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A42965 Moses and Aaron civil and ecclesiastical rites, used by the ancient Hebrews : observed, and at large opened, for the clearing of many obscure texts thorowout [sic] the whole Scripture, which texts are now added at the end of the book : wherein likewise is shewed what customs the Hebrews borrowed from heathen people, and that many heathenish customs, originally, have been unwarrantable imitation of the Hebrews / by Thomas Godwyn ... Godwin, Thomas, 1586 or 7-1642. 1685 (1685) Wing G984A; ESTC R40480 198,206 288

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Child on this day the Neighbours also sent it gifts or small tokens Munera natalitia from which custom that amongst Christians of the Godfathers sending gifts to the baptized Infant is thought to have flown But to return again to the Rites of the Jews After the Child had been circumcised the Father said Blessed be our Lord God who hath sanctified us with his precepts and hath commanded us that we should cause this Child to enter into the Covenant of Abraham After this the whole Church or company presently replyed in this manner As thou hast made him to enter into the Covenant so make him also to enter into the Law into Matrimony and into good works The penalty for the omission of Circumcision runneth in this form That soul shall be cut off from his people Gen. 17. 14. I understand the penalty to be pronounced against such an omssion which proceeded either from contempt or wilful neglect In this case the question is what is meant by this phrase His soul shall be cut off from the people Secondly who ought thus to be punisht whether the child or the parents and such who supply the place of parents For the first besides Gods secret action in punishing such Delinquents methinks there is a rule of direction for the Church how to proceed against such in her Discipline If any understand here by cutting off such a mans soul from his people the sentence of excommunication or casting him out of the Synagogue I shall not oppose it though I rather incline to those who understand hereby a bodily death inflicted upon such an offender in which sense the phrase is taken Exod. 31. 14. Whosoever doth any work on the Sabbath that soul shall be cut off from among his people And it is very remarkable that when Moses his child was uncircumcised the Lord sought to kill Moses which as it intimateth the punishment of this fault to be a bodily death so it clearly evinceth that not the child till he cometh to years of discretion but the parents were liable to the punishment The opinion of the Rabbines concerning this latter point is thus delivered If the Father circumcise him not then the Judges are commanded to circumcise him and if it be unknown to the Judges and they circumcise him not when he is waxen great he is bound to circumcise himself and every day that passeth over him after he is waxen great and he circumciseth not himself lo he breaketh the Commandment Here it may be demanded how it is possible for a man after once he hath been marked with the sign of Circumcision to blot out that character and become uncircumcised for thus some Jews for fear of Antiochus made themselves uncircumcised 1 Mac. 1. 16. Others for shame after they were gained to the knowledge of Christ and to the entertainment of the Christian saith uncircumcised themselves 1 Cor. 7. 18. The answer is that this was done by drawing up the foreskin with a Chyrurgion his instrument and unto this the Apostle in the fore-quoted place alludeth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ne attrahat praeputium This wicked invention is ascribed unto Esau as the first Author and practicer thereof CHAP. II. Of their first-fruits and their Firstlings or First-Born THe use and end of their first-fruits was that the after-fruits might be consecrated in them To this purpose they were enjoyned to offer the first-fruits of their trees which served for food Levit. 19. 23 24. In which this order was observed the three first years after the tree had been planted the fruits were counted uncircumcised and unclean it was unlawful to eat them sell them or make any benefit of them on the fourth year they were accounted holy that is either latter is the common opinion of the Hebrews After the fourth year they returned to the use of the owner we may call these 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 simply the first-fruits Secondly they were enjoyned to pay yearly the first fruits of every years encrease and these we may call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of them there were many sorts First first fruits in the sheaf Lev. 23. 10. Secondly first-fruits in two wave-loaves Levit. 23. 17. These two bounded their harvest that in the sheaf was offered in the beginning of harvest upon the fifteenth of Nisan the other of the loaves at the end upon their Pentecost and Levit. 23. they are both called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Thenuphoth that is shake-offerings Thirdly there was a first of the dough Num. 15. 20. namely a c four and twentieth part thereef given unto the Priests which kind of offering was observed even when they were returned out of Babylon Nehem. 10. 37. Unto this St. Paul hath reference Rom. 11. 16. If the first fruits be holy the lump is also holy Fourthly they were to pay unto the Priests the first-fruits of the threshing-floor Numb 15. 20. These two last are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Therumoth that is heave offerings this the heave-offering of the threshing floor the other the heave-offerings of the dough Numb 15. 20. Under the name of first-fruits commonly Authors treat of no other but this last and wholly omit all the former sorts Before we proceed to the explaining of the last note with me the difference of these two words Thenuphoth and Therumoth both signifie shake-offerings heave-offerings or wave-offerings but with this difference the Therumoth was by a waving of elevation lifting the oblation upward and downward to signifie that God was Lord both of Heaven and Earth The Thenuphoth was by a waving of agitation waving it to and fro from the right hand to the left from the East to the West from the North to the South by which kind of agitation they acknowledged God to be Lord of the whole world Now that we may know what these first-fruits of the threshing floor were the Rabbies and others following them distinguish them into two sorts the first of these was first-fruits of seven things only 1 Wheat 2 Barly 3 Grapes 4 Figs 5 Pomegranates 6 Olives 7 Dates For all which the Promised Land is commended Deut. 8. 8. These the Talmudists term 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Biccurim and when they treat of first-fruits they treat of them under this name and understand by the name of Biccurim no other These they say are the first-fruits which the people are so often in the Law commanded to bring up unto the Sanctuary at the Feast of Pentecost which was the end and closure of their harvest as was signified both by this oblation and likewise by that of the two wave loaves Lev. 23. 17. The second was paid of Corn Wine Oyl and the Fleece Deut. 18. 4. Numb 18. 12. yea of all things else that the earth brought forth for mans food Thus their Doctors are to be understood where they say Quicquid eduliorum ex terra incrementum capit obnoxium est primitiis Therumae