Bishop who together with the Congregation falling down and making Confession on their behalf raised them up and laid his hands upon them and they departed with the Catechumens 4. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Such as stayed with the Congregation and joined in Prayer and Singing but not in the Sacrament Yet they were afterward Advanced to be 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Faithful Communicants who had been Baptized Confirmed and admitted to the Lord's Supper having approved themselves by the long train of a stricct and pious Life Mahometan Only Men for they permit not Women to enter the Mosques lest they should distract Men from their Devotion And besides They do not believe that Women go to Heaven and hardly account them rational Creatures Yet in some Mosques they have Apartments by themselves with a kind of Pannels of Plaister as high as the Cieling with holes through M. de Thevenot Every Busurman is bound to resort to Prayers five times daily except he have some lawful impediment and if not yet at one to be well washed to which purpose they have innumerable Bathes in Turkey Purchas Only the chief sort on the Week-days the Poor being excused not so on Fridays Id. The Women enter not the Mosques but on Fridays at Nine a Clock or at Easter and then in a Terass apart where they may see and not be seen except the Wives and Mothers of the Chief of the place They abide there 'till Mid-night continually Praying with strange Motions and strong Cries Idem Ancient Heathen Let not a Woman enter into the publick Temples who hath been caught with an Adulterer Demosth Orat. contra Neeram Hither likewise may be referred the Remark made before viz. That all Irreligious and Prophane Persons were driven away with a Procul este profani c. Modern Heathen Among the Modern Heathens though it be difficult to give a particular Account because of their multitude and variety yet it is easie to conclude That their Assemblies are made up of their respective Priests and Officers and People In Mexico and Peru are Priests Officers Boys and Virgins trained up for the Service of the Temple and living upon the Revenues of the Temple and these in some places many in number together with the common People Purchas out of Acosta c. Amongst these some are under Instruction some Penitents some Confessors Men and Women Confessors c. Idem Diabolical The Witches Tried at Salem in New-England 1692. affirmed That they form themselves into Assemblies much after the manner of the Congregational Churches consisting of Officers and People c. Cotton Mather 12. Times of Worship 1. Weekly or Monthly Jewish 1. THE Sabbath or Seventh-Day It began at Six a Clock the Night before Observe 1. The Preparation which began at Three a Clock in the Afternoon called the Sabbath-Eve by the Evangelists 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Ancient Fathers Coena pura It was proclaimed formerly by Trumpets of late by Sextons On this Day it was unlawful 1. To go above a quarter of a Days Journey three Parsath whereof Ten make a Days Journey 2. For Judges to sit on Causes upon Life and Death 3. For Tradesmen to work Except Shoomaker Except Taylers Except Scribes And they only half the Day The Wealthiest did help to forward Business 2. The Sanctification Herein they were so Superstitious that 1. Some Jews at Tiberias began the Sabbath sooner because dwelling in a Valley the Sun appeared not so soon to them as to others Others at Tsepphore a City upon a Mount kept the Sabbath longer because the Sun continued longer 2. They would dress no Meat on this Day 3. Nor Kindle any Fire 4. Nor roast an Apple chop an Herb climbe a Tree resist an Enemy and on this account became a Prey to their Enemies in the times of Antiochus and Pompey 2. Mondays in remembrance of Moses's returning from Mount Sinai Thursdays in remembrance of his going up to the Mount for the Law 3. New Moons the first Day of every Month commonly On this Day they 1. Heard the Word 2 Kings 4 23. 2. Abstained from Merchandise 3. Offered Sacrifices Numb 28.11 Christian 1. Saturday the Jewish Sabbath was in great Veneration especially in the Eastern parts honoured with all the publick Solemnity of Religion out of compliance with the Jews who were loath to part with it On this Day were publick Prayers reading the Scriptures celebration of the Sacraments Vid. Athan Hom. de Sement Idem Hist. Eccle. l. 6. c. 8. Fasts were prohibited on this Day Ordinary Works allowed yet so as might consist with their publick Worship for the Lord's Day was still preferred before it V. Athan. Hom. de Sem. Synod Laod. can 29. But in the West it was kept as a Fast yet at Milan as a Festival for St. Ambrose dined on no other Days in the Week but Saturday and Sunday Yet at Rome out of compliance with the Custom there Fasted as they did Aug. ad Janu. Ep. 118. Probably the reason of keeping this Day East was the Opinion which the Ancients had viz. That the Apostles Fasted on Friday and Saturday The Council of Illiberis Ordained That the Saturday-Festival was an Error Can. 39. which ought to be corrected and kept as a Fast 2. Sunday so called by Justin Martyr and Tertullian and in the Imperial Edicts of the first Christian Emperors Afterwards the LORD's Day 1. On this Day they stood at Prayers to put them in mind of Christ's Resurrection from the Grave and their own from Sin V. Justin M. Tertul. ex Ireneo The Council of Nice required a constant Uniformity in it 2. They deposited somewhat for the use of the Poor 3. All of us that live in City or Country meet together in one place Just M. Three Days absence from Church was punished with Suspension from Communion Con. Ill. Separate Assemblies Anathematized V. Conc. Gang. can 4.5 Conc. Antioch c. 5. 4. In times of Persecution they met before Day Plin. Ep. ad Traj They had Nocturnal Convocations Tertul. ad Vx Christians therefore called in scorn a Skulking Generation Min. F. 5. Kept in with great Expressions of Joy Fasting accounted unlawful Tertul. de Coron Constantine and Theodosius M. Jun. c. Forbad Courts of Judicature Suits at Law demanding Debts all publick Shews pleasures of all Sights opening of the Theatres his own Birth-Day or Inauguration on the Lord's Day 2. Wednesday and Friday Vid. postea Mahometan Friday the Mahometan-Sabbath because on that Day Mahomet was Proclaimed King or Emperor and solemnly so Created and withal to distinguish his Fellowers from the Jews and Christians They call this Sabbath of theirs Glumaagun Others say Mahomet was born on this Day Ancient Heathen The Ancient Heathens Greeks and Romans had no Weeks but divided their Months into 3 parts the Greeks into so many Decads the Romans into Kalends Nones and Ides The Kalends of every Month were dedicated to Juno On the Kalends of every
sometimes a whole day sometimes longer as the Crime is In that Posture he desires the Cazi to Purifie him The Priest answers the Dog must Purifie him not he After which he pours the Water seven times on his Head then gives him a Draught to drink and so he is absolved Afterwards he Feasts all his Friends at the Cazi's House But the Women and Maids are shrifted by the Cazi's Wife M. Tavernier l. 4. c. 8. Zeal Jews BRethren saith St. Paul my hearts desire and prayer to God for Israel is that they might be Saved for I bear them record that they have a Zeal of God but not according to Knowledge Rom. 10.2 And the Apostle himself was a Zealot of the same kind before his Conversion Concerning Zeal persecuting the Church of God And the Sect he belonged to was notoriously guilty that way none warmer in the blind Pursuit of Religion than the Pharisees And yet we may trace the same fiery Humour conveyed down to following Ages and Generations witness their perpetual Hatred and Persecution of the Christian Church their obstinate Adherence to their Devotions in the Siege of Jerusalem their Zealous Attempts to return to the Holy Land and re-build the Holy City c. and this all in spight of Miracles and Judgments enough to convince them of their Folly if they were not absolutely blind and hardened Scaliger tells us of an Order of Men among them called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Mourners that once a year on the ninth day of Ab were allowed entrance into Jerusalem by Adrian's Edict which as Benjamin an Hebrew Author relates give Tithes of all which they possess to the Wise Men always sitting in the School and to the humbled Israelites which lament Sion and bewail Jerusalem These dwell in Caves or ruined Houses Fasting all the days of their Life except on the Sabbaths and Festivals beseeching Mercy continually at the Hands of God Christians The Martyrs at Thebais multitudes having been executed every day with all imaginable Cruelties Sentence was no sooner passed against one Party but others came presented themselves before the Tribunal confessing themselves Christians and received the Sentence with Joy Dr. Cave When Servetus condemned Zuinglius for his Rashness his answer was In aliis mansuetus ero in Blasphemiis in Christum non ita Samodies Here the Priest who is the eldest of the Family or Tribe in Divine Service instead of Singing Howls till he fall down as one dead rising again orders a Sacrifice of five Deer then thrusts a Sword half way into his Belly with several other Illusions and Tricks of Sorcery Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. Mexicans The Town of Mexico was great and had thirteen Temples in each of which were many Idols of Stone of diverse Fashions before whom they Sacrificed Men Doves Quails and other things with great Perfumes and Veneration Some years they Sacrificed as was thought fifty thousand Men. S. Purchas Mahometans The Turks are very Zealous for their Religion which they endeavour to propagate all over the World M. de Thevenot The Asian Turks are greater Zealots I knew at Smyrna a Reverend Preacher amongst them who had many Pupils who was so great a lover of his own Sect that he hated all Mankind beside and stuffed his Sermons with Invectives against Christians till at last chidden by the Officers of the City Yet his Pride hardly abated for when on his Mule's back with his Followers on foot he made all Western Christians whom he met with accidentally to alight and attend whilst so Holy a Man passed by P. Ricaut Esq in his Present State of the Greek Church Heathens In Mexico they burnt Incense before their Idols every Morning Noon-tide Evening and at Midnight and this with much Reverence and then they beat themselves and drew Blood with sharp Bodkins Rosse In Jucatan in their Idolatrous Processions they wound themselves and offer themselves cheerfully for Sacrifices Idem Tunquinese It is a thing almost incredible what a vast number of Sacrifices the King sends to the Temples of his false Gods at his Inauguration to be there offered to the Idols The number of Beasts is said to exceed an 100000 besides the value of a Million in Panes of Gold Tissues and Silks to adorn the Idols and Orange-coloured Calicuts for the Bonzes and those that attend the Service of the Pagods and a vast number of pieces of blue Calicuts for the Poor that are kept in the Pagods Tavernier 's Collection of several Relations c. Moderation Jews A Moderation in reference to the Ceremonial Law especially when the Moral came into Competition with it and sometimes even in reference to the Judicial seems frequently in Scripture permitted and practised Circumcision sometimes neglected and the Passover and Sacrifices c. the Shew-bread eaten by others than Priests and an immoderate Zeal for Oblations New Moons and Sabbaths sharply reproved when the weightier things of the Law were neglected Vid. Psal 50. Isa 1. Hos 6.6 I desired Mercy and not Sacrifice c. Mie 6.6 7 8. As if the Almighty were about to retract those very Ceremonies which himself had instituted when he saw the People dote so fondly upon them as to forget or not duly mind the more solid and substantial parts of Religion Christians When I come to Rome I Fast on the Sabbath when I am here I do not Fast So St. Ambrose at Milan tells St. Augustine which Judgment of Ambrose Austine saith he look'd on as a Heavenly Oracle viz. To whatever Church you come observe the Custom of that Church if you would avoid giving Offence to others and taking it from others Dr. Stillingfleet The Non-observance of indifferent things commanded when there is no apparent Contempt or Scandal does not involve a Man into the Guilt of Sin for the ground of the Magistrates Command is only in point of Contempt and Scandal and for preserving Order in the Church for to command or obey in reference to these things from any Opinion of the necessity of them and therefore the only ground of observing them is to shew that we are not guilty of the Power commanding or of Scandal to others Idem Tota igitur religio ect in fugiendo scandalo vitando contemptu Whitaker Contr. 4. qu. 7 c. 2. They do not bind if Contempt and Scandal be removed P. Martyr de leg Eccl. Hooper who had raised a Difference about Garments writ twice to Ridley about the time of his Persecution and Imprisonment who writ him an answer as soon as he could convey it in which he declared how intirely he was knit to him though in some Circumstances of Religion they had formerly jarr'd a little It was Hooper's Wisdom and his own Simplicity that had divided them every one following the abundance of his own Sense But now he assured him that in the Bowels of Christ he loved him in the Truth and for the Truth Dr. Burnet 's History of the Reform c. The Popish
Sabbath must fast the next day after to do Penance After Dinner the Rabbies have thought fit to study or read sacred Writ because say they the Sabbath once complained to God for lack of a Meet Companion and God answered Israel shall be thy Companion for on the Sabbath they shall learn the Law c. Dr. Addison Esseans The Esseans are more severe than any other in observing the Sabbath for they do not only abstain from dressing of meat which they dress the Evening before that day but also they may not remove any Vessel out of its place nor satisfie the necessities of nature Josephus de Bell. Jud. l. 2. c. 7. The Talmud expresly speaks for no other Reason was the Temple at Jerusalem destroyed but because the Jews observed not the Sabbath aright Though a Man have an hundred Maids or the command of a Thousand Servants yet he himself ought with his own hands to do something in honour of the Sabbath and so we read in the Talmud that Rabbi Casdam cut the Pot-herbs R. Joseph clave the Wood R. Sira kindled the fire R. Nachman swept the House and covered the Table Dr. Addison Present State of the Jews in Barb. Christians The first Observation of the Christian Sabbath was more by the Providence and Design of God than the Apostles own Inclination Joh. 20.19 The second was performed volutarily Joh. 20.26 So afterwards upon the Day of Pentecost being the first day Act. 2.1 Act. 20.7 Rev. 1.10 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Just. Mart. Apol. 2. Countrey work about Husbandry Vintage Sowing Mowing Threshing c. is prohibited by the Council of Arles Conc. 3. Can. 21. Fasting is forbid Conc. Caesar August Vid. Carrauz Sum. p. 119. S. Augustine declares himself frequently against Dancing on the Lord's Day Hearing or pleading of Causes on the Lord's Day is prohibited apud Gratian. Adrian p. c. 15. q. 4. item Conc. Eph. Conc. Tarracon c. Judges Riding to Assizes is reproved very gravely by Gattaker in his Sermon called God's Parley with Princes p. 13. Concerning God's Judgments upon Sabbath-Breakers see Mr. Mayer on the Church-Catechism also the Practice of Piety and my Book called The Christian's Companion The whole Week is Sanctified by this Day and according to my care of this is my Blessing on the Rest Dr. Hall To the same purpose Judge Hale remark'd upon himself That according to his Devotion on the Lord's Day he prospered in his Affairs the Week following Modern Heathens I came to the place where my Company Encamped they waited only for a Billet from the Customer to be gone but it could not be had that Day because it was Friday and the Customer who was a Mahometan observed that Day with great exactness M. de Thev Travels into the Indies l. 3. p. 77. In Guinea The Heathens forbear on their Sabbath which is Thursday Fishing and Husbandry and the Palm-Wine that is got that day must not be sold but offered to the King who bestows it on the Courtiers to drink at Night View of the Engl. Acqu in Guin and the E. Ind. On this Day in the Market-place on a Table three yards high whose flat cover is made of straw and reeds interwoven they place many Rings which they call Festiloes or Gods and within them set Wheat Water and Oil for their Gods whom they imagine devour it Ibid. Discipline Jews THe Jews still enjoyn Circumcision under its old Penalty Gen. 17. viz. Cutting off Yet they are not peremptory about the precise time viz. Eight days after the birth I knew one Jacob Israel Belgara born in Spain coming afterwards to Barbary 1667 Circumcised in the 40th year of his Age. Dr. Addison Christians I called to mind a passage of a Letter of Cornelius that was Bishop of Rome after the middle of the Third Century preserved by Eusebius in his 6th Book ch 43. There were 46 Presbyters 7 Deacons 7 Subdeacons 94 of the inferiour Orders of the Clergy among them also 1500 Widows and other Poor maintained out of the publick Charities Dr. Burnet's Letters When Philip the Emperor would have gone into Church on Easter-Eve to Prayers the Bishop of the place would by no means suffer it till he had made Confession of his Sins and passed thro' the Order of Penitents being guilty of great sins and the Emperor very willingly submitted to it Euseb l. 6. Some think this was rather Philip Governor in Egypt Theodosius the Great for his barbarous Slaughter of the Thessalonians was by S. Ambrose suspended brought to publick Confession forced a severe Penance for eight Months together Prostrations in the Church tearing off his Hair beating his Forehead watering his Cheeks with Tears c. crying out as David My Soul cleaveth unto the dust quicken thou me according to thy word After which he was Absolved and restored to Communion Theodor. H. Eccl. l. 5. c. 15. A Publick Penitentiary an Holy grave Presbyter was appointed to take Confessions of those sins which persons had committed after Baptism and by Prayers Fastings Mortifications to prepare them for Absolution This continued some hundreds of years till Abrogated by Nectarius S. Chrysostom's Predecessor in Constantinople upon occasion of a Woman complaining that during her time of Penitent Exercises in the Church she was tempted to Folly by a Deacon This was done by the Advice of Eudemon most Bishops following his Example Dr. Cave The Clergy of Venice have a very extraordinary sort of Exemption and are a sort of a Body like a Presbytery independent of the Bishop The Curates are chosen by the Inhabitants of every Parish and no Noble Venetian is suffered to pretend to any Curacy thinking it below their Dignity There is a sort of Association among the Curates for Judging of their common concerns and some of the Laity of the several Parishes assist in those Courts so that here is a real Presbytery Dr. Burnet's Letters I wondred at two Discourses that I heard at one Church in Milan at the same time in the Afternoon for there were two Bodies of Men set down in different places of the Church all covered and two Lay-Men in ordinary Habits were entertaining them with Discourses of Religion in a Catechistical Stile These were Confrairies and those were some of the more Devout that instructed the rest This as I never saw any where else so I do not know whether it is peculiar to Milan or not Idem Cathay The Tartars here punish the breach of their Traditions with Death or a Penal Sum of Mony tho in Trifling matters as touching the Fire with a Knife medling with young Birds c. which are forbid Packet broke open vol. 2. Presbyterians Amongst the Presbyterians the Minister or Presbytery may not Excommunicate without the consent of the Church nor for any faults but sins of Perversness and after admonition nor for private sins but those which are publick and scandalous nor for the Sins of others as Bishop Auxilius Excommunicated a whole family
Nature they wash their Hands c. To this end they have commonly near the Mosques Baths for the Gousl and Fountains for the Abdest The manner thus 1. They look toward Mecha and wash the Hands three times 2. The Mouth and Teeth three times 3. The Nose three times 4. The Face three times 5. The Arms to the Elbow 6. The Head rub'd from the Brow to the Poll. 7. The Ears within and without 8. The Feet three times In washing they are to say Bismillah i. e. in the Name of the Great God and praise to God the God of the Mussulman Faith M. de Thevenot Ancient Heathen 1. Men were thus purged after they had touched a dead Body or entred into an unclean Place before admitted to the Altar They sprinkled their Head with a wet Olive or Laurel dipt in Water and Salt and made prayers to the God Spargit ipse suos Lauro rorante Capillos Incipit solita fundere voce preces Ovid. l. 5. Sometimes they used Sulphur and Fire made of Pine-wood to perfume the Person Place or Vessel c. When any sacrificed for his own purgation after a wickedness committed a Pig was slain and his Hands washed in the Blood In these Lustrations they used 1. A Trine Aspersion 2. Looking towards the East 2. Fields of Fruit when purged the Hostia was carried three times about the Field Terque novas circum foelix eat Hostia fruges Virg. l. 6. 3. Sacrifices were washed with Water and Salt Modern Heathen An incredible concourse of People come from all parts of the Indies in Pilgrimage to Chrysobacra in the Province of Halabras to visit the Pagods kept there very carefully but before they approach that place which they look upon to be holy they throw themselves stark naked into the River Ganges to be purified supposing that Adam and Eve were created there M. de Thevenot Trav. l. 3. c. 39. This in order to prepare themselves for some Feasts ibid. In the Province of Telinga the Idolaters use frequent washings Men Women and Children go to the river as soon as they are out of Bed the Rich have water brought to them When Women lose their Husbands they are brought thither by their Friends and they who are brought to Bed use the same custom as soon almost as they are delivered idem When they are come out of the water a Bramen dawbs their Forehead with a composition of Saffron and white Saunders They must never eat unless they be washed The Bannyans wash oft to purifie themselves from sin Sir Tho. Herbert At Tanasseri also sometimes 100000 Indians go naked into Ganges and bowing their Bodies with their Hands throw the water aloft as an offering to the Sun Sir Tho. Herbert Diabolical The Witches at their meetings use to anoint themselves with Oyl which the Devil brings them 5. Teaching Instruction c. Jewish MOSES hath of old such as preach him being read in their Synagogues every Sabbath day Act. 15.26 Esdras appointed that the people should meet three times in the Week to be taught the Law viz. the Sabbath Mondays and Thursdays and three days the rather say some because in the Desart of Sur the people wandred three days without water i. e. say they without the Law Ancient Christian Justin Martyr saith that the word was read and preached for the space of an hour every Sabbath day at one meeting Apolog. Tertullian saith there was not any holy meeting wherein they were not fed with Divine Sermons and if the Pastor were sick or necessarily hindred the Deacon read a Homily Mayer Ch. Cat. 1. The Primitive Christians at their Assemblies read the Scripture St. Clements's Epistle to the Corinthians Hermas's Pastor the Writings of St. Ephrem c. The Quantum Arbitrary according to their opportunity c. 2. Upon the Scripture read before the President of the Assembly with the Presbyters gave expositions and exhortations to the people Then after the Gospel read let the Presbyters one by one exhort the people not all at once and after all the Bishop as is fit for the Master to do Const App. Greg. Nyssen excuseth his brevity because of the discourses made before They had moreover Sermons in the Afternoon Chysostom in a Homily on this very subject 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hom. 10. ad Pop. Antioch commends them that came to Church after Dinner in greater numbers to hear the Divine Laws St. Basil St. Augustine c. frequently refer to those Sermons which they had preached in the Mornings In Antioch it was usual for a good part of the year to have Sermons every day Chrysost Origen every day and as it were extempore made Sermons to the People Casaubon His Sermons were lively but short seldom exceeding an hour J. H. in the Life of Orig. The Abyssins have neither Preaching nor Hymns but only Liturgies and Homilies and several Portions of Scripture read Ludolph Yet for the younger sort they have Catechizing Idem The Muscovites no not their Monks and Priests cannot give any reason of their belief because they have not the word of God preached unto them And therefore the Patriarch suffers them not to dispute of Religion nor enquire into that of Forreigners D. of Holstein's Emb. Trav. Those who are to profess the Muscovite Religion are sent for six weeks into a Monastery where the Monks Instruct them and teach them their Prayers the manner of Honouring the Saints of doing reverence to the Images and making the signs of the Cross Idem The Protopope of Morum with others were deposed and Banish'd for offering to preach Mahometan Mahometans when they teach publickly hold a drawn Sword in their hand Mutewakelus a Mahomet Emperour Prayed and Preached before the People Muhtadis Billa sate Preaching to the people every Monday and Thursday having a Book always before him Hotting ex Elmas On Friday nine a Clock the Imam preacheth in a pulpit two hours together either declaring the Miracles of Mahomet or exalting the Faith of the Mahomcians or rehearsing fabulous Tales to terrify the bad or inveighing against the Blasphemers of Mahomet Christ and the Saints exhorting to Alms saying over the Commandments of the Law Sa. Purchas Ancient Heathen A great number of youths assemble to the Druids for the Cause of Discipline who are in great honour with them Caes de bel Gal. being moved by such rewards viz. privileges of the Druids and of their own accord many come together into this Discipline and are sent by their Neighbours and Parents there they are said to learn a certain number of Verses Some stay twenty years in the Discipline Idem The Antient Theologues amongst the Egyptians instructed their Scholars in like manner Towerson Modern Heathen In Madagascar I saw one who was certainly their Priest getting up a Tree and speaking to the people for above half an hour but not one of us understanding their Language I know not what discourse he made to them nor yet what
Halters and Precipices enough to end your Lives with but you must come hither for an Execution Arrius Antonius Proconsul of Asia to the People c. Ignatius Oh! that I might come to those wild Beasts c. Origon when a youth could hardly be restrained from running into danger 3. They gave thanks to their Enemies for Condemning them A Christian takes it as a favour to dye for so good a cause Tertull. As for us they our Persecutors do us no harm Death doth but the sooner send us to God Clem. Alex. When Lucius one of the primitive Martyrs for speaking for one of the Christians that he had very hard measure was Condemned forthwith he heartily thanked his Judg for it that by this means he should be delivered from such unrighteous Governors and be sooner sent home to his Heavenly Father Just M. 4. They bore up with quietness and composure By reason of our strange and wonderful Courage and Strength new Additions are made to us for when the People see Men with infinite variety of Torments torn in pieces and yet maintain a Patience unconquerable and able to live out his Tormentors what the truth is that the consent of so many and the perseverance of dying persons cannot be in vain Nor that Patience it self were it not from God could hold out under such Racks and Tortures Thieves and men of a Robust Body are not able to bear such tearing in pieces they groan and cry out and are overcome with Pain because not endued with a Divine Patience But our very Children and Women to say nothing of our Men do with silence Conquer their Torments nor can the hottest fire force the least groan from them Lactan. By the force of such Arguments Justin Martyr turned Christian from being a Platonick Philosopher Ap. 1. p. 50. I thought saith he with my self that it was impossible such persons should wallow in Vice and Luxury c. Hence Porphyry calls the Christian Religion 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Heathen in Min. Felix stiles the Christians men of an undone furious and desperate Party M. Fel. p. 7. M. Antoninus Emperor imputes this Courage to meer Stuborness l. 11. s. 3. Staupitius told Luther concerning his Behaviour that the first three years he did all things according to the utmost Rigor and that would not do The next three he did all according to the Laws and Councels of the Antients and that would not hit In the last three years he did all according to the Will of God and yet neither would that succeed and then he was fain to be content with what he could have Clar. in vit Capell Japon In Japon there have been Children from ten years old to a dozen who for sixty days together have endured to have their Bodies fastened to the Cross half Burnt half torn in pieces while the Executioners forced them to Eat on purpose to prolong their Lives in Misery and yet they would not renounce the Christian Faith which they had embraced Tavern Collect. c. p. 10. Domestick Worship Jews THey account themselves bound to say an hundred Benedictions of which see the particulars in the Chapter of Praying to God every day Christians Gaspar Colinius Admiral of France used to rise very early and then putting on his Night-gown and calling his Servants about him went to Prayer with them then he set time apart to hear the Deputies of the Churches and other businesses Each other day in the fore-noon he had a Sermon Preach'd before him after which he returned to his business till Dinner which being ready his Servants came in and there the Admiral standing by the Table and his Wife by his side one of David's Psalms was Sung and a Blessing craved upon the Meat which Course he did not only observe at his own House but every day in his Camp without intermission when the Cloth was taken away he presently rose and standing with his Wife by him either himself or Chaplain return'd thanks At Supper time the like was done both with Prayers and Psalms And because he found it hard to get his Servants together at Bed-time because of their various Employments he caused them all to come in presently after Supper where after a Psalm he went to Prayer with them Sam. Clark Bishop Ridley when at the Mannor of Fullham read daily a Lecture to his Family at the Common-Prayer beginning at the Acts of the Apostles and so going through the Epistles of S. Paul Giving to every Man that could read a New Testament hiring them besides with Mony to learn by Heart certain Principal Chapters but especially Acts 13. And often he read Psalm 101. Fox Martyrol Ere I can have sate at my Study to weariness my Family having now overcome all Houshold Distractions invites me to our Common Devotions not without some short preparation Dr. Jos Hall concerning himself Ancient Romans The Games called Ludi Compitales were Instituted among the Romans in honour of their Lares or Houshold Gods Galtruch Gilolo and Amboina The do no work but first they consult the Devil and are of opinion That no ill comes from any other Being and therefore that they ought to prevent it by Sacrifice to him which they are very observant of even in their Houses Paquet broke open vol. 2. Banda Banda is Mahometan and the People there are so Religious that they never do any thing till they have Prayed in the Morning Ibid. Formosa In Formosa each House hath its Oratory where all that is there spent is Offered to the Gods by the Women of the House Ibid. Iucatan In Iucatan they had in their Houses Images made like Bears which they Worshipp'd as their Houshold Gods with Singing and Incense Rosse Goa In Goa most of the Gentiles heads of Families dress their own Victuals themselves first they sweep the House then draw a Circle and confine themselves in it suffering none to enter for then all would be Profaned and the Cook would throw away what he had dressed the Victuals are divided into 3 parts the first for the Poor the second for the Cow of the House the third for the Family Thevenot In Goa they Pray to the first thing they meet with in a Morning tho a Goose or Ass and all day long they Pray to it Rosse Antient Tartars They Worshipp'd the Sun Stars Fire Earth and Water to whom they Offered the First-Fruits of their Meat and Drink every Morning before they eat and Drink themselves Rosse So do the Tartars of Cathay now Peguians In Pegu they feed the Devil every Morning with Baskets of Rice that he may not hurt them that Day Idem Indian Heathens In Fermosa every house hath a particular place appointed for the Devotions of the Family where they invocate the Gods and where the Women make their offerings of what is spent every day in the house But in case of Sickness or other misfortune they call the Inibs to do that Service Mandelslo's Travels p.
the New-Testament I first met with St. John's First Chapter In the beginning was the word c. I read part of it and was presently convinced that the Divinity and Authority of the Author did excel all humane Writings my Body trembled my Mind was astonished and I was so affected all that day that I knew not what I was Thou wast mindful of me O my God according to the multitude of thy Mercies and calledst home thy lost Sheep into thy Fold and from that day he wholly beat himself to pious Practices Anonym Bishop Vergerius was converted by occasion of seeing Fr. Spira in his misery or as some say by reading a Protestant Book with an intention to confute it S. Augustine gives us the Story at large of his own Conversion in his Book of Confessions and imputes it partly to the reading of Cicero's Hortensius to the Prayers of his Mother Monica and her continal Admonitions the Preaching of S. Ambrose but especially to the Discourse of Pontilian and his relation of the Life of S. Anthony which so stirr'd up his Passions that immediately he burst out into Tears retired into the Garden open'd his Testament at the direction of an Angel as he thought crying Take up and read and hit presently upon that Text Rom. 13.12 13 14. Aug. Conf. l. 8. c. 7 8. Justin Martyr was converted by seeing of the Martyrs Maronites Sometimes before was arrived there at Suratte a Merchant of Aleppo who had run himself out at heels and of a Maronite Christian was become a Roman Catholick in hopes to patch up his fortune being in truth a meer Counterfeit and Hypocrite for these Levantine Christians seldom change their Religion but upon some Motive of Interest and when they have got a good Sum together they presently whip back again into their own Country and for a small piece of Money obtain Absolution of their Patriarch among many others I will only mention one Franciscan called Paulus Stella coming with 400 Crowns or thereabouts in his Pocket for his Subsistance a Maronite smelt him out and under the pretence of giving him the honour of his Conversion to the Catholick Religion never left him till he had suckt him dry and turn'd the Chanel of his Money This Maronite Merchant whose Name was Chelebi shewed himself very zealous for the Capuchins and he had reason enough for the Capuchins of Aleppo had been very serviceable to him and had helped him in his Affairs when they were at the lowest ebb They were overjoyed at his Arrival at Suratte and gave out immediately that it was he that had given them Money for the building their House and Church but when I came to look over my Accompts I found that the Money that had paid for the Ground and a good share of the building came out of my Purse Father Ambrose having promised that I should be reimbursed at my Return to Paris but I never heard more of my Money nor indeed did I ever look after it Tavernier's Collect. of several Relations c. p. 37. Papists Bruno Born in Collen and Professor of Philosophy in Paris about the year of Christ 1080 being present at the Singing of the Office for his Fellow-Professor now Dead a man highly reputed for his Holy Life the Dead Corps suddainly sits up in the Bier and cries out I am in God's just Judgments eondemned These words were uttered three several days at which Bruno was so affrighted that a man held so pious was Damned began to think what would become of himself and many more Therefore concluding there was no safety for him but by forsaking the World betook himself with six of his Scholars to a hideous place for dark Woods high Hills Rocks and wild Beasts in the Province of Dauphiny near Grenoble and there built a Monastery having obtained the ground of Hugo Bishop of Grenoble the place called Carthusia whence his Monks took their Name Rosse's view of all Relig. Jews R. Hakkunas Ben Nehunia was converted by occasion of the Miracles which he saw I am Hakkunas one of them that believe and have washed my self with the Holy Waters and walk in those right ways being induced thereunto by Miracles Hortinger out of Suidas c. Elias Levita before his Death became a Christian and with thirty more Jews received Baptism but upon what occasions or inducements I cannot learn A.C. 1547. Alsted Diverse kinds of Testimonies Miraculous to Christianity Jews 1. PRomises and Prophecies and Types in Sacred Scripture 2. Satan in Possess'd Persons and Daemoniacks What have we to do with thee Jesus thou Son of God c. The Devil answering the Sons of Scevi in the Acts Acts 19. c. 3. The Jewish Nation as it is at this day dispersed through all the World and dissolved in all the most material parts of its Oeconomy without a Legal Succession of Priesthood without Genealogies without Temple without Sacrifices Holy Land Holy City Holy Altar Holy Oyl and in a word without any Government in Church or State 4. All their Attempts to regain their own Land and rebuild their own City wonderfully frustrated especially in the times of Julian the Emperor Ammian Marcell l. 23. 5. All their pretended Prophets and Saviours discovered in a most shameful manner and convicted of Imposture and Deceit especially the ignominious Delusion of Barcocab which the Jews lament to this day 6. To which may be added the Abstinence and Preaching of John Baptist and the Miracles of our Blessed Saviour As also those mentioned by Josephus relating to the Destruction of Jerusalem e.g. in the Feast of Weeks before Vespasian came against Jerusalem the Priests heard a Man walking in the Temple and saying with a wonderful Terrible Voice Come let us go away out of this Temple let us make haste away from hence c. Josephus Roman The Image of a Virgin with a Child in her Arms about the Sun seen at Rome Three Suns seen Augustus forbidding himself to be called Lord his releasing 30000 fugitive Slaves a Comet a Fountain of Oyl running all day Oracles silenced Alsted Christian 1. The Miracles done by the Apostles and Primitive Christians c. which continued in the Church for two or three hundred years after our Saviour amongst the last Recorded this is one mentioned by S. Augustine at the Aque Tibilitanae Projectus the Bishop bringing the Remains of the Martyr Stephen in a vast Multitude of People a Blind Woman desiring to be brought to the Bishop and some Flowers which she brought being laid on those Relicks and after applied to her Eyes to the wonder of all she received Sight As also when the Bodies of S. Gervasius and Protasius were dug up and Translated to Ambrose's Church at Milan not only such as were vexed with unclean Spirits were healed but also a certain noted Citizen that had been blind many years enquiring into the Reason of so much Tumult and Rejoycing among the People and being told the Cause leaped for joy
Fotique at Tenchday if Fame speak truth Satan oftentimes made an Apparition Sr. Tho. Herbert Amboyna In Amboyna they assemble 20 or 30 together to consult with the Devil whom they call Nito and who appears often to them in the shape of an ordinary person and pronounces his Oracles Mandelslo Oracles Soothsaying Divination Prophesying Ancient Jews THere were four several ways by which the Divine Will was made known to the Ancient Jews and their Neighbours 1. By Dreams as in the Case of Abimeleck Gen. 20.3 6. of Laban Gen. 31.24 of Jacob Gen. 31.10 c. of Joseph Gen. 37.5 the Butler and Baker in prison Pharaoh the man in Gideon's host Solomon Daniel Nebuchadnezzar c. 2. By Vision where the man was rapt into an Ecstacy his spirit suspended from all sensible communication with the body and entertained with supernatural light as in the case of the prophets c. 3. By Vrim and Thummim an Oracle resulting from the letters engraven upon the H. Priest's Pectoral to which the Jews in all important Doubts resolved 4. By Thunder and a voice from Heaven Author of the lively Oracles c. Images made to the stars according to the Chaldeans had a faculty of foretelling future things which is an exact description of the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Talismans so much in request among the Heathens such as the Palladium of Troy they are by the Jews called Davids Bucklens and are much of the same nature with the Teraphim Ancient Christians Amongst the Christians tho God hath sometimes revealed his will by Dreams as to Joseph in the case of the Blessed Virgin and the Child Jesus and afterwards tho' no Christian to the wife of Pilate and in aftertimes to some of the Fathers and Primitive Christians as S. Cyprian if he be not too fanciful had many of them and sometimes by vision as in the instance of S. Paul c. sometimes too by a voice from Heaven yet the only ordinary way they expected a resolution of their doubts from was the sacred Scriptures as a sure rule and word of Prophecy 2. Pet. 1.19 Ancient Heathens That Oracles were in great request among the old Pagans is notorious as well as Divination and Prediction Concerning all which observe 1. Of Oracles That they were not only given to those that made inquiry and propounded a Question The answer was made by the Priest of the place who lay hid in some Cavity and upon pretence of inspiration with some odd praeludium of noise or tone with respect to their own humours or the will of their Prince they made their answers not without much ambiguity and imposture The most antient were that of Jupiter Hammon in Libya and of Dodona in Greece Afterwards we read of the Oracle of Pythia and Delphos as the most Eminent The Prophornium that of Amphiareus the Branchidae in Milesia and the Sabaeum in Phocis c. They were much Enriched with Presents 2. Of Divination that there were several Kinds thereof as inspection into the Intrals of Beasts observation made upon the feeding of Birds and the Flight of the Fowls in the Air c. 3. Prediction sometimes by Priests sometimes by Sibylls Mahometans They account mad Men as Oracles and Saints whose Souls are in Heaven talking with God and if such strike or rob them they take it in good part saying They shall have good Luck after it They erect stately Monuments over their Graves as at Aleppo over the Grave of one Sheh Boubat who being mad went always naked where to this day are Lamps burning day and night and many Dervise◠there maintained to look to his Sepulchre and to receive the offerings of such as come every week out of Aleppo Purchas The same account they make of one Sheh Mahamed a mad Man yet living in Aleppo going naked with a Spit on his Shoulder Idem By the Law of Mahomet Sooth-sayers are imprisoned and yet in Fez are many of that Profession Rosse Persians The Persians are very inquisitive after the time to come consulting the Astrologers like Oracles the King hath always two or three by him to tell him the good and bad hour There is an Almanack called Taouim fold every year in Persia containing the Longitudes and Latitudes of the Planets the Conjunctions and Oppositions c. is fold of Predictions about Wars Sickness c. directs when to put on new Cloaths to let Blood Purge Travel c. to which they give great credit Others to know the success of their Affairs go to a Moulah who opens the Alcorah and tells them the issue of the business muttering over some strange Words as one told a Gardiner He should get by an Ox which he was to buy but quite contrary the Ox died on his Hands within three days They use a sort of Divination called Rambe by even or odd the Masters whereof called Ramals keep Shops on purpose to delude the People They have also Interpreters of Dreams Tavernier l. 5. c. 14. New-England We have been advised by some Credible Christians yet alive That a Malefactor accused of Witchcraft as well as Murder and Executed in this place Boston more than 40 Years ago did then give notice of An Horrible Plot against the Country of Witchcraft and a foundation of Witchcraft then laid which if it were not seasonably discovered would probably blow up all the Churches in the Country and we have now with horror seen the discovery of such a Witchcraft an Army of Devils broke in upon the place c. Cotton Mather 's Wonders of the invisible World Mexicans Cortez the Spaniard drawing near to Mexico Matezuma the Emperor feared saying These are the People which our Gods said should come and inherit this Land He went to his Oratory and there shut up himself alone abiding eight days in Prayer and Fasting with Sacrifices of many Men to asswage the fury of his offended Deities The Devil bids him not to fear and that he should continue those bloody Rites assuring him That he should have the Gods Vitzliputzi and Tesoatlipuca to preserve him saying That Quezalouatle permitted the destruction at Chololla for want of that bloody Sacrifice Purchas Modern Heathens The Chingulaes in case of Sickness to know what God or Devil is the Author hang an instrument like a pair of Sizers used to cut Betel-nuts upon a Bow-string and holding the Bow at both ends repeat over the names of the Gods and Devils and when the name of him that afflicted them is mentioned the Iron on the String swings Capt. Knox. In Guinea and the East-Indies when the King sacrificeth the Fetissero comes to a Tree and in a heap of Ashes there provided sticks the branch of a Tree and drinking out of a Bason spouts it upon the Branch and then dawbs his Face with the Ashes after which the Devil out of the Tree gives answer to the King's Questions View of the Engl. Acquis in Guinea and the East-Indies They have in Guinea certain
in aliud opus destinato Hence their Encaenia solemn Feasts at their Devoting of their Temples to the Worship of some Idol God Modern Heathen I confess I have not yet met with any thing in my reading to fill up this Section but am willing to leave a void space for the Reader to fill up at his leisure for his own Use for I cannot be induced to think but they generally use some Ceremony for this purpose tho perhaps our Travellers finding the Structures erected and peradventure long before their Arrival into the Countries might see nothing of it nor make enquiry about it Diabolical Delrius tells us out of a French Book of Florimund Raimunds a Senator of the King 's in the Court of Burdeaux that an old Woman Tried in that Court A. 1594. for Witch-craft confessed of her own accord That being a Girl she was enticed by an Italian Man on the Eve of S. John Baptist at Midnight to go with him into a certain Feild where the Italian mark'd out a Circle on the ground with a Beech Wand and muttered certain words over which he read out of a black Book and presently upon it a great black Goat stood by them with great Horns attended with two Females and by and by a Man came in Priests Habit c. Mag. Disq l. 6. 5. Priests and Church Officers their Distinction and Office Jewish 1. The High Priest whose Office was 1. Peculiar to himself as to enter into the Holy of Holies once a year upon the Propitiation day 2. Common with other Priests He had his Suffragan or Sagan 2. Inferior Priests whose Office was 1. To burn Incense and Offer Sacrifice 2. To sound the Trumpets for War and Assemblies 3. To slay the Sacrifices 4. To instruct the People 5. To Judg of the Leprosy David divided the Company of Priests into 24 Orders who were to serve in their turns by lot 1 Chro. 24. the chief of every Rank was called Summus Sacerdos 3. Levites in David's time divided 1. Into Treasurers some Gershonites 2. Judges and Overseers some Cohathites 3. Porters some Merarites 4. Singers In Moses time they bore the Tabernacle and Vessels c. 4. Prophets 1. Extraordinary Seers 2. Ordinary Expositors of the Law which no later times were 1. Wise men Pharisees wise above the Text of the Law taught Traditions 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2. Scribes not the Writing-Masters but Doctors of the Law who were to Write Read and Expound the Law of Moses 3. Disputers who taught Allegories and the Mystical Senses of the Text call'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Darshanim and their Homily Midrasch Note the First-born of all the Tribes were to manage Religious Affairs 'till the Levites were chosen in their room Exod. 13.2.15 Christian I. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Consecrated to the more proper and immediate acts of Worship These were I. Bishops usually chosen out of the Presbyters distinct from and Superiour to Presbyters as Blondid and Salmasius confess about the latter end of the Second Century Consider 1. Their Office viz. To Teach and Instruct the People to administer the Sacraments Excommunicate Absolve to preside in the Assemblies of the Clergy to ordain inferiour Officers to call them to Account to Suspend c. to urge the observance of Ecclesiastical Laws to appoint indifferent Rites to inspect and provide for those of their Charge 2. Order 1. Chorepiscopi Suffragan or County Bishops Vicarii Episcopi where the Diocess was large in imitation of the Seventy Disciples for so many they were at first 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Visitors Rural Presbyters who were to go up and down the Countrey to correct what was amiss 3. Arch-Bishops Metropolitans in every great City who were to Ordain or to Ratifie Elections of Bishops once a Year to Summon the Bishops under them to a Synod to enquire direct admonish suspend determine c. 4. Metropolitans Honorary or Titular without any real power yet taking place of other Bishops 5. Patriarchs Primates 2. Presbyters who were to Preach Baptize Consecrate the Eucharist assist the Bishop in publick Administrations These were 1. Clerici Superioris loci Antistites in ordine secunde Presbytens of every great City who were a kind of Ecclesiastical Senate Counsellors and Assistants to the Bishops in their Government and had Seats of Eminency in the Churches next the Bishop's Throne 2. Ordinary Presbyters N. B. They did not usually exercise the Power conferred by Ordination upon them in any Diocess without leave from the Bishop 3. Deacons who were to attend at the Lord's Table where the People met every Lord's Day to offer for the Poor Hence they have used to deliver the Sacramental Elements to the People also to Preach and Baptize Assistants to the Priest as he to the Bishop the number in any one place not above Seven 1. Arch-Deacon the Eye of the Bishop chosen out of the Deacons to inspect all parts of the Diocess 2. Sub-Deacon who assisted the Deacons waited at the Church Doors usher'd in and brought out the several Orders Catechumens c. 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Vid. Pag. 25. Mahometan 1. Musti i. e. Interpreter of the Alcoran who is as High-Priest attending only Matters of Faith and Religion He is Head of the Church and decides all Questions in their Law 2. Cadilesquiri Talismani i. e. Doctors of the Law resident at C. P. or where the Prince pleaseth These are as it were Patriarchs They examine the Cadis of divers Provinces These also call the People to Prayers among the Turks 3. Mulli qu. Bishops who place and displace Church-men at pleasure 4. Nuderisi qu. Suffragans who are to inspect the Cadis 5. Cadis Judges to punish Offenders there is one in every City 6. Naipi Young Judges or Candidates for the Office 7. Hogi who write Books and teach Sciences 8. Calfi who read unto them that Write 9. Sosti Young Students or Novices in the Law Some add Sophi Singers of Psalms c. Ancient Heathen 1. Pontifex Maximus the highest of the Chief Priests who was to appoint the Ceremonies belonging to the Worship of the Gods 2. Flamen or High Priest who was named according to the Gods whom they served as Hamen Martialis Hamen Dialis Humen Quirinalis c. 3. Priests 1. Of Cybele Curetes Corybantes Galli 2. Of Ceres and Bacchus Fratres Arvales who offered Sacrifices Ambarvales Hostias and Judged about the bounds of Fields 3. Of Mars Salii who were to keep the Ancile 4. Of Pan Lupercales c. 5. Of Jupiter Druids in use amongst the Gauls Curiones were Parish-Priests or Curates Two for a Curia Fifty Curiae in Rome over these was Curio Maximus 4. Priestesses of Vesta Vestal Virgins Six or Four in number who were to attend the Sacrifices of Ops or Bona Dea and to keep a Fire continually burning for the safety of the Empire as God hath set Stars in the Firmament for the good of the World Modern Heathen 1. The
Persees have 1. A Dostoor or High-Priest who seldom appears openly but when he doth is much Reverenc'd 2. Daroes or Harboods inferiour Priests who are by their Law to dwell near and abide much in their Eggarees Temples to give Advice unto any that shall repair unto them 2. In Guinea the Priest is called Fetissero 3. In Ceilon the Priests are of three Orders 1. Priests of the Buddon-God which live in the Vehars Temples proper to that God These are 1. Tirinaxes Superiours 2. Gonni 2. Koppuhs Priests to the other Gods who are to offer in the Temple Dewal boyl'd Rice and other Victuals to the Idol 3. Jaddeses Priests of the Spirits Diautduâ— who serve in the Covelt Temples built at their own charge They visit the Sick when sent for and offer a red Cock to the Devil 4. In Japan Bonzaes fifteen or twenty to a Pagod 5. In Fermosa Inibs Priestesses only Women who offer Prayers and Sacrifices in a most extravagant and obscene manner Mandilslo 6. In the Philippine-Islands their Priests are mostly Women Sorcerers Rosse 7. In Pegu Talapoi Diabolical Dr. d ee in his Magical Transactions made use of one Edward Kelle whom he calls his Seer or Skryer afterwards his Son Arthur Dee who in a round Stone or consecrated Crystal saw and heard all the Shapes and Figures and Voices of the Magical Apparitions 'T is hard to give a distinct Account of all those Persons which the Devil makes use of in a more than ordinary manner for the promoting of his Interest and doing Service to him We shall mention some of the chief 1. Magicians by 1. Stones as Dr. Dee 2. Rings as Excestus 3. Optic-Glasses 4. Riddles or Sieves 5. Figures 6. Dreams c. 7. Charms Spells c. 2. Common Witches and Wizards who have Communication with their Familiar Spirits 3. Fortune-Tellers Prognosticators Astrologers Jewish 1. Nethinims from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to give because given to the Service of the Temple Their Office was 1. to hew Wood. 2. Draw Water These were Gibeonites 2. Viri Stationarii 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who were to stand by during the Oblation and to carry the Gift for the rest of the People They serve in their courses of which there were twenty four Some mention Archi-synagogus the chief Ruler of the Synagogue N. B. Dr. Lightfoot saith There were Seven Readers appointed in their Synagogues who when the Angel of the Church or Minister of the Congregation called them out did read Now to every Synagogue belong six Officers 1. The Summas or Sacristan who keeps clean the Synagogue and trims the Lamps 2. The Pernas who provides the Wine given to the Youth at the entrance and end of their Sabbaths and Festivals 3. Mari-catab who folds and unfolds the Law c. 4. He who bears the Law in Procession through the Synagogue 5. The Elhaim who touch the two Staves of the Law called the Trees of Life on which the Law is rolled when carried 6. The Chesau or Precator Dr. Addison Christian 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Inferiour Ministers or Subordinate Officers 1. Acoluthus who was to attend the Bishop as a Witness of his Life or as some say to set up Lights at the reading of the Gospel 2. Exorcist who was to attend the Catechumens and Euergumeni and rehearse a Form of Prayer over them in the out-parts of the Church the People in the mean while praying within also to Catechise 3. The Reader whose Office was to stand near the Ambo and read the Portions of Scripture Julian the Apostate was one 4. Ostiarii to keep the doors of the Temple and shut out Hereticks Jews Gentiles Some add Fossarli Overseers of the Grave Cantores Laboratores c. 5. Deaconesses who were to help Women at Baptism to visit and instruct Women c. Such were Phoebe and Olympias in C. P. c. This is all out of Dr. Cave's Primitive Christianity A Parallel between the Civil and Ecclesiastical Government of the Romans A Justice of Peace a City a Bishop A Proconsul a Province Arch-bishop A Lieutenant a Diocess a Primate The Emperor the Empire Christ Jesus N. B. St. Hierom accounts a Bishop and Priest all one ad Tit. c. 1. And Clem. reckons but three degrees of the Clergy viz. Priest Deacon and Minister Clem. Ep. 2. de Conc. Di. 3. Mahometan The Director of their Prayers who among the Turks is called Imam but among the Persians Pichnamaz he says the Prayers and makes the rest say them and therefore he always stands foremost that the rest behind may see what he doth Seâ—thi as the Turks call them or Seriffi as the Moors are such as descend from Mahomet Amongst the Persians their Spiritual Officers are 1. The Sedre who is chief in Spirituals and sometimes promoted to be Eatmad Doulet i. e. Chief in Temporals 2. Scheik el Seiloâ— i. e. Sheik of the Law 3. Cadi Both these are named by the King and Judge of Controversies These two last decide all Points of Religion and make all Contracts Testaments and other publick Deeds Judges of Divorces and all civil Processes M. de Thev Among the Turks and Persians are Muezim qu. Sextons that call to Prayers from the tops of the Minarets some call them Talismans Choza Elders which execute the Service and Preach Modecis the Governor of an Hospital Antippi On Friday in the midst of the Temple in a place thirty steps high read something of the Life of Mahomet after which Two little Boys sing certain Prayes After which one of the Antippi with a Lance and Scimiter exhorts to defence of Religion Ancient Heathen 1. Duumviri afterwards 10 then 15. appointed by Tarquin Superbus to keep and interpret the Books of the Sibylls and especially of Cumana which were preserved in a stone Chest in the Capitol and to oversee the secular Solemnities 2. Soothsayers 1. Augurs who did in a high Place with a crooked Staff lituus limit a space in the Air to observe the flying of Birds or chirping tripudium and thence to foretel things to come 2. Aruspices who did inspect the Entrails of Beasts sacrificed for the same intent 3. Auspices qu. Avispices The College of them was at first 3 afterwards 4 then 9 and at last 15. Their Office was to consult the Gods in doubtful cases offer Sacrifices make Prayers Effata c. never concluding upon less than Two Signs 3. Fâ—ciales whose Office was to offer Peace or proclaim War by casting upon the Enemies land a bloody Lance or turning a Ram loose into their borders Upon the Conclusion of a Peace to offer a Hog for Sacrifice praying that whoso broke the Articles might perish as that Hog upon breach of Oath to offer a Hog for Sacrifice The High Priest among them was called Pater patratus 4. Aeditui kept the Temples and Keys 5. Pope Victimarii assisted in the Sacrifices 6. Epulones were Overseers of the Feasts 7. Preficae Women that wept for the Dead 8.
welcome thither and bid him ask any thing of him and he would give it him c. M. de Thevenot 2. A Comfortable maintenance and that freely without grudging The Mulaes have great Salaries Purchas saith the Priests have stipends allowed by the Emperors but so little that they often use writing of books and handy-crafts for their living So soon as the Gr. Seignior perceives the Mufti he riseth up advances some steps and salutes him very respectfully By the Mahometan's law it is not lawful to put a Mufti to death M. de Thevenot Even Christian Priests and Monks and Jewish Rabbins are exempted from paying Karadge or contribution yearly to the Grand Seignior Idem The chief Temple in Fez hath 200 ducats a day for revenue Rosse Ancient Heathen 1. The Priests had 1. Tithes not for themselves only but for Sacrifices also and common uses The Aâ—â—â—nians dedicated their Tithes for Divine Sacrifices and common benefit Diog. Laert. lib. 1. Plautus makes mention of Tithes paid to Hercules Xenophon saith Of every litter of Pigs one was due to the Priest that when he pleased to offer to the Gods he might not want a Sacrifice de Rep. Laced The Sabeans offered the Tithes of their Spices to the Idol Sabis Cyrus at the taking of Sardis sequester'd the Tithe of the Spoil to Mars and Pallas 2. First-fruits The Hyberborei Northern People sent their First-fruits to Apollo at Delos Plin. The Druids are wont to be absent from War neither do they pay Tributes they are exempt from Warfare and have immunity of all things Coes 〈◊〉 Bell. Gall. The Pontifex Max. might ascend the Capitol in his 〈◊〉 which none else might do 〈◊〉 was he to render an account of any of his Actions 1. The Pontifex Max. not subject to the Magistrate 2. The Flamen Dialis might for that day protect any Malefactor that escaped to him 3. Augurs though convict of heinous Crimes yet were not punished or put out of Office 4. Vestal Virgins never walked abroad but with an Iron Scepter in their Hands and whatsoever Malefactor met them fortuitously escaped Punishment Modern Heathen The Persees at this day pay Tithes to their Priest-hood The Behedin or Lay-men pay to the Distoore or chief Priest and in his Absence to the Her-â—ood or Priest or lastly to the Daroo or Church-men spiritual Officers amongst them The Bramens in the East-Indies take what they please of the Offerings made to the Idols pick out of the funeral Ashes what Gold and Silver they can find are much respected in Malabar never hurt by Enemies in War as other People are M. de Thev The Koppuhs in Ceylon enjoy a piece of Land that belongs to the Dewal where they Officiate and that is all their benefit unless they steal somewhat that is dedicated to the Gods and therefore they follow Husbandry and other Employments Knox. The Priests of the Buddou God enjoy great Revenues of Church-lands without paying Scot or Lot or Taxes to the King And where-ever they go the People bow down to them but themselves bow to none They have the honour of carrying the Tallipot a broad Leaf for shelter with the broad end foremost and have a Matt with a white Cloth upon a Stool laid for them where-ever they come to sit upon Honours used only to the Kings besides Knox. Diabolical The Devil promiseth lavishly to his Factors as he did to our Saviour all the Kingdoms of the Earth and the glory of them but his golden Mountains are often as vain in their Effects as Aesop's pregnant teeming Mountain in its product Dr. d ee and Kelly after all the encouragement given them in quest of the Philosophers Stone died poor and we seldom see Wizards or Witches rich and 't is well for us that the God of Heaven is pleased to limit Satan in the distribution of the unrighteous Mammon for were he permitted to give freely and as he list to such prophane Wretches a great part of the World would soon be charm'd with the Temptation and as certainly fall to dancing after his Pipe as the Children of Hammel in Germany 130 in number followed him in the Habit of a Musician and were never seen more 11. Persons making up the Body of the Assembly Jewish 1. PRiests who had a Court by themselves where was the brasen Altar and Laver called Atrium Sacerdotum 2. People 1. Proselytes 1. Foedoris of the Covenant who submitted to the whole Mosaical Pedagogy called by the Rabbins 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2. Portae of the gate Deut 14.21 who were tied only to Noah's seven Commandements these dwelt among the Jews whence called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 incola Such was Naaman the Syrian the Eunuch Cornelius and those Act. 2.5 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2. Unclean viz. by legal Pollutions who together with Strangers had a Court by themselves in Herod's Temple parted from the rest by a Stone-wall bearing this Inscription 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 3. Excommunicated by Niddui viz. put out of the Synagogue for they were allowed to be at Divine Service Note Where ten Israelites are met together there ought to be a Synagogue A Proverb 4. The clean Communicants 1. Men. in the outward Court called otherwise Solomon's Porch 2. Women in the outward Court called otherwise Solomon's Porch in the midst of it was a brasen Scaffold for the King 2 Cor. 6.13 it went round about the Temple divided perhaps in Jehoshaphat's time into the Mens and Womens Court between which was an ascent of fifteen degrees Ancient Christian 1. Clergy 2. People 1. Catechumens 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. more perfect well nigh ready for Baptism These stayed to the very last end of the first Service 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who stood amongst the Hearers and departed after the Lessons accounted yet as Heathens yet instructed in the Rudiments of Religion Note 1. They were shy of imparting Mysteries or as Basil Dogmata to them and this especially to make them eagerly desire the Privileges of the Faithful for this was part of the Form used in publick Service Let us pray that the most gracious and merciful God would hear the Prayers of the Faithful Chrysos Hom. 2. c. 1. ad Cor. 2. At first they were instructed privately at Home by Persons deputed on purpose then in the Congregation where they were present at some part of Divine Service especially Sermons 3. The Time for Catechising was different the Apostolical Constitutions appoint three years ordinarily 2. Penitents 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Such as wept and lamented as Candidates to be received into the Order of Penitents They stood usually in a squalid and mournful Habit in the Church-Porch begging the Prayers of the Faithful 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who stood in the upper end of the Narthex heard the Scriptures and departed with the Catechumens 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Prostrate who stood next the Pulpit or Reading-Pew and after Service ended fell down before the
Month Regina Sacrorum the Wife of Rex Sacrorum Sacrificed a Porker or Lamb to Juno Melchiades Pope appointed That none of the Faithful should keep a Fast on Sunday or Thursday because those Days the Pagans celebrated as it were an Holy Fast Carranz Sum. Decr. Melchiad Pa. Modern Heathen 1. In Ceylon Wednesday and Saturday are the chief Days when People that have any business with the Gods come and Address themselves to them i. e. 1. To pray for Health or help in some weighty Matter War c. 2. Or to Swear concerning any weighty Matter in Controversie 2. In Guinea and the East-Indies Tuesday is their Sabbath on which Day they forbear Fishing and Husbandry And the Palm-Wine which they get that Day must not be sold but given to the King who bestows it on his Courtiers to drink at Night 3. The Hindoes or Indians observe thursday as their Sabbath 4. The Bannyans observe a Monday-Sabbath Sir Tho. Herb. 5. In Tunquin the First and Fifteenth Days of the Month are their more especial Holy-Days celebrated with a mighty Chiming of Bells doubled Prayers Sacrifices Tavern In New-Spain every Twentieth Day which was the last of their Month Men were Sacrificed Rosse In Pegu every Monday New Moon is Festival And in Goa every New Moon Diabolical The Witches have their stated Times of Worship Sabbaths Joannes de Vaax Stabulensis Monachus inter alia recitabat indicendae Congregationis ita n. vocabat Statos condictos dies ubi nocte intempestâ ad destinata loca sodalitas comparebat c. Mart. Delr Disq Mag. l. 5. Glanvil saith They commonly meet by night and before their departure the Devil appoints the Time and Place for the next Meeting Some are of Opinion That when the Cock crows the Solemn Meetings of Witches are dissolved and this perhaps grounded upon the crowing of the Cock in the Gospel when Peter denied our Saviour Dr. Casaubon I will visit you at the fourth hour after Dinner said one of the Spirits to Dr. d ee in the close of one of his Actions with them Florimundus de Remundis refert apud Bardigalenses capitulum generale per Sortilegos indici solere diebus Mercurii Veneris Mensis cujuslibet ita enim confessos Sortilegii criminis reos M. Delr Diso Mag. l. 5. 13. Festivals unfixt and contingent Jewish NEW Moons were all of them Festivals among the Jews on which as on the Sabbaths People repaired to the Prophets for Instruction 2 Kings 4.23 Nor was it lawful to buy or sell upon these Days Amos 8.4 Now their New Moons are but half Holy-days for in the Morning they go to their Synagogues the rest of the Day they spend in Eating Drinking and Gaming The Day before they use to Fast when they first see her they utter a Benediction and leap three times towards her wishing their Enemies may come no nearer to hurt them than they are to hurt the Moon Rosse Feast of Dedication Vid. alibi in hoc libro Christian Commemorations of the Martyrs call'd by the Christians Natalitia or Birth-Days Concerning which observe these things 1. The place at the Graves of the Martyrs in their Coemeteria Cryptae or Grots distant from their Church 2. Antiquity Eusebius mentions the Church of Smirna's keeping Polycarp's Festival who died A.C. 268. 3. Strictness In Constantine the Great 's time they were to be kept very strictly by command It was lookt upon as a point of Prophaneness to be absent 4. Manner They were kept with Hymns Sermons Prayers Orations Oblations of Gifts Sobriety Devotion Sighs Tears for this purpose they had set Notaries to take the Acts Sayings and Sufferings of the Martyrs To these add Feasts 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Common Banquets to which every one contributed and brought something out of which they gave a share to the Poor 5. Abolition Degenerating into Excess and Prophaned with Markets they were cryed down by the Fathers 6. Time Once a Year on the Day of their Martyrdom For they had Registers kept of the Days of their Passions Dr. Cave Prim. Chri. Here though not very properly I cannot forbear to add That Dr. Brown tells us when he was at Dresden in Misnia Dr. Luther's Holy-day was kept there Br. Travels p. 169. Mahometan Zinez in Turkey the Grand Seigniors Birth-day Antient Heathen 1. The day of Apotheosis or the Consecration when any Illustrious Man was inrolled into the number of Gods 2. Dies Natalitius or Birth-day celebrated antiently by every Persian 3. Encaenia or the Feast of Dedication in use among the Greeks Vid. Gyrald lib. 17. Histor Deorum Modern Heathen 1. The King's Birth-day which is kept at Deyly in tho East-Indies five days with great Pomp at Court the Palace covered all over with Paviolions of rich Stuffs precious Stones Gold Silver deck'd Elephants Presents made to the King Trifles given by him Feasting Bonefires Dances Dice c. The Mogul himself weighed in a Balance c. I was told saith my Author That a Banian of Deyly played so deep at Dice last Festival that he lost all his Money Goods House Wife and Children at last he that won gave back the Wife and Children but no more of the Estate then to the value of an 100000 Crowns M. de Thev See the second Book Frugality 2. The Chinese celebrate their Birth-days very solemnly a fortnights time spending the days in Pastime and the Nights with Feasts Sir Th. Herbert The Gaurs have thirty Holy-days in honour of their Saints which they keep very strictly no Man daring to work Especially their Prophet's Birth-day is celebrated with an extraordinary Pomp and giving of large Alms. Tavernier l. 4. c. 8. There is one day in the Year when all the Women of every City and Village meet together to kill all the Frogs they can find in the Fields and this by the command of their Prophet who was one day much annoyed with them Idem When-ever there is an Eclipse of Sun or Moon the Indians break all their Earthen Pots and Dishes in the House which makes a hideous noise together And commonly Multitudes run to the River Ganges to wash themselves throwing Meats and Sweat-meats to the Fish the Bramins attending on them Idem 14. Times of Publick Worship Two Yearly 1. In Nisan March c. Jewish 1. PRincipal 1. The Passover which began Nisan the 14th and ended the 21st Consider 1. The Preparation 1. Taking a Lamb out of the Flock Abib the 10th if Sheep or Goats for each House one The Lamb 1. A Male. 2. Of the first Year 3. Without blemish 2. Cleansing the House and Vessels from Leaven two or three days before 3. Searching after Leaven with a Candle in all the Rooms c. 4. Burning and Cursing the Leaven * ⎠* Note Eating of Leaven in any of the seven days was punished with cutting off from Israel 2. The Celebration 1. Slaying the Lamb in the Evening between one and two a Clock 2. Offering it between two and
to defraud 9. Not to oppress 2. The Persees in their book of Religion have these Precepts the book called Zundawastau 1. To have shame and fear ever with thâ—â— 2. To consider whether what they take in hand be good or bad commanded or forbidden 3. To keep their Eyes and hearts from coveting what is another's and their hands from hurting any one 4. To have a care always to speak the Truth 5. To be known only in their own businesses and not to enquire into and to busie themselves in other mens matters 6. Not to entertain any other Law besides what they have delivered to them from their Prophets M. de Thevenot 3. The Indian Bramins call the books of their Religion Bets which are four in number which they say God sent to them and that they are the Keepers M. de Thev The Gaurs have a large Book in three parts relating to Salvation Dreams and Physick in a language which themselves scarce understand but by the help of other Books M. Tavernier l. 4. Diabolical The Devil is very cunning a notable Politician S. Paul knew him so and therefore uses many words to set out his Frauds His Interest and Subtility are the only Rules he goes by And he Attacks all persons he hath to deal with according to their Genius Exempl g. Balaam a false Prophet by Apparitions Dr. Dee a Mathematician by Magical Devices our Saviour by sacred Scripture the obstinate Jews by a false Messiah a Barcocab Enthusiastical Persons by Revelations Dreams Fancies Learned Men by Curiosities the Religious by Superstitions c. 17. The manner of calling Assemblies Jewish THE Jews Sounded Trumpets formerly Also they rung the great Bell Migrepha Now about five in the Afternoon the Door-Keeper of the Synagogue knocks at their Doors with a Hammer warning them to repair to Evening Prayer Rosse Ancient Christian At first certainly the Christians by agreement among themselves appointed the Day and Hour before-hand and conveyed the notice thereof by word of Mouth Pancirollus refers the Invention of Bells to Paulinus Bishop of Nola about the Year of Christ 400. But he rather changed the use of them to religious purposes Dr. Holid on Juv. In Cyprus the Greeks are called to Church in the Morning by one or two a Clock by the striking on their Door with a Hammer the Clerk uttering these words Christians go to Church Taver l. 2. c. 2 p. 81. The Musccvites have no Bells in Steeples but in a certain Engine or Machine near the Church in the Church-Yard and are for the most part so small that few of them are 150 or 200 pound weight They toll them at beginning of Service and at the elevation of the Chalice The Rope being fasten'd not to the Bell but the Clapper they easily Chime many together The Abyssines have no Bells of Brass or mix'd Metal but a kind of hollow Vessels made of Wood Stone or Iron more for noise than delight to the Ear. Job Ludolph Salmuth c. They have two great Bells in the Convent of Niamoni in the Isle of Chio. The Turks allowing them to Christians no where else There are little ones in every Village M. de Thev I passed by a Church in Ispahan where hearing a great noise I went into it the noise was made by striking with a great Stick upon a Deal-Board that was hung up which the Armenians are forced to make use of instead of Bells the Persians not permitting them to make use of any D. of Holst Amb. Trav. p. 208. Mahometan The Mahometans are called to Church five times a day by a Cryer by a Cryer bauling aloud Alla Allah Allahu The Turks call Etchmeasin in Persia the Seat of one of the Armenian-Patriarchs the Church with Bells for they are used here and no where else in Turkey except in Moldavia Valachia Mount Athos The Muczim goes up to a Minaret at every Mosque and stopping his Ears with his Fingers he sings and cries these words with all his force Allah ekbar c. i. e. God is great God is great is great great shew that there is but one God shew that Mahomet is his Prophet come and present your selves to the Mercy of God and ask Forgiveness of your Sins God is great God is great God is great God is great There is no other God but God M. de Thev This they do five times a day and on Friday six The Faquirs or poor Mahometan-Voluntiers the have many Disciples call them together when they assemble by the Sound of a Horn or the Beat of a Drum M. Tavernier Par. 2. l. 2. c. 2. Ancient Heathen The Persians did call an Assembly before Day-light saith Strabo 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with the sound of a Bell. l. 15. The Priestesses of Bona-Dea at Rome were called to the Service by a Horn. Upon the Festival of Dame Flora the Rabble and idle Strumpets were called together by the sound of a Trumpet Modern Heathen In Pegu the Talapoi Summon the People to Church by sounding a brass Bason Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. In Mexico they awaked the People to Service with a Trumpet The Bannyans are called to their Idolatrous Devotions to their Pagods under their Trees with the sound of a little Bell. Sir Tho. Herb. In some parts of Java particularly Bantam they use Drums instead of Bells which they beat with a Bar as big as a Weaver's Beam and sometimes brass Basons Mandelslo In Siam their Pagods have Steeples and Bells Tavernier Upon tolling of the Bells they rise to Prayers about 4 it the Morning which they repeat again toward Evening Idem In Tunquin also they have Bells Idem In Gilolo and Amboyna they bring their Daemon or Nito to a conference by the sound of a little Tabor called Typha and with lighted Candles and Words of Conjuration Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. Diabolical In Amboyna to have conference with the Devil whom they call Nito they assemble to the number of 20 or 30 and call upon him with the beat of a little Drum consecrated to this use which they call Typha Mandelslo In New-England 1692. at Salem one G. B. was reported by some of the Witnesses for Summoning other Witches to a Sacrament with the sound of a Trumpet who failed not from all Quarters to go towards the appointed place of Meeting soon after the Sound Cotton Mather in his Wonders of the Invisible World 18. The Parts and Order of Divine or Religious Worship Domestical Jewish 1. PArts of Divine Worship Domestical Daily Daniel prayed thrice a day and praised GOD and it was his manner so to do Dan. 6.16 David prayed at Morning and Evening and Noon Night and Day even in his Bed making it swim with tears Anna served the Lord in the Temple with Fasting and Prayer Night and Day Luke 2.37 GOD appointed a Lamb to be offered for a daily Sacrifice Morning and Evening He that eats Bread with unwashen hands sins as grievously as he that lies with
Seignior's Palace or Seraglio where the Visior Basha and other Basha's sit in Council with Beglerbegs c. 'T is held four Days a Week Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday At the Rising of the Court the Grand Visier informs the Sultan of all their Proceedings who seldom impugnes what they have Decreed Ancient Heathen At Rome the Assemblies for Publick Affairs were 1. Concilia when there was a Select Number met together 2. Comitia when all the People were called to the Meeting and these were either 1. Curiata sc Parish-Meetings Rome being at first divided into 30 Curiae or Parishes where all met all the Comitium or Hall of Justice for Election of Magistrates Confirmation of VVills c. All gave their Votes as private Men. 2. Conturiata where the people met together in Centuries to give their Votes according to their Estates The City being divided into six Classes by Servius Tullius the first of those who were worth above 800 Crowns the second above 100 c. In these Assemblies the plurality of Votes carried the choice The Chief of each Century was called Centurio who had his Vitis or Rod of Command Here were chosen the first Consuls Censors Pretors Proconsuls Tribunes c. Crimes also against the Publick Weal as Treason c. were tried here 3. Tribuata viz. Assemblies of the Wards or Quarters of the City kept in the Field of Mars or Capitol or Circus Flaminius when the other Courts were not permitted to assemble either by reason of unlawful Days or Ominous Signs c. Galtruch But the highest Court of all was the Roman Senate first elected by Romulus to assist in affairs of State in number at first 100 then 200 at last 1000 all above 20 years old they always met in some Temple twice a month to consult about publick concerns Idem Modern Heathen In Bantam the Magistrate of the Town sits in Judicature in the Court of the Paceham from 4 or 5 in the Evening till Night the Plaintiff and Defendant appearing both in person and pleading their own Cause Mandelslo In Japan there is no Lord nor indeed any Citizen nor Merchant but may put his Vastals and Domesticks to Death he himself being the Judge but to others Justice is administred in the Emperor's Name Idem In Fermosa there is no Lord that hath a Superiority over the rest yet in every Village is a kind of Senate of 12 men aged about 40 who invite all the Heads of Families to meet in one of their Pagods to confer about business where the Magistrate proceeds not by Authority or Force but Reason and Eloquence and when one speaks all the rest are deeply and strictly silent not a Cough to be heard Idem In China to discover Criminals the Judge takes a List of all the Houses and divides them into Tens setting a Bill on every tenth house enjoyning them to discover such of their Decad as have committed such Crimes upon pain of being respousible for the same Crimes c. Idem Diabolical In Amboyna the way for deciding of Disserences or other matters of importance is this 1. They put water into a Dish 2. They cast in Gold Earth and a Leaden Bullet 3. They dip in it the end of a Musquet-Barrel the point of an Halbert Sword Knife c. 4. They give of the Water to him who is suspected guilty 5. They give him his Oath Mandelslo Schisms ond Sects Jews 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Karrei Sadduces who adhered only to the Writings of Moses and the Prophets so called from Sedek Justice as Beda Epiphanius and Lyra think or from one Sadock the first Author as Burgensis who lived under Antigonus Sochens Successor to Simeon the Just 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hasidei such as Voluntarily performed some things which the Law required not I suppose the same with the Essei or Esseni a kind of Monks Lovers of Solitude others Rechabites without any woman any money Plin. Nat. Hist l. 5. c. 17. they lived in common went in White 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Pharisees who were equally zealous of H. Scripture and Talmud or Traditions or rather preferred these before the other These were the Issue of the Hasidei Hemerobaptistae Ceremoniarum Magistri Dr. Littleton The Pharisees were so called from their daily washing Ross Tho Scaliger saith Daily washing was used by all the Jews and at this time in Palestine many do it not once a day but often as do also the Mahometans Purchas 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Samaritans who acknowledged only the Pentateuch of Moses and to it added several Pagan Rites using Mount Gerizim for the place of worship Herodiani so called either because Soldiers of Herod's Court or because they boasted Herod for the Messiah Gaulonites the Disciples of Judas the Galilean Hotting Nazarites Rechabites c. Christian 1. Eastern or Greek 1. Greek strictly so call'd 2. Muscovites and Russians 3. Melchites or Syrians 4. Georgians or Iberians 5. Nestorians or followers of Nestorius 6. Indians or Christians of S. Thomas 7. Jacobites from Jacob Disciple of Eutyches 8. Copties or Egyptian Christians 9. Armenians so called from their Country 10. Abassins or Ethiopians 11. Maronites 12. Some add Sabaeans or Christians of S. John owning his Baptism only 13. Circassians or Sarcashes much the fame with Armenians and Georgians 2. Western or Latin 1. PAPIST Dominicans Jesuits or Franciscans Thomists Scotists Jansenists Molinists or Quietists 2. PROTESTANTS 1. Lutheran 2. Calvinist 3. Independent 4. Anabaptist 5. Quakers c. Mahometan Are divided into 1. Turks whereof some follow 1. Abuhanifé 2. Chasibié 3. Maliké 4. Dudzahimé 5. Ahmed c. All which agree in Fundamentals but differ in Morals and Ceremonies Hottinger names other Sects as Horrineans Kavamites Habibean Habaecideans c. 2. Persian who are for Mortis Hale as the Turki are for Mahomet They interpret the Law more perfectly and divinely Their Grand Festival is the Feast of Hocen and Hussein Morden Mr. Grimstone in his Addition to Knolles makes mention of 4 Orders of Religious men among the Turks differing in Habit and Ceremonies 1. Dervises the strictest Order living in contemplation but Hypocrites 2. Terlaques 3. Kalenders 4. Huquiemales which last are very vicious and wicked Impostors deceiving of the common people Mr. Ricaut tells of several Sects of Mahometans As. 1. Haictates 2. Cuph-Messahites 3. Eshrakites c. Heathens In respect of Religion were as divers as the Countries which they inhabited Every Nation having peculiar Deities and Rites of worship e.g. 1. Aigyptians Of which already up and down in the Book 2. Persians Of which already up and down in the Book 3. Grecians Of which already up and down in the Book 4. Romans Of which already up and down in the Book 5. Gauls Of which already up and down in the Book 6. Brittains Of which already up and down in the Book 7. Saxons c. Of which already up and down in the Book Especially the Philosophers were divided into
If the Soul had done evil it was adjudged to perpetual Prisons if well it had an easy return to Life by Transmigration That God judges according to the plurality or paucity of Merits or Demerits Seven sorts of Pharisees according to Godw. Jew Antiq. 1. Pharisaus Sichemita 2. Truncatus that upon pretence of Meditation would searce draw his Foot from the ground 3. Impingens that to avoid seeing a Woman would wink and run his head against a wall 4. Quid Debeo facere faciam Luke 18. 5. Mortarius wearing a Hat like a Mortar to look only downward of forward 6. Ex Amore. See the next pag Godw. ibid. 7. Ex Timore See the next pag Godw. ibid. Pharisees their History Pharisees from Phares to divide or Parash to expose to publick view or Parash to Expound They were a crafty and subtil generation of Men and so perverse even to Princes themselves that they would not fear many times openly to Affront and oppose them Dr. Cave out of Joseph Ant. Jud. l. 17. c. 3. Much Affected and Esteem'd of the Populace Id. Therefore Alexander Jannaus when he lay a dying advised his Queen by all means to comply with this fort of men imputing his own miscarriages to the Offences he had given them Id. ex eod Infinitely proud and insolent surly and ill-natur'd hating all mankind but themselves censuring all who were not of their way greatly Zealous to gather Proselytes and then making them not more Religious but more fierce censorious heady two-fold more the Children of Wrath discriminating themselves from the Herd by Long-Robes broad Rhylacteries large Fringes long Prayers frequent Easting domure Looks a whing Tone c. Idem They were an improvement of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1 Mac. 2.42 Those that voluntarily performed somethings which the Law required not who divided themselves from the rest of the Profane World which did not as they did nay from the Asidei themselves who performed as much as they but did not think themselves or others obliged by Law to do so And therefore were 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Pharisees Separaters from other Men Not an Order settled by Law but only a Sect of which some of all Orders of men were and indeed a prevailing Sect taken up by most of the chief Men of the Nation the Elders in the Sanhedrim and Rulers in the Consistories therefore called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Dr. Hammond Annot. on Luke 14.1 Hillal and Sammai were two chief Masters amongst them of Divers Sects The Jews reckon 7 kind of Pharisees The Essenes were divided into 1. Cloisterers Collegiates 1. Married 2. Continent 2. Eremites solitary Persons The 7 Kinds were 1. Siehemitoe which measured Piety by Honour and Profit as the Sichemites which for the Marriage of Dinab would be Circumcised 2. Nacphi which lifted not their Foot from the ground 3. Kisai draw-blood which would smite their head to the wall to draw blood and shut their Eyes that they might not behold a woman 4. Makehobathi that stood on their own Perfection the word signifies what is my sin 5. Meduchia which went low and stooping 6. The Pharisee of Love which obeyed the Law for Love of Vertue or Reward Abraham's Pha. 7. Of Fear or Job's Pharisee which obeyed for fear of Punishment Essees so called from a word which signifies Rest or Silence Sealiger Essoei qu 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Phil. Jud. Pliny l. 5. c. 17. placeth them on the West of the Dead Sea above 4000 in Number avoiding Riches and Pleasures as sins not Marrying but instructing the Children of others not meddling with War or Merchandise Neither Swearing nor Lying their Society such that one Garment one House one Food Treasury one getting spending one life served to them all Purchas Oyl and Neatness they Shun yet wore always a white Garment they worshipped towards the East given to the Study of Physick ascribing all things to Fate Offering inanimate Sacrifices as Pythagoreans and given much to silence keeping every seventh week a Pentecost careful to preserve the Names of Angels Rosse 3. Samaritans Nazarites Rechabites Samaritans 1. Name and Distinction SO called from Samaria the Countrey where they dwelt and the place where they worshipped for their Temple was on Mount Gerizim Of these were four Sects Dositheans Sebueans Essens Gorthens 2. Original Manasses Brother to Jaddus the High-Priest in Jerusalem being Married to Sanballat the Horouite's Daughter by reason of Nehemiah's charge of putting away their strange wives being forced either to put away his wife or not be Priest got leave of Sanballat to build a Temple on Gerizim a Hill in Samaria whither many Apostate Jews fled together with Manasses their High-Priest 3. Errors 1. They as well as the Sadduces rejected Traditions and other Scripture save the Pentateuch 2. They denied also the Resurrection but held that there was Angels 3. Sacrificed at the Temple on Mount Gerizim 4. Allowed no Commerce with the Jews John 4.9 being Excommunicated in Secreto nomine Tetragrammati by Ezra and Nehemiah so that they should have no part in the resurrection Nazarites 1. Name These were Votaries Numb 6. So called from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to separate 2. Office They separated themselves from 1. Wine Strong-drink c. 2. The Dead 3. The Rasour 3. Distinction Some were Nazarites 1. For Life as Sampson John Baptist c. 2. For 30 days as Absalom Paul Acts 21.24 3. Mystically as Christ Mat. 2.3 Rechabites We have little account of them save only out of S. Scripture Jer. 35.2 3. c. Viz. That they were so called from Rechab their Father that they neither did 1. Drink Wine nor 2. Sow Seed 3. Nor build Houses 4. Nor Plant Vine-yards 5. But lived in Tents all their days like strangers Ossens Ossent are added by Epiphanius which seem to be derived from the Essens but they Worshipped Angels Col. 2.21 And the Sun called thence Sampsaeans one of whose chief Doctors was one Elxai in the time of Trajan who taught Aequivocation forbade Praying to the Eastward detested Sacrifices acknowledged a She-holy Ghost c. Mahometan Sects Turks 1. The Turks pretend that Aboubeker was the lawful Successor of Mahomet Omar Successor of Aboubeker Osman of Osmar Aly of Osman Whom the Persians execrate the Memory of Some reduce the difference of Turks and Persians to these 4 Heads 1. A different Explication of the Alcoran 2. Diversity of Saints 3. Diversity of Miracles 4. Diversity of Mosques and Ceremonies 3. The Turks are called Sunni because they follow also Counsels of Devotion besides the commands of their Law M. de Thev 4. They call to Prayers from the tops of Twoers 5. In praying the Sunni hold their hands one over another upon the stomach 6. Among the Turks for a Christian to dispute with them about matters of Faith is punishable by Death M. de Thev Persians The Religion of the Persians is the same in substance with that of the Turks tho no Nations in the
lately an account of greater Divisions some of them being charged by others with damnable Heresies and Doctrines of Devils c. in a Book intituled The Plea of the Innocent c. I take them for a Branch of the Old Anabaptists which sprung up in Germany upon the Reformation though they made no appearance in England 'till the time of our Civil Wars about the Year 1644. and then were assisted at least by some Priests of the Popish Seminaries in disguise as were also several other Sects which then sprung up amongst us See Du Moulin's Philan. Angl. c. Mahometans 1. Creed The first Chapter of the Alcoran is as it were the Mahometan's Creed and 't is called the Mother of the Book containing the Words of Mahomet for the rest are all deliver'd as the Word of God he being induced as Speaker Which first Chapter is this Sense In the Name of God gracious and merciful Thanks be unto God the Lord of the World merciful pitiful Judge at the Day of Judgment We pray unto thee we trust in thee Lead us into the right way the way of them whom thou hast chosen not of them with whom Thou art angry and of the Infidels Out of the Alcoran may be collected more of their Faith as thus 1. God is One necessary to all incorporeal neither begetting nor begotten the Creator long-suffering searcher of the Heart true that he hath no Son needs nothing 2. That Christ is the Son of Mary the best of Women the Prophet of God begotten by the Spirit of her in the shape of a Man Christ was not slain by the Jews but one like him 3. Their Law is to be propagated by the Sword Of the twelve Months four are to be consecrated to this warfare they that refuse it lose their Souls The Unbelievers taken in War that will not turn must be killed or made Slaves 'T is not lawful to dispute about the Law 4. God made the World and disposed the seven Heavens and afterwards Man like unto himself and breathed into him his own Soul a portion of it That the Angels being commanded to do reverence to Adam Beelzebub refused and was therefore damned 5. There is a Paradise and Hell but of sensual Pleasures and Torments 6. Mahomet is the Seal and last of the Prophets to whom it was lawful to lie with all Women even Aunts and Kindred c. 7. There shall be a Resurrection proved by the story of the 7 Sleepers who slept 360 Years 2. Moral and Judicial Precepts and Prohibitions 1. Prohibitions 1. Abstain from Swines-flesh Blood that which dies alone and that which hath the Neck cut off 2. From Wine and Women more than their own Wives or Women 3. Working on Friday at Prayer-time 4. Games of Chesse Scails and Tables 5. Marrying with Men or Women of another Law 6. Marrying with Mother Daughter Sister Aunt Niece Nurse c. 7. Swearing rashly and For-swearing 8. Usury Lying Injustice c. 2. Precepts Affirmative 1. Pilgrimage to Mecha 2. Belief in GOD and Mahomet 3. Marry and Fight for the encrease of Religion 4. Giving wealth to the Poor Men Slaves Birds Dogs 5. Praying five times a Day 6. Keeping Lent one Month in the Year 7. Obedience to Parents 8. Keeping Friday Sabbath cum multis aliis Mahometan Sects 1. Turks or Arabians 1. THE Turks pretendc that Abouleker was the Successor of Mahomet making his Genealogy thus Mahomet 1 Abouleker 1 Omar 1 Osman 1 Aly. 2. The Turks are called Sunni because they follow also Counsels of Devotion besides the Commands of their Law M. de Thev 3. They call to Prayers from the tops of Towers 4. In Praying the Turks hold their hands one over another upon their Stomach 5. Among the Turks for a Christian to dispute with them is a Crime punishable by Death 6. The Turks make God the Author both of Good and Evil. 7. The Turks say the Law is Eternal 8. The Turks teach that God shall be visible to blessed Souls in his Essence 9. The Turks say Mahomet when he received his Alcoran was carried by the Angel Gabriel Body and Soul into God's presence 10. The Arabians pray five times a day 2. Persians 1. The Persians leave out of Mahomet's Succession the names of Abouleker Omar and Osman affirming them to be Usurpers only and no rightful Successors to Mahomet that Aly lawfully and actually succeeded him making the Genealogy thus Mahomet 1 Aly. which Aly say they succeeded Mahomet both in his Doctrine and Empire and married also Mahomet's Daughter who was also the first of the twelve Imams and whose Interpretation of the Law they embrace as the Truest and whose Sepulchre they visit as the Turks the other three 2. The Persians call themselves Schiai because they think it enough to follow the Precepts of their Law though sometimes they follow some of the Counsels too 3. In Persia they call to Prayers three times a day from Terrases not Towers 4. The Schiai in Praying hold not their hands on their Stomach but laying down a little gray stone which they always carry about them every time they prostrate lay their Foreheads on that stone made of the Earth of Keebela where Hussein the second Son of Aly was killed M. de Thev 5. The Persians will suffer Christians to dispute with them about matters of Religion 6. The Persians make God Author of Good only 7. The Persians say only God is Eternal 8. The Persians say he is visible only in his Effects and Attributes 9. The Persians that he was carried only in Soul 10. The Persians pray but three times a day Morning Noon and Night no not upon Fridays The Persians have translated the Alcoran into the Persian Tongue with an interlineal Translation word for word for Turk and Persian both believe that that Book cannot be explainted in any other Language but Arabick Subordinate Sects Dervises THey go about begging Alms in the name of Aly. They wear two Sheep-skins dried in the Sun the one hanging on their Back the other on their Breast the rest of their Body naked their whole body shaved Head bare Temples burnt with a hot Iron Rings with precious Stones in their Ears and a knotty Club in their Hand They are desperate Assassinates Robbing and Murdering on occasion They eat of an Herb called Asserad or Matslach which makes them Mad cutting and slashing themselves which makes them more reverenced On Friday after their Devotion they drink of Asserad and Sing and Dance about a Fire like mad c. See more in the sequel of this Book Imailer The Imailers or Religious Brothers of Love have for their Habit a long Coat of a Violet colour without Seam girt about with a golden Girdle at which hang silver Cymbals which jingle as they go These with a Book in their Hand of Love-Songs go about Singing and receive Money for their Songs and are always bare-headed wearing long Hair which they curl They are worse than Beasts
not far off for He did not make them and go away Sed ex illo in illo sunt Ibid. l. 4. c. 12. Do not hide from me thy Face Let me dye truly let me dye that I may see it Moriar ne moriar ut eam videam l. 1. c. 5. What art thou to me Have Mercy on me that I may speak What am I to thee that thou shouldest command me to love Thee and if I do it not shouldst be angry with me and threaten me with great miserys Is it not a small thing if I should not love thee Alas for me tell me by thy Mercies O Lord my God what Thou art to me Say unto my Soul I am thy Salvation Speak so that I may hear c. Ibid. Galeacius Caracciola Marquess of Vicum the Pope's Nephew upon his parting with his Friends and Family his Lady and Children weeping and crying and himself going to Geneva as an Exile had these words Let them be accursed that prefer all the pleasures of this World to one Hours Communion with Jesus Christ Anonym Joachimus Curaeus a German Physician in the close of his Life spake thus Come Lord Jesus and let all that love thee say Come and he that loves thee not let him be Anathema Maâ—anatha Thou knowest I love thee with thee I shall be the beginning of this New-year Mel. Adam Affiance in GOD. Jews THE Jews still pray for the re-edifying of the Temple with a still Voice that none can hear in these words Let thy will be before thy Face O God our Lord Lord of our Fathers that the holy House of thy Temple may be restored to our Days and grant us thy Will in thy Law And afterwards rising with great Joy and Clamour they sing a Prayer of Praise in hope thereof and sitting down again they read a long Prayer gathered here and there out of the Psalms and some whole Psalms and part of 1 Chron. 30. And lastly the last words of Obadiah v. 21. The Saviours shall ascend into Mount Zion to judge the Mount of Esau and the Kingdom shall be the Lord's Which they speak in hope of the Destruction of the Christians and their own Restitution they proceed singing And God shall be King over all the Earth in that day God shall be One and his Name One as 't is written in thy Law O God hear Israel God our God is One God And this word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 One in the next Prayer they repeat and resound for half an hour together One One One c. Looking up to Heaven and turning to the four corners of the World Purchas Christians Luther in great spiritual trouble having writ about the Walls and Tables in his Study in great Letters VIVIT He is alive to a Friend dedemanding of him the Reason replied Christ is alive and if he were not I would not desire to live one Hour longer Dr. Bolton in his Serm. Mahometans They look upon themselves as obliged to perform the inward acts of Faith and account all Actions without Faith as sins without any Merit F. Simon They commend nothing so much as Trust in God owning him for their only support Idem Heathens M. Antonius gave God thanks for his Assistance in the Government of his Will The Southern Americans when they go to Wars carry their Gods along with them and ask Counsel of them for all Affairs Rosse Obedience to His Laws Jews IN every Synagogue the Book of the Law is kept within a Chest written on Parchment in great Characters and carried to and fro on two Staves fastened to each end of the Parchment The Book which is the Pentateuch is wrapt in Linnen and covered with Silk Velvet or Tissue The two Staves are called the Trees of Life When the Praecentor brings forth the Book they all sing Num. 10.35 Let God arise and let his Enemies be scattered c. After some Anthems are sung one comes and kisses the Cloaths in which it is wrapt and with a loud Voice blesseth God who hath chosen them before all others and given them a Law Then the chief Singer reads a Chapter and the Book is kissed again after that elevated on high the whole Congregation shouting This is the Law that Moses gave to Israel When the Book is wrapt up again all both Young and Old kiss it touching it only with their two Fingers And while it is carried back again they all sing again Return Lord to the many Thousands of Israel Numb 10.36 Mr. Rosse Obedience to the Divine Laws Muscovites SOme Lutheran Divines in Sweden and Livonia have made it a Problematical Question Whether the Muscovites were Christians or not The Danish Gentleman who published the Embassie he was sent upon into Muscovy from Frederick the Second gives the Muscovites a very true Character in two Lines when he says They are subtile over-reaching humourous self-willed obstinate insolent and impudent regulating their Reason according to their Power that they have shaken hands with all Vertues to run themselves into all manner of Vice D. of H. Ambass Trav. Ceylan A witty Man of Ceylan and a good natural Philosopher called Alegamma Motiar having conversed with the Jesuits and desiring to be a Christian desired to know what Jesus Christ had done and left in Writing and having read over the New Testament with that heed and study that in less than six Months there was hardly a Passage which he could not repeat after which he desired to turn Christian because he found their Religion such as Jesus Christ had taught but only he wondred That they themselves did not follow his Example for that he never yet could find by his reading that Jesus Christ ever took any Mony of any body but that they took all they could get and never Baptized or Buried unless they were well paid but tho he started the Question he was Baptized and became a Sedulous Converter of others Tavernier Part 2. l. 3. c. 3 Love and Reverence to his Name Word c. Jews THe Jews to shew their Zeal for the Law of God wear the Zizith or Fringe which is a square piece of Linnen-cloth or Silk c. with Fringes worn next the Shirt hanging down on the breast or Shoulders c. and account the right wearing of it a keeping of the whole Law and ascribe as many miracles to it as the Papists to the Cowl of S. Francis Women never wear it Dr. Addison They have also scrowls of Parchment Phylacteries Tephillim written with several sentences of the Law and tied on the fore-head and left-arms Idem They have a great veneration for the Law viz. the five Books of Moses never reading it or taking it out of the Chest but on Monday Thursday and Sabbath-day After the Elevation of it and its return from Procession and being put in its coverings all the Males in the Synagogue kiss it in order as the Papists do the Pax. Idem When they kiss it they bless God
c. 7. Christians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For how saith St. Chrysoston is it not Absurd that a Servant should not dare to call his Master by name or bluntly and ordinarily to mention him yet that we slightly and contemptuously should in our Mouth toss about the Lord of Angels How is it not Absurd if we have a Garment better than the rest that we forbear to use it continually but in the most slight and common way to wear the Name of God Dr. Barrow 's Sermon How grievous Indecency is it at every turn to Summon our Maker and call down Almighty God from Heaven to attend our Pleasure to vouch our idle Prattle to second our giddy Passions to concern his Truth Justice Power in our trivial Affairs Idem What Presumption is it with unhallowed Breath to vent and toss that Great and Glorious Holy and Reverend Fearful and terrible Name of the Lord our God the Great Creator the Mighty Sovereign the Dreadful Judge of all the Word what Name which all Heaven with profoundest Submission doth adore which the Angelical Powers the Brightest and Purest Seraphim without hiding their Faces and reverential Horrour cannot utter or hear the very thought whereof should strike an awe through our Hearts the mention whereof should make any Sober Man to tremble Idem A good Man should 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and exhibit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Idem ex Clem. Al. Strom. 7. c. Chrysostom preach'd many Sermons to the People of Antioch against Swearing but they being weary of the Subject ask'd when he would leave off Preaching To whom he answered When you leave off Swearing Would you have the Plaister taken away before the Wound be cured Calamy a Fast-Sermon The best way to attest the Truth of what is spoken is to call God to Witness this is the Form of Swearing which we Christians use Athan. Apol. ad Constant. Imp. St. Chrysostom saith It was customary to come into the Church and to Swear upon the Communion-Table taking the Holy Gospels into their hands Dr. Cave St. Basil exhorts them that had Sworn rashly or in unlawful cases to Repentance appoints Perjured Persons Banishment from Communion eleven Years Idem Vegetius de Re Milit. l. 1. a Heathen Author living in the time of Valentinian Jun. sets down this as the Military Oath of the Christians By God Christ and the Holy Spirit and the Majesty of the Emperor Idem Novatus taking his Followers Hands wherein they held the Sacramental Elements caused them to Swear by the Body and Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ that they would not desert him Euseb Pope Pius appointed forty days Penance with Bread and Water and seven Years following for a Perjured Person that was Free three Forties or Lents Penance and lawful Holy-days for him that was bound Carrauz Decr. Pii Pap. If any Swear by God's Hair or Head if in Orders let him be deposed if a Lay-man Excommunicated c. Idem ibid. Dr. Taylor to the Bishop of London degrading him When the Bishop according to the Formality should have struck him on the Breast with his Crozier and his Chaplains disswaded him from it because he would strike again Yes said he by St. Peter will I for it is the Cause of Christ And again to Mr. Bradford the same Doctor relating the Story told him I have fâ—ightned the Bishop of London for that his Chaplains thought I would have struck him and by my Troth quoth he rubbing his hands I made him believe I would do so indeed Fox's Martyrol Papists Bishop Bonner swore frequently by God by St. Mary by St. Augustine by the Blessed Sacrament Allhallows by my Faith Troth Ibid. Common Swearing among the Papists a venial Sin Aug. de Clavasio Mahometans Vallahi or Tallahi i. e. by God a usual Form of Swearing among the Mahomitans About ten years ago an Arabian well known to me Ahmed Ibn Ali a Suliensian was reproved by the Famous Golius for Swearing took it well and gave thanks for reducing him from that Pernicious and Damnable Custom Hottinger Ancient Heathens 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 An Oath is a most dreadful thing Arist Reverence an Oath 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Pythag. aur Carm. The best way of observing an Oath is if you neither use it frequently nor rashly nor in common matters nor for the amplification of Speech nor confirmation of a Relation but in things necessary and solemn and when there is no other way to procure Credit c. Hierocl in Curm Pyth. vid. Isocr ad Demonic Sect. 30. With the Scythians the Swearer's Punishment was loss of his Estate with the Persians Bondage with the Grecians cutting off the Ears with the Romans throwing down a steep Rock Anon. With the English now Payment of one Shilling Praying unto God Jews THE Jews in Barbary resort to Prayer thrice every day in their Oratories 1. At Sun-rising for two hours together which is called Tephillah Sabarit or Morning Prayer 2. About three a clock in the Afternoon which is called Tephillah Minscha or Evening Prayer 3. After Sun-set which is Tephillah arvit or Night Prayer These two last Services are not both of them above an hour long Dr. Addison They pray also to the Angels in their Retirements for the necessary Evacuations of their Body thus Most Holy and most Glorious Ministers of the most High I beseech you keep preserve and help me wait till I come in and go out for this is the Custom and way of all Men. Idem There is an Univesal Agreement among them that they ought every day to say over a hundred Benedictions viz. At washing in the Morning 23 at entrance into the Synagogue six at putting on the Zizith one at putting on the Tephillim one at every one of the three Offices in the Synagogue eighteen three after Dinner two before Night at going to sleep two and as many at Dinner and Supper Idem The Pharisees spent one quarter of the day in Prayer Dr. Hall Christians St. James the Just went daily to the Church and there kneeling on the Pavement prayed so that his Knees became hard and brawny as Camels Dr. Cave out of Euseb Nazianzen saith his Mother Gorgonia prayed so oft that her Knees were hard and did as it were stick to the Ground Idem The Barking of Dogs the Bellowing of Oxen the Grunting of Hogs pleaseth God better than the Canting of Luxuriant Clergy-men Hibernic ex August Thou didst afflict me with Pain of the Teeth and when it was so great that I could not speak it came into my Mind to admonish all my Friends present to Pray for me unto the God of all Health And I wrote this in Wax and gave it to them to be read As soon as we had kneeled down the Pain went away I was amazed I confess my Lord my God for I had never found any thing like it in all my Life August l. 9. Conf. c. 4. Constantine the Great caused his Image in all his
there are above 2000 for no Lord but hath his private Chappel nor any Street but hath many of them though most of Wood and very small ones but fifteen foot square D. of Holstein 's Embass Indian Christians The Indian Christians though heir Churches are low and ill furnished yet they are neat and sweetly kept matted and without painted which the Greek Churches abound with They assemble chearfully and at their entring shut their Eyes the better to contemplate the Exercise they come about with their own Unworthiness Kneeling they look towards the Altar near which the Priest is seated him they salute with humble Reverence who returns his Blessing with the uplifting of his Hands and Eyes Sir Thomas Herbert Mexicans In Mexico were thirteen Temples Purchas Mahometans In Fez are 700 Mosquits some garnished with many Pillars and Fountains of Marble each Temple hath a Priest to say Service and look to the Churches Revenue Rosse Tunquinese In Tunquin the great Cities have several Pagods and hardly a Town or Village but hath one and for every Pagod at least two Bonzes and two Says but some Pagods maintain forty Bonzes and as many Says Tavernier's Collect. Pegu. In Pegu they are magnificent in their Pagods having some of beaten Gold in the Varella or Temple of their King there are three of Silver and one of Massy Gold in the shape and proportion of a Man c. Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. Circassia They have one thing remarkable that they never enter their Churches till they resolve to have off Vice that is till after forty years of Age after which time they rob no more Ibid. German Protestants Those of the Palsgrave's Country had each Sunday two Sermons the absent first admonished by the Clergy the next time the Civil Magistrate was called to help Those of Geneva in the Churches of their Cities every Sunday four Sermons Those of Breme three of which one was Catechetical Mr. Hale 's Letter from the Synod of Dort to Sir D. Carleton L. Embass Papists What meant sundry Ancient Councils as the Eleventh of Tolet in Spain yea even of Trent it self to enjoyn frequent Preaching calling for more than any Man almost is able to perform Anonym Catechising Jews COncerning the care which the Jews now take in Catechising their Children see afterwards under the Title of Good Children Christians 8. Clemens praiseth the Corinthians that they took care to admonish their young Men to follow things modest and comely and exhorts them to instruct the Younger to make their Children Partakers of the Discipline of Christ Dr. Cave Constantine's first and greatest care towards his Sons was to secure the Happiness of their Souls by sowing the Seeds of Piety in their Minds which he did partly himself by appointing Religious Tutors for them and when he had taken them into a Partnership of the Government by private Admonitions or by Letters giving them Counsel c. This was always the first and chief Point That they should prefer the Knowledge and Worship of GOD the Great King of the World before all other advantages yea the Empire it self Idem Nazianzen commends his Mother that not only she her self was brought up under a Pious Education but conveyed it down as a necessary Inheritance to her Children Gorgonia being well seasoned with her Instructions and Example for she reclaimed her Husband educated her Children and Nephews in the ways of Religion while she lived and left this as her last Charge and Request when she died Idem The Order of Catechising in the Primitive Times is thus delivered by Mr. Gabriel Towerson c. 1. When any desired to become a Proselyte inquiry was made not only into the Life of the Catechumen but of those who brought him 2. Upon Admonition and a promise of Reformation he was admitted into the Rank of Catechumens by Prayer and Imposition of Hands and so passed over to his Instructor in a private School or Auditory 3. The Catechist entertain'd him with a long Narration of the Story of the Bible from the Creation to the Birth Life Death and Resurrection of our Saviour c. closing with the last Jugment and an Admonition to beware of False Teachers and of being scandalized at the ill Lives of some Christians The Catechist all this while standing though S. Austin would have had it changed into a sitting Posture to prevent weariness 4. After this they were taught particular Points as of Faith c. Then admitted to the Lessons and the Expositions of them in publick and lastly to the Prayers of the Catechumens 5. After two or more Years they gave up their Names and Petitions to be Baptized usually before Easter and then plied with earnest Exhortations to Repentance Fasting and Prayer 6. The Apostles and next the Bishops were Catechists afterwards the Office was devolved on others as Cyprian appointed one Optatus one not of the Clergy Augustine one Deo-gratias a Deacon Demetrius Bishop of Alexandria made Origen at eighteen Years a Catechist of that Famous School In a Synod held at Clovershow or Clyff under Cuthbert Arch-Bishop of Canterbury A. C. 〈◊〉 it was ordained That those Priests who did not as yet understand the Creed and the Lords Prayer should both learn themselves and teach them to others in the English-Tongue Speâ—m Concil p. 242. Can. 10. By Canons given under King Edgar A. C. 967. care was taken That Children should be taught their Pater-noster and Credo by their Parents else when dead not to be buried in Consecrated Ground or thought worthy to receive the Eucharist Ibid. p. 447. Can. 17.22 Much the same thing and in the same words is enjoyned amongst the Ecclesiastick Laws of K. Knute a. 1032. A. C. 1548. Arch-Bishop Cranmer compiled a Catechism dedicates it to the King and in his Epistle complains of the great neglect that had been in former times of Catechising Dr. Burnet's Hist of the Reformation It was the Observation of the Learned'st King that ever sate on the English Throne That the Cause of the Miscarriage of our People into Popery and other Errors was their ungroundedness in the Points of Catechism Therefore his said Late Majesty gave publick Order for bestowing the latter part of the LORD's Day in Familiar Catechism For my part I have spent the greater half of my Life in this station of Holy Service I thank GOD not unpainfully not unprofitably But there is no one thing whereof I repent so much as not to have bestowed more Hours in this Publick Exercise of Catechism in regard whereof I could quarrel with my very Sermons c. Bp. Jos Hall Ep. Ded. to the Old Relig. Geldria One of the Deputies of Geldria to shew the Force of Catechising told That amongst them a Minister who at his first coming to his Living found all his Parishioners Papists so that he must Preach to the Walls c. But by going to their Houses and expounding the Grounds of Religion within a Year he gained them all
be Proprietors of any thing they live in Woods like Hermits nothing about them but a Linen Cloth to hide Nature wherever they sit down they throw Ashes on their Head speak to no body by way of Salutation or Petition If nothing be given them they feed on Roots an Herbs never Command their Servants to do ought Mandelslo Ancient Heathen When a great deal of Gold and Silver was carried along in a Solemn Pomp before Socrates he cried out Quam multa non Desidero How many things do I not covet He commonly went barefoot Anacharsis to Hanno sends greeting A Scythian covering is my Cloathing the thick Skin of my Feet my Shoes the Earth my Bed Hunger my Sawce I eat Milk Cheese and Flesh You may come to me and find me contented if you please but for those gifts with which you are delighted bestow them either on your Citizens or the immortal Gods For he valued not Mony at all Cicer. Tusc 5. Many despise Riches who being content with a little are pleased with a slender diet and raiment Cic. in Laelio Government of the Tongue Jews THe Esseans were much addicted to silence Christians I am of Opinion with S. Gregory when justly accused of a Fault Humble thy self and confess that thou deservest more than the Accusation laid upon thee if falsly accused excuse thy self meekly denying thy self to be guilty for thou owest that reverence to Truth and the Edification of thy Neighbour But if after all this men continue to accuse thee vex not thy self nor strive to get thy excuse admitted For having done thy duty to Truth thou must do it to Humility S. Fr. Sales We scorn to live upon any terms by which we must be forced to maintain our Lives by lies and falsehoods Just. M. Apol. 1. It is enough for a good man either by way of Affirmation or Denial to give this assurance 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 I speak truly Clem. Alex. Strom. l. 7. Some of the Antient Fathers held all Swearing unlawful S. Basil Exhorts all vain Swearers to repent appoints eleven years suspension from the Sacrament for Perjury False Accusation before the Church to be punished with Suspension if proved but not revealed in due time with two years suspensision tho the person was guilty yet if not proved sufficiently with five years False Accusation of a Minister Bishop Priest or Deacon with Suspension perpetual Greg. Thaumaturgus durst never call his Brother Fool c. Narcissius Bishop of Jerusalem being falsly accused by three Malicious Fellows who accused him with sad Imprecations upon themselves all three of them were in process of time overtaken with the same Judgments they wished upon themselves Vid. Pontan Bellaria c. Item D. Cave Prim. Christ Muscovites Railing and Insolent Language was Prohibited to the Muscovites by the great Duke upon pain of Whipping and if offered to persons of Quality a Fine of sometimes 2000 Crowns but the People are so addicted to it that the Order is for the most part ineffectual D. of Holstein's Emb. Trav. p. 60. Papists The Nuns of Venice have been under much scandal for a great while Chiefly those of S. Zachary and S. Lawrence where none but Noble Venetians are admitted and where it is not so much as pretended that they have retired for Devotion but that they might not be too great a Charge to their Family They are not Veiled their Neck and Breast is bare and they receive much Company but that which I saw was in a publick Room in which there were many Grills for several Parlours so that the Conversation is very confused for there being a different Company at every Grill and the Italians speaking generally loud the noise of so many loud Talkers is very disagreeable The Nuns talk much and very disgracefully and allowed themselves a liberty in rallying that other places could not bear Dr. Burnet's Let. 'T is said of Th. a Kempis that when he was in Company with others who were discoursing of Secular Matters he sate still silent but when any Religious Subject was started he was warm and Fluent See his Life Mahometans They declaim most against Slander and Backbiting and Censurings even when true if of things hidden as that such a Person is Dead in Unbelief or deserves Hell unless expresly mention'd by the Prophet as the Devil Abuhasel Abugehel F. Simon Tunquinese In the Kingdom of Tunquin either at their ordinary Meals or upon fome Festival they account it a great piece of manners to be silent or if they have a desire to Discourse they alway allow the Eldest the honour of beginning bearing a great respect to them that are Aged But the youngest at the Table is never permitted to begin their Discourse Tavernier Collect. of Relat c. Japannese In Japan Lying is punished with Death Pacquet broke open vol. 2. Antient Heathens Anacharsis a Barbarian came out of Scythia to Athens to look for a Wise Man but finding none was resolved to search all Greece at last having found one Myson in a poor Town called Chenes whose business was to look to his Family Till the Ground Educate his Children was satisfied 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. e. he admired mightily the quietness of the Man's works and the sparingness of his words Max. Tyr. diss 15. Sobriety in Apparel Jews THE Apparel of the Jews in Barbary at this day is thus First a brimless Cap of black colour to distinguish them from the Moors who wear red ship-shoes Linnen-Drawers and Vest over which they put a loose Garment called a Ganiphe that is a black square piece of course hair Stuff closed at the cross Corners and all round it is a large Thrum Dr. Addison Christian It is not enough for a Christian to be chaste and modest he must appear to be so Tertul. de Cult Foem l. 2. c. 13. Two ends of Clothing Honesty and Necessity Another end Distinction of Sexes and Degrees Clem. Alex. Such Women as cannot otherwise gain upon their unbelieving Husbands may if their Husbands require go a little more Trim and Neat. Idem Tertullian changed his Coat for a Cloak not when he firs turned Christian but when made Presbyter of Carthage called therefore by him Sacerdotis habitus Pallium being the proper Habit of Philosophers among the Greeks and of the stricter sort among the Christians whether Clergy or Laity especially Clergy Dr. Cave The Garment that we should wear ought to be mean and frugal not curiously wrought with divers Colours the Emblem of Craft and Deceit but white to signifie our Simplicity and Truth Clem. Alex. Cyprian observed a due Decorum in his Garb keeping a just distance between Slovenliness and Superfluity Chrysostom commends Olympias a Woman of great Birth and Estate and Piety for the incredible modesty and meanness of her Attire not much better than that of the poorest Beggar having nothing in her Garb or Gate that was feigned or gawdy elaborate or artificial Against Painting and Beautifying the
The Emperor met with nothing else in the Paper but Reproaches of his Tyranny and Attestations of Joy from the Lady that she had the opportunity to sacrifice her self to the memory of her Husband Ibid. Lutherans At Bern the third Adultery is punished with Death which is also the punishment of the fifth Act of Fornication of which I saw an instance while I was at Bern for a Woman who confessed her self guilty of many Whoredoms and designed to be reveng'd on some Men that did not furnish her liberally with Money was upon that account condemned and executed the manner was solemn for the Advoyer comes into an open Bench in the middle of the Street and for the satisfaction of the People the whole Process was read and sentence was pronounced in the hearing of all the Counsellors both of the great and lesser Council standing about the Advoyer who after Sentence took the Criminal gently by the Hand and prayed for her Soul and after Execution there was a Sermon for the instruction of the People Dr. Burnet's Letters Papists in Florence I was much scandalized to see Statues with Nudities here which I do not remember to have seen any where else in Churches Dr. Burnet's Letters Bengal In Bengal Adultery is punished by cutting the Nose yet is very common Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. Siam 'T is burning alive for the Clergy in Siam to have to do with Women but those that cannot contain may quit the Priesthood and be absolved from their Vow of Chastity There are also Nunneries of old Religious Women situate near the Temple that they may be present at the Offices and Prayers there Ibid. Patana The Mahometans in Patana judge Fornication no Sin but Adultery is capital yet the Delinquent may chuse the manner of Death and a near Relation must be Executioner Ibid Moluques Polygamy among the Moluques is lawful and Adultery unpunished Ibid. Japanese The Ecclesiasticks in Japan make a vow of Chastity so strictly to be observed that the least breach of it is punished with the most cruel Death imaginable fixing them in the Earth up to the middle in a Road and all the vulgar Passengers are to strike him in the Neck with a wooden Saw which makes him three or four Days expiring But think them not Chaste for all this for they are allowed the use of Men and Boys Ibid. Yet one Sect of the Ecclesiastics are allowed to marry Ibid. Fermosa Adultery Theft and Murder here are accounted no Crimes the only Sins being their covering their secret Parts at set-times to wear Silk when they should wear Cotton not to have destroyed Children in their Mothers Womb who cannot lawfully bear a Child at 30 or 35 Years of age Ibid. Chinese In China Polygamy is lawful Ibid. Candin In Candin they prostitute their Wives Sisters and Daughters to Strangers in honour of their Idols Ibid. Circassia They seem to adore a Goats-Skin which at the Funeral of the Chief Lords of each Village is set up at its entrance The Privities they cut off and cast against the Wall and if they stick there they worship them Ibid. Madagascar c. In Madagascar the Lower-Ethiopia c. they allow Polygamy Ibid. Mexico Some of the Priests in Mexico to preserve their Chastity slit their Members in the midst and do an hundred things to make themselves Impotent lest they should offend their Gods Purchas Paria In Paria each Man is allowed as many Wives as he lists at least as he can maintain tho they never have the Maiden-heads of any Prostituting them the first Night to the Piaco's Priests or to their appointment who for small matters turn over that drudgery to Strangers Nor do they at any time think their Guests welcome unless they will do the Office of Men to their Wives Sisters c. S. Clark Patience in Sufferings Christians There were Six Methods of Execution Ordinary in the Primitive Times 1. THE Cross ✚ Upon this the Christians Hung till starved with Hunger or dispatched by Birds or wild Beasts S. Andrew continued two whole Days on the Cross Preaching the Gospel all the while Timotheus and his Wife Maura after many other Torments hung nine Days before they compleated their Martyrdom It was the peculiar Punishment of Slaves Traitors and the vilest Malefactors S. Peter and some Egyptian Martyrs were hung with their Heads downwards Constantine took away the use of the Cross 2. The Rack Equuleus because the Man was Horsed upon the Engine by Ropes and Skrews and Pullies a long board was on the Top of it Besides which there was Catasta a Piece of wood like a little Scaffold that the Torments might be more conspicuous In both of them were ungulae pinchers of Iron with sharp Teeth to pull the Flesh by Piece-meal 3. The Wheel sometimes with Iron Pricks on which the person bound was whirled about with a Violent Distortion Thus suffered Felix Presb Fortunatus c. 4. Burning designed for Villains c. 5. Throwing to wild Beasts Bears Leopards Lions c. 6. Condemning to the Mines where was toyling beating with Clubs binding with Chains lying on the Ground Nakedness the Heads half shaved like Slaves a mark in the Face the right Eye pulled out the left foot disabled by cutting of Nerves the Estate forfeited c. To which add 1. Scourging with Rods Plumbate having Leaden Plummets at the ends 2. Beheading c Marcus Bishop of Arethusa being first dawbed with Honey was exposed to Wasps on a Pole in the Sun Some were put into old Ships and turned out to Sea the Vessels being first set on fire Thus an Orthodox Presbyter under Valens the Arrian Emperor was served Concerning the Patience of the Primitive Christians Observe 1. When sought for by Persecutors they cared not to escape So Polycarp refused to Fly tho into the next House Cyprian Commends some Confessors whom he wrote to in Prison that when oft desired to go out of Prison they would not Himself did with-draw from Carthage when sent for to Suffer at Vtica that when he did suffer he might Suffer at Carthage where he was Bishop a thing which he earnestly wished for and it was granted him 2. They Offered themselves The miscrable Creatures 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 do verily perswade themselves that they shall surely be Immortal and Live for ever on which account they despise Death and many of them voluntarily Offer themselves to it Lucian de Mort. Peregr Tom. 2. I am quite tired out in Punishing and Destroying the Galileans called here by the Name of Christians according to your Commands and yet they cease not to offer themselves to be slain Nay tho I have laboured both by fair means and threatenings to make them conceal themselves from being known to be Christians yet can I not stave them off from Persecution Tiberianus President of Palestine to the Emperor Trajan Apud Vsser Append. Ignat. O unhappy People if you have a mind to dye have you not
my Salvation I wholly offer up my Soul and Body I cast my self wholly upon his Mercy and Grace c. Ibid. Andrew Willet a little before his death repeated the 146th Psalm and said it was a most sweet Psalm by and by rising out of a Trance to his Wife crying out he said Let me alone I shall do well Lord Jesu and so departed Anonym Robert Bolton in a Quartane Ague after meditating on the Four last Things desiring to be dissolv'd in the pangs of death he breathed out I am now drawing on apace to my Dissolution hold out Faith and Patience your work will quickly be at an end he died aged 60. Anonym William Whately in Sickness comforted himself with Ps 41.1 2. whilst a Friend was praying with him lifting up his Eyes and one of his Hands in the Close of the Prayer he gave up the Ghost aged 56. Idem Ant. Walleus called his Family and exhorted them to the fear of God then took his leave and fell asleep never thoroughly awaking till on the Lord's day at 11 a Clock he expired aged 66. 1639. Hen. Alting the day before his death sang Psal 130. with great Fervency in the Evening blessed his Children and exhorted them to fear God and to persevere in the Truth of the Gospel and so died aged 57. A. 1644. Fred. Spanhemius having preach'd his last Sermon at Easter upon Phil. 3.24 Who shall change our vile Body c. he prayed for his Family and himself and in the Close of his Prayer died 1649 aged 49. Philip de Mornay Lord of Plessis Marley being sick of a continual Feaver often said I fly I fly to Heaven and the Angels are carrying me into the Bosom of my Saviour I know that my Redeemer liveth I shall see him with mine Eyes and I feel I feel what now I speak he died aged 74. Mr. John Bruen of Stapleford in Cheshire Esq the Morning before his Death said I will have no Blacks I love no Proud nor Pompous Funeral neither is there any cause of Mourning but of rejoycing rather in my particular Immediately before his Death Lifting up his Hands he said The Lord is my Portion my Help and my Trust his blessed Son Jesus Christ is my Saviour and Redeemer Amen Even so saith the Spirit unto my Spirit therefore come Lord Jesus and kiss me with the Kisses of thy Mouth and embrace me with the Arms of thy Love into thy Hands I commend my Spirit O come now and take me to thy self O come Lord Jesus come quickly O come O come O come and so died aged 65 A.C. 1625. Mr. Will. Perkins to a Friend praying for him said Pray not for the mitigation of my Torments but for the increase of my Patience he died aged 44. A.C. 1602. Edw. Deering As for my Death I bless God I feel so much inward Joy and Comfort in my Soul that if I were put to my choice whether to die or to live I would a thousand times rather chuse Death than Life if it may stand with the Will of God he died A.C. 1576. Melancthon to his Son-in-law Dr. Bucer asking what he would have answered Nothing but Heaven and therefore trouble me no more with speaking to me I have delivered more upon this subject in a former Book called The Christians Companion Mahometans and Heathens A great Solider in eminent favour with the Great Mogul a Mahometan Atheist upon a wound proving Mortal by the occasion of a Hair pluckt off his Breast about his Nipple in wantonness by one of his Women when a dying said Who would not have thought but that I who have been bred so long a Soldier should have died in the Face of my Enemy by a Sword or Lance or Arrow or Bullet or by some such instrument of Death but now am forc'd to confess That there is a great God above whose Majesty I ever despis'd that needs no bigger Lance than a Hair to kill an Atheist a Despiser of his Majesty and so desiring that those his last Words might be told unto the King his Master he died The Dervise that gave his sense of the Apparition at Medina mentioned in the Chapter of Miracles c. died with those Words in his Mouth if my Memory fail me not O thou Woman with the Book in thine Hand have Mercy upon me Heathen Antient. I am not haled to Death but am ascending up to Heaven The last Words of Socrates with the Mortal Cup in his Hand Socrates said Mr. H. Bullinger was glad when his death approached because he thought he should go to Hesiod Homer and other Learned Men whom he should meet with in the other World then how much more do I enjoy who am sure that I shall see my Saviour Christ the Saints Patriarchs Prophets Apostles and all Holy Men which have lived from the beginning of the World These I say I am sure to see and to partake with them in Joy The Words of Dying Bullinger See more in Erasmus ' s Conviv Religios Cicero in his Dialogue concerning Old Age introduceth Cato Major speaking thus If any God should grant me leave to grow young and cry like an Infant in my Cradle again I would utterly refuse it nor would I be willing as one that hath run his Race out to be called back from the Goal to the beginning again For what Profit hath Life or rather what toil hath it not But whether it hath or no certainly it gluts or satisfies for I am not minded to lament that I have lived which many and they Learned Men have often done nor do I repent my Life because I have so lived that I think I was not born in vain and I depart hence as out of an Inn not from my Home O famous day when I shall go to that Assembly and Council of Divine Souls and depart out of this Rout and Sink Occasions of Conversion Jews EVE Cohan was converted by ocasion of reading the New-Testament which she found in the Chamber of her Dancing-Master in Holland but being threatned and ill-treated by her Mother upon it married her Master came over into England and was baptized at London about half a score Years ago Discoursing once with an Italian Jew concerning the Conditions of Rome he began with great assurance to tell me That at Rome great Wonders were to be seen as a Man that could make his God make and unmake Sins at his pleasure c. closing up his Discourse with a deep Protestation That if he were a Christian the Vices and Doctrines of Italy would strongly tempt him to disown that Name Dr. Addison Christians Matthias Vessenbechius a Lawyer Student at Lovain converted by seeing the Sufferings of a poor Godly Man of that place Ex Melch. Ad. Francis Junius being at Lyons escaped an imminent Death upon which being somewhat awakened to a Sense of Divine Providence he desired to read over the New-Testament of which himself gives this Account When I opened
to say any thing of a People whose Superstitions are so well known to the Protestants notwithstanding take these few Stories from Dr. Burnet I heard saith he a Copuchin preach here at Milan it was the first Sermon I heard in Italy and I was much surprized at many Comical Expressions and Gestures but most of all with the Conclusion for there being in all the Pulpits of Italy a Crucifix on the side towards the Altar He after a long Address to it at last in a forced Transport took it in his Arms and hugged it and kissed it but I observed that before he kissed it he seeing some Dust on it blew it off very carefully for I was just under the Pulpit He entertained it with a long and tender Caress and held it out to the People and would have forced Tears both from himself and them yet I saw none shed Dr. Burnet 's Letters In Lausanne and Bern one sees a Heat and Bigottry beyond what appears either in France or Italy Long before they come within the Church-Doors they kneel down in the Streets when Mass is a Saying in it The Images also are extreme gross in the Chief Church of Solotoura there is an Image of God the Father as an old Man with a great black Beard having our Saviour on his Knees and a Pigeon on his Head Here also begins a Devotion at the Ave-Mary Bell which is scarce known in France but is practis'd all Italy over At Noon and at Sun-set the Bell rings and all say the Ave-Mary and a short Prayer to the Virgin but whereas in Italy they content themselves with putting off their Hats in Switzerland they do for the most part kneel down in the Streets which I saw no where practis'd in Italy except at Venice and there it is not commonly done Idem The Devotion that is paid to this Saint Antony all Lombary over is surprizing He is called by way of Excellence Il Santo and the Beggars generally ask Alms for his sake but among the little Vows that hang without the Holy Chapel there is one that is the highest pitch of Blaspemy that can be imagined Exaudit speaking of the Saint quos non audit ipse Deus he hears those whom God himself doth not hear Idem Guinea In Guinea they hold it a Sin to spit on the Ground Anonym Mexico In Mexico they held it for an Ominous Token That some Religious Man or Woman had committed a Fault when they saw a Rat or a Mouse pass or a Bat in the Idol-Chapel or that they had gnawed any of the Veils and then began to make inquisition and discovering the Offender put him to Death Purchas Within this great Circuit of the Principal Temple were two Houses like Cloysters the one opposite to the other one of Men the other of Women In that of Women they were Virgins only of 12 or 13 Years of Age which they called the Maids of Penance they were as many as the Men and lived chastly and regularly as Virgins dedicated to the Service of their God Their charge was to sweep and make clean the Temple and every Morning to prepare Meat for the Idol and his Ministers of the Alms the Religious gathered The Food they prepared for the Idol was of small Loaves in the form of Hands and Feet as of March-pane c. These Virgins had their Hair cut and then let it grow for a certain time they rose at Midnight to the Idol's Mattins which they daily celebrated performing the same Exercises which the Religious did They had their Abbesses who employed them to make Cloth of divers fashions for the Ornaments of their Gods and Temples Their ordinary Habit was all white without any work or colour They did their Penance at Midnight sacrificing and wounding themselves and piercing the tops of their Ears laying the Blood which issued forth on their Cheeks and after bathed themselves in a Pool which was in the Monastery None were received into this Monastery but the Daughters of one of the six Quarters named for that purpose and this Procession continued a Year during which time their Fathers and they had Vowed thus to serve the Idol and then they might Marry The other Cloyster was of Young Men of 18 or 20 Years old with Crowns shaven living poorly and chastly ministring to the Priests Incense Lights and Garments sweeping the Holy Place bringing Wood for a continual Fire that still burned before the Altar Besides these there were other little Boys that decked the Temple with Boughs Roses and Reeds gave the Priests Water to wash Razours for Sacrificing and went with such as begged Alms to carry it When they came where Women were they carried their eyes to the ground not daring to behold them They had linnen Garments and went into the City 4 or 6 together to beg Alms and if they got none they might go into the Corn-fields and gather what they needed There might not above 50 live thus together they arose at Midnight and sounded the Trumpet to awaken the People They watched by turn that the Fire might not go out At Midnight Morning Noon and Night they gave the Censer to the Priest and after Midnight-Service they retired into a secret place where they sacrificed and drew blood with Bodkins from the Calves of their Legs with which they rub'd their Temples and under their Ears and afterwards washed in a Pool appointed for that end Purchas Ancient Heathens The Tartars have their Religious Votaries and Monasteries amongst which there is an Order called Senscin which eat nothing but Bran steep'd in Water Rosse Modern Heathens The Chinese have many Monasteries Monks who are shaven wear Beads are present at Funerals are bound to Celebacy whilst Monks and to Pray two hours together before Day Of these are four sorts distinguished by four Colours black white yellow russet They have also their Priors Provincials and General who is carried on Mons Shoulders in an Ivory Chair and is cloathed in Silk Their maintenance partly allowed by the King partly got by begging c. They have also Nuns Hermits Consecrated Hills c. Rosse The Religious Orders in Siam are so strict that it's Death among them to speak to a Woman they feed on Rice only and Herbs which they beg from Door to Door They must not buy nor sell nor take Rents They are tied to rise at Midnight to Prayers they go bare-footed and in bare clothes Idem In Japan They have multitudes of Cloysters and Colleges Idem In Ceylon are many Monasteries of yellow Monks shaven and still praying on Beads who have their Processions in great Solemnity with Dancing and Musick Idem Mahometans In Natolia near the Sepulcher of a certain Saint is a Convent of these Monks viz. Dervises being above 500 where once a Year is kept a general Meeting of this Order about 8000 over whom their Superior called Assambaba is President Idem Christians The Original of Monachism is attributed to S.
washed and anointed 2. 'T is carried to Church the Bearers by the way resting three times to signifie Christ's resting in the Grave 3. Holy Water and Frankincense is put into the Grave to keep out evil Spirits c. 4. He is buried with green Bays to shew the Immortality of the Soul 5. With the Face upward and his Feet toward the East to shew his Expectation of Heaven and his readiness to meet Christ in the Resurrection from the East Note 1. Every Christian buried out of the Church or Church-yard hath a Cross set at his Head to shew that he was a Christian 2. Clergy-Men in Orders are buried in the habit of their Orders 3. All are wrapt in Linnen because Christ was so 4. Some also in Sack-cloth to shew their Repentance 5. Antiently the names of Holy Men were registred in Scrolls or folding Tables called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Dypticks which words the Latin Church retained Dr. Holyday on Juven p. 173. saith The Dypticha were two Tables containing the names of especial Persons some alive and some dead some Vertuous some Vicious Read in time of Divine Service amongst the Primitive Christians for the determent of bad c. and the Bishops kept them and publickly read them in time of Divine Service to shew that the Just shall be had in everlasting remembrance 6. Prayers for the Dead are only for such as are in Purgatory i. e. who died in Venial Sins unrepented of 7. There is neither Gloria in excelsis nor Hallelujahs used in the Office for the Dead Mr. Rosse out of Aleninus c. Roman The Roman Catacombs are without the Walls of the Town according to the Law of the twelve Tables yet they seem to run under it viz. vast Caves in the Rocks made use of as Repositories of dead Bodies where they were thrown and there putrified putuerunt thence called Puticoli where the meanest sort of the Ronan Slaves were laid Dr. Burnet's Letters who discourses upon them at large Guinea In Guinea they bury Gods of Straw with their Dead that they may accompany them in the other World Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. Mexico The Priests in Mexico interr'd the Dead the places where they buried them were their Gardens and Courts of their own Houses others carried them to the places of their Sacrifices in the Mountains others burnt them and after buried the Ashes in the Temples They sung the Funeral Offices like Responds often lifting up the dead Body with many Ceremonies at these Mortuaries they did eat and drink and if it were a Person of Quality they gave Apparel to such as came the Friends saluted the Person as if he were living for a King or Lord they put some Slaves Cook Butler c. to death with him to serve him in the other World they give him Ornaments also the Obsequies continued ten days c. Purchas out of Acosta Guiana In some parts of Guiana when the Flesh of the Dead is worn off by Putrefaction they hang up the Soâ—leton in the Chamber or House where the Party died decking the Scull with Feathers of divers Colours and hanging Jewels and Plates of Gold about the Arm and Thigh-Bones S. Clark A Table of Heresies and Errors or at least different Opinions from what is asserted in the Column of Orthodoxy Orthodoxy Heresies and Errors THere is One God ATheist Diagoras Theodorus c. There is no God Julius Caesar Vanin suffered as an Atheist  Polytheists Pagan There are many Gods  Gnosticks Two Gods  Marcionites Two Gods one maker of the World bad the other good  Manichees Two Gods One good 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the other bad 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉  Valentinus Thirty Gods or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 divided into several Syzygiae  Basilides One Chief Power 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Without Body Parts Passions Anthropomorphites With a body ' parts and passions as a man  Meletonii With a body c.  Mahometans Of a Corporeal Essence with a Soul  Hobbes God is Almighty matter Who created the World viz. Heaven and Earth of nothing and all things therein Aristotle The World was Eternal  Hermians Seleucians Matter was co-eternal with God So the Muggletonians say of Earth and Water  Carpocrates Cerinthus Simon Magus Saturninus Menander Archontici God did not make the World but Angels in number 7 the Off-spring of Abraxas without leave from God  Basilides Those 7 Angels made 365 Heavens  Marcionites The World was too base a thing for God to create  Manichees The substance of the good God was distributed by crumbs among the creatures  Luciferiani Priscillianists The Devil made the world for it lieth in wickedness  Familists God by them made the world  Epicurus The world was made by a Fortuitous concourse of Atoms  Hobbes Whether God created all things else is to be decided by the civil power And formed Man of Earth with a Reasonable Soul Manichees Priscillianists The Devil made man his body only I suppose they mean  Patriciani The Devil made our flesh which may be put off by violent Death  Paterniani The Devil made the lower parts of man which may be used to sin  Priscillianists The soul was made of the same substance with God  Luciferiani The soul was raised out of the flesh  Jews in Barbary All souls wore created together and put in a certain Region c.  Hobbes Irenaeus That man at his first creation was imperfect Rules all things by his Providence Epicureans The world is too base for God to look after  Aristotle Certain Angels are intrusted with the Government  Cyprian God hath committed the Government of the world to certain Coelestial Powers  Stoicks Manichees All things are Ruled by Fate and Fortune  Bardesanes All things are Ruled by Fate  Jews in Barbary Every man hath Two Angels one good and another bad attending him  Colarbas The Generation and Life of man is in the 7 Planets  Familists All things are Ruled by Nature not ordered by God In the Godhead are 3 Persons Marcellians Luciani The Trinity is an Extension of the Deity  Hobbes Is but a threefold Representation of God  Noetians Praxeneans Hermogeneans There are 3 in the Godhead but not 3 Persons  Sabellians 3 in Name only  Gnosticks Marcionitos Valentinians More Gods yet not 3 Persons  Syreni Tritheites Eunomeans 3 Gods or Spirits or Principles not distinguished only but divided also  Macedonians Franciscans 2 Gods Father and Son Old and New  Seleucians 1 Person  Armenians Anastasius Emp. Apollinarians A Quaternity  Servetus There is no distinction of Persons in God  Jews Turks Montanists Deny the Trinity so likewise the Muggletonians  Blandrat Alciat Christians in worshipping 3 Persons worship 3 Devils  Lord Herbert denied Jesus Christ to be a Person in the Godhead  Alogiani Samosateni 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 John
for it Rosse Tho the Jews in Barbary are not forbid the reading of the Bible yet the Vulgar upon pain of Excommunication must acquiesce in the sense of the Masters this was told as a Secret by R. Aaron ben Netas Dr. Addison The Pentateuch is divided into 52 Sections that so it may be read over in a year See more in Mr. Rosse Swearing by God is a sussicient cause of Excommunication with the Modern Jews Dr. Addison Christians Nazianzen severely chides his dear Friend Greg. Nyssen that rejecting the Holy Scripture the most excellent Writing in the World which he was wont to read both privately and publickly he had given himself to the study of forreign and profane Authors Dr. Cave Augustine Conf. l. 3. c. 5. l. 7. c. 21. complains that at his first reading of the Sacred Scriptures he despised them for the simplicity of their stile not comparable to the Eloquence of Tully but afterwards being unsatisfied with Tully and Plato greedily set upon S. Paul's Epistles and thereupon became inflamed with a Love of Divine Studies yet in the reading of Cicero he was not pleased because he could not find the name of Christ there Blesilla a devout Widow weak and sickly was never found without a Bible in her hand Hieron Olympia Fulvia Morata born at Ferrara in a Letter to the young Princess of that place she saith after getting out from the Idolatry of her own Countrey c. It may seem incredible to you what a change the Lord then made upon my Spirit that former aversion I had to read the Scripture was then turned to have it as my greatest delight and pleasure in the World c. Anonym Chrysostome having Preach'd many Sermons against Swearing at Antioch the people being weary ask'd him when he would leave Preaching To whom he Answered when you leave Swearing Would you have the Plaister taken away before the wound be Cured Ancient Heathens Pythagoras if he be the Author in his Golden Verses and Isocrates c. advise us to revere or be afraid of an Oath Mahometans Mahomet the great promising to his Soldiers the Spoil of Constantinople swore by the Turks great Oath By the Immortal God and by the 400 Probhets by Mahomet by his Father's Soul by his own Children and by the Sword wherewith he was girt Knolles Persians The Persians are mightily addicted to ill Language and Cursing but they never Blaspheme God for is they should hear one Swear or with themselves at the Devil they would cry out in astonishment is not that fellow a fool to give himself to the Devil and renounce Paradise All their Oaths are Ser-azire-sha by the King 's beloved Head or Erva Pigumbir by the Spirit of the Prophet I remember once at Galata walking with some of the French Embassadors Servants we saw two Turks at Cuffs In the end after 1000 curses on one side the other replied no more than this I wish thy Soul may have no more repose in Paradise than the Hat of a French-man hath in this world alluding to our putting them off so often M. Tavernier l. 5. c. 14. Armenians At Egmiasin the Arch-bishop took the Book wherein he had read the Gospel and gave it the Patriarch Bishops and all the people to kiss On the one side of the Cover of that Book are two Relicks Enchased which are cover'd with Crystal M. Tavernier l. 1. c. 3. Persians The Duke of Holstein's Embassador in his Persian Travels tells us Whilst I was viewing one of their Schools or Colleges one of the Regents who read publick Lectures perceiving that I had caused to be Engraven on a Cane which I had for a walking-staff in Arabick Bismi Alla rahman rachim i. e. In the Name of the Merciful God which shews Mercy he desired me to bestow it on him promising to give me a better but finding some difficulty he cut out the word Alla God and put it in a clean paper saying the name of God should not be on a staff thrust in the dirt Muscovites Tho in their quarrels they seldom break out into horrid Oaths and Imprecations yet upon Trivial occasions especially in their dealings they stick not to swear at every word and have incessantly in their mouths their Po Chrestum by Christ making the sign of the Cross at the same time Perjury is severely punish'd first cruelly whipt then banish'd D. of Holstein's Emb. Trav. Amonst the Tartars when a person is dangerously ill the Moullah comes with the Alcoran which he opens and shuts three times and lays it to his Face and upon recovery 't is attributed to the Alcoran M. Taver Mahometans The Mahometans never mention the Name of Christ but with high Reverence and Respect In naming the name of God they must bow and add Most high blessed mighty c. Of Mahomet they must add May God augment his Graces Of other Messengers God is satisfied with them Of Other Doctors May the mercy of God rest upon them The great Mogul himself would speak most respectfully of our Blessed Saviour Christ saith my Author If the Mahometans find a bit of Paper in the the way they take it up and put it in some place of a Wall because the Name of God is or may be written in it So that the holes of the walls are always to be seen stuck full of them for the same reason they use no Paper when they go to ease themselves Yet for all this Reverence they swear by the Name of God at every turn and speak not three words without an Vllah i. e. by God M. de Thevenot A sight it is no less strange than ridiculous to behold the Honour they do unto the Camel at his return unto Constantinople which carried their Alcoran amongst a Caravan of many thousand Pilgrims towards Mecha crowding about him as led through the streets some pulling off his Hairs and preserving them as Relicks some kissing others with his Sweat besmearing their Eyes and Faces and at last cutting him into little gobbets and giving thereof to eat to their Friends and Families Sandy's Trav. l. 2. Modern Heathens The Bramins forbear Swearing and Blasphemy Sir Th. Herb. The Japanese's hate Calumniators Swearers and Gamesters Mandelslo The Gaurs when they put any one to their Oaths Swear them before their Sacred Fire for which they have a very great Veneration M. Tavernier Reverence to God's Name Swearing c. Jews THE Jews permit not their Children to use the name of God till seven years old that they may retain a greater Veneration for that Holy and Reverend name and therefore the first Salutations of Children are plainly May you have a good day I wish you a good Sabbath c. Dr. Addison The Esseans account every word they speak of as much force as if they had bound it with an Oath and they shun Oaths worse than Perjury for they account him a Liar who needs to call God to Witness Joseph de Bell. Jud. l. 2.
172. Indian Christians The Indian Christians read two chapters at home one out of each Testament Sr. Th. Herbert Malabar In Malabar the King of Calecut eats no meat till it be first offered by his Preist to his Idol Ross Mahometans There are but few who go not every day to Prayers epecially those of Noon Quinday and Aksham for many perform the other two at home Nor doth travelling excuse them for when they know that it is the Hour of Prayer they stop in the Fields near to some water they draw water in a tinn'd Copper-pot which they carry always purposely about them then do the Abdest spread a Carpet on the Ground without which they never Travel and say their Prayers upon it M. de Thevenot They have Chaplets also which they often say for the most part have them in their hand whether at home or abroad c. Idem Persians There are some amongst them who pray with such Violence at their own Houses that they put themselves out of Breath and many times fall down in a Swoon One of my Neighbours at Schamachie was so earnest in his Devotion that having said his Prayer very loud and pronounced with all his might above fifty times the word Hakka God he at length could not pronounce it without a great deal of difficulty and at last his Voice quite fail'd him D. of Holstein 's Emb. Trav. p. 279. Benjans They never go out of their Houses till they have said their Prayers Mandelslo's Trav. into the Indies p. 57. Persees The Persees of Guzurat have no Mosques but make use of some Room in their Houses to do their Devotion in which they do sitting without any Inclination of their Bodies Mandelslo's Trav. p. 60. In Amboina they take in hand no business be it never so mean nay not so much as piercing of a Tree to draw Terry till they have done their Devotions to the Devil Idem Toleration of all Religions Jews AMong the Jews we find in our Saviour's time Pharisees and Sadduces and Herodians and Pagan Romans all exercising their own Religion the Synagogues open to People of different Opinions and liberty of Prophesying seems to be allowed for some time even to the Christians themselves vid. Acts 13.15 c. I need not speak of the Nazarites and Rechabites tolerated among them in ancient times who yet were distinguished from the common Israelite by peculiar Ceremonies and Usages The case of the Gibeonites was extraordinary their Liberty procured by Craft and turned into Servitude being made Hewers of Wood and Drawers of Water for the Congregation and for the Altar of the Lord. Christians The Muscovites give a Free Toleration to all Religions and live very quietly with the Lutherans and those of the Reformed Religion but they have so great an Aversion to the Roman Catholicks that they would never grant them liberty in Muscovy In the first War of Smolensko they would not entertain Catholick Soldiers A. C. 1627. The late King of France proposed a Treaty for Commerce between the French and Muscovite and for a Church where Mass might be said but it was denied nay in the Treaty they made with us for our passage into Persia it is an express Article That we should not take any Roman Catholicks into our Retinue D. of H. Ambass Trav. p. 108. They suffer all Nations to live amongst them as Calvinists Lutherans Armenians Tartars Turks and Persians excepting none but Jews and Roman-Catholicks Idem The King of Poland several Papists Ecclesiastical Soveraigns in Germany the Venecians in their Grecian Islands all give liberty of Conscience In Rome it self the Pope tolerates several Popish Churches differing in Ceremonies from one another and all abundantly from that called the Roman Church yet agreeing in doctrine having publick liberty without exceptions In Germany the Lutheran Churches scarce in any Two Cities have the same Ceremonies Nurimburg and Leipsig having almost as many as the Papists and yet they differ in them Hamburg hath fewer And Strasburg none at all Their differing in Circumstantials makes no breach of Charity At the same Communion some receive sitting some standing The Three Religions are tolerated at Frankfort Dr. Burnet The Three Religions have their exercises successively the same day in the Church of the Concord at Manheim the Calvinists first the Lutherans next and the Papists last Idem in his letters Dr. Edw. Brown in his Travels In two Cantons Appeuzel and Glaris both Religions are Tolerated and are capable of equal Priviledges and in some Bailiages belonging to Bern and Friburg both Religions are so equally Tolerated that in the same Church they have both Mass and Sermon On one Sunday Mass begins and Sermon follows the next Sunday Sermon begins and Mass follows c. Dr. Burnet 's Letters Mahometans The Mogul Tolerates all Religions and speaks well of all So doth the great Turkish Emperor Among Mahometans Liberty of Conscience is allowed agreeable to an Azoara in the Alcoran which declares that none are to be disswaded from the Religion they Suckt from their Cradle Sir Th. Herbert In Negapatan likewise any Religion is Tolerable and Virgil's Omnigenûmque Deûm Monstra seem to be Translated hither Idem In Goa are Christians Jews Mahometans and Heathens Rosse In the Philippin Islands are Christians Mahometans and Pagans Idem In Sumatra and Zeilan are Moors Christians and Pagans Idem In Egypt Christians have their Churches Jews their Synagogues and Mahometans their Mosques of which last there be four sorts differing in their Laws Liturgies and Ceremonies Idem The Coast of Coromandel is furnished with Various Religions Christian Mahometan and Idolatry of the first there are two sorts those of S. Thomas that are of the Greek Church and the Europian Christians The Last Words of Dying Men c. Christians LVther ended his Life with these words Lord I render up my Spirit into thy Hands and come unto thee And again Lord into thy Hands I commend my Spirit thou O God of Truth hast redeemed me being asked by Dr. Jones if he died in the constant Confession of that Doctrin which he had preach'd he answered Yea which was his last word Olympia Fulvia Morata to her Husband Tota sum laeta I am all joyful but now I know you no more Anonym once a little before her Death awaking out of Sleep with a chearful Countenance she said I have now got a sight in my Rest of a most excellent and pleasant place shining with an unexpressible Light and Brightness But thro' weakness could say no more D. Melch. Adam Mr. Carter ended his Life with this Doxology The Lord be thanked Clark's Lives Erasmus breathed out his Soul in these Ejaculations Mercy sweet Jesus Lord loose these bands how long Lord Jesus how long Jesus Fountain of Mercy have mercy upon me c. Fuller's Lives Leo Jude who died at Tigure 1542. concluded thus Huic Jesu Christo c. i. e. To this my Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ my Hope and