share_v the_o sole_a honour_n of_o the_o victory_n he_o will_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o his_o colleague_n in_o short_a he_o collect_v by_o all_o these_o circumstance_n that_o flaminius_n be_v likely_a to_o afford_v he_o many_o occasion_n to_o surprise_n he_o and_o lay_v ambush_n in_o his_o way_n to_o gall_n and_o molest_v he_o and_o in_o truth_n he_o be_v not_o mistake_v in_o the_o judgement_n he_o have_v make_v of_o this_o consul_n and_o most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o they_o think_v very_o wide_a of_o the_o truth_n who_o conceive_v that_o to_o acquire_v a_o right_a knowledge_n and_o take_v just_a measure_n of_o the_o humour_n and_o character_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o be_v to_o deal_v with_o be_v not_o among_o the_o prime_a quality_n and_o duty_n of_o a_o general_n for_o as_o not_o only_a when_o we_o fight_v man_n to_o man_n but_o when_o one_o rank_n charge_v another_o he_o who_o think_v of_o victory_n ought_v with_o exact_a care_n to_o observe_v what_o naked_a or_o weak_a part_n the_o enemy_n discover_v whereby_o to_o compass_v his_o end_n in_o like_a manner_n those_o who_o have_v the_o lead_v of_o army_n in_o time_n of_o war_n aught_o with_o skill_n and_o address_v to_o penetrate_v and_o discover_v the_o weak_a side_n of_o the_o mind_n of_o that_o captain_n with_o who_o he_o have_v to_o do_v for_o there_o be_v those_o who_o by_o a_o unaccountable_a kind_n of_o imbecility_n and_o a_o thoughtfulness_n which_o infect_v all_o the_o action_n of_o life_n be_v not_o only_o remiss_a in_o their_o public_a administration_n but_o forget_v what_o belong_v to_o the_o duty_n of_o their_o private_a affair_n some_o be_v so_o abandon_v to_o the_o use_n of_o wine_n that_o neglect_v nature_n invitation_n to_o repose_v they_o become_v at_o length_n unable_a to_o sleep_v otherwise_o than_o by_o the_o fume_n of_o excessive_a drink_v other_o be_v captivate_v by_o love_n who_o have_v not_o only_o thereby_o sacrifice_v the_o safety_n of_o city_n and_o great_a state_n but_o have_v themselves_o pay_v down_o their_o own_o life_n with_o infamy_n cowardice_n and_o a_o base_a mind_n be_v fault_n throughout_o the_o world_n but_o most_o capital_a in_o a_o general_n they_o be_v blemish_n to_o every_o private_a man_n wherever_o they_o be_v find_v and_o mark_v he_o with_o reproach_n but_o in_o the_o leader_n of_o a_o army_n they_o be_v a_o public_a curse_n and_o calamity_n for_o in_o short_a they_o be_v not_o only_o the_o cause_n of_o army_n languish_v in_o sloth_n and_o idleness_n without_o ever_o enter_v on_o action_n but_o they_o themselves_o who_o rely_v on_o such_o leader_n be_v often_o lead_v into_o precipice_n and_o inextricable_a danger_n rashness_n passion_n pride_n and_o vainglory_n be_v all_o so_o many_o inlet_n to_o the_o enemy_n success_n lead_v man_n as_o it_o be_v and_o subject_v they_o to_o the_o triumph_n of_o their_o foe_n and_o hurry_v their_o friend_n and_o those_o who_o trust_v they_o to_o perdition_n for_o such_o man_n be_v always_o expose_v to_o the_o train_n and_o stratagem_n of_o their_o enemy_n wherefore_o he_o who_o wise_o study_v and_o attain_v a_o right_a knowledge_n of_o the_o frailty_n and_o weak-side_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o attack_n he_o there_o by_o vanquish_a the_o leader_n will_v soon_o be_v master_n both_o of_o the_o general_n and_o his_o army_n for_o as_o a_o vessel_n that_o have_v once_o lose_v her_o pilot_n be_v not_o long_o able_a to_o dispute_v it_o with_o a_o enemy_n and_o by_o take_v he_o we_o soon_o become_v master_n of_o all_o that_o be_v under_o his_o charge_n so_o in_o war_n where_o the_o one_o general_n be_v superior_a in_o cunning_a or_o military_a ability_n to_o the_o other_o he_o shall_v also_o render_v his_o army_n superior_a to_o his_o enemy_n thus_o in_o a_o word_n our_o wise_a african_a have_v take_v a_o scantling_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n be_v capacity_n come_v at_o length_n to_o gain_v his_o point_n after_o hannibal_n have_v decamp_v from_o about_o fesulé_n and_o have_v march_v by_o and_o get_v some_o distance_n beyond_o the_o roman_a camp_n he_o sell_v on_o their_o frontier_n whereupon_o the_o consul_n become_v enrage_v to_o be_v thus_o contemn_v as_o he_o conceive_v but_o hannibal_n have_v no_o soon_o begin_v to_o spoil_v and_o ravage_v the_o country_n and_o the_o smoke_n which_o appear_v every_o where_n from_o far_o make_v it_o manifest_v that_o he_o be_v burn_v and_o destroy_v all_o before_o he_o flaminius_n can_v not_o then_o abstain_v from_o tear_n nevertheless_o when_o any_o undertake_v to_o advise_v that_o it_o will_v be_v the_o safe_a course_n however_o not_o to_o follow_v and_o engage_v temerarious_o with_o the_o enemy_n nor_o to_o come_v too_o hasty_o and_o without_o mature_a deliberation_n ration_n to_o a_o battle_n with_o a_o army_n so_o much_o superior_a to_o they_o in_o horse_n and_o above_o all_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o other_o consul_n and_o not_o adventure_v on_o action_n till_o all_o their_o troop_n be_v incorporate_v he_o lend_v so_o deaf_a a_o ear_n to_o these_o counsel_n that_o he_o have_v not_o patience_n so_o much_o as_o to_o hear_v they_o demand_v of_o those_o who_o thus_o advise_v he_o what_o they_o think_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n will_v say_v of_o he_o shall_v he_o permit_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o burn_v and_o destroy_v the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n up_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n while_o he_o remain_v in_o tuscany_n a_o idle_a spectator_n of_o the_o desolation_n of_o his_o country_n and_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o enemy_n without_o attempt_v any_o thing_n wherefore_o he_o decamp_v and_o cause_v the_o army_n to_o march_v and_o without_o regard_n to_o season_n or_o situation_n think_v on_o nothing_o but_o how_o he_o may_v come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n as_o if_o victory_n be_v the_o thing_n of_o all_o other_o he_o least_o doubt_v and_o in_o a_o word_n he_o have_v possess_v the_o army_n with_o so_o strong_a a_o expectation_n of_o success_n that_o there_o be_v see_v more_o camp-wenche_n and_o the_o rake_v holy_a equipage_n of_o boy_n a_o vagabond_n follow_v the_o army_n than_o there_o be_v soldier_n who_o bare_a arm_n and_o all_o this_o rabble_n bring_v with_o they_o chain_n and_o shackle_n to_o secure_v the_o prisoner_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n lead_v his_o army_n through_o tuscany_n on_o that_o quarter_n that_o lie_v towards_o rome_n leave_v the_o city_n of_o corone_n and_o the_o neighbour_a mountain_n on_o his_o left-hand_a and_o on_o his_o right_n the_o lake_n thrasimene_n and_o the_o more_o to_o provoke_v the_o roman_n he_o sack_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o town_n that_o lay_v in_o his_o march_n and_o do_v they_o all_o the_o other_o mischief_n that_o be_v the_o product_n of_o the_o cruel_a war._n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v notice_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o flaminius_n and_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o ground_n proper_a to_o put_v his_o design_n in_o execution_n he_o resolve_v to_o delay_v sight_v no_o long_o the_o ground_n he_o have_v choose_v lie_v thus_o there_o be_v a_o tract_n of_o plain_a even_a ground_n stretch_v out_o in_o length_n a_o good_a distance_n this_o level_n or_o vale_n lay_v between_o and_o be_v enclose_v on_o both_o side_n with_o high_a mountain_n the_o far_a end_n thereof_o be_v bound_v by_o a_o inaccessible_a eminence_n and_o the_o entrance_n border_v on_o a_o lake_n between_o which_o and_o the_o say_a mountain_n there_o be_v a_o very_a narrow_a way_n or_o defile_v which_o lead_v into_o the_o plain_a hannibal_n then_o have_v pass_v into_o the_o plain_a by_o that_o straight_a take_v first_o possession_n of_o the_o high_a ground_n he_o have_v in_o front_n where_o he_o lodge_v his_o spaniard_n and_o african_n behind_o the_o mountain_n on_o the_o right_n he_o post_v the_o baleares_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n order_v in_o one_o deep_a file_n and_o post_v the_o gaulish_a horse_n in_o the_o like_a order_n behind_o the_o mountain_n on_o his_o left_a in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o defile_v we_o mention_v between_o the_o lake_n and_o the_o mountain_n which_o be_v the_o inlet_n to_o the_o plain_a these_o order_n be_v execute_v in_o the_o night_n and_o hannibal_n have_v thus_o surround_v the_o plain_a he_o remain_v quiet_a make_v show_n of_o a_o desire_n to_o sit_v still_o and_o attempt_v nothing_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n flaminius_n follow_v close_o at_o his_o rear_n eager_o pursue_v his_o determination_n to_o attack_v he_o and_o arrive_v in_o the_o evening_n near_o the_o lake_n thrasimene_n he_o there_o encamp_v and_o early_o the_o next_o morning_n march_v with_o his_o vanguard_n along_o the_o vale_n by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o lake_n with_o determination_n to_o fall_v on_o the_o
in_o regard_n they_o be_v not_o likely_a to_o receive_v of_o gesco_n any_o other_o satisfaction_n than_o their_o arrear_n of_o pay_n what_o be_v due_a for_o their_o horse_n and_o bread_n be_v respite_v to_o another_o time_n they_o therefore_o take_v thence_o occasion_n of_o fresh_a disorder_n and_o assemble_v in_o the_o public_a meeting-place_n in_o a_o mutinous_a manner_n to_o spendius_n and_o matho_n they_o lend_v a_o willing_a ear_n who_o rail_v both_o against_o gesco_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o if_o any_o one_o presume_v to_o offer_v they_o temperate_a counsel_n he_o be_v forthwith_o stone_v to_o death_n even_o before_o it_o can_v be_v understand_v what_o the_o purport_n of_o his_o discourse_n be_v whether_o for_o or_o against_o spendius_n and_o now_o great_a slaughter_n be_v make_v both_o of_o people_n of_o public_a and_o private_a condition_n and_o nothing_o be_v hear_v during_o the_o tumult_n but_o kill_v kill_v and_o what_o great_o augment_v the_o rage_n of_o those_o people_n be_v the_o excess_n of_o wine_n they_o have_v drink_v have_v new_o rise_v from_o their_o repast_n so_o that_o the_o word_n kill_v resound_v sudden_o throughout_o the_o camp_n there_o be_v no_o escape_n for_o any_o one_o against_o who_o they_o conceive_v any_o distrust_n or_o distaste_n in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v now_o none_o who_o presume_v to_o open_v his_o mouth_n to_o divert_v their_o determination_n they_o choose_v spendius_n and_o matho_n for_o their_o leader_n and_o commander_n in_o chief_a gesco_n be_v not_o without_o a_o due_a sense_n of_o the_o danger_n he_o be_v in_o among_o these_o people_n but_o he_o let_v that_o consideration_n give_v place_n to_o the_o duty_n he_o owe_v his_o country_n he_o foresee_v that_o if_o this_o mutiny_n once_o come_v to_o a_o head_n the_o commonwealth_n will_v be_v drive_v to_o great_a strait_n to_o prevent_v which_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v expose_v to_o any_o hazard_n he_o therefore_o with_o great_a constancy_n of_o mind_n pursue_v his_o purpose_n of_o reduce_v they_o to_o their_o duty_n by_o all_o mean_v possible_a sometime_o he_o treat_v with_o their_o officer_n sometime_o with_o the_o sundry_a nation_n apart_o but_o now_o be_v in_o present_a want_n of_o bread_n in_o the_o camp_n they_o impatient_o demand_v it_o of_o gesco_n he_o as_o it_o chance_v in_o a_o sort_n of_o contempt_n to_o reprove_v their_o insolence_n bid_v they_o go_v to_o matho_n their_o captain_n this_o put_v all_o in_o a_o flame_n so_o that_o without_o any_o further_a delay_n or_o respect_n they_o seize_v on_o the_o money_n that_o be_v bring_v and_o lay_v ready_a tell_v in_o order_n to_o their_o payment_n and_o arrest_v gesco_n and_o all_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o accompany_v he_o and_o now_o matho_n and_o spendius_n conceive_v the_o only_a way_n to_o put_v matter_n past_o accommodation_n and_o to_o come_v to_o open_a hostility_n be_v to_o engage_v the_o soldier_n in_o some_o such_o violent_a action_n as_o shall_v be_v a_o manifest_a breach_n of_o their_o duty_n and_o a_o violation_n of_o the_o treaty_n they_o be_v upon_o wherefore_o they_o foment_v with_o all_o their_o art_n and_o industry_n this_o audacious_a proceed_v of_o the_o multitude_n who_o now_o have_v not_o only_o seize_v on_o the_o carthaginian_n money_n and_o their_o baggage_n but_o lay_v violent_a hand_n on_o gesco_n and_o his_o follower_n commit_v they_o to_o prison_n load_v they_o with_o iron_n and_o then_o most_o impious_o conspire_v and_o against_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n declare_a war_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n this_o than_o be_v the_o beginning_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n with_o the_o mercenary_n which_o be_v call_v the_o african_a war._n after_o this_o matho_n dispatch_v deputy_n to_o the_o city_n round_o about_o exhort_v they_o to_o think_v on_o their_o liberty_n to_o send_v he_o succour_n and_o to_o enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o he_o and_o now_o the_o several_a head_n of_o the_o faction_n find_v the_o african_n dispose_v to_o revolt_n and_o to_o shake_v off_o the_o carthaginian_n yoke_n and_o that_o supply_v both_o of_o man_n and_o provision_n be_v dispatch_v to_o they_o from_o alâ—_n part_n they_o divide_v their_o army_n into_o two_o one_o they_o send_v against_o utica_n and_o the_o other_o towards_o hippona_n which_o two_o place_n have_v refuse_v to_o join_v with_o they_o in_o their_o defection_n from_o the_o carthaginian_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v ever_o be_v to_o sustain_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o fruit_n and_o growth_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o treasure_n and_o income_n wherewith_o they_o defray_v their_o war_n and_o make_v their_o military_a preparation_n arise_v out_o of_o their_o revenue_n in_o africa_n but_o their_o army_n in_o all_o their_o expedition_n be_v ever_o compose_v of_o stranger_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o will_v appear_v and_o by_o what_o we_o have_v relate_v that_o all_o thing_n conspire_v at_o once_o to_o their_o damage_n and_o what_o have_v be_v their_o support_n convert_v to_o their_o disadvantage_n so_o that_o from_o consternation_n they_o fall_v to_o despair_n for_o so_o great_a be_v their_o surprise_n that_o nothing_o can_v possible_o have_v befall_v they_o so_o remote_a from_o their_o expectation_n for_o after_o the_o war_n of_o sicily_n which_o have_v consume_v their_o treasure_n be_v now_o assure_v of_o peace_n they_o promise_v themselves_o a_o breathe_a space_n of_o tranquillity_n and_o take_v for_o grant_v their_o condition_n will_v be_v at_o least_o supportable_a but_o those_o hope_n soon_o vanish_v and_o be_v change_v into_o the_o sad_a prospect_n of_o a_o war_n more_o cruel_a and_o dangerous_a their_o contest_v with_o the_o roman_n be_v for_o the_o dominion_n of_o sicily_n only_o now_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v for_o their_o own_o proper_a safety_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o all_o this_o without_o any_o store_n of_o war_n army_n or_o fleet_n or_o any_o provision_n towards_o it_o after_o so_o many_o unfortunate_a conflict_n wherein_o they_o have_v be_v engage_v furthermore_o they_o be_v without_o either_o money_n or_o hope_n of_o friend_n to_o who_o they_o may_v have_v recourse_n for_o succour_n and_o here_o they_o come_v to_o perceive_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o foreign_a and_o remote_a war_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o civil_a dissension_n at_o their_o own_o door_n in_o short_a this_o people_n be_v of_o themselves_o the_o author_n of_o their_o own_o calamity_n for_o during_o the_o first_o war_n with_o what_o grievous_a tyranny_n do_v they_o oppress_v the_o poor_a african_n think_v they_o savour_v they_o by_o exact_v from_o they_o but_o the_o one_o half_a of_o their_o income_n continue_v the_o same_o levy_n upon_o their_o town_n and_o city_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n as_o be_v draw_v from_o they_o to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n and_o this_o be_v extort_a with_o that_o rigour_n that_o the_o poor_a subject_n be_v not_o exempt_v and_o whensoever_o they_o be_v to_o elect_v new_a magistrate_n for_o the_o province_n the_o choice_n never_o fall_v on_o those_o who_o be_v likely_a to_o govern_v the_o people_n with_o lenity_n and_o moderation_n but_o on_o such_o who_o rigour_n promise_v they_o the_o great_a fruit_n of_o their_o oppression_n by_o drain_n they_o of_o their_o money_n to_o furnish_v out_o their_o fleet_n and_o their_o army_n and_o in_o a_o word_n to_o minister_v to_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o republic_n among_o who_o hanno_n be_v a_o principal_a minister_n all_o this_o consider_v the_o african_n be_v not_o likely_a to_o be_v backward_o to_o rebel_n to_o who_o the_o bare_a report_n only_o of_o what_o be_v transact_v be_v sufficient_a to_o engage_v they_o the_o woman_n themselves_o who_o have_v so_o often_o see_v their_o father_n and_o husband_n drag_v to_o prison_n by_o the_o tax-gatherers_a be_v in_o every_o town_n active_a in_o promote_a the_o revolt_n combine_v among_o themselves_o to_o refuse_v nothing_o that_o can_v be_v compass_v to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n spare_v neither_o their_o ornament_n nor_o precious_a movable_n to_o raise_v pay_n for_o the_o army_n insomuch_o that_o matho_n and_o spendius_n be_v so_o plentiful_o supply_v with_o money_n that_o they_o have_v not_o only_o sufficient_a to_o pay_v the_o arrear_n that_o be_v due_a which_o they_o have_v assure_v they_o of_o the_o better_a to_o engage_v they_o to_o their_o purpose_n but_o be_v enable_v to_o sustain_v the_o expense_n and_o grow_a charge_n of_o the_o army_n for_o wise_a officer_n extend_v their_o prospect_n beyond_o the_o present_a occasion_n and_o now_o notwithstanding_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v heavy_o oppress_v by_o these_o misfortune_n they_o ommit_v not_o however_o to_o provide_v the_o best_a mean_n for_o their_o defence_n the_o conduct_n of_o the_o war_n they_o give_v to_o hanno_n of_o who_o service_n they_o have_v heretofore_o make_v use_n in_o the_o
the_o dominion_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n return_v to_o their_o obedience_n utica_n and_o hippona_n only_o except_v which_o continue_v in_o their_o obstinacy_n who_o be_v indeed_o without_o hope_n of_o favour_n have_v no_o ground_n to_o demand_v it_o for_o from_o the_o first_o of_o their_o defection_n they_o act_v against_o the_o carthaginian_n so_o as_o to_o cut_v off_o all_o prospect_n of_o pardon_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o instruction_n how_o necessary_a it_o prove_v even_o in_o those_o sort_n of_o crime_n whereof_o we_o have_v be_v treat_v to_o leave_v some_o place_n for_o moderation_n and_o not_o to_o act_v beyond_o the_o power_n of_o reparation_n in_o short_a hamilcar_n set_v down_o before_o those_o two_o town_n reduce_v they_o at_o length_n to_o mercy_n and_o so_o end_v the_o war_n of_o africa_n which_o have_v bring_v the_o carthaginian_a state_n in_o so_o much_o danger_n and_o now_o they_o see_v their_o dominion_n restore_v and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o rebellion_n punish_v matho_n and_o those_o take_v with_o he_o after_o they_o be_v carry_v in_o triumph_n about_o the_o city_n and_o treat_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o ignominy_n and_o use_v in_o the_o cruel_a manner_n that_o can_v be_v invent_v be_v at_o length_n torment_v to_o death_n this_o war_n last_v three_o year_n and_o near_o four_o month_n and_o contain_v more_o act_n of_o cruelty_n and_o inhumanity_n than_o be_v to_o be_v find_v any_o where_o else_o in_o story_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o roman_n be_v solicit_v by_o the_o mercenary_n who_o be_v beat_v out_o of_o sardinia_n and_o be_v flee_v to_o they_o determine_v to_o attempt_v the_o possession_n of_o that_o great_a island_n but_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v the_o right_n of_o first_o possession_n will_v not_o endure_v the_o injury_n and_o in_o regard_n they_o be_v now_o prepare_v a_o army_n to_o go_v over_o and_o punish_v the_o infidelity_n of_o those_o islander_n the_o roman_n interpret_n those_o preparation_n to_o be_v against_o they_o take_v thence_o occasion_n to_o declare_v a_o new_a war_n on_o they_o but_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o have_v but_o just_a lay_v down_o their_o arm_n and_o know_v themselves_o to_o be_v much_o too_o weak_a and_o no_o way_n in_o a_o condition_n to_o wage_v war_n with_o they_o find_v it_o their_o best_a course_n to_o submit_v and_o do_v not_o only_o yield_v up_o their_o right_n to_o sardinia_n to_o the_o roman_n but_o buy_v their_o peace_n at_o the_o price_n of_o twelve_o hundred_o talent_n the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o book_n polybius_n general_a history_n of_o the_o transaction_n of_o the_o world_n vol._n i._o book_n ii_o we_o have_v show_v in_o our_o former_a book_n at_o what_o time_n it_o be_v that_o the_o roman_n first_o adventure_v on_o foreign_a expedition_n after_o they_o have_v compose_v their_o affair_n in_o italy_n we_o have_v relate_v the_o motive_n and_o manner_n of_o their_o transport_v their_o arm_n into_o sicily_n and_o upon_o what_o ground_n they_o make_v war_n on_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o contend_v with_o they_o for_o the_o dominion_n of_o that_o island_n we_o have_v also_o note_v the_o time_n when_o the_o roman_n first_o engage_v on_o naval_a action_n and_o what_o occur_v during_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o war_n till_o the_o carthaginian_n total_o relinquish_v their_o pretension_n to_o sicily_n and_o their_o enemy_n become_v master_n of_o it_o all_o but_o what_o be_v reserve_v to_o king_n hiero._n then_o we_o come_v to_o relate_v the_o transaction_n of_o the_o war_n make_v by_o the_o carthaginian_a mercinary_n on_o their_o master_n which_o be_v call_v the_o war_n of_o africa_n we_o have_v likewise_o in_o that_o account_n give_v example_n of_o the_o utmost_a degree_n of_o the_o barbarity_n of_o human_a nature_n and_o tell_v what_o be_v the_o issue_n of_o so_o many_o savage_a action_n pursue_v the_o story_n to_o the_o end_n of_o that_o war_n wherein_o the_o carthaginian_n remain_v with_o victory_n now_o we_o shall_v proceed_v according_a to_o our_o first_o purpose_n to_o set_v down_o subsequent_a occurrence_n for_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v no_o soon_o compose_v their_o african_a trouble_n when_o they_o raise_v a_o new_a army_n the_o command_n when_o which_o be_v give_v to_o hamilcar_n barcas_fw-la with_o direction_n to_o transport_v it_o into_o spain_n who_o take_v his_o son_n hannibal_n with_o he_o not_o then_o above_o nine_o year_n old_a cross_v the_o sea_n somewhere_o near_o the_o straight_a of_o hercules_n pillar_n and_o begin_v to_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a greatness_n in_o spain_n where_o after_o he_o have_v command_v for_o the_o space_n of_o almost_o nine_o year_n and_o bring_v many_o nation_n to_o yield_v obedience_n to_o that_o government_n subdue_a some_o by_o force_n and_o win_v other_o by_o address_n he_o at_o length_n end_v his_o day_n in_o a_o manner_n worthy_a of_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o name_n be_v slay_v in_o battle_n brave_o fight_v at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o troop_n against_o a_o formidable_a enemy_n that_o oppose_v he_o upon_o who_o death_n the_o carthaginian_n give_v his_o command_n to_o asdrubal_n his_o kinsman_n at_o that_o time_n general_n of_o their_o galley_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o roman_n transport_v a_o army_n and_o make_v their_o first_o expedition_n into_o illyria_n and_o the_o part_n adjacent_a so_o that_o whosoever_o will_v curious_o search_v into_o the_o history_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o roman_a greatness_n be_v to_o have_v special_a regard_n to_o that_o part_n of_o their_o story_n the_o cause_n move_v to_o this_o expedition_n seem_v to_o be_v these_o agro_n at_o that_o time_n king_n of_o illyria_n son_n of_o pleuratus_n surpass_v by_o much_o all_o his_o predecessor_n in_o power_n and_o greatness_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n he_o have_v promise_v demetrius_n father_n of_o philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n who_o have_v gain_v he_o with_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o send_v succour_n to_o the_o mydionians_n who_o the_o aetolian_n at_o that_o time_n have_v besiege_v move_v it_o seem_v thereunto_o for_o that_o they_o refuse_v to_o join_v with_o they_o to_o live_v under_o the_o same_o law_n who_o they_o therefore_o have_v determine_v to_o reduce_v by_o arms._n and_o have_v levy_v a_o army_n from_o among_o that_o people_n they_o declare_v war_n against_o those_o of_o mydionia_n who_o city_n they_o great_o distress_v attacking_z it_z with_o machines_n and_n engine_n of_o all_o sort_n during_o this_o siege_n the_o time_n draw_v near_a wherein_o the_o aetolian_n be_v oblige_v to_o choose_v a_o new_a praetor_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o besiege_a be_v now_o bring_v to_o extremity_n and_o that_o there_o be_v hope_n they_o will_v soon_o capitulate_v the_o present_a praetor_n who_o then_o command_v the_o army_n remonstrate_v to_o the_o aetolian_n that_o in_o regard_n he_o have_v bear_v the_o toil_n and_o hazard_v of_o the_o siege_n it_o seem_v but_o just_a that_o he_o may_v be_v permit_v to_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o dispose_v of_o the_o booty_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o take_v the_o place_n but_o this_o proposition_n find_v opposer_n especial_o among_o those_o who_o be_v candidate_n in_o the_o new_a election_n who_o persuade_v the_o people_n by_o no_o mean_n to_o consent_v to_o any_o innovation_n in_o their_o custom_n but_o to_o manage_v their_o affair_n according_a to_o the_o prescription_n of_o their_o law_n and_o leave_v the_o issue_n to_o fortune_n whereupon_o the_o aetolian_n resolve_v to_o proceed_v to_o the_o election_n allot_v however_o the_o profit_n and_o honour_n that_o be_v to_o be_v win_v to_o be_v divide_v between_o he_o that_o now_o command_v and_o the_o other_o who_o shall_v be_v choose_v three_o day_n after_o this_o determination_n be_v to_o be_v the_o election_n when_o the_o new_a officer_n be_v immediate_o to_o enter_v on_o his_o charge_n according_a to_o custom_n but_o in_o the_o interim_n there_o arrive_v a_o fleet_n of_o a_o hundred_o small_a vessel_n with_o a_o re-inforcement_n of_o five_o thousand_o illyrian_n who_o at_o break_v of_o day_n land_v secret_o near_o the_o town_n and_o immediate_o put_v themselves_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n according_a to_o their_o manner_n and_o be_v form_v in_o several_a division_n they_o advance_v towards_o the_o aetolian_n camp_n who_o be_v much_o surprise_v at_o the_o hardiness_n of_o this_o sudden_a attempt_n nevertheless_o they_o lose_v nothing_o of_o their_o usual_a assurance_n and_o the_o pride_n that_o be_v become_v habitual_a to_o that_o nation_n for_o they_o rely_v on_o their_o courage_n and_o presume_v their_o army_n be_v not_o to_o be_v beat_v they_o have_v many_o troop_n heavy_a arm_v and_o abound_v in_o horse_n these_o they_o command_v to_o march_v out_o and_o embattle_v they_o in_o plain_a ground_n before_o their_o camp_n they_o likewise_o order_v their_o light_n arm_v troop_n and_o some_o horse_n to_o take_v
they_o meet_v by_o accident_n and_o afterward_o in_o a_o battle_n near_o magalopolis_n and_o in_o short_a after_o their_o defeat_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o prime_a strength_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o dymaja_n near_o a_o place_n call_v hecatombaeum_fw-la find_v the_o circumstance_n of_o their_o affair_n to_o admit_v no_o further_o delay_n the_o present_a danger_n in_o which_o they_o see_v themselves_o prevail_v on_o the_o achaian_n unanimous_o to_o consent_n to_o implore_v succour_n of_o antigonus_n according_o aratus_n dispatch_v away_o his_o son_n and_o ratify_v the_o treaty_n that_o have_v be_v make_v with_o that_o prince_n touch_v the_o assistance_n he_o be_v to_o give_v they_o but_o now_o a_o weighty_a objection_n appear_v likely_a to_o obstruct_v the_o accord_n for_o they_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o antigonus_n will_v demur_v to_o their_o supply_n till_o acro-corinth_n together_o with_o the_o city_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o his_o possession_n which_o he_o will_v make_v to_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o war_n and_o the_o achaian_n can_v not_o determine_v to_o yield_v up_o those_o place_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o corinthian_n first_o obtain_v which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o some_o delay_n and_o give_v they_o leisure_n to_o deliberate_v about_o adjust_v the_o surety_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n cleomenes_n success_n have_v give_v the_o alarm_n on_o all_o side_n who_o prosecute_v his_o good_a fortune_n now_o without_o danger_n or_o molestation_n take_v some_o town_n by_o fair_a mean_n and_o other_o by_o force_n and_o have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o caphya_n pellene_n pheneus_n argos_n phliunte_n cleone_n epidaurus_n hermione_n troezene_n and_o in_o short_a of_o corinth_n itself_o he_o march_v on_o and_o encamp_v near_o the_o city_n of_o sicyon_n the_o difficulty_n be_v now_o remove_v that_o molest_v the_o achaian_n and_o aratus_n the_o praetor_n while_o the_o corinthian_n who_o though_o they_o have_v signify_v they_o be_v ready_a to_o join_v and_o march_v with_o they_o be_v on_o the_o contrary_n find_v to_o have_v confederated_a with_o cleomenes_n and_o invite_v he_o to_o receive_v they_o this_o give_v the_o achaian_n then_o a_o pretext_n which_o justify_v their_o determination_n and_o which_o aratus_n ready_o improve_v who_o have_v already_o give_v antigonus_n some_o hope_v that_o acrocorinth_a shall_v be_v put_v into_o his_o hand_n which_o have_v now_o perform_v the_o scense_n of_o the_o injury_n heretofore_o do_v to_o the_o king_n of_o of_o macedon_n become_v by_o that_o mean_v remove_v and_o the_o alliance_n more_o firm_o ratify_v for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v and_o what_o be_v far_o considerable_a antigonus_n be_v by_o that_o mean_n put_v in_o possession_n of_o a_o proper_a fortress_n whereby_o to_o manage_v the_o war_n with_o the_o lacedaemonian_n cleomenes_z who_o have_v already_o promise_v himself_o the_o principality_n of_o all_o peloponnesus_n receive_v intelligence_n of_o the_o alliance_n conclude_v between_o antigonus_n and_o the_o achaian_n forthwith_o retire_v from_o before_o sicyon_n and_o march_v and_o encamp_v his_o army_n near_o the_o isthmus_n and_o fortify_v with_o a_o ditch_n and_o rampart_n the_o whole_a space_n between_o acro-corinth_n and_o the_o onion_n hill_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n antigonus_n have_v be_v long_o in_o a_o readiness_n to_o enter_v upon_o the_o war_n and_o attend_v only_o the_o motive_n from_o aratus_n and_o make_v a_o judgement_n according_a to_o the_o advice_n he_o receive_v that_o cleomenes_n will_v soon_o be_v on_o his_o march_n with_o his_o army_n he_o therefore_o send_v to_o aratus_n and_o the_o achaian_n himself_o be_v then_o in_o thessaly_n to_o exhort_v they_o to_o put_v in_o effect_n the_o promise_n that_o have_v be_v make_v he_o and_o then_o march_v with_o his_o army_n towards_o the_o isthmus_n by_o the_o way_n of_o euboea_n for_o the_o aetolian_n who_o have_v attempt_v all_o other_o mean_v before_o to_o prevent_v the_o conjunction_n of_o antigonus_n with_o the_o achaian_n and_o be_v still_o ready_a to_o do_v their_o utmost_a to_o hinder_v the_o same_o have_v intimate_v to_o he_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o attempt_v his_o passage_n with_o a_o army_n by_o the_o strait_n of_o thermopylae_n and_o that_o if_o he_o do_v they_o will_v oppose_v he_o with_o a_o army_n when_o antigonus_n arrive_v at_o the_o isthmus_n he_o encamp_v just_o opposite_a to_o cleomenes_n with_o design_n to_o block_n up_o his_o passage_n into_o peloponnesus_n and_o now_o notwithstanding_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o achaian_n be_v in_o a_o state_n desperate_a enough_o nevertheless_o they_o change_v not_o their_o purpose_n and_o be_v not_o destitute_a of_o hope_n and_o they_o no_o soon_o see_v aristotle_n the_o argian_a oppose_v the_o partisan_n of_o cleomenes_n when_o they_o immediate_o march_v to_o their_o assistance_n and_o by_o the_o conduct_n of_o timoxenes_n they_o get_v possession_n and_o become_v master_n of_o argos_n by_o intelligence_n and_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o believe_v that_o that_o success_n give_v rise_v to_o the_o prosperity_n of_o their_o affair_n for_o first_o of_o all_o this_o adventure_n give_v check_v to_o the_o impetuosity_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o great_o dishearten_v his_o people_n as_o occurrence_n will_v explain_v it_o by_o and_o by_o for_o notwithstanding_o his_o be_v possess_v of_o post_n and_o place_n of_o more_o advantage_n and_o be_v master_n of_o great_a convenience_n for_o the_o supply_n of_o his_o army_n than_o antigonus_n and_o in_o a_o word_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o more_o numerous_a army_n yet_o he_o no_o soon_o hear_v that_o the_o achaian_n be_v master_n of_o argos_n when_o he_o desert_v all_o those_o advantage_n we_o have_v enumerate_v and_o that_o render_v he_o superior_a to_o antigonus_n and_o retire_v from_o the_o isthmus_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o flight_n fear_v to_o be_v surround_v by_o the_o enemy_n afterward_o he_o manage_v a_o intelligence_n in_o argos_n and_o get_v into_o the_o town_n but_o after_o all_o he_o can_v do_v to_o keep_v possession_n he_o be_v drive_v out_o again_o by_o the_o achaian_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o who_o have_v first_o promise_v he_o their_o concurrence_n they_o afterward_o refuse_v it_o so_o he_o return_v to_o sparta_n by_o the_o way_n of_o mantinoea_n thus_o antigonus_n get_v his_o passage_n into_o peloâ—onnesus_n without_o hazard_n and_o acro-corinthâ—as_a â—as_z put_v into_o his_o hand_n where_o he_o remain_v â—ot_n long_o but_o haste_v away_o to_o argos_n where_o â—fter_o he_o have_v praise_v and_o encourage_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o settle_v their_o affair_n he_o return_v â—o_o his_o camp_n and_o bend_v his_o march_n towards_o arcadia_n in_o short_a after_o he_o have_v reduce_v several_a new_a garrison_n that_o have_v be_v late_o erect_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o put_v they_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o megalopolitan_o he_o proceed_v â—o_o aegium_n to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o assembly_n of_o â—he_n achaian_n where_o he_o set_v forth_o the_o motive_n â—f_v his_o come_n among_o they_o and_o advise_v how_o they_o be_v to_o proceed_v and_o there_o he_o be_v choâ—â—n_o general_n of_o the_o confederate_a army_n and_o 〈◊〉_d be_v now_o winter_n he_o remain_v some_o time_n 〈◊〉_d sicyon_n and_o corinth_n but_o early_o in_o the_o spring_n â—rew_v his_o army_n out_o of_o their_o winter-quarters_a and_o take_v the_o field_n and_o in_o three_o day_n â—fter_o his_o departure_n arrive_v before_o tegea_n where_o the_o achaian_n join_v he_o antigonusâ—eing_v â—eing_z encamp_v before_o the_o town_n forthwith_o besiege_v it_o which_o be_v hardly_o press_v by_o the_o macedonian_n who_o attack_v they_o by_o all_o the_o method_n that_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n in_o the_o like_a attempt_n especial_o by_o mine_n which_o they_o have_v make_v on_o all_o quarter_n insomuch_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n despair_v of_o safety_n yield_v up_o the_o place_n which_o antigonus_n have_v strengthen_v with_o a_o garrison_n proceed_v on_o further_a expedition_n and_o march_v his_o troop_n with_o speed_n into_o laconia_n and_o be_v advance_v near_o cleomenes_n who_o with_o his_o army_n lay_v on_o the_o frontier_n he_o begin_v some_o small_a engagement_n with_o he_o by_o party_n the_o better_a to_o sound_v his_o design_n but_o learning_n by_o his_o spy_n that_o cleomenes_n army_n have_v be_v reinforce_v by_o fresh_a troop_n from_o orchomenus_n he_o forthwith_o march_v away_o towards_o those_o quarter_n where_o he_o take_v orchomenus_n by_o force_n from_o whence_o he_o march_v against_o mantinoea_n which_o place_n terrify_v at_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o macedonian_n submit_v then_o he_o advance_v towards_o heroea_n and_o telphussa_n whereupon_o in_o regard_n these_o two_o place_n voluntary_o come_v into_o his_o party_n and_o winter_n be_v now_o at_o hand_n he_o return_v to_o egium_n to_o be_v at_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o achaian_n and_o send_v his_o troop_n home_o to_o pass_v the_o winter_n he_o remain_v
be_v no_o injustice_n to_o award_v he_o the_o same_o measure_n he_o have_v deal_v to_o other_o we_o rather_o ought_v to_o conclude_v it_o will_v have_v be_v injustice_n if_o his_o death_n shall_v have_v happen_v without_o some_o sense_n of_o torment_n after_o he_o have_v act_v so_o many_o criminal_a part_n it_o will_v not_o therefore_o be_v find_v a_o just_a imputation_n of_o cruelty_n in_o antigonus_n or_o aratus_n if_o be_v take_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o war_n aristomachus_n be_v condemn_v to_o die_v by_o torment_n if_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n he_o deserve_v no_o less_o and_o that_o those_o who_o shall_v have_v compass_v his_o death_n will_v have_v merit_v applause_n and_o reward_n from_o every_o honest_a man._n but_o over_o and_o above_o what_o we_o have_v observe_v have_v violate_v his_o faith_n and_o break_v his_o trust_n with_o the_o achaian_n what_o punishment_n can_v they_o think_v too_o great_a in_o short_a aristomachus_n a_o little_a before_o the_o death_n of_o demetrius_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n and_o reduce_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n forlorn_a and_o despoil_v of_o his_o dominion_n find_v a_o asylum_n among_o the_o achaian_n who_o receive_v he_o with_o all_o possible_a gentleness_n they_o not_o only_o forget_v and_o forgive_v the_o crime_n and_o outrage_n of_o his_o tyranny_n but_o admit_v he_o to_o a_o share_n of_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o state_n and_o confer_v on_o he_o the_o trust_n of_o command_v and_o conduct_v their_o army_n and_o do_v he_o other_o great_a honour_n while_o he_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o upon_o the_o first_o shadow_n of_o advantage_n tender_v he_o by_o cleomenes_n forget_v all_o these_o obligation_n and_o desert_v the_o achaian_n at_o a_o time_n of_o their_o great_a distress_n join_v with_o their_o enemy_n so_o that_o fall_v at_o last_o into_o their_o hand_n what_o hard_a measure_n will_v it_o have_v be_v to_o carry_v he_o to_o cenchrea_n and_o there_o to_o put_v he_o private_o to_o death_n and_o in_o the_o night_n as_o our_o author_n report_v when_o in_o justice_n he_o shall_v have_v be_v lead_v through_o all_o the_o country_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o after_o he_o have_v be_v make_v a_o spectacle_n to_o the_o world_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v public_o torment_v to_o death_n to_o rendeâ—_n he_o the_o great_a example_n though_o in_o a_o word_n the_o severe_a treatment_n that_o befall_v this_o vile_a man_n be_v no_o other_o than_o to_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o sea_n for_o certain_a barbarity_n commit_v by_o he_o at_o cenchrea_n furthermore_n philarchus_n exaggerates_n with_o passion_n the_o calamity_n of_o the_o mantinoean_n as_o if_o he_o think_v it_o the_o business_n of_o a_o historian_n to_o pick_v out_o and_o enlarge_v most_o on_o the_o subject_a of_o our_o vice_n but_o be_v silent_a when_o he_o shall_v have_v record_v the_o memorable_a and_o glorious_a behaviour_n of_o the_o megalopolitan_o which_o occur_v at_o the_o same_o time_n false_o conceive_v that_o to_o register_n the_o flaw_n and_o frailty_n of_o human_a nature_n be_v more_o eligible_a than_o to_o publish_v the_o merit_n of_o noble_a and_o generous_a action_n while_o who_o know_v not_o that_o the_o fame_n and_o glory_n of_o noble_a deed_n do_v more_o urge_v we_o to_o virtue_n and_o reform_v our_o manner_n better_a than_o the_o recital_n of_o criminal_a adventure_n our_o author_n indeed_o labour_v to_o set_v forth_o the_o courage_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o his_o gentleness_n to_o his_o enemy_n tell_v we_o how_o he_o take_v megalopolis_n and_o preserve_v it_o from_o destruction_n till_o he_o have_v send_v to_o messene_n whither_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v retire_v to_o invite_v they_o back_o to_o their_o habitation_n and_o take_v part_n with_o he_o nor_o do_v he_o omit_v to_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o megalopolitan_o have_v hardly_o the_o patience_n to_o hear_v his_o letter_n read_v after_o they_o know_v the_o subject_a and_o that_o they_o be_v with_o difficulty_n restrain_v from_o stone_v the_o messenger_n to_o death_n but_o he_o total_o neglect_v to_o publish_v what_o in_o justice_n and_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o history_n shall_v not_o have_v be_v omit_v namely_o to_o celebrate_v the_o praise_n of_o their_o virtue_n and_o the_o generous_a resolution_n they_o have_v take_v which_o he_o may_v fair_o have_v do_v for_o if_o we_o reckon_v those_o man_n of_o honour_n and_o virtue_n who_o succour_n and_o defend_v their_o friend_n and_o confederate_n in_o distress_n both_o in_o word_n and_o deed_n and_o if_o we_o think_v it_o not_o only_o praiseworthy_a but_o the_o subject_a of_o great_a reward_n and_o concession_n of_o remarkable_a privilege_n to_o those_o who_o suffer_v on_o that_o score_n to_o yield_v to_o be_v spoil_v in_o their_o fortune_n to_o abide_v the_o calamity_n of_o sieges_n and_o endure_v all_o the_o wasteful_a effect_n of_o hostility_n what_o may_v be_v then_o say_v to_o be_v due_a to_o the_o megalopolitan_o shall_v we_o not_o reckon_v they_o man_n of_o honour_n can_v we_o praise_v they_o too_o much_o first_o they_o endure_v with_o unspeakable_a constancy_n to_o behold_v cleomenes_n burn_v and_o ravage_v all_o their_o territory_n abroad_o then_o they_o choose_v to_o abandon_v their_o native_a city_n and_o soil_n rather_o than_o their_o friendship_n and_o the_o tie_v of_o honour_n they_o be_v under_o to_o the_o achaian_n in_o a_o word_n though_o contrary_a to_o their_o hope_n overture_n be_v make_v they_o to_o return_v to_o their_o possession_n they_o can_v better_o brook_v to_o be_v deprive_v of_o their_o fortune_n their_o sepulcher_n their_o temple_n their_o country_n their_o whole_a sudstance_n and_o in_o short_a to_o lose_v all_o that_o be_v valuable_a and_o dear_a to_o they_o than_o to_o violate_v their_o faith_n to_o their_o confederate_n can_v any_o man_n do_v more_o or_o be_v it_o in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o mortal_a at_o any_o time_n to_o acquire_v a_o more_o glorious_a and_o illustrious_a character_n when_o if_o not_o here_o can_v a_o historian_n hope_v to_o find_v a_o theme_n fit_a to_o charm_n the_o attention_n of_o the_o reader_n and_o what_o more_o noble_a example_n can_v be_v inculcate_v to_o mankind_n to_o excite_v they_o to_o constancy_n and_o fidelity_n to_o their_o treaty_n and_o alliance_n with_o their_o neighbour_a state_n nevertheless_o philarchus_n have_v commit_v all_o this_o to_o oblivion_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v one_o may_v safe_o accuse_v he_o of_o stupidity_n and_o want_n of_o judgement_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o such_o matter_n as_o become_v the_o dignity_n of_o history_n since_o he_o can_v neglect_v the_o record_v occurrence_n of_o that_o importance_n that_o lie_v so_o plain_o in_o his_o view_n we_o be_v far_o tell_v by_o our_o author_n that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n take_v in_o booty_n from_o the_o megalopolitan_o to_o the_o value_n of_o six_o thousand_o talent_n whereof_o two_o thousand_o according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n fall_v to_o the_o share_n of_o cleomenes_n now_o who_o do_v not_o perceive_v the_o remarkable_a ignorance_n of_o this_o man_n touch_v the_o strength_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o greek_a town_n which_o be_v a_o matter_n wherein_o of_o all_o thing_n a_o historian_n ought_v to_o be_v most_o punctual_o instruct_v while_o i_o will_v be_v bold_a to_o aver_v without_o exaggeration_n that_o it_o will_v have_v be_v impossible_a to_o find_v the_o amount_v of_o that_o sum_n in_o all_o peloponnesus_n set_v the_o slave_n only_o aside_o nor_o do_v i_o assert_v it_o from_o the_o poverty_n of_o the_o country_n that_o have_v be_v robe_v and_o ruin_v by_o the_o macedonian_a king_n and_o more_o by_o the_o mighty_a devastation_n of_o their_o own_o civil_a dissension_n but_o i_o be_o bold_a to_o descend_v to_o the_o time_n wherein_o we_o now_o behold_v it_o flourish_v in_o union_n and_o raise_v to_o the_o great_a height_n of_o prosperity_n in_o a_o word_n it_o may_v be_v calculate_v by_o what_o i_o be_o about_o to_o say_v whether_o what_o i_o undertake_v to_o prove_v be_v without-book_a or_o no._n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o man_n so_o ignorant_a that_o do_v not_o know_v that_o when_o the_o achaian_n and_o theban_n join_v in_o war_n against_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o form_v a_o land-army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o man_n and_o a_o naval_a one_o of_o one_o hundred_o vessel_n they_o come_v to_o a_o resolution_n each_o one_o to_o contribute_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o war_n in_o proportion_n to_o his_o riches_n and_o possession_n and_o that_o thereupon_o a_o estimate_n and_o valuation_n be_v make_v of_o all_o that_o be_v appraisable_v throughout_o the_o attic_a territory_n comprehend_v land_n building_n good_n treasure_n etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o that_o calculation_n the_o whole_a value_n amount_v to_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o talent_n short_a of_o six_o thousand_o from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v whether_o we_o have_v reason_n or_o not_o to_o say_v what_o
to_o new-carthage_n to_o his_o winter-quarter_n that_o place_v be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o those_o country_n that_o yield_v obedience_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n there_o he_o find_v the_o roman_a ambassador_n and_o give_v they_o audience_n be_v by_o they_o caution_v to_o attempt_v nothing_o against_o the_o saguntines_n who_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o that_o pursuant_n to_o the_o treaty_n make_v with_o asdrubal_n they_o shall_v not_o pass_v their_o troop_n beyond_o the_o river_n eber._n to_o this_o hannibal_n who_o be_v yet_o but_o young_a and_o ardent_o ambitious_a of_o military_a glory_n fortunate_a in_o his_o erterprise_n and_o mortal_o hate_v the_o roman_n reply_v by_o way_n of_o complaint_n against_o they_o feign_v to_o favour_v those_o of_o saguntum_n and_o tell_v the_o ambassador_n that_o upon_o a_o certain_a sedition_n that_o happen_v some_o time_n ago_o in_o the_o say_a city_n that_o the_o roman_n be_v choose_v to_o arbitrate_v their_o difference_n and_o to_o reduce_v the_o citizen_n to_o peace_n and_o union_n have_v unjust_o animadvert_v on_o certain_a of_o the_o principal_a inhabitant_n which_o perfidious_a action_n of_o they_o he_o hold_v himself_o oblige_v to_o see_v revenge_v and_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n inherit_v that_o custom_n from_o their_o ancestor_n to_o procure_v justice_n to_o be_v do_v to_o the_o oppress_v at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o send_v to_o carthage_n for_o instruction_n how_o to_o proceed_v while_o the_o saguntines_n encourage_v by_o their_o alliance_n with_o the_o roman_n act_v many_o outrage_n against_o those_o who_o be_v now_o under_o the_o carthaginian_a subjection_n thus_o hannibal_n transport_v by_o a_o violent_a hatred_n act_v in_o every_o thing_n without_o consult_v his_o reason_n and_o never_o trouble_v himself_o with_o the_o truth_n of_o matter_n found_v pretext_n on_o false_a suggestion_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o those_o who_o prepossess_v by_o their_o passion_n do_v what_o they_o have_v determine_v without_o regard_n to_o equity_n or_o consideration_n of_o honour_n otherwise_o have_v it_o not_o be_v more_o plausible_a to_o have_v demand_v of_o the_o roman_n the_o restitution_n of_o sardinia_n and_o the_o money_n so_o long_o pay_v they_o by_o the_o carthaginian_n which_o they_o have_v wring_v from_o they_o during_o the_o weakness_n and_o calamity_n of_o the_o republic_n and_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n to_o declare_v war_n against_o they_o but_o as_o he_o conceal_v the_o true_a cause_n and_o have_v recourse_n to_o false_a reason_n for_o his_o motive_n it_o may_v be_v very_o just_o suspect_v he_o enter_v into_o that_o war_n not_o only_o without_o reason_n but_o against_o the_o common_a right_n of_o nation_n wherefore_o the_o ambassador_n depart_v go_v to_o carthage_n there_o to_o expostulate_v about_o what_o have_v already_o past_a albeit_o now_o well_o assure_v that_o war_n will_v ensue_v though_o without_o any_o jealousy_n it_o will_v break_v out_o in_o italy_n but_o in_o spain_n rather_o and_o that_o saguntum_n will_v be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o action_n which_o they_o propose_v as_o a_o proper_a fortress_n and_o place_n of_o arm_n this_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o senate_n deliberation_n who_o conclude_v it_o will_v be_v a_o war_n likely_a to_o be_v draw_v out_o at_o length_n and_o be_v in_o a_o remote_a country_n they_o resolve_v therefore_o to_o give_v first_o a_o period_n to_o their_o affair_n in_o illyria_n for_o at_o that_o time_n demetrius_n the_o pharian_a forget_v his_o obligation_n to_o the_o roman_n his_o benefactor_n have_v give_v they_o some_o mark_n of_o his_o ingratitude_n and_o understand_v how_o they_o be_v molest_v by_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o gaul_n and_o be_v likely_a to_o have_v to_o do_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n make_v now_o little_a account_n of_o their_o friendship_n and_o place_v his_o great_a hope_n in_o the_o king_n of_o macedon_n and_o during_o the_o cleomenick_n war_n have_v join_v with_o antigonus_n demetrius_z then_o resolve_v to_o pillage_n and_o reduce_v the_o town_n of_o illyria_n under_o his_o dominion_n which_o be_v now_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o have_v sail_v beyond_o lissa_n with_o a_o fleet_n of_o fifty_o ship_n contrary_a to_o the_o article_n of_o the_o treaty_n he_o ravage_v most_o of_o the_o island_n of_o the_o cyclades_n so_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v notice_n of_o these_o infraction_n and_o be_v over_o and_o above_o well_o inform_v of_o the_o present_a prosperity_n of_o the_o macedonian_n conclude_v that_o it_o behove_v they_o to_o have_v a_o careful_a eye_n to_o their_o affair_n in_o the_o province_n eastward_o of_o italy_n nor_o be_v they_o without_o hope_n of_o defeat_v the_o design_n of_o hannibal_n of_o make_v the_o illyrian_n to_o repent_v their_o folly_n and_o punish_v the_o perfidy_n and_o rash_a behaviour_n of_o demetrius_n but_o these_o prove_v vain_a deliberation_n for_o hannibal_n be_v too_o much_o in_o earnest_n and_o prevent_v they_o and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n become_v master_n of_o saguntum_n which_o success_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o oblige_v to_o make_v war_n in_o spain_n but_o in_o italy_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o rome_n itself_o howbeit_o the_o roman_n pursuant_n to_o their_o first_o project_n send_v lucius_n aemilius_n into_o illyria_n with_o a_o army_n early_o in_o the_o spring_n be_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o hundred_o and_o forty_o olympiad_n at_o which_o time_n hannibal_n part_v with_o his_o army_n from_o new_a carthage_n towards_o saguntum_n this_o city_n be_v situate_a about_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o those_o mountain_n which_o part_n spain_n from_o celtiberia_n the_o territory_n of_o saguntum_n be_v very_o fertile_a abound_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o excellent_a fruit_n wherein_o no_o part_n of_o spain_n exceed_v it_o hannibal_n sit_v down_o before_o it_o and_z attack_n it_z with_o so_o much_o the_o more_o diligence_n by_o how_o much_o he_o judge_v the_o reduce_v such_o a_o place_n by_o plain_a force_n will_v great_o avail_v towards_o his_o compass_v those_o end_n he_o have_v further_o meditate_a in_o a_o word_n he_o conceive_v he_o shall_v by_o that_o mean_n deprive_v the_o roman_n of_o all_o hope_n of_o make_v war_n in_o spain_n and_o further_o make_v account_n that_o terrify_v by_o his_o success_n those_o he_o have_v already_o vanquish_v will_v be_v thereby_o hold_v in_o better_a obedience_n and_o preserve_v their_o faith_n unbroken_a that_o those_o who_o be_v yet_o unconquered_a will_v stand_v in_o great_a awe_n of_o his_o power_n and_o what_o be_v yet_o of_o great_a consequence_n he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o advance_v his_o erterprise_n with_o more_o security_n have_v no_o enemy_n at_o his_o back_n furthermore_o he_o calculate_v that_o the_o take_n of_o this_o town_n will_v yield_v he_o great_a supply_n of_o treasure_n for_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n that_o his_o army_n will_v be_v more_o at_o his_o devotion_n when_o he_o have_v enrich_v they_o with_o booty_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v enable_v the_o better_a to_o purchase_v and_o establish_v his_o interest_n among_o the_o carthaginian_n by_o distribute_v among_o they_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o vanquish_a these_o reflection_n incite_v his_o industry_n to_o press_v the_o besiege_a with_o great_a application_n so_o that_o become_v himself_o a_o example_n to_o the_o army_n by_o work_v in_o the_o trench_n among_o the_o soldier_n animate_v they_o in_o person_n mingle_v with_o they_o in_o all_o hazard_n and_o incessant_o attend_v the_o labour_n of_o the_o siege_n he_o become_v in_o the_o space_n of_o eight_o month_n master_n of_o the_o place_n great_a booty_n be_v there_o take_v both_o in_o money_n prisoner_n and_o rich_a movable_n the_o treasure_n he_o take_v to_o himself_o for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o war_n he_o have_v project_v against_o the_o roman_n the_o prisoner_n he_o distribute_v to_o the_o army_n in_o proportion_n to_o their_o merit_n and_o the_o rest_n he_o dispatch_v in_o present_n to_o his_o friend_n in_o carthage_n nor_o do_v hannibal_n make_v a_o wrong_n reckon_n for_o the_o soldier_n be_v oblige_v and_o become_v more_o hardy_a in_o danger_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v win_v to_o consent_v more_o ready_o to_o all_o his_o proposition_n and_o be_v himself_o now_o supply_v and_o furnish_v with_o whatever_o he_o want_v he_o prosecute_v his_o erterprise_n with_o great_a promptitude_n about_o the_o same_o time_n demetrius_n have_v intelligence_n of_o the_o roman_n purpose_n put_v with_o expedition_n a_o garrison_n into_o dimalus_n which_o place_v he_o supply_v with_o store_n of_o war_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a and_o after_o he_o have_v destroy_v in_o the_o other_o town_n all_o those_o that_o be_v of_o the_o contrary_a faction_n and_o bestow_v the_o government_n on_o his_o creature_n he_o select_v five_o thousand_o of_o the_o able_a man_n
on_o his_o march_n in_o the_o enemy_n rear_n and_o keep_v always_o near_o he_o ever_o encamp_v on_o proper_a ground_n for_o his_o purpose_n which_o he_o very_o well_o know_v how_o to_o choose_v have_v a_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o the_o country_n and_o be_v supply_v from_o the_o place_n behind_o he_o with_o what_o he_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o he_o never_o adventure_v his_o soldier_n abroad_o to_o forage_v nor_o permit_v they_o so_o much_o as_o to_o be_v see_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n wherefore_o be_v enclose_v continual_o within_o their_o rampart_n and_o perpetual_o on_o the_o watch_n to_o spy_v any_o advantage_n by_o the_o mean_v he_o surprise_v and_o cut_v off_o great_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o chaneed_a to_o straggle_v any_o distance_n from_o their_o camp_n or_o who_o out_o of_o contempt_n of_o the_o roman_n forage_v near_o they_o by_o this_o mean_n he_o diminish_v his_o enemy_n number_n and_o breed_v courage_n and_o assurance_n in_o his_o own_o soldier_n and_o by_o these_o little_a combat_n and_o rencounter_n teach_v they_o to_o recover_v their_o spirit_n which_o be_v much_o sink_v by_o their_o late_a calamity_n whereby_o those_o who_o have_v be_v hitherto_o vanquish_v may_v begin_v not_o to_o despair_v of_o victory_n but_o nothing_o can_v draw_v he_o to_o come_v to_o a_o pitch_a field_n while_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n minutius_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v neither_o of_o his_o judgement_n nor_o humour_n for_o he_o lean_v constant_o to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o multitude_n make_v a_o little_a too_o bold_a with_o the_o dictator_n in_o his_o discourse_n represent_v he_o as_o a_o flow_n and_o bashful_a man_n while_o he_o for_o his_o part_n be_v of_o another_o temper_n ready_a to_o enterprise_v any_o thing_n and_o willing_a to_o come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n after_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v waste_v the_o country_n round_o about_o as_o we_o but_o now_o mention_v they_o pass_v the_o apennines_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o sannite_n a_o fertile_a soil_n and_o where_o for_o a_o long_a time_n they_o have_v feel_v nothing_o of_o the_o desolation_n of_o war._n here_o they_o meet_v with_o such_o abundance_n of_o all_o thing_n that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o they_o to_o consume_v the_o store_n either_o by_o their_o expense_n or_o their_o malice_n they_o plunder_v likewise_o the_o land_n of_o the_o beneventine_n where_o there_o be_v a_o colony_n of_o roman_n and_o take_v the_o city_n of_o venosa_fw-la albeit_o a_o strong_a town_n and_o furnish_v for_o defence_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o roman_n follow_v their_o step_n keep_v within_o a_o day_n march_v or_o two_o at_o most_o of_o they_o but_o approach_v not_o near_o be_v in_o no_o wise_a dispose_v to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n whereupon_o when_o hannibal_n find_v that_o fabius_n will_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o fight_v he_o resolve_v to_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o falernum_fw-la a_o town_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o capua_n conclude_v that_o one_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n will_v thereby_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v namely_o that_o either_o he_o shall_v compel_v the_o enemy_n to_o give_v he_o battle_n or_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n it_o will_v be_v make_v manifest_a to_o all_o the_o world_n he_o be_v their_o superior_a and_o that_o the_o roman_n want_v resolution_n to_o come_v to_o a_o decision_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o reckon_v that_o the_o town_n and_o city_n will_v be_v terrify_v into_o submission_n and_o to_o abandon_v the_o roman_n for_o notwithstanding_o hannibal_n two_o victory_n there_o be_v not_o yet_o one_o italian_a town_n that_o have_v take_v part_n with_o he_o but_o preserve_v their_o faith_n entire_a to_o the_o roman_n though_o some_o be_v hard_o press_v and_o streighten_v by_o the_o enemy_n from_o whence_o may_v be_v gather_v what_o deference_n and_o veneration_n they_o have_v for_o the_o roman_a government_n nor_o do_v hannibal_n take_v this_o resolution_n rash_o and_o without_o ripe_a deliberation_n for_o the_o champaign_n country_n about_o capua_n be_v the_o best_a part_n of_o the_o rich_a and_o most_o beautiful_a soil_n in_o the_o world_n furthermore_n it_o border_n on_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o italy_n hold_v intercourse_n with_o all_o foreign_a country_n over_o and_o above_o these_o encouragement_n the_o noble_a and_o most_o beautiful_a town_n of_o all_o italy_n be_v find_v here_o namely_o on_o the_o sea-coast_n sinuessa_n cuma_n puzzola_n naples_n and_o nuceria_n on_o the_o frontier_n towards_o the_o west_n calenum_n and_o theano_n towards_o the_o southeast_n apulia_n and_o nola._n capua_n be_v situate_a in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o country_n and_o surpass_v heretofore_o in_o riches_n and_o luxury_n all_o other_o city_n so_o much_o like_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o fable_n that_o be_v record_v of_o this_o delicious_a territory_n know_v likewise_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o phlegraean-field_n with_o those_o fame_v in_o greece_n for_o their_o beauty_n and_o amoenity_n in_o short_a it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v principal_o for_o this_o happy_a country_n that_o the_o god_n once_o contend_v furthermore_o this_o country_n be_v fortify_v by_o nature_n and_o the_o access_n to_o it_o difficult_a for_o on_o the_o one_o hand_n it_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o other_o by_o a_o chain_n of_o continue_a mountain_n in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v but_o three_o avenue_n to_o it_o and_o these_o very_a straight_a and_o difficult_a over_o the_o say_a mountain_n the_o first_o be_v that_o which_o lead_v to_o samnium_n the_o second_o to_o eribanus_n and_o the_o three_o from_o the_o country_n of_o the_o hirpins_n wherefore_o the_o carthaginian_a be_v not_o without_o hope_n that_o if_o he_o can_v compass_v the_o conquest_n of_o this_o part_n of_o italy_n he_o shall_v be_v able_a from_o thence_o to_o awe_v all_o the_o world_n beside_o and_o bring_v a_o contempt_n on_o his_o fluggish_a enemy_n who_o have_v not_o the_o courage_n to_o forbid_v he_o and_o that_o no_o body_n will_v then_o doubt_v but_o he_o be_v in_o effect_n master_n of_o all_o without_o the_o roman_a retrenchment_n hannibal_n wrought_v on_o by_o these_o reason_n have_v leave_v samnium_n and_o gain_v his_o passage_n by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o mountain_n call_v eribanus_n he_o encamp_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n athurnus_n which_o divide_v and_o run_v through_o that_o part_n of_o campania_n that_o regard_v italy_n and_o from_o hence_o forage_v and_o make_v devastation_n in_o the_o country_n round_o about_o none_o appear_v to_o impeach_v he_o while_o fabius_n though_o wonder_v at_o the_o temerity_n of_o his_o project_n hold_v the_o fast_a to_o his_o first_o determination_n but_o minutius_n on_o the_o contrary_a and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prime_a officer_n of_o the_o army_n persuade_v they_o have_v now_o coop'd-up_a the_o enemy_n become_v very_o instant_a that_o they_o may_v hasten_v their_o march_n into_o campania_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v support_v that_o hannibal_n shall_v without_o control_n pillage_n and_o destroy_v the_o best_a and_o most_o flourish_a part_n of_o italy_n whereupon_o fabius_n make_v show_v of_o be_v reason_v into_o their_o opinion_n and_o feign_v to_o be_v as_o forward_o to_o find_v out_o the_o enemy_n and_o give_v he_o battle_n as_o they_o be_v till_o he_o have_v get_v into_o the_o country_n whither_o he_o march_v the_o army_n with_o great_a expedition_n but_o when_o he_o draw_v near_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o falernians_n he_o content_v himself_o with_o bare_o make_v a_o appearance_n with_o his_o army_n along_o the_o mountain_n and_o to_o keep_v pace_n with_o the_o enemy_n fear_v lest_o their_o ally_n shall_v think_v that_o the_o roman_n out_o of_o dread_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n confine_v themselves_o entire_o to_o their_o camp_n nevertheless_o he_o adventure_v not_o into_o the_o plain_a country_n but_o continue_v to_o shun_v all_o occasion_n of_o 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before_o separately_z after_z having_z first_o brief_o refresh_v the_o memory_n in_o some_o occurrence_n that_o fall_v out_o about_o those_o time_n have_v propound_v to_o ourselves_o not_o only_o to_o write_v our_o history_n with_o perspicuity_n but_o so_o as_o to_o engage_v the_o reader_n be_v esteem_a who_o shall_v study_v it_o with_o attention_n king_n philip_n pass_v the_o winter_n in_o macedon_n in_o make_v levy_n and_o preparation_n for_o the_o war_n and_o fortify_v his_o frontier_n against_o the_o attempt_n of_o the_o barbarian_n who_o be_v his_o near_a neighbour_n afterward_o find_v out_o scerdilaidas_n he_o a_o little_a too_o bold_o conside_v in_o and_o contract_a alliance_n with_o he_o and_o promise_v he_o aid_n towards_o his_o acquire_v certain_a town_n in_o illyria_n and_o censure_v the_o action_n of_o the_o aetolian_n which_o please_v scerdilaidas_n above_o all_o thing_n he_o easy_o win_v he_o to_o his_o purpose_n for_o private_a injury_n have_v their_o force_n and_o differ_v not_o from_o public_a in_o the_o nature_n but_o magnitude_n of_o the_o offence_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o fatal_a to_o such_o as_o league_n together_o in_o criminal_a and_o violent_a action_n as_o the_o breach_n of_o faith_n among_o themselves_o this_o be_v experiment_a by_o the_o aetolian_n for_o it_o be_v a_o stipulation_n between_o they_o and_o scerdilaidas_n that_o he_o shall_v share_v a_o proportion_n in_o the_o spoil_n and_o plunder_n that_o shall_v be_v take_v who_o be_v to_o be_v a_o party_n in_o the_o crime_n that_o shall_v be_v commit_v if_o he_o will_v join_v wih_o they_o in_o their_o expedition_n against_o the_o achaian_n nevertheless_o on_o their_o take_n and_o spoil_v the_o city_n of_o cynaetha_n where_o be_v find_v great_a booty_n of_o slave_n cattle_n and_o other_o movable_n they_o admit_v he_o to_o no_o part_n thereof_o which_o breach_n of_o article_n so_o distaste_v scerdilaidas_n that_o when_o philip_n have_v refresh_v the_o sense_n of_o that_o injury_n he_o be_v wrought_v to_o promise_v he_o will_v enter_v into_o the_o common_a alliance_n on_o the_o term_n of_o be_v pay_v yearly_o the_o sum_n of_o twenty_o talent_n and_o will_v make_v war_n on_o the_o aetolian_n by_o sea_n with_o a_o fleet_n of_o thirty_o vessel_n and_o now_o the_o ambassador_n who_o have_v be_v dispatch_v to_o the_o confederate_a state_n first_o come_v to_o the_o acarnanian_o treat_v with_o they_o who_o frank_o confirm_v the_o decree_n and_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o aetolian_n and_o yet_o though_o they_o shall_v have_v take_v time_n to_o explain_v themselves_o and_o express_v their_o just_a apprehension_n of_o the_o war_n there_o be_v no_o people_n against_o who_o less_o offence_n can_v have_v be_v take_v as_o be_v borderer_n on_o the_o aetolian_n and_o what_o be_v more_o be_v very_o ill_o able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o not_o long_o before_o have_v be_v deep_a sufferer_n by_o aetolian_a violence_n but_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o a_o generous_a nation_n jealous_a of_o their_o honour_n prefer_v that_o to_o all_o other_o consideration_n both_o in_o their_o public_a and_o private_a treaty_n and_o herein_o the_o acarnanian_o have_v surpass_v most_o of_o the_o greek_n who_o weak_a as_o they_o be_v have_v in_o defence_n of_o their_o reputation_n engage_v in_o the_o great_a danger_n wherefore_o there_o be_v no_o people_n among_o the_o grecian_n with_o who_o friendship_n may_v be_v more_o safe_o contract_v there_o be_v none_o who_o profess_v more_o regard_n to_o public_a or_o private_a faith_n or_o will_v venture_v further_o for_o the_o love_n of_o liberty_n as_o to_o the_o epirot_n though_o they_o ratify_v the_o decree_n yet_o they_o will_v not_o yield_v to_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o aetolian_n till_o king_n philip_n shall_v first_o proclaim_v it_o wherefore_o they_o dismiss_v the_o aetolian_a ambassador_n with_o promise_n to_o continue_v in_o good_a term_n with_o they_o wherein_o they_o make_v show_v of_o very_o little_a generosity_n ambassador_n be_v dispatch_v in_o like_a manner_n to_o king_n ptolemy_n to_o dissuade_v he_o from_o yield_v any_o help_n to_o the_o aetolian_n against_o king_n philip_n either_o by_o supply_n of_o money_n or_o otherwise_o as_o to_o the_o messenian_n on_o who_o score_n the_o war_n first_o break_v out_o they_o reply_v to_o the_o ambassador_n that_o they_o will_v not_o engage_v in_o the_o war_n unless_o phigalia_n which_o command_v their_o frontier_n be_v first_o draw_v off_o from_o the_o aetolian_a league_n but_o oenis_fw-la and_o nicippus_n with_o other_o who_o favour_v the_o oligarchy_n have_v procure_v this_o declaration_n against_o the_o general_a inclination_n of_o the_o people_n wherein_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v much_o in_o the_o wrong_n for_o while_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o war_n be_v a_o evil_a great_o to_o be_v apprehend_v so_o it_o be_v as_o true_a that_o our_o fear_n thereof_o ought_v not_o to_o subject_v we_o to_o suffer_v every_o thing_n and_o debase_v we_o into_o villanage_n to_o avoid_v it_o for_o why_o do_v we_o keep_v such_o a_o stir_n about_o preserve_a equality_n among_o the_o citizen_n and_o the_o freedom_n of_o speech_n in_o deliberation_n why_o in_o short_a do_v the_o name_n of_o liberty_n bear_v such_o a_o price_n among_o we_o if_o there_o be_v not_o something_o more_o valuable_a than_o peace_n itself_o for_o what_o man_n ever_o applaud_v the_o theban_n who_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o the_o danger_n they_o must_v have_v be_v expose_v to_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o general_a good_a of_o greece_n during_o the_o median_a war_n enter_v into_o confederacy_n with_o the_o persian_n i_o be_o not_o therefore_o of_o pindar_n mind_n who_o to_o defend_v that_o weak_a action_n have_v say_v somewhere_o in_o his_o write_n that_o a_o wise_a citizen_n who_o will_v study_v the_o true_a welfare_n of_o his_o country_n prefer_v above_o all_o thing_n the_o benefit_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o peace_n and_o he_o think_v perhaps_o that_o he_o have_v all_o the_o world_n of_o his_o side_n while_o on_o the_o contrary_n he_o can_o have_v broach_v a_o more_o pernicious_a and_o scandalous_a opinion_n for_o as_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o eligible_a and_o profitable_a than_o peace_n on_o condition_n just_a and_o honourable_a so_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o hurtful_a or_o shameful_a than_o when_o it_o be_v purchase_v by_o servitude_n and_o stain_v with_o base_a and_o infamous_a ends._n however_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a citizen_n of_o messina_n who_o have_v no_o further_a prospect_n than_o private_a and_o present_a profit_n pursue_v peace_n more_o passionate_o than_o they_o ought_v it_o be_v true_a that_o at_o the_o price_n of_o many_o evil_n which_o they_o be_v content_a to_o suffer_v they_o shun_v some_o present_a fear_n and_o danger_n but_o the_o disease_n increase_v by_o degree_n they_o by_o those_o measure_v bring_v their_o country_n at_o long_o run_v into_o grievous_a calamity_n the_o best_a reason_n that_o i_o can_v conceive_v may_v be_v render_v in_o their_o defence_n be_v that_o they_o be_v borderer_n on_o the_o two_o most_o considerable_a state_n not_o only_o of_o peloponnesus_n but_o of_o greece_n itself_o namely_o the_o arcadian_n and_o lacedaemonian_n of_o who_o the_o one_o be_v always_o their_o most_o implacable_a enemy_n from_o their_o first_o possess_v of_o that_o country_n the_o other_o a_o peaceable_a neighbour_n wish_v they_o well_o and_o desire_v their_o preservation_n nevertheless_o they_o have_v never_o open_o declare_v themselves_o either_o friend_n to_o the_o arcadian_n or_o enemy_n to_o the_o lacedaemonian_n wherefore_o when_o at_o any_o time_n those_o two_o people_n chance_v to_o differ_v or_o be_v otherwise_o engage_v in_o war_n the_o messenian_n find_v their_o account_n thereby_o and_o enjoy_v their_o repose_n but_o when_o ever_o the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v disengage_v from_o other_o war_n they_o present_o enter_v on_o new_a design_n to_o molest_v and_o subdue_v the_o messenian_n who_o never_o presume_v to_o contend_v with_o a_o power_n so_o much_o superior_a to_o their_o own_o nor_o have_v ever_o make_v any_o friend_n who_o will_v adventure_v any_o thing_n in_o their_o behalf_n so_o they_o become_v oblige_v at_o length_n either_o to_o comply_v with_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o patient_o submit_v to_o the_o yoke_n they_o impose_v or_o otherwise_o to_o abandon_v their_o country_n with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n in_o short_a they_o have_v already_o frequent_o feel_v these_o hardship_n and_o but_o a_o very_a little_a before_o taste_v thereof_o and_o it_o be_v much_o to_o be_v wish_v that_o the_o affair_n of_o peloponnesus_n can_v be_v settle_v on_o such_o a_o basis_n and_o the_o care_n of_o its_o conservation_n may_v so_o affect_v man_n mind_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o occasion_n of_o apply_v such_o remedy_n as_o i_o shall_v mention_v by_o and_o by_o but_o in_o case_n any_o general_a change_n or_o revolution_n shall_v threaten_v my_o
sparta_n for_o the_o election_n of_o their_o king_n but_o the_o news_n of_o his_o death_n be_v no_o soon_o publish_v when_o both_o the_o people_n and_o ephori_fw-la proceed_v to_o deliberate_v thereupon_o the_o ephori_fw-la who_o be_v of_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o seditious_a and_o have_v make_v alliance_n with_o the_o aetolian_n choose_v for_o one_o of_o their_o king_n agesipolis_n who_o father_n be_v cleombrotus_n who_o succeed_v leonidas_n he_o be_v the_o near_a in_o blood_n they_o appoint_v for_o his_o governor_n cleomenes_n the_o son_n of_o cleombrotus_n and_o brother_n to_o the_o first_o agesipolis_n as_o to_o the_o other_o king_n although_o archidamus_n leave_v two_o child_n beget_v of_o the_o daughter_n of_o hippomedon_n and_o there_o be_v other_o of_o the_o same_o lineage_n but_o more_o remote_a though_o they_o be_v of_o the_o family_n yet_o these_o be_v reject_v and_o the_o royalty_n confer_v on_o lycurgus_n who_o descend_v not_o from_o any_o one_o ancestor_n that_o have_v wear_v the_o crown_n but_o at_o the_o price_n of_o a_o talon_n he_o bestow_v on_o each_o of_o the_o ephori_fw-la he_o buy_v his_o adoption_n to_o hercules_n and_o his_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o sparta_n so_o true_a it_o be_v that_o all_o villainy_n be_v everywhere_o buy_v at_o a_o price_n and_o it_o will_v be_v see_v that_o the_o author_n of_o these_o violation_n be_v not_o punish_v in_o their_o child_n or_o child_n child_n but_o they_o themselves_o live_v to_o share_v the_o fruit_n of_o their_o folly_n machatas_n receive_v notice_n of_o these_o proceed_n return_v speedy_o to_o sparta_n where_o he_o labour_v his_o utmost_a with_o the_o king_n and_o the_o ephori_fw-la to_o dispose_v they_o to_o declare_v war_n with_o the_o achaian_n there_o be_v no_o other_o mean_n leave_v whereby_o to_o vanquish_v the_o difficulty_n they_o be_v now_o under_o with_o those_o who_o oppose_v the_o alliance_n with_o the_o aetolian_n who_o have_v likewise_o a_o party_n in_o aetolia_n itself_o but_o have_v at_o length_n prevail_v with_o the_o king_n and_o the_o ephori_fw-la he_o return_v back_o to_o his_o country_n after_o have_v by_o the_o weakness_n of_o those_o who_o he_o have_v gain_v to_o his_o purpose_n successful_o execute_v his_o commission_n as_o to_o lycurgus_n he_o march_v out_o and_o make_v incursion_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o argian_n with_o the_o troop_n he_o have_v raise_v with_o who_o be_v join_v the_o militia_n of_o the_o city_n so_o that_o take_v the_o argian_n thus_o by_o surprise_n the_o enemy_n easy_o effect_v their_o purpose_n soon_o after_o he_o take_v polichna_n prasia_n leucas_n and_o cyphas_n he_o get_v possession_n likewise_o of_o glimpse_n and_o zarax_n after_o which_o good_a success_n the_o lacedaemonian_n proclaim_v war_n with_o the_o achaian_n thus_o all_o thing_n sort_v to_o the_o wish_n of_o the_o aetolian_n they_o enter_v on_o the_o war_n with_o great_a assurance_n while_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o achaian_n have_v but_o a_o melancholy_a prospect_n of_o their_o affair_n for_o king_n philip_n on_o who_o they_o most_o rely_v be_v yet_o but_o form_v his_o army_n theâ—_n epirot_n be_v slow_a in_o their_o preparation_n and_o the_o messenian_n continue_v neuter_n while_o the_o aetolian_n assist_v by_o the_o elean_n and_o lacedaemonian_n attack_v they_o on_o every_o side_n at_o the_o same_o time_n aratus_n praetorship_n expire_v and_o aratus_n his_o son_n be_v by_o the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o achaian_n choose_v praetor_n in_o his_o place_n scopas_n likewise_o be_v praetor_n of_o the_o aetolian_n who_o time_n be_v now_o half_o expire_v the_o aetolian_n election_n of_o magistrate_n be_v in_o in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n the_o achaian_n march_n aratus_n the_o young_a than_o enter_v on_o his_o charge_n early_o in_o that_o summer_n which_o be_v remarkable_a for_o the_o begin_n of_o so_o many_o war_n for_o hannibal_n be_v then_o meditate_v the_o siege_n of_o saguntum_n the_o roman_n dispatch_v l._n aemilius_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n into_o illyria_n against_o demetrius_n the_o pharian_a whereof_o we_o have_v make_v mention_n in_o our_o precede_a book_n antiochus_n enter_v on_o the_o war_n which_o be_v wage_v for_o the_o low_a syria_n after_o theodorus_n have_v deliver_v up_o to_o he_o tyre_n and_o ptolemais_n lycurgus_n king_n of_o sparta_n arrogate_a the_o same_o authority_n as_o heretofore_o cleomenes_n do_v lay_v siege_n to_o athenaeum_n belong_v to_o the_o megalopolitan_o the_o achaian_n make_v levy_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n to_o sustain_v the_o war_n that_o so_o much_o threaten_v they_o philip_n march_v out_o of_o macedon_n with_o a_o army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o heavy-armed_a troop_n five_o thousand_o targeteer_n and_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n these_o be_v the_o hostile_a preparation_n that_o be_v then_o everywhere_o make_v beside_o that_o the_o rhodian_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n engage_v in_o a_o war_n with_o the_o byzantine_n the_o quarrel_n be_v ground_v on_o the_o reason_n we_o shall_v now_o deliver_v the_o byzantine_n be_v situate_a the_o most_o commodious_o of_o any_o people_n who_o by_o their_o neigh-hood_n to_o the_o sea_n have_v all_o thing_n transport_v to_o they_o that_o minister_v to_o the_o supply_n of_o human_a life_n or_o luxury_n but_o they_o can_v boast_v of_o the_o like_a felicity_n by_o land_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o sea_n their_o city_n stand_v so_o on_o the_o coast_n that_o no_o vessel_n can_v go_v or_o come_v without_o their_o permission_n and_o whatever_o can_v be_v supply_v by_o the_o pontic_a sea_n which_o yield_v abundance_n of_o every_o needful_a thing_n they_o be_v master_n of_o in_o a_o word_n the_o country_n border_v on_o that_o sea_n afford_v we_o plenty_n of_o hide_n and_o of_o good_a slave_n honey_n wax_n salt_v flesh_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o the_o like_a commodity_n the_o byzantine_n enjoy_v likewise_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o navigation_n all_o thing_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o our_o country_n as_o oil_n wine_n and_o the_o like_a breadcorn_n be_v also_o a_o commodity_n among_o they_o which_o sometime_o they_o buy_v and_o at_o other_o time_n they_o sell_v it_o will_v concern_v the_o greek_n then_o either_o not_o to_o deal_v at_o all_o in_o these_o kind_n of_o merchandise_n or_o to_o resolve_v to_o trade_n without_o advantage_n if_o the_o byzantine_n shall_v at_o any_o time_n enter_v into_o league_n with_o the_o thracian_n or_o galatian_n or_o in_o short_a total_o to_o abandon_v all_o commerce_n with_o those_o country_n for_o we_o shall_v be_v no_o long_o at_o liberty_n to_o navigate_v in_o the_o pontic_a sea_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o straitness_n of_o the_o inlet_n and_o the_o multitude_n of_o barbarian_n that_o possess_v the_o country_n round_o about_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n then_o but_o it_o be_v the_o felicity_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o place_n to_o which_o byzantium_n owe_v the_o many_o advantage_n it_o enjoy_v for_o be_v it_o either_o for_o the_o consumption_n of_o such_o thing_n whereof_o they_o abound_v or_o the_o supply_n of_o what_o they_o want_v they_o negotiate_v both_o with_o ease_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o navigation_n nor_o be_v those_o who_o hold_v commerce_n with_o they_o without_o their_o share_n of_o commodity_n wherefore_o as_o they_o be_v beneficial_a to_o every_o one_o so_o the_o greek_n in_o general_n have_v a_o just_a consideration_n for_o they_o and_o they_o do_v not_o only_o think_v they_o have_v a_o right_a to_o their_o thanks_o to_o but_o their_o succour_n and_o assistance_n whensoever_o they_o be_v invade_v or_o press_v by_o their_o barbarous_a neighbour_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o nature_n and_o situation_n of_o this_o place_n be_v know_v but_o to_o a_o few_o it_o lie_v out_o of_o the_o way_n of_o the_o general_a commerce_n of_o the_o world_n we_o have_v therefore_o think_v it_o worth_a our_o pain_n to_o show_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o byzantium_n enjoy_v so_o many_o advantage_n superior_a to_o most_o other_o city_n for_o it_o be_v our_o purpose_n to_o be_v ever_o very_o particular_a in_o this_o sort_n of_o subject_n and_o to_o endeavour_v to_o give_v such_o a_o prospect_n of_o those_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v find_v worth_a remark_n as_o to_o paint_v they_o as_o it_o be_v to_o the_o view_n at_o least_o to_o engrave_v such_o a_o picture_n of_o they_o in_o the_o mind_n that_o the_o image_n shall_v be_v but_o just_a short_a of_o truth_n itself_o that_o which_o we_o call_v the_o pontic_a sea_n then_o contain_v in_o circuit_n about_o nine_o hundred_o league_n it_o have_v two_o outlet_n or_o strait_n the_o one_o into_o the_o propontis_n the_o other_o give_v it_o communication_n with_o the_o palus-maeotis_n who_o circuit_n be_v upward_o of_o three_o hundred_o league_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o many_o eminent_a river_n of_o asia_n and_o more_o of_o the_o principal_a river_n of_o europe_n discharge_v themselves_o into_o this_o
countenance_v his_o march_n post_v himself_o with_o the_o bucklerman_n and_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o cover_v those_o also_o who_o carry_v heavy_a arm_n during_o their_o passage_n by_o that_o straight_a piece_n of_o ground_n along_o by_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n those_o who_o be_v draw_v up_o near_a the_o town_n attack_v the_o horse_n who_o be_v post_v to_o cover_v the_o march_n of_o the_o rest_n in_o which_o occasion_n the_o dispute_n be_v very_o obstinate_a where_o the_o bucklerman_n perform_v excellent_a service_n but_o in_o conclusion_n the_o king_n have_v the_o better_a here_o likewise_o and_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n horse_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n pass_v the_o river_n without_o difficulty_n and_o join_v the_o phalanx_n but_o night_n now_o approach_v he_o find_v it_o behoveful_a to_o hasten_v his_o retreat_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o encamp_v on_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n just_a without_o the_o straight_a or_o defilée_n it_o so_o chance_v that_o the_o guide_n themselves_o have_v pitch_v on_o that_o very_a place_n wherein_o to_o encamp_v be_v so_o advantageous_a a_o spot_n that_o whosoever_o will_v make_v incursion_n into_o laconia_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o choose_v a_o more_o commodious_a post_n for_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o way_n to_o tegaea_n and_o the_o inland_a part_n of_o the_o country_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n command_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o defilée_n distant_a about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n from_o sparta_n that_o side_n which_o look_v towards_o the_o town_n be_v cover_v by_o the_o brow_n of_o a_o inaccessible_a hill_n it_o lie_v i_o say_v just_a under_o the_o rock_n and_o precipice_n thereof_o be_v a_o level_a piece_n of_o ground_n plentiful_o supply_v with_o water_n insomuch_o as_o it_o seem_v destine_v by_o nature_n to_o ensure_v to_o the_o soldier_n a_o safâ—_n entrance_n and_o retreat_n where_o be_v once_o encamp_v and_o master_n of_o the_o eminence_n they_o may_v with_o assurance_n say_v they_o be_v both_o safe_a and_o possess_v of_o a_o most_o pleasant_a post_n which_o command_v the_o passage_n in_o and_o out_o of_o the_o straight_a here_o philip_n have_v pass_v the_o night_n without_o any_o alarm_n in_o the_o morning_n cause_v his_o baggage_n first_o to_o march_v and_o lead_v the_o army_n into_o the_o plain_n he_o there_o draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n in_o view_n of_o the_o city_n of_o sparta_n where_o he_o remain_v a_o while_n to_o see_v if_o the_o enemy_n be_v dispose_v to_o further_a action_n then_o make_v a_o short_a turn_n take_v his_o way_n towards_o tegaea_n and_o come_v to_o the_o ground_n where_o the_o battle_n have_v be_v heretofore_o fight_v between_o antigonus_n and_o cleomenes_n he_o there_o encamp_v and_o the_o next_o day_n after_o he_o have_v well_o observe_v every_o thing_n and_o sacrifice_v on_o the_o top_n of_o either_o mountain_n the_o one_o be_v call_v olympia_n the_o other_o eva_n secure_v his_o rearguard_n he_o prosecute_v his_o march_n to_o tegaea_n where_o he_o command_v the_o booty_n to_o be_v sell_v and_o then_o return_v by_o argoâ—_n to_o corinth_n with_o the_o whole_a army_n there_o he_o be_v meet_v by_o ambassador_n from_o rhodes_n and_o chios_n who_o be_v dispatch_v to_o he_o on_o the_o subject_n of_o a_o pacification_n the_o king_n give_v they_o audience_n and_o make_v semblance_n of_o a_o inclination_n to_o a_o peace_n with_o the_o aetolian_n with_o who_o he_o wish_v they_o to_o confer_v and_o deliberate_v by_o what_o mean_v it_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o pass_v so_o dismiss_v the_o ambassador_n he_o go_v to_o lechoeum_n purpose_v to_o embark_v from_o thence_o in_o order_n to_o a_o descent_n on_o the_o land_n of_o the_o phocian_o where_o he_o have_v meditate_a some_o enterprise_n of_o great_a importance_n about_o this_o time_n leontius_n megaleas_n and_o ptolemy_n be_v not_o yet_o total_o out_o of_o hope_n of_o give_v some_o apprehension_n to_o king_n philip_n endeavour_v so_o to_o cover_v their_o old_a crime_n to_o foment_n a_o murmur_a among_o the_o bucklerman_n and_o the_o king_n guard_n and_o they_o themselves_o instill_a the_o like_a seditious_a opinion_n that_o they_o who_o be_v first_o in_o all_o hazard_n and_o secure_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n from_o danger_n be_v not_o treat_v according_a to_o their_o merit_n and_o be_v not_o only_o not_o consider_v and_o distinguish_v by_o any_o particular_a reward_n for_o their_o service_n but_o even_o such_o booty_n as_o fell_v into_o their_o hand_n be_v take_v from_o they_o notwithstanding_o the_o constant_a custom_n in_o the_o like_a case_n to_o the_o contrary_n after_o this_o manner_n they_o have_v so_o inflame_v they_o that_o assemble_v in_o party_n they_o attempt_v and_o rifle_v the_o quarter_n of_o the_o king_n be_v chief_a friend_n and_o favourite_n insomuch_o that_o their_o insolence_n grow_v to_o that_o height_n that_o they_o forbear_v not_o at_o length_n the_o king_n be_v own_o lodging_n break_v the_o roof_n thereof_o this_o mutiny_n spread_v so_o great_a terror_n and_o disturbance_n about_o the_o city_n that_o the_o king_n have_v notice_n thereof_o come_v with_o all_o possible_a expedition_n from_o lechoeum_n and_o immediate_o assemble_v the_o macedonian_n partly_o by_o remonstrance_n partly_o by_o menace_n appease_v the_o tumult_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o on_o such_o occasion_n man_n be_v of_o divers_a mind_n some_o advise_v to_o find_v out_o and_o seize_v on_o the_o author_n of_o the_o sedition_n to_o make_v they_o example_n other_o that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o reduce_v thing_n to_o order_n and_o pacify_v the_o tumult_n without_o any_o further_a process_n or_o inquisition_n wherefore_o the_o king_n hide_v his_o purpose_n for_o the_o present_a and_o seem_v well_o satisfy_v with_o what_o he_o have_v already_o do_v exhort_v they_o only_o to_o union_n and_o better_a obedience_n and_o so_o dismiss_v the_o assembly_n not_o but_o that_o he_o be_v well_o aware_a who_o have_v be_v the_o prime_a mover_n and_o instigator_n of_o the_o sedition_n but_o think_v it_o wisdom_n at_o that_o time_n to_o seem_v less_o know_v than_o he_o be_v but_o these_o stir_n be_v soon_o over_o and_o king_n philip_n phocian_n expedition_n likewise_o at_o that_o time_n for_o certain_a reason_n respite_v and_o now_o leontius_n come_v to_o perceive_v the_o vanity_n of_o his_o guilty_a project_n and_o the_o dangerous_a state_n he_o have_v contract_v have_v recourse_n to_o apelles_n solicit_v his_o return_n from_o chalcis_n and_o give_v he_o frequent_a intimation_n of_o the_o many_o difficulty_n he_o meet_v with_o and_o that_o the_o king_n grow_v into_o great_a dislike_n of_o he_o in_o every_o thing_n now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o during_o apelleâ—_n residence_n at_o chalcis_n his_o deportment_n be_v more_o like_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n than_o a_o subject_a govern_v all_o thing_n with_o a_o arbitrary_a authority_n and_o labour_v to_o be_v think_v singular_a in_o his_o sufficiency_n and_o power_n and_o that_o the_o king_n act_v nothing_o but_o by_o his_o counsel_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o dispose_v absolute_o of_o every_o thing_n wherefore_o all_o who_o be_v in_o the_o magistracy_n and_o have_v charge_n of_o the_o affair_n in_o macedon_n and_o thessaly_n ever_o apply_v to_o he_o and_o take_v his_o direction_n in_o all_o their_o consultation_n and_o iâ—_n short_a when_o at_o any_o time_n any_o of_o the_o greâ—â—_n town_n have_v occasion_n to_o publish_v any_o new_a law_n or_o ordinance_n or_o to_o confer_v honour_n or_o preferment_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o mention_n madâ—_n of_o the_o king_n but_o of_o apelles_n wherefore_o when_o philip_n come_v to_o be_v right_o inform_v of_o all_o these_o thing_n he_o grow_v justlâ—_n sensible_a of_o the_o outrage_n that_o have_v be_v donâ—_n he_o nor_o be_v aratus_n want_v to_o warm_a hiâ—_n indignation_n howbeit_o he_o carry_v his_o resentment_n so_o close_o that_o none_o be_v privy_a to_o his_o purpose_n or_o know_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o mind_n apelles_n therefore_o far_o from_o suspect_v the_o least_o coldness_n from_o the_o king_n be_v persuade_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v receive_v at_o court_n after_o his_o wont_a manner_n and_o soon_o dispose_v of_o the_o king_n mind_n at_o his_o pleasure_n wherefore_o he_o leave_v chalcis_n to_o come_v to_o the_o aid_n of_o leontius_n and_o now_o as_o he_o draw_v near_o to_o corinth_n ptolemy_n leontius_n and_o megaleas_n who_o command_v the_o bucklerman_n and_o have_v prime_a authority_n in_o the_o army_n so_o wrought_v that_o the_o flower_n of_o the_o king_n troop_n go_v out_o to_o meet_v and_o accompany_v he_o insomuch_o that_o what_o with_o officer_n and_o soldier_n they_o compose_v a_o pompon_n train_n with_o which_o he_o make_v his_o entrance_n into_o the_o town_n and_o so_o go_v direct_o to_o wait_v on_o the_o king_n but_o while_o he_o attempt_v according_a to_o his_o manner_n heretofore_o to_o enter_v into_o
at_o the_o same_o time_n stone_v to_o death_n by_o the_o woman_n of_o apamea_n upon_o antiochus_n return_n home_o he_o dispose_v his_o army_n into_o winter-quarter_n and_o send_v to_o expostulate_v with_o achoeus_n about_o his_o invade_v the_o crown_n and_o presume_v to_o call_v himself_o king_n afterward_o he_o let_v he_o understand_v that_o the_o league_n he_o have_v make_v with_o ptolemy_n be_v come_v to_o his_o knowledge_n and_o charge_v he_o with_o many_o other_o act_v contrary_a to_o justice_n and_o in_o violation_n of_o his_o duty_n it_o seem_v that_o at_o what_o time_n the_o war_n be_v undertake_v against_o artabazanes_n achoeus_n imagine_v the_o king_n may_v miscarry_v in_o that_o expedition_n and_o though_o that_o shall_v not_o happen_v yet_o the_o king_n be_v thereby_o draw_v so_o far_o out_o of_o the_o way_n will_v give_v he_o a_o safe_a opportunity_n to_o fall_v on_o syria_n and_o seize_v on_o that_o kingdom_n for_o himself_o aid_v therein_o by_o the_o cyrrhestoe_fw-mi who_o at_o that_o time_n have_v withdraw_v their_o obedience_n from_o the_o king_n wherefore_o with_o this_o determination_n he_o march_v his_o army_n out_o of_o lydia_n furthermore_o he_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v crown_v at_o laodicea_n of_o phrygia_n receive_v and_o give_v audience_n to_o ambassador_n and_o in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o city_n he_o assume_v the_o regal_a title_n flatter_v principal_o into_o this_o attempt_n by_o the_o instigation_n of_o a_o certain_a exile_n call_v syniris_n but_o after_o some_o day_n march_v and_o that_o they_o now_o approach_v lycaonia_n there_o happen_v a_o mutiny_n in_o his_o army_n the_o soldiers_z refuse_v it_o seem_v to_o be_v lead_v against_o he_o who_o nature_n have_v destine_v for_o their_o king_n whereupon_o achoeus_n perceive_v the_o army_n to_o have_v change_v their_o mind_n change_v also_o his_o purpose_n and_o to_o persuade_v they_o that_o he_o never_o design_v to_o invade_v syria_n he_o take_v another_o way_n and_o march_v and_o plunder_v pisidia_n after_o which_o expedition_n have_v enrich_v the_o soldier_n with_o booty_n and_o confirm_v their_o affection_n he_o return_v home_o the_o king_n then_o who_o be_v well_o inform_v of_o all_o these_o passage_n have_v as_o be_v note_v let_v achoeus_n know_v so_o much_o by_o menace_a message_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n prepare_v for_o the_o war_n against_o ptolemy_n to_o which_o purpose_n early_o in_o the_o spring_n he_o assemble_v his_o troop_n at_o apamea_n and_o call_v a_o council_n to_o deliberate_v on_o the_o best_a way_n to_o make_v his_o entrance_n for_o the_o invade_v of_o syria_n on_o which_o subject_n be_v long_a debate_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o country_n situation_n of_o place_n of_o the_o provision_n to_o make_v and_o of_o what_o benefit_n a_o fleet_n will_v be_v towards_o the_o furtherance_n of_o the_o enterprise_n but_o the_o advice_n of_o apollophanes_n the_o seleucian_n the_o physician_n we_o have_v already_o have_v occasion_n to_o name_n prevail_v above_o the_o rest_n who_o maintain_v that_o the_o design_n on_o caelo-syria_n be_v vain_a and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o unprofitable_a expedition_n to_o make_v war_n there_o while_o they_o leave_v ptolemy_n in_o quiet_a possession_n of_o seleucia_n a_o royal_a city_n and_o in_o effect_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o not_o to_o mention_v the_o dishonour_n to_o have_v that_o city_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o egyptian_a king_n the_o recovery_n thereof_o will_v redound_v great_o to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n affair_n in_o many_o point_n that_o in_o the_o interim_n while_o it_o remain_v in_o the_o enemy_n hand_n it_o will_v be_v a_o mighty_a impediment_n to_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o king_n success_n in_o the_o enterprise_n he_o be_v upon_o for_o which_o way_n soever_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o carry_v the_o war_n he_o will_v find_v it_o necessary_a over_o and_o above_o all_o other_o preparation_n to_o strengthen_v all_o his_o town_n with_o extraordinary_a garrison_n mere_o on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o danger_n that_o will_v threaten_v from_o seleucia_n but_o that_o if_o antiochus_n make_v the_o recovery_n of_o that_o place_n his_o first_o business_n it_o will_v not_o only_o serve_v as_o a_o bulwark_n and_o frontier_n against_o all_o the_o other_o town_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o will_v main_o enable_v he_o to_o prosecute_v his_o enterprise_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n the_o opinion_n of_o apollophanes_n then_o be_v by_o common_a consent_n approve_v and_o it_o be_v resolve_v to_o open_v the_o campaign_n with_o the_o siege_n of_o seleucia_n the_o king_n of_o egypt_n have_v hold_v constant_a garrison_n in_o this_o town_n ever_o since_o ptolemy_n call_v euergetes_n offend_v with_o seleucus_n for_o the_o death_n of_o berenice_n become_v master_n thereof_o who_o on_o that_o provocation_n have_v invade_v syria_n when_o it_o be_v resolve_v then_o that_o apollophanes_n counsel_n shall_v be_v follow_v antiochus_n order_v diognetus_n his_o admiral_n to_o sail_v with_o the_o fleet_n to_o seleucia_n while_o himself_o march_v with_o the_o army_n from_o apamea_n and_o come_v and_o encamp_v near_o circus_n theodotus_n be_v likewise_o send_v with_o a_o sufficient_a body_n of_o troop_n into_o the_o low_a syria_n with_o order_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o strait_n and_o to_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o all_o motion_n in_o those_o part_n as_o to_o the_o situation_n of_o seleucia_n and_o the_o country_n about_o it_o take_v it_o a_o little_a more_o or_o less_o as_o follow_v seleucia_n stand_v on_o the_o sea-coast_n on_o the_o frontier_n of_o cilicia_n and_o phoenicia_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o a_o very_a high_a mountain_n call_v coryphoeus_n one_o side_n of_o which_o mountain_n towards_o the_o west_n be_v wash_v by_o the_o sea_n between_o cyprus_n and_o phoenicia_n the_o other_o towards_o the_o east_n regard_v the_o territory_n of_o seleucia_n and_o antioch_n seleucia_n stand_v on_o the_o southside_n of_o this_o mountain_n between_o which_o and_o the_o city_n be_v a_o deep_a vale_n waste_n and_o full_a of_o break_a ground_n which_o extend_v to_o the_o sea_n enclose_v almost_o on_o all_o side_n with_o rock_n and_o precipice_n on_o that_o side_n of_o the_o city_n towards_o the_o sea_n the_o ground_n be_v low_a and_o watery_a where_o there_o be_v a_o suburb_n fortify_v with_o a_o good_a wall_n like_o that_o of_o the_o city_n itself_o seleucia_n surpass_v all_o the_o city_n of_o syria_n in_o the_o magnificence_n of_o her_o temple_n and_o other_o building_n it_o have_v but_o one_o communication_n with_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v a_o passage_n wrought_v out_o of_o the_o rock_n in_o manner_n of_o stair_n not_o far_o off_o be_v see_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n orontes_n who_o head_n be_v in_o the_o country_n about_o libanus_n and_o anti-libanus_n take_v its_o course_n through_o the_o plain_a of_o amycoe_n and_o run_v to_o antioch_n divide_v that_o city_n as_o it_o be_v into_o two_o which_o it_o cleanse_v of_o all_o their_o filth_n and_o rubbish_n and_o at_o length_n discharge_v itself_o not_o far_o from_o seleucia_n into_o the_o sea_n we_o mention_v now_o before_o antiochus_n will_v proceed_v with_o hostility_n against_o seleucia_n he_o first_o send_v offer_v of_o reward_n to_o the_o principal_a man_n of_o the_o city_n and_o promise_v of_o further_a future_a advantage_n to_o win_v they_o to_o yield_v it_o up_o without_o strife_n or_o resistance_n but_o find_v he_o labour_v that_o way_n in_o vain_a he_o corrupt_v several_a of_o their_o military_a officer_n who_o have_v post_n distinct_a and_o command_v in_o sundry_a quarter_n of_o the_o city_n and_o in_o confidence_n of_o their_o compliance_n draw_v out_o and_o order_v his_o troop_n as_o for_o a_o attack_z to_o the_o seaward_o the_o marine_a force_n be_v appoint_v towards_o the_o land_n those_o of_o the_o camp_n be_v order_v to_o make_v the_o assault_n so_o make_v three_o division_n of_o his_o army_n and_o animate_v the_o soldier_n according_a to_o custom_n and_o proclaim_v by_o a_o herald_n promise_v of_o extraordinary_a recompense_n as_o crown_n and_o such_o like_a reward_n to_o the_o officer_n and_o soldier_n who_o shall_v best_o behave_v themselves_o he_o give_v to_o xeux_n and_o those_o under_o he_o the_o attack_z of_o the_o gate_n that_o lead_v to_o antioch_n to_o hermogenes_n that_o of_o those_o part_n that_o be_v near_a the_o temple_n of_o castor_n and_o pollux_n and_o to_o ardys_n and_o diognetus_n the_o ars'nal_a and_o suburb_n for_o it_o be_v agree_v with_o the_o conspirator_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o suburb_n shall_v be_v win_v the_o town_n shall_v be_v surrender_v and_o now_o the_o signal_n be_v give_v the_o attack_z begin_v in_o all_o place_n at_o once_o and_o be_v press_v with_o great_a forwardness_n and_o bravery_n but_o ardys_n and_o diognetus_n signalise_v themselves_o above_o the_o rest_n both_o in_o resolution_n and_o address_n though_o indeed_o