ones 21â— vlcers of the mouth 197 199 203. of the eares 209. inward 207. of the lungs 205. of the â—emeâ— 459. comming of the pocks 58 203. vlcers in Oxen. 102 A low and base Votte 148. to haue a good voice 176 To stay Vomiting 48 204 213 249. to cause vomiting speedily 449. to prouoke vomite 285. to the curing of a quartane and tertian ague 298 Vrine of all sorts and to procure the making of vrine 〈◊〉 97 171 176 180 182 194 197 199 203 205 208 210 211 212 246 248 251 371 397 453 679 690 Horses hardly able to make their Vrine 141. W WArts 60 206. hanging Warts â—16 Against Witchcrafâ— 199 Fukeâ— for Women c. 208 304 465 Wormes amongst Beeâ— 398 Wormes and how to kill them 157 200 201 203 205. 207 220 245 247 251 285 372 〈◊〉 690. wormes in little children 180 210 244 246 561 693. wormes menting horses 146. to cause the wormes that trouble dogges to fall from them 677 678. to kill them that destroy trees 405 406. to keepe flesh from all manner of wormes 197. to cause them to come out of the earth in great aboundance 386 The flying 〈◊〉 a disease in horses 142 To kill earth Wâ—rmes that eat the roots of hearbes 401 Wounds in dogges 678 Woundâ— 198 200 207 214 against all sorts of wounds 204. against the inflammation thereof 28â— wounds fresh and new â—7 207 209 214 220. old 58 214. maligned 201. wounds in the armes and legges 219. in the noble and â—nner parts 207 208. in the head 〈◊〉 in the guts 288. wounds with Dagges 59. to draw yâ—on out of a wound 199. for to consider of inward and outward wounds 202 205 207 211 212. an excellent balme for green wounds and cuts 57 204 437 Wringâ—â—â—â— 249 Windinesse in the stomacke or bellie ibid. Y THe Yard swolne and the cure thereof The Yard of an Oxe growne hard FINIS Pâ—â—tarch in â—eg Apoh 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 2. Chro. 26. â—0 Genes 4. â— â— Sam. â— 14. 〈…〉 The varietie of Countries causeth a diuers manner of labouring of the earth Ouer-much curiositie the ruinâ— of good wits What manner of Husbandrie iâ— entreated of in that which followâ—th The name of the Country â—ouse 〈◊〉 a Farme Meese or field Inheritance The Translator The English practise added to the French The Summe of the first Booke The Sâ—mme of the second Booke The Summe of the third Booke The Summe of the fourth Book The Summe of the fiâ—â— Booke The Summe of the sixt Booke The Summe of the seventh Booke The Kitchin must be the first piece of building in a good house Purchase by statute the surest of al others That there be 〈◊〉 foolish buyers than sellers That Land 〈◊〉 striâ—e in hand Labour 〈…〉 a Householder That 〈◊〉 to say that euerything hauing attained his height doth in the â—nd decrease 〈…〉 A good aire 〈…〉 Farme Neere vnto a good neighbor Farre from places of garrison Farre from Riuers and Brookt It behoueth vâ— to content our selues with that which God and Nature affoordeth Rockâ—e grounds good for the bearing of Vines and so for such Countries as a bound with Vines A high and flat Countrey Pooles Cesternes Pits called Aranques To make a Cesterne for to hold and keepe Raine water The way to prepare ground for the bearing of wood A Country neare vnto Riuers The pleasures of Princes A drie Countrey A Hill to build vpon 〈…〉 Wells of good Water Fountaines To find out the beads of Fountaines The best time to 〈◊〉 out Spring-heads 〈…〉 What Waters are best Places giuen tâ— bring forth 〈◊〉 Deceitfull stone-pits Why the earth is termed by the name of a Mother That it is against the nature of the free Countrey of Beaâ—x to beare any Rie Toâ—â—aine the Garden of France Man by labour is able to tame euery thing Watrie and marish places The vnder parts of watrie grounds Islands of Flaunders To build on the tops of high ground Wild grounds Desarts and Bull-rushes Stâ—nie grounds Vntilled grounds Sandie grounds What is 〈◊〉 to know the nature of great Sand. Strong grounds Rough ground A clay ground To build vpon a high ground Territories and fields lying in Croye and Ardose The nature of the earth must be knowne An old prouerh That of compulsions comes no good Good ground a fruitfull countrey of France The fruitfulnes of Aquitaine The inconueniences of the Southerne wind in Languedoc Prouence and Guienne The signes of a good and sertile ground Naughtie earth Great Cages make not theiâ— Birds good Vnfaithfull Farmers The eye of the Master fatteth the Horse 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈◊〉 The base Courts 〈…〉 Of the Ligâ—ts to be made in Building 〈…〉 The Wells of the Câ—â—rt Tâ—e dore of â—he Hâ—use A partition The Farmers Lodge The Farmers Ouen The Farmers Chamber Garners Stables for Hoâ—se 〈…〉 Oxe-housâ—s The entrance of the householdeâ—s dwelling place The round staires The Kitchin The chietest Lights must be tâ—ward the East Garners The North wind good for the keeping of Corne. A Henne-house Turkâ—â— Hennâ—â— and Cockâ— Fesants 〈…〉 〈◊〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 What things are most fit to be farmed out The chiefe key of all the rest 〈…〉 To order his Suites What time the Householder should keepe at his Farme and when he may best goâ— abroad to the Towne or elsewherâ— Men cannot abide to be roughly entreated Husbandmens apparrell To know to write and read is not necessarie for a farmâ—r Paper endureth all tâ—ings A Farmer must haue much knowledge 〈…〉 Nâ—cessarie things to be prouided It is not good â—o exact too much at a seruants hands The naturall inclimatâ—on of the sâ—uerall Câ—untâ—imen of France Normans Normans Picards Bâ—yais Limâ—sins Goscoins 〈…〉 〈…〉 The fâ—retelling of Raine Signes â—oreâ—â—kening great store of Raine Signes â—oretâ—kening Snow Haile Signes â—orâ—â—tkening Winds The signes foretokening Tâ—â—nder Lightnings and Tempests The signes â—ore-tokening faire Weather Sigâ—es â—oretokening the beâ—innings and endings of times Signes â—oretokening Cold. A long Winter The heat oâ— Summer The knowledge of the disposition of eueriâ—â—oneth 〈…〉 A good or bad yeare Signes foretokening fruitfulnesse A barren â—â—are Tokens â—â—reshewing Cornâ— to be good cheape or deare Signes foreâ—â—kening a sickly or sound yeare Thâ— Sunne and the Moone great Lights Of the Moone Tâ—e cause of the growâ—h and waâ—â— of thâ— Moone To slaughter Caâ—â—ell in the new of the Moone Fruit-trees and others To cleanse trees To gather fruits Grapes To sow Cornâ— To winnow or fanne to searce and lay vp Corne vnder locke To grind Corne. Onions soâ—n in the wanâ— Tâ— mow Medâ—wâ—s To dung them Ianuarie Februarie March Aprill May. Iune Iuly August September October Nouember December To â—se Bread temperately Prouision for Drinke The Plague Naphe A continuall Feauer A Quartane Aguâ— Thirst. A Tertian Ague A Quotidian Ague Headach comming of Heat Headach comming of drinking of Wine Headach proceeding of Coldâ— Frensie Drowsinesse or heauinesse of Sleepe
tenne dayes the child borne thereon shall not be subiect to women In the sixteenth day Iacob was borne For this cause it maketh good to buy and â—ame Horses Oxen and other Cattell the sicke shall be in great danger of death if he change not his Ayre or House dreames shall come to passe the child shall not liue long In the seuenteenth day Sodome and Gomorrha was destroyed It is ill to attempt and doe any thing Physicke taken will doe no good vnto the Patient the dreames will be verified within thâ—ee dayes the child will not be prosperous in all things In the eighteenth day Isaac was borne It is good to be at leisure and to goe about businesse the sicke shall be in danger of death the dreame shall be true the child shall not trauaile farre but he shall get greaâ— goods In the nineteenth day King Pharoah was borne This day is dangerous wherefore it will be good to auoid companie and drunkards and to liue peaceably without doing any thing the diseased will soonâ— recouer the dreame will proue truâ— the child will not be malicious or a mocker In the twentieth day the Prophet Ionas was borne This is a good day for the doing of all things the disease will continue long the dreame true and apparent the child which shall be borne will be malicious and a mocker In the one and twentieth day was borne King Saul It is good to reioyce and cheare vp ones selfe in faire and honest Apparrell good to buy prouision for sustenance the theft committed will be found out the taken sicke in great danger of his disease the dreame vaine and vnprofitable the child borne subiect to endure great â—rauaile In the two and twentieth Iob was borne It is not good to goe about Merchandise not to enterprise or vndertake any charge That sicke shall be in danger to die of the sicknesse that hee shall take this day the dreame shall be true the child borne shall be good and honest In the three and twentieth day was Beniamin borne Whatsoeuer a man doth vpon that day it shall turne to his honour the disease shall be long but not mortall the dreames false the child borne a dissembling wretch and ill fauoured In the foure and twentieth day Iaphet was borne It is an indifferent day that is to say neither good nor bad the sicknesse will hold long but the patient will recouer the dreame will be of no effect the child that is borne will be mild and courteous and will loue to make great cheare In the fiue and twentieth Mortalitie entred into Egypt The sicke will be in danger of death the sixt day after the beginning of the sicknesse the child that is borne therein shall be subiect vnto many dangers perils and aduersities In the six and twentieth Moises diuided the Sea the same day died Saul and Ionathan for which cause the day is verie dangerous and not good to doe any thing in He that falleth sicke vpon that day will neuer escape the dreames will proue true the child borne will not be any man of great prosperitie or pleasure that is to say neither poore nor rich In the seuen and twentieth it is good to take paines in all manner of businesses the sicknesse will be variable the dreames will be doubtfull the child borne will be mild and louely In the eight and twentieth all good things will be good to be done the sick shall be recouered of his sicknesse the child borne shall be slouthfull and negligent In the nine and twentieth day Herod caused the children to be slaine This is a dismall and vnhappie day wherefore there must nothing be done that day nor yet vndertaken the dreames will be verie certaine the sicke will turne found the child borne will liue and keepe societie in peaceable manner among men The thirtieth and last day is good to doe all things in The sicke shall be in great danger euen vnto death but if he be well and carefully looked vnto he will recouer the dreames will be turned into ioy within the fift day the child borne will be subtill and deceitfull As concerning the Sunne which is the other Instrument of the whole World performing the greatest part of his actions really and in deed during the day whereof it is the author as the Moone doth hers during the night as being then when she is in her force and vigour it by his naturall heat influence actions and casting forth of his coelestiall beames giueth vnto earthly bodies their forme and vegetatiue life accompanied with certaine powers and vertues so farre forth as euerie naturall bodie is capable and deserueth or requireth it Which operations of the Sunne in these Earthly matters are wrought and effected by certaine his motions accomplished in the foure quarters of the yeare which is that time wherein the Sunne dispatcheth his whole course Wherefore the wise and prudent Husbandman shall giue heed to the foure quarters of the yeare which are the Spring Summer Autumne and Winter to the end that according to the motion and power of the Sunne in these foure quarters hee handle manage and gouerne all his affaires of Husbandrie And this is the thing that wee will more particularly handle at large in the Chapter following by the workes that the Husbandman must doe in euerie seuerall moneth of the yeare CHAP. X. The particular Workes that a Husbandman must be carefull to doe euerie Moneth in the yeare FVrthermore to the end that his people may not liue idle and that they may not loose one small minute of time which being imployed about some one or other worke he shall dispose of his workes so as that they may euerie one haue his certaine time and he shall know at his fingers ends what things is to be done euerie moneth and time of the yeare Yet thus euer to gouerne his memorie that these labours following being more naturall to the Kingdome of France than to any of her neighbours they shall for their satisfaction because the Booke is now intended generall returne to the sixt Chapter and there behold the conuenient labours fit for colder Countries as is the Island of great Britaine Ireland and the Low Countries In the moneth of Ianuarie chiefely toward the end hee shall cut downe his Wood which hee appointeth for Building or other Worke when the Moone is vnder the Earth for the brightnesse of the Moone maketh the Wood more tender and the Wood which shall be cut at such time will endure a long time without rotting He shall dung the Fruit-trees not letting the dung touch their roots He shall graft all such great and little Trees which bud betimes as Rose-trees Damaske Plum-trees Apricock-trees Almond-trees and Cherry-trees He shall digge the Earth for the casting in of Nuts Almonds and the kernels of Apricockes Peaches and Plums and such others in grounds that are cold and moist in the two first quarters of the Moone Hee shall cut his Vine in
Mithridate and vpon the right arme the head of a Bat. To cause them to sleepe which cannot well slumber it is good to make a Frontlet with the seed of Poppie Henbane Lettuce and the iuice of Nightshade or the milke of a woman giuing a girle sucke or with the leaues of ground yuâ—e stamped with the white of an egge or put vnder the pillow a Mandrake apple or the greene leaues of Henbane and rub the soles of the feet with the greaâ—e of a Dormouse For the swimming in the Head there is commonly vsed the conserue of the flowers of Betonie or Aqua vitae or the confection called Electuarium Anacardinum To preserue such from the Apoplexie as are subiect vnto it let them drinke in Winter a good spoonefull of Aqua vitae well sugred and let them eat a bit of White bread by and by after or in stead of Aqua vitae let them drinke the Claret water which I will set downe hereafter or of the water of the root of the wild Vine or of the powder of the root thereof continually for the space of a yeare For the Palsie rub the place afflicted with the oyle of Foxes Bayes and Castoreum mixing therewith a little Aqua vitae vse likewise oftentimes the water of Cinnamon and of S. Iohns wort or the conserues of Sage Rosemarie Cowslips Baulâ—â—e and Mithridate make him drie Bathes with the decoction of Lauander Coastmarie Danewort Sage and Marierome To preserue one from the Falling sicknesse otherwise called S. Iohns disease it is a soueraigne thing to drinke for the space of nine dayes a little draught of the iuice of the hearbe Paralysis or Cowsâ—â—ps or of the distilled water of the Linden tree or of Coriander or to vse euerie morning for the space of fortie dayes a powder made of the seed of Pionie and Missletoe of the Oake or of the skull of a Man and more specially of that part of the skull which is neerest vnto the seame of the crowne with neat Wine or with the decoction of Pionie as also to hang about his necke the Missletoe of the Oake or some piece of a mans skull or of the root or seed of male Pionie or of the stone that is found in Swallowes neasts or to weare about his necke or vpon one of his fingers some ring wherein shal be set the bone of the foot of the Oxe called Elam or Alce and that so as that the bone may touch the flesh or bare skin you shall deliuer them that are in that fit if you tickle them and pinch their great toe or rub their lips with mans bloud To take away the rednesse of the Face it is good to wash the face with the decoction of the chaffe of Barley and Oates and to foment it afterward with the iuice of Citrons or else take foure ounces of Peach kernels two ounces of the husked seedes of Gourds bruise them and presse them out strongly to the end they may yeeld their oyle rub or touch with this liquor the pimples or red places To take away the spots of the Face make a composition of the flower of Lupines Goats gall iuice of Limons and verie white Allome touch the spotted places with this oyntment or else make an oyntment with the oyle of bitter Almonds Honey Ireos and Waxe or else rub your face with the bloud of a Cocke Henne or Pigeon or foment it with the water of the flowers of Beanes Orenges or Mulberries For the Kings euill take Leekes with the leaues and roots of the hearbe Patience presse out about some pound of the iuice thereof in which you shall dissolue an ounce of Pellitorie powdred and a scruple of Viridis aeris mixe all verie well together and herewithall you shall daily foment the said disease Hang about your necke the roots of water Betonie and the lesser Plantaine If you cut the foot of a great Witwall or Toad when the Moone is declining and beginneth to ioyne it selfe to the Sunne and that you apply it round about his neck which hath the Kings euill you shall find it verie soueraigne for the said disease The dung of a Cow or Oxe heated vnder the ashes betwixt Vine or Colewort leaues and mingled with Vineger hath a propertie to bring the swelling to ripenesse Or else vse this remedie which is alwayes readie singular good and well approued Take a sufficient quantitie of Nicotiana stampe it in a verie cleane Mortar and apply both the iuice and drossie parts thereof vnto the said tumour together and doe this nine or tenne times The Rheume falling downe vpon the eyes is stayed by a Cataplasme applyed to the browes made of the muscillage of shell-Snailes and corporated with the flower of Frankincense and Aloes well stirred together vntill that the whole become to the thicknesse of Honey For a weake Sight take Fennell Veruaine Clarey Rue Eye-bright and Roses of each a like and distill them all in a Limbecke of this water distilled put three or foure drops in your eyes morning and euening Also the water of young Pies distilled in a Furnace is verie good in like manner the water of rotten Apples putting two or three drops thereof into them It is good for the same disease to take the vapour of the decoction of Fennell Eye-bright and Rue to drinke euerie morning a small draught of Eye-bright wine or to prepare a powder with dried Eye-bright and Sugar to take thereof euerie morning the weight of a French crowne two or three houres before meat There is a stone found within the gall of an Oxe which put into the nosthrils doth maruellously cleare the sight â—o doth the wine made of the root of Maiden haire if it be oft vsed in the morning For the paine of the Eyes it is good to make the decoction of Camomile Melilot and the seed of Fennell in water and white Wine and dipping a foure-fold Linnen Cloth therein and after wringing it well to apply the same oftentimes to the eye or else to lay vpon it womans milke and the white of an egge well beat together The rednesse of the Eyes is amended by the applying of Linnen Clothes or Plegets of Flaxe moistened in the whites of egges well beat together with Rose or Plantaine water or else boyle a sowre and sharpe Apple take the pulpe thereof and mix it with Nurce milke afterward make a little Liniment to be applyed to the red eye-lids In the meane time you may apply to the temples a frontlet made with Prouence Roses or conserue of Roses and other astringent things to the end that the â—heâ—me falling from the braine may be stayed seeing it is the cause of such rednesse Other cause small thinne and daintie slices of Veale or of the necke of an Oxe newly killed to be steeped in womans milke and lay them vpon the eyes laying againe aboue them stupes of Flaxe Some cause little children to
built aside from the Farme-place farre off from the lodging of the chiefe Lord because that such birds are loathsome doe foule euerie thing and spoyle whatsoeuer household furniture turned toward the East from the Winter and Northerne quarter neere vnto the Ouen of the Kitchin if it be possible to the end that the heat thereof which helpeth them to lay and the smoake which is verie wholesome for the Pullen may reach euen vnto it It shall haue a little window right vpon the East by which the Pullen may come forth into the Court in the morning and goe in againe at euening it shall be shut at night to the end they may nestle themselues more safely from the danger of such beasts as are apt to offer them wrong without and on the side next the Court they shall haue pretie ladders by which the Pullen may flye vp into the window and into their house to roust and rest themselues for the night time This Henne-house must be well layd with Lome and smoothed both within and without to the end that Cats Fulmers and Snakes and other dangerous beasts may not come neere vnto the Pultrie and that neere vnto this Henne-house in the middest of the Court there be certaine Trees or Arbors for sowre Grapes to the end that Pullen may haue shadow vnder it in Summer and that Chickens may haue couer and defence against the Kite the Owles and other such rauenous birds It is not good that they should sleepe vpon the plaine floore that so their ordure and dung may not hang vnto their feet for thus they would grow to haue paine in their feet and to become gowâ—ie For this cause you must set all along the Henne-house a foot higher than the floore and two feet one from another â—quare Pearches not round because that if they should be round the Pullen could not sit fast vpon them Right ouer-against the Henne-house and a little way off from it you shall prepare a dunghill for the benefit of the Pullen after this sort and manner Cast a great deale of earth into a great hole of purpose made for such an end which you shall besprinkle with the bloud of Oxen and other beasts killed onely for the Hide afterward you shall cast a reasonable quantitie of Oates vpon the same and you shall turne the said earth the vppermost lowermost in a small time there will be engendred such a great quantitie of wormes as that the Pullen shall haue picking worke there for a long time and the grasâ—e which shall sticke there will correct the fat which they shall get by the wormes which they haue picked And when you shall see the prouision of wormes to faile you may begin againe your watering of the earth with bloud and sowing of Oates thereupon as at the first Some to haue faâ— Capons and of a pleasant flesh when the Mulberries are in season doe plant Mulberrie trees in their Courts for Capons and all other manner of Fowles which feede vpon Mulberries become maruellous fat and of an excellent taste and verdure To euerie dozen of Hennes one good Cocke is sufficient howsoeuer those of former daies doe allow one to euerie fiue and he must not be of colour white nor yet gray but red tawnie or black his body wel compact his crest or combe very vpright red thicke not notched toothed or gasht with cuts a well raised necke and high 〈◊〉 pinions and flight of his wings great his eares great and verie white his bill 〈◊〉 thicke and crooked his eye blacke in a circle that is red yellow or azure his 〈◊〉 of a rose colour standing of a white and red mixture the feathers of his necke long golden and changeable his legges verie scalie thick and short his clawes short and fast his spurs stiffe and sharpe his tayle vpright grosâ—e thicke and crooking backward ouer his head The tawâ—e or reddish Henne in like manner is the best and that which hath the feathers of her wings blacke though shee her selfe be not altogether blacke for the gray or blacke colour is but little worth because they be hard to bring vp and sparingly giuen to lay egges and yet moreouer they be small alwayes leane vnhealthfull and their flesh of small rellâ—sh The stature of the Henne must be indifferent her head great her combe vpright and verie red her bodie great and square her necke thicke and breast large The dwarfe or little Hennes doe lay oftener than the other but they are not so fit to be set on egges to bring forth Chickens The greater Hennes are not so giuen to lay wherefore Hennes of middle size are to be preferred before the other foreseene that they haue large wings and their bodies thick set with feathers and if they haue fiue clawes as the Cockes they are more wild and not so tame as others The Henne that hath spurs spoyleth her egges hatcheth not so ordinarily and sometimes eateth the egges shee sitteth on The Henne which is giuen daintily to affect and feed vpon the grapes being the thing that keepeth her from laying will be kept from seeking after and eating of them by giuing her the 〈◊〉 of the wild Vine for this doth cause such a roughnesâ—e or edge in her as in those that haue eaten sowre fruits The Henne that is too fat or which hath the flux of the belly layeth wind egges The young Henne is nothing skilfull either to fit or to lead Chickens wherefore you must fat the Henne with spurres and the Chauntresâ—e or crowing Henne and her that scratcheth and allureth the other Hennes by clocking aâ— the Cocke is wont to doe and that by plucking first the greatest feathers of her wings and giuing for to eat great store of Milleâ— Barly and Paste cut in gobbets bruiâ—ed Acornes Bran mixt with pottage the huskes of Rice Pannickle and Oates or the crums of Wheat bread steept in the water of Barly flower and to keepe her in a close place where she cannot stirre and to pull the feathers of her head thighs and râ—mpe Such Hennes thus fatted by the hands of a man may be recouered at any time of the yeare but the fleâ—h is not of â—o good rellish as when they grow fat going abroad at their libertie which thing happeneth and falleth out more commonly at one time of the yeare than at another the verie right and naturall season of their chiefe fatting being in the moneths of Ianuarie and Februarie for indeed in these moneths Hennes are nothing inferior vnto Capons The Henne that is too fat shall be made leane by mixing of Fullers earth with her water and of the powder of a softened Bricke in her meat And if she haue a loose belly you must giue her for her first meat the white of an egge roasted and beaten in a Mortar with the double quantitie of Bulleis And for the mad Henne which breaketh her egges and eateth them you must cast Alablaster vpon the yolke
from the other the smell of which Elder is so odious 〈…〉 beasts that they haue no desire to come neere it either vnder or aboue the 〈◊〉 so long as it is greene and therefore when these first stickes shall be drie you 〈◊〉 renew them Othersome put Thornes that are verie sharpe and pricking or 〈…〉 of Chesnuts vnder the earth round about the plants of the Artichokes 〈…〉 one neere vnto another to the end that the Rats comming neere vnto the 〈◊〉 may presently be driuen backe againe Others cause Beanes to be boyled 〈…〉 poysoned water and doe put them in the holes of this wicked cattell for they 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sent thereof they run thither presently As concerning Moules we will speake of 〈◊〉 manner of killing them hereafter The root of Artichoke sodden in Wine and drunke is soueraigne against the difâ—â—cultie of making water for the stinking and strong smell of the arme-pits and of 〈◊〉 vrine also for the hot and scalding fretting of ones vrine whether it come of the 〈◊〉 or of some other cause and so also for the dropsie the pulpe boyled in flesh 〈◊〉 and eaten with Salt Pepper and Galanga made in powder helpeth the weakâ—sse of the generatiue parts The Italians eat them in the morning raw with bread 〈◊〉 salt whiles they be yet young and tender CHAP. XV. Of Sorrell and Burnet SOrrel and Burnet notwithstanding that they grow vntild in great aboundance yet they may be sowen in fine ground and well manured in the Spring time especially the Sorrell for as for Burnet it groweth likewise and as well in drie grounds nothing tilled or stirred both of them 〈◊〉 planted in gardens must from the beginning be well watered and he that deâ—reth to gather the seed must take them vp and plant them againe suffering them to â—row to their perfection and then to drie and wither They feare not cold or frost â—either yet aboundance of water but they looke especially the Sorrell that they 〈◊〉 become the fairer to be cut three or foure times a yeare All the sorts of Sorrell as well those of the field as those of the garden haue this â—ertue that being boyled with flesh how old and hard soeuer it be yet they make it â—nder and loose the bodie The leaues of Sorrell rosted in hot ashes haue a singular force to resolue or to cause 〈◊〉 Apostumate the swellings of the eyes or as some Surgeons vse if you take the 〈◊〉 of Sorrell and lap them vp close in a Burre-docke leafe then lay it in the hot 〈◊〉 and rost it as you would rost a Warde then open it and applie it as hot 〈◊〉 the patient is able to endure it to any impostumation or byle whatsoeuer about 〈◊〉 part of a mans bodie it will not onely in short space ripen and breake it but also â—raw and heale it verie sufficiently it is also being boyled in Posset-ale a verie â—â—od cooler of the bloud and a great comferter against inflamations which come by â—â—urning Feauers A Cataplasme made of the leaues of Sorrell with twice as much 〈◊〉 Swines-grease all beaten and mingled together and afterward put in the leafe of 〈◊〉 Colewort vnder the hot ashes is soueraigne against cold Apostumes The seed of â—orrel powdred and drunke with water or wine doth asswage the paine of the blouâ—ie flux Sorrell steept in vinegar and eaten in the morning fasting is a preseruatiue â—gainst the plague as also the Syrope or Iuleb made with the juice thereof The â—aues of Sorrell well stamped and applied vnto the wrest doth tame the fiercenesse 〈◊〉 the ague Burnet of the garden being an herbe that some vse to put in their salades whereof 〈◊〉 haue here spoken and which is also the same which the Latinists call Sanguisorâ—â— taken in drinke is good to restraine the monethly termes of women and all other 〈◊〉 of the belly but especially such as are of bloud it is good also to dry vp wounds â—nd vlâ—ers if it be applied vnto them in forme of a Cataplasme Some doe much â—teeme it in the Plague time and some say that the often vse of Burnet especially 〈◊〉 juice thereof is a verie soueraigne preseruatiue against dangerous diseases beâ—â—use it hath a propertie verie much strengthening the Liuer the Heart and the Spiâ—â—â—ts The leaues of Burnet put into the wine make it more pleasant more strong and â—omewhat Aromaticall and of the taste of Millions they are verie good to be put in sallades made with Oyle Salt and Vinegar according as we see them vsed 〈◊〉 day CHAP. XVI Of Harts-horne Trickmadame and Pearcestone AS for Harts-horne and Trickmadame they haue no need of any 〈…〉 or planting for both of them will come in any ground that 〈◊〉 would haue them whether it be husbanded or not True it is that if 〈◊〉 would haue Harts-horne flourish and faire liking you must cut it oft 〈◊〉 it along vpon some roller or cause it to go vpon foot by it selfe for it delighteth to 〈◊〉 so intreated and vtterly refusing to grow otherwise than against the ground 〈◊〉 madame doth nothing feare the cold and doth grow principally vpon the old 〈◊〉 of vines in a stonie and grauelly earth These are put in Summer-sallades 〈◊〉 neither of theâ—â— haue either tast or smell fit for the same The Harts-horne is goodâ— stay the flux of the bellie Trickmadame stamped with Lettuce and applied vnto the pulses doth delay 〈◊〉 heat of an ague The distilled water thereof being often times drunken doth 〈◊〉 roughly heale burning and tertian agues Pearcestone is sowen in a drie and sandie soile and craueth to be much 〈◊〉 euen from the beginning he that desireth the seed must let the hearbe grow to 〈◊〉 perfection and afterward to drie the seed as corne is dried It may be preserued in salt and vinegar after the manner of purcelane and then 〈◊〉 soueraigne for the difficultie of vrine for the jaundise and to breake the stone to proâ—â—uoke vvomens termes and to stirre vp ones appetite if it be vsed in the beginning 〈◊〉 meat For want of such as is pickled in vinegar you may make the decoction of 〈◊〉 leaues roots and seeds in Wine for to vse in the same disease CHAP. XVII Of Marigolds MArigolds haue not need of any great ordering for they grow in 〈◊〉 fields and in any ground that a man will neither doe they 〈◊〉 to 〈◊〉 sowen euerie yeare for being once sowen they afterward grow of theâ— selues and beare flowers in the Calends of euery moneth of the yere 〈◊〉 in Sommer as in Winter for which cause the Italians call them the flower of all 〈◊〉 moneths To be short the place where they haue once beene sowen can hardly 〈◊〉 of them If they be neuer to little husbanded and cut many times they will beare 〈◊〉 faire â—lowers and verie great but yet euer more in Autumne than in the Spring The juice of the
principally in that which is moist Neither the one nor yet the other doth beare any seed as Writers record notwithstanding it hath beene tried that the male beareth seed and that it cleaueth to the hindermost part of the leaues but yet so little that hardly can a man see it and which cannot be acknowledged or gathered but in the end of Iulie which is the time when it is ripe for to gather it you must cut the leafe neere vnto the root and then hang them vp in your house spreading a linnen cloth vnder them or else some faire cleane white paper I know well that the common sort doe verily thinke and auerre that this seed cannot be gathered but on the night of the wakes of S. Iohn in Sommer and that more is not without great ceremonies and mumbling and muttering of many words betweene the teeth which haue power to driue away Deuills which haue the custodie of the same seed but all this is nothing but fables The decoction thereof is good to prouoke womens termes to cast out the dead child to kill wormes and some doe vse it to heale the frettings or hurts that may be in the fundament fallen downe but especially the female Hearbe Two-pence so called because the leaues resemble small peeces of siluer requireth no great peece of husbandrie about it saue onely that it would haue a moist ground The whole hearbe either in decoction or powder but especially the water thereof distilled in a limbecke is verie singular good for the falling downe of the fundament Fleawort being called of the Latines Psyllium craueth a verie fat well manured and batled ground for else there will no good come of it The seed prepared in forme of a Mucilage and applied in vinegar doth kill the wild fire and teâ—â—er applied vnto the head or brows it taketh away the paine thereof it taketh away also the rednesse of the eyes being applyed thereunto The distilled water is of infinite goodnesse seruing in the paynes of the eyes two or three drops thereof onely being dropt into them This hearbe requireth a verie fat place well manured and tilled likewise we see it grow aboundantly in vineyards and grounds for Wheat and Barlie The leaues are verie singular good for the opening of the liuer and cleansing away of adust humours and this also is the cause why physitians prescribe it with whay in scuruie scabbie and itchie cases and where the leprosie is The juice thereof is good to cleere bleared eyes Ground-swell groweth in euerie ground and without any great care we see if grow likewise neere vnto walls and vpon the townes walls it is greene all the yere and flourisheth as it were in euerie moneth and this is the cause why the Italians call it euerie moneths flower Some thinke that Ground-swell distilled is verie singular good for the Whites in women but beleeue it not before you find it true by proofe for I haue obserued by often vse that this hearbe whether in decoction or otherwise prouoketh the termes that are stayed Birt-wort as well the long as the round must be planted in a fat and fertile soyle such as that where Wheat is sowne and Oliue trees planted Their roots amongst other alâ—â—ost inâ—inite vertues cause womens courses purge the lungs cause spitting cure the cough and prouoke vrine which more is if either of them be taken in drinke especially the round one made in powder with Pepper and Myrrhe it driueth forth the after-birth the dead conception and all other superfluities gathered in the Matrix it doth the like being applied in forme of a Mother suppositorie It purgeth all obstructions of the liuer and easeth all manner of colicke or other griefes which proceed from windie causes it is soueraigne against all manner of poyson or any other infection it cleanseth the bloud and by rubbing the gummes therewith it preserueth the teeth from rotting Centaurie or the gall of the earth aswel the great as the smal desireth a fat ground that is fruitfull and well tilled and yet in such a ground they thriue not well without the great care and industrie of the Gardener Their root in decoction juice or powder moueth womens termes and prouoketh vrine expelleth the dead child purgeth â—legmaticke humors which cause the sciatica openeth the obstructions of the liuer and spleene killeth the wormes profiteth and helpeth palsies convulsions and diseases of the sinews it cleareth the sight and taketh away all mistinesse from them especially the juice dropt into the eyes doth heale their fresh and new wounds and siccatriceth old and maligne vlcers Woodbind craueth no great tilling or husbanding for it groweth euerie where and in what place soeuer it listeth It is true that it desireth greatly to be neere broome hedges and also the borders of fields The fruit of Woodbind drunke with Wine the space of fortie daies taketh away the obstructions of a hard and indurat spleene it purgeth out vrine with such force as that the tenth day the vrine becommeth all bloudie it helpeth women in their child-birth the leaues in decoction or distilled doe heale wounds and filthie vlcers wipe away the spots and scarres of the bodie and of the face Pimpernel hath red and blew flowers and craueth a moist and shadowed ground so likewise we see it grow in the shadows of hedges and bushes Pimpernell with the red flowers stampe and applied vnto the eyes or the juice thereof dropt within them taketh away the inflammations dimnesâ—e and vlcers of the eyes and healâ—th the inflammations of the secret parts Pimpernell with the blew flower boyled with salt and water is a verie good and proper medicine to cure the itch or scurfe and the lice or wormes in the hands if you wash them oâ—t therewith Buckwheat is a verie common hearbe and yet but little knowne by his name it is verie ordinarie in corne and tilled grounds about haruest time The Peasants of Champaigne doe commonly call it Veluote because in my judgement the leaues are hairie which name I mind not to change but rather to keepe for the easier knowing of the hearbe They make vse of it by applying it if at any time in shearing they happen to cut themselues with their sickles For to know it better therefore than onely by the name it putteth forth from the root fiue sixe seuen or eight small branches for the most part layed along vpon the earth of the length of a hand and sometime of a foot bearing leaues somewhat like vnto the little bindweed but indeed they be lesse and more round verie hairie and a little fattie The flower is small and of diuers colours drawing verie neere vnto a pale yellow but in greatnesse it commeth neâ—re vnto the flower of eyeâ— bright but in shape and fashion vnto the nettle slower The water of the leaues and branches distilled whiles it is in force in a Limbeck in Maries-bath is singular
And for this cause some make Sage Wine for 〈◊〉 drinke and a fomentation with the decoction of Sage for the trembling of the 〈◊〉 and other parts It comforteth the mother being taken in a fume at the secret 〈◊〉 by such fume it also stayeth the whites Such as cannot beare their conception 〈◊〉 their time but miscarrie vpon slight causes must oftentimes in the morningeat 〈◊〉 Sage leaues for they strengthen the retentiue facultie keepe aliue and strengthen 〈◊〉 child and make women verie fruitfull And this is the cause why the Egyptian◠〈◊〉 a great mortalitie constrained their wiues to drinke the iuice of Sage with a little 〈◊〉 keeping themselues foure daies from hauing to doe with their husbands and then 〈◊〉 to lye with them that so they might conceiue and bring forth manie children To stirre vp appetite and cleanse the stomacke full of ill humours Sage 〈◊〉 be vsed oftentimes in pottage and otherwise it assuageth the paine of the head 〈◊〉 cleanseth the teeth and gummes it maketh a sweet breath being boyled in wine 〈◊〉 distilled water thereof doth cleare the sight the conserue of the flowers of Sage 〈◊〉 the like vertues Oake of Ierusalem called of the Latines Botrys craueth a drie and sandi◠〈◊〉 or else a watrie ground but such a one as is sandie or grauellie We behold it also 〈◊〉 and then to grow in swift running Brookes Being once sowne it needeth not 〈…〉 sowne againe afterward for it groweth againe euerie yeare and that as it were in 〈◊〉 of a shrub It hath vertues much like vnto Thyme that is to say it is goodâ—â—gainst the suppression of the termes and vrine Being dried and laid in 〈◊〉 it giueth a verie good smell vnto the garments and keepeth them from 〈…〉 decoction thereof with Licorice is wonderfull good for such as haue a short 〈◊〉 and are â—â—uffed in their lungs if you put thereto a little Sugar or syrrup of 〈◊〉 â—ea and furthermore to such as spit matter vpon no other penaltie but that it be vâ—ed a long time The hearbe parched vpon a hot tyle and besprinkled with Malmeâ—ey and applyed vnto the bsllie asswageth the pains of the matrix yea and more too â—f you adde thereunto the leaues of Mugwort and the flowers of Cammomile all friâ—â—d with oyle of Lillies and the yolke of an egge Horehound called in Latine Marrubium or Prassium as well the blacke 〈◊〉 the white groweth in euerie ground but rather in an vntilled than in a tilled ground you may also see it grow neere vnto walls hedges wayes and borders of fields 〈◊〉 is â—rue that the wild deâ—ireth wattie places as ditches little riuers moist and low plaâ—es It is verie good in decoction for the cough and difficultie of breath because it cleanseth the lungs and causeth spitting it prouoketh womens termes and bringâ—th â—orth the after-birth Sea Romane and common Wormewood is not so much sowne or set because of his smell as for the profit that it bringeth vnto the health The Romane groweth in a sandie ground the Sea-Wormewood groweth in a salt and ashiâ— ground â—he common in hillie stonie drie and vntilled grounds for to set them you must writhe the roots Wormwood amongst other his vertues almost infinite and admirable doth especially comfort the stomach laden with cholericke humours but not the stomach oppressed with flegmaticke humors and for that cause there is a Wine made of Wormwood and called by the same name The decoction of dogs-grasse his roots and the crops of Wormewood doe heale the Iaundise The conserue of the crops made of a pound thereof and three pounds of Sugar doth cure the old inâ—eterate and desperate dropsie if it be oftentimes vsed after purging it doth preserue likewise from drunkennesse It is an antidote in case a man haue â—aten venimous Mushromes or taken downe any other venime especially the Hemlocke as also in bitings and stingings of Spideâ—s and other venimous beasts The juice mingled with the kernells of Peaches doth kill the Wormes The leaues made into ashes and mingled with oile of Roses doth make the haire blacke The leaues layed in Wardrobes doe keepe the garments and doe driue away Flies and Gnats Southernewood groweth best being planted of roots or shoots for it doth not so well being sowne of seed It cannot abide much cold nor much heat and therefore it must be planted in some such place of the garden as is temperate The seed the weight of a French Crowne stampt with some of the leaues in white Wine adding thereto an old Nut and a little Bole-Armoniacke all being stâ—ayned and drunke is a singular drinke against the Plague and all manner of poyson The crops of the tops of the leaues and the flowers being beaten and stampt in oyle and made into the forme of a liniment doe serue to shift off the shiuerings of agues if so be that the soles of the feet and verebres of the backe oâ— him that hath the ague be rubbed therewith Southernwood taken inward or applied outward doth kill wormes in young children It is true that Galen for biddeth the taking of it at the mouth because it is an enemie to the stomach Rosemarie loueth chiefly a reasonable sat ground it groweth in any ayre but best by the Sea sides and thereupon it beaâ—eth his name It must be planted in the Spring and Autumne of roots on braunches writhen and see fast in the earth and that in a warme place or at the least lying open vpon the Sunne and not such a place as is verie moist or subject vnto the Northernâ— vvind because this plane can hardly endure the cold and therefore it must be planted vpon the South vader some wall and the good time of planting or it is when it will pricke and then you must take off the small young sprigs and set them three inches vvithin the earth making the earth fast and close vnto them aboue or else of some part of the most leauie branches therof which being afterward helped by making the ground light doth spread and continue fresh hauing no need to be watered except at the verie time of setting of it if the ground be 〈◊〉 and yet notwithstanding if it be watered it will prosper the better and flourish the more So long as it is young it would be diligently weeded and picked it requireth no dung but onely a good mould and to be compassed 〈◊〉 the root with good earth The lees of Wine and the scraps broken off from 〈◊〉 layd at the foot thereof doe cause it to grow maruellously There are two 〈◊〉 Rosemarie the one bearing seed and the other not Some plant it for food 〈◊〉 vnto Hiues because it flowreth betimes and for that the Bees doe greatly delighâ—◠〈◊〉 it and by it doe better continue in health as also make better honey than thâ—se which feed not vpon it at all The flowers of
gladly accepteth the watering of hiâ— roots with the lees of old red Wine strained Note likewise that seeing of one Date stone alone there will hardly grow vp any Date-tree bearing sufficient bignesse in the bole and bodie to carrie and 〈◊〉 the weight of the head it will be good to put and ioyne together two or three 〈◊〉 stones sowed vp in a Linnen cloth in such sort as that the sharpe sides may behold one another and so to set them for by this ioyning of two or three together your tree may come by a bodie sufficient big to beare the head Not further that if you would haue the female Date tree to beare fruit that then you must plant it neere vnto a male Date tree and not one onely but manie if it be possible because the neere standing of the one vnto the other causeth that the vertue of the male is conueyed and imparted vnto the female and that by the commixtion made by the wind from 〈◊〉 ariseth aboundance of fruit But and if you haue not the meanes to plant manie 〈◊〉 Date trees neere vnto the female it will be sufficient if you doe but touch the male oftentimes with your hand and then afterward lay the same hand vpon the femaleâ— or you must gather oâ— the flowers of the top oâ— the male or of the mosâ—e of the male and sprinkle the same vpon the female Eat but as â—ew Dates as you can for they make obstructions in the liuer and spleene and are also of hard digestion and 〈◊〉 the head-ach The Pine-tree groweth chiefely of a kernell which must be planted in October or Nouember in warme places or in cold places in Februarie or in March or about the fall of the apple or a little after and that in pits well digged and which haâ—e lyen vntilled and vnoccupied a gâ—od time the apple must not be broken by force of an yron thing to get out the kernels which must lie in steepe three dayes before hand and seuen of them set together and that fiue fingers deepe onely when they are growne vp you must not be too hastie to remoue them because they take 〈…〉 but in long time and verie hardly nay they cannot abide at all to be transplanted without their great hurt and hinderance but yet when time may serue to transplant them in any câ—se beware that you doe not hurt their roots especially the principall and thickest ones The Pine-tree groweth chiefely and thrâ—ueth best vpon high mountaines and places that are open vnto the wind still regard being had that the place where they shall be planted be as carefully husbanded and tilled as if it 〈◊〉 for to beare and bring forth wheat It will continue the longer time if the barke 〈◊〉 oft taken from it because that vnder the barke certaine little wormes do breed whiâ—â— fret and destroy the wood The distilled water of new Pine-kernells â—â—ake away the wrinckles of the face and diminish the breasts that are too great and swagging if there be laid vnto 〈…〉 clothes dipped â—n this water as oft as you can this water also is singular good to draw narrower the secret parts of women being too much distended and enlarged and to cure them of all manner of rheumes and distillations but yet their juice â—s more effectuall for these matters than the distilled water Pineapples are a meat of verie easie nourishment â—nd for that cause are verie good for such as arâ—troubled with the cough for them which are in a consumption and such as are sicke of an hectâ—cke â—euer but they must haue beene sâ—â—â—pt sometime in Rosewater to take away their acrimonie sharpnesse and oylie substance it is true that they be hard to digest and therefore to such as are cold of nature you must giue them with home and to those which are hot with sugar to helpe out with the hardneâ—â—e of their digestion They are good for such as haue the palsey for ach in the sinews and backe for heat of the vrine and gnawing of the stomach taken with the juice of Purslaine Figges being one of the best fruits we haue according to the ground and plant whereof they come are either more or lesâ—e sweet and sauorie and this commeth of the ayre as it is tempered with heat cold or a milder temper or else in respect of the moisture and drinesse of the grounds their fatnesse and leannesse their roughnesâ—e or smoothnesâ—e their sâ—â—ngth or gentlenesse and easinesse their stoâ—â—nesse or being without stones or their scituation amongst some old ruines and rotten stone walls for in respect of all these it falleth out that there are great diuersitie of figges as hauing some great some small some round some sharpe pointed some white some blacke some greene and some gray So that this tree loueth to be in places standing open vpon the Sunne and therewithall rockie or clayie stonie or mixt much with lyme neere vnto walls or old ruines yea within the verie walls being 〈◊〉 or halfe fallen downe especially that which beareth little figges verie sweet and white ones such as are those of Marâ—â—â—llis for such a figge-tree delighteth in a drie and grauelly place as on the contrarie the figge-tree that bringeth forth great lesse sweet and reddish figs desireth a fat and well manured ground It thriueth and prosperâ—th in a hot and tâ—mperate aire so that the ground be somewhat moist for this tree is verie daintie and quickly wronged and injured by frosts broken downe by winds and made thin and leane by drought by the which the fig will sooner be ouerthâ—owne and spoyled than the Mulberrie They are easily hurt by Frosts Mists and great Cold wherefore they must be planted in the Spring when Frosts are past vpon the South or East quarter in great deepe and well-digged pits of shootes and boughes of two yeares growth being faire and round ones and full of knots for these are most fruitfull And to cause them the better to take root you shall take away their barke at the nether end of the stemme about halfe a foot and yet leauing it notwithstanding fastened thereunto that so the said barke may turne into â—ootes It may in like manner be sowne of figges layd in steepe and bound about with small lines and then afterward planted in that manner and watered often and diligently but it would suâ—e better if it were grafted vpon a Plumme tree or Almond tree for so it continueth a great deale longer But whether it be planted or grafted it must not be much watred for aboundance of water corrupteth the naturall beautie of the figge-tree and maketh them verie subiect to rot It would be a great deale better to make them grow faire and become fruitfull to thrust the plant into a wild Garlick called in Latine Squilla and better in English Sea-Onion or else to steepe it in Brine or to set it round about with Oxe dung or with vnquencht Lime And to keepe and guard them
cleanse the faces of young girles and taketh away red pimples iâ— the same as also other manner of spots like vnto them Likewise the iuice of 〈◊〉 distilled in a Limbeck besides that it helpeth and polisheth the countenances of women is furthermore good to take away out of the face and other parts of the bodie all white Spots Warts and other such like things The iuice of a Limon is of such vertue that if you straine it twice or thrice and then wash in it whole Pearles and afterward sâ—eepe them in it and after lay them in the Sunne within fiue or six daies they will become so soft as honey so that you may make anie shape with them that you will Furthermore the iuice of Limons is so corrasiue as that if you steepe in it a piece of Gold some certaine houres you shall find it diminished and become light and as much will fall out if you sticke a piece of Gold in a Limon See more of 〈◊〉 matter in the third Booke The flowers of Oranges are preserued with Honey or Sugar and those are verie cordiall therewith likewise is made a very precious water of rare and singular sweetnesse which is called the water of Nafe Pomegranate trees craue a hot or temperate ayre for they cannot beare fruit 〈…〉 cold Countrey and albeit their fruit be of one of these three tasts as sweet sowre 〈◊〉 both sweet and sowre notwithstanding all manner of Pomegranates doe craue 〈◊〉 and the same ayre ground and manner of ordering They maintaine themselues 〈◊〉 good state in all manner of ground whether it be far or strong or grauellie or 〈◊〉 or sandie foreseene that the sand be somewhat grosse and moist They refuse not 〈◊〉 situation of anie ground be it hill valley or plaine yea they refuse not to grow well in stonie drie and rough grounds for a little nourishment doth content them And for these causes they need not to be so carefully husbanded as the former and 〈◊〉 rather because they will grow if they be but prickt downe and doe well beare either to be planted or grafted Further if you will take the paines to picke and 〈◊〉 them whiles they are young and in due time the fruit will be a great deale the bigger and of a better fashion but it must be looked so that they be planted vpon 〈◊〉 South Sunne but neuer vpon the East nor yet vpon the West for this quarter doth most hurt them as well as the Vine Note notwithstanding that the young branches which you shall cut off from them must be taken when the tree hath put forth his buds and not before which is contrarie to the branches of other trees as also that the siâ—nces with barke and all be of the thicknesse of the helue of a knife And before that you plant them you must make sure and close both ends of them and annoint them with Swines dung which is more familiar vnto them than anie other and then lay them ouerthwart or crosse in the earth they delight in a ground that is noâ— leane nor moist but indifferent fat and they grow the more easily and faire if there be planted and set by them the Sea Onion or especially some Mulberrie tree The time to plant them is from after March vntill May betwixt the same times it is good to graft them vpon themselues but to better successe vpon the Myrtle tree wherein they delight greatly The Citron tree the Willow and the Mulberrie tree are not so good howsoeuer that sometimes they may be grafted vpon them The manner of grafting them is to put into the bodie of the tree the graft of the Pomegranate tree so soone as euer it shall be cut off from it and after to poure vpon it some oyle and to plaster and couer it with earth and as concerning the graft it must be taken from the Pomegranate tree after it hath budded after the same manner that we haue said of the branches Furthermore the craue to be often watred when the Sunne is in Libra Pomegranate trees by mightie raines excessiue dewes and great fogges doe easily loose their flowers and fruits before it be ripe but to preuent this mischiefe they would be planted neere vnto some wall and haue their boughes bowed downward to the end they may not so easily take wet which is so noysome vnto them They endure clefts and chaps in their bodies without anie danger and therein they are like vnto the Figge-tree and Vine If the Pomegranate tree bring forth sowre or scarce sweet fruit you must water the roots thereof with Swines dung and mans dung mixt with old vrine or temper a little Beniamine with wine and therewith to bath and wash the top of the tree or to spread vpon the roots Asses dung and after to couer them and water them with mans vrine The seeds of the Pomegranate will be white if the roots of the tree be compassed about with Potters and Fullers clay and one fourth part of Plaâ—ster for the space of three yeares The barren Pomegranate tree will become fruitfull if the bodie thereof be often washed with ashes and lees The Pomegranates will become red if the roots of the Pomegranate trees be often watered with lee or couered with the ashes of Acornes The Pomegranate will grow grosse and thicke if you put much Swines dung at the foot of the tree againe looke how much more of this dung you put there by so much the more sweet will the great sowre ones become Pomegranates will haue no seedes if you take away the greater part of the sappe of the boughes of the tree and lay them in the ground all shiuered and after that they haue take cut that part of the Plant which spreadeth furthest and hath alreadie put forth his buds Pomegranate trees will be fruitfull if you stampe Purâ—â—aine and Spurge together and therewith annoint the bodie of the tree Pomegranates will not breake nor open vpon the tree if there be three stones put at the root of the tâ—ee when it is planted but and if the tree be alreadie planted then neere vnto the tree roots you must plant the Sea Onion But indeed all these helpes and such other doe but little preuaile and therefore it were better to plant or graft them onely which will not bring forth a fruit that will breake when it commeth to ripenesse The Pomegranate tree will not fall his flowers it the roots be watred euerie yeare thrice with old vrine mixt with as much water Pomegranates will keepe and continue if you dip them in faire warme water and take them out again by and by or else if you put them apart in drie sand or in a heape of corne in the shadow so long as till they become wrinkled but yet better if when they be ripe and yet hanging vpon the tree you wrythe the small bough a little
leueâ— to knead their crust withall the hardned froth of beere which because it is windy and flatuous doth make the bread light as it were full of eies The grounds of beere doth serue to polish and scoure brasen vessell if they beâ— laid to steepe therein some certaine time The end of the fifth Booke THE SIXTH BOOKE OF THE COVNTRIE HOVSE The Vine CHAP. I. Of the profit rising of a well dressed Vine and Vineyard HItherto wee haue intreated of the husbanding tilling ordering and dressing of garden plots orchards and arable ground it now remaineth that we speake of the vine wherupon for certaintie dependeth the greatest part of the reuenues and riches of a house-holder howsoeuer many make small account of the vine and do more esteeme to haue possession of meadowes pasture woods and other grounds than to stand to the reuenues growing by vines in as much as for the most part they yeeld not the fruit which may recompence the charges laid out about them But for all this the vine is not to be discredited seeing this is not the fault of the ground but of the people that till it and either for couetousnesse or ignorance or negligence offend in the tilling thereof It is true that the husbanding and ordering of the vine is chargeable painefull and a matter of great care by reason of the tendernesse of the wood which being well considered may seeme to haue come to passe by a speciall prouidence of God directing the same and making it so weake tender and feeble to the end that this plant might not serue for any other thing than to bring forth the excellent and pretious liquor of wine which is so needfull for the sustentation and life of man for if it were fit for any thing else as the wood of other trees is it would be imployed and wine thereby would become a great deale more deere than it is The greatest part of vine dressers do not esteeme in what ground the vine be planted but do make choice of the worst quarter in all the country as if the worst ground and that which is good for nothing else were the best to plant vines in Others haue not the iudgement to know and chuse their plants and for that cause doe oftentimes plant their vineyards with such young vines as are nought Againe many hauing no respect of the time to come do in such sort order and dresse the vine as if they thought to liue but an houre burdening and loading it with so many branches and shootes for propagation and leauing vpon it so much wood as that it cannot prosper any long time Others although they know the way to order and dresse it well do yet continually omit certain courses and seasons as being more busily imployed about their own profit than their maisters wel-fare Likewise I would alwaies aduise the Lord of our countrie farme that hee would not altogether commit the care and charge of his vineyard vnto his farmer but that he himselfe would lay the chiefe burthen about it vpon himselfe for as the masters eie maketh the horse fat so the carefull industrie of the Lord or chiefe owner maketh the field fruitfull and to beare great store of increase and for that likewise the owner and Lord of the vine will not onely spare it better but also see that it bee not defrauded of any such toile and labour as it requireth contrarie for the most part to the practise of such as are but secondarily interesâ—ed in such matters the vine being such a peece of inheritance as wherein euerie small fault committed doth draw after it great losse and such as oftentimes cannot bee remedied or repaired but by supplanting what is done and replanting it a new And that it is no otherwise but iust so marke and see if euer you heare the Guespines of Orleance or the Beaâ—uoies and those of the duchie of Burgundie which haue large grounds imployed in vineâ—yards to complaine themselues of their vines and that because themselues take the whole care and reserue the principall ouersight vnto themselues On the contrary the Parisians haue no other complaints or agreeuances to talke of but of their vines and that because they credit deceitfull and ignorant workemen to sway the worke whose couetousnesse ignorance and negligence is for the most part of the cause that they reape not the fruit of their vines in such plentifull manner as they should or at the least that the fruit which they doe reape is not so durable as it would And this you must thinke that vines will yeeld a larger reuenue a great deale than gardens or other areable grounds if they bee well and diligently husbanded for there are few arpents of vines to be found which yeeld not euery yeare one yeare helping another ten or twelue tuns of wine which is a great reuenue and yet remaineth vnreckoned a great benefit and auailes which may be made of small plants and impes which may be gathered to transport or transplant into any other place which will easily amount to more than will satisfie and aunswere all the costs and charges which are laid out any maner of way about the vines wherefore either the reuenue rising of such plants by sale or the hope of the vintage and gathering of wine must be the spur to pricke forward the master of this our countrie farme to looke to the ordering and dressing of the vines himselfe CHAP. II. What soile and aire the vine doth most delight in THe vine groweth not but in certaine places that are fit and naturall for it which is a thing to be accounted of by vs so much the more excellent because the speciall propertie of this plant is more commended by men than any other in respect of the good it ministreth which iâ— that in such places as it groweth in the men are found to be more strong and mightie by the vse of it than other men are which for want of it are forced to vse other drinkes As concerning the soile to plant it in there must two things be considered the qualitie of the ground where it is to be planted and the disposition and inclination of the aire which ruleth in that place As concerning the qualitie of the ground you shall chuse such a one as is not very churlish and close neither yet very lighâ— and open but yet of the two more inclining vnto a small mould and open ground neither leane nor very fat yet somewhat the rather inclining to the fat not champion nor a very plaine and flat and yet in such grounds there grow more wine neither very stiffe and straight but rather somewhat raised than otherwise that so it may bee the better aided and succoured by the fauourable beames of the Sunne neither driâ— nor moist and watrish because that in such kind of ground the vine continueth not long neither doth it bring forth good wine but such as is quickely perished and yet
fine and in tast very pleasing vnto the palaâ—e and therefore eagerly â—ought after for the vse of Kings Princes and great Lords being yet therewithall such wines as the Greekes call Oligophora and will not admit the mixture of much water The wines of Isancy are of a middle consistence and red of colour when they are come to their ripenes they proue strong and noble wines in so much as that you may iustly compare them in goodnesse with the wines of Neraâ— notwithstanding they be so highly esteemed of and had in request for great personages The wines of Orleance are set in the first ranke and chiefe place for goodnesse and perâ—ection amongst all the wines of France Such are red for the most part of a middle consistence betwixt thicke and thinne of a good tast strong and profitable for the stomach and inward parts They heate more without comparison and more nourish the bodie than any French wines as few excepted as the wines of Coussy and Seure But in the meane time they fill the head and hurt the braine more than any other if you continue the vse of them any long time especially in such as haue a weake braine and are subiect to cause many distillations as also in those which are subiect to inflammations of the lungs and disposed by their bodily constitution to fall into pleurisies yea these vvines are worse than any other for gowtie folke as also for such as are troubled with agues and others which haue their principall and inward parts of a hot and drie constitution and to them that are troubled with the diseases of the skinne as the itch leprosie benummednesse tettars wild fire scabs and others such like But on the contrarie they are most apt for and best agreeing with natures and diseases that are cold and mooued of cold causes in swounes and faintnesse comming of aboundant and excessiue euacuation by too much vse of vvomen vvatching or other such like causes and in like manner of them which languish vpon cold and long diseases And thus much of that which wee can iudge to be in the vvines of Orleance For as in other Countries and Soiles so likewise in the grounds about Orleance the earth doth naturally engender diuers qualities and faculties in wine For amongst others such as are yellowish claret and bright cleare are accounted the excellentest and best of all such are they which grow and are gathered neere vnto Orleance in the boroughes of Sainctay S. Hillaries Chappell S. Mesmain the long of the Loyre or at Checy Those which grow at the village of S. de Bouc are in good sooth all of them right noble and excellent vvines but somewhat of a more grosâ—e and râ—ddish consistence vvhich is the cause that they come not to their best till about Easter The weakest and feeblest are those of Liuet S. Gy and Nigray vvhich yet are more healthfull for such as liue idly and follow their studie than the vvines vvhich are stronger At Paris wee account for very precious those vvhich are brought vs from Messay vvhich although they be farre behind in goodnesse and perfection vnto the best vvines of Orleance because they are of a thicke consistence and cost not much notwithstanding seeing that by transportation and carriage they become thinner and more ripe they are the better accounted of of the Marchants Such as grow neere the Abbey of Neighbours are cousin germans and much alike to the vvines of Messay The vvhite vvines of Orleance doe surrender and partly giue ouer the praise vnto French vvhite vvines vvhich is the cause that they are transported but as little as may be out of the Countrey The vvines of Lourye which doe tast somewhat sweet are accounted the chiefe of all the rest in that place as likewise those of Rebechi The vvines of Aniou such of them as are good are in a manner all of them white and sweet and for the most part temperate or hot and drie when the temperature of the yeare falleth out hot and drie strong noble and mightie in such sort as that amongst all French vvines they keepe the first place for goodnesse All the while they are sweet thick and vnconcocted they swell the stomacke and the â—lankes stoppe the veines swell the noble parts and prouoke thirst especially in cholericke natures and sometimes also they loosen the belly But when as through their working and boyling vp they haue cast out all their drosse and dregges and that they are become sufficiently ripe concocted and digested that is to say in their middle age vvhich they attaine vnto the second yeare as then they become faire bright and cleare as also very pleasant so hauing lost their ill qualities mentioned before they get such qualities powers and vertues as are altogether contrarie vnto those which they had at such time as they were sweet and of a grosse consistence for they become easily concocted quickly piercing sufficiently prouoking vrine and causing to spit aboundantly When the yeare falleth cold and rainie the most part of the vvines of Aniou become raw and greenish as by experience wee plainely saw in the yeares 1576. and 1577. When the yeare is hot and drie the wines growing in Aniou are strong and mightie and keepe their vertues and qualities entire and whole till they be sixe or seuen yeares old But when the yeare falleth out cold and moist they proue to be of cleane contrarie qualities The vvines of high Normandie I meane not those which are gathered and beaten downe with poles doe somewhat resemble the French vvines vvhen the yeares fall seasonable and keepe their naturall temperature such for the most part are of a yellow colour but not continuing so any long time they by and by loose their force which is the cause that they are easily digested and quickly distributed and carried along all the veines vvithout annoying the braine any whit in as much as they be not strong or mightie but oligophorous But when the yeares fall out cold and moist the greatest part of them will not keepe well because they be greene and that in such sort as that their greenenesse cannot be concocted and digested by reason of the weakenesse of their heat and therefore it behoueth to drinke them in the beginning of the first yeare The vvines which grow in Compiegne and other parts of Picardie are of the same consistence qualitie and vertue that those of Normandie are and therefore deserue not to be much set by or desired but when others are wasting The Countries of Guyenne send vs varietie of vvines The best of them are those which grow about Nerac vvhich come very neere vnto the goodnesse of the French vvines of Cousâ—y which by reason of their russet colour are called in the Countrey Rusâ—eâ— vvines in the number whereof are contained the red vvines or sad and light red They nourish sufficient aboundantly but in that they make obstructions and
so soone as the Doe is emptie and deliuered of her young ones euen so soone she is full againe of young in such sort as that she bringeth forth young euery moneth in the yeare yea and being great with young she letteth not to take the Bucke and to continue a second burden which she bringeth forth afterward in due time So as that this fruitfulnesse in conies hath become so admirable vnto many as that some haue vpon too slender grounds thought and beleeued that the Bucke shoold conceiue aud become great with young aswell as the Doe which is very false and altogether contrarie to all naturall course in the action of generation seeing that by natures course it is ordained that the female only amongst beasts should conceiue and ingâ—nder and not the male After that the young ones are growne somewhat great and become able to leaue their dams you shall carrie them into the Warren for to store it therewith and so let them grow wild otherwise if you keepe them shut vp and fast inclosed in the clapper with their dams they will become tame and alwaies continue as it were slumbring and heauie like vnto those which are continually shut vp in clappers made for the purpose and so will haue a grosser and more vnpleasant flesh And yet notwithstanding you must beware not to put abroad into your Warren the old clapper conies either males or females for seeing they haue not had their free swing to run abroad as those of the Warren and haue not learned to saue themselues from dangers and violences offred them by foxes and other such wild beasts they would bee by and by deuoured so that thereupon it seemes better to containe and continue them still in their accustomed clapper Conies in the clapper are to be sed with colâ—worts lettuses groundsell clarie succorie sowthistle â—arragon thistles cich pease oats barely and bran mingled together and other such like things as we haue spoken of heretofore In some countries they feed them with mans bloud such as is to be come by when sicke persons are let bloud but such manner of feeding of them is starke naught and maketh their flesh vnsauorie in eating and very preiudiciall vnto health And surely to speake the truth there is no food that a man can bind a conie to 〈◊〉 which is wholesome for them because they are beasts which aboue all other desire freedome of feeding and to make choice of their owne meat Whence it comes that the tame conie is nothing so pleasant to eat as the wild but is of a much ranker taste and most easie to be discerned CHAP. III. How the Conies in a Warren ought to be handled and ordered ALthough the hauing of a clapper be very necessarie for the storing of a warren againe and againe as we haue said before notwithstanding for need one may leaue off all vse of the clapper and so without any further charge or expences content himselfe with putting a certaine number of conies both males and females into his warren of them to haue sufficient store by encrease of young ones True it is that they are not so fruitfull nor of such plentifull encrease and therefore the warren will not be so soone stored by them for they being accustomed to the warren become more sauage and strange but lesse giuen to engender and thereupon it commeth that the Does of the warren bring forth young ones onely thrice or foure times a yeare and those that are kept in house-clappers once euerie moneth But howsoeuer it be if you find it more for your profit to furnish your warren with store after this later manner it will be sufficient for six dozen of Does to put in nine Bucks hauing more regard and consideration still vnto the Does than to the Bucks to spare them if at any time you would take any Their feeding shall be no otherwise than hath alreadie beene mentioned and yet notwithstanding besides that manner of feeding if you would haue great store of conies in your vvarren and that they should be to sufficiently fed as that they should become fat it will be good to sowe an acre of ground or two with Barly or Oats not for to make any further haruest of them than that which they shall leaue vneaten You must haue a speciall care that they feed vpon good nourishment because their flesh in like manner as the flesh of Partridges doth retaine the smell and sauour of that whereupon they feed as for example of Iuniper if their vvaren be full of Iuniper and so semblably of other things If you see any conie-hole stopt with hay or straw or such other like thing doe not vnstop it but content your selfe onely to obserue it and to gesse that there are young ones vvithin vvhich the dam nourisheth for this is the manner of the Doe that from the time that she hath kindled vvhether it be in a house clapper or in a vvarren shee shutteth stoppeth vp her hole with hay straw or some other grasse such as shee can gather together and to no other end but that the Bucke may not find her yong ones or goe into her hole vvhere if hee should once come hee would eat vp all her young ones this thing being assuredly and vndoubtedly conceiued of the Doe whether she be in her hole or else goe forth to feed she stoppeth her earth and if so be that at her returne she find the mouth of her hole neuer so little vnstopt she her selfe will by and by kill her young ones hauing taken opinion that the Bucke is gone in thither And this is the cause why good hunters will neuer put their ferret into any earth vvhose mouth they see stopt for feare of disquieting the dam and causing of her to kill her young ones True it is that shee doth not keepe her hole euermore shut for at such time as shee knoweth her young ones to be growne great and become strong ynough to seeke their meat and to runne with others shee beginneth to make a little hole for them to issue and goe out at Furthermore you must not thinke that conies either males or females doe at any time forget their earth be it neuer so farre off for howsoeuer some say that comes haue no memorie notwithstanding they are alwaies mindfull of their hole be they strayed or wandered neuer so farre from the same And this is the reason likewise why some say that a good conie will neuer die out of her earth You must likewise coniecture that the conie is taught by nature to be afraid of the fox as the sheepe of the woolfe which is another case besides his wild and strange nature why when he goeth out of his hole his mind runneth vpon nothing but running thereby forgetting to thinke vpon other conies holes and so of the Does and of the eating of her young ones for although he bee mindfull of his owne earth yet hee taketh no care neither casteth any
at that instant in as much as therein hee shewed a vvillingnesse to haue done the contrarie vpon any occasion if mischance had not beene his hinderance Now for the food vvhich is best for spanyels it is that vvhich is before prescribed for greyhounds as chippings bones and broken crusts of bread scalded in vvater and milke or the heads plucks and entrailes of sheepe boyled with oatmeale yet the setting spanyell vvould for the most part be fedde from the trencher vvith scraps of meat bones bread and such like for by reason that he must be kept much fasting since he cannot hunt but vvhen he is exceeding emptie it is verie fit that he be kept vvith as good as nourishing meat as can be gotten Now to conclude this discourse of hunting dogges you shall vnderstand that there is one other sort of spanyels and they be called vvater-spanyels because they delight onely naturally in the vvater and are imployed for the hunting of Duckes Mallards and all sorts of vvater-fowle they are much larger and bigger bodied than the land-spanyels are and a great deale more strong and Lyon-like made their haire is also verie long rough and thicke curled vvhich sheweth their hard constitution and abilitie to endure the vvater albeit the vveather be neuer so fiercely and bitterly cold They receiue all their vertues from nature and not from instruction and therefore to make any large discourse of them vvere friâ—olous onely for as much as they are verie necessarie to attend the fowler for the fetching of his fowle out of the vvater vvhen they are either lymed or strucken vvith the piece it is meet that they be brought to great obedience that is to say to fetch carrie runne couch and creepe vvhensoeuer a man pleaseth least otherwise out of the franticknesse of their owne natures they scarre away the game vvhilest the fowler is the most busily imployed These dogges are lesse tender than any of the other and therefore any meat vvill serue them neither would they be vsed to any nicenesse because their most imployment is in the Winter season And thus much touching hunting dogges and their gouernments CHAP. XXIII How young hounds are to be trained vp and made fit for the game IT is not yâ—oâ—gh to haue a number of good and faire dogges vvell marked vvith markes declaring both the said qualities for they must ouer and aboue be taught and trained vp for the game Wherefore the huntsman must first bring them to vnderstand the sound of the horne to swim and haunt the vvater that so they may be the more readie and forward to pursue the beast if so be that he should seeke to saue himselfe by any running riuer or standing lake Hee must lead them also once a weeke into the fields but not before the age of sixteene or eighteene moneths for before such age they are not throughly growne and well knit in all their members But especially hee must well aduise to what kind of game he is purposed to vse them as vvhether to course the Hart or the Hinde the wild Bore or the Hare for looke vvhat beasts you first runne them at those will they best remember alwaies especially if there be care had to looke any thing well vnto them You must not course with them in the morning if possibly you can auoid it for hauing beene accustomed to the coolenesse of the morning and comming afterward to the height of the day and feeling therein the heat of the Sunne they will not runne any more You must not put on young dogges the first time within a toile because the beast running altogether round and therefore alwaies in the sight of the dogges so when afterwards they should be brought to runne out of the toile and by that meanes become cast any great distance behind the beast it would be the cause of their giuing ouer and forsaking of the game It shall be for the better to the end they may be the better trained and fitted to put all the young ones together with foure or fiue old ones at such time as you purpose to hunt with them Neither shall you compell your young hounds to make more hast than their owne natures leads them vnto but encouraging them to trust to their owne noses let them take what leysure they please and picke out the sent of themselues that comming truely to vnderstand what they hunt they may be moâ—e perfect and readie in the same vvhereas on the contrarie part being compelled to hunt vp close with the older and swifter hounds they hunt as it were by rote catching the sent here and there and goe away with it both vncertainely and ignorantly and so seldome or neuer prooue staâ—â—che or good hounds It is also verie meete to enter all young hounds at the Hare first because it is the sweetest and coolest of all sents vvhatsoeuer and the hound which will hunt it must necessarily hunt any other hoter sent vvith much more violence for it is a rule That vvhosoeuer can doe the hardest things must forcibly doe things easier with lesse difficultie Therefore first enter your hound as before is said at the Hare least finding a sweetnesse and easinesse of hunting in the hoter sents hee neuer after lay his nose to the cooler CHAP. XXIIII How that the Hart and the place where he haunteth and vseth to lie would be knowne before yee course or hunt him KIngs Princes and great Lords to whom and no others belongeth the coursing of the Hart haue not vsed to course the Hart before they haue learned of their hunts-man vvhat manner of Hart he is young or old and whether he be a faire and great one and such a one as deserueth to be coursed and then afterward where his haunt and lodging is The hunts-man shall know the age and fairenesse of the Hart in respect of others by iudgement of the forme of his foot the largenesse of his tines his dung gate beatings breakings and rubbings The sole of the foot being great and large the heele also being thicke and large the little cleft which is in the middest of the foot being large and open a large legge a thick bone being also short but nothing sharpe and the tippes of his clawes round and thicke are signes of an old Hart. The elder Harts in their gate doe neuer ouer-reach the former foot with the hinder for they tread short of it at the least foure â—ingers but it is not so in young Harts for they in their gate doe ouer-reach and set the hinder foot more forward than the fore-foot after the manner of the ambling Mule The Hinde hath commonly a long foot narrow and hollow with small cutting bones The excrement and dung of Harts is not alike at all times for some is printed othersome vvrythen round and othersome flat and broad and if it be large grosse and thicke it is a signe that they are Harts of tenne tynes that is to say such 〈◊〉 haue
legd than the others The two sorts accompanie not together but they feed of all manner of flesh they doe much harme in warrenâ— especially vnto the young rabbets which are within their nests and are very sweet and daintie but more to pigs and hogs whereof they feed more than of any other flesh they feed also of all sorts of wild flesh as geese hens and such like they are very cold and chil and if they be left in any roome where fire is they will goe lie in it and burne their feet they will liue hardly as also they haue a hard skin they feare their nose notwithstanding very much neither can one giue them euer so little a blow thereupon with a sticke but they die sodainly they are deadly enemies vnto the foxes and oftentimes fight with them CHAP. XXXVII Of two sorts of earth-dogs vsuall course foxes and brockes withall and the manner of teaching and trayning of them thereunto COncerning the hunting of the Foxe and Broke it is to bee performed with earth-dogs which are of two sorts the one hath crooked lege â—nd commonly short haire the other hath straight legs and a shagd haire like water-spannyels those which haue the crooked legs creepe more easily into the earth than the other and they are best for the brocks because they stay long there and keepe better without comming forth Those which haue straight legs serue for two vses because they run as coursing dogs about the ground and also take the earth more boldly then the other but they tarrie not so long because they vexe themselues in fighting with the foxes and brockes whereby they are forced to come forth to take the aire Now if it fall out that the hunts-man haue not earth dogs readie taught hee may traine them in this manner The time to begin to take them in hand must bee when they are betwixt the age of eight and ten moneths for if he will not be brought to take the earth at a yeare old he will scarce euer be able to bee made to take it againe they must not be roughly dealt withall in the time of their training neither so handled as that they may take any hurt of the brockes in the earth because that if they should be beaten or hardly handled they would neuer â—ak the earth more And for that cause it must bee carefully looked vnto that such young trained dogs bee neuer made take the earth where there are any old foxeâ— or brocks but to let them first stay out their yere and be throughly nurtured and furthermore there must some old earth dogs be put in alwaies before them to indure and beare off the furie of the brocke The most conuenient and readiest way to traine them is thus as such times as foxes and brocks haue young ones you must take all your old earth dogs and let them take the earth afterward when they shal begin to stand at an abbaie then must the young ones be brought vnto the mouth of the hole one by one for feare they should beate themselues and there cause them to heare the abbaie When the old brockes or foxes shall be taken and none remaining but their cubs then you must take vp and couple vp all the old earth dogs and after let loose the young ones incouraging them to take the earth and crying vnto them Creepe into them basset creep into them Hou take them take them and when they haue hold of any young brocke or foxe they must bee let alone till they haue strangled him in the burrow or hole taking heed that the earth fall not in vpon them least it might hurt them afterward you must carie all the yong brocks and foxes vnto your lodgings and cause their liuers and the bloud also to bee fried with cheese and fat making them meate thereof and shewing them the head of their wild flesh They may also be trained and taught after another manner as namely you must cause the old brocks and foxes to be taken aliue by the old earth dogs and with pincers fit for the purpose take and breake all the teeth of the neather iaw wherein the great gripers stand not touching the vppermost at all to the end that by it may continually appeare and be seene the rage and furiousnesse of the beastes although they be not able to do any harme therewith at all afterward you shall cast earthes in some meadow plot of sufficient largenesse for the dogs to turne themselues and go in by couples on a brest couering the burrowes afterward with boords and greene turfes this done the brocke must be put in and all the dogs both young and old let slip and incouraged as hath alreadie beene said And when they haue baited him sufficiently you must strike seuen or eight great blowes vpon the side of the hole with a spade to harden and acquaint them therewith against the time when you shall stand in neede to vse deluing then you must take vp the plankes ouer the place where the brocke is taking hold vpon him with pincers killing him before them or else causing him to be stifled by some grey-hound that so there may meat bee made of him for them And you must haue cheese which you must cause to be cast them presently after their wild flesh when it shall be dead and if peraduenture you would not breake all the teeth of the neather iaw of the brocke yet you must cut off all the greater and master teeth that so he may be kept from biting and doing of mischiefe CHAP. XXXVIII The manner of killing of the Foxe AS for the killing of the Foxe it is mâ—ch more easie than that of the Brocke herein especially seeing that after they once scent the dogges which baite them they gather themselues together and rush out vpon the sodaine except it be at such time as the female hath young ones for then they will not forsake them Naturally they are giuen to dig their earths in places that are hard to be digged as in rockes or vnder the roots of trees they haue but one hole but it is both strait and reacheth far Some hunts-men are of opinion and sure it is very likely and credible that the Foxe neuer maketh his owne earth or kennell for though he bee the subtilest of all beastes both touching his owne saftie and the gaining of his pray yet he is nothing laborious or giuen to take paines for any thing but his bellie onely neither hath nature giuen him any especiall instruments for the same vse more than to other mungrell dogges of which he is a kind so that he may scrach or digge vp the earth a little for the hiding or maine couering of his pray but to make such tedious deepe long and winding vaults and in such difficult and tough places is hard to bee coniectured whence it comes that those of better obseruation affirme that the Brocke or Badger or as some call him the
a good way from the place vvhere the Crane is at such time as it beginneth to be day and though he take him nor the first day it is all one for it will be as good in the daies following and especially from after mid Iuly vntill towards the end of October And yet after the mue hee vvill bee better than before but it is not good in the time of Winter Yet to speake truth of the Lanier he taketh more delight to prey vpon the Partridge than vpon any other fowle whatsoeuer because the flight doth not mount much to vvhich he hath no affection He is of so strong and good a constitution that his grease seldome or neuer melteth to his hurt or preiudice neither is he so foolishly ouer-free of courage that he will hurt himselfe with too much violence or paines-taking Whence it comes that his owner can seldome ouer-flye him no though he flye him sixe or seuen â—lights in a morning and for this cause hee is called the Schollers Hawke as being an excellent encourager of young Faulconers and a bird on vvhich vvithout danger they may trie all needefull experiments Thus much of the manner of luring and reclaiming of Hawkes as well in generall as in particular and yet it remaineth that wee speake a word or two concerning the same matter You must vnderstand that all birds of the prey doe serue to flie either vpon riuers or else â—n the fields of which some flie from the fist and that without any spare of this sort is the Goshawke the Sparrow-hawke the Gerfaulcon and the Merlin The others flie on high as namely the Faulcon the Lanier the Sacre and the Hobbie the one of them is called from the flight by holding out the fist vnto them and the other by casting out vnto them the lure that is to say an instrument made after the fashion of two fowles wings coupled together hung at a leash and at the end thereof a tennise-ball or crooke of horne for by these lures the Hawkes are allured thinking them to be liue Hennes This is the destinction of our French Faulconers yet generally it is not so receiued for of other Faulconers hawkes are deuided into these two kinds long-winged hawkes and short-winged hawkes the long-winged hawkes doe properly belong vnto the lure and â—lie a â—oft soaring in the aire and from thence â—â—ooping downe and taking their pray they are vpon their wings long before they either see or are seene of their pray looking when either the spannyells shall spring the partridge from the ground or the Faulconer with his poale beate the foule from the riuer and of this â—orâ— is the Eagle the Gripe the Gerfaulcon the Faulcon the Lanyer the Hobie and the Merline some will intrude the Castrell which in deed is a long-winged hawke as touching his shape but looking into the cowardlinesse of his nature he is far vnworthie to ranke in their societie The short-winged hawkes do properlie belong to the fist for from thence euer they flie and thither also backe they are euer recalled They neuer take their wing till they see their pray on wing before them and then they make a maine after it and flie it to the marke where presently they take a tree hillocke or some other stand as neere the place as possibly they can and there sit till the spannyells come into the retriue but the long-winged hawke neuer taketh stand at all but flying about and about grathereth vp againe to her first pitch and there expecteth the retriue Now the short-winged hawkes are the Goshawke the Terssell of the Goshawke the Sparrow-hawke and the Musâ—â—eâ— some intrude the bauld Buzzard and the Ring-tayle but they as the Castrell are not worthie of the ranke being naturally cowards and of faint spirits not daring to contend where there is any shew of resistance Some of them begin not the game but follow it being begun by the Hawkers as we haue said of the Eagle To be briefe hawks seeme not to differ saue that all of them do not flie at all kind of birds and foule alike for in deed euery one of them buckleth himselfe vnto the bird to the flying whereof hee is giuen and addicted and not to others And concerning all sorts of flying and hawking you may find a more ample treatise in the particular description of the nature and properties of euery bird of pray which we haue made CHAP. XLV The taking of melodious singing Birds WE haue spoken of the sport that is made with birds of the pray called hawking and now wee will enter into some speech of taking of birds which sing melodiously with sweet and pleasant songs wherewith the master of the farme may take his recreation and pleasure by hearing them sing in his closes parke low-woods and high-woods or in his chamber window or else shut vp in some cages or roomes made for the purpose to containe the subâ—ect of such pleasure and delightsome melodie And that we may not omit any thing before we set downe any manner or way of the particular taking of such birds we will take a briefe view of the nature feeding and diseases of the same For it were but lost labour to take the birds if to the end that we may haue their sweet and melodious songs a long time wee knowe not what meat is good for them what diseases they are subiect vnto and what meanes and remedies are necessarie for their distemperatures In the meane time I mind not here to bring in the fabulous histories touching the originall and breeding of the most part of them which fantasticall Poets haue inuented I meane to rest my selfe in this only persuasion namely that all birdes were miraculously created of God by his almightie power that is to say of his own meere will and word whereby likewise he did create all other creatures in the beginning of the creation of the world CHAP. XLVI Of the Nightingale WE will make our choice of the Nightingale in the first place which according to the iudgement and common consent of euery one singeth the most sweetly and melodiously of all the rest she is a bird sufficiently knowne especially in the countrie of Italy and is called of the Latins Lusciniâ— or Philomelâ— she maketh heâ— nest in the Spring at such time as the earth in the moneth of May is all ouer couered beset and hanged with flowers and pleasant greene and that in groues and thicke bushes vpon which the Sunne in the morning doth cast his coole and temperate beames from noone till Sun-set she 〈◊〉 the coole places fountaines brookes thicke hedges and well shadowed places True it is that some of them do make their nests vpon the ground vnder hedges or amongst the waste grounds and other some of them make it in a place somewhat raised as vpon some greene and thicke grasse growne clod of earth or butte The number of their egges is vncertaine for some of them lay foure and
bloud 50. bleeding at the nose 45. to purifie the bloud 182 Bloud-suckers 61 Blondie fluxes 118 122 171 172 176 195 196 201 203 206 209 211 224 The Bodie to make it sound and well disposed 428 462 Bots in horses 14â— Breath and difficultie of breathing 110 247. shortnesse of breath 114 115 178 and 5â— 8. an â—ll breath â—4â— a stinking breath 199. to cause one to haue a good breath 239 246. shortnesse of breath in horses 202 The Breaâ—â—s 209 214. the breastâ— ouer-haâ—d 244 39â— to trusse into a round and â—lose â—athion the flagging withered and hanging breasts 47◠〈◊〉 also sut them when they are inâ—â—amed â—8 for the canker in the breasts 60 144 219 437 to resolue and wast the tumoâ—â—s of the breasts 18◠〈◊〉 and blacke spots 59 207 â—â—4 Buboes to cure 120 Burning 60 75 178 206 207 208 214 239 240 286 288 Burstings or ruptures 55 207. buâ—rsting of the vessels of the bodie 207. rupture or bursting of some of the inward parts 237 C CAnkers of all sorts 60 144 198 200 205 207 214 387. Cankers growing in the mouth 387. Cankers growing in the â—ares of dogges ibid. A plague Carbuncle 201 210 220 Carnâ—â—â—â—â— in the bladder 210 Cathars 10 69 95 203 207 262 Chastâ—tie and to make men chast 239 243 291 Cheese to keepe from being spoiled and rotten 244 The Child dead in the wombe and the maneâ— of drawing it forth 205 207 210 21â— 248 285 287. the child not borne out his full time 246 Chops 214 435. of the lippes 177 668. of the hands 177 Chops growing in the feet of horses 143 Chosicke and the cure thereof 49 144 152 180 183 184 16â— 207 213 244 288 To Conceiue and to make to conceiue 245 246 248 The false Conception in the wombe â—35 Conserue for the heart 47 For such as are in a Consumption 75 Contraction of ligaments 163 Coâ—â—â—sion 263 212 248 251 The Coâ—â—â— a horses disease 145 An old Cough 119. a hard Cough 245 Coughâ— of all sorts and the remedies for the same 75 178 212 247 in Oxen. 95 100 in Sheepe 114 115 of Mules 152 Counterpoysons 293 304 The Courbe a horses maladie 145 D â—Easnesse 45 178 â—To make a faite Die or colour 249 Difficultie of Vrine in Horses 141 â—â—pe and comfort Digestion 244 246 249 â—â—ses beginning in the encrease of the Moone are of long continuance 32 prognosticated 36 of Oxen. 93 102 of Horses in diuers sorts and the meanes to cure them 136 152 their vrine scalding them 137 of Sheepe 114 of Lambes 116 of Goats 119 of Asses 150 of Mules and Mulets 152 diuers of Swine 107 of Dogs and remedies for the same 12â— 677 of seuerall Birds and their cures 748 of Fishes 181 〈…〉 of humors 200 207 〈…〉 falling downe vpon the eyes 207 213 〈◊〉 Dog and the remedies against his bitings 61 â—â— Draught-gut fallen downe 54 202 209 213 140 〈◊〉 Oxe hiâ— Draught-gut hurt 96 〈◊〉 and Hydropicall persons 49 104 171 178 183 â—89 207 209 211 213 230 239 247 250 280 285 286 287 〈◊〉 sinesse and the remedies against it 41 244 245 â—â— unkennesse and how to preuent it 166 371 203 E EAres the paine and diseases thereof 44. silthie and perulent 178. wormie 197. noise in them 188 20â— 397. exulcerate 209 〈◊〉 211 〈◊〉 99 â—â— wes with laâ—â—be 116. hauing the sniuell 114. troubled with cornes 115 â—â—â—eake Eyes 120. their diseases and remedies 4â— 44 84 1â—7 213 243. the web in the Eye 74 198. spots of the Eye 199. the Eyes full of spots 696. bleared Eyes 192. weeping Eyes 452. fissulated Eyes 461. to clarifie the Eyes 252. Distillations and 〈◊〉 falling downe vpon the Eyes 207. rednesse of the eyes 195 〈◊〉 and other griefes of the same 460 461 The Eyes of Oxen and their diseases 98 99. Oxen hauing weeping Eyes 101 â—â—lotses their bleaâ—ed Eyes 138. and other their griefes 139 F FAintings 47 Falles 209 Falleâ— from on high 57 Falling sicknesse 42 148 182 203 204 211 240 245 248 375 453 454 460 668 The Falling sicknesse is gotten by eating of Goats flesh 119 Farsâ—â— in Horses 143 201 Feet and the stench of the feeâ— 53 Feuers 200 387 Feuers of all sorts 252 Feuers continuall 39 quotidian 203 tertian 40 198 203 208 210 211 213 387 hot 177 188 191 298 208 quartane agues 40 173 199 200 202 203 210 â—â—3 â—57 long and lasting 253 comming of obstructions 197 pestilent 201 of the Oxe 100 of the Horse 128 of the Sheepe 115 of the Swine 107 the Goats ague called continuall because they neuer are without it 119 The Fig a disease in Horses 129 A Fire without smoake 419 Fistula 193 206 213 435 458 The Horse his Fistula 144 A Flea in the â—are 237. to kill fleas 248 Flegme and flegmatike diseases 212 Flesh and to keepe it from putrifying in Summer 246 To driue away Flies and Gnats ibid. Flowers of women to stay them 52 204 206 213 237 246 690. to cause them 172 203 348 Fluxe of bloud 176 209 â—9â— 690 of bloud of all sorts 297 of bloud at the nose 45 75 178 204 206 208 of bloud by a wound 204 206 to stay them of all sorts 204 285 287 The Fluxe of the bellie 74 120 203 213 29â— The Fluxe of the bellie and bloud 207 The Fluxe of the bellie in Oxen 94. in Horses 224. and in Hennes â—9 Frâ—â—kles in the face 199 201 208 212 239 Frensies and franticke persons 42 116 Frets in little children 248 Fundament fallen 205 G GAlling of Horses their backs 141 145 197 Gangâ—â—ne 434 Garlicke eaten and how to take away the stench and ill sauour thereof 179 Garments and how to keepe them from vermine 239 Garrot a Horses maladie 145 Giddinesse in mens heads 183 Goomes 19â— to cleanse them 246 The Goomes of Horses exulcerated 140 Gowt 55 147 202 209 214 237 For all manner of Gowts and ioint-aches 56 Grauell 74 183 188 203 205 259 288 371 461 555 563. 648 668 693 Gâ—ipings 249 288 389. in the bellie 201 â—49 Womâ—ns Gripings or throwes after child-birth 54 Guts falling downe and the rupture 54 202 211 213 240 288 207. the rupture in a horse 145 H HAire and to keepe it from falling 189. to colour that of the head and beard 456 457. to make it red 285. or black 247. the Haire fallen 75 The falling of the Haire called Tineâ— 61 197 201 214 Haâ—ting in a Horse â—44 Hands wrinkled 46. shaking 246 Hand-wormes 213 Heart the paine and griefe thereof 169 203 251. faintnesse of the Heart 128 200 239. beating of the Heart 47 Heart-ache 169 The Heart-â—ore a disease that killeth horses suddenly 139 Head-ach paine of the head 40 85 176 178 193 211 199 221 244 246 248 252 286 Hemorrhoids and their cure 51 168 178 198 206 214 Hicket 48 244 249 Horse cloyed 206 I IAundise 49 78 104 143 169 172 173 195 202 205 237 326 457 Iaundise in trees 405