to excuse himself shewing he was chosen against his will and though preferment may not be snatched it needs not be thrust away But all would not do It was enough to put him out because the King put him in Wherefore he was commanded to return home and to wait the definitive sentence which Gibellinus Archbishop of Arles and the Popes Legate should pronounce in the matter Gibellinus coming to Jerusalem concluded the election of Ebremarus to be illegall and void and was himself chosen Patriarch in his place and the other in reverence of his piety made Archbishop of Cesarea And though Arnulphus the firebrand of this Church desired the Patriarchs place for himself yet was he better content with Gibellinus his election because he was a through-old man and hoped that candle would quickly go out that was in the socket To this Gibellinus King Baldwine granted that all places which he or his successours should winne should be subject to his jurisdiction and this also was confirmed by Pope Paschall the 2. But Bernard Patriarch of Antioch found himself much aggrieved hereat because many of these cities by the ancient canon of the Councel of Nice were subject to his Church At last the Pope took the matter into his hand and stroked the angry Patriarch of Antioch into gentlenesse with good language He shewed how since the Councel of Nice the countrey had got a new face ancient mountains were buried rivers drowned in oblivion and they new-christened with other names Yea the deluge of the Saracens tyranny had washed away the bounds of the Churches jurisdictions that now they knew not their own severals where Mahometanisme so long had made all common and waste He desired him therefore to be contented with this new division of their jurisdictions especially because it was reasonable that the King of Jerusalem and his successours should dispose of those places which they should winne with their own swords Bernard perceiving hereby how his Holinesse stood affected in the businesse contented his conscience that he had set his title on foot and then quietly let it fall to the ground as counting it no policie to shew his teeth where he durst not bite Gibellinus never laid claim to the citie of Jerusalem whether it was because in thankfulnesse for this large ecclesiasticall power which King Baldwine had bestowed upon him or that his old age was too weak to strive with so strong an adversarie He sat foure yeares in his chair and Arnulphus thinking he went too slow to the grave is suspected to have given him something to have mended his pace and was himself substituted in his room by the especiall favour of King Baldwine This Arnulphus was called mala corona as if all vices met in him to dance a round And no wonder if the King being himself wantonly disposed advanced such a man for generally loose Patrones cannot abide to be pinched and pent with over-strict Chaplains Besides it was policie in him to choose such a Patriarch as was liable to exceptions for his vitious life that so if he began to bark against the King his mouth might be quickly stopped Arnulphus was as quiet as a lambe and durst never challenge his interest in Jerusalem from Godfreys donation as fearing to wrestle with the King who had him on the hip and could out him at pleasure for his bad manners Amongst other vices he was a great church-robber who to make Emmelor his niece a Princesse and to marry Eustace Prince of Sidon gave her the citie of Jericho for her dowrie and lands belonging to his See worth five thousand crowns yearly And though Papists may pretend that marriage causeth covetousnesse in the Clergie yet we shall find when the Prelacie were constrained to a single life that their nephews ate more church-bread then now the children of married Ministers Yea some Popes not onely fed their bastards with church-milk but even cut off the churches breasts for their pompous and magnificent maintenance And thus having dispatched the story of the Church in this Kings reigne we come now to handle the businesse of the Common-wealth entirely by it self Chap. 9. A mountain-like army of new adventurers after long and hard travail delivered of a mouse Alexius his treachery THe fame of the good successe in Palestine summoned a new supply of other Pilgrimes out of Christendome Germany and other places which were sparing at the first voyage made now amends with double liberality The chief adventurers were Guelpho Duke of Bavaria who formerly had been a great champion of the Popes against Henry the Emperour and from him they of the Papall faction were denominated Guelphes in distinction from the Imperiall party which were called Gibellines Hugh brother to the King of France and Stephen Earl of Bloys both which had much suffered in their reputation for deserting their fellows in the former expedition and therefore they sought to unstain their credits by going again Stephen Earl of Burgundy William Duke of Aquitain Frederick Count of Bogen Hugh brother to the Earl of Tholose besides many great Prelates Diemo Archbishop of Saltzburg the Bishops of Millain and Pavie which led 50000 out of Lombardy the totall summe amounting to 250000. All stood on the tiptoes of expectation to see what so great an army would atchieve men commonly measuring victories by the multitudes of the souldiers But they did nothing memorable save onely that so many went so farre to do nothing Their sufferings are more famous then their deeds being so consumed with plague famine and the sword that Conrade Abbot of Urspurg who went and wrote this voyage beleeveth that not a thousand of all these came into Palestine and those so poore that their bones would scarce hold together so that they were fitter to be sent into an hospitall then to march into the field having nothing about them wherewith to affright their enemies except it were the ghost-like ghastlinesse of their famished faces The army that came out of Lombardy were so eaten up by the swords of the Turks that no fragments of them were left nor news to be heard what was become of them And no wonder being led by Prelates unexperienced in martiall affairs which though perchance great Clerks were now to turn over a new leaf which they had no skill to reade Luther was wont to say that he would be unwilling to be a souldier in that army where Priests were Captains because the Church and not the Camp was their proper place whereas going to warre they willingly outed themselves of Gods protection being out of their vocation But the main matter which made this whole voyage miscarry in her travail was the treachery of the midwife through whose hands it was to passe For Alexius the Grecian Emperour feared lest betwixt the Latines in the East in Palestine and West in Europe as betwixt two milstones his Empire lying in the midst should be ground to powder Whereupon
little advantage the Turks proceedings that the Grecian Empire fell to Eudoxia a woman and her children in minoritie too weak pilots to steer so great a State in the tempest of warre And though after other changes it fell to Alexius one whose personall abilities were not to be excepted against yet he being totally busied at home to maintain his title against home-bred foes had no leisure to make any effectuall resistance against forrein enemies Nor did the death of Cutlen-Muses their king any whit prejudice the Turkish proceedings for Solyman his sonne succeeded him a Prince no lesse famous for his clemencie then his conquests as victory to generous minds is onely an inducement to moderation In this case under the tyrannie of the Turks stood Asia the lesse and though there were many Christians in every citie yet these being disarmed had no other weapons then those of the Primitive Church tears and prayers But now these Western Pilgrimes arriving there besiege the citie of Nice with an armie as glorious as ever the sunne beheld This citie was equally beholden to nature and art for her strength and was formerly famous for the first generall Councel called there by Constantine against Arius wherein were assembled 318 Bishops The Pilgrimes had a Lombard for their engineer the neighbouring wood afforded them materials whereof they made many warlike instruments and hoped speedily to conquer the citie But breathed deer are not so quickly caught The Turks within being experienced souldiers defeated their enterprises And here one might have seen art promising her self the victory and suddenly meeting with counter-art which mastered her The lake Ascanius whereon the citie stood having an out-let into the sea much advantaged the besieged whereby they fetcht victualls from the countrey till at last that passage was locked up by the Grecian fleet Soon after the citie was surrendred on composition that the inhabitants lives and goods should be untouched whereat the souldiers who hitherto hoped for the spoyl now seeing themselves spoyled of their hope shewed no small discontentment Solymans wife and young children were taken prisoners and the citie according to the agreement was delivered to Tatinus the Grecian Admirall in behalf of Alexius his master From hence the Christians set forward to the vale of Dogorgan when behold Solyman with all his might fell upon them and there followed a cruel battel fought with much courage and varietie of successe A cloud of arrows darkened the skie which was quickly dissolved into a showre a bloud The Christians had many disadvantages For their enemies were three to one and valour it self may be pressed to death under the weight of multitude The season was unseasonable the scorching of the sunne much annoying these northern people whilest the Turks had bodies of proof against the heat Besides the Christians horses affrighted with the barbarous sounds of the Turkish drummes were altogether unserviceable However they bravely maintained their fight by the speciall valour and wisdome of their leaders amongst whom Boemund and Hugh brother to the King of France deserved high commendations till at last finding themselves overmatched they began to guard their heads with their heels and fairly ran away When in came Robert the Normane in the very opportunity of opportunitie Much he encouraged them with his words more with his valour slaying three principall Turks with his own hands This sight so inspirited the Christians that coming in on fresh they obtained a most glorious victorie Two thousand on their side were slain whereof William the brother of Tancred Godfrey de Mont and Robert of Paris were of speciall note But farre greater was the slaughter of their enemies especially after that Godfrey of Bouillon who had been absent all the battel came in with his army yet they wanted a hammer to drive the victory home to the head having no horses to make the pursuit Solyman flying away burned all as he went and to prop up his credit gave it out that he had gotten the day pleasing himself to be a conquerour in report This great battel was fought July the first though some make it many dayes after Yea so great is the varietie of Historians in their dates that every one may seem to have a severall clock of time which they set faster or slower at their own pleasure but as long as they agree in the main we need not be much moved with their petty dissensions Chap. 17. The siege and taking of Antiochia Corboran overcome in fight of Christs spear and of holy fraud FRom hence with invincible industry and patience they bored a passage through valleys up mountains over rivers taking as they went the famous cities Iconium Heraclea Tarsus and conquering all the countrey of Cilicia This good successe much puffed them up God therefore to cure them of the pleurisie of pride did let them bloud with the long and costly siege of Antiochia This citie watered by the river Orontes and called Reblath of the Hebrews was built by Seleucus Nicanor and enlarged by Antiochus Compassed it was with a double wall one of square stone the other of brick strengthened with 460 towres and had a castle on the East rather to be admired then assaulted Here the professours of our faith were first named Christians and here S. Peter first sat Bishop whose fair church was a Patriarchall seat for many hundred yeares after Before this city the Pilgrimes army incamped and strongly besieged it but the Turks within manfully defending themselves under Auxianus their captain frustrated their hopes of taking it by force The siege grew long and victuals short in the Christians camp and now Peter the Hermite being brought to the touch-stone discovered what base metall he was of ran away with some other of good note and were fetcht back again and bound with a new oath to prosecute the warre At last one within the citie though Authours agree neither of his name nor religion some making him a Turk others a Christian some calling him Pyrrhus some Hemirpherrus others Emipher in the dead of the night betrayed the citie to Boemund The Christians issuing in and exasperated with the length of the siege so remembred what they had suffered that they forgot what they had to do killing promiscuously Christian citizens with Turks Thus passions like heavie bodies down steep hills once in motion move themselves and know no ground but the bottom Antiochia thus taken was offered to Alexius the Emperour but he refused it suspecting some deceit in the tender as bad men measure other mens minds by the crooked rule of their own Hereupon it was bestowed on Boemund though this place dearly purchased was not long quietly possessed For Corboran the Turkish Generall came with a vast armie of Persian forces and besieged the Christians in the citie so that they were brought into a great strait betwixt death and death hunger within and their foes without Many
Bishop of Duresme the most triumphant Prelate of the English militant Church except Cardinall Wolsey He founded and endowed a Colledge for Prebends at Chester in the Bishoprick of Duresme Yet no doubt he had done a deed more acceptable to God if in stead of sacrifice he had done justice and not defrauded the Lord Vessie's heir to whom he was guardian Let those who are delighted with Sciographie paint out if they please these shadow-Patriarchs as also those of Antioch and deduce their succession to this day For this custome still continueth and I find the Suffraganes to severall Archbishops and Bishops in Germany and France style themselves Bishops of Palestine for example The Suffraganes of 1 Tornay 2 Munster 3 Mentz 4 Utrecht 5 Sens 6 Triers write themselves Bishops of 1 Sarepta 2 Ptolemais 3 Sidon 4 Hebron 5 Cesarea 6 Azotus But well did one in the Councel of Trent give these titular Bishops the title of figmenta humana mans devices because they have as little ground in Gods word and the ancient Canons for their making as ground in Palestine for their maintenance Yea a titular Bishop soundeth a contradiction for a Bishop and a Church or Diocese are relatives as a husband and his wife Besides these Bishops by ascending to so high an honour were fain to descend to many indecencies and indignities to support themselves with many corruptions in selling of Orders they conferred the truest and basest Simonie However the Pope still continueth in making of them First because it is conceived to conduce to the state and amplitude of the Romane Church to have so many Bishops in it as it is the credit of the Apothecarie to have his shop full though many outside-painted pots be emptie within Secondly hereby his Holinesse hath a facile and cheap way both to gratifie and engage ambitious spirits and such Chameleons as love to feed on aire Yea the Pope is not onely free of spirituall dignities but also of temporall titular honours as when in the dayes of Queen Elisabeth he made Thomas Stukely a bankrupt in his loyaltie as well as in his estate Marquesse of Leinster Earl of Weifford and Caterlogh Vicount Murrough Baron Rosse and Hydron in Ireland The best is these honours were not heavie nor long worn he being slain soon after in Barbarie else the number of them would have broken his back Lastly there is a reall use made of these nominall Bishops for these ciphres joyned with figures will swell a number and sway a side in a generall Councel as his Holinesse pleaseth so that he shall truly cogere concilium both gather and compell it Of the foure Archbishops which were at the first session in the Councel of Trent two were merely titular who never had their feet in those Churches whence they took their honour But enough hereof Now to matters of the common-wealth Chap. 3. Frederick Barbarossa his setting forth to the Holy land Of the tyrannous Grecian Emperours MAtter 's going thus wofully in Palestine the Christians sighs there were alarms to stirre up their brethren in Europe to go to help them and chiefly Frederick Barbarossa the Germane Emperour Impute it not to the weaknesse of his judgement but the strength of his devotion that at seventy yeares of age having one foot in his grave he would set the other on Pilgrimage We must know that this Emperour had been long tied to the stake and baited with seven fresh successive Popes till at last not conquered with the strength but wearied with the continuance of their malice he gave himself up to be ordered by them and Pope Clement the third sent him on this voyage into the Holy land Marching through Hungarie with a great armie of one hundred and fiftie thousand valiant souldiers he was welcomed by King Bela. But changing his host his entertainment was changed being basely used when he entred into the Grecian Empire Of the Emperours whereof we must speak somewhat For though being to write the Holy warre I will climbe no hedges to trespasse on any other story yet will I take leave to go the high-way and touch on the succession of those Princes which lead to the present discourse When Conrade Emperour of Germanie last passed this way Emmanuel was Emperour in Greece Who having reigned thirtie eight yeares left his place to Alexius his sonne A youth the depth of whose capacitie onely reached to understand pleasure governed by the factious nobilitie till in his third yeare he was strangled by Andronicus his cousin Andronicus succeeded him a diligent reader and a great lover of S. Pauls epistles but a bad practiser of them Who rather observing the Devils rule That it is the best way for those who have been bad to be still worse fensing his former villanies by committing new ones held by tyrannie what he had gotten by usurpation till having lived in the bloud of others he died in his own tortured to death by the headlesse multitude from whom he received all the cruelties which might be expected from servile natures when they command Then Isaacius Angelus of the Emperiall bloud was placed in his throne of whom partly before Nero-like he began mildly but soon fell to the trade of tyrannie no personall but the hereditarie sinne of these Emperours He succeeded also to their suspicions against the Latines as if they came through his countrey for some sinister ends This jealous Emperour reigned when Frederick with his armie passed this way and many bad offices were done bewixt these two Emperours by unfaithfull Embassadours as such false mediums have often deceived the best eyes But Frederick finding perfidious dealing in the Greeks was drawn to draw his sword taking as he went Philippople Adrianople and many other cities not so much to get their spoil as his own securitie Isaac understanding hereof and seeing these Pilgrimes would either find or make their passage left all terms of enmitie and fell to a fair complying accommodating them with all necessaries for their transportation over the Bosporus pretending to hasten them away because the Christians exigencies in Palestine admitted of no delay doing it indeed for fear the Grecians loving the Latines best when they are furthest from them Chap. 4. The great victories and wofull death of Frederick the worthy Emperour FRederick entring into the territories of the Turkish Sultan of Iconium found great resistance but vanquished his enemies in foure severall set battels Iconium he took by force giving the spoil thereof to his souldiers in revenge of the injuries done to his uncle Conrade the Emperour by the Sultan of that place The citie of Philomela he made to sing a dolefull tune rasing it to the ground and executing all the people therein as rebells against the law of nations for killing his Embassadours and so came with much difficulty and honour into Syria Saladine shook for fear hearing of his coming
willingly But at last he was made to stoop and retired himself to a private life appointing Baldwine his nephew a child of five yeares old his successour and Guy Earl of Joppa and Askelon this childs father in law to be Protectour of the Realm in his minority But soon after he revoked this latter act and designed Reimund Earl of Tripoli for the Protectour He displaced Guy because he found him of no over-weight worth scarce passable without favourable allowance little feared of his foes and as little loved of his friends The more martiall Christians sleighted him as a slug and neglected so lazy a leader that could not keep pace with those that were to follow him Yea they refused whilest he was Protectour at his command to fight with Saladine and out of distast to their Generall suffered their enemie freely to forrage which was never done before For the Christians never met any Turks wandring in the Holy land but on even terms they would examine their passe-port how sufficient it was and bid them battel Guy stormed at his displacing and though little valiant yet very â—ullen left the Court in discontent went home and fortified his cities of Joppa and Askelon What should King Baldwine do in this case Whom should he make Protectour Guy had too little Reimund too much spirit for the place He feared Guy's cowardlinesse lest he should lose the kingdome to the Turks and Reimunds treachery lest he should get it for himself Thus anguish of mind and weaknesse of bodie a doughtie conquest for their united strengths which single might suffice ended this Kings dayes dying young at five and twenty yeares of age But if by the morning we may guesse at the day he would have been no whit inferiour to any of his predecessours especially if his body had been able but alas it spoiled the musick of his soul that the instrument was quite out of tune He reigned twelve yeares and was buried in the Temple of the Sepulchre a King happie in this that he died before the death of his Kingdome Chap. 43. The short life and wofull death of Baldwine the fifth an infant Guy his father in law succeedeth him IT is a rare happinesse of the family of S. Laurence Barons of Hoath in Ireland that the heirs for 400 yeares together alwayes have been of age before the death of their fathers For Minors have not onely baned families but ruined realms It is one of Gods threatnings I will give children to be their Princes and babes shall rule over them With this rod God strook the Kingdome of Jerusalem thrice in 40 yeares Baldwine the third fourth and fifth being all under age and this last but five yeares old He was the posthumus sonne of William Marquesse of Montferrat by Sibyll his wife sister to Baldwine the fourth daughter to King Almerick She afterwards was married to Guy Earl of Joppa and Askelon Now Reimund Earl of Tripoli challenged to be Protectour of this young King by the vertue of an Act of the former King so assigning him But Sibyll mother to this infant to defeat Reimund first murdered all naturall affection in her self and then by poyson murdered her sonne that so the Crown in her right might come to her husband Guy This Baldwine reigned eight moneths eight dayes saith mistaken Munster and some mistake more who make him not to reigne at all cruel to wrong his memorie of his honour whom his mother had robbed both of his life and Kingdome His death was concealed till Guy his father in law had obtained by large bribes to the Templars and Heraclius the Patriarch to be crowned King One more ennobled with his descent from the ancient family of the Lusignans in Poictou then for any eminencie in himself His gifts were better then his endowments Yet had he been more fortunate he would have been accounted more vertuous men commonly censuring that the fault of the King which is the fate of the kingdome And now the Christian affairs here posted to their wofull period being spurred on by the discords of the Princes Chap. 44. Church-affairs Of Haymericus Patriarch of Antioch Of the Grecian Anti-patriarchs and of the learned Theodorus Balsamon WHilest Heraclius did Patriarch it in Jerusalem one Haymericus had the same honour at Antioch He wrote to Henry the second King of England a bemoning letter of the Christians in the East and from him received another fraught with never-performed fair promises This man must needs be different from that Haymericus who began his Patriarchship in Antioch anno 1143 and sat but twelve yeares say the Centuriatours But Baronius as different from them sometimes in Chronologie as Divinitie maketh them the same Then must he be a through-old man enjoying his place above fourtie yeares being probably before he wore the style of Patriarch well worn in yeares himself I must confesse it passeth my Chymistrie to extract any agreement herein out of the contrariety of writers We must also take notice that besides the Latine Patriarchs in Jerusalem and Antioch there were also Grecian Anti-patriarchs appointed by the Emperour of Constantinople who having no temporall power nor profit by Church-lands had onely jurisdiction over those of the Greek Church We find not the chain of their succession but here and there light on a link and at this time in Jerusalem on three successively 1. Athanasius whom though one out of his abundant charitie is pleased to style a Schismatick yet was he both pious and learned as appeareth by his epistles 2. Leontius commended likewise to posteritie for a good Clerk and an honest man 3. Dositheus inferiour to the former in both respects Isaac the Grecian Emperour sent to make him Patriarch of Constantinople and Dositheus catching at both held neither but betwixt two Patriarchs chairs fell to the ground Antioch also had her Greek Patriarchs As one Sotericus displaced for maintaining some unsound tenets about our Saviour After him Theodorus Balsamon the oracle of the learned Law in his age He compiled and commented on the ancient Canons and principally set forth the priviledges of Constantinople listening say the Romanists to the least noise that soundeth to the advancing of the Eastern Churches and knocking down Rome wheresoever it peepeth above Constantinople This maketh Bellarmine except against him as a partiall writer because a true Historian should be neither partie advocate nor judge but a bare witnesse By Isaac the Grecian Emperour this Balsamon was also deceived he pretended to remove him to Constantinople on condition he would prove the translation of the Patriarch to be legall which is forbidden by the Canons Balsamon took upon him to prove it and a Lawyers brains will beat to purpose when his own preferment is the fee. But herein he did but crack the nut for another to eat the kernel For the Emperour mutable in his mind changing his favourites as well