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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A13233	The Svvedish intelligencer. The third part. VVherein, out of the truest and choysest informations, are the famous actions of that warlike prince historically led along; from the Norimberg Leaguer, unto the day of his death, at the victory of Lutzen. With the election of the young Queene of Sweden: and the Diet of Heilbrun. The times and places of every action, being so sufficiently observed and described; that the reader may finde both truth and reason in it. Vnto which is added the fourth part. VVherein, the chiefest of those military actions of other Swedish generalls, be related: wherein the King himselfe, was not personally with the army; Swedish intelligencer. Part 3-4	Watts, William, 1590?-1649.	1633 (1633)	STC 23525; ESTC S118126	296,624	457

Wirtembergs countrie Leaving therefore a sufficient part of the Armie with the Rhinegrave for keeping what was conquered in Alsatia he the eighteenth of December passes the Rhine at Schona to goe against the Bavarians about the Danubie These he quickly made to finde the way over their Lech againe and since then with the assistance of Duke Bernard and Banier hath forced quite out of Bavaria to another part of the Danubie even their old starting holes of Ingolstat and of Regenspurg But this prosecution I meane not to meddle with Turne we back now to the Landgrave of Hesseus victories THE ACTIONS AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE LANDGRAVE OF HESSEN From the time of his receiving some aides from the King of Sweden at Werben untill his joyning with the said King againe about the Ringaw A Storie of some 3 moneths THat our Reader may not mistake the chief person in the Action t is Landgrave William of Hessen-Cassel whom wee treate of Son and heire unto that so famous and learned Prince Maurice of Hessen who was yet alive at Franckford banisht from his owne Estate by the Emperor The chiefe of the quarrell which the Emperor had to him was for his Religion and some Church-lands The Landgraves complaint against the Emperor againe was for a Sentence partly by Caesar passed against him Anno 1623 by which the towne and Universitie of Maxpurg in Hessen were adjudged away from him unto his Cozin the Landgrave Lodowick of Hessen Darmstat a Lutherane by profession and not so point blanck opposite unto the Catholicke partie and whose sonne hath been a diligent instrument of the Emperors to draw the King of Sweden to a Treatie when he lay at Mentz and still works with his Father in Law the Elector of Saxonie to the same purpose Of this Imperiall Sentence the Elector of Cullen with him of Saxonie had been one of the Commissioners and Executioners which made the Landgrave stomack him After that the businesse of Germany became on the Catholicke side a Leaguer-warre and a Quarrell of Religion then were the Protestants on all hands laid at by these Leaguers as well as by the Emperor every of them flying upon his next neighbour Whereas therefore the Landgrave had chiefely been borne downe by the Electors of Mentz and Cullen on the one side and by the neere Abbies of Fulda and Hirschfeld on the other with these he now begins to cry quittance so soone namely as he findes himselfe strong enough and that the King of Sweden had so potently already advanced into Germany To make way therefore for this Landgraves invading of others wee will first shew you how hee cleered his owne Countrey at home even then infested by the Imperialists About the beginning of September 1631 as in our First Part wee have told you the Landgrave returnes from the King of Sweden with some aides for the guard of his owne Countrey and that gallant Cavalier Duke Bernard of Saxon-Weymar was also at this time with him The Landgrave being returned first musters up an Armie of some 4000 Foot whereof 3600 were old soldiers the rest traind Boores and amongst them 3 Companies of hardie Forrestiers and Huntsmen of which last kinde of people the Princes of these woodie countries have a great multitude To these 4000 Foot were 1000 Horse and 2 peeces of ordnance joyned His quarrell seemed chiefely to be intended against the Bishopricks and Abby-lands which was as crosse as might be unto the late Imperiall Decree of Ratisbone And not so onely but even against the Imperiall familie also The Emperors second sonne Prince Rodolph William was now Abbot of Hirschfeld in Hessen-land next neighbour unto the Landgraves owne possessions This yong Prince upon the resignation of his Unckle the Archduke Leopold was made Priest and had his Bishopricks of Passaw and Strasburg in lieu of which the Archduke was made Administrator of all the lands of the house of Gratz of which this Emperor is in Alsatia Tirole c. This Princely yong Priest was in the yeare 1628 chosen Abbot of Hirschfeld aforesaid and should have beene Archbishop of Madenburg also whose missing of it was the destruction of that goodly Citie He had the Abby of Hirschfeld with condition that the Landgraves right unto the Citie and the Citizens freedome of religion should be reserved The present Abbot and Prince of Fulda was one Iohn Bernard Schenck of Schweinsberg Elected Anno 1623. who by the Title of his Abby is likewise one of the Princes of the Empire To the towne of Fulda hath the Landgrave some pretences also This towne of Hirschfeld and the Abby-lands about it being upon the river Fulda in the very heart of Hassia were since these warres still guarded by some Imperiall forces and military men for the most part being nothing daintie of committing Actions of Trespasses had trenched with the furthest upon the Landgraves Royalties and the Cities priviledges This was another of the greevances Towards this Hirschfeld therefore so soon as he came from the King the Landgrave converts his forces He cleeres Hirschfeld The Generall Fugger was already gone out of his countrey hasting to be one at the Battle of Leipsich by which meanes had the Landgrave the better opportunity to bring the place to a composition That done he about the middle of the moneth advances Westward unto Fritzlar with the 5000 men afore mentioned This handsome towne though scituated upon the river Eder within the boūds of Hassia close unto the Frontiers of Waldeck yet belonged it unto the Archbishop Elector of Mentz and had beene often heretofore quarrelled at by the former Landgraves The garrison answeres his summons as if they held for Iupiter in thunder and lightning namely such as they could make with their ordnance The Landgrave replies as if he had Commission from Vulcan for having gained to the gate by his Approaches he claps to a Petard by that breach his soldiers rush into the City Then would the garrison have compounded Takes Fritzlar but soldiers whose very vocation suffers them not to be too tender-hearted use not when victorious to listen too suddenly to the word Quarter The Execution being over the towne is plundered and doe the Landgrave what he could with his drawn sword to beate off his owne people yet for 2 houres together they flew upon the spoile The Landgrave gave as good order as the present furie would hearken to for the sparing of the Ecclesiasticks for all which a many soldiers came Masking abroade in the Monks and Friers Cowles and Habits the rude Forrestiers perchance mistooke the Monks in their severall Weedes for some strange wilde beasts such as they used to kill in the woods and to goe marching home with the skinnes upon their shoulders The Hassians shewed the more spleene against this towne for that the Governour had scoffed heretofore at their Landgrave had plundered 2 of his dorps in the jurisdiction of Girdersberg and disarmed the soldiers that defended them

forces they had now to deale withall never staid to charge the second time but turned their backes with all speed and in much disorder hastened downe the hill againe The Fins charge them upon the croopes and the Rhinegrave followed them downe the hill likewise There were 10 fresh Spanish Cornets now comming into the succour of their fellowes who meeting them altogether now in rout turne the bridle in like manner and runne away with them for company towards the leaguer The Swedish still pursued till the Spanish had recovered under favour of their owne Canon In this flight the Spanish left 5 8 some say Horsemens Cornets behind them with about 120 common souldiers Don Lucas his Liefetenant-Colonel whom they called Generall Adjutant was here taken prisoner together with 2 Ritt-masters or Horse-captaines some few Officers and divers common souldiers all which were sent to Mentz to be kept in durance for their ransome And now because wee have chanced upon these two names of Commissary-Generall of the Cavallery and General-Adjutant it shall not be amisse I hope for the understanding of our storie the better to digresse a little for the expounding of these two offices I take it that this Commissary-Generall of the Cavallerie is not altogether unlike a Sergeant Major of the horse in the Swedish discipline beyond whom he hath the power of a Commissarie for the provision of the troopes See how many marching men make up a compleat Brigade in our Booke of the Swedish discipline over which he is Major Hee is called Commissary-Generall because his command is not in a single Regiment alone but either over all the horse of the Armie or some Brigade at least in it Which Brigade in the Spanish discipline is not so small a Bodie of men as the Swedish Brigades be but it is a full Tercio so the Spanish call a Brigade that is a whole third part of the Armie how many soever the Armie be The General-Adjutant that was Leiftenant to this Commissary was the Leiftenant-Colonel to his Regiment The General-Adjutants office is to bee assistant to the Generall That is to be sent abroad for the giving or speeding of the Generalls commands to the rest of the armie He is commonly some able man or some favourite at least unto the Generall His place in the Armie is that of a Leiftenant-Colonel of whom hee hath precedence but is behinde all Colonels A General-Adjutant is the same officer which in our English discipline wee call a Corporall of the field The French call him Vn aide de Camp an Aide or Assistant of the field To returne to our Storie The Spaniards being thus put to the rout and having in the time passed since the last fight had about 100 of their men slaine and as many more taken prisoners that had beene sent out upon espyalls and for provisions the rest collecting by the sequell that the Swedish armies were alreadie drawne out into the field they all that day and the next after it contained themselves within their quarters There if by their next actions wee may suppose did they thus resolve among themselves That seeing Mentz was too strong to be medled withall and that the Swedish forces now comne together were likely to be upon them at every turne and to way-lay them withall upon their march betwixt Mentz and the Palatinate The next purposes of the Spanish that therefore the best of their play would be by a sudden advancing to get before them and by making towards Frankendale to re-enforce themselves by joyning with Don Philip. Their next purpose was to take in Spires citie and the townes next unto it where being backed with the neighbourhood of William Marquesse of Baden Ossa and Harincourt all then in the neerer parts of Alsatia they resolved to expect the comming of the Swedish and there to accept or offer battell according to occasion or advantage This as if it had beene the maine of their intention they next day put in execution April 14 therefore breaking up from thence They dislodg they march to Altzeim 12 English miles to the Southward of them Here they quarter for that night holding very faire correspondencie towards the townsmen From Altzeim goe they the 15 unto Bockenheim a dorp with a castle at it and make towards Spiers citie nere unto Neulingen 16 English miles further to the Southward where upon the downes or wylde and hillie heath they for that night encamped Hence mig●● their fires be discerned from off Wormbs steeple Facing it about now to the Left they the 16 arrive at Grunstat a towne but one league and a halfe from Bockenheim to Wormbs-ward and within 7 or 8 English miles of it Hither the same day out of Franckendale 9 English miles to the South of Wormbs and upon the same river of Rhine with it comes Don Philip de Sylva Don Philip de Sylva joynes with them with 2000 horse and foot 3000 some name and 10 pieces of ordinance to joyne with them The Spanish thus re-enforced and so neere now unto the Imperiall citie of Wormbs verily beleeved it was that they had a moneths minde towards it But from these thoughts was Don Philip able to disswade them who having beene so neere a neighbour unto Wormbs these many yeares could well enough now enforme them how strong a garrison of Swedish foot with 8 Cornets of horse besides the Traine-bands of the Burgers there now was within the citie For this reason perchance did the Spaniards forbeare to attempt upon it The next day April 17 againe facing it about to the Right towards Spiers citie they make which then bare due South of them That night unto Turckenheim they come 2 leagues and a halfe from Grunstat By this time had they well enough stored themselves with other mens cattell and such like countrey provisions Souldiers commonly especially if enemies having this good qualitie with them not to leave but to take The wood is called Hart in which it standeth things where they finde them April 18 they get up as farre as Neustat upon the Hart by the small river of Spierbach a very good towne 9 English miles due south of Turckheim All these places t is true lie not in a straight line from Altzeim unto Spiers and yet not much out of the way neither but being good townes the Spanish thought not too much of the labour to steppe aside a little for to take them April 19 turning a little more to the Eastward they reach 4 leagues further and within 5 English miles of Spiers citie The next day being the 20 they first shew themselves before the ports of it and the grosse of their Armie being in the afternoone comne up they immediately shew them their Canon and demand up the citie A faire but not very strong Imperiall town this is yea the Chamber of the Empire The place of it is upon the Westerne bancke of the river Rhine some 11 or

a little from thence falleth into the Ill about 13 English miles to the South of Schletstat Colmar besieged The Imperiall Governor being resolved to hold the place and the Citizens perceiving him not able to doe it there fals out a difference upon it betwixt the Burgers and the Soldierie The townsmen feared that by the Governors obstinacie their City would be taken by assault and then should their houses be plundered or worse served and therfore presse the Governour to a Parlee He refusing the citizens getting all their Billmen at once together they just at dinner time on Sunday December the ninth sease upon the Governor with his Leiftenant and imprison them kill many of his soldiers that resisted them and sent word with all speed unto Gustavus Horn to come and take their citie This made their conditions to be the better and these they were By this you see that these townes of Schletstat and Colmar did not as yet know of the death of the King of Sweden 1. His Majestie of Sweden is contented to suffer the citie of Colmar still to remaine as a Romish Catholicke citie and in the enjoyment of the same her priviledges Immunities and rights aswell the Spiritualty as the Temporaltie which they had in the yeare 1626 nor will his Majestie assume more authoritie over the same Citie then the Romane Caesars have heretofore exercised 2. The King will receive the Ecclesiasticall persons both men and women into his protection and leave them the free exercise of their owne Religion 3. In the ordering of the Magistracie the King shall please to haue consideration of the wellfare and safetie of the townsmen and that with respect unto the ancient customes not bringing in any new impositions 4. The citie shall not be over-burthened with a greater garrison then they shall well be able to maintaine and the billetting of them shall be at the discretion of the Magistrates according to their former orders 5. All that were willing still to remaine within the City would his Majesty take the protection of and whoever were minded to depart should have free leave and libertie These Articles were dated at Horburg Decem. 10. 1632. and signed Gustavus Horn. Munday morning December the tenth was the Imperiall garrison turned out at the Ports to shift for their own safeties the Townsmen not so much you see as putting in one Article in favour of them The same night did Gustavus Horn personally enter into Colmar without exacting any one halfe Dollar from the townsmen The onely thing that he added unto the Articles which was by entreatie too was that the Lutherans might have their old Church again within the towne with the free exercise of Religion as heretofore they had enjoyed This being granted the Lord Commissary-Generall and Resident Glazer Religion restored in Colmar the Lord Iohn Noe and many principall Protestants who now lived in exile for their conscience sake at Strasburg did the 14 of December returne backe againe unto their owne houses in Colmar That day was there a Sermon of Thanksgiving preached there by Doctor Iohn Smidt Superintendent of the Augustane Confession who with the rest had the selfe-same day five yeares beene exiled out of Colmar His Excellencie Gustavus Horn had in the meane time sent the Leiftenant-Generall the Baron of Croneck Hagenau yeelded to the Swedish unto the Imperiall citie of Hagenaw 12 English miles to the North of Strasburg His message to the Magistrates was that if they thought good to submit themselves unto the Swedish protection then should their ancient Estate Priviledges Rights and Customes be left entire unto them but if not all should be by force confiscated The charges of the war moreover which he should be put unto for the conquering of them should doubly bee exacted out of their purses These offers being sent unto them by a fortunate and a conquering Armie became prevalent at the first motion and were accepted of Thus easily was Hagenau made Swedish having not so much as seene the countenance of a Swede till they tooke some of them in to be their garrison And thus became the valiant and discreet Gustavus Horn the great conqueror of the Vpper Alsatia and as much of the Lower too as there needed And that wee may dispatch all the warres in these quarters neere the Rhine at once by this time was the town of Franckendale in the Palatinate given over by the Spaniards The King of Bohemia by treating with the towne had before his death drawn the Governor Werres unto these conditions 1. That upon the eleventh of November himselfe with all his soldiers should march out of Franckendale Franckendale rendred in this equipage That is to say with Colours flying Drummes beating trumpets sounding 3 Brasse peeces of ordnance and such other ammunition as themselves had brought in thither 2. That the Spaniards should be allowed 200 wagons for the carrying away of their baggage 3. That they should have a sufficient Swedish garrison to convoy them unto the frontiers of Luxemburg Upon these termes were the Spaniards by agreement with the King of Bohemia to have left the towne upon the eleventh of November but whereas they were to have received 7000 Rex Dollars for such ordnance and Ammunition as they had heretofore brought into it and now left behinde them perchance upon the King of Bohemia'es sicknesse first and death afterwards they could not sooner receive their monyes The Gentleman employed by the King to treate with the Spaniards was Colonell Colb and they were put to it by the King of Spaines and the Archduchesses agreement with King Iames now also pressed by King Charles to deliver up the towne unto the Prince Palatine so soone as he should be able to keepe and maintaine it The Spaniards would never treate with the King of Sweden about it but with the Prince Palatines Ministers only so that now the King of Bohemia being likely enough to hold it they condiscend to deliver it And indeed they had Commission from Brussels for it being the willinger now to part with it so faire a way for that they saw Gustavus Horn perchance would not let them long have held it And yet this might they have done too had they known that he should have beene so soone sent for out of those Quarters towards Bavaria The Spaniards marching out November 26. a garrison of countrey boores is put into Franckendale to keepe it for the Princes Palatines There being now no more townes besides Vdenheim and Heidleberg in those parts of the Rhinish Circle which were not Swedish the victorious Gustavus Horn received directions from Chancellor Oxenstiern to march up into Bavaria and to joyne with the Generall Banier the Bavarians being strong enough at that time to fall a great way over their river Lech Gustavus Horn leaving part of the Armie with the Rhinegrave marches up into Bavaria with the residue even to the bancks of the Danubie in the Duke of

Elb 2 he blew up with gunpowder and left above 40 upon the walls Three hundred Quintalls of gunpowder each Quintall being 100 pound weight he left behinde him which had it not beene concealed from him hee would surely have put fire unto or have carryed away with him A world of Match was there left and of corne pease and oates great plenty And all this was found in it when as upon the Munday after Pappenheims going my Lord Marquesse entered it The Generall Baniers Army My Lord Marquesse enters Magdenburg staid about Kalbe till Duke William of Saxon-Weymar came into those parts to joyne with him to pursue Pappenheim and my Lord Marquesses men till towards the end of the moneth that they went towards Halberstate He and Banier part companies Their way lay Westward by Egelen 16 miles thence to Gruningen 12 miles whence 6 miles further unto Halberstat where they staid above a quarter of a yeare for the guard of the towne and countrey He going to To the King of Sweden till such time as they were taken on by Duke William as in the Kings Storie wee have told you From Halherstat upon the first of February went the Lord Marquesse towards the King of Sweden with whom the eleventh of the same moneth he arrived His Lordship as I have heard Sir Iacob Ashley tell who in that journey waited upon him was very graciously entertained by the King a concluding argument that what his Lordship had undertaken was very well accepted The King of Sweden besides his freedome of language wherein he used not to bee sparing against whatsoever had displeased him had a Spirit withall so highly mounted above all dissembling that it scorned to speake or to looke booty The Count of Pappenheim being arrived at Wolfenbuttle about the eleventh or twelfe of January Pappenheim goes from Wolfenbuttle hee leaves the luggage brought out of Magdenburg in this strong Citie and 1●00 or 2000 men with the Lord of Glein to defend it This towne was sometimes the Court and Residence of the Dukes of Brunswick untill Tilly of late yeares had taken it from the King of Denmarke and thrust Duke Vlricke thence by the unrulynesse of an Imperiall garrison For the Duke perceiving he had no command over his subjects by reason of the garrison so soone as ever he had consented to the Diet of Leipsich he pretending to goe a hunting went to reside in Brunswick towne and never since that time returned into Wolfenbuttle About the middle of the moneth the Count of Pappenheim sets forward into the countrey of Lunenburg whose eldest Duke Christian of Zella-Lunenburg is now heir apparent unto the childlesse Vlrick of Brunswick before-named Before his going he sends to the Imperiall towne of Brunswick 7 English miles downe the same river of Onacre with Wolfenbuttle to the Northward His demand was to be by that Citie furnished with a Viaticum or proportion of provisions for his journey This being a very strong towne which the Dukes of Brunswick though often they have attempted it could never make themselves Masters of had the courage to deny him this motion Now marches he up into Lunenburg and of that Duke he demands contribution towards Lunenburg and that his strong towne of Zel upon the river Alre should take in a garrison from him There be 5 Brothers of these Dukes of Lunenburg as I heare and all unmarryed except Duke George The eldest I have before named The second Brother is Duke George the man now comming upon the stage of warre for which purpose he was at this instant at Hamborow about his Bills of Exchange and getting up of monyes To Duke Christian was Pappenheim said to write his letters to this purpose That he should send Commissioners to him Writes to Lunenburg to agree upon his contributions labour to hinder the levies of his brother George and if he could not that way prevaile with him hee should either arrest his bodie and keepe it safely in Zell or else send that and the men he had begunne to levie into his Army Some speake of Pappenheims threatning to besiege Zell but this the Duke perchance would not be much afraid of his town being very neere as strong as Wolfenbuttle To be briefe the Duke excusing himselfe and compoūds with him that he had no power over his brother agreed with Pappenheim to give him 40000 Dollars monethly contribution This was the Dukes cheapest course for hee well knew that Pappenheim could never stay to take up the first paiment of it Duke William of Saxon-Weymar the Landgrave of Hessen and the Generall Banier the Duke understood to bee all at this instant comming against Pappenheim so that he knew he could never be able to stay in his countrey But for this Pappenheim had the best of Lunenburg for that he had alreadie nestled himselfe in the Freyheit or Freedome the strongest part of the Dukes countrey His way to it from Wolfenbuttle was to Steinbruck on the river Fuse 18 English miles from Wolfenbuttle Thence passing by Hanover 30 miles further he settles himselfe at Betterlo in the Freyheit 10 English miles from the river Weser A place it is to the North of Hanover having a pretty strong castle by it both round encompassed with 2 woods the 2 rivers Aller and Leine divers ditches and Morasses Avoyding out of the countrey so that there is but hard comming at it But here could he not stay above 5 or 6 dayes for that hearing by this time of the Generall Todts taking of Wismar and his comming or about to come over the Elb to the defence of the Bishop of Bremen and Dukes of Lunenburg as also of Duke Williams Hessens and Baniers approaching on the other side upon him he fearing to be driven up into the middle betwixt them makes with all speed towards the strong towne of Hamelen upon the Weser he passes beyond the Weser He had a good minde it appeared to have lived with his Armie till the Spring in the Lunenburgers countrey but fore-dooming by the preparations that these winter-moneths might prove hotter to him then the Dog-dayes that was the reason that he by Hamelen passed over the Weser to Quarter himselfe in a quieter countrey And t was time for him to get Hamelen upon his back upon which his enemies would else have beene We told you before of the comming of 300 Imperialists under 7 Ensignes out of Damitz these at this instant comming out of Helmstat where at his going to Magdenburg wee told you he had left them towards Hamelen to joyne with Pappenheim 300 Imperialists defeated were mett withall by a Partee of 150 Horse of Generall Baniers and cut all in peeces or made turne to the Swedish party The reason that facilitated this defeate was for that they thought themselves so farre from enemies and so secure in that neerenesse to Pappenheim that they marcht without burning matches This towne of Hamelen is