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A82508 A defence of sundry positions, and Scriptures alledged to justifie the Congregationall-way; charged at first to be weak therein, impertinent, and unsufficient; by R.H. M. A. of Magd. Col. Cambr. in his examination of them; but upon further examination, cleerly manifested to be sufficient, pertinent, and full of power. / By [brace] Samuel Eaton, teacher, and Timothy Taylor, pastor [brace] of [brace] the church in Duckenfield, in Cheshire. Published according to order. Eaton, Samuel, 1596?-1665.; Taylor, Timothy, 1611 or 12-1681. 1645 (1645) Wing E118; Thomason E308_27; ESTC R200391 116,862 145

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by lifting up thy hand and Barnabas must say to Paul If thou be for him or for any other dielare it by lifting up thy hand a most ridiculous course was ever suffrages so gathered and given when but one man to gather and another to give might not two persons better have gone apart and concluded the businesse by counsell betwixt themselves then to have gone to it by suffrage and stretching out of hands in the presence of so many except there had been some greater plurality of persons There is roome enough without absurdity for Churches though but two or three to go to voting in a businesse that is common to them and therefore 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is applicative to them but there is no place with any colour of reason why two persons should go to voting when any thing is put to vote or lifting up of hands the end of it is that the businesse may that way be cast but two persons may end it by agreement when as by vote they cannot if they be opposite to one another POSITION X. The particular Congregation This Scripture is alledged by R. M. and W. T. to C. H. answ to 32. q. p. 69. though they want Officers have power and authority to ordain Officers as the children of Israel did put their hands upon the Lovites Numb 8.9 10. That Congregation had Officers Answer Aaron the High Priest and many other Priests Numb 3.4 But you hold not that people may ordain in the presence and plenty of Officers 1. Though they had Officers Reply viz. Aaron and his Sons yet those Officers could not lay their hands upon them for a speciall reason and therfore they were as without Officers the reason was this the Levites were given to God and they were given to Aaron and his sons they were given to Gods service they were given to Aarons service and therefore they must be presented not by Aaron and his sons but before them Numb 8.13 Aaron and his sons must be the person that must as it were receive them therefore not lay their bands on them for that was the work of those that offered them and gave them and not the work of those that must receive them this appeares from Numb 3.6 7. and Numb 8.13 with 19.2 Will it not hold à majore from the greater that if in the old Testament the people did ordain in the presence of Officers then they may in the new much more in the want of Officers All the children of Israel being about 600000 Answer did not probably lay hands on the Levites but some in stead of the rest which were more likely to be the Elders then any other You might have said could not possibly at once do it Reply therefore of necessity some in stead of the rest did it and probably the Elders But what Elders Ecclesiasticall Elders there were none but Aaron and his sans and they did it not as is manifest from the Text and for the reason rendred they were therefore Civill Elders but not as Elders For you hold not that it belongs to Civill Elders as Civill Elders to lay on hands in ordination but as they were the chief and principall men of the Congregation and we hold the gravest and wisest and primest of the Congregation ought to do it on the behalf of the rest when there is a want of Ecclesiasticall Officers All the Congregation Answer and all the Elders of the Congregation are all one Exod. 12.3 with vers 21. 1. It doth not appear from the Text alledged Reply that they are all one but distinguished though they all are one body yet these as Officers those as Members For when God saith speak ye unto the Congregation of the children of Israel he meant really that the Congregation of Israel should be spoken to and not the Elders only for the ordinance was as well appertaining to the Congregation as to the Elders and when Moses vers 21. spake to the Elders only yet it was with reference to Gods command in vers 3. that all the Congregation might be spoken to they fulfill Gods commandement speak to the Congregation but not immediatly but by the Elders Doth this confound Congregations and Elders For if God had meant Elders by the Congregation then the Elders killing the Passeover though the people had not done it yet Gods command had been fulfilled which is untrue 2. Though the Congregation and the Elders should be all one yet is the Congregation and the Ecclesiasticall Elders all one if the Text you alledge prove not that it is nothing to your purpose 3. If the Congregation and the Elders should be all one in some places yet in Numb 8.9 10. they are not all one For Aaron and his sons were the only Ecclesiasticall Elders and they are mentioned distinctly from the Congregation of Israel The Levites were separated to their work Answer an t taken from amongst the children of Israel cleansed and offered before the Lord by Moses and Aaron respectively according to Gods expresse appointment vers 6.7.8.11.13.14 therefore this laying on of hands was either only obedientiall for approbation of Gods election or for oblation of the Levites to God in stead of their first born vers 16.17 18. as they laid hands on sacrifices vers 12. which was a speciall reason and peculiar to those times Obedientiall certainly it was Reply but principally for another reason as we conceive which you omit the service of the Levites was the service of the children of Israel which formerly the first born were wont to perform now God had chosen the Levites in stead of the first born to do that service which Israel should have done by their first born therefore Israel must lay their hands upon them that is put that work upon them which was theirs For as the laying on of the hands on the sacrifice did put the sins on the sacrifice and so upon Christ so the laying on of hands did put the service upon the Levites see Numb 3.7 Numb 8.18 19. and herein there is a parity for the service of the Ministery is the service of the Church and the Officers which the Church hath performs it for the Church and the Church when she puts her hands upon the Officers puts the service upon the Officers and yet this reason would neither have been good then in the presence of the Officers had there not been a speciall reason for it nor is it good now when the Church hath Officers because the Officers are to transact her affaires for her If the people did ordain the Levites Answer I am sure they did not choose them If this be a binding pattern you will loose Election while you contend for popular ordination Such a sleight conclusion will not so soon wring away election from the people Reply We have examples enough in the new Testament for such a priviledge to settle it upon them more firmly then so We need not fly to
foundationalls of the Church of Ephesus which were about twelve the number in the first beginning of the greatest Church was small enough in comparison Acts 1.15 p. 9 POS. 3. A visible Church in the new Testament consists of no more in number then may meet in one place in one Congregation 1 Cor. 11.20 14.23 p. 13 POS. 4. A visible Charch in the new Testament is not Nationall as the Jewes was hence we reade of the Churches of Galatia Macedonia Judea not Church of Galatia 1 Cor. 16.1 2 Cor. 8.1 p. 21 POS. 5. When a visible Chuch is to be erected the matter of it should be visible Saints and Believers 1 Cor. 1.2 p. 31 POS. 6. The form of a Church is the gathering together of these visible Saints and combining and uniting them into one body by the form of a holy Covenant Deut. 29.1.10 11 12. by which is plainly shewed that a company of people become Gods people that is a Church by entring into Covenant with God If it be said they were a Church before yet that was when the Church of the Jewes was constituted in Abrahams Family by Covenant p. 37 POS. 7. Every Member at his admission doth promise to give himself as to the Lord to be guided by him so to the Church to be guided by them which is no more then the Members of the Church of Macedonia did in a parallel case 2 Cor. 8.5 p. 44 POS. 8. This particular Congregation is a Church before it have Officers Acts 2.47 p. 45 POS. 9. She hath also full and free power to choose her own Officers without the help of Synod Classis or Presbyterie Act. 1.15 6.3 14.23 p. 46 POS. 10. The particular Congregation though they want Officers have power and authority to ordain Officers as the children of Israel did put their hands upon the Levites Numb 8.9 10. p. 52 POS. 11. When the Apostles were sent out by Christ there was no mention of Ordination in that Commission of theirs but only of teaching and baptizing Mar. 16.15 Mat. 28.19 20. If ordination of Ministers had been such a speciall work there would belike have been some mention of in in their Commission p. 56 POS. 12. The Church hath power to censure her Officers if she see just occasion Col. 4.17 p. 58 POS. 13. These Officers are to be maintained by contribution every Lords Day 1 Cor. 16.1 p. 60 POS. 14. The great Mountain burning with fire cast into the Sea upon the sounding of the second Trumpet Rev. 8.8 9. is applied by some good Writers to those times in which Constantine brought settled endowments into the Church p. 68 POS. 15. There must be in the Church Teachers distinct from Pastors as Apostles are distinct from Euangelists Ephes 4.11 p. 69 POS. 16. This particular Congregation is Sion which God loveth and he hath promised to be present Mat. 18.20 p. 71 POS. 17. So long as a Believen doth not joyn himself to some particular Congregation he is without in the Apostles sense 1 Cor. 5.12 p. 74 POS. 18. The Elders are not Lords over Gods heritage 1 Pet. 5.3 nor do exercise authority as the Kings and Princes of the earth do remembring our Saviours lesson Mat. 20.25 26. Luke 22.25 26. p. 78 POS. 19. The Power of Government is expresly given to the Church where we are bidden Hear the Church which is a particular Congregation Mat. 18. p. 85 POS. 20. Matth. 16.19 Christ directeth his Speech not to Peter alone but to all the Disciples also for to them all was the Question propounded by Christ vers 15. Nor to them as generall Officers of the Churches for that Commission was not yet given them but as Disciples and Believers p. 90 POS. 21. 1 Cor. 5. Paul himself though an extraordinary Officer yet would not take upon him to excommunicate the incestuous person without the Church but sends to them exhorting them to do it and reproves the Brethren of the Church of Corinth as well as the Elders that they did no sooner put him away p. 95 POS. 22. The Lord Jesus reproving the Angel of Pergamus for suffering Balaamites sends his Epistle not only to the Angel but to the Church The Spirit saith not only to the Angel but to the churches Rev. 2.11 And the Church-members are seen by John in a vision sitting on Thrones clothed with white raiment having on their heads crownes of gold Rev. 4.14 Now thrones and crownes are Ensignes of Authority and governing power p. 101 POS. 23. The particular Congregation takes Christ for her only spirituall Prophet Priest and King Deut. 18.15 Acts 7.37 Psal 110.4 Heb. 5.4 Isa 9.6 7. Rev. 15.3 p. 104 POS. 24. Christ left but one way of Discipline for all churches which in the Essentialls of it is unchangeable and to be kept till the appearing of Christ 1 Tim. 6.13 14. p. 107 POS. 25. The Church or the Ministers thereof must not be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1 Pet. 4. And therefore the Minister must not perform a Ministeriall act to another Congregation Acts 20.28 1 Pet. 5.1 2. p. 111 POS. 26. Gifted men viz. so reputed by competent Judges though not called to the Ministery nor intended for it may preach They that were scattered abroad upon the Persecution which arose about Stephen were not Church-officers at least not all of them yet these men did preach the Word and Philip which was but a Deacon preached without the calling or privity of the Apostles Acts 11.19 8.14 p. 118 POS. 27. Jehosaphat sent Princes who were neither Ministers nor intended so to be to teach with the Priests and Levites viz. at least to incourage the people to hearken to the Priests and Levites 2 Chron. 17.7 8 9. as Jehosaphat did 2 Chron. 20.20 yea and was their mouth to God in Prayer vers 2.5 to 13. As we conceive something in that prophesying 1 Cor. 1.4 to be extraordinary so we conceive it to be ordinary that some private men grown Christians of able gifts who may have received a gift of Prophecy need no more extraordinary calling for them to Prophesie in the Churches then for Jehosaphat and his Princes to prophesie in the Church of Israel p. ibid. A Defence of certain Positions and Scriptures against an examination thereof by R.H. in which they are charged to be faultie POSITION I. GAthering of Churches in the Name of Christ See almost the same Argument verbatim in answer from New England to 32. q. p. 35. and setting up of Church-Ordinances cannot be unlawfull for want of a Commandement from Man as appeareth by the Doctrine and Practice of the Apostles Acts 4.19 5.29 THe Apostles never taught or practised to gather or separate some Christians from others one part of this true Church Answer and another part of that especially persons which themselves converted not to make a purer Church neither with nor without the Magistrates Authority THe Apostles both taught and practised the separating of some Jewes