Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	woman_n	young_a	youth_n	49	3	8.2213	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A09163	A moral methode of ciuile policie contayninge a learned and fruictful discourse of the institution, state and gouernment of a common weale. Abridged oute of the co[m]mentaries of the reuerende and famous clerke, Franciscus Patricius, Byshop of Caieta in Italye. Done out of Latine into Englishe, by Rycharde Robinson, citizen of London. Seene and allowed. [et]c. Anno Domini 1576.; De institutione reipublicae. English. Abridgments	Patrizi, Francesco, 1413-1494.; Robinson, Richard, citizen of London.	1576 (1576)	STC 19475; ESTC S114210	131,174	198

the Tentes encamping ought of all others to bee most skilfull one by long experiēce and practise in warres throughly tryed and experienced For he ought diligently to view and surueigh the nature and condicion of the place that hee maye chose the safest most cōuenient partes for the 〈◊〉 to campe in that there 〈…〉 his Souldiers might bee easely by the enemie assaulted and displaced neyther by meanes of a Ryuer surrounded and drowned ▪ or elles by the too much nearenesse of wood growing thērabout to bee consumed and fyred whiche thinge happened vnto Crassus in the ciuile warres who throughe suche careles ouersight was with all his armie almoste burned sodenlye by the fyre that his enemies had secretely enkindled So did Camillus also destroy spoyle the campe tentes of the Volsciās by fiering the wood that was neere vnto thē Moreouer let a Generalle foresee that there bee stoare enoughe of wood of forage of water let them also haue an easie egresse abroade into the fieldes round about thē and a safe returne and egresse backe agayne to the campe Neither ought the Surueigher or chiefe ouerseer of workmen to lacke long experience vpon whom chiefly resteth all the charge to see that nothing be wanting to the hoast that is nedeful eyther for assault battry or for repulsing or defence This man ought to haue in a readinesse Carpēters Ioigners Rafterers Masōs for the contriuing makīg of engines woddē towers battring pieces crosbowes Slinges other sorts of gunnes beside ▪ and briefly to c●clude the auncient persons must be appointed rulers ouer y army the younger sort must be honored with other dignities specially such as haue more glory prayse when the case falleth out well with good successe thē daunger if it should fall out otherwise or that Fortune shoulde deceiue them Reward punishment are to bee demed taken as two Gods in a common wealth and in Martiall affaires especially accoūpted most necessarye for neyther shall it be sufficient for a Captayne to keepe his souldiers at cōmaūdemēnt and in obedience for feare of punishement except also the hope of glory reward do quicken pricke forward the courage fortitude of the souldier the desire of renoume doth of it self particulerly prescribe such things as neither the leaders nor captaines thēselues cā by any possible meanes directe or teache For surely hope is a right greate affect and mocion of the mynde whiche oftentimes stirreth vp and moueth men to do those things which seeme to excede the strength ability of man which otherwise could not by any reason or meanes be perswaded FINIS Imitacion of Nature vnto Obedience of one Supe●io●● Hee meaneth of such as are careles for the cōmon vveale VVhat thinge most difficulte in the life of man. The prayse of a Prynce Society of Citisens Societie humane profitable by procreation Example of societie in birds Humaine care for his posteriti The first reasō of Societie instituted Studies of vertues and disciplines Honos alit artes Difference of Societie humane Obedience vn to Iustice This is meant of lavvs made and not obserued Oligarchia Noble men ruling the resi due duly obeyinge cause the citty to florishe The best common vveale Aequalitie in a Cytty causeth concorde The first dutye of Iustice No place for loyterers in a comon vveale Husbandry profitable Good householders vvhat they ought to doe Good artes or scyences to be cared for A lavv amōg the Egiptians for due knovvledge in order of lyuinge Exercise of mannes lyfe vvhat it is Merchaunts vvorkmen in a citty Vayne traffiques A measure meane in merchants gayne Certayne han dicraftesmen necessary in a commonvveal Vsury forbidden Reasons of regarde in a common vveale Workmaystero and deuisers of Workes Thebes aspectacle Babilon The arte of paintinge The noble mynde of Iuli us Caesar Kinges of Aegipt only bent to learninge knovvledge The Lybrarye of Ptolomeus Egiptian lore No Wytty Citizen vvithout learninge Care for scholemasters Grammer Astronomie Example of des●eny in tvvo Tvvynnes Musicke The inuention of musicke after the opiniō of Pythagoras Phisicke Dyet medicin and manula cure Eloquence The noble personnes among the Venetians do pleade causes Poetes necessarye in a comō Weale Philosophye Prayse of Iulius Caesar his bountie to vvardes learning and learned men The first inuention of philosophy amōg the Frenchmen Corporal exercise Hard bringing vp of youth profitable Continual toy linge The commaundement of Iulius Caesar for trayning of yonge soldiers Epaminondas exercised vvrasteling Women by nature more tymerous and fearefull then men Exāple of the greate strength of Mylo Miserable end of Mylo Example of polydamas Hovve a common vveale prospereth vvithout Magistrates Who be mete persons for to be made magistrates in a common vveale Fovver special regardes to be taken in mans lyfe Pinchinge pouertye putteth men to their shiftes A Magistrate He that obeyeth vvel ruleth vvell Vertues are the guydes of ciuill magistrates Iustice Duties of Iustice To kepe touch and performe promise is cōmendable Prudence Temperance An example of Temperance Constancye Persians trusty in keping coūcell Thre things necessary in a magistrate 1. 2. 3. Venetians admyt no no strāger to beare rule amōg thē Venetians alte nothing afore time ordayned by their predecessors and elders Seigniorye of Venice Manquellinge novv a commō practise in Solon his dayes not thought that such could bee A good councellor the father of his coūtrye Example of Superiors is a president for inferiors to folovv Vsury Vndecente gesture in a Senator put to reproche God is the principall aucthor and fautour of al good lavves and procedinges That thing vvhich to the honour and praise of god is begon continueth in force and felicity Byshoppes named kinges by Romulus Times to be cōsidered in peace and Warre Time of peace Time of War. Tyme doth alter both the ꝑson and his ꝓꝑtye Ouerseers of the lavves Occasions of contentions for small matters amonges Citizens to be reformed A Praetor Lavvyers Corruption of Iudgement Vnsaiiable Lavvyers Bribcry is a filthye thinge Good exāples geuen by the Romaines Consideratiōs vpdon the trauels of the magistrates Tribes or War d●sin a c●tye Censor vvas he vvhich coulde by his Wisdōe and knovvlege execute his office viz. to constitute cōmaūd comptrolle Infamy of Cēsors Senators discharged for excesse riot Innocentes vvrongfully cōdempned make people repyne at magistrates Pitty in the harte of Alexander tovvardes one that vvas like to haue bene put to death death redemed by thraldome Eight speciall kindes of punishmentes vsed by the Romanes Leuving of tributei Alexanders friendes vvere his tresures Moneta à monenda Pecunia à Pecore The first earthlye treasures of men Sauegarde of a cittye Night Watthe Scoutes Watchers and Warders A Wise example of Alexander in vvatchinge Who are meetest for vvatchchers Warders Gaglinge of a goose saued Rome from beinge taken Night vvatchers charged Night vvatchers preuente and vvithstand

wyfe XANTIPPA to be bothe angrye and churlishe againste him to Alcibiades meruaylinge that he coulde beare wyth suche a shrewde and bytter woman and not banishe her oute of his house made this aunswere that in sufferinge suche a Uixen in her behauiour at home he enured himselfe the better to putt vp those Iniuries and reproches whiche were done to him abroade by others For Socrates had two wyues at one tyme the better thereby to perfourme throughlye the effect of pacience METELLVS NVMIDICVS the greate and eloquente Oratour whyle hee was Censor discoursinge of the Maryage of Wyues in his Oration spake these woordes My Lordes if wee coulde be wythout wiues we shoulde all easelye lacke and be wythout that molestation but because Nature hath so ordayned that neyther wyth theym can wee lyue commodiouslye and withoute theim we cannot lyue at all I thincke it better rather to prouyde for a perpetuall sauetye then for a shorte or momentanye pleasure Whiche manifeste confession of the care and molestation of wyuing was mysliked of many of the Cytizens of Rome for they sayde that METELLVS the Censor whose purpose shoulde haue beene to exhorte the common people vnto Matrymonye could not confesse or vtter any thinge touchinge the griefes and discommodities therof leaste in so doynge hee shoulde rather seeme to disswade the People from Matrymonye then exhorte theym thereunto For so muche as almoste there is nothynge throughoute the whole lyfe of man can be founde whych in euerye parte of it selfe is absolute and perfecte that no stable amitye coulde bee founde nor more aboundaunt in all dutie godlines then in matrimony Tiberius Gracchus wyllingly of his own accord saued and redeemed his wiues lyfe wyth his owne death for he findynge at home two snakes in this sorte destyned that vnlesse hee killed one of theim hee and all his housholde shoulde perishe dye if he let the male escape it shoulde then be his chaunce to escape alyue but if the female thē should his wyfe Cornelia escape alyue hee so entierly loued his wife and so much esteemed matrimony that he rather chose to dye hymselfe then to suruiue his wife The wyues of the Myniās haue lefte vs an example of admiration for their husbandes heinge imprisonned by the Lacedemonians and iudged to dye for conspiringe against the state looked for present execution according to the custome in the night season but their wyues makinge a pretence or excuse to goe to speake vnto their husbandes take their last leaue obteyned licence of the kepers to goe vnto them where chaunginge their apparell and dissemblinge their sorowes with their heades couered suffered their husbandes to departe and gaue themselues to the death to the end that they might deliuer and set at libertye their husbandes Moreouer the too much cherishing that Augustus vsed towardes his daughters made theym more wanton and lasciuious whereupon Iulia when a certayne seuere and graue frende of hers went about to perswade her to followe the example of her fathers frugalitye she scornfullye aunswered my father forgets that he is Caesar but I remember that I am Caesars daughter shee outraged so farre in dissolute lyuinge that shee prostituted her body to all men and when as men that knew well her filthy lyfe meruayled how shee brought forth chyldren so lyke to Agrippa her husbande seing shee had to doe wyth so manye men shee aunswered that she could lawfullye entertayne and admitte adulterers after that shee was greate wyth chylde by her husband for seldome doth the woman kepe shamefastnes that hath once lost her chastity There are some women whiche take pleasure to talke of their filthy demeanour and declare the blemish or disease of theyr mynde and body wyth filthy speche thereby to appeare more pleasantly conceyted vnto the worlde as Popilia the daughter of Marcus to a certayn man whych meruayled what should be the cause that all beastes doe neuer admitt the male to couer theim but at due seasons whē they woulde be made great with yonge and women at all tymes desire the societye of man shee aunswered because they are beastes But let the husband loke to it that hee geeue no occasion of filthynes or offēce vnto his wyfe and let her take heede that shee do not speake any filthye thinge at any tyme in the presence of her husband wherein some men doe much offend which allure their wyues wyth vncleanlynes of wordes and filthynes of speache vnto lust and concupiscence and doe instructe theym in Fables whereby they are made more readye to venerous dalliaunce and inflamed with straunge lou●s and the men nowe then speake those thinges whyche are able ynough to enflame euen those women that be otherwise very cold affected Furthermore let the husbande farre more diligentlye abstayn from hauing to doe with any other straunge person if hee desire to haue a chaste wyfe for no iniury doth more diminishe or sooner breake the holye society of maryage then for the one partye I will not say to be onely takē in adultery but also in any slender suspicion therof The Persians therefore very well dyd greuouslye punishe adulterye to then tent that the societye of matrimonye might be made the more firme and stable The continency of the husbande for the moste part keepeth his wyfe in chastitye and maketh the man himselfe to be farre more commendable Laelius the friende of Scipio is counted the happier in this one respecte that in all his lyfe tyme he had but the company of one onely womā that is to say his own wyfe whom he had and no more for there are very fewe wyues so modeste and so louinge to their husbands that they can willingly and patiently suffer beare with their husbandes harlottes I remember that I haue reade not without meruaylinge of one woman euen Tertia wife of the former AEmilius mother to Cornelia who was of suche gentlenes and pacience that when shee knewe her husbande being the conqueroure of Affrica to be hotelye enamoured of her handmayd a beautiful piece knew wel that he vsed her too familiarly shee alwayes dissembled the matter least otherwise shee should accuse her husband that most excellent Gentleman of Intemperancye and that whyche is more she was so farre frō reuenge that when AEmilius was dead shee sette her handmayde at lybertye and freely placed her in maryage to one that serued her husbande wyth no small dowrye Surely a man shall fynde very fewe women in all the memorye of man of this nature that can sufferor beare wyth their Husbandes Strumpettes therefore that good reason or argumente vsed by the lawyers is to bee openlye fixed in the houses of men wherein is geeuen vs for precepte What euer Lawe a man woulde haue an other to obserue From that let not hymselfe digresse nor once asyde to swerue For what is more reprochefull then for a man to bee condempned by that law whiche hee himselfe hath

them be put to learne the practize of some other trades and occupations especiallye such as come uearest in goodnes vnto learning least that they remayne vnprofitable by meanes of Idlenesse and slouthe for true is that sentence of Marcus Cato By slouth and doinge nothing at all Men learne to doe euyll great and small Therfore diligent and paynful cytizens ought to dryue sluggishe and slouthfull people out of their citties euen as the diligent Bees do the Drones or Dorres which wyll not take paynes for the common Honnye and wee muste esteeme as most holye that ordinaunce whiche Solon enacted affirming that That chylde to his father is nothing bounde In any respect of dutie naturall If that for him hee hath not founde Some kinde of trade to lyue withall But if all other disciplines and Arts should be lacking yet oughte they to foresee and regarde that their children be not brought vp without the rule of good manners for it is farre better for men to bee wythoute children and to be for euer barreyne and berefte of all progenye or Issue then when men haue children to bringe them vp euill nurtured or of sewde behauiour Epaminondas the Thebane a worthye man and of greate wysedome neuer maryed anye wyfe whiche thing his friend Pelopidas reprehending because hee left not the Seede or succession of his valiantnesse vnto his children and therfore that in so doinge hee dyd ill prouide for the commoditye or profite of his countrye Epaminondas thereupon smyling aunswered take you heede frende Pelopidas least you doe worse prouide for the publique vtilitie of your countrye which may happen to leaue such a sonne begotten by you whose lyfe perhaps hereafter may be wished of some to bee better by whiche sayinge this most wyse Gentleman sheweth that Parētes ought to feare nothinge more then least they haue suche childrē as may degenerate frō their steps qualities Neocles the Athenian a man noble and excellente had a sonne called Themistocles whome in his youth he disherited because hee was mislyked and thought to lyue verye lewdely wastinge his substance and in euerye poynte disobayinge his fathers commaundemente this seuere and harde dealinge did not discourage the sonue but did rather farre more encourage him to remēber himselfe for hee thinkinge that suche a manifest blemish of misdemeanour coulde not bee extinguished withoute some singuler industrye and prayse from thence foorth wholy vent hym selfe to thexercise of vertue and by al care and study that in him was possible endeuoured to traueyle for the commoditye of his common weale with all dyligence that he could protected and maynteyned the causes of his friends and priuate iudgements and within short space so amended his faultes and reformed the vices of hys youthe that there was no one man in his tyme preferred before him and verye fewe were thoughte to bee founde equalle vnto him therefore the seueritye of a father towardes such a Sonne was not to be found fault wythal who in dede of a most naughtie lewd person reclaimed him to be a man in all kynde of prayse moste cōmendable Polemon the Athenian lyuinge vnchaste in his youthfull yeares was wanton and geeuen to filthy behauiour sometimes also ouerseene with drinke hauing a Garlande as the custome was for the stoutest drincker to haue rushed with his companions into Xenocrates schoole onely to floute and mocke and to playe some pageant of knauery at that tyme as it chaunced Xenocrates was discoursinge amongest his scholers touching modestie temperaunce and chastitye whiche purpose for al this hee chaunged not but playnly conuerted his meaning euen vpō Polemō there present by which oratiō made he so reformed himselfe that without any more ado forsaking there his companions and chaunginge his former old lyfe he yeelded himselfe scholar vnto Xenocrates and within a shorte space excelled all his scholefellowes and besides this so nerelye expressed his scholemaister in all matters that after his deceasse this Polemon beinge then lefte hys successor so learnedly behaued himselfe after thimit a ciō of y other that the Scholemaister was thought one styl and not scant perceyued to be chaunged Younge men also are to be enured wyth bodely exercises both for their better health for as Celsus satih slouth enfebleth the bodye labour strengtheneth it the one causinge vntimelye olde age the other long and lustye youth and also for that they might be made more proiftable members for y cōmō weale in tyme of warres wherin they are more prōpt and actiue if they come thereunto wyth a bodye exercised rather then vy slouth effeminated in which thinge the Lacedaemonians did verye muche excell whose children in runninge leapinge and castinge the dart were daylye exercised and practised from whō Diogenes on a tyme returning and goinge to Athens was asked whither he went and from whence he came I come saith he from men and am now goinge to women THE FIFTH BOOKE EFfectuallye discoursinge vppon the ENDEVOVRS TRADES OFFICES DVEties and seuerall vocations aswell of the ciuill cittizen as of the vplandish countreyman also the discouerye of vices with the daūgers that in euery realme and countrye thereby ensueth RApine promiseth Idlenes and rest but vertue sheweth before her labour and sweat Euill manered persons and suche as in their speache and gesture be grosse and vnnurtured be termed vnciuil because they rather seeme to haue bene brought vp in the coūtrey then in the Cytties From hence is deriued the worde phrase of speache called Ciuilitye or Urbanitye because it doth appertayn both to speach and manners and is so called by the name of the latine worde Vrbs a cyttye because through cyuil companying or meeting together of wyse learned men a certayn knowledge and learning is gotten which dyrecteth and trayneth vp men in gallant curtesie pleasaunt order and comelye grace the contrarye wherof is called Rusticitie If a man would in fewe woordes determine and define what a Ciuil man is hee shall say that he is a good man and one that is profitable to his common weale for firste and speciallye hee oughte to haue before his eyes that sentence of Plato where he sayth Men are of God created not onelye To profite themselues in this lyfe presente But that they shoulde their natiue countrye Studye to profite wyth honest intent Partely agayne that they be styllbent To profite frende children and kinsfolke naturall To this ende to lyue well ought all men mortall And by good righte humane societye is instituted and appointed to lyue together for one to profite another These thinges when wee shall consider vppon wee shall well perceyue that we ought to helpe and prouide for our natiue countrye The little Bees and Antes being creatures not only the least of all others but also dumbe and deafe oughte to be examples vnto vs whiche vndoubtedlye do laboure one for another they swarme together they keepe theim selues together they are preserued altogether wyth like