But as it was that solicitous care I had of your present and everlasting Welfare that did at first engage me to Preach upon these subjects so the very same fire burning still in my heart being earnestly desirous the truths herein delivered may not be forgotten by you even while you have use for them this almost irresistibly urged me to enter upon the stage to encounter the harsh Censures I seriously expect for it These Sermons you know together with others upon other texts relating to this subject which to imprint also would swell the book to too great a bulk was preached both in Church and Chappel The design of them was evidently to deal with your Consciences and inform them aright in this present juncture of publick affairs what your Obligation is to your own Pastors and to prevent your Chismatical forsaking the Publick Assemblies to joyn to an Independant Conventicle Pardon me if I mistake it for I believe it cannot as it is circumstantiated consist with the principles of the old sober Presbyterians nor yet with the Modern that have any remains of settled principles concerning Church unity and Church Assemblies in them But having preacht them I easily perceived all my labours utterly lost and useless to many that either would not or could not hear them or else basely without any shew of reason reflected on them Hence I began to desire they might have some way of approving themselves further to the World and especially that they might be exposed with better advantage to your more serious and retired consideration and perusal and if it were possible that they might be known unto and narrowly examined by all under my charge These and other Motives especially knowing that other books of better worth of this or like subjects have never reacht your hands nor in likelyhood ever will do being entertained prevailed and wrought a trembling resolution in me to offer them first to some Christian friends perusal and after to put them upon this publick tryal though at first in composing them I never purposed more than the delivering them vivâ voce to your private audience It is admirable to consider how this perticular national Church suffers by Traduces and Blasphemies on all hands Meet as Christ was crucified betwixt two thieves so on the one side the Papists Anathematize us the Faithful Ministers and Members of the Church of England because we are the most professed enemies to their usurpations Idolatries and superstitions on the other side the separating Members of our Church do hate and maligne us and sometimes saucily and petulantly brand us with Popery and Idolatry and so make us limbs of Anti-christ and therefore no true or faithful Churches of Christ and that meerly for those few innocent indifferent significant ceremonies which we retain and observe for the order and decency of the Worship of God Thus are Christs sheep in the midst of Wolves His Spouse a woman in the Wilderness of wilde Beasts of all sorts this is Ephraim against Manasseh and Manasseh against Ephraim but both against Juda Herod and Pontius Pilate made friends Pharisees and Sadduces combining and agreeing against Christ But blessed be God so safe is our Church and so warrantable is our standing in it that this Flag of Defiance we can hold out against all Sadduces and Opponents that we have in most of our adversaries confessions those things in the Midst of us that in the judgements of all the Reformed Churches as may appear by the Harmony of their confessions are the only undoubted marks and infallible characters of a true Visible Church where ever they are Such are the pure preaching of the Word of God and the Right Administration of the Sacraments And this I made good to you upon that text Acts 2.42 which I trust you will remember Now whoever is once assured that the National Church he lives in and in which he was baptized is a true Visible Church of Christ He can never have just cause while it remains such essentially to separate from it but ought to live and rest with quietness and chearfulness of Spirit in communion thereof For it is every mans duty to profess himself a Christian and to own his Religion publickly and therefore publickly to partake of and frequent the Ordinances and Sacraments of the Gospel in order thereunto but this he cannot do without society and communion with some Church or other Every Christian as such is bound to look upon himself as a member of a Body viz. The Visible Church of Christ but how can he be known to be a member who is not united with the other parts of the Body Hence follows that upon all Christians there lyes an Obligation to engage in a Religious society with others for partaking of the ordinances of the Gospel Now a Christi an being actually joyned in Church society with other Christians is so long bound to maintain society with them till his communion with them becomes sin The separatist must prove that every one sins that keeps in the Communion of the Church of England or else he himself must inevitably lye under the guilt of sin for separation from it there being nothing that can justifie the withdrawing from the society of that Church wherein a Christian was baptized but the unlawfulness of continuing it Nor is it any corruptions that are crept into a Church which still remaines true and and Faithful as to its constitution and Essentials that will make it a Christians duty to withdraw from it or to gather new Churches in and out of it though it be upon pretence of purer administrations Which by the way is all that is pleaded by most of our adversaries against us viz. Some defects or Corruptions in the exercise and administration of Church order and discipline for there is no Church on earth perfectly free from these and as it is proved in these ensuing Sermons especially upon the latter text So is it excellently done by the famous Mr. Norton in his answer to Apollius as I find him quoted by Dr. Edward Stillingfleet in his Irenicum p. 111. That it is Lawful for Christians to joyn with Churches so defective and if it be Lawful to joyn with them it must needs be unlawful to separate from them for how can the God of Love and Vnity endure any rents or Schismes in the Body of Christ and then how dare any one forsake the Communion of that Church whereof they are natural and immediate members if they be not assured that it is either no Church or a false one or that it is unlawful to hold communion with it This is evidently is the Case of our Church in her separation from the Church of Rome the main ground hereof being the sin of Communicating with that Church in her Idolatry and superstition and the impossibility of Communicating with her and not partaking in her sins the practice of her Idolatry being made a necessary condition of her
Communion In this case it was evidently a sin to Communicate with her so that unless our Brethen can prove it a like sin to Communicate with us in the Church of England they can never justifie their separation from us meerly for purer Communion * A full resolution hereof you have in Dr. Stilling fleets Irenicum p 112. where though â—e grants a sins less and unchismatical nonconformity to our Church yet doth he explode any separation from or erecting new Churches in it meerly for oppose to Mr. purer administrations and this I advise the Reader to Baxters Stating the case in his sacrilegious desertion p. 17 I need not fear to say that it hath been made over and over apparent for there are a numberless number of excellent books to convince the teachable that there neither can be nor is any separation from our Church as it stands now constituted and established Nationally but rash and unjust and that those that are carried away are hurried with prejudice rather than with strength of Argument and are commanded more with the example of others their Masters and Rabbies than with the authority of the Rule of Righteousness Now how manifold and dismal have been the mischiefes of such Schisme and divisions all Ages of the Church have sufficiently experienced and we in this Nation as much as any O how woful have been the efects in our memory Our adversaries do not love to hear of them but being gall'd they kick O that they would yet declare to the world their repentance But let them give us leave to think thereof and to advise you â—ur people sometimes to keep them in mind and not to be such fooles as whom neither others harms nor your own will make to beware Are not the Experiments that have been already made of these Schisms sufficient to deter any reasonable man to take heed of any the new mediums will you turn with the Dog to the vomit and with the Sow to the wallowing in the mire again nay perhaps in time O that I may prove a false Prophet in this To wallowing in blood But pardon me for this rough stile I earnestly in the bowels of Christ beseech you in this word of softer exhortation to take heed of all Dividing wayes and methods * See the Anathemas of Ancient Councils and the Sentiments of the Ancient Fathers to the confusion of Schisme in Dr. Forbes Irenicum and of modern Divines in that pretty piece of Littlers Reformed Presbyterian Examine and try this well if our Church be not free from all defects of any those things which are essentially requisite to make it a true and faithful Church in point of Doctrine and administration of the sacraments for then it will follow if you voluntarily separate your selves from our Assemblies from the Lords Supper or administration of the Sacraments in them you are guilty of the Sin of Shism if you think it any sin at all you shew your contempt to the Spouse of Christ and the ordinance of Christ you encourage and animate the Atheist and Heretick you Provoke God to withdraw himself and remove his Candlestick his Gospel from us and as you rend and wound the Church which is the Body of Christ so do you Wilfully excommunicate your selves from the Visible tokens of the Lords presence and Love And if you can loudly complain though too often causelesly of your Church-Governours if they deprive any member of the Church of communion with her by Excommunication upon light and unnecessary occasions how much greater sin is it in the Members to deprive themselves of the same communion upon the like or less occasions saith that excellent incomparable book called The whole Duty of Man Now to remedy things that a Coercive power is very lawful nay requisite I for my part declare it to be my settled judgement and that none did write or preach more vigorously to this purpose than those that now make themselves our adversaries any one that hath eyes may see in Mr. Ashdons Book of Toleration disapproved and why should it be an unpardonable offence to urge the same truths now upon better grounds and with the same and more clear and convincing arguments The Magistrate is Custos vindexque utriusque Tabulae a Guardian as well of Divine as of humane Laws Rom. 13.4 * Rom. 13.4 He is ordained of God to execute wrath upon all them that do evil And are not false Teachers stiled evil workers * Phil. 34. And is not Heresie a fruit of the flesh and what are separating teachers but false teachers and what are separating Doctrines but unsound Doctrines and is not unsound Doctrine resembled to a canker * 2 Tim. 2.17 that corrodes the sound Flesh And the Abetters and Fomenters there of to Thieves that spoil to ravening wolves that devour and to deceitful works that undermine the truth †2 Cor. 11.13 now how the Chyrurgeon will cautorize or cut off a canker or what penalty is due to Thieves Wolves and decietful works none is ignorant Nor is the practice of this coercive power against Hereticks and Chismaticks any new thing that it should seem strange to any Christians ears In the time of the Law Asa Jehoshaphat Josiah Nehemiah punished abuses in divine Worship And under the Gospel God by Miracles did for a time supply the want of Christian Magistrates smiting Ananius and Saphyra with sudden death by S. Peter and Elymas the Sorcerer with blindness by St. Paul And the Spirit of God condemns the Church of Thiatira for not exercising her power to repress such like for suffering the woman Jezebel to teach and seduce Christs servants * Rev. 2.20 and reproves the Church of Pergamus for suffering them that taught the Doctrine of Balaam and entertaining them that held the Doctrine of the Nicolaitans * Rev. 2.14 And concurrent with Scriptures are the Primitive Fathers herein Tertullian †Tert. ad vers Gnost cap. 2. saith that Hereticks must be compelled not prayed to do their duties Athanasius said that Arrius Eudoxius and Patrophilus when they wrote unsound Doctrines were worthy of all punishments St. Augustine †Aug. E. pist 48. tells Vincentius that it is no parodox that men ought to be forced to righteousness for as much as he read that the Master said to the Servants compel them to come in * Lukè 14 23. And that S. Paul was forced to receive and embrace the truth by a violent compulsion of Christ except you should judge Lands and Goods dearer to men than their eyes And this opinion that it is not lawful to deliver an incorrigible Heretick to the secular power and to inflict corporal and pecuniary mulcts he sharply reproves in the Donatists Parmenianus Petilianus and Gaudentius * Aug lib 1 contra Epist Parmehiani cap. 7. lib. 2. Contra literas petileam cap. 10. lib. 2. contra Epistolam Gandentii cap. 17. As I find Mr. Cragg
the world So is this Uniformity in actions of Worship also necessarily included in this Apostolical Exhortation to speak the same things and that there be no divisions amongst us Indeed this would be a perfect and blessed Unity for all these three to meet together unity in judgment unanimity of loving affection and uniformity in action and this perfection ought to be both in all our aims and endeavours but if while we faithfully endeavour it in our several places we cannot through our own weakness or others waywardness attain to the full perfection hereof yet pulchrum erit in secundis tertiis ve it will be our comfort and commendation to labour and attain so much after it as possibly we can and therefore nevertheless whereunto we have attained Phil 3.16 let us mind the same things Let us labour after this unity of judgment affection and action I beseech you Brethren by the Name of our Lord Jesus Christ that ye all speak the same thing and that there be no divisions amongst you but that ye strive perfectly to be joyned together in the same mind and in the same judgment To quicken you hereunto this being so needful a duty and we all so dull unto it let me offer these following forceable Motives to your serious consideration 1. The seasonableness of the Exhortation for are not these the last and worst days the dregs and Lees of times of which our Saviour prophecied when Christian Love should grow cold which is the Bond of Peace and Satan knowing his time but short should double his diligence in sowing his Tares of cursed contentions in Gods Fold Heb. 10.24 25. â—ude v. 11. the proud and malicious hearts of men being too fruitful soils thereof and of which the Apostle prophesieth and Saint Jude Read the places and see if the men of this Age be not therein exactly described Alas when was the Christian World ever more out of quiet when was Gods Church ever more dangerously rent and torn when was Schismes and Separations ever more greedily and dangerously made and prosecuted when was Gods Church on Earth more Militant or had more Enemies forreign abroad intestine at home more Satanical spirits to hate it more Lucians to scoff at it more Rabshekah's to rail on it or Balaam's to curse it when were there more Atheists to scoff at Religion Ridemur decathimmur saith Tert. more Hereticks to reproach revile and slander it more Schismaticks studying divisions affecting parties carrying up-sides and factions and being out of danger of the Kings Laws and contemning the Churches pious Edicts and Censures like unnatural Children rending and tearing their Mothers Bowels Inimici Domesticiâ— Behold the Churches Foes are those of her own Family Rom. 3.17 her Sons disturb her peace and the way thereof they will not know Mistake me not my design is not to rail or reflect on any sort of men but only to warn you as a faithful Watchman to take heed of these deceitful ways and the very design of this Complaint and Lamentation that there should be such Troublers of Israel abounding amongst us is only to shew the Exhortation in the Text as necessary so seasonable even that we all hearken after the things that make for peace to speak the same things and to avoid if it be possible these divisions amongst us So from the seasonableness pass we 2. To the reasonableness of the Exhortation also and that in almost infinite respects 1. Listen to Gods Commands search the Scriptures Brethren and find any duty if you can more peremptorily commanded more highly commended by the Holy Ghost more frequently pressed by the Prophets and Apostles than this How often doth the Gospel of Peace call upon us to follow peace with all men Eph. 5.16 Heb. 12.14 if it be possible and as much as lyeth in us to live peaceably with all men How much more with Brethren 2 Cor. 13.11 2 Cor. 13.14 2 Tim. 2.23 men of the same Nation and Church and Faith and Religion with our selves for to such it is written Be of one mind live in peace follow Righteousness Faith Charity and Peace with them that call on the Lord out of a pure heart It were endless to give you all the strict Commands of the Gospel to this purpose without obedience to which we are not real but nominal servants of Jesus Christ unless we study Unity and be careful to maintain peace and love and speak the same things and avoid divisions and those that cause them the World may question our Christianity which will further appear in all the following considerations whilst we look upon God whom we pretend to serve and worship 2. It is the Apostles Argument amongst many others Eph. 4.1 2. I the Prisoner of the Lord beseech you that you walk worthy of the Calling wherewith ye are called How With all lowliness and meekness and long-suffering endeavouring to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace For saith he there is one Body one Spirit one Hope one Lord one God and Father of all There is but one God and great reason then we should endeavour unity and unanimity and uniformity in the worship and service of this one God Those that have several Gods may well have several ways and several forms to worship them as the Marriners in Jonah called every one upon his God When several Gods are afoot all Games must go forward but now we all profess but one God unchangeably one the Maker of Heaven and Earth the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ and he is always of one mind he is not for one thing sometimes and another thing other times like a distempered Stomack but God is still of one and the same mind and therefore that which pleaseth him at one time the same words and things if they proceed from the same heart must needs find the same acceptance always No marvel if dissentions arise amongst wicked ones betwixt Abimelech and the men of Shechem seeing they serve divers Masters have several lusts one raigning in this another in that man all commanding contrary things but shall not Christians speak the same things without divisions that all serve one Lord and that one being so far from commanding any thing that may occasion discord that his very livâ—â—â— is the Badge and Cognizance of Love and Peace More particularly being we profess to worship the Trinity in Unity and Unity in Trinity let us consider each Person in the Blessed Trinity 1. God the Father he is one there is one Father of all If God be our Father Eph. 4.6 then are we all Brethren to each other If a man coming into his Neighbours house by chance should find them all together by the ears would he not think them disorderly and ill-governed children how much more if they should be observed to be ever and anon snarling and quarrelling one with another and beating and kicking one another Here Joseph
and drinking the same spiritual drink in the holy Communion and therefore all reason that as members of the same Body and servants of the same Family we speak the same things and there be no divisions amongst us Mr. Baxter in his Cure of Divisions urgeth two or three things well in this Topick of the Church as that our union with the Church is a sign of our proportionable union with Christ and our separation from the Church is a sign of our separation from Christ nay that union is not only an accident but of the very Essence of the Church without which it is no Church and without which we can be no members of it Unity being necessary to the very being of the Church and of Christianity and that our union is necessary to our nourishment from and Communion with Christ and his Church but I refer you for these to him See it page 66. whom perhaps some will rather hear than us if we should speak the same words I shall amongst many particulars urge only four things with reference to the Church that shews the need you have to speak the same things and that there be no divisions amongst you 1. This is the only way to forward the work of God for the building up of the Church which Faction and divisions on the other hand obstructeth so as nothing more You often read in Scripture of edifying the Body of Christ Eph. 4.12 2 Cor. 12.19 and of doing all things to edifilcation The expression is metaphorical taken from material buildings often used by the Apostle with application to the Church of God and the spiritual building thereof 1 Tim. 3.15 for the Church is the House of the Living God and all Christian-members of this Church are as so many stones of this building whereof the house is made up and the bringing in unbelievers into the Church by converting them to the Christian Faith is as the fetching of more stones from the Quarries to be laid in the building Now the building in it self and that is edification is the well and orderly joyning together of Christian men as living stones in truth and love that they speak the same things and that there be no divisions amongst them that they may grow together as it were into one entire building to make up a strong and comely house for the Masters use and honour a 1 Pet. 2.9 Indeed there is nothing more conduceth hereunto than Peace Love and Concord Knowledge is very little or nothing but a puff in comparison of Charity in order to Edification b 1 Cor. 8.1 It may swell and look big and make a shew but Charity doth the deed c 1 Cor. 1.10 It lays the stones together and makes them couch close one to another and binds them up with Fillings and Cement to make them hold Hence that wise Master-builder S. Paul that knew well what belongs to this work when he speaks of compacting the Church into a building mentions the edifying of it self in love d Eph. 4.16 Indeed when all the Workmen intend the main business each in his place and office performing their appointed task with chearfulness and good agreement then doth the work go on and the building gets up apace and strongly but when one man draws one way and another another way one will have things done after this fashion another after that one mars what another makes pulls down what another sets up how is it possible while things go thus that ever the building should be brought to any perfection or handsomness and therefore well doth the Apostle joyn these two together 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 e Rom. 14.19 Let us follow after the things that make for peace and things wherewith we may edisie one anot her Where the hearts and tongues of the builders are divided the building will either come to nothing or prove but a Babel of confusion for where envy and strife is there is confusion and every evil work f James 3.16 Strife will make ill work it will build up nothing unless it be Babels walls It is peace and concord that builds up the walls of Jerusalem which as it hath its name from peace so hath it also its perfection from peace and then and not before shall Jerusalem be built as a City that is at unity in it self g Psa 122.3 whe◠they that build Jerusalem are first at unity amongst themselves when they speak the same things and there is no divisions amongst them 2. As this is the way to build the Church so it is the way to preserve in both in peace beauty and safety 1. In peace The concord of Familie is their peace so is amity and concord in the Church whereas the divisions and discords of Christians disturbs their minds and discomposeth the Church Pray for the peace of Jerusalem h Psa 125. saith the Psalmist but by different forms and ways there is a breach of that peace such divisions in the Church are like wars and tumults in the Commonwealth they discompose and set it out of order It was Sir Henry Wotton's excellent saying Disputandi pruritus Scabies Ecclesiae The Itch of Disputing doth cause the Scab of the Church Every Sect finds some little pleasure in scratching by zealous wranglings and disputes for their several Opinions till the blood be ready to follow and at length it proves the bain of peace and charity and love which is the very life and soul of Christian Religion Now is not this or should it not be an effectual Motive to this Unity Unamity and Uniformity How dear should be the Churches peace to every member thereof Dulce nomen pacis the very name of peace sounds sweetly to the ear there is such a mixture of pleasantness and profitableness in it as wrapt the Psalmist into admiration ut prius miraretur quà m ostenderet he admires it himself and rouzeth others to the like admiration i Psa 133.1 Behold how good and pleasant a thing it is Brethren to dwell together in unity some things are pleasing not good as Epicurism and Good-fellowship some things good not pleasing as Fasting and Martyrdom but this both for pleasure it is like the Oyl poured out on Aaron's Head for goodness it is like the Dew on Hermon's Hill which made the Valleys fruitful So good and pleasant it is that nothing can be pleasant without it It is the desire of all hearts the rest of all Nations the end of all Contentions pacem te poscimus omnes nothing more desirable in Families in Kingdoms much more in the Church And therefore lest we violate the Churches peace it concerns us to speak the same things lest there be no peace but divisions amongst us 2. It is the way to preserve the Church in beauty and honour the concord of Christians is their beauty and honour and their divisions and discord is their deformity and shame The Church
in time of tryal upon any condition forsake it Now this exhortation he strengtheneth by giving of directions for furthering their obedience thereunto the first is Christans mutually stirring up and sharpening one another amongst themselves that is a special help to constancy in the true Religion and a preservative against Apostacy together with a godly striving one with another who shall be first in love and well-doing vers 24. Let us consider one another to provoke to love and good works And 2. Another means to this end is the frequenting Christian congregations assemblies So comes in my Text. Not forsaking c. In the words you have evidently two parts 2. A Taxation of some for the neglect of that duty 1. The duty is to keep close to and not to forsake the Assemblies of the Church 2. The fault taxed in some amongst them is that in Schism or pride or purpose of Apostacie they withdrew themselves from these Church assemblies and so fell back again or were in the way of falling back to the open denial of Christ for separation from the true Church or the Christian society of the faithful therein is a remarkable sin tending to lead men by Schism to Apostacy from the profession of the true faith 1. Of the duty of Christians in order to their proving constant in the true Religion even to keep close unto and not forsake the assemblies of the Church The word for assemblies in the Text hath a very great emphasis in it it is a tricomposite 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the preposition 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as both Calvin and Hemingius upon the place observe signifies novam accessionem an increase or addition of some more members to a body congregated And these were the converted Gentiles that being converted to the faith became one with the Jews one and the same body of Christ Estius observes that because the Apostle here writes to the Jewes therefore for the Christian Assemblies he useth the word Synagogue because he would not vary from their phrase or custome of Speech any more then needs But might it not be some private meetings some separate assemblies in a corner that he calls by this name and here speakes of O no Interpreters with one consent generally interpret it of the publique assemblies of the Church in such publique places as are by Christian Magistrates or by the Rulers of the Church if the Magistrates be not Christian appointed for the publique worship of God Not forsaking the Assembling of themselves that is saith the London Annotations the publique congregation of the faithful wherein the word of God is taught the sacraments administred and common prayer and publique Thanksgiving are offered up unto God for unto such publique congregations hath God promised his blessing where hath he promised it Marke the Scriptures quoted by the Assembly for it are these d Psal 27.4 one thing have I desired of the Lord that I might dwell in the house of the Lord all the dayes of my life to behold the beauty of the Lord and to inquire in his holy Temple for herein is implyed this promise that in the Temple the house of God there will God let us see his beauty Another text quoted by them is e Psal 122.1 I was glad when they said let us go into the house of the Lord our feet shall stand within thy gates O Jerusalem thither the tribes go up the tribes of the Lord unto the testimony of Israel to give thanks unto the name of the Lord. Of such assemblies therefore even of such as go into the said House of God whither the tribes the Multitude of the right worshippers of God go up to pray unto and praise him of these doth our Text speak Not forsakeing the assembling c. And to these Assemblies the Annotations quote that special promise as belonging unto them f Mat. 1 20. Where two or three are met together in my name that is for prayer and other Religious offices there am I in the midst of them Christ promiseth his gracious assistance to and presence with his Church be it great and numerous or be it small and with the publique and solemn congregation thereof Yes say the Schismaticks where ever two or three are met together there is he in the midst of them therefore the promise is to us or any of the Saints wherever or how few soever they be that thus meet together There is no Text wherein the separatist take Sanctuary more then this but very unsoundly For as the Reverend Mr. Ball expounds that place in his tryal of the grounds tending to separation pag 280 by the contextit appears Christ is there speaking of the Validity of the sentence of excommunication and certainly Christs meaning is not that every Society that consisteth of two or three believers met together to pray or preach have the power to excommunicate for no one example can be Alledged out of Scripture or Ecclesiastical History of the ancient Churches wherein any number of the Faithful did ever lawfully excommunicate or judg any Member of their Society without their Guides and lawful Officers moderateing the action There is no promise can be shewed out of Holy Writ wherein any such authority is bequeathed to two or three private Believers Disciples or Brethren O no but the very tenour of the words is to argue from the less to the greater thus If Christ be present with two or three gathered together in his name to ask things agreable to his will he will much more confirmin heaven what ever his officers and servants that have power from Christ to do this service in the Church in his name shall determine and conclude according to his will but they cannot meet together in his name for this or any other holy office that meet together in way of Schism contrary to his will Quomodo possunt duoaut tres in non mine Christi colligi quos constat à Christo ab ejus Ecclesià seperant saith S. Ciprian how can they be met together in the name of Christ that do manifestly separate themselves from Christ and his Church Cum Haereses Schismata nata sint dum conventicula sibi diversa constituunt veritatis caput originem reliquerunt when Heresies and Schismes arise the maintainers of them make separate conventicles for themselves they forsake Christ the Lord and fountain of Truth peace It is the Church and they that keep within the pale of the Chuch by unity and concord to whom this promise runs to give them what they meet together in his name to ask of him and to be in the midst of them I will be saith he in the midst of them That is of them that fear me and keep my precept of peace and truth Non homines ab eccelsia dividit qui fecit instituit ecclesiam sed exprobrans discordiam persidis fidelibus pacem suâ voce commendans ostendit
magis esse se cum duobus aut tribus unanimitèr orantibus quà m cum decedentibus pluribus plusque impetrari posse paucorum concordi prece quà m discordi multorum oratione Saith S. Cyprian g De Vnitate Ecclesiâ—e as I find him quoted by Doct. Forbes in his Irenicumâ— Surely our Saviour doth not by this promise warrant divisions from that Church which he himself hath made and gathered but rather upbraiding the contentions of the perfidious and commending unity and unaminity to the faithful he teacheth us that he will rather be with two or three of them met together with one accord in his name and according to his appointment then with multitudes of them that depart from them and that he will rather answer the uniform prayers of a few peace able believers then the jarring prayers of many that divide themselves into sides and factions Can they think that Christ will be in the midst of them that are met together out of the Church of Christ Nay though such should suffer Martyrdome in the confession of his name yet cannot that blot and stain of their Schism be washed away in their blood Inexpiabilis gravis culpa discordiae nâ—c passione purgatur the great and inexpiable fault of separation and dissention cannot be purged by the most bitter passion or suffering Esse martyr non potest qui in ecclesiâ non est he cannot be a true martyr that keeps not unity in the Church Ad regnum pervenire non poterit qui eam quae regnatura est derelinquit He cannot attain the Kingdome that forsakes her that must raign in it It was peace that Christ gave us and bequeathed unto us It is concord and unanimity that he hath commanded us He hath strictly injoyned us to keep the covenants of love and Charity pure and inviolate So that he can never prove a right Martyr for the truth that keeps not Charity with the brethren h 1 Cor. 122. though I have faith so as to remove mountains or bestow all my goods upon the poor or give my body to be burned and have not charity it profiteth nothing God himself is love and therefore they that break the bond of love can never have God God cannot be in the midst of them so that it is not to private conventicles that this promise runs but to the publique congregations of the Church of which my Text here speaks Not forsakeing the Assembling of your selves as the manner of some is My way being thus clear and the meaning of the Text being thus made out and explained I shall from what is said raise this observation and prosecute it Doct. That it is the undoubted duty of all pious Christians that desire to prove constant to the true Religion to frequent and not to neglect the publique Assemblies of the Church Which truth that I may prove undenyable and convince the judgments of all that are teachable and will not stop their ears against the truth I will proceed in these gradual propositions The First shall be the furthest off Prop. but the foundation of all the rest taken from the end of Religious Assemblies even this That God is to be worshiped Adorability is due and proper unto God There is such infinite absolute perfection in the divine nature as necessarily calls for religious worship at the creatures hands with this truth our blessed Saviour repelled that great temptation of the Divel to fall down and worship him i Mat. 4 10s It is written thou shall worship the Lord thy God and him onely shalt thou serve This worship is due unto God and is due unto God only for he alone is qualified with those properties and attributes omniscience omnipresence omnipotence c. that are necessary to make a being Adorable so with him no creature can claim a partner-ship in divine Adoration and religious worship without great Sacriledg nor can any be given to it without gross and abominable Idolatry by this are the Papists therefore convinced of grievious Idolatry in that they worship those things with a religious worship which are no proper objects thereof as Images and Saints and the like But I onely name this Proposition because it is alien from the Text though the foundation of all that is to be â—id of it Those from whom this worship is due unto God are all intelligent rational creatures Prop by the very obligation of nature Indeed though there had never any been created by God to worship him God had continued in his essential perfections as firm as ever But being it was his good will to make the world and rational creatures in it to adore him there is therefore a natural obligation lying upon them as his creatures to worship him and so own their being dependence and preservation as the product of their Creators goodness what can be more just and equitable than for a depending being to adore the fountain of his being and of his both present and future welfare or what higher piece of unreasonable injustice can there be then for the creatures to slight him from whom they drew life breath and all In a word God hath indued Angels and men especially with minds and understandings for this very end that they might know honour and adore him He made all things but them especially for himself to do homage to him and therein lies their natural obligation to serve and worship him Prop. 3 As for pure spiritual beings such as Angels are they need not being incorporeal be circumstantiated either to time or place in rendring this actual worship to God 1. They are not tyed to any time strictly so called because their very nature is measured by Eternity and not by time and being of a spiritual nature they have neither those avocations by any particular calling not necessary diversions from Gods worship as man if he had continued innocent must have had for the very sustaining of his life and being which would have been even in Paâ—adise by ordinary means by seasonable food It is therefore Probable they have no set times but continue constant in the immâ—diate worship of God unless when God applyes them as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as his ministring spirits for the service of his Church and then perhaps their even then imployments speakes them only distant from the other Angels their fellow worshippers and not absent from the real worship service of God 2. Thus it appears they are not limited to any place neither as they are not to any limied time of worship for they being Spirits are uncapable of any local circumscription As for any further knowledge of the manner and circumstances of the Angels worshipping and adoreing of God Scriptures have a deep silence concerning it and it is a learned Ignorance for us to sit down satisfied and contented without the knowledge of that which God hath thought unnecessary to be revealed indeed to inquire any further thereinto may
SOUND CONSIDERATIONS FOR TENDER CONSCIENCIES Wherein is shewed their OBLIGATION To hold close Union and Communion with the CHURCH OF ENGLAND And their Fellow Members in it and not to forsake the publiek Assemblies thereof In several SERMONS preached upon 1 Cor. 1.10 and Heb. 10.25 By Joseph Briggs M. A. vic of Kirkburton in Yorksshire Qui Christum fine Ecclesia quaerit errare fatigari potest at invenire non pâ—test Venerabilis Beda in Can. 6.1 London Printed for Nathaniel Brooks and are to be sold at the Angel in Cornhil 1675. To the Right Worshipful Sr. John Kay of Woodsum Farnley Baronet one of his Majesties Justices of Peace of the Quorum and Deputy Lieutenent for the Westriding of York J. B. Wisheth all Mercy and Comfort in Christ Jesus both now and for ever Right-worshipful YOu and all good men would think it no small happiness to the Christian World if true Religion might reign as a Law unthwarted unopposed and the Orthodox Faith being obscured by no Questions and Cavils were onely published and not disputed Faith and Religion may fitly be resembled to a pure and liquid stream which becomes muddy being troubled and as by an Inundation of water the Field or Meadow adjoyning is turned into an miry pit So when Contentions which the wise man compares to an overflowing of water overspreads the green Pastures of Sacred truth much filth of error thereby cleavs to them Hence have Faith and Religion themselves come into question though of all other things they be most certain and indubitate And as plants often removed cannot take root and prosper so Faith and Piety being removed out of their ancient standing and bended this way and that way according to mens humors loose their reverence and stability and do decay in the lives of men and Atheism gets ground Hence it is that one gainsaying another one plucks down what should be by a common labour and consent built up And hence it is that as it is impossible for a man to follow guides whose backs are turned each of other and their faces a clean contrary way so Gods people who should be led by their spiritual guides in one beaten path of Faith and Godliness are with unspeakable peril distracted not knowing what to do while their leaders call them contrary wayes By this in a word do we Christians become a Reproach both to Jewes and Gentiles and we Protestants to the derision of Turks and Papists while our Church is broken in so many factions while Aarons bells do jangle all men are in an uproar and fall together by the Ears and the fire of unchristian animosities become too often like that of the Temple never to be extinguished But which is the worst of all Religion hereby becomes as it were heart eaten I mean the heart of it that is the practise of Holiness and Righteousness daily decayeth for when some men are loath to put themselves to the trouble of an holy life they readily list themselves under a party not doubting to acquire to themselves a glorious name if they be but zealous in the defence of a tittle or punctilio how careless soever they be in the essential duties of the Kingdome of God Indeed how this should be how the Christian Religion should be quarrell'd about is next to a Miracle considering what benignity and sweetness of disposition what candour and ingenuity of Spirit what humility and mutual condescention it requireth But aut hoc non est Evangelium aut non sumus Evangelici Either this is not the Right practice of Christianity or it is not calculated for our Meridian wherein abound so much pride and uncharitableness so many strifes and divisions so much wrath and envy confusion and every evil work How far different are ours to those pure primitive times wherein Religion truely flourished For then was the spirit of Meekness and gentleness and peacableness accounted the indispensable duties and characteristical notes of real Godliness The greatest instance of piety in the first Christians was to dye and not to fight for Christ they had not then learnt to make way for Doctrines or opinions by the dint of the sword And surely no reason can be alledged why Christians should not act by the same rule and stand upon the same ground now as then But that can never be while these partition walls are daily set up amongst us while men are dayly forsaking our Church Assemblies and racking their brains and purses and interests to found or defend their private Meetings in opposition unto them Indeed this seems to be the way to perpetuate a schism in the midst of us and as it were to establish it by a Law which we and our Posterity may have sad cause to lament when it is past all prevention or Cure To prevent the unspeakable Mischiefes the Prologue of utter destruction I conceive it the duty of all men in their several places to bestir themselves in time but especially of Magistrates and Ministry and it is my ambition to be some way instrumental to remove the causes which hath willingly carried me to this hazard first to Preach and then to Print these ensuing Sermons How serviceable they are to the end for which they are designed I leave it to your Worships considerations to determine Indeed when I first resolved to publish them I could have no dispute with my self to whom to dedicate them First upon the account of my great personal obligations to you for those constant respects you have been pleased to express unto my person ever since I had the happiness to be acquainted with and seated near you and also for that eminent love of God and his Church and truth the world hath experienced and must upon all occasions gratefully acknowledge in you to the praise of God that raiseth up such worthies Besides the very matter of the book seems as much to concern your self and other good Magistrates as us the Ministers of the Church For these two Offices are so intimately related Church and State Prince and Priest Magistrate and Minister are so nearly and naturally conjoyned in a mutual interest that like Hippocrates his twins they rejoyce and mourn flourish and perish together They have most what in all ages fared alike in the world Both are deputies under and instruments of and actors for God in their several Ministrations And therefore the Devil doth alike malice them both and stirs up his instruments either to corrupt them or remove these sacred functions from their purity and integrity if it be possible or else to disquiet and destroy them God leadeth his people like a flock by the hands of Moses and Aaron * Ps 37.20 and therefore the enemies of the flock have an equal spite to both these two leaders In all Ages of the Church almost since it was constituted and established and since Kings and Queens have become the nursing Fathers and nursing Mothers thereof if the one have prospered
same argument 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 onely by this methinks we should be warn'd if by no other consideration to let such a spirit of peace and meekness shew it self in our lives and doctrines ut nihil de nobis male loqui sine mendacio possint that they may never have advantage with the same breath to speak both truly and reproachfully against us And to this end to preserve the Churches beauty and honour and to stop the mouth of the Adversary and take away the occasion of scandal letâ—us speak the same things and let there be no divisions amongst us I add 3. This want of Unity Unanimity and Uniformity among those that keep within the pale of the Church gives scandal to those of the Separation See Toleration not to be abused such Schismaticks and Hereticks as are clean gone out and have renounced all kind of communion with us for they must needs think very jollily of themselves and their own singular way when they shall find those very grounds whereon they have raised their Schism to be so stoutly pleaded for and pursued by some that are yet content to hold a kind of communion with us For there are many that will hold those Principles besides which there can be nothing colourably pretended for inconformity in point of Ceremony and Church-Government that will not yet admit of such conclusions naturally issuing thence as will necessary inâ— an utter separation The Separatists Tenents are but the Nonconformists Principles improved and then it is to be feared that the Nonconformist gives the occasion of offence and boasting to the Separatist he lays the foundation for the others division from us and so may happily have a right in that of our Saviour n Mat 18.7 Offences will be for the tryal of the faith and patience of the Saints but vae homini woe to the men without repentance by whom the occasion of those offences comes In all these respects then for the Churches honour and to avoid that scandal that is thereby given to Atheist Papist and Separatist let us speak the same things and let there be no divisions amongst us and as for the Churches beauty and honour so 3. For the safety thereof for divisions 1. Invite and incourage the Churches Enemies 2. They weaken them to resist them 1. They invite and incourage the Enemy as it is noted of the Ancient Brittains their intestine contentions invited the Enemy to conquest Nothing so much hearteneth and advantageth the Enemy abroad as the fractions and dissentions that we have at home Per discordias civiles externi attollunt animas said Livy once of old Rome Whence our Countryman Gildas complained of old of this Island then imbroiled in wars fortis ad civilia bella infirma ad retundenda hostium tela that by how much more her valour and strength was spent upon her self in managing of intestine and domestick broils by so much the more she laid her self open to the outrages and incursions of forreign Enemies commune periculum concordiâ propulsandum saith Tacitus The Churches peace and concord is the Tower of David from whence we may repel our Adversaries whom else we shall by our intestine differences cause to rejoyce If all the members of the Church were but fast joyned together saith Dr. Reynolds †In his excellent Sermon of the peace of the Church vinculo fidei glutine charitatis in the bond and cement of Faith and Love if Governours Teachers and People would but joyn hand in hand the one to rule with Authority and Meekness the other to teach with wisdom and compassion the third to honour both by humble submission to their judgment and willing obedience to the guidance of their Governours and Pastors then would they cut off all occasion from those that seek occasion and disappoint the expectations of those that do captare tempora impacata inquieta would be fishing in troubled waters The Devil as Optatus speaks is tormented with the peace of Brethren but is quicken'd and put into hopes of success in his attempts against the Church by the mutual ruptures and jealousies that the members thereof foment and cherish amongst themselves as when by Jeroboam's defection Judah and Israel were rent asunder then came Shishak and troubled Jerusalem o 2 Chro. 12.2 and as divisions invite and incourage the Churches Enemies so 2. They weaken her to resist them The unity of Christians is their secondary strength saith Mr. Baxter their primary strength is Christ and the Spirit of Grace which quickneth them and their secondary strength is their union amongst themselves Separation from Christ depriveth men of the first and separation one from another depriveth them of the second evermore vis unita fortior but divisions weaken the Church and dividers are certainly the weakners and destroyers of the Church even Satan is sensible that his Kingdom divided cannot stand and therefore he keeps an admirable unity in the members thereof so that a whole Legion consisting of many thousands of them had but one name one action and one habitation in the man possessed with them Concordiâ res parvae crescunt discordiâ dilabuntur the wall is hollow and loose where the stones stand off one from another and couch not close Now brotherly love and unity is it that bindeth all fast and makes of loose heaps one entire piece Observe the expression in the Text I beseech you Brethren saith the Apostle that there be no divisions amongst you but that ye be perfectly joyned together in the same mind and in the same judgment Like-mindedness you see is the thing that joyneth all together and in the well joyning consisteth the strength of any structure Whence we read of the bond of peace p Eph. 4.3 and the bond of perfectness q Col. 3.14 An expression of the like importance you have r Phil. 1.27 That I may hear of your affairs saith he that ye stand fast in one spirit with one mind Christians never stand so fast as when they are of one mind whence there is a Greek word sometimes used in the New Testament as Bishop Saunderson observes Å¿ Bishop Saunderson's Sermons p. 270. viz. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is commonly translated Confusion and sometimes Tumults neither of which Translations are unfit for the sense but in the Literal Notation it rather imports a kind of unstableness or unsettledness when a thing doth not stand fast but shaketh and tottereth and is in danger of falling And this S. Paul opposeth to peace God is not the Author saith he 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of confusion but of peace Intimating by the very opposition that it is mostly for want of peace that things do not stand fast but are ready to fall into discords and confusion S. James speaks out what S. Paul but intimateth and tells us plainly that this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is the effect of discord and that contention is
men may foolishly imagine that they can do well enough with the private use of the words though they injoy not the publick and can pray well enough by themselves though they have no society with the general and publick devotions Yet is it sure on the contrary that there is no such promise made to the private as to the publick Nay none at all to the private if the publick be neglected or contemned Such a woeful thing it is for men to do themselves the greatest injury that can be to deprive themselves of Gods presence by forsakeing the assemblies of his people upon this ground Gods people complained of the effect of the rage and fury of their enemies t Psal 47 7â— They razed the sanctuary to the ground defiled the dwelling place of Gods name and burnt up all the Synagogues of God in the land And Jeremiah in his Lamentations u Lam. 1.4 The waies of Zion lament because no man cometh to the solemn feasts all her gates are desolate And hence the sentence of excomunication hath ever by religious soules been accounted the greatest of punishments as casting them out of Gods presence and giving them up to Satan x 2 Cor. 5.5 so sottish are they that willfully excommunicate themselves by forsakeing the assemblies It is like a mans being outlawed in matters of civil Government by which he is deprived of all the benefits and protection belonging to a subject of the realm Just so doth this censure put them out of the priviledges of Christians and our of Gods protection for a time so as to be reckoned as strangers or forraâ—ners as heathens and publicans y Matt. 18.17 The sin of these men will best be discovered if we pass from this eighth proposition to the second General in the Text. 2. The Apostles taxation of some for this sin of forsaking the Assemblies and so putting themselves in a way of apostacy or falling back from or wavering in the profession of the true faith for so the Text runs not forsaking the Assembling your selves together as the manner of some is So then in the Apostles judgment those some whoever they be are blame worthy and are to be reproved and sharply rebuked what motives soever they may have for forsaking the publick Assemblies of the true Church they cannot forsake them and be innocent it is an act that cannot be acceptable unto God not forsaking the Assembling of your selves together as the manner of some is As there are diverse persons that forsake the assemblies So are their motives to forsake them different some give â—ne account thereof and some another all blame worthy Let us but consider and weigh the Apollogies and motives of some of them 1. The manner of some is to forsake the assemblies upon pretence of some corruptions in them It is holyness and purity these men pretend to in a high measure and therefore they forsake our assemblies because as they affirm they are unholy being mixt assemblies consisting of both good and bad a vide Robinsons and Cant books a miscellany Multitudes of the seed of woman and of the Serpent and much more they inveigh and rail bitterly against them and thence inferr a necessity of separation from them z Heb. 12.14 but that this is a most corrupt and unsound inference will appear if we consider 1. That the purest Church on earth is not free perfectly free from all corruptions The spouse of Christ is comly yet black It becomes Christs Church to be as true so humble far from arrogating perfection For any Church on this side heaven to say that she is absolute and neither wants nor abounds were the voice of Laodicea or Tyrus in the Prophet As there is no Element which is not through many mixtures departed from its first simplicity so is there no Church that breatheth in so pure an air but it may justly complain of some thick and unwholsome evaporations of sin and error in it Was not the Church typed by Noahs Ark wherein was unclear as well as clean beasts doth not Christ compare it to a feiled wherein grows both tares and wheat promiscuously until the harvest a Mat. 13.12 to a great house wherein are vessels of Gold and Silver and of Brass earth and clay b 2 Tim. 2.20 to a sheep fould wherin are foulded both sheep and Goats c Matt. 25 32. to a company of Virgins all invited by an external call to the Wedding whereof some were foolish some wise d Mat 25.1 to an orchard or vineyard e Esai 61.1 wherein all are not fruitful trees that bring forth their fruit in due season But on some God bestowes digging and dunging unto them and fencing them which cumber the ground and are good for nothing but to be cast into the fire To a vine in which are some branches that onely bear leaves of profession or at the best but sowre grapes Nay sometimes in a true Church even the chiefest members for eminency and Authority are corrupted sometimes the prime Governours of a Church as the chief Priests and Elders in our Saviours time may be great enemies of real goodness Nay to come closer to our selves 2. We must acknowledge that even in our Church and the Assemblies thereof there is such general decay of that first love and primitive piety which consisted chiefly in Humility Mortification Obedience and good works and such a general increase of all filthy and abominable sins and those too frequently uncensured unrereproved that there is just cause for any Godly man to fear least God be about to take away his tabernacle from amongst us and remove our candlestick and go far off from our sanctuary f Ezek. 8.6 3. It is undoubted that when a pious Christian considers these things he ought to be deeply affected with them and neither communicate with a whole Church in any corruptions that are evident corruptions in it nor yet pertake in the sins of any the particular members thereof but observing his brothers prophanness his duty is to admonish him and to bewail his sin and do what lies in him to bring him to a reformation thereof This is the right course but 4. This is no ground at all for him to separate from the Church or to forsake the Assembly there of it is of Mr. Hildershams Doctrines agreable to the ninteenth Article of the Church of England and that those Assemblies that injoy the word and Doctrine of Salvation though they may have many corruptions remaining in them yet they are to be acknowledged true Churches of God and such as none of the faithful may make separation from because 1. There was never Church on earth free from corruptions either in the whole or in its perticular assemblies and yet never did the Saints of God forsake them upon that account Never was there Church from the beginning of the world to this day from one side of the Earth to