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A94081 An essay in defence of the good old cause, or A discourse concerning the rise and extent of the power of the civil magistrate in reference to spiritual affairs. With a præface concerning [brace] the name of the good old cause. An equal common-wealth. A co-ordinate synod. The holy common-wealth published lately by Mr. Richard Baxter. And a vindication of the honourable Sir Henry Vane from the false aspersions of Mr. Baxter. / By Henry Stubbe of Ch. Ch. in Oxon. Stubbe, Henry, 1632-1676.; Stubbe, Henry, 1632-1676. Vindication of that prudent and honourable knight, Sir Henry Vane, from the lyes and calumnies of Mr. Richard Baxter, minister of Kidderminster. 1659 (1659) Wing S6045; Thomason E1841_1; ESTC R209626 97,955 192

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were all Saducees Montag exercit 3. § 1. The Pharisees and Sadducees both frequented the same Assemblies and Synagogues and offered sacrfiices in the same temple at Jerusalem The Essenes they admitted providence to govern all things and professed the immortality of the Soul They sent gifts to the temple but did not Sacrafice there but privately amongst themselves as makeing use of different Ceremonies thereat and so being excluded the publique Temple Their other customes and course of life as well as petite opinions in matters religious represent them to have been of unspotted life grave reservedly superstitious and in a word the Quakers of their Age. All these were tollerated in those dayes besides the multiplicity of Nations recounted Act. 2. v. 9. c. which were neither Jewes nor Jewish Proselytes in any kind viz. who will believe the Romans did not retain their Religion then in Judea After the settlement of the Church of Christ by his Apostles there is not a word of persecution and suppressing dissenters Heretiques beginning as Hegesippus tells us after the Apostles death till then the Church was an immaculate Virgin whilest infallible expositours of the will of God revealed in his word were alive Of this see what I say and prove in the close of my discourse of the Toleration under Constantine following After that they lived together Christianity being a profession of a compass much narrower then it is now even that Creed called the Apostles being shorter then it is now represented They which by a voluntary submission to Church-discipline democratically administred were joyned unto the people of God such upon defaults they excommunicated from their society over them that were without they exercised no power and over them that were within there highest processe was unto an Anathema which did not signifie any curse but as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifies a place so 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a removall from such a place Salmas ad Solin or an excommunication So that If any man love not the Lord Jesus Christ let him be Anathema Maranatha 1. Cor. 16.22 denotes onely for the height of impiety for the denyall of our Lord Jesus for that I suppose is meant by not loving him the Apostles determination is let him be outed the Church or assembly of God and for further punishment The Lord will come Maranatha that is God will punish him or judge him For what have I to do to judge them that are without Them that are without God shall judge Therefore put away from among your selves that wicked person Here is not a word of the civill Magistrate that he should judge them or punish them So Matth. 18. v. 17. if a brother after sundry private admonitions refuse to hear the Church let him be unto thee as an Heathen man and a publican So that the highest processe in Church censures doth not put a man into a worse condition then Heathens and publicans who yet were tolerated amongst the Jews and it was the Pharisee that blamed Christ for accompanying with them The Heathen were not to be excluded civill society since to them a Jew might put out money to use which he might not do to another Jew yea there might be a stranger within their houses as I have already said in reference to their proselyti domicilii How the Christians were persecuted under Heathen Emperours all our Martyrologyes tell us but I know not any that say they did well therein though if it be his duty to be a Nursing Father unto Truth it is meant not of what is materially and in it self so but of what is so formally and unto him such so that they may be pittyed for their mistakes in judgment but not blamed for their miscarryage in such their practise They punished them not as Christians and professing a doctrine revealed from Heaven by Christ the Author and finisher of their Salvation but as Atheists down-right Atheists such accusation is layed to their charge and even so they are called by Julian the Apostate in his works besides they were punished as factious and seditious and such as intended the overthrow of the Roman Empire by a personall reign of Christ in an earthly Kingdome and glory which was the generall opinion of the primitive Christians in so much as Justin Martyr will not allowe him to be orthodox if I may so render 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who did not imbrace that opinion Yea in their Acts and Monuments we find such passages B. Marcus Evangelista primus Christi Martyr c. imperante Claudio Nerone Caesare nobis autem Christianis imperante domino nostro Jesu Christo And Martyrio coronatus est S. Christi Sabinus 3. idus Martii regnante impio Diocletiano imò verò domino nostro Jesu Christo many more of the like nature might be alledged out of Blondell de formulâ regnante Christo And Eusebius Histor l. 3. c. 15. cireth it out of Hegesippus that Domitian ceased his persecution against the Christians when he heard that the Kingdom of Christ was to be in Heaven and not on earth I come now to speak of the Christian Emperours 〈◊〉 they demeaned themselves after that the power was come into their hands Take one proof in generall of what Toleration men had untill the middle almost of Justinian's reign who ruled about the Year 530. Procopius a diligent writer and observer of transactions in those times in which he lived recordeth it in his secret History p. 51. That in the Roman empire there were many Heresies Sects of Christians As the Montanists Sabbatians and others And that the Arians lived in such splendour and pompe that their temples were so rich as nothing in all the Roman Dominions might compare therewith NO EMPEROUR HAVING EVER MOLESTED THEM 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 There were also Samaritans Jews and Gentiles 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Heathens in great numbers as the same Procopius Jo. Mallela c. And Dr. Rives writing against Alemannus the publisher of that Procopius granting that there were in those days Manichees Samaritans Arians c. addeth that All they had publique temples every where and those too richly adorned erant quidem Alemanne fateor illud addo eas fuisse haereses quae non in Ecclesiae ritibus non in praeceptis hominum non in decretis Pontificum vel tollendis vel minuendis laborabant sed quae Jesu Christi personam hoc est fidei salutis nostrae fundamentum aliae aliis sed omnes nefandis rationibus subruere tollere cogitabant S●● tamen TEMPLA FANA UBIQVE locorum possidebant Illa vero presertim quae Arianorum furori serviebant auro argento gemmisque pretiosis lapidibus omni denique Divitiarum opum genere abundabant So Zosimus a learned but Pagan writer who in the time of Honorius the Emperour lived and attained notwithstanding his religion to the dignity of being Comes Exadvocatus fisci relateth it how that