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A70779 A treatise of oaths containing several weighty reasons why the people call'd Qvakers refuse to swear : and those confirmed by numerous testimonies out of Gentiles, Jews and Christians, both fathers, doctors and martyrs : presented to the King and great council of England, assembled in Parliament. Penn, William, 1644-1718.; Richardson, Richard, 1623?-1689.; Parker, Alexander, 1628-1689.; Whitehead, George, 1636?-1723. 1675 (1675) Wing P1388; ESTC R17219 94,426 174

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be_v polycarpus_n reason_n why_o do_v he_o not_o rather_o say_v the_o law_n of_o god_n forbid_v swear_v by_o idol_n it_o be_v certain_a the_o first_o christian_n will_v not_o swear_v but_o think_v polycarpus_n answer_n security_n enough_o to_o they_o that_o demand_v their_o oath_n he_o refuse_v all_o oath_n as_o a_o christian_a therefore_o say_v he_o be_v a_o christian_a be_v reason_n sufficient_a why_o he_o will_v not_o take_v that_o oath_n justin_n martyr_n apol._n 2._o pro_fw-la christianis_fw-la ad_fw-la anton._n pium_fw-la op_n p._n 63._o xxxii_o it_o be_v some_o time_n before_o his_o suffer_v that_o justin_n martyr_n who_o be_v the_o first_o we_o find_v write_v of_o it_o publish_v a_o apology_n for_o the_o christian_n in_o the_o year_n 150._o as_o himself_o say_v and_o a_o second_o after_o that_o wherein_o he_o tell_v we_o after_o the_o doctrine_n of_o his_o master_n that_o we_o shall_v not_o swear_v at_o all_z but_o always_o speak_v the_o truth_n he_o that_o be_v christ_n have_v thus_o command_v swear_v not_o at_o all_o but_o let_v your_o yea_o be_fw-mi yea_o and_o your_o nay_o nay_o and_o what_o be_v more_o than_o these_o be_v of_o evil._n see_v his_o praise_n and_o martyrdom_n in_o eusebius_n soon_o after_o polycarpus_n 16._o euseb_n eccl._n hist_o lib._n 5._o c._n 1._o xxxiii_o under_o the_o same_o emperor_n say_v eusebius_n suffer_v also_o ponticus_n of_o fifteen_o year_n of_o age_n and_o blandina_fw-la a_o virgin_n with_o all_o kind_n of_o bitter_a torment_n the_o tormentor_n now_o and_o then_o urge_v they_o to_o swear_v which_o they_o constant_o refuse_v euseb_n ibid._n lib._n 6._o cap._n 4._o xxxiv_o and_o in_o the_o next_o emperor_n reign_n basilides_n a_o soldier_n of_o authority_n among_o the_o host_n be_v appoint_v to_o lead_v potamiena_n to_o execution_n and_o by_o she_o convince_v of_o the_o truth_n in_o christ_n be_v
since_o there_o may_v be_v some_o truth_n and_o sincerity_n we_o can_v but_o acknowledge_v and_o embrace_v and_o we_o hope_v the_o reason_n and_o authority_n of_o other_o they_o bring_v and_o the_o concession_n and_o confession_n they_o make_v may_v and_o indeed_o aught_o to_o be_v of_o weight_n in_o that_o point_n at_o least_o to_o show_v that_o it_o be_v no_o new_a strange_a or_o unreasonable_a thing_n for_o we_o to_o refuse_v oath_n and_o though_o some_o might_n with_o a_o mixture_n of_o superstition_n and_o will-worship_n undertake_v and_o maintain_v that_o strictness_n and_o preciseness_n which_o some_o of_o the_o holy_a ancient_n by_o the_o spirit_n of_o truth_n be_v lead_v to_o practice_v the_o ancient_a history_n of_o who_o from_o eye-witness_n as_o the_o word_n signify_v etc._n of_o some_o of_o they_o we_o in_o a_o great_a part_n believe_v and_o some_o late_a more_o enlighten_v and_o zealous_a man_n take_v offence_n thereat_o but_o especial_o at_o the_o hypocrisy_n and_o abomination_n palliate_v by_o such_o fair_a pretence_n have_v strain_v much_o in_o opposition_n to_o that_o evangelical_n doctrine_n yet_o be_v the_o doctrine_n nevertheless_o a_o truth_n in_o itself_o nor_o can_v we_o believe_v that_o all_o that_o be_v account_v heretic_n be_v out_o of_o the_o catholic_n or_o universal_a church_n for_o the_o word_n catholic_n signify_v universal_a contain_v all_o that_o be_v in_o the_o church_n that_o be_v in_o god_n the_o father_n of_o the_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n in_o all_o time_n 1.1_o and_o those_o be_v not_o all_o of_o the_o same_o mind_n in_o all_o thing_n 3.15_o as_o may_v be_v read_v in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n and_o also_o in_o eusebius_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a history_n where_o man_n be_v commend_v for_o holiness_n and_o virtue_n 9_o yet_o at_o much_o difference_n in_o some_o thing_n synesius_n though_o he_o believe_v not_o the_o resurrection_n be_v choose_v to_o minister_v and_o afterward_o be_v make_v a_o bishop_n the_o charity_n of_o christian_n be_v so_o great_a in_o that_o age._n and_o some_o account_v heretic_n suffer_v martyrdom_n that_o be_v commend_v or_o excuse_v by_o eusebius_n ●5_n one_o in_o particular_a that_o die_v with_o polycarpus_n and_o another_o call_v asclepius_n call_v marcionites_n see_v also_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o eight_o book_n concern_v the_o division_n among_o they_o that_o afterward_o suffer_v for_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o universal_a or_o catholic_n truth_n nor_o can_v we_o receive_v their_o judgement_n that_o brand_v those_o with_o the_o name_n of_o heretic_n he_o pelagian_n etc._n etc._n who_o deny_v swear_v in_o those_o decline_a age_n and_o suppress_v their_o work_n under_o that_o name_n and_o aspersion_n only_o not_o allow_v they_o to_o speak_v for_o themselves_o to_o we_o of_o latter_a time_n we_o see_v how_o unjust_o we_o ourselves_o be_v asperse_v in_o almost_o every_o doctrine_n we_o hold_v and_o that_o under_o pretence_n of_o serve_v god_n particular_o with_o seek_v to_o work_v our_o salvation_n by_o our_o own_o power_n and_o when_o they_o have_v make_v we_o this_o belief_n they_o bestow_v pelagianism_n upon_o it_o for_o father_n have_v right_o to_o name_v their_o own_o child_n whereas_o of_o all_o other_o people_n we_o especial_o disclaim_v our_o own_o ability_n and_o wait_v to_o be_v renew_v and_o guide_v by_o the_o spirit_n of_o christ_n and_o to_o be_v find_v in_o his_o righteousness_n and_o therefore_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n repute_v fanatic_n enthusiast_n etc._n etc._n and_o mock_v for_o be_v move_v by_o the_o spirit_n follow_v the_o light_n etc._n etc._n but_o let_v their_o example_n or_o authority_n be_v as_o it_o will_v or_o however_o they_o be_v in_o other_o respect_n the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o ancient_a primitive_a father_n and_o practice_n of_o that_o church_n as_o also_o the_o doctrine_n of_o famous_a man_n among_o themselves_o neither_o of_o which_o sort_n dare_v they_o condemn_v for_o heretic_n do_v sufficient_o defend_v they_o from_o the_o aspersion_n of_o heresy_n in_o that_o particular_a and_o so_o we_o shall_v come_v to_o our_o remain_a testimony_n it_o be_v our_o business_n not_o to_o maintain_v every_o one_o of_o their_o principle_n we_o cite_v but_o this_o doctrine_n of_o swear_v not_o at_o all_o to_o have_v have_v the_o voice_n of_o several_a age_n to_o confirm_v it_o the_o ancient_a waldenses_n repute_v to_o have_v continue_v uncorrupted_a with_o the_o grossness_n of_o the_o apostasy_n ever_o since_o the_o apostle_n time_n see_v their_o history_n in_o p._n perin_n s._n moreland_n and_o bp_o usher_n de_fw-fr success_n we_o have_v good_a cause_n to_o say_v deny_v the_o take_n of_o any_o oath_n in_o what_o sense_n the_o primitive_a christian_n and_o father_n refuse_v success_n and_o that_o be_v altogether_o sure_o their_o enemy_n charge_v they_o with_o it_o for_o above_o three_o hundred_o year_n and_o we_o can_v find_v they_o then_o deny_v the_o charge_n we_o suppose_v none_o will_v attempt_v to_o prove_v they_o do_v though_o one_o of_o our_o adversary_n join_v with_o they_o traduce_v they_o for_o perjurer_n and_o with_o they_o abuse_v that_o worthy_a and_o learned_a man_n bp._n usher_n who_o defend_v they_o from_o that_o improbable_a and_o contradictory_n aspersion_n of_o lie_v and_o forswear_n and_o yet_o of_o deny_v to_o swea●_n who_o say_v that_o they_o be_v as_o far_o from_o lie_v and_o forswear_n as_o their_o enemy_n be_v from_o modesty_n and_o truth_n which_o do_v appear_v in_o that_o they_o be_v charge_v by_o they_o not_o to_o swear_v at_o all_o peruse_v that_o part_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr successione_n where_o he_o treat_v of_o they_o and_o where_o also_o you_o may_v read_v of_o their_o succession_n how_o that_o the_o syrian_n &_o armenian_n come_v out_o of_o the_o east_n into_o thracia_n thence_o in_o process_n of_o time_n into_o bulgaria_n and_o sclavonia_n thence_o into_o italy_n and_o lombary_n and_o be_v call_v by_o several_a name_n of_o several_a people_n or_o at_o several_a time_n as_o manichee_n waldenses_n albingenses_n cathari_n or_o puritan_n patrin_n publican_n humiliati_fw-la etc._n etc._n who_o be_v charge_v with_o deny_v swear_v and_o how_o that_o several_a of_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o of_o the_o noble_a laity_n who_o refuse_v the_o present_a use_n of_o baptism_n and_o the_o lord_n supper_n be_v burn_v under_o the_o name_n of_o manichees_n suarez_n also_o reckons-up_a the_o catharist_n 2._o alba._n bagnald_n and_o other_o which_o prateolus_n and_o castro_n relate_v the_o waldenses_n the_o anabaptist_n etc._n etc._n and_o which_o jansenius_n also_o out_o of_o augustine_n epist_n 89._o the_o pelagian_n out_o of_o hilary_n syracusanus_n epist_n 88_o bernard_n homil_n 69._o on_o cant._n the_o father_n say_v he_o seem_v to_o favour_v this_o opinion_n especial_o basil_n hom_n in_o psal_n 14._o chrysostom_n hom_n 19.78_o ad_fw-la popul_n and_o 17._o on_o mat_n and_o theophylact_fw-mi on_o mat._n 5._o origen_n tract_n 35._o mat._n tertullian_n the_o idololat_a clem._n rom._n l._n 6._o constitut_n apost_n maldonat_fw-la on_o mat._n 5.34_o say_v the_o anabaptist_n the_o wickliffist_n some_o syracusan_n a_o kind_n of_o pelagian_n deny_v swear_v and_o that_o origen_n be_v not_o far_o off_o that_o opinion_n here_o the_o heretic_n as_o account_v and_o the_o father_n be_v reckon_v up_o together_o as_o hold_v the_o same_o opinion_n sure_a in_o this_o they_o be_v not_o heretic_n for_o then_o the_o father_n shall_v be_v condemn_v with_o they_o and_o call_v heretic_n too_o as_o well_o as_o they_o or_o else_o these_o man_n be_v partial_a and_o contradictory_n on_o jam._n 5._o of_o the_o word_n of_o the_o apostle_n thus_o ser._n 30._o perhaps_o it_o be_v meet_v for_o the_o lord_n alone_o to_o swear_v who_o can_v forswear_v and_o so_o he_o go_v on_o to_o show_v how_o hard_o it_o be_v for_o man_n to_o avoid_v perjury_n in_o serm._n 3_o ad_fw-la competentes_fw-la let_v they_o not_o only_o abstain_v from_o perjury_n but_o from_o swear_v because_o he_o do_v not_o lie_v who_o say_v a_o man_n swear_v much_o shall_v not_o depart_v from_o iniquity_n and_o the_o plague_n shall_v not_o depart_v from_o his_o house_n eccles_n 23._o but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o august_n act_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n he_o will_v on_o the_o contrary_n have_v exhort_v at_o least_o if_o not_o command_v they_o to_o swear_v which_o we_o never_o read_v any_o command_n for_o but_o in_o opposition_n to_o idol_n even_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o old-testament-writing_n as_o the_o testimony_n before_o allege_v declare_v and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o new_a no_o command_n at_o all_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a a_o prohibition_n by_o the_o lord_n himself_o and_o another_o by_o his_o apostle_n nor_o any_o example_n for_o that_o of_o paul_n be_v but_o a_o asseveration_n as_o by_o the_o testimony_n already_o produce_v and_o to_o be_v allege_v appear_v for_o beside_o
operibus_fw-la spiritus_fw-la sancti_fw-la fol._n 453._o baptista_n folengius_n on_o psal_n 15._o nic._n lyra_n and_o ordinary_a gloss_n on_o mat_n 5._o patrum_fw-la lxxviii_o euthymius_n zagabonus_n on_o matth._n 5._o p._n 43._o say_v thus_o again_o you_o have_v hear_v that_o it_o have_v be_v say_v to_o they_o of_o old_a time_n thou_o shall_v not_o forswear_v etc._n etc._n but_o i_o say_v unto_o you_o swear_v not_o at_o all_o etc._n etc._n now_o the_o old_a law_n say_v thou_o shall_v not_o forswear_v but_o shall_v offer_v to_o the_o lord_n thy_o oath_n which_o he_o add_v that_o he_o may_v put_v fear_n into_o the_o swearer_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o forswear_v know_v that_o god_n which_o know_v all_o thing_n undertake_v the_o oath_n but_o i_o say_v unto_o you_o swear_v not_o at_o all_o for_o he_o that_o easy_o swear_v sometime_o perchance_o may_v forswear_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o swear_v but_o he_o that_o swear_v by_o no_o mean_n will_v never_o forswear_v beside_o thou_o that_o swear_v so_o be_v thou_o do_v not_o forswear_v thou_o observe_v the_o worship_n of_o god_n but_o swear_v by_o no_o mean_n thou_o do_v promote_v it_o and_o the_o other_o be_v the_o part_n of_o mean_a and_o imperfect_a philosophy_n but_o this_o of_o that_o which_o be_v the_o high_a and_o perfect_a the_o other_o thou_o shall_v not_o forswear_v be_v write_v in_o the_o book_n of_o exodus_fw-la but_o this_o thou_o shall_v restore_v to_o the_o lord_n thy_o oath_n in_o the_o book_n of_o deuteronomy_n but_o in_o other_o word_n now_o he_o command_v this_o lest_o they_o shall_v swear_v by_o god_n of_o a_o false_a name_n again_o not_o to_o swear_v and_o not_o to_o require_v a_o oath_n come_v to_o the_o same_o thing_n for_o how_o can_v thou_o induce_v thy_o brother_n unto_o that_o which_o thou_o avoide_v thyself_o if_o so_o be_v that_o thou_o be_v a_o lover_n of_o thy_o brother_n and_o not_o rather_o of_o money_n nor_o by_o heaven_n for_o it_o be_v the_o throne_n of_o god_n etc._n etc._n lest_o they_o shall_v think_v that_o he_o forbid_v to_o swear_v by_o god_n only_o in_o say_v by_o god_n he_o add_v also_o other_o kind_n of_o oath_n by_o which_o then_o the_o jew_n do_v swear_v for_o he_o that_o swear_v by_o these_o thing_n swear_v again_o by_o god_n who_o fill_v these_o thing_n and_o rule_v they_o for_o they_o have_v these_o thing_n in_o honour_n for_o he_o and_o not_o for_o themselves_o for_o he_o say_v by_o the_o prophet_n heaven_n be_v my_o throne_n and_o the_o earth_n be_v my_o footstool_n the_o prophet_n manifest_v by_o this_o that_o god_n fill_v all_o thing_n do_v not_o i_o fill_v heaven_n and_o earth_n david_n also_o say_v the_o city_n of_o the_o great_a king_n neither_o by_o thy_o head_n therefore_o thou_o shall_v not_o swear_v the_o mean_a oath_n i_o say_v even_o by_o thy_o own_o head_n lest_o thou_o proceed_v to_o great_a or_o by_o any_o other_o manner_n for_o the_o creature_n be_v also_o the_o possession_n of_o god_n and_o again_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v by_o god_n who_o have_v it_o the_o creature_n in_o his_o power_n for_o although_o it_o the_o head_n be_v make_v thou_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o thy_o work_n which_o be_v manifest_a from_o this_o that_o thou_o can_v not_o make_v one_o hair_n white_a or_o black_a but_o let_v your_o word_n be_v yea_o yea_o nay_o nay_o etc._n etc._n let_v your_o speech_n be_v when_o you_o affirm_v yea_o and_o when_o you_o deny_v nay_o and_o use_v only_o these_o for_o or_o instead_o of_o oath_n to_o confirmation_n and_o no_o other_o than_o yea_o and_o nay_o what_o be_v adjoin_v beside_o these_o he_o call_v a_o oath_n quest_n but_o if_o a_o oath_n be_v of_o the_o devil_n how_o do_v the_o old_a law_n permit_v 〈◊〉_d answ_n because_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o live_a creature_n be_v also_o of_o evil_a and_o by_o the_o deceit_n of_o idol_n yet_o the_o law_n permit_v they_o because_o of_o the_o weakness_n infirmity_n of_o the_o hebrew_n for_o whereas_o they_o be_v glutton_n and_o smell-feast_n they_o love_v the_o sacrifice_n of_o idol_n and_o whereas_o also_o they_o be_v unbelieving_a they_o also_o love_v a_o oath_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o afterward_o either_o sacrifice_n to_o idol_n or_o swear_v by_o idol_n the_o law_n permit_v they_o to_o sacrifice_v and_o to_o swear_v and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n else_o of_o that_o kind_n they_o transfer_v all_o unto_o god_n now_o it_o be_v to_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o in_o process_n of_o time_n he_o will_v cut_v off_o these_o thing_n also_o by_o a_o more_o sublime_a law_n to_o be_v bring_v in_o because_o it_o be_v good_a for_o infant_n to_o be_v suckle_v but_o for_o man_n it_o be_v very_o unfit_a there_o we_o allow_v this_o to_o they_o that_o live_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o infant_n but_o we_o withdraw_v or_o prohibit_v they_o that_o be_v manly_a from_o it_o quest_n what_o then_o be_v to_o be_v do_v if_o any_o require_v a_o oath_n yea_o compel_v to_o swear_v answ_n let_v the_o fear_n of_o god_n be_v more_o forcible_a than_o this_o compulsion_n or_o necessity_n and_o choose_v rather_o to_o suffer_v all_o thing_n then_o to_o transgress_v the_o command_n since_o in_o every_o precept_n force_n and_o violent_a danger_n will_v often_o meet_v with_o thou_o and_o unless_o thou_o esteem_v the_o command_n of_o god_n every_o where_o more_o forcible_a all_o thing_n will_v depart_v from_o thou_o void_a and_o unperformed_a in_o the_o follow_a passage_n the_o lord_n say_v the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n suffer_v violence_n and_o the_o violent_a take_v it_o by_o force_n lxxix_o oecumenius_n a_o famous_a greek_a writer_n about_o ann._n 1070._o write_v on_o jam._n 5.12_o thus_o but_o some_o will_v say_v if_o any_o be_v force_v to_o swear_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v we_o say_v that_o the_o fear_v of_o god_n shall_v be_v strong_a than_o the_o force_n of_o he_o that_o compel_v but_o some_o may_v doubt_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o grace_n do_v not_o command_v this_o as_o do_v the_o old_a law_n afford_v praise_n to_o he_o that_o do_v swear_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n we_o say_v the_o old_a law_n lead_v the_o jew_n not_o to_o swear_v by_o devil_n appoint_v to_o swear_v by_o god_n as_o it_o command_v they_o to_o sacrifice_v draw_v they_o from_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o idol_n or_o devil_n but_o when_o it_o have_v sufficient_o teach_v they_o to_o have_v a_o religious_a respect_n to_o god_n than_o it_o reject_v sacrifice_n as_o unprofitable_a seek_v not_o a_o sacrifice_n by_o beast_n but_o a_o break_a spirit_n that_o be_v a_o sweet_a whole_a burnt-sacrifice_n inflame_v by_o the_o fire_n of_o love_n that_o you_o fall_v not_o into_o hypocrisy_n so_o some_o copy_n have_v it_o for_o the_o word_n in_o greek_a be_v something_o alike_o hypocrisy_n he_o say_v or_o condemnation_n which_o follow_v they_o that_o swear_v without_o spare_v and_o through_o the_o custom_n of_o oath_n be_v carry_v out_o to_o forswear_v the_o word_n hypocrisy_n signify_v thus_o much_o that_o which_o be_v one_o thing_n appear_v another_o how_o 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