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A53386 The opinions of certaine reverend and learned divines concerning the fundamentall points of the true Protestant religion, and the right government of reformed churches Wherein is declared the plaine path-way to a godly and religious life. Published by authoritie.; Good counsells for the peace of reformed churches. T. I.; Davenant, John, ca. 1572-1641.; Hall, Joseph, 1574-1656.; Morton, Thomas, 1564-1659.; Ussher, James, 1581-1656. 1643 (1643) Wing O356; ESTC R216583 49,936 153

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foundation of our Christian faith what is it else but to revolt from Christ the rocke on which the Church is founded built Of this last Obstacle because it is of speciall use and moment I shall treate somewhat more at large In the first place therefore I conceive that to be a Fundamentall point which by the ordination of God revealing such a truth is of such necessity unto salvation to be knowne and assented unto as that a bare Ignorance much more a wilfull Opposition of it carries with it a certaine perill of exclusion from the kingdome of heaven Divines now-adaies have no Commission to invent or coine any new Articles of this nature and obtrude them on Gods Church that which was not fundamentall in the Apostolicall and Primitive times all our assertions and altercations and Anathema's will never bee able to make it such These first and fundamentall Trueths collected out of the whole body of the Scriptures put together in the Apostles Creed make up that Rule of Faith which S. Austin terme's pusillis magnisque communem a common Rule for all men both great small and which is by him accounted necessary to bee beleived constantly by all Concerning the which that speech of Hilary also is much to the same effect 't is our safest and best course to hold fast that first onely-Evangelicall Faith which we made confession of at our Baptisme And to these fundamentall Trueths the Apostle I beleive had an eye when he stiled Titus his owne sonne {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} after the common Faith This common Faith laid downe in the Apostles Creed proposeth to all Christians to be beleived by them the wonderfull Production of all creatures out of nothing the unsearchable mysterie of the glorious Trinitie the fruit benefit that redound's to miserable sinners from the Incarnation Passion Resurrection and Glorification of Christ what follow's thereupon the Redemption of mankind the Sanctification of the Elect the Communion of Saints the Remission of sins the Resurrection of mens bodies and the Glorifying of the Faithfull He that beleive's all which wee have here comprised in this short Creed and endeavour's to lead his life according to the Commandements and Precepts of our Saviour Christ cannot justly be denied the title of a Christian nor expelled the fellowship and communion of any Christian Church whatsoever On the other side He that shall deny or oppose any one of the said Articles although he arrogate to himselfe the name of a Christian yet is he to be excluded and banished the society of all orthodoxe and sound Christians Besides these there are I confesse many other Trueths contained in the Scriptures and deducible from thence by good and solid consequence which are very profitable to be knowne and of singular use to further us in the knowledge of Divinity but they are then only and not otherwise necessary to be beleived under paine of forfeiture of our salvation or communion with the Church when 't is clearely evidenced unto us that they are contained in Gods word or may necessarily be inferred from it In these points therefore if any particular Church cannot make the Trueth which she her selfe beleive's so cleare and manifest to other Churches as thereby to winne them over to the same beleife shee must forsake them in their Errours but by no meanes may she because of such errours deny them her charity and Communion I adde further that if it should happen that two Churches should vary about some particular place of holy Writ the one conceiving that it confirme's a fundamentall point of Faith and the other thinking that it doth not so yet is not such a difference as this a sufficient cause why they should fall at odds and separate one from another so long as they agree both of them in the Point it selfe and acknowledge it to have cleare solid foundation in other places of God's word And last of all this may be added yet further that 't is not a thing impossible nor any way contrary to the duety of good Christians to entertaine a communion with those Churches which hold such a doctrine as seemes to us inconsistent with some fundamentall Trueth so that in the meane while they doe expresly beleive professe that fundamentall Trueth it selfe For 't is utterly against all Charity yea and Reason too that a man should be thought meerely for some consequences which he neither apprehend's nor grants to deny and reject a fundamentall point which yet he strongly beleive's , expresly affirme's yea and if need so required would not stick to seale the trueth of it with his dearest blood How much truer and more charitable is that opinion of a grave and moderate Divine We must not saith he so much consider what will follow in the thing it selfe from every assertion as what will follow from it in the apprehension and judgement of those who maintaine any such assertion as seeme's to us repugnant to some fundamentall point of Faith For as he who assent's to the trueth of some Principle cannot therefore be said properly to beleive and understand whatsoever and abler Schollar can by consequences infer from that Principle so neither can he who maintaine's a false Opinion justly bee thought to hold all those absurdities which a nimble head easily observe's to adhere unto or follow upon that erroneous Opinion of his We may indeed urge and presse these consequences upon our Brethren to see if haply wee can by this meanes beat them off their errour but malitiously to fasten them upon them as though they were their profest Opinions this we may not doe How farre this extend's and of what excellent use it is to the setling of a brotherly union amongst the Reformed Churches all wise men and such as unfainedly desire the peace of Gods Church will easily perceive For if it once be granted that a Peace and Union is not impossible that is not unlawfull save onely with such as actually disbeleive some fundamentall point of Faith or maintaine some such Heresy as strike's at the heart of Religion and cut's off the Abettors of it from having any communiō with Christ then will it follow that betwixt a sound and a diseased Church betwixt two Churches whereof one is more the other lesse pure there may be such a brotherly communion as we desire among the Germane Churches Let therefore the Orthodoxe Churches separate themselves from all such as have plaid the Apostates fallen away from fundamentall Faith but let them not separate from those which erre onely in points of lesser moment and such as doe not cut off the maintainers of them from being members of the mysticall body of Christ the sole author and fountaine of our salvation The Apostle command's us to receive not reject such as are weake in the Faith And the same Apostle tel's us how that we which are strong ought to beare the
and further the different opinions of private Doctors In a word here 's no use of any Metaphysicall formalities and abstracted notions which serve only to perplex and confound the learned and to deterre such as are unlearned from embracing the Catholike Faith but doe not any way encline the hearts either of one or other to yeild assent and beleife to the fundamentall points of Faith After they have proceeded thus far having drawn up a breife and plaine Forme of all such Points as are by them judged to appertaine unto the substance of that common Faith which is necessary to be known and professed by all Churches having passed by left undecided all such points as are not so generally received agreed upon in the next place moderate peaceable Divines should labour to exhort and perswade all the rest that they would quietly lay aside all controversies and contentions about such points as good Christians may safely be ignorant of without hazard of their salvation and that they would not quarrell any longer about thē to the danger of the Church the losse of her Peace and the scandall of Schisme which is thereby like to fall upon her Of what good use and necessity this advice is may be clearely seen from the rashnesse of the Church of Rome and her clean contrary practice herein who being not content with those Articles delivered in the Apostles Creed and Nicene Creed will needs obtrude upon the Christian world those other new-coin'd Articles of the Trent-conventicle and hath thereby ministred occasion of a perpetuall rent and Schisme amongst the Churches How much more prudently did that blessed Martyr and most learned Father of his Times S. Cyprian behave himselfe who professeth that he would not for difference in opinion contend or strive with any man nor would he break the peace of our Lord with his Brethren or cast off any man from his communion because he was of a different minde from him By which his Christian charity and moderation S. Cyprian though in an errour deserved better of the Church than Stephen Bishop of Rome who was in the right and did by his unquiet spirit as much as in him lay to rend and teare asunder the Churches Thus warranted by the example of this blessed Martyr and likewise by the judgement of S. Austin herein I need not stick to affirme that amongst the Doctors and Divines of Germany those who are in the errour and yet are willing and desirous to retaine a brotherly Communion with the rest are freer further from Schisme in Gods sight than they who are in the Trueth withall disdaine and deny to entertaine such a Communiō with other Churches which seek and sue for it If therefore they can but get an universall consent in all Fundamentalls though in other things there bee some difference amongst private Doctors yet let them all joyne their votes and voices in this prayer to God nulla salus bello pacemte poscimus omnes no safety can be had or hoped for in warre therefore give peace in our time ô Lord But if any here shall demand what course is to be taken about such Controversies as cannot be decided and agreed upon that they may not give any occasion whereby this Peace and Union of the Churches should be hindered or being obtained should afterwards be disturbed and lost I will set down some few rules which to me seeme worthy the observation and practice of Divines on both sides First that whatsoever tart and bitter passages have formerly slipt from Adversaries either by word or writing amids the heat of disputation they should all be pardond on both sides for the publike good and for ever after buried in silence and oblivion And if it happen that any of those books and writings should afterwards be reprinted before they passe the Presse let them first be purged of all gall bitternesse which otherwise would but rub up and renew the old sore of strife contention amongst brethren Secondly Because no man can with patience heare himselfe branded with Heresie heed must be taken that none be slandered with the name of Nestorian Eutychian or any other condemned Hereticke so long as he doth expresly denie and disclaime the damn'd Opinions of such Hereticks seeing it is utterly impossible that ever they should continue firme in a brotherly Communion and concord who for every petty difference in Opinion cease not by such reproachfull and reviling termes to provoke and exasperate one another And it were to be wished further that those siding names of Lutherans Zuinglians Calvinists were all laid aside which are badges rather of Faction than any fraternall Union anh such as the ancient Fathers could never approve of Epiphanius would not allow Christians to beare any {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} any other name added over above to the name of Christian but rest content with that Non Petrianos non Paulinos vocari nos oportet sed Christianos who ought not to be called either Petrians or Paulians but Christians saith Nazianzen But of all others Lactantius is the most severe and rigorous herein Christiani esse desierunt qui Christi nomine omisso humana externa vocabula induerunt they have left off to be Christians who take up forraigne titles and humane appellations instead of the name Christian though to say the trueth such names are rather fasten'd and father'd on particular Churches by others than by themselves either desired or owned Thirdly that all profound and controverted Points be let alone and not medled with in Sermons preached to the common people or in any such books as are publisht in the Vulgar tongue let them be accounted rather the exercise and busines of the Schooles than any fit food nourishment for men's soules Such perplex'd Disputes may very well be spared in the Pulpit but Charity which usually is impaired by the handling and discussing of them cannot be spared or wanting amongst Christians without the utmost danger and hazard of their soules The common people doe but play and sport with such Controversies they are no whit profited by them and in the end not well understanding them they give over sporting and fall a quarrelling and contending about them Last of all if Divines shall hereafter have a minde to disperse or publish and Discourses about these Points let them doe it according to that grave advice of Greg. Nazianzen {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} with reasons not revilings let their aimes intentions be not to non-plus and baffle but rather fairely and freindly to informe and reduce their straying brother into the way of Trueth Hee that shall after this manner be brought to see and forsake his Errour will not thinke himselfe vanquished but instructed nor will he be abasht and asham'd like one over matcht overcome by his Adversary but rather rejoyce as one better'd and benefited by his
mercy of God that God found not any cause or occasion in those whom hee elected the sight whereof might move him to chuse them rather than others but that he did from all eternity reprobate and praedestinate to eternall damnation such as persevere and persist in their sinnes and infidelity not by any rigid and absolute decree without having any respect or regard to sin but out of his most just judgement so as all the cause the blame of it ought to be sought for in the men themselves In this they are at a stand that the foresight of Faith and Perseverance is by the reverend Divines of Saxony placed before the act of God's Election so as God did from everlasting foreordaine such as he fore-saw would in time beleive c. Certainly of all the Questions about Praedestination this concerning the order of his Decree is least materiall seeing we know assuredly that the infinite all-wise disposer of things performes all this with one single most simple act There is nothing more certain than that God did foresee who would beleive and that he did praedestinate such as should be saved let but this then be granted which they of Saxony willingly professe that Faith is the sole gift of God and that whatsoever good there is in the Elect all of it doth originally proceed from the free grace meere mercy of God which was bestowed on them in Jesus Christ from all Eternity I say let this be granted and doubtlesse there can be no danger in that Opinion of Praevision or fore-sight God from everlasting fore-saw that which he himselfe from everlasting decreed to bestow in time upon such as should beleive All this is sound and safe nor is there any cause why any further strife contention should be made here about In all this I embrace and applaud this Christian and brotherly moderation and holy desires of Peace thus it becomes Christians thus it becomes Divines I am much deceived if this modest and seasonable appeasing and calming of men's minds doe's not promise a firme and perpetuall Peace to God's Church Thou God of Peace in thy good time accomplish it give eare to the prayers of thy People and grant that all Christians may be of one heart and one way till at length we come by Thee who art the Way to Thee who art the Life Amen Amen From the Palace at Exceter Febr. 25. 1634. Which is the humble daily and devout prayer of JOS EXON Afterwards the same Mr John Dury sent unto the Ld Bishop of Exceter a Coppy of a certaine pious and peaceable Decree made published by a generall vote at a publike Meeting of the States in Franckfort requesting his Opinion concerning the meanes and manner how this good worke might be advanced where unto he had returned him this Answer TO HIS MOST FAITHfull learned and loving freind Mr JOHN DURY all happinesse SIR IHave read over with a great deale of delight the Transcript you sent me of that Decree for Peace which was lately signed by all the Protestant States and Delegates assembled at Franckfort than which Decree nothing in my Opinion could possibly have been devised more full of prudence and religion nor doe I see as the case now stand's what more could be once hoped for or what could possibly have beene proposed and resolved upon that might more conduce to the advancement of the publike Peace which all good men so much wish and desire Thus it was meet that the holy Citizens of God's Church that pious Princes and Peeres should thus carefully provide for the Peace and safety of Christendome And blessed be God the bestower of every good gift the Author of Peace who did put into their noble hearts those holy desires and purposes may the same good God be pleased at length to finish this his owne work so hopefully begun and crowne it with successe And truely neither our prayers nor our utmost endeavours shall ever be wanting hereunto neither know I well upon what hopes it is but methinkes my mind doth confidently promise and praesage a happy issue to this holy enterprise For indeed what a small and slender hedge is it which now divide s and part 's us We doe all of us of the Reformation receive and approve the same Scriptures the same Creeds the same Augustane Confession onely in one Article the sense is so doubtfully expressed that the Author himselfe did not thinke it safe to adhere to the letter of it The foundation of the Christian Faith is amongst us all one and the same entire and unshaken there 's not so much as one stone in it or the least peice of coement about which any question either is or can be made Upon this Foundation there are built certain Points of Schoole-divinity about which alone we so hotly contend but what are these to a Christian What are these to Salvation In what a safe and quiet state might the affaires of Christendome have been if such nice Disputes of curious and over-busie heads had never been heard of if learned men could have contented thēselves with some generall formes of expressing the Trueth and not presently to have sifted Divinity so over-nearly as they have done But seeing these strifes which are not onely unprofitable but very hurtfull and prejudiciall to both sides are thus unfortunately raised what better advice can be thought upon for the setling and composing of these stirres than that the Faith be brought back againe to its primitive simplicitie and plainenesse by the publike authority and joynt consent of the Christian Church And that in this confused mixture and multiplicity of matters of beleife the Christian world be taught warily to distinguish betwixt the genuine and proper Articles of Faith and the lesse necessary additions of Schoole-conclusions which truely in this very businesse is a matter of no great difficulty to performe This especially is fundamentall Christ is both God and Man and so likewise this Christ God and Man is truely omniscient omnipotent omnipresent now if any shall adde further Jesus Christ according to his humane nature is omniscient omnipotent omnipresent truely that word according seemes to be farre off from the Foundation 't is a Scholasticall notion and to be turned over to profest Divines but it is not fit the Salvation of plaine and illiterate Christians should be made to hang and depend upon such a subtle and nice Point as this is Can these knowe or are they bound to know how farre the vertue of the hypostaticall Union extend's it selfe or what the bounds are either of those faculties or operations which flow from that union of the two natures Certainely if God had intended this for a necessary Point to be knowne by all men he would not so sparingly and obscurely have revealed unto his Church a mystery so fundamentall and important I dispute not the trueth of the Point nor is this pertinent to my purpose onely I question whether it