it_o if_o the_o protestant_a charity_n shall_v seem_v to_o fall_v short_a in_o outward_a pomp_n and_o magnificence_n it_o will_v be_v find_v much_o more_o to_o exceed_v it_o in_o number_n and_o usefulness_n which_o make_v i_o so_o much_o the_o more_o wonder_n to_o hear_v and_o see_v the_o ill_a effect_n of_o the_o reformation_n in_o this_o kind_n so_o much_o insist_v on_o of_o late_a to_o disprove_v the_o goodness_n of_o it_o if_o some_o great_a man_n have_v sinister_a end_n in_o it_o when_o be_v there_o any_o great_a action_n of_o that_o nature_n wherein_o some_o person_n do_v not_o aim_v at_o their_o own_o advantage_n by_o it_o who_o can_v excuse_v all_o the_o courtier_n in_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n or_o all_o the_o action_n of_o that_o great_a emperor_n himself_o must_v christianity_n therefore_o be_v think_v the_o worse_o because_o it_o do_v prevail_v in_o his_o time_n and_o very_o much_o by_o his_o mean_n and_o there_o be_v some_o partial_a historian_n in_o those_o day_n that_o impute_v the_o demolish_n of_o heathen_a temple_n and_o the_o suppress_n of_o idolatry_n to_o the_o rapine_n and_o sacrilege_n of_o the_o time_n for_o even_o those_o heathen_a temple_n be_v rich_o endow_v and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o when_o such_o a_o tree_n be_v shake_v there_o will_v be_v no_o scramble_n for_o the_o fruit_n of_o it_o however_o we_o be_v not_o concern_v to_o justify_v the_o action_n or_o design_n of_o any_o particular_a person_n how_o great_a soever_o but_o that_o which_o we_o plead_v for_o be_v that_o the_o reformation_n itself_o be_v a_o just_a pious_a prudent_a and_o necessary_a thing_n and_o have_v both_o sufficient_a authority_n to_o warrant_v it_o and_o sufficient_a reason_n to_o justify_v it_o we_o read_v in_o the_o spanish_a history_n a_o remarkable_a precedent_n which_o vindicate_v the_o proceed_n of_o our_o reformation_n in_o england_n the_o gotthick_n nation_n have_v be_v infect_v with_o arianism_n two_o hundred_o and_o thirteen_o year_n when_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o leander_n bishop_n of_o sevil_n the_o king_n reccaredus_n be_v due_o inform_v in_o the_o orthodox_n faith_n call_v a_o council_n at_o toledo_n 〈…〉_z wherein_o arianism_n be_v renounce_v by_o the_o declaration_n and_o subscription_n of_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v present_a in_o council_n and_o afterward_o by_o the_o bishop_n who_o join_v with_o he_o and_o the_o great_a man_n which_o be_v do_v the_o council_n proceed_v to_o make_v new_a canon_n and_o constitution_n which_o the_o king_n confirm_v by_o his_o edict_n declare_v that_o if_o any_o bishop_n priest_n or_o deacon_n refuse_v to_o observe_v they_o he_o be_v sentence_v by_o the_o council_n to_o excommunication_n if_o any_o of_o the_o high_a rank_n of_o the_o laity_n the_o penalty_n be_v pay_v half_o their_o estate_n to_o the_o exchequer_n if_o other_o confiscation_n and_o banishment_n all_o which_o be_v extant_a in_o the_o record_n of_o that_o council_n the_o arian_n bishop_n as_o mariana_n 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the_o pope_n authority_n lucas_n tudensis_n therefore_o say_v that_o leander_n be_v the_o pope_n legate_n but_o mariana_n confess_v 1._o that_o the_o very_a act_n of_o the_o council_n contradict_v it_o he_o will_v have_v it_o believe_v that_o they_o send_v legate_n to_o the_o pope_n afterward_o to_o have_v the_o council_n confirm_v by_o he_o but_o he_o acknowledge_v that_o nothing_o appear_v in_o history_n to_o that_o purpose_n and_o if_o any_o such_o thing_n have_v be_v it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v omit_v in_o the_o epistle_n of_o gregory_n 41._o who_o write_v to_o leander_n a_o letter_n of_o congratulation_n for_o the_o conversion_n of_o reccaredus_n but_o then_o national_a church_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v power_n enough_o to_o reform_v themselves_o provide_v that_o they_o proceed_v according_a to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o four_o general_a council_n and_o this_o be_v that_o we_o maintain_v in_o behalf_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n that_o it_o receive_v all_o the_o creed_n which_o be_v then_o receive_v and_o have_v reform_v those_o abuse_n only_o which_o have_v creep_v into_o the_o church_n since_o that_o time_n this_o my_o lord_n be_v the_o cause_n which_o by_o command_n of_o my_o superior_n i_o be_v first_o engage_v to_o defend_v among_o who_o your_o lordship_n predecessor_n who_o constant_a friendship_n and_o kindness_n i_o must_v never_o forget_v be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a since_o that_o time_n i_o have_v have_v but_o little_a respite_n from_o these_o not_o so_o please_v to_o i_o as_o sometime_o necessary_a polemical_a exercise_n and_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o rage_n and_o malice_n of_o the_o adversary_n of_o our_o church_n against_o i_o i_o sit_v down_o with_o that_o contentment_n that_o i_o have_v defend_v a_o righteous_a cause_n and_o with_o a_o honest_a mind_n and_o therefore_o i_o little_o regard_v their_o bitter_a censure_n and_o reproach_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o such_o a_o crowd_n of_o adversary_n it_o be_v no_o unpleasant_a entertainment_n to_o i_o to_o see_v the_o various_a method_n with_o which_o they_o have_v attack_v i_o some_o with_o piteous_a moan_n and_o outcry_n other_o grin_v and_o only_o show_v their_o tooth_n other_o rant_a and_o hector_v other_o scold_v and_o revile_v but_o i_o must_v needs_o say_v the_o adversary_n i_o now_o answer_v have_v show_v more_o art_n and_o cunning_a than_o all_o the_o rest_n put_v together_o and_o have_v say_v as_o much_o in_o defence_n of_o their_o cause_n as_o wit_n and_o subtilty_n can_v invent_v i_o wish_v i_o can_v speak_v as_o free_o of_o his_o fair_a deal_n and_o ingenuity_n he_o therefore_o i_o reserve_v to_o be_v answer_v by_o himself_o after_o i_o have_v shake_v off_o the_o lesser_a and_o more_o bark_a creature_n what_o i_o have_v now_o do_v i_o humble_o present_a to_o your_o lordship_n hand_n and_o i_o be_o very_o glad_a of_o this_o opportunity_n to_o declare_v what_o satisfaction_n the_o member_n of_o your_o own_o church_n and_o the_o clergy_n of_o this_o great_a city_n have_v to_o see_v a_o person_n of_o so_o noble_a birth_n so_o much_o temper_v and_o prudence_n so_o firm_a a_o assertor_n of_o the_o protestant_a religion_n and_o church_n of_o england_n appoint_v by_o his_o majesty_n to_o have_v the_o conduct_n and_o government_n of_o they_o that_o god_n almighty_a will_v assist_v and_o direct_v your_o lordship_n in_o those_o thing_n which_o tend_v to_o the_o peace_n and_o welfare_n of_o this_o church_n be_v the_o hearty_a prayer_n of_o my_o lord_n your_o lordship_n most_o dutiful_a and_o obedient_a servant_n ed._n stillingfleet_n may_v 30._o 1676._o to_o the_o reader_n it_o have_v be_v long_o expect_v that_o i_o shall_v have_v publish_v a_o answer_n to_o t._n g._n as_o the_o most_o considerable_a adversary_n that_o appear_v against_o i_o but_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v that_o before_o his_o book_n come_v out_o i_o have_v undertake_v the_o answer_n of_o several_a other_o which_o when_o i_o have_v set_v forth_o a_o person_n of_o honour_n who_o have_v be_v please_v to_o defend_v i_o against_o one_o of_o my_o keen_a antagonist_n be_v assault_v by_o he_o who_o i_o be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n oblige_v in_o gratitude_n to_o ease_v of_o any_o far_a trouble_n since_o that_o time_n i_o have_v apply_v myself_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o t._n g.'s_n book_n as_o much_o as_o health_n and_o other_o business_n will_v permit_v and_o find_v such_o confusion_n in_o most_o discourse_n about_o idolatry_n and_o that_o till_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o be_v full_o and_o clear_o state_v man_n will_v still_o dispute_v in_o the_o dark_a about_o these_o matter_n in_o my_o last_o summer_n retirement_n i_o set_v myself_o to_o the_o strict_a examination_n of_o it_o by_o search_v with_o my_o utmost_a diligence_n into_o the_o idolatry_n practise_v in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o best_a author_n i_o can_v
and_o if_o the_o testimony_n of_o constantinus_n bishop_n of_o constantia_n in_o cyprus_n there_o extant_a 235._o may_v be_v take_v he_o flourish_v in_o the_o time_n of_o mauricius_n in_o which_o the_o jew_n be_v introduce_v upbraid_v the_o christian_n with_o break_v the_o commandment_n of_o god_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n and_o leontius_n be_v put_v to_o miserable_a shift_n to_o descend_v it_o and_o in_o the_o dispute_n between_o the_o jew_n and_o the_o christian_a in_o the_o five_o action_n of_o that_o council_n the_o jew_n say_v i_o be_o scandalize_v at_o you_o christian_n because_o you_o worship_v image_n 355._o express_o against_o the_o command_n of_o god_n and_o in_o the_o discourse_n of_o john_n bishop_n of_o thessalonica_n the_o gentile_a say_v 354._o do_v not_o you_o christian_n not_o only_o paint_v the_o image_n of_o your_o saint_n and_o worship_v they_o but_o even_o the_o image_n of_o your_o god_n too_o so_o likewise_o think_v that_o we_o do_v not_o worship_v the_o image_n themselves_o but_o those_o incorporeal_a power_n which_o be_v worship_v through_o they_o and_o this_o learned_a bishop_n to_o make_v out_o the_o disparity_n between_o the_o heathen_n and_o they_o fly_v to_o this_o lamentable_a refuge_n that_o they_o do_v not_o believe_v the_o angel_n to_o be_v incorporeal_a as_o the_o gentile_n do_v and_o therefore_o may_v better_a make_v image_n of_o they_o which_o be_v not_o the_o thing_n i_o now_o observe_v but_o only_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n begin_v the_o christian_n be_v sufficient_o upbraid_v with_o it_o by_o their_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v most_o unreasonable_a to_o suppose_v that_o if_o the_o same_o worship_n have_v prevail_v before_o the_o jew_n and_o gentile_n will_v not_o have_v object_v the_o same_o thing_n when_o there_o be_v man_n that_o want_v neither_o advantage_n nor_o ill_a will_n to_o do_v it_o 3._o that_o when_o the_o controversy_n about_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n grow_v hot_a the_o defender_n of_o they_o make_v use_v of_o treason_n and_o rebellion_n to_o maintain_v their_o cause_n it_o will_v make_v one_o wonder_v to_o see_v how_o a_o late_a pretend_a author_n of_o the_o history_n of_o the_o iconoclast_n in_o english_a have_v endeavour_v to_o accommodate_v that_o history_n to_o our_o reformation_n in_o england_n history_n make_v henry_n 8._o to_o be_v leo_n isauricus_n and_o queen_n mary_n to_o be_v irene_n which_o be_v not_o much_o for_o her_o honour_n but_o suppose_v henry_n 8._o to_o be_v leo_n on_o who_o side_n lie_v the_o charge_n of_o rebellion_n which_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a the_o pope_n and_o his_o adherent_n be_v guilty_a of_o towards_o leo_n for_o gregory_n 2._o confess_v in_o his_o epistle_n to_o leo_n 1._o that_o the_o people_n rebel_v against_o he_o out_o of_o zeal_n to_o their_o image_n and_o onuphrius_n say_v 2._o that_o by_o reason_n of_o leo_n opposition_n to_o image_n the_o pope_n deprive_v he_o of_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o italy_n and_o this_o worthy_a historian_n himself_o say_v that_o the_o roman_n and_o other_o then_o subject_a to_o leo_n do_v not_o only_o throw_v down_o his_o statue_n from_o the_o high_a place_n and_o pillar_n whereon_o they_o stand_v but_o will_v no_o long_o pay_v he_o any_o tribute_n or_o obey_v his_o order_n 44._o and_o he_o confess_v afterward_o that_o upon_o the_o pope_n instigation_n they_o begin_v a_o defensive_a conspiracy_n for_o religion_n just_o such_o another_o as_o the_o irish_a rebellion_n 47._o which_o that_o author_n have_v hear_v of_o only_o this_o be_v far_o more_o bloody_a and_o cruel_a than_o the_o other_o but_o p.t._n be_v concern_v for_o the_o pope_n honour_n say_v that_o what_o the_o pope_n intend_v only_o for_o a_o defensive_a confederacy_n for_o religion_n sore_o against_o the_o pope_n will_n prove_v a_o offensive_a conspiracy_n against_o the_o emperor_n temporal_a right_n in_o so_o much_o that_o all_o italy_n renounce_v his_o dominion_n be_v the_o forbid_v the_o pay_a tribute_n to_o the_o emperor_n only_o a_o defensive_a confederacy_n for_o religion_n yet_o this_o anastasius_n bibliothecarius_n zonaras_n cedrenus_n glycas_n theophanes_n sigebert_n otto_n frisingensis_n conradus_n urspergensis_n sigonius_n rubeus_n and_o ciacconius_n all_o agree_v to_o have_v be_v do_v by_o the_o pope_n greg._n upon_o the_o emperor_n declare_v against_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n but_o i_o need_v go_v no_o far_o than_o this_o 54._o historian_n who_o deliver_v this_o for_o the_o doctrine_n of_o this_o pope_n in_o a_o synod_n at_o rome_n on_o behalf_n of_o image_n viz._n that_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n to_o believe_v god_n will_v have_v a_o multitude_n of_o man_n or_o all_o mankind_n to_o be_v damn_v rather_o than_o resist_v with_o arm_n false_a doctrine_n favour_v by_o one_o or_o a_o few_o sovereign_n see_v christ_n die_v rather_o to_o save_v soul_n than_o to_o humour_n sovereign_n most_o primitive_a and_o catholic_n doctrine_n and_o happy_o apply_v to_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n but_o he_o go_v on_o as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v give_v instruction_n for_o another_o rebellion_n that_o the_o rule_n whereby_o they_o ought_v to_o judge_v of_o the_o time_n and_o lawfulness_n of_o their_o resistance_n must_v not_o be_v their_o own_o fancy_n but_o a_o real_a danger_n of_o alter_v the_o catholic_n faith_n and_o the_o sovereign_n actual_a endeavour_n to_o do_v it_o so_o that_o according_a to_o this_o bless_a doctrine_n a_o rebellion_n on_o the_o account_n of_o religion_n be_v a_o just_a and_o holy_a war_n and_o be_v it_o not_o easy_a to_o discern_v what_o such_o man_n will_v be_v at_o who_o deliver_v this_o as_o the_o doctrine_n of_o their_o head_n of_o the_o church_n in_o a_o council_n of_o bishop_n if_o gregory_n 2._o say_v such_o thing_n he_o do_v but_o speak_v agreeable_o to_o his_o act_n if_o he_o do_v not_o we_o know_v at_o least_o the_o mind_n of_o this_o historian_n who_o seem_v to_o have_v calculate_v his_o history_n for_o a_o meridian_n near_a home_n 4._o it_o be_v observable_a how_o great_a and_o apparent_a a_o change_n be_v make_v in_o the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n in_o this_o matter_n of_o image_n between_o the_o time_n of_o the_o two_o gregory_n the_o first_o and_o the_o second_o i.e._n between_o a._n d._n 604._o wherein_o the_o first_o gregory_n die_v and_o a.d._n 714._o wherein_o the_o second_o be_v make_v pope_n it_o will_v afford_v a_o man_n some_o pleasure_n to_o compare_v the_o epistle_n of_o gregorius_n m._n to_o serenus_n with_o those_o of_o gregory_n 2._o to_o the_o emperor_n leo_n and_o yet_o both_o these_o according_a to_o the_o roman_a pretence_n infallible_a head_n of_o the_o church_n we_o have_v already_o see_v what_o the_o former_a gregory_n opinion_n be_v let_v we_o now_o compare_v it_o with_o his_o namesake_n he_o charge_v the_o emperor_n leo_n with_o use_v the_o very_a same_o word_n that_o his_o predecessor_n have_v do_v in_o this_o matter_n leon._n viz._n that_o we_o be_v not_o to_o worship_v the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n whereas_o say_v he_o very_o wise_o those_o word_n be_v speak_v in_o scripture_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o such_o paganish_a idolater_n who_o worship_v golden_a and_o silver_n and_o wooden_a animal_n the_o pope_n call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o say_v these_o be_v thy_o god_n and_o there_o be_v no_o other_o god_n beside_o as_o though_o there_o ever_o have_v be_v such_o fool_n in_o the_o world_n and_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o these_o work_n of_o the_o devil_n hand_n we_o be_v command_v not_o to_o worship_v they_o but_o whatever_o be_v make_v by_o man_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n ought_v to_o be_v worship_v in_o spite_n of_o his_o predecessor_n definition_n to_o the_o contrary_a in_o the_o very_a same_o case_n and_o then_o he_o tell_v a_o very_a worshipful_a story_n of_o the_o picture_n that_o be_v take_v of_o christ_n and_o his_o apostle_n by_o their_o disciple_n and_o of_o the_o image_n christ_n send_v for_o a_o present_a to_o the_o king_n of_o edessa_n it_o be_v great_a pity_n the_o veronica_n be_v forget_v by_o he_o but_o that_o piece_n of_o antiquity_n be_v not_o yet_o know_v then_o he_o bid_v the_o emperor_n go_v among_o the_o boy_n at_o school_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v among_o they_o that_o he_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o image_n they_o will_v throw_v their_o table-book_n at_o his_o head_n because_o child_n always_o love_v picture_n and_o a_o little_a after_o he_o say_v he_o be_v like_o ozias_n the_o king_n of_o the_o jew_n that_o destroy_v the_o brazen_a serpent_n it_o seem_v the_o bible_n be_v then_o a_o book_n not_o much_o study_v by_o the_o head_n of_o the_o church_n for_o be_v it_o indeed_o ozias_n that_o demolish_v the_o brazen_a serpent_n and_o be_v this_o such_o a_o reproach_n to_o leo_n to_o be_v
about_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o when_o he_o give_v a_o account_n of_o this_o law_n in_o his_o book_n against_o celsus_n 23._o he_o never_o mention_n it_o but_o use_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o say_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o law_n be_v to_o forbid_v any_o kind_n of_o image_n tertullian_n say_v that_o god_n hereby_o do_v forbid_v all_o kind_n of_o similitude_n quanto_fw-la magis_fw-la imaginis_fw-la suae_fw-la how_o much_o more_o any_o image_n of_o himself_o and_o elsewhere_o he_o make_v a_o idol_n and_o a_o image_n the_o same_o thing_n 4._o and_o in_o another_o place_n that_o god_n do_v prohibit_v all_o similitude_n to_o prevent_v any_o occasion_n of_o idolatry_n for_o he_o add_v thou_o shall_v not_o bow_v down_o to_o they_o nor_o worship_v they_o 22._o therefore_o say_v he_o the_o brazen_a serpent_n be_v not_o against_o the_o law_n be_v not_o for_o worship_n but_o for_o a_o remedy_n nor_o the_o cherubin_n be_v mere_o ornament_n and_o therefore_o not_o fall_v under_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n and_o afterward_o he_o reckon_v up_o the_o several_a term_n of_o the_o law_n by_o image_n statue_n and_o similitude_n 22._o s._n cyprian_n interpret_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n idol_n in_o the_o commandment_n 1._o when_o he_o say_v they_o be_v such_o as_o the_o psalmist_n speak_v of_o that_o have_v mouth_n and_o speak_v not_o etc._n etc._n which_o be_v certain_o mean_v of_o image_n of_o humane_a shape_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o say_v the_o heathen_a idol_n be_v make_v 1._o ad_fw-la defunctorum_fw-la vultus_fw-la per_fw-la imaginem_fw-la detinendos_fw-la to_o preserve_v the_o countenance_n of_o the_o dead_a by_o image_n which_o be_v almost_o the_o same_o word_n with_o those_o of_o minucius_n felix_n speak_v of_o the_o same_o subject_n 21._o while_o they_o desire_v say_v he_o defunctos_fw-la reges_fw-la in_o imaginibus_fw-la videre_fw-la to_o see_v their_o prince_n image_n and_o to_o retain_v their_o memory_n in_o their_o statue_n that_o which_o at_o first_o be_v intend_v for_o their_o comfort_n become_v a_o object_n of_o worship_n so_o lactantius_n say_v 3._o that_o their_o simulachra_fw-la their_o idol_n in_o t._n g_n sense_n be_v either_o the_o monument_n of_o the_o dead_a or_o of_o the_o absent_a and_o he_o make_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o law_n to_o be_v nihil_fw-la colendum_fw-la esse_fw-la quod_fw-la oculis_fw-la mortalibus_fw-la cernitur_fw-la nothing_o to_o be_v worship_v that_o can_v be_v see_v s._n augustin_n give_v the_o sense_n of_o this_o commandment_n say_v 11._o that_o therein_o any_o similitude_n of_o god_n be_v forbid_v to_o be_v worship_v and_o therefore_o sure_o not_o the_o mere_a figment_n of_o man_n brain_n or_o representation_n of_o sphinx_n and_o triton_n and_o centauri_n 3._o that_o those_o very_a person_n who_o put_v that_o sense_n upon_o the_o word_n idol_n do_v yet_o make_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o commandment_n to_o be_v against_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n for_o both_o origen_n and_o theodoret_n make_v it_o unlawful_a by_o the_o force_n of_o this_o commandment_n 38._o to_o perform_v any_o external_a act_n of_o worship_n towards_o any_o representation_n whatsoever_o and_o the_o difference_n they_o both_o put_v between_o worship_n and_o service_n be_v 167._o that_o the_o latter_a be_v that_o of_o the_o mind_n and_o the_o former_a of_o the_o body_n but_o both_o they_o say_v be_v here_o forbid_v and_o therefore_o i_o can_v imagine_v what_o comfort_n t._n g._n can_v have_v in_o suppose_v their_o image_n be_v not_o forbid_v under_o the_o name_n of_o idol_n if_o they_o be_v forbid_v under_o the_o name_n of_o similitude_n and_o it_o be_v as_o unlawful_a to_o worship_v they_o under_o one_o name_n as_o under_o the_o other_o our_o quarrel_n be_v not_o with_o they_o mere_o on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o word_n idolatry_n but_o it_o be_v on_o the_o account_n of_o their_o worship_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o express_a law_n of_o god_n and_o whether_o it_o be_v forbid_v under_o the_o name_n of_o idol_n or_o similitude_n it_o be_v all_o one_o to_o we_o as_o long_o as_o the_o worship_n they_o practise_v be_v as_o plain_o against_o the_o sense_n of_o this_o commandment_n as_o perjury_n adultery_n or_o theft_n be_v against_o the_o other_o commandment_n and_o that_o even_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o origen_n and_o theodoret_n themselves_o beside_o if_o we_o look_v into_o the_o sense_n of_o these_o two_o author_n we_o shall_v find_v their_o meaning_n be_v not_o as_o t._n g._n imagine_v to_o make_v those_o only_a idol_n that_o be_v make_v to_o represent_v fiction_n of_o the_o brain_n but_o to_o show_v that_o god_n have_v forbid_v all_o sort_n of_o image_n symbolical_a as_o well_o as_o other_o for_o say_v origen_n moses_n be_v skill_v in_o all_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o egyptian_n do_v forbid_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v use_v in_o their_o secret_a and_o hide_a mystery_n i_o e._n their_o symbolical_a and_o hieroglyphical_a representation_n and_o theodoret_n particular_o mention_n the_o egyptian_a image_n with_o the_o face_n of_o a_o dog_n and_o the_o head_n of_o a_o ox_n whereby_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o they_o think_v moses_n by_o this_o law_n intend_v to_o forbid_v all_o manner_n of_o representation_n of_o thing_n in_o order_n to_o worship_n whether_o it_o be_v by_o hieroglyphic_n or_o by_o proper_a similitude_n so_o that_o neither_o origen_n nor_o theodoret_n by_o this_o interpretation_n do_v give_v the_o least_o countenance_n to_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n 4._o i_o shall_v in_o the_o last_o place_n show_v 5._o that_o this_o interpretation_n of_o the_o term_n idol_n be_v overthrow_v by_o the_o most_o learned_a person_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n who_o do_v confess_v that_o the_o image_n of_o real_a being_n may_v become_v idol_n and_o that_o in_o these_o follow_a case_n 1._o when_o proper_a latria_n be_v give_v to_o a_o image_n that_o be_v true_o idolatry_n say_v bellarmin_n 24._o when_o proper_a latria_n be_v give_v to_o any_o thing_n beside_o god_n and_o it_o be_v not_o only_a idolatry_n when_o a_o idol_n be_v worship_v without_o god_n but_o when_o a_o idol_n be_v worship_v together_o with_o god_n and_o from_o hence_o he_o conclude_v that_o no_o image_n ought_v to_o be_v worship_v with_o proper_a latria_n which_o conclusion_n can_v be_v of_o any_o force_n unless_o such_o a_o image_n become_v a_o idol_n but_o he_o go_v far_a and_o say_v that_o those_o who_o worship_v a_o image_n of_o christ_n with_o divine_a honour_n although_o it_o be_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o christ_n and_o not_o of_o the_o image_n do_v commit_v idolatry_n for_o say_v he_o although_o a_o man_n pretend_v to_o give_v these_o honour_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o god_n or_o christ_n yet_o in_o as_o much_o as_o he_o give_v divine_a honour_n to_o they_o he_o do_v real_o give_v it_o for_o themselves_o although_o he_o deny_v it_o in_o word_n which_o be_v a_o very_a fair_a confession_n and_o from_o hence_o those_o be_v condemn_v as_o heretic_n who_o give_v divine_a worship_n to_o the_o image_n of_o christ_n as_o appear_v by_o irenaeus_n epiphanius_n s._n augustin_n and_o damascen_n according_a to_o which_o concession_n the_o dispute_n can_v any_o long_o be_v whether_o the_o image_n of_o christ_n or_o the_o saint_n be_v idol_n or_o no_o if_o we_o can_v prove_v that_o divine_a honour_n be_v give_v to_o they_o by_o the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o even_o t._n g._n himself_o say_v 162._o be_v not_o the_o give_v divine_a worship_n to_o a_o creature_n the_o same_o as_o to_o make_v it_o a_o false_a god_n and_o be_v it_o not_o heathen_a idolatry_n to_o worship_v a_o false_a god_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o it_o be_v the_o worship_n make_v any_o thing_n a_o idol_n and_o not_o the_o representation_n of_o a_o imaginary_a be_v 2._o when_o image_n be_v worship_v as_o true_a representation_n of_o the_o divine_a nature_n so_o sanders_n express_o init_fw-la he_o that_o go_v about_o to_o represent_v the_o invisible_a nature_n of_o god_n by_o a_o image_n sin_n grievous_o and_o make_v a_o idol_n and_o he_o that_o propose_v such_o a_o image_n for_o worship_n commit_v idolatry_n but_o such_o a_o image_n be_v no_o representation_n of_o a_o mere_a figment_n of_o man_n brain_n but_o a_o vain_a endeavour_n to_o set_v forth_o the_o most_o perfect_a be_v if_o he_o have_v only_o say_v it_o have_v be_v a_o foolish_a and_o vain_a attempt_n he_o have_v only_o express_v the_o impossibility_n of_o the_o thing_n but_o when_o he_o make_v such_o a_o image_n a_o idol_n when_o it_o be_v propose_v for_o worship_n he_o do_v imply_v that_o a_o imperfect_a representation_n of_o a_o infinite_a nature_n when_o it_o be_v worship_v become_v a_o idol_n this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v avoid_v by_o say_v that_o such_o a_o image_n be_v a_o
never_o have_v life_n in_o they_o but_o that_o which_o have_v life_n and_o sense_n and_o motion_n have_v a_o great_a influence_n from_o that_o divine_a wisdom_n which_o govern_v all_o thing_n therefore_o say_v he_o these_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v look_v on_o as_o inferior_a representation_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o divine_a be_v than_o those_o image_n which_o be_v make_v of_o brass_n or_o stone_n by_o the_o workmanship_n of_o man_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o corruption_n and_o destitute_a of_o all_o sense_n and_o understanding_n whereby_o we_o see_v that_o plutarch_n do_v put_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o wise_a man_n in_o the_o egyptian_a idolatry_n he_o before_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o folly_n of_o the_o people_n that_o worship_v the_o live_a creature_n themselves_o as_o god_n 379._o and_o thereby_o not_o only_o expose_v their_o religion_n to_o the_o scorn_n and_o contempt_n of_o other_o but_o lead_v some_o man_n into_o horrible_a superstition_n and_o tempt_v other_o to_o turn_v atheist_n and_o then_o he_o give_v this_o as_o the_o most_o reasonable_a account_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o these_o animal_n according_a to_o their_o wise_a man_n who_o opinion_n ought_v most_o to_o be_v follow_v in_o religion_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o doctrine_n of_o divine_n have_v obtain_v among_o the_o gross_a idolater_n and_o if_o the_o people_n practice_n be_v excuse_v because_o the_o divine_n teach_v otherwise_o the_o most_o sottish_a egyptian_a idolater_n be_v excusable_a as_o well_o as_o those_o in_o the_o roman_a church_n for_o what_o be_v there_o in_o this_o principle_n of_o worship_n lay_v down_o by_o plutarch_n which_o may_v not_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o avow_a doctrine_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n here_o be_v 1._o a_o right_a ultimate_a object_n of_o worship_n viz._n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o divine_a be_v which_o order_n and_o govern_v all_o thing_n 2._o here_o be_v a_o representation_n of_o that_o object_n by_o the_o perfection_n derive_v from_o that_o be_v to_o a_o creature_n 3._o here_o be_v a_o right_n direct_v the_o intention_n through_o that_o representation_n to_o the_o ultimate_a object_n and_o 4._o the_o formal_a reason_n of_o worship_n be_v the_o derivation_n or_o participation_n of_o that_o perfection_n which_o represent_v god_n from_o the_o divine_a be_v and_o therefore_o this_o be_v no_o sovereign_a worship_n which_o be_v give_v to_o it_o 16._o the_o only_a difficulty_n here_o be_v to_o show_v that_o the_o egyptian_n do_v intend_v to_o worship_v the_o supreme_a god_n by_o either_o sort_n of_o their_o image_n which_o be_v not_o only_o affirm_v by_o plutarch_n who_o say_v they_o understand_v by_o osiris_n the_o wise_a providence_n of_o god_n and_o by_o porphyry_n 9_o who_o say_v the_o egyptian_n by_o the_o several_a animal_n they_o worship_v do_v express_v their_o devotion_n towards_o the_o almighty_a power_n of_o god_n and_o by_o apuleius_n who_o be_v initiate_v in_o the_o egyptian_a mystery_n and_o in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o his_o metamorphosis_n 11._o osiris_n be_v call_v deus_fw-la deum_fw-la magnorum_fw-la potior_fw-la &_o majorum_fw-la summus_fw-la &_o summorum_fw-la maximus_fw-la &_o maximorum_fw-la regnator_fw-la osiris_n which_o be_v description_n of_o no_o less_o than_o the_o supreme_a god_n but_o max._n tyrius_n yield_v at_o last_o that_o the_o egyptian_n do_v worship_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sin_n the_o deity_n by_o the_o worship_n of_o animal_n as_o the_o greek_n do_v by_o the_o statue_n of_o phidias_n and_o there_o be_v a_o considerable_a testimony_n to_o this_o purpose_n in_o vopiscus_n saturnino_n take_v out_o of_o a_o epistle_n of_o the_o emperor_n adrian_n which_o he_o write_v to_o servianus_n from_o egypt_n give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o egyptian_n wherein_o be_v these_o word_n unus_n illis_fw-la deus_fw-la est_fw-la hunc_fw-la christiani_n hunc_fw-la judaei_n hunc_fw-la omnes_fw-la vener_n antur_fw-la &_o gentes_fw-la they_o have_v one_o god_n who_o christian_n and_o jew_n and_o all_o nation_n worship_v is._n casaubon_n suspect_v this_o passage_n but_o without_o any_o reason_n as_o salmasius_n prove_v and_o be_v apparent_a because_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v say_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o same_o epistle_n where_o he_o say_v that_o however_o they_o differ_v in_o other_o point_n yet_o they_o all_o agree_v in_o the_o worship_n of_o sarapis_n by_o who_o phylarchus_n in_o plutarch_n understand_v that_o god_n which_o govern_v the_o world_n 362._o and_o seguinus_n show_v from_o ancient_a coin_n and_o author_n 4._o that_o sarapis_n and_o jupiter_n ammon_n and_o jupiter_n pharius_n and_o jupiter_n rerum_fw-la omnium_fw-la potens_fw-la be_v all_o one_o thence_o the_o inscription_n d.e.o._n i.n.u.i.c.t.o._n 85._o s.e.r.a.p.i._n s.e.r.u.a.t.o.r.i._n d.e.o._n m.a.g.n.o._n s.e.r.a.p.i._n and_o that_o mention_v by_o tristan_n 190._o i.o.m._n s.a.r.a.p.i.d.i._n p.r.o._n s.a.l.u.t.e._n i.m.p._n from_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o suppose_v the_o israelite_n do_v relapse_n to_o the_o egyptian_a idolatry_n it_o do_v not_o from_o thence_o follow_v that_o they_o do_v not_o worship_v the_o true_a god_n by_o a_o image_n 17._o i_o proceed_v now_o to_o the_o two_o calf_n of_o jeroboam_fw-la at_o dan_n and_o bethel_n which_o be_v make_v in_o imitation_n of_o the_o golden_a calf_n must_v stand_v or_o fall_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v already_o concern_v that_o but_o i_o shall_v here_o make_v good_a the_o peculiar_a argument_n to_o ieroboam_n case_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o prove_v that_o he_o do_v intend_v to_o worship_v the_o god_n of_o israel_n by_o the_o calf_n of_o dan_n and_o bethel_n 1._o because_o jeroboam_fw-la manifest_v no_o design_n of_o take_v the_o people_n off_o from_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o true_a god_n but_o only_o from_o the_o worship_v he_o at_o jerusalem_n for_o all_o that_o he_o say_v to_o the_o people_n be_v it_o be_v too_o much_o for_o you_o to_o go_v up_o to_o jerusalem_n 12.28_o behold_v thy_o god_n o_o israel_n which_o bring_v thou_o up_o out_o of_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n if_o ieroboam_n intention_n have_v be_v to_o have_v alter_v their_o religion_n he_o will_v have_v speak_v against_o that_o and_o not_o only_o against_o the_o place_n of_o it_o and_o to_o show_v to_o they_o that_o he_o have_v no_o such_o intention_n he_o continue_v the_o same_o feast_n and_o way_n of_o worship_n which_o be_v at_o jerusalem_n to_o this_o t._n g._n answer_n 164._o that_o jeroboam_n be_v end_n be_v to_o secure_v the_o ten_o tribe_n to_o himself_o and_o the_o likely_a way_n to_o effect_v it_o be_v the_o make_v they_o such_o idol_n as_o their_o father_n have_v worship_v in_o egypt_n and_o the_o wilderness_n and_o yet_o soon_o after_o t._n g._n represent_v he_o as_o a_o great_a politician_n that_o will_v not_o make_v any_o sudden_a change_n 165._o but_o can_v there_o be_v any_o change_n great_a or_o more_o sudden_a than_o to_o change_v the_o true_a god_n for_o molten_n god_n and_o devil_n as_o t._n g._n say_v he_o do_v which_o word_n if_o they_o be_v understand_v in_o t._n g_n sense_n for_o the_o egyptian_a idol_n and_o devil_n in_o they_o be_v as_o great_a a_o change_n as_o can_v be_v make_v in_o religion_n and_o too_o sudden_a to_o be_v make_v by_o such_o a_o politician_n he_o shall_v have_v begin_v the_o alteration_n in_o the_o small_a matter_n if_o he_o intend_v no_o sudden_a change_n and_o first_o have_v gain_v some_o of_o the_o great_a man_n to_o he_o to_o be_v ready_a to_o join_v with_o he_o when_o opportunity_n serve_v with_o hope_n of_o preferment_n and_o place_n at_o court_n when_o these_o be_v secure_v then_o put_v in_o some_o of_o the_o vile_a of_o the_o people_n into_o the_o priesthood_n as_o he_o do_v to_o render_v that_o sacred_a office_n mean_a and_o contemptible_a the_o better_a to_o prepare_v the_o people_n for_o a_o change_n then_o to_o send_v agent_n abroad_o to_o tamper_v with_o the_o most_o active_a among_o they_o to_o allure_v some_o and_o to_o terrify_v other_o according_o to_o their_o several_a disposition_n then_o to_o give_v liberty_n to_o those_o tender_a conscience_n that_o long_v for_o the_o onion_n and_o fleshpot_n and_o bull_n of_o egypt_n and_o when_o he_o have_v by_o degree_n prepare_v a_o considerable_a party_n that_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o adhere_v to_o he_o then_o by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o open_v the_o great_a design_n to_o they_o which_o he_o aim_v at_o all_o this_o while_n but_o it_o be_v too_o great_a a_o change_n for_o such_o a_o politician_n to_o say_v at_o the_o very_a first_o to_o they_o come_v renounce_v the_o god_n of_o israel_n without_o more_o ado_n i_o have_v set_v up_o other_o god_n for_o you_o to_o worship_n and_o i_o command_v you_o all_o
think_v the_o name_n of_o jesus_n equal_a to_o a_o image_n of_o christ._n 16._o i_o be_o now_o come_v to_o his_o last_o instance_n viz._n bow_v towards_o the_o altar_n he_o will_v insinuate_v as_o though_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v for_o give_v some_o kind_n of_o worship_n to_o the_o altar_n 218._o although_o under_o the_o degree_n of_o divine_a worship_n due_a to_o god_n alone_o and_o say_v that_o as_o the_o allow_v this_o will_v render_v i_o a_o true_a son_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n so_o the_o allow_v the_o like_a to_o the_o sacred_a image_n of_o christ_n will_v make_v i_o in_o this_o point_n a_o perfect_a proselyte_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n which_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o say_v that_o the_o church_n of_o england_n in_o allow_v bow_v to_o the_o altar_n do_v give_v the_o very_a same_o worship_n to_o it_o which_o their_o church_n require_v to_o be_v give_v to_o image_n and_o that_o they_o who_o do_v one_o and_o not_o the_o other_o do_v not_o attend_v to_o the_o consequence_n of_o their_o own_o action_n i_o shall_v therefore_o show_v 1._o that_o the_o church_n of_o england_n do_v not_o allow_v any_o worship_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o altar_n 2._o that_o the_o adoration_n allow_v and_o practise_v in_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v of_o a_o very_a different_a nature_n from_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n 1._o that_o the_o church_n of_o england_n do_v not_o allow_v any_o worship_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o altar_n for_o this_o i_o appeal_v to_o that_o canon_n wherein_o be_v contain_v the_o explication_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o our_o church_n in_o this_o particular_a whereas_o the_o church_n be_v the_o house_n of_o god_n dedicate_v to_o his_o holy_a worship_n 7.1640_o and_o therefore_o ought_v to_o mind_n we_o both_o of_o the_o greatness_n and_o goodness_n of_o his_o divine_a majesty_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o acknowledgement_n thereof_o not_o only_o inward_o in_o our_o heart_n but_o also_o outward_o with_o our_o body_n must_v needs_o be_v pious_a in_o itself_o profitable_a unto_o we_o and_o edify_v unto_o other_o we_o therefore_o think_v it_o very_o meet_v and_o behooveful_a and_o hearty_o commend_v it_o to_o all_o good_a and_o well_o affect_v people_n member_n of_o this_o church_n that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o tender_v unto_o the_o lord_n the_o say_a acknowledgement_n by_o do_v reverence_n and_o obeisance_n both_o at_o their_o come_n in_o and_o go_v out_o of_o the_o say_a church_n chancel_v or_o chapel_n according_a to_o the_o most_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n in_o the_o pure_a time_n and_o of_o this_o church_n also_o for_o many_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o q._n elizabeth_n the_o revive_n therefore_o of_o this_o ancient_a and_o laudable_a custom_n we_o hearty_o commend_v to_o the_o serious_a consideration_n of_o all_o good_a people_n not_o with_o any_o intention_n to_o exhibit_v any_o religious_a worship_n to_o the_o communion_n table_n the_o east_n or_o the_o church_n or_o any_o thing_n therein_o contain_v in_o so_o do_v or_o to_o perform_v the_o say_a gesture_n in_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o holy_a eucharist_n upon_o any_o opinion_n of_o the_o corporal_a presence_n of_o the_o body_n of_o jesus_n christ_n on_o the_o holy_a table_n or_o in_o the_o mystical_a element_n but_o only_a for_o the_o advancement_n of_o god_n majesty_n and_o to_o give_v he_o alone_o that_o honour_n and_o glory_n that_o be_v due_a unto_o he_o and_o no_o otherwise_o and_o in_o the_o practice_n or_o omission_n of_o this_o rite_n we_o desire_v that_o the_o rule_n of_o charity_n prescribe_v by_o the_o apostle_n may_v be_v observe_v which_o be_v that_o they_o which_o use_v this_o rite_n despise_v not_o they_o who_o use_v it_o not_o and_o they_o who_o use_v it_o not_o condemn_v not_o those_o that_o use_v it_o this_o be_v the_o full_a declaration_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o our_o church_n about_o it_o make_v by_o those_o who_o meet_v in_o convocation_n and_o be_v most_o zealous_a for_o the_o practice_n of_o it_o 43._o agreeable_o to_o this_o archbishop_n laud_n speak_v when_o this_o be_v charge_v as_o a_o innovation_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v say_v he_o first_o that_o god_n forbid_v that_o we_o shall_v worship_v any_o thing_n but_o god_n himself_o 2._o that_o if_o to_o worship_n god_n when_o we_o enter_v into_o his_o house_n or_o approach_v his_o altar_n be_v a_o innovation_n it_o be_v a_o very_a old_a one_o be_v practise_v by_o jacob_n moses_n hezekiah_n etc._n etc._n 46._o and_o be_v this_o kingdom_n such_o as_o will_v allow_v no_o holy_a table_n stand_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n yet_o i_o will_v worship_v god_n when_o i_o come_v into_o his_o house_n and_o afterward_o he_o call_v it_o do_v reverence_n to_o almighty_a god_n 47._o but_o towards_o his_o altar_n and_o idolatry_n it_o be_v not_o to_o worship_n god_n towards_o his_o holy_a table_n now_o with_o we_o the_o people_n do_v ever_o understand_v they_o full_o and_o apply_v they_o to_o god_n 52._o and_o to_o none_o but_o god_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o god_n be_v look_v on_o as_o the_o sole_a object_n of_o this_o act_n of_o worship_n and_o that_o our_o church_n declare_v that_o it_o allow_v no_o intention_n of_o exhibit_v any_o religious_a worship_n to_o the_o communion_n table_n or_o east_n or_o church_n or_o any_o corporal_a presence_n of_o christ._n 2._o that_o the_o adoration_n allow_v and_o practise_v in_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v of_o a_o very_a different_a nature_n from_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n for_o as_o i_o have_v full_o make_v it_o appear_v in_o the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n the_o church_n of_o rome_n do_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o council_n require_v religious_a worship_n to_o be_v give_v to_o image_n and_o that_o those_o who_o assert_v this_o inferior_a worship_n do_v yet_o declare_v it_o to_o be_v true_o religious_a worship_n and_o that_o the_o image_n themselves_o be_v the_o object_n of_o it_o whereas_o our_o church_n declare_v pointblank_o the_o contrary_a nay_o that_o those_o person_n be_v look_v on_o by_o the_o generality_n of_o divine_n in_o the_o roman_a church_n as_o suspect_v at_o least_o if_o not_o condemn_v of_o heresy_n who_o practise_v all_o the_o external_a act_n of_o adoration_n to_o image_n but_o yet_o do_v not_o in_o their_o mind_n look_v on_o they_o as_o object_n but_o only_o as_o occasion_n of_o worship_n which_o make_v the_o difference_n so_o plain_a in_o these_o two_o case_n that_o t._n g._n himself_o can_v not_o but_o discern_v it_o but_o to_o remove_v all_o scruple_n from_o man_n mind_n that_o suspect_v this_o practice_n to_o be_v too_o near_o the_o idolatrous_a worship_n which_o we_o reject_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n i_o shall_v consider_v it_o not_o only_o as_o to_o its_o object_n which_o be_v the_o main_a thing_n and_o which_o i_o have_v show_v to_o be_v the_o proper_a object_n of_o worship_n viz._n god_n himself_o and_o nothing_o else_o but_o as_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o act_n and_o the_o local_a circumstance_n of_o do_v it_o towards_o the_o altar_n 1._o as_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o act_n so_o it_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v a_o act_n of_o external_a adoration_n of_o god_n which_o i_o shall_v prove_v from_o scripture_n to_o be_v a_o lawful_a and_o proper_a act_n of_o divine_a worship_n i_o may_v prove_v it_o from_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o mankind_n who_o have_v express_v their_o reverence_n to_o the_o deity_n by_o act_n of_o external_a adoration_n from_o whence_o i_o call_v it_o a_o natural_a act_n of_o reverence_n but_o i_o rather_o choose_v to_o do_v it_o from_o scripture_n and_o that_o both_o before_o the_o law_n have_v determine_v so_o punctual_o the_o matter_n of_o divine_a worship_n and_o under_o the_o law_n by_o those_o who_o have_v the_o great_a regard_n to_o it_o and_o under_o the_o gospel_n when_o the_o spiritual_a nature_n of_o its_o doctrine_n will_v seem_v to_o have_v supersede_v such_o external_a act_n of_o worship_n 1._o before_o the_o law_n i_o instance_n in_o abraham_n servant_n because_o abraham_n be_v particular_o commend_v for_o his_o care_n in_o instruct_v his_o household_n to_o keep_v the_o way_n of_o the_o lord_n in_o opposition_n to_o heathen_a idolatry_n 18.19_o and_o this_o be_v the_o chief_a servant_n of_o his_o house_n of_o who_o it_o be_v say_v three_o time_n in_o one_o chapter_n that_o he_o bow_v his_o head_n worship_v the_o lord_n the_o hebrew_a word_n signify_v 52._o and_o he_o incline_v and_o bow_v himself_o to_o the_o lord_n for_o the_o word_n we_o translate_v worship_n do_v proper_o signify_v to_o bow_v and_o both_o the_o jew_n and_o other_o say_v it_o relate_v to_o some_o external_a act_n of_o the_o body_n 225._o whereby_o we_o express_v our_o inward_a reverence_n or_o subjection_n to_o another_o
imprimatur_fw-la g._n jane_n r._n p._n d._n henr._n episc._n lond._n à _fw-la sac_fw-la domesticis_fw-la june_n 3._o 1676._o a_o defence_n of_o the_o discourse_n concern_v the_o idolatry_n practise_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o answer_n to_o a_o book_n entitle_v catholic_n no_o idolater_n by_o ed._n stillingfleet_n d._n d._n chaplain_n in_o ordinary_a to_o his_o majesty_n the_o two_o first_o part_n london_n print_v by_o robert_n white_a for_o henry_n mortlock_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o phoenix_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n and_o at_o the_o white-hart_n in_o westminster-hall_n 1676._o to_o the_o right_n reverend_a father_n in_o god_n henry_n lord_n bishop_n of_o london_n one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n my_o lord_n i_o have_v hear_v that_o in_o some_o famous_a prophetic_a picture_n pretend_v to_o represent_v the_o fate_n of_o england_n the_o chief_a thing_n observable_a in_o several_a of_o they_o be_v a_o mole_n a_o creature_n blind_a and_o busy_a smooth_a and_o deceitful_a continual_o work_v under_o ground_n but_o now_o and_o then_o to_o be_v discern_v by_o the_o disturbance_n it_o make_v in_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v so_o natural_a a_o description_n of_o a_o restless_a party_n among_o we_o that_o we_o need_v no_o judge_n of_o controversy_n to_o interpret_v the_o meaning_n of_o it_o our_o forefather_n have_v sufficient_a testimony_n of_o their_o work_n under_o ground_n but_o in_o our_o age_n they_o act_v more_o visible_o and_o with_o that_o indefatigable_a industry_n that_o they_o threaten_v without_o great_a care_n to_o prevent_v they_o the_o undermine_v of_o our_o church_n and_o the_o ruin_n of_o our_o establish_a religion_n which_o since_o they_o can_v hope_v so_o easy_o to_o compass_v alone_o they_o endeavour_v to_o draw_v in_o to_o their_o assistance_n all_o such_o discontent_a party_n who_o be_v so_o weak_a if_o any_o can_v be_v so_o to_o be_v prevail_v on_o to_o be_v instrument_n to_o serve_v they_o in_o pull_v down_o a_o church_n which_o can_v never_o fall_v but_o they_o must_v be_v stifle_v in_o its_o ruin_n one_o will_v think_v it_o be_v hardly_o possible_a for_o any_o to_o run_v into_o a_o snare_n which_o lie_v so_o open_a to_o their_o view_n or_o to_o flatter_v themselves_o with_o the_o vain_a hope_n of_o escape_v better_a than_o the_o church_n they_o design_v to_o destroy_v but_o such_o be_v the_o admirable_a wisdom_n of_o divine_a providence_n to_o order_n thing_n so_o above_o all_o humane_a discretion_n that_o when_o the_o sin_n of_o a_o nation_n have_v provoke_v god_n to_o forsake_v it_o he_o suffer_v those_o to_o concur_v in_o the_o most_o pernicious_a counsel_n for_o enslave_v conscience_n who_o pretend_v to_o the_o great_a zeal_n for_o the_o liberty_n of_o it_o so_o that_o our_o church_n of_o england_n in_o its_o present_a condition_n seem_v to_o stand_v as_o the_o church_n of_o corinth_n do_v of_o old_a between_o two_o unquiet_a and_o 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with_o the_o church_n of_o england_n that_o be_v a_o blessing_n too_o great_a for_o such_o a_o people_n to_o expect_v who_o sin_n have_v make_v our_o breach_n so_o wide_o that_o we_o have_v too_o great_a reason_n to_o fear_v the_o common_a enemy_n may_v enter_v through_o they_o if_o there_o be_v not_o some_o way_n find_v out_o to_o repair_v those_o breach_n and_o to_o build_v up_o the_o place_n which_o be_v break_v down_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o can_v see_v how_o those_o who_o can_v have_v join_v in_o communion_n with_o the_o christian_a church_n in_o the_o time_n of_o theodosius_n the_o great_a can_v just_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o in_o we_o for_o that_o be_v the_o age_n of_o the_o church_n which_o our_o church_n of_o england_n since_o the_o reformation_n come_v the_o near_a to_o idolatry_n be_v then_o suppress_v by_o the_o imperial_a edict_n the_o church_n settle_v by_o law_n under_o the_o government_n of_o bishop_n public_a liturgy_n appoint_v antiquity_n reverence_v schism_n discountenance_v learn_v encourage_v and_o some_o few_o ceremony_n use_v but_o without_o any_o of_o those_o corrupt_a mixture_n which_o afterward_o prevail_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o whatever_o man_n of_o ill_a mind_n may_v suggest_v to_o the_o disparagement_n of_o those_o time_n it_o be_v real_o a_o honour_n to_o our_o church_n to_o suffer_v together_o with_o that_o age_n when_o the_o christian_a church_n begin_v to_o be_v firm_o settle_v by_o the_o countenance_n of_o the_o civil_a power_n and_o do_v enjoy_v its_o primitive_a purity_n without_o the_o poverty_n and_o hardship_n it_o endure_v before_o and_o the_o bishop_n of_o that_o time_n be_v man_n of_o that_o exemplary_a piety_n of_o those_o great_a ability_n of_o that_o excellent_a conduct_n and_o magnanimity_n as_o set_v they_o above_o the_o contempt_n or_o reproach_n of_o any_o but_o infidel_n and_o apostate_n for_o than_o live_v the_o gregory_n the_o basil_n the_o chrysostoms_n in_o the_o eastern_a church_n the_o ambrose_n and_o augustins_n in_o the_o western_a and_o they_o who_o can_v suspect_v these_o to_o have_v be_v enemy_n to_o the_o power_n of_o godliness_n do_v never_o understand_v what_o it_o mean_v it_o be_v no_o doubt_n the_o most_o desirable_a thing_n in_o our_o state_n and_o condition_n to_o see_v the_o piety_n the_o zeal_n the_o courage_n the_o wisdom_n of_o those_o holy_a bishop_n revive_v among_o we_o in_o such_o a_o age_n which_o need_v the_o conjunction_n of_o all_o these_o together_o for_o such_o be_v the_o insolency_n and_o number_n of_o the_o open_a contemner_n of_o our_o church_n and_o religion_n such_o be_v the_o activity_n of_o those_o who_o oppose_v it_o and_o the_o subtlety_n of_o those_o who_o undermine_v it_o as_o require_v all_o the_o devotion_n and_o ability_n of_o those_o great_a person_n to_o defend_v it_o and_o i_o hope_v that_o divine_a spirit_n which_o inflame_v and_o act_v they_o have_v not_o forsake_v that_o sacred_a order_n among_o we_o but_o that_o it_o will_v daily_o raise_v up_o more_o who_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o convince_v dissenter_n that_o there_o may_v be_v true_a and_o hearty_a zeal_n for_o religion_n among_o our_o prelate_n and_o those_o of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n that_o good_a work_n be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o reformation_n nay_o even_o in_o this_o age_n as_o bad_a as_o it_o be_v there_o may_v be_v as_o great_a instance_n produce_v of_o real_a charity_n and_o of_o work_n of_o public_a and_o pious_a use_n as_o when_o man_n think_v to_o get_v soul_n out_o of_o purgatory_n or_o themselves_o into_o heaven_n by_o what_o they_o do_v and_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a exact_o to_o compare_v all_o act_n of_o this_o nature_n which_o have_v be_v do_v ever_o since_o the_o reformation_n with_o what_o there_o be_v do_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n for_o a_o much_o long_a time_n immediate_o before_o
after_o a_o public_a and_o solemn_a repentance_n but_o that_o this_o prince_n be_v yet_o a_o worshipper_n of_o the_o sun_n appear_v by_o what_o follow_v when_o the_o emperor_n zenâ—_n have_v he_o at_o his_o mercy_n and_o make_v he_o promise_v fidelity_n to_o he_o by_o bow_v of_o himself_o to_o he_o he_o to_o avoid_v the_o reproach_n of_o it_o among_o his_o people_n carry_v himself_o so_o that_o he_o seem_v only_o to_o they_o to_o make_v his_o reverence_n to_o the_o sun_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o his_o country_n 13._o but_o it_o will_v add_v yet_o more_o to_o the_o conviction_n of_o t._n g._n and_o to_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o idolatry_n to_o show_v that_o those_o nation_n which_o be_v at_o this_o day_n charge_v with_o idolatry_n by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v acknowledge_v one_o supreme_a god_n and_o i_o shall_v now_o show_v that_o those_o idolater_n who_o have_v understand_v their_o own_o religion_n have_v go_v upon_o one_o of_o these_o three_o principle_n either_o 1_o that_o god_n have_v commit_v the_o government_n of_o the_o world_n under_o he_o to_o some_o inferior_a deity_n which_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o the_o platonist_n and_o of_o the_o arabian_n and_o persian_n or_o 2._o that_o god_n be_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n and_o therefore_o the_o part_n of_o it_o deserve_v divine_a honour_n which_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o varro_n and_o the_o stoic_n or_o 3._o that_o god_n be_v of_o so_o great_a perfection_n and_o excellency_n that_o he_o be_v above_o our_o service_n and_o therefore_o what_o external_a adoration_n we_o pay_v aught_o to_o be_v to_o something_o below_o he_o which_o i_o shall_v show_v to_o have_v be_v the_o principle_n of_o those_o who_o have_v give_v the_o least_o external_a adoration_n to_o the_o supreme_a god_n these_o thing_n i_o shall_v make_v appear_v by_o give_v a_o brief_a account_n of_o the_o idolatry_n of_o those_o part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o the_o emissary_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v show_v their_o great_a zeal_n in_o endeavour_v to_o convert_v from_o their_o idolatry_n there_o be_v two_o sect_n in_o the_o east-indies_n if_o i_o may_v call_v they_o so_o from_o who_o the_o several_a nation_n which_o inhabit_v there_o have_v receive_v what_o principle_n of_o religion_n they_o have_v and_o those_o be_v the_o brahmin_n and_o the_o chinese_n and_o the_o give_a account_n of_o these_o two_o will_v take_v in_o the_o way_n of_o worship_n that_o be_v general_o know_v among_o they_o for_o the_o brahmin_n i_o shall_v take_v my_o account_n chief_o from_o those_o who_o have_v be_v conversant_a among_o they_o and_o have_v the_o best_a reason_n to_o understand_v their_o religion_n francis_n xaverius_n who_o go_v first_o upon_o that_o commendable_a employment_n of_o convert_v the_o indian_n 11._o say_v that_o the_o brahmin_n tell_v he_o they_o know_v very_o well_o there_o be_v but_o one_o god_n and_o one_o of_o the_o learned_a brahmin_n in_o his_o discourse_n with_o he_o not_o only_o confess_v the_o same_o but_o add_v that_o on_o sunday_n which_o their_o teacher_n keep_v very_o exact_o they_o use_v only_o this_o prayer_n i_o adore_v thou_o o_o god_n with_o thy_o grace_n and_o help_v for_o ever_o tursellinus_n say_v 2.6.9_o that_o he_o confess_v this_o to_o be_v one_o of_o their_o great_a mystery_n that_o there_o be_v one_o god_n maker_n of_o the_o world_n who_o reign_v in_o heaven_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v worship_v by_o man_n and_o so_o do_v jarricus_fw-la bartoli_n not_o only_o relate_v the_o same_o passage_n 31._o but_o give_v this_o account_n of_o their_o theology_n that_o they_o call_v the_o supreme_a god_n parabrama_n which_o in_o their_o language_n signify_v absolute_o perfect_a be_v the_o fountain_n of_o all_o thing_n exist_v from_o himself_o and_o free_a from_o all_o composition_n that_o he_o commit_v to_o brama_n the_o care_n of_o all_o thing_n about_o religion_n to_o wistnow_v another_o of_o his_o son_n the_o care_n of_o man_n right_n and_o relieve_v they_o in_o their_o necessity_n to_o a_o three_o the_o power_n over_o the_o element_n and_o over_o humane_a body_n these_o three_o they_o represent_v by_o a_o image_n with_o three_o head_n rise_v all_o out_o of_o the_o same_o trunk_n these_o be_v high_o esteem_v and_o pray_v to_o for_o they_o suppose_v parabrama_n to_o be_v at_o perfect_a ease_n and_o to_o have_v commit_v the_o care_n of_o all_o to_o they_o but_o the_o brachman_n padmanaba_n give_v a_o more_o particular_a account_n of_o the_o management_n of_o all_o thing_n to_o abraham_n rogers_n who_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o he_o and_o be_v fifteen_o year_n in_o those_o part_n 110._o next_o to_o brama_n they_o make_v one_o dewendre_a to_o be_v the_o superintendent_n deity_n 201._o who_o have_v many_o more_o under_o he_o and_o beside_o these_o they_o have_v particular_a deity_n over_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o the_o persian_n have_v they_o believe_v both_o good_a and_o evil_a spirit_n and_o call_v they_o by_o several_a name_n the_o former_a they_o call_v deütas_n and_o the_o other_o ratsjay_v and_o the_o father_n of_o both_o sort_n to_o be_v brachman_n the_o son_n of_o brama_n in_o particular_a case_n they_o have_v some_o say_v mr._n lord_n who_o converse_v among_o they_o and_o to_o who_o mons._n bernier_n refer_v we_o to_o one_o who_o give_v a_o faithful_a account_n of_o they_o who_o they_o honour_v as_o saint_n and_o make_v their_o address_n to_o 60._o 157._o as_o for_o marriage_n they_o invocate_v hurmount_v for_o health_n vagenaught_n for_o success_n in_o war_n bimohem_n for_o relief_n syer_n etc._n etc._n and_o i_o suppose_v incontinent_a person_n may_v have_v someone_o instead_o of_o s._n mary_n magdalen_n to_o pray_v to_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o daily_a devotion_n as_o the_o brachman_n padmanaba_n say_v be_v first_o to_o meditate_v of_o god_n before_o they_o rise_v 1108._o then_o after_o they_o have_v wash_v themselves_o they_o repeat_v 24_o name_n of_o god_n and_o touch_v 24_o part_n of_o their_o body_n upon_o suâ—_n rise_v they_o say_v prayer_n and_o pour_v down_o water_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o then_o 〈◊〉_d down_o upon_o their_o knee_n and_o worship_n he_o and_o after_o perform_v some_o ceremony_n 〈◊〉_d their_o idol_n which_o they_o repeat_v in_o the_o evening_n the_o particular_a devotion_n which_o theâ—_n have_v to_o their_o saint_n and_o image_n aâ—â—_n relic_n be_v full_o describe_v by_o boullaye-le-gouz_a in_o his_o late_a travel_n into_o those_o part_n mandelslo_n say_v 18._o 204._o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o public_a devotion_n they_o have_v long_a lessâ—â—_n about_o the_o life_n and_o miracle_n of_o the_o saint_n which_o the_o brahmin_n make_v use_v 〈◊〉_d to_o persuade_v the_o people_n to_o worship_v they_o intercessor_n with_o god_n for_o they_o amoâ—â—_n their_o saint_n ram_n be_v in_o very_o great_a estimation_n be_v the_o restorer_n of_o their_o religiâ—â—_n and_o a_o great_a patron_n of_o their_o braman_n kircher_n suppose_v he_o to_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d with_o he_o who_o the_o japonese_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o chinese_n ken_n kian_n 〈◊〉_d kircher_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d kia_n say_v marini_n and_o those_o of_o tunquin_n chiaga_n or_o as_o marini_n thic-ca_a 14._o in_o all_o which_o part_n he_o be_v in_o very_o great_a veneration_n he_o they_o look_v on_o as_o the_o great_a propagator_n of_o their_o religion_n in_o the_o eastern_a part_n 4._o and_o they_o say_v he_o have_v 80000_o disciple_n but_o he_o choose_v ten_o out_o of_o they_o all_o to_o disperse_v his_o opinion_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o brahmin_n have_v spread_v itself_o not_o only_o over_o indosthan_n but_o camboia_n tunquin_n 194._o cochinchina_n nay_o china_n itself_o and_o japan_n too_o where_o it_o be_v a_o usual_a thing_n for_o person_n to_o drown_v burn_v or_o famish_v themselves_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o xaca_n this_o sect_n be_v bring_v into_o china_n 65_o year_n after_o christ_n from_o indosthan_n as_o trigautius_n or_o rather_o matthaeus_n riccius_fw-la tell_v we_o for_o bartoli_n assure_v we_o 55._o that_o trigautius_n only_o publish_v riccius_fw-la he_o paper_n in_o his_o own_o name_n which_o he_o suppose_v be_v bring_v in_o by_o a_o mistake_n for_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o sure_o it_o be_v a_o very_a great_a mistake_n but_o for_o all_o that_o trigautius_n have_v find_v a_o strange_a resemblance_n between_o the_o roman_a religion_n and_o they_o for_o say_v he_o they_o worship_v the_o trinity_n after_o a_o certain_a manner_n with_o a_o image_n have_v three_o head_n and_o one_o body_n they_o extol_v coelibate_v 〈◊〉_d a_o high_a degree_n so_o as_o to_o seem_v to_o condemn_v marriage_n they_o forsake_v their_o family_n and_o go_v up_o and_o down_o beg_v i._n e._n the_o order_n of_o friar_n
to_o their_o god_n but_o they_o have_v temple_n for_o heaven_n and_o earth_n in_o nankin_n and_o pekim_n in_o which_o the_o king_n himself_o offer_v the_o sacrifice_n and_o in_o the_o city_n they_o have_v temple_n for_o tutelar_a spirit_n to_o which_o the_o mandarin_n do_v sacrifice_n as_o to_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o river_n mountain_n and_o four_o part_n of_o the_o world_n etc._n etc._n and_o there_o be_v temple_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o great_a benefactor_n to_o the_o public_a and_o therein_o be_v place_v their_o image_n trigautius_n say_v 10._o that_o he_o find_v in_o their_o ancient_a book_n that_o the_o chineses_n do_v of_o old_a time_n worship_v one_o supreme_a god_n who_o they_o call_v king_n of_o heaven_n or_o by_o another_o name_n heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o beside_o he_o they_o worship_v tutelar_a spirit_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n with_o semedo_n and_o the_o same_o he_o say_v continues_z still_o in_o the_o learned_a sect_n among_o they_o who_o first_o author_n be_v their_o famous_a confutius_n to_o he_o they_o have_v a_o temple_n erect_v in_o every_o city_n with_o his_o image_n or_o his_o name_n in_o golden_a letter_n whither_o all_o the_o magistrate_n every_o new_a or_o full_a moon_n do_v resort_n to_o give_v honour_n to_o confutius_n with_o bowing_n and_o wax-candle_n and_o incense_v the_o same_o they_o do_v on_o his_o birthday_n and_o other_o set_a time_n there_o to_o express_v their_o gratitude_n for_o the_o mighty_a advantage_n they_o have_v have_v by_o his_o doctrine_n but_o they_o make_v no_o prayer_n to_o he_o and_o neither_o seek_v nor_o hope_v for_o any_o thing_n from_o he_o they_o have_v likewise_o temple_n to_o tutelar_a spirit_n for_o every_o city_n and_o tribunal_n where_o they_o make_v oblation_n and_o burn_v perfume_n acknowledge_v these_o to_o have_v power_n to_o reward_v and_o punish_v bartoli_n say_v 73._o it_o be_v not_o out_o of_o any_o contempt_n of_o religion_n but_o out_o of_o reverence_n to_o the_o deity_n because_o of_o the_o excellency_n of_o his_o majesty_n that_o they_o suffer_v none_o but_o the_o king_n to_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o he_o and_o according_o the_o large_a power_n the_o tutelar_a spirit_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v the_o great_a magistrate_n be_v to_o attend_v their_o service_n and_o the_o lesser_a those_o of_o city_n and_o mountain_n and_o river_n but_o that_o which_o be_v more_o material_a to_o our_o present_a business_n be_v to_o consider_v the_o resolution_n of_o a_o case_n of_o conscience_n not_o long_o since_o give_v at_o rome_n by_o the_o congregation_n of_o cardinal_n de_fw-fr propagandâ_fw-la fide_fw-la after_o advise_v with_o and_o the_o full_a consent_n of_o the_o pope_n obtain_v 12_o sept._n 1645._o which_o resolution_n and_o decree_n be_v print_v in_o the_o press_n of_o the_o congregation_n the_o same_o year_n with_o the_o pope_n decree_n annex_v to_o it_o and_o his_o peremptory_a command_n for_o the_o observation_n of_o it_o by_o all_o missionary_n and_o that_o copy_n of_o the_o resolution_n i_o have_v see_v be_v attest_v by_o a_o public_a notary_n to_o agree_v with_o the_o original_a decree_n which_o case_n will_v help_v we_o very_o much_o to_o the_o right_a understanding_n the_o notion_n of_o idolatry_n according_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o case_n be_v this_o the_o missionary_n of_o the_o society_n of_o jesuit_n have_v have_v a_o plentiful_a harvest_n in_o china_n and_o many_o of_o the_o great_a man_n embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n by_o their_o mean_n the_o missionary_n of_o other_o order_n especial_o the_o franciscan_n have_v a_o great_a curiosity_n to_o understand_v the_o art_n which_o the_o jesuit_n use_v in_o prevail_v with_o so_o many_o great_a person_n to_o become_v christian_n and_o upon_o full_a enquiry_n they_o find_v they_o give_v they_o great_a liberty_n as_o to_o the_o five_o precept_n of_o the_o church_n as_o they_o call_v they_o viz._n hear_v mass_n annual_a confession_n receive_v the_o sacrament_n at_o easter_n fast_v at_o the_o solemn_a time_n and_o ten_o and_o first-fruit_n beside_o they_o do_v forbear_v their_o ceremony_n of_o baptism_n their_o oil_n and_o spittle_n in_o the_o ear_n and_o salt_n in_o the_o mouth_n when_o they_o baptize_v woman_n and_o give_v extreme_a unction_n to_o they_o because_o the_o jealousy_n of_o their_o husband_n will_v not_o permit_v they_o to_o use_v they_o but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o to_o our_o purpose_n be_v the_o liberty_n they_o give_v the_o mandarin_n in_o two_o thing_n 1._o to_o go_v to_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o tutelar_a spirit_n in_o every_o city_n as_o they_o be_v bind_v by_o virtue_n of_o their_o office_n to_o do_v twice_o a_o month_n or_o else_o they_o forfeit_v their_o place_n and_o there_o to_o prostrate_v themselves_o before_o the_o idol_n with_o all_o the_o external_a act_n of_o adoration_n that_o other_o use_v and_o swear_v before_o it_o when_o they_o enter_v into_o their_o office_n so_o they_o do_v secret_o convey_v a_o crucifix_n among_o the_o flower_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o altar_n or_o hold_v it_o cunning_o in_o their_o hand_n and_o direct_v all_o their_o adoration_n to_o the_o crucifix_n by_o the_o inward_a intention_n of_o their_o mind_n 2._o to_o go_v to_o the_o temple_n of_o keum-fucu_a or_o confucius_n twice_o a_o year_n and_o to_o perform_v all_o the_o solemnity_n there_o that_o the_o rest_n do_v and_o the_o same_o as_o to_o the_o temple_n of_o their_o ancestor_n which_o be_v erect_v to_o their_o honour_n according_a to_o the_o precept_n of_o confucius_n because_o the_o chineses_n declare_v that_o they_o intend_v only_o to_o give_v the_o same_o reverence_n to_o the_o memory_n of_o their_o ancestor_n which_o they_o will_v do_v to_o themselves_o if_o they_o be_v still_o live_v and_o what_o they_o offer_v to_o they_o be_v nothing_o but_o what_o they_o will_v give_v they_o if_o they_o be_v alive_a without_o any_o intention_n to_o beg_v any_o thing_n from_o they_o when_o they_o know_v they_o to_o be_v dead_a and_o the_o same_o allowance_n they_o give_v as_o to_o the_o image_n of_o their_o ancestor_n about_o which_o many_o ceremony_n be_v use_v by_o they_o the_o missionary_n of_o s._n francis_n order_n be_v well_o inform_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o these_o thing_n from_o the_o philippines_n they_o send_v a_o memorial_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n concern_v they_o who_o by_o his_o ambassador_n represent_v it_o to_o the_o pope_n whereupon_o the_o congregation_n of_o cardinal_n be_v call_v and_o after_o great_a deliberation_n and_o advise_v with_o the_o pope_n about_o it_o they_o make_v their_o decree_n wherein_o they_o by_o several_a resolution_n declare_v it_o unlawful_a upon_o any_o of_o those_o pretence_n to_o use_v act_n in_o themselves_o unlawful_a and_o superstitious_a although_o direct_v by_o their_o intention_n to_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o true_a god_n and_o lest_o any_o shall_v imagine_v it_o be_v only_a matter_n of_o scandal_n which_o they_o stand_v upon_o as_o t._n g._n do_v 92._o about_o worship_v towards_o the_o sun_n they_o make_v use_v of_o several_a expression_n on_o purpose_n to_o exclude_v this_o for_o so_o they_o resolve_v the_o seven_o quere_z nullatenus_fw-la licere_fw-la it_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n lawful_a and_o the_o eight_o nullo_n praetextu_fw-la under_o no_o pretence_n whatsoever_o and_o to_o the_o nine_o express_o that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v salve_v propter_fw-la absentiam_fw-la gentilium_fw-la if_o there_o be_v no_o gentile_n present_v from_o this_o resolution_n we_o may_v observe_v several_a thing_n to_o our_o purpose_n that_o idolatry_n be_v consistent_a with_o the_o belief_n of_o the_o supreme_a god_n and_o reserve_v sovereign_a worship_n as_o due_a only_o to_o he_o for_o the_o congregation_n call_v the_o image_n of_o the_o tutelar_a spirit_n a_o idol_n and_o consequent_o the_o act_n of_o adoration_n must_v be_v idolatry_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o clear_a that_o the_o chinese_n especial_o the_o christian_n do_v never_o intend_v to_o give_v to_o the_o tutelar_a spirit_n the_o honour_n proper_a to_o the_o supreme_a deity_n and_o bartoli_n have_v at_o large_a prove_v 70._o that_o the_o chineses_n do_v of_o old_a acknowledge_v the_o true_a god_n and_o his_o providence_n over_o the_o world_n and_o that_o their_o prince_n do_v worship_v the_o same_o god_n still_o to_o who_o they_o offer_v sacrifice_n and_o they_o call_v he_o by_o two_o name_n scianti_n which_o signify_v supreme_a monarch_n and_o tienciù_fw-fr lord_n of_o heaven_n and_o as_o he_o tell_v we_o they_o put_v a_o apparent_a difference_n between_o tienciù_fw-fr and_o tienscin_n i._n e._n between_o god_n and_o angel_n and_o say_v that_o the_o power_n of_o forgive_a sin_n belong_v only_o to_o god_n and_o not_o to_o they_o that_o upon_o a_o debate_n among_o the_o missionary_n about_o the_o use_n of_o these_o word_n for_o the_o true_a god_n and_o some_o scruple_n raise_v from_o some_o
misinterpretation_n of_o it_o by_o a_o atheistical_a sect_n among_o they_o they_o be_v satisfy_v by_o plain_a and_o perspicuous_a testimony_n out_o of_o their_o book_n that_o they_o can_v mean_v no_o other_o than_o the_o true_a god_n and_o that_o he_o to_o who_o the_o king_n every_o year_n offer_v sacrifice_n be_v a_o pure_a mind_n free_a from_o all_o mixture_n govern_v all_o thing_n and_o therefore_o to_o he_o all_o the_o act_n of_o sovereign_a worship_n be_v perform_v such_o as_o sacrifice_n vow_n prayer_n and_o thanksgiving_n therefore_o the_o worship_n they_o give_v to_o the_o tutelar_a spirit_n or_o guardian_n angel_n as_o they_o suppose_v they_o must_v be_v of_o a_o inferior_a nature_n and_o yet_o the_o congregation_n of_o the_o cardinal_n by_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o pope_n condemn_v this_o for_o idolatry_n that_o give_v a_o inferior_a worship_n on_o the_o account_n of_o create_a excellency_n when_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v religious_a be_v utter_o unlawful_a among_o christian_n for_o this_o be_v the_o only_a imaginable_a reason_n why_o the_o congregation_n do_v so_o absolute_o condemn_v the_o worship_n of_o confutius_n and_o their_o ancestor_n and_o hurtado_n in_o the_o explication_n of_o this_o decree_n 487._o confess_v that_o the_o chineses_n do_v not_o esteem_n confutius_n as_o a_o god_n but_o only_o look_v on_o he_o as_o a_o holy_a and_o virtuous_a philosopher_n yet_o say_v he_o because_o they_o do_v those_o act_n to_o he_o which_o be_v only_o proper_a to_o god_n they_o commit_v manifest_a idolatry_n in_o it_o for_o say_v he_o they_o who_o give_v to_o a_o creature_n the_o worship_n due_a only_o to_o god_n do_v commit_v idolatry_n and_o from_o hence_o the_o gentile_n who_o acknowledge_v one_o god_n be_v idolater_n because_o they_o give_v to_o the_o creature_n the_o honour_n due_a to_o he_o in_o the_o do_n of_o which_o they_o make_v a_o acknowledgement_n of_o divine_a excellency_n in_o the_o thing_n they_o give_v it_o to_o by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v some_o external_a act_n of_o worship_n so_o proper_a to_o god_n that_o although_o a_o man_n have_v never_o so_o clear_a apprehension_n in_o his_o mind_n of_o the_o supreme_a excellency_n of_o god_n above_o the_o creature_n he_o worship_v yet_o the_o give_v that_o worship_n to_o they_o make_v his_o act_n idolatry_n the_o jesuit_n to_o excuse_v these_o thing_n speak_v very_o high_a thing_n of_o confutius_n and_o of_o his_o admirable_a life_n and_o doctrine_n and_o sure_o not_o without_o great_a reason_n if_o their_o relation_n hold_v true_a as_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n to_o suspect_v they_o but_o the_o more_o confutius_n be_v extol_v the_o worse_o they_o make_v their_o own_o case_n for_o all_o these_o act_n of_o external_a worship_n towards_o he_o be_v condemn_v for_o idolatry_n and_o how_o then_o come_v the_o worship_n of_o ignatius_n loyola_n to_o be_v otherwise_o who_o i_o dare_v say_v never_o be_v so_o great_a a_o philosopher_n nor_o do_v so_o much_o good_a in_o the_o world_n as_o the_o jesuit_n say_v confutius_n do_v but_o at_o last_o they_o will_v have_v all_o these_o honour_n to_o confutius_n to_o be_v only_o civil_a honour_n although_o trigautius_n confess_v 151._o that_o he_o have_v a_o temple_n in_o every_o city_n that_o his_o image_n with_o that_o of_o his_o disciple_n be_v set_v up_o in_o it_o that_o these_o disciple_n be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o sort_n of_o divi_z i._n e._n as_o canonize_v saint_n 10._o that_o bear_v they_o make_v use_v of_o all_o the_o rite_n of_o adoration_n genuflection_n wax-candle_n incense_n oblation_n prayer_n only_o except_v but_o we_o see_v notwithstanding_o all_o their_o pretence_n the_o pope_n and_o congregation_n of_o cardinal_n have_v condemn_v they_o as_o guilty_a of_o idolatry_n that_o the_o pope_n and_o congregation_n of_o cardinal_n be_v not_o of_o t._n g_o be_v mind_n that_o act_n do_v certain_o go_v whither_o they_o be_v intend_v for_o all_o these_o act_n of_o worship_n be_v direct_v by_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o person_n to_o the_o secret_a crucifix_n which_o lie_v among_o the_o flower_n upon_o the_o altar_n but_o notwithstanding_o this_o in_o their_o opinion_n be_v a_o fit_a object_n of_o worship_n yet_o other_o circumstance_n do_v so_o much_o alter_v the_o nature_n of_o it_o that_o they_o declare_v these_o act_n to_o be_v in_o themselves_o unlawful_a by_o action_n go_v whither_o they_o be_v intend_v i_o do_v not_o mean_v as_o t._n g._n suggest_v that_o the_o physical_a act_n of_o the_o mind_n do_v not_o pass_v to_o the_o object_n whither_o the_o act_n be_v direct_v i._n e._n that_o i_o do_v not_o think_v of_o that_o which_o i_o do_v think_v of_o but_o my_o meaning_n be_v that_o such_o a_o direct_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o mind_n do_v not_o give_v a_o moral_a denomination_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o action_n viz._n that_o it_o become_v lawful_a or_o unlawful_a by_o virtue_n of_o such_o a_o intention_n of_o the_o mind_n but_o that_o the_o law_n of_o god_n may_v so_o determine_v the_o nature_n of_o our_o act_n of_o worship_n as_o to_o make_v they_o unlawful_a whatever_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v and_o thus_o the_o congregation_n of_o cardinal_n here_o resolve_v the_o case_n the_o person_n use_v only_o those_o act_n of_o adoration_n that_o may_v be_v direct_v to_o god_n by_o a_o secret_a intention_n of_o the_o mind_n they_o suppose_v a_o crucifix_n a_o fit_a object_n for_o divine_a worship_n and_o go_v together_o into_o a_o idolatrous_a temple_n and_o use_v all_o the_o external_a equivocal_a act_n as_o t._n g._n call_v they_o which_o the_o rest_n do_v they_o direct_v their_o act_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o intention_n to_o the_o crucifix_n yet_o although_o the_o congregation_n think_v this_o intention_n right_o direct_v they_o condemn_v the_o act_n as_o in_o themselves_o unlawful_a but_o of_o these_o thing_n hereafter_o the_o first_o observation_n be_v sufficient_a to_o my_o present_a purpose_n viz._n to_o show_v that_o according_a to_o the_o present_a sense_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n the_o practice_n of_o idolatry_n be_v consistent_a with_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o one_o supreme_a god_n from_o the_o idolatry_n of_o the_o east-indies_n 16._o i_o proceed_v to_o that_o of_o the_o tartar_n who_o dominion_n have_v extend_v itself_o over_o that_o vast_a continent_n from_o the_o utmost_a north-east_n part_n to_o the_o border_n of_o europe_n that_o way_n and_o this_o acount_n i_o shall_v give_v from_o the_o least_o suspect_a witness_n in_o this_o matter_n viz._n the_o emissary_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n who_o have_v converse_v most_o among_o they_o and_o make_v it_o their_o design_n to_o understand_v their_o religion_n in_o a._n d._n 1246._o after_o the_o horrible_a devastation_n make_v by_o the_o tartar_n in_o poland_n and_o hungary_n pope_n innocent_a 4._o send_v johannes_n de_fw-fr plano_n carpini_fw-la as_o his_o legate_n or_o nuncio_n to_o they_o 3._o and_o after_o a_o year_n and_o four_o month_n stay_v among_o they_o he_o give_v this_o account_n of_o their_o religion_n unum_fw-la deum_fw-la credunt_fw-la quem_fw-la credunt_fw-la esse_fw-la factorem_fw-la omnium_fw-la visibilium_fw-la &_o invisibilium_fw-la &_o credunt_fw-la eum_fw-la tam_fw-la bonorum_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la mundo_fw-la quam_fw-la poenarum_fw-la esse_fw-la factorem_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la orationibus_fw-la vel_fw-la laudibus_fw-la aut_fw-la ritu_fw-la aliquo_fw-la ipsum_fw-la colunt_fw-la they_o believe_v one_o god_n who_o they_o believe_v to_o be_v the_o maker_n of_o all_o thing_n visible_a and_o invisible_a and_o to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o all_o worldly_a good_n and_o punishment_n and_o yet_o he_o say_v they_o have_v no_o manner_n of_o worhip_n of_o he_o but_o their_o worship_n they_o give_v to_o image_n which_o he_o there_o at_o large_a decribe_n but_o there_o be_v a_o inferior_a deity_n who_o he_o call_v itoga_n paulus_n venetus_n natagay_n which_o they_o believe_v to_o be_v the_o god_n of_o the_o earth_n 47._o and_o he_o they_o worship_v with_o great_a superstition_n and_o beside_o they_o worship_v the_o sun_n moon_n and_o fire_n and_o make_v oblation_n to_o the_o image_n of_o their_o first_o emperor_n and_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v affirm_v by_o vincentius_n bellovacensis_n 74._o after_o he_o lewis_z the_o nine_o of_o france_n send_v william_n de_fw-fr rubruquis_fw-la a_o franciscan_a a._n d._n 1253._o who_o pass_v through_o the_o several_a court_n of_o the_o tartarian_a prince_n and_o give_v a_o exact_a account_n to_o his_o prince_n of_o the_o religion_n he_o find_v among_o they_o in_o the_o conference_n he_o have_v with_o mangu-chan_n who_o be_v then_o emperor_n about_o religion_n the_o emperor_n tell_v he_o 43._o we_o mole_n which_o be_v the_o name_n they_o call_v themselves_o by_o that_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o tribe_n from_o whence_o jingiz-chan_a come_v the_o tartar_n be_v another_o tribe_n but_o better_o know_v to_o the_o european_n we_o say_v he_o believe_v that_o
partake_v of_o the_o eucharist_n into_o the_o missa_fw-la catechumenorum_fw-la whereas_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v present_a at_o no_o prayer_n of_o the_o church_n but_o only_o that_o which_o be_v make_v for_o they_o and_o cardinal_n bona_n can_v inform_v he_o 16._o that_o the_o catechuman_n be_v not_o allow_v to_o join_v so_o much_o as_o in_o the_o lord_n prayer_n nor_o in_o any_o solemn_a invocation_n of_o god_n in_o behalf_n of_o other_o as_o he_o prove_v from_o s._n chrysostom_n and_o other_o antioch_n 2._o that_o the_o prayer_n that_o be_v make_v after_o the_o dismission_n of_o the_o catechuman_n be_v say_v at_o the_o altar_n for_o which_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o in_o s._n augustine_n time_n the_o custom_n of_o communicate_v every_o day_n be_v still_o observe_v in_o the_o african_a church_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o his_o own_o express_a testimony_n where_o he_o say_v that_o some_o understand_v our_o daily_a bread_n of_o the_o sacrament_n of_o christ_n body_n quod_fw-la quotidie_fw-la sumimus_fw-la 12._o which_o we_o receive_v every_o day_n and_o find_v fault_n with_o those_o in_o the_o greek_a church_n who_o have_v begin_v to_o discontinue_v that_o custom_n accipe_fw-la quotidie_fw-la say_v he_o quod_fw-la quotidie_fw-la tibi_fw-la profit_n 28._o so_o that_o assoon_o as_o the_o catechuman_n be_v dismiss_v they_o immediate_o begin_v the_o communion_n service_n which_o be_v all_o the_o service_n i_o can_v find_v in_o the_o use_n of_o that_o church_n in_o those_o time_n nay_o the_o very_a prayer_n for_o the_o catechuman_n be_v say_v at_o the_o altar_n in_o the_o african_a church_n which_o in_o the_o greek_a church_n be_v indict_v by_o the_o deacon_n in_o the_o ambo._fw-la or_o piew_v for_o that_o purpose_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o church_n et_fw-la quando_fw-la audis_fw-la sacerdotem_fw-la dei_fw-la ad_fw-la altar_n exhortantem_fw-la populum_fw-la dei_fw-la orare_fw-la pro_fw-la incredulis_fw-la 107._o ut_fw-la eos_fw-la deus_fw-la convertat_fw-la ad_fw-la fidem_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la catechumenis_fw-la menis_fw-la ut_fw-la eye_n desiderium_fw-la regenerationis_fw-la inspiret_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la fidelibus_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la quod_fw-la esse_fw-la coeperunt_fw-la ejus_fw-la munere_fw-la perseverent_fw-la where_o we_o see_v the_o prayer_n for_o the_o catechuman_n as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o prayer_n of_o the_o church_n be_v perform_v at_o the_o altar_n and_o it_o appear_v by_o a_o passage_n in_o his_o retractation_n 11._o that_o the_o very_a hymn_n out_o of_o the_o psalm_n which_o be_v sing_v either_o before_o the_o oblation_n or_o in_o time_n of_o distribution_n be_v sing_v at_o the_o altar_n which_o custom_n be_v find_v fault_n with_o at_o carthage_n by_o one_o hilarius_n it_o give_v he_o a_o occasion_n to_o write_v in_o vindication_n of_o it_o and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o reduce_v all_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o church_n to_o the_o communion_n service_n and_o interpret_v the_o apostle_n word_n of_o prayer_n supplication_n 59_o intercession_n and_o give_v of_o thanks_o of_o what_o be_v do_v at_o the_o celebration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n and_o that_o which_o very_o much_o confirm_v this_o be_v that_o when_o the_o african_a father_n make_v a_o decree_n that_o no_o prayer_n shall_v be_v use_v in_o the_o public_a service_n 106._o but_o such_o as_o be_v first_o see_v and_o approve_v the_o title_n of_o it_o be_v of_o prayer_n to_o be_v make_v at_o the_o altar_n and_o the_o african_a writer_n make_v pray_v and_o go_v to_o the_o altar_n to_o have_v the_o same_o sense_n 11._o so_o tertullian_n call_v it_o ascendere_fw-la ad_fw-la altar_n and_o ad_fw-la aram_fw-la dei_fw-la stare_n and_o orationem_fw-la deducere_fw-la ad_fw-la altar_n all_o which_o put_v together_o make_v it_o very_o clear_a that_o if_o there_o be_v no_o invocation_n of_o saint_n at_o the_o altar_n in_o s._n augustine_n time_n there_o be_v none_o at_o all_o in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o church_n which_o i_o have_v the_o more_o insist_v upon_o because_o it_o be_v so_o pregnant_a a_o testimony_n against_o invocation_n of_o saint_n and_o the_o force_n of_o it_o have_v not_o be_v full_o understand_v by_o any_o i_o have_v see_v from_o the_o not_o consider_v the_o liturgy_n of_o the_o church_n in_o s._n augustine_n time_n which_o man_n have_v fancy_v to_o have_v be_v according_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o follow_v age_n when_o the_o lay_v aside_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n make_v a_o great_a alteration_n in_o the_o public_a office_n as_o might_n be_v easy_o discover_v be_v this_o a_o proper_a place_n for_o it_o both_o in_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a church_n but_o that_o be_v not_o my_o present_a business_n but_o this_o aught_o far_o to_o be_v consider_v the_o most_o proper_a season_n for_o invocation_n of_o saint_n be_v at_o the_o altar_n for_o then_o the_o commemoration_n of_o saint_n be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o diptych_n of_o the_o church_n as_o appear_v by_o multitude_n of_o place_n in_o s._n austin_n and_o the_o martyr_n be_v then_o put_v in_o a_o rank_n by_o themselves_o and_o whereas_o they_o pray_v for_o all_o other_o they_o do_v not_o for_o they_o but_o they_o rather_o believe_v they_o receive_v benefit_n by_o their_o prayer_n for_o they_o for_o say_v s._n austin_n 84._o we_o do_v not_o commemorate_v the_o martyr_n at_o the_o holy_a table_n as_o we_o do_v other_o who_o rest_n in_o peace_n so_o as_o to_o pray_v for_o they_o but_o rather_o that_o they_o may_v pray_v for_o we_o and_o this_o be_v all_o the_o office_n of_o the_o church_n then_o towards_o martyr_n viz._n commemoration_n of_o they_o at_o the_o altar_n although_o s._n austin_n believe_v that_o the_o martyr_n at_o such_o time_n especial_o when_o the_o commemoration_n be_v make_v at_o their_o own_o sepulcher_n do_v join_v their_o prayer_n together_o with_o the_o church_n in_o behalf_n of_o those_o who_o there_o put_v up_o their_o supplication_n to_o god_n and_o not_o to_o they_o and_o this_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o that_o place_n which_o t._n g._n object_n to_o prove_v invocation_n viz._n that_o when_o christian_n be_v meet_v at_o the_o religious_a solemnity_n at_o their_o sepulcher_n they_o become_v partaker_n of_o their_o merit_n and_o obtain_v help_n by_o their_o prayer_n yet_o he_o wonder_v i_o can_v not_o find_v invocation_n here_o and_o imagine_v i_o shut_v my_o eye_n again_o but_o sure_o t._n g._n fancy_n i_o play_v at_o blindmansbuff_n with_o he_o for_o he_o think_v i_o never_o have_v my_o eye_n open_a i_o shall_v now_o come_v to_o examine_v the_o distinction_n of_o a_o absolute_a and_o relative_a latria_n but_o of_o that_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v so_o large_o in_o the_o follow_a dispute_n about_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n that_o i_o here_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o general_a discourse_n the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o answer_n to_o t._n g._n be_v a_o defence_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o idolatry_n practise_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n by_o ed._n stillingfleet_n d.d._n chaplain_n in_o ordinary_a to_o his_o majesty_n london_n print_v by_o robert_n white_a for_o henry_n mortlock_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o phoenix_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n and_o at_o the_o white-hart_n in_o westminster-hall_n 1676._o part_n ii_o be_v a_o particular_a defence_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o idolatry_n against_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n chap._n i._n the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n about_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n between_o christian_n and_o heathen_n have_v in_o the_o precedent_n discourse_v give_v a_o general_a account_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o idolatry_n 1._o i_o now_o come_v to_o the_o particular_n in_o dispute_n between_o we_o the_o first_o whereof_o be_v concern_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n in_o which_o nothing_o be_v more_o necessary_a than_o to_o give_v a_o true_a account_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n which_o that_o i_o may_v do_v with_o the_o great_a clearness_n 1._o i_o shall_v consider_v wherein_o the_o state_n of_o this_o controversy_n lay_v as_o it_o be_v manage_v between_o the_o christian_n and_o heathen_n 2._o i_o shall_v give_v a_o just_a account_n of_o the_o rise_v and_o progress_n of_o this_o controversy_n in_o the_o christian_a church_n and_o when_o by_o this_o mean_n the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n be_v well_o understand_v the_o difficulty_n will_v not_o be_v great_a in_o give_v answer_n to_o all_o the_o sophistical_a cavil_n of_o t._n g._n 1._o for_o the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n about_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n between_o the_o christian_n and_o heathen_n to_o this_o purpose_n i_o have_v use_v these_o expression_n in_o my_o former_a discourse_n 7._o that_o s._n paul_n deal_v with_o the_o athenian_n do_v prove_v the_o unreasonableness_n of_o their_o worship_a god_n by_o image_n because_o he_o be_v the_o god_n that_o make_v the_o world_n 29._o and_o be_v
avoid_v be_v mistake_v in_o what_o in_o think_v they_o do_v not_o worship_v image_n after_o as_o well_o as_o before_o their_o conversion_n no_o but_o in_o suppose_v that_o they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o same_o image_n afterward_o which_o they_o do_v before_o and_o what_o if_o they_o do_v what_o harm_n be_v there_o in_o it_o on_o t._n g_n principle_n suppose_v the_o intention_n be_v direct_v aright_o nay_o t._n g._n after_o all_o his_o clamour_n yield_v the_o thing_n for_o say_v he_o st._n gregory_n turn_v the_o pagan_a festival_n into_o christian_a assembly_n 72._o and_o heathen_a temple_n to_o christian_a church_n without_o ever_o pull_v they_o down_o to_o build_v they_o up_o again_o and_o suppose_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n lawful_a why_o not_o those_o to_o be_v use_v as_o well_o as_o temple_n and_o yet_o i_o no_o where_o say_v that_o they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o very_a same_o but_o they_o melt_v they_o down_o and_o make_v new_a one_o of_o they_o which_o be_v plain_o to_o say_v that_o though_o they_o do_v not_o allow_v those_o particular_a image_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o condemn_v the_o use_n of_o image_n for_o divine_a worship_n but_o of_o the_o material_n of_o the_o former_a image_n they_o make_v new_a one_o to_o be_v use_v by_o they_o as_o christian_n after_o that_o manner_n of_o worship_n which_o the_o jesuit_n deliver_v to_o they_o which_o be_v all_o that_o be_v necessary_a to_o my_o purpose_n and_o now_o i_o leave_v the_o reader_n to_o judge_n whether_o in_o all_o this_o charge_n about_o these_o citation_n t._n g._n have_v not_o show_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o man_n of_o admirable_a ingenuity_n and_o whether_o he_o be_v not_o well_o accomplish_v in_o the_o most_o laudable_a virtue_n of_o a_o writer_n of_o controversy_n viz._n sincerity_n and_o fair_a deal_n chap._n ii_o the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n about_o image_n in_o the_o christian_a church_n have_v thus_o far_o endeavour_v to_o state_n the_o dispute_n about_o image-worship_n 1._o as_o it_o be_v manage_v between_o christian_n and_o heathen_n i_o now_o come_v to_o the_o rise_n and_o progress_n of_o this_o controversy_n in_o the_o christian_a church_n wherein_o i_o shall_v proceed_v according_a to_o these_o follow_a period_n 1._o when_o image_n be_v not_o use_v or_o allow_v in_o the_o christian_a church_n 2._o when_o they_o be_v use_v but_o no_o worship_n allow_v to_o be_v give_v to_o they_o 3._o when_o inferior_a worship_n be_v give_v to_o they_o and_o that_o worship_n public_o defend_v 4._o when_o the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o image-worship_n be_v settle_v upon_o the_o principle_n allow_v and_o defend_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o show_v wherein_o lie_v the_o main_a point_n of_o difference_n between_o we_o and_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n as_o to_o this_o controversy_n about_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n 1._o as_o to_o the_o first_o period_n i_o have_v say_v in_o my_o former_a discourse_n that_o the_o primitive_a christian_n be_v declare_v enemy_n to_o all_o worship_n of_o god_n by_o image_n but_o i_o need_v the_o less_o to_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v it_o now_o since_o it_o be_v at_o last_o confess_v by_o one_o of_o the_o most_o learned_a jesuit_n they_o ever_o have_v that_o for_o the_o four_o first_o century_n and_o far_o there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o use_n of_o image_n in_o the_o temple_n 8._o or_o oratory_n of_o christian_n but_o we_o need_v not_o their_o favour_n in_o so_o plain_a a_o cause_n as_o this_o as_o shall_v be_v evident_o prove_v if_o occasion_n be_v far_o give_v this_o t._n g._n have_v no_o mind_n to_o 171._o and_o therefore_o say_v not_o to_o dispute_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n of_o which_o he_o confess_v there_o be_v some_o little_a use_n much_o as_o if_o i_o shall_v say_v that_o t._n g._n have_v show_v little_a or_o no_o ingenuity_n in_o his_o book_n and_o he_o to_o his_o great_a comfort_n shall_v infer_v there_o be_v some_o little_a ingenuity_n in_o it_o but_o petavius_n his_o word_n be_v supprimi_fw-la omittique_n satius_fw-la visum_fw-la est_fw-la it_o be_v think_v better_a to_o suppress_v they_o and_o let_v they_o alone_o be_v it_o all_o one_o in_o t._n g_n sense_n to_o use_v they_o and_o to_o omit_v the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o for_o the_o little_a reason_n he_o say_v he_o have_v to_o doubt_v my_o sincerity_n in_o relate_v petavius_n his_o word_n from_o what_o i_o do_v with_o trigautius_n in_o truth_n there_o be_v as_o little_a as_o may_v be_v but_o i_o have_v great_a reason_n to_o believe_v from_o his_o usage_n of_o i_o about_o other_o citation_n that_o if_o he_o can_v have_v find_v any_o word_n before_o or_o after_o that_o he_o can_v have_v interpret_v to_o another_o sense_n he_o will_v have_v make_v little_a or_o no_o conscience_n of_o say_v those_o be_v the_o word_n i_o translate_v thus_o and_o thus_o but_o instead_o of_o debate_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n as_o to_o the_o primitive_a church_n he_o say_v he_o will_v give_v i_o the_o answer_n of_o mr._n thorndike_n that_o at_o that_o time_n there_o may_v be_v jealousy_n of_o offence_n in_o have_v image_n in_o church_n before_o idolatry_n be_v quite_o root_v out_o of_o which_o afterward_o there_o may_v be_v no_o appearance_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v afterward_o admit_v all_o over_o for_o it_o be_v manifest_a the_o church_n be_v tie_v no_o far_o than_o there_o can_v appear_v danger_n of_o idolatry_n this_o he_o call_v mr._n thorndikes_n answer_n but_o it_o be_v true_o the_o answer_n of_o petavius_n from_o who_o word_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v translate_v dum_fw-la periculum_fw-la erat_fw-la say_v petavius_n ne_fw-la offensionis_fw-la aliquid_fw-la traheret_fw-la externa_fw-la quorundam_fw-la rituum_fw-la species_n cum_fw-la iis_fw-la que_fw-la ab_fw-la ethnicis_fw-la celebrabantur_fw-la similitudine_fw-la ipsa_fw-la congruens_fw-la etc._n etc._n therefore_o i_o shall_v consider_v it_o as_o the_o answer_n of_o petavius_n and_o here_o examine_v whether_o this_o be_v the_o ground_n on_o which_o the_o primitive_a church_n do_v forbear_v the_o use_n and_o worship_n of_o image_n i_o shall_v prove_v that_o it_o be_v not_o from_o these_o two_o argument_n 1._o because_o the_o reason_n give_v by_o they_o against_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n will_v equal_o hold_v against_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n among_o christian_n 2._o because_o the_o notion_n of_o idolatry_n which_o they_o charge_v the_o heathen_n with_o may_v be_v common_a to_o christian_n with_o they_o 1._o this_o suppose_v the_o primitive_a christian_n to_o look_v on_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n as_o in_o itself_o indifferent_a and_o to_o be_v make_v good_a or_o evil_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o object_n represent_v by_o they_o which_o be_v a_o supposition_n as_o remote_a from_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n as_o any_o thing_n we_o can_v easy_o imagine_v for_o then_o all_o the_o argument_n use_v by_o they_o against_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n must_v have_v be_v deduce_v only_o from_o the_o object_n represent_v or_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o worship_n give_v to_o they_o whereas_o they_o frequent_o argue_v from_o the_o unsuitableness_n of_o image_n as_o a_o mean_n of_o worship_n and_o the_o prohibition_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n will_v any_o man_n of_o common_a sense_n that_o have_v think_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n in_o itself_o indifferent_a have_v say_v as_o origen_n do_v 375._o that_o the_o christian_n as_o well_o as_o the_o jew_n abstain_v from_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n which_o require_v rather_o that_o we_o shall_v die_v than_o defile_v ourselves_o with_o such_o impiety_n yes_o it_o may_v be_v say_v this_o be_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o law_n of_o god_n do_v forbid_v the_o worship_n of_o the_o heathen_a image_n but_o they_o who_o make_v this_o answer_n never_o look_v into_o origen_n or_o have_v forget_v what_o they_o read_v there_o for_o origen_n do_v not_o there_o give_v a_o account_n why_o the_o christian_n do_v not_o comply_v with_o the_o heathen_a idolatry_n but_o why_o the_o christian_n have_v no_o image_n in_o their_o own_o worship_n for_o celsus_n charge_v this_o upon_o the_o christian_n that_o they_o think_v it_o such_o a_o mighty_a matter_n that_o they_o have_v no_o image_n whereas_o herein_o say_v he_o they_o be_v but_o like_o the_o barbarous_a scythian_n numidian_n and_o seres_n and_o other_o nation_n that_o have_v neither_o religion_n nor_o civility_n to_o this_o origen_n answer_v that_o we_o be_v not_o only_o to_o look_v at_o the_o bare_a action_n but_o at_o the_o reason_n and_o ground_n of_o it_o for_o those_o that_o agree_v in_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v yet_o have_v very_o different_a principle_n and_o they_o that_o do_v it_o on_o a_o good_a principle_n do_v well_o and_o not_o otherwise_o as_o for_o instance_n the_o
although_o this_o image_n be_v believe_v to_o represent_v christ_n after_o his_o incarnation_n what_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o such_o a_o author_n who_o not_o only_o omit_v so_o considerable_a a_o passage_n but_o put_v in_o word_n of_o his_o own_o direct_o contrary_a to_o his_o meaning_n the_o author_n of_o the_o caroline_n book_n say_v that_o allow_v this_o story_n to_o be_v true_a which_o by_o compare_v the_o relation_n of_o asterius_n in_o photius_n with_o what_o eusebius_n sozomen_n and_o the_o rest_n say_v 271._o there_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o reason_n to_o suspect_v yet_o it_o signify_v nothing_o to_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n such_o a_o statue_n be_v erect_v by_o a_o weak_a ignorant_a woman_n to_o express_v her_o gratitude_n after_o the_o best_a fashion_n among_o the_o gentile_n and_o what_o do_v this_o signify_v to_o the_o church_n of_o god_n and_o suppose_v the_o miraculous_a cure_n to_o be_v wrought_v by_o the_o herb_n that_o grow_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o statue_n yet_o that_o do_v not_o prove_v any_o worship_n of_o image_n but_o that_o man_n ought_v to_o leave_v their_o former_a idol_n and_o embrace_v the_o true_a faith_n for_o say_v he_o according_a to_o the_o apostle_n sign_n be_v not_o for_o believer_n but_o for_o unbeliever_n but_o if_o we_o allow_v the_o story_n as_o it_o be_v report_v by_o sozomen_n 21._o that_o the_o christian_n gather_v up_o the_o break_a fragment_n of_o the_o statue_n and_o lay_v they_o up_o in_o the_o church_n i_o grant_v it_o prove_v that_o those_o christian_n do_v not_o abhor_v the_o use_n of_o image_n although_o there_o be_v no_o proof_n of_o any_o worship_n they_o give_v to_o they_o and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v as_o much_o as_o petavius_n think_v can_v be_v make_v of_o this_o story_n 5._o but_o baronius_n be_v not_o content_a with_o the_o syrophoenician_n woman_n example_n in_o this_o matter_n of_o image_n but_o he_o produce_v the_o apostle_n council_n at_o antioch_n 111._o and_o a_o venerable_a decree_n make_v by_o they_o there_o which_o command_v christian_n to_o make_v image_n of_o christ_n instead_o of_o heathen_a idol_n but_o our_o comfort_n be_v that_o petavius_n discard_n this_o as_o a_o mere_a forgery_n 4._o as_o most_o of_o the_o thing_n of_o the_o latter_a greek_n he_o say_v be_v and_o yet_o baronius_n say_v this_o canon_n be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o the_o second_o nicene_n council_n which_o show_v what_o excellent_a authority_n that_o council_n rely_v upon_o nicolas_n de_fw-fr clemangis_n be_v so_o far_o from_o think_v there_o be_v any_o apostolical_a decree_n in_o this_o matter_n 151._o that_o he_o say_v the_o universal_a church_n do_v decree_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o gentile_a convert_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o image_n at_o all_o in_o church_n which_o decree_n he_o say_v be_v afterward_o repeal_v i_o will_v he_o have_v tell_v we_o by_o what_o authority_n and_o why_o other_o commandment_n and_o decree_n may_v not_o be_v repeal_v as_o well_o as_o that_o the_o first_o authentic_a testimony_n of_o any_o thing_n like_o image_n among_o christian_n be_v that_o of_o the_o paint_a chalice_n in_o tertullian_n 10._o wherein_o christ_n be_v represent_v under_o the_o emblem_n of_o a_o shepherd_n with_o a_o sheep_n on_o his_o back_n as_o it_o be_v very_o usual_a among_o the_o roman_n to_o have_v emblematical_a figure_n on_o their_o cup_n but_o be_v ever_o any_o man_n so_o weak_a among_o they_o not_o to_o distinguish_v between_o the_o ornament_n of_o their_o cup_n and_o glass_n and_o their_o sacred_a image_n how_o ridiculous_a will_v that_o man_n have_v be_v that_o shall_v have_v prove_v at_o that_o time_n that_o christian_n worship_v image_n because_o they_o make_v use_v of_o paint_a glass_n if_o this_o signify_v any_o thing_n why_o do_v they_o quarrel_v with_o we_o that_o have_v paint_v glass_n window_n in_o our_o church_n all_o that_o can_v be_v infer_v from_o hence_o be_v that_o the_o church_n at_o that_o time_n do_v not_o think_v emblematical_a figure_n unlawful_a ornament_n of_o cup_n or_o chalice_n and_o do_v we_o think_v otherwise_o this_o i_o confess_v do_v sufficient_o prove_v that_o the_o roman_a church_n do_v think_v ornamental_a image_n lawful_a but_o it_o do_v no_o more_o prove_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n than_o the_o very_a same_o emblem_n often_o use_v before_o protestant_a book_n do_v prove_v that_o those_o book_n be_v worship_v by_o we_o i_o can_v find_v any_o thing_n more_o that_o look_v like_o any_o evidence_n for_o image_n for_o the_o first_o three_o hundred_o year_n afterward_o there_o begin_v to_o be_v some_o appearance_n of_o some_o in_o some_o place_n but_o they_o meet_v with_o different_a entertainment_n according_a to_o the_o several_a apprehension_n of_o man_n for_o although_o the_o whole_a christian_a church_n agree_v in_o refuse_v to_o worship_n image_n yet_o they_o be_v of_o several_a opinion_n as_o to_o the_o use_v of_o they_o some_o follow_v the_o strict_a opinion_n of_o tertullian_n clemens_n alexandrinus_n and_o origen_n who_o think_v the_o very_a make_n of_o image_n unlawful_a other_o think_v it_o not_o unlawful_a to_o make_v they_o but_o to_o use_v they_o in_o church_n as_o the_o eliberitan_n bishop_n and_o epiphanius_n other_o think_v it_o not_o unlawful_a to_o have_v image_n there_o provide_v no_o worship_n be_v give_v to_o they_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o bring_v s._n hierom_n saucomariae_n for_o any_o other_o purpose_n 4._o than_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o apostle_n image_n be_v then_o see_v upon_o their_o common_a drink_v cup_n of_o which_o he_o speak_v as_o any_o one_o may_v easy_o see_v that_o read_v the_o passage_n and_o the_o sport_n he_o make_v with_o canthelius_n about_o it_o which_o will_v prove_v as_o much_o towards_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n as_o have_v the_o apostle_n picture_n on_o a_o pack_n of_o card_n will_v do_v whatever_o the_o custom_n be_v in_o tertullia_n time_n if_o at_o least_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o sacred_a chalice_n we_o be_v sure_a in_o s._n augustine_n time_n there_o be_v no_o image_n of_o mankind_n on_o the_o sacred_a vessel_n 113._o for_o although_o these_o say_v he_o be_v consecrate_v to_o a_o sacred_a use_n and_o be_v the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n yet_o they_o have_v not_o a_o mouth_n and_o speak_v not_o nor_o eye_n and_o see_v not_o as_o the_o heathen_a image_n have_v and_o afterward_o say_v that_o the_o humane_a figure_n do_v more_o to_o deceive_v mankind_n as_o to_o their_o worship_n than_o the_o want_n of_o sense_n do_v to_o correct_v their_o error_n and_o the_o great_a cause_n of_o the_o madness_n of_o idolatry_n be_v that_o the_o likeness_n to_o a_o live_a be_v prevail_v more_o on_o the_o affection_n of_o miserable_a man_n to_o worship_v they_o than_o their_o knowledge_n that_o they_o be_v not_o live_v do_v to_o the_o contempt_n of_o they_o be_v it_o possible_a such_o a_o man_n as_o s._n austin_n be_v can_v use_v such_o expression_n as_o these_o if_o in_o his_o time_n there_o have_v be_v any_o image_n then_o use_v or_o worship_v in_o christian_a church_n what_o need_v he_o have_v so_o much_o as_o mention_v the_o sacred_a utensil_n if_o there_o have_v be_v sacred_a image_n and_o how_o can_v he_o have_v urge_v those_o thing_n against_o heathen_a image_n which_o will_v altogether_o have_v hold_v as_o well_o against_o christian_a for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o heathen_n he_o dispute_v against_o so_o much_o as_o the_o proneness_n of_o man_n to_o be_v seduce_v to_o worship_v such_o representation_n which_o they_o find_v to_o be_v like_o themselves_o to_o this_o bellarmin_n answer_v 9_o that_o s._n augustin_n do_v not_o say_v there_o be_v no_o image_n in_o church_n but_o only_o that_o the_o humane_a shape_n of_o image_n do_v tend_v much_o to_o increase_v their_o error_n who_o worship_v they_o for_o go_n but_o will_v any_o man_n of_o common_a sense_n have_v use_v those_o argument_n against_o image_n which_o do_v not_o suppose_v they_o already_o worship_v for_o god_n but_o imply_v the_o danger_n of_o be_v seduce_v to_o that_o worship_n where_o ever_o they_o be_v in_o case_n there_o be_v such_o image_n in_o christian_a church_n the_o worship_n s._n augustin_n speak_v against_o be_v adore_v or_o pray_v look_v on_o a_o image_n quis_fw-la autem_fw-la ador_n at_o vel_fw-la orat_fw-la intuens_fw-la simulachrum_fw-la which_o whosoever_o do_v say_v he_o be_v so_o affect_v as_o to_o think_v he_o be_v hear_v by_o that_o he_o pray_v before_o and_o may_v receive_v help_n by_o it_o and_o yet_o these_o person_n s._n augustin_n dispute_v against_o declare_v that_o they_o do_v not_o worship_v their_o image_n for_o god_n but_o only_o as_o the_o sign_n or_o representation_n of_o that_o be_v which_o they_o worship_v which_o s._n augustin_n show_v to_o be_v a_o most_o unlikely_a thing_n because_o the_o manner_n of_o address_n
excite_v by_o the_o image_n of_o christ_n or_o the_o saint_n so_o may_v devotion_n be_v raise_v by_o such_o a_o image_n of_o the_o deity_n ysambertus_n say_v 6._o that_o they_o who_o give_v caution_n concern_v the_o do_v of_o a_o thing_n as_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n do_v about_o the_o image_n of_o god_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v to_o approve_v the_o thing_n itself_o and_o he_o say_v the_o opinion_n about_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o such_o image_n be_v so_o certain_a that_o to_o say_v otherwise_o be_v rashness_n and_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o the_o church_n for_o a_o long_a time_n have_v be_v to_o have_v such_o image_n in_o church_n and_o they_o be_v never_o reprove_v either_o by_o the_o pope_n or_o so_o much_o as_o a_o provincial_a synod_n vasquez_n go_v far_o 3._o say_v that_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o image_n of_o the_o trinity_n be_v prove_v by_o the_o most_o frequent_a practice_n of_o the_o church_n which_o common_o at_o rome_n and_o other_o place_n do_v set_v forth_o the_o image_n of_o the_o trinity_n to_o be_v worship_v by_o the_o people_n arriaga_n say_v that_o it_o be_v so_o certain_a that_o these_o image_n be_v lawful_a 1._o that_o to_o say_v the_o contrary_n be_v not_o only_a rashness_n but_o a_o plain_a error_n for_o god_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o suffer_v his_o universal_a church_n to_o err_v in_o a_o matter_n of_o such_o moment_n tannerus_n assert_n 3._o that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o lawful_a to_o make_v image_n of_o god_n and_o the_o trinity_n but_o to_o propose_v they_o as_o object_n of_o worship_n which_o he_o say_v be_v the_o common_a opinion_n of_o their_o divine_n and_o he_o prove_v it_o as_o the_o rest_n do_v from_o the_o practice_n of_o their_o church_n and_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n neither_o be_v such_o image_n say_v cajetan_n only_o for_o show_v as_o the_o cherubim_n be_v in_o the_o temple_n but_o they_o be_v set_v up_o that_o they_o may_v be_v worship_v as_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o church_n show_v in_o the_o processionale_fw-la of_o sarum_n 16._o i_o find_v a_o rubric_n for_o the_o incense_a the_o image_n of_o the_o holy_a trinity_n which_o clear_o manifest_v the_o practice_n of_o worship_v the_o image_n of_o the_o trinity_n now_o in_o this_o matter_n i_o say_v there_o be_v a_o plain_a innovation_n since_o the_o second_o nicene_n council_n which_o think_v such_o image_n utter_o unlawful_a as_o petavius_n prove_v 1._o from_o the_o testimony_n before_o mention_v but_o t._n g._n say_v that_o germanus_n and_o damascen_n 8._o and_o consequent_o the_o rest_n only_o speak_v against_o such_o image_n 119._o as_o be_v suppose_v to_o represent_v the_o divinity_n in_o itself_o with_o who_o they_o full_o agree_v in_o this_o matter_n and_o think_v all_o such_o image_n of_o the_o divinity_n unlawful_a to_o which_o i_o answer_v 1._o this_o be_v plain_o contrary_a to_o their_o meaning_n for_o they_o show_v that_o it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o make_v any_o image_n of_o god_n till_o the_o incarnation_n of_o christ_n as_o may_v be_v at_o large_a prove_v from_o all_o their_o testimony_n now_o this_o assertion_n will_v signify_v nothing_o if_o they_o think_v it_o lawful_a to_o make_v any_o image_n of_o god_n from_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o appearance_n for_o than_o it_o be_v as_o lawful_a to_o make_v image_n of_o god_n before_o as_o after_o the_o incarnation_n of_o christ._n and_o one_o of_o the_o argument_n of_o damascen_n and_o the_o rest_n for_o the_o image_n of_o christ_n although_o he_o be_v god_n be_v to_o show_v the_o reality_n of_o his_o humane_a nature_n against_o those_o who_o say_v he_o take_v only_o the_o appearance_n of_o it_o but_o if_o a_o appearance_n of_o god_n be_v sufficient_a ground_n for_o a_o image_n than_o this_o argument_n do_v prove_v nothing_o at_o all_o and_o yet_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a lay_v so_o great_a weight_n upon_o it_o as_o to_o conclude_v those_o who_o reject_v image_n to_o deny_v the_o reality_n of_o christ_n humane_a nature_n they_o go_v therefore_o upon_o this_o principle_n that_o no_o mere_a appearance_n be_v a_o sufficient_a ground_n for_o the_o image_n of_o a_o person_n for_o in_o case_n it_o be_v a_o mere_a appearance_n the_o representation_n that_o be_v make_v be_v only_o of_o the_o appearance_n itself_o and_o not_o of_o the_o person_n who_o never_o assume_v that_o likeness_n which_o he_o appear_v in_o to_o any_o personal_a union_n but_o say_v they_o when_o the_o humane_a nature_n be_v personal_o unite_v to_o the_o god_n head_n than_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o make_v a_o representation_n of_o that_o person_n by_o a_o image_n of_o his_o humane_a nature_n how_o far_o this_o will_v hold_v at_o to_o a_o object_n of_o divine_a worship_n must_v be_v discuss_v afterward_o but_o from_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o they_o do_v not_o speak_v only_o against_o such_o image_n which_o represent_v the_o divinity_n in_o itself_o but_o against_o such_o as_o be_v make_v of_o any_o appearance_n of_o he_o and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o ancient_a schoolman_n such_o as_o alexander_n hales_n aquinas_n bonaventure_n and_o marsilius_n 2._o do_v all_o agree_v that_o any_o representation_n of_o god_n be_v forbid_v before_o the_o incarnation_n of_o christ_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o they_o can_v not_o think_v any_o representation_n of_o god_n from_o his_o appearance_n to_o have_v be_v lawful_a under_o the_o law_n and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o reason_n give_v why_o the_o representation_n of_o god_n from_o a_o appearance_n shall_v have_v be_v more_o unlawful_a then_o than_o under_o the_o gospel_n 2._o this_o will_v only_o hold_v then_o against_o anthropomorphites_n or_o those_o who_o suppose_v the_o divinity_n to_o be_v real_o like_o their_o image_n of_o which_o sort_n i_o have_v show_v how_o very_a few_o there_o be_v among_o the_o heathen_n themselves_o and_o if_o this_o have_v be_v their_o meaning_n they_o shall_v not_o have_v make_v all_o image_n of_o god_n unlawful_a but_o have_v give_v they_o caution_n not_o to_o think_v the_o divinity_n to_o be_v like_o they_o but_o whatever_o the_o conception_n of_o man_n be_v they_o declare_v in_o general_a all_o image_n of_o god_n to_o be_v unlawful_a which_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n be_v so_o far_o from_o do_v that_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n allow_v some_o kind_n of_o representation_n of_o god_n from_o his_o appearance_n imag._n and_o the_o constant_a practice_n of_o that_o church_n show_v that_o they_o picture_n god_n the_o father_n as_o a_o old_a man_n not_o only_o in_o their_o book_n but_o in_o place_n of_o worship_n and_o with_o a_o design_n to_o worship_v he_o under_o that_o representation_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n the_o great_a patron_n of_o image_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a profess_a to_o abhor_v 3._o those_o image_n of_o god_n which_o be_v allow_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n be_v confess_v by_o their_o own_o author_n to_o be_v apt_a to_o induce_v man_n to_o think_v god_n to_o be_v like_a to_o they_o joh._n hesselius_n catech._n a_o divine_a of_o great_a reputation_n in_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n confess_v that_o from_o the_o image_n of_o god_n in_o humane_a shape_n man_n may_v easy_o fall_v into_o the_o error_n of_o the_o anthropomorphites_n especial_o the_o more_o ignorant_a for_o who_o sake_n especial_o those_o image_n be_v make_v it_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a for_o they_o to_o understand_v metaphorical_a and_o analogical_a representation_n but_o it_o be_v very_o natural_a for_o they_o to_o judge_v of_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o most_o common_a and_o sensible_a representation_n of_o they_o and_o if_o they_o be_v all_o anthropomorphites_n in_o the_o roman_a church_n i_o wonder_v what_o other_o representation_n they_o can_v make_v of_o god_n the_o father_n than_o that_o which_o be_v use_v and_o allow_v and_o worship_v among_o they_o if_o there_o be_v then_o so_o much_o danger_n in_o that_o opinion_n as_o t._n g._n intimate_v how_o can_v that_o church_n possible_o be_v excuse_v that_o give_v such_o occasion_n to_o the_o people_n to_o fall_v into_o it_o he_o that_o go_v about_o to_o express_v the_o invisible_a nature_n of_o god_n by_o a_o artificial_a image_n sin_n grievous_o and_o make_v a_o idol_n say_v sander_n 4._o but_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o a_o man_n to_o express_v the_o invisible_a nature_n of_o god_n by_o a_o image_n otherwise_o than_o it_o be_v do_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n how_o do_v the_o heathen_n do_v it_o otherwise_o according_a to_o t._n g._n than_o by_o make_v the_o image_n of_o god_n in_o the_o likeness_n of_o man_n but_o t._n g._n say_v man_n may_v conceive_v the_o deity_n otherwise_o than_o it_o be_v and_o so_o go_v about_o to_o make_v a_o image_n to_o represent_v it_o which_o be_v folly_n and_o madness_n and_o so_o it_o be_v to_o make_v
for_o say_v he_o if_o all_o the_o dispute_n have_v be_v only_o about_o a_o condition_n exciting_a man_n to_o adoration_n it_o can_v not_o have_v come_v into_o man_n head_n to_o have_v say_v that_o because_o image_n be_v dead_a and_o inanimate_a thing_n they_o can_v not_o be_v a_o mere_a physical_a condition_n of_o adoration_n which_o be_v all_o that_o durandus_fw-la allow_v they_o be_v any_o man_n so_o senseless_a to_o say_v that_o because_o word_n be_v inanimate_a thing_n therefore_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v excite_v to_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n at_o the_o hear_n of_o they_o and_o the_o case_n be_v the_o same_o of_o the_o representation_n make_v by_o the_o eye_n or_o by_o the_o ear_n but_o when_o they_o deny_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o they_o they_o speak_v of_o true_a and_o real_a worship_n which_o be_v immediate_o carry_v to_o the_o image_n themselves_o and_o for_o this_o they_o make_v use_v of_o a_o argument_n which_o have_v a_o appearance_n of_o truth_n viz._n that_o image_n be_v dead_a thing_n have_v no_o excellency_n to_o deserve_v any_o real_a worship_n from_o we_o from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o when_o the_o father_n condemn_v these_o heretic_n they_o do_v not_o determine_v that_o they_o may_v be_v use_v as_o a_o condition_n of_o worship_n but_o that_o true_a and_o real_a worship_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o they_o cardinal_n lugo_n say_v 37._o that_o to_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n it_o be_v not_o only_o necessary_a that_o the_o external_a act_n be_v perform_v to_o the_o image_n of_o kiss_v or_o bow_v etc._n etc._n but_o there_o must_v be_v a_o inward_a affection_n too_o which_o imply_v submission_n for_o say_v he_o worship_n as_o all_o agree_v be_v a_o expression_n of_o submission_n to_o the_o thing_n worship_v and_o it_o will_v be_v ridiculous_a to_o say_v that_o peter_n be_v worship_v by_o that_o token_n of_o submission_n which_o i_o show_v to_o paul_n therefore_o to_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o image_n the_o outward_a 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which_o the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a do_v give_v to_o image_n which_o will_v appear_v by_o show_v these_o two_o thing_n 1._o that_o the_o worship_n require_v be_v high_a than_o mere_a reverence_n 2._o that_o it_o be_v low_a than_o latria_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v high_a than_o mere_a reverence_n t._n g._n will_v insinuate_v etc._n that_o all_o the_o worship_n require_v by_o the_o nicene_n council_n be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o reverence_n show_v to_o the_o book_n of_o the_o holy_a gospel_n or_o the_o sacred_a utensil_n of_o the_o altar_n for_o which_o he_o quote_v the_o definition_n of_o the_o council_n wherein_o those_o thing_n be_v join_v together_o and_o so_o they_o be_v in_o hadrian_o epistle_n extant_a in_o the_o council_n in_o the_o latin_a translation_n for_o the_o greek_a have_v another_o sense_n and_o in_o damascens_n oration_n 749._o but_o to_o clear_v yet_o far_o the_o state_n of_o the_o question_n i_o shall_v show_v 1._o the_o difference_n between_o the_o reverence_n of_o these_o thing_n and_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n 2._o that_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a do_v put_v a_o difference_n between_o they_o 1._o for_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o reverence_n of_o these_o thing_n and_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n although_o no_o irrational_a or_o inanimate_a be_v be_v capable_a of_o that_o real_a excellency_n to_o deserve_v any_o honour_n from_o we_o for_o its_o own_o sake_n as_o aquinas_n determine_v 3_o yet_o such_o thing_n may_v have_v a_o relation_n to_o matter_n of_o so_o high_a a_o nature_n as_o to_o deserve_v a_o different_a usage_n and_o regard_n from_o other_o thing_n as_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o church_n or_o the_o chalice_n be_v not_o to_o be_v use_v for_o common_a drink_n which_o peculiarity_n of_o the_o use_n of_o such_o thing_n be_v that_o degree_n of_o honour_n which_o belong_v to_o they_o on_o the_o account_n of_o their_o be_v dedicate_v to_o sacred_a purpose_n so_o s._n augustin_n say_v 2._o of_o the_o sacred_a vessel_n that_o they_o be_v consecrate_v and_o do_v become_v holy_a by_o their_o use_n be_v separate_v from_o common_a service_n and_o devote_a to_o the_o ministry_n of_o holy_a thing_n but_o he_o do_v plain_o distinguish_v the_o respect_n show_v to_o they_o from_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n for_o a_o little_a before_o he_o speak_v of_o such_o who_o do_v worship_n or_o pray_v look_v upon_o a_o image_n and_o that_o those_o who_o do_v so_o do_v behave_v themselves_o as_o if_o they_o expect_v to_o be_v hear_v by_o the_o image_n but_o do_v we_o pray_v to_o the_o sacred_a utensil_n because_o we_o make_v use_v of_o they_o in_o our_o prayer_n to_o god_n little_o do_v s._n austin_n think_v that_o pray_v look_v upon_o image_n and_o the_o reverence_n show_v to_o sacred_a vessel_n on_o the_o account_n of_o their_o use_n shall_v have_v be_v rank_v together_o he_o that_o pray_v look_v upon_o a_o image_n do_v either_o direct_v his_o adoration_n to_o the_o image_n or_o to_o the_o person_n represent_v by_o the_o image_n as_o if_o he_o be_v actual_o present_a and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n but_o no_o man_n can_v pretend_v this_o as_o to_o the_o reverence_n of_o holy_a thing_n because_o all_o their_o holiness_n consist_v in_o a_o bare_a extrinsical_a denomination_n which_o afford_v no_o reason_n for_o any_o more_o than_o such_o a_o esteem_n as_o belong_v to_o sacred_a thing_n and_o not_o for_o any_o act_n of_o worship_n to_o be_v do_v to_o they_o they_o who_o make_v the_o image_n themselves_o to_o be_v the_o material_a object_n or_o term_v of_o adoration_n do_v yet_o say_v that_o the_o formal_a reason_n of_o that_o worship_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o object_n represent_v other_o say_v that_o the_o thing_n represent_v and_o the_o image_n be_v worship_v with_o the_o same_o act_n of_o adoration_n but_o both_o sort_n do_v make_v the_o representation_n in_o a_o image_n to_o be_v the_o ground_n and_o reason_n of_o the_o worship_n give_v to_o it_o why_o then_o shall_v those_o thing_n which_o do_v not_o represent_v be_v worship_v as_o those_o that_o do_v be_v not_o image_n appoint_v by_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o nicene_n council_n to_o be_v set_v up_o in_o church_n and_o in_o high_a way_n on_o purpose_n for_o worship_n be_v they_o not_o form_v and_o set_v forth_o with_o all_o advantage_n to_o allure_v man_n to_o the_o worship_n of_o they_o and_o after_o all_o this_o be_v no_o more_o mean_v by_o their_o worship_n than_o by_o the_o reverence_n of_o holy_a thing_n which_o be_v design_v for_o a_o peculiar_a use_n and_o serve_v for_o other_o end_n than_o to_o be_v worship_v by_o we_o if_o image_n be_v set_v up_o in_o church_n only_o for_o memory_n and_o instruction_n and_o be_v as_o much_o appoint_v by_o god_n to_o inform_v we_o of_o his_o will_n as_o the_o holy_a scripture_n be_v there_o be_v some_o colour_n of_o show_v a_o like_a regard_n to_o they_o as_o to_o the_o holy_a bible_n but_o it_o be_v quite_o otherwise_o they_o be_v never_o appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n they_o be_v uncapable_a of_o do_v it_o and_o be_v set_v up_o for_o adoration_n and_o yet_o can_v the_o same_o man_n who_o command_v their_o worship_n have_v any_o pretence_n for_o make_v the_o reverence_n to_o the_o bible_n and_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n to_o be_v alike_o beside_o all_o this_o be_v there_o no_o difference_n between_o a_o religious_a respect_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o to_o sacred_a place_n and_o thing_n and_o all_o the_o most_o solemn_a act_n of_o adoration_n which_o be_v ever_o give_v to_o image_n by_o the_o great_a idolater_n such_o as_o kneel_n before_o they_o prostration_n pray_v with_o their_o eye_n fix_v upon_o they_o as_o though_o they_o be_v speak_v to_o they_o
the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n of_o wisdom_n give_v this_o account_n of_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o idol_n 15._o viz._n that_o father_n have_v lose_v their_o child_n make_v image_n of_o they_o and_o appoint_v solemnity_n to_o be_v keep_v before_o they_o as_o if_o they_o be_v god_n then_o by_o degree_n prince_n pass_v these_o thing_n into_o law_n and_o make_v man_n to_o worship_v grave_v image_n and_o thus_o either_o out_o of_o affection_n or_o flattery_n the_o worship_n of_o idol_n begin_v where_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o he_o make_v the_o representation_n of_o person_n that_o be_v real_o in_o be_v to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o idol_n and_o he_o distinguish_v the_o bring_n in_o of_o idol_n from_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o element_n etc._n or_o heavenly_a body_n and_o he_o think_v these_o much_o more_o excusable_a than_o those_o who_o worship_n the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n the_o folly_n of_o which_o he_o there_o elegant_o describe_v but_o he_o still_o suppose_v these_o idol_n to_o have_v the_o resemblance_n either_o of_o man_n or_o some_o live_a creature_n 14._o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n diophantus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a in_o fulgentius_n 1._o say_v that_o syrophane_v the_o egyptian_a be_v great_o afflict_v for_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o son_n make_v a_o image_n of_o he_o and_o all_o his_o servant_n to_o please_v he_o do_v what_o they_o can_v to_o adorn_v this_o image_n and_o some_o when_o they_o have_v offend_v run_v to_o it_o as_o a_o sanctuary_n from_o hence_o say_v he_o come_v the_o worship_n of_o idol_n and_o eutychius_n give_v the_o like_a account_n of_o the_o original_a of_o idol_n 56._o that_o when_o a_o great_a man_n be_v dead_a they_o set_v up_o his_o image_n on_o his_o sepulchre_n from_o whence_o the_o world_n be_v fill_v with_o idol_n i.e._n with_o image_n of_o man_n woman_n and_o child_n this_o he_o think_v begin_v among_o the_o chaldean_n and_o egyptian_n but_o herodotus_n say_v the_o egyptian_n be_v the_o first_o who_o make_v image_n of_o their_o god_n 2._o lucian_n syr._n that_o they_o borrow_v this_o custom_n from_o the_o assyrian_n epiphanius_n make_v the_o beginning_n of_o idolatry_n to_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o seruch_n 8._o but_o he_o say_v that_o it_o go_v no_o far_a than_o to_o picture_n in_o his_o time_n and_o come_v to_o image_n and_o statue_n in_o the_o time_n of_o nahor_n cedrenus_n say_v 45._o that_o seruch_n and_o his_o companion_n make_v statue_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o those_o who_o have_v do_v any_o famous_a action_n which_o their_o posterity_n misunderstanding_n worship_v they_o as_o go_n thus_o far_o we_o find_v that_o the_o first_o idol_n that_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o world_n be_v the_o representation_n of_o thing_n that_o have_v real_a being_n the_o only_a people_n that_o can_v be_v suspect_v to_o be_v mean_v in_o scripture_n as_o those_o who_o have_v such_o idol_n as_o be_v representation_n of_o what_o have_v no_o real_a being_n must_v be_v the_o phoenician_n and_o egyptian_n who_o beside_o the_o worship_n of_o beast_n and_o the_o image_n of_o they_o have_v many_o extravagant_a image_n sanchoniathon_n say_v taautus_n make_v the_o image_n in_o phoenicia_n with_o wing_n saturn_n with_o four_o 39_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o god_n with_o two_o and_o dagon_n and_o atergatis_n or_o derceto_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v a_o image_n whereof_o the_o upper_a part_n be_v of_o humane_a shape_n and_o the_o low_a of_o a_o fish_n among_o the_o egyptian_n one_o of_o their_o image_n have_v the_o face_n of_o a_o ram_n and_o another_o of_o a_o dog_n etc._n etc._n if_o these_o be_v the_o idol_n t.g._n think_v be_v prohibit_v in_o the_o second_o commandment_n i_o desire_v he_o to_o consider_v 1._o whether_o the_o image_n of_o humane_a shape_n be_v not_o prohibit_v by_o the_o law_n equal_o with_o these_o or_o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o worship_v such_o image_n as_o do_v represent_v real_a being_n in_o that_o manner_n that_o it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o worship_v those_o image_n that_o be_v only_a chimaera_n and_o fancy_n of_o man_n brain_n if_o not_o this_o distinction_n serve_v to_o no_o purpose_n at_o all_o to_o make_v this_o more_o plain_a i_o ask_v t._n g._n whether_o it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o worship_n god_n among_o the_o egyptian_n under_o the_o representation_n of_o a_o image_n with_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n and_o the_o head_n of_o a_o hawk_n which_o be_v a_o representation_n of_o something_o that_o have_v no_o real_a be_v just_a like_o it_o but_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o worship_v he_o with_o the_o image_n of_o a_o man_n as_o eusebius_n say_v 11._o that_o oneph_n or_o the_o creator_n of_o the_o world_n be_v worship_v under_o such_o a_o representation_n among_o they_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o both_o these_o sort_n of_o image_n be_v among_o the_o egyptian_n and_o according_a to_o t._n g.'s_n notion_n one_o of_o these_o be_v a_o idol_n and_o the_o other_o not_o but_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o man_n of_o common_a understanding_n to_o suppose_v that_o god_n by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n have_v forbid_v the_o one_o and_o not_o the_o other_o when_o both_o be_v intend_v to_o represent_v the_o same_o be_v but_o according_a to_o this_o sense_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o thebais_n of_o who_o plutarch_n say_v 357._o that_o they_o only_o worship_v oneph_n the_o immortal_a god_n or_o the_o creator_n under_o the_o image_n of_o a_o man_n be_v altogether_o as_o innocent_a as_o those_o in_o the_o roman_a church_n who_o worship_n god_n under_o a_o like_a representation_n and_o can_v it_o enter_v into_o t._n g.'s_n head_n that_o god_n shall_v notwithstanding_o all_o the_o word_n of_o this_o commandment_n allow_v such_o a_o kind_n of_o worship_n of_o image_n as_o be_v receive_v among_o the_o egyptian_n but_o if_o this_o be_v condemn_v in_o they_o then_o if_o the_o second_o commandment_n be_v in_o force_n the_o like_a worship_n must_v be_v condemn_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n 2._o that_o there_o be_v a_o distinction_n to_o be_v make_v between_o such_o image_n as_o have_v no_o real_a resemblance_n in_o nature_n and_o such_o image_n which_o represent_v that_o which_o have_v no_o real_a be_v for_o although_o the_o phoenician_n and_o egyptian_a image_n have_v nothing_o in_o nature_n which_o answer_v to_o their_o figure_n yet_o there_o may_v be_v something_o which_o answer_v their_o representation_n i._n e._n they_o be_v only_o symbolical_a image_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o symbol_n be_v understand_v there_o be_v no_o difference_n as_o to_o matter_n of_o worship_n between_o these_o and_o other_o image_n as_o for_o instance_n a_o sphinx_n be_v one_o of_o those_o image_n which_o t._n g._n will_v have_v to_o be_v understand_v for_o a_o idol_n in_o the_o second_o commandment_n suppose_v then_o that_o i_o allow_v he_o as_o a_o sphinx_n be_v paint_v among_o the_o egyptian_n with_o wing_n and_o the_o face_n a_o man_n and_o the_o body_n of_o a_o lion_n that_o it_o be_v the_o representation_n of_o something_o that_o have_v no_o real_a be_v agreeable_a to_o it_o yet_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n say_v 5._o that_o their_o design_n be_v to_o represent_v hereby_o that_o god_n be_v both_o to_o be_v love_v and_o fear_v now_o this_o image_n do_v symbolical_o represent_v a_o real_a object_n of_o worship_n and_o therefore_o can_v be_v no_o idol_n even_o in_o t._n g.'s_n sense_n so_o kircher_n say_v 3._o one_o of_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o common_a image_n of_o the_o egyptian_n be_v a_o wing_a globe_n with_o a_o serpent_n pass_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o by_o the_o globe_n say_v he_o they_o represent_v the_o divine_a nature_n by_o the_o serpent_n the_o spread_a of_o life_n and_o by_o the_o wing_n the_o spirit_n of_o the_o world_n here_o be_v a_o image_n that_o have_v no_o real_a be_v correspondent_a to_o it_o and_o yet_o it_o represent_v the_o infinite_a nature_n and_o power_n and_o goodness_n of_o god_n sometime_o say_v he_o they_o represent_v providence_n by_o a_o sceptre_n with_o a_o dog_n head_n within_o a_o semicircle_n by_o which_o and_o innumerable_a other_o way_n they_o represent_v the_o hide_a mystery_n of_o the_o divine_a be_v and_o they_o think_v this_o symbolical_a way_n most_o please_v to_o god_n and_o be_v certain_o far_a from_o that_o danger_n which_o t._n g._n think_v to_o be_v most_o considerable_a in_o image_n viz._n make_v man_n anthropomorphites_n to_o avoid_v which_o the_o egyptian_n general_o mix_v the_o figure_n of_o man_n and_o beast_n together_o not_o so_o much_o to_o show_v the_o communion_n of_o nature_n as_o porphyry_n imagine_v 4._o as_o that_o these_o be_v mere_a symbolical_a image_n and_o not_o intend_v for_o any_o proper_a likeness_n and_o therefore_o according_a to_o t._n g.'s_n principle_n those_o which_o he_o call_v idol_n be_v
citation_n i_o there_o produce_v out_o of_o origen_n wherein_o he_o say_v the_o christian_n dare_v have_v no_o image_n of_o the_o deity_n because_o of_o this_o commandment_n and_o that_o they_o will_v rather_o die_v than_o defile_v themselves_o with_o such_o a_o impiety_n and_o even_o theodoret_n himself_o say_v 168._o they_o be_v forbid_v to_o make_v any_o image_n of_o god_n because_o they_o see_v no_o similitude_n of_o he_o and_o which_o be_v more_o to_o t._n g._n even_o the_o nicene_n council_n and_o the_o great_a patron_n of_o image_n for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o do_v yield_v that_o the_o second_o commandment_n do_v forbid_v the_o make_n or_o worship_v any_o representation_n of_o god_n as_o i_o have_v already_o at_o large_a prove_v if_o i_o may_v advise_v t._n g._n i_o will_v never_o have_v he_o venture_v at_o the_o father_n again_o but_o be_v content_v to_o bear_v his_o own_o burden_n and_o out_o of_o mere_a pity_n to_o they_o not_o to_o load_v they_o with_o the_o imputation_n of_o his_o own_o infirmity_n if_o not_o wilful_a mistake_n to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o law_n be_v not_o mere_o against_o the_o idol_n of_o the_o heathen_n i_o add_v these_o word_n if_o this_o have_v be_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o law_n why_o be_v it_o not_o more_o plain_o express_v why_o be_v none_o of_o the_o word_n elsewhere_o use_v by_o way_n of_o contempt_n of_o the_o heathen_a idol_n here_o mention_v as_o be_v less_o liable_a to_o ambiguity_n why_o in_o so_o short_a a_o comprehension_n of_o law_n be_v this_o law_n so_o much_o enlarge_v above_o what_o it_o may_v have_v be_v if_o nothing_o but_o what_o he_o say_v be_v to_o be_v mean_v by_o it_o for_o then_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o two_o first_o precept_n may_v have_v be_v sum_v up_o in_o very_a few_o word_n thou_o shall_v have_v no_o other_o god_n but_o i_o and_o thou_o shall_v worship_v the_o image_n of_o no_o other_o god_n but_o i_o to_o all_o this_o which_o be_v sure_o something_o more_o than_o say_v that_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o imagine_v the_o law_n mean_v any_o thing_n else_o t._n g._n answer_v not_o one_o word_n 53._o but_o instead_o of_o that_o he_o spend_v some_o page_n about_o two_o similitude_n one_o of_o i_o and_o another_o quaint_a of_o his_o own_o which_o must_v stand_v or_o fall_v according_a to_o the_o reason_n give_v for_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v pass_v they_o over_o only_o for_o his_o desire_v i_o to_o make_v my_o similitude_n run_v on_o all_o four_o as_o the_o beast_n mention_v in_o it_o it_o be_v such_o a_o piece_n of_o wit_n that_o i_o desire_v he_o may_v enjoy_v the_o comfort_n of_o it_o but_o he_o have_v not_o yet_o do_v with_o the_o word_n pesel_n which_o he_o say_v 54._o the_o lxx_o will_v never_o have_v render_v it_o here_o contrary_a to_o their_o custom_n idol_n without_o some_o particular_a reason_n for_o it_o what_o particular_a reason_n be_v there_o here_o more_o than_o in_o the_o repetition_n of_o the_o commandment_n deut._n 5.8_o where_o they_o translate_v it_o by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o alex._n m_o s._n and_o in_o other_o copy_n of_o the_o lxx_o deut._n 4.16_o be_v there_o not_o as_o much_o reason_n to_o have_v use_v the_o same_o word_n in_o those_o place_n as_o in_o this_o since_o the_o commandment_n be_v the_o very_a same_o and_o for_o the_o other_o place_n he_o mention_n as_o isaiah_n 40.18_o 44.9_o 10_o 13._o i_o dare_v leave_v it_o to_o the_o examination_n of_o any_o man_n whether_o they_o do_v not_o far_o better_o prove_v that_o a_o idol_n in_o scripture_n be_v a_o image_n set_v up_o for_o worship_n than_o that_o by_o grave_a image_n be_v mean_v a_o heathen_a idol_n this_o i_o be_o certain_a of_o that_o pet._n picherellus_n a_o excellent_a critic_n 221._o and_o learned_a divine_a in_o the_o roman_a church_n be_v convince_v by_o compare_v of_o these_o place_n that_o the_o signification_n of_o a_o idol_n in_o the_o second_o commandment_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o a_o grave_a image_n and_o that_o the_o use_v any_o outward_a sign_n of_o worship_n before_o any_o image_n be_v the_o thing_n forbid_v in_o this_o commandment_n 231._o and_o that_o the_o do_v so_o be_v that_o idolatry_n which_o god_n have_v threaten_v so_o severe_o to_o punish_v which_o i_o beseech_v t._n g._n and_o those_o of_o his_o church_n to_o consider_v and_o repent_v the_o second_o way_n i_o propose_v to_o find_v out_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o commandment_n be_v from_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o 14._o which_o i_o say_v the_o scripture_n tell_v we_o be_v derive_v from_o god_n infinite_a and_o incomprehensible_a nature_n which_o can_v not_o be_v represent_v to_o man_n but_o in_o a_o way_n that_o must_v be_v a_o infinite_a disparagement_n to_o it_o for_o which_o i_o produce_v isaiah_n 40.19_o 20_o 21_o 22._o to_o who_o will_v you_o liken_v god_n or_o what_o likeness_n will_v you_o compare_v to_o he_o the_o workman_n melt_v a_o grave_a image_n and_o the_o goldsmith_n spread_v it_o over_o with_o gold_n etc._n etc._n have_v you_o not_o know_v have_v you_o not_o hear_v have_v it_o not_o be_v tell_v you_o from_o the_o beginning_n have_v you_o not_o understand_v from_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v he_o that_o sit_v upon_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o earth_n etc._n etc._n whence_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v whether_o this_o reason_n be_v give_v against_o heathen_a idol_n or_o those_o image_n which_o be_v worship_v for_o god_n or_o no_o or_o whether_o by_o this_o reason_n god_n do_v not_o declare_v that_o all_o worship_n give_v to_o he_o by_o any_o visible_a representation_n of_o he_o be_v extreme_o dishonourable_a to_o he_o and_o to_o this_o purpose_n when_o this_o precept_n be_v enforce_v on_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n by_o a_o very_a particular_a caution_n 16._o take_v you_o therefore_o good_a heed_n to_o yourselves_o lest_o you_o corrupt_v yourselves_o and_o make_v you_o a_o grave_a image_n the_o similitude_n of_o any_o figure_n etc._n etc._n the_o ground_n of_o that_o caution_n be_v express_v in_o these_o word_n for_o you_o see_v no_o manner_n of_o similitude_n on_o the_o day_n that_o the_o lord_n speak_v unto_o you_o if_o the_o whole_a intention_n of_o the_o law_n have_v be_v only_o to_o keep_v they_o from_o worship_v the_o heathen_a idol_n or_o image_n for_o god_n to_o what_o purpose_n be_v it_o here_o mention_v that_o they_o see_v no_o similitude_n of_o god_n when_o he_o speak_v to_o they_o for_o although_o god_n appear_v with_o a_o similitude_n then_o yet_o there_o may_v have_v be_v great_a reason_n against_o worship_v the_o heathen_a idol_n or_o fix_v the_o intention_n of_o their_o worship_n on_o the_o bare_a image_n but_o this_o be_v a_o very_a great_a reason_n why_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o think_v of_o honour_v god_n by_o a_o image_n for_o if_o he_o have_v judge_v that_o a_o suitable_a way_n of_o worship_n to_o his_o nature_n and_o excellency_n he_o will_v not_o have_v leave_v the_o choice_n of_o the_o similitude_n to_o themselves_o but_o will_v have_v appear_v himself_o in_o such_o a_o similitude_n as_o have_v best_a please_v he_o this_o discourse_n t.g._n say_v 58._o be_v apt_a enough_o to_o delude_v a_o vulgar_a auditory_a out_o of_o the_o pulpit_n i_o with_o their_o pulpit_n have_v never_o any_o worse_a before_o not_o vulgar_a auditory_n but_o altogether_o empty_a and_o insignificant_a when_o bring_v to_o the_o test_n of_o reason_n that_o be_v to_o be_v try_v whether_o my_o reason_n or_o his_o answer_n will_v be_v find_v so_o however_o he_o say_v this_o do_v not_o prove_v it_o idolatry_n no_o that_o be_v very_o strange_a for_o if_o the_o image_n of_o god_n when_o worship_v be_v a_o idol_n and_o forbid_a as_o such_o in_o the_o commandment_n than_o i_o suppose_v the_o worship_n of_o it_o be_v idolatry_n but_o none_o so_o blind_a as_o they_o that_o will_v not_o see_v now_o for_o the_o terrible_a test_n of_o reason_n he_o say_v 1._o that_o all_o representation_n of_o god_n be_v not_o dishonourable_a to_o he_o and_o for_o that_o he_o produce_v a_o hieroglyphical_a picture_n of_o a_o three_o cornered_a light_n within_o a_o cloud_n 59_o and_o the_o name_n jehovah_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o in_o the_o frontispiece_n of_o a_o book_n of_o common_a prayer_n by_o rob._n barker_n 1642._o from_o whence_o he_o infer_v that_o the_o church_n of_o england_n do_v not_o look_v on_o all_o visible_a representation_n as_o a_o infinite_a disparagement_n to_o god_n as_o though_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v concern_v in_o all_o the_o fancy_n of_o engraver_n in_o the_o frontispiece_n of_o book_n public_o allow_v he_o may_v better_o have_v prove_v that_o we_o worship_n jupiter_n ammon_n in_o our_o church_n
because_o in_o some_o he_o may_v see_v moses_n paint_v with_o horn_n on_o his_o forehead_n i_o do_v not_o think_v our_o church_n ever_o determine_v that_o moses_n shall_v have_v horn_n any_o more_o than_o it_o appoint_v such_o a_o hieroglyphical_a representation_n of_o god_n be_v our_o church_n the_o only_a place_n in_o the_o world_n where_o the_o painter_n have_v lose_v their_o old_a privilege_n quidlibet_fw-la audendi_fw-la 60._o there_o need_v no_o great_a atonement_n to_o be_v make_v between_o the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o i_o in_o this_o matter_n for_o the_o church_n of_o england_n declare_v in_o the_o book_n of_o homily_n 40._o that_o the_o image_n of_o god_n the_o father_n son_n and_o holy_a ghost_n be_v express_o forbid_v and_o condemn_v by_o these_o very_a scripture_n i_o mention_v for_o how_o can_v god_n a_o most_o pure_a spirit_n who_o man_n never_o see_v be_v express_v by_o a_o gross_a body_n or_o visible_a similitude_n or_o how_o can_v the_o infinite_a majesty_n and_o greatness_n of_o god_n incomprehensible_a to_o man_n mind_n much_o more_o not_o able_a to_o be_v compass_v with_o the_o sense_n be_v express_v in_o a_o image_n with_o more_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n by_o which_o our_o church_n declare_v as_o plain_o as_o possible_a that_o all_o image_n of_o god_n be_v a_o disparagement_n to_o the_o divine_a nature_n therefore_o let_v t._n g._n make_v amends_o to_o our_o church_n of_o england_n for_o this_o and_o other_o affront_v he_o have_v put_v upon_o she_o here_o be_v nothing_o of_o the_o test_n of_o reason_n or_o honesty_n in_o all_o this_o let_v we_o see_v whether_o it_o lie_v in_o what_o follow_v 61._o 2._o he_o say_v that_o image_n of_o god_n may_v be_v consider_v two_o way_n either_o as_o make_v to_o represent_v the_o divinity_n itself_o or_o analogical_o this_o distinction_n i_o have_v already_o full_o examine_v and_o show_v it_o to_o be_v neither_o fit_a for_o pulpit_n nor_o school_n and_o that_o all_o image_n of_o god_n be_v condemn_v by_o the_o nicene_n father_n themselves_o as_o dishonourable_a to_o he_o 3._o he_o say_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n be_v to_o keep_v they_o in_o their_o duty_n of_o give_v sovereign_a worship_n to_o god_n alone_o 63._o by_o restrain_v they_o from_o idolatry_n this_o be_v now_o the_o severe_a test_n that_o my_o reason_n can_v stand_v before_o and_o be_v it_o indeed_o only_o sovereign_a worship_n to_o god_n that_o be_v require_v by_o the_o law_n to_o restrain_v they_o from_o idolatry_n do_v this_o appear_v to_o return_v his_o own_o word_n in_o the_o law_n itself_o or_o in_o the_o preface_n 57_o or_o in_o the_o commination_n against_o the_o transgressor_n of_o it_o if_o in_o none_o of_o these_o place_n nor_o any_o where_o else_o in_o scripture_n methinks_v it_o be_v somewhat_o hard_o venture_v upon_o this_o distinction_n of_o sovereign_n and_o inferior_a worship_n when_o the_o word_n be_v so_o general_a thou_o shall_v not_o bow_v down_o to_o they_o nor_o worship_v they_o and_o if_o god_n be_v so_o jealous_a a_o god_n in_o this_o matter_n of_o worship_n he_o will_v not_o be_v put_v off_o with_o idle_a distinction_n of_o vain_a man_n that_o have_v no_o colour_n or_o pretence_n from_o the_o law_n for_o whether_o the_o worship_n be_v supreme_a or_o inferior_a it_o be_v worship_n and_o whether_o it_o be_v one_o or_o the_o other_o do_v they_o not_o bow_v down_o to_o image_n and_o what_o can_v be_v forbid_v in_o more_o express_a word_n than_o these_o be_v but_o t._n g._n prove_v his_o assertion_n 64_o 1._o from_o the_o preface_n of_o the_o law_n because_o the_o reason_n there_o assign_v be_v i_o be_o the_o lord_n thy_o god_n therefore_o sovereign_a honour_n be_v only_o to_o be_v give_v to_o i_o and_o to_o none_o beside_o i_o or_o as_o i_o think_v it_o be_v better_a express_v in_o the_o follow_a word_n thou_o shall_v have_v no_o other_o god_n but_o i_o and_o who_o deny_v or_o doubt_n of_o this_o but_o what_o be_v this_o to_o the_o second_o commandment_n yes_o say_v t._n g._n the_o same_o reason_n be_v enforce_v from_o god_n jealousy_n of_o his_o honour_n very_o well_o of_o his_o sovereign_a honour_n but_o provide_v that_o supreme_a worship_n be_v reserve_v to_o he_o he_o do_v not_o regard_v a_o inferior_a worship_n be_v give_v to_o image_n may_v not_o t._n g._n as_o well_o have_v explain_v the_o first_o commandment_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n thou_o shall_v have_v no_o other_o sovereign_n god_n beside_o i_o but_o inferior_a and_o subordinate_a deity_n you_o may_v have_v as_o many_o as_o you_o please_v notwithstanding_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n which_o t._n g._n thus_o paraphrase_n i_o be_o the_o only_a supreme_a and_o superexcellent_a be_v above_o all_o and_o over_o all_o to_o who_o therefore_o sovereign_a honour_n be_v only_o to_o be_v give_v and_o to_o none_o beside_o i_o very_o true_a say_v the_o heathen_a idolater_n we_o yield_v you_o every_o word_n of_o this_o and_o why_o then_o do_v you_o charge_v we_o with_o idolatry_n thus_o by_o the_o admirable_a test_n of_o t._n g_n reason_n the_o heathen_a idolater_n be_v excuse_v from_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o first_o commandment_n as_o well_o as_o the_o papist_n from_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o second_o 2._o he_o prove_v it_o from_o the_o necessary_a connexion_n between_o the_o prohibition_n of_o the_o law_n on_o the_o one_o side_n 67._o and_o the_o supreme_a excellency_n of_o the_o divine_a nature_n on_o the_o other_o for_o from_o the_o supreme_a excellency_n of_o god_n it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o sovereign_a worship_n be_v due_a only_a to_o it_o and_o not_o to_o be_v give_v to_o any_o other_o image_n or_o thing_n but_o if_o we_o consider_v he_o as_o invisible_a only_a and_o irrepresentable_a it_o do_v not_o follow_v on_o that_o account_n precise_o that_o sovereign_a worship_n or_o indeed_o any_o worship_n at_o all_o be_v due_a unto_o it_o which_o be_v just_a like_o this_o manner_n of_o reason_v the_o supreme_a authority_n of_o a_o husband_n be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o wife_n be_v to_o obey_v he_o but_o if_o she_o consider_v her_o husband_n as_o his_o name_n be_v john_n or_o thomas_n or_o as_o he_o have_v such_o feature_n in_o his_o face_n it_o do_v not_o follow_v on_o that_o account_n precise_o that_o she_o be_v bind_v to_o obey_v he_o and_o none_o else_o for_o her_o husband_n and_o what_o of_o all_o this_o for_o the_o love_n of_o school_n divinity_n may_v not_o the_o reason_n of_o obedience_n be_v take_v from_o one_o particular_a thing_n in_o a_o person_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o general_a obligation_n of_o obedience_n to_o that_o person_n and_o to_o none_o else_o beside_o he_o although_o the_o feature_n of_o his_o countenance_n be_v no_o reason_n of_o obedience_n yet_o they_o may_v serve_v to_o discriminate_a he_o from_o any_o other_o person_n who_o she_o be_v not_o to_o love_v and_o obey_v and_o in_o case_n he_o forbid_v her_o familiarity_n with_o one_o of_o his_o servant_n because_o this_o will_v be_v a_o great_a disparagement_n to_o he_o do_v it_o follow_v that_o because_o his_o superiority_n be_v the_o general_a reason_n of_o obedience_n he_o may_v not_o give_v a_o particular_a reason_n for_o a_o special_a command_n this_o be_v the_o case_n here_o god_n supreme_a excellency_n be_v grant_v to_o be_v the_o general_a reason_n of_o obedience_n to_o all_o god_n command_n but_o in_o case_n he_o give_v some_o particular_a precept_n as_o not_o to_o worship_v any_o image_n may_v not_o he_o assign_v a_o reason_n proper_a to_o it_o and_o what_o can_v be_v a_o more_o proper_a reason_n against_o make_v or_o worship_v any_o representation_n of_o god_n than_o to_o say_v he_o can_v be_v represent_v mere_a invisibility_n i_o grant_v be_v no_o general_a reason_n of_o obedience_n but_o invisibility_n may_v be_v a_o very_a proper_a reason_n for_o not_o paint_v what_o be_v invisible_a there_o be_v no_o worship_n due_a to_o a_o sound_n because_o it_o can_v be_v paint_v but_o it_o be_v the_o most_o proper_a reason_n why_o a_o sound_n can_v be_v paint_v because_o it_o be_v not_o visible_a and_o if_o god_n himself_o give_v this_o reason_n why_o they_o shall_v make_v no_o grave_a image_n because_o they_o see_v no_o similitude_n on_o that_o day_n etc._n etc._n be_v it_o not_o madness_n and_o folly_n in_o man_n to_o say_v this_o be_v no_o reason_n but_o t._n g._n still_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v 67._o that_o all_o that_o be_v mean_v by_o this_o commandment_n be_v that_o sovereign_a worship_n be_v not_o to_o be_v give_v to_o grave_v image_n or_o similitude_n and_o of_o the_o sovereign_a worship_n he_o say_v god_n excellency_n precise_o be_v the_o formal_a and_o immediate_a reason_n why_o it_o be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o none_o but_o he_o but_o we_o be_v not_o such_o sot_n say_v the_o
inconsistent_a with_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o true_a church_n and_o since_o no_o kind_n of_o idolatry_n be_v lawful_a if_o the_o roman_a church_n hold_v it_o to_o be_v so_o she_o must_v needs_o hold_v a_o error_n inconsistent_a with_o some_o truth_n most_o profound_o argue_v he_o only_o ought_v to_o have_v subsume_v as_o i_o think_v such_o logician_n as_o i._n w._n call_v it_o but_o all_o error_n be_v fundamental_a and_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o true_a church_n or_o that_o infallibility_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o be_v of_o a_o church_n and_o when_o he_o prove_v that_o i_o promise_v to_o renounce_v the_o charge_n of_o idolatry_n now_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a say_v i._n w._n that_o the_o roman_a church_n shall_v bold_a any_o idolatry_n lawful_a know_v it_o to_o be_v idolatry_n unless_o she_o hold_v that_o some_o honour_n which_o be_v due_a only_a to_o god_n may_v be_v give_v to_o a_o creature_n i_o be_o afraid_a to_o be_v snap_v by_o so_o cunning_a a_o sophister_n and_o therefore_o i_o distinguish_v in_o time_n the_o roman_a church_n do_v not_o hold_v any_o idolatry_n lawful_a which_o it_o judge_n to_o be_v idolatry_n or_o the_o honour_n due_a only_o to_o god_n but_o the_o roman_a church_n may_v give_v the_o real_a part_n of_o worship_n due_a only_o to_o god_n to_o a_o mere_a creature_n and_o yet_o at_o the_o same_o time_n tell_v man_n it_o be_v not_o a_o part_n of_o the_o honour_n which_o be_v due_a to_o god_n to_o make_v this_o plain_a even_o to_o the_o understanding_n of_o i._o w._n the_o church_n of_o rome_n may_v entertain_v a_o false_a notion_n of_o idolatry_n or_o of_o that_o worship_n which_o be_v due_a only_a to_o god_n which_o false_a notion_n be_v receive_v man_n may_v real_o give_v the_o worship_n that_o only_o belong_v to_o god_n to_o his_o creature_n and_o the_o utmost_a error_n necessary_a in_o this_o case_n be_v no_o more_o than_o have_v a_o false_a notion_n of_o idolatry_n as_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o idolatry_n without_o give_v sovereign_a worship_n to_o a_o creature_n or_o that_o a_o idol_n be_v the_o representation_n only_o of_o a_o imaginary_a be_v etc._n etc._n now_o on_o these_o supposition_n no_o more_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o idolatry_n than_o be_v deceive_v in_o the_o notion_n of_o it_o if_o therefore_o t._n g._n or_o i.w._n will_v prove_v that_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n can_v never_o be_v deceive_v in_o the_o notion_n of_o it_o or_o that_o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o church_n to_o have_v a_o false_a notion_n of_o idolatry_n they_o do_v something_o towards_o the_o prove_v i_o guilty_a of_o a_o contradiction_n in_o acknowledge_v the_o church_n of_o rome_n to_o be_v a_o true_a church_n and_o yet_o charge_v it_o with_o idolatry_n but_o i._o w._n say_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o roman_a church_n shall_v teach_v or_o hold_v any_o kind_n of_o idolatry_n 97._o whatsoever_o it_o be_v but_o she_o must_v hold_v express_o or_o implicit_o that_o some_o honour_n due_a only_o to_o god_n may_v be_v give_v to_o a_o mere_a creature_n such_o kind_n of_o stuff_n as_o this_o will_v make_v a_o man_n almost_o repent_v ever_o read_v logic_n which_o this_o man_n pretend_v so_o much_o to_o for_o sure_o mother_n wit_n be_v much_o better_a than_o scholastic_a fool_n such_o a_o church_n which_o commit_v or_o by_o her_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n lead_v to_o idolatry_n need_v not_o to_o hold_v i._n e._n deliver_v as_o her_o judgement_n that_o some_o honour_n due_a only_o to_o god_n may_v be_v give_v to_o a_o creature_n it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o she_o command_v or_o allow_v such_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v which_o in_o their_o own_o nature_n or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n be_v real_o give_v the_o worship_n of_o god_n to_o a_o creature_n yet_o upon_o this_o mistake_n as_o gross_a as_o it_o be_v the_o poor_a waspish_a creature_n run_v on_o for_o many_o leaf_n and_o think_v all_o that_o while_o he_o prove_v i_o guilty_a of_o a_o contradiction_n but_o the_o man_n have_v something_o in_o his_o head_n which_o he_o mean_v although_o he_o scarce_o know_v how_o to_o express_v it_o viz._n that_o in_o good_a catholic_n dictionary_n a_o fundamental_a error_n and_o a_o damnable_a error_n 101._o and_o a_o error_n inconsistent_a with_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o true_a church_n be_v term_n synonymous_n now_o i_o know_v what_o he_o will_v be_v at_o viz._n that_o infallibility_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o be_v of_o a_o church_n therefore_o to_o suppose_v a_o church_n to_o err_v be_v to_o suppose_v it_o not_o to_o be_v a_o church_n but_o will_v he_o prove_v i_o guilty_a of_o contradiction_n by_o catholic_n dictionary_n i_o beg_v his_o pardon_n for_o in_o they_o transubstantiation_n imply_v none_o but_o whosoever_o write_v against_o they_o must_v be_v guilty_a of_o many_o if_o he_o will_v prove_v i_o guilty_a of_o contradiction_n let_v he_o prove_v it_o from_o my_o own_o sense_n and_o not_o from_o they_o yet_o he_o will_v seem_v at_o last_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o practice_n of_o any_o kind_n of_o idolatry_n etc._n especial_o be_v approve_v by_o the_o church_n be_v destructive_a to_o the_o be_v of_o a_o church_n which_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n he_o say_v that_o deserve_v to_o be_v far_o consider_v by_o inquire_v into_o two_o thing_n 1._o whether_o a_o church_n allow_v and_o countenance_v the_o practice_n of_o idolacry_n can_v be_v a_o true_a church_n 2._o whether_o such_o a_o church_n can_v have_v any_o power_n or_o authority_n to_o consecrate_v bishop_n or_o ordain_v priest_n for_o this_o be_v a_o thing_n which_o t._n g._n likewise_o object_n as_o consequent_a upon_o my_o assertion_n of_o their_o idolatry_n that_o thereby_o i_o overthrow_v all_o authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n in_o the_o church_n of_o england_n as_o be_v derive_v from_o a_o idolatrous_a church_n these_o be_v matter_n which_o deserve_v a_o far_a handle_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v speak_v to_o they_o 1._o whether_o a_o church_n may_v continue_v a_o true_a church_n and_o yet_o allow_v 2._o and_o practice_v any_o kind_n of_o idolatry_n and_o to_o resolve_v this_o i_o resort_v again_o to_o the_o ten_o tribe_n suppose_v what_o have_v be_v say_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v they_o guilty_a of_o idolatry_n my_o business_n be_v to_o inquire_v whether_o they_o be_v a_o true_a church_n in_o that_o time_n this_o i._o w._n deny_v 78._o say_v i_o ought_v to_o have_v prove_v and_o not_o bare_o suppose_v that_o the_o idolatry_n introduce_v by_o jeroboam_fw-la be_v not_o destructive_a to_o the_o be_v of_o a_o true_a church_n and_o several_a protestant_n he_o say_v produce_v the_o church_n of_o israel_n to_o show_v that_o a_o true_a visible_a church_n may_v cease_v alas_o poor_a man_n he_o have_v hear_v something_o of_o this_o nature_n but_o he_o can_v not_o tell_v what_o they_o have_v produce_v this_o as_o a_o instance_n against_o the_o perpetual_a visibility_n of_o the_o church_n and_o he_o bring_v it_o to_o prove_v that_o it_o cease_v to_o be_v a_o true_a church_n and_o the_o time_n they_o fix_v upon_o by_o his_o own_o confession_n be_v when_o elias_n complain_v that_o he_o be_v leave_v alone_o in_o israel_n which_o be_v not_o when_o the_o idolatry_n of_o the_o calf_n but_o when_o that_o of_o baal_n prevail_v among_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n i._n e._n when_o they_o worship_v beel-samen_a or_o the_o sun_n instead_o of_o god_n now_o that_o they_o be_v a_o true_a church_n while_o they_o worship_v jeroboam_n calf_n i_o prove_v by_o these_o two_o thing_n 1._o that_o there_o be_v no_o time_n from_o jeroboam_fw-la to_o the_o captivity_n of_o israel_n wherein_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o calf_n be_v not_o the_o establish_a religion_n of_o the_o ten_o tribe_n this_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o expression_n before_o mention_v that_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n depart_v not_o from_o the_o sin_n of_o jeroboam_n 31._o till_o god_n remove_v israel_n out_o of_o his_o sight_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a of_o almost_o every_o one_o of_o the_o king_n of_o israel_n that_o it_o be_v say_v particular_o that_o he_o depart_v not_o from_o the_o sin_n of_o jeroboam_n 22.52_o 2._o that_o during_o that_o time_n god_n do_v own_v they_o for_o his_o people_n 3.3_o 18.24.28_o which_o be_v all_o one_o with_o make_v they_o a_o true_a church_n thus_o jehu_n be_v say_v to_o be_v anoint_v king_n over_o the_o people_n of_o the_o lord_n 9.6_o and_o there_o be_v a_o remarkable_a expression_n in_o the_o time_n of_o jehoahaz_n that_o the_o lord_n be_v gracious_a unto_o they_o 13.23_o and_o have_v respect_n unto_o they_o because_o of_o his_o covenant_n with_o abraham_n isaac_n and_o jacob_n and_o will_v not_o destroy_v they_o neither_o cast_v he_o they_o from_o his_o presence_n as_o yet_o will_v god_n have_v such_o
the_o sense_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n that_o even_o a_o image_n of_o christ_n become_v a_o rival_n when_o it_o have_v divine_a honour_n give_v to_o it_o and_o t._n g._n himself_o will_v not_o allow_v sacrifice_n to_o be_v offer_v to_o a_o image_n 183._o and_o he_o deny_v from_o the_o catholic_n catechism_n although_o contrary_a to_o the_o catholic_n practice_n that_o they_o do_v pray_v to_o image_n let_v we_o then_o suppose_v that_o man_n do_v pray_v and_o sacrifice_n to_o the_o image_n of_o christ._n be_v all_o this_o only_a like_o the_o wife_n kiss_v the_o picture_n for_o the_o husband_n sake_n if_o it_o be_v no_o more_o it_o be_v lawful_a and_o commendable_a to_o do_v they_o according_a to_o t._n g_n principle_n if_o it_o be_v more_o than_o a_o image_n of_o christ_n may_v have_v such_o honour_n do_v to_o it_o as_o make_v it_o a_o idol_n and_o consequent_o a_o rival_n with_o god_n for_o his_o honour_n and_o so_o the_o dispute_n come_v to_o this_o whether_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n do_v not_o imply_v give_v divine_a honour_n to_o they_o of_o which_o i_o have_v treat_v at_o large_a already_o 2._o by_o this_o distinction_n man_n may_v say_v the_o lord_n prayer_n to_o saint_n or_o offer_v up_o the_o host_n to_o a_o image_n so_o they_o be_v do_v absolute_o to_o god_n and_o only_o relative_o to_o the_o saint_n or_o image_n t._n g._n be_v nettle_v with_o this_o tell_v i_o in_o some_o passion_n that_o i_o can_v no_o where_o contain_v myself_o within_o bound_n of_o mediocrity_n 182._o he_o shall_v see_v i_o can_v by_o not_o follow_v his_o extravagancy_n but_o he_o let_v i_o know_v that_o the_o church_n of_o god_n have_v no_o such_o custom_n i_o do_v not_o ask_v whether_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v any_o such_o custom_n the_o church_n of_o god_n i_o know_v have_v not_o but_o whether_o it_o may_v not_o have_v that_o as_o well_o as_o some_o other_o and_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n of_o relative_n worship_n but_o if_o i_o must_v not_o understand_v this_o till_o i_o become_v a_o proselyte_n i_o hope_v i_o shall_v be_v always_o cntent_v with_o my_o ignorance_n if_o i_o can_v be_v no_o otherwise_o inform_v ib._n i_o be_o not_o sorry_a to_o see_v such_o evidence_n of_o their_o inability_n to_o answer_v who_o make_v such_o put-offs_a have_v thus_o pass_v through_o the_o several_a charge_n draw_v up_o against_o i_o 14._o i_o come_v in_o the_o last_o place_n to_o consider_v his_o parallel_a instance_n by_o which_o he_o hope_v to_o clear_v and_o vindicate_v their_o worship_n of_o image_n to_o his_o first_o about_o the_o chair_n of_o state_n and_o the_o three_o about_o the_o jew_n worship_v towards_o the_o ark_n and_o cherubim_n i_o have_v answer_v already_o the_o five_o belong_v to_o the_o adoration_n of_o the_o host._n there_o remain_v only_o three_o to_o be_v examine_v 1._o the_o reverence_n show_v to_o the_o ground_n by_o moses_n and_o joshua_n 2._o the_o bow_v at_o the_o name_n of_o jesus_n 3._o the_o bow_v towards_o the_o altar_n if_o i_o can_v clear_v these_o from_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n as_o allow_v and_o practise_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n i_o know_v no_o shadow_n of_o difficulty_n which_o remain_v throughout_o his_o book_n 1._o to_o the_o reverence_n show_v to_o the_o holy_a ground_n where_o god_n himself_o appear_v by_o moses_n and_o joshua_n be_v command_v to_o pull_v off_o their_o shoe_n i_o answer_v that_o whatever_o t._n g._n think_v of_o it_o there_o be_v some_o difference_n to_o be_v make_v between_o what_o god_n have_v command_v and_o what_o he_o have_v forbid_v for_o in_o the_o case_n of_o moses_n and_o joshua_n there_o be_v a_o express_a command_n but_o in_o the_o case_n of_o image-worship_n there_o be_v as_o plain_a a_o prohibition_n the_o former_a part_n he_o call_v a_o short_a descant_n on_o the_o former_a erroneous_a ground_n 198._o and_o the_o latter_a a_o note_n above_o ela._n i_o be_o glad_a to_o see_v the_o second_o commandment_n set_v to_o musical_a note_n among_o they_o for_o i_o be_v afraid_a it_o have_v be_v quite_o cast_v out_o of_o their_o church_n 2._o that_o the_o special_a presence_n and_o appearance_n of_o god_n do_v sanctify_v a_o place_n to_o so_o high_a a_o degree_n that_o we_o may_v lawful_o testify_v our_o reverence_n towards_o it_o but_o this_o will_v not_o hold_v for_o image_n unless_o god_n be_v prove_v present_a in_o they_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o he_o appear_v to_o moses_n and_o joshua_n and_o yet_o even_o then_o the_o reverence_n he_o require_v be_v not_o kiss_v it_o or_o bow_v to_o it_o much_o less_o pray_v to_o it_o but_o only_o put_v off_o their_o shoe_n upon_o this_o t._n g._n be_v in_o a_o musical_a vein_n ib._n sing_v his_o io_n paean_n and_o cry_v out_o of_o the_o wonderful_a force_n of_o truth_n that_o after_o long_o stand_v out_o make_v all_o her_o adversary_n submit_v to_o her_o power_n i_o wish_v we_o can_v see_v such_o effect_n of_o the_o power_n of_o truth_n for_o it_o will_v soon_o rid_v we_o of_o many_o fear_n and_o jealousy_n but_o what_o be_v it_o i_o have_v say_v so_o much_o amiss_o to_o gain_v t._n g's_o good_a word_n 199._o enough_o as_o he_o think_v to_o ruin_v our_o own_o cause_n and_o establish_v they_o that_o be_v indeed_o confute_v he_o with_o a_o vengeance_n but_o what_o be_v the_o matter_n wherein_o have_v i_o give_v up_o the_o cause_n i_o yield_v that_o the_o special_a presence_n and_o appearance_n of_o god_n do_v sanctify_v a_o place_n to_o so_o high_a a_o degree_n that_o we_o may_v lawful_o testify_v our_o reverence_n towards_o it_o and_o what_o then_o why_o then_o say_v t._n g._n all_o my_o dart_n which_o i_o have_v so_o spiteful_o throw_v in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o image_n of_o christ_n or_o the_o holy_a trinity_n and_o the_o saint_n recoil_v with_o double_a force_n on_o my_o own_o head_n how_o with_o double_a force_n nay_o how_o do_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o recoil_v at_o all_o for_o 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of_o england_n have_v declare_v to_o be_v her_o sense_n witness_v as_o to_o this_o point_n the_o declaration_n of_o the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n in_o convocation_n when_o in_o time_n of_o divine_a service_n 18._o the_o lord_n jesus_n shall_v be_v mention_v due_a and_o lowly_a reverence_n shall_v be_v do_v by_o all_o person_n present_v as_o have_v be_v accustom_v testify_v by_o these_o outward_a ceremony_n and_o gesture_n their_o inward_a humility_n christian_a resolution_n and_o due_a acknowledgement_n that_o the_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n the_o true_a and_o eternal_a son_n of_o god_n be_v the_o only_a saviour_n of_o the_o world_n be_v this_o bow_n to_o the_o very_a name_n of_o jesus_n and_o worship_v that_o as_o they_o do_v image_n when_o the_o convocation_n declare_v that_o only_a a_o significant_a ceremony_n be_v intend_v by_o it_o archb_a whitgift_n in_o the_o very_a place_n cite_v by_o he_o say_v 3._o that_o the_o christian_n use_v it_o to_o signify_v their_o faith_n in_o 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whittington_n and_o meg_n of_o westminster_n will_v altogether_o serve_v as_o well_o for_o his_o expression_n as_o that_o use_v by_o i_o but_o t._n g._n need_v not_o be_v so_o angry_a at_o my_o mention_v the_o toll_n of_o a_o bell_n when_o he_o remember_v the_o christen_n of_o bell_n among_o they_o and_o what_o mighty_a power_n they_o have_v after_o that_o and_o what_o reverend_a godfather_n they_o have_v and_o what_o saint_n name_n be_v give_v to_o they_o so_o that_o i_o shall_v rather_o have_v think_v he_o will_v have_v draw_v a_o argument_n from_o the_o bell_n than_o have_v be_v so_o disturb_v at_o the_o name_n of_o they_o for_o all_o this_o t._n g._n fancy_v a_o strange_a analogy_n between_o word_n and_o picture_n a_o picture_n be_v a_o word_n to_o the_o eye_n and_o a_o word_n be_v a_o picture_n to_o the_o ear_n which_o sound_v just_a like_o whittington_n to_o my_o ear_n and_o i_o desire_v he_o to_o consider_v that_o suarez_n tell_v we_o 6._o that_o some_o of_o their_o own_o 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so_o it_o be_v say_v of_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n when_o they_o hear_v that_o the_o lord_n intend_v to_o deliver_v they_o out_o of_o egypt_n they_o bow_v their_o head_n and_o worship_v 4.31_o when_o moses_n declare_v the_o institution_n of_o the_o passeover_n to_o all_o the_o elder_n of_o israel_n it_o be_v say_v again_o the_o people_n bow_v their_o head_n and_o worship_v 12.27_o 2._o under_o the_o law_n when_o they_o be_v so_o strict_o forbid_v in_o the_o same_o word_n to_o bow_v down_o or_o worship_v any_o image_n or_o similitude_n yet_o the_o outward_a act_n of_o adoration_n towards_o god_n be_v allow_v and_o practise_v so_o moses_n command_v aaron_n and_o the_o seventy_o elder_n of_o israel_n to_o bow_v themselves_o a_o far_o off_o the_o very_a same_o word_n which_o be_v use_v in_o the_o second_o commandment_n 24.1_o and_o when_o god_n have_v so_o severe_o punish_v the_o israelite_n for_o bow_v to_o the_o golden_a calf_n yet_o when_o he_o appoint_v the_o pillar_n of_o fire_n 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observe_v from_o hence_o be_v that_o even_o under_o the_o gospel_n the_o external_a act_n of_o religious_a adoration_n be_v proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o god_n so_o that_o man_n be_v to_o blame_v when_o they_o give_v they_o to_o any_o creature_n but_o no_o person_n be_v condemn_v for_o give_v they_o to_o god_n and_o i_o desire_v those_o who_o scruple_n the_o lawfulness_n of_o give_v to_o god_n such_o external_a adoration_n under_o the_o gospel_n how_o they_o can_v condemn_v those_o for_o idolatry_n who_o give_v it_o to_o any_o creature_n if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n which_o do_v still_o belong_v to_o god_n but_o if_o all_o the_o scruple_n be_v about_o the_o direct_v this_o adoration_n one_o way_n more_o than_o another_o i_o say_v still_o it_o be_v do_v in_o conformity_n with_o the_o primitive_a church_n as_o our_o canon_n declare_v and_o which_o every_o one_o know_v do_v worship_n towards_o the_o east_n and_o this_o at_o the_o most_o be_v but_o a_o local_a circumstance_n of_o a_o act_n of_o worship_n which_o i_o have_v already_o show_v to_o be_v very_o different_a from_o a_o object_n of_o it_o when_o i_o discourse_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o israelite_n worship_v towards_o the_o ark_n and_o the_o cherubim_n thus_o through_o the_o assistance_n of_o god_n i_o have_v go_v through_o all_o the_o material_a point_n of_o t._n g_n book_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o general_n nature_n of_o idolatry_n and_o have_v diligent_o weigh_v and_o consider_v every_o thing_n that_o look_v like_o a_o difficulty_n in_o this_o controversy_n about_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n and_o do_v here_o sincere_o protest_v that_o i_o have_v not_o give_v any_o answer_n or_o deliver_v any_o opinion_n which_o be_v not_o agreeable_a not_o only_o to_o the_o inward_a sense_n of_o my_o mind_n but_o to_o the_o best_a of_o my_o understanding_n to_o the_o sense_n of_o scripture_n and_o the_o primitive_a church_n and_o the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o if_o the_o subtlety_n of_o t._n g._n can_v have_v satisfy_v i_o or_o any_o other_o argument_n i_o have_v meet_v with_o i_o will_v as_o free_o have_v retract_v this_o charge_n of_o idolatry_n as_o i_o ever_o make_v it_o for_o i_o do_v not_o love_v to_o represent_v other_o worse_o than_o they_o be_v but_o i_o daily_o pray_v to_o god_n to_o make_v both_o myself_o and_o other_o better_a and_o therein_o i_o know_v i_o have_v the_o hearty_a concurrence_n of_o all_o who_o be_v true_o good_n finis_fw-la 2_o cor._n 7.5_o council_n tolet._n 3._o 〈…〉_z marian._n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la hisp._n l._n 5._o c._n 14_o 15._o marian._n l._n 6._o c._n 1._o greg._n registr_n l._n 1._o ep_n 41._o §._o 1._o t._n g._n p._n 203._o p._n 64._o p._n 203._o p._n 39_o p._n 63._o p._n 67._o p._n 99_o p._n 103._o p._n 349._o p._n 348._o p._n 350._o p._n 27._o §._o 2._o act._n 17.23_o v_o 24._o v_o 28._o p._n 348.349.352_o v_o 29._o euseb._n praep._n evang._n l._n 13._o c._n 12._o minuc_fw-la fellix_fw-la in_o octau._n p._n 19_o orig._n c._n cels._n l._n 5._o orig._n c._n cels._n l._n 4._o p._n 196._o ed._n cant._n orig._n c._n cels._n l._n 1._o p._n 19_o etc._n etc._n voss._n de_fw-fr idolol_n l._n 1._o c._n 37._o rom._n 1.18_o v_o 19_o v_o 20._o v_o 21._o v_o 23._o §._o 3._o p._n 37.203_o th._n aquin._n c._n gent._n l._n 1._o c._n 42._o in_o fin_n id._n l._n 3._o c._n 120._o aquin._n sum._n p._n 3._o q._n 25._o art_n 3._o possev_n biblioth_n l._n 9_o c._n 25._o thom._n à _fw-la jesu_fw-la de_fw-fr convers_n gent._n l._n 11._o c._n 2._o cajet_fw-fr in_o th._n p._n 3._o q._n 25._o art_n 3._o in_o aq._n 2.2_o q._n 94._o art_n 4._o mart._n peres_n de_fw-fr divin_fw-fr trad_a part_n 3._o p._n 120._o ferus_fw-la in_o act._n 17._o kirch_n oedip_n aegy._n synt_n 3._o c._n 1._o c._n 2._o petau._n dogm_n the._n to._n 1._o c._n 1._o §._o 9_o max._n tyr._n dissert_v 1_o oros._n l._n 6._o c._n 1._o petau._n l._n 1._o c._n 3._o §._o 3._o aug._n c._n faust._n l._n 20_o c._n 10._o c._n 9_o ph._n faber_n faven_n advers._fw-la atheos_n disp_n 1._o c._n 2._o n._n 27._o raim_n bregan_n theolog_fw-la gentil_n mutius_n pansa_n de_fw-fr osculo_fw-la ethnicae_fw-la &_o christianae_n philoso_n liv._o gallant_a christianae_n philosoph_n cum_fw-la platon_n comparat_fw-la paul_n benii_fw-la eugub_fw-la platon_n &_o aristot_n theolog_fw-la aug._n steuch_n eugub_fw-la de_fw-fr perenni_fw-la philo._n §._o 4._o t._n g._n p._n 350._o justin._n martyr_n paraen_fw-la p._n 4._o ed._n paris_n p._n 6._o p._n 16._o p._n 18._o p._n 19_o p._n 22._o p._n 27._o baron_fw-fr a._n 164._o n._n 14._o euseb._n hist._n l._n 4._o c._n 17_o p._n 44._o p._n 68_o p._n 66._o p._n 57_o p._n 44._o p._n 55._o p._n 44._o p._n 65._o p._n 160._o §._o 5._o jul._n capit._n vit_fw-mi anton._n baron_fw-fr a._n 164._o n._n 7_o 8_o 9_o anton._n l._n 6._o §._o 30._o l._n 2_o 3._o l._n 5.33_o l._n 5.21_o l._n 6.5.42_o l._n 5.32_o l._n 4.40_o l._n 7.9_o l._n 9.4_o §._o 6._o de_fw-fr aruspic_n resp._n c._n 9_o euseb._n chronic._n p._n 118._o varro_n de_fw-fr ling._n lat._n l._n 4._o plutarch_n in_o numa_n dionys._n halicarn_n antiq._n rom._n l._n 2._o liv._o hist._n l._n 1._o c._n 19_o aug._n the_o civ_o dei_fw-la l._n 4._o c._n 31._o dionys._n l._n 3._o tacit._n hist._n l._n 3._o c._n 72._o liv._o l._n 1._o c._n 53._o varro_n de_fw-fr ling._n lat_fw-la l._n 5._o plaut_n capt._n act._n 3._o sc_n 4._o liv._o l._n 2._o senec._n consol_n ad_fw-la marciam_fw-la liv._o l._n 5._o c._n 50._o ovid._n fast._n l._n 2._o cic._n in_o verr._n 4._o c._n 58._o tacit._n hist._n 3.72_o plin._n panegyr_n liv._o l._n 4._o c._n 32._o l._n 21._o c._n 63._o plin._n hist._n l._n 15.30_o sen._n ad_fw-la helu._n c._n 10._o a._n gel._n l._n 7._o c._n 1._o lactant
such_o a_o answer_n for_o then_o all_o the_o folly_n and_o madness_n in_o make_v the_o gross_a image_n of_o god_n do_v not_o lie_v in_o the_o image_n themselves_o but_o in_o the_o imagination_n of_o the_o person_n that_o make_v they_o be_v it_o not_o as_o great_a in_o those_o that_o worship_v they_o with_o such_o a_o imagination_n if_o it_o be_v than_o whatever_o the_o design_n of_o the_o maker_n be_v if_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o beget_v such_o imagination_n in_o those_o who_o see_v and_o worship_v they_o they_o be_v in_o that_o respect_n as_o unlawful_a as_o t._n g._n suppose_v any_o image_n of_o god_n among_o the_o heathen_n to_o have_v be_v 4._o what_o do_v t._n g._n mean_v when_o he_o make_v those_o image_n unlawful_a which_o represent_v the_o divinity_n in_o itself_o and_o not_o those_o which_o represent_v god_n as_o he_o appear_v can_v the_o mere_a essence_n of_o any_o thing_n be_v represent_v by_o a_o image_n be_v it_o possible_a to_o represent_v any_o be_v otherwise_o than_o as_o it_o appear_v but_o it_o may_v be_v t._n g._n have_v find_v out_o the_o way_n of_o paint_v essence_n if_o he_o have_v he_o deserve_v to_o have_v the_o patent_n for_o it_o not_o only_o for_o himself_o but_o for_o his_o heir_n and_o executor_n for_o he_o allow_v it_o to_o be_v the_o peculiar_a privilege_n of_o a_o infinite_a be_v that_o it_o can_v be_v represent_v as_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o then_o all_o other_o thing_n may_v be_v represent_v as_o they_o be_v in_o themselves_o in_o opposition_n to_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o appearance_n or_o else_o the_o distinction_n signify_v nothing_o petrus_n thyraeus_n a_o man_n high_o commend_v by_o possevin_n for_o for_o his_o explication_n of_o this_o matter_n say_v the_o meaning_n be_v that_o a_o image_n do_v not_o represent_v the_o nature_n but_o the_o person_n that_o be_v visible_a 16._o for_o say_v he_o when_o we_o see_v the_o image_n of_o a_o man_n we_o do_v not_o say_v we_o see_v a_o reasonable_a creature_n but_o a_o man._n very_o well_o and_o so_o in_o the_o image_n of_o the_o deity_n we_o do_v not_o see_v the_o divine_a nature_n but_o the_o divine_a person_n or_o in_o such_o a_o way_n as_o he_o become_v visible_a the_o invisible_a nature_n of_o god_n can_v be_v represent_v in_o a_o image_n and_o can_v the_o invisible_a nature_n of_o man_n therefore_o say_v he_o it_o be_v no_o injury_n to_o god_n to_o be_v paint_v by_o a_o image_n no_o more_o upon_o these_o principle_n than_o to_o a_o man_n bellarmin_n prove_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o make_v image_n of_o god_n because_o man_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o image_n of_o god_n 8._o and_o he_o may_v be_v paint_v therefore_o the_o image_n of_o god_n may_v be_v too_o for_o that_o which_o be_v the_o image_n of_o the_o image_n be_v likewise_o the_o image_n of_o the_o exemplar_n those_o which_o agree_v in_o a_o three_o agree_v among_o themselves_o to_o this_o some_o answer_v that_o man_n be_v not_o the_o image_n of_o god_n as_o to_o his_o body_n but_o as_o to_o his_o soul_n which_o can_v not_o be_v paint_v but_o bellarmin_n take_v off_o this_o answer_n by_o say_v that_o then_o a_o man_n can_v not_o not_o be_v paint_v for_o he_o be_v not_o a_o man_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o outward_a lineament_n but_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o substance_n and_o especial_o his_o soul_n but_o notwithstanding_o the_o soul_n can_v be_v paint_v yet_o a_o man_n may_v true_o and_o proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v paint_v because_o the_o figure_n and_o colour_n of_o a_o image_n do_v represent_v the_o whole_a man_n otherwise_o say_v he_o a_o thing_n paint_v can_v never_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o true_a thing_n as_o zeuxis_n his_o grape_n do_v which_o deceive_v the_o bird_n therefore_o according_a to_o bellarmine_n reason_n that_o which_o represent_v a_o be_v according_a to_o outward_a appearance_n although_o it_o have_v a_o invisible_a nature_n yet_o be_v a_o true_a and_o real_a representation_n and_o represent_v it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o and_o as_o far_o as_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o a_o image_n to_o represent_v any_o thing_n wherein_o then_o lie_v the_o difference_n between_o make_v the_o picture_n of_o a_o man_n and_o the_o image_n of_o god_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o image_n of_o god_n be_v very_o short_a imperfect_a and_o obscure_a be_v not_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o be_v say_v of_o the_o picture_n of_o a_o man_n which_o can_v only_o represent_v his_o outward_a feature_n without_o any_o description_n of_o his_o inward_a substance_n or_o soul_n if_o it_o be_v far_o say_v that_o there_o be_v a_o real_a resemblance_n between_o a_o picture_n of_o a_o man_n and_o his_o outward_a lineament_n but_o there_o be_v none_o between_o god_n and_o the_o image_n of_o a_o man_n then_o i_o ask_v what_o beauty_n argument_n do_v signify_v towards_o the_o prove_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o make_v a_o image_n of_o god_n for_o if_o god_n may_v be_v paint_v because_o man_n may_v who_o be_v the_o image_n of_o god_n for_o the_o image_n of_o the_o image_n be_v the_o image_n of_o the_o exemplar_n then_o it_o follow_v that_o man_n be_v the_o image_n of_o god_n as_o he_o may_v be_v paint_v and_o so_o god_n and_o man_n must_v agree_v in_o that_o common_a thing_n which_o be_v a_o capacity_n of_o be_v represent_v which_o can_v be_v suppose_v without_o as_o real_a a_o resemblance_n between_o god_n and_o his_o image_n as_o between_o a_o man_n and_o his_o picture_n but_o t._n g._n tell_v we_o 69._o that_o they_o abhor_v the_o very_a thought_n of_o make_v any_o such_o likeness_n of_o god_n and_o all_o that_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n allow_v be_v only_a make_v representation_n of_o some_o apparition_n or_o action_n of_o god_n in_o a_o way_n proportionable_a to_o our_o humane_a conception_n i_o answer_v 1._o it_o be_v no_o great_a sign_n of_o their_o abhor_v the_o thought_n of_o any_o such_o likeness_n of_o god_n to_o see_v such_o argument_n make_v use_v of_o to_o prove_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o make_v image_n of_o god_n which_o do_v imply_v it_o 2._o those_o image_n of_o god_n which_o be_v the_o most_o use_v and_o allow_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n have_v be_v think_v by_o wise_a man_n of_o their_o own_o church_n to_o imply_v such_o a_o likeness_n molanus_n and_o thyraeus_n mention_v four_o sort_n of_o image_n of_o the_o trinity_n 16._o that_o have_v be_v use_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n 1._o that_o of_o a_o old_a man_n for_o god_n the_o father_n and_o of_o christ_n in_o humane_a nature_n and_o of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o dove_n 2._o that_o of_o three_o person_n of_o equal_a age_n and_o stature_n 3._o that_o of_o a_o image_n of_o the_o bl._n virgin_n in_o the_o belly_n of_o which_o be_v represent_v the_o holy_a trinity_n this_o joh._n gerson_n say_v 620._o he_o see_v in_o the_o carmelites_n church_n and_o say_v there_o be_v other_o like_o it_o and_o molanus_n say_v he_o have_v see_v such_o a_o one_o himself_o among_o the_o carthusian_n 4._o that_o of_o one_o head_n with_o three_o face_n or_o one_o body_n and_o three_o head_n which_o molanus_n say_v be_v much_o more_o common_a than_o the_o other_o and_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v set_v before_o the_o office_n of_o the_o holy_a trinity_n these_o two_o latter_a those_o author_n do_v not_o allow_v because_o the_o former_a of_o they_o tend_v to_o a_o dangerous_a error_n viz._n that_o the_o whole_a trinity_n be_v incarnate_a of_o the_o b._n virgin_n and_o the_o latter_a molanus_n say_v be_v a_o invention_n of_o the_o devil_n it_o seem_v then_o there_o be_v one_o invention_n of_o the_o devil_n at_o least_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o masse-book_n for_o say_v he_o the_o devil_n once_o appear_v with_o three_o head_n to_o a_o monk_n tell_v he_o he_o be_v the_o trinity_n but_o the_o two_o former_a they_o allow_v and_o defend_v waldensis_n 155._o say_v molanus_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o learning_n defend_v that_o of_o the_o three_o person_n from_o the_o appearance_n of_o the_o three_o to_o abraham_n and_o thyraeus_n justify_v the_o first_o and_o the_o most_o common_a from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o church_n the_o consent_n of_o father_n and_o the_o h._n scripture_n and_o yet_o pope_n john_n 22._o as_o aventinus_n relate_v it_o 751._o condemn_v some_o to_o the_o fire_n as_o anthropomorphites_n and_o enemy_n to_o religion_n for_o make_v the_o very_a same_o representation_n of_o the_o trinity_n which_o he_o defend_v be_v only_o of_o god_n as_o a_o old_a man_n and_o of_o the_o son_n as_o a_o young_a man_n and_o of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n under_o the_o picture_n of_o a_o dove_n ysambertus_n take_v notice_n of_o this_o story_n 7._o but_o he_o say_v they_o be_v such_o image_n as_o be_v according_a to_o
the_o mind_n of_o the_o anthropomorphites_n whereas_o aventinus_n say_v express_o they_o be_v no_o other_o than_o such_o as_o be_v use_v and_o allow_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n by_o which_o ysambertus_n say_v there_o be_v no_o more_o danger_n of_o man_n be_v lead_v into_o a_o false_a opinion_n of_o god_n than_o there_o be_v by_o the_o expression_n of_o scripture_n and_o upon_o this_o ground_n the_o danger_n do_v not_o lie_v in_o make_v any_o representation_n of_o god_n but_o in_o entertain_v a_o false_a opinion_n of_o those_o representation_n and_o the_o scripture_n instead_o of_o forbid_v man_n to_o make_v any_o similitude_n of_o god_n shall_v only_o have_v forbid_v man_n to_o entertain_v any_o erroneous_a conceit_n of_o any_o image_n of_o he_o but_o if_o the_o church_n take_v care_n to_o prevent_v such_o a_o opinion_n as_o he_o say_v she_o do_v the_o other_o image_n with_o three_o face_n and_o one_o head_n or_o one_o body_n and_o three_o head_n may_v be_v justify_v on_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o the_o other_o be_v whereas_o the_o roman_a catechism_n say_v 12._o that_o moses_n do_v therefore_o wise_o say_v that_o they_o see_v no_o similitude_n of_o god_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v lead_v aside_o by_o error_n and_o make_v a_o image_n of_o the_o divinity_n and_o give_v the_o honour_n due_a to_o god_n to_o a_o creature_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o all_o image_n that_o tend_v to_o such_o a_o error_n be_v forbid_v and_o all_o worship_n give_v to_o such_o image_n be_v idolatry_n and_o it_o be_v far_a observable_a that_o the_o image_n allow_v in_o the_o roman_a church_n for_o god_n the_o father_n be_v just_a such_o a_o one_o as_o s._n augustin_n say_v 7._o it_o be_v wickedness_n for_o christian_n to_o make_v for_o god_n and_o to_o place_n in_o a_o temple_n and_o i_o will_v desire_v of_o t._n g._n to_o tell_v i_o what_o other_o image_n of_o god_n the_o great_a anthropomorphites_n will_v make_v than_o that_o which_o be_v most_o common_a among_o they_o and_o if_o there_o be_v such_o danger_n in_o man_n conception_n of_o a_o deity_n from_o any_o image_n of_o god_n they_o give_v as_o much_o occasion_n for_o it_o as_o ever_o any_o people_n do_v so_o much_o that_o all_o man_n of_o any_o ingenuity_n have_v cry_v shame_n upon_o they_o but_o to_o very_o little_a purpose_n abulensis_n durandus_fw-la and_o peresius_n be_v cite_v by_o bellarmin_n himself_o as_o condemn_v any_o image_n of_o god_n and_o which_o be_v observable_a they_o do_v not_o condemn_v such_o image_n as_o represent_v god_n in_o himself_o as_o t._n g._n speak_v but_o such_o as_o be_v in_o use_n in_o the_o roman_a church_n durandus_fw-la say_v 15._o it_o be_v a_o foolish_a thing_n either_o to_o make_v or_o to_o worship_v such_o image_n viz._n of_o the_o father_n son_n and_o holy_a ghost_n after_o the_o former_a manner_n and_o which_o be_v yet_o more_o he_o quote_v damascen_n against_o this_o sort_n of_o image_n say_v that_o it_o be_v impiety_n and_o madness_n to_o make_v they_o and_o so_o do_v peresius_n too_o colon._n thuanus_n mention_n this_o passage_n relate_v to_o this_o matter_n 28._o that_o a._n d._n 1562._o the_o queen_n mother_n of_o france_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o two_o bishop_n and_o these_o three_o divine_n butillerius_fw-la espencaeus_fw-la and_o picherellus_n declare_v that_o all_o image_n of_o the_o trinity_n shall_v be_v take_v out_o of_o church_n and_o other_o place_n as_o forbid_v by_o scripture_n council_n and_o father_n and_o yet_o these_o be_v such_o image_n which_o t.g._n plead_v for_o but_o this_o soon_o come_v to_o nothing_o as_o all_o good_a purpose_n of_o reformation_n among_o they_o have_v ever_o do_v if_o it_o be_v say_v as_o it_o be_v by_o ysambertus_n 4._o that_o these_o be_v not_o proper_o image_n of_o god_n but_o of_o his_o appearance_n in_o a_o visible_a form_n i_o answer_v 1._o this_o do_v not_o mend_v the_o matter_n for_o we_o be_v speak_v of_o a_o image_n of_o the_o father_n as_o a_o person_n in_o the_o trinity_n 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