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A70454 The harmony of the foure evangelists among themselves, and with the Old Testament : the first part, from the beginning of the gospels to the baptisme of our saviour, with an explanation of the chiefest difficulties both in language and sense / by John Lightfoote ... Lightfoot, John, 1602-1675. 1644 (1644) Wing L2058; ESTC R11993 206,792 264

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in her Cosin Elisabeth Thirdly confirming her from the power of God to which nothing is impossible Now whereas this unrestrained power of God was the onely cause of such examples as the childing of Elisabeth and other barren women in this birth of the Virgin something more and of more extraordinarinesse is to bee looked after In it therefore two actions are expressed to concurre First The Holy Ghost his comming upon the Virgin Secondly The power of the most High overshadowing her and two fruits or consequents of these two actions answerable to them First The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee therefore that that is borne of thee shall bee holy Secondly The power of the most High shall overshadow thee therefore that that is borne of thee shall bee called the Son of God The comming of the Holy Ghost upon her was First In the gift of Prophecy whereby shee was both informed of the very instant when the conception was wrought and also more fully of the mystery of the Incarnation then before Secondly Hee did prepare and sanctifie so much of her flesh and blood or seed as to constitu●● the body of our Saviour The worke was the worke of the whole Trinity but ascribed more singularly to the Holy Ghost first because of the sanctifying of that seed and cleering it of originall taint for sanctification is the worke of the Holy Ghost Secondly for the avoiding of that dangerous consequence which might have followed among men of corrupt minds who might have opinionated if the conception of the Mess●as in the wombe had been ascribed to the Father that the Sonne had had no other manner of generation of him The power of the most High His operating power supplying the want of the vigour and imbraces of the masculine Parent For to that the word overshadow seemeth to have aliusion being a modest phrase whereby the Hebrews expressed the imbraces of the man in the act of generation as Ruth 3. 9. Spread the skirt of thy garment over thine handmaid Therefore that holy thing This title and Epithet first not onely sheweth the purity and immaculatenesse of the humane nature of Christ but also secondly it being applyed to the preceding part by way of consequence as was touched before it sheweth that none ever was borne thus immaculate but Christ alone because none had ever such a way meanes of conception but onely hee Ver. 36. Thy Cosin Elisabeth hath conceived a Son As hee had informed the Virgin of the birth of the M●ssi●● of her selfe so doth he also of the birth of his fore-runner of her Cousin Elisabeth For that hee intended not barely to informe her onely that her Cousin had conceived a Childe but that hee heightens her thoughts to think of him as Christs fore-runner may bee supposed upon these observations First that hee saith A Son and not a Childe Second that such strangely borne Sonnes were ever of some remarkable and renowned eminency Thirdly that if hee had purposed onely to shew her the possibility of her conceiving by the example of the power of God in other women hee might have mentioned Sarah Hannah and others of those ancient ones and it had been enough Ver. 39. And Mary arose c. And went with haste into the hill Country into a City of Juda. This City was Hebron For unto the sons of Aaron Joshua gave the City of A●ba which is Hebron in the hill countrey of Judah Josh. 21. 11. And Zacharias being a sonne of Aaron and dwelling in the hill Countrey of Jud●●● it were senselesse to seek for his house in any other place then Hebron This place had been excellently renowned in ancient time Here was the promise given of Isaac here was the institution of Circumcision here Abraham had his first land and David his first Crowne and here lay interred the three couples Abraham and Sarah Isaac and Rebecca Jacob and Leah and as antiquity hath held Adam and Eve Now there are many reasons given by Expositors of Maries hasting hither after the Message of the Angel As either to know the truth of what was told her about Elisabeth or to congratulate and rejoyce with her or to minister to her in her great bellyednesse or that the Baptist in Elisabeths wombe might bee sanctified by the presence of Christ in hers c. But I cannot but conceive this to bee the very reason indeed That shee might there conceive the Messias where so many types figures and things relating to him had g●●e before namely in Hebron For First this suited singularly with the Harmony and Consent which God useth in his workes that the promise should begin to take place by the conception of Messias even among those Patriarchs to whom the promise was first given Secondly A kind of necessity seemeth to lie upon it that this Shiloh of the Tribe of Juda and the seed of David should bee conceived in a City of Juda and of David as hee was to bee borne in another City that belonged to them both Thirdly the Evangelists so punctually describing this City seemeth rather to referre to Christ then John who being of the Priests might indifferently have been born in any of the Tribes whatsoever Only the Holy Ghost giveth us to observe this which may not bee passed That John that should bring in Baptisme in stead of Circumcision was borne in that very place where Circumcision was first ordained in the City Hebron It is generally held indeed that the Virgin conceived in Nazaret and in the very instant of the Angels talking with her but whether there bee not as much probability for this opinion as for that I referre to the equall and judicious Reader Ver. 40. And saluted Elisabeth This seemeth to have beene at some distance and a wall or floore between as consider seriously on ver 42. 44. Ver. 41. The babe leaped 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 This word is used by the Lxx. for Jacobs and Esaus stirring in the wombe Gen. 25. 22. And the leaping of the mountains at the giving of the Law Elisabeth in ver 44. addeth The babe leaped 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Not that hee knew what hee did when hee leaped any more then they but that either this was the first time or this time was extraordinary The word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifieth outward gesticulation or exultation as well as inward joy yea though there bee no inward joy at all as Psal. 65. 13. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the little hils shall bee girded with exultation And so is it to bee understood here The babe in my wombe leaped with extraordinary gesticulation or ex●ltation and 〈◊〉 to signifie the manner of the thing done and not the cause of the doing Ver. 45. And blessed is shee that beleeved Elisabeth in this clause seemeth to have an eye to her owne husbands unbeleefe and the punishment that befell him for the same Hee a Man a Priest aged learned eminent and the message to him of more appearing
the blessing in Num. 6. 24 25 26. Which when Zachary is now to doe hee is speechlesse and cannot performe it for the Leviticall Priesthood is now growing dumb and hee that was to blesse indeed namely Christ is neer at hand Ver. 23. Assoon as the dayes of his Ministration were accomplished The dumb and deafe Priest officiateth in that service which the lot had cast upon him a certaine time either more or lesse after hee was falne under this double imperfection For first neither of these a●e named among those defects and blemishes that secluded from the service in the Sanctuary Secondly the Priesthood of the Law consisted mainely and chiefly of manuall actions or offices for the hands as offering sprinkling waving and such others to which sense the Targums expound The workes of Levies hands Deut. 33. 11. and so it might the better be speech lesse But the Ministery of the Gospel cannot admit of dumbnesse because it consisteth of Preaching and for that purpose was furnished and indowed at the beginning and entrance of it with the gift of tongues Ver. 24. Elisabeth hid her selfe saying c. This her retirednesse and hiding of her selfe proceeded partly from devotion and partly from respect of the childe that shee had conceived For the words or thoughts that proceed from her at this her retiring must needs shew the reason why shee did it Now shee said Because the Lord hath done thus to mee when hee looked upon mee to take away my reproach where two distinct things are plainly remarkable First Gods taking away her reproach by giving her a childe after so long barrennesse this is not the thing that shee hideth for but Secondly His dealing thus with her when hee would take that reproach away as to give her such a childe that was to bee of so eminent a calling and so great a Prophet And for this it was that the betooke her selfe to this retiring and reclusivenesse partly that she might ply her devotion so much the closer upon so great a benefit and chiefly that shee might sequester from all occasions of uncleannesse or defiling since she carryed one in her wombe that was to bee so strict a Nazarite As see the like Judg. 13. 14. Vers. 26. And in the sixth moneth This sixth moneth from the conception of the Baptist was the tenth moneth of the moneths of the yeer or the moneth Tebeth which answereth to part of our December the time at which a long error hath laid the nativity At the very same time of the yeere Esther another Virgin had been promoted to honour and royalty by Abashuerus Esth. 16. 17. Vnto a City of Galilee Out of Galilee ariseth no Prophet the Jewes said once in the scorne of our Saviour slanderously and very falsly Joh. 7. 52. For out of Galilee arose the renowned Prophet Jona● of Gath Hepher 2 King 14. 25. in the Tribe of Zebulon Josh. 19. 13. And in Galilee was much of the converse of Elias but especially of Elisha at Shunem 2 King 4. 8. in the tribe of Issachar Josh. 19. 18. and all these three famous Prophets of the Gentiles And no place could be fitter for the bringing forth of Christ and his Apostles that were to bee the Converters of the Gentiles then Galilee of the Gentiles Nazaret See 2 King 17. 9. the tower of Nozarim which if Chorography would suffer might bee understood of this City which was built like a watch-tower on the top of a steepe hill Luke 4. 29. Nazaret in the Arabick tongue signifieth Help in the Hebr. a Branch by which name our Saviour is called Esa. 11. 1. Vers. 27. To a Virgin Rabbi Oshua the Sonne of Levi said Israel was comforted in a Virgin as saith Jeremy The Lord createth a new thing in the earth A Virgin shall compasse a Man Jer. 31. 21. Beresh Rabb See also Lyra and Gloss. interlin in loc Vers. 28. Highly favoured 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 This word is used by the Greeke Scholiast in Psal. 18. 26. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the word from which it is derived in Ephes. 1. 6. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. which let the indifferent Reader view and judge of the propriety of our English translation here in comparison of the vulgar Latine The Virgin had obtained the highest earthly favour that ever mortall did or must doe to bee the mother of the Redeemer and the Holy Ghost useth a singular word to expresse so much Superstition is ever too officious but it hath shewed it selfe more so to the Virgin Mary then to any other For as it hath de●●ed her now shee is in heaven so hath it magnified her in all her actions while shee was upon the earth So that no relation or story that concerneth her but it hath strained it to the utmost extremity to wring out of it her praises though very often to a senselesse and too often to a blasphemous issue As in this story of the annuntiation there is not a word nor tittle that it thinketh will with all its shaping serve for such a purpose but it taketh advantage to patch up her Encomions where there is no use nor need nor indeed any truth of and in such a thing This word that is under hand 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 beares the bell that ringeth lowdest with them to such a tune For having translated it in their vulgar Latine Gratia plena or full of grace they hence inferre that shee had all the seven gifts of the Spirit and all the Theologicall and morall vertues and such a fulnesse of the graces of the Holy Ghost as none ever had the like Whereas first the use of Scripture is when it speaketh of fulnesse of grace to express it by another phrase as Job 1. 14. Act. 6. 5. c. Secondly the Angel himselfe explaineth this word in the sense of our translation for favour received and not for grace inherent Vers. 30. Thou hast found favour with God Thirdly and so doth the Virgin her self also desca●t upon the same thing throughout her Song Fourthly Joseph her husband suspected her for an adulteresse Mat. 1. 18. which hee could never have done if hee had ever seene so infinite fulnesse of grace in her as the R●manists have spied and hee was the likelier to have espied it of the two Fifthly compare her with other renowed women and what difference but onely this great favour of being the mother of the Messias They had the spirit of Prophecy as well as she they had the spirit of sanctification as well as she and she no more immunity from sin and death then they Sixthly she was one of the number of those that would have taken off Christ from preaching Mark 3. and this argued not such a fulnesse of grace Seventhly See Jansenius one of their owne side expounding this word according to our reading of it in loc The Lord is with thee Many understand this of the Incarnation it selfe or of the Lords being in