As for example If one of their Priests should pronounce the words of Consecration in the Lord's Supper and not intend to consecrate the Bread then 't is no Sacrament but the Bread remains bare Bread still because he did not intend to consecrate it I pray you remember this for I shall have occasion to mention it again hereafter So when any Bishop says the words for ordaining a Priest and doth not intend really to ordain they say he is no Priest So when an Archbishop seeming to consecrate another Bishop says the words but doth not intend his Consecration then they believe this Man is not hereby really made Bishop the words without the intention having no effect From hence 't is evident That if the Bishop that consecrated the Pope did not intend to make him Bishop he is none or if the Bishop that consecrated that Bishop that consecrated the Pope did not intend it then he was no Bishop and consequently could not consecrate a Bishop he being none himself So that going back from Bishop to Bishop if one of a hundred in process of time hath failed of intention then there can be no assurance that this Man is really a Bishop and Pope Now considering how many devilish wicked Bishops have been among them 't is more than probable some one of them hath minded the business of his Consecration no more than a Horse nay perchance in the wickedness of his heart hath laughed at that thing as a meer foppery as that blasphemous devilish Pope laughing said O quantum nobis profuit haec Fabula Christi What mighty advantage hath that Fable of Christ brought unto us But whether he really intended Consecration or no that being in the secret of his own heart alone is impossible to be known by another 'T is then most evident we cannot possibly have any assurance that such a Mâ—n is a Priest Bishop Pope and St. Peter's Successor and if he be not St. Peter's Successor then his Determinations signifie nothing as the Papists confess Where then is their assurance of any Pope's â—nfallibility having no assurance that he is Pope Bishop or Priest Can any Man think Gods infinite Goodness and Providence would leave hiâ— Church in so great distraction as the Papist s belief of their Pope's Infallibility embroils us in No certainly but God hath left us a short and safe way his holy Scripture in searching of which with sincerity and humility we shall be sure to find eternal life for God resisteth the proud and giveth grace to the humble I have a desire to go yet a little farther And let us suppose there were Infallibility settled in the Church of Rome I desire to know particularly where 't is to be found Here we shall find the Papists at a great stand Some say 'T is in the Pope alone some in a General Council alone some say in Pope and Council together Nay some will farther tell you That whether Pope or Council or both together decree any thing yet that Decree is not obligatory in any National Church as for example in the Church of France unless the Church of France have approved and received that Council You see at what a loss we are still for Infallibility they themselves are not agreed where 't is to be found But certainly of these three several Opinions I pass over the fourth it is most rational and coherent to their first Principle That the Infallibility is fixed in the Pope whom they all grant to be St. Peter's Successor for this Infallibility being originally granted to St. Peter 't is most coherent to this that it should descend to his Successor Besides they that would have it in the Pope and Council together say That the Pope only hath the power to call General Councils and to confirm the Decrees of the Councils so that if he doth not both call and confirm all the Decrees they are of no force nor any obliged to submit to them And thus in effect this Infallibility determines in the Pope alone the Council signifying nothing without him And then if this Infallibility be residing in the Pope I pray you remember what I told you but now the impossibility of assurance of any man's being rightly Pope which requires so many assuring Circumstances But now after all these innumerable difficulties and perplexities to find out where this Infallibility lies I meet with another grand difficulty yea as great as all these put together For if we consider what strange horrid wicked Creatures have been Popes since the Creation of the World there have not been persons more abominably and devillishly wicked what possible assurance then can be found sufficient to make us believe the Infallible Spirit of the Holy Ghost inhabits in such Dens of uncleanness and cruelty as the Breasts of such detestable Monsters of Iniquity To believe the high incomprehensible mystery of our Saviour s incarnation That the Omnipotent Divine Nature and the weak Nature of Man are united in one Person of Christ is sure a thing of very hard belief and requires the express Word of God to make us to submit and captivate our understandings in obedience to it What then can be sufficient to make us believe this so extreamly contrary to all reason That the All-glorious and All-holy Spirit of God and the spirit of the Devil should be united in the heart of such abominable Popes What can captivate our hearts to this belief I confess we are to submit to God's Word though it seem ever so contrary to reason I dare not say otherwise But then I beg leave to say That I may require to see the Word of God for this as plainly and as expresly as we see the Sun in a clear Sky at Noon Gideon as it is set forth Iudg. vi after that God had plainly declared unto him by an Angel That he should conquer the Midianites and had confirmed his Word by that miracle of Fire rising out of the Rock and consuming the Sacrifice yet presumed to require of God a farther assurance by a Miracle of Dew filling a Fleece of Wool yea and after that a third Miracle of having the Fleece dry and all the ground wet round about it and the great goodness of God hearkened to him in all I hope then the infinite goodness of God would not be angry if I should desire one two or three evident assurances to make me believe a thing to humane reason far more impossible than his conquering the Midianites God was graciously pleased to assure us by his beloved Disciple St. Iohn of the Incarnation of his Eternal Son that he had heard and 〈◊〉 â—nd looked upon the Original word is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies consideringly to observe yea and his hands had handled the Word of Life all which put together is as compleat an assurance as can be imagined and all this to assure us of the Union of the two Natures Divine and Humane in one Person as I
as the Iews people and Priests also erred and so grosly erred as to become Idolaters yet the Oracles they bare never erred so we may too truly say to the proud boasting Papists their whole Church Pope Princes People have and do all err and so grosly err as to be guilty of great Idolatry worshipping and praying and thereby giving Gods glory to Saints and Angels to Pictures and Images This is most rationally and learnedly proved by Dr. Stillingfleet now the Reverend Dean of St. Pauls and most practically and palpably shewed in a small Book Intitled A Letter to a Friend concerning Popish Idolatry which in one hours reading fully declares it Of which Letter I will say only this That I am sure all there set down is truth for with my own eyes I have seen all having lived many years abroad amongst them But I grant they are not all practised here in England for two reasons First They would be ashamed to set up Pictures and Images here publickly to worship in the face of the Gospel-Sunshine where very Children would deride them And Secondly the Laws and Government would not suffer them Wherefore to conclude this point whoever reads the Gospel and by that examines the Doctrines of the Romish Church shall see that she is not the infallible Church she is pretended to be as plainly as you see the Moon is not the Sun you will discover such foul black spots in her face as may assure you she is not that beautiful beloved Spouse set forth in the Canticles for she hath so foully erred against the truth of the Gospel in several things which I have formerly laid before you as makes it most evident that she is neither truth nor so much as the pillar of truth but the pillar of error stifly mainteining several errors and doth not so much as hold forth the Gospel of truth to teach the people the way to Heaven but shuts it up from the people that she may lead them blindfold into error And so much be spoken concerning this Text The Church is the pillar and ground of the truth If any man can give a better exposition of this Text I shall be glad to learn it of him but I am sure the Papists have not yet by all that ever I saw or heard of They bring us another Text much like this Matth. the last Chapter where Christ sends forth his Disciples to teach all Nations promising to be with them in teaching unto the end of the world This Text I fully answered in my last Sermon Moreover these words being spoken by our Saviour to all the Apostles in general and their Successors of necessity gives equal Commission to them all and therefore makes more against the superiority of the Romish Church than for it for by this all Churches planted by other Apostles have the same promise The Papists therefore have one Scripture more which they urge particularly for their Church but it hath been so oft disputed and so fully confuted by whole Volumes of our Writers as a man would wonder to see them like Cats knockt down and quite dead in all appearance yet rise up again with this Text in their mouths It is this Thou art Peter and upon this rock will I build my Church and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it Matt. xvi 18. As to this I shall give you the heads only of several answers as plainly and briefly as may be for your more easie remembrance But I pray you still remember what we are searching Scripture for and that is a plain easie rule to determine all doubts that may arise in matters of faith And certainly this Text is not such but as far or farther from that than the former for 't is a figurative speech all along it speaks of building on a rock and the gates of Hell of binding and loosing almost every word a figure and the greatest Doctors and Fathers of the Church have disputed very variously about it the Papists cannot deny it and therefore this cannot be a plain easie rule to clear doubtful matters it being so doubtful in it self Let us now hear what the Text it self saith Thou art Peter and upon this rock I will build my Church and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it Is here any one word that the Church shall be infallible and cannot err The gates of Hell shall not prevail against the Church therefore say they she cannot err The veriest dunce in the University would be ashamed to make such ridiculous consequences Put the case God had promised the King of England that the French King should not prevail against him must it therefore follow that 't is impossible the French King should set foot upon English ground or kill any one of our Kings Subjects or take any of his Ships Rare nonsence Many Princes after several battels lost much of their Country invaded yet have prevailed and driven out the Enemy many a man after several wounds received hath prevailed and killed his Adversary Let then the Papists go and learn what that means The seed of the woman shall bruise thy head and thou shalt bruise his heel Gen. iii. 15. The seed of the Woman crushed the Head of Satan and prevailed against the gates of Hell though the Prince thereof bruised and wounded him in the heel Many errors and Heresies have bruised and wounded the Church yet have not prevailed to destroy it the vitals the fundamentals have still been preserved That profession of Peter whereon Christ built his Church was Thou art Christ the Son of the living God This saith hath still been preserved in the Church the gates of Hell never could prevail against it This is all our Saviour here promised and this he hath ever to this day made good and will assuredly make good to the end of the world But put the case these words The gates of Hell shall not prevail against the Church did imply some infallibility promised to the Church in general yet how come the Papists to challenge this insallibility to the Church of Rome and deprive all other Churches of it Why say they Christ here promises to build his Church on St. Peter 'T is false the Text doth not say Thou art Peter and upon thee will I build my Church but Upon this rock will I build my Church and that rock was Christ 1 Cor. x. 4. Christ the Son of the Living God whom Peter professed on this rock was the Church built But suppose yet farther that our Saviour had promised he would build his Church on Peter what then Yet not on him alone for St. Paul tells us Eph. ii 19 20. That the House of God which is the Church of God is built upon the foundation of the Apostles and Prophets Christ Iesus himself being the chief corner stone built upon other Apostles and Prophets also as well as on Peter but chiefly on Christ himself And then for those words Binding and
said before and yet the Divine and Humane Natures are not so extreamly opposite as the Spirit of God and the spirit of the Devil May we not then in all humility desire to hea to see narrowly observe yea and handle with our hands some fiâ—m Evidence of this Union of the Spirit of God and the spirit of the Devil in the heart of Pope Alexander the sixth guilty of Rapine Murther Incest and all other Abominatiâ—ns imaginable Let then the Papists shew us from St. Iohn or some other Apostle some such full Evidence as this of St. Iohn for this incredible Union and I shall submit but certainly never till I hear see and handle it let them believe what they please Having thus as I suppose given you sufficient reasons to take you off from so long a Journey as to Rome to consult his infallible Holiness the Pope Perchance you will ask me to whom then you are to make your address for the determination of such doubts and disputes as may arise in matters of Religion Hath God left his Church without any Head to guide and govern it No certainly we have a Head and Guide Infallible Christ Jesus our Lord. But he is in Heaven we cannot ascend thither nor must we expect miraculous Voices from thence to answer us I grant it for there is no need Hearken to St. Paul Rom. x. 6 7 8 9. Say not in thine heart who shall ascend into Heaven that is to bring Christ down from above Or who shall descend into the deep that is to bring up Christ again from the dead But what saith it The Word is nigh thee even in thy mouth and in thy heart that is the Word of faith which we preach That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Iesus and shalt believe in thine heart That God hath raised him from the dead thou shalt be saved You have Christ s Word at hand God be blessed for it 't is daily before you If thou shalt confess with thy mouth and believe with thy heart what is there plainly set forth thou shalt be saved You have God's Word for it in several places as I have shewed you and that there is nothing more necessary to be believed and if you will not believe God's Word in this you will not believe though one rose from the dead nor though an Angel descended from Heaven And as for doubts and disputes there is no need lay them by nay there is hurt in them for they gender strife of words from whence cometh envy railings evil surmisings 1 Tim. vi 4. I have often told you What is necessary is plain without dispâ—te But you will say The common people do not understand half no◠〈◊〉 quarter of the Scripture as it there lies What then Then 't is necessary to instruct them further In the Name of God do so make them understond as much as you can of Scripture the more the better though not necessary And I dare affirm That whoever believes explicitely as much as he understands of Scripture though it be not the hundredth part of it and believes all the rest implicitly that is believes all the rest to be true because God spake it and also practises according to that he doth understand that man shall be saved And this I will undertake to make good against all the Wise and Disputers of the World But if any man will be contentious we have no such custom nor the Churches of God 1 Cor. xi 16. T is probable you may Object It often happens that Disputes do arise both among the People and among the Priests also and though the things disputed be not necessary yet 't is necessary to have some of Authority to determine and compose them otherwise great Disorders and Tumults may follow No doubt but restless and perversespirited men will raise Disputes and Troubles where there is no ground for them yet there will be no need to determine the truth on either side but rather to compel both Parties to peace and quiet that neither cause disturbance to Church or State and this belongs to the Civil Magistrate and his Authority For 't is not the determination of Priests or Pope will keep such busie-bodies quiet they will as readily dispute their determination Was it not so in the Arian dispute which was determined by that famous Council of Nice yea and confirmed also by the Emperor's Decree yet all without effect the Arians stifly maintaining their Opinion hundreds of years after We see then that Determinations are as fruitless as needless But in the first three hundred years of Christianity there was no 〈…〉 of Faith but the Scripture alone neither did any Man or any Assembly of Men after the Apostles take upon them to determine any new matter of Faith though there were several Heresies started in those days The Pastors of the Church only preached the Scripture and required Men's Obedience to that they that refused were excluded the Congregation and Society of the Faithful and they proceeded no farther If it be answered That all the Princes of the World were then Heathens by reason whereof no General Councils could be called to determine more though ever so requisite I answer let us then see when that great General Council of Nice was called under Constantine a Christian Emperor what they determined The Church then had three hundred years experience to find out what was wanting and composed another Creed for all the World yet added no new Article of Faith to that called the Apostles Creed but only explained some things in that more fully and whoever believed and subscribed to that Creed passed for an Orthodox a true believing Christian. Doubtless so many Learned and Godly Bishops would not omit any thing necessary to Man's Salvation Let us then hold fast to that for now I hope all was compleated The Bishop of Rome as well as other Bishops approved and subscribed to this We all profess that Nicene Creed and if that Creed was sufficient to save all Christians then sure it will save all Christians now Why then do they require us now to believe more Purgatory praying to Saints and a thousand other things whereof there is no mention in the Nicene Creed or Council The Papists will answer Because many oppose them now but nobody opposed them before the Council of Nice They answer most truly no man opposed them before and why because no man professed them before These are new matters of a later hatching no man in these days so much as dream't of such things But 't is not at all to our purpose whether any then professed them or any opposed them for be they true or be they false there is no necessity to believe them This is true or else all the Bishops of that Council were fowly to blame in not putting them into their Creed from whence 't is evident they thought them not necessary then and so may we safely think now But the
beseech you tell me from whence sprang this mighty Headship of the Pope to be Lord of the whole World Successors as Successors can challenge no more Authority than their Predecessors had If the present Bishop of Salisbury hath no Authority over the Bishop of Lincoln certainly Salisburies Successor can have none over Lincolns Successor And so Saint Peter having no Lordship over S. Iohn nor any other Apostle Peter's Successor can have none over their Successors this is clear How then Did Christ ever come again upon Earth to establish this Headship or Did an Angel come from Heaven to do it Though I must tell you should an Angel come from Heaven and preach any other Doctrine than what is in Scripture we are fully warranted not to receive it But if neither Christ nor Angel nor any one Scripture declare this Headship is it not a most unreasonable thing to require us to believe this as a matter absolutely necessary to Salvation and to believe it with as full assurance as we believe Christ was born of the Virgin or that Christ was Crucified and that he rose from the dead Let them shew us then in such plain Scripture words that the Pope is to be Head of the Church that the Church of Rome shall be Infallible unto the worlds end that we are to receive all her Doctrines as the Oracles of God or that in the Church of Rome we have Eternal Life Let them but shew us some promise some command plain like this and we shall readily submit really we should be heartily glad to see it it would save us much trouble But beloved you all know there is nothing like this in all the Scripture How then dare any man venture the eternal salvation of his Soul and in obedience to the Church of Rome practise things so apparently contrary to Gods Commands as to worship Images pray unto Saints receive the Sacrament of the Lords Supper in one kind and such like as I mentioned formerly I know there are in the writings of several Fathers many expressions which highly magnifie the Authority of the Church in general and some for the Church of Rome in particular all which signifie very little if you consider the circumstances and motives for their so speaking When the Church was infested with Heresies the Orthodox Fathers disputing with them used all the Arguments they could to reduce them to the Truth but perverse men not hearkening to their reasons their last and pressing Argument was the Authority of the Church which they set forth with great lustre to make the Argument more powerful and force their submission unto it And because the generality of the Church in those days by Gods blessing was not yet infected with errors they urged the Authority and true belief of the Universal Church to reclaim the particular Heretical Churches from their Error and the most general Language being then Greek they used the word Catholick which in that Language signifies Universal and hence arose the phrase of the Catholick Church Moreover it pleased God to preserve the Roman Church in the true Faith with great Zeal and Piety for many years their Bishops being successively Martyr'd by the Heathen Emperors and their Officers at Rome And their true Faith being celebrated also in Scripture by S. Paul it was magnified by the true believing Fathers of other Churches as Antioch Ephesus Constantinople Alexandria c. that it might the more move the Heretical Members of their Churches to conform unto it telling them how S. Peter and S. Paul the two great Pillars of the Church were Martyr'd there and therefore they ought to believe no Error could enter that Church which was so sanctified with the blood of those two great Apostles and divers other famous Martyrs All which they uttered with great zeal that they might make the unbelievers to reverence it the more and submit unto it As when two of our Lawyers differ in opinion he that hath the Lord Chief Justice Coke on his side will magnifie him as such an Oracle of the Law that could not err and say all that his wit can invent to set it forth it doth not therefore follow that he seriously thinks Coke to have been infallible no more do these sayings of the Fathers conclude the Roman Church to be infallible as I shall now shew you by one Example sufficient to satisfie any man without farther trouble S. Cyprian was a Bishop and Martyr of the true Catholick Church as famous for Learning and Sanctity as for his Faith and Martyrdom he wrote a zealous Tract for the unity of the Church wherein he uttered those sayings which the Papists have so frequently in their mouths Habere non potest Deum Patrem qui Ecclesiam non habet Matrem he cannot have God for his Father who will not have the Church for his Mother And As no man was saved out of Noah ' s Ark so no man can be saved out of the Church Which being spoken by so great a man seem to carry great Authority with them But if I might freely speak my mind I would say of them that they are fine flourishing sentences sounding handsomely to the ear but cannot much satisfie a mans reason unless he had clearly exprest what he means by the word Ecclesia Church I know full well what the Papists mean by it they mean the Bishop of Rome and his Clergy and all those that are of his Faith and Communion and believe that no man can be saved that is not in that Communion And this is with them the Mother Church and Noah's Ark. But I shall now plainly shew that S. Cyprian meant no such thing for in the beginning of this Tract he declares that St. Peter whom the Papists would needs have to be the Founder of their Church had no Authority over the rest of the Apostles and Churches founded by them but that all the Apostles were of equal honour and authority Pari consortio praediti honoris potestatis Which saying he fully confirmed by his practice which is the clearest exposition of a mans meaning for a great dispute arising between him and Stephen the Bishop of Rome about Rebaptizing those which were Christned in Heretical Churches S. Cyprian declared his Judgment was for Rebaptizing Stephen declares the contrary and both parties adhering stifly to their own opinions the dispute grew so high that Cyprian held a Council of all the African Bishops and there Decreed that they ought to be Rebaptized for there being but one Baptism which was to be had only in the true Church the Heretical Baptism being done out of the true Church was no Baptism Here 't is plain S. Cyprian meant by the word Church his Church and all that were in Communion with him Stephen on the other side calls a Council at Rome and there Decrees that the Heretical Baptism being performed in due manner though the Priest Baptizing were an Heretick out of the Church yet the Baptism
of Truth and the way of Error the way of Godliness and the way of Iniquity the way of Life and the way of Death I most humbly and most earnestly beseech our most Gracious God for his Son Christ Iesus's sake to give you a right understanding in all things and to preserve you continually in the way of Truth Holiness Righteousness and Life Everlasting Amen THE END A SUPPLEMENT To the PRECEDING SERMONS TOGETHER WITH A TRACT concerning the Holy Sacrament OF THE Lords Supper Promised in the PREFACE By the Right Reverend Father in God HERBERT Lord Bishop of HEREFORD London Printed for Charles Harper 1679. A SUPPLEMENT To the Preceding SERMONS IN the Preceding Sermons I have proved these six things 1. That by God's special appointment all persons are to read and learn the Scriptures for their Edification in Faith and good Life and therefore 't is both foolish and impious for vain Man to take upon him to give reasons why the People should not read them 2. The reason of this because that in the Scriptures we have eternal life as our Saviour tells us which St. Paul explicates more particularly saying That they make us wise unto salvation that is they teach us all things necessary for our belief and they throughly furnish us unto all good works that is they teach us all things requisite for good life And these things the Scriptures compleatly contain in themselves without any Humane Doctrines so that if there were no other Writings nor Instructions in the World but the Scriptures alone yet we should not want any thing necessary to eternal life 3. That we are not to believe any thing with Divine Faith but what is clearly contained in Scripture for such a belief is a Duty belonging to God alone and 't is the greatest and most acceptable Duty and Sacrifice we can perform unto God to captivate our understandings in Obedience to Faith in God and therefore to give this principal Divine Service unto Man is high Idolatry and consequently to believe in the Apostles themselves had been great Idolatry had not Christ fully assured us That they should have the Holy Ghost to guide them into all Truth So that to speak properly we do not believe in the Apostles and Prophets but in God the Holy Ghost speaking in them And for this reason we find St. Paul very wary in distinguishing and declaring to the people what he delivered as from the Lord and what he delivered as from himself though he was perswaded he had the Spirit of the Lord even in that But yet no clear and full assurance that it was spoken directly by the Lord. Nay our blessed Saviour himself though God and Man yet would not have us believe in him as Man and therefore assures us That the words he spake were not his but the Father's speaking by him 4. I have proved that we have not any clear and full assurance from God That any Assembly of Men or Church since the Apostles are infallibly guided by the Holy Ghost into all Truth and therefore to believe in any Assembly of Men or Church without this full assurance of the Holy Ghost's speaking in them is Idolatry also for by such a belief you pay them the greatest Divine Worship 5. Though we should grant That some promise of Infallibility were made in Scripture to the Church yet this must include the Laity as well as the Clergy for the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which we translate Church is always set in Scripture for the Congregation of the Faithful and is not once set for the Clergy distinct from the Laity But there is no such thing as Infallibility granted to any neither Priests nor People nor both together 6. Grant yet farther that the word Church in Scripture should signifie the Clergy and a promise of Infallibility made to them as Successors to the Apostles yet the same Promise being made and the same Authority given to all the Apostles alike the Successor of St. Peter and his Clergy cannot from hence challenge any more Infallibility than the Successors of the other Apostles with their Clergy and Church But the Papists deny this Infallibility to other Churches Certainly then other Churches may as well deny it to them All these things I have proved But now for a fuller conviction of the Papists and perchance for better satisfaction to some others I have a mind to grant yet farther That Christ made some particular Promise to St. Peter above the other Apostles yea and to St. Peter's Successors also 't is impossible from Scripture to prove either of these but let it pass so let us now see how the Papists can from hence fix this Infallibility to the Bishop of Rome and his Churches For I have shewed you from Scripture which doubtless is of better Authority than any Writings the Papists can bring for St. Peter that Rome was comprised in St. Paul's Jurisdiction and that he lived and preached and suffered there But we will pass over this also and yield to St. Peter's Jurisdiction over the whole World What then Then St. Peter was Bishop of Rome and setled his Successor there And how do the Papists prove this They answer that many authentick Historians tell them so is this all their Proof Humane Testimony from History is this a sufficient foundation for a prime Article of Faith on which depends the Salvation of all Christian Souls Is this a sure Rock or rather a bank of Sand to build their Infallibility upon Do not the same Historians relate that St. Peter was Bishop of Antioch and we have more reason to believe History for this because the Scripture tells us he was there but not one tittle of his ever being at Rome but strong Presumptions to the contrary St. Luke in the Acts speaking so much of St. Paul's going thither hath not one word of St. Peter's who being as the Papists believe so eminent an Apostle above all the rest seems somewhat neglected by St. Luke which makes me suspect St. Luke was not of their Opinion And shall we accuse St. Paul also for want of charity or civility never to mention St. Peter in all those his particular and numerous Salutations to and from others in his Epistles we must not think that their quarrel at Antioch where St. Paul withstood St. Peter stuck so long in his mind as to omit all Salutation to him in several Epistles We ought rather in charity to St. Paul to believe St. Peter was not at Rome And truly methinks the Papists themselves who pretend so much to honour St. Peter do him no small dishonour in affirming him to be at Rome when St. Paul answered for himself before Nero the first time St. Paul complaining that no man stood with him but all forsook him And if those Historians which the Papists rely on for St. Peter's being Bishop of Rome speak true in the circumstance of time then he was at Rome when St. Paul first answered
Papists farther Object Many damnable Heresies may arise which the Fathers of that Council being no Prophets could not foresee I grant it What then why then it will be necessary to suppress them I grant this also and earnestly desire it Suppress whatever is new set up but set up no more new as necessary to be believed This is the Point we still hold to Men were saved and may still be saved without believing more Till they can confute me in this their talk is vain and without weight And thus all both Men and Women may be able to stop the mouth of Papists with their own Argument when they cry unto you in their absurd wonted manner Hear the Church You must believe as the Church believes answer Yes you do believe as the Church believes as the Church and Council of Nice believed you hold every Article of their Creed 'T is you Papists who believe not as the Church and Council of Nice believed you have altered the Faith and have built a great deal of Wood Hay Stubble upon the old foundation which can never abide the trial of Scripture From whence 't is evident you are the Hereticks for you have wilfully taken up to your selves several Opinions contrary to Scripture which you profess to be the Word of God and therefore you are according to St. Paul 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 condemned of your selves for you acknowledge the rule and yet go on in your will-worship contrary to the rule Yet notwithstanding all that I have said here I declare this When there are several Opinions and Disputes in a Nation about Matters in Religion the Supream Magistrates and Church-Governours may in Prudence think it necessary for the peace of Church and State to require all that are to enter into places of trust in Church or State to subscribe to such Articles as they conceive most conducing thereto and he that refuses they may refuse him no man is injured by this either in his Salvation or Life or Liberty or Estate he is as free as he was before I hold only to this That no man be required to believe any thing as necessary to Salvation but what is plainly contained in Scripture A Tract concerning the Holy Sacrament of the Lord's Supper which I promised in the Preface Good Reader YOu must first understand What it is to take a saying in a Literal or a Figurative sence For example If a Man take a Stick in his hand and say This is my Staff you take this in a Literal sence that is you take it according to the bare words and usual meaning of them that this Staff is his he is the owner of it But if he say This is my Horse you see that Stick is not a real Horse therefore you conceive he means not a real Horse but that as a Horse is used for a help to carry a Man on his way so this Stick helps to support his Body and carry him on his way This we call a Figurative sence that is signifying something otherwise than the bare words usually express For the word Horse is not here taken as usually for a real Horse but for another thing used as a Horse Now all Men that reade the Scripture find it necessary to take many things spoken there in a Figurative sence for it would be contrary to all Reason and Religion to take them in a Literal sence As when our Saviour said I am the Door no Man conceives Christ to be a real Door and therefore he takes it in a Figurative sence by way of comparison to a Door that as a Door is the entrance into a House so Christ tells us he is the Door the entrance for us into Heaven no Man can enter there but by him and his Merits So Christ said I am the Bread that came down from Heaven no Man takes this in a Literal sence according to the usual meaning of the word Bread for real Bread but by way of comparison as Bread nourishes our Bodies so Christ is come down from Heaven to nourish our Souls Again Christ taking Bread in his hand said This is my Body We know that Bread is not Christ's real Body we therefore conceive Christ means a comparison that as this Bread is broken and bruised under your teeth and so passes down into your breast to nourish your Body so my Body shall be broken bruised and killed that by my Sufferings and Death your Souls may be nourished to eternal Life In all reason we must conclude thus unless Christ had said something more to make us think otherwise for we have no other way to understand any thing Christ spoke but according to the Rule of Reason which God hath given us to speak and understand all things But the Papists who understand the former words I am the Bread in a Figurative sence meerly because their Sense and Reason tells them that Christ is not real Bread yet will needs understand these words This is my Body in a Literal sence That the Bread is made Christ's real substantial Body though their Sense and Reason tells them 't is still real Bread for which I desire them to give me a satisfying Reason for in all appearance both Affirmations are of the same nature Certainly then they must shew us some great Motive that induces them to take the two forms of speech so very differently being in themselves both alike First From Reason no Motive can possibly be found for by Reason 't is equally hard to understand Christ to be Bread as Bread to be Christ. Secondly If according to Religion we captivate our Reason in obedience to Faith 't is as easie to believe Bread to be Christ as Christ to be Bread And 't is very impertinent here to talk of God's infinite Power how that can effect things impossible to Reason for we most readily grant it And therefore the Papists do as falsly as foolishly accuse us of Unbelief and that we are wholly guided by our Reason and deny the Bread to be Christ's Body because our Reason cannot comprehend it Do not we believe God created all the World of nothing three Persons to be one God God and Man to be one Person Christ Sure these are harder to believe than that God can change Bread into his Body and we would more readily believe this than the former highest Mysteries had we this miraculous change as plainly set forth in Scripture as those Mysteries greater and harder to be believed Let them then plainly shew us in Scripture that Christ changed the Bread into his Body and we shall as readily believe it as they but they barely tell us Christ said of the Bread This is my Body and we again tell them Christ said I am the Bread They require us to believe the first to be a miraculous change and we likewise require them to believe the second to be as miraculous a change they refuse the second so we refuse the first why not This is