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church_n according_a king_n law_n 3,605 5 4.5202 3 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A86678 The divine right of government: [brace] 1. naturall, and 2. politique. More particularly of monarchie; the onely legitimate and natural spece of politique government. VVherein the phansyed state-principles supereminencing salutem populi above the Kings honour: and legitimating the erection of polarchies, the popular elections of kings and magistrates, and the authoritative and compulsive establishment of a national conformity in evangelical and Christian dutyes, rites, and ceremonies, are manifested to be groundlesse absurdities both in policy and divinity. / By Mich: Hudson. Hudson, Michael, 1605-1648.; Stent, Peter, fl. 1640-1667, engraver. 1647 (1647) Wing H3261; Thomason E406_24; ESTC R201931 147,691 220

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and_o sedition_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o subject_n and_o direct_o contrary_a to_o god_n law_n and_o commandment_n and_o the_o action_n of_o the_o polarchist_n who_o be_v interest_v in_o the_o passive_a part_n of_o government_n must_v needs_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v consent_v and_o assist_v unto_o their_o usurp_a governor_n in_o these_o polarchical_a and_o sinful_a action_n but_o i_o desire_v the_o reader_n to_o consider_v that_o my_o discourse_n relate_v to_o ancient_a commonwealth_n and_o not_o to_o our_o new_a plantation_n who_o may_v indeed_o erect_v a_o polarchy_n without_o any_o guilt_n of_o rebellion_n or_o intrusion_n upon_o another_o man_n right_a because_o happy_o the_o place_n may_v be_v void_a of_o inhabitant_n and_o so_o void_a of_o all_o government_n but_o yet_o those_o polarchye_n can_v be_v free_a from_o such_o faction_n and_o division_n as_o our_o saviour_n christ_n do_v make_v essential_a even_o to_o the_o least_o polarchy_n though_o it_o be_v but_o only_o oeconomical_a and_o a_o minore_fw-la ad_fw-la majus_fw-la the_o common_a principle_n of_o a_o logic_n make_v a_o valid_a argument_n and_o upon_o these_o ground_n i_o conclude_v all_o polarchy_n of_o what_o kind_n soever_o to_o proceed_v from_o divine_a malediction_n and_o therefore_o to_o be_v direct_o a_o curse_n and_o judgement_n of_o god_n upon_o a_o nation_n and_o that_o therefore_o the_o vocation_n and_o profession_n of_o polarch_n be_v curse_v unlawful_a and_o unwarrantable_a by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n either_o in_o themselves_o or_o their_o partaker_n and_o i_o hope_v there_o be_v sufficient_a matter_n allege_v in_o the_o premise_n to_o warrant_v this_o conclusion_n and_o yet_o to_o add_v a_o great_a lustre_n to_o this_o truth_n i_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n resolve_v two_o query_n or_o case_n of_o conscience_n concern_v these_o two_o opposite_a kind_n of_o government_n viz_o the_o blessing_n of_o monarchy_n and_o curse_n of_o 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both_o of_o himself_o his_o posterity_n and_o family_n 3._o to_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n the_o renunciation_n whereof_o saint_n paul_n in_o the_o prementioned_a text_n impute_v to_o he_o who_o do_v renounce_v that_o legal_a authority_n and_o power_n wherewith_o god_n have_v invest_v he_o for_o the_o just_a defence_n of_o that_o faith_n according_a to_o esaiah_n pprophecy_n cha._n 49_o 23._o king_n shall_v be_v thy_o nurse_n father_n 4._o to_o the_o saint_n and_o church_n of_o christ_n who_o want_n ought_v to_o be_v supply_v out_o of_o his_o abundance_n 2_o cor._n 8._o and_o 9_o ch._n 5._o to_o his_o people_n change_v their_o blessing_n into_o a_o curse_n as_o for_o the_o king_n disability_n it_o be_v never_o intend_v by_o the_o law_n either_o of_o god_n or_o man_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v the_o ground_n and_o measure_n of_o his_o power_n and_o prerogative_n for_o then_o most_o king_n shall_v transfer_v their_o supreamacy_n in_o matter_n civil_a unto_o the_o lawyer_n and_o in_o 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their_o own_o self_n in_o deprive_v themselves_o of_o that_o which_o god_n ordain_v for_o a_o blessing_n and_o a_o mean_n of_o their_o happiness_n and_o security_n and_o contract_v upon_o themselves_o that_o curse_n which_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o divine_a malediction_n and_o ordain_v by_o god_n for_o a_o punishment_n of_o sin_n 2._o of_o manifest_a disobedience_n to_o the_o king_n power_n and_o authority_n in_o act_v thing_n contrary_a to_o his_o command_n 3._o of_o manifest_a injustice_n to_o his_o person_n by_o intrude_a upon_o his_o just_a and_o lawful_a inheritance_n as_o for_o the_o people_n suffering_n by_o the_o king_n evil_a and_o tyrannical_a government_n that_o can_v be_v no_o ground_n or_o warrant_v for_o they_o to_o act_v any_o thing_n prohibit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n for_o though_o such_o suffering_n be_v mala_n poenoe_v that_o be_v affliction_n and_o punishment_n from_o which_o we_o be_v teach_v by_o christ_n to_o pray_v deliverance_n and_o from_o which_o we_o ought_v also_o to_o endeavour_v a_o deliverance_n by_o all_o such_o lawful_a mean_n as_o be_v warrantable_a by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n yet_o in_o regard_n all_o mala_fw-la poenae_fw-la be_v a_o part_n of_o god_n justice_n whereby_o he_o be_v honour_v and_o all_o mala_fw-la culpae_fw-la such_o as_o disobedience_n and_o rebellion_n against_o authority_n and_o the_o endamagement_n of_o our_o neighbour_n much_o more_o of_o our_o sovereign_n in_o his_o estate_n or_o honour_n be_v transgression_n of_o god_n precept_n wherein_o god_n be_v dishonour_v and_o the_o devil_n the_o flesh_n and_o the_o world_n prefer_v before_o and_o above_o he_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o endeavour_v a_o deliverance_n from_o the_o most_o horrid_a tyranny_n and_o oppression_n by_o the_o least_o act_n of_o injustice_n or_o rebellion_n as_o for_o the_o argument_n and_o objection_n allege_v by_o the_o oppugner_n of_o this_o doctrine_n to_o legitimate_a their_o act_n of_o injustice_n and_o rebellion_n under_o the_o pretence_n of_o self-defence_n i_o shall_v recite_v and_o resolve_v the_o most_o material_a of_o they_o in_o the_o eleven_o ch._n of_o this_o book_n which_o speak_v of_o the_o subordination_n of_o the_o end_n of_o monarchy_n manifest_v also_o the_o king_n honour_n to_o have_v the_o right_n of_o pre-eminence_n ante_fw-la salutem_fw-la populi_fw-la that_o be_v above_o the_o people_n welfare_n 3._o sol._n the_o joint_a endeavour_n of_o both_o although_o they_o carry_v the_o fair_a show_n of_o equity_n and_o conscience_n in_o regard_n there_o be_v no_o injustice_n do_v but_o to_o those_o that_o be_v willing_a to_o receive_v it_o who_o by_o aristotle_n rule_n be_v incapable_a of_o a_o injury_n but_o that_o must_v be_v understand_v ab_fw-la extrinseco_fw-la and_o in_o foro_fw-la judicij_fw-la yet_o be_v altogether_o unwarrantable_a in_o this_o case_n for_o first_o they_o be_v direct_o felon_n de_fw-fr se_fw-la and_o as_o guilty_a of_o self-robbery_n as_o he_o that_o kill_v himself_o be_v of_o self_n murder_n as_o we_o show_v in_o the_o
excellency_n worth_n and_o goodness_n which_o god_n do_v communicate_v unto_o man_n for_o the_o regulation_n of_o their_o own_o private_a affection_n and_o the_o exercise_n of_o a_o pious_a and_o virtuous_a life_n of_o which_o honour_n every_o man_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v equal_o capable_a 2._o political_a honour_n be_v that_o excellency_n worth_n and_o goodness_n which_o god_n do_v communicate_v unto_o man_n for_o the_o regulation_n of_o the_o external_a action_n of_o man_n in_o order_n to_o the_o preservation_n of_o society_n and_o the_o exercise_n of_o a_o peaceable_a and_o quiet_a life_n which_o be_v that_o honour_n which_o the_o king_n do_v receive_v from_o god_n and_o which_o do_v supereminence_n he_o above_o all_o other_o in_o the_o same_o society_n and_o commonwealth_n and_o this_o be_v also_o two_o fold_n viz._n primarius_fw-la &_o secundarius_n 1._o primarie_a honour_n be_v that_o excellency_n of_o power_n and_o authority_n which_o do_v enable_v the_o king_n for_o execution_n of_o the_o duty_n of_o his_o call_v in_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o his_o people_n and_o subject_n and_o this_o be_v twofold_a viz._n legislativus_n &_o judiciarius_fw-la 1._o legislative_a honour_n be_v the_o power_n and_o authority_n to_o constitute_v and_o enact_v law_n and_o statute_n for_o the_o public_a good_a and_o benefit_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o this_o again_o be_v twofold_a viz._n ecclesiasticus_fw-la &_o civilis_n 1._o ecclsiasticall_a honour_n be_v the_o power_n and_o authority_n to_o enact_v law_n and_o statute_n for_o the_o regulation_n of_o man_n word_n and_o action_n in_o order_n to_o the_o external_a performance_n of_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o first_o table_n of_o the_o moral_a law_n according_a to_o the_o pattern_n exhibit_v by_o god_n in_o the_o frame_n and_o composure_n of_o the_o ceremonial_a law_n institute_v by_o god_n for_o that_o purpose_n 2._o civil_a honour_n be_v the_o power_n and_o authority_n to_o enact_v law_n and_o statute_n for_o the_o regulation_n of_o man_n word_n and_o action_n in_o order_n to_o the_o external_a performance_n of_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o second_o table_n of_o the_o moral_a law_n according_a to_o the_o pattern_n exhibit_v by_o god_n himself_o in_o the_o frame_n and_o composure_n of_o the_o judicial_a law_n institute_v by_o god_n likewise_o for_o that_o purpose_n 2._o judiciarie_n honour_n be_v the_o power_n and_o authority_n to_o put_v all_o these_o law_n in_o execution_n and_o this_o be_v twofold_a compensativus_n &_o vindicativus_n 1._o compensative_a honour_n be_v the_o power_n to_o encourage_v and_o remunerate_v the_o integrity_n of_o pious_a and_o just_a man_n with_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o office_n of_o state_n and_o the_o like_a according_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o their_o service_n and_o obedience_n which_o be_v the_o pastoral_a duty_n and_o office_n of_o king_n signify_v principal_o by_o their_o sceptre_n which_o be_v be_v call_v in_o christ_n govenment_n a_o sceptre_n of_o righteousness_n because_o of_o christ_n government_n over_o the_o saint_n and_o church_n triumphant_a wherein_o there_o be_v no_o use_n at_o all_o of_o the_o sword_n but_o only_o of_o the_o sceptre_n and_o by_o the_o exercise_n of_o his_o pastoral_a office_n to_o reward_v the_o faith_n and_o patience_n of_o the_o saint_n which_o passage_n i_o do_v here_o insert_v to_o show_v that_o the_o sceptre_n do_v principal_o import_v the_o pastoral_n and_o not_o the_o imperial_a and_o magisterial_a office_n of_o a_o king_n which_o relate_v proper_o to_o his_o military_a power_n 2._o vindicative_a honour_n be_v the_o power_n to_o correct_v and_o punish_v the_o delinquence_n of_o disobedient_a and_o evil_a man_n which_o be_v the_o magisterial_a office_n and_o duty_n of_o king_n signify_v by_o their_o sword_n 2._o secondary_a honour_n which_o be_v a_o spece_fw-la also_o of_o political_a honour_n be_v that_o honourable_a and_o magnificent_a maintenance_n which_o god_n have_v assign_v unto_o the_o king_n for_o support_v of_o his_o royal_a power_n and_o dignity_n for_o as_o our_o life_n gen._n 5.9_o so_fw-ge our_o estate_n and_o fortune_n be_v not_o we_o but_o god_n for_o heaven_n and_o earth_n be_v his_o and_o all_o riches_n and_o honour_n come_v from_o he_o and_o he_o be_v lord_n over_o all_o 1_o chron._n 29.10_o 11_o 12._o psal_n 50.10_o 11._o psal_n 95.4_o for_o a_o manifest_a of_o which_o prerogative_n god_n in_o all_o his_o distribution_n reserve_v some_o part_n which_o he_o ordain_v to_o be_v sacred_a and_o holy_a unto_o himself_o as_o in_o that_o charter_n and_o grant_v make_v unto_o adam_n in_o innocency_n when_o there_o be_v no_o king_n or_o priest_n but_o only_a adam_n himself_o the_o lord_n in_o that_o grant_v reserve_v the_o tree_n of_o knowledge_n so_o that_o the_o law_n for_o honour_v god_n with_o our_o substance_n prov._n 3.8_o be_v a_o eternal_a law_n of_o nature_n and_o not_o any_o positive_a emergent_a law_n for_o before_o the_o institution_n either_o of_o the_o ceremonial_a or_o judicial_a law_n of_o moses_n this_o prescript_n and_o rule_n be_v observe_v by_o the_o patriarch_n as_o cain_n and_o abel_n both_o which_o do_v render_v unto_o the_o lord_n a_o tribute_n out_o of_o their_o several_a possession_n gen._n 4.3_o 4._o and_o abraham_n by_o this_o law_n pay_v tithe_n to_o melchisedec_n gen._n 14.20_o and_o by_o the_o same_o law_n jacob_n vow_v unto_o the_o lord_n the_o retribution_n of_o a_o ten_o of_o that_o which_o the_o lord_n shall_v give_v he_o gen._n 28._o last_o as_o a_o acknowledgement_n that_o he_o receive_v it_o from_o god_n the_o lord_n of_o all_o for_o jacob_n have_v nothing_o of_o his_o own_o at_o that_o time_n but_o a_o staff_n gen._n 32.10_o now_o as_o god_n do_v delegate_v unto_o king_n a_o power_n over_o our_o person_n in_o his_o ordinance_n for_o their_o primarie_a honour_n of_o power_n and_o authority_n so_o do_v he_o likewise_o give_v they_o a_o power_n over_o our_o estate_n for_o support_v of_o that_o honour_n which_o be_v their_o secondary_a honour_n of_o maintenance_n and_o revenue_n which_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o christ_n command_n to_o render_v a_o tribute_n of_o our_o good_n unto_o caesar_n mat._n 22.21_o intimate_v that_o this_o temporal_a honour_n of_o tribute_n be_v by_o virtue_n of_o god_n delegation_n as_o due_a unto_o caesar_n as_o the_o spiritual_a honour_n of_o praise_n and_o worship_n be_v unto_o god_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n saint_n paul_n command_v to_o render_v custom_n and_o tribute_n to_o king_n not_o as_o a_o gift_n and_o favour_n but_o as_o a_o due_a and_o just_a debt_n rom._n 13.7_o and_o give_v this_o reason_n for_o it_o because_o they_o be_v god_n minister_n appoint_v to_o supply_v his_o place_n in_o ruling_n and_o judge_v we_o and_o see_v god_n have_v transfer_v the_o great_a power_n to_o king_n viz_o a_o power_n over_o our_o life_n by_o put_v the_o sword_n i._n e._n the_o militia_n or_o military_a power_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n into_o his_o hand_n rom._n 13.4_o the_o apostle_n thence_o conclude_v their_o investiture_n with_o the_o less_o viz_o a_o power_n over_o our_o estate_n ver._n 6._o and_o this_o power_n be_v all_o the_o title_n which_o christ_n have_v to_o that_o asses-colt_n which_o he_o send_v his_o disciple_n to_o fetch_v for_o his_o use_n luke_n 19.30_o for_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o text_n that_o christ_n be_v not_o the_o proprietour_n of_o that_o colt_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o give_v order_n to_o his_o disciple_n either_o to_o buy_v or_o hire_v or_o beg_v or_o borrow_v the_o colt_n of_o the_o owner_n but_o only_o to_o tell_v any_o that_o proffer_a to_o interrupt_v they_o that_o the_o lord_n have_v need_v of_o he_o for_o it_o be_v a_o sufficient_a title_n to_o dispossess_v the_o private_a owner_n that_o the_o public_a lord_n of_o all_o do_v command_v he_o and_o upon_o that_o answer_n the_o private_a owner_n do_v not_o resist_v the_o disciple_n in_o take_v he_o away_o ver._n 34._o and_o the_o like_a power_n we_o see_v exercise_v by_o pharaoh_n in_o that_o ordinance_n for_o store_v up_o a_o five_o part_n of_o all_o the_o corn_n of_o egypt_n for_o seven_o year_n together_o which_o law_n be_v enact_v by_o pharaoh_n upon_o the_o single_a counsel_n of_o joseph_n with_o the_o approbation_n only_o of_o pharaoh_n servant_n or_o council_n and_o not_o by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n gen._n 41.34_o neither_o can_v we_o pretend_v this_o law_n to_o be_v tyrannical_a and_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n for_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n which_o in_o this_o business_n direct_v the_o mind_n of_o joseph_n gen._n 45.57_o psal_n 105._o nor_o can_v any_o man_n imagine_v but_o the_o state_n and_o magnificence_n of_o saul_n david_n jeroboam_n and_o other_o who_o of_o private_a person_n be_v advance_v by_o god_n himself_o to_o regal_a honour_n and_o dignity_n be_v support_v by_o this_o mean_n
be_v orthodox_n and_o what_o heretical_a neither_o may_v he_o under_o the_o sanction_n of_o any_o personal_a or_o pecuniary_a mulct_n or_o penalty_n enjoin_v his_o subject_n to_o profess_v and_o swear_v such_o creed_n and_o article_n of_o faith_n and_o religion_n as_o those_o law_n shall_v make_v orthodox_n or_o by_o virtue_n of_o those_o law_n punish_v any_o of_o his_o subject_n who_o out_o of_o conscience_n do_v profess_v themselves_o of_o another_o different_a faith_n and_o religion_n the_o reason_n for_o confirmation_n hereof_o be_v three_o the_o first_o whereof_o appear_v partly_o in_o the_o premise_n declare_v no_o humane_a power_n or_o authority_n to_o extend_v unto_o the_o act_n of_o the_o soul_n because_o the_o soul_n do_v derive_v its_o be_v immediate_o from_o god_n himself_o and_o not_o from_o our_o parent_n ob._n saint_n paul_n exhort_v not_o every_o body_n but_o every_o soul_n to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o high_a power_n rom._n 13.1_o thereby_o import_v the_o king_n power_n to_o extend_v unto_o the_o act_n of_o the_o soul_n as_o well_o as_o the_o act_n of_o the_o body_n so_o that_o not_o only_o the_o externall_n but_o also_o the_o internal_a duty_n of_o the_o moral_a law_n must_v come_v within_o the_o sphere_n of_o political_a cognizance_n sol._n that_o exhortation_n of_o paul_n be_v not_o direct_v unto_o king_n but_o unto_o subject_n and_o therefore_o do_v not_o relate_v unto_o the_o king_n power_n but_o unto_o the_o subject_n obedience_n for_o though_o the_o king_n can_v judge_v the_o act_n of_o the_o soul_n or_o punish_v the_o thought_n of_o the_o heart_n how_o unjust_a impious_a or_o atheistical_a soever_o yet_o do_v not_o that_o privilege_n the_o subject_n to_o perform_v their_o act_n of_o obedience_n out_o of_o hypocrisy_n and_o dissimulation_n and_o with_o eye-service_n as_o the_o apostle_n speak_v ephes_n 6.6_o and_o not_o out_o of_o sincerity_n and_o singleness_n of_o heart_n for_o wrath_n and_o not_o for_o conscience_n sake_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o this_o duty_n of_o obedience_n and_o subjection_n to_o king_n be_v not_o mere_o a_o service_n to_o king_n but_o principal_o to_o god_n himself_o who_o person_n the_o king_n do_v represent_v who_o see_v and_o judge_v the_o secret_n of_o our_o soul_n and_o measure_v the_o merit_n of_o our_o duty_n not_o by_o our_o outward_a work_n but_o by_o our_o inward_a faith_n and_o love_n and_o therefore_o though_o the_o king_n power_n can_v yet_o our_o obedience_n must_v be_v extend_v even_o to_o the_o act_n of_o the_o soul_n that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o acceptable_a sacrifice_n to_o god_n as_o well_o as_o the_o king_n but_o this_o do_v not_o authorise_v the_o king_n to_o exercise_v his_o power_n over_o the_o act_n of_o the_o soul_n the_o second_o reason_n be_v ground_v upon_o christ_n ordinance_n for_o the_o plantation_n and_o promulgation_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o faith_n of_o christ_n mark_v 16.15_o go_v you_o into_o all_o the_o world_n and_o preach_v the_o gospel_n this_o be_v all_o the_o commission_n which_o the_o apostle_n have_v and_o which_o other_o minister_n still_o have_v for_o the_o conversion_n of_o man_n to_o the_o faith_n and_o religion_n of_o christ_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v send_v to_o convert_v the_o gentile_n a_o people_n who_o neither_o understand_v or_o believe_v any_o thing_n at_o all_o either_o of_o christ_n or_o scripture_n or_o any_o principle_n of_o that_o faith_n and_o religion_n nor_o be_v any_o way_n incline_v to_o seek_v after_o such_o knowledge_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o christ_n endow_v his_o apostle_n with_o a_o power_n far_o beyond_o the_o power_n of_o magistrate_n for_o it_o be_v a_o power_n to_o work_v miracle_n but_o that_o be_v not_o for_o the_o punishment_n or_o destruction_n of_o any_o but_o for_o the_o benefit_n and_o preservation_n of_o all_o such_o upon_o who_o they_o be_v show_v which_o be_v a_o fit_a mean_n to_o persuade_v and_o convince_v their_o understanding_n but_o we_o never_o read_v that_o christ_n do_v delegate_v any_o legislative_a or_o judiciarie_n power_n unto_o his_o apostle_n to_o punish_v any_o misbeliever_n or_o enforce_v the_o profession_n of_o those_o truth_n and_o point_n of_o faith_n which_o they_o can_v not_o persuade_v nay_o indeed_o he_o peremptory_o inhibit_v they_o the_o affectation_n of_o any_o such_o power_n mat._n 20.25_o whereupon_o saint_n peter_n charge_v presbyter_n not_o to_o demean_v themselves_o in_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o office_n as_o lord_n over_o god_n heritage_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o minister_n and_o not_o of_o magistrate_n to_o reform_v error_n in_o matter_n of_o faith_n and_o doctrine_n for_o we_o do_v not_o read_v that_o ever_o christ_n give_v any_o rule_n or_o command_v to_o king_n or_o magistrate_n to_o plant_v or_o propagate_v his_o faith_n and_o gospel_n and_o therefore_o in_o relation_n to_o these_o duty_n the_o minister_n and_o not_o the_o magistrate_n be_v style_v father_n because_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n and_o office_n of_o minister_n and_o not_o of_o magistrate_n to_o beget_v man_n in_o christ_n jesus_n through_o the_o gospel_n 1_o cor._n 4.15_o ob._n esay_n prophesy_v of_o the_o flourish_a estate_n of_o christ_n church_n among_o the_o gentile_n under_o the_o gospel_n recite_v this_o for_o a_o special_a mean_n of_o the_o increase_n thereof_o that_o king_n shall_v be_v the_o nurse_n father_n and_o queen_n the_o nurse_n mother_n of_o the_o church_n in_o those_o day_n esay_n 49.23_o who_o office_n it_o be_v by_o power_n to_o compel_v and_o not_o by_o preach_v to_o persuade_v man_n to_o forsake_v the_o error_n of_o their_o way_n and_o therefore_o king_n be_v father_n to_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n may_v execute_v the_o duty_n of_o their_o call_n over_o the_o member_n thereof_o and_o by_o consequence_n may_v exercise_v both_o their_o legislative_a and_o judiciarie_n power_n in_o matter_n of_o christian_a faith_n and_o doctrine_n which_o be_v that_o which_o constitute_v man_n member_n of_o this_o church_n and_o give_v the_o nomen_fw-la &_o esse_fw-la to_o a_o christian_a quà_fw-la talis_fw-la sol._n the_o attribute_n which_o this_o text_n give_v unto_o king_n do_v admirable_o express_v the_o duty_n of_o christian_a king_n towards_o their_o subject_n in_o reference_n to_o their_o christian_a and_o spiritual_a vocation_n and_o profession_n for_o king_n be_v not_o here_o simple_o style_v father_n as_o in_o other_o place_n of_o scripture_n which_o relate_v direct_o to_o their_o power_n and_o sovereignty_n over_o their_o subject_n but_o with_o the_o addition_n of_o this_o epithet_n of_o nurse_n they_o shall_v be_v say_v the_o text_n nurse_n father_n now_o a_o nurse_n you_o know_v do_v not_o beget_v a_o child_n but_o only_o protect_v and_o nourish_v it_o after_o it_o be_v both_o beget_v and_o bear_v and_o such_o a_o power_n indeed_o a_o christian_a king_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o exercise_v over_o his_o subject_n that_o be_v after_o they_o be_v beget_v and_o bear_v child_n of_o the_o faith_n and_o church_n of_o christ_n by_o the_o preach_n of_o the_o gospel_n he_o both_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o use_v his_o power_n to_o protect_v they_o from_o the_o wolvish_a enemy_n of_o christ_n church_n and_o to_o nourish_v they_o by_o gracious_a express_v of_o his_o royal_a favour_n but_o i_o can_v find_v any_o warrant_n for_o the_o king_n in_o that_o text_n to_o enact_v any_o law_n or_o statute_n to_o compel_v man_n of_o another_o faith_n and_o religion_n to_o become_v such_o as_o himself_o or_o to_o punish_v they_o that_o will_v not_o nor_o can_v i_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v any_o part_n of_o his_o commission_n or_o call_n repl._n it_o may_v be_v reply_v against_o this_o first_o that_o such_o a_o liberty_n for_o every_o man_n to_o profess_v and_o believe_v what_o his_o own_o fantasy_n do_v suggest_v and_o judge_v orthodox_n in_o such_o high_a and_o sacred_a mystery_n will_v fill_v the_o church_n with_o absurd_a and_o blasphemous_a error_n and_o heresy_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o commonwealth_n with_o distraction_n and_o division_n for_o it_o be_v a_o probatum_fw-la of_o daily_a experience_n that_o when_o the_o people_n be_v mad_v and_o instigate_v by_o mad_a sheba_n and_o sectary_n they_o will_v adventure_v upon_o any_o mischief_n spare_v neither_o sceptre_n nor_o mitre_n ephod_n nor_o diadom_n fancy_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v god_n and_o that_o themselves_o do_v god_n good_a service_n when_o they_o rage_n against_o his_o anoint_v and_o kill_v his_o prophet_n with_o the_o sword_n in_o the_o furious_a pursuit_n of_o their_o fanaticke_a opinion_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n that_o king_n shall_v exercise_v their_o power_n to_o settle_v a_o uniformity_n in_o matter_n of_o faith_n and_o doctrine_n because_o the_o peace_n and_o unity_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n do_v so_o direct_o depend_v thereupon_o second_o the_o primitive_a church_n have_v
the_o manner_n of_o his_o production_n natural_a either_o by_o creation_n or_o generation_n but_o supernatural_a and_o mystical_a by_o a_o incomprehensible_a obumbration_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n and_o as_o the_o person_n and_o conception_n of_o christ_n do_v transcend_v the_o knowledge_n both_o of_o man_n and_o angel_n so_o likewise_o do_v the_o office_n of_o christ_n and_o all_o his_o act_n of_o mediation_n and_o all_o those_o divine_a grace_n viz_o faith_n hope_n charity_n which_o invest_v it_o with_o a_o real_a right_n and_o interest_n therein_o and_o therefore_o there_o be_v never_o one_o syllable_n so_o much_o we_o mutter_v by_o any_o heathen_a philosopher_n or_o other_o profane_a writer_n concern_v any_o of_o these_o nor_o be_v it_o possible_a to_o attain_v the_o least_o glimpse_n of_o knowledge_n concern_v they_o by_o any_o other_o mean_n than_o the_o immediate_a revelation_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n quaere_fw-la it_o may_v be_v demand_v how_o these_o mere_a natural_a gift_n and_o blessing_n in_o heathen_n shall_v be_v a_o mean_n of_o salvation_n see_v no_o man_n by_o they_o can_v possible_o attain_v the_o knowledge_n of_o christ_n the_o sole_a fountain_n of_o life_n and_o therefore_o why_o heathen_a man_n shall_v be_v damn_v to_o who_o god_n never_o since_o the_o publication_n of_o that_o general_n pardon_v by_o christ_n impart_v the_o mean_n to_o be_v save_v sol._n though_o these_o natural_a gift_n and_o blessing_n in_o heathen_n be_v not_o the_o direct_a and_o immediate_a mean_n to_o attain_v the_o knowledge_n of_o christ_n yet_o they_o be_v the_o remote_a and_o occasional_a mean_n because_o they_o be_v sufficient_a light_n to_o discover_v unto_o man_n the_o insufficiency_n of_o their_o own_o ability_n to_o perform_v those_o duty_n which_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n exact_v and_o by_o that_o mean_n to_o occasion_n to_o seek_v for_o life_n and_o salvation_n elsewhere_o as_o the_o aethiopian_a eunuch_n do_v and_o the_o convert_a thief_n who_o acknowledge_v his_o own_o unrighteousness_n seek_v to_o christ_n for_o refuge_n and_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o petenti_fw-la dabitur_fw-la obtain_v what_o he_o seek_v though_o he_o never_o know_v the_o scripture_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v but_o justice_n that_o those_o heathen_n who_o do_v not_o right_o employ_v that_o one_o talon_n which_o s._n paul_n affirm_v they_o have_v receive_v from_o god_n rom._n 1._o shall_v receive_v their_o wage_n with_o the_o evil_a and_o slothful_a servant_n though_o these_o woe_n shall_v not_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o woe_n of_o those_o caytiffe_n who_o have_v misemployed_n five_o talent_n viz._n 1._o the_o talon_n of_o natural_a gift_n and_o blessing_n 2._o the_o talon_n of_o religious_a education_n 3._o the_o talon_n of_o god_n word_n and_o sacrament_n 4._o of_o religious_a magistracy_n 5._o of_o a_o learned_a ministry_n now_o this_o jus_fw-la divinum_fw-la be_v that_o which_o do_v proper_o claim_v a_o place_n in_o that_o government_n which_o concern_v heathen_a man_n without_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o church_n and_o ignorant_a of_o the_o will_n of_o god_n reveal_v concern_v christ_n the_o mediator_n which_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o jus_fw-la divinum_fw-la immediatum_fw-la 2._o immediate_a divine_a right_n be_v that_o which_o be_v ground_v upon_o subdivision_n 7_o the_o will_n of_o god_n concern_v the_o manifestation_n of_o his_o mercy_n in_o christ_n by_o vouchsafe_v unto_o man_n the_o direct_a and_o immediate_a mean_n unto_o life_n and_o salvation_n in_o the_o revelation_n of_o god_n spirit_n concern_v christ_n and_o his_o merit_n and_o all_o other_o matter_n which_o relate_v to_o he_o and_o this_o jus_fw-la divinum_fw-la be_v twofold_a extraordinarium_fw-la &_o ordinarium_fw-la 1._o extraordinary_a divine_a right_n be_v that_o which_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o god_n concern_v the_o manifestation_n of_o his_o mercy_n in_o christ_n by_o the_o immediate_a &_o extraordinary_a revelation_n of_o his_o spirit_n concern_v the_o mystery_n of_o salvation_n by_o christ_n which_o be_v the_o mean_n which_o god_n vouchsafe_v unto_o adam_n &_o divers_a of_o the_o patriarch_n prophet_n and_o disciple_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o convert_a thief_n also_o before_o the_o knowledge_n of_o christ_n gospel_n be_v full_o complete_v in_o the_o writing_n of_o the_o prophet_n and_o apostle_n of_o which_o the_o apostle_n make_v mention_n heb._n 1_o and_o this_o ius_n divinum_fw-la in_o regard_v it_o relate_v either_o to_o particular_a time_n particular_a person_n or_o particular_a occasion_n can_v proper_o claim_v a_o place_n in_o government_n which_o concern_v the_o constant_a order_v of_o a_o society_n of_o man_n 2._o ordinary_a divine_a right_o be_v that_o which_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o god_n concern_v the_o manifestation_n of_o his_o mercy_n in_o christ_n by_o the_o ordinary_a revelation_n of_o his_o spirit_n declare_v in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o prophet_n and_o apostle_n which_o we_o common_o call_v the_o scripture_n which_o be_v publish_v by_o the_o special_a mercy_n of_o god_n for_o a_o light_n and_o guide_v to_o his_o visible_a church_n in_o all_o truth_n requisite_a to_o salvation_n by_o christ_n and_o this_o jus_fw-la divinum_fw-la be_v twofold_a supernaturale_fw-la &_o naturale_fw-la subdivision_n 8_o 1._o supernatural_a divine_a right_n be_v that_o which_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o god_n reveal_v in_o the_o scripture_n concern_v those_o supernatural_a truth_n which_o be_v the_o proper_a and_o immediate_a mean_n of_o salvation_n by_o christ_n and_o not_o attainable_a by_o any_o other_o mean_v but_o only_o by_o divine_a revelation_n and_o these_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n 1._o such_o truth_n wherein_o christ_n have_v express_o make_v any_o of_o his_o love_n to_o we_o and_o these_o again_o be_v twofold_a 1._o such_o as_o be_v the_o object_n of_o christian_a faith_n and_o those_o be_v such_o thing_n as_o christ_n have_v do_v and_o act_v for_o our_o sake_n for_o the_o reconciliation_n of_o we_o to_o god_n as_o the_o assumption_n of_o our_o nature_n and_o the_o offering_n it_o up_o again_o for_o a_o sacrifice_n to_o god_n and_o all_o other_o natural_a act_n of_o mediation_n which_o be_v the_o substance_n and_o content_n of_o a_o christian_n creed_n 2._o such_o as_o be_v the_o object_n of_o christian_a hope_n and_o those_o be_v such_o blessing_n as_o christ_n by_o his_o act_n of_o mediation_n have_v make_v we_o capable_a of_o and_o which_o for_o his_o sake_n we_o expect_v by_o prayer_n to_o receive_v from_o god_n and_o those_o be_v the_o supernatural_a blessing_n and_o habit_n of_o faith_n hope_n and_o charity_n which_o enable_v we_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o our_o christian_a duty_n and_o all_o those_o supernatural_a blessing_n which_o be_v the_o reward_n of_o those_o duty_n and_o these_o be_v the_o substance_n and_o content_n of_o our_o devotion_n 2._o the_o second_o sort_n of_o supernatural_a truth_n reveal_v in_o scripture_n be_v such_o wherein_o we_o retain_v a_o express_a of_o our_o love_n to_o christ_n proportionable_a to_o those_o blessing_n which_o we_o have_v receive_v of_o his_o love_n to_o we_o and_o those_o be_v such_o truth_n which_o be_v the_o object_n of_o our_o charity_n and_o rule_n of_o christian_a duty_n of_o which_o truth_n christ_n mean_v when_o he_o say_v if_o you_o know_v these_o thing_n happy_a be_v you_o if_o you_o do_v they_o now_o these_o christian_a duty_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n viz_o either_o mere_o or_o mixt_o evangelicall_n 1._o mere_o evangelicall_n be_v those_o which_o consist_v in_o the_o right_a use_n of_o evangelical_n and_o supernatural_a gift_n and_o blessing_n such_o as_o be_v the_o gift_n of_o prophesy_v heal_a work_v of_o miracle_n and_o the_o like_v mention_v by_o saint_n paul_n 1._o cor._n 12._o which_o duty_n be_v of_o no_o use_n at_o all_o under_o the_o old_a covenant_n of_o work_n but_o be_v institute_v by_o god_n since_o the_o fall_n of_o man_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o church_n and_o for_o help_n and_o furtherance_n to_o christian_a man_n in_o the_o performance_n of_o christian_a duty_n 2._o mixt_o evangelical_n duty_n be_v those_o which_o consist_v in_o the_o right_a use_n of_o natural_a blessing_n and_o which_o receive_v their_o first_o sanction_n from_o god_n in_o paradise_n before_o the_o apostasy_n of_o man_n upon_o which_o apostasy_n that_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v absolute_o abolish_v as_o to_o that_o use_n to_o be_v a_o rule_n and_o ground_n for_o the_o salvation_n and_o damnation_n of_o man_n for_o no_o man_n be_v now_o damn_a because_o he_o transgress_v that_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o because_o of_o infidelity_n despair_n and_o hatred_n of_o christ_n which_o be_v the_o opposite_a vice_n to_o faith_n hope_n &_o charity_n which_o consist_v in_o the_o knowledge_n confidence_n and_o love_n of_o christ_n which_o that_o law_n never_o any_o way_n relate_v unto_o but_o yet_o the_o same_o law_n and_o rule_n receive_v a_o
afford_v we_o many_o laudable_a precedent_n to_o this_o purpose_n in_o many_o creed_n and_o brief_a form_n of_o confession_n purposely_o compose_v by_o the_o father_n and_o counsel_n of_o those_o time_n to_o the_o end_n that_o a_o profess_a uniformity_n of_o faith_n and_o doctrine_n in_o such_o fundamental_o may_v preserve_v the_o peace_n and_o unity_n of_o the_o church_n and_o by_o consequence_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o therefore_o there_o want_v neither_o reason_n nor_o authority_n to_o warrant_v the_o exercise_n of_o regal_a power_n in_o matter_n of_o faith_n and_o doctrine_n sol._n this_o uniformity_n of_o faith_n and_o religion_n be_v more_o to_o be_v desire_v then_o hope_v for_o for_o saint_n paul_n have_v express_o declare_v the_o necessity_n of_o such_o a_o dissonancie_n among_o christian_n in_o the_o principle_n of_o faith_n and_o religion_n as_o shall_v also_o introduce_v division_n and_o discord_n among_o they_o 1_o cor._n 11.18_o 19_o in_o which_o text_n the_o apostle_n allege_v the_o providence_n of_o god_n to_o be_v the_o ground_n thereof_o who_o thereby_o provide_v for_o the_o manifestation_n of_o the_o sincere_a and_o faithful_a and_o also_o for_o their_o better_a information_n and_o knowledge_n in_o matter_n of_o faith_n and_o sure_o the_o gospel_n have_v never_o be_v so_o perfect_o radicate_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o christian_n without_o opposition_n and_o dispute_n concern_v the_o same_o and_o therefore_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o wisdom_n providence_n and_o goodness_n of_o god_n towards_o his_o child_n that_o these_o division_n shall_v be_v the_o fruit_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o gospel_n as_o christ_n himself_o do_v forewarn_v his_o disciple_n for_o christian_n be_v always_o best_o principled_a in_o those_o point_n which_o be_v most_o controvert_v for_o the_o dispute_v concern_v jewish_n ceremony_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o apostle_n concern_v the_o trinity_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o father_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o justification_n of_o the_o sacrament_n and_o other_o point_n of_o popery_n of_o late_a time_n and_o concern_v form_n of_o worship_n government_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n in_o these_o present_a time_n have_v beget_v a_o more_o exact_a understanding_n in_o christian_n in_o all_o these_o point_n than_o ever_o they_o have_v in_o probability_n attain_v unto_o if_o satan_n have_v not_o sow_v these_o seed_n of_o discord_n among_o they_o as_o for_o the_o danger_n and_o inconvenience_n to_o church_n and_o commonwealth_n pretend_v for_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o exercise_n of_o a_o regal_a power_n in_o these_o matter_n it_o be_v but_o a_o piece_n of_o jeroboam_n policy_n in_o erect_v golden_a calf_n to_o secure_v his_o kingdom_n for_o to_o pretend_v a_o necessity_n of_o unwarrantable_a mean_n for_o the_o security_n of_o church_n or_o state_n be_v but_o to_o appeal_v from_o god_n to_o the_o devil_n for_o succour_n which_o will_v certain_o bring_v our_o fear_n upon_o we_o for_o it_o be_v just_a with_o god_n to_o pour_v down_o those_o judgement_n upon_o the_o true_a professor_n which_o be_v due_a to_o such_o heretic_n when_o the_o former_a sort_n out_o of_o diffidence_n of_o god_n wisdom_n power_n and_o goodness_n will_v anticipate_v his_o justice_n in_o the_o latter_a and_o out_o of_o a_o precipitate_a zeal_n to_o god_n honour_n obtrude_v their_o undesired_a and_o therefore_o unwelcome_a help_n and_o assistance_n upon_o he_o whereas_o if_o we_o can_v but_o let_v they_o alone_o as_o christ_n exhort_v mat._n 15.14_o and_o wait_v god_n time_n with_o patience_n the_o lord_n will_v not_o fail_v to_o root_v out_o such_o spurious_a plant_n which_o be_v not_o of_o his_o own_o plant_n but_o of_o the_o devil_n as_o all_o such_o heresy_n most_o undoubted_o be_v yet_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o the_o magistrate_n both_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o exercise_v his_o power_n for_o the_o restrain_v and_o punishment_n of_o those_o division_n which_o be_v the_o fruit_n and_o effect_n of_o these_o erroneous_a and_o heretical_a opinion_n when_o they_o come_v to_o be_v of_o political_a cogni●●n●●_n i._n e._n a●●●_n of_o violence_n and_o injustice_n disturb_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o the_o error_n themselves_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n and_o productive_n of_o these_o mischief_n in_o state_n be_v not_o at_o all_o of_o political_a but_o of_o another_o high_a cognizance_n as_o for_o the_o concise_a form_n of_o faith_n and_o confession_n mention_v in_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o the_o objection_n i_o do_v acknowledge_v such_o short_a creed_n as_o that_o of_o the_o apostle_n of_o the_o nicene_n council_n of_o athanasius_n and_o many_o other_o orthodox_n creed_n devise_v some_o by_o counsel_n some_o by_o particular_a father_n against_o such_o particular_a heresy_n as_o reign_v in_o their_o time_n to_o be_v of_o admirable_a use_n and_o expediency_n for_o the_o church_n edification_n but_o for_o any_o magistrate_n to_o constrain_v his_o subject_n by_o virtue_n of_o any_o law_n or_o statute_n to_o swear_v the_o truth_n of_o these_o creed_n or_o of_o any_o other_o article_n of_o faith_n of_o the_o truth_n whereof_o the_o deponent_a be_v not_o first_o full_o satisfy_v in_o his_o conscience_n but_o do_v either_o believe_v or_o doubt_v the_o same_o to_o be_v false_a must_v needs_o be_v a_o offence_n of_o a_o very_a high_a nature_n in_o any_o magistrate_n because_o he_o do_v not_o only_o render_v himself_o accessary_a to_o the_o perjury_n of_o he_o that_o swear_v but_o guilty_a also_o of_o a_o sacrilegious_a intrusion_n and_o usurpation_n upon_o those_o sacred_a prerogative_n which_o god_n have_v reserve_v entire_a unto_o himself_o viz._n of_o the_o power_n and_o command_v over_o the_o conscience_n which_o god_n never_o impart_v unto_o any_o creature_n man_n or_o angel_n neither_o of_o who_o how_o great_a and_o glorious_a soever_o be_v able_a to_o pacify_v a_o injure_a incense_a and_o wrathful_a conscience_n the_o three_o reason_n be_v take_v from_o the_o inefficacy_n of_o compulsive_a mean_n to_o plant_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n manifest_v in_o saint_n paul_n exhortation_n to_o timothy_n concern_v his_o demeanour_n towards_o those_o who_o shall_v oppose_v themselves_o against_o the_o truth_n and_o gospel_n of_o christ_n not_o only_o of_o infirmity_n and_o ignorance_n but_o of_o obstinacy_n and_o maliousnesse_n 2_o tim._n 3._o towards_o who_o he_o exhort_v timothy_n to_o be_v gentle_a and_o instruct_v they_o with_o meekness_n 2_o tim._n 2.24_o 25._o and_o yet_o we_o know_v that_o saint_n paul_n do_v not_o want_v experience_n of_o the_o efficacy_n and_o virtue_n of_o compulsive_a and_o violent_a course_n to_o force_v a_o conformity_n in_o other_o to_o his_o own_o faith_n belief_n and_o profession_n and_o therefore_o sure_o he_o will_v never_o have_v so_o careful_o prescribe_v this_o rule_n to_o timothy_n if_o he_o have_v find_v persecution_n and_o the_o exercise_n of_o secular_a power_n to_o be_v a_o better_a expedient_a to_o convert_v man_n to_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n or_o to_o convince_v a_o erroneous_a conscience_n the_o incongruity_n of_o which_o mean_v also_o the_o lord_n himself_o have_v further_o manifest_v by_o render_v all_o such_o inordinate_a endeavour_n not_o only_o fruitless_a and_o inefficacious_a for_o the_o eradication_n of_o heresy_n but_o also_o advantageous_a to_o confirm_v they_o in_o the_o party_n persecute_v and_o to_o multiply_v the_o professor_n of_o the_o same_o heretical_a opinion_n as_o the_o history_n of_o the_o primitive_a persecution_n do_v sufficient_o declare_v for_o there_o be_v so_o much_o disproportion_n between_o a_o immaterial_a conscience_n and_o a_o material_a sword_n that_o the_o weak_a judgement_n be_v apt_a to_o conclude_v that_o those_o who_o make_v use_v of_o such_o absurd_a and_o improper_a argument_n to_o convince_v the_o conscience_n of_o other_o be_v not_o provide_v of_o better_a ground_n and_o reason_n whereupon_o to_o build_v their_o own_o faith_n and_o religion_n and_o he_o that_o consult_v the_o narrative_n of_o the_o spanish_a proceed_n in_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o indian_n shall_v find_v that_o saint_n peter_n add_v more_o soul_n to_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n by_o one_o sermon_n than_o the_o spaniard_n be_v able_a to_o do_v by_o seven_o year_n persecution_n although_o it_o be_v not_o defective_a in_o any_o point_n of_o savage_a and_o inhuman_a cruelty_n ob._n many_o perverse_a nature_n have_v be_v convert_v to_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n by_o rigorous_a mean_n upon_o who_o persuasion_n and_o argumentation_n can_v have_v no_o such_o influence_n and_o we_o find_v by_o daily_a experience_n that_o correction_n and_o stripe_n be_v a_o mean_n to_o infuse_v document_n into_o some_o child_n in_o who_o soul_n the_o most_o rational_a instruction_n with_o meekness_n can_v make_v no_o such_o impression_n sol._n balaams_n ass_n speak_v when_o she_o be_v beat_v three_o time_n with_o a_o staff_n and_o yet_o a_o man_n will_v esteem_v he_o a_o ass_n that_o shall_v