Selected quad for the lemma: christian_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
christian_n	day_n	sabbath_n	sunday_n	1,780	5	11.2140	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16282	The manners, lauues, and customes of all nations collected out of the best vvriters by Ioannes Boemus ... ; with many other things of the same argument, gathered out of the historie of Nicholas Damascen ; the like also out of the history of America, or Brasill, written by Iohn Lerius ; the faith, religion and manners of the Aethiopians, and the deploration of the people of Lappia, compiled by Damianus a ̀Goes ; with a short discourse of the Aethiopians, taken out of Ioseph Scaliger his seuenth booke de emendatione temporum ; written in Latin, and now newly translated into English, by Ed. Aston.; Omnium gentium mores, leges, et ritus. English. 1611	Boemus, Joannes, ca. 1485-1535.; Góis, Damião de, 1502-1574.; Nicolaus, of Damascus.; Léry, Jean de, 1534-1611. Histoire d'un voyage fait en la terre du Brésil.; Scaliger, Joseph Juste, 1540-1609. De emendatione temporum.; Aston, Edward, b. 1573 or 4.	1611 (1611)	STC 3198.5; ESTC S102777	343,933	572

with great honor and religion it would seeme to be done directly against the will and commandement of him who had rather that heauen and earth should perish then his word especially seeing Christ himselfe came not to destroy the law but to fulfill it wherfore we obserue that day not in imitation of the Iewes but at the bidding of our Lord Iesus Christ his holy Apostles the grace of which Iewes is translated vnto vs Christians And vpon this sabbath day Lent excepted wee euer eate flesh which vse is not obserued in the kingdome of Bernagues and Tygri Mahon the naturall people of which two kingdomes by an ancient custome eat flesh vpon the sabbath daies and Sundaies in Lent now wee celebrate the Lords day as other Christians do in memory of Christs resurrection but we know that the Sabbath day is to be obserued and kept holy by the books of the law and not by the Gospell and yet notwithstanding we be not ignorant that the Gospel is the end of the Law and of the Prophets And vpon these two daies we beleeue that the soules of the godly departed which remaine in Purgatorie bee not there tormented which rest God hath granted vnto those soules vpon these most holy daies vntill the end of their punishments due for their offences in this world being determined they be deliuered thence for the diminishing of which paines and to extenuate shorten the time of their punishments we beleeue that almes deedes done for the dead be very profitable vnto those souls which liue in purgatory To the remission of which soules the Patriarke giueth no Indulgence for that we beleeue doth belong vnto God only and to the constitution of the time of their punishment neither doth the Patriark allow any daies for Indulgēces By the reading of the Gospel we be only bound to keep 6. precepts which Christ explaned with his owne mouth I was an hungred saith he and you gaue me to eate I was thirstie and you gaue me to drink I was a stranger you tooke me in naked and you clothed me sicke and you visited me I was in prison and you came vnto me Which words Christ will onely pronounce in the day of Iudgement because the law as Paul witnesseth sheweth vnto vs our sins which law Christ Iesus excepted no one can keepe And Paul also saith that we be all borne in sinne for the transgression of our mother Eua and for her curse and malediction and the same Paul further saith that wee die through Adam and liue through Christ which Christ of his aboundant mercy hath giuē vnto vs these six precepts to the end that we might be saued when hee shall come in his Maiesty to Iudge both the quick the dead by which words and commandements in that fearefull and terrible day of Iudgment hee will pronounce and shew vnto the good euerlasting glory and to the wicked fire and eternall damnation And wee reckon but only fiue deadly sinnes as they terme them which wee gather out of the last Chapter of the Reuelation where it is sayd For without shal be dogs and inchanters and whoremongers and murtherers and idolaters and whosoeuer loueth or maketh lies It is ordained by the holy Apostles in their bookes of councels that it is lawful for the Clergy to mary after they haue attained to some knowledge in diuinity and being once maried they be receiued into the order of priests into the which order none is admitted before hee accomplish the age of 30. yeeres neithey bee any bastards by any meanes allowed to enter into that most holy order these orders be giuen by no other but by the Patriarch onely where the first wife of a Bishop or Clercke or Deacon is dead it is not lawful for them to mary an other vnlesse the Patriarch dispence therewith which sometimes for a publike good is granted to great men nor is it lawful for them to keepe a concubine vnlesse they wil refuse and put themselues frō saying seruice which if they once do they may neuer after meddle in ministring diuine matters and this is obserued so strictly that those priests which haue beene twise married dare neuer take in their hands so much as a candle that is consecrated to the Church and if any Bishop or Deacon be found to haue any bastard child hee is depriued from all his benefices and from his holy orders his gods if he decease without lawful heires come vnto Prestor Iohn and not to the Patriarch and the warrant that we haue that our priests may marry is taken out of Saint Paul who had rather that both Clergy and Laity should marry then burne And he also saith that a bishop ought to be the husband of one wife and that he should be sober and irreprehensible and in like manner would he haue Deacons and further that Ecclesiasticall persons should haue their proper wiues by lawfull marriage euen as secular people haue but Munckes mary not at all and both Lay men and Clergy haue but one wife a peece and matrimony is not contracted before the gates of the holy Church but in the priuate houses of those that beare most sway at the bridall wee haue haue also receiued from the ordinance of the Apostles that if a priest bee found in addultery or committing manslaughter or theft or bearing false witnesse he shal be depriued and put from his holy orders and punished like other malefactors againe by the institution of those Apostles if any person either Ecclesiastical or Lay doe lie with his wife or bee polluted in sleepe hee commeth not into the Church for the space of foure and twenty houres after nor is it lawfull for menstruous women to come into the Church vnlesse vpon the seuenth day after their sicknesse and then to haue all their garments throughly washed which they wore during the time of their monthly disease and they themselues purged from all filth A woman also that bringeth forth a man child must not come into the Church till after the fortith day and if she brought forth a woman child then shee must not come into the Church till after the eighteeth day This is our custome founded vpon the ancient law and also vpon the Apostolicke law which lawes ordinances and precepts wee obserue as diligently in al points as possible may bee Moreouer we bee prohibited that neither swine nor dogs nor other such beasts shall enter into our Churches Also wee may not goe to the Church but bare footed neither is it lawfull for vs to laugh walke or talke of prophane matters in the Church nor once there to spit hawke or him because the Churches of Aethiopia bee not like vnto that land where the people of Israell did eate the Paschall lambe departing from Egipt in which place God commanded them to eate it with their shooes on and girded with their girdles by reason of the pollution of the earth but they bee like vnto Mount

this manner First they make two fires three paces distant one from another betwixt which they fasten two forkes or iauelins vpright in the ground by each fire one then drawing a cord from the one fire to the other they carry forth through the middle of the iauelins as it were through a gate all things which are to be purified two women to whome the businesse is committed standing vpon the other side one ouer against an other casting water vpon the stuffe and muttering out certaine verses to themselues No stranger is admitted into the kings presence of what estate or dignity soeuer he be and be his businesse of neuer so much importance vnlesse he bee first purified he that spurneth with his foote at the threshould of the pauillion wherein the Emperor or any Prince dwelleth is slaine in the very place moreouer if any one bite a bit of any thing which he cannot swallow downe but is forced to vomit it vp againe all the people fall vpon him and digging a hole vnder his pauillion drag him through it and so kill him most cruelly there bee many other such friuolous things which they account as sins that cannot bee purged or appeased but to kill a man to enter vpon another mans possession to take other mens goods violently without right or equity and to neglect the commandements of God they account as little or no offences They beleeue that after this life they shall liue eternally in an other world but what that world is they cannot describe and that they shall there be rewarded according to their merits When any one is sick and draweth neere vnto death they set a speare at the tent doore wherein hee lyeth with a black cloth at the end of it to the end that those which passe by seeing it may forbeare to enter in and no one dare come in though hee be called if he see the speare but when the sick person is dead all his family meeting together carry the coarse priuily out of the tent into a place chosen before for the purpose where is made a great large pit in which pit they build a little pauillion and set in it a table furnished with diuerse dishes of meate then setting thereat the dead corps attired with rich and gorgious garments they forthwith couer them altogether with earth he hath also one labouring beast and one trapped horse buried with him The great men choose out one seruant in their life time vpon whom they set their owne marke with a marking yron to bee intombed with him when hee is dead and this they doe that they may make vse of them in an other world After all this the mans friends that is dead take an other horse and killing him and eating his flesh and then filling the hide full of haye and sowing it vp againe they set it vpon foure stakes vpon the topp of the Sepulcher to shew that there the dead man lyeth which done the women burne the horses bones for the expiation of the dead mans ghost But the richer sort cut the horse hide into slender thongs and extending them in length measure out there-with a circuite of ground round about their dead friends Sepulcher beleeuing that the dead man shall obtaine so much ground in an other world as by his friends shall bee measured out vnto him with those thongs all these ceremonies performed vpon the thirtith day they leaue of their mourning There be some Tartarians which be a kind of Christians but very bad ones and these to hasten their fathers deaths when they waxe old cram and feed them with fat meate and when they be dead burne them and gathering vp the ashes as cleane as they can esteeme them as a very precious relicke seasoning their meate daily therewith Now with what pompe and iollity the Tartarians after the death of their King elect and appoint another in his roome because it is ouer-troublesome to be writ at large and perhaps as tedious to be read I will vnfold in few words the Princes Dukes Barons and all the people of the kingdom assembling themselues together in a place in the open fields fitte and accustomed for that purpose place him to whom the kindome is due either by succession or election in a throne of gold and all of them prostrating themselues before him cry out with a lowd voice and with one consent in this maner We wish will and command thee to be our gouernor to whom hee answereth If you will haue it so I must needs be content but then be you ready to do what euer I command to come when I call you to goe whether I send you and who euer I bid to be slaine to do it without feare and to giue and commit all the whole kingdome into my hands and when they haue answered we are ready and willing he saith againe vnto them you shall hereafter stand in as much awe of my word as of my sword at which speach the people giue a great applause then the Princes taking him from his Kingly throne and causing him to sitt downe humbly vpon a cloth laid vpon the ground say thus vnto him looke vpwards towards heauen and acknowledge God and behold downwards the cloath whereon thou sittest if thou gouerne well thou shalt haue all things according to thine owne desire but on the other side if thou rule naughtily thou shalt bee so humbled and spoiled of all thou hast as thou shalt not haue left thee so much as this little cloth whereon thou sittest which said they giue vnto him that wife which he loueth best and lifting them vp both together vpon the cloth salute him as Emperour of all the Tartarians and she as Empresse then is hee forthwith presented with gifts from all people ouer whom hee is Emperour and all those things which the dead King lest behind him be brought vnto him likewise of which the new Emperor giueth vnto each Prince some and commandeth the rest to bee kept for himselfe which done hee dissolueth the company all things be in the Kings hands and power no man can or dare say this is mine or that is his nor no one may dwell in any part of his dominion but where hee is assigned the Emperor himselfe distributeth a proportion of land to the Dukes the Dukes to those which bee Captaines of thousands the Captaines of thousands to the gouernors of hundreds the gouernors of hundreds to the rulers of ten and the rulers of ten distribute to all the rest The seale which the King vseth hath this inscription Deus in coelo Chuichuth Cham in terra the strength of God and Emperor of all men He hath fiue very strong and puissant armies fiue Dukes by whom he maketh warr with all that refist him hee neuer speaketh with the Legats or embassadors of other nations nor admitteth them into his presence vnlesse both they their gifts for without gifts they dare not come be first purged

twy-light Mattins in the morning and their houres at the first third sixt and ninth houre of the day and that all this if it be possible should be done in the Church humbly kneeling or standing before the Altar with their faces towards the East The Lords prayer and the Apostles Creed were then vsed to be sayd as they are now at this day Saint Hierome at the instance of Pope Damasus distributed and digested the Psalmes by the dayes assigning to euery houre his proper Psalmes and their number as nine at nocturns vpon holy dayes and 12. vpon working daies for the laudes at Mattins fiue fiue at euen-song and at all other houres three and it was chiefly he that disposed and set in order the Gospels Epistles all other things which as yet be read out of the old new Testament sauing only the hymnes Damasus diuiding the Quire of singing men into two parts appointed them to sing in course the Anthemes written by S. Ambrose Bishop of Millaine added Gloria Patri to the end of euery Antheme The Toletan Agathon Councels allowed the lessons hymnes which be read before euery houre The prayers grails tracts alleluias offertories communions in the Masse anthems versicles tropes and other things sung and read to the honor of God in the office of the Masse as well for the day as night were penned by S. Gregory Gelasius Ambros and diuers others of the holy Fathers not all at once but at diuers times The Masse for so is that sacrifice called was celebrated at the first in that simple furniture and plaine manner as it is now vsed vpon Easter Eue. Pope Celestinus added the Priests manner of entrance to the altar the Gloria in excelsis was annexed by Telesphorus the hymne which begins et in terra was composed by Hillarie Bishop of Poictiers and was afterwards by Symachus ordained to be sung The salutations taken out of the booke of Ruth which the priest pronounceth 7. times in the Masse by saying Dominus vobiscum were appointed by Clement Anacletus Gelasius disposed the rest to the offertory in the Order they be now vsed except the Sequentiae which are said after the Masse and these Nicholas added the Apostles Creed which Damasus annexed vnto them out of the Constantinopolitan councell The Sermon which is preached to the people by the priest or deacon standing in a pulpit vppon holy-daies was rather vsed by tradition after the examples of Nehemias or Esdras then instituted by any other in which Sermon the people that be present at Masse bee admonished to communicate as in duty they are bound and that they should imbrace mutual loue that they should be purged from their sins not be polluted with vices when they receiue the Sacrament of the altar and for that cause he concludeth his Sermon with the publike confession of sinners he declareth moreouer vnto them the contents of the old and new Testament and putteth them in mind of the ten Commandements the twelue Articles of our beleefe the seuen Sacraments of the Church the liues and Martyrdomes of Saints the holy-holy-dayes and fasting daies instituted and ordained by the Church the vices and vertues and all other things necessarie for a Christian to know Pope Gregory added the Offertory to the Masse and Leo the Prefaces Gelasius and Sixtus the greater and lesser Canons and Gregory the Lords prayer out of the Gospell of Saint Mathew Martial Saint Peters Disciple instituted that Bishoppes should giue the benediction and Innocentius that inferior Priests should offer the Pax Agnus Dei was adioyned by Sergius the Communion by Gregorie and the Conclusion in these wordes Ite missa est Benedicamus Domino or Deo gratias was inuented by Pope Leo. The twelue Articles of our Faith which the holy Apostles haue commanded euery one not onely to acknowledge but most constantly to beleeue be these following The first that there is one God in Trinitie the Father Almightie Maker of heauen and earth the second That Iesus Christ is his onely begotten Sonne our Lord the third that he was conceiued of the holy Ghost borne of the Virgin Mary the fourth that he suffered vnder Pontius Pilate was crucified dead and buried the fift that he descended into hell and the third day rose againe from the dead the sixt that he ascended into heauen and that there hee sitteth on the right hand of God the Father Almighty the seuenth that he shall come againe in glorie to iudge both the quicke and the dead the eight that there is a holy Ghost the ninth that there is a holy Catholike Church the tenth that there is a Communion of Saints and remission of sinnes the eleuenth that there is a resurrection of the flesh and the twelfth that there is an eternall life after death in another world The tenne Commandements which were written with the finger of God and deliuered by the hands of his seruant Moses to the people of Israel and which he willed vs to obserue and keepe be these following The first to beleeue that there is one God the second not to take the name of God in vaine the third to keepe holy the Sabbath day the fourth to honour our fathers and betters the fift to do no murther the sixt not to commit adulterie the seuenth not to steale the eighth not to beare false witnesse the ninth not to couet other mens goods and the tenth not to desire another mans wife nor any thing that is his The seuen Sacraments of the Church which bee included in the last fiue Articles of our faith and which the holy Fathers haue commanded vs to beleeue be these following First Baptisme and this Sacrament heretofore as it was established by a canonicall sanction was not ministred vnto any vnlesse vpon very vrgent necessitie but vnto such as were afore-hand well instructed in the faith and sufficiently catechised and examined thereof seuen sundrie times to wit vpon certaine dayes in Lent and vppon the vigils of Easter and Penticost beeing the vsuall times for consecration in all Parishes But this Sacrament beeing aboue all the rest most necessarie vnto saluation and least any one should depart out of this life without the benefit thereof it was ordained that as soon as an infant was borne he should haue God-fathers procured for him to be his witnesses or sureties and that then the child beeing brought by his God-fathers before the church doore the Priest standing there for the purpose should demand of the child before he dippe him in the holy Font whether he will forsake the Diuell and all his pompes and whether he stedfastly beleeue all the Articles of the Christian faith and the God-fathers affirming on his behalfe the Priest bloweth three times in the Infants face and when he hath exorcized and catechized him he doth these seuen things in order vnto the child first he putteth hallowed salt into his mouth secondly hee annointeth his eyes eares and

yet of that validity estimation as the people of euery village yeeld there obedience to their parish Priest the parish Priest to the Deane the Deane to the Bishop the Bishop to the Archbishop the Archbishop to the Primate or Patriarch the primate or Patriarch to the Legate the Legate to the Pope the Pope to general councels and general councels only vnto God 4 The fourth Sacrament is the most holsome Sacramēt of the body bloud of our Lord Sauiour Iesus Christ euery priest that is duly called ordained according to the rules of the Church and intendeth to consecrate may by obseruing the vsual forme of words vsed in the consecration make the true body of Christ of a peece of wheaten bread and of wine his right and perfect bloud And this Sacrament the same Lord Iesus Christ in the night before he suffered his bitter passion did celebrate with his disciples consecrating it and ordaining that it should euer after be celebrated and eaten in remembrance of him It behoueth euery one that receiueth this Sacrament to bee strong in faith that he may beleeue and credit these thirteene things following First that he beleeue the transmutation or transubstantiation of the bread and wine into the body and bloud of Christ Secondly that though this be done euery day yet is not the body of Christ thereby augmented Thirdly that the body of Christ is not diminished though it be eatē euery day Fourthly that though this Sacrament be deuided into many parts that yet the whole and intire body of Christ remaineth in euery little particle Fiftly that though it be eaten of wicked malicious men yet is not the Sacrament thereby defiled Sixtly that to those which receiue it worthily as they ought it bringeth saluation eternal damnation to those which receiue it vnworthily Seuenthly that when it is eaten it conuerteth not into the nature property of him that eateth it as other meate doth but rather conuerteth the eater into the nature of the Sacrament rightly that being eaten it is taken vp into heauen without hurt Ninthly that in euery little forme of bread and wine is comprehended the great and incomprehensible God and Man Christ Iesus Tenthly that one and the same body of Christ is receiued and taken at one moment in diuers places of diuers men and vnder a diuers forme Eleuenthly that the substance of the bread being turned into the true body of Christ and the substance of the wine into his bloud the natural accidents of bread and wine doe yet remaine and that they are not receiued in forme of flesh and bloud Twelfthly that vnto those that eate it worthily it bringeth twelue great commodities which are expressed in these verses following Inflammat memorat substentat roborat auget Hostin spem purgat reficit vitam dat vnit Confirmat fidem minuit fomitemque remittit The effect whereof is that the hoast inflameth remembreth sustaineth strengthneth and augmenteth our hope It purgeth refresheth quickneth and vniteth It confirmeth our faith and mitigateth and vtterly quencheth in vs all concupiscence Lastly that it is wonderfull good and profitable for all those for whom the priest specially offereth it as a sacrifice be they liuing or dead and that therefore it is called the communion or Sacrament of the Eucharist In the beginning of Christian religion yet in some places there was consecrated at one time such a loafe of bread as being afterwards cut into small mamocks by the priest and laid vpon a sawcer or plate might well serue all the communicants that were present at the sacrifice and at that time did Christians communicate thereof dayly And afterwards they were limitted to receiue it only vpon sundaies but when the Church perceiued that this sacrament was not taken euery sunday so worthily and with such due obseruation as was sitting it was ordained that euery Christian man of perfect reason vnderstanding should with all diligence he could and with his best preparation both of body and soule receiue the same thrice a yeere or at the least euery yeere once at Easter as also when hee found himselfe in any danger of death as a ready preparatiue against al perils by which name it is often called 5 Matrimony which is a lawfull coniunction of man and wife instituted and ordained by the law of God the law of nature the law of nations is the fift Sacrament and the holy fathers in Christian piety haue commanded that but one marriage shall be solemnized at one time and that it shal not be done in secret but publikely either in the Church or Church-porch but most commonly in the Church-porch where the priest meeting the parties that are to be married first asketh of the man and then of the woman whether they be willing to be contracted who answering that they are content and agreed which is a thing most necessary in that Sacrament he taketh them by the right hands ioyning them togither in the name of the blessed and indeuided trinity in vnity the Father Sonne and holy Ghost hee admonisheth and exhorteth them that being euer mindefull of this vnion and holy communion they neuer after forsake one an other but to liue in mutual loue honor and obedience one to an other that they should not desire one an others company for lust but for procreation of children and that they should bring vp their children honestly carefully and in the feare of God this done he marrieth them with the ring and sprinkleth holy water on them and then putting on his stole which is thither brought him he leadeth them into the church and causing them to kneele humbly before the Altar there blesseth them if they were not blessed before the woman when she is married hath her haire tied vp with a red fillet or headband and a white veile ouer it without which veile or head couer it is neuer lawful for her after that time to goe abroad or to be in the company of men There be twelue impediments that hinder marriage before it be solemnized and dissolue it after it is contracted that is to say the error or mistaking of either party the breach of some condition kindred a manifest offence disparity of religion violence or forcible rauishment from their parents holy orders breach of reputation publike defamation affinity and dissability to performe the act of matrimony 6 The sixt Sacrament of the church is penance which is giuen by Christ as a second repaire of our shipwrake and euery Christian man is bound vndoubtedly to belceue that this Sacrament consisteth of these foure things to wit repentance for sins past cannonical confession absolution and satisfaction for he that will be partaker of this Sacrament must first of al repent be sorrowful in his very soule that through his grieuous and heinous sins hee hath lost that purity and innocency which he once had either by the Sacrament of Baptisme or by this Sacramēt formerly

of the same month to the Euangelist Saint Iohn the next day before Saint Iohns day is dedicated to Saint Seeuen the first Martir and the next after to the blessed Innocents the tenth of August to Saint Lawrence the twenty three of Aprill to Saint George To Saint Martin and S. Nicholas onely of all the confessors are dedicated particular feasts to the one the sixt of December to the other the eleuenth of Nouember the twenty fiue of nouember to Saint Katherne the Virgin and to Saint Mary-Magdalen the second of Iuly They haue likewise appoynted one day to be kept Holy and dedicated to all the blessed Angells in the name of Saint Michells feast the Arch-Angell and the first of Nouember as a generall feast and common solemnity to all the Saints and elect of God Furthermore vpon euery seuenth day called by the name of Sunday they haue commanded all Christians as the Iewes did on their Sabboth to abstaine from all seruile labours which day they must onely spend in the seruice of God and hearing of Masse in the Church to heare the Gospell and precepts of faith explained and taught by the Priests in their Sermons and to pray and make satisfaction to God for all such offences whereby wee haue cause to feare that wee haue in the other sixe dayes any way prouooked the wrath of God towards vs. In times past euery fift day was in this manner kept holy but least wee should seeme to leane vnto the custome of Idolaters who on that day did sacrifice to Iupiter it was otherwise determined Moreouer the Priests and people did vse euery Sunday and Thursday before Masse to goe on procession about the Church and then the Priests sprinckled holy water vpon the people and this ceremony did Pope Agapite institute in remembrance of the Ascention of Christ in that glorious day of his resurrection which is celebrated with a perpetuall festiuitie Sunday after Sunday as it were by so many Octaues all the yeare about All the Cleargie and people by the institutions of the Church were wont to watch all those nights which went before the principall solemne feasts but in respect of sundry enormous scandalls and crimes committed in the darke by lewde people vnder pretext of watching that vse was taken away and prohibited and insteed thereof the day immediatly before euery such solemne feast was commanded to bee fasted which fasting dayes doe yet retaine the name of Vigils The ancient Fathers haue determined that the Church shall represent vnto vs foure things in her yearly seruice from Septuagesima sunday so called of the seauenty dayes included between that Easter the Church representeth vnto vs the fast of our Lord Iesus Christ his passion death and buriall and besides these the miserable fall of our forefathers as also those grosse errors of mankinde through which being drawne from the knowledge and worship of the true God they haue fallen to the prophane worship of Idols and malicious diuels together with the slauish and intollerable seruitude which the people of Israel were subiect vnto vnder Pharoa King of Egipt for which cause the bookes of Exodus and Genesis are read in the seruice of the Church which all that time weareth a mourning habite both in her seruice and ceremonies from the Octaues of Easter till the Octaues of Whitsuntide the Church celebrateth the Refurrection and Ascention of Christ and the comming of the Holy Ghost and withall the redemption and reconciliation of mankind to God the Father by his sonne Christ of all which the Reduction of the children of Israell to the land of Promise was a figure wherfore the bookes of the New Testament are then read and all things expresse mirth and reioycing From the Octaues of Whitsunday till Aduent which is twenty weekes and more wee are appointed to celebrate the miracles and conuersation of our Sauiour Christ whilest hee liued amongst vs in the world as likewise that long peregrination of mankinde from generation to generation since the redemption of the world euen to the last day thereof Wherefore in respect of the multitude of vncertainties through which wee are tossed like a ship in the raging sea the Church exceedeth neither in ioy nor sadnesse but to the end that we should walke warily and be able to resist all turbulent stormes she readeth for our instruction and hartning diuerse bookes of the New and Old Testament Moreouer from the time of Aduent to the feast of the Natiuity wee are put in minde of the time betwixt Moses and the comming of the Messias in which interim mankinde beeing assured of their saluation by him out of the law and Prophets did with most ardent desire expect his comming and future raigne ouer them for which cause they haue caused the Prophets to be read and this time to be fasted that the Church being instructed in the one exercised by the other should both worthily and ioyfully as it were with one continuall solemnity celebrate the natiuity of Christ her Sauiour which alwayes falleth the weeke after Aduent till Septuagessima receiuing him into the world with all deuotion and with condigne ioy and exultation accepting the first apparance of their saluātiō The Oratories or Temples which are vsually called Churches they would not suffer to be erected without licence of the Bishop of the Diocesse whose office is after all things necessary for the buildings bee prepared and the place where it shall stand agreed vpon to blesse the first corner stone of the foundation to put on it the signe of the crosse and to lay it Eastward towards the Sunne rising which done it is lawfull for the workemen to lay on lime and to goe on with their building This Church is to bee built after the forme of mans body or of a crosse The Quire in which the high Altar is to bee placed and where the Clergie doe sing whereof it is so called must represent the head and it is to bee built towards the East and to bee made rounder and shorter then the rest of the building and because the eyes are placed in the head it is therefore to be made more lightsome and to be seperated from the body of the Church with barres as it were with a neck adioyning herevnto must stand a steeple or more properly two on eyther side one insteed of eares and in these ought bells to be hanged to call and summon the people by their sound to diuine seruice The lower part of the building must be euery way so disposed as that it may aptly expresse and represent the armes and feete and the rest of the body with a conuenient length and breadth There ought to bee also a priuate roome with partitions which is vsually built vnder one of the Turrets hauing a doore opening into the Quire in which the holy Vessels ornaments and other necessaries belonging to the Church may bee kept This priuate roome is called the Vestery There must bee two rowes of pillars

as good plight as it was or an other as good But if he tooke it out of the water and concealed and denied it being asked it was accounted as theft and he then paide for it as if he had stole it He which stole a hound restored him backe againe or an other as good and paide sixe shillings besides and three shillings for a sheap-heards cur And these were the lawes that the Bauarians liued vnder not many ages since and diuers of them be yet in force at this day The Bauarians be earnest deuout Christians wil goe on pilgrimage by great troups to Churches and Monuments a far off and especially to a Temple in Aquisgrane And within their owne Prouince there be two notable famous places both for miracles of the Saints great concourse of pilgrimes which are the blessed Virgin Mary of Ottinga and Saint Wolfangus The country yeeldeth no vines vnlesse some few in the south part therof for it is ful of mountaines and great woods the trees whereof affoord great plenty of Acornes and wilde Apples by which meanes they haue great store of hogges so as Bauaria furnisheth other countries of Europe with as many swine as Hungary doth with oxen and the people themselues bee very hoggish and perticipate of a swynish nature so as in comparisō of al other Germans they may iustly be tearmed barbarous and fauadge and surpassing al others in two horrible and abhominable vices that is to say cruelty and theft Their apparel is for the most part blew and they goe more commonly in bootes then in shooes vpon that side of Bauaria towards Austria lieth part of Carinthia part of Stiria Carinthia is a mountanous country and bordereth East-ward vpon the people called Carni and vpon the West South vpon Stiria so reacheth to the Alpes of Italy and Forum Iulij In Carinthia bee many fruitfull valleies and hils for wheat and other graine there be many great meeres and riuers the chiefe whereof is the riuer Drauus which running by Stiria and Pannonia falleth into Danubius and is not much inferior to the riuer Savus This country is vnder the dominion of the Archduke of Austria and when a new Prince is ordained and taketh vpon him the gouernment of their common-weale they obserue a strange solemnity the like whereof is not vsed in any other country the manner of it is this In a large valley neere vnto the towne of Saint Vitus are remayning the ruines of a decaied City neere vnto which place in a plaine field standeth there on end a great marble stone and when a new Archduke is to be created a country clowne to whom that office descendeth by inheritance standeth vpon the stone hauing vpon his right hand a blacke Cow in Calfe and a Mare vpon his left so leane as she is nothing but skinne and bone and round about him stand a great rable of country people and others gazing at him in which interim a great multitude of nobles and gentlemen in gallant and sumptuous attire hauing the ensignes of principality carried before them conduct the new Prince towards the stone the Prince himselfe beeing meanely arrayed in a clownes cap high shooes and a sheap-heards staffe and seeming indeed rather a silly sheap-heard then a powrefull Prince when the clowne vpon the stone perceiueth him comming so gallantly attended hee crieth out with a lowde voice in the Slauonian tongue for the Carinthians be Slauonians who is this that commeth so proudly to whom the whole multitude make answere that the Prince and gouernor of the country is comming what is hee saith the clowne is hee a iust and vpright Iudge Doth hee regard the welfare of his county Is hee of a free condition and worthy of honour Is he a professor and defendor of the Christian religion And all the people ●●erre that hee both is and will be such a one then the clowne againe demaundeth how or by what right hee can displace him from his seate to whom the maister of the Dukes household answereth and saith the Duke shall giue thee for thy seat sixty pence and these two beasts which stand on each side of thee besides that thou shalt haue all the Dukes apparel he now weareth and both thou and all thy family shall for euer after be free from tribute which said the clown giueth the Duke an easie blow vpon the checke willing him to bee an vpright Iudge and so receiuing the rewards promised hee departeth from the stone and the Duke getteth vp into his place and there drawing a naked sword and brandishing it round about vpon euery side he speaketh vnto the people and promiseth them to bee an equall and iust Iudge and gouernor the report is also that they giue him drinke in a clownes cap which hee drinketh in token that euer after hee will bee sober and continent After this hee goeth thence to the Church of Solemnensis that is scituated vpon a hill neere adioyning and is dedicated to our blessed Lady and called after her name and there hee heareth masse which done hee putteth off the base attire which hee wore till then and putting on a coate armor hee banketteth and feasteth with his nobles and lastly hee returneth againe into the same field and there sitteth in Iudgement doing right vnto euery one and casting and reckoning his yeerely reuenewes This honour of inuesting the Prince is giuen vnto clownes for because they were the first in that country that imbraced the Christian religion the Nobility and Princes remayning in error vntill the time of Charles the Great in whose daies they were baptized and became earnest followers of the faith likewise The Duke of Carinthia was maister of the Emperors hounds wherevpon the deciding of all controuersies and contentions concerning huntsman and hunting was referred vnto him And when any one is accused before the Emperor for any such cause he must answere his accusors in the Slauonian tongue They haue an other custome in that Prouince which is chiefly put in vse about the towne called Klagen concerning theft which is most strickt seuere withal very vnreasonable for there if one be but suspected of theft he is instātly trussed vp the next day after hee is hanged they inquire of the suspition and then if hee prooue guilty in deed they suffer him to hang stil vntil hee rot and fal downe peecemeale but if it appeare that he was vniustly put to death then is he buried and his funerals performed at the common cost of the citty The Carinthians weare for the most part cloakes made of such wooll as their owne country sheepe beare and selfe colloured and cappes vpon their heads their language is the Slauonian tongue But the Stirij be a more rude and rusticall kinde of people hauing maruelous great throates yea their throat boales are so bigge as they are an impediment vnto their speech and that which is more if it bee truely reported of them the women

my Lord King and Father that when the report of my name was brought vnto you by Mathew our Embassador you assembled a great number of your Archbishops Bishops and Prelates to giue thankes vnto Christ our God for that Embassage and that the same Mathew was receiued very honorably and ioyfully which thing did exceedingly reioice mee and for which I in like manner and all my people with me praised God with great deuotion But it grieued mee when I vnderstood that Mathew was dead in the Monastery of Bisain in his returne home when hee should haue entred into the limits of our Countrie yet I my selfe sent him not because I was then a childe of eleuen yeares of age and had scarce taken vpon me the gouernment of my kingdome after the death of my father but Helena the Queene whom I did reuerence as my mother and who gouerned the kingdome for me she sent him That Mathew was a Marchant and his right name was Abraham but he called himselfe by another name that he might trauell more securely through the Moores yet notwithstanding he being knowne to be a Christian by the Moores in Dabull was there cast into prison which when hee had signified vnto the Praefect of your Armie the same praefect sent diuers valiant men to deliuer this Christian out of that vile prison which he did more willingly vnderstanding that he was my Embassador and when he had deliuered him from the hands of his enemies hee committed him to your ships to be brought vnto your presence That Mathew declared his message in my name vnto your King and writ vnto me that hee was honourably receiued and aboundantly rewarded with gifts of all sorts which is likewise affirmed by your messengers which Didacus Lupez de Sequeira chiefe Gouernour of your Fleete sent vnto vs who presented those letters vnto vs which Edward Galuanus that died in the Isle of Cameran should haue brought Vpon view of which letters I greatly reioyced and praised God conceiuing great pleasure when I beheld the breasts of your Messengers marked with Crosses and proued by enquiring of them that they obserued the Ceremonies of the Christian Religion which be most infallible true and I was exceedingly stirred vp with a singular deuotion when I vnderstood that they founde their way into Ethiopia by miracle for they told vs that the Captaine of the ship wandring long by the Arabicke sea and therefore dispairing to finde our hauen determined to leaue this busines vndispatched and to returne into India the rather for the cruell tempests wherewith they were tossed vpon the sea but in the same morning betimes that hee entended to retire a red Crosse appeared vnto him in heauen which when he had worshipped hee commanded the Mariners to turne the foredeckes of their shippes that way as the Crosse stood and so by Gods appointment was our hauen discouered and found out which thing I held to be miraculous And surely the Gouernor of that Nauy is beloued of God seeing he obteined so great felicity as no man before him had obtained of God This mutuall Embassage was formerly spoken of by the Prophet in the booke of the life and passion of S. Victor and in the bookes of the holy Fathers that a great Christian King should make peace with the King of Ethiopia yet did I not thinke that this would haue come to passe in my dayes but God knew the certainty that his name might bee extolled who directed the Messenger vnto me that I might send the like vnto you againe my Father and friend in Christ that wee may remaine in our Faith seeing I neuer had any Messenger nor certaine knowledge from any other Christian King Hitherto the Moores haue beene about mee the sonnes of Mahomet and Gentiles some of them bee slaues which know not God some others worship the fire and blockes some others adore the Sunne and some suppose Serpents to bee Gods With these I neuer had peace because they refuse to come vnto the truth and to these I preach the faith in vaine But now I am at quiet and God hath giuen mee rest with all mine enemies and yours for when I march in Armes against them in the boundes of my Countrie they turne their faces and flye from vs and our Captaines and Souldiers haue the conquest of them and their Campes neither is God angrie with me as the Psalmist saith and God fulfilleth the desires of those Kings which require iust things yet this belongeth not to our praise but the praises are to bee giuen vnto God for hee it is that hath giuen the world vnto you and hath granted vnto you the lands of the Gentiles for euer and the landes of other people from the limits of your owne Countrie euen to the entrance into Ethiopia Wherefore I giue incessant thankes vnto God and declare his great and incomprehensible power and maiesty conceiuing great hope that the sonnes of those people which come vnder your dominion shall vndoubtedly bee partakers of the truth of religion and therefore I praise God and hope that your sonnes and my selfe and you also shall exceedingly reioyce for the good successe of these things And you ought continually to pray vnto God vntill hee giue you his grace to obtaine the holy Temple in Ierusalem which is now in the power of the enemies of Christ the Moores Gentiles and Heretickes which if you bring to passe your estimation and renown shall be replenished with all praise But three of those Embassadors which came vnto mee with the said Mathew and the great Praefect of your Nauie came downe to Macua to commune with the King of Bernagaes who is subiect to our gouernment and forthwith sent Embassadors vnto me and great gifts which were most deere and acceptable vnto me but yet your fame and renowne was more deere and precious vnto me then all iewels and treasures whatsoeuer But let vs omit these things and conferre amongst our selues how wee may inuade and take the infidels Countries for which purpose I shal willingly giue one hundred thousand thousand drachmaes of gold as many fighting men timber yron and copper likewise for to build and furnish a Nauie besides great store of furniture and prouision for warres and wee will accord and agree friendly together and for because it is not my custome nor fitting for my dignitie to send embassadors to require peace and seeeing you your selfe haue formerly required it with great sincerity to confirme the sayings of our Sauiour Christ for it is written Blessed bee the Teet which bring peace therefore I my selfe am most ready to embrace it after the manner of the Apostles which were of one consent and of one heart O King and my Father Emanuell God who is only one the God of heauen and alwaies of one substance neuer waxing yonger or older preserue and keepe thee in safety He which brought the message from you vnto vs was called Rhodericus Lima hee was the head and chiefest

chiefly to be feared c. And in the conclusion of the same letters is mentioned that his sonne Iohn Paleologus which dyed about two yeares before the King of the Romaean Kings was called to the celebration of the sacred Synode And that Ioseph the Patriarch of Constantinople came with him with a great number of Archbishops and Bishops and Prelates of all sorts among whom were the Proctors or Factors of the Patriarckes of Antioch Alexandria and Ierusalem who when they had ioyned themselues together in loue of holy faith and religion the vnity of the Church being ordained and established all the difficulties and troubles of ancient time which seemed erronious contrary to religion were by Gods diuine assistance vtterly taken away abolished which things being rightly established and set in order the Pope himselfe brought great ioy vnto them all This booke of Pope Eugenius wee haue sent vnto you which wee haue kept vncorrupted and wee would haue sent vnto you the whole order and power of the Popes blessing but that the volume of these things would seeme too great for it would exceed in bignes the whole booke of Paul to all the nations he writ vnto The Legates which brought these things vnto vs from the Pope were Theodorus Peter Didymus and George the seruants of Iesus Christ and you shall do well most holy Father to command your bookes to be looked ouer where I suppose some memory of these things which we write of may be found out Wherefore holy father if you will write any thing vnto vs beleeue it confidently that we will most diligently commit it to our bookes that the eternall memory of those things may remaine to our posterity and surely I account him blessed whose memory is preserued in writing in the sacred citty of Rome and in the seate of the Saints S. Peter and S. Paul for these bee Lords of the kingdome of heauen iudges of the whole world And because that this is my beliefe I therfore send these letters that I may obtaine grace of your holines and your most sacred Senate that from thence may come vnto me a holy benediction increase of all good things And I most earnestly beseech your holines to send vnto me some images pictures of the Saints especially of the virgin Mary that your name may be often in my memory that I may take continuall pleasure in your gifts Furthermore I heartily intreate you to send vnto me men learned in the Scriptures workmen likewise that can make images swords and all maner of weapons for the warre grauers also of gold and siluer and Carpenters Masons especially which can build houses of stone and make couering for them of lead and copper wherby the roofes of the houses may be defended And besides these such as can make glasse instruments of musicke and such as be skilfull in musicke those also that can play vpon Flutes Trumpets and pshalmes shall be most welcome deere vnto vs and these workmen I much desire should bee sent me from your Court but if there be not sufficicient store in your court your holines may command them of other Kings who will obey your command most readily When these shal come to me they shall bee honorably esteemed of according to their deserts from my liberality shall be amply rewarded and if any shall desire to returne home he shall depart with liberall gifts whither hee please for I will not detaine any one against his will though I should haue great fruit and benefite by his industry But I must now speake of other matters demand of you most holy father why you exhort not the Christian kings your children to lay aside thir armes and as becommeth brethren to accord and agree amongst themselues seeing they be thy sheepe and thou their sheepheard for your holines knoweth right well what the Gospell commandeth where it is said That euery kingdome diuided in it selfe shall be desolated and brought to ruine And if the Kings would agree in their hearts conclude an assured league and peace together they might easily vanquish all the Mahometans and by their fortunate entrance and sudden irruption vtterly burst and throw downe the sepulcher of that false Prophet Mahomet For this cause holy father indeuour your selfe that a firme peace and assured league of friendship may bee concluded and established amongst them admonish them to be assistant aiding vnto me seeing in the confines of my kingdomes I am on all sides inclosed and incompassed about with those most wicked men the Mahometane Moores for those Mahometane Moores yeeld mutual aid one to another the kings with kings petty kings with petty kings do sincerely and constantly assemble themselues against vs. There is a Moore very neere neighbour vnto me to whom the other bordering Moores minister weapons horses and munition for the warres These be the kings of India Persis Arabia and Egypt which things grieue and molest mee exceedingly euery day when I behold the enemies of the Christian religion ioyned together in brotherly loue and to enioy peace to see the Christian kings my brothers to be nothing at all moued by these iniuries nor to yeeld mee any helpe as assuredly behoueth Christians to doe seeing the impious brood of Mahomet do aid and assist one another neither am I he that for that purpose should require Souldiers prouision for warres of you seeing I haue Souldiers left of mine owne but onely I desire your praiers and orisons wishing also fauour grace with your holines with all Christian Kings my brethren for I must seeke to obtaine friendship of you that I may bee fully instructed and furnished of those things which I formerly desired to the terror of the Moores that my neigbours the enemies of the Christian faith may vnderstand that the kings do fauor aid me with a singular care affection which surely will redound to the praise of vs in common seeing we agree together in one verity of religion and faith and in this councell wee will conforme which shall be firme and absolute with that which shal fall out to be more profitable God therfore fulfill all your desires about the praises of Iesus Christ and of God our Father to whom all men giue praises for euer and euer And you most holy Lord and father imbrace me I beseech you with all the Saints of Iesus Christ which be at Rome into which embracings let all the boderers of my kingdomes and those which dwell in Ethiopia be receiued giue thanks to our Lord Iesus Christ with your spirit These letters your holinesse shall receiue at the hands of my brother Iohn King of Portugall the sonne of the most mighty King Emanuell by our Embassador Francis Aluarez Other letters from the same Dauid Emperour of Ethiopia written to the Pope of Rome in the yeare of our Lord God 1524. and interpreted by Paulus Iouius HAppy and

execute those offices of the court the women likewise by the commandement and decree of the same Maqueda be circumcised shee being induced therevnto by this reason that euen as men haue a fore-skinne that couereth their yards in like manner haue women a certaine kernelly flesh which is called Nympha arysing vp in the middle of their priuy partes which is very fit to take the character of circumcision and this is done both to males and females vpon the eight day and after circumcision the men children be baptised vpon the fortieth day and the women children vpon the eighteeth day vnlesse any sicknesse or infirmity hapneth which may cause it to bee done sooner but if any children be baptised before the time appointed it is not lawfull to giue them sucke of their mothers milke but onely of their nurses vntill their mothers bee purified and the water wherein they bee baptised is consecrated and blessed with exorcismes and that very same day wherein children bee baptised they receiue the blessed bodie of our Lord in a little forme of bread wee receiued baptisme almost before all other Christians from the Eunuch of Candace Queene of Aethiopia whose name was Indich as it is said in the Acts of the Apostles which together with circumcision which wee had at that time as before is sayd wee obserue most holily and Christian like and by Gods assistance euer shall obserue nor doe we obserue or admit of any thing but of those onely which are expressed in the law and the prophets and in the Gospell and in the bookes of the councels of the Apostles and if wee receiue any things besides those they bee onely obserued for the time for that they seeme to appertaine to the gouernment and peace of the Church and that without any bond of sinne Wherefore our circumcision is not vncleane but the law and grace is giuen to our father Abraham which hee receiued of God as a signe not that either he or his children should be saued through circumcision but that the children of Abraham should be known from other nations And that which is inwardly vnderstood by the signe or mistery of circumcision wee doe highly obserue that is that wee may bee circumcised in our hearts neither doe wee boast of circumcision nor therefore thinke our selues more noble then other Christians nor more acceptable vnto God with whom is no acception of persons as Paul saith who also sheweth vs that wee bee not saued through circumcision but by faith because in Christ Iesus neither circumcision nor the cutting off the foreskinne preualeth but the new creature but Paul preached not to destroy the law but to establish it who was also baptised and beeing of the seed of Beniamin hee also circumcised Tymothy who was become a Christian his mother beeing an Hebrew and his father a Gentile knowing that God doth iustifie circumcision by faith and the fore-skinne by faith and as he himselfe was made all to all that hee might saue all To the Iewes hee was as a Iew that thereby hee might winne the Iewes and to those which were vnder the law hee was as one vnder the law although hee was not vnder the law to the end hee might gaine those which were vnder the lawe and to those which were without the law hee was as one without the law although hee was not without the law of GOD but vnder the law of Christ that hee might get those which were without the law and hee became weake that hee might gaine those which were weake which he did to shew that we bee saued not by circumcision but by faith And therefore when he preached to the Hebrewes hee spake vnto them in diuers speeches like an Hebrew saying God heretofore spake many waies and in many manners to our fathers in the prophets shewing vnto them out of the same prophets that Christ was of the seed of Dauid after the flesh Moreouer he preached vnto them that Christ was with our fathers in the tents in the Desert and that he led them into the Land of promise by the hand of Iosua And Paul also testifieth in the same place that Christ was the chiefe of priests and that hee entred into a new tent which is the Sanctum sanctorum The holy of holies and that with the sacrifice of his bodie and bloud hee abolished the bloud of goates and bulles whereby none that killeth them shall bee iustified and so hee spake sundry waies to the Iewes and also suffering himselfe to bee worshipped of his people by many ceremonies in a holy and vncorrupted faith Moreouer those children with vs bee accounted halfe Christians which here I vnderstand in the Romane Church bee called Paganes who because they die without baptisme ought to bee called halfe Christians because they be children of the sanctified bloud of parents baptised and of the holy Ghost and of the bloud of our Lord Iesus Christ by which three Testimonies all Christians bee so reputed because there bee three things which giue testimony in earth the spirite water and bloud as Saint Iohn witnesseth in his first canonicall Epistle the Gospell also saith a good tree bringeth forth good fruite and an euill tree bringeth forth euill fruite and therefore the children of Christians are not like vnto the children of the Gentiles and of the Iewes and of the Moores which bee withered trees without any fruit but the Christians bee elected in their mothers wombes as holy Ieremias the prophet and Saint Iohn Baptist were Furthermore the children of Christian women are elected and consecrated by the communication and imparting of the body bloud of our Lord Iesus Christ for when women great with child do take the most blessed body of our Lord and Sauiour Iesus Christ the infant in the wombe receiuing nutriment is thereby sanctified for euen as the child in the mothers wombe conceiueth either sorrow or ioy according as the mother is affected so also is it nourished by the mothers norishment and as our Lord saith in his holy Ghospell if any one eate my body and drinke my bloud hee shall not tast of eternall death and againe if any one eate of my body and drinke my bloud hee shall remaine with mee and Paul the teacher of the Gentiles saith the vnbeleeuing husband is iustified by the beleeuing wife the vnbeleeuing wife is sanctified by the beleeuing husband otherwise your children should be vncleane but now they bee sanctified which if it bee so that the children of an vnbeleeuing mother bee sanctified by the saithfulnesse of the father then be they much more holy that bee borne of faithfull fathers and mothers for which cause it is farre more holy to call children before they bee christned halfe Christians then Pagans and the Apostles also haue said in their bookes of councels that al which beleeue and be not baptised may iustly bee termed halfe Christians who also say in the said bookes if Iew Moore or Gentile will receiue the faith hee is

no speach but signes and becks which onely hapneth through the barbarousnesse and harshnesse of their language which their neighbours can by no meanes vnderstand for otherwise they bee very wise and cunning in their exchanges The people be very valiant and warlike in steed of horses they vse a kind of beasts which in their language bee called Raingi beeing of the stature and coulor of Asses hauing clouen hoofes they be made horned like Bucks but that they be couered ouer with a kind of downe be not so long nor haue so many branches as Bucks hornes haue as we our selues haue seene these beasts be of such wonderfull swiftnesse that in the space of twelue houres they will draw a chariot thirty Germaine miles and in their going whether they go swift or softly by the stirring of the ioynts of their legges you may heare a noyse like vnto the cracking of nuts The religion of this people is to worship the fire and pillers of stone for gods They presage and iudge the euent of the whole day by euery liuing thing that meeteth them in the morning they obserue matrimony and bee exceeding iealous they bee so famous in inchantments that amongst many other very strange and almost incredible things to bee reported which I omit to speake of they will by their inchantments stay a ship vnder full saile so stone still as no force of windes can remooue her which euill is cured with Virgins excrements beeing layde vppon the hatches of the shippes and vppon the benches where the rowers sit to rowe for these Virgins excrements as I haue heard reported by the inhabitants those spirits doe naturally abhorre Certaine things concerning the Aethiopians collected out of Ioseph Scaliger his seuenth Booke De emendatione temporum THis is not the first time that the name of the Christian Aethiopians hath beene heard amongst vs for their Churches be not onely at Ierusalem and Constantinople but for a space it hath beene lawfull for them to solemnize and celebrate their sacrifices at Rome and Venice and many things may be vnderstood of them and of their customes both by the Portugals nauigations and by the booke of Francis Aluarez trauels who went himself into Aethiopia For as yet wee haue onely heard of the name of Aethiopia but it is strange that the name of the Emperour of Aethiopia in our great grand-fathers dayes was first knowne to vs out of Asia not out of Aethiopia for before these three hundred yeares the Aethiopian Kings had euer large dominions in Asia especially in Drangiana in the confines of Susiana in India and in Sinus vntill the Tartarian Emperours expelled them from their gouernment in Asia for the Abyssini beeing vanquished and expelled from the country of the people of Sinae by Cingis King of Tartary Vncan the great Emperour of Aethiopia being slaine shortly after Cincan the sonne of Cingis and Cincanus sonne Bathin can did vtterly expell and driue out all the Abyssini from Moin and the kingdome of Sinae and compelled them to flye into Affrick Surely wee haue often wondred that a nation at this day altogether ignorant in sea-faring businesse should be so mighty and potent both by sea and land that they haue inlarged their dominions from Aethiopia to the people of Sinae In those dayes the knowledge of that Emperor came vnto vs but by the name of Prestigian which in the Persian tongue now vsed almost throughout all Asia as Latium is in the West signifieth Apostolicke vnder which name is certainly vnderstood a rightfull and Christian King That the gouernment of the Aethiopians was great and large in Asia is signified by the Aethiopian crosses which are in Giapan Syna and other places as also by the Temple that is situated in the Region of Maabar and dedicated to Saint Thomas which hath crosses and many other things in it as are in Aethiopia and is builded after the Aethiopian fashion and that which is more retaineth as yet the Aethiopian name FINIS A Table of the Chapters conteined in the first Booke THe true opinion of Diuines concerning mans originall Chap. 1. The false opinion of the Ethnicks concerning mans originall Chap. 2. Of the situation and perfection of the world Chap. 3 Of Aethiopia and the ancient customes of that country C. 4 Of Aegipt and the ancient customes of that country chap. 5. Of the Carthaginians and other people of Affrick Chap. 6. A Table of the Chapters contained in the 2. Booke OF Asia and the most famous nations thereof chap. 1 Of Panchaia and of the maners of the Panchaians cha 2 Of Assyria and how the Assyrians liue chap. 3 Of Indaea and of the customes and institutions of the Iews c. 4 Of Media and of the manners of the Medes chap. 5 Of Parthia and the maner of liuing of the Parthians chap. 6 Of Persia and of the manners lawes and ordinances of the Persians chap. 7 Of India and of the monstrous and prodigious customes and manner of liuing of the Indians chap. 8 Of Scythia and of the barbarous manners of the Scythians c. 9 Of Tartaria and of the customes and power of that people c. 10 Of Turcia and of all the maners lawes and ordinances of the Turkes chap. 11 Of the Christians and of their originall and customes cha 12 A Table of the Chapters conteined in the 3 Booke OF the most famous countries of Europe chap. 1 Of Greece and of Solons lawes which he made for the Athenians and which were after established by the Princes of Greece chap. 2 Of Laconia and of the customes and ordinance of the Laconians or Lacedemonians ch 3 Of the I le of Creete and of the customes most commō amongst the Cretensians chap. 4 Of Thrace and of the barbarous maners of the people of Thrace chap. 5 Of Russia or Ruthenia and of the the latter maners customes of the Russians chap. 6 Of Lithuani● and of the manner of liuing of those people cha 7 Of Liuonia Prussia and of the Souldiers called Marciam in Spaine chap. 8 Of Polonia and of the later customes of the Polonians cha 9 Of Hungaria and of the Institutions and maners of liuing of the Hungarians chap. 10 Of Boemia and of the maners of the Boemians chap. 11 Of Germany and of the customes of the Germaines chap. 12 Of Saxonie and how the Saxons liued in times past and how they now liue chap. 13 Of Westphalia and of the manner of Iudgments ordained for the Westphalians by Charles the Great chap. 14 Of Franconia and of the nature and customes of that country chap 15 Of ●ueuia and how the people of that country liued heretofore and how they now liue cha 16 Of Bauaria and Carinthya and of the lawes and customes of that people heretofore how they now liue chap. 17 Of Italy and of the manners of the Italians of Romulus also and his ciuill institutions c. 18 Of Lyguria and of the ancient manners of the inhabitants of that country