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cause_n work_n work_v year_n 66 3 4.4387 3 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A91783 The logicians school-master: or, A comment upon Ramus logick. By Mr. Alexander Richardson, sometime of Queenes Colledge in Cambridge. Whereunto are added, his prelections on Ramus his grammer; Taleus his rhetorick; also his notes on physicks, ethicks, astronomy, medicine, and opticks. Never before published. Richardson, Alexander, of Queen's College, Cambridge.; Thomson, Samuel, fl. 1657-1666. 1657 (1657) Wing R1378; Thomason E1603_2; ESTC R203419 285,683 519

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which_o work_v a_o effect_n but_o non_fw-la sva_fw-la facultate_fw-la but_o be_v move_v by_o some_o other_o thing_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o work_v after_o a_o sort_n sva_fw-la facultate_fw-la but_o not_o sva_fw-la facultate_fw-la if_o we_o respect_v the_o effect_n as_o fire_n dry_v a_o cloth_n by_o remove_v the_o moisture_n and_o so_o leave_v the_o cloth_n dry_a which_o drought_n be_v in_o the_o cloth_n ut_fw-la in_o his_o quae_fw-la fiunt_fw-la necessitate_v vel_fw-la fortuna_fw-la necessitate_v cum_fw-la efficiens_fw-la vi_fw-la cogitur_fw-la ad_fw-la effectum_fw-la here_o we_o see_v a_o necessity_n in_o invention_n which_o be_v all_o one_o with_o coaction_n by_o fortuna_fw-la we_o be_v to_o understand_v the_o special_a providence_n of_o god_n or_o ignorance_n of_o the_o next_o cause_n for_o ignorance_n of_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n in_o all_o thing_n and_o of_o the_o next_o cause_n have_v cause_v that_o man_n say_v what_o fortune_n have_v i_o when_o they_o be_v cross_v in_o play_n or_o such_o like_a now_o necessity_n answer_v to_o nature_n cum_fw-la efficiens_fw-la cogitur_fw-la so_o that_o this_o necessity_n here_o be_v a_o coaction_n and_o yet_o be_v it_o efficiens_fw-la tho_o vi_fw-la cogitur_fw-la cogitur_fw-la when_o as_o the_o work_n of_o it_o per_fw-la se_fw-la be_v rather_o of_o some_o other_o thing_n now_o the_o same_o thing_n in_o one_o respect_n may_v be_v causa_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la and_o in_o another_o respect_n causa_fw-la per_fw-la accidens_fw-la for_o they_o be_v but_o modi_fw-la vi_fw-la externa_fw-la ad_fw-la effectum_fw-la so_o that_o it_o do_v it_o not_o natura_fw-la or_o consilio_fw-la object_n why_o say_v he_o effectum_fw-la rather_o than_o res_fw-la answ_n all_o come_v to_o one_o for_o he_o mean_v res_fw-la neither_o do_v he_o define_v effectum_fw-la here_o here_o he_o mean_v violence_n not_o that_o vis_fw-la in_o causa_fw-la this_o vis_fw-la do_v not_o work_v the_o effect_n but_o work_v upon_o the_o cause_n and_o be_v that_o facultas_fw-la whereof_o he_o speak_v before_o qualis_fw-la est_fw-la pompeianorum_n excusatio_fw-la at_o mihi_fw-la quidem_fw-la ait_fw-la orator_n si_fw-la proprium_fw-la &_o verum_fw-la nomen_fw-la etc._n etc._n before_o he_o say_v he_o be_v causa_fw-la consilio_fw-la of_o go_v with_o pompey_n against_o caesar_n he_o say_v he_o be_v compel_v fatali_fw-la necessitate_v and_o hither_o belong_v fatum_fw-la in_o school_n fortuna_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la per_fw-la accidens_fw-la quando_fw-la praeter_fw-la etc._n etc._n our_o author_n before_o do_v tell_v we_o of_o fortuna_fw-la in_o the_o ablative_a case_n here_o he_o put_v it_o in_o the_o nominative_a because_o fortune_n be_v a_o principal_a cause_n of_o that_o effect_n that_o another_o do_v per_fw-la accidens_fw-la the_o argue_v we_o ascribe_v it_o to_o fortune_n and_o say_v fortune_n do_v it_o so_o that_o our_o author_n will_v have_v we_o consider_v first_o that_o it_o be_v fortune_n do_v it_o second_o that_o it_o take_v away_o the_o title_n of_o do_v it_o from_o he_o that_o do_v it_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la that_o be_v work_v externa_fw-la facultate_fw-la now_o whereas_o he_o say_v he_o do_v it_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la he_o mean_v fortune_n as_o it_o be_v common_o take_v when_o we_o make_v she_o blind_v not_o see_v what_o she_o do_v for_o hence_o it_o do_v arise_v when_o we_o do_v not_o a_o thing_n by_o counsel_n but_o ●ab_v nab_n as_o they_o say_v that_o cause_v we_o to_o make_v fortune_n blind_a quando_fw-la aliquid_fw-la accidit_fw-la that_o be_v happen_v for_o here_o it_o be_v principal_a the_o improvidence_n as_o it_o be_v he_o neither_o see_v himself_o a_o cause_n neither_o do_v he_o see_v who_o be_v the_o cause_n and_o therefore_o he_o say_v accidit_fw-la not_o efficit_fw-la for_o he_o say_v i_o do_v it_o not_o so_o again_o ask_v he_o who_o do_v it_o and_o ●e_n will_v say_v i_o know_v not_o so_o that_o accidere_fw-la be_v the_o special_a efficere_fw-la of_o this_o modus_fw-la praeter_fw-la scopium_fw-la efficientis_fw-la fortune_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v oppose_v to_o counsel_n which_o evermore_o have_v a_o scope_n whereat_o it_o level_v now_o when_o any_o thing_n happen_v praeter_fw-la scopum_fw-la it_o be_v fortuna_fw-la we_o say_v now_o thing_n in_o nature_n may_v have_v a_o scope_n which_o be_v beyond_o their_o nature_n and_o then_o it_o be_v fortuna_fw-la so_o that_o praeter_fw-la scopum_fw-la be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o shall_v have_v say_v praeter_fw-la scopum_fw-la fortunae_fw-la if_o it_o be_v causa_fw-la fortuna_fw-la or_o praeter_fw-la scopum_fw-la naturae_fw-la if_o it_o be_v causa_fw-la natura_fw-la sic_fw-la pheraeo_n jasoni_fw-la profuit_fw-la hostess_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o his_o enemy_n go_v about_o to_o kill_v he_o heal_v he_o in_o hoc_fw-la genere_fw-la causarnm_fw-la imprudentia_fw-la connumerari_fw-la solet_fw-la imprudentia_fw-la be_v one_o modus_fw-la of_o fortune_n as_o here_o cur_n aliquid_fw-la vidi_fw-la cur_n noxia_fw-la lumina_fw-la feci_fw-la cur_n imprudenti_fw-la cognita_fw-la culpa_fw-la mihi_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n i_o unaware_o have_v see_v that_o which_o have_v do_v i_o harm_n then_o ovid_n be_v causa_fw-la per_fw-la accidens_fw-la of_o work_v that_o effect_n he_o shall_v not_o so_o actaeon_n be_v causa_fw-la inscius_fw-la of_o see_v diana_n wash_v herself_o and_o here_o ovid_n reason_n a_o simile_n as_o actaeon_n be_v tear_v in_o piece_n of_o his_o dog_n for_o see_v diana_n unaware_o so_o be_o i_o banish_v for_o see_v that_o i_o will_v scilicet_fw-la in_o superis_fw-la etiam_fw-la fortuna_fw-la luenda_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o mean_v augustus_n so_o if_o a_o man_n go_v forth_o and_o a_o tile_n fall_v from_o a_o house_n and_o break_v his_o head_n this_o be_v causa_fw-la fortuna_fw-la it_o be_v natura_fw-la as_o it_o break_v his_o head_n be_v hard_a than_o his_o head_n and_o fortuna_fw-la as_o it_o hit_v he_o and_o consilio_fw-la it_o break_v his_o head_n if_o it_o be_v fling_v for_o it_o have_v a_o scope_n true_a it_o be_v nothing_o but_o counsel_n have_v his_o end_n in_o its_o intendment_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n but_o have_v his_o end_n of_o the_o effect_n it_o work_v hinc_fw-la sumitur_fw-la deprecatio_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o our_o author_n say_v before_o accidit_fw-la therefore_o we_o be_v cause_n ergo_fw-la it_o ought_v to_o be_v pardon_v deprecatio_fw-la be_v from_o this_o manner_n of_o work_v fortuna_fw-la so_o they_o will_v say_v he_o be_v a_o proper_a man_n but_o have_v no_o luck_n fortunae_fw-la autem_fw-la nomen_fw-la ignorantia_fw-la causarum_fw-la confinxit_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o ramus_n do_v commorari_fw-la in_o the_o name_n lest_o he_o shall_v be_v mistake_v it_o be_v a_o unchristian_a word_n it_o be_v ignorance_n not_o only_o as_o it_o be_v oppose_v to_o counsel_n but_o as_o it_o be_v unknown_a to_o the_o thing_n that_o work_v by_o fortune_n many_o other_o modi_fw-la there_o be_v among_o other_o logician_n all_o which_o may_v be_v bring_v hither_o as_o causa_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v either_o causa_fw-la necessitate_v or_o efficiens_fw-la in_o genere_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v causa_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la if_o he_o shall_v say_v anger_n do_v it_o than_o there_o be_v a_o trope_n in_o it_o as_o when_o i_o say_v he_o write_v i_o mean_v his_o pen_n write_v if_o i_o say_v he_o write_v with_o his_o pen_n than_o i_o make_v he_o causa_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la if_o i_o say_v he_o write_v he_o be_v efficiens_fw-la now_o for_o the_o order_n of_o cause_n one_o efficient_a may_v be_v cause_n of_o another_o efficient_a etc._n etc._n and_o so_o causa_fw-la causae_fw-la be_v causa_fw-la causati_fw-la but_o this_o will_v fail_v as_o when_o i_o look_v at_o a_o child_n and_o commend_v he_o from_o his_o grandfather_n not_o respect_v the_o mean_a cause_n there_o be_v not_o causa_fw-la causae_fw-la but_o causa_fw-la causati_fw-la so_o when_o i_o say_v he_o come_v of_o scipio_n etc._n etc._n hactenus_fw-la de_fw-fr efficiente_a and_o this_o we_o must_v always_o look_v at_o first_o in_o artificio_fw-la rei_fw-la moreover_o observe_v here_o in_o every_o thing_n the_o manner_n of_o work_v for_o so_o god_n be_v say_v to_o do_v some_o thing_n necessitate_v as_o when_o we_o say_v he_o do_v that_o he_o will_v not_o though_o he_o will_v it_o in_o another_o sense_n and_o fortuna_fw-la as_o man_n fall_n be_v praeter_fw-la sc●pum_fw-la legis_fw-la chap._n vi_o de_fw-fr materia_fw-la materia_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la ex_fw-la qua_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n and_o his_o manner_n of_o move_v in_o that_o work_n of_o he_o now_o these_o be_v essential_a to_o logic_n because_o in_o the_o very_a manner_n there_o lie_v the_o force_n of_o the_o argument_n and_o whatsoever_o have_v reason_n belong_v to_o logic_n many_o distinction_n there_o be_v among_o the_o logician_n all_o which_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o these_o that_o of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d they_o say_v be_v that_o efficient_a cause_n that_o work_v internal_o the_o
physician_n call_v it_o causa_fw-la evidens_fw-la and_o meat_n and_o drink_v be_v causa_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o a_o disease_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v that_o cause_n that_o work_v external_o the_o physician_n call_v it_o causa_fw-la continens_fw-la but_o here_o be_v no_o distinction_n of_o cause_n neither_o have_v these_o quatenus_fw-la causae_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d any_o force_n to_o argue_v the_o effect_n but_o only_o quatenus_fw-la efficiens_fw-la whereas_o we_o hear_v in_o every_o special_a modus_fw-la of_o ramus_n that_o they_o do_v press_v the_o effect_n strong_o as_o do_v thou_o kill_v thy_o father_n or_o do_v thou_o it_o alone_o etc._n etc._n so_o also_o in_o causa_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la and_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la there_o be_v great_a difference_n in_o argue_v a_o conclusion_n if_o he_o do_v it_o natura_fw-la there_o be_v no_o rebuke_v of_o that_o for_o it_o be_v from_o his_o nature_n if_o he_o sin_v by_o counsel_n the_o punishment_n be_v so_o much_o the_o great_a if_o he_o do_v it_o well_o consilio_fw-la he_o deserve_v the_o more_o praise_n fortuna_n indeed_o be_v such_o a_o cause_n as_o it_o be_v not_o a_o cause_n by_o ramus_n definition_n for_o fortune_n be_v but_o god_n providence_n unknown_a now_o if_o there_o be_v any_o other_o respect_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o will_v fall_v to_o the_o same_o with_o causa_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la now_o we_o come_v to_o materia_fw-la that_o as_o we_o have_v hear_v have_v a_o community_n with_o the_o efficient_a which_o community_n be_v to_o move_v with_o it_o a_o great_a while_n before_o the_o form_n and_o end_v come_v so_o soon_o as_o the_o efficient_a move_v present_o the_o matter_n move_v but_o the_o form_n and_o end_n move_v not_o a_o good_a while_n after_o now_o because_o this_o difference_n which_o cause_v the_o distribution_n of_o causa_fw-la appear_v in_o great_a thing_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v also_o in_o less_o thing_n but_o our_o logic_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o efficient_a must_v go_v before_o the_o matter_n and_o how_o agreeable_a do_v our_o logic_n go_v to_o god_n work_n in_o the_o creature_n if_o we_o shall_v take_v a_o thing_n and_o resolve_v it_o into_o his_o cause_n and_o make_v they_o effect_n and_o look_v at_o their_o cause_n for_o so_o when_o we_o look_v at_o their_o cause_n we_o make_v they_o effect_n so_o that_o absurd_a be_v that_o definition_n of_o causa_fw-la to_o be_v either_o go_v before_o or_o concomitans_fw-la to_o the_o effect_n at_o last_o we_o shall_v come_v to_o a_o first_o efficient_a that_o have_v nihil_fw-la prius_fw-la to_o he_o ergo_fw-la he_o be_v not_o make_v ergo_fw-la he_o ever_o be_v ergo_fw-la all_o other_o thing_n once_o be_v not_o for_o they_o be_v make_v ergo_fw-la they_o now_o be_v be_v from_o the_o first_o ergo_fw-la the_o first_o matter_n be_v not_o eternal_a as_o aristotle_n dream_v but_o indeed_o he_o will_v cross_v plato_n in_o what_o he_o can_v yet_o one_o may_v confute_v he_o by_o his_o own_o rule_n for_o he_o grant_v there_o be_v a_o primus_fw-la motor_n ergo_fw-la he_o be_v movens_fw-la but_o not_o move_v for_o than_o he_o shall_v have_v some_o thing_n to_o move_v he_o and_o so_o not_o be_v first_o ergo_fw-la it_o be_v easy_a to_o make_v aristotle_n believe_v he_o be_v immovable_a because_o he_o be_v first_o ergo_fw-la he_o must_v move_v other_o only_o for_o he_o be_v infinite_a ergo_fw-la without_o limit_n of_o place_n ergo_fw-la in_o every_o place_n ergo_fw-la nusquam_fw-la inclusus_fw-la or_o exclusus_fw-la ergo_fw-la unmoveable_a now_o the_o first_o matter_n be_v first_o in_o his_o kind_n namely_o the_o first_o matter_n but_o not_o the_o first_o thing_n and_o we_o may_v conclude_v from_o this_o that_o the_o first_o efficient_a be_v before_o the_o first_o matter_n for_o if_o both_o be_v first_o neither_o be_v first_o for_o if_o the_o one_o shall_v say_v he_o be_v first_o the_o other_o will_v say_v nay_o i_o be_o as_o forward_o as_o thou_o and_o so_o there_o will_v be_v none_o absolute_o first_o and_o again_o one_o be_v before_o two_o ergo_fw-la he_o that_o be_v absolute_o first_o can_v be_v but_o one_o materia_fw-la for_o his_o name_n as_o efficiens_fw-la be_v extrafaciens_fw-la move_v all_o the_o rest_n and_o not_o move_v of_o they_o but_o as_o it_o be_v pater_fw-la so_fw-mi materia_fw-la be_v quasi_fw-la mater_fw-la out_o of_o which_o the_o thing_n spring_v as_o out_o of_o a_o mother_n so_o that_o we_o may_v see_v the_o name_n to_o be_v give_v a_o simili_fw-la but_o yet_o with_o very_o good_a reason_n as_o the_o child_n be_v not_o a_o patre_fw-la but_o of_o the_o mother_n so_o the_o effect_n be_v from_o the_o efficient_a but_o spring_v out_o of_o the_o matter_n now_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o matter_n thus_o it_o may_v appear_v there_o be_v nothing_o compose_v but_o its_o essence_n and_o itself_o a_o distinct_a for_o to_o make_v essentia_fw-la and_o ens_fw-la to_o be_v the_o same_o be_v peculiar_a to_o god_n again_o whatsoever_o be_v finite_a that_o may_v be_v limit_v in_o his_o essence_n now_o god_n only_o be_v infinite_a and_o every_o other_o thing_n finite_a ergo_fw-la may_v be_v define_v ergo_fw-la itself_o and_o its_o essence_n be_v distinct_a ergo_fw-la it_o must_v have_v a_o matter_n again_o if_o every_o thing_n have_v not_o essence_n as_o they_o speak_v of_o angel_n why_o be_v not_o they_o finite_a ergo_fw-la they_o may_v be_v define_v ergo_fw-la their_o essence_n and_o themselves_o be_v distinct_a again_o if_o they_o have_v not_o a_o matter_n what_o have_v they_o nothing_o but_o a_o efficient_a and_o a_o end_n then_o they_o shall_v be_v imperfect_a and_o be_v either_o the_o first_o matter_n or_o the_o first_o form_n again_o if_o they_o have_v a_o form_n and_o no_o matter_n than_o this_o form_n must_v be_v another_o thing_n from_o they_o and_o how_o be_v that_o possible_a for_o if_o the_o form_n and_o they_o be_v all_o one_o than_o the_o cause_n and_o effect_n will_v be_v the_o same_o but_o logic_n be_v a_o general_a art_n and_o because_o every_o thing_n have_v a_o matter_n ergo_fw-la materia_fw-la belong_v hither_o and_o the_o first_o matter_n have_v not_o a_o matter_n for_o than_o it_o shall_v not_o have_v be_v first_o but_o be_v incomplete_a materia_fw-la est_fw-la for_o it_o give_v esse_fw-la and_o as_o the_o force_n of_o the_o efficient_a be_v requisite_a for_o the_o esseficate_a of_o the_o thing_n so_o the_o matter_n much_o more_o for_o not_o only_o its_o esse_fw-la but_o its_o nature_n and_o self_n couch_v in_o the_o effect_n and_o make_v a_o bulk_n and_o if_o the_o vis_fw-la of_o the_o efficient_a be_v essential_a because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o essefication_n of_o the_o effect_n without_o it_o much_o more_o must_v the_o matter_n be_v essential_a for_o if_o we_o take_v away_o the_o matter_n we_o take_v away_o both_o the_o force_n and_o the_o thing_n itself_o now_o we_o must_v understand_v 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res_fw-la est_fw-la that_o effect_n as_o we_o shall_v hear_v hereafter_o for_o in_o this_o doctrine_n of_o causa_fw-la effectum_fw-la be_v the_o aliquid_fw-la which_o we_o must_v call_v res_fw-la till_o we_o come_v to_o it_o est_fw-la every_o cause_n give_v a_o esse_fw-la to_o the_o effect_n and_o this_o esse_fw-la be_v the_o bulk_n of_o it_o and_o from_o whence_o arise_v the_o greatness_n or_o littleness_n of_o the_o effect_n by_o the_o form_n now_o it_o be_v a_o great_a question_n in_o school_n whether_o the_o matter_n do_v any_o thing_n indeed_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o efficient_a it_o be_v patience_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o effect_n it_o do_v causare_fw-la and_o so_o do_v agere_fw-la for_o if_o it_o be_v a_o effect_n in_o respect_n of_o every_o cause_n than_o every_o cause_n be_v after_o a_o sort_n the_o efficient_a of_o that_o
method_n there_o come_v to_o be_v contiguity_n of_o every_o thing_n so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v vacuum_n for_o then_o the_o world_n shall_v not_o be_v one_o and_o so_o we_o shall_v make_v two_o world_n and_o make_v nothing_o something_o and_o though_o god_n wisdom_n power_n and_o other_o attribute_n be_v and_o in_o god_n yet_o he_o will_v have_v they_o appear_v instar_fw-la omnium_fw-la and_o to_o be_v sufficient_a for_o all_o thing_n and_o so_o he_o make_v they_o many_o to_o show_v the_o variety_n of_o this_o wisdom_n now_o again_o as_o they_o be_v many_o in_o themselves_o yet_o they_o must_v be_v but_o one_o to_o show_v that_o the_o variety_n of_o this_o wisdom_n be_v but_o one_o in_o he_o and_o they_o be_v in_o one_o method_n and_o so_o make_v one_o world_n so_o we_o say_v in_o logic_n and_o it_o be_v sometime_o true_a that_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o effect_n be_v like_a and_o so_o be_v god_n and_o the_o world_n so_o the_o world_n be_v but_o one_o and_o be_v round_o as_o be_v 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god_n but_o acknowledge_v the_o principia_fw-la to_o be_v cause_n of_o thing_n and_o give_v they_o their_o effect_n for_o they_o say_v in_o that_o such_o quality_n such_o a_o thing_n it_o be_v from_o god_n but_o as_o a_o man_n do_v write_v with_o pen_n so_o god_n have_v make_v a_o creature_n which_o work_v of_o itself_o even_o as_o the_o pen_n write_v but_o be_v govern_v by_o god_n even_o as_o the_o pen_n by_o the_o writer_n so_o that_o nature_n work_n be_v when_o the_o two_o cause_n do_v work_v according_a to_o god_n logicum_fw-la artificium_fw-la and_o nature_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o natural_a effect_n and_o be_v to_o be_v distinguish_v from_o god_n so_o that_o here_o we_o see_v the_o disposition_n and_o order_n of_o every_o thing_n so_o when_o i_o see_v a_o tree_n bring_v forth_o fruit_n i_o conclude_v there_o be_v logic_n and_o yet_o neither_o tree_n nor_o fruit_n have_v reason_n ergo_fw-la there_o be_v one_o great_a that_o have_v reason_n which_o methinks_v be_v sufficient_a to_o convert_v any_o atheist_n and_o from_o this_o order_n of_o thing_n come_v contiguity_n for_o there_o must_v be_v no_o vacuum_n as_o before_o since_o that_o will_v be_v a_o breach_n of_o method_n so_o we_o see_v water_n and_o earth_n will_v go_v up_o even_o into_o the_o element_n of_o fire_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o unity_n of_o this_o world_n and_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o vacuum_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v something_o or_o nothing_o then_o in_o the_o world_n or_o out_o of_o the_o world_n if_o out_o of_o the_o world_n than_o it_o be_v not_o all_o thing_n if_o in_o the_o world_n than_o a_o part_n of_o the_o world_n then_o as_o before_o in_o ens_fw-la it_o shall_v be_v ens_fw-la if_o in_o the_o world_n and_o not_o ens_fw-la than_o the_o world_n must_v be_v two_o and_o from_o method_n it_o be_v that_o the_o loadstone_n desire_v to_o stand_v north_n and_o south_n and_o so_o do_v every_o thing_n yea_o natural_o not_o guide_v by_o counsel_n desire_v natale_fw-la solum_fw-la and_o when_o we_o do_v transplant_v tree_n it_o be_v a_o monster_n and_o against_o nature_n and_o so_o that_o one_o woman_n shall_v nurse_v a_o other_o woman_n child_n and_o one_o woman_n may_v have_v three_o child_n though_o she_o have_v but_o two_o dug_n so_o that_o she_o have_v milk_n for_o they_o and_o from_o sympathy_n it_o be_v that_o the_o iron_n go_v to_o the_o loadstone_n for_o it_o be_v his_o food_n ergo_fw-la his_fw-la preserve_v cause_n and_o the_o stone_n may_v act_v through_o a_o table_n for_o descensus_fw-la what_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o fire_n come_v down_o common_a philosopher_n ascribe_v it_o to_o plate_n which_o belong_v to_o subjectum_fw-la but_o it_o be_v place_n which_o be_v order_n and_o belong_v to_o method_n and_o that_o be_v the_o next_o cause_n though_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v as_o before_o ne_fw-la detur_fw-la vacuum_fw-la so_o when_o i_o cast_v a_o stone_n that_o it_o fly_v it_o be_v propria_fw-la forma_fw-la the_o reason_n why_o it_o fly_v from_o i_o be_v that_o it_o do_v pati_fw-la and_o ergo_fw-la do_v fly_v his_o enemy_n the_o common_a philosopher_n ascribe_v it_o to_o the_o air_n which_o in_o very_a deed_n do_v hinder_v it_o as_o themselves_o shall_v confess_v for_o cast_v a_o stone_n upward_o and_o when_o it_o fall_v down_o again_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n it_o move_v fast_o when_o it_o be_v near_o the_o centre_n than_o when_o it_o be_v far_o off_o but_o because_o when_o it_o be_v near_o the_o centre_n there_o be_v less_o resistance_n of_o the_o air_n than_o there_o be_v above_o so_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n we_o take_v force_v to_o strike_v with_o a_o axe_n and_o that_o go_v far_a than_o if_o we_o set_v it_o upon_o a_o thing_n and_o lay_v great_a weight_n on_o it_o because_o the_o wood_n can_v resist_v the_o axe_n well_o enough_o now_o we_o lift_v up_o our_o hand_n because_o all_o the_o vital_a spirit_n in_o the_o leg_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n come_v to_o enable_v that_o part_n which_o act_v most_o and_o the_o high_a it_o go_v the_o more_o forcibl_o it_o come_v for_o that_o it_o be_v more_o able_a to_o resist_v the_o air_n as_o also_o there_o be_v a_o double_a motion_n natural_a and_o violent_a and_o it_o will_v come_v down_o more_o easy_o because_o it_o be_v a_o natural_a motion_n not_o upward_o so_o well_o because_o it_o be_v violent_a unto_o it_o so_o a_o thing_n that_o hang_v down_o that_o part_n move_v most_o which_o be_v far_a from_o the_o centre_n for_o that_o it_o suffer_v violence_n so_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o put_v salt_n beef_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o it_o will_v be_v fresh_a but_o put_v fresh_a in_o and_o it_o will_v be_v salt_n because_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o salt_n to_o constringe_v and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n salt_n beef_n occupi_v less_o place_n than_o fresh_a do_v now_o its_o pore_n be_v fill_v with_o salt_n the_o salt_n water_n can_v get_v in_o but_o only_o the_o fine_a water_n pierce_v in_o and_o so_o take_v away_o the_o salt_n but_o if_o it_o be_v fresh_a the_o pore_n be_v so_o open_a that_o the_o salt_n water_n enter_v in_o and_o so_o it_o become_v salt_n materiale_n est_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o naturâ_fw-la primum_fw-la substratum_fw-la and_o this_o be_v fons_fw-la passionis_fw-la formale_a est_fw-la essentia_fw-la in_o naturâ_fw-la prîmum_fw-la superstratum_fw-la as_o before_o and_o this_o be_v fons_fw-la actionis_fw-la and_o from_o these_o principia_fw-la many_o thing_n in_o nature_n may_v be_v make_v manifest_a as_o from_o hence_o thing_n natural_a have_v finitness_n of_o essence_n which_o belong_v to_o every_o nature_n and_o thence_o limit_n of_o quantity_n as_o the_o angel_n have_v and_o thence_o they_o be_v always_o under_o some_o figure_n thence_o also_o have_v they_o limit_n of_o place_n and_o so_o zanchius_n say_v a_o angel_n be_v in_o his_o own_o place_n again_o if_o every_o natural_a thing_n have_v these_o principia_fw-la then_o it_o be_v principiatum_fw-la ergo_fw-la this_fw-mi in_fw-la tempore_fw-la and_o have_v a_o beginning_n hence_o nature_n must_v have_v a_o efficient_a ergo_fw-la not_o eternal_a and_o this_o efficient_a only_o can_v turn_v the_o constant_a nature_n into_o nothing_o but_o they_o be_v not_o resolvable_a per_fw-la se_fw-la because_o they_o be_v proxima_fw-la to_o nothing_o in_o their_o kind_n otherwise_o if_o nature_n shall_v resolve_v they_o it_o can_v work_v a_o miracle_n which_o be_v above_o nature_n for_o nature_n find_v they_o create_v and_o must_v so_o leave_v they_o for_o creatio_fw-la and_o annihilatio_fw-la be_v not_o effect_n of_o nature_n but_o above_o it_o hence_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n can_v not_o be_v create_v by_o nature_n for_o then_o either_o of_o something_o or_o nothing_o not_o of_o nothing_o
true_a of_o the_o last_o end_n of_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v god_n for_o he_o be_v as_o we_o may_v say_v finis_fw-la communissimus_a ergo_fw-la optimus_fw-la efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la a_o qua_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v of_o causa_fw-la and_o of_o his_o kind_n and_o that_o they_o be_v disjoin_v by_o which_o mean_v there_o be_v make_v two_o couple_n of_o cause_n the_o two_o first_o work_v joint_o even_o as_o the_o other_o do_v efficiens_fw-la &_o materia_fw-la here_o be_v a_o second_o distribution_n and_o here_o the_o efficient_a be_v first_o for_o it_o be_v first_o eujus_fw-la vi_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la again_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o method_n it_o be_v first_o in_o nature_n because_o it_o give_v light_a to_o that_o which_o follow_v and_o that_o the_o efficient_a move_v first_o we_o see_v it_o in_o every_o thing_n he_o lay_v hold_v on_o the_o matter_n which_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o efficient_a be_v move_v and_o by_o a_o natural_a appetite_n move_v and_o run_v to_o make_v a_o effect_n of_o itself_o and_o do_v effect_v the_o effect_n as_o well_o as_o the_o efficient_a and_o that_o from_o the_o natural_a appetite_n it_o have_v to_o the_o effect_n but_o the_o mover_n or_o efficient_a be_v before_o the_o thing_n move_v and_o before_o the_o effect_n also_o efficiens_fw-la efficiens_fw-la quasi_fw-la exfaciens_fw-la move_v quite_o through_o for_o beside_o his_o first_o move_v as_o be_v the_o first_o cause_n he_o move_v also_o together_o with_o the_o matter_n form_n and_o end_n and_o his_o work_n with_o the_o rest_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o name_n est_fw-la every_o cause_n be_v require_v to_o the_o effect_n efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la ergo_fw-la again_o first_o there_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o mover_n to_o move_v the_o matter_n before_o there_o can_v be_v a_o table_n wrought_v this_o appear_v plain_o by_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n and_o because_o every_o thing_n be_v a_o effect_n therefore_o the_o efficient_a be_v the_o first_o cause_n for_o take_v any_o thing_n and_o you_o shall_v see_v the_o vis_fw-la of_o the_o efficient_a to_o run_v quite_o through_o the_o same_o so_o look_v into_o the_o world_n and_o every_o part_n thereof_o and_o you_o shall_v see_v god_n finger_n in_o every_o thing_n without_o which_o they_o can_v not_o be_v so_o that_o efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la and_o because_o a_o effect_n can_v be_v without_o its_o esse_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o be_v of_o the_o esse_fw-la of_o it_o a_o qua_fw-la from_o who_o it_o be_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v it_o be_v terminus_fw-la a_o quo_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o as_o the_o world_n begin_v with_o god_n so_o in_o every_o thing_n in_o nature_n the_o beginning_n of_o motion_n be_v first_o from_o the_o next_o cause_n so_o that_o efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la a_o qua_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o be_v the_o effect_n have_v res._n here_o res_fw-la be_v general_a as_o before_o to_o all_o the_o art_n and_o it_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o general_a arts._n ramus_n do_v not_o here_o break_v the_o rule_n of_o method_n not_o define_v what_o res_fw-la be_v again_o if_o he_o have_v say_v a_o qua_fw-la est_fw-la we_o shall_v have_v have_v reference_n to_o res_fw-la again_o if_o he_o have_v name_v effectum_fw-la it_o have_v be_v a_o posteriore_fw-la not_o have_v learn_v what_o effectum_fw-la est_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la this_o be_v general_a to_o every_o cause_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v teach_v in_o the_o definition_n of_o causa_fw-la in_o general_a but_o that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v so_o obscure_a he_o borrow_v some_o thing_n that_o go_v before_o for_o else_o the_o perfect_a definition_n have_v be_v efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la a_o qua_fw-la now_o this_o teach_v we_o to_o look_v first_o at_o the_o efficient_a in_o every_o thing_n for_o logic_n tell_v we_o not_o only_o of_o a_o esse_fw-la in_o general_n but_o of_o four_o several_a esses_fw-la from_o which_o existere_fw-la do_v arise_v as_o efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la a_o qua_fw-la materia_fw-la ex_fw-la qua_fw-la forma_fw-la per_fw-la quam_fw-la finis_fw-la cujus_fw-la gratia_fw-la why_o do_v he_o not_o say_v causa_fw-la est_fw-la cujus_fw-la vi_fw-la res_fw-la sit_fw-la because_o something_o may_v be_v a_o cause_n and_o yet_o be_v not_o but_o if_o it_o do_v causare_fw-la then_o it_o be_v a_o cause_n so_o if_o i_o say_v will_v do_v a_o thing_n and_o yet_o do_v it_o not_o yet_o be_o i_o a_o efficient_a for_o est_fw-la do_v here_o commend_v to_o we_o the_o adsignification_n of_o time_n but_o the_o essence_n that_o so_o soon_o as_o it_o begin_v to_o move_v so_o soon_o it_o be_v a_o efficient_a though_o the_o effect_n be_v not_o till_o the_o matter_n form_n and_o end_n be_v there_o cujus_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la vera_fw-la genera_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o ramus_n do_v commorari_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o those_o many_o species_n which_o the_o aristotelian_o make_v be_v not_o species_n but_o modi_fw-la 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thing_n efficient_a make_v it_o neither_o have_v it_o any_o species_n vbertas_fw-la tamen_fw-la per_fw-la magna_fw-la etc._n etc._n there_o be_v great_a and_o plentiful_a use_n of_o the_o efficient_a and_o as_o it_o be_v first_o of_o all_o so_o be_v it_o most_o general_a of_o all_o for_o matter_n can_v be_v a_o matter_n till_o the_o efficient_a move_v it_o and_o so_o of_o all_o other_o argument_n now_o these_o make_v cause_v the_o efficient_a to_o be_v commend_v or_o discommend_v and_o according_a to_o these_o modi_fw-la be_v the_o effect_n more_o or_o less_o argue_v as_o if_o a_o child_n kill_v his_o father_n it_o be_v parricide_n so_o if_o it_o be_v a_o good_a thing_n that_o be_v wrought_v by_o one_o alone_a he_o be_v more_o to_o be_v commend_v than_o if_o he_o have_v do_v it_o cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la aut_fw-la contra_fw-la again_o if_o a_o thing_n be_v do_v well_o natura_fw-la it_o be_v better_a than_o if_o it_o have_v be_v do_v necessitate_v and_o more_o commendable_a when_o a_o 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in_o the_o
you_o shall_v see_v a_o compose_a form_n so_o that_o the_o logician_n do_v not_o look_v at_o the_o outward_a face_n of_o a_o thing_n but_o at_o the_o inward_a essence_n here_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o deliver_v the_o form_n by_o many_o other_o argument_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v a_o description_n of_o forma_fw-la est_fw-la in_o secessu_fw-la longo_fw-la locus_fw-la ensula_fw-la portum_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o he_o have_v by_o the_o position_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o haven_n tell_v we_o the_o form_n of_o it_o chap._n viii_o de_fw-fr fine_a finis_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la cujus_fw-la gratia_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la we_o have_v go_v through_o the_o esse_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n we_o have_v but_o hear_v of_o three_o when_o the_o four_o come_v that_o make_v up_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o thing_n namely_o finis_fw-la finis_fw-la for_o the_o name_n it_o be_v borrow_v from_o geometry_n for_o that_o that_o be_v terminus_fw-la there_o be_v here_o call_v finis_fw-la and_o it_o be_v bring_v hither_o to_o signify_v that_o final_a cause_n that_o serve_v to_o make_v up_o the_o effect_n so_o that_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o we_o keep_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o esses_fw-la but_o it_o be_v not_o the_o last_o part_n and_o member_n thereof_o as_o they_o make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o last_o member_n of_o some_o whole_a as_o method_n be_v the_o last_o member_n of_o logic_n finis_fw-la be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o esse_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n not_o of_o the_o member_n of_o it_o now_o it_o be_v call_v finis_fw-la because_o it_o limit_n the_o thing_n for_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o for_o his_o essence_n and_o it_o be_v the_o last_o thing_n that_o limit_n it_o ergo_fw-la it_o be_v call_v finis_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la because_o with_o force_n thereof_o the_o thing_n be_v and_o the_o end_n though_o it_o do_v not_o enter_v into_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o effect_n by_o it_o own_o essence_n yet_o by_o it_o virtue_n it_o do_v efficere_fw-la as_o do_v the_o efficient_a cujus_fw-la gratia_fw-la therefore_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v that_o that_o grace_v the_o effect_n and_o thence_o have_v the_o thing_n his_o commendation_n cujus_fw-la gratia_fw-la for_o who_o grace_n for_o gratia_fw-la here_o signify_v not_o only_o for_o who_o sake_n but_o for_o who_o grace_n as_o if_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v that_o which_o do_v grace_v the_o effect_n and_o so_o indeed_o it_o do_v for_o as_o bonum_fw-la quo_fw-la communius_fw-la eo_fw-la melius_fw-la so_o communior_fw-la finis_fw-la have_v more_o grace_n than_o finis_fw-la specialio●_n for_o that_o cause_n that_o which_o be_v next_o the_o chief_a end_n be_v more_o noble_a and_o excellent_a then_o that_o which_o be_v more_o remote_a hence_o man_n be_v more_o excellent_a than_o any_o other_o creature_n because_o he_o be_v make_v immediate_o for_o god_n so_o then_o the_o end_n grace_v it_o evermore_o and_o the_o more_o excellent_a the_o end_n be_v the_o more_o excellent_a be_v that_o effect_n this_o then_o be_v the_o esse_fw-la that_o the_o final_a cause_n do_v give_v to_o the_o effect_n namely_o that_o which_o be_v good_a for_o that_o effect_n so_o that_o the_o goodness_n of_o a_o thing_n be_v that_o vis_fw-la in_o the_o effect_n that_o it_o have_v from_o the_o end_n as_o in_o a_o knife_n the_o efficient_a may_v be_v a_o slave_n the_o matter_n likewise_o naught_o the_o form_n though_o that_o be_v something_o yet_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o end_n neither_o the_o efficient_a matter_n or_o form_n will_v move_v ergo_fw-la the_o final_a cause_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o happiness_n of_o the_o thing_n so_o that_o a_o thing_n be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v happy_a till_o it_o be_v serviceable_a to_o that_o end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v a_o garment_n well_o make_v as_o touch_v the_o skill_n of_o the_o efficient_a and_o of_o good_a stuff_n for_o the_o matter_n and_o fit_a for_o a_o garment_n and_o so_o of_o a_o good_a form_n yet_o not_o fit_v he_o for_o who_o it_o be_v make_v it_o want_v his_o end_n or_o happiness_n and_o so_o be_v not_o perfect_a again_o this_o show_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o formal_a cause_n and_o the_o end_n for_o the_o form_n may_v be_v as_o we_o see_v and_o not_o the_o end_n again_o we_o know_v there_o be_v many_o thing_n that_o have_v not_o their_o perfection_n but_o by_o growth_n and_o yet_o have_v all_o the_o cause_n yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o end_n present_o follow_v after_o the_o form_n so_o man_n be_v make_v by_o god_n here_o god_n be_v the_o efficient_a earth_n the_o matter_n reason_n the_o form_n yet_o here_o be_v not_o his_o end_n namely_o fitness_n to_o serve_v god_n and_o thus_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o cause_n which_o be_v the_o foundation_n whereon_o the_o effect_n be_v build_v physicis_fw-la rebus_fw-la finis_fw-la homo_fw-la propositas_fw-la est_fw-la homini_fw-la deus_fw-la of_o natural_a thing_n man_n be_v the_o end_n the_o grace_n of_o man_n be_v god_n and_o god_n make_v he_o good_a not_o as_o a_o efficient_a but_o as_o a_o end_n omnium_fw-la artium_fw-la est_fw-la aliquod_fw-la summom_n bonum_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la extremus_fw-la that_o be_v that_o end_n which_o they_o reach_v unto_o but_o that_o be_v not_o the_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la of_o all_o thing_n for_o logick_n end_n be_v be_v disserere_fw-la grammar_n bene_fw-la loqui_fw-la etc._n etc._n these_o be_v the_o further_a end_n of_o logic_n and_o grammar_n but_o not_o the_o further_a end_n of_o all_o they_o be_v indeed_o the_o proper_a end_n of_o they_o but_o not_o the_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la so_o that_o he_o mean_v by_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la the_o outmost_a or_o far_a end_n of_o they_o and_o the_o end_n of_o logic_n lie_v in_o the_o precept_n of_o it_o as_o they_o act_n bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la this_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o end_n and_o the_o effect_n a_o house_n be_v make_v to_o dwell_v in_o though_o it_o never_o be_v dwell_v in_o so_o for_o a_o garment_n to_o be_v wear_v be_v one_o thing_n and_o to_o be_v fit_a to_o wear_v another_o so_o if_o i_o go_v forth_o to_o speak_v with_o one_o and_o he_o be_v go_v yet_o i_o obtain_v my_o end_n they_o common_o say_v he_o be_v frustrate_v of_o his_o end_n but_o not_o frustrate_v of_o finis_fw-la quatenus_fw-la finis_fw-la but_o quatenus_fw-la effectum_fw-la juno_n primo_fw-la aeneidos_fw-la connubii_fw-la finem_fw-la assumit_n cum_fw-la aeolo_fw-la deiopeiam_fw-la pollicetur_fw-la solatii_fw-la scilicet_fw-la prolisque_fw-la gratia_fw-la sunt_fw-la mihi_fw-la his_fw-la septem_fw-la praestanti_fw-la corpore_fw-la nymphae_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o juno_n persuade_v aeolus_n to_o let_v his_o wind_n out_o and_o she_o will_v give_v he_o one_o of_o her_o nymph_n which_o she_o press_v upon_o he_o by_o final_a cause_n first_o that_o she_o may_v spend_v all_o her_o year_n with_o he_o and_o second_o that_o she_o may_v make_v he_o the_o father_n of_o a_o fair_a offspring_n in_o defension_n ligarii_fw-la cicero_n tuberonem_fw-la accusatorem_fw-la urget_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la certe_fw-la ait_fw-la contra_fw-la ipsum_fw-la caesarem_fw-la est_fw-la congressus_fw-la armatus_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v tubero_n thou_o have_v thy_o sword_n draw_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o pharsalio_n thou_o do_v strike_v his_o side_n mark_v the_o variety_n of_o the_o phrase_n and_o so_o of_o the_o end_n what_o mean_v thy_o sword_n what_o be_v thy_o mind_n here_o be_v the_o propositum_fw-la what_o mean_v thou_o to_o have_v do_v even_o to_o have_v kill_v caesar_n so_o that_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v not_o accidental_a to_o the_o thing_n but_o even_o substantial_a and_o therefore_o we_o have_v it_o so_o often_o in_o the_o definition_n of_o art_n use_v for_o the_o form_n and_o that_o for_o this_o reason_n because_o it_o be_v the_o next_o argument_n to_o it_o and_o presuppose_v the_o form_n so_o that_o this_o be_v the_o use_n of_o the_o final_a cause_n in_o the_o definition_n of_o arts._n as_o dialectica_fw-la est_fw-la ars_fw-la bene_fw-la disserendi_fw-la here_o bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la be_v the_o end_n and_o it_o be_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v dialectica_fw-la have_v such_o a_o soul_n as_o that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o perform_v and_o execute_v this_o or_o that_o thing_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o end_n of_o all_o art_n i_o but_o what_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o general_n why_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o effect_n of_o all_o art_n answ_n but_o as_o every_o thing_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o end_n of_o it_o ergo_fw-la if_o a_o man_n will_v do_v any_o logicum_fw-la opus_fw-la he_o must_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o thus_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o doctrine_n
proprius_fw-la second_o a_o deny_v of_o all_o sort_n but_o not_o every_o deny_v for_o if_o the_o antecedent_n part_v disagree_v with_o the_o three_o argument_n than_o it_o will_v be_v conclude_v in_o the_o first_o kind_n of_o a_o explicate_v and_o therefore_o argumentum_fw-la antecedit_fw-la the_o consequent_a part_n of_o the_o question_n sequitur_fw-la affirmatum_fw-la the_o antecedent_n in_o the_o assumption_n as_o we_o hear_v general_o in_o a_o simple_a syllogism_n as_o for_o example_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o profit_n attend_v honesty_n the_o three_o argument_n be_v justum_fw-la for_o the_o proposition_n if_o it_o be_v not_o well_o get_v it_o will_v not_o thrive_v for_o the_o assumption_n the_o truth_n of_o that_o appear_v because_o justitia_fw-la generalis_fw-la or_o virtus_fw-la and_o honesta●_n be_v all_o one_o affirmatum_fw-la generale_fw-mi omne_fw-la justum_fw-la est_fw-la utile_fw-la cicero_n 2._o officiorum_fw-la it_o a_o concludit_fw-la summa_fw-la quidem_fw-la authoritas_fw-la philosophy_n etc._n etc._n here_o the_o proposition_n be_v first_o be_v back_v with_o a_o prosyllogism_n a_o testimonio_fw-la then_o the_o assumption_n and_o then_o the_o conclusion_n and_o this_o be_v generalis_fw-la quia_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la propositione_n &_o assumptione_n generalibus_fw-la quia_fw-la ex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la partibu_fw-la affirmatis_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n follow_v be_v so_o for_o the_o reason_n out_o of_o their_o definition_n neg._n go_v timidus_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la libre_fw-la hoc_fw-la ita_fw-la concluditur_fw-la &_o judicatur_fw-la ab_fw-la horatio_n 1_o epist_n quo_fw-la melior_fw-la servo_fw-la quo_fw-la liberior_fw-la sit_fw-la avarus_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o question_n be_v whether_o a_o covetous_a man_n be_v free_a no_o for_o he_o will_v make_v himself_o a_o slave_n for_o a_o farthing_n the_o proposition_n be_v argue_v in_o the_o example_n with_o a_o prosyllogism_n and_o that_o be_v argue_v by_o another_o prosyllogism_n from_o his_o effect_n nam_fw-la qui_fw-la cupit_fw-la etc._n etc._n there_o be_v the_o assumption●_n porro_fw-la qui_fw-la metuens_fw-la vivit_fw-la &c_n &c_n there_o be_v the_o conclusion_n back_v with_o a_o prosyllogism_n consslii_fw-la expers_fw-la consilio_fw-la reginon_fw-la potest_fw-la terentius_n in_o eunucho_fw-la here_o quares_n in_o se_fw-la neque_fw-la consilium_fw-la neque_fw-la modum_fw-la habet_fw-la ullum_fw-la love_n can_v be_v govern_v by_o counsel_n why_o because_o it_o be_v expers_fw-la consilii_fw-la any_o affection_n whatsoever_o if_o it_o be_v in_o excess_n it_o will_v hear_v no_o reason_n love_v especial_o for_o it_o be_v hot_a and_o that_o intoxicate_a the_o head_n and_o set_v fancy_n on_o work_n and_o will_v hear_v no_o judgement_n the_o proposition_n be_v first_o here_o quae_fw-la res_fw-la in_o amore_fw-la haec_fw-la omne_fw-la insunt_fw-la vitia_fw-la here_o instead_o of_o the_o assumption_n the_o cause_n of_o love_n be_v reckon_v up_o incerta_fw-la hac_fw-la situ_fw-la etc._n etc._n there_o be_v the_o conclusion_n back_v with_o a_o prosyllogism_n a_o contrario_fw-la affir_n spec_fw-la consules_a virtute_fw-la facti_fw-la studiose_fw-la rempub_fw-la tueri_fw-la debent_fw-la the_o question_n be_v whether_o cicero_n be_v to_o be_v causa_fw-la quae_fw-la ●ueatur_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la yes_o because_o he_o be_v make_v consul_n for_o his_o virtue_n sic_fw-la orator_n diligentiam_fw-la svam_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o proposition_n be_v first_o be_v argue_v with_o a_o prosyllogism_n a_o minore_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la in_o incunabilis_fw-la that_o be_v not_o by_o be_v bear_v of_o they_o who_o have_v be_v consul_n say_v in_o campo_fw-it that_o be_v when_o they_o go_v to_o the_o field_n not_o to_o their_o progenitor_n and_o that_o he_o show_v by_o a_o contrary_a to_o himself_o then_o the_o assumption_n nulli_fw-la populo_fw-la and_o with_o a_o prosyllogism_n the_o conclusion_n i_o ipsum_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o do_v commorari_fw-la upon_o the_o assumption_n by_o a_o digression_n and_o upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o prosyllogism_n he_o repeat_v again_o the_o conclusion_n quod_fw-la optatum_fw-la redierit_fw-la gratum_fw-la est_fw-la the_o question_n be_v whether_o lesbian_n be_v welcome_a to_o catullus_n yes_o because_o she_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o his_o desire_n it_o be_v a_o connex_v axiom_n but_o we_o be_v to_o look_v at_o it_o as_o it_o be_v a_o simple_a axiom_n as_o the_o verb_n be_v the_o band_n that_o tie_v it_o ca●ullus_n sic_fw-la concludit_fw-la si_fw-mi quicquam_fw-la cupidoque_fw-la optanti_fw-la obtigit_fw-la unquam_fw-la the_o proposition_n be_v first_o than_o the_o assumptio_fw-la argue_v a_o minore_fw-la carius_fw-la auro_fw-la last_o he_o do_v commorari_fw-la upon_o the_o conclusion_n lesbi_n animi_fw-la cupido_fw-la where_o there_o be_v also_o a_o comparison_n add_v a_o minore_fw-la neg._n spec_fw-la deceptor_n amantis_fw-la pvellae_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la laudandus_fw-la phillis_n apud_fw-la ovidium_fw-la fallere_fw-la credentem_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la operosa_fw-la puellam_fw-la now_o follow_v a_o negative_a special_a demophoon_n non_fw-la est_fw-la laudandus_fw-la from_o his_o effect_n the_o proposition_n be_v first_o fallere_fw-la with_o a_o prosyllogism_n simplicitas_fw-la etc._n etc._n then_o the_o assumption_n sum_fw-la decepta_fw-la than_o the_o conclusion_n with_o a_o execration_n by_o a_o testimony_n of_o the_o god_n and_o now_o in_o these_o kind_n of_o simple_a syllogism_n the_o question_n be_v make_v much_o more_o clear_a and_o evident_a then_o in_o composite_a syllogism_n because_o here_o we_o sever_v the_o question_n into_o his_o part_n and_o lay_v the_o three_o argument_n with_o each_o part_n to_o see_v the_o truth_n thereof_o whereas_o in_o a_o composite_a syllogism_n we_o dispose_v the_o three_o argument_n with_o the_o whole_a question_n and_o do_v not_o sever_v it_o at_o all_o now_o then_o that_o we_o may_v know_v ready_o where_o any_o question_n may_v be_v conclude_v it_o be_v but_o this_o look_v at_o the_o question_n whether_o it_o be_v affirm_v or_o deny_v general_a special_a or_o proper_a if_o it_o be_v a_o general_n affirm_v it_o can_v be_v conclude_v only_o in_o the_o second_o kind_n of_o a_o explicate_v not_o in_o the_o first_o explicate_v not_o in_o a_o contract_n if_o it_o be_v a_o general_n deny_v it_o may_v only_o be_v conclude_v in_o the_o first_o explicate_v and_o also_o in_o the_o second_o explicate_v if_o the_o three_o argument_n agree_v with_o the_o antecedent_n part_n of_o the_o question_n if_o it_o be_v a_o particular_a affirm_v it_o may_v be_v conclude_v in_o a_o contract_n not_o in_o the_o first_o explicate_v but_o in_o the_o second_o explicate_v if_o the_o three_o argument_n agree_v with_o the_o antecedent_n if_o it_o be_v a_o particular_a deny_v it_o may_v be_v conclude_v in_o a_o contract_n and_o in_o the_o first_o explicate_v if_o the_o three_o argument_n disagree_v with_o the_o antecedent_n part_n of_o the_o question_n and_o in_o the_o second_o explicate_v so_o that_o this_o be_v the_o most_o general_a if_o it_o be_v a_o proper_a affirm_v it_o can_v only_o be_v conclude_v in_o the_o second_o explicate_v not_o in_o the_o first_o explicate_v nor_o in_o a_o contract_n if_o it_o be_v a_o proper_a deny_v than_o it_o can_v be_v conclude_v only_o in_o the_o first_o explicate_v or_o in_o the_o second_o explicate_v if_o the_o three_o argument_n do_v agree_v with_o the_o antedent_a part_n of_o the_o question_n not_o in_o a_o contract_n chap._n xiii_o de_fw-fr syllogismo_fw-la connexo_fw-la primo_fw-la adhuc_fw-la syllogismus_fw-la simplex_fw-la fuit_fw-la syllogismus_fw-la compositus_fw-la est_fw-la syllogismus_fw-la ubi_fw-la tota_fw-la quaestio_fw-la est_fw-la pars_fw-la al●era_fw-la propositionis_fw-la affirmatae_fw-la &_o compositae_fw-la argumentum_fw-la est_fw-la pars_fw-la reliqua_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v of_o a_o simple_a syllogism_n and_o how_o it_o come_v to_o be_v simple_a now_o it_o be_v call_v a_o composite_a by_o reason_n the_o whole_a question_n be_v place_v in_o the_o proposition_n with_o the_o three_o argument_n now_o which_o go_v first_o and_o which_o go_v last_o we_o shall_v hear_v in_o the_o special_n again_o this_o proposition_n must_v be_v affirm_v mean_v the_o part_n affirm_v and_o also_o composite_a the_o assumption_n and_o conclusion_n be_v always_o or_o at_o least_o may_v always_o be_v simple_a and_o it_o be_v call_v composite_a not_o so_o much_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o proposition_n but_o of_o the_o dispose_n of_o the_o whole_a question_n with_o the_o three_o argument_n here_o we_o must_v not_o bring_v any_o part_n of_o the_o question_n into_o the_o assumption_n for_o if_o we_o bring_v in_o one_o part_n we_o wrong_v the_o other_o part_n and_o if_o we_o bring_v in_o the_o whole_a question_n we_o commit_v a_o tautology_n make_v the_o proposition_n and_o assumption_n the_o same_o but_o the_o three_o argument_n must_v come_v into_o the_o assumption_n because_o it_o be_v the_o light_n to_o clear_v the_o question_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v first_o place_v in_o the_o proposition_n with_o the_o whole_a question_n then_o alone_o in_o the_o assumption_n as_o if_o i_o shall_v say_v this_o be_v it_o that_o be_v two_o foot_n long_o do_v you_o mark_v it_o or_o as_o if_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o corn_n and_o
as_o of_o a_o man_n with_o a_o lion_n we_o say_v the_o one_o be_v hot_a or_o cold_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o other_o for_o because_o mistum_fw-la attend_v elementarium_fw-la according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o composition_n divers_a quality_n arise_v now_o in_o thing_n compose_v of_o similar_v part_n only_o as_o worm_n eel_n they_o ergo_fw-la have_v their_o life_n alike_o in_o every_o part_n hence_o they_o live_v after_o they_o be_v cut_v and_o they_o have_v the_o like_a temperament_n but_o these_o thing_n that_o have_v organical_a part_n when_o they_o be_v cut_v in_o piece_n their_o part_n will_v not_o live_v for_o the_o life_n have_v one_o principal_a seat_n and_o be_v not_o in_o every_o part_n alike_o now_o in_o compare_v the_o temperature_n of_o thing_n together_o if_o one_o exceed_v the_o other_o above_o the_o common_a rate_n we_o call_v it_o a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d otherwise_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d under_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v putrido_fw-la rottenness_n when_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v in_o heat_n and_o moisture_n where_o the_o heat_n be_v only_o able_a to_o set_v it_o up_o and_o make_v it_o rot_v and_o so_o nature_n be_v dissolve_v and_o this_o be_v general_a to_o the_o elementary_n and_o to_o the_o air_n and_o water_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o they_o be_v mingle_v with_o vapour_n so_o we_o say_v in_o sickness-time_n the_o air_n be_v infect_v now_o temperature_n ad_fw-la pondus_fw-la prove_v another_o reason_n because_o in_o nature_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a for_o no_o office_n as_o not_o to_o cool_v because_o heat_n be_v equal_a to_o it_o not_o to_o dry_a because_o moisture_n will_v hinder_v it_o or_o contra_fw-la there_o must_v be_v inequal_a proportion_n of_o the_o element_n and_o consequent_o more_o temperament_n because_o thing_n be_v make_v to_o diverss_n end_n so_o that_o ergo_fw-la they_o must_v have_v element_n predominate_v in_o they_o whereby_o they_o may_v be_v fit_v to_o such_o and_o such_o end_n second_o temperament_n must_v be_v unequal_a because_o they_o must_v be_v mutable_a and_o there_o must_v be_v dissolution_n ergo_fw-la the_o temperature_n must_v be_v unequal_a and_o one_o element_n too_o strong_a for_o a_o other_o and_o these_o predominate_a element_n do_v so_o much_o destroy_v themselves_o to_o our_o sense_n as_o they_o do_v by_o our_o act_n though_o they_o do_v to_o our_o sense_n also_o as_o i_o can_v taste_v ginger_n and_o find_v it_o hot_a where_o one_o only_a do_v predominate_v it_o be_v either_o heat_n cold_a moisture_n or_o drith_v for_o as_o before_o according_a to_o that_o for_o which_o the_o thing_n be_v make_v such_o element_n shall_v it_o have_v predominate_v in_o it_o for_o the_o attainig_n of_o that_o end_n so_o we_o say_v the_o heart_n be_v natural_o hot_a for_o to_o turn_v the_o chylus_n into_o chymum_fw-la so_o the_o brain_n cold_a per_fw-la se_fw-la but_o accidental_o hot_a which_o heat_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o heart_n to_o it_o by_o the_o vital_a spirit_n so_o that_o according_a to_o thing_n end_v so_o must_v they_o be_v make_v as_o bone_n have_v drith_n in_o they_o predominate_v because_o they_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o body_n even_o as_o the_o earth_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o world_n so_o again_o we_o say_v the_o four_o humour_n cause_v in_o the_o liver_n be_v fluid_a and_o ergo_fw-la have_v air_n predominate_v in_o they_o because_o it_o be_v their_o office_n to_o run_v up_o and_o down_o to_o nourish_v every_o part_n and_o for_o the_o humour_n first_o our_o meat_n and_o nutriment_n come_v to_o our_o stomach_n and_o there_o be_v turn_v into_o chylus_n and_o hence_o it_o come_v into_o the_o liver_n and_o be_v turn_v into_o chymum_n and_o the_o humour_n be_v make_v of_o the_o succus_fw-la of_o this_o nutriment_n in_o the_o liver_n and_o of_o these_o humour_n be_v make_v seman_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o seman_n which_o have_v most_o drith_n in_o it_o make_v a_o bone_n which_o be_v a_o similar_v part_n and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n now_o in_o some_o thing_n there_o be_v two_o quality_n predominate_v in_o respect_n of_o a_o double_a use_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o these_o predomint_a quality_n must_v evermore_o be_v disparate_v not_o contrary_n for_o than_o they_o will_v destroy_v one_o another_o now_o man_n of_o all_o thing_n come_v near_a to_o the_o temperament_n ad_fw-la pondus_fw-la and_o ergo_fw-la he_o be_v most_o sure_a to_o mark_v other_o temperature_n be_v compare_v with_o man_n temperature_n crasis_n and_o temperamentum_fw-la be_v all_o one_o but_o now_o the_o degree_n of_o temperature_n be_v not_o infinite_a but_o they_o distinguish_v they_o into_o four_o only_a and_o where_o any_o element_n be_v predominate_a above_o these_o degree_n there_o be_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o in_o live_a creatue_n be_v call_v morbus_fw-la which_o adam_n be_v not_o subject_a unto_o and_o yet_o have_v the_o art_n of_o medicina_fw-la ergo_fw-la morbus_fw-la be_v not_o the_o object_n of_o medicina_fw-la hence_o be_v putredo_fw-la now_o putredo_fw-la and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d differ_v in_o that_o one_o quantity_n must_v drive_v out_o another_o so_o as_o that_o there_o be_v a_o dissolution_n but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d may_v be_v without_o any_o dissolution_n again_o the_o common_a philosopher_n make_v putredo_fw-la only_o where_o moist_a predominate_v and_o three_o putredo_fw-la be_v where_o only_o external_a quality_n unite_n with_o internal_a do_v make_v a_o dissolution_n as_o by_o external_a heat_n unite_v with_o internal_a heat_n do_v make_v a_o dissolution_n as_o by_o external_a heat_n unite_v which_o internal_a heat_n water_n be_v expel_v and_o so_o in_o wood_n the_o heat_n and_o the_o moisture_n that_o hold_v it_o together_o be_v take_v away_o by_o rhe_n fire_n fall_v into_o ash_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o putredo_fw-la thing_n come_v to_o stink_n which_o we_o call_v faetor_n yet_o where_o this_o putredo_fw-la be_v but_o in_o any_o degree_n for_o there_o be_v degree_n of_o it_o there_o it_o do_v not_o stink_v so_o moisture_n external_a will_v putrify_v as_o wood_n in_o water_n which_o we_o call_v martor_n for_o we_o have_v no_o proper_a word_n so_o drith_n will_v cause_v putrefaction_n so_o wood_n will_v rot_v which_o we_o call_v carry_v so_o will_v cold_a also_o putrify_v by_o quench_v heat_n so_o rust_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o putrefaction_n which_o cause_v by_o external_a moisture_n unite_v with_o internal_a and_o so_o make_v thing_n as_o it_o be_v '_o sweat_n an_o become_v rusty_a and_o these_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o putredo_fw-la and_o these_o be_v general_a etc._n etc._n the_o rest_n be_v want_v ethical_a note_n divinity_n be_v the_o rule_n to_o make_v a_o man_n happy_a and_o this_o man_n in_o his_o life_n have_v a_o double_a respect_n first_o as_o he_o be_v a_o man_n alone_o second_o as_o he_o be_v sociate_n and_o sociate_n be_v either_o in_o a_o family_n or_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n hence_o must_v the_o distinction_n of_o the_o proles_fw-la of_o theologie_n go_v according_o and_o all_o these_o must_v tend_v to_o happiness_n now_o these_o be_v proles_fw-la of_o theologie_n arise_v from_o the_o second_o part_n thereof_o namely_o from_o the_o second_o table_n of_o the_o law_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o man_n fall_n be_v almost_o dash_v out_o of_o he_o yet_o there_o be_v so_o much_o leave_v in_o he_o as_o be_v able_a to_o show_v he_o that_o he_o be_v make_v able_a to_o please_v god_n and_o second_o to_o live_v well_o so_o that_o this_o work_n of_o be_v a_o good_a divine_a be_v wrought_v in_o man_n from_o several_a cause_n for_o the_o sanctify_a man_n because_o be_v have_v faith_n he_o keep_v the_o rule_n of_o ethic_n economic_n and_o politic_n by_o the_o spirit_n of_o sanctification_n but_o the_o only_a civil_a man_n which_o want_v faith_n do_v therefore_o fail_v in_o a_o divine_a and_o so_o all_o be_v spoil_v yet_o he_o keep_v the_o rule_n of_o ethic_n by_o the_o spirit_n of_o restraint_n which_o spirit_n keep_v he_o from_o those_o enormous_a sin_n which_o otherwise_o he_o will_v have_v commit_v for_o we_o be_v to_o imagine_v every_o one_o of_o we_o by_o nature_n commit_v all_o kind_n of_o sin_n in_o that_o measure_n as_o he_o which_o be_v the_o most_o sinful_a commit_v the_o great_a sin_n that_o he_o be_v give_v unto_o so_o that_o no_o man_n be_v at_o liberty_n in_o this_o kind_n to_o do_v so_o much_o as_o one_o civil_a act_n without_o the_o spirit_n of_o restraint_n and_o therefore_o much_o less_o a_o action_n of_o faith_n ethica_fw-la est_fw-la ars_fw-la bene_fw-la gerendise_n ethica_fw-la be_v derive_v from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d mos_fw-la custom_n or_o manner_n it_o be_v more_o frequent_a in_o the_o plural_a number_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d manner_n and_o hence_o be_v the_o