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A42291 Spanish letters: historical, satyrical, and moral; of the famous Don Antonio de Guevara Bishop of Mondonedo, chief minister of state, and historiographer royal to the Emperor Charles V. Written by way of essay on different subjects, and every where intermixt with both raillerie and gallantry. Recommended by Sir Roger L'Estrange, and made English from the best original by Mr. Savage. Guevara, Antonio de, Bp., d. 1545?; Savage, John, 1673-1747.; L'Estrange, Roger, Sir, 1616-1704. 1697 (1697) Wing G2182A; ESTC R216443 91,517 200

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and Burnt he was very sensibly griev'd and the Tears falling fast from his Eyes he said O happy Numantia which the Gods have indeed suffer'd to Perish but never to be overcome The Prosperity of Numantia lasted 466 Years for that was the interval between the building of it by Numa Pompilius and its destruction by the great Scipio Africanus In these Ages there were Three Cities that gave most trouble to the Romans Elia in Asia Carthage in Africk and Numantia in Europe All which were at length totally subverted but never Conquer'd by them Prince Iugurtha being then but Twenty two Years of Age came out of Africk to the assistance of Scipio and behaved himself with so great Bravery that he was extreamly valued by the Consul and afterwards highly honour'd at Rome All who have writ of this Siege say the Romans never sustained greater losses had so many Men destroyed spent so much Money nor suffer'd so great disgrace as there and the reason they gave was because their other Wars were always grounded upon some wrong received when this against Numantia was meerly raised through envy To say the City Zamora was ever Numantia is both false and ridiculous for unless all Histories deceive us from the building of Numantia till Zamora was founded there were 733 Years Did Pliny Pomponius Ptolemy and Strabo say that Numantia was near the River Duero it would be dubious whether Soria or Zamora were it But on the contrary these Authors affirm it was built near the Springs of Duero whence may be concluded that Zamora being Thirty Leagues from these Springs and Soria but Five it must be Soria and not Zamora Yet there are three different opinions concerning its Scituation some saying it stood where Soria does now others that it was on the other side of the River on a Hill and others that it was a League from thence where is now a Town called Garray And in my Judgment by what I have seen of the three places this last is the most probable Assertion many pieces of Antiquity being there found and many Ruins of Stately buildings there to be seen Those who have writ concerning Numantia are Pliny Strabo Ptolemy Trogus Pompeius Pollio Trebellius Vulpitius Isidorus Iustin and Marcus Ancius LETTER XIV To Don Alonso de Albornoz shewing it sign of ill breeding not to answer a Letter Also laying down the dangers of Matrimony and likewise containing some pleasant News from Court The whole embellish'd with biting Railleries and serious Reflections SIR IF the Lady Donna Maria to whom you are contracted admires your Person as much as I blame your laziness you may safely Marry without danger of repenting and yet I think I am not a little bold when I say you will not repent Marrying for in Truth I could wish I were as sincerely sorrowful for my Sins as some are penitent after entring into that State To Marry a Woman is very easie but to hold out to the last in my opinion very difficult and from thence it comes that those who Marry for Love commonly live in Sorrow For considering the frequent distasts that happen in a Family the burden of the Wife care of Children wants of the House charge of Servants importunities of Relations and adoration which Fathers-in-Law commonly expect if all these things will not oblige a Maried Man to repent at least I 'm sure they must needs tire him The Philosopher Mirtus being asked Why he did not Marry Answered Because when I take a Wife if she be good I shall not care to lose her if bad must endure her if poor maintain her if rich bear with her if ugly shall hate her and if beautiful must watch her But what is yet worst of all I must then resign my liberty to one that will never thank me for it Riches produce Care Poverty Afflictions the Sea Dangers Eating too much Surfeits and Travels Weariness But nevertheless these Troubles are divided among many when Married people have them altogether for the Married Man is commonly full of Care Sad Weary Surfeited nay and Frighted to Boot I say Frighted at the imagination of what may befall him or his Wife attempt He who meets with a Wife that is Foolish Wild Talkative Loose Licke●ish Mutinous Lazy given to Ramble Incorrigible Jealous Imperious or Lewd that Wretch had much better been a Slave to a good Man than Husband to such a Woman It is hard 't is true to humour some Men but much more difficult to know any Woman The reason is because they have neither measure in their Love nor bounds in their H●te I will not perhaps I dare not say more as to this particular for should I set about it and let my Pen run at liberty I might want time but never matter to write upon It is not without cause I have said I was offended at your laziness for it is now about half a year since I writ to you and yet you never answer'd me one line and Iohn de Ocana came afterwards and then you did not write so that on the one hand you may well be term'd Lazy and on the other negligent Take it for a Rule never to neglect answering him that took the pains to write to you for to answer our Superiors is an act of necessity our equals demonstration of good will but to write to our Inferiours is no ordinary Virtue Alexander the Great was wont to write to Pulio his Farrier Iulius Caesar to Rufus his Gardner Augustus to Pamplilus his Smith Tiberius to Scaurus his Miller Tullius to Myrrhus his Taylor and Seneca to Gyphus his Baily whence we may infer it is no disgrace either to write to or answer mean Persons Paulus Emilius writing to his Plowman uses these Words I received your Message by Argeus and my answer is that I send you an Ox to Yoak with the other and the Cart new mended therefore Plow the Land well Prune the Vine handsomly clear the Trees from Caterpillars and always remember the Goddess Ceres Curius Dentatus being in the Army against Pyrrhus King of Epirus writ to a Carpenter after this manner Cneius Patroclus told me you were at work on my House take care the Timber be well seasoned make the lights towards the South let not the Roof be high but Rooms light the Bath close and Chimney not smoaky make two Windows and but one Door Alexander the Great writing to his Farrier said I sent you a Horse that was presented me by the Athenians he and I were Wounded in the same Fight walk him well every day dress his Wound carefully pare his Feet sparingly and have a care of nailing him slit his Nostrils wash his Tail and let him not grow over fat for no Horse that is foul can endure me in the Field We read of the famous Tyrant Phalaris that never Man did him service which he did not requite nor sent him Letter which he did not answer Historians do not relate as a
Men would neither exceed in Eating or Grieving Diseases would not find wherewithal to Prey upon us nor vexations to torment us for if we observe the common cause of all our Misery proceeds either from our Appetites or our Fancy Experience teaches us every day that Madmen Fools and Blockheads are the only healthy and happy People for they neither trouble themselves with Honour nor are sensible of any affront When on the contrary the Wise and Discreet are not only concern'd for what Men say but also for what they imagine they think There are some so very conceitedly acute that they will not content themselves to put their own constructions upon Words but also think it for their Honour to guess at other Men's thoughts which only occassions them to be a plague to themselves and to deserve the Ill-will of every body else I dare affirm no Poyson can prove so pernicious to Humane Life as prosound Melancholy for then the Afflicted Heart wearies it self out with Sighing and bursts it self with Sobbing And moreover I will be positive that amongst the wisest of this World cares occasion more Distempers than Gluttony for we may every day observe the Brisk and Sprightly to be fat and well Complexion'd When the Melancholy and Heavy are for the most part Thin Lean and Consumptive I must confess to your Grace upon this occasion that the late Feaver I had proceeded rather from Thoughts than Victuals for if I had not perplext my self about a trifling assair I might now have been able to eat a Belly full without any danger You write me Sir you have got a great Rheum by Sleeping on the ground in this hot Month of August and I am much of your opinion for where Sweating sometimes relieves it oftner occasions Coughing that does us a great deal of injury Also I understand by your Letter you would have me send you some News But I must inform you that in this Court there is little to be trusted to Paper and much to be spoken in the Ear for matters belonging to Princes and great Men may indeed be heard but withal must never be divulg'd Here and elsewhere I have often observ'd Men profit themselves by silence when others have been ruin'd by their Babling Wherefore I must needs beg your Grace's Excuse for the present and when we next meet my Tongue shall endeavour to make good the defaults of my Pen. No more but God keep your Grace always under his Sacred Protection Burgos Octob. 15. 1524. LETTER IX To Don John Parelloso That we may be serviceable to Women in their Husbands Absence but are not to Visit ' em SIR ALexander the Great being in Egypt a poor Man named Biancius came to Ask his Leave and Charity to Marry his Daughter both which the good Prince not only readily granted but also gave him moreover the Command of a very rich and populous City whereupon the frighted Egyptian thus spoke to the generous Emperor Consider mighty Prince what you give and to whom you are so bountiful for otherwise perhaps it may one day happen you 'l think your s●lf as much deceiv'd in the Person as I am supriz'd with the Gift To which the Noble Monarch instantly reply'd I am not overseen in what I proffer nor to whom I give neither am I ignorant of what you Ask Take therefore the City and be silent for where you request only like Biancius I grant as Alexander The most Serene Queen Cleopatra tho she were to be blam'd for the loosness of her Life yet the generosity of her Gifts were much more commendable for they seldom barely suffic'd to relieve a Necessity but also frequently extended to support a Noble Title I mention these two Examples Sir because in return for my News of the Emperor's coming into Spain I ask'd a Pot of Portugal Marmalade and you sent me a strong Mule in a manner that herein I might be said to represent Biancius the Egyptian as you Alexander the Great All that hereafter hear or read of this will praise my Modesty where they will surely extoll your Bounty for if I have shew'd my self little Covetous by my Demands you have been abundantly more Generous in your Gift I was some time since to see your Present and have often prov'd and approv'd of him and find him of so good size and so very gentle that in my Opinion he deserves to be bestrid not only by a Mitre but even by a Cardinal's Cap. My Servant nevertheless brings you him again and this Letter testifies my hearty Thanks for the use of him for tho Friends may be allow'd to be serviceable to one another yet they are by no means to spur a free Horse to death so that as you have been sufficiently generous in lending your Mule so long I think my self no less oblig'd to return him as soon as I have done True Friends are to be sparing of Words but prodigal of good Works and therefore I promise on the Word of a Christian when the Emperor pays me for my Services I 'll recompence you for your Civilities By yours you desire to know how Messer Angelo's Wife does and whether I have heard from her Husband since he went for Italy and this because she is your Aunt and he was formerly my Neighbour But hereupon I must tell you I have neither seen nor intend to see her unless she sends for me For tho we are oblig'd to be serviceable to Women in their Husband's absence yet we are by no means to Visit ' em Two things are neither to be lent nor trusted and they are the Sword you wear and a Wife you have Married for in Spain a Husband looks but very awkward without either a Sword by his Side or a Wife in his Bosom The Chast Lucretia's Husband Colatinus being in the Camp against the Volscians Dissolute Tarquin would needs Visit her from whence ensued his Incensing Rome the ruine of their Army the Heroine's Suicide and his own Destruction I say this Sir because where we may be allow'd to assist our Friends Wives with Money during their Husband's absence and solicit any Affair for 'em when desired we are by no means to assume a liberty of Treating and making 'em Visits and this because the Malice of Men is diligent as the Honour of Women nice therefore we must take more than ordinary care we neither give their Neighbours cause of suspicion nor Husbands of Jealousie As to what you farther desire I will speak to the Lord Chancellor with all my Heart and if he does not happen to comply with your expectations you shall soon have an account A Man that has to do with the Court must neither want Patience nor abound with Assurance for there an Ounce of Fortune is always worth more than a Hundred weight of Desert We see every day here Matters of greatest Right over-ruled when such as have the least pretence shall be almost sure to succeed in a manner that