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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A27207 Considerations on a book, entituled The theory of the earth, publisht some years since by the Dr. Burnet Beaumont, John, d. 1731. 1693 (1693) Wing B1620; ESTC R170484 132,774 195

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could have made it change from a direct to an oblique or inclin'd Posture through a fancy'd loss of its equal Poise and this whether the frame of the Earth be suppos'd as vulgarly to consist by an Equilibration of parts to the Center of Gravity or according to the soundest Philosophy by a Magnetick Vigour strongly binding its parts together For suppose his Orb of Earth a Mile or two thick as he says it was in his Book of the Conflagration this can be no more to the whole Globe of the Earth than the thickness of a sheet or two of Paper is to a Globe of three foot Dameter as I have set forth in my first Book Now suppose a Globe of three foot Diameter suspended as the Earth is by Libration or Magnetism what conceivable alteration in as much on the surface of it as comes to about the thickness of a sheet or two of Paper could cause any Change in its Libration Or what alteration in such a proportion of a Magnetick Terrella three foot Diameter could make it decline from its wonted Points of bearing When the Author pleases to explain these things to me I may think more of it mean while I must conclude the bare Proproposal of this matter to be a plain Refutation of his Hypothesis Nay Let him suppose his Orb of Earth ten Miles thick if he pleases or more I desire him to shew us some possible way how upon its disruption such a proportion of either Hemisphere should be brought on the other as to be able to make it change the Position it had before Besides if any such disruption of an Orb of Earth as the Author supposes caus'd the Earth to change its Posture it must have inclin'd to the North and not to the South as he says it did because from what appears to us on the Globe of the Earth it 's manifest that we have much more Earth in the Northern Hemisphere than there is in South and consequently its inclination must have been this way But because the Author lays a great force on this Site of the first Earth to the Sun insisting on it as the most fundamental of the three Differences in the first Earth from the present and establishing it as the Ground for making out the three great Characters Properties or Phaenomena of the Golden Age of the Ancients and of Paradise I shall be a little mone full in this Point and set down a few Reasons against this Doctrine leaving it to Philosophical Heads to consider how far it can bear Neither has it been unconsider'd by many learned Men already what the Consequences must be if the Sun should constantly hold this Equinox Root or the Earth had always a right Posture to the Sun which makes me somewhat the more admire how this Doctrine should now be offer'd at We read of a King of Arragon who was wont to say that if he had been with th' Almighty when he made the World he would have given him Councels as to Heats Colds and other Particulars as to the frame of it that it should have been in a better state than it now is and this may pass among the extravagant Fancies of an inconsiderate Man But when we come Philosophically to assert a thing it would require a more than ordinary Consideration before we go about to unhinge a Frame of Providence as thinking to put it in a better state than an Infinite Wisdom has done And so distinct is the Relation and so artificial the Habitude of this inferiour Globe to the Superiour and ev'n of one thing in each unto the other that the more we consider them the more we may admire them and I think the more despair of ever contriving them in a better or more advantageous Site than they are in And tho all the advantages of the Suns present Course or of the Earths Situation to it may not be known by Man yet I believe whoever shall go about to alter it let him frame his Hypothesis as finely as he please he shall never be able to involve humane Reason so far but it may ever be made appear to him from what is known that he has been guilty of no less a mistake than that of Phaëton in not carrying an ev'n hand as to Heats Colds Light and Darkness c. and that it cannot consist with the general benefit of the Earth And hence Theodoret in his first Sermon concerning Providence sharply taxes those who would be finding fault with the Seasons Sed exurget fortasse ingratus quispiam qui ea quoque quae bene pulchre facta sunt simulque sapienter commodè administrantur reprehendere vel culpare volens dicat Cur sodes istae anni conversiones fiunt quaenam ex hisce anni partium successionibus ad nos utilitas redit c. And tho according to the scantling of our Reason we might fansie some posture of the Heav'ns more commodious to the Earth than the present yet thence presently to conclude that such a thing must really have been we having no solid historical Ground for it I cannot see but it renders us liable to that reprehension of Austin Tam stulti sunt homines ut apud artificem hominem non audeant vituperare quae ignorant sed cum ea viderint credunt esse necessaria ut propter usus aliquos instituta in hoc autem mundo cujus conditor administrator praedicatur Deus audent multa reprehendere quorum causas non vident in operibus atque instrumentis omnipotentis artificis volunt se videri scire quod nesciunt l. 1. de Gen. contra Manich. c. 16. But to proceed in Reasoning First then The Author making the Sun in the Antediluvian times to hold constantly the Equinox Root or giving the Earth a right Posture to it burns the middle Zone making it wholly uninhabitable and unpassible as he owns himself so that in the Antediluvian Earth there was no possible Communication betwixt the Men or other Animals inhabiting the two Temperate Zones which is followed with these Absurdities especally with the Author who seems very thrifty of Miracles that first when God turn'd Adam out of Paradise which he supposes to have been in the South Temperate Zone and the Torrid Zone to be the Flaming Sword he must have wrought a Miracle to have thence convey'd him and Eve into this Temperate Zone Secondly after Adam had got Children here the Author owning the other Temperate Zone to have been inhabited before the Flood God must have wrought another Miracle to have convey'd some of Adam's Children thither to people it Thirdly at the time of the Deluge he must have wrought a third Miracle to have brought of every Species of Animals in the other Temperate Zone into this to have been receiv'd into the Ark unless the Author will say that the Earth here produc'd all the same Species of Animals that were in the other Zone which a Philosopher
the Change of the Poles otherwise than their private Opinion and the Reasons they assign for it are so frivolous that Vallesius aptly calls them Ineptiae Infantilis illius Philosophiae and shews the erroneous Ground they went upon But because the Author does not insist upon the validity of their Reasons I shall not examine them here but refer the Reader to Vallesius The Author adds some other Witnesses for this Change of the Posture of the Earth and Heavens viz. Plato the Poets some Christian Fathers and Jewish Doctors who all justifie that in the first Ages there was a constant Spring so that the Heavens and Earth must have chang'd their Posture since But I conceive I have sufficiently answer'd all this in my precedent and and some other Chapters and hope the Author will not go about to put upon us Allegorical Fictions for Historical Truths Another thing the Author endeavours to give an account of in this Chapter is how America came to be peopled which he thinks is easily answered according to his Hypothesis viz. that the Antediluvian Earth being smooth Men could freely pass before the Flood to all parts of this Continent and if they could not then pass into the other Hemisphere beyond the Torrid Zone he says Providence seems to have made provision for that in transplanting Adam into this Hemisphere after he had lain the foundation of a World in the other and concludes that God foreseeing how many Continents the Earth would be divided into after the ceasing of the Flood made provision to save a remnant in every Continent that the Race of Mankind might not be quite extinct in any of them As to this Assertion I shall leave it to the judgment of Divines how far we must be determin'd by the Text of Moses as to a destruction of all Mankind saving Noah and his Family in the Deluge there describ'd and shall only offer what follows from common Reason First It will concern the Author to consider how his Assertion here can consist with what he has set forth concerning the universality of the Deluge in the second Chapter of his first Book where he reasons against those who have endeavoured to represent Noah's Flood as a partial Deluge affecting only a particular Countrey and urges thus I cannot but look upon the Deluge as a much more considerable thing than these Authors would represent it and as a kind of Dissolution of Nature Moses calls it a destroying of the Earth as well as of Mankind And beneath he says St. Peter compares the Conflagration with the Deluge as two general dissolutions of Nature and one may as well say that the Conflagration shall be only National as to say that the Deluge was so And again we see that after the Flood the Blessing for Multiplication and for replenishing the Earth with Inhabitants was as solemnly pronounc'd by God Almighty as at the first Creation of Man Gen. 9.1 and Gen. 1.28 These Considerations he says he thinks might be sufficient to give us assurance from divine Writ of the universality of the Deluge and yet that Moses affords anonother Argument as demonstrative as any when in the History of the Deluge he says Gen. 7.19 The VVaters exceedingly prevailed upon the Earth and all the highest Hills that were under the whole Heavens were cover'd all the high Hills that were under the whole Heavens then quite round the Earth And in his Latine Copy he says Moses's History adds particularly the thing being as it were measur'd and accurately examin'd that the Waters overflowed the highest Mountains fifteen Cubits which Mark he judges to be added not without Providence that we might thence gather by a Testimony not to be gainsaid that the Deluge did not keep itself within the limits of any one Region whatsoever And much more the Author urges both in his English and Latin Copies to the same purpose and how all this can consist with a preservation of some Remnant of Men in every Continent at the time of the Deluge I must leave it to him to consider Secondly According to the Authors own Hypothesis when he says that the Passages North and South being not free Men could not go out of one Hemisphere into the other but Providence seems to have made a Provision for that in transporting Adam into this Hemisphere after he had lain a foundation for a World in the other I hope he does not mean by this that Adam left any Children in the other Hemisphere to people it and be a foundation of a World there It being a common Opinion that Adam and Eve were but a few hours in Paradise before they were expulst and that expulsion being suppos'd by the Author to be into this Hemisphere there were no People to remain in the other Wherefore as I have intimated before if the Author's Hypothesis must stand it must be with these Absurdities First that upon the expulsion of Adam and Eve out of Paradise God must have miraculously convey'd them through the Torrid Zone which the Author supposes as impassable as a burning Furnace into this Hemisphere Secondly After Adam had Children God must have wrought another Miracle to have convey'd some of them into the other Hemisphere to People it and it would have been a Curiosity to know which of Adam's Children were convey'd thither Cain we find must have been one because he is said Gen. 4.16 to have dwelt on the East of Eden which could not be in this Hemisphere if Paradise were in the other and it 's much that living so near Paradise and being past the flaming Sword he should not get into it as well as all descended from him to the Flood though his Crime could hardly deserve that Paradisiacal Continent for his Habitation Thirdly God must have wrought a third Miracle to have brought all Animals there of differing Species from those in this Hemisphere to the Ark at the time of the Deluge unless another Ark were built in the other Hemisphere Whereas the Author says in his first Book that Noah's Ark was the the first Ship or Vessel of bulk that ever was built in the World And I would ask whether the Author thinks that a Man may not give a rational account of the peopling of America without being clog'd with so many Absurdities I think it very easie and natural to imagine supposing the first Plantation in this Hemisphere and the VVorld always as it is how without any Miracle some small Vessels with People in them might have been driven by some Storm on the Continent of America from the more Easterly Coasts of the VVorld such small Vessels being a thing of common Notion so that I think we may reasonably conclude them to have been almost as ancient as Mankind Moreover we know that many Jewish Customs were found among the Americans on their first discovery and Ralegh tells us that in Mexico when first discover'd there were found written Books after the manner of