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A16659 The English gentlevvoman, drawne out to the full body expressing, what habilliments doe best attire her, what ornaments doe best adorne her, what complements doe best accomplish her. By Richard Brathvvait Esq. Brathwaite, Richard, 1588?-1673.; Marshall, William, fl. 1617-1650, engraver. 1631 (1631) STC 3565; ESTC S122488 147,901 276

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Gentlewomen whose generous birth should bee adorned with v●rtuous worth and so make you mouing Obiects of imitation both in life and death Are you nobly descended Ennoble that descent with true desert Doe not thinke that the priuilege of greatnesse can bee any subterfuge to guiltinesse Your more ascending honour requires more than a Common lustre In places of publike resort you challenge precedency and it is granted you Shall the highest place haue the least inward grace No let not a word fall from you that may vnbeseeme you Others are silent when you discourse let it be worth their attention lest a presumption of your owne worth draw you into some friuolous excursion There is not an accent which you vtter a sentence you deliuer any motion in your carriage or gesture which others eye not and eying assume not Your Retinue is great your family gracious your actions should be the life of the one and line of direction to the other To see a light Lady descending from a noble Family is a Spectacle of more spreading infamy than any subiect of inferiour quality I cannot approue of this Apish kinde of formality which many of our better sort vse it detracts from their descent to make affectation their Tutresse They were free-borne nothing then that is seruile can become them It is nothing to retaine the fauour or feature of your Ancestors and to estrange you from that which truly dignifi'd your Ancestors Vertues haue more liuing Colours and are seconded with more lasting honours than any outward beauties You deceiue your selues if you thinke that honour receiued her first life from descent no It was demerit that made descent capable of honour A Pedigree argues your Gentility but had not some deseruing action beene you had neuer attained to any noble Pedigree For Gentility is not to be measured by antiquity of time but precedency in worth If brackish or troubled water seldome come from a pure Spring wild and vnsauory fruit from a good tree whence is it that noble Predecessors whose pure blood was neuer corrupted with any odious staine should bring forth such degenerating scienes Surely this generally proceeds from the too much liberty that is granted to our youth whose inclinations though otherwise good and equally disposed are vsually by Custome which becomes a Second nature miserably depraued Society they affect and this infects them repaire to publike places they admit and this corrupts them Those eminent examples which their Noble Progenitors left them become buried with them They comply with the time Vertue they say can hardly subsist where Vice is in highest request What though Plato aduise them to make choyce of the best way of liuing which may be easily effected by assiduate vse and daily custome they haue learned to inuert his rule by affecting that custome most which tends to the practice of vertue least Besides there is another reason which may be probably alleaged why generous descents become so much corrupted and vertuous Parents by vitious Children so frequently seconded Our Nobler women though in other respects truly imitable and for their vertuous Conuersation admirable come short in one peculiar duty which euen Nature exacts of them and which being duely perform'd would doubtlesly no lesse enable and ennoble them who are descended from them than any particular were it neuer so powerfull that could informe them These which are mothers by generation are seldome their Nurcing-mothers by education No maruell then if they degenerate when they partake of the natures of other women Though their owne mothers blood streame through their veines a strangers milke must feed them which makes them participate of their nature as they are fed with their substance Wheresoeuer the Nurses milke is receiued the Nurses manners are likewise retained Whence it was that Chrysippus expresly commanded that the very best and wisest Nurses should be made choice of that what good blood had infused might not by ill milke be infected It was the ioynt aduice both of Plutarch and Pha●orine that a mother should bee her childrens Nurse because commonly with the milke of the Nurse they sucke the quality or condition of her life Yea according to ancient Decree women were bound to nurse their owne children and not to ha●e any other women vnlesse necessity enforc'd them to nurse them Let this then bee rectifi'd yee whose Noble descents haue made you eminent in the eye of the world and whom Gods blessing hath made fruitfull Mothers to bring forth a faire and hopefull increase vnto the world nurse them with your owne milke this will expresse in you a motherly care● to them beget in them a greater measure of child-like loue to you Your care the more it is parentall will exact of them a loue more faithfull and filiall Nurse them I say with the milke of your owne brests to feed them with the milke of your owne liues to informe them So shall their actions proue them to bee your Successours when they shall not onely deriue their blood from you but on this Theatre of humane frailty shall publish themselues to be true representers of you For in vaine is your blood to them deriued if your memory by their vertues be not reuiued Giue them then that which may make them yours Goodnesse may bee blamed but her succeeding memory can neuer be blanch●d Thus shall you not onely shew your selues worthy of that house from whence you came but after your period on earth bee receiu'd into a more glorious house in time to come IT is not the Nobility of descent but of vertues that makes any one a gracefull and acceptable Seruitour in the Court of heauen Houses are distinguished by Coats and C●●sts but these are dignifi'd by something ●●se In Heraldry those are euer held to be the best Coats that are deblazon●● with least charge Vertue the best Coat Consequently then must vertue needs be the best Coat Shee requires the least charge in her attire shee is not sumptuous in her fare delicious nor in her retinue the more is the pitty numerous She confines her desires vpon earth within a strait Circumference a very small portion of that mettall will content her She sees none so great in the Court as may deserue her enuy none so rich in the City as may beget in her an earthly desire none so repos'd in the Countrey as to induce her to change her state Shee is infinitely happy in that shee aymes at no other happinesse than where it is to bee found Ambition may display her Pie-colour'd flagge but shee will neuer get vertue to be her follower Her desires are pitcht vpon a farre more transcendent honour than these State-corriuals on earth can ere afford her or by their competition take from her Pleasure may cast out her Lure but vertue is so high a flyer as shee scornes to stoupe to ought vnworthy of her it pleaseth her to contemplate that on earth which she is to enioy in heauen
can walke safely that walkes not religiously ibid. A reflection upon the constancy and resolution of Heathens re●●mmended to the imitation of Christian women pag. 120. Vertue cannot exercise her owne strength nor expresse her owne worth without an Opposite pag. 121. An instance in a noble Lady ibid. A direction in the cloze pag. 122. How Estimation may be irreparably lost ibid. The * Ili●es hederae agiles horae con●●ciunt Ivie while it is winding decayes the plant with which it is wreathing ibid. An instance of a Citie-Virago pag. 123. An use of this instance pag. 124. The absolute end whereunto Estimation aspires and wherein it cheerefully rests Pag. 125. This confirmed by sundry examples and one most remarkeable of our owne Pag. 125 126. 127. An application to these Ladies of our owne pag. 127. 128. FANCY Observat. 6. FAncy is to be with deliberation grounded pag. 129. The Eye is Fancies harbinger but the heart is her harbour ibid. Directions for setling and disposing our affection pag. 130. Loves purity is to be discussed before it be entertained pag. 131. Not the rinde but the minde is Discretions Adamant Pag. 132. The misery of jealousie deblazoned and exemplified ibid. Singular resolves for a Coniugall State Pag. 133 134. Fancy is to be with constancy retained Page 135. Two memorable Mottoes recommmended ibid. The waywardnesse of some women iustly reproved and how that humour may be rectified pag. 136. The admirable puritie and efficacie of Love pag. 137. Memorable examples of Coniugall Constancy and Continency ibid. An exhortation tending to the imitation of such famous Presidents ibid. Wanton Fancy is a wandring Frenzy pag. 138. Wanton Love seldome or never promiseth good successe ibid. The incendiaries or foments of this inordinate passion to ●●xe particulars reduced all which are in one distich included pag. 139 The Odious and inhumane effects in all ages derived from the violence of this Wanton fancie or Wandring frenzie Pag. 140. 141. Soveraigne receipts to cure this desperate maladie ibid. What kind of affection deserves a Gentlewomans election pag. 142. How Fancy may be checked if too wilde confirmed by a Philosophicall demonstration or Physicall experiments ibid. A pleasant and pithy expostulation with fancy ibid. A disswasion from too much credulity to the light protests of deceiving fancy confirmed by a moderne example Pag. 143. A Gentlewoman may with more safety suspect than too rashly affect ibid. A discreet resolution upon tearmes of affection seconded with the promise of an assured blessing pag. 144. The secret impression and passionate expression of an unfortunate Lady in the relation of her misery pag. 144. 145. It is not so hard to give comfortable counsell to the sorrowfull as to finde a fit season when to give it ibid. Consideration a necessarie guide to affection ibid. Repentance comes too late at Marriage●night How Fancy may be cheered if too cold pag. 146. The incomparable honour of a Virgin-condition ibid. The hate of Incest with brute Beasts pag. 147. The Bird of Love the Embleme of a Lovers heart pag. 149. Moneyes are inferiour pictures to true Lovers ibid. The absolute end of a co●i●gall State pag. 150 An attemperament of both th●se indisposed Fancies before mentioned ibid. The difference betwixt a wise and wilde Love consists in this the one ever deliberates before it love the other loves before it deliberate Pag. 151. Necessarie Cautions for all kind-hearted Gentlewomen pag. 152. The like for all coy or coole-affected Gentlewomen pag. 153. A sweet attemperament of both these humours with an apt Emblem explained and properly applyed to such as are with either of these humours distempered pag. 154. 155. GENTILITY Observat. 7. GEntility is derived from our Ancestors to us but soone blanched if not revived by us pag. 157. A perswasion to the imitation of our Ancestors vertues pag. 158. There was nothing mortall about them but their bodies and those were too fraile Cabonets for such rich eminences to lodge in whereas there is nothing but frailties about ours for loose and licentious love to lie in ibid. Those Odours deserve highest honours that beautifie us living and preserve our memory dying ibid. To see a light Lady descending from a noble Family is a Spectacle of more spreading infamy than any Subiect of inferiour quality pag. 159. Gentility is not to be measured by antiquity of time but precedency in worth pag. 160. The reason why generous descents become so much corrupted and vertuous Parents by vitious Children so frequently disparaged ibid. 161 Mothers the naturallest Nurses confirmed by precept custome and example pag. ibid. * Supra pag. 108. 109. An effectuall perswasion to that duty ibid. pag. 162. Vertue the best Coat pag. ibid. Heraldry proves vertues Coat to bee the best because deblazoned with least charge ibid. Vertue is no admiring lover of ought that is below her pag. 162. 163. The misery of this age in sumptuousnesse of attire pag. ibid The honour of Humility pag. 174. A glorious reproovall of modest Matrons pag. 175. Sinnes prevention is to prevent the Occasion Pag. 176. Gentlewomen are to reflect more on their inward worth than on their outward weare Pag. 176. It will not redound much to a Gentlewomans honour to have observed the fashions of the time but with a discreet Contempt or civill neglect of fashion to have redeemed her time pag. 177. Living actions of true Gentility happy Precursors to the State of Glory ibid. There are native seeds of goodnesse sowne in generous bloods by lineall succession variously instanced pag. ibid. 178. 179. Those who are with the choycest vertues endowed become oft times most traduced ibid. 180. There is no one vertue which makes a Gentlewoman more gracious in the eye of her beholder than Modesty the greatest advancer of many ancient family ibid. To be high borne and basely minded is to ingraft bastard slippes in a Noble stocke ibid. High and Heroicke vertues become great Houses confirmed by the resolution of a noble Lady in reiecting the powerfull solicitancy of a Sensuall Suiter ibid. and 181. Emulation of goodnesse in great Persons is honourable ibid. How these native seeds of goodnesse may bee ripened by instruction pag. 182. No Tutresses fitter to perfect this excellent worke in Gentlewomen than those who were the secundarie instruments of their beeing strengthened by example and reason pag. 183. A select Choice and recommendation of sundry bookes of instruction to the perusall of our English Gentlewoman ibid. A briefe enumeration serious discussion and iudicious election of sundry ancient Fathers with other morall Authors pag. 184. English translations the lights of Ladies but Dampes of Schollers pag. 187. Private Nurseries houshold Academies ibid. The first instruction takes the deepest Impression with an usefull application to every condition pag. 188. Necessarie directions highly conducing to the good report and repute of Maides and Matrons ibid. The most precious things have ever the most pernitious Keepers Nothing more precious than a Virgins
blemish to their beauty Their names are by aged Annals memorized and shall by these of ours be reuiued Such were Cornelia the mother of Gracchu● and Vetruria of Coriolanu● who became examples of goodnesse and chastity Educating their children which they had brought vp from their own brests with the milke of morality The like did Portia the wife of Brutus Cle●bula the daughter of Cleobulus one of the seuen Sages of Greece Sulpitia the wife of Calenus who not onely instructed her children which she had tenderly nursed with excellent precepts while shee liued but left sundry memorable instructions as Legacies or Mothers blessings to them when she dyed Hortensia the excellent daughter of a most eloquent Orator deserued no lesse fame for her motherly care in nursing and breeding her ability in copious and serious discoursing her grauity in composing and digesting such golden sentences as shee afterwards recommended to the perusall of her suruiuing Children Ed●sia borne at Alexandria farre excelled others in profunditie of learning and piety of liuing shee was admired by such as liued in her time performing the office of a Nurse in her childrens infancy of a Guardian in their minority of a Sage Counsellour in their maturity Paulina the wife of Seneca as shee was excellently seasoned with the precepts of her husband so shee surceas'd not from commending them to the practice of those children shee had by her husband Whence it was that Sen●ca bemoaned the ignorance of his mother for that shee had not so exactly obserued the precepts of his Father What shall I speak of Thean● the daughter of Metapontus Phemone who was first that euer composed heröicke verse Cori●nathia who exceeded the Poet Pindarus in her curious and artfull measures and contending fiue seuerall times with him for the Garland Argenta●ia Polli● the wife of Lucan whom shee is reported to haue assisted in those his high and heroicke composures Zenobia the Queene of Palmira who learned both the Greeke and Latine tongue and compiled an excellent History approuing her selfe no lesse a constant wife to her husband then a nursing Mother to her children Theodosia yonger daughter of the vertuous and victorious Theodosius no lesse renowned for her learning and other exquisite endowments of minde than by being inaugurated with an imperiall title to which she was afterwards aduanced The Centons of Homer she composed and into one volume reduced which to her suruiuing glory were after published Diodorus Logicus his fiue daughters all which excelled in learning and chastity and left memorials of their motherly care to their posterity These were tender Nurses carefull Mothers reuerend Matrons Or to giue them that title which antiquity hath bestowed on them they were in so darke and cloudy a time patternes of piety presidents of purity champions of chastity mirrours of modesty iewels of integrity Women to vse Plutarchs words so deuoted to contemplating as they conceiued no delight in dancing yet could not contemplation estrange them from performing such proper offices as did concerne them They knew what it was to obey that it was not fit for an inferiour member to command the head nor for them to soueraignize ouer their husbands What had sometimes beene taught them by their Mothers they now carefully recommend to the serious reuiew of their Daughters Wiues with obedience husbands should subdue Sen. in Octau For by this meanes they 'le be subdu'd to you Thus learned they the duty of a wife before they aspired to that title conforme your selues to their examples the cloud which kept them from a full view of their condition is in respect of you dispersed your eyes are cleared not with any Pagan errour filmed Be then in this your Christian coniugall Pilgrimage so conformed that as with increase of dayes so with appro●ement of deserts you may be firmed Againe are you widowes you deserue much ho●●ur if you be so indeed This name both from the Greeke and Latine hath receiued one consonant Etimology depriued or destitute Great difference then is there betwixt those widowes who liue alone and retire themselues from publike concourse and those which frequent the company of men For a widow to loue society albeit her intentions relish nothing but sobriety giues speedy wings to spreading infamy Saint Hierom writing to E●stachia giues her this counsell If thou shalt finde any question in Scripture harder then thou canst well resolue demand satisfaction from such an one who is of a most approued life ripe age that by the integrity of his person thou maist be secured from the least aspersion for in popular concourse and Court-re●orts there is no pace for widowes for in such meetings she exposeth her honour to danger which aboue all others she ought incomparably to tender Yea but will you obiect admit our inheritance family fortunes and all lye a bleeding may we not make recourse to publike Courts for redresse of our publike wrongs What of all this Doe not complaine that you are desolate or alone Modesty affecteth silence and secrecy a chaste woman solitarinesse and priuacy If you haue businesse with the Iudge of any Court and you much feare the power of your aduersary imploy all your care to this end that your faith may be grounded in those promises of Christ Your Lord maketh intercession for you rendring right iudgement to the Orphane and righteousnesse vnto the widow This inestimable inheritance of Chastity is incomparably more to be esteemed and with greater care preserued by Widowes then Wiues albeit by these neither to be neglected but highly valued Out of that ancient experience which time hath taught them their owne obseruations inform'd them and the reuerence of their condition put vpon them they are to instruct others in the practice of piety reclaime others from the pathes of folly and with a vertuous conuoy guide them to glory It would lesse become them to tricke and trimme themselues gaudily or gorgeously then yong girles whose beauty and outward ornament is the hope and anchor-hold of their preferment for by these doe the husbands seeke and hope in time to get what they seeke Whereas it were much more commendable for widowes neither to seeke them nor being offred to accept them le● enforced by necessity or wonne by importunacy or giuing way to their frailty they make exchange of their happy estate for a continuate scene of misery A widow ought to pray feruently to exercise workes of deuotion frequently that the benefit of her prayer redound to her effectually and fruitfully and not returne backe from the throne of God drily or emptily For I would according to Menanders opinion haue a widow not onely to demeane her selfe chastely and honestly but likewise to giue examples of her b●amelesse life to such as heare her instructions attentiuely For she ought to be as a Glasse to young Maids wherein they may discerne their crimes Now I hold her a chaste Widow who though she haue opportunity to doe it and be suited by importunity