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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A02239	A generall historie of the Netherlands VVith the genealogie and memorable acts of the Earls of Holland, Zeeland, and west-Friseland, from Thierry of Aquitaine the first Earle, successiuely vnto Philip the third King of Spaine: continued vnto this present yeare of our Lord 1608, out of the best authors that haue written of that subiect: by Ed. Grimeston.; Grande chronique. English	Le Petit, Jean François, 1546-ca. 1615.; Grimeston, Edward.; Meteren, Emmanuel van, 1535-1612. Historia Belgica nostri potissimum temporis.; Sichem, Christoffel van, ca. 1546-1624, engraver.	1608 (1608)	STC 12374; ESTC S120800	2,253,462	1,456

Beaumont who maried the daughter of the earl of Blois and of Soissons and who by the death of his father in law was in the right of his wife earle of Blois and of Soissons by which lady he had Iohn which succeeded him father to the earls Iohn and Guy of Blois This earle Iohn of Beaumont obtained of the Earle of Holland his brother the towne of la Goude Schoonhouen with all rights duties and appurtenances the which he repaired and fortified the castles to make them his residence In the yeare 1311 Guy of Henault bishop of Vtrecht vncle to Cont William the Good intending to make a fort at Schellinkwerff to bridle the Frisons for the effecting whereof hee sought some firme foundation but being sent for to assist the counsell of Vienna he was interrupted in this worke Being at this counsell pope Clement the fift at the request of Philip the Faire king of France would haue made him cardinall but he refused it desiring rather to liue quietly in his bishopricke of Vtrecht than to be a courtier at Rome After this counsell the king led him with him into France where he assigned him fiue hundred liuers of rent to entertaine him in his friendship and good alliance Being with the king at Pontoise he did mediat an accord and reconciliation betwixt the Earles of Flanders and Holland the which succeeded well and these two princes were by the kings authoritie made good friends Whilest that bishop Guy was in France it was bruted abroad that he was dead and therefore the Frisons of Schellinkwerff hauing taken armes for that the said bishop had pretended to build a fort vpon their limits they went to besiege his castle of Vollenhouen in the country of Oueryssel and did presse it all they could with diuers kinds of batteries The besieged who wanted neither men nor munition defended themselues valiantly with arrowes and slings so as they chased the Frisons out of their suburbs who made a high tower of wood of three stages the which they manned with their best souldiers that from the top of it they might cast and shoot more easily into the fort approaching it within fiue foot of the wal This great tower was couered on the outside with raw hides and by that meanes armed against the fire and below couered with an inclosure against their rammes crossebowes and other engins of batterie with this they laboured to beat downe the chiefe tower of the castle and to keepe the besieged from the walls thinking by that meanes to come easily to the scalado Herman prouost collegiall of Deuenter hearing in what danger his brother the chastelaine of Vollenhouen was went speedily into France to aduertise the bishop into what necessitie the besieged were brought by the Frisons The bishop hauing taken his leaue of the king made no delay vntill hee were returned into Holland where hauing gathered together some troups hee barked to passe into Friseland The besieged of Vollenhouen seeing from their highest tower this fleet of ships at sea knew well that they were succours which came to free them from this siege so as growing more couragious they filled a barrell full of flaxe mixt with lard pitch oyle rosin brimston saltpeter al together the which being kindled they cast into the tower vpon that part that was neerest vnto the wall which was the middle stage the wind driuing it inward did kindle it more and more and dispersed the flames in such sort as the fire did first burne the higher stage then going downeward it consumed all this great building with fiftie Frisons in it the fire preuenting them and such as thought to saue themselues in leaping out of it brake their armes and legs The captaine of the castle who slept not in the meane time sallied forth and fell vpon the Frisons camp the which he put to rout euery man sauing himselfe as he could in the pursute he slew fiue hundred and then returned to his fort This done the Hollanders armie began to approach ioyning to that of the bishops Floris prouost cathedrall of Vtrecht Iohn of Arckel first counsellor to the bishop Didier lord of Brederode and Nicholas Putten barons and of the chiefe of the Earl of Hollands counsell hauing prepared their tents and pauilions they resolued to land the next day in Friseland and to giue battaile vnto the Frisons but the night following there happened so violent a tempest and such stormes of wind and raine as their pauilions were carried away and their souldiers wonderfully tormented and tired with the fowle weather The next day the tempest beeing ceased and the skie growne cleere about noone these noblemen seeing that the wayes being full of water were not passable and that Winter approaching they could not march far into the countrey and much lesse do any worthy exploit they raised their campe imbarkt againe and returned euery man to his home But they had no sooner weighed anker but the people of Friseland sent vnto them to demaund peace offering to repaire the faults that had beene committed by them in this warre and presenting hostages for assurance of their reparation The bishop seeing that they submitted themselues vnto his mercie sent backe the said hostages free after that he had made an accord with them the which was set downe in writing In the yeare 1316 there was so great a famine in Holland that the poore people died for hunger as they went in the streets and going to seeke hearbs and roots in the woods fields they remained statke dead in the wayes they were growne so weake and feeble as they were not able to stand vpon their legges little children were found dead sucking of their mothers breasts neither could there be a greater pitie if the mothers had not deuoured their children During this famine there was a woman in the towne of Leyden who being greatly prest with hunger desired her owne sister to lend her some bread who answered her That she had none in her house the other insisting that she had and intreating her to lend her some If I haue any said she I am content that God shall turne it to a stone She hauing made this execration lying vnto God and to her sister going soone after to her cupboord to reach some bread she found that by a iust iudgement of God all was turned into stone It is not long since that one of these stones was to be seene in S. Peters church in the said town of Leyden After the death of Guy bishop of Vtrecht who died sodainly not without suspition of poison Cont William the Good vnited the seigniories of Amstel and Woerden to the reuenues of Holland where he placed bailifes and other officers for the gouernement of Iustice Saying That what the bishop had inioyed was onely by tolleration for his life in recompence of his patrimoniall portion and that the said seigniories were fallen before to the earledome of Holland for the fellonies and

abstinencie from war made for 10 20 or 30 yeares vntill the splene and hatred of both parties were somewhat cooled and appeased or else that a continuall abstinence from wars on both sides might be concluded each holding that he hath and so liue in peace and friendship together keeping garrisons vpon their frontiers the king the archduke surceasing their pretensions vntill that God sent them other meanes liuing in peace as France and Spain do the French king leauing his kingdom of Nauarre in the king of Spains hands Touching truce or abstinence from war it were to be doubted that the vnited prouinces wold not trust them and the other meanes were verie good if the king and the archduke would hearken thereunto But he saith there is yet another meanes to end these bloudie wars which had ouerthrowne and ruined so many townes and bin the losse of so many souls and bodies whereunto all the Estates proceedings ought to tend and put to their helping hands Old diseases require other maner of cures than new there must be a means found that should be acceptable vnto either partie He acknowledgeth That the vnited prouinces and namely Catholikes themselues are wholly estranged from the king of Spaine so that neither he nor his house is not to expect any good seruice at their hands for a long time They haue experience of their owne countries forces they haue learned that which they knew not and now were vsed to liue in freedome and not accustomed vnto the yoke They dayly read and heare their fathers tell what fearefull cruelties haue bin vsed against them and executed vpon their forefathers friends and companions which is the cause of new hatreds and strengtheneth their rebellion and to bee briefe their children suck hatred against the Spaniards from their mothers brests What then shal the king of Spaine and the archdukes do with such rebels shall they for their pleasures alwayes liue in armes and troubles vnprofitably spending their treasures and reuenues and shal a Spaniard say That the king shall rather hazard and aduenture all his kingdoms and power than leaue or lose his right But we must answer with a politike true reason and say If men stand so much vpon their right why go they not to recouer Thunis and Goletta againe All honors and dominions haue their casuall fortunes and periods The empire of Rome might well aford to haue that which belongeth vnto it The time was when Spaine had not those large limits which now it hath who can say or tell whether he shall hold it still God giueth and God taketh The house of Austria long since made great wars against the Switsers to bring them vnder their subiection againe but at the last they thought it better to leaue their right than to labour in vaine and to lose both men and money And if euerie man would seeke for his right with all extremitie who should liue in peace But hee saith Hee would not that the king and the archdukes should simply resigne their right although neither the one nor the other euer yet possessed or enioyed any thing in Holland or Zeeland but would rather haue them to imitat the example of the children of Albert duke of Saxonie who after that their father they had long made war against thē of Groningue finding that they were stil to begin againe hauing to do with a stiffe rebellious people they esteemed them vnworthie to bee accounted their subiects and so sold them for a great summe of readie money vnto the emperor Charles 5 with al the rights they had vnto them returned into their country of Mesnia there to liue in peace In like maner the K. of Spaine being so much incensed against the vnited prouinces as he cannot affect thē what can he do better than by mediation of the kings of France and England or of the princes of the empire or by meanes of the prouinces which are vnder his command than to purchase a peace vnto himselfe that is hee should compound with those of the vnited prouinces for a good summe of money whereof the interest might yerely amount vnto as much as in times past the vnited prouinces did yearely pay vnto the king towards his wars and so to let them liue in peace and freedome renouncing all right which he pretends ouer them Themistocles once gaue profitable counsell vnto them of Athens but for that it was not honourable it was by Aristides aduice reiected Now if this counsell be found both honourable and profitable for both parties why should it be reiected Touching the vnited prouinces he saith That he saw no reason to the contrarie why they should refuse it but the K. of Spaine and the archdukes would not so easily be drawne vnto it although they had no great reason to reiect it Would it not be verie profitable for him to receiue a great summe of money which should be paid at certaine dayes with interest for that which should not be presently paid of the vnited prouinces for the redemption of their freedomes whereby he should peaceably enioy the reuenues of the other prouinces the which by meanes of a peace would be inriched by trade and traffique and so saue the great charges of continuall wars The king of Spaine and the archdukes should therby haue meanes to gather great treasures wherewith in stead of the vnited prouinces which is but a small continent of ground they might go and conquer new countries and kingdoms vpon the enemies of Christendome Concerning the honourablenesse of this action it were no disgrace at all but a great honour and commendation for them throughout all Christendome that for the good and welfare of Christendome they had made a peace and ended the miseries of war washing away the teares and bloud of poore men and giuing them cause to praise and thank God and to pray for their prosperities and welfares For as men esteeme the kings power to bee great to seeke his right by armes so would it tend to his greater reputation and honour that hee had yeelded freely thereunto without any compulsion only in regard of the common welfare and peace Hee said further That he had heard that this king of Spaines father before his death had resolued to end these wars by some means or other and that he saw no better course But if it should be alledged to the contrarie That hereby men counsell the prouinces to disioyne themselues one from another answer might be made That they had alreadie beene disunited many yeares without any meanes of reconcilement and that the Netherlands had not alwayes beene vnited some of them hauing bin purchased and therefore he might sell them againe And if any man would obiect That others might follow the example of the Hollanders answer may be made That let them first striue and withstand the kings forces fortie yeres together and then let them speake The king of Spaine also hauing peace with the vnited

or flaming haire as I●…al doth witnesse IVVENAL Cerulaquis stupuit Germani lumina flauam Caesariem ●…adido torquentem cornua cirro Who wonders at the Germans when hee sees Their danke flame-coloured curles and blew dide eyes And withall they did bind vp their haire in trusses like hornes Vitellius being generall of the armie to the emperor Nero in Germanie the Batauiens and Cananifates being in Gaul being sent for to go to Rome their great captaine Ciuilis writ vnto them and countermanded them And as in marching they came neere vnto the troups of Flaccus Ordeonius one of the commanders of the Roman armie they gaue them to vnderstand That for certaine reasons they were resolued not to serue the Romans any more or else they would haue double pay demanding a supply of horsemen the which they said were much diminished in subduing the Bourguignons and Auuergnacs and aboue that the honourable reward which Vitellius had promised them else they would neuer go any more to Rome nor serue the Romans the which they spake at the instigation of their captaine Ciuilis that they might haue some occasion to returne home hauing serued aboue twentie yeares continually without seeing of their houses and families Ordeonius refusing to giue them leaue would haue them to serue still But the Batauiens not respecting his command retired themselues to their captaine Ciuilis to do as he should command them the which Ordeonius seeing he writ vnto Herenius Gallus gouernour of Bonne lying vpon the Rhine in the countrey of the Vbiens which now is the diocesse of Cologne being within four leagues of it that he should cut off the Batauiens passage and that he would charge them behind so as not any one of them should returne into his country The Batauiens Catthes Cananifates their associats had alredie sent an embassage vnto Bonne with letters of this substance To captaine Herenius Gallus health We Batauiens and our companions require you to giue vs free passage to returne into our countrey we haue no war nor hatred against the Romans for whose seruice we haue so often shed our bloud and exposed our liues wherefore now that we are wearie of the wars and of carrying of armes we desire to go and see our deere countrey and hereafter to liue in rest if no man hinder vs in which case wee must make our way by force Those of Bonne hauing a desire to charge them and to stop their passage Herenius their gouernor sent forth a legion of three thousand men with a great number of peasants of the countrey of Treues trained vp in armes Those like men greedie of spoile sallied out by all the ports of the towne to affront the Batauiens being verie few in number in regard of them that came to assaile them the Batauiens shewing their antient courage and valour ioyning so closely together as they could not force them in any part but the Batauiens without feare and with a wonderfull resolution charged this great multitude of Bonne with their small troupe whom they defeated and put to rout chasing this legion euen into their ports the Batauiens pursuing them still of whom they slew so great a number as the towne ditches neere vnto the port were filled one falling vpon another the prease was so great in flying to get into the town Hauing gotten this victorie they past on their way without doing harme to any one leauing Cologne on the one side hauing excused this defeat before Bonne for that they seeking peace friendship with all men had demanded passage the which being denied them they were forced to help themselues as wel as they could and to make their passage by the sword This happened about 70 yeres after the birth of Christ wherof we haue made mention to make known the vertue valour and chiualry which the Batauiens Hollanders and Frisons haue heretofore shewed in the Romans seruice aboue all the nations of the world which antient Hollanders in respect of their valor vertue seeme to be reuiued in those of our time whereof they haue made good proofe in the furious wars which they haue maintained for the space of 40 yeares both by sea by land against all the power of the king of Spain their ancestors not knowing what it was to fight by sea wherin at this day they exceed al others According to the testimonie of some antient writers the Batauien men and women were attired almost alike they did vse to weare a cassock and a cloke vpon it made fast with a great button of gold or siluer the cassock being close to the bodie a thin paire of breeches being plaine downe vnto the knee so as vnder the cloke you might see the proportion of all the members of their bodies Those which did inhabit along the sea coast were couered with the skins of wild beasts wherewith the country at that time being full of woods did abound but the women wore linnen kerchiefs partie coloured checker wise white and purple they had no hanging sleeues like the men their habits were cut away behind to the shoulders before to the breast shewing their bare brests yet they were exceeding modest very chast in mariage euerie one contenting himselfe with his wife The maydens the which is wonderfull aboue all other nations did not marie if they were not pure virgins and if any one were corrupted how rich faire or yong soeuer shee were no man would marie with her when as they did marie they tooke their husbands to be one bodie one soule one life and did not thinke him otherwise in their meere simplicitie They were not accustomed to say where is my husband but where is my loyall The day of their mariage the husband was wont to offer a yoke of oxen to plowe withall a horse bridled and sadled a target and a sword for the warres with which gifts the mariage was confirmed in presence of the father mother kinsfolkes and friends The bridd did learne thereby that shee must beare and endure with her husband whatsoeuer happened and that shee came vnto him to be an aid and companion in all trauels voyages and dangers and to liue and die with him if need were in warre yea in battell The mothers did nurse their babes with their owne breasts beeing a great reproach vnto them to put them forth to nurse if necessitie did not constraine them They did not marie their children vntill they came to ripe age to the end their children might be strong and lustie The yong men might not poule their heads nor shaue their beards vntill they had slaine some one of their enemies or taken his armes forcibly from him to the end that they might know that their naturall reward consisted in the defence of their countrie and in the honour of their ancestours Their feeding was simple and plaine without any spice sauces or other delicacie their ordinarie diet was fruit

cheese butter egges milke creame and some pulses wherewith they did onely satisfie their hunger and quench their thirst Their drinke was made of barlie or oates boyled in faire water like heere or ale the peasants were content as they are at this day with whey but those that did liue neere vnto the sea were wont to haue wine It was no disgrace among them to drinke a whole day and a night together when as they went vnto the tauerne they carried their armes with them as if it were to doe some exploit of warre They were accustomed to assemble once a moneth to hold a councell touching the affairs of the countrie where euery one might speake his mind freely whereof the prince or gouernour with the nobilitie and wise men gaue resolution not by authoritie or soueraigne command but onely by persuading the people with good and liuely reasons if the action or resolution did please they would presently lift their swords aboue their heads flourishing and slashing one against another if it did not please them their exclamations and murmurings did witnesse their disauow In this assembly euery one might make his complaint and call his aduerse partie to haue it concluded there were it to life or death or otherwise ciuilly or criminally They were very warie and discreet in matter of punishments and fines but such as were traitors and renigados were hanged vpon trees without any sentence or mercie In their battels for their countrey and libertie they would haue their neerest kinsmen wiues and children spectators to bee witnesses of their valours for that they held them to bee their best witnesses from whom they receiued most honour After the battell they did runne vnto their mothers and wiues to shew their wounds to suck out the blood with their mouthes reioycing that their children and husbands had fought so valiantly The wiues would stand by their husbands during the battell exhorting and incouraging them to fight well for their libertie and countrey so as many times they did winne goodly battels which otherwise it may be they had lost if the women had not animated them with words And for this cause the women were in old time so much esteemed in Holland and at this day they retaine some markes of respect drawne from the old custome for as much as by the treaties and accords which they made with any neighbour townes or common weales they were wont to comprehend them in their bonds of assurance namely the noble women and the virgins ready to marie neither did they reiect nor contemne the councels aduice and resolutions of women especially of notable widowes The sumptuousnes wealth of the countries of Hollād Zeelād Friselād Vtrecht Oueryssel Groningue all which in old time were reputed Batauiens or Mattiaques witnes sufficiently their pleasant situation and the great commodities which doe daily arise by their commerce and traffique which makes them so to prosper First there are in them many little hilles and valleis full of pasture many forrests and vnder woods full of deere and other game they are not much giuen to rob nor steale wheras the passenger or marchant may at al times trauel safely without any danger and with smal charge be it by the riuers or channels which are very ordinarie in shippes barks or boats either sayling or drawne by horses or men else they may trauell in summer by wagon and in winter in sleds on the yce from one towne vnto another There are also many flowing streames according vnto the tides many spatious riuers standing lakes and little seas as they call them all which haue store of fish in them as salmons trouts eeles and other sorts the which they powder vp in barrels and send into forraine countreys These prouinces haue goodly great strong and well peopled townes well walled flanckt and fortified to endure great sieges many borough townes whereof the Hage where the court of Holland is resident excels villages castles and forts The people are very neat and cleanely in their apparell bee it woollen cloth linnen or silke the which is now more frequent there than euer there is not any petty clarke of aband but he weares veluet satten taffata and silke stockings but all at the poore souldiers charge The houses within are decked and trimmed with all sorts of moueables so as you shall not see them more neatly drestvp nor better accommodated in any countrey of the world They are also very curious to haue their meat and drinke very neat and cleanly and all implements belonging thereunto There may you recouer all things that mans heart can desire at a reasonable rate brought thither from sundry countreyes both neere and farre off in great abundance for that there wants neither gold nor siluer which causeth all things to come from all parts True it is that some countreys haue mynes of gold siluer tinne copper yron and other mettals but the charge of refining is so great as they yeeld small profit The prouinces haue three mynes of another sort and of greater reuenue the which exceeds all other traffique and commerce out of the which there riseth such a great gaine as it is not to be valued The first is the exceeding gaine they make of herrings and of all sorts of fish drie and salt which they send into all parts of the world Secondly they make a wonderfull reuenue of their pastures their horse rases their oxen kine and sheepe the which are sold twice a yeare at certaine faires with great profite Thirdly they make an infinit quantitie of butter cheese and other white meats the which is transported vnto the east and west Indies and to the new discouered Ilands They haue also great traffique of wood although they themselues haue none growing of deale boards firre trees and oake for shipping and to make piles and foundations for houses and for other vses I omit to speake of silkes serges linnen cloth pitch tarre rosen and all other forts of marchandize and will remember but the least commoditie which are conie-skinnes which they take in their downes and warrens and are eaten there amounting yerely to aboue 12000 gulderns and yet the skins doe not cost aboue a farthing a peece what then should the bodies which are eaten there come vnto There is little fire wood in all the countrey but they make their fires of turffes which are of three sorts The first which are hardest and best making a good solide cole is drawn from the bottome of ditches in certain parts of the countrey the which is nothing but mudde they cast them vpon the land and hauing cut them in equall proportions they let them drie treading vpon them with bords vntill they bee very firme then cutting them foure square they lay them vpon hie heaps like a pyramides packt in such sort as the sunne may pierce from the top to the bottom and the wind through them on all sides which makes them to