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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A14399	Concerning the excommunication of the Venetians a discourse against Cæsar Baronius Cardinall of the Church of Rome In which the true nature and vse of excommunication is briefly and cleerly demonstrated, both by testimonies of Holy Scripture, and from the old records of Christs Church. Written in Latine by Nicolas Vignier, and translated into English after the copie printed at Samur 1606. Whereunto is added the Bull of Pope Paulus the Fift, against the Duke, Senate and Commonwealth of Venice: with the protestation of the sayd Duke and Senate. As also an apologie of Frier Paul of the order of Serui in Venice.; De Venetorum excommunicatione, adversus Caesarem Baronium. English	Vignier, Nicolas.; Sarpi, Paolo, 1552-1623. Apologia per le oppositioni fatte dall'illustrissimo & reverendissimo signor cardinale Bellarminio alli trattati, et risolutioni di Gio. Gersone. English.; Baronio, Cesare, 1538-1607. Duo vota. English.; Catholic Church. Pope (1605-1621 : Paul V); Venice (Republic : to 1797). Doge (1606-1612 : Donato)	1607 (1607)	STC 24719; ESTC S120778	41,133	78

Concerning the Excommunication of the Venetians A DISCOVRSE Against CAESAR BARONIVS Cardinall of the Church of ROME In which the true nature and vse of Excommunication is briefly and cleerly demonstrated both by Testimonies of Holy Scripture and from the old Records of Christs Church Written in Latine by NICOLAS VIGNIER and translated into English after the Copie printed at Samur 1606. Whereunto is added the Bull of Pope PAVLVS the Fift against the Duke Senate and Commonwealth of VENICE With the protestation of the sayd Duke and Senate As also an Apologie of Frier PAVL of the Order of Serus in VENICE LONDON Printed by M. B. for C. B. and are to be sold in Pauls Church-yard at the signe of the White-swan 1607. CAESAR BARONIVS his aduice vnto Pope PAVL the Fift to excommunicate the Venetians PEters office Holy Father is twofold To Feed and to Kill for the Lord said vnto him a Ioh. 21.15 Feede my sheepe and he heard a voice from heauen b Act. 10.13 Kill and Eat To Feede the sheepe is with care to watch ouer the faithfull and obedient Christians resembling Sheep and Lambes in all humility and religious piety When he hath to do not with Sheepe and Lambes but Lions and like beasts of fierce natures refractary stubborne and disobedient then Peter hath charge to Kill that is to resist fight against and root out such and that such killing should euer be in Charity he is willed to Eat that which he had slaine in effect through that Loue which he beares to them in Christ to lay them vp within him euen in his owne bowels that In Christ we may be c Galat. 3.28 one which is the Apostles owne saying d Philip. 1.8 I long after you in the bowels of Christ And so this killing is not Cruelty but Piety and syncere Charity When so by killing he saueth that which by being suffered so to liue had otherwise perished for euer And therefore as Pope Nicolas the first sheweth Excommunication is not a poison to kill but rather a e Potion Receit to recure And we see that a Father thinks well of those bands wherewith the Physitian hath bound his franticke sonne because he hopeth it will doe him good Go on then on Gods name most holy Father in your course begun and suppose not that any man can iustly tax your too great hastines in these proceedings That which S. Paul hath written to his brethren f 2. Cor. 10 6. the Corinthians that the Church is ready to reuenge all disobedience is a Command that the Church should bee forward to do it Your Holinesse happily hath beene too backward as yet not proceeding farther then to write For my owne part I professe I am glad and reioice in my spirit nay I will say with the Apostle I do g 2. Cor. 7.4 Ouer-abound in ioy seeing I see now in my h The man is about 68. years old Gregory 7. Hilachrand Alexander 3. Vide Plat. decrepit age to sit on Peters seat Gregory or Alexander the first two liuely roots from whence the dead Church-liberty began to reuiue both called from Siena the place from whence i Being named before his Papacy Camillo Borghese of Siena your Holinesse is extract to the Chaire of Peter Of which two the one gat the better of the Emperour k Henry the 4. Henry a most wilfull and peruerse man and the other by his incredible strange constancy vtterly vanquished l Frederick Barboros s a. Frederick Your Holinesse hath the like cause now in hand In your hands to borow the m Esay 3.6 Prophets words these ruines lie to reedifie the Liberty of the Church fallen downe deiected and laid low on the Earth Aduance with victory that attends you For God is with vs n Matth. 16.18 The gates of hell they be Christs wordes shall not preuaile against you You are placed in the Church Peters successor and haue the promise made to him Let corne be giuen them out of the rocke and as it is in the Prophecy of Ieremy I haue made thee a o Ier. 1.28 piller of iron and a wall of brasse Remember you are placed as p Esay 8 a rocke in the Church on which all that stumble shall be dashed in pieces But you shall continue without hurt ioined close and vnited vnto Christ who shall fight for you ouercome THE ANSWER OF NICOLAS VIGNIER vnto Caesar Baronius Nicolaus de Clamengis libro de ruina reparatione ecclae IT is an ancient speech vsed by one who was not vnacquainted with the dealings of Rome That were a Painter desirous to draw the picture of Pride his best course were to represent a Cardinall If a modest man and inwardly familiar with some Popes themselues had iust cause thus to write two hundred yeeres since how much more iustly doth it sute these times in which they want neither high-swelling wordes nor detestable impieties to effect and bring about their wicked designes Very lately there flew abroad into the world a certaine writing from Cardinall Baronius concerning the excommunicating the State of Venice directed vnto Pope Paul the fift In which the truth is so cleerly euidenced that though a man would deny the Sunne to shine at noone yet could hee not at all deny it So liuely and in such a plain sort doth the man paint out himselfe his Colleagues that in them you would sweare you saw Pride herselfe What leaueth he vndone or vnattempted to set vp his Iuppiter Capitoline an Idoll to be adorned in the place of Christ And what I pray you be his meanes Surely the same and no other whereby that Angell of darknesse deceiueth the simple counterfeiting himselfe an Angell of light For so crafty is that blood-sucker Sathan that he neuer appeareth in his natiue shape but putteth on the person of another So he assaied and deceiued Saul 1. Sam. 28.14 in apparition of graue and holy Samuel So seduced he Abab by the mouth of his Prophets 1. Reg. 22.22 So he drowned many of the Iewes in the Sea taking vpon him to lead them in the likenesse of Moses So in like sort at this day he exciteth and eggeth forward Paul the fift chiefe Bishop on earth Vicar of Christ Successor of Peter Prince of Prelates King of Kings Lord of Lords Father of Fathers head of the Church the essentiall forme of Iustice the Spouse of Christ the Christ of God as they instile him to commit murthers wage warres become an Incendiarie be the subuertor and ruiner of the state of Venice the most noble and auncient Common-wealth of the world and that in the person of a reuerend old man clad in scarlet robes a Cardinall of marke famous for learning pretending nothing but alone the word of God Peters office as you say Holy Father is twofold to Feed and to Kill Diuinitie not drempt of by our Predecessors Peters office is to Feed

doe with his owne mother sister gossip or kinswoman gross 5. Absolution for him that hath killed his father mother sister brother or other of his kin if he be a lay man for were any of them a Clergy man the murtherer must be tied to visit in person the Apostolick sea gross 6. or 7. at most Absolution for a woman which hath taken downe any potion whereby to destroy the Infant conceiued within her gross 5. Not to runne vpon particulars no sinne so enormous but with mony may be wiped out without mony no remission For as the old rhythme hath it The Court of Rome but for the fleece Seekes not the sheepe at all Opening the doore to all that giue But th● emptie stand and call Or if you had rather heare the Taxing of the Apostolique Chancery thus saith that booke Note you diligently that such graces and indulgences be neuer granted vnto poore men who because they are not cannot be comforted These are not those times you shall know wherein it was easier for a Camell to passe thorow the eie of a needle than for a rich man to enter into the kingdome of Heauen But these are golden daies indeed in which Heauen is purchased by gold and shut against the poore man because he hath no gold to buy it To the purpose Papall Excommunication is commonly grounded vpon these or such like causes Priuate Hatred The Popes Credulitie or else Ambition Paschall the Second Pope of that name when Henrie the Fift Emperour Elect came as the manner was to Rome to receiue the Imperiall Crowne of the Popes hand raised such hurlies against his Prince as put him to stand vpon the guard of his life and brought him to the hazard of his State When matters were taken vp and pacified and the Emperour and Pope agreed together the Pope gaue his word not to assay to doe ought which any way might preiudice the Imperiall Maiestie secondly to returne backe againe the right which they had in bestowing of Bishopricks For farther confirmation of which protestation when hee receiued the Sacrament with the Emperor hee is said to haue vsed this execration Let him so be diuided from the Kingdome of Christ that shall go about to break this agreement as this part of that life-giuing body is diuided And yet for all this scarse had the Emperor gone out at the City gates when as the faithlesse and treacherous Pope reuersed whatsoeuer hee did before cast Excommunication out against the Emperour and set new worke in hand against him A●bas Vrsperg in P●●lippo Innocent the 111. dealt as sluttishly with the Emperor Philip denouncing him Excommunicate for no cause else but for pretence of his Predecessors cruelty And when the newes was brought him of the mans election to the Empire hee brake out into these franticke and bedlome speeches Either shall the Pope take Crowne and Kingdome from Philip or Philip from the Pope his Apostolicall honor It is impossible to summe vp into a breuiarie the froward and tyrannicall Popish designs and practise against Emperours and Kings Princes and Magistrates only two examples shall be all I will touch which both euince his great abuse of Excommunication and touch the Venetians more neere than any else discouering the long since practised tyranny of the Popes against them At Auinion where it was for 70. yeeres and more Pope Clement the fift who kept his Court * in France vnderstanding the Venetians had taken in Ferrara presently vpon the newes became stark mad and without delay thundred out his Excommunication against them giuing leaue vnto any man by faire meanes or soule to kill as many as hee could Pabel Lib. 7. Decad. 9. beeing now iudged enemies of the Romane church and cast forth from the communion of the faithfull Supplementum Chronichorum giuing libertie vnto all Christians whosoeuer to arrest the Venetians wheresoeuer they met them to confiscate their goods sell their bodies as slaues in the markets which turned so farre vnto their losse and detriment that the State could not trade nor negotiate with any strangers at all till at length Francis Dandalo being sent vnto France from the Senate vnto the Pope and with much adoe admitted vnto his presence putting an iron chaine vpon his necke lay vnder his table as a suppliant so long till he got this vngentle Clement to yeeld to let fall his moodinesse and restore the Venetians to their former state For which hee was after that called the Dogge because as a dogge he lay chained vnder the Popes dining table The second example is of Pope Sixtus the Fourth who proclaimed warres against the King of Naples for helping Hercules of Este Duke of Ferrara against the Venetians whom the Pope did abet in that quarrell with his spiritual and temporall forces Platina in vita Sixti 4. But after their agreement with King Ferdinand the same man with the power of Appulia set vpon the same Venetians whom he before had fauoured and not content stirred vp against them the Princes of Italie as many as hee could Supplementum Chronicorum sentenced them with his Spirituall curse depriued them of all their whatsoeuer Dominions to the vtmost extent of his power Neither in his life time could they obtaine to be released hauing not any cause or pretext for his doings more than that hee feared their growing too great would put himselfe and other Italian Princes to haue cause to looke neere vnto themselues This was in his time a most holy Father Petro à Ruuiere Ioan Textor Wessel Gron de Indulgent whose base borne sonne a worthie Impe of such a Sire Peter Cardinall Priest of Rome Patriarch of Constantinople Legat a Latere for the Pope prodigally stantinople Legat a Latere for the Pope prodigally lauished in two yeeres space 300000. duckats in luxurie and vaine expenses who also together with the Cardinall Saint Lucy interceded with his Father for themselues and their families to haue male stewes permitted them the three hottest moneths of the yeere and had a grant from that most holy Father Sixtus with this clause Be it vnto you as you desire But it will be replied It is a new world now and other manners are now in vse And this new world begun and hallowed with their Iubilies not at Rome alone but euerie Hamlet and Village vnder Romane obeisance hath brought vs new causes of Excommunication But pardon mee The grounds vpon which the Venetians bee excommunicate are not any whit better than those wee haue rehearsed For neither is I trow the State of the Romish religion in hazard there whereto the Venetians are most zealously inclined nor yet that obedience due as they call it to the Apostolique Sea from which they professe and protest vnto the world they detract not any thing which is theirs by diuine right Neither is it any question of manners after which though neuer so corruptly depraued the Pope makes no inquisition at al. But

Auarice vnsatiable which prouided and stored vp heaps of coine to maintaine the premised brauerie or at least if that needed not to feede their eies and giue them content in viewing the stamp of their come To fulfill the behest of these Lordes and accomplish all their desires the golden age of Saturne whereof the Poets fable would vneth suffice if againe the world might behold such times And because not any though neuer so fatte a Bishopricke is able sufficiently to content these three Harpyes they haue bethought them of other helps and furtherances in the case For the Popes perceiuing how that the profits and reuenues of the Romane Bishoprick the Patrimonie of Saint Peter greater than kingdomes though none indeed very much impaired by their negligence would not bee inough to maintaine the credit and height of that State which they as Emperors and kings of Nations were determined to exalt therfore they haue intruded vpon other mens flocks which broght forth yong in multitudes yelded plenty of wool milk Thus you see the causes which moued the Popes to trie so many waies to bring them in treasure abusing their office and pastorall charge in euery particular point thereof as if Christ had commanded them not to feed the flocke but to fleece them to flea them to bowell them to eat them For to begin with their incroachments they haue not onely seised the creation of Bishops and collations of all Ecclesiasticall dignities into their owne hands abolishing the ancient right of elections but to speake in the phrase of Nic. de Clamengijs that the golden currents might flow more abundantly from all partes of the world into their Court they haue debard depriued all Diocesans Patrons of their right of presētation or any way disposing of their benefices forbidding vpon pain of their curse see what vse they make of excommunication that they be not so presumptuously bold for in such termes their rescripts do run as to institute any man vnto any benefice vnder their charge vntill those were prouided for euery man or did refuse to accept that benefice vnto whom they had giuen any aduousins themselues in reuersion Since which time good God what swarmes haue there been in all places at all times of those that haue gaped for such presentations Men taken not from the study or from the schooles but from the plough and manuary trades to haue charge of soules and pastorall cares committed vnto them Men that vnderstood the Arabian tongue aswell as they did the Latin a perfect patern of our times that could hardly read nay more I am ashamed to speake it not able to know A from B. And these exactions not yet sufficing to satiate the rauen of the Romish Popes and Cardinals The words at creation of a Cardinall be Esto Princeps mundi frater noster ten thousand shifts were yet further inuented to get and heape money vnto their cofers whereof this is no place to speake For the Colledge of Cardinals growing daily greater the burthen grew greater vpon all countries Because it it was held an absurd thing that such as were aduanced to that place in the Church as to bee fellowes vnto kings should not bee prouided in answerable sort but stand as hungry and starueling mercenaries So that to maintaine and beare out this pride all States both Temporall and Ecclesiasticall were oppressed From hence came the retaining of so many benefices and preferments in nature repugnant one to another while the same man is both a Moncke and a Canon Regular and Secular vnder one seuerall hab it hauing enioying the Rights Degrees Offices Benefices of all Religions Orders Professions Insomuch as that speech spoken of the Iesuites A Iesuit is a man of all professions may better be fitted vnto the Cardinals Peter of Aliaco Cardinall of Cambray in his booke of Reforming the state of the Church which he wrot and presented to the Councell of Constance is very earnest to haue these abuses taken away where he calleth those Pluralities of Church-liuings a monstrous and many waies scandalous offence This is the cause why Iubilies and Indulgences be so dearely bought See the hundred grieuances of Germany grieu 3. that they draw foorth the gold godly life of whole kingdoms as the Princes States of Germany complained at the Diet at Norimberge in the yeare 1522. Their gold is purloined being by the impious Collectors of Rome transported out of the country into Rome godlinesse is banished and cleane extinct while men presuming vpon absolution let loose the reines of liberty vnto all impiety To conclude this bottomlesse pit of greedy desire hath sent foorth excommunications and cursings against Princes and Magistrates as may plainly bee euicted by these examples Gregory the ninth charged Frederic the Emperour that vpon paine of the churches censure he should with all expedition and possible speed Platina in the life of Gregory the ninth passe into Asia against the Infidels And because he was thought to make no very great haste as he had threatned he accursed him indeed Frederic appalled at this proceeding besought the Pope that he might be assoiled but could in no case obtaine it till he had paid in to the vie of the Church of Rome 120000. ounces of gold King Iohn of England standing excommunicate by Pope Innocent the 3. Paulus Aemilius Platina in the life of Innocent the 3. fearing the French King would get his kingdome from him whom the Pope had incited to warre against him that he might bee receiued into grace with his fatherhood was constrained to make England and Ireland his tributarie States and for them to pay yearely vnto Rome 100. markes of gold which Peter whose successour he vaunteth to bee I thinke would neuer haue done who so constantly refused Simon Magus money Thy money bee together with thee to perdition that supposest Gods gifts can be bought with money Their chaffaring of holy things so as they doe is proofe they succeed Simon not Peter but Magus And to draw all vnto an issue By a statute of 〈◊〉 as it were what other cause in truth is there now of this their contending with and excommunicating the State of Venice but this that the carefull wise Magistrate would restraine in some small measure that Romish rauin and insatiable rapine And so your Popes censure ô Baronius being clearely proued so many waies void ought not in any sort to be feared especially now in these daies of ours in which the light of the Gospell hath certainely disclosed what is the true vse of Excommunication which for so many ages past the Popes haue by exceeding strange illusions changed into a most impious tyranny Plinius lib. 8. ca. 16. They write that the Lion a fierce and cruell beast is exceedingly afraid of the running of cart wheeles and empty coatches but especially trembles at the sight of fire These Lions of Venice are not so who often heeretofore being deluded

the Prince of the Apostles and of our Chancery Apostolike and published in Campo de Flore as it hath beene accustomed haue as great force against the foresaid Duke and Senate and all other and you all in generall and euery one respectiuely as if they had beene personally addressed intimated and presented to euery one of them and you Giuen at Rome at S. Peters Sous l'aneau du pescheur the seuenteenth of April 1606. and the first yeare of our Popedome M. Vestrius Barbianus THE PROTESTATION OF the Duke and Senat of Venice against the Bull of Pope PAVL the Fift LEONARD DONAT by the grace of God Duke of Venice to the most Honourable Patriarches Archbishops Bishops Abbats Priors Rectors of parish Churches and other Prelates Ecclesiasticall throughout our Common wealth and Seigniory of Venice Salutations We are giuen to vnderstand that by commandement of our most holy Father Paul the Fift a certaine Briefe hath beene thundred and published at Rome the 17. of Aprill last past against our person the Senat and Seigniory and sent to you to bee published in our townes and territories of our obedience and subiection And because wee who are bound to preserue the tranquillity and peace of the State and gouernment to the which we are ordeined and appointed by God and to maintaine the authority of our Common wealth which besides the Maiestie Diuine acknowledgeth no Superiour in matters Temporall we protest by these presents before God and the whole world that wee haue omitted nothing of that which belonged to vs to make knowen to his holinesse the iustice and equitie of our lawes as well by our Ambassador ordinary at Rome and by letters by the which wee haue sufficiently answered to the former Briefes to vs directed as also by another Ambassadour extraordinarie sent by vs of purpose for this businesse But hauing vnderstood that his holinesse hath from time to time set light by our remonstrances without giuing audience vnto our most iust reasons hath decreed this briefe against all right against that which holy Scripture the doctrine of the holy Fathers sacred Canons do teach in preiudice of that power secular which God hath giuen into our hands and of the libertie of our common-wealth to the end to molest and trouble not without great scandall the life the goods and honors which our faithfull subiects do peaceably and quietly enioy vnder our authoritie we make no doubt to esteeme the said Briefe as vnlawfull and in it selfe void as well in fact and deed as in law and therfore haue thought it necessarie to take those remedies which our predecessors and other Princes of Christendome haue vsed against the Popes when they haue exceeded their power assuring our selues that you and other our faithfull subiects and all the world will so iudge thereof And as hitherto you haue diligently looked to the cure of the soules of our subiects and carefully trauelled to keepe the seruice of God in his integritie that heereafter you will continue in the same dutie of true and good pastors considering that our intention is to persist in the holie Catholique and Apostolique faith and euermore to continue in the reuerence accustomed towards the holy Church of Rome so we command you that you cause to be affixed these presents in the most open places of this town and others of our obedience to the end they may come to the knowledge of all our subiects and of all those that haue heard of the foresaid briefe so that it may come to the eares of our holy Father whose vnderstanding we desire God by his holy Spirit so to illighten that he may see the nullitie of all that he hath done against vs and that hauing vnderstood the iustice and equitie of our cause he giue vs cause to continue in the obseruance and respect which our predecessors and all the common-wealth haue hitherto rendred to the Sea Apostolique whereto they haue alwaies shewed themselues most affectionate Giuen in our Pallace the 16. of May Indiction the fourth the yeere of our Lord 1606. FATHER PAVLS Apologie for his not appearing at Rome being called thither by citation To the right Honourable Lords and most reuerend Fathers Pinello Ascalano S. Cecilie de Ciury Blanchetto Arigonio Bellarmino Sappata de Bubalis Monopolitano Cardinals of the most holy Church of Rome named Inquisitors Generall Most Noble and Reuerend Lords I Frier Paul a Venetian of the order of Seruants appeare before you by these letters and most humbly and submissiuely intreat that ye would reuoking those things that are inacted against mee in your congregations daine to accept and admit vnto due examination those my exceptions against them For about the twentieth day of September it was decreed in your congregation that a certaine booke composed by me in Italian thus intituled Considerations vpon the censure of the holinesse of Pope Paul the Fift against the renowmed Common wealth of Venice should not bee diuulged abroad or read or yet retained by any one which had it Neither also one other booke intituled An Apology for the oppositions of the renowmed and reuerend Lord Cardinall Bellarmine to the treatises and resolutions of Iohn Gerson touching the validity of excommunication Neither yet one other booke composed by me with sixe other bearing this inscription A tractate of the interdict of the holinesse of Pope Paul the Fift with some other bookes of the same Argument composed by others with all other which should afterward be published of that argument for that many things were found in them very rashly deliuered calumnious scandalous seditious scismaticall erroneous and hereticall respectiuely In the next place the thirtieth day of the moneth of October a Citation was decreed against me with Commandement that it should bee hanged in the Court at Rome with the penalty of Excommunication the sentence being denounced against me as also of perpetuall infamie and depriuation from all and singular offices and dignities and other penalties inflicted by the Canoicall constitutions and to be imposed at your pleasure that I should within the space of twentie and foure dayes appeare in mine owne person and not by a proctor to giue an account of my faith and to purge my selfe from all crimes obiected against me for that it was obiected by and vnder the lawfull oath of men of credit and manifest by other proofes that there was no safe accesse to be made vnto me as it is reported to be conteined more fully and more at large in the foresaid decrees and edicts imprinted to which c. Truely most Reuerend Lordes I am readie according to the commandement of Saint Peter to render an account of that faith and hope whereby I liue to euerie one which demandeth it and doe constantly affirm that a publique examination of our faith is most profitable and necessarie in the Church to the intent that we may not be carried about with euerie wind of doctrine and that we may not be deceiued at vnawarres