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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A67908	The history of the troubles and tryal of the Most Reverend Father in God and blessed martyr, William Laud, Lord Arch-Bishop of Canterbury. vol. 1 wrote by himself during his imprisonment in the Tower ; to which is prefixed the diary of his own life, faithfully and entirely published from the original copy ; and subjoined, a supplement to the preceding history, the Arch-Bishop's last will, his large answer to the Lord Say's speech concerning liturgies, his annual accounts of his province delivered to the king, and some other things relating to the history.	Laud, William, 1573-1645.; Wharton, Henry, 1664-1695.; Prynne, William, 1600-1669. Rome's masterpiece.	1695 (1695)	Wing L586; Wing H2188; ESTC R354	691,871	692

all the Proof here made mentions him only by whom the Kings Pleasure is signified not him that procures the Preferment So the Docket in this Case no Proof at all The Fifth Charge was a Paper Intituled Considerations for the Church Three Exceptions against them The Observation of the King's Declaration Art 3. The Lecturers Art 5. And the High-Commission and Prohibitions Art 10 11. The Paper I desired might be all Read Nothing in them against either Law or Religion And for Lecturers a better care taken and with more Ease to the People and more Peace to the Church by a Combination of Conformable Neighbouring Ministers in their turns and not by some one Humorous Man who too often mis-leads the People Secondly my Copy of Considerations came from Arch-Bishop Harsnet in which was some sour Expression concerning Emanuel and Sidney Colleges in Cambridge which the King in his Wisdom thought fit to leave out The King's Instructions upon these Considerations are under Mr. Baker's Hand who was Secretary to my Predecessor And they were sent to me to make Exceptions to them if I knew any in regard of the Ministers of London whereof I was then Bishop And by this that they were thus sent unto me by my Predecessor 't is manifest that this account from the several Dioceses to the Arch-Bishop and from him to his Majesty once a Year was begun before my time Howsoever if it had not I should have been glad of the Honour of it had it begun in mine For I humbly conceive there cannot be a better or a safer way to preserve Truth and Peace in the Church than that once a Year every Bishop should give an account of all greater Occurrences in the Church to his Metropolitan and he to the King Without which the King who is the Supream is like to be a great Stranger to all Church Proceedings The Sixth Charge was about Dr Sibthorp's Sermon that my Predecessor opposed the Printing of it and that I opposed him to Affront the Parliament Nothing so my Lords Nothing done by me to oppose or affront the One or the Other This Sermon came forth when the Loan was not yet settled in Parliament The Lords and the Judges and the Bishops were some for some against it And if my Judgment were Erroneous in that Point it was mis-led by Lords of great Honour and Experience and by Judges of great knowledge in the Law But I did nothing to affront any 'T is said that I inserted into the Sermon that the People may not refuse any Tax that is not unjustly laid I conceive nothing is justly laid in that kind but according to Law Gods and Mans. And I dare not say the People may refuse any thing so laid For Jus Regis the Right of a King which is urged against me too I never went farther than the Scriptures lead me Nor did I ever think that Jus Regis mentioned 1 Sam 8 is meant of the Ordinary and just Right of Kings but of that Power which such as Saul would be would assume unto themselves and make it right by Power Then they say I expunged some things out of it As first The Sabbath and put instead of it the Lords Day What 's my Offence Sabbath is the Jews Word and the Lords-Day the Christians Secondly about Evil Counseilors to be used as Haman The Passage as there Expressed was very Scandalous and without just Cause upon the Lords of the Council And they might justly have thought I had wanted Discretion should I have left it in Thirdly that I expunged this that Popery is against the first and the second Commandment If I did it it was because it is much doubted by Learned Men whether any thing in Popery is against the first Commandment or denies the Unity of the God-head And Mr. Perkins who Charges very home against Popery lays not the Breach of the first Commandment upon them And when I gave Mr. Brown this Answer In his last Reply he asked why I left out both Why I did it because its being against the second is common and obvious and I did not think it worthy the standing in such a Sermon when it could not be made good against the first But they demanded why I should make any Animadversions at all upon the Sermon It was thus The Sermon being presented to his Majesty and the Argument not common he committed the Care of Printing it to Bishop Mountain the Bishop of London and four other of which I was one And this was the Reason of the Animadversions now called mine As also of the Answer to my Predecessors Exceptions now Charged also and called mine But it was the Joint Answer of the Committee And so is that other Particular also In which the whole Business is left to the Learned in the Laws For though the Animadversions be in my Hand yet they were done at and by the Committee only I being puny Bishop was put to write them in my Hand The Seventh Charge was Dr Manwaring's Business and Preferment It was handled before only resumed here to make a Noise and so passed it over The Eighth Charge was concerning some Alterations in the Prayers made for the Fifth of November and in the Book for the Fast which was Published An 1636. And the Prayers on Coronation Day 1. First for the Fast-Book The Prayer mentioned was altered as is Expressed but it was by him that had the Ordering of that Book to the Press not by me Yet I cannot but approve the Reason given for it and that without any the least approbation of Merit For the Abuse of Fasting by thinking it Meritorious is the thing left out whereas in this Age and Kingdom when and where set Fastings of the Church are cryed down there can be little fear of that Erroneous Opinion of placing any Merit in Fasting 2 Secondly for the Prayers Published for the Fifth of November and Coronation Day The Alterations were made either by the King himself or some about him when I was not in Court And the Books sent me with a Command for the Printing as there altered I made stay till I might wait upon his Majesty I found him resolved upon the alterations nor in my judgment could I justly except against them His Majesty then gave Warrant to the Books themselves with the alterations in them and so by his Warrant I commanded the Printing And I then shewed both the Books to the Lords who Viewed them and acknowledged his Ma jesty ' Hand with which not his Name only but the whole Warrant was written And here I humbly desired three things might be observed and I still desire it First with what Conscience this passage out of my Speech in the Star Chamber was urged against me for so it was and fiercely by Mr. Nicolas to prove that I had altered the Oath at the King's Coronation because the Prayers appointed for the Anniversary of the Coronation were

maintained and Practised in all other Reformed Churches unless these Men be so strait Laced as not to admit the Churches of Sweden and Denmark and indeed all or most of the Lutherans to be Reformed Churches For in Sweden they retain both the Thing and the Name and the Governours of their Churches are and are called Bishops And among the other Lutherans the Thing is retained though not the Name For instead of Bishops they are called Superintendents and instead of Archbishops General Superintendents And yet even here too these Names differ more in sound than in sense For Bishop is the same in Greek that Superintendent is in Latin Nor is this change very well liked by the Learned Howsoever Luther since he would change the Name did yet very wisely that he would leave the Thing and make choice of such a name as was not altogether unknown to the Ancient Church For St. Augustine mentions it as plainly and as fully as any of these As for the Eminency which they say their Kirk of Scotland had amongst them I envy it not but God bless it so that it may deserve Eminence and have it And now we are come to the close of all in which their desire is expressed This also we represent to your Lordships most serious Consideration That not only the Fire-brands may be removed but the Fire may be provided against that there be no more Combustion afterwards Decemb. 15. 1640. Ad. Blayer Their request is That not only the Bishops whom they are pleased to call the Fire-brands which indeed themselves and their Adherents are but the Office or Episcopacy it self which they call the Fire may be provided against That there may be no combustion after This I as heartily wish as any Man can but see as little cause to hope for For what hope can there be against after-Combustion while the Fire which they themselves have kindled while they call other Men Incendiaries burns on still and is like to fasten upon the very Foundations to the eating of them out Yet I desire here that the Justice and the Indifferency of these Men may be well considered and that in two things The one in the Cause it self For Episcopacy is settled by Law here Nay it is many ways woven into the Laws and Customs of this Realm And their great Complaint is that their Presbyteries which they say are established by their Law were offer'd to be supprest So they are angry that their Presbyteries should be touch'd against their Law but Episcopacy must be destroyed though it be never so much against our Law The other piece of their Justice is Personal to me For here at one and the same time and in this one and the same Charge they do by Consequences lay load on me as if I had invaded their Laws while they invade ours avowedly and dare present this their Invasion as well as that by Arms in full and open Parliament of England to have their Will in the one and their Reward for the other Now if these two Forms of Ecclesiastical Government by Episcopacy and by Presbyteries be inconsistent under one Monarch as they themselves here confess then I were I at liberty would humbly beseech the Lords to consider First whether these men have any shew or colour of Justice in this their demand Secondly whether that Form of Church-Government which hath come down from the Apostles continued to this Day is established by the Laws and usage of this Kingdom ever since it was Christian be not fitter for them to embrace and settle than that Form which is but of Yesterday and hath no acquaintance at all with our Laws nor is agreeable with Monarchy And lastly when the Bishops are taken away and a Parity the Mother of confusion made in the Church and the Church-Lands Sacrilegiously made a Prey which I have long feared is not the least Aim of too many whether then the Temporal Lords shall not follow after And whether their Honour will not then soon appear too great and their Means too full till a Lex Agraria will pass upon them and lay them level with them whom some of them Favour too much And when these things are considered God Bless them whom it most concerns to lay it to Heart betimes if Time be not slipped already Here having answer'd to all which the Scots have laid in against me I would have the Scotch Service inserted and Printed The Book lyes by me very exactly translated into Latin And so I hope this Tract shall be CAP. V. AND now having answered and I hope sufficiently to all the Particulars in the Charge of the Scots against me I must return to the History again as I left it Where I told you the House of Commons were very angry with the late Canons and joyning this Accusation of the Scots to such Articles as they in their Committee had framed against me upon Decemb. 18. 1640. they accused me of High Treason † as is before expressed and I was committed to Custody to Mr. James Maxwell the Officer of the Vpper House When they had lodg'd me here I was follow'd with sharpness in both Houses upon all Occasions of any Complaint made against the proceedings at Council-Table Star-Chamber High-Commission or any place or thing in which I had ought to do Nothing omitted by some cunning Agents which might increase the Rage and Hatred of the People against me The chief Instruments herein were the Brownists and they which adhered unto them who were highly offended with me because I hindred and Punished as by Law I might their Conventicles and Separation from the Church of England And though I pitied them as God knows from my very Heart yet because necessity of Government forc'd me to some Punishment their Malignity never gave me over Among and above the rest there were three Men Mr. Henry Burton a Minister Benificed in Friday-street in London Dr. John Bastwick a Phisician and Mr. William Pryn a Common Lawyer who were censured Junii 14. 1637. in the Star-Chamber for notorious Libels Printed and Published by them against the Hierarchy of the Church They were then and there Sentenced to stand in the Pillory and lose their Ears and because they should not stay farther to infect London they were sent away by Order of that Court Mr. Burton to Garnsey Dr. Bastwick to Silly and Mr. Pryn to Jersy In the giving of this Sentence I spake my Conscience and was after commanded to Print my Speech But I gave no Vote because they had fallen so personally upon me that I doubted many Men might think Spleen and not Justice led me to it Nor was it my Counsel that advised their sending into those remote Parts The Brownists and the preciser Part of the Kingdom were netled at this and the Anger turned upon me tho' I were the Patient all along For they had published most venomous Libels against me and I did but shew such as came

here stepped in Mr. Pryn and said This was according to the Form in Missali Parvo But 't is well known I borrowed nothing thence All that I used was according to the Copy of the late Reverend Bishop of Winchester Bishop Andrews which I have by me to be seen and which himself used all his Time Then from my Chappel he went to my Study And there the Second Charge was That I had a Bible with the Five Wounds of Christ fair upon the Cover of it This was curiously wrought in Needle-Work The Bible was so sent me by a Lady and she a Protestant I was loth to deface the Work but the Bible I kept in my Study from any Man's Hand or Eye that might take Offence at it Mr. Brown touched upon this and my Answer was the same saving that I mentioned not the Lady Secondly That I had in my Study a Missal and divers other Books belonging to the Roman Liturgy My Lords 't is true I had many but I had more of the Greek Liturgies than the Roman And I had as many of both as I could get And I would know how we shall answer their Errors if we may not have their Books I had Liturgies all I could get both Ancient and Modern I had also the Alcoarn in divers Copies If this be an Argument why do they not accuse me to be a Turk Thirdly to this Charge was added my Private Prayer Book which Mr. Pryn had taken from me in his Search Where first I observed That the Secrets between God and my Soul were brought to be divulged in open Court Nihil Gravius dicam But see whether it can be parallel'd in Hetheanism But what Popery was found in these Prayers Why first they said my Prayers were in Canonical Hours Hora Sexta Hora Nona c. I injoyned my self several hours of Prayer That I hope is no Sin And if some of them were Church-Hours that 's no Sin neither Seven Times a Day will I praise thee was the Prophet David's long before any Canonical Hours And among Christians they were in use before Popery got any Head God grant this may be my greatest Sin Secondly The Prayer which I made at the Consecration of the Chappel at Hammersmith I desired that might be read or any other No Offence found Thirdly the Word Prostratus in my Private Devotions before I came to the Eucharist If I did so to God what 's that to any Man But I pray in all this curious Search and Mr. Pryn here and all along spared no pains why were no Prayers to the B. Virgin and the Saints found if I were so swallowed up in Popery From my Study he went on to my Gallery The Serjeant would find out Popery ere he had done Thence I was Charged with three Pictures The First of them was a Fair Picture of the Four Fathers of the Western Church S Ambrose S Jerom S Augustine and S Gregory It was as Lawful to have this Picture as the Picture of any other Men. Yea but there was a Dove pictured over them and that stood for the Holy-Ghost That 's more than any Witness did or durst depose The Second was the Ecce Homo as Pilate brought Christ forth and shewed him to the Jews This Picture is Common and I yet know no hurt of it so it be not Worshipped And that I detest as much as any Man and have written as much against it as any Protestant hath And it was then read in part And for both these Pictures I answered farther out of Calvin That it is Lawful to make and have the Picture of any things Quorum sint Capaces Oculi which may be seen Now the Dove was visible and seen S. John 1. That 's for the first Picture And for the Second the Ecce Homo why did Pilat say Ecce but that the Jews might and did see him St. Joh. 19. So both Pictures lawful by the Rule laid down by Calvin Mr. Brown Charged against both these Pictures very warmly And when I had Answer'd as before in his Reply he fell upon my Answer and said it was in the Homilies but either he quoted not the place or I else slipped it That every Picture of Christ was a Lye because whole Christ cannot be Pictured But by this Argument it is unlawful to Picture any Man for the whole Man cannot be Pictured Who ever drew a Picture of the Soul And yet who so simple as to say the Picture of a Man is a Lye Besides the Ecce Homo is a Picture of the Humanity of Christ only which may as lawfully be drawn as any other Man And it may be I may give farther Answer when I see the place in the Homilies The Third Picture found in my Gallery I marvel why it was produced For it relates to that of our Saviour St. John 10. Where he says that the Shepherd enters into the Sheepfold by the door but they which climb up to enter another way are Thieves and Robbers And in that Picture the Pope and the Fryars are climbing up to get in at the Windows So 't is as directly against Popery as can be Besides it was Witnessed before the Lords by Mr. Walter Dobson an Ancient Servant both to Arch-Bishop Bancroft and Abbot that both the Ecce Homo and this Picture were in the Gallery when he came first to Lambeth-House which was about Forty Years since So it was not brought thither by me to countenance Popery And I hope your Lordships do not think me such a Fool if I had an intention to alter Religion I would hang the Profession of it openly in my Gallery thereby to bring present danger upon my self and destroy the work which themselves say I intended cunningly And if there be any Error in having and keeping such Pictures yet that is no sufficient proof that I had any intention to alter the Religion Established which I desire may be taken notice of once for all From my Gallery the Serjeant crossed the Water to White-Hall and sure in haste for at that time he took no leave of Captain Guest or his Wife before he left Lambeth At the Court he met Sir Henry Mildmay This Knight being produced by him against me says That in my time Bowings were constantly used in the Chappel there But first Dr. Featly told your Lordships there was nothingin my Chappel but as it was in use at White-Hall So all the Popery I could bring was there before And Secondly if bowing to God in his own House be not amiss as how it should I yet know not then there can be no fault in the constant doing of it Quod semel fecisse bonum est non potest malum esse si frequentèr fiat So St. Jerome Teaches Thirdly I am very sorry that any Reverence to God in his House and in the time of his Worship

say Amen to Besides with my Lord's leave upon the Consideration which he desires me to take I think I have found other Differences For besides the Vse and Custom which we are inured to I find that to have some set Form of Prayer when the Congregation meets is little less than * Traditio Vniversalis an Universal Tradition of the whole Church And that it took beginning while some of the Apostles were yet living and hath continued from thence in all Ages and Places of the Church to this day Now though particular Customs and Traditions vary and may be varied in several Churches yet I do not find there is such a Power over Traditions that are General but that next to the Scripture it self they are kept by all Sober Christians inviolable And St. Augustine says plainly St. Aug. Epist. 118. c. 5. 't is Insolentissimae insaniae a trick of most insolent Madness to dispute or doubt of that quod tota per Orbem frequentat Ecclesia which the Church of Christ practises throughout the whole World And for my part I believe him and I would my Lord did so too and then I think he would not refuse the Service for the Injunction nor fall into any fit of this insolent Madness As for Preaching that was ever left free And therefore the Church did ever put a difference And I find upon this Consideration another Difference yet between Prayer and Preaching For Preaching is a Speech to Man for his Edification and Instruction in Faith and good Life But Prayer is a Speech to God to Honour and Worship him in the acknowledgment of his Dominion over and his Bounty and Goodness towards all Creatures but Mankind especially And therefore though a Man cannot take too much pains in that which he is to speak from God to Man lest he be proved a False Relater Yet of the two there should be more care had what Prayers he puts up for himself and the whole Congregation unto God lest he be not only a false Worshipper but also lest he suddenly and unadvisedly ask that which may be hurtful unto all And for ought he knows God may at that time be angry with us for our Sins and may hear in his anger and grant And I believe it will be found a greater and more dangerous Sin for the Priest to make the People ask at God's Hands those things which they ought not Besides the Publick Prayers of the Church do teach and inform the People not only how to Pray and so how to Worship but in many things also what to believe as well nay often times better than many Sermons So that ill Praying in Publick contains almost all the Mischiefs that ill Preaching hath in it over and above all the Ill that is proper to it self And so is the more dangerous Sin And therefore the Church cannot be too careful for a set and known Form for Publick Prayer yea and that enjoyned too so it be well weighed before-hand though for Preaching she leave a greater Latitude So upon consideration I think there is more difference between a set Form of Prayer and a set Form of Preaching than that we are invited to the one and not to the other Yet when I hear what Extravagant nay Seditious Preaching there is now-a-days I am strongly tempted to believe that were the like Injunction for Preaching it were far better than that such loose dangerous and most unchristian Preachings as are in many places should continue It seems my Lord hath now done with the First Part of the Waspish-Man's Charge against him for so he is pleased to call it And that is his Lordship's account why he refuses to come to Common-Prayer And now he goes on to the next My Lords let me presume upon your Patience so far farther as to give me leave to speak to the other Imputation laid upon me that I am a Separatist and the greatest in England My Lords very Honourably afforded his Lordship Patience to speak to the other Imputation laid upon him and so shall I very freely But how far and in what Language and upon what Occasion I imputed any thing to his Lordship I have ingenuously declared already And shall add no more till my Lord hath proceeded farther and expressed what he pleases as follows And First I shall say of this Word Separatist as that Learned Man Mr. Hales of Eaton saith in a little Manuscript of his which I have seen That where it may be rightly fixed and deservedly charged it is certainly a great Offence But in common use now among us it is no other than a Theological Scare-crow wherewith the potent and prevalent Party uses to fright and inforce those who are not of their Opinions to subscribe to their Dictates without daring to question them or bring them to any Rule of Examination either of Scripture or Reason And he observeth that this was too usual even in Ancient Times as well as now And First my Lord begins with the Word Separatist And he professes he will say of that as Learned Mr. Hales saith And surely the first part of Mr. Hales is very true That where this Word or the Crime signified by it is rightly fixt and deservedly charged 't is a great Offence But that which follows by my Lord 's good leave and Mr. Hales his too is somewhat too hard a Censure upon the Times and the Persons living in them The Truth is some Men are too apt to Accuse others of Schism and Separation but yet I do not think the Disease is so Epidemical as 't is here expressed As Namely That it is in common use amongst us Perhaps nothing so Common at this Time to call Separatist as to be one Or that it is a Theological Scare-crow by which the potent and prevalent Party uses to affright and enforce those who are not of their Opinions to subscribe to their Dictates Or sure if there be such practice the Fault is in the Persons that use it But even that is no Excuse at all for Schism or Separation because some in an inconsiderate heat Charge that Crime upon such as are not Guilty For perhaps my Lord may say as much as this of Excommunication it self that some are struck with it who deserve it not and yet I hope my Lord hath not proceeded so far as to say that Excommunication is but a Theological Scare-crow And I farther think there are as few at this Day of them whom my Lord calls the potent and prevalent Party which refuse to be brought to any Rule of Examination either of Scripture or Reason as have lived in this Church for some Hundreds of Years past how meanly soever this Lord Esteems them and how narrow soever he thinks their Comprehensions are To conclude this Passage my Lord tells us that Mr. Hales observes farther that this was too usual even in Ancient Times as well as now That some Faults and some Degrees of this Fault were in Ancient