better be received into the voyd and empty capacity of the belly for this reason the bladder is also to be emptied for otherwise it were dangerous lest that the wombe lying betweene them both being full should be kept down and cannot be put up into its owne proper place by reason therof Also vomiting is supposed to be a singular remedy to draw up the womb that is fallen down furthermore also it purgeth out the phlegme which did moisten and relaxe the ligaments of the wombe for as the wombe in the time of copulation at the beginning of the conception is moved downewards to meet the seed so the stomacke even of its owne accord is sifted upwards when it is provoked by the injury of anything that is contrary unto it to cast it out with greater violence but when it is so raised up it drawes up together therewith the peritonaeum the wombe and also the bodie or parts annexed unto it If it cannot bee cured or restored unto its place by these prescribed remedies and that it be ulcerated and so putrefyed that it cannot be restored unto his place againe we are commanded by the precepts of art to cut it away and then to cure the womb according to art but first it should be tyed and as much as is necessary must bee cut off and the rest seared with a cautery There are some women that have had almost all their wombe cut off without any danger of their life as Paulus testifieth John Langius Physitian to the Count Palatine writeth that Carpus the Chirurgian tooke out the wombe of a woman of Bononia he being present and yet the woman lived and was very well after it Antonius Benivenius Physitian of Florence writeth that hee was called by Ugolius the Physitian to the cure of a woman whose wombe was corrupted and fell away from her by peeces and yet shee lived ten yeeres after it There was a certaine woman being found of body of good repute and about the age of thirty yeers in whom shortly after she had been married the second time which was in Anno 1571. having no childe by her first husband the lawfull signes of a right conception did appear yet in processe of time there arose about the lower part of her privities the sense or feeling of a waight or heavinesse being so troublesome unto her by reason that it was painefull and also for that it stopped her urine that she was constrained to disclose her mischance to Christopher Mombey a Chirurgian her neighbour dwelling in the suburbs of S. Germans who having seen the tumour or swelling in her groine asswaged the paine with mollifying and anodine fomentations and cataplasmes but presently after he had done this hee found on the inner side of the lip of the orifice of the necke of the wombe an apostume rotten running as if it had bin out of an abscesse newly broken with sanious matter somewhat red yellow pale running out a long time Yet for all this the feeling of the heaviness or waight was nothing diminished but did rather encrease daily so that from the yeere of our Lord 1573. she could not turne herselfe being in bed on this or that side unlesse she layed her hand on her belly to beare and ease her selfe of the waight and also she said when she turned her self she seemed to feele a thing like unto a bowle to rowle in her body unto the side whereunto she turned her selfe neither could shee goe to stoole or avoyd her excrements standing or sitting unlesse shee lifted up that waight with her hands towards her stomacke or midriffe when shee was about to go she could scarce set forwards her feet as if there had something hanged between her thighes that did hinder her going At certaine seasons that rotten apostume would open or unclose of it selfe and flow or run with its wonted sanious matter but then she was grievously vexed with paine of the head and all her members swouning loathing vomiting and almost chosing so that by the perswasion of a foolish woman she was induced and contented to take Antimonium the working and strength thereof was so great and violent that after many vomits with many frettings of the guts and watry dejections or stooles she thought her fundament fell downe but being certified by a woman that was a familiar friend of hers unto whom she shewed her selfe that there was nothing fallen downe at or from her fundament but it was from her wombe shee called in the yeere of our Lord 1575. Chirurgians as my selfe James Guillemeau and Antony Vieux that we might helpe her in this extremity When we had diligently and with good consideration weighed the whole estate of her disease wee agreed with one consent that that which was fallen down should bee cut away because that by the blacke colour stinking and other such signes it gave a manifest testimony of a putrefyed and corrupted thing Therefore for two daies wee drew out the body by little and little and piece-meale which seemed unto the Physicians that wee had called as Alexius Gaudinus Feureus and Violaneus and also to our selves to be the body of the wombe which thing we proved to bee so because one of the testicles came out whole and also a thicke membrane or skin being the relick of the mola which being suppurated and the abscesse broken came out by little and little in matter after that all this body was so drawne away the sicke woman began to waxe better and better yet notwithstanding for the space of nine dayes before it was taken away she voided nothing by siege and her urine also was stopped for the space of foure daies After this all things became as they were before and shee lived in good health three moneths after and then died of a Pleurisie that came on her very suddenly and I having opened her body observing and marking everything very diligently could not finde the wombe at all but instead thereof there was a certaine hard and callous body which nature who is never idle had framed in stead thereof to supply the want thereof or to fill the hollownesse of the belly CHAP. XLII Of the tunicle or membrane called Hymen IN some virgins or maidens in the orifice of the neck of the womb there is found a certaine tunicle or membrane called of antient writers Hymen which prohibiteth the copulation of a man and causeth a woman to be barren this tunicle is supposed by many and they not of the common sort onely but also learned Physitians to be as it were the enclosure of the virginity or maiden-head But I could never finde it in any seeking of all ages from three to twelve of all that I had under my hands in the Hospitall of Paris Yet once I saw it in a virgin of seaventeene yeeres whom her mother had contracted to a man and she knew neverthelesse there was something in her privie parts
it is of the same colour as the hair of the land-hare is it hath a hole in the head out of which hee putteth a certaine peece of flesh and pluckes it backe againe when as he is seene Paulus Aëtius Pliny Galen and Nicander are of one opinion and agree in this that if a woman big with child do too earnestly look upon one she will vomit presently after abort They which have drunk this poyson saith Dioscorides are troubled with paine in the belly and their urine is stopped If they doe make water then is it bloody they run downe with stinking sweat which smels of fish a cholericke vomiting sometimes mixed with blood ensues thereon Aëtius writes that all their bodies turne yellow their faces swell and their feete but chiefly their genitall member which is the cause they cannot make water freely Galen writes that it is the property of the Sea-hare to exulcerate the Lungs Their Antidote is Asses milke Muskedine or honyed Wine continually drunken or a decoction of the roots and leaves of Mallowes It is good for the falling away of the haire I have here given you the figure thereof out of Rondeletius his book of fishes The figure of a Sea-Hare CHAP. XXXIV Of the Poyson of Cats NOt onely the braine of a Cat being eaten is poysonous and deadly to man but also their haire their breath yea and their very presence to some prove deadly For although any hair devoured unawares may be enough to choake one by stopping the instruments of respiration yet the haires of cat by a certaine occult propertie are judged most dangerous in this case besides also their breath is infected with a certain hurtfull malignitie For Mathiolus saith that he knew some who being so delighted with Cats that they could never go to bed without them have by so often drawing in the aire with their breath fallen into a consumption of the Lungs which occasioned their death Moreover it is manifest that the very sight of their eies is hurtfull which appeares by this that some but seeing or hearing them presently fall downe in a sowne yet I would not judge that to happen by the malicious virulency of the Cat but also by the peculiar nature of the party and a quality generated with him and sent from heaven When as saith Mathiolus a certaine Germaine in winter time came with us into a stove to supper where as were divers of our acquaintance a certaine woman knowing this mans nature lest that hee should see her kitling which shee kept and so should goe away in a chafe she shut her up in a cupboard in the same chamber But for all that hee did not see her neither heard her cry yet within a little space when hee had drawne in the aire infected with the breath of the Cat that quality of temperament contrary or enemy to Cats being provoked he began to sweat to looke pale and to cry out all of us admiring it Here lies a Cat in some corner or other neither could he be quiet untill the Cat was taken away But such as have eaten the braines of a Cat are taken with often Vertigoes and now and then become foolish and mad they are helped by procuring vomit and taking the Antidote against this poyson that is halfe a Scruple of Muske dissolved and drunke in wine There bee some who prescribe the confection Diamoschâ—m to bee taken every morning foure houres before meat By this you may gather that it is not so fabulous that the common sort report that Cats will kill or harme children for lying to their mouthes with the weight of their whole bodies they hinder the passage forth of the fuliginous vapours and the motion of the Chest and infect and stifle the spirits of tender infants by the pestiferous aire and exhalation which they send forth CHAP. XXXV Of certaine poysonous Plants HAving described the poysons that come from living creatures I come to speake of such as are from Plants beginning with the Sardonian herb which is also called Apium risus this is a kinde of Ranunculus or Crow-foote and as it is thought the round leaved water Crow-foote called Marsh-crow-foote or speare-wort it taketh away the understanding of such as eate thereof and by a certaine distention of the nerves contracts the cheekes so that it makes them looke as if they laughed from this affect came that proverbiall speech of the Sardonian laughter taken in evill part His Bezoar as one may terme it is the juice of Balme The juice fruit and substance of Napellus taken inwardly killeth a man the same day or at the furthest in three dayes yea and such as escape the deadly force thereof by the speedy and convenient use of Antidotes fall into a hecticke feaver or consumption or become subject to the falling sicknesse as Avicen affirmeth And hence it is that barbarous people poyson their arrowes therewith For the lippes are forthwith inflamed and the tongue so swells that by reason thereof it cannot bee conteined in the mouth but hangs out with great horrour their eyes are enflamed and stand forth of their head and they are troubled with a Vertigo and sowning they become so weake that they cannot stirre their legges they are swollen and puffed in their bodies the violence of the poyson is so great The Antidote thereof is a certaine little creature like a Mouse which is bred and lives on the root of Napellus being dryed and drunke in pouder to the weight of two drammes In want hereof you may use the seed of Raddish or Turneps to drinke and anoint the body also with the oile of Scorpions Dorycinum and Solanum Manicum or deadly night-shade are not much different in their mortall symptomes or effects Dorycinum being drunke resembleth milk in tast it causeth continuall hicketting it troubleth the tongue with the weight of the humour it causeth blood to bee cast forth of the mouth and certaine mucous matter out of the belly like that which commeth away in the bloody fluxe A remedy hereto are all shell Fishes as well crude as roasted also sea-lobsters and crabbes and the broth or liquor wherein they are boyled being drunke Now the root of Solanum manicum drunke in the weight of one dram in wine causeth vaine and not unpleasing imaginations but double this quantity causeth a distraction or alienation of the minde for three dayes but foure times so much kills The remedies are the same as these prescribed against Dorycinum Henbane drunken or otherwise taken inwardly by the mouth causeth an alienation of the minde like drunkenness this also is accompanied with an agitation of the body and exolution of the spirits like sowning But amongst others this is a notable symptome that the patients so dote that they thinke themselves to be whipped whence their voice becomes so various that somtimes they bray like an asse or mule neigh like
to plentifull feeding it endureth almost for the space of seven dayes Some call them purgations because that by this fluxe all a womans body is purged of super fluous humours There bee some also that call those fluxes the flowers because that as in plants the flower buddeth out before the fruits so in women kinde this flux goeth before the issue or the conception thereof For the courses flow not before a woman bee able to conceive for how should the seede being cast into the wombe have his nourishment and encrease and how should the child have his nourishment when it is formed of the seed if this necessary humour were wanting in the wombe yet it may bee some women may conceive without this fluxe of the courses but that is in such as have so much of the humour gathered together as is wont to remaine in those which are purged although it bee not so great a quantity that it may flow out as it is recorded by Aristotle But as it is in some very great and in some very little so it is in some seldome and in some very often There are some that are purged twice and some thrice in a moneth but it is altogether in those who have a great liver large veines and are filled and fed with many and greatly nourishing meats which sit idely at home all day which having slept all night doe notwithstanding lye in bed sleeping a great part of the day also which live in a hot moyst rainie and southerly ayre which use warme bathes of sweet waters and gentle frictions which use and are greatly delighted with carnall copulation in these and such like women the courses flow more frequently and abundantly But contrariwise in those that have small and obscure veines in those that have their bodies more furnished and bigge either with flesh or with fat are more seldome purged and also more sparingly because that the superfluous quantity of bloud useth to goe into the habit of the body Also tender delicate and faire women are lesse purged than those that are browne and endued with a more compact flesh because that by the rarity of their bodies they suffer a greater wasting or dissipation of their substance by transpiration Moreover they are not so greatly purged with this kind of purgation which have some other solemne or accustomed evacuation in any other place of their body as by the nose or hemorrhoids And as concerning their age old women are purged when the Moone is old and young women when the Moone is new as it is thought I thinke the cause thereof is for that the Moone ruleth moyst bodies for by the variable motion thereof the Sea floweth and ebbeth and bones marrow and plants abound with their genitall humour Therefore young people which have much bloud and more fluxible and their bodies more fluxible are soone moved unto a fluxe although it bee even in the first quarter of the Moones risingor increasing but the humours of old women because they wax stiffe as it were with cold are not so abundant and have more dense bodies and straighter vessels are not so apt to a fluxe nor do they so easily flow except it bee in the full of the Moon or else in the decrease that is to say because the bloud that is gathered in the full of the Moon falls from the body even of its own weight for that by reason of the decreasing or wane of the Moone this time of the month is more cold and moyst CHAP. L. The causes of the monethly flux or courses BEcause a woman is more cold and therefore hath the digestive faculty more weake it commeth to passe that shee requireth and desireth more meate or foode than shee can digest or concoct And because that superfluous humour that remaineth is not digested by exercise nor by the efficacy of strong and lively heat therefore by the providence or benefit of nature it floweth out by the veines of the wombe by the power of the expulsive faculty at its owne certaine and prefixed season or time But then especially it beginneth to flow and a certaine crude portion of bloud to bee expelled being hurtfull and maligne otherwise in no quality when nature hath laid her principall foundations of the encrease of the body so that in greatnesse of the body she hath come as it were in a manner to the highest toppe that is to say from the thirteenth to the fiftieth yeare of our age Moreover the childe cannot bee formed in the wombe nor have his nutriment or encrease without this fluxe therefore this is another finall cause of the monethly flux Many are perswaded that women do farre more abound with bloud than men considering how great an abundance of bloud they cast forth of their secret parts every moneth from the thirteenth to the fiftieth yeare of their age how much women great with childe of whom also many are menstruall yeelde unto the nutriment and encrease of the childe in their wombes and how much Physicians take from women that are with childe by opening of a veine which otherwise would bee delivered before their naturall and prefixed time how great a quantity thereof they avoid in the birth of their children and for ten or twelve daies after and how great a quantity of milk they spend for the nourishment of the child when they give sucke which milke is none other thing than blood made white by the power of the kernels that are in the dugges which doth suffice to nourish the childe be he great or little yet notwithstanding many nurses in the meane while are menstruall and as that may be true so certainely this is true that one dramme that I may so speake of a mans blood is of more efficacy to nourish and encrease than two pounds of womans blood because it is farre more perfect more concocted wrought and better replenished with abundance of spirits whereby it commeth to passe that a man endued with a more strong heat doth more easily convert what meat soever he eateth unto the nourishment substance of his body if that any superfluity remains he doth easily digest and scatter it by insensible transpiration But a woman being more cold than a man because shee taketh more than shee can concoct doth gather together more humours which because shee cannot disperse by reason of the unperfectnesse and weakenesse of her heat it is necessary that shee should suffer and have her monethly purgation especially when shee groweth unto some bignesse but there is no such need in a man CHAP. LI. The causes of the suppression of the courses or menstruall fluxe THe courses are suppressed or stopped by many causes as by sharpvehement and long diseases by feare sorrow hunger immoderate labours watchings fluxes of the belly great bleeding hoemorrhoides fluxes of blood at the mouth and evacuations in any other part of the body whatsoever often opening of
thereof 101. Ring-wormes 264. Rotula genu 231. Rough artery 156. Rowlers see Bandages Rules of Surgery 1119. Rumpe the fractures thereof 575. The dislocation thereof 607. The cure ibid. Ruptures 304. Their kindes ibid. Their cure 305. 306. 307. 311. S. SAcer musculus 207. Sacrae venae 117. Sacro-lumbus musculus 206. Salamander the symptomes that ensue upon his poyson and the cure 793. Salivation 38. Sanguine persons their manners and diseases 17. Sapheia vena when and where to be opened 224. Sarcocele 304. The progrostickes and cure 312. Sarcotickes simple and compound 1044. None truely such ibid. Scabious the effect thereof against a pestilent Carbuncle 860. Scailes how knowne to be severed from the bones 586. Scailes of Brasse their poysonous quality and cure 810. Of iron their harme and cure ibid. Scald-head the signes and cure thereof 638. Scalenus musculus 205. Scalpe hairy scalpe 160. Scaphoides os 234. Scarrs how to helpe their deformity 861. Scarus a fish 67. Sceleton 239. 240. 241. what 242. Sciatica the cause c. 719. The cure 720. Scirrhus what 278. What tumours referred thereto 254. The differences signes and prognosticks 278. Cure ibid. Scorpion bred in the braine by smelling to Basill 761. Their description sting and cure 797. Scrophulae their cause and cure 274. Scull and the bones thereof 162. The fractures thereof See Fractures Depression thereof how helped 344. Where to be trepaned 369. Sea feather and grape 1007. Sea-hare his description poyson and the cure thereof 803. Seasons of the yeare 10. Secundine why presently to be taken away after the birth of the childe 904. Why so called 906. Causes of the stay and symptoms that follow thereon ibid. Seed bones 220. 236. Seed the condition of that which is good 885. The qualities 888. The ebullition thereof c. 893. Why the greatest portion therof goes to the generation of the head and brain 894. Seeing the instrument object c. thereof 24. Semicupium the forme manner and use thereof 1073. Semispinatus musculus 207. Sense common sense and the functions thereof 896. Septum lucidum 167. Septicke medicines 1046. Serpent Haemorrous his bite cure 791. Seps his bite and cure ibid. Basiliske his bite and cure 792. Aspe his bite and cure 794. Snake his bite and cure 795. Serratus musculus major 206. posterior superior ibid. minor 208. Serous humour 15. Sesamoidia ossa 220. 236. Seton wherefore good 381. the manner of making thereof ibid. Sepe what and the difference thereof 27â— Histories of the change thereof 974. Shame and shame fac'tnesse their effects 40 Shin bone 231. Shoulder-blade the fractures thereof 569. the cure 570. the dislocation 608. the first manner of restoring it 609. the second manner 610. the third maner 611. the fourth manner ibid. the fifth 612. the sixth 614. how to restore it dislocated forwards 617. outwards 618. upwards ibid. Signes of sanguine cholericke phlegmatick and melancholick persons 17. 18. Signes in generall whereby to judge of diseases 1122. c. Silkewormes their industry 60. Similar parts how many and which 81. Simple medicines their difference in qualities and effects 1029. hot cold moist drie in all degrees 1031. 1032. their accidentall qualities 1032. their preparation 1037. Siren 1001. Skin twofold the utmost or scarfe-skin 88. the true skin 89. the substance magnitude c. thereof ib. Sleepe what it is 35. the fit time the use and abuse thereof 36. when hurtfull 277. how to procure it 850. Smelling the object and medium thereof 24. Snake his bite and the cure 795. Solanum manicum the poysonous quality and cure 805. Soleus musculus 238. Solution of continuitie 42. why harder to repaire in bones 562. Sorrow the effects thereof 39. Soule or life what it performes in plants beasts men 7. when it enters into mans body c. 895. Sounds whence the difference 191. Southerne people how tempered 17. South winde why pestilent 823. Sowning what the causes and cure 334. Sparrowes with what care they breed their young 58. Spermatica arteria 114 vena 116. Spermatick vessels in men 119. in women 126. the cause of their foldings 887. Sphincter muscle of the fundament 106. of the bladder 124. Spiders their industry 58. their differences and bites 798. Spinall marrow the coats substance use c. thereof 175. signes of the wounds thereof 389. Spinatus musculus 205. Spine the dislocation thereof 602. 603. how to restore it 604. a further enquirie thereof 605. prognosticks 606. Spirit what 25. threefold viz. Animall Vitall and Naturall 25. 26. fixed ib. their use 27. Spirits how to be extracted out of herbs and flowers c. 1105. Spleene the substance magnitude figure c. thereof 111 112. Splenius musculus 201. Splints and their use 559. Spring the temper thereof 10. Squinancie the differences symptomes c. thereof 296. the cure 297. Stapes one of the bones of the Auditorie passage 163. 191. Staphiloma an affect of the eyes the causes thereof 649. Stars how they worke upon the Aire 30. Steatoma what 271. Sternon the anatomicall administration thereof 139. Sternutamentories their description and use 1068. Stinging of Bees Wasps Scorpions c. see Bees Wasps Scorpions c. Sting-Ray the symptomes that follow his sting and the cure 802. Stink an inseparable companion of putrefaction 318. Stomacke the substance magnitude c. thereof 103. the orifices thereof 104. signes of the wounds thereof 396. the ulcers thereof 480. Stones see Testicles Stone the causes thereof 664. signes of it in the kidneyes and bladder ibid. prognostickes 666. the prevention thereof 667. what to bee done when the stone falls into the ureter 669. signes it is fallen out of the ureter into the bladder 670. what to be done when it is in the necke of the bladder or the passage of the yard 671. how to cut for the stone in the bladder 672. 673. 674. c. how to cure the wound 679. to help the ulcer when the urine flowes out by it 681. how to cut women for the stone 682. divers strange ones mentioned 996. 997. Storkes their piety 61. Stoves how to be made 1077. Strangury the causes c. thereof 688. a virulent one what 738. the causes and differences thereof ibid. prognostickes 739. from what part the matter thereof flowes ibid. the generall cure 740. the proper cure 741. why it succeedeth immoderate copulation 887. Strangulation of the mother or womb 939. signes of the approach thereof 941. the causes and cure 942. Strengthening medicines see Corroborating Strumae see Kings-evill Sublimate see Mercury Subclavian see Arterie and Veine Subclauius musculus 206. Succarath a beast of the west Indies 61 Suffusio see Cataract Sugillations see Contusions Summer the temper thereof 10. Supinatores musculi 221. Suppuration the signes thereof 251. caused by naturall heat 275. Suppuratives 258. 275. 292. an effectuall one 433. their differences c. 1041. how they differ from emollients ibid. Superfoetation what 924. the reason thereof ibid. Suppositories their difference
be applyed sometimes with scarification sometimes without to the necke and shoulders and let frictions and painefull Ligatures be used to the extreme parts But let the humor impact in the part be drawne away by glisters and sharpe suppositories Whilest the matter is in defluxion let the mouth without delay be washed with astringent gargarismes to hinder the defluxion of the humor least by its suddaine falling downe it kill the Patient as it often happens all the Physitions care and diligence not withstanding Therefore let the mouth be frequently washed with Oxycrate or such a gargarisme â„ž Pomorum silvest nu iiij sumach Rosar rub an m. ss berber Ê’ij let them be all boyled with sufficient quantity of water to the consumption of the halfe adding thereunto of the wine of soure Pomegranats â„¥ iiij of diamoron â„¥ ij let it be a litle more boyled and make a gargle according to arte And there may be other Gargarismes made of the waters of Plantaine Night-shade Verjuice Iulep of Roses and the like But if the matter of the defluxion shall be Phlegmaticke Alume Pomgranate pill Cypresse nuts and a litle Vinegar may be safely added But on the contrary repercussives must not be outwardly applyed but rather Lenitives where by the externall parts may be relaxed and rarified and so the way be open either for the diffusing or resolving the portion of the humor You shall know the humor to begin to be resolved if the Feaver leave the patient if he swallow speake and breathe more freely if he sleepe quietly and the paine begin to be much aswaged Therefore then natures endeavor must be helped by applying resolving medicines or else by using suppuratives inwardly and outwardly if the matter seeme to turne into Pus Therefore let gargarismes be made of the roots of March-Mallowes Figgs Iujubes damaske Prunes Dates perfectly boyled in water The like benefit may be had by Gargarismes of Cowes milke with Sugar by oyle of sweete Almonds or Violets warme for such things helpe forward suppuration and aswage paine let suppurating cataplasmes be applyed outwardly to the necke and throate and the parts be wrapped with wooll moistened with oyle of Lillyes When the Physition shall perceive that the humor is perfectly turned into pus let the patients mouth be opened with the Speculum oris and the abscesse opened with a crooked and long incision knife then let the mouth be now and then washed with clensing gargles as â„ž Aquae hordej lib. ss mellis ros syr rosar sic an â„¥ j. fiag gargarisma Also the use of aenomel that is wine and Hony will be fit for this purpose The ulcer being clensed by these means let it be cicatrized with a litle roch-Alume added to the former gargarismes The Figure of an incision knife opened out of the hafte which serves for a sheath thereto CHAP. IX Of the Bronchocele or Rupture of the throate THat which the French call Goetra that the Greeks call Bronchocele the Latines Gutturis Hernia that is the Rupture of the throate For it is a round tumor of the throate the matter wherof comming from within outwards is conteined betweene the skin and weazon it proceeds in weomen from the same cause as an Aneurisma But this generall name of Bronchocele undergoes many differences for sometimes it retaines the nature of Melicerides other whiles of Steatom'as Atheroma's or Aneurisma's in some there is found a fleshy substance having some small paine some of these are small others so great that they seeme almost to cover all the throatt some have a Cyste or bagge others have no such thing all how many so ever they be and what end they shall have may be knowne by their proper signes these which shall be cureable may be opened with an actuall or potentiall cautery or with an incision knife Hence if it be possible let the matter be presently evacuated but if it cannot be done at once let it be performeed at diverse times and discussed by fit remedies and lastly let the ulcer be consolidated and cicatrized CHAP. X. Of the Pleurisie THe Pleurisie is an inflammation of the membrane investing the ribbes caused by subtile and cholericke bloud springing upwards with great violence from the hollow veine into the Axygos and thence into the intercostall veines is at length powred forth into the emptie spaces of the intercostall muscles and the mentioned membrane Being contained there if it tend to suppuration it commonly infers a pricking paine a Feaver and difficulty of breathing This suppurated bloud is purged and evacuated one while by the mouth the Lungs sucking it and so casting it into the Weazon and so into the mouth otherwhiles by urine and sometimes by stoole But if nature being too weake cannot expectorate the purulent blood poured forth into the capacity of the Chest the disease is turned into an Empyema wherefore the Chirurgion must then be called who beginning to reckon from below upwards may make a vent betweene the third and fourth true and legitimate ribs that must be done either with an actuall or potentiall cautery or with a sharpe knife drawne upwards towards the backe but not downwards lest the vessells should be violated which are disseminated under the rib This apertion may be safely and easily performed by this actuall caurtry it is perforated with foure holes through one whereof there is a pin put higher or lower according to the depth manner of your incision then the point thereof is thrust through a plate afiron perforated also in the midst into the part designed by the Physition lest the wavering hand might peradventure touch and so hurt the other parts not to be medled withall This same plate must be somewhat hollowed that so it might be more easily fitted to the gibbous side and bound by the corners on the contrary side with foure strings Wherefore I have thought good here to expresse the figures thereof The Figure of an actuall cantery with its plate fit to be used in a pleurisie But if the patient shall have a large body Chest and ribs you may divide and perforate the ribs themselves with a Trepan howsoever the apertion be made the pus or matter must be evacuated by little and litle at severall times and the capacity of the Chest clensed from the purulent matter by a detergent injection of vj ounces of Barly water and â„¥ ij hony of Roses and other the like things mentioned at large in our cure of wounds CHAP. XI Of the Dropsie THe Dropsie is a Tumor against nature by the aboundance of a waterish humor of flatulencies or Phlegme gathered one while in all the habite of the body otherwhiles in some part and that especially in the capacity of the belly betweene the Peritonaeum and entrailes From this distinction of places and matters there arise divers kinds of Dropses First that Dropsie which fils that space of the belly is either
effects of winters qualities that is of cold and moisture yet by such order and providence of nature that although according to the varieties of seasons our bodies may be variously altered yet shall they receive no detriment thereby if so be that the seasons reteine their seasonablenesse from whence if they happen to digresse they raise and stirre up great perturbations both in our bodies and mindes whose malice we can scarse shunne because they encompasse us on every hand and by the law of nature enter together with the aire into the secret cabinets of our bodies both by occult and manifest passages For who is he that doth not by experience finde both for the commodity and discommodity of his health the various effects of winds wherewith the aire is commixt according as they blow from this or that Region or Quarter of the world Wherefore seeing that the South winde is hot and moist the North wind cold and dry the East wind cleare and fresh the West winde cloudy it is no doubt but that the aire which we draw in by inspiration carries together therewith into the bowells the qualities of that winde which is then prevalent When wee reade in Hippocrates that changes of times whether they happen by different windes or vicissitude of seasons chiefly bring diseases For northerly winds doe condense and strengthen our bodies and makes them active well coloured and daring by resuscitating and vigorating the native heare But southerne windes resolve and moisten our bodies make us heavy headed dull the hearing cause giddinesse and make the eyes and body lesse agile as the Inhabitants of Narbon finde to their great harme who are otherwise ranked among the most active people of France But if wee would make a comparison of the seasons and constitutions of a yeare by Hippocrates decree Droughts are more wholesome and lesse deadly than Raines I judge for that too much humiditie is the mother of putrifaction as you learne by these countries which are blowne upon by a winde from Sea For in these flesh which is kept for foode putrefies in the space of an houre and such ulcers as in other places are easily and quickly healed doe there by the conflux and collection of matter become inveterate and contumacious Therefore as when the seasons of the yeare successively fall out agreeable to their nature and when each season is seasonable then either we are not sicke at all or assuredly with lesse danger So on the contrary the perfect constitution and health of our bodies becomes worse and decaies when the seasons of the yeare are depraved and perverted in time and temper Now seeing that these many yeares the foure seasons of the yeare have wanted their seasonablenesse the summer wanting his usuall heate and the winter its cold and all things by moisture and the dominion of the southerne windes have beene humid and languide I thinke there is none so ignorant in naturall Philosophie and Astrologie who will not thinke that the causes of the malignitie and contumacie of those deseases which have so long afflicted all France are not to bee attributed to the aire and Heavens For otherwise whence have so many pestilent and contagious diseases tirannized over so many people of every age sex and condition whence have so many catarrhes coughs and heavinesses of the head so many pleurisies tumors small poxes meazells and Itches not admitting of digestion and remedies prescribed by Art Whence have we had so many venemous creatures as Toades Grashoppers Caterpillers Spiders Waspes Hornets Beetles Snailes Vipers Snakes Lizards Scorpions and Efts or Nutes unlesse from excessive putrefaction which the humidity of the aire our native heate being liquid and dull hath caused in us and the whole kingdome of France Hence also proceedes the infirmity of our native heate and the corruption of the blood and humors whereof we consist which the rainy Southwind hath caused with its sultry heate Wherefore in these last yeares I have drawne little blood which hath not presently shewed the corruption of its substance by the blacke or greenish colour as I have diligently observed in all such as I have bled by the direction of Physitions either for prevention of future or cure of present diseases Whence it comes to passe that the fleshy substance of our bodies could not but be faulty both in temper and consistence seeing that the blood whence it is generated had drawne the seeds of corruption from the defiled aire Whence it fell out that the wounds which happened with losse of substance could be scarse healed or united because of the depraved nature of the blood For so the wounds and ulcers of these which are troubled with the Dropsie whose blood is more cold or wholly waterish so of Leprous persons whose blood is corrupt and lastly of all such as have their bodies replete with ill juice or else are Cachecticke will not easily admit of cure Yea assuredly if but the very part which is hurt swerve from its native temper the wound will not easily bee cured Therefore seeing all these things both the putrefaction of the Aire and depraved humors of the body and also the distemper of the affected parts conspired together to the destruction of the wounded what marvaile was it if in these late civill warres the wounds which were for their quantity small for the condition of the wounded parts but little have caused so many and grievous accidents and lastly death it selfe Especially seeing that the Aire which encompasseth us tainted with putrefaction corrupts and defiles the wounds by inspiration and expiration the body and humours being already disposed or inclined to putrefaction Now there came such a stincke which is a most assured signe of putresaction from these wounds when they were dressed that such as stood by could scarse endure it neither could this stinke bee attributed to the want of dressing or fault of the Chirurgion for the wounds of the Princes and Nobility stunke as ill as these of the common Souldiers And the corruption was such that if any chanced to bee undrest for one day which sometimes happened amongst such a multitude of wounded persons the next day the wound would be full of wormes Besides also which furthermore argues a great putrifaction of humors many had Abscesses in parts opposite to their wounds as in the left knee when as the right shoulder was wounded in the left arme when as the right Leg was hurt Which I remember befell the King of Navarre the Duke of Nevers the Lord Rendan and divers others For all men had nature so overcharged with abundance of vicious humors that if it expelled not part thereof by impostumes to the habite of the body it certainly otherwise disposed of it amongst the inner parts of the body for in dissecting dead bodies wee observed that the Spleene Liver Lungs and other Bowells were purulent and hence it was that the patients by reason of vapours sent from them to
and is complicated in its selfe Vlcers of the bladder are healed with the same medicines as those of the reines are but these not onely taken by the mouth but also injected by the urinary passage These injections may be made of Gordonius his Trochisces formerly prescribed being dissolved in some convenient liquor but because Vlcers of the bladder cause greater and more sharpe paine than those of the Kidnyes therefore the Chirurgion must bee more diligent in using Anodynes For this purpose I have often by experience found that the oyle of hen-bane made by expression gives certaine helpe Hee shall doe the same with Caraplasmes and liniments applyed to the parts about the Pecten and all the lower belly and perinaeum as also by casting in of Glisters If that they stinke it will not be amisse to make injection of a little Aegyptiacum dissolved in wine plaintaine or rose water For I have often used this remedy in such a case with very prosperous successe CHAP. XIX Of the Vlcers of the wombe VLcers are bred in the wombe either by the confluxe of an acride or biting humor fretting the coates thereof or by a tumor against nature degenerating into an Absesse or by a difficult and hard labour they are knowne by paine at the perinaeum and the effluxe of Pus and Sanâ—es by the privity All of them in the opinion of Avicen are either putride when as the Sanies breaking forth is of a stinking smell and in colour resembles the water wherein flesh hath beene washed or else sordide when as they flow with many virulent and crude humors or else are eating or spreading Vlcers when as they cast forth blacke Sanies and have pulsation joyned with much paine Besides they differ amongst themselves in site for either they possesse the necke and are known by the sight by putting in a speculum or else are in the bottome and are manifested by the condition of the more liquid and serous excrements and the site of the paine They are cured with the same remedies wherewith the ulcers of the mouth to wit with aqua fortis the oyle of Vitrioll and antimony and other things made somewhat more milde and corrected with that moderation that the ulcerated parts of the wombe may bee safely touched with them it is requisite that the remedies which are applyed to the Vlcers of the wombe doe in a moment that which is expected of them for they cannot long adhere or sticke in the wombe as neither to the mouth Galen saith that very drying medicines are exceeding fit for the Vlcers of the wombe that so the putrefaction may be hindred or restrained whereto this part as being hot and moyst is very subject besides that the whole body unto this part as unto a sinke sends downe its excrements If an ulcer take hold of the bottome of the wombe it shall be cleansed and the part also strengthened by making this following injection â„ž hordei integri p. ij guajaci â„¥ j. rad Ireos â„¥ ss absinth plant centaur utriusque an M. j fiat decoct in aqua fabrorum ad lb. ij in quibus dissolve mellis vosati syrupi de absinthio an â„¥ iij. fiat injectio For amending the stinking smell I have often had certaine experience of this ensuing remedy â„ž vinirub lb. j. unguent agyptiaci â„¥ ij bulliant parum Thus the putrifaction may be corrected and the painefull maliciousnesse of the humor abated Vlcers when they are clensed must presently be cicatrized that may be done with Alume water the water of plantaine wherein a little vitrioll or Alume have beene dissolved Lastly if remedies nothing availing the Vlcer turne into a Cancer it must be dressed with anodynes and remedies proper for a Cancer which you may finde set downe in the proper treatise of Cancers The cure of Vlcers of the fundament was to bee joyned to the cure of these of the wombe but I have thought good to referre it to the treatise of Fistula's as I doe the cure of these of the vrinary passage to the Treatise of the Lues venerea CHAP. XX. Of the Varices and their cure by cutting AVarix is the dilatation of a Veine some whiles of one and that a simple branch otherwhiles of many Every Varix is either straight or crooked and as it were infolded into certaine windings within its selfe Many parts of the body are subject to Varices as the temples the region of the belly under the Navill the testicles wombe fundament but principally the thighes and legges The matter of them is usually melancholy blood for Varices often grow in men of a malancholy temper and which usually feed on grosse meates or such as breed grosse and melancholy humors Also women with child are commonly troubled with them by reason of the heaping together of their suppressed menstruall evacuation The precedent causes are a vehement concussion of the body leaping running a painefull journey on foote a fall the carrying of a heavy burden torture or Racking This kind of disease gives manifest signes thereof by the largenesse thicknesse swelling and colour of the Veines It is best not to meddle with such as are inveterate for of such being cured there is to be feared a refluxe of the melancholy blood to the noble parts whence there may be imminent danger of maligne Vlcers a Cancer Madnesse or suffocation When as many Varices and diversly implicite are in the legges they often swell with congealed and dryed blood and cause paine which is increased by going and compression Such like Varices are to be opened by dividing the veine with a Lancet and then the blood must be pressed out and evacuated by pressing it upwards and downewards which I have oft times done and that with happy successe to the patients whom I have made to rest for some few dayes and have applyed convenient medicines A Varix is often cut in the inside of the legge a little below the knee in which place commonly the originall thereof is seene He which goes about to intercept a Varix downewards from the first originall and as it were fountaine thereof makes the cure far more difficult For hence it is divided as it were into many rivelets all which the Chirurgion is forced to follow A Varix is therefore cut or taken away so to intercept the passage of the blood and humors mixed together therewith flowing to an Vlcer seated beneath or else least that by the too great quantitie of blood the vessell should be broken and death bee occasioned by a haemorrhagie proceeding from thence Now this is the manner of cutting it Let the patient lye upon his backe on a bench or table then make a ligature upon the legge in two places the distance of some foure fingers each from other wherein the excision may be made for so the Veine will swell up and come more in sight and besides you may also
is cause of many accidents in men for the perpetuall effluxe of blood extinguisheth the vivide and lively colour of the face calls on a dropsie overthrowes the strength of the whole body The fluxe of Haemorrhoides is commonly every moneth sometimes onely foure times in a yeare Great paine inflammation an Abscesse which may at length end in a Fistula unlesse it be resisted by convenient remedies doe oft times forerunne the evacuation of the Haemorrhoides But if the Haemorrhoides flow in a moderate quantity if the patients brooke it well they ought not to be stayed for that they free the patients from the feare of imminent evills as melancholy leprosie strangury and the like Besides if they bee stopped without a cause they by their refluxe into the Lungs cause their inflammation or else breake the vessells thereof and by flowing to the Liver cause a dropsie by the suffocation of the native heate they cause a dropsie and universall leanenesse on the contrary if they flow immoderately by refrigerating the Liver by losse of too much blood wherefore when as they flow too immoderately they must be stayed with a pledget of hares downe dipped in the ensuing medicine ℞ pul aloes thuris balaust sang draconis an ℥ ss incorporentur simul cum ovi albumine fiat medicamentum ad usum When they are stretched out and swollne without bleeding it is convenient to beate an Onion roasted in the embers with an Oxes gall and apply this medicine to the swolne places and renew it every five houres This kind of remedy is very prevalent for internall Haemorrhoides but such as are manifest may be opened with horsleaches or a Lancet The juyce or masse of the hearbe called commonly Dead nettle or Arkeangell applyed to the swolne Haemorrhoides opens them and makes the congealed blood flow there hence The Fungus and Thymus being diseases about the fundament are cured by the same remedy If acrimony heate and paine doe too cruelly afflict the patient you must make him enter into a bath and presently after apply to the ulcers if any such be this following remedy ℞ Olei ros ℥ iiij cerusae ℥ j. Litharg ℥ ss cerae novae ʒvj opij ℈ j. fiaet unguent secundum artem Or else ℞ an.ʒj. opij ℈ j. fiat unguentum cum oleo rosarum mucagine sem psilij addendo vitellum unius ovt You may easily prosequute the residue of the cure according to the generall rules of Art The end of the Thirteenth Booke OF BANDAGES OR LIGATURES THE FOURTEENTH BOOK CHAP. I. Of the differences of Bandages BAndages wherewith we use to binde doe much differ amongst themselves But their differences in Galens opinion are chiefly drawne from sixe things to wit their matter figure length breadth making and parts whereof they consist Now the matter of Bandages is threefold Membranous or of skinnes which is accommodated peculiarly to the fractured grisles of the Nose of Woollen proper to inflamed parts as those which have neede of no astriction of Linnen as when anie thing is to be fast bound and of Linnen cloathes some are made of flaxe othersome of hempe as Hippocrates observes But Bandages doe thus differ amongst themselves in structure for that some thereof consist of that matter which is sufficiently close and strong of it selfe such are the membranous others are woven as the linnen ones But that Linnen is to bee made choice of for this use and judged the best not which is new and never formerly used but that which hath alreadie beene worne and served for other uses that so the Bandages made thereof may be the more soft and pliable yet must they bee of such strength that they may not breake with stretching and that they may straitly containe and repell the humour readie to flow downe and so hinder it from entring the part These besides must not bee hemmed nor stitched must have no lace nor seame for hems and seames by their hardnesse presse into and hurt the flesh that lyes under them Lace whether in the midst or edges of the rowler makes the Ligature unequall For the Member where it is touched with the Lace as that which will not yeeld is pressed more hard but with the cloth in the middle more gently as that which is more laxe Furthermore these Ligatures must bee of cleane cloth that if occasion bee they may bee moystened or steeped in liquour appropriate to the disease and that they may not corrupt or make worse that liquour by their moistening therein Now the Bandages which are made of Linnen cloathes must be cut long-waies and not athwart for so they shall keepe more firme and strong that which they binde and besides they will be alwaies alike and not broader in one place than in another But they thus differ in figure for that some of them are rowled up to which nothing must be sowed for that they ought to be of a due length to binde up the member others are cut or divided which truly consist of one piece but that divided in the end such are usually taken to bind up the breasts or else in the midst others are sowed together which consist of many branches sowed together and ending in divers heads and representing divers figures such are the Bandages appropriated to the head But they thus differ in length for that some of them are shorter others longer so in like sort for breadth for some are broader others narrower Yet wee cannot certainly define nor set downe neither the length nor breadth of Rowlers for that they must be various according to the different length and thicknesse of the members or parts Generally they ought both in length and breadth to fit the parts whereunto they are used For these parts require a binding different each from other the head the necke shoulders armes breasts groines testicles fundament hips thighes legs feet and toes For the parts of Bandages wee terme one part their bodie another their heads By the bodie we mean their due length breadth but their ends whether they run long-waies or a-crosse wee according to Galen terme them their heads CHAP. II. Sheweth the indications and generall precepts of fitting of Bandages and Ligatures THere are in Hippocrates opinion two indications of fitting Bandages or Ligatures the one whereof is taken from the part affected the other from the affect it selfe From the part affected so the legge if you at any time binde it up must bee bound long-waies for if you binde it overthwart the binding will loosen as soone as the patient beginnes to goe and put forth his legge for then the muscles take upon them another figure On the contrarie the Arme or Elbow must be bound up bending in and turned to the breast for otherwise at the first bending if it bee bound when it is stretched forth the Ligature will be slacked for that as we formerly said the figure of the muscles is perverted Now
shattered bones Another signe is taken from the impotencie of the part which chiefly bewrayes its selfe when both the bones the legge and brace-bones the ell and wand are broken For if onely the brace-bone or wand be broken the Patient may goe on his legge and stirre his arme for the brace-bone serves for the sustaining of the muscles and not of the bodie as the legge bone doth The third signe is drawne from the figure of the part changed besides nature for it is there hollow from whence the bone is flowne or gone but gibbous or bunching out whither it is runne Great paine in the interim torments the patient by reason of the wronged periostium and that membrane which involves the marrow and the sympathie of the adjacent parts which are compressed or pricked CHAP. III. Of Prognosticks to be made in Fractures WEe must prognosticate in Fractures whether they are to end in the destruction or welfare of the patient or whether their cure shall be long or short easie or else difficult and dangerous and lastly what accidents and symptomes may happen thereupon Hee shall easily attaine to the knowledge of all these things who is not onely well seene in the anatomicall description of the bones but also in the temper composition and complexion of the whole bodie Wherefore in the first place I thinke good to admonish the Surgeon of this that in winter when all is stiffe with cold by a little fall or some such sleight occasion the bones may be quickly and readily broken For then the bones being dryed by the drinesse of the ayre encompassing us become more brittle which everie one of the Vulgar usually observe to happen both in waxen and tallow candles but when the season is moist the bones are also more moist and therefore more flexible and yeelding to the violence of the obvious and offending bodie Wherefore also you may gather this to the framing of your Prognosticks That bones by reason of their naturall drinesse are not so easily agglutinated and consolidated as flesh though in Children according to Galen by reason of the abundance of their humiditie the lost substance may bee repaired according as they terme it to the first intention that is by restoring of the same kinde of substance or matter But in others about the Fractures a certaine hard substance usually concreats of that nourishment of the broken bone which abounds which glues together the fragments thereof being fitly put together This substance is then termed a Callus and it is so hardened in time that the bone thereafter in the broken part is seene to be more firme and hard than it is in any other therefore that usuall saying in Physicke is not without reason That rest is necessarie for the uniting of broken bones For the Callus is easily dissolved if they bee moved before their perfect and solid agglutination The matter of a Callus ought to be indifferent and laudible in quantitie and qualitie even as blood which flowes for the regeneration of the lost flesh in wounds It is fit that there may be sufficient matter for such a Callus that the part have a laudible temper otherwise there either wil be no Callus or certainly it wil grow more slowly Fractures are far more easily repaired in yong bodies than in old for in these there is plentie of the primigenious and radicall moisture that is laudably holding and glutinous and in the other there is store of watrish and excrementitious By this you may easily conjecture that you cannot certainely set downe a time necessarie for the generating a Callus for in some it happens later in some sooner the cause of which varietie is also to be referred to the constitution of the yeare and region the temper and diet of the Patient and maner of Ligation For those Patients whose powers are weake and blood watrish and thin in these the generation of a Callus uses to be more slow On the contrarie strong powers hasten to agglutinate the bones if there be plentie of grosse and viscous matter whereby it comes to passe that meats of grosser nutriment are to bee used and medicines applyed which may helpe forwards the endeavour of nature as we shall declare hereafter When the bones are broken neare unto the joynts the motion afterwards uses to be more difficult especially if the Callus which is substituted be somewhat thicke and bunching forth But if together with the violence and force of the Fracture the joynts shall bee broken and bruised the motion will not only bee lost but the life brought in danger by reason of the greatnesse of the inflammation which usually happens in such affects and the excesse of paine in a tendinous body These fractures wherein both the bones of the arme or legge are broken are more difficult to cure than those which happen but to one of them For they are handled kept in their places with more difficulty because that which remaines whole serves the other for a rest or stay to which it may leane Moreover there is longer time required to substitute a Callus to a great bone than to a little one Againe these bones which are more rare and spongie are sooner glued together by the interposition of a Callus than these which are dense and solid A Callus sooner growes in sanguine than in cholerick bodies But broken bones cannot be so happily agglutinated nor restored in any body but that alwaies some asperity or unequall protuberancie may bee seene on that part where the Callus is generated Wherfore the Surgeon ought to make artificiall Ligations that the Callus may not stand out too far nor sinke downe too low That Fracture is least troublesome which is simple on the contrarie that is more troublesome which is made into splinters but that is most troublesome and worst of all which is in small and sharp fragments because there is danger of convulsion by pricking a nerve or the periostium Sometimes the fragments of a broken bone keep themselves in their due place they also oft times fly forth thereof so that one of them gets above another which when it happens you may perceive an inequality by the depression of the one part and the bunching forth of the other as also paine by the pricking besides also the member is made shorter than it was and than the sound member on the opposite side is and more swolne by the contraction of the muscles towards their originall Wherefore when a bone is broken if you perceive aniething so depressed presently putting your hand on both sides above and below stretch forth the bone as forcibly as you can for otherwise the muscles and nerves stretched and contracted will never of their owne accord suffer the bones to be restored to their proper seat and themselves This extension must bee performed in the first dayes for afterwards there will happen inflammation which
than those in whom the matter of the disease is become knotty whereof Ovid thus speaketh Tollere nodosam nescit medicina podagram Physicke cannot the knotty Goute to heale These reasons have induced many to believe that the essence of this disease is unknowne for there is a certaine occult and inexplicable virulency the author of so great malignity and contumacy Which Avicen seemes to acknowledge when hee writes that there is a certaine kinde of Goute whose matter is so acute and maligne that if it at any time bee augmented by the force of anger it may suffice to kill the party by suddaine death Therefore Galen himselfe writes that Treacle must bee used in all Arthriticall and gouty affects and as I think for no other reason than for that it dries wastes and weakens the malignity thereof Gordonius is of the same opinion but addeth withall that the body must be prepared and purged before wee use Treacle Therefore the matter of the gout is a thin and virulent humour yet not contagious offending in quality rather than quantity causing extreme paines and therfore instigating the humours together with the caliginous and flatulent spirits prepared or ready for defluxion upon the affected parts Therefore as the bitings of Aspes and stingings of Waspes cause cruell pain with sudden swelling and blistering which is by the heat of the humours which the poyson hath tainted and not by the simple solution of continuity seeing that we daily see Shoo-makers and Taylors pricking their flesh with aules and needles without having any such symptome Thus the virulencie of the gout causeth intolerable tormenting paine not by the abundance because it happens to many who have the gout no signe of defluxion appearing in the joints but onely by a maligne and inexplicable quality by reason whereof these paines doe not cease unlesse abated by the helpe of medicines or nature or both The recitall of the following histories will give much light to that unexplicable and virulent malignity of the matter causing the gout Whilest King Charles the ninth of happy memory was at Burdeaux there was brought to Chappellaine and Castellan the Kings Physicians and Taste a Physician of Burdeaux Nicholas Lambert and my selfe Surgeons a certaine Gentle woman some forty yeares old exceedingly troubled for many yeares by reason of a tumor scarce equalling the bignesse of a pease on the outside of the joynt of the left Hippe one of her tormenting fits tooke her in my presence shee presently beganne to cry and â—oare and rashly and violently to throw her body this way and that way with motions and gestures above a womans yea a mans nature For shee thrust her head between her legges laid her feete upon her shoulders you would have said shee had beene possessed of the Divell This fit held her some quarter of an houre during all which time I heedfully observed whether the grieved part swelled any bigger than it was accustomed whether there happened any new inflammation but there was no alteration as farre as I could gather by sight or feeling but onely that shee cryed out more loudly when as I touched it The fit passed a great heate tooke her all her body ranne downe with sweat with so great wearinesse and weakenesse of all her members that shee could not so much as stirre her little finger There could bee no suspicion of an Epileptick fit for this woman all the time of her agony did perfectly make use of all her senses did speake discourse and had no convulsion Neither did shee spare any cost or diligence whereby shee might bee cured of her disease by the helpe of Physicians or famous Surgeons she consulted also witches wizzards and charmers so that shee had left nothing unattempted but all art was exceeded by the greatnesse of the disease When I had shewed all these things at our consultation wee all with one consent were of this opinion to apply a potentiall Cautery to the grieved part or the tumour I my selfe applyed it after the fall or the Eschar very blacke and virulent sanies flowed out which freed the woman of her paine and disease for ever after Whence you may gather that the cause of so great evill was a certaine venenate malignity hurting rather by an unexplicable quality than quantity which being overcome and evacuated by the Cautery all paine absolutely ceased Upon the like occasion but on the right arme the wife of the Queenes Coach-man at Amboise consulted Chappellaine Castellaâ— and me earnestly craving ease of her paine for shee was so grievously tormented by fits that through impatiency being carelesse of her selfe shee endeavoured to cast her lelse headlong out of her chamber window for feare whereof shee had a guard put upon her Wee judged that the like monster was to be assaulted with the like weapon neither were we deceived for using a potentiall cautery this had like successe as the former Wherefore the bitternesse of the paine of the gout is not occasioned by the onely weakenesse of the joints for thus the paine should be continuall and alwaies like it self neither is it from the distemper of a simple humour for no such thing happens in other tumours of what kinde soever they be of but it proceeds from a venenate maligne occult and inexplicable quality of the matter wherfore this disease stands in need of a diligent Physician and a painfull Surgeon CHAP. III. Of the manifest causes of the Gout ALthough these things may be true which we have delivered of the occult cause of the gout yet there be and are vulgarly assigned others of which a probable reason may bee rendred wherein this malignity whereof wee have spoken lies hid and is seated Therefore as of many other diseases so also of the gout there are assigned three causes that is the primitive antecedent and conjunct the primitive is two fold one drawn from their first originall and their mothers wombe which happens to such as are generated of gouty parents chiefly if whilest they were conceived this gouty matter did actually abound and fall upon the joynts For the seed falls from all the parts of the body as saith Hippocrates and Aristole affirmes lib. de gener animal Yet this causes not an inevitable necessity of having the gout for as many begot of sound and healthfull parents are taken by the gout by their proper primary default so many live free from this disease whose fathers notwithstanding were troubled therewith It is probable that they have this benefit and priviledge by the goodnesse of their mothers seed and the laudible temper of the womb wherof the one by the mixture the other by the gentle heat may amend and correct the faults of the paternall seed for otherwise the disease would become hereditary and gouty persons would necessarily generate gouty for the seed followeth the temper and complexion of the party generating as it is shewed by Avicen Another primitive cause is
bee propagated and sent by the veines arteries and nerves to the noble parts whose malignity a strong liver not enduring by the strength of the naturall expulsive facultie will send it into the groines whereon follow Abscesses therefore called venereall Bubo's These if they returne in againe and cast not forth matter by being opened they will by their falling back into the veins and arteries infect the masse of the bloud by the like tainture thence will ensue the Lues venerea Yet this disease may be got by a more occult manner of touch as by breathing only For it is not altogether besides reason and experience that a woman long troubled with this disease may by importunate and often kissing transfuse malignity into a child for the tender and soft substance of a little childe may bee altered infected and by little and little corrupted by receiving of filthy and in their whole kinde maligne vapours For it is knowne and now vulgarly believed that mid-wives by receiving the child of a woman infected with this disease to have got this affect the malignity being taken and drawne into their bodies through the pores of their hands by the passages of the veines and arteries Neither doth it spare any condition sexe nor age of men for not onely whosoever use copulation but such as onély lye with them may bee taken by this virulencie yea verily if they onely lye in the sheets or coverings which retaine his sweat or the virulencie cast forth by an ulcer The same danger may assaile those who shall drinke in the same vessell after such as are troubled with this disease For by the impure touch of their lips they leave a virulent saâ—ies and spittle upon the edges of the cup which is no lesse contagious in its kinde than the virulencie of leprous persons or the some of madde dogs Wherefore it is no marvell if children nursed by an infected nurse draw in the seeds of this disease together with the milk which is only bloud whitened in the breasts or infected sucking children by their hot and ulcerated mouthes may trans-fuse this malignity into the body of the nurse by the rare loose and porous substance of the dugs which it frequently sucketh This following history is very memorable to this purpose A certaine very good Citizen of this Citie of Paris granted to his wife being a very chaste woman that conditionally shee should nurse her owne child of which shee was lately delivered shee should have a nurse in the house to ease her of some part of the labour by ill hap the nurse they tooke was troubled with this disease wherefore shee presently infected the childe the child the mother the mother her husband and hee two of his children who frequently accompanied him at bed and board being ignorant of that malignity wherewith hee was inwardly tainted In the meane while the mother when shee observed that her nurse childe came not forward but cryed almost perpetually shee asked my counsell to tell her the cause of the disease which was not hard to bee done for the wholebody thereof was replenished with venereall scabs and pustles the hired nurses and the mothers nipples were eaten in with virulent ulcers also the fathers and the two other childrens bodies whereof the one was three the other foure yeares old were troubled with the like pustles and scabs I told them that they had all the Lues venerea which tooke its originall and first off-spring by maligne contagion from the hired nurse I had them in cure and by Gods helpe healed them all except the sucking child which died in the cure But the hired nurse was soundly lashed in the prison and should have beene whipped through all the streets of the Citie but that the magistrate had a care to preserve the credite of the unfortunate family CHAP. III. In what humour the malignity of the Lues venerea resides THough in the opinion of many the antecedent cause of this disease be the masse of bloud conteining the foure humours yet I had rather place the matter and primary and chief seat thereof in grosse and viscide phlegme infected with the maligne quality of the venereous venome and from this beginning and foundation I thinke by a certaine contagious growth it sooner or later infects the other humours as each of them is disposed or apt to suffer Of which my opinion there are many arguments but this chiefely That by the evacuation of a phlegmaticke humour whether by the mouth and salivation or by stoole urine or sweate in men of what temper soever whether cholerick sanguine or melancholy the disease is helped or cured Secondly for that the excesse of paine is more by night than by day because then the phlegme bearing sway severs the perioâ—tium from the bone or else offends it and the rest of the membranous and nervous bodies by the acrimony of its malignity Thirdly because the patients are hurt by the use of cold things but usually finde benefit by hot medicines whither they bee oyntments plasters fumigations or whatsoever else inwardly taken or out-wardly applyed Fourthly for that in venereous pustles there is found a certaine hardnesse at the roote though outwardly they make shew of choler or bloud For being opened you shall finde them stuffed with a certaine plaster-like and â—ophous matter or else with tough phlegme or viscous pus whence arise these hard tophi or bony excressences upon the bones if not from phlegmaticke humours there heaped up and concrete Fifthly for that the spermaticke and cold parts doe primarily and principally feele the harme of this disease Sixtly for that the ulcers which over-spread the body by meanes of this disease admit of no cure unlesse you first cause sweats Therefore if the matter of the disease and such ulcers as accompany it were hot and dry it would grow worse and be rather increased by a decoction of Guajacum the roots of China or sarsaparilla Seventhly because oft-times this disease the seede thereof being taken or drawne into the body so lyeth hid for the space of a yeare that it shewes no signe thereof which happens not in diseases proceeding from an hot matter which causeth quick and violent motions By this it appeareth that the basis and foundation of the Lues venerea is placed or seated in a phlegmatick humour yet may I not deny but that other humours confused therewith may be also in fault and defiled with the like contagion For there are scarce any tumours which proceed from a simple humour and that of one kinde but as in tumours so here the denomination is to be taken from that humour which carryeth the chiefe sway CHAP. IIII. Of the signes of the Lues Venerea WHen the Lues venerea is lately taken maligne ulcers appeare in the privities swellings in the groines a virulent strangury runneth oft-times with filthy sanies which proceeds either from the prostata or the ulcers of the urethra the
patient is troubled with paines in his joynts head and shoulders and as it were breakings of his armes legges and all his members they are weary without a cause so that neither the foot nor hand can easily performe his duty their mouths are inflamed a swelling troubles their throats which takes away their freedom of speaking swallowing yea of their very spittle pustles rise over all their bodies but chiefly certaine garlands of them engirt their temples and heads the shedding or losse of the haire disgraceth the head and chin and leanenesse deformeth the rest of the body yet all of these use not to appeare in all bodies but some of them in some But the most certaine signes of this disease are a callous ulcer in the privities hard and ill conditioned and this same is judged to have the same force in a prognosticke if after it be cicatrized it retaine the same callous hardnesse the Bubo's or swellings in the groines to returne backe into the body without comming to suppuration or other manifest cause these two signes if they concurre in the same patient you may judge or foretell that the Lues venerea is either present or at hand yet this disease happeneth to many without the concourse of these two signes which also bewrayeth it selfe by other manifest signes as ulcers and pustles in the rest of the body rebellious against medicines though powerfull and discreetely applyed unlesse the whole body bee annoynted with Argentum vivum But when as the disease becommeth inveterate many become impotent to venery and the malignity and number of the symptomes encrease their paines remaine fixed and stable very hard and knotted tophi grow upon the bones and oft-times they become rotten and foule as also the hands and feete by the corruption of salt phlegme are troubled with chops or clefts and their heads are seazed upon by an ophiasis and alopecia whitish tumours with roots deepe fastned in arise in sundry parts of the body filled with a matter like the meate of a chesnut or like a tendon if they be opened they degenerate into divers ulcers as putride eating and other such according to the nature and condition of the affected bodies But why the paines are more grievous on the night season this may bee added to the true reason wee rendred in the precedent Chapter first for that the venereous virulencie lying as it were asleepe is stirred up and enraged by the warmenesse of the bed and coverings thereof Secondly by reason of the patients thoughts which on the night season are wholly turned and fixed upon the onely object of paine CHAP. V. Of Prognosticks IF the disease be lately taken associated by a few symptomes as with some small number of pustles and little wandring paines and the body besides bee young and in good case and the constitution of the season bee good and favourable as the spring then the cure is easie and may bee happily performed But on the contrary that which is inveterate and enraged by the fellowship of many and maligne symptomes as a fixed paine of the head knots and rottennesse of the bones ill natured ulcers in a body very much fallen away and weake and whereof the cure hath beene already sundry times undertaken by Empyricks but in vaine or else by learned Physicians but to whose remedies approved by reason and experience the malignity of the disease and the rebellious virulency hath refused to yeeld is to be thought uncurable especially if to these so many evils this bee added that the patient bee almost wasted with a consumption and hectick leanenesse by reason of the decay of the native moisture Wherefore you must onely attempt such by a palliative cure yet bee wary here in making your prognosticke for many have beene accounted in a desperate case who have recovered for by the benefit of God and nature wonders oft-times happen in diseases Young men who are of a rare or laxe habit of body are more subject to this disease than such as are of a contrary habit and complexion For as not all who are conversant with such as have the Plague or live in a pestilent aire are alike affected so neither all who lye or accompany with such as have the Lues venerea are alike infected or tainted The paines of such as have this disease are farre different from the paines of the Gout For those of the Gout returne and torment by certaine periods and fits but the other are continuall and almost alwaies like themselves Gouty paines possesse the joynts and in these condense a plaster-like matter into knots but those of the Pocks are rather fastened in the middest of the bones and at length dissolve them by rottennesse and putrefaction Venereous ulcers which are upon the yarde are hard to cure but if being healed they shall remaine hard and callous they are signes of the disease lying hidde in the body Generally the Lues venerea which now reigneth is farre more milde and easie to bee cured than that which was in former times when as it first began amongst us besides each day it seemeth to bee milder than other Astrologers think the cause hereof to bee this for that the coelestiall influences which first brought in this disease in successe of time by the contrary revolutions of the Starres lose their power and become weake so that it may seeme somewhat likely that at length aftersome few yeares it may wholly cease no otherwise than the disease termed Mentagra which was very like this in many symptomes and troubled many of the Romans in the raigne of Tiberius and the Lichen which in the time of Claudius who succeeded Tiberius vexed not onely Italy but all Europe besides Yet Physicians had rather take to themselves the glory of this lesse raging disease and to referre it to the many and wholsome meanes which have beene invented used and opposed thereto by the most happy labours of noble wits CHAP. VI. How many and what meanes there are to oppugne this disease MAny sorts of remedies have beene found out by many to oppugne and overcome this disease Yet at this day there are onely foure which are principally used The first is by a decoction of Guajacum the second by unction the third by emplasters and the fourth by fumigation all of them by Hydrargyrum the first excepted Yet that is not sufficiently strong and powerfull for experience hath taught that the decoction of Guajacum hath not sufficient strength to extinguish the venome of the venereous virulency but onely to give it ease for a time for because it heates attenuates provokes sweate and urine wastes the excrementitious humours by drying them it seemeth to cure the disease for that thereupon for some time the paine and all other symptomes seeme more remisse but these endeavours are weake and deceitfull as whereby that only which is more subtle in the humours in fault is exhausted and dispersed by sweat But
held with a continuall feaver with paines in their backes itching of their nose head-ach and a vertiginous heavinesse and with a kinde of sowning or fainting a nauseous disposition and vomiting a hoarsenesse difficult and frequent breathing an inclination to sleepe a heavinesse of all the members their eyes are fiery and swollen their urine reduce and troubled For prognostickes wee may ruley say thus much That the matter whence this affect takes its originall partakes of so malign pestilent and contagious a quality that not content to mangâ—e and spoile the fleshy parts it also eates and corrupts the bones like the Lues venerea as I observed not onely in Anno Dom. 1568. but also in divers other yeares whereof I thinke it not amisse to set downe this notable example The daughter of Claude Piquè bookseller dwelling in S. James his street at Paris being some foure or five yeeres old having beene sicke of the small pockes for the space of a month and nature could not overcome the malignity of the disease there rose abscesses upon the sternon and the joints of the shoulders whose eating and virulent matter corroded the bones of the sternon and divided them insunder also it consumed a great part of the toppe of the shoulder-bone and the head of the blade-bone of this thing I had witnesses with me Marcus Myron physitian of Paris and at this present the Kings chiefe physitian John Doreau Surgeon to the Conte de Bryane the body being dissected in their presence Also you may observe in many killed by the malignity of this disease and dissected that it causeth such impression of corruption in the principall parts as brings the dropsie ptisick a hoarsenesse Asthma bloody fluxe ulcerating the guts and at length bringing death as the pustles have raged or raigned over these or these entrailes as you see them to do over the surface of the body for they do not only molest the externall parts by leaving the impressions and scarres of the pustles and ulcers rooting themselves deepe in the flesh but also oft times they take away the faculty of motion eating asunder and weakening the joints of the elbow wrest knee and ancle Moreover sundry have been deprived of their sight by them as the Lord of Guymenay others have lost their hearing and other some their smelling a fleshy excrescence growing in the passages of the nose and eares But if any reliques of the disease remaine and that the whole matter thereof bee not expelled by the strength of nature then symptomes afterwards arise which savour of the malignity of the humour yea and equall the harme of the symptomes of the Lues venerea CHAP. II. Of the cure of the Small Pockes and Meazles THe cure of this disease useth to bee divers according to the condition of the humour free from or partaker of the venenate quality For if it partake of malignity and the childe bee a sucking childe such things shall be given to the Nurse as may infringe and overcome the strength of the malignity as wee shall shew more at large when wee come to treat of the cure of children which are sick of the plague howsoever it be the child must be kept in a warm roome free from winde and must bee wrapped and covered with scarlet cloathes untill the pockes come forth There shall bee provided for the Nurse medicated brothes with purslaine lettuce 〈◊〉 succory borage and French barly bound up in a cloth She shall shun all salt spiced and baked meates and in stead of wine drinke a decoction of liquerice raisons and sorrell roots She shall also take purging medicines as if she were sicke of the same disease that so her milke may become medicineable Lastly shee shall observe the same diet as is usually prescribed to such as have the plague You shall give the child no pappe or if you give it any let it bee very little But if the child be weaned let him abstaine from flesh untill the feaver have left him and the pocks bee fully come forth in stead of flesh let him feed on barly and almond creames chicken brothes wherein the fore-named herbes have beene boyled ponadoes gellies culasses prunes and raisons Let his drinke bee a ptisan made of French barly grasse and sorrell roots or with a nodula containing the foure cold seeds the pulpe of prunes and raisons with the shavings of Ivory and harrs-horne Betweene meales the same decoction may be mixed with some syrupe of violets but not of roses or any other astringent syrupe lest wee hinder the course and inclination of the humour outwards Let his sleepe be moderate for too sound sleep drawes back the mater to the center and encreaseth the feaver you must neither purge nor draw bloud the disease increasing or being at the height unlesse peradventure there bee a great plenitude or else the disease complicate with other as with a pleurifie inflammation of the eyes or a squinancie which require it lest the motion of nature should be disturbed but you shal think it sufficient to loose the belly with a gentle glyster but when the height of the disease is over and in the declension thereof you may with Cassia or some stronger medicine evacuate part of the humours and the reliques of the disease But in the state and increase it is better to use sudorificks which by attenuating the humours and relaxing the pores of the skin may drive the cause of the disease from the center to the circumference which otherwise residing in the body might bee a cause of death as I and Richard Hubert observed in two maides whereof one was foure and the other seventeene years old for we dissecting them both being dead found their entrailes covered with scabby or crusted pustles like those that break forth upon the skin We must not think that ableeding at nose at the beginning of the disease or in the first foure or five dayes should carry away the matter and originall of the disease for neverthelesse the pocks will come forth but for that this is a true and naturall crissis of this disease as that which is carryed to the surface and circumference of the body such bleeding must not be stopped unlesse you feare it will cause downing The matter shall bee drawne out with a decoction of figs husked lentils citron seeds the seeds of fennell parsly smallage roots of grasse raisons and dates For such a decoction certainly if it have power to cause sweat hath also a faculty to send forth unto the skin the morbificke humour the seeds of fennell and the like opening things relaxe and open the pores of the skin figges lenifie the acrimonie of the matter and gently cleanse the lentils keepe the jawes and throate and all the inward parts from pustles and hinder a fluxe by reason of their moderate astriction but having their huskes on they would bind more than is required in the disease dates are
if they bee often rubbed therewith In stead here of many use the swathe of Bacon rubbed warme thereon also the distilled waters of beane flowers lilly roots reed-roots egge-shels and oile of egs are thought very prevalent to waste and smoothe the Pock-arres A Discourse of certaine monstrous creatures which breed against nature in the bodies of men women and little children which may serve as an induction to the ensuing discourse of worms As in the macrocosmos or bigger world so in the microcosmos or lesser world there are winds thunders earthquakes showres inundations of waters sterilities fertilities stones mountaines and sundry sorts of fruits and creatures thence arise For who can deny but that there is winde conteined shut up in Flatulent abscesses and in the guts of those that are troubled with the cholicke Flatulencies make so great a noyse in divers womens bellies if so be you stand neare them that you would think you heard a great number of frogs croaking on the night time That water is contained in watery abseesses and the belly of such as have the dropsie is manifested by that cure which is performed by the letting forth of the water in fits of Agues the whole body is no otherwise shaken and trembles than the earth when it is heard to bellow and felt to shake under our feet He which shall see the stones which are taken out of the bladder come from the kidnies and divers other parts of the bodie cannot deny but that stones are generated in our bodies Furthermore wee see both men women who in their face or some other parts shew the impression or imprinted figure of a cherry plumb service fig mulberry the like fruit the cause hereof is thought to be the power of the imagination concurring with the formative faculty and the tendernesse of the yeelding and waxe-like embxyon easie to be brought into any forme or figure by reason of the proper and native humidity For you shall find that all their mothers whilest they went with them have earnestly desired or longed for such things which whilest they have too earnestly agitated in their mindes they have trans-ferred the shape unto the childe whilest that they could not enjoy the things themselves Now who can deny but that bunches on the backe and large wens resemble mountaines Who can gainsay but that squalide sterility may bee assimulated to the hectick dryness of wasted and consumed persons and fertility deciphered by the body distended with much flesh and fat so that the legs can scarce stand under the burden of the belly But that divers creatures are generated in one creature that is in man and that in sundry parts of him the following histories shall make it evident Hollerius tels that a certaine Italian by frequent smelling to the herbe Basill had a Scorpion bred in his braine which caused long and vehement paine and at length death therefore I have here exprest the figure of that Scorpion found when as his braine was opened The figure of a Scorpion It makes Hollerius conjecture of the cause and originall of this Scorpion probable for that Chrysippus Dyophanes and Pliny write that of basill beaten betweene two stones and laid in the sun therewill come Scorpions Fernelius writes that in a certaine souldier who was flat nosed upon the too long restraint or stoppage of a certaine filthy matter that flowed out of the nose that there were generated two hairy wormes of the bignesse of ones finger which at length made him mad he had no manifest feaver and he died about the twentieth day this was their shape by as much as we can gather by Fernelius his words The effigies of the wormes mentioned by Fernelius Lewes Duret a man of great learning and credit told mee that hee had come forth with his urine after a long and difficult disease a quick creature of colour red but otherwise like in shape a Millepes that is a Cheslope or Hog-louce The shape of a Millepes cast forth by urine Count Charles of Mansfieldt last summer troubled with a grievous and continuall feaver in the duke of Guises place cast forth a filthy matter at his yard in the shape of a live thing almost just in this forme The shape of a thing cast forth by urine Monstrous creatures also of sundry formes are also generated in the wombes of women somewiles alone otherwhiles with a mola and sometimes with a child naturally and well made as frogs toads serpents lizzards which therefore the Ancients have turmed the Lumbards brethren for that it was usuall with their women that together with their naturall and perfect issue they brought into the world wormes serpents and monstrous creatures of that kinde generated in their wombes for that they alwaies more respected the deckling of their bodies than they did their diet For it happened whilest they fed on fruits weeds and trash and such things as were of ill juice they generated a putride matter or certainely very subject to putrefaction and corruption and consequently opportune to generate such unperfect creatures Joubertus telleth that there were two Italian women that in one moneth brought forth each of them a monstrous birth the one that marryed a Tailor brought forth a thing so little that is resembled a Rat without a taile but the other a Gentlewoman brought forth a larger for it was of the bignesse of a Cat both of them were black and as soone as they came out of the wombe they ran up high on the wall and held fast thereon with their nailes Licosthenes writes that in Anno Dom. 1494. a woman at Cracovia in the streete which taketh name from the holy Ghost was delivered of a dead child who had a serpen fastned upon his back which fed upon this dead child as you perceive by this following figure The figure of a serpent fastned to a child Levinus Lemnius tels a very strange history to this purpose Some few yeares agone saith he a certaine woman of the Isle in Flanders which being with child by a Sailer her belly swelled up so speedily that it seemed shee would not bee able to carry her burden to the terme prescribed by nature her ninth moneth being ended she calls a midwife and presently after strong throwes and paines shee first brought forth a deformed lumpe of flesh having as it were two handles on the sides stretched forth to the length and manner of armes and it moved and panted with a certain vitall motion after the manner of spunges and sea-nettles but afterwards there came forth of her wombe a monster with a crooked nose a long and round necke terrible eies a sharpe taile and wonderfull quick of the feet it was shaped much after this manner The shape of a monster that came forth of a womans wombe As soone as it came into the light it filled the whole roome with a noise and hissing running to every side to
resembleth silver in the colour and is in perpetuall motion as if it had a spirit or living soule There is a great controversie amongst authors concerning it For most of them affirme it hot amongst whom is Galen Halyabas Rhases Aristotle Constantine Isack Platearius Nicholas Massa they maintain their opinion by an argument drawn from things helping and hurting besides from this that it is of such subtle parts that it penetrates dissolves and performeth all the actions of heate upon dense and hard mettals to wit it attenuateth incideth dryeth causeth salivation by the mouth purgeth by the stoole moveth urine and sweat over all the body neither doth it stirre up the thinner humours onely but in like sort the grosse tough and viscous as those which have the Lues Venerea find by experience using it either in ointments or plasters Others affirme it very cold and moyst for that put into emplasters and so applyed it asswageth paine by stupefaction hindring the acrimony of pustles and cholerick inflammations But by its humidity it softeneth scirrhous tumours dissolveth and dissipateth knots and tophous knobs besides it causeth the breath of such as are anointed therewith to stinke by no other reason than that it putrefies the obvious humours by its great humidity Avicens experiment confirmes this opinion who affirmeth that the bloud of an Ape that drunke Quicksilver was found concrete about the heart the carcasse being opened Mathiolus moved by these reasons writes that Quicksilver killeth men by the excessive cold and humide quality if taken in any large quantity because it congeales the bloud and vitall spirits and at length the very substance of the heart as may bee understood by the history of a cetaine Apothecary set downe by Conciliator who for to quench his feaverish heat in stead of water drunke off a glasse of Quicksilver for that came first to his hands hee dyed within a few houres after but first hee evacuated a good quantity of the Quicksilver by stoole the residue was found in his stomack being opened and that to the weight of one pound besides the bloud was found concrete about his heart Others use another argument to prove it cold and that is drawne from the composition thereof because it consists of lead and other cold mettals But this argument is very weak For unquencht Lime is made of flints and stony matter which is cold yet neverthelesse it exceeds in heat Paracelsus affirmeth that quicksilver is hot in the interior substance but cold in the exterior that is cold as it comes forth of the mine But that coldnesse to bee lost as it is prepared by art and heat onely to appeare and bee left therein so that it may serve in stead of a tincture in the transmutation of mettals And verily it is taken for a rule amongst Chymists that all metals are outwardly cold by reason of the watery substance that is predominant in them but that inwardly they are very hot which then appeares when as the coldnesse together with the moysture is segregated for by calcination they become caustick Moreover many account quicksilver poyson yet experience denyes it For Marianus Sanctus Baralitanus tels that hee saw a woman who for certaine causes and affects would at severall times drink one pound and an halfe of quicksilver which came from her againe by stoole without any harme Moreover he affirmeth that hee hath knowne sundry who in a desperate Cholick which they commonly call miserere mei have beene freed from imminent death by drinking three pounds of quicksilver with water only For by the weight it opens and unfolds the twined or bound up gut and thrusts forth the hard and stopping excrements he addeth that others have found this medicine effectuall against the cholick drunke in the quantity of three ounces Antonius Musa writes that hee usually giveth quicksilver to children ready to dye of the wormes Avicen confirmeth this averring that many have drunke quicksilver without any harme wherefore hee mixeth it in his ointments against scaules and scabs in children whence came that common medicine amongst the countrey people to kill lice by anointing the head with quicksilver mixed with butter or axungia Mathiolus affirmeth that many think it the last and chiefest remedy to give to women in travaile that cannot bee delivered I protest to satisfie my selfe concerning this matter I gave to a whelpe a pound of quicksilver which being drunke downe it voyded without any harme by the belly Whereby you may understand that it is wholly without any venemous quality Verily it is the onely and true Antidote of the Lues Venerea and also a very fit medicine for maligne ulcers as that which more powerfully impugnes their malignity than any other medicines that worke onely by their first qualities Besides against that contumacious scabbe which is vulgarly called Malum sancti manis there is not any more speedy or certaine remedy Moreover Guido writes that if a plate of lead bee besmeared or rubbed therewith and then for some space laid upon an ulcer and conveniently fastned that it will soften the callous hardnesse of the lips thereof and bring it to cicatrization which thing I my selfe have oftimes found true by experience Certainely before Guido Galen much commended quicksilver against maligne ulcers cancers Neither doth Galen affirm that lead is poysonous which many affirm poysonous because it consists of much quicksilver but hee onely saith thus much that water too long kept in leaden pipes cisternes by reason of the drossinesse that it useth to gather in lead causeth bloudy fluxes which also is familiar to brasse and copper Otherwise many could not without danger beare in their bodies leaden bullets during the space of so many yeares as usually they doe It is declared by Theodoricke Herey in the following histories how powerfull quicksilver is to resolve and asswage paines and inflammations Not long since saith hee a certaine Doctor of Physick his boy was troubled with parotides with great swelling heat pain beating to him by the common consent of the Physicians there present I applyed an anodine medicine whose force was so great that the tumor manifestly subsided at the first dressing and the paine was much asswaged At the second dressing all the symptomes were more mitigated At the third dressing I wondring at the so great effects of an Anodine Cataplasme observed that there was quicksilver mixed therewith and this happened through the negligence of the Apothecarie who mixed the simple Anodine medicine prescribed by us in a mortar wherein but a while before he had mixed an oyntment whereinto quicksilver entred whose reliques and some part thereof yet remained therein This which once by chance succeeded well I afterwards wittingly and willingly used to a certaine Gentlewoman troubled with the like disease possessing all the region behind the eares much of the throate and a great part of the cheeke when as nature helped by common
from the beginning by his owne nature or which is not made pestilent Many begin the cure with bloud-letting some with purging and some with Antidotes We taking a consideration of the substance of that part that is assaulted first of all begin the cure with an Antidote because that by its specificke property it defends the heart from poyson as much as it is offended therewith Although there are also other Antidotes which preserve keep the heart the patient from the danger of Poyson and the Pestilence not onely because they doe infringe the power of the poyson in their whole substance but also because they drive and expell it out of all the body by sweat vomiting scowring and such other kinds of evacuations The Antidote must be given in such a quantity as may bee sufficient to overcome the poyson but because it is not good to use it in greater quantitie than needeth lest it should overthow our nature for whose preservation onely it is used therefore that which cannot bee taken together and at once must bee taken at severall times that some portion thereof may daily bee used so long untill all the accidents effects and impressions of the poyson be past and that there be nothing to be feared Some of those Antidotes consist of portions of venemous things being tempered together and mixed in an apt proportion with other medicines whose power is contrary to the venome as Treacle which hath for an ingredient the flesh of Vipers that it being therto mixed may serve as a guide to bring all the antidote unto the place where the venenate malignity hath made the chiefe impression because by the similitude of nature and sympathy one poyson is suddenly snatched and carryed unto another There are other absolute poisonous which neverthelesse are Antidotes one unto another as a Scorpion himselfe cureth the prick of a Scorpion But Treacle and Mithridate excell all other Antidotes for by strengthening the noblest part and the mansion of life they repaire and recreate the wasted Spirits and overcome the poyson not onely being taken inwardly but also applyed outwardly to the region of the heart Botches and Carbuncles for by an hidden property they draw the poysons unto them as Amber doth Chaffe and digest it when it is drawne and spoile and robbe it of all its deadly force as it is declared at large by Galen in his booke de Theriaca ad Pisonem by most true reasons and experiments But you will say that these things are hot and that the Plague is often accompanied with a burning Feaver But thereto I answer there is not so great danger in the Feaver as in the Pestilence although in the giving of Treacle I would not altogether seeme to neglect the Feaver but think it good to minister or apply it mixed with cordiall cooling medicines as with the Trochisces of Camphire syrupe of Lemons of water Lillies the water of Sorrell and such like And for the same cause wee ought not to choose old Treacle but that which is of a middle age as of one or two yeares old to those that are stong you may give halfe a dramme and to those that are more weake a dram The patient ought to walke presently after that hee hath taken Treacle Mithridate or any other Antidote but yet as moderately as hee can not like unto many which when they perceive themselves to bee infected doe not cease to course and run up and downe untill they have no strength to sustaine their bodies for so they dissolve nature so that it cannot suffice to overcome the contagion After moderate walking the patient must be put warm to bed and covered with many clothes warm brick-bats or tiles applyed to the soles of his feet or in stead thereof you may use swines bladders filled with hot water and apply them to the groines and arme-holes to provoke sweate for sweating in this disease is a most excellent remedy both for to evacuate the humours in the Feaver and also to drive forth the malignity in the Pestilence although every sweate brings not forth the fruit of health For George Agricola saith that hee saw a woman at Misnia in Germanie that did sweat so for the space of three dayes that the bloud came forth at her head and breast yet neverthelesse shee died This potion following will provoke sweate Take the roots of China shaved in thinne pieces one ounce and halfe of Guajacum two ounces of the barke of Tamariske one ounce of Angelica roots two drams of the shaving of Hats-horne one ounce of Juniper berries three drams put them into a viall of glasse that wil contain sixe quarts put thereto foure quarts of running or river water that is pure and cleare macerate them for the space of one whole night on the hot ashes and in the morning boile them all in Balneo Mariae untill the halfe bee consumed which will bee done in the space of sixe houres then let them be strained through a bagge and then strained againe but let that be with sixe ounces of sugar of Roses and a little Treacle let the patient take eight ounces or fewer of that liquor and it will provoke sweat The powder following is also very profitable Take of the leaves of Dictamnus the roots of Tormentill Betony of each halfe an ounce of bole Armenicke prepared one ounce of Terra Sigillata three drams of Aloes and Myrrhe of each halfe a dram of Saffron one dram of Masticke two drams powder them all according to art and give one dram thereof dissolved in Rose-water or the water of wild sorrell and let the patient walke so soone as he hath taken that powder then let him be laid in his bed to sweat as I have shewed before The water following is greatly commended against poyson Take the roots of Gentian Cyperus of each three drams of Carduus benedictus Burnet of each one handfull of Sorrell seeds and Divels-bit of each two pugils of Ivie and Juniper berries of each halfe an ounce of the flowers of Buglosse Violets and red Roses of each two pugils powder them somewhat grossely then soake or steepe them for a night in white wine and Rose water then adde thereto of bole Armenick one ounce of Treacle halfe an ounce distill them all in Balneo Mariae and keepe the distilled liquor in a vial of glasse wel covered or close stopped for your use let the patient take sixe ounces thereof with Sugar and a little Cinamon Saffron then let him walk and then sweat as is aforesaid the Treacle and cordiall water formerly prescribed are very profitable for this purpose Also the water following is greatly commended Take of Sorrell sixe handfuls of Rue one handfull dry them macerate them in vinegar for the space of foure and twenty houres adding thereto foure ounces of Treacle make thereof a distillation in Balneo Mariae and let the distilled water bee kept
may be tempered by conjunction commistion confusion with the mans seed and so reduced or brought unto a certaine equality for generation or conception cannot follow without the concourse of two feeds well and perfectly wrought in the very same moment of time nor without a laudible dispoâ—… the wombe both in temperature and complexion if in this mixture of â—… mans seed in quality and quantity exceed the womans it will be a man chilâ—… a woman childe although that in either of the kindes there is both the mans and womans seed as you may see by the daily experience of those men who by their first wives have had boyes onely and by their second wives had girles onely the like you may see in certaine women who by their first husbands have had males onely and by their second husbands females onely Moreover one and the same 〈◊〉 is not alwaies like affected to get a man or a woman childe for by reason of his age temperature and diet hee doth sometimes yeeld forth seed endued with a masculine vertue and sometimes with a feminine or weake vertue so that it is no marvaile if men get sometimes men and sometimes women children CHAP. II. Of what quality the seed is whereof the male and whereof the female is engendered MAle children are engendered of a more hot and dry seed and women of a more cold and moist for there is much lesse strength in cold than in heat and likewise in moisture than in drynesse and that is the cause why it will be longer before a girle is formed in the womb than a boy In the seed lyeth both the procreative and the formative power as for example In the power of the Melon seed are situate the stalkes branches leaves flowers fruite the forme colour smell taste seed and all The like reason is of other seeds so Apple grafts engrafted in the stock of a Pearetree beare Apples and we doe alwaies finde and see by experience that the tree by vertue of grafting that is grafted doth convert it selfe into the nature of the Sions wherewith it is grafted But although the childe that is borne doth resemble or is very like unto the father or the mother as his or her seed exceedeth in the mixture yet for the most part it happeneth that the children are more like unto the father than the mother because that in the time of copulation the minde of the woman is more fixed on her husband than the minde of the husband on or towards his wife for in the time of copulation or conception the formes or the likenesses of those things that are conceived or kept in minde are transported and impressed in the childe or issue for so they affirme that there was a certain Queene of the Aethiopians who brought forth a white child the reason was as she confessed that at the time of copulation with her King she thought on a marvellous white thing with a very strong imagination Therefore Hesiod advertiseth all married people not to give them selves to carnall copulation when they return from burialls but when they come from feasts and plaies lest that their sad heavie and pensive cogitations should bee so transfused and engrafted in the issue that they should contaminate or infect the pleasant joyfulnesse of his life with sad pensive and passionate thoughts Sometimes it happeneth although very seldome the childe is neither like the father nor the mother but in favour resembleth his Grandfather or any other of his kindred by reason that in the inward parts of the parents the engrafted power and nature of the grandfather lieth hidden which when it hath lurked there long not working any effect at length breakes forth by means of some hidden occasion wherein nature resembleth the Painter making the lively portraiture of a thing which as far as the subject matter will permit doth forme the issue like unto the parents in every habit so that often times the diseases of the parents are transferred or participated unto the children as it were by a certaine hereditary title for those that are crooke-backt get crooke-backt children those that are lame lame those that are leprous leprous those that have the stone children having the stone those that have the ptisicke children having the ptisick and those that have the gout children having the gout for the seed followes the power nature temperature and comnlexion of him that engendereth it Therefore of those that are in health and sound â—…thy and sound and of those that are weake and diseased weake and diseased children are begotten unlesse happely the seed of one of â—…ents that is sound doth correct or amend the diseased impression of the oâ—…t is diseased or else the temperate and sound wombe as it were by the genâ—… pleasant breath thereof CHAP. III. What is the cause why the Females of all brute beasts being great with young doe neither desire nor admit the males untill they have brought forth their Young THe cause hereof is that forasmuch as they are moved by sense only they apply themselves unto the thing that is present very little or nothing at all perceiving things that are past and to come Therfore after they have conceived they are unmindfull of the pleasure that is past and doe abhor copulation for the sense or feeling of lust is given unto them by nature onely for the preservation of their kinde and not for voluptuousnesse or delectation But the males raging swelling and as it were stimulated by the provocations of the heat or fervency of their lust do then runne unto them follow and desire copulation because a certaine strong odour or smell commeth into the aire from their secret or genitall parts which pierceth into their nostrills and unto their braine and so inferreth an imagination desire and heat Contrariwise the sense and feeling of venereous actions seemeth to be given by nature to women not onely for the propagation of issue and for the conservation of mankinde but also to mitigate and asswage the miseries of mans life as it were by the entisements of that pleasure also the great store of hot blood that is about the heart wherewith men abound maketh greatly to this purpose which by impulsion of imagination which ruleth the humours being driven by the proper passages downe from the heart and entralls into the genitall parts doth stirre up in them a new lust The males of brute beasts being provoked or moved by the stimulations of lust rage and are almost burst with a Tentigo or extension of the genitall parts and sometimes waxe mad but after that they have satisfied their lust with the female of their kinde they presently become gentle and leave off such fiercenesse CHAP. IIII. What things are to be observed as necessary unto generation in the time of copulation WHen the husband commeth into his wives chamber hee must entertaine her with all kinde of dalliance wanton behaviour and
allurements to venery but if he perceive her to be slow and more cold he must cherish embrace and tickle her and shall not abruptly the nerves being suddenly distended breake into the field of nature but rather shall creepe in by little and little intermixing more wanton kisses with wanton words and speeches handling her secret parts and dugs that she may take fire and bee enflamed to venery for so at length the wombe will strive and waxe fervent with a desire of casting forth its owne seed and receiving the mans seed to bee mixed together therewith But if all these things will not suffice to enflame the woman for women for the most part are more slow and slack unto the expulsion or yeelding forth of their seed it shall be necessary first to foment her secret parts with the decoction of hot herbes made with Muscadine or boiled in any other good wine and to put a little muske or civet into the neck or mouth of the wombe and when shee shall perceive the efflux of her seed to approach by reason of the tickling pleasure shee must advertise her husband thereof that at the very instant time or moment hee may also yeeld forth his seed that by the concourse or meeting of the seeds conception may be made and so at length a child formed and borne And that it may have the better successe the husband must not presently separate himselfe from his wives embraces lest the aire strike into the open wombe and so corrupt the seeds before they are perfectly mixed together When the man departs let the woman lye still in quiet lying her legges or her thighes acrosse one upon another and raising them up a little lest that by motion or downeward situation the seed should be shed or spilt which is the cause why she ought at that time not to talk especially chiding nor to cough nor sneese but give herselfe to rest and quietnesse if it be possible CHAP. V. By what signes it may bee knowne whether the woman have conceived or not IF the seed in the time of copulation or presently after be not spilt if in the meeting of the seedes the whole body doe somewhat shake that is to say the wombe drawing it selfe together for the compression entertainment therof if a little feeling of pain doth runne up and downe the lower belly and about the navell if shee be sleepy if she loath the embracings of a man and if her face bee pale it is a token that she hath conceived In some after conception spots or freckles arise in their face their eyes are depressed and sunke in the white of their eyes waxeth pale they waxe giddy in the head by reason that the vapours are raised up from the menstruall blood that is stopped sadnesse heavinesse grieve their mindes with loathing and way wardnesse by reason that the spirits are covered with the smoaky darkenesse of the vapoures paines in the teeth and gummes and swouning often times commeth the appetite is depraved or overthrown with aptnesse to vomit and longing whereby it happeneth that they loath meats of good juice and long for and desire illaudable meates and those that are contrary to nature as coales dirt ashes stinking salt-fish sowre austere and taâ—t fruits pepper vinegar and such like acride things and other altogether contrary to nature and use by reason of the condition of the suppressed humour abounding falling into the orifice of the stomack This appetite so depraved or overthrown endureth in some untill the time of childe-birth in others it commeth in the third moneth after their conception when haires do grow on the childe and lastly it leaveth them a little before the fourth moneth because that the child being now greater and stronger consumes a great part of the excrementall and superfluous humour The suppressed or stopped tearms in women that are great with childe are divided into three parts the more pure portion maketh the nutriment for the childe the second ascendeth by little and little into the dugs and the impurest of all remaineth in the womb about the infant and maketh the secundine or after-birth wherein the in fant lieth as in a sâ—…ed Those women are great with child whose urine is more sharpe fervent and somewhat bloody the bladder not only waxing warme by the compression of the wombe servent by reason of the blood conteined in it but also the thinner portion of the same blood being expressed and sweating out into the bladder A swelling and hardnesse of the dugs and veines that are under the dugs in the breastes and about them and milke comming out when they are pressed with a certaine stirring motion in the belly are certaine infallible signes of greatnesse with childe Neither in this greatnesse of childe bearing the veines of the dugges onely but of all the whole body appeare full and swelled up especially the veines of the thighes and legges so that by their manifold folding and knitting together they do appeare varicous whereof commeth fluggishnesse of the whole body heavinesse impotency or difficulty of going especially when the time of deliverance is at hand Lastly if you would know whether the woman have concerved or not give unto her when she goeth to sleepe some meed or honyed water to drink and if she have agriping in her guts or belly she hath conceived if not she hath not conceived CHAP. VI. That the wombe so soone as it hath received the seede is presently contracted or drawne together AFter that the seeds of the male and female have both met and are mixed together in the capacity of the wombe then the orifice thereof doth draw it selfe close together lest the seedes should fall out There the females seede goeth and turneth into nutriment and the encrease of the males seede because all things are nourished and doe encrease by those things that are most familiar and like unto them But the similitude and familiarity of seede with seede is farre greater than with bloud so that when they are perfectly mixed and eoagulated and so waxe warme by the straight and narrow inclosure of the wombe a certaine thinne skinne doth grow about it like unto that that will bee over unscimmed milke Moreover this concretion or congealing of the seede is like unto an egge layed before the time that it should that is to say whose membrane or tunicle that compasseth it about hath not as yet encreased or growne into a shelly hardnesse about it in folding-wise are seene many small threads dividing themselves over-spread with a certaine clammy whitish or red substance as it were with blacke bloud In the middest under it appeareth the navell from whence that small skinne is produced But a man may understand many things that appertaine unto the conception of mankinde by the observation of twenty egges setting them to bee hatched under an Henne and taking one every day and breaking it and diligently considering it
together and closed and then all the secundine must be taken from the child Therefore the navell string must bee tyed with a double thread an inch from the belly Let not the knot be too hard lest that part of the navell string which is without the knot should fall away sooner than it ought neither too slacke or loose lest that an exceeding and mortall fluxe of bloud should follow after it is cut off and lest that through it that is to say the navell string the cold aire should enter into the childs body When the knot is so made the navell-string must be cut in sunder the breadth of two fingers beneath it with a sharpe knife Upon the section you must apply a double linnen cloth dipped in oyle of Roses or of sweet almonds to mitigate the paine for so within a few dayes after that which is beneath the knot will fall away being destitute of life and nourishment by reason that the veine and artery are tyed so close that no life nor nourishment can come unto it commonly all mydwives doe let it lye unto the bare belly of the infant whereof commeth grievous paine and griping by reason of the coldnesse thereof which dyeth by little and little as destitute of vitall heat But it were farre better to roule it in soft cotton or lint untill it be mortified and so fall away Those mydwives doe unadvisedly who so soone as the infant is borne doe presently tye the navell string and cut it off not looking first for the voyding of the secundine When all these things are done the infant must bee wiped cleansed and rubbed from all filth and excrement with oyle of Roses or Myrtles For thereby the pores of the skinne will bee better shut and the habite of the body the more strengthened There bee some that wash infants at that time in warme water and red wine and afterwards annoynt them with the forenamed oyles Others wash them not with wine alone but boyle therein red Roses and the leaves of Myrtles adding thereto a little salt and then using this lotion for the space of five or sixe dayes they not onely wash away the filth but also resolve and digest if there bee any hard or contused place in the infants tender body by reason of the hard travell and labour in child-birth Their toes and fingers must bee handled drawne asunder and bowed and the joynts of the armes and legges must bee extended and bowed for many dayes and often that thereby that portion of the excrementall humour that remaineth in the joynts by motion may bee heated and resolved If there bee any default in the members either in conformation construction or society with those that are adjoyning to them it must bee corrected or amended with speed Moreover you must looke whether any of the naturall passages bee stopped or covered with a membrane as it often happeneth For if any such cover or stop the orifices of the eares nostrils mouth yard or wombe it must bee cut in sunder by the Chynurgion and the passage must bee kept open by putting in of tents pessaries or desels lest otherwise they should joyne together againe after they are cut If he have one finger more than hee should naturally if his fingers doe cleave close together like unto the feete of a Goose or Ducke if the ligamentall membrane thir is under the tongue bee more short and stiffer than it ought that the infant cannot sucke nor in time to come speake by reason thereof and if there be any other thing contrary to nature it must bee all amended by the industry of some expert Chyrurgion Many times in children newly borne there sticketh on the inner side of their mouth and on their tongue a certain chalkie substance both in colour consistence this affect proceeding from the distemperature of the mouth the French-men call it the white Cancer It will not permit the infant to suck will shortly breed degenerate into ulcers that will creepe into the jawes and even unto the throate and unlesse it bee cleansed speedily will bee their death For remedy whereof it must bee cleansed by detersives as with a linnen cloth bound to a little sticke and dipped in a medicine of an indifferent consistence made with oyle of sweete almonds hony and sugar For by rubbing this gently on it the filth may bee mollified and so cleansed or washed away Moreover it will bee very meete and convenient to give the infant one spoonefull of oyle of almonds to make his belly loose and slippery to asswage the roughnesse of the weason and gullet and to dissolve the tough phlegme which causeth a cough and sometimes difficulty of breathing If the eye lids cleave together or if they bee joyned together or agglutinated to the coats cornea or adnata if the watery tumour called hydrocephalos affect the head then must they bee cured by the proper remedies formerly prescribed against each disease Many from their birth have spots or markes which the common people of France call Signes that is markes or signes Some of these are plaine and equall with the skinne others are raised up into little tumours and like unto warts some have haires upon them many times they are smoothe blacke or pale yet for the most part red When they arise in the face they spread abroad thereon many times with great deformity Many thinke the cause thereof to bee a certaine portion of the menstruall matter cleaving to the sides of the wombe comming of a fresh flux if happely the man doe yet use copulation with the woman or else distilling out of the veines into the wombe mixed and concorporated with the seedes at that time when they are congealed infecting this or that part of the issue being drawne out of the seminall body with their owne colour Women referre the cause thereof unto their longing when they are with childe which may imprint the image of the thing they long for or desire in the child or issue that is not as yet formed as the force or power of imagination in humane bodies is very great but when the child is formed no imagination is able to leave the impression of any thing in it no more than it could cause hornes to grow on the head of King Chypus as hee slept presently after hee was returned from attentively beholding Bulls fighting together Some of those spots bee curable others not as those that are great and those that are on the lips nostrils and eye lids But those that are like unto warts because they are partakers of a certaine maligne quality and melancholicke matter which may bee irritated by endeavouring to cure them are not to bee medled with at all for being troubled and angered they soone turne into a Cancer which they call Noli me tangere Those that are curable are small and in such parts as they may bee dealt withall without danger Therefore they must bee
cloth as it were in a bagge and cast them therein into the bath wherein Iron red hot hath beene extinguished and let the woman that hath lately travelled sit downe therein so long as shee pleaseth and when shee commeth out let her bee layd warme in bedde and let her take some preserved Orange pill or bread toasted and dipped in Ipocras or in wine brewed with spices and then let her sweate if the sweate will come forth of its owne accord On the next day let astringent fomentations bee applyed to the genitals on this wise prepared â„ž gallar nucum Cupressi corticum granat an â„¥ i. rosar rub mi. thymi majoran an m. ss aluminis rochae salis com an Ê’ii boyle them all together in redde wine and make thereof a decoction for a fomentation for the forenamed use The distilled liquor following is very excellent and effectuall to confirme and to draw in the dugges or any other loose parts â„ž charyophyl nucis moschat nucum cupressi an â„¥ i ss mastich â„¥ ii alumin. roch â„¥ i ss glandium corticis querni an lb ss rosar rubr m. i. cort granat â„¥ ii terrae sigillat â„¥ i. cornu cervi usti â„¥ ss myrtillor sanguinis dracon an â„¥ i. boli armeni â„¥ ii ireos florent â„¥ i. sumach berber Hyppuris an m. ss conquassentur omnia macerentur spatio duorum dierum in lb i ss aquae rosarum lb ii prunorum syvestr mespilorum pomorum quernorum lb ss aquae fabrorum aceti denique fortiss â„¥ iv afterward distill it over a gentle fire and keep the distilled liquor for your use wherewith let the parts be fomented twice in a day And after the fomentation let wollen clothes or stupes of linnen cloth be dipped in the liquor and then pressed out and laid to the place When all these things are done and past the woman may againe keep company with her husband CHAP. XXIX What the causes of difficult and painefull travell in child-birth are THe fault dependeth sometimes on the mother and sometimes on the infant or childe within the wombe On the mother if shee bee more fat if shee bee given to gurmundize or great eating if she be too leane or yong as Savanarola thinketh her to bee that is great with childe at nine yeares of age or unexpert or more old or weaker than shee should bee eyther by nature or by some accident as by diseases that shee hath had a little before the time of child-birth or with a great fluxe of bloud But those that fall in travell before the full and prefixed time are very difficult to deliver because the fruit is yet unripe and not ready or easie to bee delivered If the necke or orifice of the wombe bee narrow eyther from the first conformation or afterwards by some chance as by an ulcer cicatrized or more hard and callous by reason that it hath beene torne before at the birth of some other childe and so cicatrized againe so that if the cicatrizeed place bee not cut even in the moment of the deliverance both the childe and the mother will bee in danger of death also the rude handling of the mydwife may hinder the free deliverance of the child Oftentimes women are letted in travell by shamefac'tnesse by reason of the presence of some man or hate to some woman there present If the secundine bee pulled away sooner than it is necessary it may cause a great fluxe of bloud to fill the wombe so that then it cannot performe his exclusive faculty no otherwise than the bladder when it is distended by reason of overabundance of water that is therein cannot cast it forth so that there is a stoppage of the urine But the wombe is much rather hindred or the faculty of child-bith is stopped or delayed if together with the stopping of the secundine there be either a mole or some other body contrary to nature in the wombe In the secundines of two women whom I delivered of two children that were dead in their bodies I found a great quantity of sand like unto that that is found about the banks of rivers so that the gravell or sand that was in each secundine was a full pound in weight Also the infant may bee the occasion of difficult child-birth as if too bigge if it come overthwart if it come with its face upwards and its buttocks forwards if it come with its feet and hands both forwards at once if it be dead and swolne by reason of corruption if it bee monstrous if it have two bodies or two heads if it bee manifold or seven-fold as Albucrasis affirmeth hee hath seene if there bee a mole annexed thereto if it be very weake if when the waters are flowed out it doth not move or stirre or offer its selfe to come forth Yet notwithstanding it happeneth sometimes that the fault is neither in the mother nor the childe but in the aire which being cold doth so binde congeale and make stiffe the genitall parts that they cannot bee relaxed or being contrariwise too hot it weakeneth the woman that is in travell by reason that it wasteth the spirits wherein all the strength consisteth or in the ignorant and unexpert mydwife who cannot artificially rule and governe the endeavours of the woman in travell The birth is wont to bee easie if it bee in the due and prefixed naturall time if the childe offer himselfe lustily to come forth with his head forwards presently after the waters are come forth and the mother in like manner lusty and strong those which are wont to bee troubled with very difficult child-birth ought a little before the time of the birth to goe into an halfe tub filled with the decoction of mollifying rootes and seeds to have their genitals wombe and necke thereof to bee anoynted with much oyle and the intestines that are full and loaded must bee unburthened of the excrements and then the expulsive faculty provoked with a sharpe glyster that the tumours and swelling of the birth concurring therewith the more easie exclusion may be made But I like it rather better that the woman in travell should be placed in a chaire that hath the backe thereof leaning backwards than in her bed but the chair must have a hole in the bottome whereby the bones that must be dilated in the birth may have more freedome to close themselves againe CHAP. XXX The causes of Abortion or untimely birth ABortion or untimely birth is one thing and effluxion another They call abortion the sudden exclusion of the childe already formed and alive before the perfect maturity thereof But that is called effluxion which is the falling downe of seeds mixed together and coagulated but for the space of a few dayes onely in the formes of membranes or tunicles congealed bloud and of an unshapen or deformed piece of flesh the mydwives of our countrey call it a false branch or budde This effluxion
is the cause of great paine and most bitter and cruell torment to the woman leaving behinde it weaknesse of body farre greater than if the childe were borne at the due time The causes of abortion or untimely birth whereof the the child is called an abortive are many as a great scouring a strangury joyned with heate and inflammation sharpe fretting of the guts a great and continuall cough exceeding vomiting vehement labour in running leaping and dauncing and by a great fall from on high carrying of a great burthen riding on a trotting horse or in a Coach by vehement often and ardent copulation with men or by a great blow or stroke on the belly For all these such like vehement and inordinate motions dissolve the ligaments of the wombe and so cause abortion or untimely birth Also whatsoever presseth or girdeth in the mothers belly and therewith also the wombe that is within it as are those Ivory or Whale-bone buskes which women weare on their bodies thereby to keepe downe their bellies by these and such like things the childe is letted or hindred from growing to his full strength so that by expression or as it were by compulsion hee is often forced to come forth before the legitimate and lawfull time Thundering the noyse of the shooting of great Ordnance the sound and vehement noyse of the ringing of Bells constraine women to fall in travell before their time especially women that are young whose bodies are soft slacke and tenderer than those that bee of riper yeares Long and great fasting a great fluxe of bloud especially when the infant is growne some what great but if it bee but two moneths old the danger is not so great because then hee needeth not so great quantity of nourishment also a long disease of the mother which consumeth the bloud causeth the childe to come forth being destitute of store of nourishment before the fit time Moreover fulnesse by reason of the eating great store of meates often maketh or causeth untimely birth because it depraveth the strength and presseth down the child as likewise the use of meats that are of an evill juice which they lust or long for But bathes because they relaxe the ligaments of the wombe and hot houses for that the fervent and choaking ayre is received into the body provoke the infant to strive to goe forth to take the cold ayre and so cause abortion What women soever being indifferently well in their bodies travell in the second or third moneth without any manifest cause those have the Cotylidones of their womb full of filth and matter and cannot hold up the infant by reason of the weight thereof but are broken Moreover sudden or continuall perturbations of the minde whether they bee through anger or feare may cause women to travell before their time and are accounted as the causes of abortions for that they cause great and vehement trouble in the body Those women that are like to travell before their time their dugs will wax little therefore when a woman is great with childe if her dugs suddenly wax small or slender it is a signe that shee will travell before her time the cause of such shrinking of the dugs is that the matter of the milke is drawne back into the wombe by reason that the infant wanteth nourishment to nourish and succour it withall Which scarcity the infant not long abiding striveth to goe forth to seek that abroad which he cannot have within for among the causes which do make the infant to come out of the womb those are most usually named with Hippocrates the necessity of a more large nutriment and aire Therfore if a woman that is with child have one of her dugs small if she have two children she is like to travell of one of them before the full and perfect time so that if the right dug be small it is a man child but if it be the left dug it is a female Women are in farre more paine when they bring forth their children before the time than if it were at the full and due time because that whatsoever is contrary to nature is troublesome painefull and also oftentimes dangerous If there be any errour committed at the first time of childe-birth it is commonly seene that it happeneth alwayes after at each time of child-birth Therefore to find out the causes of that errour you must take the counsell of some Physician and after his counsell endeavour to amend the same Truly this plaster following being applyed to the reines doth confirme the wombe and stay the infant therein â„ž ladaniÊ’ii galang â„¥ i. nucis moschat nucis cupressi boli armeni terrae sigill sanguin dracon balaust an Ê’ss acatiae psidiorum hypocistid an â„¥ i. mastich myrrhae an Ê’ii gummi arabic Ê’i terebinth venet Ê’ii picis naval â„¥ i. ss ceraequantum sufficit fiat emplast secundem artem spread it for your use upon leather if the part begin to itch let the plaster be taken away in stead thereof use unguent rosat or refrig Galen or this that followeth â„ž olei myrtini mastich cydonior an â„¥ i. hypocist boli armen sang dracon acatiae an Ê’i sant citrini â„¥ ss cerae quant suf make thereof an oyntment according unto art There are women that beare the child in their wombe ten or eleven whole moneths and such children have their conformation of much and large quantity of seede wherefore they will bee more bigge great and strong and therefore they require more time to come to their perfection and maturity for those fruits that are great will not bee so soone ripe as those that are small But children that are small and little of body do often come to their perfection and maturity in seven or nine months if all other things are correspondent in greatnesse and bignesse of body it happeneth for the most part that the woman with child is not delivered before the ninth moneth bee done or at the least wise in the same moneth But a male child will bee commonly borne at the beginning or a little before the beginning of the same moneth by reason of his engrafted heat which causeth maturity and ripenesse Furthermore the infant is sooner come to maturity and perfection in a hot woman than in a cold for it is the property of heat to ripen CHAP. XXXI How to preserve the infant being in the wombe when the mother is dead IF all the signes of death appeare in the woman that lieth in travell and cannot be delivered there must then be a Chirurgian ready and at hand which may open her body so soone as shee is dead whereby the infant may be preserved in safety neither can it bee supposed sufficient if the mothers mouth and privie parts bee held open for the infant being enclosed in his mothers wombe and compassed with the membranes cannot take his breath but by the contractions and
dilatations of the artery of the navell But when the mother is dead the lungs doe not execute their office and function therefore they cannot gather in the aire that compasseth the body by the mouth or aspera arteria into their owne substance or into the arteries that are dispersed throughout the body thereof by reason whereof it cannot send it unto the heart by the veiny artery which is called arteria venalis for if the heart want aire there cannot bee any in the great artery which is called arteria aorta whose function it is to draw it from the heart also by reason thereof it is wanting in the arteries of the wombe which are as it were the little conduits of that great artery whereinto the aire that is brought from the heart is derived and floweth in unto these little ones of all the body and likewise of the wombe Wherefore it must of necessity follow that the aire is wanting to the cotyledons of the secundines to the arterie of the infants navell the iliacke arteries also and therefore unto his heart and so unto all his body for the aire being drawne by the mothers lungs is accustomed to come to the infant by this continuation of passages Therefore because death maketh all the motions of the mothers body to cease it is farre better to open her body so soone as shee is dead beginning the incision at the cartelage Xiphoides or breast-blade and making it in a forme semicircular cutting the skinne muscles and peritonaeum not touching the guts then the wombe being lifted up must first be cut lest that otherwise the infant might perchance be touched or hurt with the knife You shall oftentimes finde the childe unmoveable as though hee were dead but not because he is dead indeed but by reason that he being destitute of the accesse of the spirits by the death of the mother hath contracted a great weakenesse yet you may know whether hee be dead indeed or not by handling the artery of the navell for it will beat and pant if he be alive otherwise not but if there be any life yet remaining in him shortly after he hath taken in the aire and is recreated with the accesse thereof he will move all his members and also all his whole body In so great a weakenesse or debility of the strength of the childe the secundine must not bee separated as yet from the childe by cutting the navell string but it must rather be laid close to the region of the belly thereof that thereby the heat if there be any jor remaining may bee stirred up againe But I cannot sufficiently marvaile at the insolency of those that affirme that they have seene women whose bellies and wombe have bin more than once cut and the infant taken out when it could no otherwise be gotten forth and yet notwithstanding alive which thing there is no man can perswade me can be done without the death of the mother by reason of the necessary greatnesse of the wound that must be made in the muscles of the belly and substance of the wombe for the wombe of a woman that is great with childe by reason that it swelleth and is distended with much blood must needs yeeld a great flux of blood which of necessity must be mortall And to conclude when that the wound or incision of the wombe is cicatrized it will not permit or suffer the womb to be dilated or extended to receive or beare a new birth For these and such like other causes this kinde of cure as desperate and dangerous is not in mine opinion to be used CHAP. XXXII Of superfoetation SUperfoetation is when a woman doth beare two or more children at one time in her wombe and they bee enclosed each in his severall secundine but those that are included in the same secundine are supposed to bee conceived at one and the same time of copulation by reason of the great and copious abundance of seed and these have no number of daies between their conception birth but all at once For as presently after meat the stomacke which is naturally of a good temper is contracted or drawn together about the meate to comprehend it on every side though small in quantity as it were by both hands so that it cannot rowle neither unto this or that side so the wombe is drawne together unto the conception about both the seeds as soone as they are brought into the capacity thereof and is so drawne in unto it on every side that it may come together into one body not permitting any portion thereof to goe into any other region or side so that by one time of copulation the seed that is mixed together cannot engender more children than one which are devided by their secundines And moreover because there are no such cells in the wombes of women as are supposed or rather knowne to bee in the wombs of beasts which therefore bring forth many at one conception or birth But now if any part of the womans wombe doth not apply and adjoine it selfe closely to the conception of the seed already received lest any thing should be given by nature for no purpose it must of necessity follow that it must be filled with aire which will alter and corrupt the seeds Therefore the generation of more than one infant at a time having every one his severall secundine is on this wise If a woman conceave by copulation with a man as this day and if that for a few daies after the conception the orifice of the wombe be not exactly shut but rather gape a little and if shee doe then use copulation againe so that at both these times of copulation there may be an effusion or perfect mixture of the fertile seed in the wombe there will follow a new conception or superfoetation For superfoetation is no other thing than a certaine second conception when the woman already with childe againe useth copulation with a man and so conceiveth againe according to the judgement of Hippocrates But there may be many causes alledged why the wombe which did joyne and close doth open and unlose it selfe againe For there bee some that suppose the wombe to be open at certaine times after the conception that there may be an issue out for certaine excrementall matters that are contained therein and therefore that the woman that hath so conceived already and shall then use copulation with a man againe shall also conceive againe Others say that the wombe of it selfe and of its own nature is very desirous of seed or copulation or else being heated or enflamed with the pleasant motion of the man moving her thereto doth at length unclose it selfe to receive the mans seed for like-wise it happeneth many times that the orifice of the stomack being shut after eating is presently unloosed again when other delicate meats are offered to be eaten even so may the wombe unclose it selfe againe at certain seasons
whereof come manifold issues whose time of birth and also of conception are different For as Pliny writeth when there hath bin a little space between two conceptions they are both hastened as it appeared in Hercules and his brother Iphicles and in her which having two children at a birth brought forth one like unto her husband and another like unto the adulterer And also in the Procomesian slave or bond-woman who by copulation on the same day brought forth one like unto her master and another like unto his steward and in another who brought forth one at the due time of childe-birth and another at five moneths end And againe in another who bringing forth her burthen on the seventh moneth brought forth two more in the moneths following But this is a most manifest argument of superfoetation that as many children as are in the wombe unlesse they bee twinnes of the same sexe so many secundines are there as I have often seene my selfe And it is very likely that if they were conceived in the same moment of time that they should all bee included in one secundine But when a woman hath more children than two at one burden it seemeth to bee a monstrous thing because that nature hath given her but two breasts Although wee shall hereafter rehearse many examples of more numerous births CHAP. XXXIII Of the tumour called Mola or a Mole growing in the wombe of Women OF the greeke word Myle which signifieth a Mill-stone this tumour called Mola hath its name for it is like unto a Mill-stone both in the round or circular figure and also in hard consistence for the which selfe same reason the whirle-bone of the knee is called of the Latines mola and of the Greeks Myle But the tumor called Mola whereof we heere entreate is nothing else but a certain false conception of deformed flesh round and hard conceived in the wombe as it were rude and unperfect and not distinguished into members comming by corrupt weake and diseased seed and of the immoderate fluxe of the termes as it is defined by Hippocrates This is enclosed in no secundine but as it were in its owne skinne There are some that thinke the Mola to bee engendered of the concourse or mixture of the womans seed and menstruall blood without the communication of the mans seed But the opinion of Galen is that never any man saw a woman conceive either a Mola or any other such thing without copulation of man as an hen laieth eggs without a cock for the onely cause and originall of that motion is in the mans seed and the mans seed doth onely minister matter for the generation thereof Of the same opinion is Avicen who thinketh the Mola to be made by the confluxion of the mans seed that is unfertile with the womans when as it because unfruitfull onely puffes up or makes the womans seed to swell as leaven into a greater bignesse but not into any perfect shape or forme Which is also the opinion of Fernelius by the decrees of Hippocrates and Avicen for the immoderate fluxes of the courses are conducing to the generation of the mola which overwhelming the mans seed being now unfruitfull and weake doth constraine it to desist from its enterprise of conformation already begun as vanquished or wholly overcome for the generation of the mola commeth not of a simple heat working upon a clammy and grosse humour as wormes are generated but of both the seeds by the efficacy of a certaine spirit after a sort prolificall as may be understood by the membranes wherein the mola is enclosed by the ligaments whereby many times it is fastened or bound to the true conception or child engendered or begotten by superfoetation and finally by the encrease and great and sluggish waight If all men were not perswaded that the conflux of a mans seed must of necessity concurre to the generation of the mola it would bee no small cloake or cover to women to avoide the shame and reproach of their light behaviour CHAP. XXXIIII How to discerne a true conception from a false conception or Mola WHen the mola is enclosed in the wombe the same things appear as in the true and lawfull conception But the more proper signes of the mola are these there is a certaine pricking paine which at the beginning troubleth the belly as if it were the cholicke the belly will swell sooner than it would if it were the true issue and will be distended with greater hardnesse and is more difficult and troublesome to carry because it is contrary to nature and voyd of soule or life Presently after the conception the dugges swell and puffe up but shortly they fall and become lanke and laxe for nature sendeth milk thither in vaine because there is no issue in the wombe that may spend the same The mola will move before the third month although it be obscurely but the true conception will not but this motion of the mola is not of the intellectuall soule but of the faculty of the wombe and of the spirit of the seed dispersed through the substance of the mola for it is nourished and encreaseth after the manner of plants but not by reason of a soul or spirit sent from above as the infant doth Moreover that motion that the infant hath in its due and appointed time differeth much from the motion of the mola for the childe is moved to the right side to the left side and to every side gently but the mola by reason of its heavinesse is fixed and rowleth in manner of a stone carried by the weight thereof unto what side soever the woman declineth her selfe The woman that hath a mola in her wombe doth daily waxe leaner and leaner in all her members but especially in her legges although notwithstanding towards night they will swell so that shee will bee very slow or heavie in going the naturall heat forsaking the parts remote from the heart by little and little and moreover her belly swells by reason that the menstruall matter resteth about those places and is not consumed in the nourishment of the mola she is swolne as if she had the dropsie but that it is harder and doth not rise againe when it is pressed with the fingers The navell doth not stand out as it will do when the true issue is conteined in the womb neither do the courses flow as they sometimes do in the true conception but sometimes great fluxes happen which ease the waight of the belly In many when the mola doth cleave not very fast it falleth away within three or foure moneths being not as yet come unto its just bignesse and many times it cleaveth to the sides of the wombe and Cotyledons very firmely so that some women carry it in their wombs five or sixe yeeres and some as long as they live The wife of Guiliam Roger Pewterer dwelling in S. Victors
opinion of Galen who saith that Scrophulaes are nothing else but indurate scirrhous kernels But the Mesenterium with his glandules being great and many making the Pancreas doth establish strengthen and confirme the divisions of the vessels Also the scirrhus of the proper substance of the wombe is to bee distinguished from the mola for in the bodies of some women that I have opened I have found the wombe annoyed with a scirrhous tumour as big as a mans head in the curing whereof Physicians nothing prevailed because they supposed it to bee a mola contained in the capacity of the wombe and not a scirrhous tumour in the body thereof CHAP. XXXVII Of the cause of barrennesse in men THere are many causes of barrenness in men that is to say the too hot cold dry or moyst distemper of the seed the more liquid and flexible consistence thereof so that it cannot stay in the womb but will presently flow out again for such is the seed of old men and striplings and of such as use the act of generation too often and immoderately for thereby the seed becommeth crude and waterish because that it doth not remaine his due and lawfull time in the testicles wherein it should be perfectly wrought and concocted but is evacuated by wanton copulation Furthermore that the seed may be fertile it must of necessity be copious in quantity but in quality well concocted moderately thicke clammy and puffed up with the abundance of spirits both these conditions are wanting in the seed of them that use copulation too often and moreover because the wives of those men never gather a just quantity of seede laudible both in quality and consistence in their testicles whereby it commeth to passe that they are the lesse provoked or delighted with venereous actions and performe the act with lesse alacrity so that they yeeld themselves lesse prone to conception Therefore let those that would be parents of many children use a mediocrity in the use of venery The woman may perceive that the mans seed hath some distemperature in it if when shee hath received it into her wombe shee feeleth it sharpe hot or cold if the man be more quick or slow in the act Many become barren after they have beene cut for the stone and likewise when they have had a wound behind the eares whereby certaine branches of the jugular veines and arteries have been cut that are there so that after those vessels have been cicatrized there followed an interception of the seminall matter downewards and also of the community which ought of necessity to be betweene the braine and the testicles so that when the conduits or passages are stopped the stones or testicles cannot any more receive neither matter nor lively spirits from the braine in so great quantity as it was wont whereof it must of necessity follow that the seed must bee lesser in quantity and weaker in quality Those that have their testicles cut off or else compressed or contused by violence cannot beget children because that either they want the help that the testicles should minister in the act of generation or else because the passage of the seminall matter is intercepted or stopped with a Callus by reason whereof they cannot yeeld forth seed but a certaine clammy humour conteyned in the glandules called prostatae yet with some feeling of delight Moreover the defects or imperfections of the yard may cause barrennesse as if it be too short on if it bee so unreasonable great that it renteth the privie parts of the woman and so causeth a fluxe of bloud for then it is so painefull to the woman that shee cannot voyde her seed for that cannot bee excluded without pleasure and delight also if the shortnesse of the ligament that is under the yard doth make it to bee crooked and violate the stiffe straightnesse thereof so that it cannot be put directly or straightly in the womans privie parts There bee some that have not the orifice of the conduit of the yard rightly in the end thereof but a little higher so that they cannot ejaculate or cast out their seed directly into the wombe Also the particular palsie of the yard is numbred among the causes of barrennesse and you may prove whether the palsie be in the yard by dipping the genitals in cold water for except they do draw themselves together or shrinke up after it it is a token of the palsie for members that have the palsie by the touching of cold water do not shrinke up but remaine in their accustomed laxity and loosenesse but in this case the genitals are endued with small sense the seed commeth out without pleasure or stiffenesse of the yard the stones in touching are cold and to conclude those that have their bodies daily waxing leane through a consumption or that are vexed with an evill habit or disposition or with the obstruction of some of the entrals are barren and unfertile and likewise those in whom some noble part necessary to life and generation exceedeth the bounds of nature with some great distemperature and lastly those who by any meanes have their genitall parts deformed Here I omit those that are witholden from the act of generation by inchantment magick witching and enchanted knots bands and ligatures for those causes belong not to physick neither may they bee taken away by the remedies of our art The Doctors of the Cannons lawes have made mention of those magick bands which may have power in them in the particular title De frigidis maleficiatis impotentibus incantatis also St. August hath made mention of them Tract 7. in Joan. CHAP. XXXVIII Of the barrennesse or unfruitfulnesse of women A Woman may become barren or unfruitfull through the obstruction of the passage of the seed or through straightnesse or narrownesse of the necke of the wombe comming either through the default of the formative facultie or else afterwards by some mischance as by an abscesse scirrhus warts chaps or by an ulcer which being cicatrized doth make the way more narrow so that the yard cannot have free passage thereinto Moreover the membrane called Hymen when it groweth in the midst or in the bottome of the neck of the wombe hinders the receiving of the mans seede Also if the womb be over slippery or moreloose or slack or over wide it maketh the woman to bee barren so doth the suppression of the menstruall fluxes or the too immoderate flowing of the courses or whites which commeth by the default of the wombe or some entrall or of the whole body which consumeth the menstruall matter and carrieth the seed away with it The cold and moyst distemperature of the wombe extinguishes and suffocates the mans seed and maketh it that it will not stay or cleave unto the wombe and stay till it be conconcted but the more hot and dry doth corrupt for want of nourishment for the seeds that are sowne
either in a marish or sandy ground cannot prosper well also a mola contained in the wombe the falling down of the wombe the leannesse of the womans body ill humours bred by eating crude and raw fruits or great or over-much drinking of water whereof obstructions and crudities follow which hinder her fruitfulnesse Furthermore by the use of stupefactive things the seminall matter is congealed and restrained and though it flow and be cast out yet it is deprived of the prolificke power and of the lively heat and spirits the orifices or cotylidones of the veines and arteries are stopped and so the passage for the menstruall matter into the wombe is stopped When the Kall is so fat that it girdeth in the wombe narrowly it hindereth the fruitfulnesse of the woman because it will not permit the mans seed to enter into the wombe Moreover the fat and fleshy habit of the man or woman hinder generation For it hindreth them that they cannot joyne their genitall parts together and by how much the more bloud goeth into fat by so much the lesse is remaining to be turned into seed menstruall bloud which two are the originals principals of generation Those women that are speckled in the face some what lean pale because they have their genitals moystned with a saltish sharp and tickling humour are more given to venery than those that are red fat Finally Hippocrates sets downe foure causes onely why women are barren and unfruitfull The first is because they cannot receive the mans seede by reason of the default of the neck of the wombe the second because when it is received into the wombe they cannot conceive it the third is because they cannot nourish it the fourth because they are not able to carry or beare it untill the due and lawfull time of birth These things are necessary to generation the object wil faculty concourse of the seeds and the remaining or abiding thereof in the wombe untill the due and appointed naturall time CHAP. XXXIX The signes of a distempered wombe THat woman is thought to have her wombe too hot whose courses come forth sparingly and with paine and exulcerate by reason of their heate the superfluous matter of the bloud being dissolved or turned into wind by the power of the heat whereupon that menstruall bloud that floweth forth is more grosse and black For it is the property of heat by digesting the thinner substance to thicken the rest and by adustion to make it more black Furthermore shee that hath her genitals itching with the desire of copulation will soone exclude the seede in copulation and shee shall feele it more sharpe as it goeth through the passages That woman hath too cold a wombe whose flowers are either stopped or flow sparingly and those pale and not well coloured Those that have lesse desire of copulation have lesse delight therein and their seed is more liquid and waterish and not stayning a linnen cloth by sticking thereunto and it is sparingly and slowly cast forth That wombe is too moist that floweth continually with many liquid excrements which therefore will not hold the seed but presently after copulation suffereth it to fall out which will easily cause abortion The signes of too dry a wombe appeare in the little quantity of the courses in the profusion of a small quantity of seed by the desire of copulation whereby it may be made slippery by the moysture of the seede by the fissures in the necke thereof by the chaps and itching for all things for want of moysture will soone chap even like unto the ground which in the summer by reason of a great drought or drynesse will chap and chinke this way and that way and on the contrary with moisture it will close and joyne together againe as it were with glew A woman is thought to have all opportunities unto conception when her courses or flowers doe cease for then the wombe is voyd of excrementall filth and because it is yet open it will the more easily receive the mans seede and when it hath received it it will better retaine it in the wrinkles of the cotylidones yet gaping as it were in rough and unequall places Yet a woman will easily conceave a little before the time that the flowers ought to flow because that the menstruall matter falling at first like dew into the wombe is very meet and fit to nourish the seede and not to drive it out againe or to suffocate it Those which use copulation when their courses fall downe abundantly will very hardly or seldome conceive and if they doe conceive the child will be weake and diseased and especially if the womans bloud that flowes out be unfound but if the bloud bee good and laudable the childe will bee subject to all plethoricke diseases There are some women in whom presently after the fluxe of the termes the orifice of the wombe will be closed so that they must of necessity use copulation with a man when their menstruall fluxe floweth if at lest they would conceive at all A woman may beare children from the age of fourteene untill forty or fifty which time whosoever doth exceed will beare untill threescore yeares because the menstruall fluxes are kept the prolificall faculty is also preserved therefore many women have brought forth children at that age but after that time no woman can beare as Aristotle writeth Yet Pliny saith that Cornelia who was of the house of the Scipioes being in the sixty second yeare of her age bare Volusius Saturnius who was Consull Valescus de Tarenta also affirmeth that he saw a woman that bare a childe on the sixty second yeare of her age having borne before on the sixtieth and sixty first yeare Therefore it is to bee supposed that by reason of the variety of the ayre region diet and temperament the menstruall fluxe and procreative faculty ceaseth in some sooner in some later which variety taketh place also in men For in them although the seede be genitable for the most part in the second seventh yeare yet truely it is unfruitfull untill the third seventh yeare And whereas most men beget children untill they bee threescore yeers old which time if they passe they beget till seventy yet there are some knowne that have begot children untill the eightieth yeere Moreover Pliny writeth that Masinissa the King begot a sonne when hee was fourescore and sixe yeeres of age and also Cato the Censor after that he was fourescore CHAP. XL. Of the falling downe or perversion or turning of the wombe THe wombe is said to fall downe and be perverted when it is moved out of its proper and naturall place as when the bands and ligatures thereof being loosed and relaxed it falleth downe unto one side or other or into its owne necke or else passeth further so that it comes out at the necke and a great portion thereof appeares without the privie
by reason of the accesse of grosse vapours and humours that are contained therein and also snatched as it were by a convulfive motion by reason that the vessels and ligaments distended with fulnesse are so carried upwards against the midriffe and parts of the breast that it maketh the breath to bee short and often as if a thing lay upon the breast and pressed it Moreover the wombe swelleth because there is contained or inclosed in it a certaine substance caused by the defluxion either of the seed or flowers or of the womb or whites or of some other humour tumour abscesse rotten apostume or some ill juice putrefying or getting or engendering an ill quality and resolved into grosse vapours These as they affect sundry or divers places inferre divers and sundry accidents as rumbling and noyse in the belly if it be in the guts desire to vomit after with seldome vomiting commeth wearinesse and loathing of meat if it trouble the stomack Choaking with strangulation if it assaile the breast and throate swouning if it vex the heart madnesse or else that which is contrary thereto sound sleep or drousinesse if it grieve the brain all which oftentimes prove as maligne as the biting of a mad dogge or equall the stinging or bitings of venemous beasts It hath been observed that more grievous symptomes have proceeded from the corruption of the seede than of the menstruall bloud For by how much every thing is more perfect and noble while it is conteyned within the bounds of the integrity of its owne nature by so much it is the more grievous and perillous when by corruption it hath once transgressed the lawes thereof But this kind of accident doth very seldome grieve those women which have their menstruall fluxe well and orderly and doe use copulation familiarly but very often those women that have not their menstruall fluxe as they should and do want and are destitute of husbands especially if they be great eaters and lead a solitary life When the vessels and ligaments of the wombe are swollen and distended as wee said before so much as is added to their latitude or breadth so much is wanting in their length and therefore it hapneth that the wombe being removed out of its seate doth one while fall to the right side towards the liver sometimes to the left side towards the milt sometimes upwards unto the midriffe and stomacke sometimes downewards and so forwards unto the bladder whereof commeth an Ischury and strangury or backwards whereof commeth oppression of the straight gut and suppression of the excrements and the Tenesmus But although wee acknowledge the wombe to decline to those parts which wee named yet it is not by accident onely as when it is drawne by the proper and common ligaments and bands when they are contracted or made shorter being distended with fulnesse but also of its selfe as when it is forced or provoked through the griefe of something contrary to nature that is contained therein it wandreth sometimes unto one side and sometimes unto another part with a plaine and evident naturall motion like unto the stomack which imbraceth any thing that is gentle and milde but avoydeth any thing that is offensive and hurtfull yet we deny that so great accidents may bee stirred up by the falling of it alone unto this or that side for then it might happen that women that are great with childe whose wombes are so distended by reason that the childe is great that it doth presse the midriffe might be troubled with a strangulation like unto this but much rather by a venemous humour breathing out a maligne and grosse vapour not onely by the veines and arteries but also by the pores that are invisible which pollutes the faculties of the parts which it toucheth with its venemous malignity infection and intercepts the functions thereof Neither doth the variety of the parts receiving only but also of the matter received cause variety of accidents For some accidents come by suppression of the termes others come by corruption of the seede but if the matter bee cold it bringeth a drousinesse being lifted up unto the braine whereby the woman sinketh downe as if shee were astonished and lyeth without motion and sense or feeling and the beating of the arteries and the breathing are so small that somtimes it is thought they are not at all but that the woman is altogether dead If it be more grosse it inferreth a convulsion if it participate of the nature of a grosse melancholick humour it bringeth such heavinesse fear and sorrowfulnesse that the party that is vexed therewith shall thinke that shee shall die presently and cannot be brought out of this minde by any meanes or reason if of a cholerick humour it causeth the madnesse called furor uterinus and such a pratling that they speake all things that are to be concealed and a giddinesse of the head by reason that the animal spirit is suddenly shaken by the admixtion of a putrefied vapour and hot spirit but nothing is more admirable than that this disease taketh the patient sometimes with laughing and sometimes with weeping for some at the first will weepe and then laugh in the same disease and state thereof But it exceedeth all admiration which Hollerius writeth usually happened to two of the daughters of the Provost of Roven For they were held with long laughter for an houre or two before the fitte which neither for feare admonition nor for any other meanes they could hold and their parents chid them and asked them wherefore they did so they answered that they were not able to stay their laughter The ascention of the wombe is diligently to bee distinguished from the strangulation thereof for the accidents of the ascention and of the strangulation are not one but the woman is onely oppressed with a certaine paine of the heart difficulty of breathing or swouning but yet without feare without raving or idle talking or any other greater accident Therefore often times contrary causes inferre the ascention that is overmuch drynesse of the wombe labouring through the defect of moysture whereby it is forced after too violent and immoderate evacuations of the flowers and in childe-bed and such like and laborious and painefull travell in child-birth through which occasion it waxeth hot contrary to nature and withereth and turneth it selfe with a certaine violence unto the parts adjoyning that is to say unto the liver stomacke and midriffe if happely it may draw some moysture therehence unto it I omit that the wombe may be brought unto its place upwards by often smelling to aromatick things yet in the meane while it infers not the strangulation that wee described before CHAP. XLV The signes of imminent strangulation of the wombe BEfore that these forenamed accidents come the woman thinks that a certaine painefull thing ariseth from her wombe unto the orifice of the stomacke and heart and shee thinketh her selfe
a veine great sweats ulcers flowing much and long scabbinesse of the whole skinne immoderate grossenesse and clamminesse of the blood and by eating of raw fruites and drinking of cold water by sluggishnesse and thicknesse of the vessels and also the obstruction of them by the defaults and diseases of the wombe by distemperature an abscesse an ulcer by the obstruction of the inner orifice thereof by the growing of a Callus caruncle cicatrize of a wound or ulcer or membrane growing there by injecting of astringent things into the necke of the wombe which place many women endeavour foolishly to make narrow I speake nothing of age greatnesse with child nursing of children because these causes are not besides nature neither doe they require the helpe of the Physitian Many women when their flowers or tearmes be stopped degenerate after a manner into a certaine manly nature whence they are called Viragines that is to say stout or manly women therefore their voice is more loud and bigge like unto a mans and they become bearded In the city Abdera saith Hippocrates Phaethusa the wife of Pytheas at the first did beare children and was fruitfull but when her husband was exiled her flowers were stopped for a long time but when these things happened her body became manlike and rough and had a beard and her voice was great and shrill The very same thing happened to Namysia the wife of Gorgippus in Thasus Those virgins that from the beginning have not their monethly fluxe and yet neverthelesse enjoy their perfect health they must necessarily be hot and dry or rather of a manly heat and drynesse that they may so disperse and dissipate by transpiration as men doe the excrements that are gathered but verily all such are barren CHAP. LII What accidents follow the suppression or stopping of the monthly fluxe or flowers WHen the flowers or monethly fluxe are stopped diseases affect the womb and from thence passe into all the whole body For thereof commeth suffocation of the womb headache swouning beating of the heart and swelling of the breasts and secret parts inflammation of the wombe an abscesse ulcer cancer a feaver nauseousnesse vomitings difficult and slow concoction the dropsie strangury the full wombe pressing upon the orifice of the bladder blacke and bloody urine by reason that portion of the blood sweateth out into the bladder In many women the stopped matter of the monethly fluxe is excluded by vomiting urine and the hoemorrhoides in some it groweth into varices In my wife when shee was a maide the menstruall matter was excluded and purged by the nostrills The wife of Peter Feure of Casteaudun was purged of her menstruall matter by the dugges every moneth and in such abundance that scarce three or foure cloaths were able to dry it and sucke it up In those that have not the fluxe monethly to evacuate this plenitude by some part or place of the body there often followes difficulty of breathing melancholy madnesse the gout an ill disposition of the whole body dissolution of the strength of the whole body want of appetite a consumption the falling sickenesse an apoplexie Those whose blood is laudable yet not so abundant doe receive no other discommodity by the suppression of the flowers unlesse it be that the wombe burnes or itcheth with the desire of copulation by reason that the wombe is distended with hot and itching blood especially if they lead a sedentary life Those women that have beene accustomed to beare children are not so grieved and evill at ease when their flowers are stopped by any chance contrary to nature as those women which did never conceive because they have beene used to be filled and the vessels by reason of their customary repletion and distention are more large and capacious when the courses flow the appetite is partly dejected for that nature being then wholly applied to expulsion cannot throughly concoct or digest the face waxeth pale and without its lively colour because that the heat with the spirits go from without inwards so to helpe and aide the expulsive faculty CHAP. LIII Of provoking the flowers or courses THe suppression of the flowers is a plethorick disease and therefore must be cured by evacuation which must be done by opening the veine called Saphena which is at the ankle but first let the basilike veine of the arme be opened especially if the body bee plethoricke lest that there should a greater attraction be made into the wombe and by such attraction or flowing in there should come a greater obstruction When the veines of the wombe are distended with so great a swelling that they may be seen it will be very profitable to apply horse-leeches to the necke thereof pessaries for women may be used but fumigations of aromaticke things are more meet for maides because they are bashfull and shamefaced Unguents liniments emplasters cataplasmes that serve for that matter are to bee prescribed and applied to the secret parts ligatures and frictions of the thighes and legges are not to bee omitted fomentations and sternutatories are to be used and cupping glasses are to bee applied to the groines walking dancing riding often and wanton copulation with her husband and such like exercises provoke the flowers Of plants the flowers of St. Johns wort the rootes of fennell and asparagus bruscus or butchers broom of parsley brooke-lime basill balme betony garlicke onions crista marina costmary the rinde or barke of cassia fistula calamint origanum pennyroyall mugwort thyme hissope sage marjoram rosemary horehound rue savine spurge saffron agaricke the flowers of elder bay berries the berries of Ivie scammony Cantharides pyrethrum or pellitory of Spaine suphorbium The aromaticke things are amomum cynamon squinanth nutmegs calamus aromaticus cyperus ginger cloves galangall pepper cubibes amber muske spiknard and such like of all which let fomentations fumigations baths broaths boles potions pills syrupes apozemes and opiates be made as the Physitians shall thinke good The apozeme that followeth is proved to be very effectuall â„ž flo flor dictam an pii pimpinel m ss omnium capillar an p i. artemis thymi marjor origan an m ss rad rub major petroselin faenicul an â„¥ i ss rad paeon. bistort an Ê’ ss cicerum rub sem paeon. faenicul an Ê’ ss make thereof a decoction in a sufficient quantity of water adding thereto cinamon Ê’ iii. in one pinte of the decoction dissolve after it is strained of the syrupe of mugwort and of hissope an â„¥ ii diarrhod abbat Ê’ i. let it bee strained through a bagge with Ê’ ii of the kernells of dates and let her take â„¥ iiii in the morning Let pessaries bee made with galbanum ammoniacum and such like mollifying things beaten into a masse in a mortar with a hot pestell and made into the forme of a pessary and then let them be mixed with oile of Jasmine euphorbium an oxegall the juice of mugwort and other such
like wherein there is power to provoke the flowers as with scammony in powder let them be as bigge as ones thumbe sixe fingers long and rowled in lawne or some such like thinne linnen cloath of the same things nodula's may bee made Also pessaries may be prepared with hony boyled adding thereto convenient powders as of scammony pellitory and such like Neither ought these to stay long in the necke of the wombe lest they should exulcerate and they must be pulled backe by a threed that must bee put through them and then the orifice of the womb must be fomented with white wine of the decoction of pennyroyall or mother-wort But it is to be noted that if the suppression of the flowers happeneth through the default of the stopped orifice of the womb or by inflammation these maladies must first bee cured before wee come unto those things that of their proper strength and vertue provoke the flowers as for example if such things be made and given when the wombe is enflamed the blood being drawne into the grieved place and the humours sharpened and the body of the wombe heated the inflammation will be encreased So if there be any superfluous flesh if there be any Callus of a wound or ulcer or if there be any membrane shutting the orifice of the wombe and so stopping the fluxe of the flowers they must first bee consumed and taken away before any of those things bee administred But the oportunity of taking and applying of things must be taken from the time wherein the sicke woman was wont to be purged before the stopping or if she never had the flowers in the decrease of the moone for so we shall have custome nature and the externall efficient cause to helpe art When these medicines are used the women are not to bee put into bathes or hot houses as many doe except the malady proceed from the density of the vessels and the grossenesse and clamminesse of the blood For sweats hinder the menstruall fluxe by diverting and turning the matter another way CHAP. LIIII The signes of the approaching of the menstruall fluxe WHen the monethly fluxe first approacheth the dugges itch and become more swollen and hard than they were wont the woman is more desirous of copulation by reason of the ebullition of the provoked blood and the acrimony of the blood that remaineth her voice becommeth bigger her secret parts itch burne swell and waxe red If they stay long shee hath paine in her loynes and head nauseousnesse and vomiting troubleth the stomacke notwithstanding if those matters which flow together in the wombe either of their owne nature or by corruption be cold they loath the act of generation by reason that the wombe waxeth feeble through sluggishnesse and watery humours filling the same and it floweth by the secret parts very softly Those maides that are marriageable although they have the menstruall fluxe very well yet they are troubled with head ache nauseousnesse and often vomiting want of appetite longing an ill habite of body difficulty of breathing trembling of the heart swouning melancholy fearfull dreames watching with sadnesse and heavinesse because that the genitall parts burning itching they imagine the act of generation whereby it commeth to passe that the seminall matter either remaining in the testicles in great abundance or else powred into the hollownesse of the womb by the tickling of the genitalls is corrupted and acquireth a venemous quality and causeth such like accidents as happens in the suffocation of the wombe Maides that live in the country are not so troubled with those diseases because there is no such lying in wait for their maiden-heads and also they live sparingly and hardly and spend their time in continuall labour You may see many maides so full of juice that it runneth in great abundance as if they were not menstruall into their dugges and is there converted into milke which they have in as great quantity as nurses as we read it recorded by Hippocrates If a woman which is neither great with child nor hath born children hath milke she wants the menstruall fluxes whereby you may understand that that conclusion is not good which affirmeth that a woman which hath milke in her breasts either to be delivered of childe or to be great with childe for Cardanus writeth that hee knew one Antony Buzus at Genua who being thirty yeeres of age had so much milk in his breasts as was sufficient to nurse a child for the breeding and efficient cause of milke proceeds not onely from the engrafted faculty of the glandulous substance but much rather from the action of the mans seed for proofe whereof you may see many men that have very much milk in their breasts and many women that almost have no milke unlesse they receive mans seed Also women that are strong and lusty like unto men which the Latines call Viragines that is to say whose seed commeth unto a manly nature when the flowers are stopped concoct the blood and therefore when it wanteth passage forth by the likenesse of the substance it is drawne into the duggs and becommeth perfect milk those that have the flowers plentifully and continually for the space of foure or five daies are better purged and with more happy successe than those that have them for a longer time CHAP. LV. What accidents follow immoderate fluxes of the flowers or courses IF the menstruall flux floweth immoderately there also followes many accidents for the cocoction is frustrated the appetite overthrown then followes coldnesse throughout all the body exolution of all the faculties an ill habite of all the body leannesse the dropsie a hecticke feaver convulsion swouning and often sodaine death if any have them too exceeding immoderately the blood is sharpe and burning and also stinking the sicke woman is troubled with a continuall feaver and her tongue will bee dry ulcers arise in the gummes and all the whole mouth In women the flowers doe flow by the veines and arteries which rise out of the spermaticke vessels and are ended in the bottome and sides of the wombe but in virgins and in women great with childe whose children are sound and healthfull by the branches of the hypogastrick veine and artery which are spred and dispersed over the necke of the wombe The cause of this immoderate flux is in the quantity or quality of the blood in both the fault is unreasonable copulation especially with a man that hath a yard of a monstrous greatnesse and the dissolution of the retentive faculty of the vessels oftentimes also the flowers flow immoderately by reason of a painfull a difficult birth of the child or the after-birth being pulled by violence from the cotyledons of the wombe or by reason that the veines and arteries of the necke of the wombe are torne by the comming forth of the infant with great travell and many times by the use of sharpe medicines
and exulcerating pessaries Often times also nature avoides all the juice of the whole body critically by the wombe after a great disease which fluxe is not rashly or sodainely to be stopped That menstruall blood that floweth from the wombe is more grosse blacke and clotty but that which commeth from the necke of the wombe is more cleere liquid and red CHAP. LVI Of stopping the immoderate flowing of the flowers or courses YOu must make choice of such meats and drinkes as have power to incrassate the blood for as the flowers are provoked with meats that are hot and of subtle parts so they are stopped by such meates as are cooling thickening astringent and stipticke as are barly waters sodden rice the extreme parts of beasts as of oxen calves sheep either fryed or sodden with sorrell purslaine plantaine shepheards purse sumach the buds of brambles berberries and such like It is supposed that a harts horne burned washed and taken in astringent water will stoppe all immoderate fluxes likewise sanguis draconis terra sigillata bolus armenus lapis haematites corall beaten into most subtle powder and drunke in steeled water also pappe made with milk wherein steele hath often times been quenched and the floure of wheat barly beanes or rice is very effectuall for the same Quinces cervices medlars cornelian berries or cherries may likewise be eaten at the second course Juleps are to be used of steeled waters with the syrupe of dry roses pomegranates sorrell myrtles quinces or old conserves of red roses but wine is to bee avoided but if the strength be so extenuated that they require it you must choose grosse and astringent wine tempered with steeled water exercises are to be shunned especially venereous exercises anger is to bee avoided a cold aire is to be chosen which if it be not so naturally must bee made so by sprinkeling cold things on the ground especially if the summer or heat bee then in his full strength sound sleeping stayes all evacuations except sweating The opening of a veine in the arme cupping glasses fastened on the breasts bands and painfull frictions of the upper parts are greatly commended in this malady But if you perceive that the cause of this accident lieth in a cholerick ill juice mixed with the blood the body must bee purged with medicines that purge choler and water as Rubarbe Myrobalanes Tamarinds Sebestens and the purging syrupe of roses CHAP. LVII Of locall medicines to bee used against the immoderate flowing of the Courses ALso unguents are made to stay the immoderate fluxe of the tearmes and likewise injections and pessaries This or such like may bee the forme of an unguent ℞ ol mastich myrt an ʒii nucum cupres olibani myrtil an ʒii succi rosar rubr ℥ i. pulv mastichin ℥ ii boli armen terrae sigillat an ʒss cerae quantum sufficit fiat unguentum An injection may be thus made ℞ aq plantag rosar rubrar bursae pastor centinodii an lb ss corticis querni nucum cupressi gallar non maturar an ʒii berberis sumach balaust alumin. roch an ʒi make thereof a decoction and inject it with a syringe blunt pointed into the wombe lest if it should be sharpe it might hurt the sides of the necke of the wombe also snailes beaten with their shells and applied to the navell are very profitable Quinces roasted under the coals and incorporated with the powder of myrtills and bole armenick and put into the necke of the wombe are marvellous effectuall for this matter The forme of a pessary may be thus ℞ gallar immaturar combust in aceto extinctar ʒii ammo ʒss sang dracon pul rad symphyt sumach mastich succi acaciae cornu cer ust colophon myrrhae scoriae ferri an ʒi caphur ℈ ii mixe them and incorporate them all together with the juice of knot-grasse syngreen night-shade henbane water lillies plantaine of each as much as is sufficient and make thereof a pessary Cooling things as oxycrate unguentum rosatum and such like are with great profit used to the region of the loines thighes and genitall parts but if this immoderate flux doe come by erosion so that the matter thereof continually exulcerateth the necke of the wombe let the place be anointed with the milke of a shee Asse with barly water or binding and astringent mucelages as of psilium quinces gumme trugacanth arabicke and such like CHAP. LVIII Of womens fluxes or the Whites BEsides the forenamed fluxe which by the law of nature happeneth to women monethly there is also another called a womans fluxe because it is onely proper and peculiar to them this sometimes wearieth the woman with a long and continuall distillation from the wombe or through the wombe comming from the whole body without paine no otherwise than when the whole superfluous filth of the body is purged by the reines or urine sometimes it returneth at uncertaine seasons and sometimes with pain and exulcerating the places of the wombe it differeth from the menstruall fluxe because that this for the space of a few dayes as it shall seeme convenient to nature casteth forth laudable blood but this womans fluxe yeeldeth impure ill juice sometimes sanious sometimes serous and livide otherwhiles white and thicke like unto barly creame proceeding from flegmaticke blood this last kind thereof is most frequent Therefore wee see women that are flegmaticke and of a soft and loose habite of body to be often troubled with this disease and therefore they will say among themselves that they have the whites And as the matter is divers so it will staine their smockes with a different colour Truely if it bee perfectly red and sanguine it is to be thought that it commeth by erosion or the exolution of the substance of the vessels of the wombe or of the necke thereof therefore it commeth very seldome of blood and not at all except the woman be either great with childe or cease to bee menstruall for some other cause for then in stead of the monethly fluxe there floweth a certaine whayish excrement which staineth her cloaths with the colour of water wherein flesh is washed Also it very seldome proceeds of a melancholy humour and then for the most part it causeth a cancer in the wombe But often times the purulent and bloody matter of an ulcer lying hidden in the wombe deceiveth the unskilfull Chirurgian or Physitian but it is not so hard to know these diseases one from the other for the matter that floweth from an ulcer because as it is said it is purulent it is also lesser grosser stinking and more white But those that have ulcers in those places especially in the necke of the wombe cannot have copulation with a man without paine CHAP. LIX Of the causes of the Whites SOmetimes the cause of the whites consisteth in the proper weaknesse of the wombe or else in the uncleannesse thereof and sometimes by the
intestine which happeneth to women MAny women that have had great travell and straines in child-birth have the great intestine called of the Latines crassum intestinum or gut relaxed and slipped down which kind of affect happeneth much to children by reason of a phlegmaticke humour moistening the sphincter muscle of the fundament and the two others called levatores For the cure thereof first of all the gut called rectum intestinum or the straight gut is to be forented with a decoction of heating and resolving herbes as of sage rosemary lavander thyme and such like and then of astringent things as of roses myrtills the â—â—ds of pomegranats cypresse nuts galles with a little alome then it must be sprinkied with the pouder of things that are astringent without biting and last of all it is to be restored and gently thrust into its place That is supposed to bee an effectuall and singular remedy for this purpose which is made of twelve red snailes put into a put with â„¥ ss of alome and as much of salt and shaken up and down a long time for so at length when they are dead there will remaine an humour which must bee put upon cotton and applied to the gut that is fallen downe By the same cause that is in say of painefull childe-birth in some women there ariseth a great swelling in the navell for when the peritonaeum is relaxed or broken sometimes the Kall and sometimes the guts slippe out many times flatulencies come thither the cause as I now shewed is over great straining or stretching of the belly by a great burthen carried in the wombe and great travaile in childe-birth if the fallen downe guts make that tumour paine joyned together with that tumour doth vexe the patient and if it be pressed you may heare the noise of the guts going backe againe if it be the Kall then the tumour is soft and almost without pain neither can you heare any noise by compression if it be winde the tumour is loose and soft yet it is such as will yeeld to the pressing of the finger with some sound and will soone returne againe if the tumour be great it cannot be cured unlesse the peritonaeum bee cut as it is said in the cure of ruptures In the church-porches of Paris I have seene begger-women who by the falling downe of the guts have had such tumours as big as a bowle who notwithstanding could goe and doe all other things as if they had beene sound and in perfect health I think it was because the faeces or excrements by reason of the greatnesse of the tumor and the bignesse or widenesse of the intestines had a free passage in and out CHAP. LXVI Of the relaxation of the navell in children OFten times in children newly borne the navell swelleth as bigge as an egg because it hath not bin well cut or bound or because the whayish humours are flowed thither or because that part hath extended it selfe too much by crying by reason of the paines of the fretting of the childes guts many times the childe bringeth that tumour joined with an abscesse with him from his mother wombe but let not the Chirurgian assay to open that abscesse for if it be opened the guts come out through the incision as I have seene in many and especially in a child of my Lord Martigues for when Peter of the Rocke the Chirurgian opened an abscesse that was in it the bowels ranne out at the incision and the infant died and it wanted but little that the Gentlemen of my Lords retinue that were there had strangled the Chirurgian Therefore when John Gromontius the Carver desired me and requested mee of late that I would doe the like in his sonne I refused to doe it because it was in danger of its life by it already and in three daies after the abscesse broke and the bowells gushed out and the childe died CHAP. LXVII Of the paine that children have in breeding of teeth CHildren are greatly vexed with their teeth which cause great paine when they begin to break as it were out of their shell or sheath and begin to come forth the gummes being broken which for the most part happeneth about the seventh month of the childs age This pain commeth with itching and scratching of the gummes an inflammation fluxe of the belly whereof many times commeth a feaver falling of the hair a convulsion and at length death The cause of the paine is the solution of the continuity of the gummes by the comming forth of the teeth The signes of that pain is an unaccustomed burning or heat of the childes mouth which may bee perceived by the nurse that giveth it sucke a swelling of the gummes and cheekes and the childes being more wayward and crying than it was wont and it will put its fingers to its mouth and it will rubbe them on its gummes as though it were about to scratch and it slavereth much That the Physitian may remedy this hee must cure the nurse as if she had the feaver and shee must not suffer the childe to sucke so often but make him coole and moist when hee thirsteth by giving him at certaine times syrupus alexandrinus syrup de limonibus or the syrupe of pomegranats with boiled water yet the childe must not hold those things that are actually cold long in his mouth for such by binding the gums doe in some sort stay the teeth that are newly comming forth but things that lenifie and mollifie are rather to bee used that is to say such things as doe by little and little relaxe the loose flesh of the gummes and also asswage the paine Therefore the nurse shall often times rubbe the childs gummes with her fingers anointed or besmeared with oyle of sweet almonds fresh butter hony sugar mucilage of the seeds of psilium or of the seeds of marsh mallowes extracted in the water of pellitory of the wall Some thinke that the braine of a hare or of a sucking pig rosted or sodden through a secret property are effectuall for the same and on the outside shall be applied a cataplasme of barly meale milke oyle of roses and the yelkes of egges Also a sticke of liquorice shaven and bruised and anointed with hony or any of the forenamed syrupes and often rubbed in the mouth or on the gummes is likewise profitable so is also any toy for the childe to play withall wherein a wolves tooth is set for this by scratching doth asswage the painfull itching and rarifie the gummes and in some weareth them that the teeth appeare the sooner But many times it happeneth that all these and such like medicines profit nothing at all by reason of the contumacy of the gums by hardnesse or the weaknesse of the childes nature therefore in such a cause before the forenamed mortall accidents come I would perswade the Chirurgian to open the gummes in such places as the teeth bunch out
of fore moneths old Caelius Rhodiginus tells that in a â—wn of his country called Sarzano Italy being roubled with civill warres there was born monster of unusual bigness for he had two heads having all his limbs answerable in grâ—ness tallnesse to a child of foure months old between his two heads which were boâ—h alike at the setting on of the shoulder 〈◊〉 had a third hand put forth which did not â—â—ceed the eares in length for it was not all â—…n it was born the 5. of the Ides of March 〈◊〉 14. The figure of one with foure legges and as manyarmes Jovianus Pontanus tells in the yeere 1529. the ninth day of January there was a man childe borne in Germany having foure armes and as many legges The figure of a man out of whose belly another head shewed it selfe In the yeere that Francis the first King of France entered into league with the Swisses there was borne a monster in Germany out of the midst of whose belly there stood a great head it came to mans age and this lower and as it were inserted head was nourished as much as the true and upper head In the yeere 1572. the last day of February in the parish of Viaban in the way as you goe from Carnuta to Paris in a small village called Bordes one called Cypriana Girandae the wife of James Merchant a husbandman brought forth this monster whose shape you see here delineated which lived untill the Sunday following being but of one onely sexe which was the female The shape of two monstrous Twinnes being but of one onely Sexe In the yeere 1572. on Easter Munday at Metz in Loraine in the Inne whose signe is the Holy-Ghost a Sow pigged a pigge which had eight legges foure eares and the head of a dogge the hinder part from the belly downeward was parted in two as in twinnes but the foreparts grew into one it had two tongues in the mouth with foure teeth in the upper jaw and as many in the lower The sexe was not to be distinguished whether it were a Bore or Sow pigge for there was one slit under the taile and the hinder parts were all rent and open The shape of this monster as it is here set downe was sent me by Borgesius the famous Physitian of Metz. The shape of a monstrous Pigge CHAP. III. Of women bringing many children at one birth WOman is a creature bringing usually but one at a birth but the 〈…〉 been some who have brought forth two some three some fouâ—… sixe or more at one birth Empedocles thought that the abundâ—…e of seed was the cause of such numerous births the Stoikes affirmâ—…e divers cells or partitions of the wombe to be the cause for the seâ—… being variously parted into these partitions and the conception divided there are more children brought forth no otherwise than in rivers the water beating against the rockes is turned into divers circles or rounds But Aristotle saith there is no reason to think so for in women that parting of the womb into cells as in dogs and sowes taketh no place for womens wombes have but one cavity parted into two recesses the right left nothing comming between except by chance distinguished by a certain line for often twins lye in the same side of the womb Aristotles opinion is that a woman cannot bring forth more than five children at one birth The maide of Augustus Caesar brought forth five at a birth a short while after she her children died In the yeer 1554. at Bearn in Switzerland the wife of Dr. John Gelinger brought forth five children at one birth three boies and two girles Albucrasis affirmes a woman to have bin the mother of seven children at one birth another who by some externall injury did abort brought forth fifteene perfectly shaped in all their parts Pliny reports that it was extant in the writings of Physitians that twelve children were borne at one birth and that there was another in Peloponnesus which foure severall times was delivered of five children at one birth and that the greater part of those children lived It is reported by Dalechampius that Bonaventura the slave of one Savill a Gentleman of Sena at one time brought forth seven children of which four were baptized In our time between Sarte and Maine in the parish of Seaux not far from Chambellay there is a family and noble house called Maldemeure the wife of the Lord of Maldemeure the first yeere she was married brought forth twinnes the second yeere she had three children the third yeere foure the fourth yeere five the fift yeere sixe and of that birth she died of those sixe one is yet alive and is Lord of Maldemeure In the valley of Beaufort in the county of Anjou a young woman the daughter of Mace Channiere when at one perfect birth shee had brought forth one child the tenth day following she fell in labour of another but could not be delivered untill it was pulled from her by force and was the death of the mother Martin Cromerus the author of the Polish history writeth that one Margaret a woman sprung from a noble and antient family neere Cracovia and wife to Count Virboslaus brought forth at one birth thirty five live children upon the twentieth day of January in the yeere 1296. Franciscus Picus Mirandula writeth that one Dorothy an Italian had twenty children at two births at the first nine and at the second eleven and that she was so bigge that she was forced to beare up her belly which lay upon her knees with a broad and large scarfe tyed about her necke as you may see by the following figure The picture of Dorothy great with child with many children And they are to bee reprehended here againe who affirme the cause of numerous births to consist in the variety of the cells of the wombe for they feigne a womans wombe to have seven cells or partitions three on the right side for males three on the left side for females and one in the midst for Hermaphrodites or Scrats and this untruth hath gon so far that there have bnene some that affirmed every of these seven cells to have bin divided into ten partitions into which the seed dispersed doth bring forth a divers and numerous encrease according to the variety of the cells furnished with the matter of seed which though it may seeme to have been the opinion of Hippocrates in his book De natura Pueri notwithstanding it is repugnant to reason and to those things which are manifestly apparent to the eyes and senses The opinion of Aristotle is more probable who saith twinnes and more at one birth are begot and brought forth by the same cause that the sixt finger groweth on the hand that is by the abundant plenty of the seed which is greater and more copious than can bee all taken up in the naturall framing of one body for if it all be forced
into one it maketh one with the parts encreased more than is fit eithâ—… greatnesse or number but if it bee as it were cloven into divers parts it caâ—… more than one at one birth CHAP. IV. Of Hermaphrodites of Scrats ANd here also we must speake of Hermaphrodites because they draw the cause of their generation and conformation from the plenty and abundance of seed and are called so because they are of both sexes the woman yeelding as much seed as the man For hereupon it commeth to passe that the forming faculty which alwaies endeavours to produce something like it selfe doth labour both the matters almost with equall force and is the cause that one body is of both sexes Yet some make foure differences of Hermaphrodites the first of which is the male Hermaphrodite who is a perfect and absolute male and hath onely a slit in the Perinaeum not perforated and from which neither urine nor seed doth flow The second is the female which besides her naturall privity hath a fleshy and skinny similitude of a mans yard but unapt for erection and ejaculation of seed and wanteth the cod and stones the third difference is of those which albeit they beare the expresse figures of members belonging to both sexes commonly set the one against the other yet are found unapt for generation the one of them onely serving for making of water the fourth difference is of those who are able in both sexes and throughly performe the part both of man and woman because they have the genitalls of both sexes compleat and perfect and also the right breast like a man and the left like a woman the lawes command those to chuse the sexe which they will use and in which they will remaine and live judging them to death if they be found to have departed from the sexe they made choice of for some are thought to have abused both and promiscuously to have had their pleasure with men and women There are signes by which the Physitians may discerne whether the Hermaphrodires are able in the male or female sexe or whether they are impotent in both these signes are most apparent in the privities and face for if the matrix be exact in all its demensions and so perforated that it may admit a mans yard if the courses flow that way if the haire of the head bee long slender and soft and to conclude if to this tender habite of the body a timide and weake condition of the minde be added the female sexe is predominant and they are plainely to bee judged women But if they have the Perinaeum and fundament full of haires the which in women are commonly without any if they have a yard of a convenient largenesse if it stand well readily and yeeld seed the male sexe hath the preheminence and they are to be judged men But if the conformation of both the genitalls be alike in figure quantity and efficacy it is thought to be equally able in both sexes although by the opinion of Aristotle those who have double genitals the one of the male the other of the female the one of them is alwaies perfect the other imperfect The figure of Hermaphrodite twinnes cleaving together with their backes Anno Dom. 1486. In the Palatinatâ— at the village Robach neere Heidelberg there were twinnes both Hermaphrodites borne with their backs sticking together The effigies of an Hermaphrodite having foure hands and feet The same day the Venetians and Genoeses entred into league there was a monster borne in Italy having foure armes and feet and but one head it lived a little after it was baptized Iames Ruef a Helvetian Chirurgian saith hee saw the like but which besides had the privities of both sexes whose figure I have therefore here set forth CHAP. V. Of the changing of Sexe AMatus Lusitanus reports that in the village Esquina there was a maid named Maria Pateca who at the appointed age for her courses to flow had in stead of them a mans yard lying before that time hid and covered so that of a woman she became a man and therefore laying aside her womans habite was cloathed in mans and changing her name was called Emanuel who when hee had got much wealth by many and great negotiations and commerce in India returned into his country and married a wife but Lusitanus saith he did not certainely know whether he had any children but that he was certaine he remained alwaies beardlesse Anthony Loqueneux the Kings keeper or receiver of his rents of St. Quintin at Vermandois lately affirmed to me that he saw a man at Reimes at the Inne having the sign of the swan in the yeer 1560. who was taken for a woman untill the fourteenth yeere of his age for then it happened as he played somewhat wantonly with a maid which lay in the same bed with him his members hitherto lying hid started forth and unfolded them selves which when his parents knew by helpe of the Ecclesiasticke power they changed his name from Ioane to John and put him in mans apparell Some yeeres agone being in the traine of King Charles the ninth in the French Glasse-house I was shewed a man called Germane Garnierus but by some Germane Maria because in former times when he was a woman hee was called Mary he was of an indifferent stature and well set body with a thicke and red beard he was taken for a girle untill the fifteenth yeere of his age because there was no signe of being a man seene in his body and for that amongst women he in like attire did those things which pertaine to women in the fifteenth yeere of his age whilest he some-what earnestly pursued hogges given into his charge to bee kept who running into the corne he leaped violently over a ditch whereby it came to passe that the stayes and foldings being broken his hidden members sodainly broke forth but not without paine going home hee weeping complained to his mother that his guts came forth with which his mother amazed calling Physitians and Surgeons to counsell heard he was turned into a man therefore the whole businesse being brought to the Cardinall the Bishop of Lenuncure an assembly being called he received the name and habite of a man Pliny reports that the sonne of Cassinus of a girle became a boy living with his parents but by the command of the Soothsayers he was carried into a desart Isle because they thought such monsters did alwaies shew or portend some monstrous thing Certainely women have so many and like parts lying in their wombe as men have hanging forth onely a strong and lively heat seemes to bee wanting which may drive forth that which lyes hid within therefore in processe of time the heat being encreased and flourishing and the humidity which is predominant in childhood overcome it is not impossible that the virile members which hitherto sluggish by defect of heat lay hid may be put forth especially if to that strength of
of two fingers but hooked and sharpe on the sides When as the Chirurgian had carefully and diligently sought for it and could by no meanes finde it he healed up the wound but two months after this crooked head came forth at his fundament The same author telleth that at Venice a virgin swallowed a needle which some two yeeres after she voided by urine covered over with a stony matter gathered about viscous humours Catherine Perlan the wife of William Guerrier a Draper of Paris dwelling in the Jewry as she rode on horse-backe into the country a needle out of her pin cushion which got under her by accident ran so deepe into her right buttocke that it could not by any art or force bee plucked forth Foure moneths after shee sent for mee to come to her and she told mee that as often as she had to doe with her husband shee suffered extreme pricking paine i◠her right groine putting my hand thereto as I felt it my fingers met with something sharpe and hard wherefore I used the matter so that I drew forth the needle all rusty this may be counted a miracle that steele naturally heavie should rise upwards from the buttocke to the groine and pierce the muscles of the thigh without causing an abscesse Anno Dom. 1566. the two sonnes of Laurence Collo men excellent in cutting for the stone tooke forth a stone of the bignesse of a wall-nut in the midst whereof was a needle just like those that shooe-makers use the patients name was Peter Cocquin dwelling in the street Galand at the place called Maubert at Paris and I thinke hee is yet living This stone was shewed to King Charles the ninth for the monstrousnesse of the thing I being then present which being given me by the Chirurgian I preserve amongst my other rarities Anno Dom. 1570. the Dutchesse of Ferrara at Paris sent for John Collo to take a stone out of a Confectioner This stone though it waighed nine ounces and was as thicke as ones fist yet was it happily taken out the patient recovering Francis Rousset and Joseph Javelle the Dutchesse Physitians being present Yet not long after this Confectioner died by the stoppage of his water by reason of two other little stones which about to descend from the kidneies to the bladder stayed in the mid-way of the Ureters The figure of the extracted stone was this The figure of a stone taken forth of the Bladder of a Confectioner Anno Dom. 1566. Laurence Collo the younger tooke three stones out of the bladder of one dwelling at Marly called commonly Tire-vit because being troubled with the stone from the tenth yeere of his age hee continually scratched his yard each of the stones were as bigge as an Hens egge of colour white they all together waighed twelve ounces When they were presented to King Charles then lying at Saint Maure des Faussez hee made one of them to bee broken with a hammer and in the middest thereof there was found another of a chesnut colour but otherwise much like a Peach stone These three stones bestowed on mee by the brethren I have here represented to the life The effigies of the three forementioned stones whereof one is broken I have in the dissecting of dead bodies observed divers stones of various formes and figures as of pigges whelpes and the like Dalechampius telleth that hee saw a man which by an abscesse of his loins which turned to a Fistula voided many stones out of his kidneies and yet notwithstanding could endure to ride on horse-backe or in a coach John Magnus the Kings most learned and skilfull Physitian having in cure a woman troubled with cruell torment and paines of the belly and fundament sent for me that by putting a Speculum into the fundament he might see if he could perceive any discernable cause of so great and pertinacious paine and when as hee could see nothing which might further him in the finding out of the cause of her paine following reason as a guide by giving her often glysters and purgations hee brought it so to passe that shee at length voided a stone at her fundament of the bignesse of a Tennis ball which once avoided all her paines ceased Hippocrates tells that the servant of Dyseris in Larissa when shee was young in using venery was much pained and yet sometimes without paine yet shee never conceived But when as she was sixty yeeres old she was pained in the after-noone as if she had beene in labour When as she one day before noone had eaten many leekes afterward shee was taken with a most violent paine farre exceeding all her former and she felt a certaine rough thing rising up in the orifice of her wombe But she falling into a swoune another woman putting in her hand got out a sharpe stone of the bignesse of a whirle and then she forthwith became well and remained so In a certaine woman who as Hollerius tells for the space of foure moneths was troubled with an incredible paine in making water two stones were found in her heart with many abscesses her kidneyes and bladder being whole Anno Dom. 1558. I opened in John Bourlier a Taylour dwelling in the street of St. Honoré a watry abscesse in his knee wherein I found a stone white hard and smooth of the thicknesse of an Almond which being taken out hee recovered Certainely there is no part of the body wherein stones may not breed and grow Anthony Benevenius a Florentine Physitian writes that a certaine woman swallowed a brasse needle without any paine and continued a yeere after without feeling or complaining of it but at the end thereof she was molested with great paines in her belly for helping of which she asked the advise of all the Physitians she could making in the interim no mention of the swallowed needle Wherefore shee had no benefit by all the medicines she tooke and shee continued in paine for the space of two yeeres untill at length the needle came forth at a little hole by her navell and then she recovered her health A Schollar named Chambelant a native of Bourges a studient in Paris in the Colledge of Presse swallowed a stalke of grasse which came afterwards whole out betweene two of his ribbes with the great danger of the schollars life For it could not come there unlesse by passing or breaking through the lungs the encompassing membrane and the intercostall muscles yet hee recovered Fernelius and Huguet having him in cure Cabrolle Chirurgian to Mounsieur the Marshall of Anville told mee that Francis Guillenet the Chirurgian of Sommiers a small village some eight miles from Mompelier had in cure and healed a certaine sheepheard who was forced by theeves to swallow a knife of the length of halfe a foot with a horne handle of the thickenesse of ones thumbe he kept it the space of halfe a yeere yet with great paine and hee fell much away
or dead Truely the wounds that are made on a living man if he dye of them after his death will appeare red and bloody with the sides or edges swollne or pale round about contrary wise those that are made in a dead man will bee neither red bloody swollne nor puffed up For all the faculties and functions of life in the body doe cease and fall together by death so that thenceforth no spirits nor blood can be sent or flow unto the wounded place Therefore by these signes which shall appeare it may be declared that hee was wounded dead or alive The like question may come in judgement when a man is found hanged whether he were dead or alive Therefore if he were hanged alive the impression or print of the rope will appeare red pale or blacke and the skinne round about it will be contracted or wrinkled by reason of the compression which the cord hath made also often times the head of the aspera arteria is rent and torne and the second spondile and the necke luxated or mooved out of his place Also the armes and legges will be pale by reason of the violent and sodaine suffocation of the spirits moreover there will be a foame about his mouth and a foamie and filthy matter hanging out at his nosethrills being sent thither both by reason that the Lungs are sodainely heated and suffocated as also by the convulsive concussion of the braine like as it were in the falling sicknesse Contrariwise if he be hanged dead none of these signes appeare for neither the print of the rope appeares red or pale but of the same colour as the other parts of the body are because in dead men the blood and spirits doe not flow to the greeved parts Whosoever is found dead in the waters you shall know whether they were throwne into the water alive or dead For all the belly of him that was throwne in alive will be swollen and puffed up by reason of the water that is contained therein certaine clammie excrements come out at his mouth and nosethrills the ends of his fingers will be worne and excoriated because that hee dyed striving and digging or scraping in the sand or bottome of the river seeking somewhat whereon hee might take hold to save himselfe from drowning Contrariwise if he be throwne into the waters being dead before his belly will not be swollne because that in a dead man all the passages and conduites of the body doe fall together and are stopped and closed and for that a dead man breathes not there appeareth no foame nor filthy matter about his mouth and nose and much lesse can the toppes of his fingers be worne and excoriated for when a man is already dead he cannot strive against death But as concerning the bodies of those that are drowned those that swimme on the upper part of the water being swollne or puffed up they are not so by reason of the water that is contained in the belly but by reason of a certaine vapour into which a great portion of the humors of the body are converted by the efficacy of the putryfying heate Therefore this swelling appeareth not in all men which doe perish or else are cast out dead into the waters but onely in them which are corrupted with the filthinesse or muddinesse of the water long time after they were drowned and are cast on the shore But now I will declare the accidents that come to those that are suffocated and stifled or smoothered with the vapour of kindled or burning charcoales and how you may foretell the causes thereof by the history following In the yeere of our Lord God 1575. the tenth day of May I with Robert Greauline Doctor of Physicke was sent for by Master Hamell an advocate of the Court of Parlament of Paris to see and shew my opinion on two of his servants of whom the one was his Clarke and the other his Horse-keeper All his family supposed them dead because they could not perceive or feele their Arteries to beate all the extreame parts of their bodyes were cold they could neither speake nor move their faces were pale and wanne neither could they bee raised up with any violent beating or plucking by the haire Therefore all men accounted them dead and the question was onely of what kind of death they dyed for their master suspected that some body had strangled them others thought that each of them had stopped one anothers winde with their hands and others judged that they were taken with a sodaine apoplexie But I presently enquired whether there had beene any fire made with Coales in the house lately whereunto their master giving care sought about all the corners of the chamber for the chamber was very little and close and at last found an earthen panne with charcoale halfe burned which when we once saw we all affirmed with one voyce that it was the cause of all this misfortune and that it was the maligne fume and venemous vapour which had smothered them as it were by stopping the passages of their breath Therefore I put my hand to the regions of their hearts where I might perceive that there was some life remaining by the heat and pulsation that I felt though it were very little wherefore we thought it convenient to augment and encrease it Therefore first of all artificially opened their mouthes which were very fast closed and sticking obstinately together and thereinto both with a spoone and also with a silver pipe we put aqua vitae often distilled with dissolved hiera and treacle when we had injected these medicines often into their mouthes they began to moove and to stretch themselves and to cast up and expell many viscous excrementall and filthy humors at their mouth and nostrells and their Lungs seemed to be hot as it were in their throates Therefore then we gave them vomitories of a great quantity of Oxymel and beate them often violently on the last spondill of the backe and first of the loynes both with the hand and knee for unto this place the orifice of the stomacke is turned that by the power of the vomitory medicine and concussion of the stomacke they might be constrained to vomit Neither did our purpose faile us for presently they voided clammie yellow and spumous fleame and blood But wee not being content with all this blowed up into their nostrells out of a Goose quill the powder of Euphorbium that the expulsive faculty of the braine might be stirred up to the expulsion of that which oppressed it therefore presently the braine being shaken or mooved with sneesing and instimulated thereunto by rubbing the chymicall oyle of mints on the pallate and on the cheekes they expelled much viscous and clammie matter at their nostrells Then we used frictions of their armes legges and backe-bones and ministered sharpe glisters by whose efficacie the belly being abundantly loosened they beganne presently to speake and to take things that were
ulcered and all the bones cariez'd and rotten prayed me for the honor of God to cut off his Legge by reason of the great paine which he could no longer endure After his body was prepared I caused his legge to be cut off fowre fingers below the rotula of the knee by Daniel Powlet one of my servants to teach him and to imbolden him in such workes and there he readily tyed the vessells to stay the bleeding without application of hot irons in the presence of Iames Guillemeaâ— ordinary Chirurgion to the King and Iohn Charbonell master Barber Chirurgion of Paris and during the cure was visited by Master Laffile and Master Courtin Doctors Regents in the facultie of Medicine at Paris The said operation was made in the house of Iohn Gohell Inkeeper dwelling at the signe of the white horse in the Greve I will not here forget to say that the Lady Princesse of Montpeâ—sier knowing that he was poore and in my hands gave him money to pay for his chamber and diet He was well cured God be praysed and is returned home to his house with a wooden Leg. Another History A Gangreene happened to halfe of the Legge to one named Nicholas Mesnager aged threescore and sixteene yeares dwelling in S. Honores street at the signe of the Basket which happened to him through an inward cause so that wee were constrained to cut off his Legge to save his life and it was taken off by Anthony Renaud master Barber Chirurgion of Paris the 16. day of December 1583. in the presence of Master Le Fort and Master La Noüe sworne Chirurgions of Paris and the blood was stanched by the Ligature of the vessells and hee is at this present cured and in health walking with a woodden Leg. Another History A Waterman at the Port of Nesle dwelling neare Monsieur de Mas Postmaster named Iohn Boussereau in whose hands a Musket brake asunder which broke the bones of his head and rent and tore the other parts in such sort that it was needfull and necessary to make amputation of the hand two fingers above the wrist which was done by Iames Guillemeau then Chirurgion in ordinary to the king who dwelt at that time with me The operation likewise being redily done and the blood stancht by the Ligature of the vessells without burning irons hee is at this present living Another History A Merchant Grocer dwelling in St Denis street at the signe of the great Tournois named the Iudge who fell upon his head where was made a wound neare the temporall muscle where he had an artery opened from whence issued forth blood with great impetâ—osity in so much that common remedies would not serve the turne I was called thither where I found Master Rasse Master Cointeret Master Viard sworne Chirurgions of Paris to stay the blood where presently I tooke a needle and thread and tyed the arterie and it bled no more after that and was quickly cured Master Rousselet can witnesse it not long since Deacon of your Facultie who was in the cure with us Another History A Sergeant of the Chastler dwelling neare S. Andrew des Arts who had a stroake of a sword upon the throate in the Clackes medow which cut asunder the jugular veine externe as soone as he was hurt he put his handkercher upon the wound and came to looke mee at my house and when hee tooke away his handkercher the blood leaped out with great impetuosity I suddainly tyed the veine toward the roote he by this meanes was stanched and cured thankes be to God And if one had followed your manner of stanching blood by cauteries I leave it to be supposed whether he had beene cured I thinke hee had beene dead in the hands of the operator If I would recite all those whose vessells were tyed to stay the blood which have beene cured I should not have ended this long time so that me thinkes there are Histories enough recited to make you beleeve the blood of veines and arteries is surely stanched without applying any actuall cauteries DV BARTVS He that doth strive against experience Daignes not to talke of any learned science NOw my little Master seeing that you reproach me that I have not written all the operations of Chirurgery in my workes which the Ancients writ of I should be very sorry for it for then indeede might you justly call me Carnifex I have left them because they are too cruell and am willing to follow the modernes who have moderated such cruelty which notwithstanding you have followed step by step as appeareth by the operations here written extracted from your booke which you have drawne here and there from certaine ancient Authors such as follow and such as you have never practised nor seene The first operation TO inveterate fluxions of the eyes Migrimes Paulus Aegineta as also Albucasis command to make Arteriotomie see here the words of the same Aeginete You marke the Arteries which are behind the eares then divide them in cutting to the very bone and make a great incision the breadth of two fingers which is the will also of Aetius that the incision be made tranverse cutting or incising the length of two fingers even till that the Artery be found as you command to bee done in your booke but I holding the opinion of Galen who commands to dresse the diseased quickly safely and with the least paine that is possible I teach the young Chirurgion the meanes to remedy such evills in opening the Arteries behind the eares and those of the Temples with one onely incision as a letting blood and not to make a great incision and cut out worke for a long time The second operation TO fluxions which are made a long time upon the eyes Paul Aeginete and Albucasis command to make incision which they call Periscythismos or Augiologie of the Greekes and see heere the words of Paul In this operation first the head is shaved then taking heede of touching the temporall muscles a transverse incision must bee made beginning at the left Temple and finishing at the right which you have put in your booke word for word without changing any thing which sheweth openly you are a right wound-maker as may be sâ—ene in the Chapter which you call the Crowne cut which is made halfe round under the Coronall suture from one temple to the another even to the bone Now I doe not teach such a cruell kind of remedy but instruct the operator by reason authority and notable proofe of a sure and certaine way to remedy such affections without butchering men in this kind The third IN the cure of the Empyema Paul Aeginete Albucasis and Celsus commanded to apply some 13. others 15. Cauterles to give issue to the matter contained in the breast as the said Celsus in the aforesaid place appointeth for Asthmatick people which is a thing out of all reason with respect to their honour be it
had made and the rebounds that it made on the ground kild foure souldiers which remained dead in the place I was not farre from this stroake so that I felt some-what the mooved aire without doing mee any harme than a little feare which made mee stoope my head very low but the Bullet was already passed farre beyond mee The Souldiers mock't me to be affraid of a Bullet already gone My little Master I thinke if you had beene there that I had not beene affraid alone and that you would have had your share of it What shall I say more Monsieur the Duke of Guise Francis of Lorraine was hurt before Bullogne with a stroake of a Lance which above the right eye declining towards the nose entred and pass'd quite through on the other side betweene the nucha and the eare with so great a violence that the head of the Lance with a great part of the wood was broken and remained within in such sort that it could not bee drawne out but with great force yea with Smithes pincers Notwithstanding all this violence which was not done without breaking of bones nerves and arteries and other parts my said Lord by the helpe of God was cured the said Lord went alwayes with open face which was the cause that the Lance went through on the other side The voyage of Germany 1552. I Went the voyage to Germany in the yeare 1552. with Monsieur De Rohan Captaine of 50. horse where I was Chirurgion of his company which I have said already In this voyage Monsieur the high Constable of France was Generall of the Army Monsieur de Chastillon since Admirall was chiefe Colonell of the foote having foure Regiments of Lansquenets under the conduct of these Captaines Recrod and Riâ—grave having each of them two Regiments each Regiment was of tenne Ensignes and each Ensigne of five hundred men And besides these was Captaine Chartel who conducted the troopes that the Protestant Princes had sent to the King This was a very faire company on foote accompanied with fifteene hundred Horse with the following of each one two Archers which might make foure thousand five hundred Horse besides two thousand Light horse and as many Muskettieres on horsebacke of whom Monsieur de Aumalle was Generall besides the great number of Nobility who came for their pleasure Moreover the King was accompanied with two hundred Gentlemen of his house likewise with divers Princes there was also for his troope that served him the French Scottish and Swissers Guards amounting to sixe hundred men on foote and the companies of Monsieur the Dolphin Messieres de Guise de Aumalle and of the Marshall S. Andrew which amounted to foure hundred Lances which was a mervelous thing to see such a faire Company and in this equipage the King entred into Thou and Mets. I will not omit to tell that it was ordained that the Companions of Messieres de Rohan of the Count of Sancerr of Iarnac which was each of them of fifty horse went by the Wings of the Campe and God knowes we had scarcitie of victualls and I protest to God that at three divers times I had thought I should have beene famisht and it was not for want of money for I had enough and we could not have victualls but by force by reason that the Pesants withdrew it all into the Citties and Castles One of the servants of a Captaine of the company of Monsieur de Rohan went with others thinking to enter into a Church where the Pesants were retired thinking to finde victualls by force or love but amongst the rest this man was well beaten and returned with seaven wounds with a sword in the head the least of which penetrated the second table of the scull and he had foure other upon the armes and upon the right shoulder which cut more than one halfe of the blade-bone or Omoplate He was brought backe to his masters lodging who seeing of him so wounded and that they were to depart thence the morrow after at the breake of day and not thinking ever he could be cured made him a grave and would have cast him therein saying that or else the Pesants would massacre and kill him I mov'd with pitty told him that he might yet be cured if he were well drest divers Gentlemen of the company prayd him that he would cause him to bee brought along with the Baggage seeing I had the willingnesse to dresse him to which he agreed and after that I had cloth'd him he was but put into a Cart upon a bed well covered and well accommodated which one horse did draw I did the office of a Physition Apothecary Chirurgion and Cooke I drest him even to the end of his cure and God cured him in so much that all these three Companies admired at this cure The horsemen of the company of Monsieur de Rohan the first muster that was made gave me each one one Crowne and the Archers halfe a Crowne The voyage of Danvilliers 1552. AT the returne from the German Campe King Henry beseiged Danvilliers those within would not render They were well beaten and our pouder failed us in the meane time they shot much at our people There was a Culverin shot pass'd a traverse the Tent of Monsieur de Rohan which hit a Gentlemans Leg which was of his traine which I was faine to finish the cutting off the which was done without applying hot irons The King sent for pouder to Sedan which being come they began a greater battery than before in such sort that they made a breach Messiers de Guise and the high Constable being in the Kings Chamber told him they concluded the next day to make assault that they were assured they should enter into it that they should keep it secret lest the enemy were advertized And all of them promised not to speake of it to any one Now there was a Groome of the Kings chamber who lay under the Kings bed in the Camp to sleep understood that they resolved the next day to give an assault he presently revealed it to a certaine Captaine and told him that for certaine the day following assault should be given that he had heard it of the King praid the said Captaine that he would not speake a word of it to any body which he promised but his promise was not kept for at the same instant he went and declared it to a Captaine this Captaine to another Captaine and from the Captaines to some of the Souldiers saying alwayes say nothing It was so well hid that the next day early in the morning there was seene the greatest part of the Souldiers with their round hose and their breeches cut at knee for the better mounting at the breach The King was advertiz'd of the rumor which runne through the Campe that the assault must be given whereof hee much mervailed seeing there was but three of that advise which had
forme and use 1703. Suppression of urine see Urine Surgery what 3. the operations thereof 4. Surgeons what necessary for them 3. their office 4. the choice of such as shall have care of those sick of the plague 830. they must be carefull in making reports 1121 how long in some cases they must suspend their judgements I. 122. they must have a care lest they bring Magistrates into an error 1128. how to report or make certificates in divers cases 1129 Sutures of the skull their number c. 161 wanting in some ib. why not to be trepaned 162. 167. Sutures in wounds their sorts and maner how to be performed 326. 327. Sweating sicknesse 821 Sweet bread 108. Sweet waters 1083 Swine assist their fellowes 67 Symptomes their denfition and division 42 Sympathy and Antipathy of living creatures 73 Symphysis a kinde of articulation 243 Synarcosis Synarthrosis Synchondrosis Syneurosis 243 Synochus putrida its cause and cure 261 T. TAlparia what 272 Tarentula's poysonous bite cure 49 Tarsus what 181 Tastes what their differences 1034. their several denominations natures 1035. Tasting what 22. Teeth their number division use 179 wherein they differ from other bones ib. pain of them how helped 401. their affects 657. how to draw them 659. to cleanse theÌ„ 660. how to supply their defect 872. to help the pain in breeding them 959 Temporall muscle 188. what ensues the cutting thereof 369 Temperament what the division therof 7 ad pondus ib. ad justitiam 8. of a bone ligament gristle tendon veine artery 9. of ages ib. of humours 11. Temper of the foure seasons of the yeare 10 native temper how changed 18 Temperatures in particular as of the southerne northern c. people 19. 20 Tensores musculi 230. Tentigo 130 Tertian agues or feavers their causes c. 265. their cure 266 Testicles their substance 119. in women 126. their wounds 399 Testudo what 272 Tettars their kinds and causes 264. their cure 265. 1081. occasioned by the Lues venerea 754. their cure ib. Thanacth a strange beast 1021 Thenar musculus 222. 238. Thigh the nerves thereof 226. its proper parts 227. and wounds thereof 399. Thigh-bone the appendices and processes thereof 228. 229. the fracture and cure 577. nigh to the joint 580. its dislocation 623. 720. see Hip. Things naturall 5. not naturall 29. why so called ib. against nature 41 Thorax the chest and parts thereof 135 Thoracica arteria 153 Throat how to get out bones and such like things that sticke therein 655 Throttle and the parts thereof 194 Throwes and their cause 903 Thymus what 156. Tibia 231 Tibiaeus anticus musculus 237. posticus 238. Tinea what 638 Toad his bite and cure 796 Tongue its quantity c. 192. its wounds its cure 385. its impediment contraction and the cure 661. to supply its defects 873. Tonsillae 293. their inflammations and their cure 293. 294 Tooth-ache the causes signes c. 656. Tophi or knots at the joints in some that have the gout how caused 717. in the Lues venerea how helped 746 Torpedo his craft stupefying force 794 Touching how performed 22 Toucha a strange bird 1016 Trapezius musculus 208 Transverfarius musculus 205 Transverse muscles of the Epigastrium 99 Treacle how usefull in the gout 706. how it dulls the force of simple poysons 783 Trepan when to be applied 342. their description 365. where to be applyed 369 Trepaning why used 364. how performed ib. a caution in performance thereof 366 Triangulus musculus 207 Triton 1001. Trochanter 229 Trusses their forme and use 306. 307. Tumors their differences 249. their generall causes signes 250. generall cure 252. which hardest to be cured ib. the four principall 253. flatulent watrish their signs and cure 269. 270. of the gums 292. of the almonds of the throat 293. of the navell 303. of the groine and cods 304. of the knees 314 Turtles 62 Tympanites sâ—â— Dropsie V. VAlves of the heart their action site c. 146. Varicous bodies 120 Varices what their causes signes and cure 483. Vâ—… breve seu venosum 113 Vsa ejaculatoria 121. Vasti musculi 232 Veine what 97. Gate veine its distribution 112. descendent hollow veine its distribution ascendent hollow veine its distribution 116 they are more than arteries 155. those of the eies 184. which to bee opened in the inflammation of the eies 186. the cephalick 210. median ib. distribution of the subclavian vein ib. of the axilary 211. of the crurall 224 Venae porta 112. cava 216. arteriosa 147. phreâ—icae coronales azygos intercostalis mammariae cervicalis musculosa 148. axillaris humeralis jugularis interna externa 149. recta pupis 152. cephalica humeraria mediana 210. salvatella plenica 211. sapheia vel saphena ischiadica 224. muscula poplitea suralis ischiadica major 225 Venery its discommodities in wounds of the head 359 Venemous bites and stings how to be cured 783 Venome of a mad dog outwardly applied causeth madnesse 787 Ventoses their form and use 694. 695 Ventricle see stomacke Ventricles of the brain 166 Verdegreace its poysonous quality and cure 810 Vertebrae their processes 196. of the neck ib. of the holy-hone 198. how different from those of the loins 205. Tenth of the back how the middle of the spine 206 their dislocation See Spine Vertigo its causes signes 639. the cure 640 Vessels for distillation 1094. 1096. 1097 c. Vesicatories why better than cauteries in cure of a pestilent bubo 854. whereof made 1046. their description and use 1067. Viper see Adder Virginity the signes thereof 1128 Vitall parts which 84. their division ibid. Vitreus humor 184 Viver or as some terme it the Weaver a fish his poysonous pricke the cure 801 â—cers conjoined with tumors how cured 265. inâ—… at bodies not easily cured 417. their nature â—…uses c. 466. 467. signes prognosticks 468 their generall cure 470. signes of a distempered one the cure 471. a painefull one the cure 472. with proud flesh in them ib. putrid and breeding wormes 473. a sordid one ibib a maligne virulent and eating one 474. advertisements concerning the time of dressing ulcers 475. how to bind them up 476. such as run are good in time of the plague 828. Ulcers in particular first of the eyes 476. of the nose 477. of the mouth 478. of the eares 479. of the winde-pipe weazon stomack guts 480. of the kidneis bladder 481. of the wombe 482. that happen upon the fracture of the leg rump and heele 586 how to prevent them 587. they must be seldome drest when the callus is breeding 589 Umbilicall vessels how many what 892 Unction to bee used in the Lues venerea 731. their use 732. cautions in their use ib. and the inconveniences following the immoderat use 734 Ungula or the web on the eye the causes prognostickes and cure 647 Unguentum adstringens 1056 nutritum ib. aureum ib.
basilicum sive tetrapharmacum ib. diapompholigos 1057. desiccativum rub ib. enulatum ib. Album Rhasis ib. Altheae ib. populeon ib. apostolorum ib. comitissae ib. pro stomacho 1058. ad morsus rabiosos 〈…〉 ibid. Unicorn if any such beast what the name imports 813. what the ordinary horns are 814. not effectual against poyson ib. effectuall onely to dry ib. in what cases good 815 Voices whence so various 194 Vomits their force 38. their descriptions 277 Vomiting why it happens in the Collick 106. the fittest time therfore 705. to make it easie ib. Voyages and other employments wherein the Author was present of Thurin 1142. of Marolle low Britany 1144. of Perpignan 1145. of Landresie Bologne 1146. of Germany 1147. of Danvilliers 1148. of Castle of Compt 1149. of Mets 1150. of Hedin 1155. Battell of S. Quintin 1164. Voyage of Amiens of Harbour of Grace 1165. to Roven ib. battell of Dreux 1166 of Moncontour 1167. voyage of Flanders 1168. of Burges 1172. battell of S. Denis 1172. voyage of Bayon 1173 Uraclius 134. Ureters their substance c. 123 Urine sâ—opt by dislocation of the thigh-bone 626 suppression thereof how deadly 666. how it happens by internall causes 683. by externall 684 prognosticks ib. things unprofitable in the whole body purged thereby 683. bloody the differences and causes thereof 685. the cure 687. scalding therof how helped 740. a receptacle for such as cannot keepe it 877. Urines of such as have the plague somtimes like those that are in health 832 Utelif a strange fish 69. Uvea tunica 183 Vulnerary potions their use 752. the names of the simples whereof they are composed 753. their form and when chiefly to bee used ib. Uvula the site use therof 193. the inflaÌ„mation and relaxation thereof 294. the cure 295. W. WAlnut tree and the malignity therof 808 Warts of the neck of the womb 955. their cure 956. Washes to be beautifie the skin 1079 Wasps their stinging how helped 789 Watching and the discommodities thereof 37 Water its qualities 6. best in time of plague 824 Waters how to bâ—â—distilled 1099. Watrish tumors their signes and cure 269. 270 Weapons of the Antients compared with those of the moderne times 407 Weazon the substance c. therof 156. how to be opened in extreme diseases 294. the wounds therof 387. the ulcers thereof 480 Weaknesse two causes thereof 250 Web on the eye which curable which not 647 the cure ibid. Wedge bone 172 Weights and measures with their notes 1049 Wens their causes and cure 272. 273. how to distinguish them in the breast from a Cancer 273 Whale why reckoned among monsters 1012. they bring forth young suckle them ib. how caught ibid. Whale-bone 1013 Whirle-bone the fracture thereof and cure 582 the dislocation thereof 630 White lime 100 Whites the reason of the name differences c. 952. causes 953. their cure 954 Whitlowes 314 Wine which not good in the Gout 708 Winds their tempers and qualities 20. 30 Winter and the temper thereof 10. how it encreaseth the native heat 11 Wisedome the daughter of memorie and experience 898 Witches hurtby the Devils assistance 989 Wolves their deceits and ambushes 66 Wombe the substance magnitude c. thereof 128. 129. the coats thereof 132. signes of the wounds thereof 347. ulcers therof their cure 482. when it hath received the seed it is shut up 891. the falling downe thereof how caused 906 it is not distinguished into cells 924. a scirrhus thereof 930. signes of the distemper thereof 933 which meet for conception ib. of the falling down pervertion or turning thereof 934. the cure therof 935. it must be cut away when it is putrefyed 936. the strangulation or suffocation therof 939. see Strangulation Women their nature 27. how to know whether they have conceived 890. their travell in child-birth and the cause thereof 899. what must bee done to them presently after their deliverance 917. bearing many children at a birth 970. 971 Wonderfull net 172 Wondrous originall of some creatures 1000. nature of some marine things ibid. Wormes in the teeth their causes and how killed 658. bred in the head 762. cast forth by urine 765. how generated and their differences ibid. of monstrous length 766. signes ib. the cure 7â—7 Wounds may be cured only with liâ—â— water 52 Wounds termed great in three respects 323 112. Wounds poysoned how cured â—80 Wounds of the head at Paris and of the leg at Avignon why hard to bee cured 4â—7 Wounds what the divers appellation and divison of them 321. their causes signes 322. prognostickes 323. small ones sometimes mortall 324 their cure in generall ibid. to stay their bleeding 328. to helpe paine 329. why some die of small ones and others recover of great 351. whether better to cure in children or in old people 352 Wounds of the head see Fractures Of the musculous skinne thereof 360. their cure 361. of the face 378. of the eye-browes ib. of the eyes 379 of the cheeke 382. of the nose 384. of the tongue 385. of the eares 386. of the necke and throat ibid. of the weazon and Gullet 387. of the chest 388. of the heart lungs and midriffe ibid. of the spine 389. what wounds of the lungs cureable 392. of the Epigastrium or lower belly 396. their cure 397. of the Kall and fat 398. of the groines yard and testicles 399. of the thighes and legges ibid. of the nerves and nervous parts ibid. of the joints 403. of the ligaments 404 Wounds contused must be brought to suppuration 417 Wounds made by gun-shot are not burnt neither must they be cauterized 408. they may be dressed with suppuratives 410. why hard to cure ibid. why they looke blacke 413. they have no Eschar ibid. why so deadly 415. in what bodies not easily cured 417. their division 418. signes ibid. how to be drest at the first 419. 423. how the second time 424. they all are contused 432 Wounds made by arrowes how different from those made by gunshot 438 Wrest and the bones thereof 218. the dislocation thereof and the cure 622 Y YArd and the parts thereof 125. the wound thereof 399. to helpe the cord thereof 663 the maligne ulcers thereof 737. to supply the defect thereof for making water 877 Yew tree his malignity 807 Z ZIrbus the Kall the substance c. thereof 101 FINIS * In his Epistle prefixed before the Latine edition of this author * Vide Aul. Gel. l. 20. c. 4. * Gal. de simp l. 6. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Genes 1. Ecclesiast 38. 1. plin l. 7 c. 2. In what esteeme Phisitions have formerly beene Names given to Plants Phisicke is devided into 3 parts The excellency of Chirurgery The definition of Chirurgerie What necessary for a Chirurgion The nature of a Chirurgion Experience more necessary for a Chirurgion thau Art Examples of taking away that which is superfluous * Two tunicles of the eyes Examples of replacing Example of
dry In what cases good What the plague is Sect. 3. aphor How it comes to kill The originall Bubo's Carbuncles c. in the plague Amos 3. Acts 17 The second causes have their power from God as the first cause The generall causes of the plague Lib. 6 de loc affectis How the seasons of the yeere may be said to want their seasonablenesse How the aire may be corrupted Lib. 8. hist aâ—iâ— Pestiferous putrefaction is â—ar different from ordinary putrefaction In a pestilent constitution of the aire all diseases become pestilent Lib. 1. de differ feb How the aire may be said to putrefie A Southerly constitution of the aire is the fuell of the Plague Three causes of the putrefâ—ction of humours Passions of the mind helpe forward the putrefaction of the humours Why Abortionâ— are frequent in a pestilent season A Catarrhe with difficulty of breathing killing many The english sweating sicknesse The Plague is not the definite name of one disease What signes in the earth forâ—tell a Plague How pestilent vapours may kill plants and trees Change of places the surest prevention of the Plague Two things of chiefe account for prevention Diet for prevention of the Plague Discommodities of a cloudy or toggy aire Why the South wind is pestilent The efficacy of fire against the Plague Moderate repleâ—ion good for prevention A strange art to drive away the Plague The antipathy of poysons with poysons Whether in the plague time one must travell by night or by day Why the Moon is to be shunned Garlick good against the Plague What water to be made choice oâ— in the Plague time Aqua theriacalis good against the Plague both inwardly taken outwardly applyed The composition thereof A Cordiall water A Cordiall clectuary Anâ—… Another Another A consection to be taken in the morning against the pestilent Aire A March-pane Pils of Ruffus Other pils Other pils Of what nâ—…e the medicines outwardly used ought to be Pomanders Sweet poudeâ—… Bagges Unsavory things to bee eschewed An unguent Why venery is to be shunned Running ulcers good in time of pestilence Places to be shunned in time of plague What company to be avoided You must doe nothing in a pestilent season whereby you may grow too hot Why dogs and cats must be killed in a plague time Why Bathes and hot-houses are not then to be allowed Such as dye of the plague doe quickly putrefiâ— Lib. 2. de occult â—at mirac The villany of some baâ—e people Our lots are in the hands of the Lord. Where to make issues in the time of the Plague Cap 8. Epist 2. What to weare How to visite your patients A history Whence certain signes of the Plague may be taken The cause of such as have the Plague suddenly changed Why some that â—e taken with the plague are â—eepy Why their urine are like those that are â—â—und An ulcerous painefull wearinesse from the beginning sheweth the Plague to be deadly Why they have no sores Sâ—gnes of choler When the urine is to be looked upon Why some are much troubled with thirst others not at all No certain prediction in tâ—… Plaâ—… A history Why young men sooner take the Plague than old What Plague most contagious Who least subject to take the Plague Who subject thereto Signes that the disease is incurable A good signe A deadly signe In whâ—t aire most contagious What effects feare and confidence produce in the Plague The originall of the Plague alwaies from the Aire Signes that natuee is oâ—â—come Change of the Aire â—onduâ—â—â—h to the cure of the Plague Aire penâ— up is apt to putreâ—… The materials for sweet fires Lib 16. cap 13. Perfumes Sweet candles A sweet water to smell to A Nodula to smell to Why such as have the plague may feed more fully Pulse must be shunned The manner of diet For the second course In the end of the meale A restaurative drinke An Oxymel A Julep The commodities of oxycrate To whom hurtfull The drinking of cold water to whom when profitable Lib. 3. cap. 7. For drynesse or roughnesse of the mouth For the Ulcers thereof The choice of waters Hip. sect 5. aphor 26. The beginning of the cuâ—… must be by antidotes In what quantity they must be taken Why poisonous things are put into Antidotes Some poysons Antidotes to othersome How to walke after the taking of an Antidote A sudoâ—ifick potion A sudorifick powder A distilled water against the Plague Another What meane to be used in sweating Whereof they must be made Repercussives not fit to be applyed to Carbuncles Reasons for and against bloud-letting in the Plague The composing of this controversie A history When purging and bleeding may be used Aph. 22 sect 2. Aph. 10. sect 4. Cap. 7. lib 3. Why bloud must 〈◊〉 let on th â—…me in the Plague What purges fit in thel lague Pils An effectuall sudorifick and also purging medicine The vertues of Mugwort Vide Rondelet Lib. 7. de pâ—s c. 3. 〈◊〉 Potion The effects of mercury copperose against the Plague The cause of phrensie in the Plague The benefit of opening an artery Aph. 10. sect 6. A history To stay bleeding Medicines to â—â—ocuresleep A Cataplasme An ointment for the reines An ointment for the heart The noise of dropping water drawes on sleep The differences of the spots in the plague Their severall names and the reasons of them When signes of death Why they somtimes appeare after the death of the patient They are to be cured by driving â—orth The indication of curing taken 〈◊〉 the like An ointment to draw them forth when as they appear too slowly In proâ—… 〈◊〉 Diâ—sâ— What a pesâ—â—lent Bubo is The signe of Bubo's salutary and deadly The use of cupping glasses in curing a Bubo A liniment A compound 〈◊〉 Why vesicatories are better than cauâ—… in a pestilent 〈◊〉 Strong drawing 〈◊〉 Against such as cut away plague 〈◊〉 A digestive fomentation An anodine Cataplasme Why it is best to open a Plague-sore with a potentiall cautery How to draw forth a sore that seems to goe in againe When repercussives may be applyed Why too much bleeding is to be feared Lâ—â—iments to hasten the falling way of the Eschar Against â—ating ulcers The praise of Aegyptiacum What a Carbuncle is The signes of a Carbuncle When so called Symptomes of Carbuncles How the matter of a Bubo Carbuncle differ Why it is deadly to have a sore come after the Feaver Huge postilent Abscesses commonly deadly Deadly Carbuncles A history How to distinguish purple spots from flea-bitings Why Emplastick very hot and great drawers are not good for a carbuncle A Cataplasme for a pestilent Carbuncle Another Other Cataplasmes The effect of Scabious against a pestilen Carbuncle A Radish root drawes out the venome powerfully The top of a Carbuncle when why and with what to be â—urneâ— The falling of the Eschar promiâ—eth health A twofold indication Why the adjacent parts are troubled with 〈◊〉 A fomentation for this
itch Why these ulcerâ—ate hard to beâ—icaâ—â—iâ—ed Two sorts of Epuloticks Remedies against the deformity of scarres Ointments to attenuate and take away scars Why the pestilent malignity is not carâ—ied away by one way but by many We must have chiefe regard to the motion of nature Signes of future sweat A Crises must not be expected in the Plague How to procure vomit Why vomit must not be forced The effect of spitting in pestilent diseases The force of salivation The force of sneesing The commodities of belching The whole body purged by urine When we ought to abstaine from diureticks How to provoke the courses How atomatick things provoke the courses Pessaries to provoke the retms How to stop the courses flowing too immoderately How to provoke the haemorrhoides What a Diarrhaea is What a Dysenteria is The cause of various and stinking excrements in the plague A history A potion Suppositories A hasty pudding to stay the lacke D. Chappelaines medicine to stay a scouring 〈◊〉 Ointments Glysters to stay â—… A glyster for ulcerated guts A very astringent glystar A nourishing glyster Tumours are oft-times discussed by the force of nature after they are suppurated The nurse must be dicted when as the child is sick Medicines may be given to such as are weaned Lib. 9. simp cap. 7. The benefit sweate The forme of a purge to be given to a child The fourth duty of a Surgeon Why the parts of plants being cut off may grow againe but those of man cannot A strange cure for a cut off nose A history Sect. 〈◊〉 lib. de art sent â—5 The causes and hurt that ensues of the lost pallat A remedy found out by accident A history Causes of crookednesse An instrument for such as cannot hold their water A history What varus is What valgus is A plaster to hold fast rest red bones The distinction of male and female The cause of this distinction What seed is The conditions of good seed Seed falleaâ— from all the parts of the body Wherefore many diseases are hereditary How feed is to be understood to fall from the whole body What moueth a man to copulation Why the genitall are endued with a whayish moisture The cause of the foldings of the sper maticke vessels Womens testcles more imperfect Why many men and women abhorre renercous copulation Why the strangury ensueth immoderate copulation What things necessary unto generation Why a male why a female is engendered Why men children are sooner formed in the womb than women The seed is that in power from whence each â—…ing commeth 〈…〉 floweth Why the children are most commonly like unto their fathers When children should be begotten Why often times the child resembleth the Grand-father Why sometime those that are â—…ased do get â—…d children Why the sense of venereous acts is given to brute beasts Why of brute beasts the males raging with lust follow after the females Wherefore a woman when she is with childe desireth copulation How women may be moved to venery and conception The meeting of the seeds most necessary for generation Spots or speeks in the faces of those that are with childe Why many women being great with childe refuse laudable meates and desire those that are illaudable contrary to nature The suppressed tearmes divided into three parts Hip. 1. de morb mul. Aph. 41. sect 5. Why the female seede is nutriment for the male seed A compendious way to understand humane conception Lib. de nat puer What the Cotylidones are The veine never joyneth it selfe with the artery Hippocrates calleth all the membranes that compasse the infant in the wombe according to the judgement of 〈◊〉 in his booke de usu partium by the name of the secundines An old opinion confuted To what use the knots of the childs navell in the wombe serveth The child in the wombe taketh his nutriment by his navell not by his mouth How the child breatheth The three bladders When the seede is called an embrion Why the live called Parenchyma Why the greater portion of goeth into generation of the head and braine Why the head is placed on the top of the body Exod. 20. qu. 52. The molae in the wombe liveth not as the child The life goeth not into the masse of seed that doth engender the child before the body of the child and each part thereof hath his perfect proportion and forme Why the life or soule doth not presently execute all his offices 1 Cor. c. 12. What the soule or life is The life is in all the whole bodys and in every portion thereof The life or soule is simple and indivisible Divers names and the reason of divers names that are given to humane formes Three kinds of living bodies The superiour soule containeth in it selfe all the powers of the inferiour What the common sense is The function of the common sense is double For what cause the internall sense is called the common sense The common sense understandeth or knoweth those things that are simple onely What Imagination is What Reason is The functions of Reason What Memory is Wisdome the daughter of memory and experience What an excrement is The excrement of the fist concoction The excrement of the second concoction is triple The excrement of the third concoction is triple The use of the navellstring The signes of speedy and easie deliverance Children born without a passage in their fundament Aph. 42. sect 5. Aph. 47. sect 3. Why the infant is borne sometimes with his head forwards In the time of childe birth the bones of Ilium and Os sacrum are drawne extended one from another An Italian fable The situation of the infant in the wombe is divers Mankinde hath no certain time of bringing forth young Why the child is scarce alive in the eight moneth Lib. 4. de hist anim cap. 7. The naturall easie child birth How the woman that travelleth in child-birth must bee placed in her bed An unction to supply the defect of the waters that are flowed out too long before the birth A powder to cause speedy deliverance in child-birth Aph. 35. 45. sect 5. A potion causing speedy deliverance What a woman in travell must take presently after her deliverance The cause of the after-throwes Why the secundine or after-birth must bee taken away presently after the birth of the childe The binding of the childs navel-string after the birth The defaults that are coÌ„monly in children newly borne The defaults of conformation must be speedily amended Remedies for the cancer in a childs mouth An old fable of King Chypus Which uncurable Which and how they are curable Why it is called the secundines The causes of the staying of the secundines Accidents that follow the staying of the secandines The manner of drawing out the 〈…〉 that 〈…〉 after the birth The cause of the falling down of the wombe Thr accidents that come of the 〈◊〉 pulling 〈…〉 the wombe together 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 secundine To draw fleame from the
childs mouth Milke soon corrupted in a flegmatick stomack The mothers milke is most similiar for the child The disease of the nurse is participated unto the child Gel. lib. 12. ca. 1. The best age of a nurse The best habit of body in a autse Lib. de inf nutr Of what behaviour the nurse must bee Why the nurse must abstaine from copulation What dugs a nurse ought to have What is to bee observed in the milke The laudable consistence of milke Why the milke ought to be very white Why a woman that hath red hair or freckles on her face cannot be a good nurse Why that nurse that hath borne a man childe is to be preferted before another Why she cannot be a good nurse whose childe was born before the time Anger greatly hurteth the nurse The exercise of the arms is best for the nurse How the child should be placed in the cradle Why an arch of wickers must be made over the childes head lying in the cradle Why a squint-eyed nurse causeth the childe to be squint-eyed How children become left-handed Three laudable conditions of pappe How the meale must be prepared to make the pap withall Why the meale wherewith the pap must be made must first be boiled or baked 1. de sanit 〈◊〉 A cataplasme to relaxe the childs belly For the fretting of the guts in children For the ulcers of the nipples or teats What moderate crying worketh in the infant What immoderate crying causeth When children must be weaned Why children must not be weaned before their 〈◊〉 appeare How children must be weaned What children are strong and found of body An often cause of sudden crookednesse A most certaine sign of the child dead in the wombe When the child is dead in the wombe hee is more heavie than he was before being alive That which is alive will not suffer that which is dead Lib. de tumorib Why the belly of a woman will be more bigge when the child is dead within her than it was before when it was alive The signes of a woman that is weake After what sort the woman in travell must be placed when the child being dead in her wombe must be drawne out How she must be bound How the Chirurgion ought to prepare himselfe and his patient to the drawing out of the child from the wombe How the infant that is dead in the womb must be turned bound and drawne out A caution to avoid strangling of the infant in drawing out the body Why the child must not bee drawn out with his hands forwards A history To diminish the wind wherewith the infant being dead in the wombe swolleth is pufted up that he cannot be gotten out of the wombe How the head of the infant if it remaine in the wombe separated from the body may be drawne out Why the head being alone in the wombe is more difficult to be drawne out Cold an enemy to women in travell What accidents follow the taking of cold in a woman that is delivered of child Secundines must be laid to the region of the wombe whilest they be warme Uugaents for the woman in travell that the region of the belly may not be wtiakled The medicine called Tela Gualterina A powder for the fretting of the guts What must bee done when the groine is torne in child-birth To drive the milke downe-wards By what reason and which way cupping-glasses being fastened on the groine or above the navell do draw the milke out of the breasts Astringent fomentations for the privie parts A distilled liquor for to draw together the dug that are loose and slacke The causes of the difficult child-birth that are in the women that travelleth The pasâ—ions of â—…hinâ—â—r the â—â—th The causes of difficult child-birth that are in the infant The externall causes of difficult child-birth Which is an easie birth What causeth easinesse of child-birth What Abortion is What Effluxion is Women are in more paine by reason of the effluxion than at the true birth The causes of Abortion Girding of the belly may cause untimely birth How bathes hot houses cause untimely birth Hip. 53. 37 sect 5. Hipaph 45. se 5. Hip. aph 〈◊〉 se 5. Women are in more pain at the untimely birth than at the due time of birth The errour of the first child-birth continues afterwards A plaster staying the infant in the wombe What children are ten or eleven moneths in the wombe A male will bee borne sooner than a female Why it is not sufficient to preserve life in the childe to hold open the mouth and privie parts of the mother so soone as the is dead and the childe alive in her body How the body of the woman that death in travell must be cut open to save the childe How it may bee known whether the infant be â—…live of not What superfoetation is A womans wombe is not 〈◊〉 into divers cels The reason of superfoetation Lib. de superfoetationâ—… 〈◊〉 the womb 〈◊〉 the conception of the seed doth ma 〈◊〉 â—imes afterwards open Lib. 7. cap. 11. The reason of the name What a mola is Lib. de steril Cap. 7. lib. 4. de usu part How the mola is engendered The signes of a mola enclosed in the wombe By what faculty the wombe moveth How the motion of the mola differeth from the motion of the infant in the wombe The mola doth turne to each side of the wombe as the situation of the body is A history The description of a mola carried seventeene yeeres in the wombe A vaine or unprofitable conception The mola 〈…〉 the infant in the 〈…〉 it is fastened unto it There things that provoke the flowers forcibly due also 〈…〉 or wast the mola The Chirurgion all 〈…〉 of the mola A history Apostumes of divers kinds in the Mesenterium The accidents that come when the Mesentertum is separated from the bodies adjoyning The dropsie comming of a tumour of the Mesenterium Tom. 1. 〈◊〉 1. c. 1. Lib 6. part morb cap. 7. The Mesenterium is the sinke of the body The Scrophulaes in the Mesenterium A scirrhus of the wombe How the seed is unfertile How the cutting of the veines behind the eares maketh men barren The defaults of the yard The signe of the palsie in the yard Magick bands and enchanted knots The cause why the neck of the wombe is narrow The membrane called Hymen The cause of the fluxe of women Apb 36. sect 5. Gal. lib. 14. de usu par cap. 9. Arist in prob sect de ster quae 3. 4. The signes of a hot wombe The signes of a cold wombe The signes of a moyst wombe The signes of a dry wombe A meet time for conception Arist l. 7. de hist anim c. 2. c. 5. Lib. 7. cap. 14. Lib. 6. cap. 12. Lib. 7. de hist c. nim c. 1. c. 6. lib. 7. cap. 14. What is the falling downe of the wombe The causes 〈…〉 lib. 7. de histor 〈◊〉 cap.
〈◊〉 The signes The prognostications 〈◊〉 history Remedies for the ascension of the wombe For the falling downe of the wombe properly so called A discussing hearing fomentation How vomiting is profitable to the falling down of the wombe The cutting away of the womb when it is patrefyed Lib. 6. Epist 3â— lib. 2. Epist 〈…〉 â—ract de mirand morbor caus A history Antimonium taken in a potion doth cause the wombe to fall downe The signes of the substance of the wombe drawne out Whether there be a membrane called Hymen A history Lib. 11. cap. 16. Lib. 3. sent 21. fract 1. cap. 〈◊〉 The 〈◊〉 of midwives about the membrane called Hymen What virgins at the first time of copulation doe not bleed at their privie parts Lib. 3. The filthy deâ—… of bauds harlots Lib. deprost demon cap. 38. What is the strangulation of the wombe Why the womb swelleth The accidents that come of the strangling of the wombe Why the strangulation that commeth of the corruption of the seed is more dangerous than that that comes of the corruption of the bloud The cause of the divers turning of the wombe into divers parts of the body The wombe is not so greatly moved by an accident but by it selfe Whereof come such divers accidents of strangulation of the wombe The cause of sleepiners in the strangulation of the wombe The cause of a drousie madnes A hisrie The ascention of the womb is to be distinguished from the stangulation The wombe it selfe doth not so well make the ascention as the vapour thereof Women living taken for dead How women that have the suffocation of the wombe live only by transpration without breathing How flies gnats and pismires do live all the winter without breathing A history The 〈…〉 when iâ—… of the suppossion 〈◊〉 the flowers Why the supprossion the 〈…〉 â—eri 〈◊〉 or deadly â—â—men The pulling the haire of the lower parts both for this malady and for the cause of the same A Pessary The matter of sweet fumigations By what power sweet fumigations do restore the womb unto its owne nature and place Stinking smels to be applied to the nostrils Avicens secret for suffocation of the wombe Castoreum drunken Expressions into the wombe The matter of pessaries A glyster scattering grosse vapours A quick certain a pleasant remedy for the suffocation of the wombe Tickling of the neck of the wombe The reason of the names of the monthly flux of women What women do conceive this flux not appearing at all What women have this menstruall flux often abundantly for a longer space than others What women have tâ—â— fluxe more seldome lesse and a far more shorrtime than others Why young women are purged in the new of the Moone Why old women are purged in the wane of the Moone The materiall cause of the monthly fluxe When the monthly flux begins to flow The final cause A woman exceeds a man in quantity of bloud A man execedeth a woman in the quality of his blood A man is more hot than a woman and therefore not menstruall The foolish endeavour of making the orifice of the wombe narrow is rewarded with the discommodity of stopping of the flowers What women are called viragines Lib. 6. epidem sect 7. The women that are called viragines are barren Why the strangâ—… or bloodinesse of the urine followeth the suppression of the flowers Histories of such as were purged of their menstruall flux by the nose and dugges To what women the suppression of the moneths is most grievous Why the veine called basilica in the arme must be opened before the vein saphena in the foot Horse-leeches to be applied to the neck of the wombe Plants that provoke the flowers Sweet things An apozeme to provoke the flowers What causes of the stopping of the flowers must be cured before the discase it selfe The fittest time to provoke the flowers Why hot houses do hurt those in whom the flowers are to be provoked What women â—…and what women due loath the act of generation when the moneths are stopped With what accidents those that are manageable and 〈◊〉 marâ—â—â— aâ—… troubled Aph. 36. sect 5. Lib. 2. de subt The efficient cause of the milke is to be noted By what pores the flowers due flow in a woman and in a maide The causes of an unteasionable flute of blood The criticall fluxe of the flowers The signes of blood dowing from the womb or necke of the wombe The institution or order of 〈◊〉 Purging An unguent An astringent injection Astringent pesâ—… The reason of the name The differences What women are apt to this fluxe Womens fluxe commeth very seldome of blood By what signes an ulcer in the wombe may be known from the white flowers How a womane fluxe is wholsome How it causeth diseases How it letteth the conception Why it is hard to be cured A history If the fluxâ— of a woman be red whâ—â—ein it difâ—erâ—th â—roâ— the â—…uall â—lux A womans flux is not suddenly to be stopped What baths are profitable An astringent â—njâ—â—tion The signes of a putrefyed ulcer in the wombe The virulent Gonorrhaea is like unto the duxe of women The differences of the hoemorrhoides of the necke of the wombe What an Acrochordon is What a thymus is St. Fiacrius figges What warts of the womb must be bound and so cut off Three sâ—opâ—â— of the cure of waâ—ts in the wombe An effectuall water to consume warts Unguents to consume warâ—â— What 〈◊〉 arâ— The 〈◊〉 What coâ—dylâ—matâ— arâ— The cure What the itch of the womb iâ— Thdifferences and signes An abscesse not to be opened A history The time of breeding of the teeth The cause of the paine in breeding teeth The signes The cure What power scratching of the gums hath to asswage the pain of them A history what a monste is What a prodigie is Lib. 4. cen anim cap. 4. Monste seldome loâ— lived Arist in problem 〈◊〉 3. 4. de gen anim cap. 4. Lib. 7. cap. 11. Cap. 3. The ninth book of the Polish history Lib. 4. de gen anim cap. 4. Lib. 4. de generanim cap. 5. Sect. 2. lib. 2. epidem The force of 〈◊〉 upon the body and humours Gen. chap. 30. That the straitnesse or littlenesse of the wombe may be the occassion 〈◊〉 monsters 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cap. 64. There are sorcerers and how they come so to be What induceth them thereto Exod. cap. 22. Levit. cap. 19. Hebr. 1. 14. Galat. 3. 19. 〈◊〉 Thes 4. 16. John 13. Mar. 16. 34. The power of ev'll spirits over mankind The differences of devills The delusions of devills Their titles names What the devills in Mines doe Devills are spirits and from eternity The reason of the name Lib. 15. de civit Dei cap. 22. 23. A history Another An opinion confuted Averrois his history convict of falshood The illusions of the devills A history Our sins are the cause that the devils abuse us Lib. 2. de abdit caus cap. 16. Witches
the growing heat some vehement concussion or jactation of the body be joined Therefore I thinke it manifest by these experiments and reasons that it is not fabulous that some women have beene changed into men but you shall finde in no history men that have degenerated into women for nature alwaies intends and goes from the imperfect to the more perfect but not basely from the more perfect to the imperfect CHAP. VI. Of monsters caused by defect of seed IF on the contrary the seed be any thing deficient in quantity for the conformation of the infant or infants some one or more members will be wanting or more short and decrepite Hereupon it happens that nature intending twinnes a childe is borne with two heads and but one arme or altogether lame in the rest of his limbes The effigies of a monstrous childe by reason of the defect of the matter of seed Anno Dom. 1573. I saw at St. Andrewes Church in Paris a boy nine yeeres old borne in the village Parpavilla sixe miles from Guise his fathers name was Peter Renard and his mother Marquete hee had but two fingers on his right hand his arm was well proportioned from the top of his shoulder almost to his wrest but from thence to his two fingers ends it was very deformed he wanted his leggs and thighes although from the right buttocke a certaine unperfect figure having onely foure toes seemed to put it selfe forth from the midst of the left buttock two toes sprung out the one of which was not much unlike a mans yard as you may see by the figure In the yeere 1562. in the Calends of November at Villa-franca in Gascony this monster a headlesse woman whose figure thou heere seest was borne which figure Dr. John Altinus the Physitian gave to mee when I went about this booke of Monsters he having received it from Fontanus the Physitian of Angolestre who seriously affirmed he saw it The figure of a monstrous woman without a head before and behind A few yeeres agone there was a man of forty yeeres old to be seene at Paris who although he wanted his armes notwithstanding did indifferently performe all those things which are usually done with the hands for with the top of his shoulder head and necke hee would strike an Axe or Hatchet with as sure and strong a blow into a poast as any other man could doe with his hand and hee would lash a coach-mans whip that he would make it give a great crack by the strong refraction of the aire but he ate drunke plaid at cardes and such like with his feet But at last he was taken for a thiefe and murderer was hanged and fastened to a wheele Also not long agoe there was a woman at Paris without armes which neverthelesse did cut sew and doe many other things as if she had had her hands We read in Hippocrates that Attagenis his wife brought forth a childe all of flesh without any bone and notwithstanding it had all the parts well formed The effigies of a man without armes doing all that is usually done with hands The effigies of a monster with two heads two legs and but one arme CHAP. VII Of monsters which take their cause and shape by imagination THe antients having diligently sought into all the secrets of nature have marked and observed other causes of the generation of monsters for understanding the force of imagination to bee so powerfull in us as for the most part it may alter the body of them that imagine they soon perswaded themselves that the faculty which formeth the infant may be led and governed by the firme and strong cogitation of the Parents begetting them often deluded by nocturnall and deceitfull apparitions or by the mother conceiving them and so that which is strongly conceived in the mind imprints the force into the infant conceived in the wombe which thing many thinke to be confirmed by Moses because he tells that Jacob encreased and bettered the part of the sheepe granted to him by Laban his wives father by putting roddes having the barke in part pulled off finely stroaked with white and greene in the places where they used to drinke especially at the time they engendered that the representation apprehended in the conception should be presently impressed in the young for the force of imagination hath so much power over the infant that it sets upon it the notes or characters of the thing conceived We have read in Heliodorus that Persina Queene of Aethiopia by her husband Hidustes being also an Aethiope had a daughter of a white complexion because in the embraces of her husband by which she proved with childe she earnestly fixed her eye and mind upon the picture of the faire Andromeda standing opposite to her Damascene reports that he saw a maide hairy like a Beare which had that deformity by no other cause or occasion than that her mother earnestly beheld in the very instant of receiving and conceiving the seed the image of St. John covered with a camells skinne hanging upon the poasts of the bed They say Hippocrates by this explication of the causes freed a certain noble woman from suspicion of adultery who being white her selfe and her husband also white brought forth a childe as blacke as an Aethiopian because in copulation she strongly and continually had in her minde the picture of the Aethiope The effigies of a maid all hairy and an infant that was blacke by the imagination of their Parents There are some who thinke the infant once formed in the wombe which is done at the utmost within two forty dayes after the conception is in no danger of the mothers imagination neither of the seed of the father which is cast into the womb because when it hath got a perfect figure it cannot be altered with any external form of things which whether it be true or no is not here to be enquired of truly I think it best to keep the woman all the time she goeth with childe from the sight of such shapes and figures The effigies of a horrid Monster having feet hands and other parts like a Calfe In Stecquer a village of Saxony they say a monster was borne with foure feet eyes mouth and nose like a calfe with a round and redde excrescence of flesh on the fore-head and also a piece of flesh like a hood hung from his necke upon his backe and it was deformed with its thighes torne and cut The figure of an infant with a face like a Frog Anno Dom. 1517. in the parish of Kings-wood in the forrest Biera in the way to Fontain-Bleau there was a monster borne with the face of a Frog being seen by John Bellanger Chirurgian to the Kings Engineers before the Justices of the towne of Harmoy principally John Bribon the Kings procurator in that place The fathers name was Amadaeus the Little his mothers Magdalene Sarbucata who troubled with a feaver by a womans perswasion
held a quicke frogge in her hand untill it died she came â—hus to bed with her husband and conceived Bellanger a man of an acute wit thought this was the cause of the monstrous deformity of the childe CHAP. VIII Of Monsters caused by the straitnesse of the wombe WEE are constrained to confesse by the event of things that monsters are bred and caused by the straitnesse of the wombe for so apples hanging upon the trees if before they come to just ripenesse they bee put into strait vessels their growth is hindered So some whelps which women take delight in are hindered from any further growth by the littlenesse of the place in which they are kept Who knowes not that the plants growing in the earth are hindered from a longer progresse and propagation of their roots by the opposition of a flint or any other solid body and therefore in such places are crooked slender and weak but on the other part where they have free nourishment to bee strait and strong for seeing that by the opinion of Naturalists the place is the forme of the thing placed it is necessary that those things that are shut up in straiter spaces prohibited of free motion should be lessened depraved and lamed Empedocles and Diphilus acknowledged three causes of monstrous births The too great or small matter of the seed the corruption of the seed and depravation of growth by the straitnesse or figure of the womb which they thought the chiefest of all because they thought the case was such in naturall births as in forming of metals and fusible things of which statues being made doe lesse expresse the things they be made for if the moldes or formes into which the matter is poured bee rough scabrous too strait or otherwise faulty CHAP. IX Of monsters caused by the ill placing of the mother in sitting lying downe or any other site of the body in the time of her being with childe WEE often too negligently and carelesly corrupt the benefits and corporall endowments of nature in the comelinesse and dignity of conformation it is a thing to be lamented and pitied in all but especially in women with childe because that fault doth not onely hurt the mother but deformes and perverts the infant which is conteined in her wombe for wee moving any manner of way must necessarily move whatsoever is within us Therefore they which sit idely at home all the time of their being with childe or crosse-legged those which holding their heads downe doe sow or worke with the needle or doe any other labour which presse the belly too hard with cloaths breeches or swathes doe produce children wrie-necked stooping crooked and disfigured in their feet hands and the rest of their joints as you may see in the following figure The effigies of a childe who from the first conception by the site of the mother had his hands and feet standing crooked CHAP. X. Of monsters caused by a stroake fall or the like occasion THere is no doubt but if any injury happen to a woman with childe by reason of a stroake fall from on high or the like occasion the hurt also may extend to the child Therefore by these occasions the tender bones may bee broken wrested strained or depraved after some other monstrous manner and more by the like violence of such things a veine is often opened or broken or a fluxe of blood or great vomiting is caused by the vehement concussion of the whole body by which meanes the childe wants nourishment and therefore will be small and little and altogether monstrous CHAP. XI Of monsters which have their originall by reason of hereditary diseases BY the injury of hereditary diseases infants grow monstrous that is monstrously deformed for crooke-backt produce crooke-backt and often times so crooked that betweene the bunch behind and before the head lies hid as a Tortoise in her shell so lame produce lame flat nosed their like dwarfes bring forth dwarfes leane bring forth leane and fat produce fat CHAP. XII Of monsters by the confusion of seed of divers kindes THat which followeth is a horrid thing to be spoken but the chast minde of the Reader will give mee pardon and conceive that which not onely the Stoikes but all Philosophers who are busied about the search of the causes of things must hold That there is nothing obscene or filthy to be spoken Those things that are accounted obscene may bee spoken without blame but they cannot bee acted or perpetrated without great wickednesse fury and madnesse therefore that ill which is in obscenity consists not in word but wholly in the act Therefore in times past there have beene some who nothing fearing the Deity neither Law nor themselves that is their soule have so abjected and prostrated themselves that they have thought themselves nothing different from beasts wherefore Atheists Sodomites Out-lawes forgetfull of their owne excellency and divinity transformed by filthy lust have not doubted to have filthy and abhominable copulation with beasts This so great so horrid a crime for whose expiation all the fires in the world are not sufficient though they too maliciously crafty have concealed and the conscious beasts could not utter yet the generated mis-shapen issue hath abundantly spoken and declared by the unspeakable power of God the revengerand punisher of such impious horrible actions For of this various and promiscuous confusion of seedes of a different kinde monsters have beene generated and borne who have beene partly men and partly beasts The like deformity of issue is produced if beasts of a different species doe copulate together nature alwaies affecting to generate something which may bee like it selfe for wheat growes not but by sowing of wheat nor an apricocke but by the setting or grafting of an apricocke for nature is a most diligent preserver of the species of things The effigies of a monster halfe man and halfe dogge Anno Dom. 1493. there was generated of a woman and a dogge an issue which from the navell upwards perfectly resembled the shape of the mother but therehence downewards the sire that is the dogge This monster was sent to the Pope that then reigned as Volaterane writeth also Cardane mentions it wherefore I have here given you the figure thereof Câ—lius Rhodiginus writes that at Sibaris a heards-man called Chrathis fell in love with a Goat and accompanied with her and of this detestable and brutish copulation an infant was born which in legges resembled the damme but the face was like the fathers The figure of a monster in face resembling a man but a Goat in his other members Anno Dom. 1110. In a certaine towne of Liege as saith Lycosthenes a sow farrowed a pig with the head face hands and feet of a man but in the rest of the body resembling a swine The figure of a pigge with the head face hands and feet of a man Anno Dom. 1564. at Bruxels at the house of one Joest Dictzpeert in