since And being moreover very much sollicited by his Friends to abandon the Prince's Party he was glad to meet the Occasion I have related and embrac'd it with Joy The Prince having heard those words of Tavannes I have mention'd quitted that Count abruptly and told him with some Anger that he ought to think more than once on what he was going to do And when the said Count persisting still in his Resolution came to take his leave of his Highness Well Monsieur de Tavannes said the Prince to him you are then resolvd not to suffer a Companion to Command my Forces with me and that Pretence makes you run after the fair hopes which call you back to the Act of Grace Go then and give Mazarin the Satisfaction of having snatch'd my Right Arm from me to employ it against my self Count de Tavannes was calld at Paris The Prince's Right Arm. I find by what your Highness tells me reply'd the Count that you know me ill for the time I have had the Honour to serve you Is it possible that having seen me abandon all and sacrifice my Interest to that Honour only you should think my Heart base enough at present to suffer my self to be govern'd by the Passion of Interest I find by that that I am only your Right Arm because I am not on the side of your Heart But to â—ndeceive your Highness who thinks Interest capable to make me court the Friendship of that Minister I Protest and engage my Word to you that I will neither appear at Court or take any Employment until I have the Satisfaction of bâ—holding your Highness there in possession of the 〈◊〉 that is due to you Count Tâ—vannes having made this Generous Proâ—â—â—â—â—tion took his leave of the Prince and retir'd 〈◊〉 his Estate of Pailly near Langres where he â—â—â—ain'd ever since without any Employment 〈◊〉 the Court and without Gratitude from the Prince Whereas the King had only consented to Cardinal Mazarin's Absence in order to remove all Pâ—â—tences of continuing the Civil War and to re-establish Peace in his Kingdom he recall'd him as soon as the state of his Affairs did permit him This Minister who kept at no great distance and who did not cease to Act for His Majesty's Interests had no sooner deliver'd Picardy from the Exâ—â—rsions of the Enemies but he return'd to Court He arriv'd at Paris on the 3 d. of February with as much Pomp and as many Acclamations as if he had never quitted the Kingdom for the Reasons above mention'd The remembrance of all that was past seem'd to be bury'd or that it was design'd to brave the Prince of Conde's Absence The King went to meet the Cardinal and receiv'd him in the most obliging manner that could be As soon as Cardinal Mazarin found himself absolutely restor'd he apply'd his Mind to strengthen his Power by Considerable Alliances And being sensible that the Prince of Conty had no inclination to lead a Church-Life though he was design'd for iâ— he propos'd one of his Nieces to him Daughter to a Gentleman of Rome Beautiful and endow'd with all manner of Vertues The Marriage was concluded to the Satisfaction of all those that were concern'd While Paris and the Court was employ'd about Marriage and Divertisements Burgundy and Guienne persisted in their Revolt but that Rebellion did not last long The City of Bellegarde was the only one in all Burgundy that persisâ—â—d in the Prince's Party The Duke d' Espernon who was Governour of that Province besieg'd it and made himself Master of it after a brave and obstinate Resistance by Count Boutteville who Commanded there Marshal de la Ferté Senneterre Governour of Lorrain being inform'd that the Prince of Conde's Forces were not far from him attack'd them near Varennes and defeated them absolutely After which that Marshal Invested the Castle of Orne in the Verdunois the which surrender'd at the approach of Canon The Reduction of that Castle wasâ— follow'd by that of Sorbec At first the Governour refus'd to surrender but when he saw that the Canon advanc'd he offer'd to Capitulate but the Marshal de la Ferté Senneterre refus'd to give him Quarter and caus'd him to be hang'd at the Gate This Example of Severity terrify'd the Governours of the other Places to that degree that they submitted all without expecting a Siege After this the Marshal de la Ferté went to joyn Marshal de Turenne and they march'd together towards Champayne in order to quiet that Province and to reduce those Towns that held the Prince of Conde's Party They besieg'd Rhetel which was Commanded by the Marquess de Persan and having taken the Out-works they oblig'd that Governour to Surrender Count de Brinon who Commanded the King's Forces in Lorrain besieg'd Commercy the taking of which seem'd very difficult by reason of the Fortifications the Enemies had made there But the Governour 's Absence and the Vigour wherewith the Siege was carry'd on oblig'd the besieg'd to Capitulate 〈◊〉 the Reduction of those Places there was â—â—â—son â—o believe that the Rebels would soon re 〈…〉 their Allegiance And indeed the Revolt 〈◊〉 no where considerably but in Guienne 〈◊〉 Duâ—e of Candalâ— was sent to Command the King's Aâ—my there He immediately took the Casâ—le oâ— Poujols and then made himself Master oâ— â—guillon and Marmande after which he defeated the Forces Marsin sent to the Mount of Marsan â—here to take their Winter Quarters Whereby he dissipâ—â—ed the most considerable part of the Factions that subsisted still Several Cities of Limousin and 〈◊〉 were at that time powerfully sollicited to a Râ—volâ— but some of them return'd of themsâ—lvâ—â—â—o the peaceable Domination of their Lawâ—ul Soveraign and the others were constrain'd to it by force of Arms and absolutely to abandon the Prince of Conde's Party The City of Bordeaux was the only one that persisted in the Rebellion That Faction which was call'd L' Hormes was still very busie and was in hopes of Considerable Succours by Sea from Englâ—nd and from Spain In order to hinder them â—â—om receiving the Succours they expected the Dâ—ke of Vendâ—me High Admiral was order'd to approach with his Ships and to raise a Naval Armyâ— The Duke having brought his Ships near câ—us'd two Forts to be built upon the Garonne in order to make himself Master of that River He likewise seiz'd several Towns that stood upon the Boâ—ders thereof and landed some Forces to joyn to those of the Duke of Candale The Citizens of Bordeaux who were well affeâ—ted look'd with Grief upon the Continuation of the Revolt But whereas the Number of the Factious exceeded theirs they durst nor resist them Nevertheless when they beheld the King's Forces they form'd the Design of stifling the Rebellion absolutely To that end they assembled at the Town-House to conclude a General Peace They woâ—e white Ribbons and fix'd Standards of the same colour on the top of their
next Morning to see the Bavarian Entrenching themselves upon the Mountain next to Friburgh the Camp deserted and the Fort quitted The Duke seeing that Turenne's Men had spread â—hemselves over the Plain came down with his Army but no sooner had he a near view of the â—everal Places but the thundring from the Bavaâ—iâ—ns new Camp gave him to understand that they â—ad wholly possess'd themselves of the Mountain â—djoining to Friburgh Thereupon the D. not a little â—exed to have miss'd in his Enterprise order'd his Army to be drawn up in Battalia notwithstandâ—ng it had Rained hard all that Night But finding his Men wearyd with their hard Duty the day before and the bad Weather he deferr'd driving the Enemy from their new Entreâ—chments till the next day Soâ— that the Army had all that day and the next night to rest themselves Upon the Right Hand of Friburgh coming from â—â—isack lies a Mountain which is not so extreamly rugged for above the third part of the Highth but afterwards becomes very steep Yet when you come to the Top there is a wide space of level Ground sufficient for the drawing up Three or Four Thoâ—sand Men in good Order of Battel At the end of this little Plain stood also certain Ruins of a Tower at the Foot of which the Highest Mountain of the Black Forest rises insensibly But in regard that as it rises it runs very far backward the Highest part of it commands but very little over the Plain Mercy had posted the greatest part of his Infantry in the Parts adjoining to the Tower the rest was Encamp'd behind a Wood approaching to Friburgh His Cavalry was planted all along from the Wood to the Walls of the City In short that General had as well managd the Advantages of his Ground in that Place as the former He had also added for the Defence of it all the Inventions which the Art of War and the Conveniâ—â—cies of the Wood could afford him in so little time The Lines which he had cast up during thâ— Siege serv'd him in part to enclose his new Camâ— so that he had no need of â—ortifying any more 〈◊〉 that part which lookt toward the Vally where 〈◊〉 layd rows of Trees with their Bows entangleâ— one within another and his choicest Infantry laâ— behind this Entrenchment supported by his Cavalrâ— the Squadrons of which possess'd all the Ground beâ—tween the Row of Trees and the City So soon as it was Day the Duke advanc'd to thâ— Foot of the Mountain where Mercy lay entrench'd and in his March took in some Redoubts which were still guarded in the Vally by the Enemies Dragoons Turenne's Army had the Vanguard that day and was to make the greatest Onset D' 〈◊〉 Lieutenant General commanded the Infantryâ— L' Eschelâ—e march'd at the Head of all the rest with a Thousand Musketeers drawn out of both Armies and his Buâ—iness it was to attack the entrance that cover'd the biggest Body of the Bavarian Footâ— next the ruin'd Tower which was the place most easie of Access to get at ' em For which reasonâ— Turenne caus'd all the Canon of the Weymarians to be drawn on that side The Dukes Body of Infantry commanded by Espenan was commanded to force the Trees Between these two Attacks also there was a false Assault to be made with a few Men only to favour the real Onset Marshal Grammont had likewise Orders to keep himself drawn up in Battel array in the Plain with the Cavalry to act as the Success should direct him The Bavarians Camp afforded 'em great Advantages whither it were to defend themselves or attack the Enemy One of their Wings was supported by the Canon and Small-Shot of the Cityâ— the other was posted upon a Mountain the Heighthâ— of which alone was sufficient to secure the Forces â—â—at poâ—sess'd it But they had too large an exâ—â—nt of Entrenchment to defend that the Infantry â—â—ch weakn'd by the Hardships of the Siege and 〈◊〉 preceding Combats was not sufficient to guard 〈◊〉 Camp â— ' Eschelle began already to play with the Artiâ—â—â—â— of his Attack never staying for the Arrival 〈◊〉 the Rear-â—uard or the Signal of Battel tho 〈◊〉 Duke had commanded that all the Attacks and â—nsets should be given together Besides that â— ' Eschelle had Orders not to March up to the Eneâ—y till he heard the noise of the Musquets toward â—â—e Treâ—s and toward the false Attack in the midle But an Accident not to be fore-seen as freâ—uently it happens in the best consulted Contriâ—ances of Warâ— overturned all the Dukes Orders â—nd sav'd the Bavarians from a Total Defeat For while the Rear-guard was expected which â—ould not come up so soon by reason of the badâ—ess of the ways the Duke attended by Turenne â—nd Gâ—aâ—ment was got up to the top of the highest â—ountain to discover the Rear of the Enemies â—rmy and observe their Order of Battel In his â—bsence Espenan detach'd some men to make a â—alse Attack upon a small Redoubt that lay in hâ—s â—ay to the Enemy And tho he sent but very few â—en at first both sides were insensibly engag'd in a â—oody â—ight while the Bavarians seconded those â—hat defended the Fort and Espenan reliev'd those â—hat attack'd it insomuch that it came to a very 〈◊〉 Câ—nflict in that part Upon the noise of which â— ' Eschelle thought it high time for him to begin his â—ssault and his Errour ranvers'd all the Designs of â—he Day The Duke beholding the Enemies firing from the â—op of the Mountain rightly judgd that Espenan â—nd L' Eschelle had made a mistake and that his â—rders had not been obey'd So that he ran into the very thickest of the Engagement where 〈◊〉 found L'Eschelle slain and his men neither darinâ— to fight nor retreat â—or remedy of this Disorder he commanded Tournon to put himself at the 〈◊〉 of the astonish'd Souldiers and to assuâ—e â—em thaâ— he himself would second 'em with a Powerfâ—â— Succour Thus the Preâ—ence of the Prince giving new Lifâ— to the Souldiers the Baâ—â—rian Infantry began 〈◊〉 totter two Battallions and that which defendeâ— the Entrenchment began to Face about with theiâ— Colours and giâ—e all the marks of men that weâ—â— just ready to beâ—â—ke themselves to their Heels Buâ— they that were next the Line fir'd so furioâ—sly thâ—â— the Frâ—nch Infantry were quiâ—e dishearten'd they that were farâ—hest off began to retreat the 〈◊〉 were in a terrible fright and the Officers also began to give ground In vain the Generals told 'em of the Disorder which they beheld in the Bavarian Camp they press 'em threaten 'em and drag 'em back to the Fight But when a panick dread has once seiz'd upon a Souldier he neither seeâ— nor hears any longer either the Example or the Orders of his Generalâ— so that the Duke was forc'd to give over the Attack and draw off his Men and in this Action the Prinâ—e and all that attended him were in very great danger
Canon from the Flanks But the Besieged planted so many upon the Faces of the Bastions the Rampart of which was very low that they ruin'd those of the Besiegers For which reason the Duke was constrain'd to raise Shoulderings to hide his Batteries and cover the Faces of the Bastions By which means his Canon got the Mastery and the Besiegers labour'd with more security to perfect their Bridge Then Bamberg found that it would not be in his Power to hinder the Mâ—at from being fill'd up and therefore knowing his Garrison to be but weak he thought it not convenient to stay till the Miners were set to work in hopes before that to make a more Advantageous Capitulation Thereupon he beat a Parley Hostages were given on both sides and the Garrison march'd out the twelfth of September to the number of five Hundred Men with two Pieces of Canon The Duke put Persan's Regiment into the Town and made Espenan Governour The winning of this Place tho more easie then the Prince foreâ—saw or expected gave great Reputaâ—ion to the Arms of France insomuch that several Cities sent their Deputiesâ— Nor did 〈◊〉 till D'Aumont summon'd 'em but sent Commissioners with their Keys to the D. who receiv'd 'em Honourably and after he had confirm'd their Priviledges sent 'em back with Order to dismiss the Imperialists and receive a French Garrison which a' Aumont had Instructions to put into the Town But the Duke could not reap himself the Fruits of the taking of Philipsburgh nor could he remove from thence before he had repair'd the Fortifications For the Enemy was at hand his Men were much lessen'd and weary'd his Canon had made great Ruins which were to be repair'd nor was the Prince in a Condition to stand Mercy who had both refresh'd and recruited his Army since his retreat from Friburgh So that all the Duke could do was to settle his Quarters in the Places along the Rhine in such a manner that the Enemy could neither regain what he had won nor force him to a General Battel He had the River on the one side the City on the other the Fort of Rhine before him and the Mersh and the Woods behind him His Army being thus Advantageously Posted he detach'd Turenne to go and attack Wormes This City is not Inferiour either in Dignity or number of Inhabitants to any of the Cities of Germany being Seated upon the Bâ—nks of the Rhine and fortifid as much as the Largeness and Situation of it would permit Duke Charles of Lorrain kept Garrison there and since the Loss of his Territories he had hardly any other Place of Retreat but that Turenne sent away the Foot his Canon and all other things necessary for his Design by Water Which done he march'd through the Palatinate with two thousand Horse and defeated six hundred Mâ—n which General Beck had sent to Frankendale The Inhabitants of Wormes also open'd their Gates and sent away the Lorrainers Thereupon Turenne continu'd his March toward Mayence and detach'd away Roze to take in Oppenheim a little City seated in a Pain ill fortifi'd but defended with a very good Castle Roze found no Resistance there and Turenne at the same time presented himself before Mayence and Lodging himself in the Subburbs sent a Trumpeâ— to those that commanded in the City with Offers of Honourable Conditions Mâ—yâ—nce is the Seat of an Archbishop who is one of the Electors and one of the Principal Cities of Germany besides that it is Large Populous and well Built considering that it lyes in a Country where good Architecture was never much known or practis'd The Situation renders it considerable being seated just opposite to the mouth of the Mein which washes one part of the Walls On the Land side it is defended by a Citadel with four Bastions But as it is usual in great Cities the Fortifications had been long neglected so that the Principal defence of the Town consisted in the number of Inhabitants not in the strength of the Ramparts At the lower end of the City upon the Bank of the Rhine stâ—nâ—s a Magnificent Câ—stle which is the Residence of the Elector In the time that this City was under the Power of the Swedes the King had caus'd a Fort of six Bastions call'd Gustawburgh to be built in that part where the two Rivers meet But the Imperialists having at length retaken Mayence the Fort was quitted by the Swedes and the Electors let it run to ruine When Vicount Turenne enter'd the Subburbs there was in thâ— Town an Imperial Garrison of eight Hundred Men Nevertheless the Elector not believing he could remain there in safety was retir'd to Hermestein so that the Chapter which has all the Authority of the Government in the Absence of the Arch-bishop caus'd all the Bodies of the City to meet together and after several Deliberations they resolv'd to send their Commissioners to the Duke of Enguien and to present the Keys of the Town to himself to make their Capitulation the more Honourable by the Quality of the Person that receiv'd ' em Turenne sent this Answer to the Duke who lay still with his Army near to Philipsburgh who thereupon departed with a Convoy of four Hundred Horse and came to Mayence in a day and a half And while both sides were drawing up the Articles of the Surrender Mercy lay posted upon the Hills between Hailbrun and Neckersulm leaving the Necker before him Hailbrume is not above fourteen Leagues from Philipsburgh and Mâ—rcy pretended from thence to put a stop to the Progress of the Duke To which purpose he detach'd Wolfs a famous Collonel among the Bavarians with two hunder'd Horse and five Hunder'd Drâ—goons to put himself into Mayence tho Wolfs could not get thither above a quarter of an hour before the Duke of Enguien So that the Trumpet which the Duke sent to give the City notice of his coming found Wolfs harangâ—ing the Townsmen and encouraging them to stand upon their own defence offering the Reinforcement which he had lefâ— on the other side of the Rhine as also the Assistance of the whole Bavarian Army which would follow him in a little time But the Inhabitants who knew the Duke was in their Subburbs stood to their Word which they had given to Turenne and after they had dismiss'd Wolfs out of the City sent their Deputies to the Duke to conclude their Treaty of Capitulation The Chapter also oblig'd themselves to send out the Garrison which they kept in Binghen a small City and to admit the French The Duke gave thâ— Government of Mayence to the Count of Courval and put a strong Garrison into the Town with all things necessary to repair the old Fortifications and make new ones Turenne likewise took Creussnack in his March and d' Aumont invested Landau with twelve hundred Foot and fifteen hundred Horse This is a City seated in a Plain four Leagues from Philipsburgh well Peopl'd and having a Rampart flank'd by two
prepar'd themselves for a stout Defence but they were constraiâ—d to give way to the Vigorous Onsets of the Besâ—egers and surrender'd upon Composition While Erlac made these lesser Progresses Turenne acted with Success against the Imperialists 'T is true that the Advantages which he won at the beginning of the Campaigne were attended with a sad Event for in regard he thought he had no reason to fear his being attack'd by those he had so vigorously driven before him and that he thought 'em a great way off he was all of a suddain assail'd by Mercy who was one of the most experienc'd most vigilant most piercing and most politick Captains that ever were Mercy then surprisâ—d Marshal Turenne near Mariendal where the Kingâ—s Quarters were and the Marshal was beaten before he could joyâ—n his Men. But certain it is that if Turenne committed a fault in suffering himself to be surpriz'd he made amends for it with as much Honour as it was possible For by that presence of Mind which made him find out Remedies in Conjunctures more difficult and more imminent Dangers he made a very Honourable Retreat still defending himself with a Heroick Bravery and Conduct till he got to the Passage of the Rhine and fighting rather like a Victor then Vanquishd But the loss which France sustaind by that Ill Success was more Advantageously repair'd by the D. of Enguien who was sent into Germany in Iune The Prince's Presence gave new Confidence to the French who were something terrifi'd and infus'dâ— into 'em that Courage that Boldness and Resolution as prepar'd 'em for the most difficult Undertakings and put 'em into the greatest Hopes So soon as he arriv'd he possess'd himself of several Places which gave a free Passage over the Rhine and made himself Master of Wimphen a little City seated upon the Necker And at this time it was that he fought the Battel of Norling according to the following Account The Loss which the French had sustain'd by the Battel of Mariendal was soon repair'd by the Duke of Enguien who was sent into Germany a little while after The Presence of the Young Prince who had won so many Victories not only enlivend the Courage of the French but so hotly alarum'd the Imperialists that at first they knew not what Course to take and the Prince made the best of the Terrâ—ur which he had struck into the Enemy Immediately he seiz'd upon the most considerable Places upon the Rhine and cast the Enemy into a perfect Consternation by the taking of Wimphen and Roâ—tambuâ—gh But in regard he design'd a Nobler Expeditionâ— to make himself Master of Heilbrun he thought it behov'd him to do all he could to weaken the Bavarian Army which would â—e still opposing his Enterprises So that without consulting any farther after he had prepard every thing ready he fell upon the Enemy who lay Encamp'd upâ—n several Hillocks between Wending and Norling Marshal Grammont commanded the Right Wing where was the French Cavalry with Arnaut Camp-Master General of the Carbines Turenne leâ— the Left Wing where was all the German Cavalry Beltenâ—ve Marsin and the Marquiss of Castelâ—aâ— commanded the Foot between the Wings Major General Geis and â—câ—in commanded the Second Line compos'd of two Regiments of Turenne's six of Foot and twelve of Horse that were all Hessians which were reunited with the Dukes And the Body of the Reserve was commanded by Chabot The Bavarians who as I have already said were Posted upon several rising Grounds no sooner perceiv'd the Approach of the D's Army but they placed themselves very advantageously under a Mountain for on the one side they had a Village that stood in the Plain and on the other a Castle where they had already put their Canon and some Infantry Now in regard that from the Village to the Mountain there was an easie Ascent for an Army embattell'd the Duke had a Design in the first place to make himself Master of that Post as soon as an opportunity should present it self Nevertheless the Enterprise was not so easie for there was a necessity of passing between the three Flanks of the Mountain the Castle and the Village which he design'd to take But being resolv'd upon it whatsoever Risco he ran he undertook to make an Onset with the Infanâ—ry only to the end that as he drave the Enemy from the Place he had an Eye upon the two Wings which march'd towards their Cavalry might receive no Annoyance from the Bavarians but that on the other side they might advance under the Favour of their own Men's Firing There was also another Inconvenience which was to be remedy'd for there was a necessity of assayâ—ing the Village in Flank and it was to be fear'd leaâ—t the Men who made the Onset should be beaâ—en by those that stood at the top of the Mountain of the Bavarians so that they push'd forward into the Plain and were going to fall upon the French Baggage when a German Regiment not only 〈◊〉 'em but gaveâ— em chase The French also were in a kind of Disorder iâ—somuch that 't was greatly to be fear'd tâ—ey 〈◊〉 loose the Victory The Right Wing was uâ—terâ—y broken in regard they had made no Resâ—stâ—â—â— being vanquish'd almost without striking a 〈◊〉 But Turenne with the first Line of the Lâ—ft Winâ— which he commanded broke into the â—irst â—iâ—e of the Enemies Right Wing tho much more nâ—â—erous then his which had been extremely 〈◊〉 by the continual firing of the Bavâ—riâ—n Inâ—anâ—ry and by that means he made amends in some sort â—or the Cowardice of the French Souldiers The sâ—coâ—â— Line of the Enemies put themselves at the saâ—â— Instant in a Condition to second their â—irâ—t aâ—â— chargd some Squadrons in the Flank but aâ—â—â—his nothing terrifid Turenne In the mean time 〈◊〉 Enemies began to make their best of some little Advantage which they might have had if Tureâ—ne hâ—d been left to himself But the Duke having spyd him in that Condition advanc'd all of a suddain with his second Line and having rally'd the â—irst with all the speed imaginable He and Turenne charg'd the Enâ—my both at the same time and having broken soâ—e of their Squadrons put all their Troops in Disordeâ—â— Here the Duke having perform'd all the Dâ—ties of a private Souldier as well as of a great Captainâ— was shot in the Elbow with a Pistol Bâ—llet which however did not hinder him from actâ—ng It may be said that till then there had been only some slight Skirmishes tho there had already beeâ— a great deal of Blood spilt and a great many Oâ—â—icers of Note Slain on both Sides But because they found it necessary to come to a General Battelâ— the Bavarians having brought down their Body of Reserve and the Troops which had broken the Right Wing that Turenne seconded the Duke order'd the Heâ—sians to advance together with his own Infantry and Cavalry and march'd himself at the Head of 'em â—â—ainst the Enemy The
Anger of his Father and that Chamber is still adorn'd with the Arms of France and Burgundy The Country about Furnes is pleasant in Summer chiefly that which extends to the East and South by reason of the Meadows and Woods but the Mershes render it very noysome at other Seasons 'T is true that this Inconvenience is amply recompenc'd by the fertility of the Pasturages which is the reason that in several places they neglect all the care of good Husbandry and by the great number of Canals which are infinitely advantageous for Trade Nevertheless there is good store of Plough'd Land which bears plenty of Corn and in a word the Riches of these Parts is such that Charles the V. was wont to say That if the rest of Flanders were but like that corner of the World it would be more worth then the Indies The Foundation of it is very ancient for we find in the year 958. Baldwin Count of Flanders fortifi'd it with out-works of Earth against the Invasions of the Normans After that notwithstanding it â—ad been several times ruin'd by Fire by Domesticâ— Seditions Civil Wars and the funy of the French Arms â—nder Robert of Arraâ— and Philip de 〈◊〉 yet still it has recover'd it self after so many Disasters and was then in a flourishing condition when the French took it So that besides the necessity the French had of it in order to their design upon Dâ—nkirk they had reason to preserve it for the sake of it self So that the Prince after he had consider'd the Situation and the nature of the Place resolv'd to environ it with several Half-Moons a Hornwork and a Counterscarp having no other defence at that time then a Wall flankd with Towers and a Moat full of Water To this purpose he distributed the Foot into those places where he intended to break Ground divided and appointed the Quarters of the Regiments orderd a Camp-Master to every Quarter to take care of the Work settl'd the Hours of Rest nam'd the Bodies which were to relieve one another and methodizd all things with so much equality that there might always be a good number of Souldiers at work all day long In the mean time the Cavalry were order'd to cut Wood and every Troop brought Piles to make Palisadoes and Stakes for the Use of the Fortifications He had also before this commanded the Magistrates of Furnes to order the Peasants through the whole extent of their Jurisdiction to gather Foâ—age and bring it into the City He sent for Boats from all parts to facilitate the Transportation of it and appointed an Officer to receive it as they hundled it up and store it up in the Magazines Never was seen so much Diligence and so much Order both at the same time The Fortifications were rais'd the City furnish'd with Provisions the Cavalry Infantry Burgesses Peasants Sea-men every Body quick and without Confusion in the performance of what was enjoin'd ' em All this while the Prince was every where giving Directions and shewing that he had a perfect Understanding of Military Oeconomy Which to me seemd so much the more worthy of Applause because Valour is common to the meanest private Souldier whereas Fore-sight and Knowledge in the Art of War are the distinguishing Qualities of Great Men. So that it appear'd in a short time how much the Prâ—sence and Ability of a General puts all things in forwardness For in the space of 14 days the Fortifications were fiâ—ishd and the Magazines well filld Now these great Preparations not being unknown to the Spaniards for the Flemmings spurr'd on with that Affâ—ction which People reserve a little while for the Masters they have lost gave them continual Intelligence they readily câ—njecturd that the French had a design to attack Dunkirk Caracena who lay nearest to the French was the first who dispatch'd away advice of it to Castle Rodrigo Governour of the Low Countries at Brussels He sent him Information of what he learnt day by day and by redoubld Couriers deâ—ir'd his Counsel and Assistance in a Matter of so high Importance as this The chief Commanders of the Flemmish Armies after they had shar'd among 'em the defence of these Countries were at that time seaprated in Posts remote from one another Their Generalissimâ— Charles of Lorrain was drinking Waters at the Spaw and his Men lay quarterd upon the Frontiers of Holland as was also Beck with his Body of Flemmings and Walloons Picolomini with the principâ—l strength of the Country was encampâ—d upon the Scheldt near Dendermonde Curacena lay at Newport commanding the Royal Army of Spaniards and Italians as also the Germans and the Liedigeois which the Emperour had sent at the beginning of the Campaigne while Lamboy General of those Forces constrain'd by Sickness to quit the Service for some time was gone for the Recovery of his Health to one of his Houses in the County of Liege This Disposal of the Spanish Forces seem'd absolutely necessary to Castiâ—rodridgo for the security of the Provinces which he govern'd and upon the sole conjecture of Appearances usually false frequently fraudulent he durst not disfurnish those Places which they possess'd for fear of exposing 'em to the Armies of the French or Hollanders But tho there were not so much reason to be afraid of the Hollanders for that they carry'd on the War more remissly since their Plenipotentiaries had begun a Negotiation of a Truce with the K. of Spain in the Assembly at Munster where the Ministers of the Christian Princes met to settle Peace over Europe yet it was plain that tho both the Armies of Flanders should have joyn'd there was no likelyhood they would come to encamp near Dunkirk so long as the French lay at Furnes for that being depriv'd both by Sea and Land of all Communication with Newport it would have been their visible ruine and to have been expos'd an easie Prey to the French all Flanders being depriv'd of their Veterane Bands which till then had hinder'd 'em from hastning their Destruction Thus Castelrodridge being â—â—opt by these Considerations and the slow manner of acting customary to that Nation who wait upon time which they often loose in hopes that either the Season or the Places would either hinder or ruine the French deemd it suâ—ficient to keep in a Readiness what he thought necessary for the Relief of Dunkirk when the Town should be Besieg'd To the end therefore that nothing might be omitted which he thought might be serviceable to him in this important necessity he resolv'd to try whither he could excite the Parliament of England against the French in regard they seem'd to look upon it as their Interest not to let Dunkirk fall into their Hands To this purpose after he had imparted his Resolutions to the Generals he dispatch'd an Express to the Spanish Ambassadour at London to the end he might be inform'd of his Designs and make use of his Credit which was very great with the Republicans at that
high that the rising of the Hills does not hinder it from being seen out at Sea and from the Platform at the top you may discover in a serene day the Mouâ—tains of Dover and the Coast of Englanâ— â— At first Dunkirk was only a poor Hamlet compos'd of Fishermens Hutts erected for the conveniency of the Haven Afterwards Antiquity and Carelessness having spoil'd the Harbour of Mardike famous at that time it became considerable by the Ruine of that Port. Baldwin Count of Flanders Sirnamd the Young made a City of it in the Year nine hundred four score and sixteen Afterwards it was peopled by the Favour of Philip of Vermandois who endowing it with several Immunities drew great numbers of Inhabitants to it It would require a particular History to relate how often it has changd Masters how often it fell in Partition to Robert de Cassel how it past to Robert de Barr â— who by the Marriage of his Daughter he fix'd it into the Family of St. Pol how it fell afterwards to the Families of Vendosm and Bourbon afterwards under the Dominion of the Spaniards It would be also no less Delightful to understand the various Misfortunes it has undergone how the English burnt it in the Year 1388. how it was surpriz'd by the French a long time after under the Marshal Termes what are the Priviledges of the Lords of it what are the Laws it is govern'd by what is the Trade which it drives what is the Supream Marine Council which is there settl'd what is their Herring-fishing and the great vâ—nt they have for that Commodity and what the Priviledges wherewith the Emperor Charles the V. endowd â—em But in regard our Design is only to write the Siege of this place without intending any other Divertisement for the Reader we shall only give an account of the State of the City at the time when the Prince's Army sate down before it 〈…〉 divided into two Cities the old and 〈…〉 The old is seated upon the Sea-shore en 〈…〉 hick Wall after the ancient man 〈…〉 a great many large Towers sup 〈…〉 a spâ—cious Rampart accompany'd with 〈…〉 with Brick above 26 foot wide and 〈…〉 Colme Water which swells in that 〈…〉 Tides are higher or lower On Mardike 〈…〉 Sea runs up into the Land and extending 〈…〉 the Wall of the old City forms a Ha 〈…〉 to contain 200 great Ships however 〈…〉 it is very narrow and dangerous by 〈◊〉 of the Shelves and Sands that lye full in the 〈…〉 it Within the Canal which is no less 〈◊〉 then the Haven above a hundred Vessels may â—ide 〈◊〉 safety Out of this Haven sayl'd the 〈…〉 blockd up the mouths of our Rivers and were â—â—câ—me so formidable upon all the Westeâ—◠〈…〉 France Antiquity never knew Men 〈…〉 pon the Sea then the Dunkirkers And indeed iâ— iâ—â— thing hardly to be believ'd that this Câ—â—y aloâ—e should have almost spoil'd the Trade of 〈…〉 potent Kingdoms of Europe and 〈…〉 Dâ—tch Fleets that Sail to the New World ◠〈…〉 from the Spaniards whole Provinces 〈…〉 were not our Merchants Losses as Fa 〈…〉 Scandalous Testimony of their Fury and â—alour Oâ— that side next to France from the 〈…〉 against the Walls of the old City the Hâ—veâ— is defended by the Fort de Leon built upon the 〈◊〉 and by consequence ill flank'd by reaso◠〈◊〉 the Inconvenience of the Place otherwise small but strongly Pallisadâ—'d and furnish'd with a 〈◊〉 of great Canon On the other side of the Haven rises â— Causey which running 5 or 600 Paces 〈◊〉 the Sea covers it on Flanders side and juts upon a small wooden Fort planted with some Canon The new City joyns to Fort Leon and enclosing the rest of the Harbour afterwards enlarges and extends it self about the Old one beyond the way that leads to Newport It is environ'd with an enclosure of 12 Bastions of Earth with a Moat full of Water and a Counterscarp and two Hornworks fill up the whole space that remains between the hind most Bastion and the Causey that shoots into the Sea Toward the South three large Canals run out of Dunkirk and afford the advantage and convenience of transporting in their Beelands these Commodities which they vend up and down the Country These Canals fall into the Haven and serve either to cleanse it or to drown the Parts adjoyning to the City as they pull up or let down their Sluces The first leads to Bergâ—â—n the second to Honsâ—otte the third to Furnâ—s Newport and then to Brugeâ— The Magistrates having begun this latter in the year 1640. and having finish'd it the next year gave it the name of the New River the other two are very Ancient Dunkirk was guarded within with two thousand six hundred Foot in a 11 Regiments and without by the Armies of Caracena and Lamboy In those Regiments the number of Officers equall'd almost that of the Souldiers There were also in the Town 300 Horse and 2000 Seamen accustom'd to Sea Fights the fury of which makes 'em contemn all other dangers the Fortifications were well provided with Artillery and as we have said already there was nothing wanting in the City that might serve for the defence of it So soon as the Army came before the City the Prince assign'd the Quarters and resolv'd to dispose of his Men in such a manner that if the Enemy should attempt to raise the Siege they could not be able either to succour the Town nor force his Camp On the East side of him there was a space of Ground which separates the New River from the Sea This space of Ground is cover'd in part with unequal Hills or Downs both in regard of their Situaâ—ion and Heighth and perfectly extends it self into a Plain which is water'd by the New River and then runs on as far as the Canal of Honscotte From this Canal going to Mardike there are two Mershes which are cut out of the Canal of Berguin and some other Rivers To the West you meet with a Plain opposite to the former other Downs and then the Sea Shoar These laâ—ter Places seem'd sufficiently defended by the Canals and the Mershes which made the Access very difficult to those that were not Masters of 'em as also by the Neighbourhood of Mardike and Berguen which secur'd â—em The greatest danger was toward the East for that the Enemy setting fâ—rward from Newport which is but â—5 Miles from Dunkirk might come to the Camp in a few Hours without any Molestation which obligâ—d the Prince to make sure of that place To which purpose he caus'd Gassion to encamp with his Brigade from the Sea Shore to the middle of the Downsâ— the rest he took up himself and all the Plain as far as the New River There he lodg'd the Men which he himself lead and that he might wholly fill up the Place that remain'd void along thâ— Caâ—al of Furnes he joyn'd to his own Men ten Companies of French Gendarmes and
incens'd Lasâ—ly one of the principal Causes of the Cardinalâ—s Disgâ—st against the Prince and which inspir'd hâ—m wiâ—h a Design to ruin him was the constant oppoâ—â—â—ion of the Prince to the raising of the Cardinal 's Fiâ—â—ly which I shall thus make out Some time before the Troubles Mazarine desirous to support his Fortune in France by considerable Alliances had cast his eyes upon the Duke of Merâ—eur as a â—it person to Marry his Niece Mancini and to confer upon him at the same time the Employment of Lord High Admiral This Project was interrupted by the War and reassâ—m'd some time after the Peace when the Court was at Compiegne and where there was nothing talk'd of but Festivals and Rejoicings The Queen spoke of it to the Prince who durst not oppose itâ— whether he slighted the business or did not foresee the Consequences of it or raâ—her because he was afraid of the Noise it would make should he gain-say it However it were notwithstanding his silence at that time he afterwards most vehemently oppos'd it and never minded observing any Decorum with the Cardinal For he spar'd no manner of Raillery or nipping Inâ—ectives against his Person This cut the Cardinal to the heart and did not a little trouble the Queen But that which absolutely render'd the Prince suspected at Courtâ— was his obstructing another Match which the Cardinal was eager to make between one of his Nieces and the Duke of Candale at what time Guienne was in Arms through the Misunderstanding between the D. of Esâ—ernon his Father and the Parliament of Bourdeaux which had join'd as also had that of Provâ—nce with the Parliament of Paris against Mazarine Foâ— the Prince foreseeing that the Maâ—ch could not be made without assuring the Government of Guyen to Candale whom the Parliament and People would be sure to expel he made use of the Affection of the Bourdelois to hinder the Marriage and openly declar'd for 'em in the Council that he might encourage 'em the more to demand another Governor The Prince's so openly declaring for the Parliament and Revolters of Guyenne put it positively beyond all doubt that he held a Correspondence with 'em and consequently that he was in Confederacy with all the Factions And that which augmented the Confusion and Jealousie of the Court was the Demand which Guyenne made to have the Prince to be Governor of that Province instead of the Duke of Espernon But new Troubles arose at Paris occasion'd by the â—â—â—ts of the Town-House which caus'd the Prince to shew his Zeal in a more violent manner then ever for the Support of the King's Authority and a second time to contemn all the Solicitations and Applications of the Slingers which somewhat reâ—â—x'd him at Court and caus'd 'em to alter or at least suspend the Resolutions they had taken against his Person But while he thus became serviceable to the Crown he was always careful not to suffer the Cardinal to have any Command over him To which purpose he diligently set himself to destroy whatever might be 〈…〉 to his Elevation So that understanding that the Cardinal had a design to marry one of his Nieces with the Duke of Richlieu he continually 〈◊〉 that Match as he had disappointed the rest and engaged the young Lord to marry the Marquess 〈…〉 's Widow and carry'd 'em in his own Coach to 〈◊〉 a House belonging to the Duke of Longueâ—â—â—â— where they were marry'd This Action render'd him more suspected at Court then if he had attempted any thing against the King's Authority And the Cardinal and his Adherents 〈◊〉 insinuated that he had procur'd that Match only to magnifie his own Reputation and to draw the D. of Richlieu to his Party because he was 〈…〉 of Havre and they took an occasion from thence to hast'n his Imprisonment But before we come to the Prince's being imprison'd 〈◊〉 will be material to give an account of certain important Passages which happen'd after the Peace This Peace not having been publish'd the Court did not deem it convenient for the Welfare of the State as well in reference to Affairs at Home as Abroad that the King should return immediately to his Capital City For the Ministers did not think it safe to envelop themselves among an enrag'd Populacy whom they had so lately besieg'd and in regard the Campaign drew near 't was a plausible pretence for taking a Progress towards the Frontiers upon some considerable Employment Moreover they were in hopes that time would calm their minds and bury the Remembrance of things past As for the Prince he thought it was for his Interest and his Honour to shew himself to a people that had so often loaded him with Imprecations For which reason he went to Paris and shew'd himself alone in his Coach which drew upon him the Respect and Fear of the people but abated their Resentments The greatest part of the Parliament and the principal of the Frondeurs Party made him Visits for five or six days together after which he return'd to Court where the Cardinal 's great Joy that he had open'd the way to Paris was allay'd by his Jealousie of the smallest Actions of that great Prince whose Valour had drawn upon him the Awe and Veneration of those very persons whom his Courage had offended Upon his arrival the Cardinal desirous to remove so dangerous a Competitor propos'd to him the Command of the Army in Flanders But the Prince refus'd to accept it whether it were that he saw the Cardinal's Aim and Intention through the Proposal and that he took delight to mortifie him or that it was more grateful to him to rule the Cabinet 'T is true that he had a design to have gone to his Government of Burgundy with an intention to pacifie the Troubles of Guyen and Provence that were in Arms through the Misunderstandings between the Governors and the Parliaments But the Cardinal and the Abbot de lâ— Bâ—viere had frustrated his Intermediation to whose Authority the persons concern'd had referr'd 〈◊〉 differences for they were afraid lest his Umâ—â—â—â—ge should augment his Reputation and his Power However he would not give over the Journey and whâ—n he departed from Compeigne the Cardinal took his Leâ—ve of him with a strong Guard as if he durst not trust his Life with the person who had so often ventur'd his own Life for his preservation At parting the Prince desir'd the Commander de Souvie Le Tellâ—â— and other the Cardinal's Confidents and charged Marhille his Domestick Servant to tell him That he could be none of his Friends if he thought of marrying his Niece to the Duke of Mercoeur All this while the Court had a powerful Army on Foot commanded by Count d' Hareourt who had Orders to sit down before Cambray For the Cardinal was in hope to refix himself in his Ancient Splendor by such a glorious Conquest as that with which he â—â—ckl'd his Fancy so much the more because the Duke had no
that the Duke of Espernon came to fall upon 'em in their Quarters at what time Bouillon and Rochefoucault were return'd to Bourdeaux leaving Chambon to Command the Forces in their Absence which were much inferior to Espernon's Nevertheless tho' they could not defend the Entrance into their Quarters the Marshes and Canals which environ'd one part of 'em gave 'em the opportunity without being broken to save both their Men and their Baggage Upon the noise of this Combat Bouillon and Rochefoucault set forward out of Bourdeaux with a good number of the Citizens and having joyn'd their own men advanc'd toward Espernon with a resolution to Fight him but the same Canal already mentioned prevented their coming to blows Only some skirmishes happen'd wherein Espernon lost a great many Officers and Soldiers of the Bourdelois very few were kill'd and Mr. Guitault the Prince of Conde's Chamberlain was Wounded After which time Meilleray and Espernon being join'd kept Bourdeaux block'd up tho at some distance and they retook the Island of St. George about four Leagues above the City in the Garon where the two Dukes had begun some Fortifications It had been defended for two or three Days with vigour enough because they got in a fresh Regiment every day and Valette being there Wounded dy'd of his Wounds within a few days But at length the Boat that brought 'em Reliefs and carry'd back those that were reliev'd being sunk by a Battery which Meilleray had rais'd upon the Rivers side it struck such a Terrour as well into the Officers as Soldiers that they surrender'd all Prisoners of War So that the Bourdelois lost the Island and Twelve hunder'd of their best men at one time This ill success and the Arrival of the King at Liburn who also caus'd the Castle of Vaire to be attack'd lying about two Leagues from Paris caus'd a great consternation in the City Upon this the Parliament and the Citizens perceiving the City ready to be Besieg'd by the King and finding themselves in want of all things necessary for their Defence and no Succors coming from Spain made a Decree to desire a Peace upon what conditions the King pleas'd to impose upon 'em at what time News was brought 'em that Vaire was tak'n and that the Governor named Richon who surrender'd at discretion was Hang'd This severity by which the Cardinal thought to have stricken a terror and discord among the Bourdelois wrought a quite contrary effect Bouillon and Rochefoucault understood so well to make their best advantage of it that by this means he resettl'd the minds of those that waver'd and were astonishd before causing the Governor of the Island of St. George who surrender'd at Dicretion to be Hang'd And to the end that the Parliament and People might be concern'd with the Generals which was no less requisite then bold and daring they caus'd the Commander to be Try'd by a Council of War where the Princess and the Duke of Enguien Presided and which was compos'd not only of the Military Officers but of two Commissioners from the Parliament and Thirty six Captains of the City Who all unanimously Condemn'd the poor Commander who was a Gentleman and guilty of no other Crime then of being Unfortunate The People also who were enrag'd above measure would hardly give him time to be Executed but would have torn him Limb from Limb and cut him to Peices This Action astonishd the Court gave new vigour to the Bourdelois and made such an alteration in the City that they resolv'd to abide a Siege and to defend themselves Couragiously the Citizens relying upon their own strength and the Promises of the Spaniards who put 'em in hopes of a powerful and speedy Succor In the mean while they hasten'd the Raising of a Fort of Four Bastions at Bastide which lyes over-against Bourdeaux on the other side of the River They also carry'd on with great heat and diligence the other Fortifications of the City But in regard that several of the Citizens had Houses in the Suburbs of St. Surin they would not permit 'em to be burnt or pull'd down tho it were made out That that Suburb would be the first that would be attack'd and that it was large enough to lodge all the King's Infantry All they could obtain was only to intercept the Avenues and to lay the Houses open For it was impossible to defend so large a place as that with only the Inhabitants and a few men that did not amount to above Seven or eight hundred Foot and three hundred Horse Nevertheless the Place requir'd a numerous Guard the access being open to it on every side and the City Gate which was next it in a very bad condition having nothing to defend it and for that the Enemy might approach it under Covert So that they could have wish'd they could have â—â—cur'd that Gate with a Half Moon but in regard they wanted every thing that was necessary they made riâ—e of a small Muckhill that lay before the Gate and which being cut sloping like a Half Moon without Parapet or Moat was one of the greatest defences of â—he City The King stâ—ying at Bourg Mazarin camâ— to the Royal Camp which consisted of about 8000 Foot and Three thousand Horse And it was resolv'd that the Suburb of St. Surin should be attack'd which was a work so much the more easie for that having the Avenues only Guarded the Houses might be gain'd without any danger by which means they might enter into the City cut off those that defended the Barricado's and the Church and prevent their retreat into the City Moreover they thought that because the Half-Moon was not tenable they might lodge themselves betimes at the Gate of Dijos Meilleray therefore caus'd the Houses and Barricado's to be attack'd both at the same time and Pallâ—au had Orders to enter through the Palais Galien and to slip between the Suburbs and the City directly to the Half-Moon But Meilleray falling on before Palluau arriv'd he found hotter work then he expected For the Skirmish began so soon as the King's Troops approach'd and the Citizens had plac'd their small shot in the Hedges and Vineyards which cover'd the Suburbs which put a stop to the King's men with great loss of the Assaylantsâ— Bouillon was in St. Surin's Church yard with what Citizens he could get out along with him to relieve the Posts and Rochefoucault was at the Barricade where the King's men made their Principal Attack and carry'd it Both sides fir'd with extream fury so that of the Citizens abouâ— sixscore were slain and about seven or eight hundred on the King's side Nevertheless the Suburb was taken Afâ—â—â— which they resolv'd to open their Trenches 〈…〉 the Half-Moon and to make an Attack througâ— the Wâ—lks belonging to the Archbishoprick 〈◊〉 in â—egard the Halâ—-Moon had no Moat the Citiâ—â—â—â— woâ—ld not undertake to guard it but contented thâ—â—selâ—es â—ith shooting from behind their Walls The Besiegers therefore attack'd
bore his Naâ—â— or to the 〈◊〉 of thosâ— that had wound themselves into hiâ— favoâ—â— to obtain diâ—â—â—dgments that several have been câ—â—strain'd to quâ—â— their Habitations and retire into the Countries round about adjoining With what woâ—ds 〈◊〉 we seâ— forth the Affair of Hâ—â—re and the 〈◊〉 ways which he made use of to make himself 〈◊〉 of that Place one of the most Impoâ—â—ant in the Kâ—ngdom for the sâ—itâ—ation of it and without contrâ—dâ—â—tiâ—â— the best for the strength of it After he 〈…〉 use of several Artificeâ— to seduce the Youth 〈…〉 Cousin the Duke of Richliâ—â— on purpose to 〈◊〉 him marâ—y clâ—ndestinly a Woman who for mâ—â—â—â—â—spects is â—ntirely at his devotion not contented 〈◊〉 â—ensibly offended us by promoting together with the Prince of Conti and the Dutchess of Lâ—ngâ—evâ—llâ— hiâ— Sister the Match of a Duke and Peer prefâ—â—â—'d 〈◊〉 one of the Principal Offices of State withoâ—◠〈◊〉 Knowledge and Permission and authorising 〈…〉 presence a Contract prohibited by the Laws oâ—â—he Kingdom as if it had not been enough by this uâ—â—â—wful means to have made himself master of the pâ—â—son of a Young Man he caus'd him to depart upon his Wedding-night gave him for his Counsellor and Conductor the person of all his Creatures that ha◠〈◊〉 employ'd to debaush him and made him throw â—â—mself with all speed into Haâ—re to the end he might make himself Master of that Place which being seated at the Mouth of the Seine might afford him the means to master Rouen and Paris and keep under his subjection all the Trade of those two Cities enable him to admit Foreign Assistance and introduce their Forces into the Kingdom whenever for his particular Ends he had a desire to trouble the States And for that he judg'd it convenient at the same time that there should be a good number of Couriers dispatch'd toward the said Duke of Richlieu to let him understand Our Interest and his own at that Conjuncture he dispatch'd several at the same instant to sâ—op others upon the Road thereby violating to the highest degree imaginable the Respect Fidelity and Obedience which he owes us After which more desperately daring the Queen having sent her self a Person expresly to carry her Orders to St. Maure the Governor of Haâ—re upon an Accident of so high Consequence and to let him understand how much he was oblig'd to preserve the Place without suffering any change the Prince was no sooner advertis'd of it but he dispatch'd away another Courier and commanded that if any person should come thither with Orders from the Queen they should throw him into the Sea with a stone about his neck and this with so much presumption so much scorn of Our Authority that he is the first who could ever boast of iâ— Lastly that he might wholly by divers ways deprive us of the disposal of that Place he sent away in all haste the Lady her self who had so lately been beholding to him for her Match furnish'd her with Money to enable her more and more to gain upon the Affection of the Young Duke and conveys by other means still more Money for the payment of the Garison thereby to gain the good-will of the Officers and Soldiers And that he might have moreover other People more at his devotion and well known to him he order'd the Lady to be guarded by a good number 〈…〉 who put themselves into the Place giving 〈◊〉 thaâ— there was a Design laid to seize her upon the 〈◊〉 So many Attempts upon the Royal Power of â—hich this last alone of Havre deserves a most rigâ—â—â—â—â— punishment has not left us any reason to â—â—ubt of the pernicious Designs of Our said Cousin 〈…〉 then of his boldness to put 'em in execution 〈◊〉 we not in time apply'd a Remedy proportionable to â—he violence of the Distemper However To the â—â—d you may be likewise inform'd of the new ways whâ—ch 〈◊〉 study'd to push on his Design and of the worâ— which he had cut out for us and which we have prevented by his detention we shall tell you 〈◊〉 was under deep Consultation in the last place He â—reâ—ted with the Ambassador of Mantua for the purchase of the Town and Principality of 〈◊〉 not only without Our Leave but câ—â—â—â—ary also to what we had expresly always refus'd him to meddle with And because we had warily 〈◊〉 some difficulties about the Price the Sieur 〈◊〉 â—â—clar'd a little while since to the said Embassadoâ— Thâ—â— his Master would within a few days send away a Person expresly to Mantua to conclude the â—usineâ—â— with the Duke himself Upon some obstructâ—â—â— that â—ose about the Enjoyment of Clermonâ— and the dâ—mesnes adjoining tho easie to have been sâ—â—mâ—â—nâ—ed as appears since he was already given 〈◊〉 understand that if he were disturb'd in his posâ—â—ssion there 't was but just that Sedan should be given hâ—m and all the Demesnes belonging to it which we had given our Cousin the Duke of Bouilâ—on uâ—on the payment of many Millions upon which some of his Creatures presently set a foot a Negotiation with the Siâ—ur d' Aiguebere for the purchase of the Goâ—eâ—nment of Mount Olympus which he made account to pay with his own Mony that so the Governâ—â—â—â— might fall in the hands of some of his own Freinds to the end there might be no place in Bâ—rgundy but what should he at his Command except Câ—alâ—ns He pressed us to purchase of the Sieure d' Pressis Bezanson â— at our own charges the Governmenâ—â— of the City aâ—d Citâ—adel of the City of Autune for one of his Creatures He had also redoubl'd his extraordinary diligence but a little beforeâ— to marry the Marquiss de la Moussaye with the Daughter of the Sieur d' Erlack Governour of Brissaâ— to the end he might have that important Place also at his Devotion although as well in that as in all other things we have reason to commend the Conduct and Fidelity of the said Sieur d' Erlack We have been also inform'd from other parts that he set a foot some other matches by that means to bring under his devotion the Principal Officers of the Kingdom and the greatest number of the most considerable strong Holds He had sent for up to Court notwithstanding all his Infirmities our Cousin the Marshal of Breze â— to the end they might joyn together to demand the Employment of Chief and Superintendent of Metz to the which though neither the one not the other could have the least imaginary shadow of any Claim yet the said Prince had been already twice paid and the said Marshal had been gratify'd upon that consideration after his Son's death with 30000 Livres chargd upon the Rights of Ancorage which are the clearest and most ready Mony belonging to that Employment And moreover though the Marshal had some Months before got by our favour and permission a hunder'd and ten thousand Crowns for his Resignation of the Government of Anjou and â—haâ— all the
the Government of Stenay which was vacant by the Death of la Moussaie So that this Action of Marsin may bear two very different Construâ—tions Those who will consider him abandoning â— Province the King had entrusted him with will find him very disloyal and those who will look upon him running after most pressing and almost indispensible Obligations will believe him a very worthy Gentleman Few Persons of sense will dare to say that he is Guilty or declare him Innocent In fine both those that are against him and those that favour him will agree in pitying of him the one for a Fault he was necessitated to commit the others for having acquitted himself of what he ow'd by a fault The Court was at that time at Poitiers as I have said and Monsieur de Chateauneuf possess'd in appearance the first Place in Affairs altho' the Cardinal still possess'd it in Effect Nevertheless this Old Man's firm decisive familiar way of proceeding directly opposite to the Cardinal 's began to give a relish to his Ministry and even began to please the Queen The Cardinal was too well inform'd thereof to suffer him to gain any more ground and it is very probable that he judg'd his return absolutely necessary to remedy the Evil he dreaded in his own particular since otherwise he little consulted the Interest of the State in so much that thereby he afforded the Duke of Orleance and the Parliament of Paris a Pretence to declare against the Court. The Marshal d' Hoquincourt was order'd to receive Cardinal Mazarin upon the Frontiers Luxemburg with 2000 Horse and to attend 〈◊〉 where the King should be He cross'd the Kinâ—â—dom without the least molestation and arriv'd Poitiers as much Master of the Court as he had 〈◊〉 been They affected to give Monsieur de Chaâ—eaâ—neuf little share in this Return but still withoâ—â— altering any thing in the rest as to the exâ—eâ—iouâ— oâ— giving him the least mark of disfavour Thâ— Cardinal himself made some advances to him buâ— he being unwilling to expose himself and conâ—â—â—dering that it was neither safe nor honourable foâ— a Man of his Age and Experience to continue 〈◊〉 the management of Affairs under his Enemy anâ— that he should undoubtedly continually be expos'â— to whatever Mortifications he should be pleas'd tâ— impose upon him he took this Pretence to retire that whereas by his Advice it had been resolv'â— that the King should remove to Angouléme thaâ— Design was alter'd without having communicated it to him and at the same time the Siege of Anâ—gers resolv'd upon contrary to his Sentiments Iâ— so much that having taken his Leave of the King he retir'd to Tours The Court departed soon after to go to Anger 's where the Duke de la Rochefoucault had made the People rise and that Province had declar'd it self for the Prince at the very time that the Duke of Orleance and the Paâ—liament of Paris joyn'd with him against the Court. All France seem'd in suspence in expectation of the Event of that Siege which might have produc'd great Consequences had the Defence of it prov'd long enough or vigorous enough to stop the King For besides that the Prince thereby might have secur'd the best Places and best Neighbouring Provinces it is most certain that the Example of the Duke of Orleance and of the Parliament of Paris would have been follow'd by the most considerable part of the Kingdom In effect had the Court been forc'd to raise that Siege it would have been reduc'd to great Extreams and the King's Person had been expos'd to great dangersâ— had it happen'd at the time the Duke of Nemours entred France with the Army from Flanders and the Prince's Old Troops without meeting any Resistance This Army pass'd the River Seine at Mâ—nte where the Duke of Beaufort who commanded the Duke of Orleance's Forces joyn'd the said Duke of Nemours and together march'd with an Army of 7000 Foot and 3000 Horse towards the River Loire where they were certain of Blois and Orleance But whether Anger 's were not in a Condition to hold out a Siege by the Division of the Inhabitants or whether the Duke de Rohan was unwilling to venture his Life and Fortune in confiding in People that seem'd wavering and astonish'd he deliver'd up the place to the King without much Resistance and was allow'd to retire to the Duke of Orleance at Paris Things were in this condition when the Prince remov'd from La Bergerie where he had remain'd three Weeks without Count d' Harcourt's who was on the other side of the River at Tonay Charante and Master of the Bridge of Boats having undertaken any thing against him Nevertheless as the Number and Goodness of his Forces was very much inferiour to the King's Army he avoided the occasions of being constrain'd to so unequal a Combat To that end he march'd to la Bernette three Leagues distant from the King's Army in order to have more time to consider in case they should march up to him He remain'd there some time without any considerable Action on either side But finding that far from making any Progress in that Country he was not able to remain there in sight of Count d' Harcourt he turn'd all his thoughts to the preservation of Guienne and to Fortifie the Cities that were in his Party To that end he resolvd to march thither with his Army and believ'd himself capable to maintain Saintonge for some time in leaving on the one side the Count du Doignon in the Garrisons the Spaniards at Talmont and the Prince of Tarente in Saintes and Taillebourg to hasten their Fortifications Having thus given his Orders he caus'd his Infantry and his Baggage to march to Talmont in order to be Transported by Sea to Bourdeaux and after a long march with his Cavalry the first day he stopt the second at St. Andras within four Leagues of Bourdeaux believing himself without the Enemy's reach But Count d' Harcourt who had follow'd him close arriv'd within sight of his Quarter when he least suspected it and would certainly have forc'd it had his foremost Troops entred it without hesitation whereas they plac'd themselves in Battalia over against St. Andras whilst the others attack'd the Quarter of Baltazar who repuls'd them with Vigour and came to joyn the Prince who got on Horse back at the very first noise They remain'd some time in sight but the Night proving very dark there was no Combat and the Prince retir'd without any loss being more oblig'd to the Enemies over-great precaution for his Safety than to his own Count d' Harcourt follow'd him no farther and the Prince persisting in the Design of going to Bergerac in order to Fortifie it pass'd at Libourne of which the Count of Maure was Governour and left Orders with him for the continuation of some Out-works The Marshal de la Force arriv'd at Bergerac just as he did with his Son the Marquess of Castelnau who commanded
a strong Garrison And therefore he resolv'd to throw the Regiment of Foot of Conty into it and to take possession of one of the Gates of the City in order to oblige the People to receive a Garrison But whereas this Design was not kept secret it was soon rumour'd throughout the City Upon which the Inhabitants immediately betook themselves to their Arms and made Barricadoes The Prince of Conde being inform'd therewith got on Horse-back to stop the Tumult by his Presence and to remain Master of the Gate of Grave until the aforesaid Regiment had taken possession of it But the arrival of the Souldiers increas'd the Disorder instead of appeasing it They entred and made a halt in the first Street and tho' the Prince of Conde the Prince of Conty and all the Officers endeav'd to appease the Disorder they could not hinder the Streets from being barricado'd in a moment However the People still preserv'd their Respect towards the Prince of Conde and towards all the General Officers but at the same time the Animosity increas'd in all places where his Presence was wanting It was impossible that things should remain long in that condition the Souldiers as I have already related had taken Possession of the Gate of Grave and half the adjoyning Street The People were in Arms all the Streets were barricado'd and Corps â—e Guards plac'd every where Night drew on which would have increas'd the Disorder and the Prince of Conde found himself necessitated either to quit the Town shamefully or cause it to be pâ—ilag'd and burnt either of which apparently would have ruin'd his Affairs For if he quitted the Town the King's Forces would be receivd into it and if he burnt it it would occasion the Revolt of the whole Province against him Those Reasons induc'd him to endeavour an Accommodation which in appearance might save his Authority and serve for a pretence to Pardon the Inhabitants of Agen. The Duke de la Rochefoucault spoke to some of the most considerable Citizens and prevail'd with them to go to the Town-Hall there to Depute some among them to the Prince to beg his Pardon and to intreat him to come to their Assembly there to prescribe the means to preserve Agen in the Submission and Loyalty they had sworn to him The Prince accordingly went thither and told them that it had always been his Intention to preserve their Freedom entire and that the only end for which he had sent Souldiers thither was to ease them and help them to Guard the City but that since they did not desire it he was willing to remove them provided the City would raise a Regiment of Foot at their own Charge and give him the Names of the Officers These Conditions were easily agreed to the Barricado's were remov'd the Souldiers march'd out again and the City remain'd in appearance as quiet and full of Submission as it was before the Sedition The Prince of Conde who could not confide in those Appearances remain'd some time in Agen to put the City in its former state again at which time he receiv'd the News that the Army from Flanders Commanded by the Duke of Nemours and the Duke of Orleance's Forces Commanded by the Duke of Beaufort were joyn'd and on their March towards the River Loire This Joy was notwithstanding mix'd with some Disquiet On the one hand he saw an Army from Spain he had so long expected in the middle of the Kingdom which might come to the Relief of Montroâ—d or to joyn with him in Guienne But at the same time he was also inform'd that the Dukes of Nemours and of Beaufort could no ways agree and that their Division was grown to a very dangerous pitch Their Armies being separate it was impossible for them to keep the Field before the King's Army Commanded by the Marshals of Turenne and Hoquincourt reinforc'd by the Troops â—he Cardinal had brought along with him besides the Neighbourhood of the Court The Duke of Nemours's Orders were to cross the River of Loire in order to relieve Montrond and to March immediately towards Guienne whereas the Orders the Duke of Beaufort daily receiv'd from the Duke of Orleance were directly opposite Monsieur could not consent that the Army should march away so far from Paris fearing lest the People or the Parliament should alter their minds seeing the Duke of Nemours's Army march into Guienne while the King 's remain'd in their Neighbourhood The Coadjutor of Paris in whom Monsieur confided most at that time seconded this Advice and augmented the fear and Natural Iâ—resolutions of that Prince By keeping the Army on this side the River Loire he made it of no use to the Prince of Conde whose Enemy he was and made himself more considerable at Court by shewing that being Master of Monsieur's Conduct it was in his power to advance or keep back the Progress of the Army and thus omitted no means to obtain a Cardinal's Cap. Chavigny on his side harbour'd as great Designs he expected to govern Monsieur by making him senâ—â—â—le that â—e govern'd the Prince and flatter'd himâ—â—â—â— to become Master of the Prince's Conduct by shewing him he was Master of Monsieur's His Projects did not stop there from the very beginning of the War he had taken his Measures to become â— Negotiator of Peace and had united himself to the Duke of Roâ—an believing that he might be equally useful to him with Monsieur and with the Prince He likewise thought he had taken all necessary precautions towards the Cardinal by means of Fabret Governour of Sedan and whereas he â—ut no Bounds to his Ambition and his Hopes he did not question but in making a particular Peace he should be chosen with the Cardinal to conclude the General Peace He fancy'd moreover that making use of the Credit the Prince of Conde could give him among the Spaniards he should have all the Credit of the Good Successes and the Cardinal on the contrary all the Shame and blame of â—he ill Events And that thus he should enter into the Ministry of Affairs again either with the Glory of having concluded the Peace or with the Advantage of laying the blame of it on Mazarin in case it should not be effected In order thereunto he writ several times to the Prince to press him to quit Guienne he represented to him how necessary his Presence was in the Army that in suffering it to be destroy'd he would lose his last Stake but that in making Progresses in the heart of the Kingdom and in the King's sight he would not only immediately retrieve his Affairs in Guienne but all the rest of his Party The Prince of Conde suffer'd himself easily to be perswaded by Chavigny's Reasons but the principal Motive which induc'd him to it was his desire of quitting Guienne at a time when the weakness of his Army oblig'd him continually to fly before Count d' Harcourt He communicated his Design to the Duke de la Rochefoucault
them with three Gentlemen and they arriv'd together at Chastillon without any danger The Prince of Conde receiv'd Tidings there of the Army he was going to joyn and was inform'd that it lay towards Lory near the Forest of Orleance within Eight Leagues of Chastillon he heard moreover that Ten or Twelve Chevaux-Legers of the King's Guard together with some Officers were at that time at Chastillon whereupon he resolv'd to remove from thence about Midnight with speed with a Guide for Lory This Guide had like to have occasion'd his Ruin for after a long March he found that he was but within a short League of Gien in so much that going about to quit that Road to tuâ—n towards Lory the Prince pass'd within Thirty Yards of the place where St. Maure lay in wait for him But whether he did not know him or durst not Charge him nothing oppos'd his Passage and he arriv'd at Lory where he heard certain News of his Army which was but two Leagues distant from them Althoâ— he conceal'd himself with the same precautions he had us'd elsewhere both he and the Duke de la Rochefoucaulâ— were discover'd by several Inhabitants of the place of which many were the King 's and the Duke of Orleance's Servants But this prov'd an Advantage instead of a Prejudice to him for some of them got on Horse-back with him and accompany'd him to the Army He met the Vanguard at the entrance of the Forest of Orleance some Troopers coming up to him and he having discover'd himself to them the whole Army was surpriz'd with an excess of Joy that cannot be express'd His Presence had never been so necessary as it was at that time and had never been less expected The Animosity between the Dukes of Nemours and Beaufort daily increas'd and thereby the sole Prop of the Party daily perish'd through the Division of the Chiefs at a time when the Presence of the King and his Army should have oblig'd them most to prefer the Publick Good to their particular Quarrels The Prince was too much concern'd to put an end to those Differences not to endeavour it with all the earnestness imaginable which he effected the more easily by reason that his Arrival taking the Command from them at the same time it remov'd the main cause of their Jealousie and Hatred Affairs standing in this Condition the Army march'd to Lory where they rested a day three or four days more were employ'd in going to Montargis which surrender'd without any Resistance The Army soon quitted that place by reason that it was stor'd with Corn and Wine which might be of use upon occasion as also to shâ—w an Example of Mildness which might prove advantageous to his Party in the other Cities The Army march'd from Montargis and went to Chateau-renard Gourville arriv'd there at the same time from Paris to give the Prince an account of his Friends Sâ—ntiments about his Conduct towards Monsieur and towards the Parliament Their Advices prov'd very different for some counsel'd him to remain with the Army by reason that the Resoâ—â—â—ions of the Duke of Orleance and of the Parliament would always depend on the Event of that War and that while he should be at the Head of a Victorious Army the Kingâ—s Power would reside in his hands Whereas in going to Paris he took away from his Forces the Reputation which his Presence had given them since he was necessitated to leave the Command thereof to the same Persons whose Division and Incapacity had been like to produce such great Disorders Chavigny on the contrary assur'd the Prince that his Presence was absolutely necessary in Paris That the Cabals of â—he Court and of the Cardinal of Rets daily increas'd in the Parliament and that finally they would infallibly engage the Duke of Orleance on their side unless the Prince came in Person to free him from his dependency on them and to put the Duke of Rohan and Chavigny in possession of a place they could no longer dispute with the Cardinal of Râ—ts without him They all in general agreed preferably to all other things to undertake some considerable Action against the King's Army all depending on a Successful Event At that very time the Prince of Conde receiv'd Intelligence that the Marshal of Hoquincourt's Brigade lay still in separate Quarters pretty near Chateauâ—Renard and that the next day it was to joyn again with Marshal de Turenne's Whereupon he resolv'd immediately to March up with all his Army to Marshal d' Hoquincourt's before he could have time to assemble his Forces to retire towards Marshal de Turenne and the Success answeâ—'d his Expectation He entred first into two Quarters which alarm'd the rest bâ—t that did not hinder him from taking five of them one after another The four first hardly made any resistance but the Mâ—rshal d' Hoquincourt having plac'd himself in Battalia with 800 Horse upon the border of a Brook which could only be cross'd one Man of a Breast upon a very narrow decay'd Bank seem'd resolv'd to dispuâ—e that Passage yet noâ—withstanding the Duke of Nemours had no sooner past this Defile with three or four Men but the Marshal who judg'd that all the Army was there retir'd behind that Quarter and suffer'd it to be pillag'd placing himself in Battle again in hopâ—s of an Opportunity to Charge them during the Plâ—nder This Quarter made no more Resistance than the others but whereas those Houses were cover'd with Thatch they being set on fire the Marshal d' Hoquincourt soon discover'd by that Light the Number of the Forces that were past and finding that there was not above One Hundred Horse he advanc'd to Charge them with above 800. The Pâ—ince of Conde observing this Cavalry that was falling upon him strait form'd a Squadron of what Men he had about him and march'd up to his Eâ—emy with so unequal a Number that iâ— seem'd as if Chance had assembled all the General Officers of his Army in that place to make him sâ—nsible what a Loss he might have sustain'd by an ill Event The fiâ—st Rank in which he fought himself was compos'd of the Dukes of Nemours of Beaufort and de la Rochefoucault the Prince of Marsillac the Marquess of Clinchant who commanded the Spanish Forces Count Tavannes Lieutenant-General of Guitault Gaucourt and some other Officers Both the Squadrons fir'd at a small distance and yet neither of them gave ground but two others having soon after charg'd the Prince's the Duke of Nemours was shot through the Body with a Pistol and his Horse kill'd under him The Prince of Conde's Squadron not being able to sustain two Charges so close to one another â—etird an Hundred steps in disorder towards the Quarter that was on fire but the Prince and the General Oflicers who were with him riding up to the said Squadron stopt it The Enemies contented themselves with having 〈◊〉 it give ground without breaking it Some Officers and a few Troopers only
the Seine Without doubt he would not have done it had he followed his own Inclination and it had been much safer and much easier to leave the River Seine on the left hand and to march by Meudon and Vaugirard to Encamp under the Fauxbourg St. Germans where perhaps he should not have been attack'd for fear of Engaging the Parisians in his Defence But the Duke of Orleance would by no means consent to it not only as was represented to him out of fear of a Combat he might see from the Windows of his Palace of Luxemburg but also because some perswaded him that the King's Artillery would make a continual Fire against it to force him to quit it Thus the Opinion of an imaginary Peril made the Duke of Orleance expose the Prince of Conde â—s Life to the greatest danger he had ever been in He caus'd his Army to march at the beginning of the Night on the first of Iuly and expecting to reach Charenton before his Enemies could come up to him he march'd through the Cours of the Queen-Mother and round about the City from the Gate of St. Honoré to the Gate of St. Anthony in order to â—arch from thence to Charenton He did not desire leave to March through Paris for fear of a denial which at that time would have discover'd the ill Condition of his Affairs Besides he was afraid that having obtain'd it his Forces would disperse themselves in the City and that it would be difficult to force them out of it in case of Necessity The Court soon receiv'd Intelligence of his March and the Marshal of Turenne follow'd him immediately with what Forces he had in order to stop him until Marshal de la Ferté who â—ollow'd with is Army could come up to him In the mean time the King was sent to Charonne to behold from that place as from a Theatre that Action which according to appearances was like to prove the absolute Overthrow of the Prince and the end of the Civil War but in Effect that which prov'd one of the boldest and most perillous Occasions that ever was seen in War and that in which the Prince of Conde's great Endowments appear'd to the best Advantage Fortune it self seem'd to be reconcil'd to him in that Occasion and would have a share in a Success of which both Parties have imputed the Glory to his Valour and Conduct For he was attac'd precisely at a time in which he could make use of the Retrenchments the Inhabitants of the Suburb of St. Anthony had made to secure themselves from being pillag'd by the Duke oâ— Lorrain's Forces and it was the only place in all the March he design'd that had any Retrenchments and in which he could avoid being absolutely defeaâ—ed nay even some Squadrons of his Rear were charg'd in the Suburb of St. Martin by some Men the Marshal of Turenne had detach'd to amuse him they retir'd in disorder in the Retrenchment of the Suburb of St. Anthony in which he had plac'd himself in Battalia He had but just so much time as was necessary to that end and to garnish those Posts through which he could be attack'd with Foot and Horse He was forc'd to place the Baggage of the Army upon the side of the Ditch of St. Anthony because the Parisians had refus'd to receive it Moreover some Carriages had been plunder'd and those of the Court-Party had contriv'd Affairs so that the Event of that Business should be seen from thence as from a Neuter place The Prince of Conde preserv'd about him such of his Attendants as happen'd to be there and such Persons of Quality as had no Command the number of which amounted to about Thirty or Forty The Marshal of Turenne dispos'd his Attacks with all the Diligence and Confidence of a Man who thinks himself certain of Victory His detach'd Men being come within 30 Yards of the Retrenchment the Prince came out upon them with the Squadron I have mention'd and charging them with Sword in hand defeated their Battalion absolutely took some Officers Prisoners carry'd away their Colours and retir'd to his Retrenchment On the other hand the Marquess of St. Mesgrin attack'd the Post that was defended by Count de Tavannes Lieutenant-General and Languais Mareschal de Camp who made so brave a Resistance that the Marquess of St. Mesgrin finding that his Infantry flinch'd being hurry'd on by Heat and Anger advanc'd with the King's Troop of Chevaux Legers in a Street shut up with Barricado's where he was kill'd with the Marquess of Nantouillet Le Fouilloux and some others Mancini Cardinal Mazarin's Nephew was wounded and dy'd of his Wounds some time after The Attacks were continu'd on all sides with great Vigour and the Prince of Conde charg'd the Enemies a second time with an equal Success to the first he appear'd every where in the middle of the Fire and Combat and gave his Orders with that calmness of Mind which is so necessary and yet so seldom met with on those Occasions Finally the King's Forces having forc'd the last Barricado of the Street call'd du Cours which leads to Vincennes they entred in Order of Battle as far as the Market-place of the Suburb of St. Anthony whereupon the Prince ran thither charg'd them and destroying whatever oppos'd him regain'd that Poâ—â— and forc'd the Enemies out of it Nevertheless they were Masters of a second Barricado which was in the Street that goes to Câ—arenton the which was Forty Yards beyond a very large Square adjoyning to the said Street The Marquess of â—oâ—illes had made himself Master of it and in order to keep it the better he had caus'd the Houses to be pierc'd through and had plac'd Musquetiers in all those before which they were oblig'd to pass to come up to the said Barricado The Prince of Conde did design to go with some Infantry to cause other Houses to be pierc'd to force them to retire by a greater Fire which indeed was the best way but the Duke of Beaufort who chanc'd not to be near the Prince at the beginning of the Attack being somewhat Jealous at the Duke of Nemours having been there all along press'd the Prince to cause the said Barricado to be attack'd by Infantry that was already tyr'd and discourag'd the which instead of going up to the Enemy kept close to the Houses and would not Advance At the same time a Squadron of the Forces from Flanders that had been posted in a Street which butted in one of the corners of the Square on that side where the Houses were being no longer able to â—arry there for fear of being surrounded as soon as the Houses thereabouts should be taken came back into the Square and the Duke of Beaufort believing that they were Enemies propos'd to the Dâ—kes de la Rochefoucault and Nemours who arriv'd there at that time to Charge them and they being follow'd by all the Persons of Quality and Voluntiers they march'd up to
any other foreign Kings Potentates or Princes or any other persons whatever both within and out of the Kingdom of France with promise never to take or receive for the future from the said foreign Kings and Potentates any Pensions Establishments or Favours obliging him to have a dependency on them nor any Engagements to any King or Potentate besides His Majesty his Soveraign Lord on pain in case of Contravention to the said Writing of forfeiting from that moment the Re-habilitation and Re-establishment that is granted him by the present Treaty and to return to the same condition he was in on the 1 st day of March of the present year 4. Thirdly That the said Prince in performance of what has been before agreed upon between the said Lord-Kings shall really and in Fact deliver into his Most Christian Majesty's Hands the Cities of Rocroy Le Chaâ—elet and Linchamp at the time and day hereafter mention'd in another Article of this said Treaty 5. The Premisses being perform'd as abovesaid his most Christian Majesty in contemplation of the Peace and in consideration of his Catholick Majesty's Mediation making use of his Royal Clemency will sincerely and heartily receive the said Prince in his Favour and will with the same Sincerity forget whatever he has done or undertaken for the time past against his Service either within or out of the Kingdom and will allow his Return not only into France but even at his Majesty's Court. After which his Majesty will restore the said Prince in Reality and Fact to the free possession and enjoyment of all the Estates Honours Dâ—gnities and Priviledges belonging to the first Prince of the Blood Provided still that as to what relates to the said Estates of whatever Nature they be the said Prince shall never pretend any thing for the time past towards the Restitution of the Income or Use of the said Estates whatever persons may have enjoy'd them by His Majesty's Orders nor to the payment or restitution of his Pensions Sallaries or other Rents and Revenues he had upon the Demains Farms or General Receipts of the said Lord King nor yet upon the Account or pretence of what he might pretend to be due to him by His Majesty before his going out of the Kingdom nor for the Demolitions Degradations or Damages done by His Majesty's Orders or otherwise in any manner whatever in his Estate Cities Places fortify'd or not fortify'd Lordships Chastellenies Lands and Houses of the said Prince 6. And as to what relates to the Garrisons Governments of Provinces or Places the said Prince enjoy'd and possess'd before his going out of France his Most Christian Majesty did for a long while constantly refuse to restore them to him until his being mov'd by the proceeding and Submission of the said Prince above-mention'd when he did fully resign his Interests to his pleasure and disposition without the least Pretensions together with whatever was offer'd him by his Catholick Majesty to indemnifie him His said Most Christian Majesty did at last condescend to grant him what followeth upon certain Conditions hereafter specify'd which the said Lord Kings have agreed upon and thus granted viz. That provided his Catholick Majesty on his part instead of what he design'd to give the said Prince to Indemnifie him shall draw out the Spanish Garrison which lyes in the City Fort and Citadel of Juliers to leave the said place and Citadel free from the said Garrison to the Duke of Newburg on the Conditions and in the manner that shall be specify'd hereafter in one of the Articles of the present Treaty Aâ— also provided that his said Catholick Majesty besides the removal of the Spanish Garrison out of the City and Citadel of Juliers shall deliver to his Most Christian Majesty the City of Avennes situate between the Sambre and the Meuse with the Appurtenances Dependencies Annexations and Demains thereof in the manner his said Catholick Majesty has engag'd above by an Article of the said present Treaty the which place of Avennes his said Majesty likewise design'd among other things to give to the said Prince In Consideration of which as above-mention'd that is in Compensation of the delivery and yielding of one of the said places to the Most Christian King to be united and for ever annexed to the Crown of France and the removal of the Spanish Garrison out of the other in favour of a Prince who is a Friend and Ally to his Most Christian Majesty who is desirous to Oblige him by vertue of the said Treaty of Alliance His said most Christian Majesty for all things whatever in general that may relate to the Places and Governments the said Prince had possess'd or might reasonably be expected by those that belong'd to him without excepting any will give to the said Prince the Government of the Province of Burgundy and Bresse under which are compriz'd the Countries of Bugey Gex and Veromey As also the particular Governments of the Castle of Dijon and of the City of St. John de Laune And to the Duke of Enguien his Son the place of Lord High Steward of the Kingdom and Houshold together with Brevâ—ats of Assurance to the said Prince to preserve it in case the said Duke of Enguien should dye before him 7. His said Majesty shall grant a full Pardon by his Letters Patent in dâ—e form for whatever the said Prince his Relations Creatures Friends Adherents and Servants either Church-men or Lay-men have or may have done or undertaken for the time past against his Service in so much that it may never hurt or prejudice him or them at any time nor their Heirs Successors Administrators or Assigns as if the thing had never been Neither shall his said Majesty at any time make any Enquiry in relation to the said Prince his Relations Creatures Friends Adherents and Servants whether Ecclesiasticks or Lay-men about the Money he or they have taken out of the general or particular Receits or out of the Audits of his Farms And shall not oblige them to make any Restitution of the said Money or Sums nor of all the Levies or Gatherings Contributions Impositions Exactions impos'd upon the people or Acts of Hostility committed in France in any wise whatever Which shall be explain'd more at large in the said Pardon or Letters Patent for the entire Security of the said Prince and of those that have follow'd him in order that they may never be prosecuted troubled or molested about it 8. That as soon as the said Prince shall have perform'd on his part what is contain'd in the three Articles 2.3 4. of this present Treaty all Dutchies Counties Lands Lordships and Demains even those of Clermont Stenay and Dun as he enjoy'd them before his going out of France and that of Jamets also in case he did enjoy it the which heretofore belong'd to the said Prince Together with all and every his other Estates Moveables or Immoveables of any kind whatever in the manner
the Country the said Duke on such Occasions using whatâ—ver precautions may be necessary for the Security of the said City and Citadel And in case the said Duke should be wanting in the performance of those things he obliges himself to as well not to alienate as not to put any Garrison in the said City and Citadel but of his own Forces or should refuse a passage to his Catholick Majesty's Forces they paying for it The said Lord most Christian King promises upon the Faith and Word of a King neither to assist the said Duke with Men or Money nor in any other ways either by himself or others to defend the said Insruction but on the contrary shall send his own Forces if necessary for the Accomplishment of the Premises The Peace being Concluded the Prince of Conde returned into France he entred it by the way of La Capelle and passed through Soissons where he refused to receive any Harangues or Visits from the Corporations of the City protesting that he would receive none until he had first had the Honour of seeing the King He went from Soissons the next day being accompany'd with three more in his Coach viz. the Duke d' Enguien Messieurs de Houteville and Guitant He went to Meaux and from thence to Coulomiers at the Duke of â—â—â—â—â—â—ville's from whence he went to meet the 〈◊〉 who was at that time in Provence in exâ—â—â—â—â—â—ion of the Accomplishment of his Marriage 〈◊〉 the Infanta of Spain which was as it were 〈◊〉 first Fruit of the Peace The King who had made a Progress to Toulouse 〈◊〉 the Queen Monsieur and Mademoiselle where 〈◊〉 Cardinal also repair'd about the beginning of â—â—â—â—ary 1660. arrived on the 12 th of the said Mâ—nth at Arles and the 17 th at Aix where the Prince came two Days after Cardinal Mazarin presented him to the King who receiv'd him with great Demonstration of Kindness and reiterated Assurances that he would forget all that was paâ—â— He follow'd the Court and assisted at the magnificent Entry their Majesties made into Paris on the 26 th of August of the following Year The King had long been desirous to acknowledge the Services of some Persons who were distinguish'd by their Birth by honouring them with the Colar of the Order of the Holy Ghost The Length of the War had been an Obstacle to it till then But the Peace being settled he put that Design in execution and made Sixty Knights and Eight Commanders The Ceremony was perform'd in the Church of the Great Augustin's at Paris with great Magnificence on the last of December 1661. The Order was conâ—eâ—r'd first oâ— the Prelates and after the Service the King perform'd the Ceremony for the Lay-Knights beginning with the Prince of Conde and continuing with the Duke d' Enguien the Prince of Conti and the Duke of Verneuil Philip the 4 th King of Spain died on the 17 th of Septâ—mber 1665. When the Negotiations of Peace were begun and the Marriage of the King of France with the Infanta first talk of the Spaâ—iardâ— oppos'd it at first for fear of being troubled by the French at some time or other about the Rights of that Princess and it fell out accordingly The King of France pretending that the Dutchy of Brabant and the Annexions thereof belong'd to the Queen by Right of Devolution after the Death of Prince Balthazar her Brother who died on 9 th of October 1649. he caus'd the said Country to be demanded from the Queen of Spain Those Pretensions were laugh'd at at Madrid and upon that refusal which was expected France wag'd War into the Low Countries having first publish'd a Manifesto by which that Crown endeavour'd to prove that in taking possession of a Country that belong'd to the Queen they did not in the least Infringe the last Treaty that had been made with Spain The King departed from St. Germains on the 14 th of May and entred the Fields on the 24 th he made choice of Marshal de Turenne for his Lieutenant-General and sent Marshal d' Aumont towards Dunkirk there to Command a Body of 7 or 8000 Men. The Marquess of Crequi who had liv'd from the Court for five or six Years last past was recall'd and sent upon the Frontiers towards Luxemburgh with 3 or 4000 Men. But the Prince of Conde had no Imployment She Spaniards were constantly beaten during all that Campagn and lost Bergue Furnes Tournay Douay Couâ—traâ— and L' Isle The King of France not being satisfy'd with his Progresses in Flanders resolv'd to fall upon the Franche Comte and to make himself Master of it He did not stay for the Spring to undertake that Conquest The Prince of Conde who had tarried in his Governments without Action while Monsieur de Turenne had so many occasions to distinguish himself in the Low Countries was sent before 〈◊〉 on the 7 th of February of the following 〈◊〉 The King who had left Paris to assist at 〈◊〉 Expedition arrivâ—d at Dison the following day The same day the Prince of Conde Summon'd the 〈◊〉 to surrender The Inhabitants of that City 〈◊〉 had been surpriz'd and were not able to 〈◊〉 any resistance resolv'd immediately to â—urâ—â—â—der saying That they were willing to submit to 〈◊〉 King of France and to receive him but as in 〈◊〉 Imperial City However the Prince having giâ—â—â— them to understand that their City had ceas'd 〈◊〉 an Imperial City by the Treaty of Munster and that in case they obey'd without delay all 〈◊〉 Priviledges should be preserv'd they surrendeâ—'d innocently without any further Conditions 〈◊〉 opened their Gates The Duke of Luxemburg enter'd Salins at the same time and Dole was inâ—â—sted on the 9 th The King and the Prince of Câ—nde being agreed about the Measures that were to be taken in order to reduce that City with as much ease as Bezancon and Salins Count Chamilly one of the Major-Generals of the Army was ordeâ—'d to summon the Inhabitants to surrender and 〈◊〉 promise them that all their Rights should be preserv'd in case they would submit voluntarily â—nd to threaten them at the same time that no Quarter should be given them if they made the leâ—st Resistance Monsieur de Chamilly receiv'd no favourable Answer whereupon it was resolv'd to take it by force and three Attacks were made 〈◊〉 the 13 th in which the Prince expos'd himself extreamly The Besieged defended themselves â—nd some considerable Officers were kill'd in that occasion The King seeing the Resistance that was made by those who govern'd in the place sent Count Grammont the next day to represent to the Parliament the Neceâ—sity they lay under of Surrendring or of being expos'd to the Fury of an Army Commanded by a King in Person and by the Prince of Conde who was every where attended with Victory He show'd them not only that there was a great deal of Rashness in resisting such powerful Forces commanded by
a way to dye well In the mean time the Duke and Dutchess as well as the Prince of Conty begg'd his leave to see him once more to which he consented on Condition they should retire immediately They withdrew immediately having seen him but he was not long without thinking on them For within half an hour he desired a Jesuit to go to them from him to bid them a last Farewel After which Monsieur de Marege who belongs to the Prince of Conty being come into his Chamber he received him in that obliging manner he was wont to receive every body especially those he loved and esteemed as he did that Gentleman He told him You have always served your Master 〈…〉 well Continue so to do and never do anyâ—â—ing â—erogatory to the Honour you have of belonging to 〈◊〉 He confides in you You may tell him from me 〈…〉 present more sensible of than ever I wasâ— â—hat â— man must be Iust and Good during his Life and that there is nothing else solid After which he remain'd for some time silent But then resuming â—he Discourse again and giving some new Orders a Divine venturing to tell him that he lived like a Great Man and that he ought to dye in the same manner but especially like a good Christian he took him by the Hand and said You praise me and I do now deserve it From that moment he did nothing singular and expir'd so quietly that it was hardly observed Thus dyed that great Prince on the Eleventh of December 1686. after having lived Sixty Five Years Three Months and Three Days While the Prince of Conde lay a Dying at Fontainebleau the King caus'd that Great Man's Letter to be read at Versailles Those who observed the three Tenses of his Letter how slightly he pass'd over his Services at the beginning and at the end of his Life and how sincere an Acknowledgment he made of his Faults about the middle were extreamly mov'd by his Modesty and the King himself could not refrain Tears saying That he lost a great Prince these were his own words And when that part of the Letter was read where the Prince return'd his Thanks and declar'd that he dyed Contented and too Happy since he had so much Life left as to express his Gratitude his Devotion and if he might say so his Tenderness to the King every body did him the Justice to say that he had Written sincerely That very day the Duke wrote three Lines to the King to â—â—quaint him with the Prince his Father's Death The Duke went to Versailles on the 15 th of December to pay his Respects to the King who received him with all the Kindness imaginable And His Majesty express'd to him on the Occasion the Obliging Sentiments he preserved for him and for his Father He had taken the Prince of Conty along with him whom he presented to the King who made him sensible by his Reception that he did not repent the Pardon he had granted him three days before out of Respect to the Prince and at the Intreaty of the Duke The Duke did not tarry long at Versailles and return'd soon to Paris He received sufficient Testimonies both at Court and in the City that the Prince his Father's Death had made a deep Impression in the Hearts and Minds of all People In the mean time the Order that had been given for carrying the Prince's Body to Valery were put in execution All things being ready the Duke went away before any body on the 21 st of December and tarry'd at Fontainebleau for the Prince of Conty who came thither from the King The Princ's Body was carry'd to Valery on the 22 th and his Heart to the Church of the Professed House of the Jesâ—its at Paris on the 24 th being Christmas-Eve This Ceremony was perform'd with great Magnificence And the Duke who appeared in every thing omitted none of the Duties his Good Nature and Gratitude exacted from him After which the most Eloquent Persons in the Kingdom were employ'd in making Funeral Orations in the Praise and Honour of the Prince of Conde The King having mourn'd the loss of that great Prince and often declar'd in the middle of the Court sighing that he had lost the greatest Man of his Kingdom assembled the greatest Persons of his Kingdom in Notre Dame of Paris on the â—â— th of March there to pay in Pâ—blick what was â—ue to the Memory of that Princeâ— and Ordered the Bishop of Meaux to speak the Funeral Oration That Oration is very fine and worthy its Author and the Prince in honour of whom it was spoken The 26th of Aprill Father Bourdaloüe who about three Years and a half before had spoken in the Church of the Professors House of his Society in presence of the Prince the Funeral Elogy of Henry of Bourbon his Father spoke a Funeral Oraâ—ion in the said Church in Praise of that great Prince whose Memoirs I am finishing That Oration is very Elegant and most Magnificent especially that part of it where Father Bourdaloüe speaks without Dissimulation and at large upon the Prince of Conde's behaviour in the Civil War is incomparable Never was so skilful and so happy a boldness known And that kind of daring in an Orator if I may use the Expression seems to revive in our Minds that Bravery and Heroick Fierceness the Prince of Conde used to shew in Battles and in the greatest Perils the which was follow'd with so much Success The Abbot du Iarry likewise spoke a Funeral Oration in Honour of the said Prince in the Church of Maubuisson before the Princess Palatine who was Abbess of that Religious House whom we have mention'd several times in theâ—e Memoirs There are Master-strokes in this last Funeral Elogy Several other Orations were made in several Provinces of the Kingdom But whereas in those kind of Discourses iâ— is usual to insist upon the Vertues of those for whom they are spoken and that commonly tho nothing it said in them but what really is yet many things are omitted by reason that those things are suppress'd which deserve no Praise and that those things are disguised which cannot be conceal'd and that by a false Light in which the Orator's skill knows how to place his Hero's dress with cunning he covers and paâ—â—es slightly over those Parts that are defective It is necessary to have recourse to History to be fully instructed of every thing and that to a faithful History like unto this I am now going to draw the Prince of Condâ—'s Picture with the same Fidelity I have observ'd throughout this Work Lew of Bourbon second of the Name first Prince of the Blood Duke of Bourbon of Chateaurex of Montmorency and Bellegarte Governour of Burgundy and Bresse first Peer Lord High Steward of France Count of Clermont Stenay Dun and Iamets Knight of the Holy Ghost and General of the King's Armies was Tall