miracles Cassovia Vide supra Caschaw This City was granted to Bethlehem Gabor by Ferdinand II. in 1620. Cassubia or Cassuben a Dutchy in the Province of Pomerania in Germany under the Elector of Brandenburg between the Baltick Sea Prussia and Stetin Colberg is one of its Principal Towns Castabala Perasia an antient City of Cilicia in Asia Minor upon the Confines of Syria and the Gulph of Lajazzo between Anazarbe and Adana Diana had formerly a famous Temple in her Honor here Castalius a Fountain of Phocis in Greece dedicated by the antient Poets to Apollo
Leagues from Paris two from Senlis and near a Forrest call'd Chantilly It is one of the most delightful Castles in the Kingdom of France Chaocheu A great City and Territory having Jurisdiction over nine Cities in the Province of Quangtung in China The City is adorn'd with two stately Temples a large Bridge over a Navigable River and is a very trading place Chaoking the Capital City of a Territory of the same Name in the Province of Quangtung in China having ten other Cities under its Jurisdiction It is the Seat of a Vice-Roy and full of Noble Buildings La Chapelle a Town in the Province of Limosin in France Chappel in the Frith a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of High Peak Los Chareâ—s sometimes also call'd la Plata from its Capital City is a Province of the Southern America towards the Pacifick Ocean below the Tropick to the South of Peru. Chard A Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Kingsbury Charente Carentelus Caranthenus a River of France which ariseth in Limosin and running Westward entereth the Province of Poictou from which it passeth to Angolesine and Sainctes and entereth the Aquitane Sea right over against the Isle of Oleron between the Garonne and the Loire Charenton Carentonium a Town in the Isle of France about two Miles from Paris to the East upon the River Marne where it enters the Seine This Place was allow'd for the Exercise of the Reformed Religion which together with its nearness to Paris made it very famous till the demolishing of that Religion there La Charite A large Town upon the Loire in the Province of Nivernois upon the ascent of a Hill betwixt Nevers and Cosne in France Often taken and retaken in the Civil Wars of that Kingdom Here the Loyre is covered with a good Bridge Charkliqueu A Town in Cappadocia in the Lesser Ajia two Leagues from Tocat standing in a fruitful Country for Wine There is the Rock not far from it which served in the Exile of S. Chrysostom for the place of his retreat much frequented by the devout Christians Charlemont Carolomontium a small but very strong Town in the most Southern Border of the County of Namur upon the River Mose about four Miles South of Dinant and nine from Namur It belonged formerly to the Bishoprick of Liege but was taken into this County and fortified by Charles V. in 1555. by the consent of that Bishop Charlemont an old Castle in the Province of Vlster in Ireland in the County of Armagh surrendred May 14. 1690. to the D. of Schomberg upon Articles for want of Provisions having defended it self for about six Months in the midst of all the Garrisons belonging to the said General to admiration Charleville Carolopolis a new and strong City in Champagne in France upon the Mose in the Territory de Retel between Mezieres and Rocrâ—y built by Charles Duke of Nevers and Mantoua in 1609. five Miles from Sedan For which reason it not only bears his Name but also is substituted in part under the Duke of Mantoua and part the King of France Charleroy a new built strong Town in Namur where the Village of Charnoy stood built by the Spaniards in 1666. and so called from the present King of Spain In 1667. it was taken by the French and in 1679. restored by the Treaty of Nimmeghen to the Spaniards It lies five Leagues from Mons to the East upon the River Sambre Charley a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Leyland Charles-Town the Principal Town in the Island of Barbadoes built by the English and so called from Charles II. of England of blessed Memory § A considerable Settlement in New-England has received the same Name from the same Excellent Prince it is adorned with a large well built Church and several fair Buildings Charlieu A Town in the County of Charolois in Burgundy which has risen from an Abby call'd Carilocus or Carus locus in the Diocese of Mascon A Council was here celebrated in 926. for the rebuilding of Churches and repairing of the Ruines of the Holy Places in Palestine Chars or Chirsi Chorsa a strong City of Armenia Major mentioned by Pliny as standing near the Fountains of Euphrates It is a Bishop's See and the Residence of the Turkish Bassa who keeps it with a strong Garrison against the Persians It is well fortified and has a fine Castle Charolles Carolia Quadrigellae one of the chief Towns in the County so called in Burgundy upon the River Reconse six Leagues from Cluny and the Loyre It is honoured with a Collegiate Church and some Religious Houses Charroux Karrofium an ancient Abby in the Province of Poictou not far from Berry Du Chesne a French Antiquary says it took this Name according to the vulgar opinion from Chair-rouge meaning the Prepuce of Jes Ch. that was cut from him at his Circumcision and was heretofore preserved as a Relick in this place Chartres Carnutum a City and Bishoprick of the County of Blois in France upon the River Eure eighteen Leagues from Paris to the South-West and sixteen from Orleans to the North. This Bishop was heretofore subject to the Archbishop of Sens but in 1621. was put under the Archbishop of Paris The City is the Capital of the County of Blois and more particularly of a little Territory call'd Chartrain from it self and has a noble Cathedral dedicated to the Virgin Mary whose Smock is kept here In 1528. it was advanced to the honour of a Dukedom Divers Synods of inferiour Note have been held here It is likewise of good Antiquity and one of the most agreeable Cities of France by the general contribution of all things for that purpose Charybdis the notorious Gulph upon the Coast of the Island of Sicily to the South opposite to Scylla a Rock upon the Coast of Italy to the North made equally known by the common Proverb Bochartus derives the Name from Char-Obdan in the Phoenician Language signifying the hole of destruction They now call it Capo di Faro Chaslus see Chalus Chasteau-Briant a small Town in Brittany nine or ten Leagues from Nantes towards the Confines of the Province of Anjou Some esteem it as the Country of the ancient Cadates in Caesar's Commentaries There is an old Castle standing in it Chasteau-Dun Castelodunum the Principal Town in Dunois in la Beausse in France upon the River Loâ—re nine Leagues from Blois to the North-West The Antients gave it the name of Vrbs clara And indeed we find in the fifth Century that it was a City with the Seat of a Bishop But being a dependant upon the Bishoprick of Chartres a Council soon after deprived it of this honour Chasteau-Gontier a Town upon the River Mayenne in the Province of Anjou in France and the Diocese of Anger 's Divers small Councils have been assembled at it Chasteau-Landon a small Town in the Territory of Gastinois in the Isle of France upon the River Loing between Nemours
of it is to be seen the Bridge of Loyang over the River Loyang 360 Perches long about one and an half broad so curiously contrived with great Pillars instead of Arches and so finely imbellished with Sculptures as no where to find a Parallel in the World Cividad del Roy Philippo a Colony of Spaniards planted in Magellanica at the Mouth of the Streights of Magellan but dissipated by Famine again it being far remote from their Countries and seldom visited Civita Nova a small Town in the Marcha Anconitana in Italy 5 or 6 Miles from Loretto and near the Adriatick upon a Hill dignified with the Title of a Dukedom Civita Busella Bucellum a Town in the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples upon the River Sangro Civita Vecchia a famous Port in S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy believed by some to be the Centum Cellae of the Antients Civitella a Town in the farther Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples upon a Rock with the River Librata at the Foot of it Besieged by the French in 1557. under the Duke of Guise in vain Clagenfurt Clagenfurtum Claudia the Capital Town of the Dutchy of Carinthia in Germany â— Leagues from the River Drave and the same Distance from S. Veir There is a great Lake near it It is a fortified Town See Klagenfurt Clain Clanis Clitis a River of the Province of Poictou in France which having received the Vonne the ClouÌ„ere c. passes by Poictiers and loses its Name at length in the Vienne below Chasteleraud Clairvaux Clarevallum a famous Abbey of Champaigne upon the River Aube in the Diocese of Langres 5 or 6 Leagues from the said City Founded in the Year 1115. by the Great S. Bernard Himself being the first Abbot Who left above â—00 Religious in it at his Death Hence the Title of Abbas Clarevallensis given that very Divine Person Clare Clarence Clarentia a Country-Village in the County of Suffolk upon the River Stour which divideth Essex from Suffolk about 6 Miles West of Sudbury It had once a Castle but now ruined yet famous for the great Men who have born the Titles of Earls or Duke of it The last of which was George Duke of Clarence Brother to Edward IV. King of England who in 1421. was drowned in a Butt of Malmesey The second King at Arms retains the Surname of Clarencieux as appertaining formerly to the Dukes of Clarence At present the Title of Earl of Clare is in the Family of Hollis § There is also a Town and County in the Province of Connaught in Ireland of this Name the former standing near the Fall of the River Fergus into the Shannon Clarendon or Clarindon is a Noble Country House and Park belonging heretofore to the Kings of England about 2 Miles North of Salisbury in Wiltshire Famous of old for a Parliament here held in 1164. where were made the Constitutions of Clarindon Charles II. of blessed Memory added a new and lasting Honor to this Place when April 20. 1661. three Days before his Coronation he created the Loyal Edward Hide late Lord Chancellor Earl of Clarâ—ndon Viscount Cornbury c. who dying at Roüen in Normandy in 1674. was succeeded by Henry his eldest Son a Person of great Virtue and Goodness Clarentia or Clarenza a Country in the Morea described to contain the antient Achaia properly so called Sicyonia and Corinth Heretofore renowned under particular Dukes of its own The capital City bears the same Name of Clarenza Claros a mountainous Island of the Aegean Sea consecrated in antient times to Apollo Called at present Calamo § The Name of Claros is likewise born by a Town now unknown but mentioned we find amongst the Antients as belonging to the Colophonii in Ionia Apollo having had an Oracle in it and his Attribute thence deriv'd of Clarius Deus Claven Cleven Clavenna a small City in the Valtoline with an Earldom call'd by the Germans the Graffschaft von Cleven This City stands 5 Leagues from the Lake that bears its Name to the North upon the River Maiera called by the French Chiavenne Clausenbourg Claudipolis called by the Inhabitants Coloswar is the principal Town in Transylvania great populous and ennobled with an antient Castle All the Publick Affairs of that Principality are transacted and Justice administred here It stands upon the River Samosch nine German Miles from A'ba Jùlia North and fifteen from Waradin East The Duke of Lorrain put into it an Imperial Garrison Oct. 19. 1687. upon Articles agreed in a peaceable manner by the Magistrates and Governor for the late Prince Abafti Clay a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk and the Hundred of Holt. Clazomenae the Birth-place of the Philosopher Anaxagoras an antient City of Ionia in Asia Minor built in the Year of Rome 98. upon the Aegeun Sea betwixt Smyrna and Chio. Clebuâ—g Mortimer a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesden Clerac or Clairac a Town in the County of Agennois in Guyenne in France 4 Leagues from Agen and the same Distance from Nerac It stands upon the River Lot which a little below falls into the Garonne And has a famous Abbey in it Clermont en Argene a Town in the Dukedom of Bar upon the River Ayr four Leagues from Verdun West and seven from Barleduc North-East This belongeth to the Duke of Lorrain but in 1654. was taken from him and annexed to the Crown of France It is honoured with the Title of an Earldom Clermont en Auvergne Arvernae Claromons Claromontium the principal City of the Province of Auvergne and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourges It stands upon a declining ground in a Territory called Limaigne which is very fruitful upon the River Tiretaine twenty Leagues South of Moulins and twenty five East of Limoges Here was a General Council celebrated in 1095. under Pope Vrban II. in which the Croisade for the recovery of the Holy Land was concluded and Godfrey of Bouillon declared General of the same Also Philip I. King of France was excommunicated until his repentance for Adultery This is thought to have arisen out of the Ruines of Gergovia an old Roman Town It is honoured with the Title of an Earldom belonging to the Crown ever since the Union of Auvergne with the Crown Clermont on Beauvais a Town in the Isle of France five Leagues South of Beauvais in the North-East Border of that County The Earldom of this place is famous for giving a beginning to the Royal House of Bourbon in the Person of Robert of France Earl of Clormont en Beavais the Son of St. Lewis Clermont de Lodeve a Town in Languedoc upon the River Lorgue four and twenty Leagues from Avignon West So distinguished because standing in the Diocese of Lodeve It gives Name to an Honourable Family and is beautified with a Collegiate Church a Cattle and some Monasteries § There are other Clermonts in this Kingdom One in Danphine in the Territory of Viennois giving the Title of an Earldom
Kingdom of Mexico which secures the Road of Mechoacan to the Silver Mines of Zacateca besides to divers others in Califernia Hispaniola c. Conches a small Town in Normandy three or four Leagues from Eureux in a Territory called Ouche There is an Abbey standing in it Concorde a Country in the Terra Australis beyond the Indian Ocean call'd t'landt van Eendracht by the Hollanders who discovered it in 1618. as they were searching a passage to go to the Moluccae's luca's Concordia a ruined City of the Province of Friuli in Italy the Bishop whereof resides at Porto di Gruaro and is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Aquileia They write it became abandoned in Attila's time Condapoli a City in the Kingdom of Golconde in the Hither East-Indies with a strong Fort upon a Mountain betwixt the Cities Golconda and Candavera Conde Condate an ancient Roman Town in Hainault upon the River Haisne where it entreth the River Escault two German Miles North of Valenciennes This though a strong Town was taken by the French in 1655. and lost in 1656. But Lewis XIV retaking it in 1676. is still possessed of it The Title of it has been and is still born by many of the Princes of the Blood Royal of France there is a small Village of the Name also seated about a Mile West from this fortified Town Conde sur Nereau Condaeum ad Norallum a Town in the Territory of Veuxin in Normandy upon the River Nereau which soon after falls into the Orne betwixt Vire Falaise and Argentan Condom Condomum a small City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux It stands upon the small River Baise two Leagues from Nerac four from the Guaronne and six from Aux in the Province of Guyenne the Capital of the Territory of Condomois and first made a Bishops See by Pope John XXII in 1327. It was taken and much abused by the Huguenots in 1569. This is the Condomium Visconum of the Ancients The late Bishop of Condom now of Meaux has made this City as remarkable and as much spoken of by his Writings as the greatest Town in Europe Condore Condora a Province in Russia towards Tartaria deserta in the North-East part of that Kingdom bordering North upon the White Sea East upon Obdora and Sibiria South upon Permia and West upon the Province of Arch-Angel extreamly cold and but thinly inhabited without Town or City of Note in it The best and chiefest is call'd Wergaturia Condrieu Condriacum a pleasant Town at the foot of an Hill in Lionnois in France upon the Western Shoar of the Rhosne two Leagues from Vienne to the South and seven from Lion to the same Quarter famous for excellent Wines Baudrand observes that some write this Name Coindrieu though improperly Congleton a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Northwich upon the River Dane Conflent a part of the County of Rousillon near the Pyrenean Hills and Cretania the chief Town of which is Villa Franca Once a part of the Kingdom of Spain but now under the Crown of France Congedo Cogedus a River of the Kingdom of Arragon which falls into the Xalon near Baubula Congo Congum a Kingdom on the Western Shoar of Africa in the Lower Aethiopia which by the Portuguese is comprehended in the Lower Guinea and was once very great containing Congo Angola Metamba Cunda Lulla Anunda and the Kingdom of Loangh in trust which Countries are yet in some Maps ascribed to Congo though it is above one hundred and fifty years since they revolted from it Congo properly so called is a small but fruitful well cultivated spot of Ground on the West it has the Atlantick Ocean on the South the Kingdom of Angola and Bengala on the North the Kingdom of Loangh and on the East the Kingdoms of Cangela and Metamba watered with the Rivers Zaire Coanza and Lelunde The principal City is S. Salvador where the King resides He and the greatest part of his Subjects are Christians under one Bishop They have suffered very much from the Portuguese and by Wars as Bandrand acquaints us from Jacinthi à Vetralla a Capuchin who lived many years amongst them Coningsberg Regiâ—mons called by the Poles Krolowice is a great City the Capital of Prusia Ducalis and a Hanse Town at the Mouth of the River Pregel twenty Miles East of Elbing It has a Castle and a fine Haven and came into the hands of the Duke of Brandenburg in 1525. having before that time belonged to the Teutonick Order who built it in 1260. Here was also an University opened in 1544. by Albert Duke of Prusia Coni Cuneum a City in Piedmont called by the Inhabitants Cuno It is seated at the conjunction of the Rivers Stura and Grez thirty six Miles from the Port of Vintimilia upon the Mediterranean Sea Northward and the same distance from Turino to the South built in 1150 And in 1641. taken by the French under the Duke de Hartcourt But since in the Possession of the Duke of Savoy The French have besieged it in the present War under Monsieur Cattinat but were forced to rise again and leave it in the possession of its Duke Connaught Connacia is one of the four great Provinces of Ireland bounded on the North by Vlster on the East by Leinster on the South by Mounster and on the West by the great Western Ocean It contains seven Counties Slego Mayo Roscommon Letrim Longford Gallway and Clare or Tomound Ptolomy calls its ancient Inhabitants Gangani and Concani Strabo Coniaci and Conisci When the Parliamentarians had fully subdued the Irish about 1655. they took up a resolution to transport all the Heritors of the Romish Religion into this Province which is separated from the rest of Ireland by the River Shannon and the Mountain of Curlewe reserving to the English the Forts Cities and fortified Towns the Passes and the Sea Shoars for Garrisons to secure them from any further Attempts of that Nation a Design which had been proposed before by Spencer and thought easie but it proved otherwise Elench Motuum Part 2. Connor Coneria a small City in the Province of Vlster in the County of Down upon the Lake Cone toward the North-West Corner of the said Lake the Bishoprick is united to that of Down under the Archbishop of Armagh sometime ago possessed by the Eloquent Dr. Jeremiah Taylor who died Bishop of this Diocese Conquet Conquestus a fine Port in Britany in France fourteen Leagues South of Brest The Town though small is neat rich and well built taken by the English in 1416. Conserans Consorans a Territory in the Vpper Gascogny on the Borders of Languedoc which bounds it to the East as Cominges and de Foix doth to the West having Catalonia on the South which is divided from it by the Pyrenean Hills and on the North the Bishoprick of Pamiers It s greatest extent is from North to South along the River Salatum § Conserans or S. Lizier de
that Agesilaus the Athenian General defeated the Boeotians in the year of Rome 359. In the third Century it became a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens Now a Miserable Village inhabited by none but Turks Coropa a Province in Guiana in South America between the River of Amazons and the Lake of Parymaea near the River of Coropatuba but not inhabited by any of our European Colonies Coronna Varonnum Adrobicum and vulgarly the Groyne a famous Sea-Port-Town on the North-West Shoar of Spain in Gallicia strong rich and full of people ten Miles from Compostella to the North and six from the Isle of Sisarga in Long. 8. 40. Lat. 44. 20. The Town stands upon a Peninsula and is almost surrounded by the Sea The Country affords excellent Iron Steel and several other Metals which cause the Port to be the more frequented Corozaim or Chorazim mention'd Matth. 11. 21. an ancient Town of Galilee in Palestine which was one of the ten that composed the Country of Decapolis It stood over against Capernaum upon the Banks of the River Jordan and near the Sea of Tiberias Corregio Corregium a great and populous Town in the Dukedom of Modena which had heretofore Princes of its own but in 1635. it came into the hands of the Duke of Modena it stands thirteen Miles from Regio to the North-East and twelve from Modena to the North between the Rivers of Navila West and Fossa Rossa East and has the honour of a good Castle Corsica called la Crose by the French and Corsega by the Spaniards is a considerable Island in the Mediterranean Sea in length from North to South 110 Miles in breadth 50 and its Circuit 280 100 Miles South from Genoua and 8 from Sardinia This Island has ever been ill inhabited by reason of the Asperity of a great part of it and the great difficulty of approaching it The Tusci or old Italians were the first Inhabiters of this Island who were conquered by the Carthaginians the Carthaginians yielded to the Tomans the Saracens followed these who finally in 1144. were subdued by the Genouese The Pisans and the Kings of Arragon have since contested with the Genouese but however that Republick has desended the place against all pretenders to this day There are five Episcopal Sees in it to wit Ajazzo Aleria Sagona Mariana and Nebio the three first under the Archbishop of Pisa the other of Genoua It is watered by the Rivers Liamon and Tavignan which both spring out of the Lake of Crena Bonifacio is its best Port and Basta the Capital Town There is a Cape call'd Corso which is the same with the Sacrum Promontorium of the Ancients Corschi the Name of a Numerous people in Persia living in Tents and descended from the Turks out of which the Sophy always composes his first Troops Corthestan Taurus Cortona Cortonium Corto a small but very ancient City in the Dukedom of Florence in Italy it lies on the Borders of the Estate of the Church and is a Bishops See made by Pope John XXII under the Archbishop of Florence four Miles from the Lake di Perugia to the North and fourteen from Arezzo to the South Corwey Corbeja Saxonica or Nova called by the French Corbie is a small City in West phalia which has an Abbey founded by S. Lewis King of France in 815. It lies upon the Weser nine Miles from Paderborne to the West Cosa Cosas a small River in the State of the Church which falleth into Garigliano Liris by Feretino and Veroli Cosano Cossano Cosa Cosanum a City of Calalabria in the Kingdom of Naples six Miles from the Gulph of Taranto and one and twenty from Rosano to the North. It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza Cosenza Consentia the principal City of Calabria and one of the greatest in the Kingdom of Naples an Archbishops See seated in a fruitful Plain upon the River Crate which has belonging to it a strong Castle upon a Hill Alaricus XII King of the Goths died in this City In 1638. it suffered much by an Earthquake fourteen Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and thirty from Rossano to the West in Long. 40. 20. Lat. 39. 11. Cosir a City of Egypt upon the Red Sea written also Cossir Coslin Coslinum a Town in the Dukedom of Pomerania under the Dominion of the Duke of Brandenburgh upon a small River three German Miles from the Baltick Sea and six from Treptow to the East Heretofore the Seat of the Archbishop of Casmires but given from him by the Treaty of Westphalia to the present Possessor Cosmopolis a Town in the Isle of Elbe in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to the Duke of Florence which has a convenient and safe Port it lies over against Piombino twenty five Miles to the West Cosne Conoda Conium a small Town some place it in the Province of Beausse some in Nivernois upon the Loyre in France betwixt Nevers and Orleans often taken and retaken in the Civil Wars of the last Age there Cossa a ruined City on the Coast of the Tyrrbenian Sea six Miles from Orbitello to the East and seventy from Rome to the North destroyed by Charles the Great Ansidonia sprung out of its ruines which last is now in the Possession of the Duke of Florence Cossaques a Martial People inhabitants of the Province of Vkraine in Red Russia renowned for their great services done as well to Christendom in general as to the Crown of Poland in guarding the Frontiers of that Kingdom against the Tartars Nevertheless in some times guilty of great Revolts too which have occasion'd divers Treaties of Peace betwixt them and Poland They speak a Dialect of the Polonian Language and for Religion are a mixture of the Greek the Roman and the Protestant Churches Cosse a Seigniory in the Province of Maine in France near St. Susanne giving Name to a Family of Quality Cossaei an ancient People dwelling about a Mountain of Media whom Alexander the Great sacrificed to the Manes of his dear Ephaestion in a transport of Grief for his Death say Polybins and Diodorus Cossovia Campus Merulâ—â— a Plain in Bulgaria not very much exceeding Lincoln-Heath yet the Stage of great Actions Here the greatest Christian Army that was ever brought into the Field in Europe consisting of 500000 Men under Lazarus Despot of Servia fought with the Forces of Amurath I. and lost the day in which Battel Lazarus was slain and Amurath viewing the dead bodies was stabbed by Michael Cobloivitz a Christian Souldier left for dead in the field Amurath hath here a Funeral Monument to this day This happened in 1390. In the same Field was also fought that remarkable Battel between Huniades and Mahomet for three days together in which Huniades his Forces were beaten being very unequal in number This Plain is bounded by the Mountains of Negri to the South by the River Nesaus to the East by Nissa to the North and by Ibar to the West one hundred and thirty
the River Werra near the Confines of Thuringen supposed to have been built by the Emperour Carolus Magnus and after the ruining of it by the Hunns to have been rebuilt by the Emperour Henry II. Escualt See Schelde Escure a Province of the Kingdom of Morrocco in Barbary betwixt the River Hued-la-Abid to the East the Mountain Verte to the North and West and the River Tensift with some parts of the Atlas to the South Fruitful in Corn and Pasturage Escurial a Village in New Castile upon the River Guadarna seven Leagues from Madrid to the West and twenty four from Toledo to the North in which Philip II. King of Spain built a Palace Royal together with a most Magnificent Monastery and a Stately Church in honour of S. Laurence as a grateful Memorial of the Victory obtained against Henry II. King of France at the Battel of S. Quintin in Picardy In 1557. in which he spared no Expence that might contribute to the Magnificence and Ornament of it insomuch as he is said to have spent twenty Millions of Gold on this Structure And since that time the Kings of Spain have been buried in a Noble Chappel here called the Pantheon from its being built in imitation of the Pantheon at Rome The Emperour Charles V. lies interred in it This Magnificent Fabrick suffered much by Fire in 1671. in which a vast Library perished Esfagues Ruspae a small City in the Kingdom of Tunis it was a Bishops See but now ruined Esino Aesis Esis a River in the Marca Anconitana in Italy It ariseth from the Appennine and running East washeth Jesi then falls into the Adriatick Sea one Mile North of Ancona This was once the Northern Boundary of Italy Eskedale Eskia a County in Scotland bounded by Cumberland on the South Annandale on the West Twedale on the North and Tivedale on the East it takes its Name from the River Esk which runs through it and falls into the Tees Eskihissar Laodicea a City of the Lesser Asia upon the River Lycus near its fall into the Meander built by Antioâ—bus the Son of Stratonica whose Wife being called Laodicea gave this Name to the City now totally ruined and not inhabited though once an Archbishops See who had sixteen Suffragan Bishops under him The Turkish Name it has signifies the Old Castle The Ruines of it shew it to have been a very great City situate upon six or seven Hills encompassing a large space of Ground twenty Miles distant from Coloss to the North-East and five from Hierapolis It hath three Theatres of White Marble as beautiful and intire as if they were lately built and a Circus as stately But then the Town is totally desolate inhabited by nothing but Wolves Foxes and Chacals a Den of Dragons Snakes and Vipers neither hath it the Title of an Archbishops See as Seignior Ferraro and others have affirmed God having spit it out of his Mouth as threatned in the Revolation and made it an Example of his Justice and Veracity See Mr. Wheeler p. 264. See Laudichia Esla Estola a River of the Kingdom of Leon. It washeth Leon and Benvento and taking in the Orbico falls into the Duero between Samora to the East and Miranda to the West Essing Elsing or Eslingen Ezelinga Eslinga a small Imperial and Free City in the Dukedom of Wirtemburg in Schwaben in Germany upon the River Necker nine Miles from Spier to the South-East and the same from Vlm to the North-West This is now under the Protection of the Duke of Wirtemburg ill built and has suffered much in the late Wars Esne See Aisne Esperies Eperiae a strong Town in the County of Sarax in the Lower Hungary upon the River Tarcza or Tarkz towards the Carpathian Mountains and the Frontiers of the Kingdom of Poland Obtained from the Turks since the present War Espernay Sparnacum Aspreniaoum a Town upon the Marne in the Province of Champagne in France betwixt Chalon and Chateau-Thierry It bath a famous Abbey of the Augustine Fryars standing in it Espinal Spinalium a small City in the Dukedom of Lorrain upon the Maes four Leagues from the Confines of Burgundy to the North and a little less from Remirmont This Town hath suffered much in the Wars of this Age. Espinoy a Town in Flanders betwixt Douay and L'Isle ennobled with the Title of a Principality and giving its Name to an Honourable House Esseck Mursd a Town and Castle in Sclavonia at the Confluence of the Drave and the Danube where great Actions have been done The Town stands low and the Streets are planked with Trees as Dr. Brown assures us who hath seen it Upon one side of the Gate is part of a Roman Inscription MAELIAN on the other a Maids Head of Stone In or near this place Constantius defeated Magnentius the Usurper and Murtherer of Constantine II. in 359. The Town is great and populous by reason of the Trade and Commerce on the account of the Passage But not strong and therefore the Turks have of late bestowed much cost and pains in fortifying it In 1537. Solyman the Magnificent assaulted it without Success But that which is the great wonder is the Bridge over the Drave and the Marshes on both sides this Bridge is five Miles over having Rails on both sides and Towers of Wood at every quarter of a Mile built by Solyman the Magnificent in 1521. so soon as ever he had taken Belgrade it is so broad that three Wagons may go a breast and all built of Oaken Timber Count Nicholas Serini burnt part of it in 1664. which necessitated the Turks to build that part a little nearer the Danube because they could not without great charges and difficulty pluck up the remainder of the Trees which the Water had preserved from the Fire By this Bridge all the Turkish Armies use to pass between Hungary and Constantinople near here the unfortunate Lewis King of Hungary in 1526 was defeated in attempting to stop Solyman's passage into his Kingdom Count Lesly Aug. 15. 1685. burnt it the second time and possessed himself of the Town of Esseck but the Castle holding out he blew up their Magazines plundered the Town and left it In 1686. the Turks began to build this Bridge after another way by driving rows of Trees into the Earth and filling up the space with Earth that it might not be so subject to be ruined by Fire but the Duke of Lorrain June 15. 1687. put an end to this Work drove the Turks over the Drave and in a few days intirely ruined what eight thousand men had been many Months a building Pursuing his design and passing the Drave to take Esseck he found the Prime Visier there posted with all the Forces he could raise very advantageously with the Danube on the left a Wood on the right the Town and Drave behind and a Morass before him between which and his Camp was a Dike twenty foot deep forty broad and two Miles long strengthened with Palisadoes and
of Thessalonica from the West thirteen German Miles from Thessalonica to the South Farima a City of Japan eighteen Spanish Leagues from Meaco to the West which is under the King of Japan now but had heretofore a Prince of its own Faringdon a Market-Town in Berkshire The Capital of its Hundred Farne an Island on the Coast of Northumberland in the German Ocean two Miles from Bamburg Castle where S. Cuthbert built him an Hermitage in which he took care to see nothing but Heaven as Bede saith Farneto a Castle in the Dukedom of Florence in Italy near Orvietto Whence the Family of the Farnese with a little Variation is believed to derive their Name Farnham a Market-Town in the County of Surrey The Capital of its Hundred Watered by the River Wey and graced with the Episcopal Seat of the Bishop's of VVinchester King Alfred made a great Slaughter of the Danes in a Victory over them here Faro Pharus a City of Spain in Algarva upon the Ocean between Cape S. Vincent to the West and the Mouth of the Guadiana to the East near the Cape of S. Mary seven Miles from Silves to the South-East Faro di Messina Fretum Mamertinum the Streight between Sicily and Italy Farsa Pharsalus a City of Thessalia where the fate of the Empire of the World was determined between Cesar and Pompey by Battel In some later Maps called Farsato Farsi Persia Farso a Town in Carmania over against the Eastern Cape of Cyprus 7 German Miles from the Mediterranean Sea in Asia the Less Fartach See Fertach Fasso Phasis a River in Mengrelia Fatigar a Kingdom in Africa which belonged formerly to the King of Ethiopia between the great Lake of Arpen to the East the Mountains of Felles to the North the Kingdom of Olabi to the West and that of Bara to the South between 60. and 70. and 10 North Latitude Favagnana Aegathos Aegusa Aethusa an Island on the West of Sicily near Cape Trepano under the King of Spain which has a Bay fit to receive the greatest Navies near to which Luctatius Catulus the Consul gave the Carthaginians their last blow at Sea Faudoas a Town and Castle in the Province of Gascoigne in France adorned with the Title of a Barony and giving its name to an honorable Family Fayal one of the Azores in the Atlantick Ocean under the Portuguese little but fruitful having a Town of the same name with others in it Feldkirck Feldkirkia a small but well peopled Town in the Province of Tirol in Germany upon the River Ill towards the Frontiers of Switzerland It is also written Widkirch and carries the honor to be an Earldom Felin or Welin Felinum a City of Livonia upon the River Felin in Esthonia 150 Miles North of Riga which has a strong Castle in it In this place William of Furstemburgh Master of the Teutonick Order was betrayed by his own Subjects to the King of Sweden in 1650. who has ever since possessed it Fella Carnicum Julium a Castle in Friuli but on the Confines of Carniola under the Venetians Felles a Ridge of Mountains in Africa extending from the North-East to the South-West on the North of Egypt See Fatigar Fello Phellos a City of Lycia East of the River Xanthus or Lycus and West of the Chelidonii Scopuli on the Shoars of Asia the Less Feltri Feltria a City in the Marchia Tarvisina under the Commonwealth of Venice upon the River Asona which soon after falls into the Piave forty two Italian Miles from Trent to the East This is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja and has been under the Venetians ever since 1404. Sometime written Feltre Femeren Femerae Fimeria a small Island in the Baltick Sea on the Shoars of Holstein and Wagria from which it is distant only four Miles made famous by a Naval Victory obtained by the Danes over the Swedes and Hollanders in 1645. Fenesia Psillis a River of Bithynia in the Lesser Asia Ferden Verda a City of the Lower Saxony called also Verden which is the Capital of a Duchy of the same name and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mentz by the institution of Charles the Great It stands upon the River Aller six Miles from Bremen to the East and twelve from Hamburgh to the South of old a Free Imperial City afterwards subject to its own Bishop but in the Treaty of Westphalia it was given to the Swedes who are still possessed of it the Bishop of this City imbraced the Augustane Confession in 1568. The Dukes of Lunenburgh seized it in 1676. but were forced to restore it in 1679. to the Swedes La Fere Fara a strong City upon the River Oyze in Picardy in the Tract of Tierache five Miles from S. Quintin to the South and 4 from Laon to the North it stands in a Morass and was retaken by Hen. IV. after the Spaniards had gained it from the French La Fere Champenoise a City of Champaigne in France between the Seyne to the South and the Marne to the North eight Miles from Chalons to the South § There is another called La Fere en Tardenois in this Province too in the middle between Melun to the West and Reimes to the East Ferentino or Fiorentino Ferentinum a City of Campagnia in Italy under the Pope which is a Bishops See under none but him It lies forty Italian Miles from Rome to the South and eight from the Confines of the Kingdom of Naples to the North a small place built on an Hill Ferento Ferentiae an antient City ruined of Hetruria in Italy near Viterbo and Montefiascone It had been an Episcopal See before those of Viterbo destroyed it upon an account of Heresie in 1074. Ferenzuola or Fierenzuola an Episcopal City in the Capitanata in the Kingdom of Naples Adorned with a famous Abbey and made remarkable in antient History by the Victory of Sylla over M. Carbo here in the year of Rome 672. Fermanagh Fermanagensis Comitatus a County of Vlster in Ireland in which lies Earne the greatest Lake in that Kingdom There is never a City or Town of note in this County and therefore it need be no further considered Fermo See Firmiana Fernes Fernae a City in the County of Wexford in Ireland with an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Cashel now but formerly of Dublin Feroe Islands See Foeroe Ferrandina a Town in the Kingdom of Naples in the Basilicate upon the River Basiento 18 Miles from the Sea to the West and 12 from Matera to the South-West built by Ferdinando Duke of Calabria Son of Alphonsus II. King of Naples and since honored with the Title of a Dukedom Ferrara Ferraria a City of Italy under the Dominion of the Pope and the Capital of the Dukedom of Ferrara which under the Family of Este was so improved and augmented that it became one of the best Cities of all Italy made a Bishops See by Pope Vitaliano 30 Miles from Bologna It was so small
from which it is parted by the River Leye the chiefest Town is L'isle Insula First united to France by Dagobert one of their Kings by whom about 621. it was granted to Liderick de Buque with the Title of Forester In 864. it was granted to Baldwin I. by the Title of Earl of Flanders the Sovereignty being reserved to France whose Homagers these Earls were This Earldom by the Marriage of Philip Duke of Burgundy with Margaret Daughter of Lewis de Malatin Earl of Flanders in 1369. came into the House of Burgundy and so to the House of Austria by the Marriage of Mary Daughter and Heir of Charles the Hardy to Maximilian Emperor of Germany in 1476. in which Family it still is This though the prime Earldom of all Europe yet was a Homager to the Crown of France till Charles V. having taken Francis I. his Prisoner in the Battel of Pavy in Italy by a Treaty at Madrid infranchised it from that Servitude Since the time of Philip II. it has been extreamly curtailed and harassed many of the Inhabitants flying then into England not only depopulated but impoverished it by carrying away its Trade And the Hollanders Revolting not only added to this Calamity by a War of forty years continuance but took from them several Towns in the Northern parts Of later times the French have made the same devastations on the Southern so that not above half Flanders is now left to the Spaniards and that in a weak and declining condition Flassans a small Village in Provence in the Diocese of Freâ—us remark'd for giving name to an eminent Poet of that Country in the thirteenth Century as likewise in the person of Sieur de Flassans sirnamed the Knight of the Faith for his zeal against the Huguenots of Provence in 1562. Flatholm an Island in the Severn over against Somersetshire Flavigni Flaviniacum a small Town in the Tract of Auxois in Burgundy betwixt Dijon and Samur upon a little River near the antient Alize There stands an Abbey of the Benedictines in it La Fleche a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the Loyre towards the Frontiers of Maine Henry le Grand founded a College of Jesuits there in 1603 whose heart is interred in the same Flensburg Flensburgum a City of the Kingdom of Denmark on the South of Jutland upon the Bay of Flens on the Baltick Sea in the Dukedom of Sleswick four German Miles West of the Isle of Alsen and 6 from Frederichstad to the North-East It is but small seated on high Hills with a large Haven and a strong Castle The City is under the King of Denmark but the Territory which belongs to it is under the Duke of Holstein Gottorp Christian V. King of Denmark was born here in the year 1646. Flerus a Village in the County of Namur below Charleroy near the Sambre rendered remarkable by the Battel betwixt the French and Dutch Armies on July 1. 1690. fought upon the Plains thereof with the Victory to the French Fleury or S. Benoît sur Loyre Floriacum a small Town which has a noble and an ancient Monastery of the Order of S. Benedict whose Body lies interred therein seated upon the Loir nine Leagues from Orleans to the East It stands according to some in Le Gastinois to others in the Dukedom of Orleans and deserves to be remembred for the sake of Hugo Floriacensis a Learned Monk of this House who wrote a loyal and a christian Discourse concerning the Origine of Monarchy which he dedicated to Henry II. King of England Published by Baluzius in his fourth Tome of Miscellanies § There is another Fleury in the Dukedom of Burgundy upon the River Ousche three Leagues from Dijon to the West A third in Biere which has a Priory and a fourth in the Isle of France Fliez Phligadia a Mountain in Sclavonia Lazius placeth it in Liburnia upon the Adriatick Sea Flie Flevo an Island at the Mouth of the Rhine which has a fine Haven and a rich Town It stands at the entrance of the Zuidersee near the Texel The English Fleet under Sir Robert Holms entred this Port in 1666 burnt one hundred sixty five Sail of Ships and took and burnt the Town of Schelling which is the chief of that Island Flintshire one of the twelve Shires in Wales bounded on the North with an Arm of the Irish Sea which parts it from Cheshire on the East of it and on all the other Quarters by Denbighshire It is Hilly but not mountainous fruitful in Wheat and Barley but especially Rie upon the Northern Shoar stands Flint Castle which gives name to the whole Shire begun by Henry II. and finished by Edward I. wherein Richard II. renounced the Crown of England Whereupon Henry Duke of Lancaster claimed it and intailed a War on the English Nation that bid fair for its Ruine The Title of Earl of Flint belongs to the Prince of Wales Flix a strong Castle upon the River Ebro in Catalonia supposed to be the old Ibera S. Florentin a Town of France in Senois in Champagne Florence Florentia one of the principal Cities of Italy called by Pliny Fluentia by the Italians Fiorenza and proverbially epitheted La bella from its great beauty The Capital of the Province of Toscany and the Residence of the Great Duke It was built by Sylla's Soldiers in the Year of Rome 675 seventy six years before the Birth of our Saviour upon the River Arno which passeth through it and is covered by four stately Bridges within the Walls It is five or as others say seven Miles in compass paved with Stone adorned with large Streets and stately magnificent Buildings both publick and private to the Beauty of which the natural Ingenuity of the Citizens has contributed very much no place having afforded more excellent Architects Painters and Carvers than this as Schottus observes It is seated in a gentle and healthful Air upon a great and a navigable River surrounded with a delicate Plain pleasant Hills high Mountains and abounding in whatsoever is valuable or useful said to contain above seven hundred thousand Souls It may justly own Charles the Great for its Founder who in 902 enlarged and new Walled it adding one hundred and fifty Towers an hundred Cubits high from whenceforward it began to flourish though it suffered very much from the Factions of the Guelphs and Gibellins that is the Imperial and Papal Parties This City purchased its Liberty of Rodolphus the Emperor about 1285 after which they subjected many of their Neighbours but were never quiet from Foreign Wars or Intestine Divisions till they fell under a second Monarchic Government in the interim Pope Martin V. advanced the Bishop to an Archbishop in 1421. Nor is it less remarkable for a Council held here for uniting the Greek and Latin Churches which began in 1439 and ended in 1442. Nor is the Death of Jerome Savanarola to be forgotten who was burnt here in 1494 for reproving the Vices of
separated from Groningen by the Bay of Dollert it contained heretofore the Earldom of Oldenburgh also In this Province are three Cities or great Towns Embden Aurick and Norden The earth is exceeding fruitful yielding great plenty of Corn Cattle Butter and Cheese Being conquered by Charles the Great it continued subject to the Empire till 1453. when it was granted by Frederick III. to Vlricus Son of Enno whose Posterity still enjoy it The Seat of these Earls is Aurick Frisingen Frisinga a City of the Vpper Bavaria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Salisburgh near the River Iser twenty Miles from Landshat to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but since exempted and put under the Dominion of its own Bishop Frislar Bogadium Frislaria a City in Hassia upon the River Eder under the Archbishop of Mentz four Miles from Cassel to the South and the same from Zigenheim to the North commonly called Fritzlar There was a Council celebrated in this City in 1118. Friul Friuli Regio Carnorum Forum Julii Carnia called by the French Frioul is a Province of Italy inhabited heretofore by the Carni it is bounded on the South by the Adriatick Sea and the Golfo di Triesie on the West with the Marquisate of Trevigia and the Earldom of Tyrol on the North by Carinthia and Carniola and on the East by Carniola and Istria This Province is under the State of Venice and has the Title of a Dukedom The chiefest City in it is Vdina and the Fort of Palma is the place of greatest strength The Emperors gave this Province heretofore to the Patriarchs of Aquileja But afterwards the Dukes of Aâ—stria and Carinthia took part of it from the Patriarchs and the States of Venice after many Wars at last in 1455. forced the Patriarch by a Treaty to resign the rest to them the Cities of this Province are Aâ—uileja ruined but under the House of Austria Pieue di Cadoro under the Venetians Cividat di Friuli under the same Goritia under the House of Austria La Palma and Vdina under the Venetians Frodlingham a Market Town in the East Riding of â—orkshire in the Hundred of Holderness Frodsham a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Edisbury Frome or Fraw a River in the County of Dorset which rising by Cantmerls in the Borders of Somersetshire washeth Frampton Dorcester Woodford Morlen and at Wareham falls into Bruksey Haven taking in this passage many smaller Rivers Fromeselwood a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Frome and upon the River Frome Fronsac Franciacum a Castle in Aquitain near Bourdeaux built by Charles the Great and made the Title of a Dukedom it stands upon the River Dordogne Duranius about five Leagues from Bourdeaux to the East called Frontiacum in the Writers of the middle Age. Frontenac a Cittadel in New France in America upon the Banks of a Lake of the same Name built in 1673. to oppose the Incursions of the Salvages Frontignaud Forum Domitii Frontiniacum a small City in the Lower Languedoc upon the Lake of Magellone fifteen Leagues from Narbone to the East and four from Mompellier to the West upon the Mediterranean Sea The Wines of this place are much commended In 1562. the Huguenots besieged it in vain Frurnove See Fornove Frusilone or Frusino Frusio a City heretofore now a small Village in Campagnia di Roma upon the River Cosa which falls into the Gariliano Liris nine Miles from Aâ—atro the same from Ferentino and forty eight from Rome to the East it is now commonly called Frosilone P. Hormisdas was a Native of this place The Fryth or Fyrth or Forth of Edinburgh called by Ptolemy Boderia by Tacitus Bodotria is an Arm of the Sea that from the East penetrates almost quite through the Kingdom of Scotland to meet another such Arm from the West which is called the Fryth of Dunbritain it receives into its bosom many of the great Rivers of Scotland on the South it has Lothaine in which is Edinburgh Linlithgo Glasco and Sterling the principal City of which stands at the Western point of it upon the North side it has the County of Fife These two great Bays divide Scotland into two parts the Southern and the Northern Fuenterabia See Fontarabia Fuld Fulden Fulda a City of Germany in Buchaw or Buchen a Territory in the Upper Circle of the Rhine near Hassia but from this City more frequently called Stift von Fuld The Territory of the Abbey of Fuld The City is built in a Plain there is in it an Abbey of the Order of S. Bennet one of the noblest in all Europe which has the Civil Government of the City and Territory about it This Abbey was built by Pepin King of France in 784. The Abbot is a Prince and Primate of all the Abbots of the Empire It stands twelve Miles from Coburgh to the West ten from Cassel to the South and eleven from Wurtsburg The Territory of Fuld is of a great extent and is more properly called Buchen bounded on the North by Hassia on the East by the County of Henneberg on the South by Franconia and on the West by the Vpper Hassia § Fuld Fulda a River of Germany which gives Name both to the City and Territory last mentioned it ariseth in this Territory towards Franconia and running Northward watereth Fuld and Hurschfeld in Hassia then entertaining the Eder he passeth by Cassel and at Minden in Westphalia being united with the Wertz and Verra they two form the Weser Visurgis one of the greatest Rivers in Germany which dividing the Dukedom of Breme from the Earldom of Oldenburgh falls into the German Ocean at Carlestad between Emden to the West and Hamburgh to the North-East Fuligno Fullinium or Fulginium a small but pretty City in the Dukedom of Spoleto seated in a Valley at the foot of the Apennine twenty Miles from Perugia to the East and ten from Assisio it is divided by the River Tinna Topino and is under the Pope The Inhabitants boast much of the Antiquity of it not without good reason it being mentioned by Strabo Pliny Appianus Alexandrinus and Silius Italicus This City was rased by those of Perugia in 1281. for which the Inhabitants of the latter were excommunicated by the then Pope Martin II. otherwise called the IV. but recovering its former or a greater beauty it is now a Bishoprick much enriched by its Fairs or Marts every year and their excellent Comfeicts The Learned Leandro is of opinion this City is not the ancient Fulginia but that Forum Flaminii stood in or near the place which being ruined by the Lombards the Todi rebuilt it and called it by this Name for which he cites several Authorities Funchal the chief Town in the Island of Madera It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lisbonne Funf-Kirken See Quinque Ecclesiae Fungte a Kingdom in Africa in Nubia Fuoa Nicii a City of Egypt it lies in the Egyptian Delta or Island made by
Pope Lucius III. adorned with this Archiepiscopal Chair in the Year 1182 at the Request of that Prince who assigned this See a large Revenue and built a stately Palace for the Archbishops Mons Montes Montes Hannoniae the Capital City of the Province of Hainault in the Low Countries called by the Dutch Berghen by the Germans Berg by the French and English Mons Seated upon the River Troville which a little lower falls into the Haisne in the middle between Douay to the West and Namur to the East twelve Miles from either and ten from Brussels to the South-West It is very strongly seated because all the Country about it may be drowned and it is well walled has three deep Trenches about it a Castle in it The publick and private Buildings are very Magnificent many of them adorned with excellent Fountains The French besieged it with an Army of thirty thousand Men in 1678 under the Command of the Duke of Luxemburgh and so strongly retrenched their Army that they despised any Attempt that could be made upon their Camp yet the Prince of Orange coming up to the Relief of this City bravely and resolutely attacked them and by the Valour chiefly of ten thousand English led on by the brave Lord Ossory entered the French Camp with their Swords drawn at high Noon-day the French General very hardly escaping This rich strong populous City defended it self against the encroachment of the French and remained in the hands of the Spaniards till 1691. when the French besieg'd and took it The ancient Counts or Earls of Hainault used the title of Earls of Mons. There is a famous Abbey of Chanonesses in it permitted to marry Mons en Puelle a Village and Castle in the Chastellanie of L'isle in Flanders betwixt the Cities L'isle and Doway where Philip le Bel K. of France fought the Flemings Aug. 18. 1304. and killed of them 25000. Monserat or Montserrat Mons Serratus a Mountain in Catalonia in Spain upon the River Lobregat nine Miles from Barcelone to the South-West very high and steep in the middle of it is a Monastery famous for the Worship of an Image of the Virgin Mary which was found here in 880. Monsoreau a Town in Anjou in France Monstieres a City and an Archbishoprick in Tarantaise in Savoy Mont a Marquisate in the Ecclesiastick State subject to the Pope Montacute a sharp-pointed Hill in the South parts of Somersetshire which has the honour to give the title of a Viscount to the R. H. Francis Brown descended from Anthony Brown created Viscount Montacute in the Reign of Qu. Mary in 1554 which Anthony was descended from Tho. Montacute Earl of Salisbury created Lord Montacute and afterwards Marquess Montacute by K. Edw. IV. Montagnia a considerable City of Natolia upon the Coast of the Sea of Marmora and the Gulph called heretofore Cianus Sinus five Leagues from Bursa accounted to have five or six thousand Inhabitants of Turks Greeks and Jews and by the way of the Gulph entertaining a good Commerce with Constantinople Montaldo a small place in Piedmont subject to the Pope Mont-alcino or Monte Alcino Mons Alcinous and Mons Alcinus a small City in the Territory of Siena under the Great Duke of Tuscany built upon an Hill twenty one Miles from Siena to the South-West and fifty five from Piombino to the North-East A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Siena but exempt from his Jurisdiction Montalto Mons Altus a New City in the Marchia Anconitana in the States of the Church under the Dominion of the Pope upon the River Monocia twelve Miles from Fermo to the South-West and eight from Ascoli to the North A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ferme founded by Pope Sixtus Wwho was born here § There is another Montalto in the Hither Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples which passes for the Vffuguim of Livy A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cozenza § Besides a small Town under the Pope in Italy upon the Confines of Piedmont and the Dukedom of Montferrat Montames Caliabrum once a City of Lusitania and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Merida now a considerable Town in the Province of Estremadura in Spain which has a Castle in the Possession of the Knights of Saint James six Leagues from Merida Montargis Montargium a pleasant City in le Gastinois a Province of France seated upon the River Loing which falls into the Seyne twenty five Leagues from Paris to the South and eighteen from Orleans to the East Being besieged by the English in 1418. it was burnt and rebuilt in the Year 1528. since which time it has been esteemed the Capital of le Gastinois Montauban Montalbanus Mons Aureolus Mons Albanus a City of France in the Province of Quercy in Aquitain in the Confines of Languedoc which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tolose founded by Pope John XXII in 1317. upon the River Tarn eight Leagues from Tolose to the North nine from Caors to the South and ten from Agen to the North-East This is a pleasant great rich populous City generally built with Brick and a very strong Place By the Edict of Nants made in 1599 by Henry IV. this was one of the places put into the Hands of the French Protestants for their Security They quietly enjoyed it till the Year 1621 when it was in vain attempted to take it from them by a potent Siege It had a Brick Bridge upon the River which being much damnified in this Siege was rebuilt in 1667 with a flanting Inscription in Latin Montbelliard See Monbeliar Montblanc Mons Albus a small Town in Catalonia Honored by being made the Title of a Dukedom it stands upon the River Francolinum five Leagues from Tarragona to the North. Montbrison See Monbrison Monte-Cassino See Cassin Monte-Corbino a City of the Kingdom of Naples in Italy of good antiquity It was heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento but in 1433 the See became united with that of Vulturara in the same Kingdom Monte-Falco a Town in the Province of Ombria in Italy near the City Spoleti Monte-Fiascone Mons Physcon a small City in S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy made a Bishops See by Pope Vrban V. It stands upon the Lake of Bolsena Volsinium between Viterbio to the East and Bolsena to the West eight Miles from either of them and twenty from Corneto to the North. with the Bishoprick of which this is united for ever The Wines of this place have ever been in great esteem Monte-Fiore a Town in the Marcha Anconitana in Italy Monte-Leone Mons Leo Hippo Vibo a City and Colony of the Brutii now in the Further Calabria which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza but that Chari was removed to Melito by Pope Gregory VII This place is in a very good estate four Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea twenty from the Ionian Sea and about thirty eight from Cosenza to the South See Melito Some
from Vratislaw to the South and the same distance from Oppeien to the West The Dukedom of Munsterberg lies in Bohemia in the Vpper Silesia now in the possession of the Emperour Bounded by the Dukedom of Grotkaw to the East that of Schweidnitz to the North and Bohemia to the West and South Munsterthal Vallis Monasterii a small Territory in the Canton of Gottespunt amongst the Grisons Munzarrum Taurus a Mountain in the Losser Armenia Muradal or El puerto de Muradal Saltus Castulonensis a passage over the Mountains of Morena leading to New Castile Andaluzia and the Borders of Portugal where Alphonsus King of Castile with the King of Navarre obtained so great a Victory over the Moors as to leave two hundred thousand of them dead upon the place There was heretofore nigh to it a Town called Castulo now a Village by the name of Caslona which gave it the Latin Name of Saltus Castulonensis Murat a small Town in the Province of Auvergne in France upon the River Alagnon at the foot of the Mountains three or four Leagues from S. Flour adorned with the Title of a Viscounty Murrana Crabra a River in Italy which ariseth in Campagnia di Roma and dividing into two Branches one falls into the Teverone two Miles above Rome the other runs through Rome into the Tiber. Murcia a City and a Kingdom in Spain The Kingdom is very small lies on the South of New Castile to which it is now united which bounds it on the North. The Kingdom of Valentia on the East the Kingdom of Granada on the West and the Mediterranean Sea on the South It is called a Kingdom because during its being under the Moors it had distinct Kings for many Ages The chief Cities in it are Carthagena and Murcia the Capital of this Kingdom It is seated on the River Segura in a pleasant Plain in the Confines of the Kingdom of Valentia three Leagues from Orihuela to the West six from Carthagena to the North-West eight from the Mediterranean Sea Retaken from the Moors in 1265. and being a considerable and pleasant place injoys the presence of the Bishop of Carthagena for the most part Muret Muretum a Town in the Province of Gascoigne in Aquitain in France upon the Garonne two Leagues from Tholouse near which Simon Earl of Monfort in 1213. obtained a great Victory over the Albigeois and Arragonois Peter the King of Arragon being there slain together with the Earl of Tholouse and above twenty thousand of their men § Also a small Town in the Province of Limosin in the same Kingdom Muro Muru a small City in the Basiilicate in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza It is seated at the foot of the Appenine in the Confines of the Principate twelve Miles from Cosenza to the North-East and twenty from Acerenza to the West Murray Moravia one of the North-Eastern Shires of the Kingdom of Scotland of great extent from East to West on the North it has the German Ocean and Murray Fyrth on the East Buchan on the South Athole and Marr and on the West Loquaber It is in length ninety Scotch Miles and in its greatest breadth thirty The principal Town is Elgin which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Andrews but he is stiled Bishop of Murray not of Elgin Murray Fyrth Vara a great Arm of the German Ocean which pierceth the Eastern Shoar of Scotland On the North and West it has the County of Ross and on the South Murray and Buchan There is no Town of any consideration upon it except Chaurie Muscovy See Russia Mussidan a Town in the Province of Perigord in France upon the River Lille four or five Leagues from Perigeux famous in the Civil Wars of Religion in the last Age. Mut Vidua a River of Ireland Muya Mulcha the Niger a vast River in Africa Mycone See Micoli Mygdonia a Country of the ancient Macedonia betwixt the Rivers Strymon Stronona Axius Vardari and the Gulph of Aiomana Apollonia Antigonia Amphipalis c. were its principal Cities § The same name was anciently also given to a Country in Mesopotamia lying along the course of the River Mygdonius which watereth the Walls of the City Nifibin and thence runs to the Bed of the Tigris Mycenae an ancient City of the Peloponnesus betwixt Argos and Corinth Otherwise called Agios Adrianos Mylaen Mylias a City of Pamphylia in the Lesser Asia now ruined Myra the ancient name of the City Strumita in Lycia See Strumita Myrbach a small Town in the Vpper Alsatia in Germany remarkable for a famous Abbey which before the possession of this Country by the French had the honour to be an Ecclesiastical Principality immediately dependent of the Emperour Myrlaea Apamia a City of Bythinia in the Lesser Asia upon the South Shoar of the Propontis which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyzicum and still called by its ancient name Mysia a Country of Asia Minor according to the ancient Geography divided into the Greater and Lesser Mysia the former lay betwixt Phrygia Bythinia the Aegean Sea and Mysia the Less as this latter did betwixt Troas and the Hellespont Now wholly contained in Natolia and under the Turks It s principal ancient Cities were Pergamus Trajanopolis Adramyttios Cyzicus Lampsacus c. N O. NAB Nabus a River of Nortgow which ariseth out of the Mountains of Sultzberg near the Fountains of the Main and flowing Northward through Nortgow or the Vpper Palatinate is increased by several smaller Rivers at last ends in the Danube a little above Ratisbone Nabathaei an ancient people of the Stony Arabia descended in the judgment of Isidore from Nabath the Son of Ismael Their Country was bounded by Arabia Deserta on the East Palestine on the South and Arabia Foelix on the North. Their Capital City Petra Being the same people who as Josephus writes were defeated once in a great Fight by Paulus Gabinius sometime Governour of Syria Nadder a River of Wiltshire joining with the Willy at Wilton near Salisbury and there falling into the Avon Nadin a Fortress in the County of Zara in Dalmatta taken from the Venetians by Solyman II. but since retaken by them and kept Naerdem or Narden Nardenum a strong Town in Goeland whereof it is the Capital in Holland upon the Zuyder Sea almost four German Miles from Amsterdam to the East In 1572. suprised and much defaced by the Spaniards In 1672. it fell into the hands of the French but being recovered is now very strongly refortified Nagaia the Kingdom of Astracan in Tartaria Deserta in the Czar's Dominions Some describe it to be a Kingdom or a Hord of Tartars there distinct from Astracan Nagera Nagara a City in Old Castile in the Province of Rusconia by a River of the same name once a Bishops See now translated to Calzada yet honoured with the Title of a Dukedom This City lies thirty Spanish Leagues from Saragoza to the
in cold Blood and in a time of Peace In 1588 the Inhabitants became almost as infamous by the Baracades against Henry III whereby the Life of that Prince was indangered and he driven out of his Royal Palace by a Seditious Subject who made himself the Head of a Faction under the Pretence of Preserving the Religion of his Country In 1589 Henry III. was stabbed by James Clement a Dominican Fryar under the Walls of Paris just as he was upon the point of revenging the Insolence of the Baracades The year 1590 was no less miserable this City being by a Siege reduced by Henry IV. to so dreadful a Famine as is scarce any where else to be read of In the year 1610 the same Streets were stained with the Blood of Henry IV. slain by Râ—villac another Enthusiastick Monk on the same Pretence that his Predecessor was In the year 1649 they suffered the Calamities of another Siege and were forced to comply with the Queen Mother of France by Famine In the year 1622 at the request of King Lewis XIII Pope Gregory XV. raised the Bishop of Paris to the Honour of an Archbishop with three Suffragans under him the Bishops of Chartres Meaux and Orleans In 1674 the Diguity of a Dukedom and Peerdom was added to the Archbishoprick by the present King Lewis XIV This great City is seated on the Seyne forty five Leagues from the British Sea Long. 23. 20. Lat. 48. 38. Charles V. Emperor others write Sigismond used to say he had seen in France one Village Poictiers one City Orleans and one World Paris The City-Walls have eight Gates those of the University nine The Houses are computed to about fifty thousand there is a great number of Hospitals Abbeys Monasteries Ecclesiastical Seminaries Churches and Palaces amongst which latter the Louvre obtainâ— the Preeminence begun by King Philip the August in 1214 and since by times gloriously enlarged and adorned by Charles V. Francis I. Henry II. Charles IX Henry IV. Lewis XIII and XIV Many Councils have been celebrated here whereof the eldest and one of the most remarkable is that about the year 362 against the Arrians held by S. Hilary Bishop of Poictiers The Territory about this City has the name of Parisis reaching heretofore as far as to Pontoise one way and to Claye towards la Brie another And our Author reports that the Villages and Castles in the space of ten Leagues round amount to the number of ten thousand Parita a Town of New Spain with an Harbour on the South Sea in the Province of Veragna which gives Name to the Bay on which it stands Parma a River of Lombardy in Italy which springeth out of the Appennine in the Borders of the States of Genoua towards Pontremali and running North through the Dukedom of Parma watereth the Capital City of it and ten Miles lower falls into the Po. Parma a City and Colony of the Boii as it is called by Strabo and Pliny now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Balogna having been under the Archbishop of Ravenna It stands upon a River of the same Name in a fruitful and well watered Country ten Miles from the Po to the South thirty five from Modena to the East and from Pidcenza to the West A great rich populous City adorned with a strong Castle and a Noble Palace in which the Duke of Parma resides In the year 1599 there was an University opened here The Emperor Frederick Barberousse besieged this City two years together without success It is about three Miles in compass Has an Academy of the Ingenious settled in it called Gli innominati and in 1602 there was a Synod assembled here The Dukedom of Parma Parmensis Ditio Lo Stato del Duca di Parma or il Parmegiano is a part of Lombardy bounded on the North and West by the Dukedom of Milan on the East by that of Modena and on the South by the States of Genoua The Dukedom of Piacenza the Val di Taro and the Estates di Busseto are contained in the Estates of this Duke The principal Cities in it are Parma Borgo S. Donino Fiorenzuola Piaenza and Briscello This Dukedom was erected by Pope Paul III. in in favour of Peter Lewis Farnese his Son whom the Emperor Charles V. disturbed in the Possession thereof for some time in the year 1545. called before his Elevation Alexander Farnese Parnassus a celebrated Mountain in Phocis in Achaia now Livadia consecrated to Apollo and the Muses near to Citheron and Helicon It is now called by the Inhabitants Liacoura about twelve English Miles from the Gulph of Lepanto to the North between Leucadia to the East and Delphi to the West fifty Miles from Corinth to the North-West § There â—has also been in Cappadocia in Asia Minor an Episcopal City of this Name Parnaw Parnavia a City in Livonia subject to the Crown of Sweden in the Province of Esthonia seated at the Mouth of a River of the same Name upon the Bay of Riga fifty five Miles from Revel to the South and from Riga to the North. The Maps place it twenty German Miles from each of them It is little but well fortified has a Castle and an Haven It belonged at first to the Poles but in the last Century was often taken and retaken till 1617 the Swedes finally possessed themselves of it and have kept it ever since Long. 46. 00. Lat. 57. 20. There belongs to it a small Territory or District called by the Poles Woiewodz two Parnawskie which together with the Town is now in the Hands of the Swedes Paropamisus Paropanisus and Paropanissadae a Country and People of the ancient Persia which lay betwixt Bactriana Aria India and Arachosia Ptolemy calls them by divers Names and makes them an extremely savage People Curtius adds they had no Communication with other Nations and that Alexander's Army suffered very much in their Country which was cold and barren It is placed by Moderns in part in the Province of Candahar in Persia and in part in that of Cabul in the East-Indies § A Mountain in this Country did anciently bear the same Name which the Writers of Alexander's Life miscall Caucasus Paros Paro or Pario one of the Islands Cyclades in the Aegean Sea which hath been in all times of paricular Renown for its White Marble The Ancients give it the several Names of Demetrias Pactya Minoa c. It was heretofore in the Possession of the Venetians and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rhodes But in 1470 the Turks became Masters of it Parret a River in Somersetshire the most considerable next to the Avon in the whole County Bridgewater South-Petherton and Crokehorn stand upon it and Longport near it Parshore or Pershore a great Thorough-fare Market Town in Worcestershire upon the River Avon which it covers with a Bridge The Capital of its Hundred Enriched heretofore with an Abbey Parthenai Partheniacum a City in Poictou in France upon the River Tove in the
Brandenburgh are Camin Colburgh and Stratgard Klein Pommeren Pomerania Parva the Little Pomerania or the Palatinate of Pomerania is that part of Pomerania which long since was given to the Crown of Poland called by the Poles Woiewodztwo Pomorskie and for the most part included in Prussia Bounded on the West by that part of Pomerania which is under the Duke of Brandenburgh on the North by the Baltick Sea the River Vistula to the East by which it is separated from the rest of Prussia and the greater Poland to the South The principal City in it is Dantzick Pommerelle or the Dukedom of Pommeren is a part of the Eastern Pomerania which is under the Duke of Brandenburgh Bounded on the East by Cassubia and the Marquisate of Brandenburgh by the Baltick Sea on the North the Oder on the West and the Dukedom of Stetin on the South The Great Towns in it are Stargart Camin and Treptow Pompeiopolis an ancient City of Cilicia in Asia Minor to which Pompey the Great imparted his name as Trajan afterward also did that of Trasanopolis It has been honoured since Christianity with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia But now become a miserable Town called according to some Palesali § There was a second in Paphlagonia which received Pompey's name after his defeat of Mithridates King of Pontus having before been called Eupatoria This latter became an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Now wholly ruined Pons a Town of France in the Province of Saintonge upon the River Seugne which falls in the Charante below Sainctes It gives its name to a Neighbouring Forest and likewise to an honourable Family of France In Latin apud Pontes Pont à Mouson Mussipontum Mussipons a Town in Lorain in the Dukedom of Bar upon the Moselle five Leagues from Nancy to the North six from S. Michael and five from Toul it has been well fortified but at present dismantled and made an University in which there is a Scotch College of the foundation of Pope Gregory XIII It gives the Title of a Marquess hath two Abbeys and divers Churches Pont de l' Arche Pons Arcus Pons Arcuensis a City in Normandy in the Bishoprick of Roan which has a strong Castle and a Stone Bridge upon the Seine which here receives the Eure and the Andele built by Charles the Bald. It stands three Leagues above Roan to the South and was the first Town that surrendred it self to Henry IV. after his advancement to the Crown of France Pont Andemer or Ponteau-de-Mer Pons Audomari a small City in Normandy upon the River Rille two Leagues from its Mouth and ten from Roan to the West surprised by the Leaguers in 1592. but soon after returned to the King In 1279 a Council was assembled here Pont Beauvoisin Pons Bellovicinus a Town in Dauphine upon the River Guyer here covered with a Bridge which gives it this name and separates the Province of Dauphine from Savoy Pont de Ce Pontes Caesaris a Town in the Dukedom of Anjou upon the Loyre over which it has a very long Bridge and had once a very strong Castle One League from Angiers to the South At this Town the Troops of Lewis XIII under Mareschal de Crequi defeated those of the Queen Mother Maria de Medicis in 1620. Pont du Gard Pons Vardonis or Gardonis three Bridges built one over the other over the River Gardon for the continuing an Aquaduct to Nismes The lowest having six Arches the second twelve and the highest thirty four a thing of great Antiquity It stands in the middle between Avignon to the East and Nismes to the West four Leagues from the latter The Learned Dr. Brown in his Travels gives the Figure of this wonderful Work and assures us that the top of it is one hundred and eighty six Foot above the Water of the River Pont Eau de Mer a Town in Normandy the same with Pont Audemer Pont l' Eveque Pons Episcopi a Town in Normandy near Caen upon the River Leson three Leagues from Lisieux and two from the Sea It is noted for good Cheese Pont-Oise Pontesium Pontisara Aesiae pons and Pons ad Oesiam a Town in the Isle of France which has a Stone-Bridge over the River Oise and an English Nunnery six Leagues from Paris to the North-West towards Roan Taken by the English in the Year 1417 and recovered by the French in the Year 1442 after a Siege of six weeks It was also taken and retaken in 1589. successively by King Henry III. and the Duke of Mayenne In 1561. in the beginning of the Reign of Charles IX the Estates of the Kingdom were assembled here It hath a Castle with divers Churches and Monasteries giving the title of a Viscount Situated in the Territory of Vexin Francois at the Confluence of the Oyse and Seine Pont Orson Pons Vrsonis a Town in the Confines of Normandy and Bretagne in France upon the River Couesnon which a little lower falls into the British Sea between Auranches to the East and Dole to the West two Leagues from Mount S. Michael Pont S. Esprit Pons Sancti Spiritus a City of France in the Lower Languedoc which has a Castle and a Stone Bridge over the River Rhosne of an extraordinary structure Three Leagues from Viviers to the South and seven from Avignon to the North. Pont S. Maixance Pons Sanctae Maxentiae a Town in the Government of the Isle of France in the Duchy of Valois upon the Oyse here covered with a Bridge three Leagues from Senlis Pont-Pool a Market Town in Monmouthshire betwixt the Hills of chief note for Iron Mills Pontefract or Pomfret a pleasant neat Borough and Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Osgodcross situated upon a stream a little below the confluence of the Warfe and the Are. Formerly ennobled with a Castle Royal mounted on an ascent with Ditches and Bulwarks which was in the long Rebellion demolished K. Richard II. after his resignation of the Crown was murdered in that Castle The Borough returns two Parliament Men. Pontieu or Ponthieu Ponticum Pontinia a County in Picardy which lies towards the Mouth of the Somme between the Chanche and the County of Bologne to the North and the Somme to the South The chief Towns in it are Abbeville Monstrevil Rue Pont S. Remi and Cleri This County was confirmed to the Crown of England by Eleanor of Castile Countess of Ponthieu Daughter to Ferdinand III. King of Castile her Marrying to Edward I. King of England Being afterwards enjoyed by K. Edward II. and III. and never finally re-united to the Crown of France till the Reign of Charles VII when the English quite lost their Dominions in that Kingdom Pontion or Pont-Yon Pontigo an ancient Royal House belonging to the Kings of France in the Territory of Parthois in Champaigne two Leagues from Vitri le Brûlé where Charles the Bald assembled a Council in 876. Some have mistaken it for
Taro takes its course to the Po. The Towns Campiano and Borgo di Val di Taro stand in this Principate Pristina a large City in Bulgaria situated in the midway between Nissa and Vscopia Taken by the Imperialists in the year 1689. Prochita or Procida an Island three Miles in compass on the Coast of Terra di Lavoro near the Bay of Naples which has a fine Castle and a Monastery Propontis the Sea betwixt Asia Minor and Thrace now called the Sea of Marmora See Marmora La Provence Provincia one of the Southern Provinces of France The first part of France which the Romans conquered and reduced into the form of a Roman Province from whence it has its Name Provincia Romana In those times it was bounded on the East by the Maritim Alpes on the South by the Mediterranean Sea on the West by the Rhosne and on the North by the Vocontii Caturiges and Ebroduntii three Gallick Tribes or Nations within which bounds it contained all these other Tribes the Cavares the Salii Desviates Albici Mimeni and Oxybii It is now much less than it was then but still one of the greatest Provinces in France bounded on the North by the Dauphine on the East by the Alpes and the County of Nizza on the West by Languedoc cut off by the Rhosne and on the South by the Mediterranean Sea From East to West from the Rhosne to the Var forty four Leagues from North to South thirty two in Circuit one hundred fifty eight as Honorate de Bouche has shewn in a very exact Description of it lately published The Capital of this Province is Aix the other Cities are Antibe Arles Avignon Carpentras Digne Dragugnan Frejus Grasse Marseille Orange Sisteron Tarascon Toulon Voison The Rivers Rhosne Var Durance Verdon Argens c. water it This Province was conquered by the Romans before Julius Caesar entered France upon the complaint of the Marsilians against the Salians M. Fulvius Flaccus was sent with an Army against them in the year of Rome 627. one hundred twenty three years before the Birth of our Saviour and the War was ended by Fabius Maximus in 632. It continued under the Romans till the year of Christ 411. when it was granted to Atholphus King of the Goths with Placidia a Sister of the Emperour Honorius by that Prince Theodorick expelled this Nation in 462. and brought it under the Ostrogoths or Goths of Italy from whom it passed to Theodobert King of Metz a Frank about 549. by the Grant of the Emperour Justinian From these it passed to Rodolph Duke of Burgundy and in 876. Hugh de Arles obtained this Province of Boson King of Burgundy by the Title of Earl of Provence It continued under Earls with the changes of Families till 1481. when Charles Earl of Maine the last Earl of Provence gave it to Lewis XI King of France his Cousin German from which time it has been united to the Crown of France There were in this Province three other small States not subject de Jure to the Crown of France as Avignon under the Pope Nizza under the Duke of Savoy and Orange under the Prince of Orange Provins Provinum a Town sometime the Capital of la Brie in France upon the River Vousie whence the Province-Roses take their denomination It has been understood by some to be the Agendicum of the Ancients Prusa See Bursa Besides which two other ancient Episcopal Cities in Bithynia in the Lesser Asia have their Names remembred by Strabo Pliny and Ptolemy Said to be now called Cheris and Barech Prussia Borussia Pruthenia a great and fruitful Province of the Kingdom of Poland which is a Dukedom called by the Inhabitants Prouss by the Poles Prussy by the Germans Preussen and by the Italians Prussia Bounded on the North by the Baltick Sea on the West by Pomerania on the South by Poland and Mazovia on the East by Lithuania Samogitia This Province was at first under Sovereign Dukes of its own after that under the Knights of the Teutonick Order who in 1228. began a long and bloody War towards the Conquest of it in 1454. the Western part was lost from that Order being subdued by the Poles In 1500. the Grand Master of the Order triumphed over the Moscovites that had fallen upon Prussia and Lithuania In 1525. the Eastern part submitted to the Crown of Poland too Albert Marquess of Brandenburg the thirty fourth and last Master of that Order doing Homage and obtaining from that Crown the Eastern part with the Title of Duke of Prussia It stands now divided into two parts called the Regal and the Ducal Prussia in the first are Dantzick Marienburg Elbing and Thorn in the second are Koningsberg and Memel The Regal Prussia Dantzick excepted was yielded by a Treaty in 1655. to the Crown of Sweden The Ducal is under the Duke of Brandenburgh who farmes the Amber-Fishery along the Coast of the Baltick Sea in this Province at eighteen or twenty thousand Crowns a year Pruth Porata Hierasius a River of Moldavia which arising in Red Russia entereth Walachia and watereth Jaczy the Capital of that Province and at last falleth into the Danube Pruym or Prume Prumia a Castle Town and Monastery in Germany of the Order of S. Benedict in the Forest of Ardenne built by Pepin King of France in the year 760. It stands upon a River of the same Name which falls into the Saar betwixt the Electorate of Trier and the Dutchy of Luxemburgh seven Leagues to the North from Trier and six from Limburg to the South Lotharius the Emperour Son of Lewis the Debonnaire resigning the Imperial Dignity died a Monk in this Monastery in 855. In 1576. the Territory belonging to the Abbey which till then had been subject to the â—bot of this House only fell under the Elect of Trier whose Successors are ever since the pectual Administrators of this Jurisdiction confirm therein by the Diet at Ratisbone in 1654. which extends to some Villages about this Monastery Przemysl Premislia a City of the Kingdom of Poland upon the River san in Red Russia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lemburg and sixteen Polish Miles from Sandomir to the South and eighteen from Lemburg to the West It stands upon an Hill well peopled and in a flourishing state Psylli an ancient people of Libya in Africa described by Suetonius Herodotus Gellius c. to have had a particular art at expelling and mortifying of Poisons whence Augustus Caesar desiring to preserve Cleopatra for a Triumph caused these Psylli to suck the Poison out of her But too late Ptolemais See Aca. Ptolemais Cyrenaica one of the five Cities of the ancient Pentapolis in the Kingdom of Egypt which was a Bishops See of great note heretofore in the Person of Synesius its Bishop who in 411. assembled a Council at it for the excommunication of Andronicus Prefect of the Country The modern Name of it is Tolometa
of great Capacity secured by the Island of Lacroma The City out of which this sprung was called Epidaurus from its Founders six Miles more to the East where the place of its ruins is called Ragusi Vecchio the Old Ragusa It did pay a Tribute of twelve thousand five hundred Hungarian Duckats to the Grand Seignior but had several Privileges in recompence by way of Trade and ten Colonies in Servia Bulgaria and Thrace besides so that this was no hard Condition Yet in 1686. they sent Ambassadors to the Emperor and desired to be received into his Protection About the Year 1634. and in 1667. this City suffered much by an Earthquake The Territory of Ragusano belonging to it is about a hundred Miles in length from the North-East to the South-West but not above twenty five Miles broad having only two or three Towns more in it Granted to this City by Stephen King of Bosnia in 1333. Long. 42. 52. Lat. 42. 50. The Senate of this Republick is constituted of sixty Senators under one Rector or Duke of whom and of their liberty they are so exceeding jealous that our Accounts tell us they change him every month not suffering the wearing of a Sword or a Mans lying from his own house without advising the Senate nor opening the City Gates above three or four hours in the day in Summer and in the Winter the half thereof and for strangers especially Turks they secure them all the Night in their Lodgings They fear the Turks hate the Venetians honour the Pope Emperor and King of Spain and pay tribute to all Il fume di Ragusa Hirminius a River on the South of Sicily so called from a Town it washeth it falls into the African Sea between Camerino to the West and Cape Passaro to the East sometimes called il Mauli Raithe a desart near the Mountain Sinai in the Stony Arabia or as others place it in the Kingdom of Egypt much visited and inhabited by the religious Anchorites of the 13th Century Rain Raina a strong Town in the Dukedom of Bavaria in the Borders of Schwaben at the Confluence of the Lech and the Danube two German Miles from Donawert to the East and a little more from Newburgh Often taken and retaken in the Swedish War and now rebuilding § There is another Town of the same name in Stirïa in the Borders of Carniola and Croatia upon the Save twenty five Miles from Cilley to the East and twenty two from Metling to the North. Rakouick Raconicum a City of Germany near the River Miza seven German Miles from Prague to the West thirteen from Egra and seven from Litomierske or Leutmeritz Rama or Ramia the name of the Kingdom of Bosnia in the Royal Title of the Kings of Hungary which has been used by them ever since 1138 when Bela Caecus King of Hungary Possessed that Kingdom or at least a part of it There is still a River in that Kingdom of this name which falls into the Narenta and gives the same name to a small Territory as it passeth Rama or Ramatha a City of the Tribe of Ephraim afterwards a part of Samaria now called Ramola by the Turks It stands ten Miles from Joppe to the East and thirty from Jerusalem almost entirely ruined Ramoth or Ramath-Mispeh as it is written Josh 13. 26. was one of the three Cities of Refuge appointed by Moses in the Case of accidental Manslaying Deut. 4. 43. It belonged to the Tribe of Gad standing near the Mountain and in the Territory of Gilead in the Region of Trachonites in Palestine as the Romans named that Country Rampano Biandyna a Town formerly now only a Castle on the South of the Morea at the Mouth of the River of Eurotas It gives name to a Bay formerly called Sinus Laconicus now the Gulph de Castel Rampano on the East of Cape Malio Ramsey Limnos a small Island in the Irish Sea called by the Welsh Lymen It lies upon the Coast of South Wales three Miles from St. Davids § Also a Market Town in Huntingdonshire in the Hundred of Hurstington towards Cambridgeshire near a meer of its own name and another called Whitlesey each affording plenty of Fish and Fowl together with the Rivers watering them It stands amongst the rich grounds of the Fens and had heretofore an Abbey of vast wealth to boast of till its dissolution by King Henry VIII Ranals Ocetis one of the Isles of Orkney ten Miles from the Coast of Scotland Rangnitz Ragnitia a City in the Kingdom of Poland in the Ducal Prussia upon the River Russe in the Borders of Samogithia sixteen Polish Miles from Komingsberg to the East Under the Elector of Brandenburgh Raolconda a City in the Kingdom of Golconde in the Hither East-Indies on this side the Bay of Bengala five days journey from the City Golconde Raon a River of Germany which falls into the left Branch of the Moselle Raperswyl Rapersvilla a Town in Switzerland which has a very ancient Castle on the Lake of Zurich between it and the Upper Lake five German Miles from Zurich to the North-East So seated that it is only approachable by a Timber Bridge and having been taken in 1458. by the Swiss though often attempted could never be recovered out of their Hands Rapin Rapidus a small River in Lorain Rapin a Town and Earldom in Germany of the same name eight Miles from Havelberg to the East and nine from Berlin to the North. Rapoe Rapa once a City now a Village in the Province of Vlster in the County of Dungal which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Armagh but united to that of Derry from which it stands twelve Miles to the West forty from Dungal and forty five from Armagh to the South-West Rapolla Rapalla or Rapello a small ill-peopled City in the Basilicate in the Kingdom of Naples twenty Miles from Conza to the East It was anciently a Bishops See but in 1528. Pope Clement VII united this See to that of Melfi for ever § There is another Town and a Bay upon the Coast of Genoua of this name Raschit the same with Rosetto Rascia the same with Servia a large Province under the Turk or rather a part of that Province as others say which takes its name from a River that passeth through this District into Moravia The principal Towns of it are Belgrade Semendria and Columbach Brietius cited by Baudrand saith this was once a distinct Kingdom I am sure the Rascians have suffered very much in the present War and when the Turk in 1687. deserted Possega they put some thousands of these Rascians to the Sword for resusing to go with them and Plundred all the rest These were the ancient Scordisci Raseborg Raseburgum a small City in Finland under the Swedes in the Province of Nyland which has a large Haven on the Bay of Finland and seated on the Borders of South-Finland Rasen Market a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Walshcroft so called for its
Brabant in the Borders of Guelderland four Leagues from Bosleduc Which belongs with its Territory to the Duke of Newburgh but in the custody of the Vnited Netherlands The Cittadel that did stand here in the times of the Dukes of Cleves its former Masters was demolished by the Articles of a Treaty passed betwixt William Duke of Cleves and Juliers and the Emperor Charles V. Rayleigh a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Rochford Re Rea Reacus an Island on the Coast of Saintonge in Aquitain near the Pais d' Aunis in the Diocese of the Bishop of Rochelle three Leagues from Rochelle to the West The principal Town of it is S. Martin once a place of great strength near which the English received a great defeat from the French in 1627 whilst they attempted the Relief of Rochelle There is now a considerable Fort standing to secure it a high Watch-Tower upon the Coast built by Lewis XIV called la Tour des Baleines to lighten the road and prevent the dangers of the Shelfes adjacent of that name It yields vast plenty of Wine yearly Rea a Stream in Shropshire Reading the best Town in Berkshire seated upon the Thames where it receives the Kennet with several Bridges over those two Rivers which had anciently a Castle and a noble Church both ruined in Mr. Cambden's time The Danes about 845. made this place the Seat of their Rapines and were hardly expelled by Aethelwolph King of Mercia Being Garrisoned for the King in the beginning of the late Troubles it was taken by the Earl of Essex April 26. 1643 after a Siege of ten days and was ever after a great vexation to the City of Oxford then the Kings Head Quatters The County Assizes usually are here kept It is a well inhabited Town contains three Parishes the Capital of its Hundred and a Corporation besides represented by two Members in the House of Commons Recanati Recinetum Recina Nova a City in the Marchia Anconitana in Italy which has sprung out of the ruines of the ancient Helvia Recina and whose See was united with that of Loretto in 1591. Recif a strong Fort in Brasil called by the Portuguese Reciffa it stands near the City of Olinda in the Province of Pernambuck for some time in the Hands of the Hollanders till the Portuguese in 1654. retook it Reculver a Sea Town in the County of Kent in Augustine Lath some Miles North of Conterbury Deserving to be particularly taken notice of for the Palace and Residence of Ethelbert the first Christian Saxon King of Kent here in former times The high Spire of the Church makes a good Sea mark The Red Sea Mare Rubrum Erythroeum Azanium Arabicus Sinus is a Branch of the Indian or Aethiopian Ocean which parts Arabia from Africa and Egypt running from North to South above twelve hundred Miles The Arabians call this Sea Buhriel Calzem the Sea of Calzem from a City of that name towards the North it is not above eight or nine Miles over as Mr. Thevenot observes who Travelled on its Shoars five days It is narrow and full of Rocks therefore dangerous to Sailers for which and other reasons now not much frequented since the way to the Indies was discovered by the Ocean This Sea will be famous to all Ages upon the account of the Children of Israels passing it on dry Ground when they went up out of Egypt Redford East a Market Town in Nottinghamshire in the Hundred of Northclay upon the River Iddel Rednitz Radiantia a River of Franconia which ariseth in Nortgow in the Borders of the Upper Palatinate near Weissenburgh and besides some smaller Rivers beneath Norimburgh it receives the Pegnitz and a little beneath Bamberg falls into the Mayn or Meyn Rees Reesium a small City formerly well fortified in the Dukedom of Cleves upon the Rhine and Garrisoned by the Hollanders tho it belonged to the Duke of Brandenburgh Being taken by the French in 1672 in 1674. it was restored to that Duke but dismantled by the French it stands three German Miles from Wesel to the North and the same distance from Cleve to the East Regen Reginus a River in Germany which ariseth in Nortgow in the Borders of Bohemia and flowing through the Upper Palatinate falls into the Danube at Ratisbon in Bavaria which City is from this River sometimes called Reginum Regenspurg the same with Ratisbon Reggio Regium Lepidi a City in the Dukedom of Modena which is a Bishops See once under the Archbishop of Ravenna but now under the Archbishop of Bononia It stands between Parma to the West and Modena to the East fifteen Miles from either The Capital of a Dukedom now possessed by the Duke of Modena and the second City of note in the estate of that Duke being great and strong accompanied with a good Cittadel The Goths and other Barbarians ruined it divers times But Charles the Great repair'd it Reggio or Regge Rhegium Julium or Rigio a City of the Further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples called d' Rijo by the Spaniards which is an Archbishops See upon the Shoars of the Streights of Sicily at the most Southern point of Italy in a fruitful Plain Built by the Chalcidians in the year of the World 3279. eighty two years after Rome it flourished many years in the condition of a free State till at last it fell into the Hands of the Sicilian Tyrant Dionysius after a Siege of eleven Months This Prince began his Reign in the year of Rome 360. and Reigned thirty eight years but I cannot assign the year of this Action The City lay little regarded from that time till Julius Caesar rebuilt it and made it a Roman Colony calling it Rhegium Julium after which it is frequently mentioned in the Latin Historians At this day it is very considerable though it has been several times surprized and Plundered by the Mahometans particularly in 1552. Long. 40. 12. Lat. 37. 05. Regillus a Lake in the Territory of the ancient Tusculum in Latium now in the Campagna di Roma in the States of the Church by the name of Castiglione betwixt the City Tivoli and la Cava deli ' Aglio The Victory of Aulus Posthumius over King Tarquin the last King of the Romans after the deposition of him was obtained near this Lake Reims Remi Durocortorum Civitas Remensis Civitas Duricortora Remorum is a very ancient great fine populous City of France in the Province of Champagne and an Archbishops See a Dukedom and an University which latter was Instituted by the Cardinal of Guise in the Reign and by the permission of Henry II. King of France The Archbishop is always the first Duke and Peer of France claims the Right of Anointing the King accordingly the Holy Ampoul or Viol of Oil which an Angel brought from Heaven at the Coronation of the first Christian King of France is ever kept in the Abbey of S. Remy here This City stands upon the River
one Channel near the City Teneriffa in the Province of S. Martha falling afterwards into the North Sea § Also a Government in Brasil Rioga Rivogia a Province in Spain which was a part of Navarre but now annexed to Old Castile it is divided from Alava by the Douro and lies between Old Castile and Navarre The principal Towns of which are Calzada Legrono Najara and Belorado Riom Riomum Ricomagum a City in the Lower Auvergne in France two Leagues from Clermont to the North in a flourishing State The Capital of Auvergne adorned with a College of Oratorians of the Foundation of Lewis XIV an antient Abbey built in the beginning of the seventh Century two Hospitals and divers Churches and religious Communities Genebrard and Sirmondus the learned Jesuit were produced by this Place Ripa de Transona a small but elegant City in the Marquisate of Ancona under the Pope and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Fermo It stands five Miles from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea the same from the Borders of the Kingdom of Naples and ten from Fermo Pope Pius V. made it a Bishops See in 1571. Ripaille a Town in Savoy upon the Lake of Geneva Ripen Ripa a City in the Kingdom of Denmark in South Jutland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden and has a convenient Harbor upon the German Ocean at the Mouth of the River Nipsick and a Fortress five Miles from Hadersleben to the West and eight from Flensburgh to the South-West This Bishoprick was founded by Balatand King of Denmark in 950. Christopher I. King of Denmark died here in 1259. The City was taken by the Swedes in 1645 but since recovered by the Danes Ripley a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Claro upon the River Nyd Rippon Rhidogunum a Town in Yorkshire in the West Riding in the Hundred of Claro of good Antiquity near the Youre over which it has a Bridge Adorned with a Collegiate Church with three lofty Spires and antiently with a stately Monastery built by Wilfride Archbishop of York till the Danes destroy'd it with the Town Yet Odo Archbishop of Canterbury repaired it again and translated the Reliques of the holy Founder to Canterbury There is a narrow hole in a Vault under ground in the Church called S. Wilfride's Needle It is one of the best Towns in the County well inhabited and of note particularly for making good Spurs Having the Privilege to be a Corporation also represented by two Members in the House of Commons Risano Formio a River of Carniola the upper part of which is called by the Germans Alben the lower by the Italians Risano It springeth out of the Alpes from Mount Ocra in Carniola towards the Lake of Lugea or Czirknitzerzee and flowing Westward through Istria falls by the Bay of Trieste into the Adriatick Sea six Miles from Trieste and two North of Capo di Istria Risano Rhizana a City of Dalmatia mentioned by Ptolemy Pliny and Polybius which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza under the Dominion of the Turks and accordingly much depopulated and ruined It stands forty Miles from Raguza towards Scodra from which thirty Long. 45. 15. Lat. 42. 00. Risborough a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Aylesbury Risenbergh a Mountain in the Eastern parts of Bohemia out of which the Elbe springeth Rivadava or Rivadeo a City of Gallicia in Spain called by the French Rivedieu it stands upon the Bay of Biscay in the Borders of Asturia at the bottom of an Hill and the Mouth of the River Navius which affords it the convenience of a Port fourteen Spanish Leagues from Oviedo to the West and four from Mondonedo Rivera di Genoua Liguria Littorea is a Country in Italy bounded on the West by the Maritime Alpes by which it is divided from France on the East by the River Magra by which it is divided from Hetruria or Tuscany on the North by the Apennine and on the South by the Mediterranean Sea here called the Ligurian Sea In the middle of it stands the City of Genoua which divides it into the Eastern and Western This is now under the States of Genoua by whom a great part of the Western Division is destinated more to pleasure than profit the rich Genoueses having filled it with Country-Houses where they spend the pleasant time of the Summer and Autumn in noble Palaces and delightful Gardens The Eastern Division supplies them with as much Wine as they need and an extraordinary plenty of good Oil. The principal Place in the Western is Aranza once an inconsiderable Village lately a Place of great Trade and Wealth having sixty Sail of Ships trading into all parts of the World but their Shipping is now declining The principal Place in the Eastern is Sarazana a Town of great strength Rivoli Rivolium a small Town in Piedmont called by the French Rivoles It stands upon the River Doria eight Miles from Turin to the West and has one of the most sumptuous Castles in Piedmont Roan Rotomagus the Capital City of Normandy called by the French Rouen by Caesar and the other ancient Historians Vrbs Velocassium It is an Archbishops See and the Seat of the Parliament of Normandy Great rich populous well built in all respects one of the best Cities in France and thought by some to be the greatest next to Paris It stands upon the Seyne which affords it a noble Harbor and a great Trade at the foot of an Hill twelve Miles above Dieppe and twenty eight beneath Paris with a Bridge upon the Seyne for the convenience of a Land Trade It has an old Castle called the Palace in which the Dukes of Normandy kept their Court and is about seven Miles in compass having besides what lies within the Walls six very great Suburbs and containing in the whole thirty five Parishes with thirty four Monasteries for Men and Women The Castle on S. Catharines Hill is now intirely ruined This City is said by Vitalis lib. 5. to be built by Julius Caesar Valesius proves it one of the most ancient Cities of France and that in the times of Theodosius the Great it was esteemed as a City of the highest rank Taken by the Normans in 889 and assigned to Rollo first Duke of Normandy in 912 when Rollo became a Christian It continued under his Posterity fourteen Descents In 1019. it suffered very much by fire Taken from John King of England by Philip the August King of France in 1204 after it had been in the Hands of the Normans three hundred and sixteen years This City continued under the French till 1418 When the English under Henry V. retook it after a bloody Siege Charles VII of France recovered it to that Crown in 1449. In the times of the late Civil Wars of France it was taken and sacked by the Hugonots in 1562 but recovered after the Battel of Dreux and plundered by the Royal Party Anthony of
in the 7th Century the Gospel in divers Places in Switzerland especially in the Territory of Torgaw where having refused an Offer of the Bishoprick of Constance made to him he retired at length to his Solitudes in this place which became the Seat of an Abbey from him enriched since vastly by the Donations of the Kings of France and the Emperors The City stands upon an Eminence not great but well built and much traded for its fine Linnen Works called Galles or Gawse from it Betwixt the Abbey and the City there is a common Gate fastned by the Burgesses on the one side and the Abbot on the other The City antiently did depend in many things upon the Abbey as having received its total rise from it but at present they each enjoy their separate Sovereignties S. Galmier a small Town in the County of Foretz in the Government of Lionnois remarked for a Fountain of Allum-Water there S. Georgio de Mina Arx Sancti Georgii a Castle upon the Coste d'Or in Guinee in Africa betwixt the Cape of three Points and Cape Corso which has a Town built by the Portuguese in 1481 and a large and safe Port or Haven within a few years past taken by the Dutch S. Germain on Laye Fanum Sancti Germani in Laya a Town and Royal Castle in the Isle of France seated upon an high Hill by the Seine having two magnificent Palaces one new of the foundation of Henry le Grand the other ancient built by Charles V continued under the English in the time of their French Conquests and repaired by Francis I. King of France whither the Kings of France frequently retire The Court of K. James II. of England and Qu. Mary his Consort is kept here It is four Leagues from Paris to the West Henry II. King of France was born here in 1518. Charles IX in 1550. Lewis XIV now King of France in 1638 who has added divers great Ornaments to i◠And it is no less famous for a Peaco made here in 1679 between the Kings of France and Sweden and the Elector of Brandenburgh S. Germain Lembrum a small City in Auvergne near the River Allier in the Tract de Lembrun two Leagues from Issoire eight from Clermont to the South and the same from S. Flour to the North-East S. Germains a Corporation in the County of Cornwal in East Hundred represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons S. Gewer S. Gower Fanum Sancti Goari a Town upon the Rhine in the County of Catzenellobogen in the Borders of the Bishoprick of Trier four Miles above Coblentz to the South which belongs to the Landgrave of Hassia Rhinefeld S. Gilles a Town in the Lower Languedoc in France one League from the Rhosne betwixt Beaucaire and Arles upon a Rivulet In Latin Fanum Sancti Aegidii and Palatium Gothorum in some Authors It has been taken for the Anatolia of Pliny and likewise for the Heraclea of the same Pliny and Antoninus The Huguenots gave the Roman Catholicks a Defeat near it in 1562. S. Gothard Adula the highest part of the Alpes between the Switzers and the Dukedom of Milan The French call it S. Godard § Also an Abbey of the Lower Hungary upon the River Raab and the Frontiers of Stiria two Miles from Kerment betwixt which and Kerment the Turks receiv'd a bloody Defeat in 1664. S. Hubert a City and Bishoprick in the Dukedom of Luxembourgh S. Jago a City of Africa in an Island of the same Name well fortified and made a Bishops See by the Portuguese under whom it is taken and plundered by Sir Francis Drake in 1585. This is one of the Islands of Cape Verde About forty five Leagues long ten broad and ninety five or a hundred in Circumference It produces great quantities of Salt S. Jago a City on the South Shoar of the Isle of Cuba which has a safe Port and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Domingo S. Jago de Compostella See Compostella S. Jago de Chili Fanum Sancti Jacobi a City in South America at the foot of the Mountain Andes built by the Spaniards by the River Maipus fifteen Leagues from the South Sea Made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of la Plata It is the Capital of the Kingdom of Chili S. Jago del Estero the capital City of Tucumania a Country in South America seated upon the River Estero a hundred and seventy Leagues from Potosi which is a Bishop's See under the Dominion of the Spaniards S. Jago de Guatimala a City of New Spain in North America which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico S. Jean de Angely or D'Angery Angeracum Ageriacum Engeriacum fanum S. Johannis Angeriaci a celebrated Town in Saintonge in France upon the River Boutonne two Leagues from the Borders of Poictou and seven from Saintes to the North. Heretofore very strongly fortified and in 1562. desended against the Huguenots who taking it in a second Attempt encreased its strength by adding more regular Fortifications to it In 156◠it surrendred to Charles IX by a Siege of two Months with his loss of ten thousand Men before it but falling into the hands of the Huguenots again in 1620. Lewis XIII dismantled it in 1621 after he had by sorce of Arms and a Siege taken it from them S. Jean de l'Aune or Losne Fanum S. Johannis Laudonensis Laudona a Town in Burgundy in France upon the Saosne betwixt Auxone and Bellegarde Famous for repulsing an Army of the Imperialists in 1636. S. Jean de Leon a Town in Burgundy upon the Soane S. Jean de Luz Fanum Sancti Johannis Luisii or Luisium a Town of Aquitain in France in the Pais des Basques and the Territory of Labour with a Port upon the Ocean at the Fall of the River Vrdacuri into it two Miles from the Borders of Spain Lewis XIV now King of France was Married in this Town in 1660. S. Jean de Maurienne Fanum Sancti Johannis Mauriensis a very considerable but unwalled open City in Savoy upon the River Arco in the Valley de Maurienne which is a County three Leagues from the Borders of the Dauphiné to the South and ten from Grenoble to the East This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vienne And the Cathedral shews the Tombs of divers of the Dukes of Savoy S. Jean Pie de Port Fanum S Johannis Pede-Portuensis a very strong Town in the Lower Navarr in the Mountains upon the River Nive which falls into the Adoure eight Leagues from Baionne to the South This Town is yet in the Hands of the K. of France as King of Navarr S. Johns Point Isamnium one of the most Eastern Points of Ireland in the Province of Vlster in the County of Downe S. Johnston Fanum Sancti Johannis ad Tavum the same with Perth S. Juan de Puerto Rico Fanum Sancti Johannis de Portu divite a City of North America in an Island of the same Name in the North
Sea It stands on the North side of the Island has a safe Port and Castle and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of St. Domingo Taken by the English in 1599 and being plundered left to the Spaniards S. Juan de Vlva Fanum Sancti Johannis de Vlva a triangular Fort in a small Island in the North Sea on the Coast of New Spain over against the Port of Vera Cruz erected by the Spaniards for its security and defence It stands eighty Miles from Mexico to the East Vera Cruz was at first called by this Name but the Spaniards changed it of latter years S. Ives a Market Town and Corporation in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Penwith having a Haven upon the Irish Sea and the Election of two Parliament Men. § There is a second S. Ives in Huntingtonshire in the Hundred of Hurstington upon the River Ouse with a fair Stone Bridge over it which is a Market Town of good Antiquity Said to have received this name from a holy Bishop Ivo who laboured in the Conversion of the Saxons about the year 600 and died here But his Body was removed afterwards to Ramsey Abbey S. Lawrence a great River of New France in North America taking its Source towards the Lake des Hurons and running from West to East falling into the North Sea over against Newfound Land making a great Bay or Gulph there called the Gulph of S. Lawrence See Canada S. Leo Fanum Sancti Leonis The same with Monfeltro S. Leonhart a Town in the Lower Carinthia in the Valley of Lavanthal near the River Lavant in the Borders of Stiria two Miles from S. André a City of Carinthia This Town is under the Bishop of Bamberg S. Licer or S. Lizier See Conserans S. Lucar de Barameda Fanum Sancti Lucae Luciferi a City in Andaluzia in Spain called by the French S. Lurques Some will have it to be the Lux Dubia of Strabo It has three Castles and a large and safe Port at the Mouth of the River Guadalquivir upon the Atlantick Ocean S. Lucia or Alouzia one of the Charibye Islands in America under the French S. Macaire a Town in the Province of Guyenne in France upon the Garonne ten Leagues from Bourdeaux and thirty from the Ocean which rises no further than to this Town S. Maixent a Town in the Province of Poictou in France upon the River Seure Niortoise which hath an antient Abbey noted for a Council held at it against Berengarius in 1073 and another in 1075. The Emperor Lewis the Debonnaire repair'd this Abbey in his time S. Malo Maclovipolis Aletha Maclovia Maclopolis Maclovium a City in Bretagne in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Touâ—s seated in a small Island called S. Aron but very little removed from the Continent to which it is joined by a Bridge It grew up out of the Ruins of Aletha Though its Circuit is not great yet it is well peopled rich strong and by reason of the goodness of the Haven much frequented It stands four Leagues from Dole to the South-West and fourteen from Rennes to the North. Fortified and well Garrisoned in consideration that its great importance renders it one of the Keys of the Kingdom James Cartier the French Discoverer of Canada in America was a Native of this City A Synod was held here in 1618. S. Mango a Town in the ` Hither Principate in the Kingdom of Naples in Italy bearing the Title of a Principality S. Marco Argentanum Fanum Sancti Marci a small City in the Kingdom of Naples in the Hither Calabria which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cosenza but exempt from his Jurisdiction It stands ten Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and sixteen from Cosenza to the North. § There is a Town of this name in the Island of Sicily the same with the Calacta of the Antients S. Margarita Gorgon an Island of the Tyrrhenian Sea under the Grand Duke of Tuscany betwixt the Province of Toscana and the Island of Corsica Called also by the Italians La Gorgona S. Marie an Island in the Aethiopick Ocean towards the Bay of Anthongil and the Eastern Coast of the Island of Madagascar at the distance of two Leagues from the latter where the French have planted ten or twelve Villages It is eighteen Leagues in length three in breadth fruitful in Rice Sugar Gums Tobacco Fruits and Cattel White Coral and Ambergrease are found here The Climate continually rainy The Natives repute themselves to be of the Line of Abraham calling the Island in their Language The Island of Abraham Les Saintes Maries Delphicum Templum a small Town at the Mouth of the Rhosne in Provence in France Honoured heretofore with a Temple built by the Marseillians in honour of Apollo Delphicus and said to be the Place where the Vessel came safe a-shoar with Lazarus St. Mary Magdalen Mary the Mother of James and others which the Jews exposed to Sea to the mercy of the Winds and Storms without Sails or Oars And that the Bodies of the St. Maries were found hidden here in 1448. S. Maria di Leuca a City and Bishops See in the Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples Sancta Maria Pandataria an Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea upon the Coast of Terra di Lavoro a Province of the Kingdom of Naples thirty Miles from Puteoli It is small desolate and uncultivated Agrippina the Mother of Caligula the Roman Emperor was banished into this wretched Place by Tiberius the Emperor according to the Roman Custom S. Maria de Finis terre Artabarnm a Promontory in Gallicia which is the most North-Western Cape of Spain called by the Spaniards El Cabo de Finis terre by the French Le Cap de Fine terre It has the name of S. Mary also from a near Town which stands ten Leagues from Compostella to the West S. Marino Marinum Mons Titanus Fanum Sanctae Mariae Acer Mons a City in the Dukedom of Vrbino in Romandiola scarce four Leagues from the River Rimini twenty two from Pesaro to the West and five from S. Leo to the South-East which is the Capital of a small Republick Republichetta the Italians call it of the same name established in the year 600 and containing about six thousand People who bought the Fortress of Pennarosta in the year 1000 the Castle of Casolo in 1170 and in 1463 received four other Castles with the Town of Piagge by Donation from Pope Pius II. This City stands upon a high Hill well fortified under the Government of two Military Officers whom they change in every year twice § There is likewise in the Montouan and the Modenese in Italy two Towns of this name each adorned with the Title of an Earldom a Fortress in the Province of Toscana near Florence and a little Principality in S. Peters Patrimony § Not to omit the Island S. Marino de Vaz near the Cape of Good Hope upon the Coast
It stands â—orty Miles from S. Jago to the North-East by a small Lake S. Sebastian Fanum Sancti Sebasliani a City of great strength seated at the foot of an Hill on the Shoars of the Ocean at the Mouth of the River Orio in the Province of Guipuscâ—a in Spain not above three Leagues from the Borders of Gallicia to the West twelve from Bayonne to the West and the same distance from Pampelona to the North. S. Sehastian a City in Brasil in America which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvador and the Capital of a Province it has also a large Haven secured by two Forts in the Hands of the Portuguese S. Sever Severopolis a City of France which is the Capital of Gascoigne properly so called upon the River Adour six Miles beneath Aire to the West eight above Dax to the East and twenty three from Bourdeaux to the South San Severo a small City in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Manfredonia but exempt from his Jurisdiction It stands in the Capitanate in a Plain eleven Miles from the Adriatick Sea to the South and twenty four from Manfredonia to the West This Bishoprick was setled here by Pope Gregory XIII it being a flourishing populous City S. Severina Siberina a City in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples which is but small yet an Archbishops See It stands upon a steep Rock by the River Neeto ten Miles from the Ionian Sea twelve from Crotone and forty from Cosenza San Severino Septempeda a City in the Marquisate of Anconitana which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Fermo It is small tho of great Antiquity In 543. Septempeda the Roman Town was burnt by the Goths In 1498. there was a Castle built which in time and by degrees produced this City in 1598 first made a Bishops See by Pope Sixtus the Fifth It is built by the River Potenza six Leagues from Tolentino to the West and sixteen from Macerata to the South-West S. Simon a Town in the County of Vermandois in Picardy upon the River Somme betwixt S. Quentin and Ham Honoured with the Title of a Dukedom and giving name to an antient Family there S. Thierry an Abbey near Reims in the Province of Champaigne founded about the year 525 and after being ruined by the Saracens repair'd again in the ninth Century A Council was held at it in 953. S. Thomaso Melange a City of the hither East-Indies called by the Natives Maliapur It is a City of Coromandel on the Bay of Bengala two hundred Miles from the Island of Zeilan or Ceilan to the North. This Town which has been a long time in the Hands of the Portuguese had the Name of S. Thomas given it by them In 1671. the French took it but two Years after they were forced to leave it and the Portuguese recovered their Possession S. Thomas is an Island of a considerable bigness in the Atlantick Ocean said to be thirty Spanish Leagues in compass or one hundred and thirty English Miles round It was found by the Portuguese the twenty third of December being S. Thomas's day and therefore so called in 1405. When they thus found it it was one continued Forest never before inhabited by men The Portuguese have tamed those till then untouched Forests and since well peopled it The Negroes live longer and thrive better than their Masters some of which have died here at an hundred and ten years of Age. The Air is excessive hot so that no Wheat will come to any perfectior nor any Stone-Fruit Sugar Canes thrive excessively forty Ship Loads have been brought from thence in one Year In the midst there is a Mountain always shadowed with Clouds and covered with Trees which occasions those Dews which nourish the Sugar Canes in the hottest Seasons The principal City is called Pavoasan or S. Thomas built of Wood yet adorned with the Title of a Bishops See and a strong Cittadel and makes about seven hundred Portuguese Families This Island was taken by the Hollanders in 1599 and abandoned and again in 1641. But then the Portuguese having used all fair means to recover it the second time in vain they entered it with their Swords and by sorce of Arms recovered what was their just Right This Island lies exactly under the Line in Long. 27. one hundred and eighty Miles from the Coast of Africa in nigh a Circular Figure S. Trinidad de Buenos Ayres Fanum Sanctae Trinitatis a City of South America in the Province of Paragua and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of La Plata the Seat of the Courts of Justice of La Plata a celebrated Sea-Port and Emporium seated on the South side of the River of Plate where it enters the Ocean The Spaniards under whom it is have added Buenos Ayres Good Air to its Name to shew its greatest Excellence S. Tropez Fanum Sancti Torpetis a small but very strong City of Provence in France which has a Sea-Port or Haven upon the Mediterranean Sea five Leagues from Frejus or Fregiu to the South and twelve from Toulon to the East S. Truyen or S. Tron as the French call it Fanum Sancti Trudonis a Town in the Bishoprick of Leige in the Borders of Brabant the Capital of the County of Hasbain or Haspengow five German Miles from Maestricht to the West and from Liege to the East It was walled but dismantled in 1673. S. Venant Fanum Sancti Venantii a Town in Artois in the Low Countries seated upon the River Lise two Leagues from Arras formerly a Place of great strength but now neglected by the French who have possessed it ever since 1659. S. Veit Candocilla Fanum Sancti Viti a City of Carinthia at the Conjunction of the Wiltz and the Glac two German Miles from Glagenfurt toward Girkaw built in a very fruitful Valley S. Veit am-Flaum Fanum Sancti Viti Fâ—omoniensis a strong Town in Carniola which has a Castle and an Haven on the Gulph of Venice in the Borders of Croatia in subjection to the Emperor Saintes or Sainctes Mediolanum Santonum Santona Santones Vrbs Santonica a City in Aquitain the Capital of the Province of Saintonge and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux It stands upon the River Charente twenty Leagues from Bourdeaux to the North eleven from Rochelle to the South-East Great but not equally rich and populous This City was in the times of the Romans built upon an Hill where there appears the Ruins of a Roman Theatre and many other Antiquities this first Pile being ruined by the Goths Franks and other Barbarous Nations the present was built nearer the River and in a lower Ground In the times of the Civil Wars of France in the last Age this City had also a great share the Hugonots for a long time being Masters of it It hath now divers religious Houses In 563. a Council here deposed Emeritus Bishop of the Place for having
a new City and took its Rise from an Abbey of Renediclins built here by Eberhard Count of Nellenburg in the Reign of the Emperour Henry III. about 1052. About 1090. here was also a Nunnery built The Abbats and the City not agreeing it was made an Imperial and Free City Sold by Lewis of Bavaria to Frederick Duke of Austria about 1330. It continued under that House eighty five years In 1351. the Inhabitants of this City besieged Zurich though against their Wills in 1372. it was almost destroyed by Fire John Duke of Austria being proscribed for withdrawing Pope John XXII from the Council of Constance during the War which ensued this City returned to the Empire and by their Money obtained great Privileges from the Emperor The better to assure these Liberties in 1424. it joined in the League with Zurich and S. Gall and in 1454. renewed this League with these and took in the other Cantons In 1501. they join'd in the perpetual League About 1529. they embraced the Reformation and burnt a vast Statue which was called the Great God of Schafhouse Long. 30. 25. Lat. 47. 25. Schalholt Schalholtum a City in Iseland which is a Bishops See and the University of that Island Scham Damascus a City of Syria Schelling Schellinga an Island and Sea-Port Town upon the Coast of Holland and Friseland of about twelve Miles over and the same distance from Harlingen a City of West Friseland to the West The principal Town in it is of the same Name taken and burnt by the English the Seventh of August 1666. together with one hundred and fifty Sail of Ships most of them richly laden the Town is by some called Bandaris and said to consist of one thousand Houses That Squadron of Ships which performed this Action was Commanded by Sir Robert Holmes Schelde Scaldis one of the most noted Rivers in the Low Countries mentioned by Caesar Pliny and others of the Ancients Called by the Hollanders the Schelde by the French L' Escaut and by the Spanish Schelda This River ariseth in Picardy in Vermandois near Chastelet four French Miles from S. Quintin to the North-West and flowing North it watereth Cambray then entering Hainault it passeth on the East of Bouchain to Valencienne and being augmented by many lesser Streams becomes there first Navigable by Boats then taking in the Huisne above Conde from the West and the Scarpe beneath S. Amand it divides Tornay or Dornick and Oudenaerde and hasteth to Gant where it is augmented by the Lys hither also the Tides of the Ocean reach from hence it goes to Dendermonde where it takes in the Dendre and a little lower the Rupele and separating Brabant from Flanders it washeth the Walls of Antwerp and forms for it a noble large and safe Harbour three German Miles lower it divides into two vast Branches at S. Villier That to the South separating Flanders from Zeeland by Vlissing falls into the Ocean being here called the Honte The other parting the Islands of Zeeland falls into the Ocean between Walcheren to the South and Schouen to the North retaining its first name to its fall Schening a Town in the Province of South Gothland in Sweden in which a Council was held in 1247. by a Legate from the Pope Schenken-schans Schenk or the Fort of Schenk Munimentum Schenckii a strong Fort in the Dukedom of Cleve in the Borders of Guelderland in a small District call'd S' Gravenwert where the Rhine divides it self into two Branches and the Wael begins one German Mile from Emmerick to the West and from Cleve to the North which has this name from the Builder of it Martin Schenkius It was taken from the Hollanders in 1635. by the Spaniards they retook it the next year after a Siege of eleven months In 1672. it was taken by the French in two days In 1674. it was consigned to the Duke of Brandenburg and in 1679. by him Mortgaged to the Vnited Provinces who are now Masters of it Schesburg Sandava a City in Transylvania upon the River Cochel between Clausenburg to the East and Cronstad to the West The Inhabitants call it Segeswar the Germans Schesburg Schetland Armoda Aemoda Amodae Schetlandia an Island or knot of small Islands lying to the North-East of the Orcades over against Bergen in Norway but at a considerable distance from it under the King of Scotland by Mr. Cambden supposed to be the Thule of the Ancients these Islands are also call'd Hetland and lie sixty nine Miles beyond the Orcades Schiampua the same with Chiampana Schiatti one of the Islands of the Archipelago separated from the Cape Magnesia now Verlichi in Macedonia by a Channel not above a League over It is furnished with several safe Harbours which give the Christian Corsaires too much encouragement to infest it The Principal of them is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or S. George which is attended with a Town o◠the same name showing the ruines of a splendid Place in ancient times Schiavoni Sclavi the Sclaves or Sclavonians which Inhabit Dalmatia from them called Schiavonia Schiras or Scherazz Schirasium a great City in the Kingdom of Persia in the Province of Fars or Persia properly so called upon the River Bendimir two hundred Miles from Ormus to the North two hundred and fifty from Hispahan to the South This City sprung out of the ruins of Persepolis about nine Miles in compass the Country about it producing excellent Wine It is largely described by Monsieur Thevenot in his Travels Part. II. pag. 124. He saith it is the Capital of Persia seated in a pleasant and fertil Plain extending from North to South and incompassed with lovely Cypress Trees and Gardens the City is but two hours walk has no Walls nor any other defence but a scurvy Dike It has a College in which Theology Philosophy and Physick are taught and about five hundred Students Lat. 29. 40. Mr. Herbert saith the Plain it stands in is twenty Miles long and six broad encompassed with great Hills under one of which this City is placed And others tell us it hath a hundred thousand houses believing it may be the Marasium of the Ancients Schirwan See Servan Schlesien the same with Silesia Schlestadt Selestadium a City of Germany in the Lower Alsatia upon the River Ill in the Territory of Hagenaw four German Miles from Brisach to the South-West a little further from Colmar to the North and the same distance from Strasburgh Heretofore an Imperial and Free City but now under the French by the Westphalian Treaty who in 1673. dismantled it and two years after began to refortifie it it is now a very strong place Schenberg a Part of the Carpathian Hills the same with that which Latin Writers call Cetius and the Germans Kalenberg Dewsberg and Heritzberg varying its name in the different Countries it passeth through Schiro Scyros an Island in the Archipelago called by the Greeks Schiros by the Italians Schiro by the French Squire It is eighty
Territory of Padoua in Italy Sclavonia the Southern Province of the Lower Hungary called by the Italians Schiavonia by the Germans die Sclavinien by the Poles Slovienska Ziemia The middle Ages under this Name comprehended Illyricum Dalmatia Croatia Bosnia and this which is now called Sclavonia On the North it has the Drave a great River which parts it from the Lower Hungary on the East the Danube on the South the Save which divides it from Croatia Bosnia and Servia and on the West Carniola and Stiria The length of it from the Town of Kopranitz in the West to the fall of the Drave into the Danube in the East is fifty German Miles its breadth from the Drave to the Save twelve This Country was first possessed by the Pannonians after that by the Goths about 386 who were Conquered by the Sclaves about 550. About 1200. these People became Tributaries to the Kings of Hungary About 1544. this Country was first subdued by Solyman the Magnificent In 1687. after the Battel of Mohats the Turkish Army mutining against the Prime Vizier all this Country except Gradisca submitted to the Emperor the Turks deserting it without any blows The German̄s upon their return were very well pleased with the Fertility of it The Chief Towns in it are Gradisca Esseck and Possega which is the Capital City The Inhabitants are great lovers of War and pray for nothing more earnestly than that they may die with their Arms in their Hands Scodra a City of Illyricum attributed by Livy and Ptolemy to Dalmatia and in those times the Seat of the Kings of Illyricum Now the Capital City of Albania and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Antivari great and populous it stands upon the River Boiana Barbana twenty four Miles from the Adriatick Sea and eighty from Ragusa to the North East Twice besieged by the Turks under Mahomet II. without success and in 1478. resigned to them for a Peace by the Venetians The Inhabitants call it Scadar the Turks Iscodar and the Italians Scutari The Lake Labeatis out of which the Boiana Springs takes the name now of the Lake of Sclitari Long. 44. 20. Lat. 42. 24. Scone Scona a celebrated Abbey in the County of Perth upon the Tay three Miles from S. Johnston to the North West in which the Kings of Scotland for many Ages were Crowned Scopia Scapi a City of the Vpper Moesia and the Capital of Dardania in the Borders of Macedonia in the times of Ptolemy now called Scopia by the Italians and Vschub by the Turks It is a great populous City in Servia an Archbishop's See and the Seat of the Sangiack of Servia feated in a fruitful Plain upon the River Vardar over which it has a Stone Bridge of twelve Arches one hundred Miles from Thessalonica to the North-West ten from Sophia to the West and about the same distance from Giustandil to the South The River upon which it stands falls into the Bay of Thessalonica Scotland Scotia is the second Kingdom in Great Britain called by the French l' Escosse by the Italians Scotia by the Germans Schottlandt On the East it is bounded by the German Ocean on the North by the Deucalidonian Sea and the Isles of Orkney on the West by the Vergivian Ocean and the Irish Sea on the South by the River Tweed the Cheviot Hills and the adjacent Tract to Solway Sands whereby it is separated from England Solway Fyrth lies in deg 56. of Latitude and the most Northern point lies in 60 30. by which it should be three hundred and fifteen English Miles in length Polydore Virgil reckons four hundred and eighty its breadth is no where above sixty and its form Triangular with many great Inlets and Arms of the Ocean which indent both the Eastern and Western sides of it The Soil especially towards the North is generally barren affords little Timber and no Fruit Trees The Southern parts are more fruitful the Air in both sharp and cold It is divided into two parts the Southern and the Northern by Dunbritain and Edenburgh Fyrth The South part called the Low-Lands is fuller of Cities and great Towns the People are more rich and better civilized as not only Inhabiting a better Country but driving a Trade at Sea The Northern or High-Lands are more barren and poor the Inhabitants accordingly patient of want and hunger and very temperate in their Diet without which Virtues they could not subsist South Scotland is divided into twenty one North Scotland into thirteen Counties For the Ecclesiastical Government they have two Archbishops S. Andrews who has eight and Glascow who has three Suffragan Bishops under him In the times of the Romans this Country was called Caledonia and Albania the People Picts from their custom of Painting their Bodies The Romans never extended their Conquests beyond the South of Scotland because they thought the Northern and barrener parts not worth their pains The remaining Inhabitants after the withdrawing of the Roman Garrisons from the Northern parts of Britain became very troublesome to the Britains and forced them to call in the Saxons about 449 who Conquered the South parts of Scotland and possess it to this day The Scots or Irish about the same time entered the Western parts of Scotland and by degrees united first with the Picts or Highlanders by their assistance Conquered the Saxons and gained the Sovereignty of that whole Kingdom But there being no Letters here the Story of these times is very dark which has occasioned great Controversies concerning the time of the Scots coming out of Ireland About 839 the Picts were intirely subdued by Kenneth II. first sole King of all Scotland This Line continued under twenty three Princes to 1285. When Alexander III. dying without Issue there began a tedious and bloody contest about the Succession which was referred to Edward I. of England who adjudged the Crown to John Baliol an Englishman He Rebelling against his Benefactor was defeated by that Prince who following his blow made himself Master of Scotland and kept it to his death In 1307. Robert Bruce the other Competitor overthrew the English established himself King of Scotland and Reigned till 1332 when the Kingdom divided again between Edward Baltol and David Bruce which latter prevailed at first against his Competitor but fell under the power of the English where he was many years a Prisoner In 1371. Rob. II. Surnamed Steward descended from the eldest Daughter of David Bruce succeeded In 1602. James VI. the ninth in this Line succeeded after Queen Elizabeth to the Crown of England as Descended both by Father and Mother from Margaret the eldest Daughter of Henry VII King of England the whole Line of Henry VIII being extinguished The Christian Religion was Planted here by different Persons and at several times The Saxon Scots were Converted by Aidan the first Bishop of Lindisferne about 635. The South-Eastern by Nimas Bishop of Candida Casa or White Herne about 555. The Highlanders or
Barkstow upon a small stream falling into the VVarfe and the Ouse at the place of their Conjunction This Town is noted for the Stone-quarries near it well inhabited and provided with a Free-School Shoreham a Market Town in the County of Sussex in Bramber Rape by the Sea side Shrewsbury Salopia the principal City in Shropshire is seated upon the Severne on the top of an Hill of Red Earth in the middle of that County The River runs almost round the Town and is covered by two lovely Bridges Roger of Montgomery in the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror built on the North side of it a strong Castle which added much to its strength he founded a stately Abbey in it whose remains are extant still It was then a very considerable Place Nor is it after so many Ages sunk in its Wealth Riches or People but still a goodly City and the Centre of the Trade between VVales and England Near this City in 1463 was a sharp Battel fought between Henry IV. and Henry Percie Earl of Northumberland on the behalf of Edward Mortimer Earl of March as the right Heir of the Crown of England after Richard II. In 1067 Roger de Montgomery Earl of Arundel was by the Conqueror created Earl of Shrewsbury His Posterity enjoyed it till 1102 in three descents and then were divested of it In 1442 John Talbot Marshal of France a Person of great Worth and Conduct and the terror of France was by Henry VI made Earl of this City which Honour is enjoyed by his Posterity to this day Charles Talbot the twelfth of this Line succeding in 1667. Shrewsbury contains now five Parish Churches denominates a Lath is encompassed with a strong Wall with a Bulwark that ranges from the Castle to the Severn and is represented in the lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses First supposed to have taken its rise from the ruines of the ancient Vriconium which stood not far from it Shropshire Salopia is bounded on the North by the County Palatine of Chester on the East by Staffordshire on the South by Worcester Hereford and Radnorshires on the West by Montgomery and Denbigh It s length from North to South is thirty four its breadth from East to West twenty five and the circuit about one hundred thirty four English Miles wherein lye one hundred and seventy Parishes and fifteen Market Towns The Air of it is gentle and healthful the Soil rich and fruitful abounding in Wheat Barley Pit-Coals Iron and Wood. The Severne which is the second River of England divides this County almost in the middle receiving into it the Camlet the Morda the Mele the Roddon the Terne the VVorse and some others on the South it has the Temde which receives the Bradfield Onke Omey Quenny Stradbrook Corve Ledwich and Rea all which and some other Rivers water and enrich the South part of this County so that it may very well be one of the most fruitful and best peopled Counties in England The Principal City is Shrewsbury Siam a City and Kingdom beyond the Ganges in the Further East Indies The Kingdom is bounded on the North by the Kingdoms of Pegu and Ava on the East Cambaya Lao Jancoma and Tangu on the South the Bay of its own Name and on the West by the Bay of Bengale making by this form of its situation a Demicircle of about four hundred and fifty Leagues Some assign it a far greater extent and bound it by Pegu and Lao on the North the Chinian and Indian Oceans to the East and West with the Kingdom of Malaca to the South And this way it makes a great Peninsula It is certain the King of Siam keeps several other Kingdoms and Principalities tributary to him and his Country being blessed with a good Air a fertile Soil Mines of Lead Tin Silver and Gold tho of a base Alloy with store of Ivory and being visited continually by Vessels from Japan China Cochinchina Tonquin the Sound and the Philippine Islands from all parts of the Hither East Indies and from Arabia Persia and the Kingdoms of Europe it affords the enjoyment of every thing almost that is valuable Whilst the Sun is in the Northern Signs from March to September the Fields are generally overflown by the Rivers which much contributes to the fertility of them for the Ear of the Rice mounts above the height of the Waters The King of Siam was Master heretofore of Malaca see Malaca Of late himself became a Tributary to the King of Pegu see Pegu. But he is very absolute over and served with the profoundest Adoration by his own Subjects The English French and Dutch have each their Factories in this Kingdom The Portuguese and Armenians Moors and Chinese settle here in great Numbers being allowed dwellings in the City Siam by a Favour not made common to all Nations Siam the City stands in an Island that is formed by the River Menan surpassing in the richness of its Temples most of the proudest Cities in the Indies and its Palace Royal where the King resides built by the River side is of an extent sufficient to denominate a City of it self In 1634 the Dutch built themselves a House in Siam whichâ—is one of the best belonging to their Company in these Indies Siangyang Siangyanum a City in the Province of Huquam in the Kingdom of China The Capital over six other Cities Siara a small City in Brasil upon the North Sea which is the Capital of a Province has a large safe Haven and a Castle but not very populous Under the Portuguese 〈◊〉 a Kingdom under the Great Mogul in the East-Indies towards the Fountains of Ganges and Mount Caucasus betwixt Naugracut and Pitane Siben Sabiona now a Castle only but formerly a City in the County of Tirol and a Bishop's See It is seated upon the River Eysock ten Miles from Brixia whither the Brishoprick is removed to the South-West Siberia a Province of great extent under the Crown of Muscovy towards the river Obb in the Desart Tartary between the Provinces of Condora Legomoria and Permia Some few years since first discovered all covered with uninhabited Woods Marshes and desolate Countries having only a few Inhabitants which have a particular Language of their own and not the use of Bread The Moscovites have of late built the Cities Tobolsk upon the River Yâ—â—im and Siber on the Obb here and united both in one Archbishoprick At the former the Vice Duke under the Grand Duke of Moscovy resides he commands over both Siberia and Samoyeda They have also set up Churches in divers places for the Moscovian Christians Sicambri a People of the ancient Germany placed by most about the now Province of Guelderland in the Vnited Netherlands betwixt the Maes and the Rhine By others upon the banks of the Mayne Strabo calls them Sugambri Ptolemy Synganbri The Bructeri were a part of their Dependents Sichem an ancient City of the Territory of Samaria in Palestine in the
Region of the ancient Asia betwixt the Two Scythia's Margiana Bactriana and the Caspian Sea now answering to the Province of Mawralnaher or Maurenhaer in the Asiatick Tartary North-East of Persia Soisons Suessiones Suessia Civitas Augusta Suessionum an ancient Roman City in the Isle of France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Reims and the Capital of a County called Le Soissonnois A great fine strong City seated upon the River Aisne which divides it five Leagues from the Confines of Picardy eleven from Reims to the West and twenty two from Paris Pepin was first proclaimed King of France in this City in 752. Soissonnois the District belonging to it was heretofore a part of Picardy it lies between Reims to the East Picardy to the North Valois to the West and Le Brie to the South It took this name from the Suessones an old Gallick Tribe which inhabited it before the Roman Conquest Honoured for many Ages with the Title of an Earldom The City hath six Abbeys in it besides Churches and divers Ecclesiastical and Religious Houses In 853. a Council was assembled at it in the presence of Charles the Bald King of France Solane Solana a small River in Aquitain in France which in the Province of Limosine falls into the Courezze by the City of Tulle Solao Salaca a Province of the Higher Aethiopia near the River Tacaz between the Kingdom of Bagamidra to the South and the Province of Arbagela to the North. Soldin the same with Seleusia Pieria a City of Syria Soleurre Salodurum Salodorum a City of Switzerland which is the Capital of a Canton called by its name The Natives call it Soleurre the Germans Solothurn the Italians Soloduro It stands upon the River Arola seven Miles from Basil to the South and from Friburg to the North and five from Berne to the same The Canton is the eleventh in the number small and Roman Catholick Solfarin a small Seigniory or Lordship in Mantoua Solms Solmia a County in Germany which has its Name from a ruined Town on the River Lohne It lies extended from North to South part in Westerwaldt and part in Weteraw between Hassia to the East and Treves to the West under its own Count whose Residence is in the Castle of Brunsfeld Soloe or Soli the Birth-place of the ancient Greek Poet Aratus This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Seleucia It stands in Cilicia in Asia Minor and took for some time the name of Pompeiopolis from its re-establishment by Pompey the Great Pliny mentions it upon the account of a Fountain it anciently had of an extraordinary quality Now called Palesoli Sologne Solonia Sicalonia a small Province under the Prefecture of Orleans by Latin Writers also called Secalonia Sigalonia Siligonta and Sabulonia being a Sandy Country particularly fruitful in Wheat and Rice It lies between the Provinces of Orleans Berry and Blaisois but its proper Limits are lost The principal Town in it is Romorentin eight Leagues from Bois South and fourteen from Bourges North. The Islands of Solomon a Mass of great Islands in the Pacifick Sea towards New Zelandt discovered by Alvarez Mendoza in 1567. but little frequented by the Europeans The names of some of them are S. George S. Mark S. Nicholas S. Anne S. Catherine the Three Maries S. James S. Christopher S. Jerome c. Solothurn See Soleure Solpe a City and Bishop's See in the Province called Capitanota in the Kingdom of Naples Solsona a City in Catalonia in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona made such in 1593. by Pope Clement VIII It stands upon the River Cordoner at the foot of the Mountains about three Leagues from Cardona to the North. A small ill peopled Place though it has been fortified by the French Soltwedel Heliopolis Solvedelia a City in the ancient Marquisate of Brandenburg upon the River Jetz eight German Miles from Vlcan to the East and ten from Havelburg The Inhabitants report it was built by Charles the Great after he had destroyed a Statue of the Sun which was worshipped in this Place Solwey Fryth Ituna an Arm of the Irish Sea which parts England from Scotland Somersetshire Belgae Durotriges Somersetia is a rich populous and fruitful County in the West of England Bounded on the North by the Severne Sea and Glocestershire cut off by the Severne on East by Wiltshire on the South by Dorsetshire and part of Devonshire on the West by Devonshire and the Irish Sea It contains in length from East to West fifty Miles in breadth forty in circuit two hundred and four wherein lie three hundred eighty five Parishes and thirty Market Towns The Air is mild and gentle in the Summer the Roads are extremely miry and deep in the Winter which is recompenced by the Fertility of the Soil yielding Corn and Grass in great plenty nor is it destitute of Mines of Lead Whence comes the usual Proverb here What is worse for the Rider is best for the Abider These Mines are found particularly in Mendip-Hills It has also a Rock called S. Vincent's Rock where are found great plenty of Diamonds equal to those of India in their Lustre but not in hardness It has three Noble Cities Bristol Bath and Wells all which are discoursed of in their proper places The Rivers Parret Tor Tone Frome and others water it besides the Severne's Mouth The first Earl of this County was William de Mohun created in 1138. The second Willam Long-Espee Base Son to Henry II. in 1197. The third Reginald de Mohun in 1296. The fourth John de Beauford in 1396. In which Family it continued till 1471. in six Descents The tenth was Edmond third Son of Henry VI. in 1496. The eleventh Henry Fitz Roy a Base Son of Henry VIII The twelfth Edward Seymor Lord Protector of Edward VI. created Duke in 1546. beheaded in 1552. The thirteenth was William Carre in 1614. The fourteenth William Seymor Marquess of Hartford restored to his Great-Grand father's Title of Duke of Somerset by Charles II. in 1660. since which time there have been five Descents in this Family Somerton a Market Town in Somersetshire The Capital of its Hundred of great consideration heretosore when it is said to have given Name to its County Somme or Some Phrudis Somona Samara a River in Picardy in France which ariseth in a place called Fon Somme in Vermandois two Leagues from S. Quintin to the West and running West watereth Han Peronne Corbie Amiens Abbeville and S. Valery where it falls into the British Sea twelve French Leagues South of Boulogne over against Rye in Sussex having divided Picardy into two parts Sommiers Sommeria a small City in the Lower Languedoc upon the River Vidole four Leagues from Mompellier to the South-East and the same distance from Nismes Once a fortified City Songo a City of the Kingdom of Madingua in the division of Nigritia in Africa Sonneburg one of the chief Towns in the Island
years last past Conquered the Kingdom of China and is one of the greatest Princes in the World His Dominions extending from Cochin China to the River Obb North-West and South-East There is lately published a short Account of these Tartars in two Letters written by a Chinian Jesuit who travelled with this King into Tartary Tenedos a small Island of sixteen Miles in Compass five from the Shores of Asia twenty five from the Island Metelino to the North in the Archipelago and eighteen from the Dardanels to the South called by the Turks Bosh Adasi the Barren Island yet it affords excellent Muscadine Wine Plenty of Game and is well situated to bridle the Streights of Gallipoli It has a City two Castles and an Harbor for small Vessels and being taken by the Venetians with whom the Genouese disputed the possession of it a long time was betrayed to the Turks by their Governor In the time of Troy which stood within two Leagues of it this Island was consecrated to Apollo and the Graecian Navy seigning a Despair to take that City retired hither to disguise their design It became since Christianity a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mitelene The Promontorium Sigaeum or Cape Janizzari lies near it Teneriffa one of the Canary or Azores Islands in the Atlantick Ocean over against Mauritania in Barbary called by the Natives Theneriffe It is about forty eight Spanish Leagues in Circumference Fruitful populous rich and has been subject to the Spaniards ever since 1496. The Ancients called this Nivaria as is supposed because the top of its Point or Peak which is thought the highest in the World and very sharp is rarely without Snow This Peak is said to be fifteen Miles high and may be seen one hundred and twenty English Miles at Sea The principal Towns in it are Laguna and S. Croce To which belongs an excellent Haven Blake and English Admiral April 20 in 1657 notwithstanding a Castle seven Forts sixteen great Galeons all well man'd and provided with Cannon and Ammunition which threatned his inevitable Ruine entred this Harbor and in six hours time beat the Spaniards out of their Ships and Forts too He put the English in possession of the vast Treasure of a West India Fleet which they plundered and burnt all those Spanish Ships they found This Island is no less remarkable for having been made the first Meridian by many of the latter Geographers § The Spaniards have given the same Name to a Town in the Province called Terra firma in South America standing near the Confluence of the Rivers S. Magdalena and S. Martha Tenez a City and Kingdom towards the Coasts of the Mediterranean and West of the Kingdom of Algiers in Barbary Tengchieu a City in the Province of Xantum in China which stands upon the Chiman Ocean on the Bay of Nanquin and is very strongly fortified Long. 149. 00. Lat. 37. 00. Teno Tenos Tine an Island in the Archipelago under the Venetians who have been Masters of it above these three hundred years It is a Latin Bishops See and but few Greeks live here In Pagan times it was famous for a Temple consecrated to Neptune It produceth Wine Figs and Silk Hath a Fortress and a City of its own Name Teno but Hydrusia and Ophiusa were the first and ancientest Names of this Island Tenterden a Market Town in the County of Kent in Scray Lath. Tentyra an Island and City in the Nile in the Kingdom of Egypt mentioned by Juvenal Teos an Ancient City of Ionia in the Lesser Asia which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus Ter. See Tech. Teramo Aprutium a City of the Further Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See Terassa the same with Tarsus Terbestan the Caspian See Tercera Tertiaria or Tertia the principal of the Azores Islands twenty five Miles from East to West but not of equal breadth about sixteen Leagues in circuit surrounded with Rocks which render it difficult of Access It lies forty Leagues from Teneriffe to the East The chief City of this and all the Azores is Angara which is a Bishops See and with Fort San Felippe under the Portuguese From this Island the Azores are sometimes called the Tercera Isles It is much subject to Farthquakes and has a Fountain particularly remarkable for a virtue to petrifie Wood. Tergowisch See Targovisto Terki Terchium the principal City of Circassia in Asia in a well watered Plain about one German Mile from the Caspian Sea to the West sixty from Astracan to the South and thirty six from Derbent to the North-West Long. 76. 30. Lat. 45. 05. This City being some years since put into the hands of the Duke of Moscovy has of late been carefully fortified as a Frontier against the Persians on that side Olearius assures us it stands in Lat. 43. 23 in a Plain which bounds the sight upon the River Temenski which issueth out of the Lake of Bustro and facilitates the Correspondence between the Town and the Caspian Sea The Town is fortified with Rampiers and Bastions of Earth and has a Garrison of two thousand Russ paid by the Great Duke Terlee a famous Abbey for Women of the Order of S. Bernard in the State of Holland founded by the ancient Earls of Holland a League and a half off Leyden but broken and ruined since the Reformation there Termini or Termuli Termulae Buca a City in the Capitanata in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento and stands upon the Adriatick Sea at the Mouth of the River Tiferno in the Borders of the Hither Abruzzo thirty Miles from Lanciano to the East § Also a Town in the Island of Sicily upon a River of its own Name risen out of the Ruines of the ancient City Himera and called in Latin Writers Terminus Himeriorum The River Termine bad the same ancient Name with the City Terna Torna a River which runs through Artois and falls into the Canche at Hesdin Ternate Ternata the chief of the sive Molucco Islands Now in the Hands of the Hollanders tho it has a King of its own who resides in the Town of Malay the Dutch have some Ports in this Island to secure its Possession There are two ports belonging to it The Island Tider lies within one League of it Terni Interamna an ancient Latin Colony and a City of Ombra in the States of the Church in Italy which is a Bishops See immediately under the Pope It stands in a Plain upon the River Nare twelve Miles from Spoleto to the South in the Road to Ancona and has many rare Antiquities to shew Ternois Ternensis Pagus a small Tract in Artois in the County of S. Paul which takes its Name from Terna Ternova Ternobum a City of Bulgaria mentioned by Gregoras and Calchondylas now the Residence of the Turkish Sangiack and anciently the Seat of the Despote It stands upon the River Jantra or Ischar near Mount
Men and Aetius the Victor This City and Province being recovered out of the Hands of the Moors by Charles Martel Charles the Great in 779. granted it to one Thursin with the Title of an Earl It continued under Earls for eighteen Descents who particularly were famous for assisting the Albigenses in their Wars till 1270. when it was reunited to the Crown of France The present King of France had taken up a design to make a Channel for Boats from this City to the Lake of Maguelone that so it might be a kind of Centre of Trade between the Mediterranean and the Ocean but with what success I know not In the year 1119. Pope Calixtus II. presided at a Council at this City Besides which it hath been honor'd with divers other Councils The Tectosagi were its ancient Inhabitants Tomalitze Tmolus a Mountain in Lidia in the Lesser Asia which yields Wine and Saffron The River Pactolus flows from it Tomar Nabantia Tacubis a Town in Portugal in the Province of Extremadura upon the River Nabaon two Leagues from the Tajo Tombut Tombutum a Kingdom in Nigritia in Africa upon the River Snega between the Kingdom of Agad to the East Mandinga to the South Geneboa and Gualata to the West and the Desert of Zanhaga to the North. It takes its Name from a City so called which stands four hundred hundred French Leagues from Morocco to the South Tonderen Tundera a City in the Dukedom of Sleswick under the Duke of Holstein Gotthorp one German Mile from the German Ocean and four from Ripen to the South Tone a River in Somersetshire upon which Taunton Wellington Wivercomb and North Curry are all situated Tongres Tungri Aduatuca Tungrorum Aduaca Atuacutum a very great City in the Itinerary of Antoninus now a Town in the Bishoprick of Leige called by the Germans Tongren it stands upon the River lceker four Leagues from Liege and three from Maestricht Attila ruined it and the Normans after him It had anciently a Bishops See which was transferred to Maestricht and thence to Liege Tonningen Toninga a small City in the Dukedom of Sleswick upon the River Erder in the Borders of Ditmarsh Six Miles from Sleswick Under the Duke of Holstein Gotthorp Topazus an Island in the Red-Sea about forty Miles from the Continent where the Topaz or Chrysolite Stone is found in plenty It takes its name from its product Pliny mentions a Topaz of this place four Cubits long of which Ptolemy Philadelphus K. of Egypt made the Statue of his Queen Arsinoe Topino Tinia a River of Italy which ariseth near Nocera from the Apennine and flowing through Ombria watereth Fuligno taking in il Clinno then falls into the Chiascio and with it into the Tiber four Miles from Perugia Tor. See Eltor Tor a River in Somersetshire Glassenbury is situated upon it Toralea or Torre Turritana an old Roman Town in the Island of Sardinia which became the See of an Archbishop But it hath lost that Dignity since the year 1441. when Pope Eugenius IV. removed the See to Sessari twelve Miles from it to the North. Torcello Torcellum a City in the States of Venice which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Venice in an Island five Miles North of Venice and not much inhabited by reason of the badness of the Air. This See was brought hither from Altino in 635 which the Huns had ruined In 1582 and 1628. Synods were held here Torgaw Torgavia a City of Misnia in the Dukedom of Saxony upon the Elbe seven German Miles from Meissen to the North five from Witteberg and six from Leipsick Commended much for excellent Beer Tormes Tormis a River in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain arising in a Village called Tormellas near the Mountain del Varco de Avila and flowing North and North-West washeth Alva de Tormes Salamanca and Ledesma after a Course of twenty six Leagues and the Reception of fourteen small Rivers it falls into the Douro beneath Miranda de Douro Tornaw Torne Torna a County and City in the Vpper Hungary called by the Germans Dorn The City stands four Miles from Cassovia to the West Tornburg Torda a Town in the principality of Transylvania Le Tornaisis Tornacensis Ager a small Territory in the Earldom of Flanders between Hainault to the East and Lille to the West by the Schelde It is a part of the Gallick Flanders and has this Name from Tournay its principal City In the Hands of the French ever sinâ—e 1667. Torne Torna a City in Sweden in the Province of Bothinia at the bottom of the Botner Sea upon which it has a large and frequented Haven From its Site sometime called Torne Lapmark being near Lapland Tornus Tornu Tinurtium Trenorchium a Town in the Dukedom of Burgundy which has a celebrated Abbey Six Leagues from Mascon to the North and five from Challon to the South In 944. and 1109. Councils were held in this Abbey Toro Octodurum Taurum a City of Leon in Spain upon the Douro little and dayly decays being not walled nor much inhabited It stands between Zamora to the East and Valadolid to the West eight Spanish Leagues Near this Place the Spaniards overthrew the Portuguese in 1476. John II. King of Castile was born here in 1405. Torreglia a Sovereign Marquisate between the Dutchy of Milan and the States of Genoua Torrington a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Tremington upon the River Towridge Honor'd with the Title of an Earldom first in the Person of the late Duke of Albemarle Torsil Torsilia a small City in Sudermania in Sweden eleven Swedish Miles from Stockholm to the West Torso Thyrsus a River of Sardinia Torto Hiemera a River of Sicily Tortona Dertona Terdona Tertona Tordona a City of Lombardy in the Dukedom of Milan upon the River Scrivia A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan Frederick Aenobarbus Emperor of Germany sacked this Place which though rebuilt by the Milanese yet never recovered its ancient greatness In 1642. it was taken by the French recovered the next year by the Spaniard who in 1654. built a strong Castle in it for its defence It is the Capital of il Tortonese which lies between the Apennine and the Po Having Pavia on the East and the States of Genoua on the West and South from which the City of Tortona lies eight Miles to the North ten from Alessandria twenty five from Pavia and forty five from Placenza In 1595. a Synod was held here Tortosa Dertosa Dertusa Dertossa a City of Catalonia of great Antiquity a Principality and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona It stands upon the Ebro three Leagues from its Mouth fifteen from Tarragona to the South-West and from Ilerda to the South Small but Strong In 1649. it was taken by the French In 1652. returned under the Spaniards It has a strong Castle and a large Haven but not much frequented as appears by the decay of the Town In 1429 a Council was
of Holland one League from Leyden which has been adorned with the Title of an Earldom Valdiva a small City in the Kingdom of Chili in South America which has a large and safe Haven on the Pacifick Ocean under the Dominion of the Spaniards though it has been often ruined by the Indians It stands seventy five Leagues from Imperiali to the South written sometimes Baldiva Valence Valentia Julia Valentia Segalaunorum Vrbs a City of Gallia Narbonensis in Ptolemy now called Valenza by the Italians It is a neat populous great City in the Dauphiné and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vienne upon the River Rhosne eleven Leagues from its Metropolis to the South This Bishoprick was for ever united to that of Dye in 1275. The Bishops take the Title of Earls of Valence In 1452. there was an University opened here The River Isere closeth it on the North and the Rhosne on the West It is the Capital of the Dukedom of Valentinois hath a Cittadel an Abbey and a Collegiate Church besides the Cathedral with a great number of Religious Houses And anciently was a Roman Colony In 374. 584. and 855. Councils were assembled at this City In 890. Lewis Son of Bozon was confirmed King of Arles by the Bishops here met for the purpose There have been more Councils in after times held in the same place § Also a Town in the Province of Guyenne near the Garonne Valenchiennes Valenciennes Vallencenae Valentianae Valentinianae a City of Hainault upon the Schelde where it receives the Ronel which divides it A great strong spruce place two Leagues from Quesnoy to the North five from Tournay to the South and from Cambray to the West Henry VII Emperour of Germany was a Native of it and Baldwin and Henry Emperors of Constantinople In 1656. the French besieged it under the Mareschals Turenne and la Ferte But Don John of Austria assisted with the Prince of Conde raised the Siege and took the latter Prisoner In 1667. it was taken by the French under whom it now is They have since added to its Fortifications It was made an University in 1475. Valencia Valentia Valentia Constetinorum a City and Kingdom in Spain The City is called by the Italians Valenza and stands about a Mile from the Mediterranean Sea forty nine Leagues from Barcinone to the North-West from Toledo to the East and Saragoza to the South Built by Junius Brutus a Roman in the year of Rome 616. Rescued out of the hands of the Moors by Roderic Bivar el Cid in the year 1025. Taken by them again and recovered the second time by James I. King of Arragon in 1236. Made a Bishops See in 1492. by Pope Alexander VI. In Pliny's time it was a great noble elegant City walled with five Bridges over the River Guadalaviar and now the best peopled in all Spain except Lishon and Madrid An University the Capital of a Kingdom and the Seat of its Courts of Justice and a Vice-Roy It has given to the See of Rome two Popes Calistus II. and Alexander VI. The Spaniards proverbially call it Valencia la Hermosa the Beautiful Long. 25. 15. Lat. 39. 55. The Kingdom of Valencia lies upon the Mediteranean Sea Bounded on the East by Catalonia and that Sea on the West by New Castile and by the Kingdom of Murcia to the South The chief Cities in it are Valencia Segorve Orighuella Xativa Elche and Alicante Watered by the Ebro the Mervedre the Guadalquivir and the Xucar so that it enjoys at once the most fruitful Soil and the most pleasant and temperate Air of all Spain much like that of Naples Their Silk and Wooll are the best in the World Their Sheep were first brought thither from Cotswald in England in 1465. by the imprudent Courtesie of Edward IV. In short the Plenty Delicacies and Pleasantness of this Kingdom has esseminated its Inhabitants and made them less able to defend it The ancient Edetani and Contestani dwelt here It became a distinct Moorish Kingdom in 1214. Submitted to Arragon in 1228. Finally conquered by them in 1238. Philip II. banished out of it twenty two thousand Families of the Moors Valeneia d' Alcantara a strong Town in the Province of Extremadura in Spain but in the Borders of Portugal upon the River Savar eight Leagues from Alcantara to the West Taken by the Portuguese and restored to the Spaniard by the Treaty of Peace in 1668. Valencia di Minho a strong Town upon the River Minho in the Kingdom of Portugal which has resisted the repeated Attacks of the Spaniards Valenza Valentia Forum Fulvii or Valentinum a strong Town in the Dukedom of Milan but in the Borders of Montferrat Built upon an Hill by the Po ten Miles from Casal to the East and seven from Alessandria to the North. It was attempted by the French in 1635. and in 1656. with great loss they took it in 1657. The Spaniards were defeated in 1658. in their design of recovering it but gained it by the Treaty of Peace the next year at the Pyrenees and are still in possession of it Valentinois a Territory in Dauphine of which Valence is the Capital It is divided into the Vpper and Lower Valentinois The Upper extends from the River Isere to the Droume the other from the Droume to the County of Venaissin Formerly under its own Counts It became united with Dauphine and the Crown of France in the time of Tewis XI King of France Lewis XII advanced it to the quality of a Dukedom Valette Valetta a new very strong fine populous City in the Isle of Malta Built by Jean de Valette a French Man Master of the Knights of Malta in the year 1566. after the Turkish Siege on the North side of the Island upon a Mountain called Sceb Erras having an excellent Port. The Master of that Order has resided in that City ever since the year 1571. The Castle belonging to it is called S. Elmo La Valette or Villebois a Town in the Dukedom of Angousmois in France Valiza Rhodope a Mountain in Thrace called by the Inhabitants Rulla It divides Thrace into two parts extending from East to West and gives Birth to the River Hebrus and some others Valladolid Pintia Vallisolitum Vallisoletum a City of Old Castile in Spain great elegant and populous upon the River Piznerga a little above its fall into the Douro in the Borders of the Kingdom of Leon of which it was a part Sixteen Spanish Leagues from Burgos to the South-West and twenty from Salamanca to the North-East This City was built by the Goths in the year of Christ 625. Made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo in the year 159◠Christopher Columbus the first Discoverer of America died here in the year 1506. It was for some time the Seat of the Kings of Castile and now an University of great esteem In this place Philip II. King of Spain by the perswasion of Mr. Parsons a known English Jesuit erected
of Valois and the Diocese of Soissons upon the River Oise where there have been four Councils celebrated Uercelli as the French write Verceile Vercellae a City of Piedmont of great Antiquity which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan It stands upon the River Sesia in the Borders of the Duke of Milan and has a District called by its own name belonging to it betwixt Montferrat the Milanese and Ivrée ten Miles from Casal to the North and from Novara to the West thirty five from Milan East and from Turin West It is a very strong Place hath a Castle a Cittadel a famous Hospital and handsome Churches often taken and retaken in the late Wars and particularly in 1638 by the Spaniards who by the Pyrenean peace returned it as it is now under the Duke of Savoy In the time of the ancient Romans it flourished Since it hath been a Republick next under the Duke of Milan then Savoy In 1050. P. Leo XIX celebrated a Council at it against Berengarius Archdeacon of Anger 's who was cited but did not appear to the same Uerdun Verduna Veroduna Verodunum Virdunium Vereduna a City of Gallia Belgica mentioned by Antoninus now in the Dukedom of Lorain but separated from it by the French under whom it has been ever since 1552 when Henry II. took it A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Trier great strong and well Peopled seated upon the Maes which forms several small Islands here fifteen Leagues from Chaalons to the East twelve from Metz and thirteen from Tulle to the North. Some of its former Bishops have been Counts of Verdun and Princes of the Empire § There is a Territory and Town of the same name in the Province of Gascoigne Another Town in the County of Foix in Aquitain and another County in Bourgogne Der Uere Veria a small but strong City in the Province of Zealand in the Isle of Walcheren which has an Harbour one League from Middleburg to the East It belongs to the Prince of Orange Uerma a City and Kingdom in the Terra Firma of the East-Indies beyond the Ganges affording precious Stones Uermandois Veromanduensis Ager a County in Picardy which is an ancient Earldom between Tierache to the East Le Santerre to the West Cambray to the North and the Isle of France to the South the Capital is S. Quentin It took its name from Vermand Augusta Veromanduorum a ruined Roman Town which stood anciently in this County And was its Capital There now stands an Abbey in the place of it The ancient Veromandui dwelt here Uermelandia a Province of Sweden Uermio a Streight near New Mexico Uerneuil Vernolium a City in the Vpper Normandy upon the River Aure in the Borders of la Percbe sometimes called Vernevil au Perche eight Leagues from Dreux to the West and seven from Seez and Eureux to the South Famous for the overthrow the English gave the French in 1424 where four thousand five hundred French were slain upon the place and the Earl of Narbone being taken was hanged for assisting at the Massacre of John Duke of Burgundy Uernon Vernonium a City of Normandy upon the Seyne in the Diocese of Eureux over which it had a Bridge of Stone now ruined ten Leagues from Roan South seven from Eureux East and from Gisors West It had heretofore also a Palace Royal Palatium Vernis which in 755. and 844. was the Seat of two Councils Ueroli See Veruli Ueron a small Town near Sens in Champaigne in France remarked for a Fountain of such a nature as to petrifie the mire and moss through which it runs Uerona a City of Lombardy which is great and famous called by the Germans Dietrichs Bern. It is a Bishops See under the Patriach of Aquileja and the Capital of a Province of its own name called the Veronois It stands upon the River Adige over which it has four Bridges and three Castles thirty five Miles from Trent South twenty two from Mintoua North and sixty from Ferrara Built by the Gauls in the year of Rome 469. two hundred eighty two years before the Birth of Christ In the Civil Wars of Rome made a Roman Colony In 490. it was taken by Theodoricus who here overthrew â—doacer King of the Heruli and took the name of Veronensis In 901. Berengarius took it by bribing the Garrison In 1212 it was put under the House of Este after this the Family of the Scaligers were Lords of it seventy years and after them the Dukes of Milan In 1403. the Venetians obtained it from the Dutchess of Milan In 1509. Maximilian the Emperor took it but in 1516. it was restored to them and is now the best City in aâ—â— their Dominions except Venice Catullus the Poet was Born here Martial gives it the Epithet of Magna in Catullus's and his time Tantum Magna suo debet Veronâ— Catullo Quantum parâ—a suo Mantua Virgilio It s antient â—irque and Amphitheatre and many other noble Monuments remain yet extant Pope Lucius III. dyed here In 1542. and 1589. Synods were assembled at this City Long. 33. 10. Lat. 44. 35. Uerrua a strong fortified Town in Piedmont in the County of Asta upon the Banks of the Po and the Borders of the Dukedom of Montferrat sixteen Miles from Turin towards Casale upon an advanced ground In the Wars betwixt Piedmont and Ferrara a Sculpture was made upon the Gate of the Castle of a bunch of Grapes hanging over the head of a Swine and he in vain opening his mouth to catch it with this Inscription Quando questo porco pigliara l'Vva Il Marquese di Montferrato pigliara Verrua When this Hog shall catch the Grapes The Marquess of Montferrat shall take Verrua In the year 1625. The Spaniards besieg'd this Town under the Duke of Feria And to deride their attempt too in the same manner the Inhabitants put the name of the Duke of Feria in the place of the Marquess thus Quando questo porco pigliara l'Vva Il Duca di Feria Pigliara Verrua Accordingly the Spaniards miscarried Uersacgli the Turkish name of Pisidia a Province of the Lesser Asia Uersailles Versaliae a Town in the Isle of France where the present King of France has built a most Noble Palace since 1661 upon an eminence in the middle of an excellent Valley for hunting where before in the Reign of Lewis III. stood only an old indifferent Castle which was made the rendezvouze of parties of Hunters as they took or left the field In 1678. Lewis XIV rebuilt this Castle with the greatest Magnificence Many curious Buildings and noble Works have at several times been added for grandeur He makes this place his continual Residence and the Town of Versailles now accompanying the Pallace wholly oweth its beginning to him It stands four Leagues from Paris to the East and two from S. Clou. Uervin Vervins Verbinum a small Town in Picardy in the County of Tierache scarce four Leagues from the Borders of
are violently cold It abounds with all things useful to the Life of Man except Wine and Oil. The chief Town where the Governour Resides is James Town and the whole is divided into nineteen Counties Uirton Virtonium a small City in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh in the Borders of Lorain five Leagues from Luxemburgh to the West and four from Arlon to the South under the Spaniards Uisapour or Visiapour Visapora the Capital City of the Kingdom of Decan in the Hither East Indies one hundred and seventy eight English Miles from Goa to the North-East and something more from Masulipatan to the North-West Taken by the Great Mogul in 1687. Decan is sometimes called the Kingdom of Visapour from this City Uisbui a Town in Gothland Uistre Vitreus a small River in the Territory of Nismes in Languedoc Uistula one of the greatest Rivers of Poland which in ancient times was the boundary between Germany and Sarmatia Called anciently by Pliny Vistullus Ptolemy Istula Pomponius Mela Visula Ammianus Marcellinus Bistula now by the Sclavonians Weissel and by the Poles Wissa It springeth out of the Carpathian Hills in the Vpper Silesia in the Borders of Hungary flowing E and being augmented with the Sala watereth Crakow then taking in the Dunâ—â—eck the Nida the Wislaca and turning North the Vieprez and the Pilecka and watering Cerâ—kâ— and Warsaw it admits the Bâ—g and Bsura above Plociko from the East Beneath it washeth Doberzin Thorn Culm Newenburgh At Marienwerder divides into two Branches The Eastern passeth by Margenburgh and Elbing into the Bay of Dantzick the Western subdivides into two other Branches The most Western of which goes by Dantzick into the same Bay and so into the Baltick Sea being at its full one of the noblest Streams in the World but so shallow that a great Ship cannot come up to the City Uitefleu Vitefleur Guitefledu Vitefloda a River near Calais in France Uiterbo Viterbium a City in S. Peter's Patrimony which is a Bishops See immediately under the Pope great and populous at the foot of an Hill 40 Miles from Rome to the North-West and from Civita Vecchia to the North. Platina saith it was of old called Vâ—â—ulonia Four Popes lye interred in the Cathedral In 1614. and 1624. the Bishop of it held 2 Synods here It is the Capital of the Province Uitre or Vitry le Francois Victoriacum Francicum a Town in Champagne in la Perche upon the Marne 7 Leagues from Chaalons towards Diziers King Francis I. built it and honoured it with his Name to distinguish it from Vitri le Brulè hard by which was heretofore a considerable Castle Uitstock a Town in Brandenbourgh where the Swedes and Saxons got a great Victory over the Imperialists in 1636. Uivaretz Vioariensis Tractus a Province in Languedoc called also Vivarais Bounded on the East by the Rhosne which parts it from the Dauphiné on the North by Forez and Velay on the West by Givaudan and on the South by the Lower Languedoc separated by the River Ardeche and Vsez The Capital City of it is Viviers the rest are Annonay Aubenas Privas and Tournon A part of it is mountainous and much exceeded in Fertility by the Plains that lye along the Rhosne About 22 Leagues long and 17 broad Divided into the Upper and Lower Vivaretz by the River Erieu Uiviers Vivario Vivarium Vivario Albiensium the Capital City of Vivaretz which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vienne and stands upon a steep Hill upon the Rhosne 4 Leagues from S. Esprit to the North and 5 from Valence to the South The Maps place it 12. It is risen out of the Ruines of Abs Alba Helviorum which being destroyed by the barbarous Nations in 430 its See was translated hither There are divers Churches adorning this City Uize Byzia an inland City of Thrace upon a River of the same name in the Borders of Bulgaria 50 Miles from Haraclea to the North. Now an Ar. Bishops See and the Seat of one of the Sangiacks of Romania Uizzegrad or Plindenbourgh Visegradia a small but strong City in Hungary upon a Hill near the Danube 3 Miles from Gran and 8 from Buda It was one of the Country Palaces of the Kings of Hungary and has a Castle which Matthias Corvinus K. of Hungary very much beautified Lewis K. of Hungary died here in 1382. The Germans call it Plindenburg Ukraine Vkrania Vcrania Okraina a Province of Red Russia in Poland so called because it is the Marches between Poland Moscovy and the lesser Tartary and no less frequently called the Palatinate of Kiovia It is divided into two parts by the Nieper The Cossacks inhabit this vast Country which are in part under the Poles in part under the Russ The Industry of the latter Kings has filled it with Villages Castles Towns and Forts at this day very much cultivated That part to the East of the Nieper is under the Russ For the Boundaries see Kiovia Ula Treâ—k Vln a Lake in Sweden in the Province of Bothnia Uladislaw Vladislavia a small City in the greater Poland the Capital of the Province of Cujavie and a Bishops See under the Ar. Bishop of Gnesira called by the Poles Wladissaw It stands upon the Vistula between Pâ—osko to the North-West and Thorn to the South-East 5 Polrsh Miles from either Made a Bishops See in 1173. Ulie Flevo Flevum an Island at the mouth of the Rhine in Holland 3 Leagues from the Shoars of Friseland where the Dutch Fleets use to rendezvous when they go upon any Expedition Ulles-Water a Lake upon the Borders of Cumberland and Westmorland which yields great plenty of Fish Ulm Vlma a City of Germany in the Circle of Schwaben whereof it is the Capital called by the French Oulme great strong rich and populous It stands upon the Danube and the Iler 12 German Miles from Tubingen and 24 from Strasbourgh 10 from Ausbourgh In the Titles of the middle Age it is called Hulma in the more ancient Alcimoenis Not walled before 1300. Charles the Great gave it to the Abbey of Richenow by Constance and being redeemed from this Servitude in 1346. Lewis of Bavaria made it a Free City It embraced the Reformation in 1529. In 1552. it suffered much from the Protestant Princes yet to this day it perseveres in the Augustane Confession Allowing to the Roman Catholicks 2 Churches but excluding them from their Secret Council Long. 32. 00. Lat. 48. 16. Ultzen a Town in the Dutchy of Lunenbourgh in the Lower Saxony upon the River Ilmenaw or Die Aw 5 German Miles from the City Lunenbourgh to the South and the same distance from Dannebergh to the West Ulstet Vltonia the most Northern of the four Provinces of the Kingdom of Ireland called by the Irish Cui Gully by the English Ulster by the Welsh Wltw bounded on the North by the Ocean on the West by Canought and the Ocean on the South by Leinster and on the East by the Irish Sea
and in 1546. kept in it a Chapter of the Order of the Golden Fleece It had then 4 Collegiate Churches divers Abbeys and Ecclesiastical Houses But in 1577. they with the rest of Holland revolted from the Spaniards In 1559. it had been advanced to an Archbishoprick by Pope Paul IV. and nine Suffragan Bishops assigned to this See which was one of the occasions of the Revolt In 1636. it was made an University and in 1672. it fell for a short time into the hands of the French but is since returned to its former liberty the Learned Dr. Brown has given a short account of the present State of this City in his Travels Pag. 101. Long. 26. 26. Lat. 52. 10. The State of Vtretcht Sticht van Utretcht is the fifth of the Vnited Provinces Bounded South West and North with Holland and on the East by Guelderland Besides its Capital it has Wick the Seat of the Bishops Duerstede Rhenen Amersford and Monfort which are fortified strong places and about sixty great Villages Uulxin the same with Veuxin Uxbridge a large Market Town in the Coun. of Middlesex in the Hundr of Elt horn upon the River Coln Uzerche Vsarcha Vsarchia a Town in the Lower Limosin in Aquitain in France upon the River Vezere adorned with an Abbey and a Castle The Abbot is Lord of the Town Uzes Vcetia Vtica Vzetia Castrum Vseticense a City of the Lower Languedoc in France upon the River Eisent which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Narbonne and honored with the Title of a Dukedom by King Charles VI. after it had born the Titles first of both a Barony and a Viscounty The Bishop enjoys the Honor to be a Count and joynt Lord of the place with the King Therefore it hath three Castles for the King the Duke and the Bishop A rich populous and well traded City John de S. Gelais its Bishop in the last Age embraced the Reformed Religion and married an Abbess 't is said he abjured it again before his death and was buried in the Abbey of S. Maixant In 1635. there was a Synod held here It stands 3 Leagues from Nismes to the North and 6 from Avignon to the West Long. 25. 10. Lat. 43. 36. Vzeste a Castle in the Territory of Bazadois in Guyenne in France betwixt Bourdeaux and Bazas Remarkable for the Tomb of Pope Clement V. sometime Archbishop of Bourdeaux who was born at Villandrand a Village one League from this Castle died at the Castle of Roque-Maure two Leagues from Avignon in 1314 and was interred here in 1316. WA WAad Vaudum a Territory in Switzerland called by the French Le Pais de Vaud which was a part of the Dutchy of Savoy till 1536. and now subject to the Canton of Berne It is bounded on the South by the Lake of Lemane on the West by Gex and the Franche Comte on the East by Berne on the North in part by Berne and in part by Friburgh The Capital of it is Lausanne The other good Towns are Avenches or W 〈…〉 purg Yverdon Mouldon and Nyon It is sometimes written Vault Wadstein a Town in the Province of Ostrogothia in Sweden Die Wael Helium Vahalis Vacalos the middle Branch of the Rhine which divides from it at Schencken a Fort beneath Emmeren and watering Nimmeguen Tiel and Bommel falls into the Maes above Gorcum a City of Holland Waga Vagus a River in Scandia Wageren Wagria or Wagerlandt a small Territory in Holland towards the Baltick Sea between Lubeck to the South and Kâ—el to the North. The Cities of it are Lubeck Oldesto Pâ—oen Segeberg and Oldenburg which are divided between the King of Denmark the Dukes of Holstein and the Bishop of Lubeck Wainfleet or Waynfleet a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the division of Lindsey and the Hundred of Chandleshow upon a Wash in a fenny gound which empties it self into the Sea not far from hence Made famous by giving Name and Birth to William of Waynfleet Bishop of Winchester the Founder of Magdalen College in Oxon and of a Free-School in this Town Wakefield a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Agbridge upon the River Calder here covered with a fair Stone Bridge which King Edward IV. adorned with a â—â—â—ely Chappel It is a large Town well built of Stone of good Antiquity and drives the Cloathing Trade Walachia Valachia a considerable Province of the Kingdom of Hungary called by the Germans Walachey by the Turks Iâ—â—akia and by the Poles Wolochy It is a part of the antient Dacia and stands now divided into the Provinces of Walachia and Moldavia of the latter I have spoken in its proper place The former is bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Poland and Red-Russia on the East by Bessarabia on the South by Bulgaria separated from it by the Danube and by Moldavia which last also bounds it to the West It is much less than the Maps commonly make it also commonly misplaced and set where Moldavia should stand The History of it is delivered in Moldavia To which I shall only add here that after Mahomet IV. Emperor of the Turks was deposed and Solyman his Brother set up in his stead and that the Duke of Lorain had seized Transylvania the Prince and States of Walachia in 1687. and 88. rendered themselves under the Emperor's Protection upon condition That the Succession in the Government of that Principality shall be continued to the Heirs Male of the present Prince and the States be preserved in the Possession of their just Rights and Privileges paying to the Emperor the Annual Tribute of 50000 Crowns This Country extends from East to West 90 French Leagues from North to South 50 in form Triangular The Plains would be very fruitful if they were well cultivated but being little peopled much ravaged by the Turks and Tartars and lying in common they are over-run with Weeds for here is little or no Wood. The Mountains have rich Mines but they are as much neglected their Religion is that of the Greek Church The present Valvode is Matthis George Gista set up in 1658. by the late Sultan of the Turks Walcheten Valacria one of the Islands at the Mouth of the Schelde which compose the Province of Zeland in the Vnited Netherlands It s Capital City is Middleburgh New Walcheren the same with Tabago Waldeck Valdecum a County in Hassia between Westphalia to the West Hassia to the East and South and Paderborne to the North under a Count of its own yielding Wine Corn and several sorts of Mines The principal places in it are Curback and Waldeck which last stands upon the Eder 5 German Miles from Cassel to the West and 7 from Marpurg to the North. Walden a Market Town in the County of Essex in the Hundred of Vttlesford upon an Eminence likewise called Saffron-Walden from its situation amongst pleasant and profitable Fields of Saffron Walderswick a Sea Town in the County of Saffolk and
it afterwards in 1544. and kept it all his Life Edward the VI. in the Disorders of his Minority sold or surrendred it to the French again for a much less sum of Money than it cost the Crown of England to gain it The Bishop's See was translated hither from Tournay when the English took that City It lies in Longitude 22. 42. Latitude 50. 30. § Also a small Town in the Province of Gascoigne near the River Gers upon the borders of Bigorre Le Boulenois or the County belonging to Bologne lies in the North part of the Province of Picardy bounded on the West by the British Sea on the North by the County of Guisnes on the East by Artois and on the South by the County of Ponthieu from which last it is separated by the River Canche This County was once an Earldom of it self during which time it gave one King to England and another to Jerusalem Godfrey III. was the latter and King Stephen of England the other it continued so till Bertrand de la Tour the last Earl of it in 1477. sold it to Lewis XI of France who with mighty Ceremony did homage to the Virgin Mary and made her some Promises which his Successors never thought of keeping as may be seen in Dr. Heyli's Cosmography The Bolognese a Territory adjacent to the City of Bologna in Italy generally epitheted la Grassa from its Fruitfulness Dove si legano le vigne con salsâ—ccie where the Vines are tied up with Sausages says the Proverb Bolsena Volsinium a City of S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy which was the seat of a Bishop untill the Translation thereof to Orvieto It gives Name to the Lake Bolsena in which the Island of Matana stands where the Queen Amalazonte was put to death by the ungrateful Theodatus Bolsover a Market-Town in Derbyshire in the Hundred of Scarsdale The Duke of Newcastle has a Seat here Bolswert or Boleswart a Town in West-Friâ—sland in the Earldom of Holland about 3 Leagues from Leeu Warden Bolton a Market-Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Salford with the Title of a Duke of late to the Lord Marquess of Winchester Bolzano a small Town in the Vicentine in Italy under the Republick of Venice upon the River Adige Others place it in the Trentine and say it is a very Trading Place Bombon a Province of Peru in the West-Indies towards the River Xauxa Bommel Bommelia an Island beautified with a fair Town in the Dutchy of Guelderland The Town stands upon the River Maes two German Miles from Boislâ—duc towards Vtrecht and belongs properly as a Fee to the Dutchy of Brabant in the Confines of which it is but it is under the Vnited Provinces In 1672 it was taken by the French and deserted the next year after they had dismantled it The Island in which it stands is about thirteen Miles in length and lies between the Wael to the North and the Maes to the South call'd by the Dutch Bommelweert Some take it for the Insula Batavorum of Cesar Bon Bonna Ara Vbiorum and Verona Bonne is one of the principal Cities of the Bisho rick of Cologne and the usual Seat of that Elector upon the Rhine four German Miles from Cologne It was first a Roman Colony called Colonia Julia Bonna and frequently mention'd in the ancient Historians on that Account In the middle Ages it became a Free Imperial City Frederick of Austria was here elected and Crowned in 1314. against Lewis of Bavaria In 942. here was a Synod held In 1588. the Duke of Parma took it by Famine In 1673. the Prince of Orange took it from the French who had surprised it the year before and restored it to the Empire it has for a long time been exempted from the Empire and possessed by the Electors of Cologne Accordingly the Cardinal of Furstemburg in pursuance of his Election to the Archbishoprick of Cologne Jul. 19. 1688. took possession of it whose Pretences on the one side being justified by the King of France and on the other being opposed both by the Emperor and the Pope produc'd the general War that now flames among the European Princes And though Bonne in this Conjuncture was strongly inforced for its Security with a French Garrison yet after about a Months Siege by the Elector of Brandenburg with the Forces of the Allies under his Command it was obliged to surrender to them Octob. 12. 1689. This Town lies in Long. 28. 40. Lat. 50. 42. § Bonne Hippo a City of the Province of Constantine in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa upon the Mediterranean famous for it's being an Episcopal See heretofore in the Person of the Great S. Austin Hippo was quite destroy'd by the Caliphr in 651. This of Bonne was built near its Ruines and call'd by the Arabians Beled-el-Vgneb by the Christians Bonne as being the best and fruitfulest Country in Barbary The K. of Tunis built it a Castle in the year 1500. Charles V. Emperor destroy'd all its Fortifications in 1535. The Turks have since repaired it and it is provided with a little Port. § Also a Town in the Province of Fossigni in the Dukedom of Savoy upon the Rivulet of Menoy or Monole 3 or 4 Leagues from Geneva supposed to be the ancient Banta Bonaire one of the Leeward Islands of America which has its name from the Goodness of the Air. Taken from the Dutch by the Buccaniers in 1686. in 12 d. of Lat. Bonconvento a small Town in the Province of Tuscano in Italy upon the River Ombrone near Siena It was here that the Emperor Henry VII was poysoned in 1313. Boncourt a Village upon the River Eure in the Diocese of Eureux in the Province of Normandy in France Strangely consumed by an unaccountable Wild-fire in the 4 years preceding 1670. Boni a Town upon the Loire between Nevers and Orleans the ancient residence of the Knights of S. Lazarus an Order now abolished in France and incorporated with that of S. Maurice in Savoy Bonifacio a City in the Island of Corsica which has a Port belonging to it Thought to be the Palla of Ptolemy It is well built and traded and secured by one of the best Fortresses in Europe The Streights betwixt the Islands of Corsica and Sardinia receive the Name of le Bocche di Bonifacio from hence which Geographers conclude to be the same with the Fretum Taphros of Pliny the Fretum Etruscum of Ptolemy and the Sinus Sardonius of Eustatius They are sometimes also called le bocche di Beixonnere Bonneval a Town in the Province of Beauce upon the Loyre in France 6 Leagues from Chartres and 3 from Chasteau dun Boâ—h its Name and Rise is come from a great Abbey of the Benedictines here Bonneville Bonopolis the Capital Town of the Province of Fossigni in Savoy about 5 Leagues from Annecy and Geneva upon the River Arve at the Foot of the Mountains and at present but little considerable Bononia in Italian