lately repaired by some good Benefactor lie vnder his head which are Vox clamantie Speculum Meditantis and Confessio Amantis He was a Knight as also was Chaucer After him succeeded Lydgate a Monke of Burie who wrote that bitter Satyre of Peirs Plow-man He spent most part of his time in translating the workes of others hauing no great inuention of his owne He wrote for those times a tollerable and smooth verse Then followed Harding and after him Skelton a Poet Laureate for what desert I could neuer heare if you desire to see his veine and learning an Epitaph vpon King Henry the seauenth at West-minster will discouer it In the latter end of King Henrie the 8. for their excellent facultie in Poesie were famous the right noble Henrie Earle of Surrey whose Songs and Sonnets yet extant are of sweete conceipt and the learned but vnfortunate Sir Thomas Wyat. In the time of Edward the sixth liued Sternhold whom King Henry his father a little before had made groome of his Chamber for turning certaine of Dauids Psalmes into verse and merrie Iohn Heywood who wrote his Epigrammes as also Sir Thomas More his Vtopia in the parish wherein I was borne where either of them dwelt and had faire possessions About Queene Maries time flourished Doctor Phaer who in part translated Virgils Aeneids after finished by Arthur Golding In the time of our late Queene Elizabeth which was truly a golden Age for such a world of refined wits and excellent spirits it produced whose like are hardly to be hoped for in any succeeding Age aboue others who honoured Poesie with their pennes and practise to omit her Maiestie who had a singular gift herein were Edward Earle of Oxford the Lord Buckhurst Henry Lord Paget our Phoenix the noble Sir Philip Sidney M. Edward Dyer M. Edmund Spencer M. Samuel Daniel with sundry others whom together with those admirable wits yet liuing and so well knowne not out of Enuie but to auoide tediousnesse I ouerpasse Thus much of Poetrie CHAP. XI Of Musicke MVsicke a sister to Poetrie next craueth your acquaintance if your Genius be so disposed I know there are many who are adeo 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of such disproportioned spirits that they auoide her companie as a great Cardinall in Rome did Roses at their first comming in that to auoide their sent he built him an house in the champaigne farre from any towne or as with a Rose not long since a great Ladies cheeke in England their eares are readie to blister at the tendrest touch thereof I dare not passe so rash a censure of these as Pindar doth or the Italian hauing fitted a prouerbe to the same effect Whom God loues not that man loues not Musicke but I am verily perswaded they are by nature very ill disposed and of such a brutish stupiditie that scarce any thing else that is good and sauoureth of vertue is to be found in them Neuer wise man I thinke questioned the lawfull vse hereof since it is an immediate gift of heauen bestowed on man whereby to praise and magnifie his Creator to solace him in the midst of so many sorrowes and cares wherewith life is hourely beset and that by song as by letters the memorie of Doctrine and the benefits of God might be for euer preserued as we are taught by the Song of Moses and those diuine Psalmes of the sweete singer of Israel who with his Psalterie so lowdly resounded the Mysteries and innumerable benefits of the Almightie Creator and the seruice of God aduanced as we may finde in 2. Samuel 6. vers 5. Psalme 33. 21. 43. and 4. 108. 3. and in sundrie other places of Scripture which for breuitie I omit But say our Sectaries the seruice of God is nothing aduanced by singing and instruments as we vse it in our Cathedrall Churches that is by Antiphonie Restes Repetitions Varietis of Moodes and Proportions with the like For the first that it is not contrary but consonant to the word of God so in singing to answer either the practise of Mâ—riam the Propheteâ—se and Sister of Moses when she answered the men in her song will approue For repetition nothing was more vsuall in the singing of the Leuites and among the Psalmes of Dauid the 136. is wholly compounded of those two most gracefull and 〈◊〉 figures of repetition Symploce and Anaphora For Resting and Proportions the nature of the Hebrew verse as the meanest Hebrician knoweth consisting many times of vneuen feete going sometime in this number sometimes in that one while as S. Hierome saith in the numbers of Sappho another while of Alcaus doth of neoessitie require it and wherein doth our practise of singing and playing with Instruments in his Maiesties Chappell and our Cathedrall Churches differ from the practise of Dauid the Priests and Leuites Doe we not make one sound in praising and thanking God with voyces and instruments of all sorts Dâ—â—â—e as S. Hierome saith reboet laquear â—empli the roofe of the Church ecchoeth againe and which lest they should cauill at as a Iewish Ceremonie we know to haue beene practised in the ancient puritie of the Church but we returne where we left The Physitians will tell you that the exercise of Musicke is a great lengthner of the life by stirring and reuiuing of the Spiriâ—s holding a secret sympathy with them Besides the exercise of singing openeth the breast and pipes it is an enemy to melancholy and deiection of the mind which S. Chrysostome truly calleth The Deuils Bath Yea a curer of some diseases in Apugliâ— in Italy and therea bouts it is most certaine that those who are stung with the Taramula are cured onely by Musicke Beside the aforesaid benefit of singing it is a most ready helpe for a bad pronunciation and distinct speaking which I haue heard confirmed by many great Diuines yea I my selfe haue knowne many Children to haue bin holpen of their stammering in speech onely by it Plato calleth it A diuine and heauenly practise profitable for the seeking out of that which is good and honest Homer saith Musitians are worthy of Honor and regard of the whole world and we know albâ—it Lyâ—urguâ— imposed most streight and sharpe Lawes vpon the Lacedaemâ—niâ—ns yet he euer allowed them the exercise of Musicke Aristotle auerreth Musicke to be the onely disposer of the mind to Vertue and Goodnesse wherefore he reckoneth it among those foure principall exercises wherein he would haue children instructed Tulliâ— saith there consisteth in the practise of singing and playing vpon Instruments great knowledge and the most excellent instruction of the mind and for the effect it worketh in the mind he termeth it Staâ—ilem Thesaurum qui moros instituit componiâ—que ac moâ—tit â—rarum ardores c. A lasting Treasure which rectifieth and ordereth our manners and allayeth the heate and furie of our anger c. I might runne into an
eloquently with a faithfull penne and sound iudgement writeth the Life and Acts of Alexander in whom you shall see the patterne of a braue Prince for Wisedome Courage Magnanimitie Bountie Courtesie Agilitie of body and whatsoeuer else were to be wished in Maiestie till surfeiting in the best of his age on his excessiue Fortunes and euen burthensome to himselfe by his ouer-greatnesse he became 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 an vnprofitable burthen of the earth and from the darling of heauen to be the disdaine of all the world After him whom indeed I should haue preferred before as being honoured with the Title of Historia◠〈◊〉 followeth Salust commended most for breuitie as also for the richnesse of his speech and phrase but wherein his breuitie consisteth the most are ignorant Our Grammarians imagine because his Discourses as they say are only of the matter and persons barely and nakedly described without circumstance and preparation counsels and deliberations had before effects and euents after which is quite contrarie as may be seene by the Conspiracie of Catilinâ— which hee might in a manner haue set downe in three words But how amply and with what adoe doth he describe it what circumstances more open more abundant then where he saith The Romane Souldiers being amazed with an vnwonted vprore betooke them to their Weapons some hid themselues others aduised their Companions to stand stâ—â—tly to it they were afraid in euery place the multitude of Enemies was so great The heauen was obscured with night and thicke Cloudes the perill wis doubtfull and lastly no man knew whether it were safest for him to flye or to stay by it And let them now see their error who affirme his Discourse to be vnfurnished of Counsels Deliberations Consultations c. Is not the reason set downe why Iugurth assaulted Cirtha at the arriuall of the Embassadours the intent and preparation of the warre by Metellus the Consull laid open in an ample manner wherein consisteth the richnesse of his Discourse His breuitie indeed worthy your obseruation and imitation consisteth in shutting vp whole and weightie Sentences in three words fetching nothing afarre or putting in more then needs but in quicke and stirring Asyndeta's after his manner as the most learned haue out of him obserued And since it is Tullies aduice as was his owne vse as himselfe testifieth Non in Philosophia solum sed etiam in dicendi exercitatione cum Gracis Latinâ— conâ—â—ngere By this time acquaint your selfe with that golden Cyri pâ—dia of Xenophon whom heere you shall see a couragious and braue Commander marshalling an Army there a most graue and eloquent Philosopher in the person of Cyrus shaping out vnto vs with Inke of Nectar a perfect and absolute Prince to the example of all Princes and Nobilitie for his studies his dyet his exercise his carriage and euery way manner of liuing insomuch as the Noble Scipio Africanus as well in his warres abroad as in peace at home aboue all other held Xenophon in highest regard euer saying he could neuer commend him sufficiently or reade him ouer often enough Hitherto haue I giuen you a taste at your own choice as well for vniuersall Historie as your imitation in writing and speaking That I account vniuersall which entreateth of the beginning increase gouernment and alterations of Monarchies Kingdomes and Common-wealths and to further you herein you may reade Iustine Diodorus Siculus Zonaras Oresius of more later times Sabellicus Carion with some others For speciall Historie that reporteth the affaires and gouernment of particular Estates you haue the most ancient Herodotus the Noble and eloquent Thucydides Arrianus Halicarnassaeus Polybius Suetonius and others All Historie diuideth it selfe into foure branches the first spreadeth it selfe into and ouer all place as Geographie the second groweth and gathereth strength with tract of time as Chronologie the third is laden with descents as Genealogie the fourth and last like the golden Bow Proserpins gaue Aeneas is that truly called by Cicero Lux veritatis which telleth vs of things as they were done and of all other most properly is called Historie For all Historie in times past saith Tullie was none other then Annalium Confectio the making of Annales that is recording of what was done from yeere to yeere But while I wander in forraigne Historie let me warne you nefis peregrinus domi that you be not a stranger in the Historie of your owne Countrey which is a common fault impoted to our English Trauellers in forreine Countries who curious in the obseruation and search of the most memorable things and monuments of other places can say as a great Peere of France told me nothing of their owne our Countrey of England being no whit inferior to any other in the world for matter of Antiquitie and rarities of euery kinde worthy remarke and admiration Herein I must worthily and onely preferre vnto you the glorie of our Nation M. Camden aswell for his iudgement and diligence as the puritie and sweet fluence of his Latine style and with him the rising Starre of good letters and Antiquitie M. Iohn Selden of the Inner Temple As for Giraldus Geoffrey Higden Ranulph of Chester Walsingham a Monke of S. Athanes with the rest they did cum saculo caecutire and tooke vpon credite many a time more then they could well answer that I may omit Polydore Virgil and Italian who did our Nation that deplorable iniurie in the time of K. Henrie the eight for that his owne Historie might passe for currant he burned and embezeled the best and most ancient Records and Monuments of our Abbeies Priories and Cathedrall Churches vnder colour hauing a large Commission vnder the Great Seale of making search for all such monuments manuse records Legier bookes c. as might make for his purpose yet for all this he hath the ill lucke to write nothing wel saue the life of Henrie the seuenth wherein he had reason to take a little more paines then ordinarie the booke being dedicated to Henrie the eight his sonne No subiect affecteth vs with more delight then Historie imprinting a thousand formes vpon our imaginations from the circumstances of Place Person Time Matter manner and the like And what can be more profitable saith an ancient Historian then sitting on the Stage of humane life to be made wise by their example who haue trod the path of error and danger before vs Bodin tels vs of some who haue recouered their healthes by reading of Historie and it is credibly affirmed of King Alphonsus that the onely reading of Quiâ—â— Curtius cured him of a very dangerous feuer If I could haue beene so rid of my late quartane ague I would haue said with the same good King Valeat Avicenna viâ—at Curtius and haue done him as much honour as euer the Chians their Hippocrates or the Sun-burnd Aegyptians their Aesculapius For Moralitie and rules of well liuing
principles of this Art in a manner quite lost amongst them So that while certaine Graecian Painters sent for by some of the Nobilitie of Florence were painting a Church in Florence one Ioannes Cimabus a young man and naturally affecting this Art grew so farre into familiar acquaintance with them that he learned the manner of their draught and mingling colours that in a short time he excelled the best Masters among them and was the first that I can find among the Italians that brought Painting into credit and got a name by his skill herein For some of his peeces for the raritie were carried out of his house into the new Church in Florence with Musicall Instruments of all sorts and solemne processionâ— others being vttered at great rates ouer all France and Italy in so much as Charles the French King moued with his fame came to Florence to see his Worke. He died in the yeare 1300. leauing behind him his Scholler Giotto who by the opinion of Dante 's in his Purgatorie farre surpassed him He was so humorous saith the Interpreter of Dante 's that if himselfe or any other espyed any fault in his work he would like Mishael Ianss now liuing at Delft in Holland deface and breake it in peeces though he had bestowed a tweluemoneths paines thereon Andrea Taffi About this time also the Graecians brought the Art of working in Musiue or Mosaique to Venice where in S. Markes Church they wrought it with whom Taffi falling acquainted hee drew one of the best Masters among them named Apollâ—â—â—m to Florence who taught him to bake Mosaique Glasses and to temper the size for them so they wrought together but the rudenesse of that age was such that neither they nor their workes were in that esteeme as they deserued Gaddo Gaddi About this time also liued Gadde Gaddi a very rare Master a Florentine borne for the fine and subtile aire of Florence hath produced men of more sharpe and excellent spirits then any other place of Italy who excelled in Mosaique and wrought it with better iudgement then any before him insomuch as hee was sent for to Rome Anno. 1308 the yeare after the great fire and burning of the Church of S. Iohn Lateranâ— and the Pallace of Pope Clement the fifth whence well rewarded he returned backe into Tuscane where he dyed Anno 1312. Margaritene Margaritâ—nâ—â— was borne in Arezzâ— a very skilfull Master he was the first that deuised laying Gold or gilding vpon Bole Armoniacke to be burnished as we see it in knops now adaies vpon the Valences and Canopics of beds and to make a Glew for Picture Tables that should neuer decay Giotto Giotto was not onely a rare Painter but also an excellent Architect for all manner of curious conceipt in building and to say truth was the first who of latter times in Italy brought picture into admiration and her true height He was borne at Vespignâ—â—â— a village foureteâ—ne Italian miles from Florence his father was an husbandman and Giâ—ttâ— being a Boy of some twelue yeares of age was set by him to keepe sheepe but Nature hauing ordained him for another end the Boy while hee was tending his sheepe would be practising with a sticke vpon the sand or dustie high-way or vpon void places vpon walls with a Coale to draw whatsoeuer sorted with his fancie It fortuned on a time while he was drawing the picture of one of his sheepe Cimabus to passe by who admiring such Art in the Boyes draught who had neuer any other direction saue out of his naturall inclination demanded of him if he would dwell with him who answered Yea if his father were so contented The father agreed and placed him with Cimabus who in short time so excelled that he farre surpassed the rusticke Greeke manner of working bringing forth a better Moderne Art and the true working by the life which had not beene knowne in two hundred yeares before He was very inward and familiar with Dante 's the Poet whose picture he drew he was of all others famous for his skill and conceipt in expressing affections and all manner of gesture so that he might be truly called Natures Scholler His workmanship is especially seene at Acesi a Citie of Vmbria in the Cloisters of S. Francis where the body of S. Francis lyeth buried where among other rare inuentions of his is to be seene a Monke kneeling before Obedience who putteth a yoake vpon his necke he holding vp both his hands to heauen and shee laying her forefinger vpon her mouth casteth vp her eyes towards Christ from whose side the blood issueth in great abundance On either hand of her stand wisedome and humility to shew where true obedience is there is wisedome and humility which helpe to finish euery good worke on the other side is an historie where chastity standeth vpon a strong and high rocke as not to be won or mooued by the force of kings though they seeme to offer Crownes Scepters and Palmes At her feete lyeth purity in the shape of a childe washing it selfe and by chastity standeth pennance hauing diuen away with her discipline winged Loue in a third place standeth pouerty barefooted treading vpon thornes a dogge barking at her at one side a child throwing stones at her on the other another child with a sticke putting the thornes towards her legs This pouerty is marryed to Saint Francis whom Christ giueth by ioying their hands in a fourth place is Saint Francis praying with such great deuotion and inward affection expressed in his countenance that it detaineth the beholder with singular admiration From thence returning toward Florence he wrought in distemper as we call it or wet with size sixe histories of patient Iâ—b wherein are many excellent figures among others the positures and countenances of the messengers bringing the sorrowfull newes vnto him which are not to be mended withall a seruant with one hand keeping off the slies from his sore master and with the other stopping his nose the countenances and draperies of the standers by done with such grace and iudgement that the same hereof presently went ouer all Italy Insomuch that Pope Benedict sent a messenger from Rome into Tuscany to know what manner of man Giotto was and what his workes were beeing purposed to beautifie Saint Peters Church with sacred Histories by the hand of some excellent master This Messenger or Courtier from the Pope taking his iourney to Florence passed by Siena and still enquiring out the best masters tooke a draught of something from euery one of them to carry back to the Pope to choose as he thought best comming to Florence in a morning betimes he came to the shop of Giotto desiring as he had done of others to giue him a touch with his pencill or some peece to show his Holinesse Giotto being merily disposed tooke a sheete of paper vpon which with a pencill setting one arme vnder his side hee drew so absolute a Circle that by no coâ—passe a
by Livie Dedamur per ficiales nudi vinctique exâ—lvamus religions populuâ— fi qua obligavimns ne quid divini bumâ—â—ive obstet quo minus instuns piun quâ— de integreine 〈◊〉 bellum The forme and words on their deliuery to the enemies hands were these Quandoquidem hice homines iniussu populi Romani Quiritum soedus ictuâ— iri sposponderunt atque ob â—am rem noxam nocuerunt ob eam rem quo populus Romanus Seelere impio sit solutus bosâ—e homines vobis dedo And so many yeares after was C. Mancinus deliuered to the Numantines with whom hee had entred into league contrary to the will and without the knowledge of the Senate Heraldes also examined and determined of wrongs and iniuries done vnto Embassadours and punished them by deliuering vp in like manner the parties offending vnto the nation or State offended They looked also to the strict obseruing of euery branch of the league or truce in briefe their Authority was comprised in these few words ' Belli pacis foederum induciarum oratorum feciales indices sunte Spurius Fusius was the first Herald that cuer was created among the Romanes and had the name of Pâ—ter Patratus in the warre which Tullus Hostitius made against old Latines Their priuiledges were great and many and too long for me here to reckon vp And to conclude for farther search of their institution priuiledges and Office I referre you to Iehan le Feron a French Authour I purpose not heere to enter into a large field and absolute discourse of Blazonry with all the lawes termes thereof hauing beene already preuented by Bara Vpton Gerrard Leigh Master Ferns Master Guillim late Portculleis pursuiuant in his Methodicall Display of Heraldry with sundry others So that in a manner more cannot bee saide then hath beene my selfe besides hauing written something of this subiect heretofore but onely to poynt vnto you as a stranger vpon the way the fairest and shortest cut vnto your iournies end in this Art The word Blazon is from the French Eâ—blasonner and note that we in England vse herein the same tearmes of Art with the French because the ancients of our Nobility for the greater part acknowledge themselues to bee descended out of Normandy and to haue come in with the Conquerour many retaining their ancient French names Charges vnto this day as Beauchamp Beaumont Sacuill Neuill with many others Your A. B. C. in this Art let be the knowledge of the sundry formes of Shieldes or Escotcheons which are and haue beene ordinarily borne in ancient times Among all nations we of Europe haue onely two kinds in vse the Lozenâ—s excepted viz. that we vse in England France Germany c. and the Ouall they beare in Italy which forme they yet from the old Romanes holde in vse The word Escotcheon is deriued from the French un esciâ— that from the Latine Scutam and that againe from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Greeke which is leather because the ancients had their Shieldes of tanned leather the skinnes laid thicke one ouer another as appeareth by that of Vlysses vpbraiding Aiax Quae nisi fecissem frustra Telamone creatus Gestasset laeva taurorum tergora septem And Caesar saith CaÌ„brensis fighting hand to hand with Nennius a British King fast had his sword nayled into Nennius his shield being of hard leather at which aduantage Nennius had slaine him had not Labienns the Tribune stepped in betweene and rescued his master Now the ancient shields by reason that they were long and in a manner of that forme as some of the Knights Templers had theirs as appeareth vpon that their monument in the Temple Church differed much from the buckler or target which was round as it may appeare out of Livie Clypeis aâ—tem Romani vsi sunt saith he deinde postquam facti sunt stipendiarij scuta pro clypeis fectre And Virgil compareth the great eye of Cyclâ—ps to an Argolican Target for who will deny but that an eye is round That their shieldes as I haue said were long and in a manner couered the whole body he saith else-where Scutis protecti corporalongis Hereupon Scutum was called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because it resembled a dore which is euer more long then broad The Carthaginians made their shieldes of gold M. Aufidius tels vs that his ancestours being Romanes had theirs of Siluer Alexander king of the Iewes opposed against Prolomy 8000. fighting men which hee tearmed Hâ—catomachi as much to say as fighting each man against an hundred because they vsed brasen shields The Numidians vsed shieldes made of Elephants hides impenetrable to any dart yet on the other side they had this discommoditie that in rainy weather they would like a sponge so soake in the water and become hereby so heauy the souldiers could hardly beare them The shield in times past was had in such honour that he who lost or alienated the same was accounted as basely of as he that with vs runnes from his colours and was seuerely punished and the Graecians fined him at a greater rate who lost his shield then he who lost his sword or speare Because that a souldier ought to take more care that he receiueth not a mischiefe then he should doe it of himselfe Bitter was that iest of Scipio when hee saw a souldier bestow great cost in trimming and glazing his shield I can not blame thee quoth he that thou bestewest so much cost vpon thy shield because thou trustest more to that then to thy sword The Lacaeademonians of all other the most warlike by the lawes of Lycurgus brought vp their children to the vse of shields from their infancy and famous is that Lacaedemonian mother for that her speech to her son when she deliuered him a shield going to the warre 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sonne either bring backe this shield or bee thou brought backe thy selfe dead within it But thus much of the shield or Escotcheon Armes or Ensignes at the first had their chiefe vse for distinction of Tribe from Tribe armie from armie being composed of two or moe colours whereof one was euer white or yealow which we now tearme Mettals and that of necessitie for without the mixture of one of these the other as too darke of themselues could not bee discerned farre neyther of white and yealow onely as participating too much of the light Hence they say though not generally true where there is wanting colour or mettal it is false armorie I will not stand here to dispute ouer philosophically as some haue done of the praeeminence of one colour aboue another or out of profound ignorance affirme blacke to be the most ancient colour because darkenesse was vpon the face of the earth in the Chaos as if colour were not qualitas visibilis luminis beneficio and privatiâ— were formarum susceptibilis and white the next because God said fiat Lux as if light were
and other antiquities hee could finde there Leofricke was sonne to the Earle of Kent and after being chosen to be Archbishop of Canterburie he refused it this Abbot in a time of dearth solde all the Iewels of his Church to buy bread for the poore After him succeeded Alfricke Leostan Frâ—theric Paul In this Abbot were giuen to the Monastery of Saint Albanes the Celles of Wallingford of Tinnemuth of Bealvare of Hertford and Binham Richard who liued in the time of William Rusus when the Cell of Saint Marie de Wymonaham or Windham in Norfolke was giuen vnto this Abbey beeing sounded by William de Albeney father to William de Albeney first Earle of Arundell Gaufridus who founded the Nunnery of Sopwell therby on the other side of the riuer founded and so called vpon this occasion two poore women hauing built themselues a small cabben liued in that place a very austere life praying and seruing God with great deuotion and for that they liued for the most part with no other sustenance saue bread and the water of a Well there wherein they vsed to soppe or dippe their bread it had saith mine Author a Monke sometime of that Abbey the name of Sopwell Then Radulphus Robert Simon Garmus Iohn William c. Off a gaue to this his Abby of Saint Albans these towns following viz. Thei l Edelâ—â—â—â—â— Wiclesfield Cagesâ—o cum suis Berechund Rikeâ—aresworth Bacheworth Crokâ—leie Michelfield Britchwell Watford Bilsey Merdell Haldenham Sprâ—t Enefeild Stâ—â—â—â—â—â— Hâ—â—â—â—â—ted Winelesham Biscopscoâ— Câ—dâ—â—â—dune and Mildâ—â—dune Egelsride his sonne and successour gaue Sandruge and Penefield Alfrickâ— Abbot of this Church after Archbishop Leofrick his brother gaue Kingesbury Câ—ealdwich Westwic Flamsted Nortâ—â—â— Râ—â—â—â—hang Wâ—â—â—â—field Birstan and Vpton AEthelwold Bish. of Dorchester gaue Girshuna Cuicumba Tyme Aegelwin Redburne ThuangnaÌ„ Lingley Grenburga One Tholfe gaue Estune and Oxaw One Sexi gaue Hâ—chamsted One Haâ—dh gaue Newhaâ— and Beandise Therefeld a religious woman gaue Sceanlâ—a Bridel Aegelwina another gaue Batesden Offal and Standune One Aegelbert gaue Craniford Aâ—â—an Cutesham Winsimus gaue Esenden Osulsus and his wife gaue Stâ—dham and Wilsinâ—â— others Walden Cudicote Scephal Bethell with sundry other Celles Churches and goodly possessions of me vnnamed If I should set you downe the inestimable wealth consisting in Plate Iewells Bookes costly Hangings Altar-cloathes and the like which by our English Kings Nobilitie and others haue from the foundation vnto the dissolution with the sundry priuiledges this Abby had I should weary my selfe with writing and you with reading but I omit them hauing onely proposed a mirrour to the eyes not of the Church pillars of ancient but the Church pillers of our times The Auncestors of this Noble family were Frenchmen borne taking their Surname of a Towne in Normandy called Sackuill whereof they were Lords and came into England to the aide of Duke William the Conquerour as appeareth by an auncient Manuscript or Chronicle of Brittaine now in the Custody of Mr. Edward Gwinn where he is called a Chiefetaine and is the seauenth man ranked in a Catalogue of names there for as it may be obserued out of Mr. Camdens Remaines that the better sort about the time of the Conquest began to take vp Surnames so againe they were not setled amongst the common people vntill the Raigne of King Edward the second He moreouer affirmeth that the most ancient and of best account were deriued from places whereof this name of Sackuill is one and to adde yet more vnto it Ordericus Vitalis the Monke in his Normane story saith that Herbrann de Sackuill was liuing in the time of William the Conquerour being father of three Noble Knights Iordan William and Robert de Sackuill and of a vertuous and beautifull Ladie named Auice who was married to Walter Lord of Alfage Hugleuill by whom shee had issue Iordan L. of Alfage Hugleuill that married Iulian the daughter of one Godsâ—all who came into England with Q. Adelize of Loâ—â—ine the Wife to King Henry the first After whose death the said Queene married to William de Albency Earle of Arundell from whom the now Right Honorable Thomas Earle of Arundell and Surry and Earle Marshall of England is descended S. Iordan de Sackuill Knight the eldest sonne was Sewer of England by the gift of the said Conquerour but liued and died in Normandy S. Robert de Sackuill Knight the yonger sonne liued in England and gaue together with his body the Mannor of Wickham in Suffolkeâ— to the Abbey of Sâ— Iohn Baptist in Colchester leauing issue a son named Sâ— Iordan de Sackuill a very eminent man in the time of King Richard the first as appeareth by a Charter of the said King made to the Monkes of Bordesâ—ey in Buckinghamshiere Sâ— Iordan de Sackuill that obtained of King Iohn a Friday Market weekely and a Faire once a yeare in his Towne of Sackuill in Normandy as saith the Kings Publike Records in the Tower of Lâ—â—don Holiinshed fol. 186. doth there ranke Iordan de Sackuill as a Baron calling him one of the assistants to the 25. Peeres of this Realme to see the Liberties of Magna Charta confirmed And for further proofe that they were men of no meane â—anke it is apparent in the Red booke of the Excheaquer in the 12. and 13. yeeres of the said Kings Raigne in these words Hubertus de Anestie tenes 2. food in Anestie parua Hornmcad dimid 〈◊〉 in Anestie de Honore Richardâ— de Sackâ—yle Agaiâ—e Sâ— Iordan de Sackuill Knight grandâ— childe to the said Iordan de Sackuill was taken prisoner at the battaile of Eâ—esham for siding with the Barons against King Henry the third in the 49. yeare of His Raigne whose sonne and heire named Andrew Sackuill being vnder age at the time of his fathers death and the Kings Waâ—d was like wise imprisoned in the Castle of Deuer Ann. 3. Eâ—n 1. and afterward by the speciall command of the said King did marry Ermynâ—â—de an Honourable Ladie of the houshold to Queene 〈◊〉 or whereby he not onely gained the Kings fauour but the greatest part of his Inheritance againe From whom the aforesaid Richard Earle of Dorset with Sâ— Edward Sackuill Knight of the Bathe his brother and others are descended one of whose Auncestors by marrying a daughter and co-heire of Rase de Denn sonne of Rodbert Pincerna that held the Lordship of Buckhurst with diuers other Mannors and Lands in Sussex about the time of the Normain Conquest In right of which marriage they haue euer since continued Lords of the said Mannor of Buckhurst with diners other Manors and Lâ—nds in Sussex c. Which William Earle of Devonshâ— was sonne of Sâ— William Cavendish of Chattesworth in the said Countie of Derby knight Treasurer of the Chamber to King Henry the eight Edward the sixt and Queene Marie by his wife Elizabeth daughter of lohn Hardwick of Hardwick Esquire The Auncestors of this Noble Familie called themselues Gâ—râ—ms whose issue
in processe of time assumed to themselues the Surname of Cavendish as being Lords of the Towne and Mannor of Cavendish in Suffolke out of which familie disbranched that famous Trauailer Mr. Thomas Cavendish who was the third that trauailed about the world whose voyage you shall finde set downe at large in the English Discouerers written by Mr. 〈◊〉 It is borne by the name of Hobart and was the proper Coate of Sir Iames Hobart Knight Atturney Generall vnto King Henry the seauenth a right good man withall of great learning and wisedome hee builded the Church of Loddâ—n and Saint Olaues commonly called Saint Toolies bridge in the County of Norfolke This worthy Knight lyeth buryed vnder a faire monument in the middle I le on the Northside in Christs Church in Norwich But it is now borne with the Coate of Vister by the gift of King Iames vnto him as a Barronet by the Honourable and Nobly minded Sir Henry Hobart Knight and Baronet Lord chiefe Iustice of the Common Pleas of Blickling in the County of Norfolke whose vprightnesse in Iustice and loue to his country hath like his owne Starre communicatiue of it selfe dispersed the fairer beames into all places Râ—x dilect◠〈◊〉 sâ—o Roberto de Woodhouse Archidiacone de Richmâ—nd Thesaâ—rario sâ—o salutem Negotiaâ—os statum regni contingentia c. vobis mandamus â—irmiter iâ—iungentes quod omnibus alijs praterâ—issis c. Beside I haue sâ—ene the will of King Henry the fourth and Heâ—rie the fifth where one was a gentleman of Henry the fourth's chamber and by his will made one of his executors as also he was to Henry the fifth who wrote his letter to the Pâ—ior and Chapter of the Church of the Trinitie in Norwich to giue him leaue to build himselfe a Chappell in their Church So that from time to time they haue held an Honourable place and at this day are worthy stayes and pillars of Iustice in their Countries Nor must I heere let fall the worth of two sons of this Gentleman Sir Thomas Woodhouse Knight who marryed Blanch Sister to the right Honourable Henry now Viscount Rochfâ—rt and Master Roger Woodhouse his brother Gentlemen not onely learned but accomplished in what euer may lend Lustre to worth and true gentilitie This was also the Coate of Sir Thomas Louell Knight of the Garter made by King Henrie the seuenth of whose hoâ—se hee was Treasurer and President of the Counsell This Sir Thomas Louell was a fift sonne of Sir Ralphe Louell of Barton Bendish in the Countie of Norfolke This his Coate with the Garter about it standeth ouer Lincolnes Inne Gate He founded the Nunnery of Halliwell where was also his house on a wall of which not maâ—y yeares since was to be read this inscription All ye Nuns of Halliwell Pray ye both day and night For the Soule of Sir Thomas Louell Whom Harry the 〈◊〉 made Knight It appeareth also that Sir William Louell Lord Morley was Knight of the Garter for in Morley Church the seate of his Baronnie is yet remaining in a Glasse window which I haue seene this Coate with the Garter about it This Coate Armour is verie ancient as is proued by sundry bookes of Armes Church windowes and seuerall deeds wherof I haue seene two bearing date Anno 18. Richard the 2. with seales of this very Coate fixed thereunto with this inscription about the same viz Sigillum Robertide Ashfield as also another deed bearing date Anno 3. Henrie the fixt made from Robert the sonne of Iohn Ashfeild of Stow-Langton Esquire to Simon Finchanâ— and Iohn Whitlocke with a faire Seale of red Waxe whereupon was a Griffâ—â— Sâ—iant with his wings displayed ouer whose body is this Armes with this inscription about the whoâ—e Seale viz S. Robertide Ashfeild Armig. The aboue named Robert Ashfeild builded the Church of Stow Langton in the Quire whereof which I haue seene hee lyeth butied vnder a faire Marble he was seruant vnto the blacke Prince whom he followed in his warres in France This Coate is thus borne by Sir lohn Ashfeild Knight sole heire of that Family now Gentleman of the bedde Chamber to Prince Charles This ancient name and family of Crow was anciently of Suffolke for about the time of K. Edward the 4. Thomas Crow of Suffolke the elder purchased Bradsted in Kent whose sonne Thomas Crow the yoâ—ger married Ioane the onely daughter and heire of Nicholas Boare son of Iohn sonne of Richard Boare that married Lora the daughter of Simon Stocket of Bradsted in Kent The aforesaid Ioane brought to Thomas her husband his house called Stockets with a Chancell built by the aboue named Simon Stockets as appeareth by a French deede tempore Edw. 2. As also a house and certaine land called Boars by whom shee had issue Iohn Crow the elder father of Henry Crow father of William Crow of Bradsted Esq. who married Anne the second daughter and coheire of Iohn Sackuill of Chiddingleigh in Sussex Esq. The said Mannor of Chiddingleigh hath beene in the possession of the Sackuills aboue three hundred yeeres and at this day is part of the inheritance of the Right Honorable Richard Sackuill Earle of Dorset and Baron of Buckâ—urst which William Crow and Annâ— his wife hath issue Sackuill Crow their sonne and heire now liuing with others This Coate of Talbot belongeth vnto the Right worshipfull Master Thomas Talbot Doctour of the Ciuill Law of Miliers Hall in Wimâ—ndham in the Countie of Norfolke a very learned and honest Gentleman If you would proceede further in blazonry and the true knowledge of the desâ—â—â—ts of our English Nobility I refer you to that exact iust and elaborate worke of my singular and learned friend Master Augustine Vincent Rouge-croix very shortly to be publishedâ— which let it be vnto you of all that haue written in that kinde instar omnium So I referre you henceforward to your priuate reading and obseruation CHAP. 14. Of Exercise of the Body I Now from your priuate studie and contemplation bring you abroad into the open fields for exercise of your Body by some honest recreation since Aristotle requireth the same in the Education of Nobilitie and all youth Since the mind from the Ability of the Body gathereth her strength and vigor Anciently by the Ciuill Law these kinds of Exercises were onely allowed of that is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which are the exercise of Armes by single combate as running at Tilt-barrians c. coiting throwing the hammer sledge and such like Running iumping leaping and lastly wrestling for the first it is the most Noble those Epithites of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 haue beene the attributes of Kings and Princes whose delight in auncient times was to ride and mannage great horses Hereby you are ennabled for command and the seruice of your Country And what saith Tullis can bee more glorious then to bee able to preserue and
Shield within a Bordure Componeè Or and Gules before the Armes of Ferrara in recognisance of the league and fidelitie wherein hee promised to stand bound to serue the King at his own charges And for the like respect Lewis the eleuenth in May 1465. allowed Pietro de Medici to beare three Flower-de-luces in his shield which I haue seene borne in cheife vpon one of his sixe Lozenges Of Difference by the Labell A second difference is by the Labell borne chieefely as the difference of the elder Brother As Edward the blacke Prince and all our Princes of Wales eldest sonnes to the King beare their Fathers Soueraigne Coate with a Labell of three points Siluer Iohn of Gauns had his Labell Ermin Edmond of Langley Duke of Yorke on his Labell Siluer nine Torteauxes Edmond Plantagenes sonne and heire of Richard Duke of Yorke Earle of Ruâ—land who being a Child scarce twelue yeares of age was stricken to the heart with a Dagger by the Lord Clifford at the battaile of Wakefield had vpon his Labell of fiue points Argent two Lionceaux Gules with nine Torteauxes The Coate of Vlsâ—er and Mortimâ—r being â—mpaled with his owne as may be seene in the windowes of Fâ—deringhay Castle the mansion house of the Duke of Yorke where by his father Richard Duke of Yorke and Cicely Nevill his mother hee lyeth buried whose bodies remoued out of Fâ—deringhay Church-yard for the Chancell in the Quire wherein they first were laid in that fury of knocking Churches and sacred Monuments in the head was also felled to the ground lapped in Lead were buried in the Church by the commandement of Queene Elizabeth and a meane Monument of Plaister wrought with the Trowell erected ouer them very homely and farre vnfitting so Noble Princes I remember Master Creuse a Gentleman and my wâ—rthy friend who dwelt in the Colledge at the same time told me that their Coffins being opened their bodies appeared very plainly to be discerned and withall that the Dutchesse Cicely had about her necke hanging in a Silke riband a pardon from Rome which penned in a very fine Romane hand was as faire and fresh to be read as it had beene written but yesterday Of Difference by the Bend. A third difference is by the Bend Baston c. as the house of Burâ—â—â— beareth Frâ—â—â—â— with a Bâ—tune Gules though the proper and true Coate of 〈◊〉 is Of a Lyon Gules within an Orle of Escallops Azure Lewis Earle of Eureux in Normandy brother to Philip le Bâ—ll bare Seme de France with a Batune Componeè Argent and Gules Iohn Earle of Lâ—â—â—aster and Brother to Richard the first afterward King bare for his difference a Batune Azure If the mother be of the ligne Royall many times her Coate is preferred into the first quarter as Hâ—nry Earle of Dâ—â—â—nshire and Marquâ—sse of Exeter â—â—re his mother Kâ—tharines Coate who was daughter to King Edward the fourth And the like Humphrey Stafford who was the first Duke of Buckingham by Anne Platagâ—nâ—â— his mother â— the Coate of Thomas of Woodstocke whose daughter she was This Coate I remember standeth in the great Chancell window in the Church of Kimbaltâ—n In France it hath beene and it yet a custome among the Nobilitie to 〈◊〉 their owne proper Coates and take others as perhaps their Wiâ—es or the Armes of that Srigâ—â—â—â— whereof they are Lords or whence they haue their Titles as Mons. Hugues brother to King Philip marrying the daughter and heire of Herbere Earle of Verâ—â—â—dâ—â—â—s forsooke his proper Coate and bare his Wiues which was Checky Or and Azure onely three Flower-de-luces added in chiefe to shew he was of the blood And Robert Counâ— de Dreux albeit he was brother to King Lewis 〈◊〉 bare Checky Azure and Or with a Bordure Gules Robert Duke of Burgogne brother to Henry the first tooke for his bearing the ancient Armes of the Dukes of Burgogne which was bendy Or and Azure within a Bordure Gules giuen by Charlemaigne to Sanson Duke of Burgogne And whereas we in England allow the base sonne his Fathers Coate with the difference of a bend Batune sinister or bordure engrailed or the like it was in France a long time forbidden I thinke vnder the Capets to the Princes of the blood as 〈◊〉 Earle of Mâ—mfort base sonne to King Robert was forced to leaue his Fathers Coate and beare Gules a Lion à la queue fourcheè Or passeè per à lentour Argent for Le maison de France â—â—â—â—tant les bastardes no leur endurè son armeirè c. saith Tillet The last and least obseruation is of Crests the Helmet the Mantle and doubling thereof which according to the manner of diuers Countries are diuersly borne In Germany they beare their Beauers open with Barres which we allow in England to none vnder the degree of a Baron in some places they haue no Crests at all If you would farther proceed in Nobilitie or Heraldry I would wiâ—h you to reade these bookes of 〈◊〉 obâ—â—itie in generâ—â—â— Simon Simonius de Nâ—â—ilitâ—â—e 〈…〉 at Leipsig 1572. Chassanâ—â—â—â— his Catalogus Gloria munâ—â— Hippolitus à Collibus his Axumata Nobilitatis Conclusiones de Nobilitate Doctorain published by one of Meckleburg who concealeth his name printed 1621. dedicated to the Archbishop of Breme Petrus Eritzius Counâ—â—â—â—er to the Elector of Brandenburge published Conclusiones de Nobilitate in quarto Lionellus De pracedentia â—omiâ—um Of the Spanish Nobilitie these Authors haue written Ioannes ab Arce Offalora in folio Priuilegios y Franquezas y libertades des bijos dâ—algos De Senniorio de Vizcaia c. in fol. Ludovicus de Mollâ—â—a De primogâ—niorâ—m Hispanicorum iure c. in fol. Iosephus de Sesse in Decis Aragon Decis 8. 9. 10. c. Gonzales de Câ—rte his Nobliza del Andaluzia in fol. Of Italy Sicily Naples c. Scipie Mazzella nelle Neapoli Illustrata in quarto Paulus Merula in Cosmograph lib. 3. pt 3. in Italian Of France The Workes of Tillet Ferâ—â— Charles L'Oisâ—â—â— Choppin Theatre d'Honneur Of Germany or the Empire Fran. Contzen his Politiques in fol. The Collections of Goldastus with some others The practise of Blazonrie Willeged the first Abbot dyed the same yeare that Off a did of very griefe it was thought for the death of his king and kinsman whom he dearely loued Anno 8â—8 After him succeeded these in order Eadricke Vulsigus Wulâ—â—â—us Eadfrithus Wulsinus Who built Saint Peters Church Saint Michaels and Saint Stephens and made a faire market place in the towne Alfricke Aldredus Who digged vp and searched the ruines of Verlam-cesire which in his time were dens of theeues and whores saued all the tile and stone for the repaire of the Church and in digging vpon the North side in the vale found oaken plankes pitched Shelles peeces of oares and a rusty Anchor or two Eadmer after his death being a religious and a good man imitating his predecessour saued all the ancient coines vrnes