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christian_n christian_a church_n jewish_a 1,506 5 9.5679 5 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A34065 The examiner examined being a vindication of the History of liturgies / by T.C., D.D. Comber, Thomas, 1645-1699. 1691 (1691) Wing C5465; ESTC R23336 57,285 70

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unexceptionable_a by_o imitate_v that_o method_n which_o god_n and_o inspire_a age_n have_v set_v they_o which_o be_v enjoin_v form_n take_v out_o of_o the_o psalm_n and_o other_o place_n of_o holy_a scripture_n and_o out_o of_o such_o ancient_a composure_n as_o be_v no_o way_n repugnant_a to_o it_o but_o further_a i_o cite_v six_o learned_a author_n in_o the_o margin_n and_o two_o in_o the_o text_n to_o prove_v the_o jew_n ancient_o have_v a_o liturgy_n mr._n s._n b._n know_v the_o thing_n can_v not_o be_v deny_v wherefore_o he_o politic_o pretend_v it_o will_v be_v too_o great_a a_o diversion_n to_o inquire_v whether_o their_o proof_n be_v solid_a and_o intimate_v he_o can_v show_v that_o two_o of_o my_o author_n build_v their_o proof_n for_o some_o thing_n upon_o unjustifiable_a authority_n this_o be_v to_o evade_v not_o to_o answer_v sure_o it_o be_v the_o business_n of_o a_o examiner_n to_o inquire_v and_o to_o say_v he_o can_v do_v that_o which_o he_o do_v not_o when_o there_o 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for_o no_o man_n who_o consider_v will_v think_v that_o christ_n and_o his_o apostle_n join_v in_o the_o jewish_a worship_n before_o it_o be_v full_o abrogate_a can_v oblige_v we_o to_o copy_n out_o their_o whole_a service_n after_o the_o ceremonial_a law_n be_v dead_a and_o long_o since_o bury_v pag._n 6._o that_o christ_n do_v collect_v his_o prayer_n out_o of_o the_o jewish_a form_n and_o order_v his_o disciple_n to_o add_v it_o to_o their_o other_o prayer_n as_o a_o badge_n of_o their_o relation_n to_o he_o be_v too_o so_o true_a and_o so_o well_o prove_v by_o variety_n of_o learned_a man_n that_o mr._n s._n b._n instead_o of_o disprove_v the_o premise_n terrify_v we_o with_o another_o dangerous_a consequence_n which_o be_v that_o this_o be_v a_o reflection_n on_o the_o infinite_a wisdom_n of_o the_o son_n of_o god_n this_o make_v i_o think_v of_o he_o david_n speak_v of_o psal_n l._n 21._o who_o think_v wicked_o god_n be_v even_o such_o a_o one_o as_o himself_o some_o man_n fancy_n it_o be_v a_o reflection_n on_o their_o gift_n and_o great_a part_n not_o to_o be_v at_o liberty_n to_o show_v they_o in_o extempore_o composure_n and_o will_v needs_o apply_v this_o to_o the_o bless_a jesus_n who_o indeed_o have_v the_o spirit_n without_o measure_n and_o be_v infinite_o able_a to_o make_v what_o new_a prayer_n he_o please_v extempore_o but_o our_o dear_a lord_n design_v not_o on_o all_o occasion_n to_o show_v his_o infinite_a ability_n he_o come_v to_o teach_v we_o humility_n and_o submission_n to_o innocent_a establishment_n and_o so_o may_v judge_v it_o more_o expedient_a for_o his_o disciple_n to_o collect_v a_o prayer_n out_o of_o the_o practical_a part_n of_o the_o jewish_a liturgy_n indict_v at_o first_o by_o man_n who_o have_v the_o spirit_n of_o god_n than_o to_o make_v a_o new_a one_o and_o if_o they_o be_v real_o endue_v with_o his_o spirit_n who_o pretend_v to_o it_o they_o will_v follow_v his_o example_n herein_o and_o not_o for_o ostentation_n of_o their_o imaginary_a ability_n reject_v our_o lawful_a enjoin_v form_n disturb_v our_o peace_n and_o leave_v our_o communion_n however_o since_o it_o be_v certain_a our_o lord_n do_v collect_v his_o prayer_n out_o of_o the_o jewish_a form_n it_o be_v they_o who_o make_v frivolous_a consequence_n from_o hence_o who_o reflect_v upon_o he_o not_o they_o who_o relate_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n for_o which_o doubtless_o our_o saviour_n have_v excellent_a reason_n and_o far_o better_a perhaps_o than_o we_o be_v able_a to_o assign_v like_o to_o this_o be_v he_o last_o frightful_a consequence_n that_o this_o will_v prove_v our_o saviour_n will_v have_v his_o follower_n compose_v form_n only_o out_o of_o the_o liturgy_n of_o the_o jew_n if_o he_o mean_v this_o of_o the_o ceremonial_a part_n of_o it_o it_o be_v evident_o false_a for_o christ_n do_v not_o collect_v one_o petition_n from_o thence_o if_o he_o mean_v from_o the_o moral_a part_n of_o it_o i_o see_v no_o harm_n in_o the_o consequence_n at_o all_o and_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o primitive_a christian_n do_v use_v the_o psalm_n the_o hosannah_n haleluia_o holy_a holy_a holy_a etc._n etc._n and_o other_o old_a testament-form_n in_o their_o service_n which_o be_v part_n of_o the_o jewish_a liturgy_n but_o it_o can_v never_o be_v the_o intent_n of_o christ_n to_o oblige_v we_o to_o collect_v our_o whole_a liturgy_n from_o thence_o because_o he_o teach_v new_a doctrine_n and_o institute_v new_a rite_n and_o give_v his_o apostle_n a_o miraculous_a gift_n on_o purpose_n to_o suit_v new_a administration_n to_o that_o which_o be_v new_a in_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o the_o early_a agreement_n of_o those_o distant_a church_n which_o they_o plant_v in_o these_o administration_n not_o only_o as_o to_o the_o method_n but_o the_o main_a word_n of_o they_o be_v a_o
who_o know_v the_o essenes_n better_a affirm_v they_o have_v form_n of_o prayer_n so_o that_o the_o thing_n be_v certain_o true_a and_o sufficient_o prove_v and_o philo_n add_v they_o be_v wont_n every_o day_n to_o pray_v morning_n and_o evening_n de_fw-fr vit_fw-fr contempt_n pag._n 893._o which_o eusebius_n leave_v out_o as_o he_o also_o do_v many_o other_o thing_n about_o the_o essenes_n in_o philo_n content_v himself_o to_o tell_v we_o that_o this_o book_n of_o philo_n which_o describe_v their_o practice_n contain_v all_o the_o rule_n and_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n in_o his_o time_n and_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o book_n itself_o for_o full_a satisfaction_n so_o that_o the_o most_o he_o can_v make_v of_o this_o objection_n be_v that_o eusebius_n do_v not_o express_o mention_v their_o prayer_n in_o form_n but_o he_o mention_n their_o hymn_n in_o form_n which_o be_v so_o near_o of_o kin_n to_o prayer_n and_o general_o contain_v petition_n as_o well_o as_o praise_n that_o the_o one_o make_v it_o probable_a both_o be_v form_n however_o josephus_n put_v it_o past_o all_o doubt_n and_o therefore_o my_o point_n be_v gain_v which_o be_v that_o the_o first_o we_o read_v of_o who_o be_v take_v to_o be_v christian_n have_v and_o use_v form_n both_o of_o prayer_n and_o praise_n §_o 2._o pag._n 14._o clemens_n romanus_n be_v my_o next_o author_n who_o use_v the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o a_o order_n or_o form_n of_o divine_a office_n and_o speak_v of_o a_o determine_a rule_n of_o ministration_n mr._n s._n b._n pretend_v i_o mistake_v the_o sense_n of_o this_o word_n which_o he_o say_v signify_v a_o business_n office_n or_o work_v and_o in_o his_o false_a and_o force_a paraphrase_n of_o this_o place_n apply_v it_o to_o the_o work_n of_o layman_n ordinary_n call_v to_o confute_v which_o design_v mistake_v i_o shall_v give_v this_o brief_a account_n of_o the_o author_n and_o submit_v it_o to_o their_o judgement_n who_o can_v read_v the_o original_a there_o be_v a_o schism_n at_o corinth_n some_o of_o the_o pastor_n despise_v the_o people_n and_o some_o of_o the_o people_n intrude_a into_o the_o pastor_n office_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o this_o epistle_n wherein_o clemens_n advise_v they_o to_o leave_v divine_a administration_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o to_o submit_v to_o they_o as_o soldier_n to_o their_o captain_n and_o the_o member_n to_o their_o head_n he_o order_v the_o inferior_n to_o be_v submissive_a and_o the_o superior_n not_o to_o be_v proud_a and_o then_o come_v in_o the_o first_o place_n cite_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d let_v all_o thing_n be_v do_v in_o order_n whatever_o the_o lord_n have_v command_v we_o to_o perform_v and_o let_v the_o oblation_n and_o liturgy_n be_v celebrate_v at_o the_o certain_a or_o appoint_a time_n clemens_n imitate_v s._n paul_n 1_o cor._n fourteen_o 40._o and_o speak_v of_o divine_a office_n as_o well_o as_o he_o advise_v that_o in_o they_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v do_v in_o 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ordinary_a business_n which_o the_o whole_a period_n contradict_v for_o where_o do_v christ_n require_v layman_n to_o do_v all_o their_o business_n in_o order_n where_o have_v he_o prescribe_v the_o manner_n and_o set-time_n for_o layman_n work_n and_o the_o next_o sentence_n in_o clemens_n baffle_v this_o pretence_n also_o for_o he_o go_v on_o thus_o the_o lord_n have_v not_o only_o determine_v the_o season_n for_o these_o but_o also_o where_o and_o by_o who_o they_o must_v be_v perform_v be_v this_o true_a of_o man_n ordinary_a calling_n so_o that_o they_o who_o make_v their_o oblation_n at_o the_o set-time_n be_v accept_v and_o bless_v and_o can_v err_v since_o they_o obey_v god_n even_o as_o the_o chief-priest_n have_v his_o proper_a liturgy_n appoint_v the_o priest_n and_o levites_n they_o and_o the_o laity_n be_v oblige_v to_o lay-duty_n it_o be_v not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d there_o we_o see_v he_o compare_v the_o order_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n to_o that_o of_o the_o jew_n where_o there_o be_v a_o prescribe_a rule_n for_o the_o high_a priest_n priest_n and_o levite_n to_o officiate_v by_o which_o he_o call_v a_o liturgy_n as_o he_o have_v name_v the_o rule_n for_o christian_a priest_n performance_n of_o divine_a office_n before_o and_o the_o comparison_n show_v as_o well_o the_o same_o word_n that_o the_o christian_n be_v prescribe_v as_o well_o as_o the_o jew_n as_o also_o he_o suppose_v layman_n may_v not_o meddle_v with_o these_o office_n now_o have_v duty_n of_o their_o own_o as_o well_o as_o under_o the_o law_n and_o from_o this_o order_n in_o the_o mosaic_a oeconomy_n clemens_n infer_v that_o the_o christian_a clergy_n be_v every_o one_o of_o they_o in_o his_o proper_a place_n to_o offer_v up_o the_o eucharist_n to_o god_n keep_v a_o good_a conscience_n and_o with_o all_o gravity_n keep_v close_o to_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o determine_a rule_n of_o his_o liturgy_n which_o refer_v to_o those_o various_a part_n of_o the_o office_n which_o be_v perform_v some_o by_o the_o bishop_n other_o by_o the_o priest_n or_o deacon_n and_o every_o one_o part_n be_v allot_v by_o the_o liturgy_n which_o therefore_o must_v at_o least_o be_v as_o i_o note_v before_o a_o fix_a rule_n or_o order_n for_o divine_a administration_n and_o if_o they_o need_v such_o a_o prescribe_a order_n then_o and_o have_v one_o as_o well_o as_o the_o son_n of_o levi_n in_o this_o inspire_a age_n we_o need_v a_o complete_a liturgy_n enjoin_v now_o when_o inspiration_n be_v cease_v clemens_n go_v on_o to_o show_v what_o christ_n have_v determine_v about_o the_o place_n where_o and_o the_o person_n by_o who_o divine_a office_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v pag._n 95_o 97._o and_o the_o whole_a discourse_n show_v the_o shameful_a prevarication_n of_o mr._n s._n b._n in_o explain_v these_o passage_n of_o all_o christian_a people_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o ordinary_a work_n when_o in_o one_o page_n viz._n pag._n 92._o it_o be_v thrice_o use_v for_o the_o rule_n for_o celebrate_v divine_a office_n which_o be_v fix_v and_o prescribe_v and_o that_o be_v a_o good_a step_n towards_o a_o enjoin_v liturgy_n invariable_o to_o be_v use_v if_o it_o be_v not_o the_o very_a thing_n itself_o §_o 3_o pag._n 15._o pliny_n relate_v that_o the_o christian_n say_v a_o hymn_n carmen_fw-la alternate_o to_o christ_n as_o god_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n my_o examiner_n say_v this_o only_a relate_v to_o psalm_n or_o hymn_n and_o i_o will_v draw_v in_o prayer_n with_o they_o which_o pliny_n speak_v not_o of_o but_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v say_v this_o till_o he_o answer_v the_o proof_n i_o bring_v in_o my_o 23d_o page_n that_o carmen_fw-la among_o the_o roman_n signify_v any_o solemn_a form_n and_o be_v often_o use_v for_o a_o prayer_n and_o till_o he_o have_v confute_v the_o observation_n i_o make_v that_o pliny_n do_v not_o express_v it_o that_o they_o sing_v but_o say_v this_o carmen_fw-la which_o make_v it_o probable_a it_o may_v be_v a_o prayer_n and_o we_o know_v the_o christian_n use_v prayer_n as_o well_o as_o hymn_n to_o christ_n moreover_o pliny_n evident_o describe_v all_o the_o service_n by_o this_o word_n and_o whatever_o it_o note_n prayer_n or_o praise_n it_o be_v certain_a they_o be_v in_o form_n because_o they_o say_v they_o alternate_o and_o final_o if_o it_o do_v signify_v hymn_n i_o give_v many_o reason_n why_o the_o prayer_n and_o the_o hymn_n may_v be_v alike_o all_o which_o to_o pag._n 25._o though_o fit_a enough_o to_o be_v examine_v mr._n s._n b._n whole_o pass_v by_o which_o be_v to_o i_o a_o confession_n that_o he_o can_v give_v no_o reason_n why_o this_o testimony_n shall_v not_o be_v evidence_n for_o the_o use_n of_o form_n both_o in_o their_o prayer_n and_o
praise_n he_o only_o catch_v at_o one_o expression_n pag._n 24._o and_o say_v pliny_n '_o s_o account_n of_o the_o christian_n do_v not_o exact_o agree_v with_o that_o of_o eusebius_n concern_v the_o essenes_n he_o single_v out_o eusebius_n only_o to_o cavil_v whereas_o i_o do_v not_o name_n eusebius_n here_o but_o refer_v to_o the_o whole_a account_n give_v before_o of_o the_o essenes_n by_o josephus_n philo_n and_o eusebius_n pag._n 20._o where_o it_o appear_v that_o those_o essenes_n exact_o agree_v with_o pliny_n christian_n first_o in_o the_o use_n of_o form_n second_o in_o use_v they_o alternate_o and_o three_o in_o use_v they_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n this_o be_v all_o the_o agreement_n i_o mention_v and_o all_o my_o question_n oblige_v i_o to_o consider_v for_o this_o still_o confirm_v the_o early_a use_n of_o form_n and_o make_v it_o probable_a those_o essenes_n be_v christian_n who_o have_v use_v they_o even_o from_o the_o time_n of_o s._n mark_n §_o 4._o pag._n 16._o ignatius_n testify_v that_o the_o christian_n in_o their_o assembly_n have_v one_o prayer_n and_o one_o supplication_n mr._n s._n b._n say_v i_o take_v this_o for_o a_o solid_a proof_n of_o a_o fix_a liturgy_n but_o i_o infer_v no_o more_o from_o this_o and_o another_o place_n pag._n 26._o than_o that_o it_o be_v probable_a from_o hence_o there_o be_v then_o one_o form_n of_o prayer_n and_o administer_a the_o sacrament_n approve_v by_o the_o bishop_n and_o this_o consequence_n will_v be_v plain_a if_o we_o consider_v that_o ignatius_n be_v speak_v of_o public_a prayer_n and_o in_o that_o will_v have_v the_o magnesian_o do_v nothing_o without_o the_o bishop_n and_o presbyter_n and_o not_o to_o make_v trial_n of_o all_o thing_n agree_v to_o their_o own_o fancy_n this_o passage_n mr._n s._n b._n leave_v out_o because_o it_o censure_v extempore_o prayer_n but_o when_o they_o meet_v to_o pray_v they_o must_v have_v all_o one_o prayer_n and_o one_o supplication_n in_o common_a so_o mr._n s._n b_n edition_n read_v it_o now_o then_o the_o prayer_n they_o be_v to_o use_v be_v allow_v by_o the_o bishop_n and_o not_o such_o as_o agree_v to_o private_a minister_n fancy_n it_o be_v one_o prayer_n and_o supplication_n use_v by_o all_o in_o common_a all_o which_o be_v the_o proper_a description_n of_o a_o liturgy_n whereas_o a_o extempore_o prayer_n be_v so_o various_a it_o can_v be_v approve_v that_o agree_v to_o private_a and_o single_a minister_n fancy_n it_o be_v daily_o vary_v and_o so_o not_o one_o speak_v by_o the_o minister_n alone_o and_o so_o not_o repeat_v by_o all_o in_o common_a but_o a_o form_n be_v proper_o one_o and_o the_o same_o prayer_n and_o so_o s._n chrysostom_n when_o he_o describe_v the_o priest_n and_o people_n vocal_o repeat_v the_o form_n of_o confession_n use_v this_o very_a phrase_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hom._n 18_o in_o 2_o cor._n they_o all_o repeat_v one_o prayer_n as_o to_o the_o bishop_n approbation_n the_o second_o quotation_n make_v that_o necessary_a to_o every_o authentic_a celebration_n of_o the_o eucharist_n and_o baptism_n and_o i_o know_v not_o how_o a_o bishop_n can_v tell_v whether_o he_o shall_v approve_v or_o disapprove_v of_o any_o form_n of_o celebration_n make_v extempore_o he_o must_v see_v it_o write_v down_o before_o he_o can_v judge_v of_o it_o so_o that_o here_o we_o have_v very_o fair_a evidence_n of_o prayer_n litany_n and_o sacramental_a administration_n in_o form_n approve_v by_o the_o bishop_n mr._n s._n b._n will_v evade_v this_o by_o say_v one_o prayer_n imply_v no_o more_o than_o a_o prayer_n in_o which_o all_o join_a but_o if_o that_o be_v true_a it_o may_v be_v a_o form_n still_o because_o the_o most_o apparent_a method_n for_o all_o to_o join_v in_o one_o prayer_n be_v for_o all_o to_o pray_v by_o one_o form_n and_o they_o who_o come_v together_o daily_o to_o say_v a_o different_a prayer_n rather_o join_v in_o several_a prayer_n than_o in_o one_o beside_o ignatius_n his_o one_o prayer_n be_v not_o the_o product_n of_o private_a fancy_n it_o be_v some_o fix_a know_a thing_n capable_a of_o be_v consider_v and_o approve_v by_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o constant_a use_n of_o it_o be_v make_v the_o mark_n of_o one_o who_o be_v in_o communion_n with_o his_o bishop_n that_o be_v in_o s._n chrysostom_n sense_n one_o form_n repeat_v in_o common_a between_o the_o bishop_n or_o priest_n and_o the_o people_n i_o only_o add_v that_o when_o mr._n s._n b._n take_v notice_n that_o ignatius_n will_v have_v all_o that_o live_v under_o a_o orthodox_n and_o sound_a bishop_n join_v in_o communion_n with_o he_o in_o the_o use_n of_o that_o prayer_n and_o way_n of_o administration_n which_o he_o approve_v he_o have_v a_o fair_a occasion_n to_o have_v see_v some_o fault_n on_o the_o dissenter_n side_n who_o now_o can_v deny_v but_o their_o bishop_n be_v orthodox_n and_o yet_o separate_v from_o their_o communion_n pag._n 17._o i_o prove_v both_o by_o socrates_n and_o photius_n that_o ignatius_n first_o bring_v the_o way_n of_o sing_a hymn_n by_o way_n of_o antiphone_fw-la into_o the_o church_n of_o antioch_n valesius_n note_n on_o this_o passage_n enable_v mr._n s._n b._n to_o quarrel_n at_o this_o and_o say_v that_o the_o learned_a general_o count_v this_o relation_n of_o socrates_n to_o be_v fabulous_a and_o that_o theodoret_n be_v positive_a that_o flavianus_n and_o diodorus_n first_o bring_v in_o this_o way_n there_o i_o reply_v he_o despise_v the_o opinion_n of_o learned_a man_n when_o it_o be_v not_o on_o his_o side_n see_v pag._n 37._o and_o here_o he_o appeal_v to_o it_o but_o mistake_v it_o for_o it_o be_v the_o vision_n of_o angel_n who_o teach_v ignatius_n thus_o to_o sing_v as_o socrates_n say_v which_o some_o of_o the_o learned_a count_n fabulous_a but_o divers_a learned_a man_n think_v it_o very_o probable_a that_o ignatius_n may_v set_v up_o this_o way_n of_o sing_v at_o antioch_n for_o moses_n by_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n teach_v the_o israelite_n to_o sing_v thus_o in_o the_o wilderness_n exod._n xv_o thus_o they_o sing_v in_o the_o temple-service_n the_o choir_n of_o angel_n in_o the_o vision_n of_o isaiah_n sing_v by_o way_n of_o antiphone_fw-la isai_n vi_fw-la so_o do_v the_o essenes_n in_o philo_n and_o the_o asian_n christian_n in_o pliny_n before_o ignatius_n time_n and_o can_v it_o be_v unlikely_a he_o shall_v set_v up_o this_o way_n at_o antioch_n especial_o since_o flavianus_n and_o diodorus_n as_o mr._n s._n b._n grant_v have_v it_o from_o the_o syrian_n the_o old_a inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n where_o antioch_n stand_v as_o for_o theodoret_n he_o speak_v not_o of_o hymn_n but_o say_v flavianus_n and_o diodorus_n first_o bring_v in_o the_o alternate_a sing_n of_o david_n psalm_n at_o antioch_n which_o may_v be_v true_a though_o ignatius_n have_v begin_v to_o sing_v hymn_n there_o by_o way_n of_o antiphone_fw-la long_o before_o nor_o be_o i_o so_o concern_v for_o this_o proof_n as_o my_o examiner_n think_v because_o he_o may_v see_v i_o have_v sufficient_a evidence_n without_o it_o to_o show_v that_o hymn_n be_v prescribe_v form_n and_o sing_v alternate_o in_o this_o first_o century_n and_o he_o pass_v over_o in_o silence_n a_o plain_a testimony_n of_o i_o pag._n 28._o prove_v that_o hymn_n be_v prescribe_v in_o form_n almost_o from_o the_o beginning_n of_o christianity_n and_o be_v so_o know_v as_o to_o be_v cite_v for_o good_a authority_n in_o point_n of_o faith_n in_o the_o next_o century_n wherefore_o i_o have_v show_v that_o in_o this_o age_n wherein_o there_o be_v so_o many_o extraordinary_o inspire_a they_o choose_v to_o use_v form_n both_o of_o prayer_n and_o praise_n and_o if_o they_o who_o need_v not_o form_n use_v they_o of_o choice_n as_o the_o best_a way_n of_o worship_n our_o age_n which_o need_v they_o may_v well_o enjoin_v they_o the_o second_o century_n §_o 1._o from_o that_o prayer_n which_o begin_v with_o the_o father_n and_o end_v with_o the_o hymn_n of_o many_o name_n in_o lucian_n where_o he_o describe_v and_o deride_v a_o christian_a assembly_n i_o infer_v that_o the_o christian_n than_o have_v prayer_n and_o hymn_n know_v by_o their_o proper_a title_n which_o imply_v they_o use_v form_n in_o public_a mr._n s._n b._n first_o question_n whether_o this_o be_v a_o christian_a assembly_n and_o perhaps_o he_o be_v the_o first_o and_o only_a man_n that_o ever_o do_v question_v it_o mr._n mede_n cite_v this_o very_a place_n to_o prove_v the_o christian_n have_v church_n in_o lucian_n time_n see_v his_o disc_n of_o church_n tom._n l._n pag._n 22._o and_o the_o learned_a note_n of_o wooverus_n and_o heraldus_n on_o minutius_n foelix_n cite_v this_o dialogue_n of_o lucian_n to_o prove_v the_o christian_n of_o that_o age_n be_v pale_a with_o fast_v not._n in_o min._n foel_n pag._n
109._o lugd._n bat._n 1672._o second_o the_o examiner_n think_v lucian_n here_o design_v to_o ridicule_n pagan_a as_o well_o as_o christian_a religion_n i_o reply_v he_o begin_v the_o dialogue_n with_o a_o jocular_a representation_n of_o the_o argument_n use_v by_o christian_n against_o swear_v by_o the_o heathen_a god_n with_o design_n only_o to_o render_v christianity_n odious_a to_o the_o pagan_n but_o the_o latter_a part_n whence_o this_o passage_n be_v cite_v be_v whole_o take_v up_o in_o a_o direct_a expose_v of_o christianity_n witness_v his_o jeer_n upon_o the_o name_n of_o christ_n his_o mention_n of_o catechuman_n his_o scoff_v at_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o trinity_n providence_n and_o a_o future-state_n with_o his_o intimate_v the_o christian_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o magician_n yea_o at_o last_o mr._n s._n b._n grant_v he_o may_v design_v this_o as_o a_o reflection_n on_o their_o way_n of_o pray_v to_o one_o person_n first_o and_o then_o conclude_v as_o if_o they_o pray_v to_o many_o he_o shall_v have_v say_v praise_v many_o for_o the_o end_n be_v a_o hymn_n of_o many_o name_n and_o if_o this_o be_v lucian_n sense_n that_o they_o have_v a_o prayer_n beginning_n with_o the_o father_n and_o a_o hymn_n in_o the_o conclusion_n call_v the_o hymn_n of_o many_o name_n then_o christian_n use_v some_o certain_a form_n both_o of_o prayer_n and_o praise_n which_o have_v certain_a beginning_n and_o proper_a title_n so_o as_o such_o as_o hear_v they_o may_v give_v they_o the_o name_n by_o which_o they_o be_v common_o know_v the_o prayer_n have_v a_o certain_a beginning_n and_o the_o hymn_n if_o it_o be_v not_o the_o trisagion_n must_v be_v in_o form_n as_o all_o hymn_n general_o be_v as_o for_o his_o wonder_n how_o a_o jeer_a pagan_n can_v be_v admit_v to_o hear_v the_o prayer_n which_o be_v then_o conceal_v from_o heathen_n it_o may_v be_v news_n to_o he_o what_o suidas_n and_o other_o say_v of_o lucian_n that_o he_o be_v a_o christian_a yea_o a_o preacher_n at_o antioch_n before_o his_o apostasy_n and_o that_o enable_v he_o to_o know_v all_o the_o doctrine_n and_o worship_n of_o the_o christian_n think_v it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o the_o blasphemy_n and_o rail_a of_o this_o and_o other_o apostate_n contribute_v to_o make_v they_o still_o more_o cautious_a to_o conceal_v their_o mystery_n of_o which_o the_o next_o age_n afford_v store_n of_o evidence_n §_o 2._o pag._n 19_o i_o observe_v justin_n martyr_n show_v some_o inclination_n this_o way_n for_o though_o he_o write_v of_o the_o christian_a worship_n yet_o he_o give_v no_o account_n of_o the_o particular_a word_n use_v in_o celebrate_v it_o the_o examiner_n say_v he_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o say_v they_o have_v form_n i_o reply_v i_o have_v prove_v by_o other_o evidence_n they_o have_v form_n and_o both_o jew_n and_o gentile_n then_o worship_v god_n by_o form_n so_o that_o his_o silence_n argue_v the_o christian_n have_v not_o alter_v that_o point_n whereas_o a_o new_a way_n will_v have_v need_v some_o apology_n but_o he_o find_v i_o in_o a_o great_a mistake_n about_o baptism_n the_o word_n of_o which_o he_o say_v justin_n martyr_n relate_v viz._n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n of_o all_o thing_n the_o lord_n god_n and_o of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n and_o of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n but_o the_o mistake_n will_v prove_v on_o his_o side_n for_o i_o see_v these_o word_n but_o i_o affirm_v they_o be_v not_o the_o very_a word_n by_o which_o they_o do_v baptise_v but_o a_o paraphrase_n on_o they_o as_o the_o learned_a vossius_fw-la declare_v see_v hist_o lit._n par_fw-fr 2._o ch_z 4._o pag._n 252._o so_o that_o this_o description_n as_o well_o as_o that_o cautious_a expression_n of_o regenerate_v new_a convert_v as_o we_o be_v regenerate_v be_v intend_v to_o disguise_v the_o mysterious_a form_n which_o no_o sober_a man_n can_v imagine_v the_o christian_n of_o this_o early_a and_o pure_a age_n shall_v alter_v so_o much_o from_o that_o which_o jesus_n prescribe_v and_o to_o confirm_v my_o opinion_n that_o justin_n martyr_n be_v for_o conceal_v the_o word_n of_o their_o worship_n i_o observe_v that_o he_o say_v the_o catechuman_n be_v teach_v to_o pray_v now_o they_o can_v not_o pray_v without_o a_o form_n we_o may_v be_v sure_a yet_o justin_n do_v not_o tell_v we_o what_o this_o form_n be_v though_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o next_o age_n assure_v we_o it_o be_v the_o lord_n prayer_n which_o the_o catechuman_n learn_v just_a before_o baptism_n again_o he_o do_v not_o mention_v divers_a ceremony_n of_o the_o eucharist_n and_o baptism_n such_o as_o the_o kiss_n of_o charity_n repeat_v the_o creed_n renounce_v the_o devil_n etc._n etc._n though_o learned_a man_n believe_v these_o be_v in_o use_n in_o his_o time_n but_o he_o write_v to_o heathen_n and_o will_v not_o give_v they_o a_o account_n of_o the_o particular_a rite_n in_o christian_a worship_n and_o though_o his_o general_a expression_n and_o former_a evidence_n make_v it_o out_o they_o use_v form_n then_o yet_o i_o say_v i_o will_v not_o insist_v upon_o that_o general_a account_n he_o give_v of_o their_o supplication_n though_o these_o phrase_n be_v find_v in_o ancient_a litany_n the_o modesty_n of_o this_o seem_v to_o offend_v he_o who_o be_v very_o rare_o guilty_a of_o offend_v on_o that_o side_n and_o he_o ask_v whether_o such_o thing_n can_v be_v pray_v for_o but_o in_o prescribe_a word_n and_o how_o it-appears_a justin_n m._n borrow_a this_o from_o any_o litany_n a_o man_n will_v think_v he_o can_v express_o prove_v these_o thing_n be_v then_o pray_v for_o extempore_o because_o he_o will_v not_o allow_v this_o for_o a_o probable_a evidence_n but_o impartial_a man_n will_v consider_v there_o be_v other_o evidence_n of_o form_n in_o this_o age_n and_o one_o supplication_n in_o ignatius_n as_o also_o that_o there_o be_v litany_n soon_o after_o which_o be_v so_o old_a in_o the_o four_o century_n as_o to_o pretend_v to_o be_v compose_v by_o the_o apostle_n also_o in_o they_o these_o very_a thing_n be_v pray_v for_o in_o form_n viz._n the_o conversion_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o the_o deliverance_n of_o the_o gentile_n from_o their_o error_n etc._n etc._n almost_o in_o justins_n very_a word_n who_o cite_v they_o here_o for_o a_o proof_n of_o the_o christian_n charity_n in_o a_o dispute_n with_o a_o learned_a jew_n who_o will_v scarce_o have_v take_v arbitrary_a uncertain_a or_o extempore_o expression_n for_o a_o solid_a proof_n of_o christian_a usage_n all_o this_o i_o hope_v will_v pass_v with_o most_o man_n for_o a_o probable_a evidence_n that_o justin_n do_v refer_v to_o a_o form_n of_o supplication_n pag._n 20._o again_o i_o expound_v justin_n martyr_n phrase_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d common-form_n in_o which_o all_o may_v join_v prove_v it_o by_o s._n cyprian_n still_v the_o lord_n prayer_n in_o which_o all_o the_o congregation_n vocal_o join_v a_o common_a prayer_n and_o this_o i_o show_v agree_v to_o ignatius_n his_o one_o prayer_n and_o supplication_n in_o common_a and_o to_o justify_v my_o exposition_n i_o now_o add_v that_o justin_n m._n himself_o seem_v thus_o to_o explain_v it_o in_o the_o next_o page_n where_o he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d apol._n 2._o pag._n 98._o we_o all_o rise_v and_o in_o common_a send_v up_o our_o prayer_n and_o s._n chrysostom_n acurate_o explain_v the_o phrase_n where_o he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hom._n 18._o in_o 2_o cor._n common-prayer_n be_v make_v between_o the_o priest_n and_o people_n mr._n s._n b._n without_o any_o evidence_n to_o support_v he_o reject_v this_o sense_n and_o will_v have_v they_o call_v common-prayer_n because_o as_o the_o next_o word_n import_v they_o extend_v to_o all_o mankind_n but_o the_o very_a reason_n he_o give_v for_o his_o explication_n confute_v it_o the_o next_o word_n say_v they_o be_v make_v for_o all_o man_n and_o if_o common-prayer_n have_v signify_v the_o same_o thing_n here_o have_v be_v a_o plain_a tautology_n and_o justin_n as_o he_o expound_v must_v say_v they_o make_v prayer_n for_o all_o man_n pray_v for_o all_o man_n wherefore_o as_o the_o latter_a word_n imply_v the_o subject_n of_o they_o be_v general_a so_o the_o former_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d show_v they_o be_v common_a both_o to_o priest_n and_o people_n each_o have_v their_o know_a share_n which_o can_v only_o be_v in_o the_o use_n of_o form_n and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a sense_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o the_o critic_n derive_v from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o say_v it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o which_o lie_v before_o all_o and_o every_o one_o share_n in_o hence_o the_o ancient_n common_a meal_n of_o which_o all_o their_o friend_n there_o assemble_v have_v a_o portion_n
say_v this_o all_o together_o and_o exod._n xxiv_o 3._o they_o answer_v it_o with_o one_o voice_n baal_n prophet_n do_v not_o choose_v one_o foreman_n to_o speak_v for_o they_o when_o they_o all_o with_o one_o mouth_n prophesy_v good_a to_o ahab_n 1_o king_n xxii_o 35._o nor_o have_v the_o mutinous_a ephesian_n one_o spokesman_n when_o they_o cry_v out_o so_o long_o together_o with_o one_o voice_n act._n nineteeen_o 34._o but_o each_o man_n vocal_o join_v with_o the_o rest_n thus_o when_o the_o singer_n and_o those_o who_o play_v on_o musical_a instrument_n unite_v their_o note_n to_o praise_n god_n they_o be_v say_v to_o make_v one_o sound_n 2_o chron._n v._n 13._o or_o as_o the_o lxx_o read_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d they_o make_v one_o voice_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n while_o they_o answer_v each_o other_o in_o sing_v with_o one_o voice_n their_o confession_n and_o praise_n to_o god_n and_o s._n basil_n express_o use_v the_o phrase_n in_o this_o sense_n where_o he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d basil_n epist_n 63._o they_o all_o in_o common_a as_o with_o one_o mouth_n and_o one_o heart_n offer_v up_o the_o psalm_n of_o confession_n every_o one_o make_v these_o penitential_a word_n to_o be_v his_o own_o this_o psalm_n probable_o be_v the_o li_n however_o certain_o it_o be_v a_o form_n repeat_v vocal_o by_o priest_n and_o people_n and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a notion_n of_o a_o common-prayer_n and_o a_o prayer_n with_o one_o mouth_n have_v thus_o justify_v my_o exposition_n i_o need_v not_o stand_v upon_o his_o petty_a objection_n viz._n one_a if_o the_o people_n answer_v there_o will_v not_o be_v one_o but_o two_o voice_n i_o will_v grant_v if_o he_o please_v sometime_o there_o be_v two_o thousand_o voice_n yet_o if_o they_o all_o repeat_v the_o same_o form_n or_o all_o join_v by_o turn_v to_o carry_v on_o the_o same_o common-service_n as_o in_o responsory_a prayer_n and_o alternate_a hymn_n it_o be_v very_o proper_a to_o say_v all_z these_o have_v one_o voice_n and_o glorify_v god_n with_o one_o mouth_n 2_o he_o note_v that_o s._n paul_n say_v express_o with_o one_o mouth_n rom._n xv_o but_o clemens_n '_o s_z word_n be_v as_o it_o be_v with_o one_o mouth_n or_o voice_n i_o reply_v the_o father_n only_a design_n to_o soften_v the_o apostle_n expression_n because_o when_o many_o vocal_o join_v in_o public_a form_n they_o have_v not_o strict_o one_o voice_n but_o as_o it_o be_v one_o voice_n yet_o we_o see_v the_o phrase_n of_o one_o voice_n be_v proper_o and_o often_o apply_v to_o many_o join_n in_o the_o same_o word_n but_o clemens_n phrase_n and_o s._n basils_n as_o it_o be_v with_o one_o mouth_n can_v never_o be_v proper_o apply_v to_o the_o extempore_o man_n who_o be_v absolute_o and_o throughout_o the_o only_a mouth_n of_o his_o silent_a auditor_n pag._n 28._o it_o be_v no_o fault_n in_o mr._n cl._n to_o have_v nothing_o but_o conjecture_n for_o his_o opinion_n in_o this_o and_o the_o follow_a age_n but_o he_o wonder_v i_o shall_v insist_v upon_o conjecture_n i_o give_v divers_a reason_n why_o we_o must_v expect_v little_a more_o than_o probable_a proof_n in_o this_o time_n and_o support_v my_o conjecture_n with_o argument_n mr._n s._n b._n touch_v not_o either_o the_o reason_n or_o argument_n but_o censure_v my_o way_n of_o proceed_v he_o do_v not_o deny_v that_o the_o christian_n imitate_v the_o jew_n in_o the_o hour_n of_o prayer_n and_o i_o have_v prove_v by_o many_o author_n that_o they_o imitate_v they_o in_o alternate_a sing_v and_o pray_v by_o form_n so_o that_o though_o it_o be_v but_o a_o conjecture_n from_o clemens_n attest_v they_o use_v the_o jewish_a hour_n of_o prayer_n to_o infer_v a_o probability_n of_o their_o imitate_v they_o in_o form_n yet_o the_o thing_n be_v plain_o prove_v elsewhere_o and_o so_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o expose_v this_o notion_n as_o all_o over_o conjecture_n and_o one_o doctor_n be_v opinion_n especial_o since_o he_o can_v confute_v it_o but_o by_o say_v if_o the_o christian_n of_o that_o age_n be_v of_o another_o opinion_n what_o become_v of_o my_o argument_n i_o be_o sure_a this_o be_v mere_a conjecture_n let_v he_o bring_v as_o many_o proof_n that_o these_o early_a christian_n be_v for_o extempore_o prayer_n and_o praise_n as_o i_o have_v do_v for_o form_n and_o then_o he_o shall_v have_v leave_n sometime_o to_o suppose_v it_o till_o than_o his_o if_o be_v a_o evasion_n no_o answer_n as_o to_o the_o place_n i_o allege_v out_o of_o clemens_n which_o show_v the_o method_n of_o the_o christian_n prayer_n and_o the_o main_a thing_n they_o pray_v for_o he_o be_v right_a as_o to_o the_o quotation_n but_o mistake_v in_o say_v i_o apply_v it_o to_o public_a prayer_n neither_o i_o nor_o clemens_n limit_v it_o either_o to_o public_a or_o private_a prayer_n if_o he_o please_v i_o will_v suppose_v this_o place_n refer_v to_o private_a prayer_n and_o then_o i_o must_v ask_v how_o clemens_n can_v know_v so_o well_o and_o so_o exact_o describe_v the_o method_n and_o matter_n of_o man_n private_a prayer_n if_o they_o be_v not_o in_o form_n and_o if_o they_o use_v form_n in_o private_a it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a they_o use_v they_o in_o public_a also_o mr._n s._n b._n conclude_v with_o divert_v his_o friend_n by_o my_o dextrous_a device_n as_o he_o call_v it_o of_o man_n look_v up_o to_o heaven_n while_o they_o use_v the_o common_a prayer_n now_o in_o this_o there_o be_v no_o device_n at_o all_o it_o be_v plain_a matter_n of_o fact_n which_o i_o have_v do_v and_o see_v a_o thousand_o time_n it_o be_v as_o common_a for_o such_o as_o pray_v by_o our_o liturgy_n to_o look_v frequent_o up_o to_o heaven_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n as_o it_o be_v for_o mr._n s._n b_n friend_n to_o wink_v when_o they_o pray_v extempore_o and_o if_o he_o can_v prove_v they_o look_v up_o to_o heaven_n while_o their_o eye_n be_v shut_v that_o will_v be_v a_o dextrous_a device_n indeed_o §_o 5._o pag._n 30._o tertullian_n be_v my_o next_o witness_n and_o he_o first_o speak_v of_o the_o lord_n prayer_n call_v it_o a_o new_a form_n of_o prayer_n which_o christ_n have_v give_v his_o disciple_n which_o mr._n cl._n do_v not_o deny_v but_o the_o conformist_n to_o show_v himself_o a_o great_a enemy_n to_o form_n than_o mr._n cl._n bold_o assert_n that_o tertullian_n mean_v by_o novam_fw-la formam_fw-la only_o a_o new_a direction_n how_o to_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o prayer_n but_o his_o manifest_a pervert_v that_o father_n sense_n appear_v by_o consider_v that_o in_o this_o tract_n tertullian_n be_v expound_v the_o very_a word_n of_o christ_n form_n and_o immediate_o after_o he_o have_v describe_v it_o by_o the_o new_a form_n he_o give_v to_o his_o disciple_n he_o parallel_v it_o with_o and_o prefer_v it_o before_o the_o form_n which_o john_n teach_v his_o scholar_n and_o do_v he_o think_v john_n be_v only_o a_o directory_n do_v not_o christ_n and_o s._n john_n both_o teach_v their_o disciple_n a_o form_n yea_o do_v not_o tertullian_n there_o observe_v that_o the_o very_a word_n of_o our_o saviour_n prayer_n be_v extant_a but_o john_n be_v not_o nothing_o can_v be_v plain_o than_o that_o he_o mean_v the_o lord_n prayer_n by_o this_o new_a form_n and_o that_o the_o christian_n than_o use_v it_o as_o a_o form_n for_o he_o introduce_v the_o word_n to_o be_v expound_v thus_o we_o say_v our_o father_n etc._n etc._n we_o request_v his_o name_n may_v be_v hallow_v not_o saying_n let_v it_o be_v hallow_v in_o we_o they_o vary_a not_o a_o word_n then_o he_o also_o say_v we_o add_v let_v thy_o will_n be_v do_v etc._n etc._n and_o after_o his_o comment_n be_v finish_v which_o so_o full_o declare_v they_o use_v those_o very_a word_n he_o be_v as_o clear_v that_o they_o join_v it_o to_o their_o other_o prayer_n for_o he_o observe_v christ_n allow_v we_o to_o ask_v other_o thing_n after_o he_o have_v premise_v the_o legal_a and_o ordinary_a prayer_n as_o a_o foundation_n this_o be_v the_o lord_n prayer_n which_o christ_n law_n enjoin_v and_o christian_n ordinary_o or_o daily_o use_v make_v that_o the_o foundation_n on_o which_o they_o build_v up_o their_o other_o request_n in_o their_o liturgy_n and_o it_o be_v most_o likely_a the_o superstructure_n be_v suitable_a to_o the_o foundation_n that_o be_v a_o form_n at_o least_o i_o confess_v tertullian_n do_v by_o way_n of_o preface_n before_o he_o expound_v the_o form_n and_o as_o a_o conclusion_n after_o it_o touch_v upon_o some_o passage_n in_o math._n vi_o concern_v the_o manner_n of_o use_v this_o form_n but_o the_o new_a form_n the_o legitimate_a and_o ordinary_a prayer_n which_o they_o say_v daily_o signify_v the_o lord_n prayer_n