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A07396 The history of the Church of Englande. Compiled by Venerable Bede, Englishman. Translated out of Latin in to English by Thomas Stapleton student in diuinite; Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum. English Bede, the Venerable, Saint, 673-735.; Stapleton, Thomas, 1535-1598. 1565 (1565) STC 1778; ESTC S101386 298,679 427

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great and the bridge they had to passe ouer so litle that it would be toward night er they all could get ouer Albane longing much for his blessed death and hasting to his Martyrdome cumming to the riuers side and making there his prayer with lifting vp his eyes and harte to heauen sawe furth wyth the bottom to haue bin dried vp and the water geue place for him and the people to passe ouer dryshod as it were vpon euen grownde Which when among other the executioner which should haue beheddid him did see he made hast to mete him at the place appointed for his death and there not without the holy inspiration of God he fell downe flat before his feete and casting from him the sword which he held in his hande ready drawen desired rather that he might be executioned ether for him or with him rather then to do execution vpō him Where vpō this mā being now made a fellow of that faith wher of before he was persecutor and the swerd lying in the groūd before thē the other officers staggering and doubting all who might take it vpp and doe the execution the holy confessor of God with the people there assembled went vnto a hill almost half a mile of from that place beautifully garnished with diuers herbes and flowers not rough or vneasy to climme but smothe plaine and delectable worthy and mete to be sanctified with the blood of the blessed Martyr vnto the the top where of when he was ascended he required of God to giue him water and strayt there arose a spryng of fayer water before his feete whereby all might perceaue that the riuer before was by his meanes dried For he which left no water in the riuer would not haue required it in the topp of the mowntaine but that it was so expedient for the glory of God in his holy martyr For beholde the riuer hauing obeyed the Martyr and serued his deuotion leauing behinde a testimony of duty and obedience the Martyr hauing now suffered returned to his nature againe Here therfore this most valiaunt martyr being behedded receiued the crowne of life which God promiseth to them that loue him But he which there tooke vppon him to doe that wicked execution had short ioy of his naughty deede for his eyes fel vnto the ground with the head of the holy martyr There also was behedded the souldiour which being called of God refused to stryke the holy confessor of God of whom it is open and playne that though he was not Christened in the fount yet he was baptised iu the bath of his owne blud and so made worthy to enter in to the kingdome of heuen Now the iudge seing so many straunge and heuenly miracles wrought by this holy martyr gaue commaundement that the persecution should cease beginning to honour in the sayntes of God the constant and pacient suffering of death by the which he thought at first to bring them from the deuotion of their fayth S. Albane suffered his martyrdome the xx day of Iune nigh vnto the citte of Verolamium Where after the Christiane churche being quietly calmed and setteled againe there was a temple buylded of a meruailous rich worke and worthy for suche a martyrdome In the which place truly euen vnto this day ar syck persons cured and many miracles wrought There suffered also about that time Aarō and Iulius towne dwellers of the citty of Leicester and many other both men and wemen in sundry places which after diuerse fell and cruell torments sustayned in al partes of their bodies by perfitt victory atcheued by pacience yelded their soules vnto the ioyse of heauen How that after this persecution ceased the church of Britanny was sumwhat quiet vntill the time of the Arrians heresies The. 8. Chap. AFter that the stormes of this persecution wer ouerblowen the faithfull christians which in time of daunger lay hid in dennes and desertes cometh furth and sheweth them selues abrode reneweth their churches which before were ouerthrowen flatt to the grownd foundeth buyldeth and perfiteth new temples in honor of the holy Martyrs celebrateth holy dayse doth consecrate the holy mysteries with pure mouth● and harte and euery where as it wer displayeth their ensignes in signe of conqueste And this peace continued in the church of Christ in Britanny vntill the fury of the Arrians heresies which rūnyng thorough out the world corrupted also with his venemous errors this Ilād though situat out of the cōpasse of the world Now whē that once by this meanes heresy had once found an open vent to passe ouer the Ocean sea in to this Iland shortly after all manner of heresies flowed in to the sayd land and was there receiued of the inhabitants as being men deliting euer to heare newe things and stedfastly retaining nothing as certaine About this time died Constantius in Britanny which in Dioclesians life time gouerned Fraunce and Spaine a man very milde and of much courtesy He left Cōstantine his son by Helene his cōcubine created emperour of Fraunce Eutropius writeth that Cōstantine being created emperour in Britanny succeded his father in the kyngdome In whose time the heresy of the Arrians springing and being discouered and condemned in the councell of Nice did neuerthelesse infecte not only the other partes of the world but also the very churches of the Ilands with deathly doctrine and pestilent infidelite How that in the time of Gracian the Emperour Maximus being created Emperour in Britāny returned in to France with a great army The. 9. Chap. THe yere of the incarnation of our Lord 377. Gratian the 40. Emperour after August raygned vj. yeres after the death of Valens though a litle while before he raigned also with Valens his vncle and Valentinian his brother Which seing the state of the commen welth miserably plagued and nigh altogether decayed was drouen of nece●site for the better repairing of the sayd decaise to choose vnto him Theodosius a Spanyard borne to be his partener in gouernance of the Empire comitting vnto him the regiment of the ●aste and also of Thracia In which time one Maximus a vahaūt mā and a good and worthy of the Imperiall crowne had it not ben that contrary to his othe and allegeance he tooke vpon him by tyranny to be Emperour in Britanny half in maner against his will being created Emperour of the army passed ouer in to Fraunce Where he slewe Gratian the Emperour being circumuented by subtile wiles and sodenly stolen vppon ere he were ware as he was in minde to passe in to Italy After that also he chased Valentiniā the other partener of the empire out of Italy Valentinian flieng for succour in to the easte and there with all fatherly piete being receiued of Theodosius was by his helpe strayt wayse restored vnto the empire Maximus the tyran being shutt vp by seige with in the walles of Aquilegia and there shortly after taken and slayne How that Aradius being Emperour Pelagius
a Brittain made wicked battail against the grace of God The. 10. Chap. THe yere of our Lord 394. Arcadius son vnto Theodosius with his brother Honorius being the xliij Emperour after August raigned xiij yeres In whose time Pelagius a Britan borne disperkled the venim of his faithlesse doctrine very far abroad holding that a man might liue well without the helpe of the grace of God vsing herein the ayde of Iulianus of Campania who was intemperatly sturred with the losse of his byshoprick To whom S. Austen and other catholick fathers also hath aunswered in most ample māner but yet they would not be amended therby But being conuicted of their falshed they rather would encrease it by defending and mainteining it then amend it by retourning to the truth How that Honorius being Emperour Gratian and Constantine vsurped tyranny in Britanny where the first shortly after was slayne and the other in Fraunce The. 11. Chap. THe yere of our Lord 407. Honorius son of Theodosius the younger being emperour in the 44. place after August ij yere before that Rome was iuuaded by Alaricus Kyng of the Gothes when the nations of the Alanes the Sue●es and the Vandalls and many such other with them the frenchmen being beaten downe passing the Rhene raiged thorough out al Fraunce about that time Gratianus in Britāny is created tyrā and is slayne In his place Constantine being but a cōmon souldiour was chosen only for the names sake with out any desert of vertu which so sone as he had taken vppon him the empire passed ouer in to Fraunce where being ofte deluded of the barbarous nations as vnwisely and vncertainly making his leage with them greatly endomaged the common welth Wher vpō Honorius sending Constantius the Counte in to Fraunce with an army Constantine was beseiged at Arells and there taken and slayne and Gerontius his partener slew his son Cōstans at Vienna whom of a mōke he had made emprour Rome was destroyd of the Gothes the 1164. yere after it was buylded After which time the Romans lefte to rule in Britāny after almost 470. yeres that C. Iulius Caesar first entered the sayd I le The Romanes dwelt with in the trench which as we haue sayd Seuerus drew ouerthwart the Ilād at the south part which thing may appeare by the citties temples bridges and paued stretes to this day remayning Not withstanding they had in possession and vnder their dominion the farder partes of Britanny and also the Ilandes which ar abo●e Britanny How the Britannes being spoyled of the Scottes and the Pictes sought ayde of the Romans which at the second time of their comming buylded a wall betwene the ij countries but they shortly after were oppressed with greater miseres then euer they wer in before The. 12. Chap. BY meanes the sayd tyrannes and capitaines of the Romans did vse to transport with them ouer in to Fraunce the flower of all the youthe of Britanny to serue them in their forayne warres their men of warre wer consumed and the country being all disarmed was not now able to defend them selues against the inuasion of their enemies Where vppon many yeares together they liued vnder the miserable seruage and oppression of ij most cruell outlandish nations the Scottes and the Pictes I cal them outlandish not for that they wer out of the circuit of Britanne but that they wer diuided from the land of Britanny by ij armes of the sea running betwext them of the which one frō the easte sea the other from the west rūneth in far and wyde in to the land of Britanny though they may one reach to the other In the middle of the east creeke there is a citte buylded called Guidi Aboue the west creeke towarde the right hand standeth a citte called Alcuith which in their language is as much to say as the Rock Cluith for it standeth by a fludd of the same name The Britannes then being thus afflicted by the sayd nations sent their embassadours wyth letters vnto Rome wyth lamentable supplications requiring of them ayde and succour promising them their continuall fea●te so that they would reskue them against the oppression of their sayd enemies where vppon there was sent vnto them a legion of armed souldiours from Rome which commyng in to the iland and encountering wyth the enemies ouerthrew a great number of them and draue the rest owt of the fruntiers of the coūtry and so setting them at liberte and fre from the misery wyth which they wer before so greuously ouercharged coūseled them to make a wall betwene th● ij seas which might be of force to kepe out their euill neyghboures and that don they returned home with great triumph But the Britons buylding the wall which they wer bid to make not of stone as they wer willed but of turue as hauing none among them that had skyll there in made it so slender that it serued them to litle purpose This walle they made betwen the ij sayd armes or creekes of the sea many myles longe that wher as the fense of the water lacked there by the helpe of the trēch they might kepe their country from the breakyng in of their ennemies Of which pece of wurke there remayneh euen vnto this day most assured tokens yet to be seene This trench begynneth about two myles of from the monastery of AEbercuring Westward in a place which in the Pictes language is called Peanuakel and in English is called Penwelt and runnyng owt eastward is ended by the citty of Al●luith But the former enemies when they had once perceiued that the Roman legion was returned home againe furth with being sett on land by boates inuadeth the borders ouercometh the countrey and as it wer corne reddy to be cutt they moweth beateth and beareth downe all before them Where vpon Ambasadours be sent agayne to Rome wyth lamentable voyce requiring their succour beseching them they would not suffer their miserable country to be vtterly destroyed nor permitt that the name of the prouince which thorow them had so long ●lorished should now thus despirefully be extingueshid by the wycked crueltie of their forayne people Agayn there is sent an other legion which in the h●●●est time comyng vpon the sodayne made a great slawghter of the enemies and such as could eskape chased them ouer the seas in to their owne conntry which before wer wont to waste and spoyle the country of Britanny wythout resistance Then the Romans toulde the Brytans playne that it was not for their ease to take any more such trauaylous iourneis for their defence and bydd them to practise their armour them selues and learne to wythstande their enemy whom nothing els did make so strong but their faynt and cowardous hartes And forsomuch they thought that wold be sum helpe and strength vnto their loyal fellowes whom they wer now forced to forsake they buylded vp a walle of hard stone from sea to sea a right betwene the two citties