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time_n pope_n gregory_n send_v we_o baptism_n that_o be_v make_v the_o english_a saxon_n christian_n in_o the_o 32d_o year_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n this_o year_n as_o bede_n and_o also_o the_o saxon_a annal_n relate_v dlxu._n columba_n the_o priest_n or_o presbyter_n come_v out_o of_o ireland_n which_o in_o his_o epitome_n he_o also_o call_v scotland_n to_o preach_v the_o word_n of_o god_n to_o the_o northern_a pict_n that_o be_v 4._o those_o that_o be_v divide_v from_o the_o southern_a by_o a_o large_a tract_n of_o high_a mountain_n for_o the_o southern_a pict_n have_v be_v already_o convert_v from_o idolatry_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n by_o nynias_n a_o reverend_a bishop_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n as_o have_v be_v already_o declare_v but_o columba_n come_v into_o britain_n in_o the_o 9th_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o bridius_n the_o son_n of_o meiloch_n king_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o have_v convert_v the_o say_a nation_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n receive_v the_o 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to_o show_v that_o he_o acknowledge_v the_o episcopal_a order_n superior_a to_o his_o own_o and_o that_o the_o scot_n ever_o acknowledge_v that_o bishop_n be_v necessary_a for_o the_o ordain_v of_o other_o in_o the_o ministry_n the_o say_a bishop_n further_o urge_v from_o bede_n 3._o who_o there_o tell_v we_o there_o be_v a_o bishop_n of_o all_o that_o province_n as_o also_o from_o another_o place_n in_o the_o say_a author_n where_o he_o relate_v that_o when_o king_n oswald_n become_v a_o christian_n desire_v to_o have_v a_o bishop_n from_o hy._n to_o plant_v a_o church_n among_o his_o northumbrian_n aidan_n be_v send_v to_o he_o have_v first_o receive_v the_o degree_n of_o a_o bishop_n in_o the_o time_n when_o segenius_n abbot_n and_o priest_n be_v over_o that_o monastery_n and_o also_o that_o after_o he_o come_v into_o northumberland_n he_o choose_v the_o place_n for_o his_o episcopal_n see_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o
afraid_a least_o by_o the_o miracle_n that_o be_v now_o wrought_v his_o mind_n may_v be_v puff_v up_o by_o vain_a glory_n therefore_o that_o he_o ought_v still_o to_o remember_v that_o when_o the_o disciple_n return_v from_o their_o preach_n with_o joy_n say_v to_o their_o heavenly_a master_n lord_n in_o thy_o name_n the_o devil_n be_v subject_a unto_o we_o they_o present_o receive_v a_o rebuke_n rejoice_v not_o for_o this_o but_o rather_o rejoice_v that_o your_o name_n be_v write_v in_o heaven_n bede_n also_o tell_v we_o that_o pope_n gregory_n about_o this_o time_n send_v king_n ethelbert_n many_o noble_a present_n together_o with_o a_o letter_n full_a of_o good_a advice_n and_o instruction_n ibid._n exhort_v he_o to_o cultivate_v that_o grace_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v by_o the_o especial_a providence_n of_o god_n to_o make_v haste_n to_o propagate_v the_o christian_a faith_n among_o his_o subject_n to_o increase_v the_o fervency_n of_o his_o own_o faith_n by_o further_a their_o conversion_n to_o destroy_v the_o worship_n of_o idol_n to_o establish_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o the_o purity_n of_o life_n by_o exhort_v encourage_v and_o correct_v they_o and_o by_o show_v himself_o as_o example_n of_o good_a work_n that_o so_o he_o may_v find_v his_o reward_n in_o heaven_n then_o propose_v to_o he_o the_o example_n of_o constantine_n the_o emperor_n dci_o who_o have_v free_v the_o commonwealth_n from_o idol_n to_o the_o worship_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n advise_v he_o to_o hearken_v to_o and_o perform_v the_o good_a advice_n which_o shall_v be_v give_v he_o by_o augustine_n the_o bishop_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v trouble_v in_o mind_n if_o he_o shall_v see_v any_o terror_n or_o prodigy_n from_o heaven_n contrary_a to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o the_o season_n as_o tempest_n famine_n and_o the_o like_a since_o the_o lord_n have_v already_o foretell_v that_o such_o thing_n shall_v happen_v before_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n then_o conclude_v with_o wish_v a_o more_o perfect_a conversion_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o that_o god_n will_v preserve_v and_o perfect_v he_o in_o the_o grace_n he_o have_v begin_v and_o after_o a_o course_n of_o many_o year_n will_v receive_v he_o into_o the_o fellowship_n of_o the_o saint_n above_o these_o letter_n bear_v the_o same_o date_n with_o the_o former_a and_o so_o must_v be_v write_v in_o the_o same_o year_n i_o have_v dwell_v the_o long_a on_o these_o thing_n to_o let_v you_o see_v that_o the_o primitive_a christian_a temper_n have_v not_o yet_o leave_v the_o bishop_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n tho'_o infect_v with_o some_o superstition_n let_v we_o now_o return_v to_o our_o civil_a history_n dcii_o from_o which_o we_o have_v so_o long_o digress_v about_o this_o time_n when_o ethelbert_n and_o his_o people_n be_v whole_o take_v up_o in_o act_n of_o piety_n ethelfrid_n still_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n who_o be_v a_o warlike_a prince_n and_o most_o ambitious_a of_o glory_n 34._o have_v waste_v the_o britain_n more_o than_o any_o other_o saxon_a king_n of_o his_o time_n win_v from_o they_o divers_a large_a territory_n which_o he_o either_o make_v tributary_n or_o plant_v with_o his_o own_o subject_n whence_o adian_n as_o bede_n or_o aedan_n or_o aegthan_n as_o the_o saxon_a chronicle_n call_v he_o grow_v jealous_a of_o ethelfred_n great_a success_n come_v against_o he_o with_o a_o great_a and_o powerful_a army_n to_o a_o place_n call_v degsastan_a or_o degstan_n and_o be_v there_o rout_v lose_v most_o of_o his_o man_n but_o in_o this_o battle_n theobald_n the_o brother_n of_o ethelfrid_n be_v slay_v that_o part_n or_o wing_n of_o the_o army_n which_o he_o command_v be_v unfortunate_o cut_v off_o yet_o nevertheless_o the_o loss_n be_v so_o great_a on_o the_o scotish_n side_n that_o no_o king_n of_o the_o scot_n dare_v any_o more_o in_o hostile_a manner_n march_v into_o britain_n to_o the_o time_n that_o bede_n write_v his_o history_n which_o be_v above_o a_o hundred_o year_n after_o he_o also_o tell_v we_o that_o this_o happen_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n phocas_n buchanan_n in_o his_o scotch_a history_n write_v that_o this_o ethelfrid_n assist_v by_o keawlin_fw-ge who_o he_o mistiles_a king_n of_o the_o east_n instead_o of_o the_o westsaxon_n have_v before_o this_o time_n fight_v a_o battle_n with_o this_o adian_a wherein_o cutha_n keawlin_n son_n be_v slay_v but_o neither_o the_o saxon_a chronicle_n nor_o any_o of_o our_o english_a historian_n mention_v any_o such_o thing_n for_o this_o cutha_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o say_a chronicle_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o year_n 584._o fight_v against_o the_o welsh_a the_o number_n of_o christian_n begin_v now_o to_o multiply_v not_o only_o in_o kent_n dciu_o but_o other_o country_n augustine_n find_v it_o necessary_a to_o ordain_v two_o other_o bishop_n mellitus_n and_o justus_n send_v mellitus_n to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o east_n saxon_n 3._o which_o be_v divide_v from_o that_o of_o kent_n by_o the_o river_n thamesis_n over_o which_o nation_n sebert_n the_o son_n of_o richala_n the_o sister_n of_o k._n ethelbert_n then_o reign_v tho'_o under_o his_o authority_n ann._n for_o he_o have_v then_o the_o supreme_a command_n over_o all_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n as_o far_o as_o the_o bank_n of_o humber_n but_o when_o this_o province_n have_v by_o the_o preach_n of_o mellitus_n receive_v the_o gospel_n of_o christ_n k._n sebert_n also_o baptize_v ethelbert_n cause_v the_o church_n of_o st._n paul_n to_o be_v build_v at_o london_n where_o mellitus_n and_o his_o successor_n shall_v fix_v their_o episcopal_a see_n but_o as_o for_o the_o other_o bishop_n justus_n augustine_n ordain_v he_o bishop_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o kent_n of_o a_o certain_a little_a city_n then_o call_v rofcaester_n now_o rochester_n be_v about_o twenty_o mile_n from_o canterbury_n dciu_o in_o which_o king_n ethelbert_n build_v the_o church_n of_o st._n andrew_n and_o bestow_v good_a endowment_n on_o it_o hitherto_o augustine_n have_v labour_v only_o to_o convert_v infidel_n but_o now_o he_o take_v upon_o he_o 2._o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o archiepiscopal_n or_o rather_o legatine_n authority_n which_o the_o pope_n have_v confer_v upon_o he_o over_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o britain_n proper_o so_o call_v to_o make_v a_o general_a visitation_n of_o his_o province_n and_o come_v as_o far_o as_o the_o border_n of_o wales_n be_v assist_v by_o the_o power_n of_o king_n ethelbert_n he_o summon_v all_o the_o british_a bishop_n of_o the_o adjoin_a province_n to_o a_o synod_n at_o a_o place_n call_v in_o bede_n time_n augustine_n ake_n or_o oak_n than_o scituate_n on_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o wecti_n now_o the_o diocese_n of_o worcester_n and_o the_o west_n saxon_n suppose_v to_o be_v somewhere_o on_o the_o edge_n of_o worcester-shire_n and_o begin_v to_o persuade_v they_o by_o brotherly_a admonition_n that_o they_o will_v maintain_v the_o catholic_n unity_n and_o also_o join_v in_o the_o work_n of_o preach_v the_o gospel_n to_o the_o infidel_n nation_n for_o there_o be_v then_o a_o great_a difference_n between_o they_o about_o the_o rule_n of_o keep_v easter_n which_o bede_n tell_v we_o the_o britain_n do_v not_o keep_v at_o a_o right_a time_n but_o observe_v it_o from_o the_o fourteen_o to_o the_o twenty_o day_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o computation_n be_v continue_v in_o a_o cycle_n of_o eighty_o four_o year_n which_o account_n be_v somewhat_o obscure_a i_o shall_v for_o the_o clear_n of_o it_o set_v down_o what_o the_o learned_a bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n have_v give_v we_o upon_o this_o subject_n in_o his_o historical_a account_n of_o church_n government_n already_o cite_v in_o the_o last_o book_n where_o he_o take_v notice_n 67._o that_o this_o cycle_n of_o eighty_o four_o year_n which_o be_v also_o call_v the_o roman_a account_n etc._n so_o late_o as_o in_o pope_n leo_n time_n the_o scot_n and_o south_n pict_n use_v the_o same_o cycle_n from_o the_o time_n of_o their_o conversion_n and_o so_o do_v the_o britain_n without_o any_o manner_n of_o alteration_n but_o about_o eighty_o year_n after_o the_o rend_n in_o piece_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o roman_n have_v leave_v off_o the_o use_n of_o that_o cycle_n take_v up_o another_o of_o nineteen_o year_n which_o though_o it_o be_v better_a in_o many_o respect_n yet_o be_v new_a in_o these_o part_n and_o make_v a_o great_a difference_n from_o the_o former_a and_o when_o the_o roman_n have_v use_v this_o new_a cycle_n another_o eighty_o year_n come_v then_o to_o have_v to_o do_v with_o these_o northern_a nation_n who_o be_v yet_o ignorant_a of_o it_o they_o will_v needs_o impose_v the_o use_n of_o it_o upon_o they_o as_o a_o necessary_a condition_n of_o their_o
the_o ruin_n which_o the_o mercian_n arm_n and_o tyranny_n have_v bring_v upon_o the_o church_n of_o the_o east_n angle_n reduce_v by_o war_n to_o extreme_a poverty_n and_o consequent_o to_o a_o neglect_n of_o piety_n and_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n and_o thus_o he_o reign_v 14_o year_n in_o peace_n with_o the_o affection_n of_o all_o his_o subject_n till_o god_n be_v please_v by_o send_v the_o pagan_a dane_n as_o a_o scourge_n to_o his_o country_n to_o render_v this_o prince_n a_o high_a example_n of_o christian_a fortitude_n and_o constancy_n king_n ethelbald_n and_o king_n ethelred_n after_o the_o death_n of_o ethelwulf_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n dccclvii_o his_o two_o elder_a son_n divide_v their_o father_n kingdom_n according_a to_o his_o will_n ethelbald_n his_o elder_a son_n succeed_v he_o in_o west_n saxony_n whilst_o his_o young_a brother_n ethelred_n reign_v in_o kent_n as_o also_o over_o the_o east_n and_o south_n saxon_n and_o now_o according_a to_o our_o annal_n the_o pope_n hear_v of_o the_o death_n of_o king_n ethelwulf_n anoint_a alfred_n to_o be_v king_n and_o also_o deliver_v he_o to_o a_o bishop_n to_o be_v confirm_v dccclvii_o if_o this_o be_v so_o the_o king_n his_o father_n must_v have_v leave_v he_o behind_o at_o rome_n for_o asser_n say_v express_o that_o he_o go_v thither_o with_o he_o but_o over_o what_o kingdom_n the_o pope_n shall_v anoint_v he_o i_o know_v not_o unless_o foretell_v by_o way_n of_o prophecy_n he_o will_v be_v king_n after_o his_o brother_n but_o as_o for_o king_n ethelbald_n abovementioned_a both_o engulf_n and_o will._n of_o malmesbury_n give_v he_o a_o very_a bad_a character_n that_o he_o marry_v judeth_n his_o father_n widow_n and_o be_v also_o beside_o both_o lazy_a and_o perfidious_a but_o sacr._n thomas_n redborne_n in_o his_o large_a history_n of_o winchester_n say_z that_o by_o the_o admonition_n of_o swithin_n bishop_n of_o that_o church_n he_o repent_v of_o his_o incest_n and_o put_v away_o jude_v his_o mother-in-law_n and_o observe_v all_o thing_n that_o the_o bishop_n enjoin_v he_o this_o author_n far_o relate_v from_o one_o gerard_n of_o cornwal_n history_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_a king_n not_o now_o extant_a that_o i_o know_v of_o that_o he_o die_v in_o a_o few_o year_n after_o without_o do_v or_o suffer_v any_o thing_n that_o deserve_v to_o be_v mention_v for_o we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o the_o dane_n trouble_v this_o kingdom_n all_o his_o reign_n concern_v the_o length_n of_o which_o there_o be_v very_o different_a relation_n among_o our_o historian_n the_o saxon_a annal_n and_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n make_v he_o to_o have_v reign_v 5_o year_n whereas_o asser_n and_o ingulph_n allow_v he_o but_o two_o and_o a_o half_a which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o true_a account_n for_o if_o king_n ethelwulf_n return_v from_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n 855_o and_o live_v above_o two_o year_n after_o it_o be_v plain_a king_n ethelbald_n can_v not_o reign_v above_o two_o year_n and_o a_o half_a for_o the_o saxon_a annal_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o the_o next_o year_n but_o one_o viz._n dccclx_o king_n ethelbald_n decease_v and_o that_o his_o body_n be_v bury_v at_o scireborne_v king_n ethelbert_n alone_o theâ—_n aethelbryght_a his_o brother_n take_v the_o kingdom_n and_o hold_v it_o in_o great_a concord_n and_o quiet_n i_o suppose_v our_o author_n mean_v from_o domestic_a commotion_n for_o he_o immediate_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o this_o king_n time_n there_o come_v a_o army_n of_o danes_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o take_v winchester_n with_o who_o in_o their_o return_n to_o their_o ship_n osric_n and_o aethelwulf_n the_o ealdorman_n with_o the_o hampshire_n and_o berkshire-man_n fight_v and_o put_v the_o dane_n to_o flight_n and_o keep_v the_o field_n of_o battle_n but_o the_o annal_n do_v not_o tell_v we_o in_o what_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n this_o invasion_n happen_v dccclxi_o '_o this_o year_n decease_v st._n swithune_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n now_o concern_v this_o holy_a bishop_n as_o also_o alstan_n bishop_n of_o shirbone_n la._n william_n of_o malmesbury_n give_v we_o this_o character_n which_o omit_v all_o the_o bedroll_n of_o miracle_n that_o follow_v i_o shall_v here_o set_v down_o king_n aethelwulf_n bear_v a_o great_a reverence_n to_o st._n swithune_n who_o he_o call_v his_o teacher_n and_o master_n desist_v not_o till_o he_o have_v honour_v he_o with_o the_o government_n of_o the_o say_a bishopric_n so_o that_o he_o be_v consecrate_a with_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n and_o joy_n of_o all_o the_o whole_a clergy_n of_o that_o diocese_n by_o cealâ—oth_n arch_a bishop_n of_o canterbury_n hereby_o bishop_n swithune_n authority_n increase_a his_o counsel_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n prove_v of_o great_a weight_n so_o that_o by_o his_o admonition_n both_o the_o church_n and_o state_n receive_v great_a benefit_n and_o indeed_o he_o be_v a_o rich_a treasure_n of_o all_o virtue_n but_o those_o in_o which_o he_o take_v most_o delight_n be_v humility_n and_o clemency_n and_o in_o the_o discharge_n of_o his_o episcopal_a function_n he_o omit_v nothing_o belong_v to_o a_o true_a pastor_n by_o his_o assistance_n principal_o dccclxv_o together_o with_o that_o of_o the_o prudent_a and_o courageous_a prelate_n alstan_n bishop_n of_o shirborne_n king_n aethelwulf_n be_v enable_v to_o support_v the_o calamity_n his_o kingdom_n suffer_v by_o the_o frequent_a eruption_n of_o the_o dane_n for_o these_o two_o be_v his_o principal_a counsellor_n in_o all_o affair_n bishop_n swithune_n who_o contemn_v worldly_a thing_n inform_v his_o lord_n in_o all_o matter_n which_o concern_v his_o soul_n whilst_o alstan_n judge_v that_o temporal_a advantage_n be_v not_o to_o be_v neglect_v encourage_v he_o to_o oppose_v the_o dane_n and_o provide_v money_n for_o his_o exchequer_n and_o also_o order_v his_o army_n so_o that_o tho'_o this_o king_n be_v of_o a_o slow_a unactive_a nature_n yet_o by_o the_o admonition_n of_o these_o two_o worthy_a counsellor_n he_o govern_v his_o kingdom_n prudent_o and_o happy_o many_o noble_a design_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o church_n and_o state_n be_v well_o begin_v be_v prosperous_o execute_v in_o his_o reign_n this_o year_n the_o danish_a army_n land_v in_o thanet_n and_o winter_v there_o make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o kentish-man_n who_o promise_v they_o money_n provide_v they_o will_v keep_v the_o peace_n under_o pretence_n of_o which_o and_o of_o the_o money_n promise_v the_o dane_n steal_v out_o of_o their_o camp_n and_o waste_v all_o the_o east_n part_n of_o kent_n for_o as_o asser_n well_o observe_v they_o know_v they_o can_v get_v more_o by_o plunder_n than_o by_o peace_n now_o according_a to_o the_o same_o annal_n king_n aethelbryht_v die_v dccclxvi_o to_o the_o great_a grief_n of_o his_o subject_n have_v govern_v the_o kingdom_n 5_o year_n with_o a_o general_a satisfaction_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o scyreburne_n near_o to_o his_o brother_n this_o prince_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v have_v a_o son_n call_v ethelwald_n who_o you_o will_v find_v in_o this_o history_n to_o have_v raise_v a_o rebellion_n against_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a many_o year_n after_o king_n ethelred_n then_o according_a to_o the_o annal_n aethelred_n brother_n to_o the_o late_a king_n begin_v his_o reign_n and_o the_o same_o year_n a_o great_a army_n of_o dane_n land_v in_o england_n and_o take_v up_o their_o winter_n quarter_n among_o the_o east_n angle_n and_o there_o turn_v horseman_n and_o that_o nation_n be_v force_v to_o make_v peace_n with_o they_o then_o the_o pagan_a army_n sail_v from_o the_o east_n angle_n dccclxvii_o and_o go_v up_o the_o river_n humber_n to_o the_o city_n of_o york_n where_o be_v at_o that_o time_n great_a discord_n between_o the_o people_n of_o that_o nation_n i_o shall_v here_o give_v you_o asser_n account_n of_o this_o transaction_n be_v to_o the_o same_o effect_n tho'_o more_o particular_a than_o that_o in_o the_o annal_n themselves_o for_o say_v he_o the_o northumber_n have_v now_o expel_v osbright_n their_o lawful_a king_n and_o have_v set_v up_o a_o tyrant_n or_o usurper_n one_o aella_n who_o be_v not_o descend_v of_o the_o royal_a line_n but_o now_o when_o the_o pagan_n invade_v they_o by_o the_o intercession_n of_o the_o great_a man_n and_o for_o the_o common_a safety_n the_o two_o king_n join_v their_o force_n and_o so_o march_v to_o york_n at_o who_o come_v the_o dane_n present_o flee_v and_o endeavour_v to_o defend_v themselves_o within_o the_o city_n which_o the_o christian_n perceive_v resolve_v to_o follow_v they_o to_o the_o very_a wall_n and_o break_v in_o and_o enter_v the_o town_n with_o they_o for_o it_o seem_v that_o city_n have_v not_o in_o those_o time_n such_o strong_a wall_n as_o they_o have_v when_o asser_n write_v his_o history_n therefore_o when_o the_o christian_n have_v make_v a_o breach_n in_o the_o wall_n as_o
these_o objection_n archbishop_n usher_n in_o his_o ant._n brit._n ecclesiae_fw-la give_v we_o a_o satisfactory_a answer_n viz._n that_o before_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o saxon_n to_o settle_v here_o it_o appear_v ccccxxxv_n that_o they_o make_v several_a incursion_n by_o sea_n as_o have_v be_v already_o prove_v from_o divers_a authority_n and_o further_o paulus_n diaconus_fw-la in_o the_o relation_n of_o this_o story_n express_o say_v that_o while_o these_o bishop_n be_v here_o a_o strong_a army_n of_o scot_n and_o pict_n invade_v britain_n but_o as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o miracle_n and_o action_n of_o germanus_n and_o lupus_n in_o britain_n since_o they_o be_v only_o relate_v by_o nennius_n and_o some_o of_o our_o english_a monk_n from_o certain_a legend_n of_o little_a or_o no_o credit_n as_o write_v long_o after_o those_o time_n i_o shall_v whole_o omit_v they_o only_o can_v wish_v that_o the_o writer_n of_o this_o story_n will_v have_v give_v we_o as_o exact_v a_o relation_n of_o civil_a affair_n in_o this_o island_n as_o they_o do_v of_o those_o concern_v the_o religion_n of_o this_o age_n that_o we_o may_v have_v know_v what_o king_n or_o governor_n the_o britain_n have_v from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o last_o departure_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o the_o make_n of_o vortigern_n king_n the_o want_n of_o which_o no_o doubt_n be_v a_o great_a encouragement_n to_o geoffery_n of_o monmouth_n to_o forge_v so_o many_o fictitious_a prince_n during_o this_o interval_n but_o for_o the_o other_o objection_n it_o be_v i_o confess_v somewhat_o hard_o to_o be_v answer_v some_o modern_a writer_n suppose_v that_o in_o that_o sad_a confusion_n and_o corruption_n of_o manner_n that_o happen_v after_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o roman_n a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o britain_n turn_v idolater_n or_o else_o which_o be_v most_o likely_a be_v christian_n but_o in_o name_n and_o so_o have_v never_o be_v baptise_a at_o all_o till_o now_o i_o shall_v now_o conclude_v 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the_o say_a pope_n to_o convert_v the_o scot_n to_o christ_n but_o be_v hinder_v from_o god_n by_o certain_a tempest_n depart_v from_o ireland_n and_o arrive_v in_o britain_n and_o there_o die_v in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o pict_n in_o which_o he_o be_v also_o follow_v by_o probus_n and_o joseline_n in_o their_o life_n of_o s._n patrick_n who_o tho'_o they_o agree_v that_o palladius_n be_v send_v to_o convert_n ireland_n yet_o differ_v from_o he_o in_o the_o account_n how_o he_o come_v to_o fail_v in_o his_o design_n lay_v the_o fault_n upon_o the_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o irish_a who_o will_v not_o receive_v his_o doctrine_n but_o they_o both_o agree_v with_o nennius_n that_o thereupon_o he_o leave_v ireland_n and_o die_v in_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o pict_n this_o difference_n in_o these_o copies_n have_v breed_v a_o great_a dispute_n between_o the_o english_a antiquary_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o scotish_n historian_n and_o antiquary_n on_o the_o other_o the_o former_a 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the_o end_n of_o the_o five_o or_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o six_o century_n against_o which_o opinion_n though_o assert_v by_o so_o many_o learned_a man_n sir_n george_n mackenzy_n late_a lord_n advocate_n of_o scotland_n have_v write_v two_o treatise_n which_o he_o call_v a_o defence_n of_o the_o royal-line_n of_o scotland_n in_o the_o former_a of_o which_o write_v against_o the_o say_a bishop_n as_o well_o as_o the_o latter_a against_o dr._n stillingfleet_n he_o alter_v the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n from_o a_o ecclesiastical_a to_o a_o civil_a dispute_n make_v it_o a_o crime_n of_o loese_v majesty_n so_o much_o as_o to_o question_v the_o reality_n of_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n before_o fergus_n the_o second_o but_o omit_v the_o proof_n that_o he_o produce_v for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o scotish_n king_n before_o that_o time_n as_o also_o what_o he_o write_v for_o the_o scot_n conversion_n as_o perform_v in_o scotland_n and_o not_o in_o ireland_n be_v beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o our_o history_n i_o shall_v leave_v the_o reader_n for_o his_o far_a satisfaction_n to_o peruse_v those_o treatise_n if_o he_o think_v fit_a be_v write_v with_o great_a wit_n and_o smartness_n but_o since_o i_o find_v the_o time_n of_o palladius_n be_v send_v by_o the_o pope_n to_o the_o scot_n mention_v not_o only_o in_o bede_n but_o in_o our_o saxon_a chronicle_n i_o can_v not_o well_o omit_v put_v it_o down_o yet_o without_o take_v upon_o i_o positive_o to_o determine_v whither_o the_o scot_n of_o scotland_n or_o those_o of_o ireland_n be_v there_o mean_v since_o i_o confess_v the_o word_n be_v ambiguous_a and_o the_o copy_n differ_v as_o i_o have_v already_o show_v but_o the_o year_n after_o palladius_n be_v send_v to_o the_o scot_n whether_o in_o ireland_n or_o scotland_n the_o saxon_a annal_n tell_v we_o ccccxxx_n that_o patrick_n be_v send_v by_o the_o same_o pope_n celestine_n to_o preach_v baptism_n i._n e_o christianity_n to_o the_o scot_n although_o i_o find_v in_o the_o note_n of_o upon_o nennius_n p._n 129_o a_o chronicle_n note_v anno_fw-la dom._n 475_o venit_fw-la s._n patricius_n ad_fw-la hiberniam_fw-la now_o that_o these_o be_v the_o scot_n of_o ireland_n be_v agree_v on_o by_o all_o yet_o this_o controversy_n be_v make_v more_o intricate_a by_o what_o ranul_v higden_n write_v in_o his_o polychron_n l._n 4._o c._n 33._o celestinus_fw-la papa_n misit_fw-la s._n patricium_n ad_fw-la hiberniam_fw-la convertendam_fw-la &_o palladium_n romanum_fw-la diaconum_fw-la ad_fw-la scotos_fw-gr convertendos_fw-la anno_fw-la scil._n pontificatus_fw-la svi_fw-la ix_o and_o also_o by_o what_o be_v find_v in_o a_o manuscript_n copy_n of_o dicetus_n thus_o celestinus_fw-la papa_n ad_fw-la scotos_o palladium_n primum_fw-la mittit_fw-la episcopum_fw-la postquam_fw-la ad_fw-la eosdem_fw-la ab_fw-la eodem_fw-la celestino_n missus_fw-la est_fw-la s._n patricius_n filius_fw-la conche_n sororis_fw-la s._n martini_n turonensis_n for_o which_o last_o note_n i_o must_v own_v myself_o oblige_v to_o the_o learned_a doctor_n gale_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o scot_n to_o who_o palladius_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v send_v be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o those_o in_o ireland_n but_o the_o scot_n than_o live_v in_o scotland_n it_o must_v then_o be_v confess_v that_o the_o promiscuous_a use_n of_o the_o name_n of_o scotia_n sometime_o for_o ireland_n and_o sometime_o for_o scotland_n and_o of_o scoti_n sometime_o use_v by_o bede_n and_o other_o writer_n of_o those_o time_n for_o irish_a man_n and_o sometime_o for_o native_a scot_n have_v so_o confound_v the_o history_n of_o both_o these_o nation_n that_o no_o man_n without_o other_o circumstance_n can_v tell_v when_o they_o mean_v the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o but_o since_o the_o ecclesiastical_a history_n of_o britain_n in_o these_o time_n be_v very_o obscure_a and_o deficient_a there_o be_v so_o little_a to_o be_v find_v concern_v it_o either_o in_o bede_n or_o
most_o likely_a to_o have_v be_v against_o the_o mercian_n for_o ethelward_n in_o his_o chronicle_n say_v that_o conwal_n about_o this_o time_n be_v engage_v in_o a_o civil_a war_n which_o must_v be_v understand_v with_o those_o of_o his_o own_o country_n and_o the_o mercian_n be_v his_o next_o neighbour_n the_o next_o year_n the_o midland_n english_a or_o mercian_n under_o peadda_n their_o eolderman_n or_o governor_n receive_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n dcliii_o which_o conversion_n 21._o bede_n relate_v more_o at_o large_a when_o speak_v of_o this_o peadda_fw-mi the_o son_n of_o penda_n as_o be_v a_o young_a man_n most_o worthy_a of_o the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n be_v by_o his_o father_n set_v over_o a_o province_n of_o that_o nation_n will._n of_o malmesbury_n call_v it_o part_v of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o that_o this_o prince_n go_v to_o oswy_a desire_v alfreda_n his_o daughter_n to_o wife_n but_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n obtain_v she_o unless_o he_o together_o with_o his_o whole_a nation_n dcliii_o will_v receive_v baptism_n but_o he_o have_v hear_v the_o preach_v of_o the_o gospel_n through_o the_o hope_n of_o a_o future_a immortality_n voluntary_o profess_v that_o he_o will_v be_v a_o christian_n whether_o he_o have_v marry_v the_o virgin_n or_o not_o be_v chief_o persuade_v to_o receive_v the_o faith_n by_o alcfrid_n the_o son_n of_o king_n oswy_n who_o be_v his_o friend_n and_o relation_n have_v marry_v cymburge_n his_o sister_n so_o that_o king_n be_v baptize_v by_o bishop_n finan_n together_o with_o all_o his_o train_n in_o that_o famous_a town_n of_o the_o king_n be_v which_o bede_n call_v admurum_n that_o be_v walltown_n near_o the_o pict_n wall_n and_o take_v with_o he_o four_o priest_n to_o teach_v and_o baptise_v his_o nation_n he_o return_v home_o with_o much_o joy_n these_o priest_n come_v with_o the_o king_n into_o this_o province_n preach_v god_n word_n and_o be_v as_o willing_o hear_v and_o receive_v and_o both_o the_o noble_a as_o well_o as_o the_o inferior_a sort_n renounce_v their_o idolatry_n be_v baptize_v nor_o do_v king_n penda_n himself_o prohibit_v they_o from_o preach_v in_o his_o own_o kingdom_n if_o they_o will_v if_o they_o will_v but_o rather_o hate_v and_o despise_v those_o who_o profess_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n he_o find_v not_o to_o perform_v work_v suitable_a to_o it_o call_v they_o miserable_a and_o contemptible_a wretch_n who_o fail_v to_o obey_v that_o god_n in_o who_o they_o believe_v these_o thing_n fall_v out_o two_o year_n before_o the_o death_n of_o king_n penda_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o east-saxons_a at_o the_o instance_n of_o king_n oswy_n again_o receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n which_o they_o have_v former_o reject_v have_v as_o you_o have_v hear_v 22._o drive_v away_o mellitus_n their_o bishop_n for_o sigebert_n who_o be_v now_o king_n of_o that_o nation_n have_v succeed_v sigebert_n surname_v the_o little_a this_o prince_n be_v a_o friend_n to_o king_n oswye_n and_o use_v to_o come_v sometime_o to_o visit_v he_o into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n he_o be_v wont_n often_o to_o tell_v he_o that_o those_o can_v not_o be_v god_n that_o be_v the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n but_o that_o god_n be_v a_o incomprehensible_a be_v invisible_a omnipotent_a and_o eternal_a who_o govern_v all_o thing_n both_o in_o heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o will_v judge_v the_o world_n in_o equity_n and_o that_o all_o those_o who_o will_v learn_v and_o do_v his_o will_n shall_v receive_v eternal_a reward_n these_o and_o many_o other_o such_o thing_n when_o king_n oswy_n have_v often_o inculcate_v with_o a_o brotherly_a affection_n at_o last_o by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o that_o king_n and_o of_o divers_a of_o his_o friend_n he_o also_o believe_v and_o be_v baptize_v with_o all_o his_o follower_n at_o the_o same_o place_n where_o peadda_n have_v be_v christen_v before_o viz._n at_o wall-town_n abovementioned_a king_n sigebert_n be_v thus_o make_v a_o christian_a return_v to_o his_o own_o kingdom_n only_o ask_v of_o king_n oswy_a to_o appoint_v he_o some_o teacher_n who_o may_v convert_v and_o baptise_v his_o nation_n into_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n so_o the_o king_n send_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o call_v back_n cedda_n who_o have_v be_v before_o send_v thither_o and_o give_v he_o a_o certain_a priest_n for_o his_o companion_n send_v he_o to_o preach_v the_o word_n to_o the_o east-saxons_a when_o these_o have_v pass_v through_o all_o place_n and_o have_v gather_v a_o very_a large_a church_n it_o happen_v some_o time_n after_o that_o cedda_n return_v home_n go_v to_o lindisfarne_v to_o confer_v with_o bishop_n finan_n who_o when_o he_o find_v the_o work_n of_o the_o gospel_n to_o have_v so_o well_o prosper_v under_o his_o ministry_n call_v to_o he_o two_o other_o bishop_n ordain_v cedda_n bishop_n over_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o east-saxons_a who_o thereupon_o return_v into_o his_o own_o province_n and_o finish_v the_o work_n he_o have_v begin_v with_o great_a authority_n build_v church_n in_o many_o place_n and_o ordain_v priest_n and_o deacon_n who_o may_v help_v he_o in_o the_o preach_a of_o the_o word_n and_o baptism_n especial_o in_o a_o city_n which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n iâ—hancestir_v as_o also_o in_o that_o which_o be_v call_v tylabury_n the_o former_a of_o which_o place_n be_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n pent_n and_o the_o other_o be_v near_o the_o thames_n now_o call_v tillbury_n in_o which_o have_v gather_v together_o a_o small_a company_n of_o christ_n servant_n he_o teach_v they_o the_o discipline_n of_o a_o monastic_a life_n as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v capable_a to_o receive_v it_o this_o year_n according_a to_o the_o saxon_a annal_n anna_n dcliv_o king_n of_o the_o east-angle_n be_v slay_v be_v overcome_v in_o fight_n by_o king_n penda_n of_o who_o h._n huntingdon_n give_v we_o but_o a_o slender_a account_n only_o that_o anna_n and_o his_o whole_a army_n perish_v in_o a_o moment_n by_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o sword_n so_o that_o scarce_o any_o of_o they_o remain_v this_o year_n also_o one_o bottulf_n begin_v to_o build_v a_o monastery_n at_o icanho_n suppose_v to_o be_v boston_n in_o lincolnshire_n as_o also_o honorius_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n decease_a on_o 20._o kal._n octob._n the_o same_o year_n likewise_o according_a to_o mat._n westminster_n ercombert_n king_n of_o kent_n decease_a egbert_n his_o son_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o who_o reign_n aethelbert_n and_o aethelred_n the_o son_n of_o his_o uncle_n ermenred_n be_v but_o youth_n be_v cruel_o murder_v by_o one_o thanor_n the_o king_n servant_n without_o his_o privity_n who_o body_n be_v strange_o discover_v where_o they_o be_v bury_v by_o a_o light_n from_o heaven_n whereupon_o their_o body_n be_v remove_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o warinens_n the_o miracle_n that_o follow_v in_o the_o do_n of_o which_o i_o omit_v as_o incredible_a this_o year_n king_n penda_n be_v slay_v at_o winwidfeld_n with_o thirty_o other_o of_o the_o royal_a blood_n dclv_o of_o which_o battle_n bede_n give_v we_o a_o particular_a account_n that_o oswi_n have_v long_o endure_v the_o ravages_n and_o devastation_n of_o his_o country_n by_o the_o inroad_n of_o king_n penda_n 1â—_n and_o have_v have_v his_o strong_a city_n of_o bebbanburg_n now_o bamburrough_n castle_n assault_v and_o set_v on_o fire_n and_o thereby_o very_a near_o take_v find_v himself_o too_o weak_a to_o resist_v and_o offer_v he_o many_o rich_a present_n desire_v to_o buy_v a_o peace_n which_o penda_n proud_o refuse_v and_o resolve_v nothing_o less_o shall_v satisfy_v he_o than_o this_o king_n destruction_n oswi_n upon_o that_o turn_v his_o gift_n into_o vow_n to_o god_n implore_v the_o divine_a assistance_n devote_v his_o daughter_n than_o but_o one_o year_n old_a to_o be_v a_o nun_n and_o with_o twelve_o portion_n of_o land_n whereof_o each_o maintain_v ten_o family_n to_o build_v and_o endow_v monastery_n so_o it_o seem_v his_o vow_n prove_v more_o successful_a than_o his_o treaty_n for_o hereupon_o he_o with_o alfred_n his_o son_n gather_v a_o small_a army_n therewith_o encounter_v and_o discomfit_v the_o mercian_n have_v then_o invade_v and_o waste_v the_o northumbrian_n kingdom_n tho'_o they_o be_v thirty_o time_n more_o in_o number_n and_o lead_v by_o experience_a captain_n this_o battle_n be_v fight_v near_o a_o place_n call_v loyden_n now_o leeds_n in_o yorkshire_n beside_o this_o ethelwald_n the_o son_n of_o oswald_n who_o rule_v in_o deira_n take_v part_n with_o the_o mercian_n but_o in_o the_o fight_n withdraw_v his_o force_n and_o in_o a_o safe_a place_n wait_v for_o the_o event_n with_o which_o unseasonable_a retreat_n the_o mercian_n perhaps_o be_v terrify_v and_o misdoubt_v great_a danger_n flee_v their_o commander_n together_o with_o penda_n himself_o be_v almost_o all_o
of_o those_o favour_n the_o king_n have_v promise_v he_o so_o he_o have_v only_o four_o day_n allow_v he_o to_o go_v back_o again_o to_o his_o ship_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n a_o report_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o king_n that_o a_o fleet_n of_o enemy_n be_v land_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o east-angle_n and_o there_o take_v of_o prey_n then_o earl_n godwin_n sail_v about_o towards_o the_o east_n with_o two_o of_o the_o king_n ship_n one_o of_o which_o his_o son_n harold_n command_v and_o the_o other_o earl_n totsige_v his_o brother_n and_o also_o two_o and_o forty_o sail_n of_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n then_o be_v earl_n harold_n with_o the_o king_n ship_n drive_v by_o a_o storm_n into_o pevensee_n and_o there_o detain_v by_o contrary_a wind_n but_o within_o two_o day_n after_o earl_n sweyn_n come_v thither_o and_o have_v conference_n with_o his_o father_n earl_n godwin_n and_o earl_n beorne_v who_o he_o entreat_v to_o accompany_v he_o to_o the_o king_n at_o sandwic_n and_o there_o use_v their_o interest_n to_o make_v his_o reconciliation_n with_o he_o but_o whilst_o they_o be_v on_o their_o way_n sweyne_v beg_v of_o beorne_n his_o cousin_n that_o he_o will_v go_v back_o along_o with_o he_o to_o his_o ship_n say_v he_o fear_v lest_o his_o man_n will_v desert_v he_o unless_o he_o speedy_o return_v whereupon_o comply_v with_o he_o they_o go_v back_o to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o ship_n ride_v and_o there_o sweyn_n be_v very_o importunate_a with_o he_o to_o go_v on_o shipboard_n but_o he_o utter_o refuse_v that_o the_o mariner_n bind_v he_o and_o then_o put_v he_o into_o a_o pinnace_n and_o so_o carry_v he_o on_o board_n by_o force_n then_o hoist_v up_o sail_n they_o steer_v eastward_o to_o axamutha_n and_o there_o keep_v he_o till_o they_o have_v make_v he_o away_o then_o they_o take_v his_o body_n and_o bury_v it_o in_o a_o certain_a church_n but_o afterward_o his_o relation_n and_o the_o mariner_n of_o london_n come_v and_o dig_v up_o his_o body_n carry_v it_o with_o they_o to_o the_o old_a church_n of_o winchester_n where_o they_o bury_v it_o near_o his_o uncle_n king_n cnute_n then_o sweyn_n sail_v eastward_o towards_o flanders_n stay_v there_o a_o whole_a winter_n in_o brycge_n with_o earl_n baldwin_n good_a leave_n the_o same_o year_n decease_v eadnoth_n bishop_n in_o the_o north_n part_n and_o one_o vlf_n be_v consecrate_v bishop_n in_o his_o stead_n this_o year_n be_v a_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o london_n in_o midlent_a and_o there_o be_v send_v out_o nine_o ship_n well_o man_v with_o seaman_n mxlvii_o five_o only_a be_v leave_v in_o port_n also_o this_o very_a year_n earl_n sweyn_n return_v into_o england_n for_o aldred_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n have_v by_o his_o intercession_n make_v his_o peace_n with_o the_o king_n the_o same_o year_n be_v a_o great_a synod_n assemble_v at_o rome_n whither_o king_n eadward_n send_v the_o bishop_n hereman_n and_o aldred_n who_o arrive_v there_o on_o easter-eve_n after_o which_o the_o pope_n hold_v a_o synod_n at_o vercelle_n whither_o be_v send_v bishop_n vlf_n who_o be_v afterward_o like_a to_o be_v deprive_v because_o he_o can_v not_o perform_v his_o function_n as_o he_o ought_v have_v he_o not_o pay_v a_o good_a round_a sum_n of_o money_n this_o year_n also_o decease_v eadsige_v the_o archbishop_n 4_o o_z kal._n novemb_n king_n edward_n now_o appoint_v rodbyrd_v bishop_n of_o london_n to_o be_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o lent_n mxlviii_o who_o immediate_o go_v to_o rome_n to_o obtain_v his_o pall_n then_o the_o king_n bestow_v the_o bishopric_n of_o london_n on_o sparhafoc_n abbot_n of_o abbandune_n and_o give_v that_o abbey_n to_o bishop_n rothulf_n his_o kinsman_n mxlviii_o about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o archbishop_n return_v from_o rome_n the_o day_n before_o the_o vigil_n of_o st._n peter_n be_v install_v in_o the_o episcopal_a throne_n at_o christ-church_n on_o st._n peter_n day_n then_o come_v to_o he_o sparhafoc_n with_o the_o king_n letter_n and_o seal_n command_v that_o he_o shall_v consecrate_v he_o bishop_n of_o london_n but_o the_o archbishop_n refuse_v it_o say_v the_o pope_n have_v forbid_v he_o to_o do_v it_o after_o which_o the_o abbot_n return_v to_o the_o archbishop_n and_o desire_v his_o episcopal_a order_n but_o he_o peremptory_o deny_v they_o say_v the_o pope_n have_v strict_o charge_v he_o not_o to_o do_v it_o then_o the_o abbot_n go_v to_o london_n and_o hold_v the_o bishopric_n notwithstanding_o all_o that_o summer_n and_o the_o autumn_n follow_v then_o eustatius_n earl_n of_o boulogne_n the_o king_n brother-in-law_n come_v from_o beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v be_v with_o the_o king_n and_o tell_v he_o his_o business_n he_o return_v homeward_o and_o when_o he_o come_v to_o canterbury_n he_o refresh_v himself_o and_o his_o company_n and_o so_o go_v on_o to_o dofra_fw-la i._n e._n dover_n but_o when_o he_o be_v within_o a_o mile_n of_o this_o side_n thereof_o he_o and_o his_o retinue_n put_v on_o their_o breastplate_n and_o so_o enter_v the_o town_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v come_v thither_o they_o take_v up_o their_o quarter_n in_o what_o house_n they_o like_v best_a but_o one_o of_o his_o follower_n resolve_v to_o quarter_n in_o the_o house_n of_o a_o inhabitant_n there_o whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o because_o he_o tell_v he_o he_o shall_v not_o he_o wound_v he_o whereupon_o the_o master_n kill_v he_o at_o which_o news_n earl_n eustatius_n be_v very_o much_o incense_v mount_v to_o horse_n with_o all_o his_o follower_n and_o set_v upon_o the_o good_a man_n of_o the_o house_n kill_v he_o even_o within_o his_o own_o door_n and_o then_o go_v into_o the_o town_n they_o kill_v partly_o within_o and_o partly_o without_o more_o than_o twenty_o man_n but_o the_o townsman_n to_o be_v even_o with_o they_o kill_v nineteen_o of_o their_o man_n and_o wound_v many_o more_o upon_o this_o earl_n eustatius_n make_v his_o escape_n with_o a_o few_o follower_n go_v to_o the_o king_n and_o tell_v he_o what_o have_v happen_v so_o much_o as_o make_v to_o his_o purpose_n at_o which_o the_o king_n be_v high_o provoke_v with_o the_o townsman_n send_v earl_n godwin_n and_o command_v he_o to_o march_v to_o dofra_fw-mi in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n for_o eustatius_n have_v only_o insinuate_v to_o the_o king_n as_o if_o what_o have_v happen_v have_v be_v whole_o through_o the_o townsman_n fault_n though_o indeed_o it_o be_v quite_o otherwise_o but_o the_o earl_n be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o go_v into_o kent_n because_o he_o look_v on_o it_o as_o a_o odious_a thing_n for_o he_o to_o destroy_v his_o own_o people_n for_o as_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n far_a relate_v he_o plain_o see_v the_o king_n be_v impose_v on_o and_o have_v pass_v sentence_n upon_o they_o when_o he_o have_v only_o hear_v one_o side_n and_o indeed_o the_o earl_n be_v much_o concern_v to_o see_v stranger_n find_v great_a favour_n with_o the_o king_n than_o his_o own_o subject_n for_o eustatius_n have_v get_v a_o friend_n near_o the_o king_n who_o have_v very_o much_o exasperate_v he_o against_o they_o therefore_o though_o the_o king_n continual_o press_v earl_n godwin_n to_o go_v into_o kent_n with_o a_o army_n to_o be_v revenge_v of_o the_o man_n of_o dofra_fw-mi yet_o he_o still_o decline_v it_o which_o much_o displease_v the_o king_n yet_o nevertheless_o the_o earl_n proposal_n seem_v but_o just_a and_o reasonable_a that_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o castle_n who_o it_o seem_v have_v a_o hand_n in_o this_o business_n shall_v be_v first_o summon_v to_o answer_v in_o the_o king_n be_v curia_n or_o court_n concern_v this_o sedition_n and_o that_o if_o they_o can_v clear_v themselves_o there_o they_o may_v be_v discharge_v but_o if_o not_o that_o they_o may_v make_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o earl_n with_o their_o body_n and_o estate_n for_o earl_n godwin_n tell_v the_o king_n that_o it_o will_v seem_v very_o unjust_a to_o condemn_v those_o unheard_a who_o he_o ought_v chief_o to_o protect_v and_o defend_v and_o so_o far_o no_o doubt_n the_o earl_n be_v in_o the_o right_n mxlviii_o and_o behave_v himself_o like_o a_o true_a englishman_n in_o thus_o decline_v to_o execute_v the_o king_n unjust_a command_n though_o not_o in_o what_o he_o do_v afterward_o but_o to_o return_v again_o to_o our_o annal_n the_o king_n hereupon_o summon_v all_o his_o chief_a and_o wise_a man_n to_o appear_v at_o gloucester_n a_o little_a after_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n marry_o for_o the_o welshman_n have_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n build_v a_o castle_n in_o herefordshire_n upon_o the_o land_n of_o earl_n sweyn_n and_o have_v do_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o mischief_n to_o the_o king_n liege-people_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n then_o earl_n godwin_n with_o sweyn_n and_o harold_n his_o son_n meet_v
historian_n l._n 3._o p._n 114._o l._n 4._o p._n 151._o live_v and_o die_v a_o monk_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n paul_n at_o girwy_n now_o yarrow_n l._n 4._o p._n 194._o where_o bear_v and_o breed_v his_o course_n of_o life_n and_o write_n which_o give_v he_o the_o title_n of_o venerable_n id._n p._n 222._o own_a himself_o behold_v to_o nothelm_v when_o a_o presbyter_n of_o the_o church_n of_o london_n for_o divers_a ancient_a monument_n relate_v to_o the_o english_a church_n id._n p._n 223._o bedicanford_n now_o bedford_n where_o cuthwulf_n fight_v against_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o town_n he_o take_v from_o they_o l._n 3._o p._n 146._o surrender_v to_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a l._n 5._o p._n 320._o belinus_n son_n of_o dunwallo_n say_v to_o make_v the_o four_o great_a way_n or_o street_n that_o run_v cross_v the_o kingdom_n and_o not_o the_o roman_n build_v the_o gate_n call_v belin_n gate_n our_o now_o billingsgate_n and_o say_v to_o be_v the_o first_o founder_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n l._n 1._o p._n 13._o bell_n the_o first_o tuneable_a ring_n of_o bell_n in_o england_n be_v in_o croyland-monastery_n set_v up_o there_o by_o abbot_n turketule_n l._n 6._o p._n 12._o benedict_n the_o father_n of_o all_o the_o monk_n in_o what_o year_n he_o die_v but_o long_o before_o his_o death_n he_o found_v his_o order_n in_o italy_n l._n 4._o p._n 167._o surname_v biscop_n make_v abbot_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o canterbury_n id._n p._n 194._o his_o death_n with_o some_o short_a account_n of_o his_o life_n id._n p._n 205._o consecrate_a pope_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o stephanus_n expel_v and_o who_o make_v pope_n in_o his_o room_n l._n 6._o p._n 88_o benedictines_n the_o monk_n of_o that_o order_n l._n 4._o p._n 167_o 168._o place_v in_o the_o nunnery_n at_o bath_n by_o king_n edgar_n id._n p._n 196._o turn_v out_o the_o sicular_a canon_n at_o worcester_n id._n p._n 200._o the_o abbey_n of_o winchelcomb_n in_o gloucestershire_n by_o who_o found_v for_o 300_o of_o these_o monk_n id._n p._n 242._o st._n dunstan_n make_v a_o collection_n of_o rule_n for_o this_o order_n l._n 6._o p._n 22._o vid._n monk_n and_o canon_n secular_a st._n bennet_n in_o holme_n a_o monastery_n found_v by_o king_n cnute_n in_o norfolk_n for_o benedictines_n l._n 6._o p._n 54._o bennington_n now_o call_v bensington_n l._n 3._o p._n 145._o a_o battle_n fight_v there_o between_o cynwulf_n and_o offa_n and_o who_o get_v the_o better_a l._n 4._o p._n 230._o beonna_n abbot_n of_o medeshamsted_n lease_n land_n to_o cuthbright_a upon_o condition_n id._n ib._n beormond_n when_o consecrate_a bishop_n of_o rochester_n l._n 5._o p._n 248._o beorne_v when_o he_o be_v king_n over_o the_o east-angle_n l._n 4._o p._n 228._o beorne_v the_o ealdorman_a burn_v in_o seletune_n by_o the_o governor_n of_o northumberland_n l._n 4._o p._n 231._o beorne_v king_n edmund_n huntsman_n murder_n lothbroke_n one_o of_o the_o danish_a royal_a family_n l._n 5._o p._n 272_o 273._o beorne_v earl_n cousin_n to_o earl_n sweyn_n how_o make_v away_o by_o he_o on_o shipboard_n and_o where_o bury_v l._n 6._o p._n 75._o beornred_n when_o he_o usurp_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mercian_n l._n 4._o p._n 227._o burn_a the_o fair_a city_n of_o cataract_n in_o yorkshire_n and_o he_o himself_o be_v burn_v the_o same_o year_n id._n p._n 229._o beornwulf_n or_o bertwulf_n or_o beorthwulf_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o archbishop_n wilfrid_n hold_v two_o synod_n at_o clovesho_n fight_v with_o egbert_n and_o be_v beat_v and_o afterward_o slay_v by_o the_o east-angle_n l._n 5._o p._n 253._o be_v rout_v with_o his_o whole_a army_n by_o the_o dane_n id._n p._n 261._o hold_v the_o council_n of_o kingsbury_n who_o be_v present_a at_o it_o and_o what_o do_v there_o id._n ib._n his_o death_n and_o who_o succeed_v he_o id._n p._n 262._o berferth_n son_n of_o bertwulf_n king_n of_o mercia_n wicked_o slay_v his_o cousin_n wulstan_n l._n 5._o p._n 261._o berkshire_n ancient_o call_v bearrockshire_n l._n 5._o p._n 274._o l._n 6._o p._n 32._o bernicia_n and_o deira_n two_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n unite_v into_o one_o l._n 4._o p._n 178._o all_o the_o lowland_n of_o scotland_n as_o far_o as_o the_o english-saxon_a tongue_n be_v speak_v be_v ancient_o part_v of_o the_o bernician_a kingdom_n l._n 5._o p._n 249._o bertha_n the_o king_n of_o the_o franks_n daughter_n marry_v to_o king_n ethelbert_n l._n 3._o p._n 145._o bring_v a_o bishop_n over_o with_o she_o to_o assist_v and_o strengthen_v she_o in_o the_o faith_n l._n 4._o p._n 153._o bertulf_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n honourable_o receive_v egbert_n king_n of_o the_o northumber_n and_o wulfher_o archbishop_n of_o york_n who_o the_o northumber_n have_v expel_v l._n 5._o p._n 277._o beverlie_o in_o yorkshire_n ancient_o call_v derawnde_v l._n 4._o p._n 202._o beverstone_n in_o gloucestershire_n ancient_o byferstane_n l._n 6._o p._n 77._o billingsgate_n the_o ancient_a port_n of_o london_n and_o what_o custom_n to_o be_v pay_v there_o upon_o unlade_v l._n 6._o p._n 43._o vid._n belinus_n bird_n a_o great_a fight_n and_o slaughter_n of_o bird_n in_o the_o air_n l._n 4._o p._n 192._o birth_n supposititious_a vid._n harold_n the_o son_n of_o cnute_n birthwald_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n who_o succeed_v theodore_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n l._n 4._o p._n 162._o former_o a_o abbot_n of_o raculf_n now_o reculver_n in_o kent_n near_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n but_o not_o consecrate_v archbishop_n till_o nigh_o three_o year_n after_o his_o election_n his_o character_n id._n p._n 205._o he_o and_o king_n alfred_n hold_v a_o synod_n about_o bishop_n wilfrid_n who_o be_v therein_o excommunicate_v id._n p._n 206._o be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o bishop_n though_o king_n alfred_n be_v not_o so_o id._n p._n 207._o his_o death_n be_v wear_v out_o with_o age_n and_o infirmity_n id._n p._n 220._o bishop_n how_o to_o be_v ordain_v in_o the_o english_a church_n l._n 4._o p._n 156._o how_o to_o behave_v themselves_o towards_o one_o another_o and_o towards_o those_o that_o be_v not_o under_o their_o authority_n id._n p._n 157._o of_o london_n to_o be_v choose_v by_o his_o own_o synod_n but_o to_o receive_v the_o pall_n from_o the_o pope_n id._n p._n 157_o 158._o when_o the_o primitive_a christian_a temper_n have_v not_o leave_v the_o bishop_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n id._n p._n 159._o two_o bishop_n in_o one_o diocese_n viz._n one_o have_v his_o see_n at_o dunmoc_n now_o dunwich_n in_o suffolk_n and_o the_o other_o at_o helmham_n in_o norfolk_n l._n 4._o p._n 193._o by_o a_o bishop_n son_n be_v mean_v his_o spiritual_a not_o conjugal_a son_n for_o they_o be_v not_o marry_v in_o the_o saxon_a time_n id._n p._n 209._o order_v in_o the_o synod_n of_o clovesho_n to_o visit_v their_o diocese_n once_o a_o year_n l._n 4._o p._n 224._o five_o bishop_n ordain_v in_o one_o day_n by_o archbishop_n plegmund_n and_o over_o what_o see_v but_o it_o be_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n l._n 5._o p._n 314._o blecca_n with_o all_o his_o family_n convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n build_v a_o stone-church_n of_o curious_a workmanship_n in_o lincoln_n l._n 4._o p._n 175._o blood_n when_o it_o rain_v blood_n for_o three_o day_n together_o l._n 1._o p._n 12._o l._n 4._o p._n 202._o milk_n and_o butter_n turn_v into_o somewhat_o like_a blood_n l._n 4._o p._n 202._o the_o moon_n appear_v as_o it_o be_v stain_v with_o blood_n for_o a_o whole_a hour_n l._n 4._o p._n 222._o boadicia_n the_o wife_n of_o prasutagus_n a_o british_a lady_n of_o a_o royal_a race_n violate_v with_o stripe_n and_o her_o daughter_n ravish_v l._n 2._o p._n 47._o be_v leave_v a_o widow_n she_o raise_v a_o army_n and_o make_v a_o gallant_a speech_n to_o they_o l._n 2._o p._n 49_o 50._o but_o be_v overcome_v and_o her_o army_n utter_o rout_v she_o poison_v herself_o id._n p._n 50._o bocland_n king_n alfred_n thirty_o seven_o law_n concern_v it_o l._n 5._o p._n 295_o 296._o edward_n the_o elder_n be_v second_o law_n of_o any_o one_o deny_v another_o man_n his_o right_n therein_o l._n 5._o p._n 325._o that_o be_v land_n convey_v to_o another_o by_o deed_n to_o who_o it_o be_v forfeitable_a l._n 6._o p._n 58_o 60._o bodotria_n vid._n glotta_n boetius_fw-la hector_n his_o great_a error_n concern_v the_o last_o war_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o britain_n l._n 2._o p._n 101_o 102._o bolanus_n vid._n vectius_n bonagratia_n de_fw-fr villa_n dei_fw-la his_o epistle_n to_o the_o black_a monk_n of_o england_n wherein_o be_v show_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o university_n of_o cambridge_n l._n 5._o p._n 318._o bondland_n that_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o bondman_n or_o villain_n l._n 4._o p._n 230._o
dicitur_fw-la convocati_fw-la i_o e._n beside_o many_o other_o very_o eminent_a person_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o divers_a order_n be_v omit_v who_o with_o most_o pious_a affection_n be_v witness_n and_o approver_n to_o this_o confirmation_n and_o these_o be_v summon_v at_o that_o time_n by_o the_o royal_a authority_n from_o divers_a province_n and_o city_n to_o the_o general_n synod_n hold_v at_o the_o famous_a abbey_n of_o westminster_n for_o the_o hear_n and_o determine_v of_o the_o cause_n of_o each_o christian_a church_n this_o be_v a_o authority_n which_o seem_v so_o convince_a that_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n have_v make_v use_n of_o it_o in_o his_o origines_fw-la juridiciales_fw-la to_o prove_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n in_o parliament_n yet_o dr._n brady_n in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n cook_n be_v argumentum_fw-la antinormanicum_n accuse_v that_o gentleman_n of_o be_v both_o ignorant_a and_o mistake_v in_o the_o meaning_n of_o city_n and_o province_n and_o the_o person_n that_o come_v from_o they_o who_o he_o indeed_o will_v have_v to_o be_v not_o any_o representative_n of_o county_n and_o city_n but_o only_o dean_n arch-deacon_n and_o other_o dignify_a person_n and_o church-officer_n as_o well_o of_o the_o laity_n as_o clergy_n who_o be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n to_o this_o synod_n from_o province_n and_o city_n to_o advise_v and_o inform_v the_o king_n of_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o place_n whither_o the_o bishop_n see_v then_o about_o to_o be_v remove_v from_o village_n to_o city_n be_v to_o be_v transfer_v but_o since_o there_o be_v not_o one_o word_n in_o this_o charter_n say_v of_o any_o such_o thing_n and_o that_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n render_v the_o word_n provincia_n for_o a_o county_n and_o not_o a_o bishop_n see_v i_o myself_o not_o now_o have_v leisure_n to_o pursue_v such_o nicety_n shall_v refer_v the_o curious_a for_o their_o far_a satisfaction_n to_o the_o eight_o dialogue_n of_o bibliotheca_fw-la politica_fw-la 568._o where_o they_o may_v read_v whatsoever_o he_o have_v say_v against_o it_o sufficient_o answer_v these_o be_v the_o only_a authority_n i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o at_o this_o time_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n have_v then_o their_o delegate_n or_o representative_n in_o the_o saxon_a witenagemotes_a i_o will_v now_o conclude_v this_o point_n with_o the_o judgement_n of_o that_o learned_a antiquary_n mr._n lambard_n etc._n who_o certain_o understand_v the_o constitution_n of_o this_o ancient_a government_n as_o well_o at_o least_o if_o not_o better_o than_o dr._n brady_n and_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o whereas_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o each_o law_n viz._n those_o make_v by_o the_o saxon_a king_n he_o there_o mention_n all_o the_o act_n be_v say_v to_o pass_v from_o the_o king_n and_o his_o wise_a man_n both_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o law_n each_o statute_n be_v thus_o and_o it_o be_v the_o advice_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o his_o wiseman_n so_o as_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v then_o a_o receive_a form_n of_o speech_n to_o signify_v both_o the_o spirituality_n and_o the_o laity_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o great_a nobility_n and_o the_o less_o or_o commons_o by_o this_o one_o word_n witan_n i._n e._n wiseman_n now_o as_o those_o write_a authority_n do_v undoubted_o confirm_v our_o assertion_n of_o the_o continuance_n of_o this_o manner_n of_o parliament_n so_o be_v there_o also_o unwritten_a law_n or_o prescription_n that_o do_v no_o less_o infallible_o uphold_v the_o same_o for_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o in_o every_o quarter_n of_o the_o realm_n a_o great_a many_o borough_n do_v yet_o send_v burgess_n to_o the_o parliament_n which_o be_v nevertheless_o so_o couâ—â—iâ—s_n ancient_a and_o so_o long_o since_o decay_v and_o go_v to_o nought_o that_o it_o can_v be_v show_v that_o they_o have_v be_v of_o any_o reputation_n at_o any_o time_n since_o the_o conquest_n and_o much_o less_o that_o they_o have_v obtain_v this_o privilege_n by_o the_o grant_n of_o any_o king_n succeed_v the_o same_o so_o that_o the_o interest_n which_o they_o have_v in_o parliament_n grow_v by_o a_o ancient_a usage_n before_o the_o conquest_n whereof_o they_o can_v show_v any_o beginning_n which_o thing_n be_v also_o confirm_v by_o a_o contrary_a usage_n in_o the_o selfsame_a thing_n for_o it_o be_v likewise_o know_v that_o they_o of_o ancient_n demesne_n do_v prescribe_v in_o not_o send_v to_o the_o parliament_n for_o which_o reason_n also_o they_o be_v neither_o contributor_n to_o the_o wage_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n neither_o be_v they_o bind_v by_o sundry_a act_n of_o parliament_n though_o the_o same_o be_v general_o pen_v and_o do_v make_v no_o exception_n of_o they_o but_o there_o be_v no_o ancient_a demesne_n save_v that_o only_a which_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o book_n of_o doomsday_n under_o the_o title_n of_o terra_fw-la regis_fw-la which_o of_o necessity_n must_v be_v such_o as_o either_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o conqueror_n himself_o who_o make_v the_o book_n or_o of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n that_o be_v before_o he_o and_o so_o again_o if_o they_o of_o ancient_a demesne_n have_v ever_o since_o the_o conquest_n prescribe_v not_o to_o elect_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n than_o no_o doubt_n there_o be_v a_o parliament_n before_o the_o conquest_n to_o the_o which_o they_o of_o other_o place_n do_v send_v their_o burgess_n i_o shall_v here_o crave_v leave_n to_o add_v one_o record_n though_o after_o the_o conquest_n in_o confirmation_n of_o what_o mr._n lambard_n have_v here_o learned_o assert_v for_o that_o several_a borough_n claim_v to_o send_v member_n to_o parliament_n by_o prescription_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o appear_v by_o a_o 20._o petition_n put_v in_o to_o that_o king_n an._n 17_o edw._n 3._o wherein_o the_o burgess_n of_o the_o town_n of_o barnstaple_n in_o devonshire_n set_v forth_o that_o it_o be_v a_o free_a borough_n have_v by_o charter_n from_o king_n athelstan_n among_o other_o privilege_n a_o right_a of_o send_v two_o burgess_n to_o all_o parliament_n for_o the_o say_a borough_n upon_o which_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n order_v a_o writ_n of_o inquiry_n which_o certain_o will_v never_o have_v be_v do_v if_o dr._n brady_n notion_n be_v true_a that_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n never_o send_v any_o representatives_n to_o parliament_n but_o once_o in_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o hen._n 3._o and_o then_o no_o more_o till_o the_o 18_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o which_o be_v but_o a_o little_a above_o 50_o year_n to_o the_o time_n of_o this_o petition_n which_o be_v within_o the_o memory_n of_o so_o many_o then_o live_v the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n will_v never_o have_v order_v a_o writ_n of_o inquiry_n about_o such_o a_o vain_a and_o idle_a pretence_n from_o all_o which_o i_o think_v it_o may_v safe_o be_v conclude_v that_o this_o learned_a antiquary_n abovementioned_a i_o mean_v mr._n lambard_n do_v not_o without_o good_a authority_n believe_v that_o not_o only_o the_o great_a lord_n or_o peer_n but_o also_o the_o inferior_a nobility_n and_o representative_n of_o city_n and_o town_n be_v include_v under_o the_o word_n witan_n and_o likewise_o that_o those_o place_n claim_v that_o privilege_n by_o prescription_n i_o shall_v therefore_o desire_v the_o doctor_n that_o when_o he_o write_v next_o upon_o this_o subject_a he_o will_v please_v to_o crave_v in_o aid_n some_o gentleman_n of_o the_o long_a robe_n of_o his_o opinion_n to_o help_v he_o to_o answer_v this_o argument_n of_o mr._n lambard_n from_o general_a prescription_n as_o also_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v concern_v this_o matter_n in_o the_o same_o dialogue_n of_o bibliotheca_fw-la politica_fw-la abovementioned_a begin_v at_o pag._n 483_o and_o end_v at_o pag._n 593_o inclusive_o and_o if_o he_o can_v then_o with_o his_o assistance_n prove_v all_o our_o ancient_a lawyer_n to_o have_v be_v mistake_v in_o this_o memorable_a point_n i_o shall_v own_v myself_o to_o have_v be_v so_o too_o but_o i_o desire_v this_o may_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o that_o no_o prescription_n whatsoever_o in_o law_n can_v be_v lay_v of_o late_a date_n than_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o which_o begin_v almost_o fourscore_o year_n before_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o hen._n 3._o when_o he_o fancy_v the_o commons_o be_v first_o summon_v to_o parliament_n but_o that_o i_o may_v be_v as_o brief_a as_o i_o can_v i_o shall_v reduce_v what_o i_o have_v further_o to_o say_v upon_o this_o head_n to_o a_o few_o query_n as_o first_o whether_o in_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o europe_n of_o the_o gothic_a model_n begin_v with_o sweden_n and_o denmark_n and_o end_v with_o scotland_n there_o can_v
this_o charter_n not_o only_o by_o the_o consent_n but_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n earl_n and_o all_o his_o other_o faithful_a subject_n which_o word_n in_o the_o latin_a fideles_fw-la though_o dr._n brady_n understand_v it_o only_o of_o military_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la yet_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o be_v there_o to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o much_o large_a sense_n and_o must_v comprehend_v all_o the_o lesser_a thanes_z or_o freeholders_n abovementioned_a as_o also_o the_o deputy_n or_o representative_n of_o city_n and_o town_n of_o which_o fideles_fw-la sir_n henry_n spleman_n understand_v omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o principis_fw-la alicujus_fw-la ditione_n sunt_fw-la vulgò_fw-la subjecti_fw-la he_o sunt_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o historiis_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la fideles_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o also_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n take_v ancient_o in_o the_o court-leet_n as_o the_o same_o author_n show_v we_o 1._o tu_fw-la j._n s._n jurabis_fw-la quod_fw-la ab_fw-la ista_fw-la die_fw-la in_o anteà _fw-la eris_fw-la fidelis_n &_o legalis_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la regi_fw-la &_o suis_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la &_o fidelitatem_fw-la &_o legalitatem_fw-la ei_fw-la portabis_fw-la de_fw-la vita_fw-la &_o membro_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr terreno_n honore_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la tu_fw-la eorum_fw-la malum_fw-la aut_fw-la damnum_fw-la nec_fw-la noveris_fw-la nec_fw-la audiveris_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la defend_v id_fw-la est_fw-la prohibes_fw-la pro_fw-la posse_fw-la tuo_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o though_o i_o grant_v this_o word_n fideles_fw-la be_v after_o the_o conquest_n frequent_o use_v for_o a_o military_a tenant_n or_o vassal_n yet_o do_v it_o likewise_o even_o then_o often_o extend_v further_o than_o to_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la only_o as_o i_o be_o able_a to_o prove_v from_o the_o very_a authority_n he_o give_v we_o in_o his_o own_o glossary_a under_o the_o title_n 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