Seldeni Analect Anglobâ—it l. 2. c. 6. Vide Malmesb. de gestâ—â— Reg. Aug. l. 2. c. 10. Hunting hist. l. 5. Ejus vitae cursus saevâ—s in principio miser in medio turpis in exitu asseritur Malm. l. 2. c. 10. Ea nox parâ—ulo temporis momento vetustam Danorum dominationem diuque majorum virtute elaboratum finivit imperium Sed neque id postera nostris fortuna restituit Ita Anglia dominandi juâ—â—ignavia perdâ—tum scelere recuperavit Saxo-Grammat hist. Dan l. 10. Krantziâ— hist. D n. l. 4. Magni roboris animo corpore prâ—pter hoc ferreum â—atus nuncupatus Malmesb. de gestis Reg Aug. l. 2 c. 10. Palâ—d Viâ—g Ang hist. l 7. Vide Malmesb. de gestis Reg. Ang. l. 2. c. 10. Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 7. p. 132. Polyd. Virg. Ang hist. l. 7. Some say one year and a few moneths Vide Polyd. Virg. hist. Ang. l. 8. p. 135. Scians omnes habitantes orâ—em vanam frivolaâ— regum esse potentiam Hunting hist. l. 6. Erat Dominus totius Daciae totius Angliae totius Norwagiae simul Scotiae Hunting hist. l 6. Ea fuit optimi Regis diligentia ut optimis legibus patriam cives milites intra honestatis praescriptum contineret Tulit legem de singulis rebus omniâ—qâ—e praeviâ—it quae ab optimo legum latore sunt providenda Et quum inter alia homicidio quoque paenam decrevissâ—t accidit ut ipsae 〈◊〉 is praevaricator occiso milite inveâ—iretur Quâ—mqu factum majestaâ—is reverentia â—uâ—ripot â—isset militari se animadversiouâ— substravit Kranâ—â—zii hist Daniâ— l. 4. Vide plura ibid. Leges Canuti posteâ—â—ati tam gratae fuerunt sibiquâ—â—am satutares Anglâ— semper duxâ—runt ut ad eas sirmiteâ— observandas sub nomine Edwardâ— Regis non quod illâ—â— stâ—tuâ—rit sed quod observaverit Principes regâ—o inaugurâ—â—dos solio sepius obstrinxerint juramento Seldeni Analâ—ct Anglobrit l. 2 c. 6. Ex Malmesâ— l 2. c. 11. Nou refero confessoris has leges ad certum regni cjus anuum aliquem quod non ab eo institutas câ—nsâ—oâ—â—sed ex Antecossorum suoruâ— legthâ—s praesertim Regis Canuti ut animadvertit Malmâ—sburius ducta plerunquâ— essent promulgaâ—a Innuit hoc idem ipsarum titulus in quo decitur Iucipiunt legeâ— S. Edwardâ— Regis quas in Anglia 〈◊〉 Id est observavit Non quas tulit hoc est instituit Spelman de Concil p 625 l. â—ide Lambardum de priscis Anglorum legibus Quo nemo Damcorum Regum tam eâ—si piura alii victor t is illustraverint splendidiâ—r fuit Equidem sanctitate ac fortitudine instâ—â—ctissâ—mus non minus religionem quam râ—gnum proferre curae hâ—huit Craâ—zii hist. Daniae l 4. Some say twenty St 〈◊〉 Malmeâ—b Dani ut patria pace loquar sâ—ecandis certatim calicibus assueti Saxo-Gram Hic tributum inexâ—rabile importabile Angliae imposuit ut classiariis suâ—â— pers ingulas naves viginti marcas ex pollicitâ— pensitaret Malm. l. 2 c 12. Edwardus Cognomento ob pâ—etatem Confessor Selden Ianus Ang. It was imposed by his Father and payed for forty years continuance cut of the lands of all except only the Clergy Danegeldum sâ—u Danageldum â—d est Tributum Danicum dicebatur Selden Marâ— clausum â—â—â— c. 11. vid plura â— Ibid. A Treatise of union of the two Realms of England and Scotland c. â— * Eâ—ymon ipsius habe primum nominis Op 〈◊〉 privativa est particula dâ—el pars sonat totum expers quasi criminis Purgationis autem sive Ordalii gâ—â—us duplex iâ—ncum aquâ—um Duplâ—â—i etiam forma ignâ—â—â— â—â—simulâ—tus cum quis criminis aut nuda manâ—â— sâ—rrum gestabat aut pedibua mâ—dus igâ—iâ—oâ— veâ—â—â—res premebit Distinguebant porro juxta ferrâ— magnitudinem quod si uniâ—s esset pondo simplex si trium triplex Ordalium nominabant Seld. Analect Auglebrit l 2. c. 8. Vide ejus Janum Anglorum l 2. p 253 254 255 256. Vedesis Glossarium annexum legibus Henrici primi apud Lambaâ— luâ— de prâ—sâ—â—â— Anglorum legibus See Dr. Hackwels Apology of Gods pâ—â—vidence in the government of the world l. 4. c. 2. Sect. 5 against the Ordeal Laws Sr Iohn Hayward alleadgeth two other causes impotency of nature and suspicion against her Ediderat à â—undamentis Baâ—dicam seu Ecclesiaâ— S. Petri Westmonasterii supra modum saeculi augustissimâ—m qua nostratibus etiam exemplum dedit condendi Ecclesias in formam Crucis Christi passioualis id est productiore radio inferiori Spelm. de Concil p. â—36 Matth. Paris hist. Ang. p. 2. Earl Godwin Father to King Harold having procured the untimely death of Alfred Brother to King Edward the Confessor denied is continually with solemn oathes and especially once when he dined with the King At what time occasion being offered to speak of that matter he took a piecâ— of broad and prayed to God that the same might be his last if he were any way consenting or privy thereto and so eating the bread was choaked therewith and died there in the Kings presence Henry Hunting hist. l. 6. Ingulphus hist. Ang. 153. Polyd. Virg Ang. hist The Archers of the Normans send forth their arrows on every side as thick as hail which kind of fight as it was unto the Englâ—sh mâ—n strange so it was unto them no less terrible Milles. Walsingham History is called Hypodigma Neustriae Ayscis Haec gen◠á Dacia oriunda ferox statim tanto regâ—o potita mores optimos leges sanctissimas divina humanaque vertere ac denique genus ipsum Aâ—gâ—icum perdere conata est Polyd. Virg. Aug. hist. Proaem in l. 9. Erat sapiens sed astutus locuples sed cupidus gloriosas sed famae deditus eras humilis Deo servientibus durus sibi resistâ—ntibus Huntington hist. l 6. Aluâ—â— non habebat Gallia qui talis praelicaretur eques arma tus Spectaculum erat delectabile simul ac terribile eum cernere frâ—ua moderantem ense decorum clypeo sulgentem galea teloque minitantem Gesta Gulielmi Ducis Normannorum à Gulielmoâ—â—ctaviensi â—â—ctaviensi Lexoviorum Archidiacono Mr. Pryns seasonable legall and historicall vindication of the fundamentall Liberties Rights Laws of England p. 382 383. See more there See Sir Iohn Hayward in the life of King William the first p. â—9 32 33 34 35 36 and Master Bacons first part of his historicall discourse of the uniformity of the Government of England c. 44 45 46 55 56 and Carpenters Geog. l. 2. c. 14. p. 238. Verstegâ—ns Antiquities c. 6. p. 171 172. It was a generall custome at that time in France that Bastards did succeed even in dignities of highest condiâ—ion no otherwise than children lawfully begotten Sir Iohn Hayward in the life of William the first p. 4 5. He hath seven examples there of Bastards lawfull succession It is probable saith the same Hayward that this uâ—e was grounded upon often experience that
his Father At a time upon the repulse of a certain suit the Archbishop brake forth into discontentment expostulated sharply against the King and in a humorous heat offered to depart But the King stayed him fell down at his feet desired pardon and promised satisfaction in the best manner that he could The Nobility which were present put the Archbishop in minde that he should cause the King to arise nay answered the Archbishop let him alone let him still abide at St. Peters feet So with much ado he was appeased and entreated to accept his suit By reason of sickness he kept his chamber a long time whereat the French King scoffing said The King of England lyeth long in Childbed Which when it was reported unto King William he answered When I am Churched there shall be a thousand lights in France alluding to the lights that Women used to bear when they were Churched and that he performed within few dayes after wasting the French Frontiers with fire and sword Malmesb. de Wilielmo primo l. 4. Some of the Earls conspiring against him he perceiving his estate to be now brought into no small danger and loath to put all upon the hazard and fortune of a Battell against men so well provided and with desperation armed as a man perplexed entred into consultation with Lâ—nfrancke then Archbishop of Canterbury what course were now best for him to take for the appeasing of these so great and dangerous troubles By whose advice he came to a parl with the English Nobility where after much reasoning and debating of the matter a peace was at length concluded and agreed upon so that the English men laying down their Arms the Conquerour in the presence of the Archbishop Lanfrancke and others took a solemn Oath upon the holy Evangelists and all the reliques of the Churches of St. Albans from thence forth to observe and keep the good and ancient Laws of the Realm which the noble Kings of England his Predecessors had before made and ordained but especially those of St. Edwarâ— of all others supposed to be most equall and indifferent for the geneâ—all good of the people He courteously received and honourably maintained Edgar Etheling in his Court allowing him a pound weight of silver every day to spend a rare example of a victorious Conqueror shewed upon a man so unconstant who twice had broken his Oath of fidelity and dangerous to be so near unto his person being as he was a competitor of his Crown During all his Raign either the sword was not put up into the scabbard or if it were the hand was alwayes upon the hilt ready to draw it So unwilling on the one part were the English men to bear the yoke and so haughty on the other part were the Norman Conquerors that to be called an English man was in their eyes a great concumely insomuch as it made some of the more light-conceited of the English to seek to better their esteem by imitating the Normans both in apparrell and language which among the graver sort bred the Proverb that Jack would be a Gentleman if he could speak French He favoured learned men and drew out of Italy Lanfrancke Anselme Durand Trahern and divers others famous at that time for learning and piety 'T is better with William Hunter than with William the Conqueror 'T is better to have a name in the Book of Martyrs than in the Book of Chronicles Mr. Nortons life of Mr. Iohn Cotton Perceiving his own defects in some points for want of learning he did exhort his children oftentimes to learning with this saying An unlearned Prince is a crowned Ass which speech took great impression in his son Henry This is one speciall honour attributed unto him that from him we begin the Computation of our Kings of England From the Normans bearing of Armes began amongst us Ab eo posteriores series Regum inchoavere perinde acsi de integro ille regnum ipsum instituâ—isset Regesque qui seâ—uti sunt usi similiter sunt ut nunc utuntur insignibus Regiis quae dedisset Polyd. Virg. Ang. hist. l. 9. Nostrates priusquam in Angliam penetrasset Wilielmus primus hunc armorum cultum à Normannis videntur accepisse Spelmanni Aspilegia p. 40. Vide etiam p. 44. He ended his life upon the ninth day of September full both of honour and of age when he had raigned twenty years eight moneths and sixteen dayes in the threescore and fourth year of his age His dead body was not only abandoned but left almost naked upon the ground Being conveyed from Roan where he died to Cane one Fitz Arthur denied the King buriall in the Abbey-Church as ground which was wrongfully taken by the King from his Father till he had a hundred pounds paid him for it Mr. Ienkyn in his Exposition of the Epistle of Iude vers 4. p. 351. saith Of our twenty five Monarchs since the Conquest thirteen taking in three who are thought to be poysoned are said to have had violent and untimely deaths CHAP. XII K. William the second sirnamed Rufus or the Red. KIng William the first took to wife Matilde daughter to Baldwin Earl of Flanders a man for his wisdome and power both reverenced and feared even of Kings but because she was his Cousin-germane he was for his marriage excommunicate by his own Uncle Mauger Archbishop of Roan Hereupon he sued to Pope Victor and obtained of him a dispensation and afterwards so wrought that by a provinciall Counsell his Uncle Mauger was deprived of his dignity This King had by his Wife four sons Robert Richard William and Henry Robert his eldest son sirnamed Courtcuise by reason of the shortness of his thighs succeeded him in the Duchy of Normandy He was a man of exceeding honourable courage and spirit for which cause he was so esteemed by the Christian Princes in the great Warre against the Saracens that when they had subdued the City and Territory of Hierusalem they offered the Kingdome thereof first unto him The King of England to whom the Schola Salernitana was dedicated was this Robert eldest son of the Duke of Normandy which begins thus Anglorum Regi scribit Schola tota Salerni and it seems to be written when this Robert returned out of Palestina into Apulia and by reason of a Fistula from his poysoned wound he had consulted with the School of Salerne concerning it and preserving his health Neither doth that hinder that this Book is written to the King of England but Robert never raigned here for the Kingdome of right belonged to him which his younger Brother William Rufus possessed in his absence and for recovering of that he warred with his Brother but was overcome by him Richard had raised the good expectation of many as well by his comely countenance and behaviour as by his lively and generous spirit But he died young by misadventure
of refined wits and excellent spirits who honoured Poesie with their pens and practice Eduaâ—d Earl of Oxford the Lord 〈…〉 Hâ—nry Lord Paâ—et our Phaenix the No le Sâ— Phâ—â—â—ip Sidney Mr. Edward Dyer Mr. Eâ—mâ—nd Spenser Mr. Samuel Daniel with sundry others Peachâ—ms compleat Gentleman c. 10. Those were the ablest and most accomplished that were tutored by both fortunes Such was with us King Henry the seventh and with the French Lewis the twelfth the former of which excelled in prudence the other in justice During the Raign of her brother her estate was most prosperous and flourishing during the Raign of her sister very tempestuous and full of hazard 2. She was indeed the Queen of Hearts beloved by her Subjects at home and honoured by forraign Princes She came to the Crown with the love of her Subjects and while she possessed it they continued their love to her She was received very lovingly by the City of London the day before her Coronation as appeared by the Assembly prayers wishes welcomings cryes and all other signs which argue a wonderfull earnest love of most obedient Subjects toward their Soveraign In her short progresses what flocking would there be of all sorts of people to see her and what hearty acclamations would they utter to her God save the Queen Elizabeth It is a sign of a happy Raign saith Iohn de Serres in Henry the fourth when the Subject rejoyceth to see his King She would usually reply God bless you my people all Her speech to the children of Christs Hospitall as she rode through Fleet-street was We are Orphans all Let me enjoy your prayers and you shall be sure of my assistance Engl. Elizab. p. 186. In her speech to her last Parliament the third of November 1601 she hath this passage To be a King and wear a Crown is a thing more glorious to them that see it then it is pleasant to them that bear it Though you have had and may have many mightier and wiser Princes sitting in this Seat yet you never had nor shall have any that will love you better See more there She had an extraordinary Majesty of aspect joyned with a sweetness a most happy and constant healthfulness of body Illud sane non indignum memoratu quod tota vitae tempore valuit pancraticè Adolphi à Dans vita Elizabethae She was and was so reputed by strangers of all the Princes of her time the most exact observer both for action and ceremony of true Regall deportment and magnificence She was pious and constant in Religion She was very frequent in the reading of the Scriptures and writings of the Fathers especially of St. Augustine She composed certain prayers her self upon emergent occasions Whensoever she named God though it were in common discourse she would for the most part adde the title of Maker saying God my Maker and compose both her eyes and countenance to a submisness and reverence Although she found the Romish Religion confirmed in her sisters dayes by Act of Parliament and established by all strong and potent meanes that could be devised and that all those which had any Authority or bare Office in the State had subscribed to it yet because she saw it was not agreeable to the Word of God nor to the Primitive purity nor to her own conscience she did with a great deal of courage and with the assistance of very few persons quite expell and abolish it Within the compass of one year she did so establish and settle all matters belonging to the Church as she departed not one hairs breadth from them to the end of her life In the years of her life she went beyond all her predecessors since the Conquest and in the length of her Raign she exceeded all but only two Henry the third and Edward the third There was almost no memorable Act in Christendome for the space of forty years of her time wherein she had not some part of Princely deserving Levers History of the Defenders of the Catholick faith Rare in all ages hath been the Raign of a woman more rare the felicity of a woman in her Raign but most rare a permanency and lasting joyned with that felicity A great French Lady mother to the Duke of Guise said that Elizabeth of England was the most glorious and happy woman that ever swayed Scepter Her days are not to be passed over slightly without one touch upon that string which so many years sounded so sweetly in our ears without one sigh breathed forth in her sacred memory She was wonderfully preserved from twenty conspiracies at home and forraign invasions She was happy in the abilities of her servants many grave Counsellors and martiall Commanders The Coyn was pure in her dayes and Religion was in great purity She was admirable in expressing her mind both by speech and writing and if collection could be made of her Apophthegmes and extemporall Orations it would certainly excell any thing extant in that kind King Henry the fourth of France in a Letter to Mounsieur de Rosny Duke of Sully commends her In imitation of her Father Henry the eight she did admit none about her for Pensioners Privy-Chamber-men Squires of the body Carvers Cup-Bearers Sewers but persons of stature strength and birth Her Guard Ushers Porters and all attending below stairs were of no less extraordinary size than activity for shooting throwing the Barre weight wrestling Elizabeth was tempered to inherit her Grandsires wisdome and her fathers spirit Dr. Holiday his Survey of the world Book eighth Paulet Marquess of Winchester and Lord Treasurer having served then four Princes in a various and changeable season that time nor any age hath yeelded the like president this man being noted to grow high in her favour as his place and experience required was questioned by an intimate friend of his how he stood up for thirty years together amidst the changes and Raigns of so many Chancellours and great Personages Why quoth the Marquess Ortus sum ex salice non ex quercu I was made of the pliable Willow not of the stubborn Oak Sir Robert Nauntons Fragm Reg. Her clemency also was singular Though she was harshly used by Sir Henry Beningfield when she was prisoner at Woodstocke yet when she came to the possession of the Crown she never proceeded further then to discharge him of the Court which many thought was the thing that pleased him best At whose departure from her presence she used only these words God forgive you that is past and we do and if we have any prisoner whom we will have hardly handled and straightly kept then we will send for you Whilest she was in her vigorous years if at any time she were moved to declare her Successour she would make answer That she would never endure to see her winding sheet before her eyes She behaved her self so warily as not to come within the danger of the