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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A04286	An apologie for the oath of allegiance first set foorth without a name, and now acknowledged by the authour, the Right High and Mightie Prince, Iames, by the grace of God, King of Great Britaine, France and Ireland, defender of the faith, &c. ; together with a premonition of His Maiesties, to all most mightie monarches, kings, free princes and states of Christendome.	James I, King of England, 1566-1625.; Paul V, Pope, 1552-1621.; Bellarmino, Roberto Francesco Romolo, Saint, 1542-1621.	1609 (1609)	STC 14401.5; ESTC S1249	109,056	264

this forme was this Treason reuealed to Garnet as himselfe confessed And next though he stood long vpon it that it was reuealed vnto him vnder the vaile of Confession in respect it was done in that time while as the partie was making his Confession vnto him Yet at the last he did freely confesse that the party reuealed it vnto him as they were walking and not in the time of Confession But hee said hee deliuered it vnto him vnder the greatest Seale that might be and so he tooke that he meant by the Seale of Confession And it had as he thought a relation to Confession in regard that he was that parties Confessor had taken his Confession sometimes before and was to take it againe within few dayes thereafter He also said that he pretended to the partie that he would not conceale it from his Superior And further it is to be noted that hee confessed that two diuers persons conferred with him anent this Treason and that when the one of them which was Catesby conferred with him thereupon it was in the other parties presence and hearing and what a Confession can this be in the hearing of a third person And how far his last wordes whereof our Answerer so much vaunts him did disproue it to haue been vnder Confession the Earle of Northamptons Booke doth beare witnesse Now as to the other parties name that reuealed the Powder-Treason vnto him it was Greenwell the Iesuite and so a Iesuite reuealed to a Iesuite this treasonable plot the Iesuite reuealer not shewing any remorse and the Iesuit whome to it was reuealed not so much as inioyning him any penance for the same And that ye may knowe that more Iesuites were also vpon the partie Owldcorne the other Powder-Martyr after the misgiuing and discouerie of that Treason preached consolatorie doctrine to his Catholike auditory exhorting them not to faint for the misgiuing of this enterprise nor to thinke the worse thereof that it succeeded not alleadging diuers Presidents of such godly enterprises that misgaue in like manner especially one of Saint Lewis King of France who in his second iourney to the Holy land died by the way the greatest part of his army being destroyed by the plague his first iourney hauing likewise misgiuen him by the Soldans taking of him exhorting them thereupon not to giue ouer but still to hope that God would blesse their enterprise at some other time though this did faile Thus see ye now with what boldnes and impudencie he hath belied the publikely knowen veritie in this errand both in auowing generally that no Iesuite was any waies guilty of that treason for so he affirmeth in his Booke and also that Garnet knewe nothing thereof but vnder the Seale of Confession But if this were the first lie of the affaires of this State which my fugitiue Priestes and Iesuites haue coined and spread abroad I could charme them of it as the prouerbe is But as well the walles of diuers Monasteries and Iesuites Colleges abroad are filled with the painting of such lying Histories as also the bookes of our said fugitiues are farced with such sort of shamelesse stuffe such are the innumerable sorts of torments and cruell deathes that they record their Martyrs to haue suffered here some torne at foure Horses some sowed in Beares skinnes and then killed with Dogges nay women haue not beene spared they say and a thousand other strange fictions the vanities of all which I will in two words discouer vnto you First as for the cause of their punishment I doe constantly maintaine that which I haue said in my Apology That no man either in my time or in the late Queenes euer died here for his conscience For let him be neuer so deuout a Papist nay though hee professe the same neuer so constantly his life is in no danger by the Law if hee breake not out into some outward acte expresly against the words of the Law or plot not some vnlawfull or dangerous practise or attempt Priests and Popish Church-men onely excepted that receiue orders beyond the seas who for the manifold treasonable practises that they haue kindled plotted in this countrey are discharged to come home againe vnder paine of treason after their receiuing of the saide Orders abroad and yet without some other guilt in them then their bare home-comming haue none of thē bin euer put to death And next for the cruell torments strange sorts of death that they say so many of them haue bin put vnto if there were no more but the Lawe and continually obserued custome of England these many hundred yeeres in all criminall matters it will sufficiently serue to refute all these monstrous lies for no tortures are euer vsed here but the Manicles or the Racke and these neuer but in cases of high Treason and all sorts of Traitours die but one maner of death here whether they bee Papist or Protestant traitours Queene Maries time only excepted For then indeede no sorts of cruell deathes were spared vnexecuted vpon men women and children professing our Religion yea euen against the lawes of God and Nature women with childe were put to cruell death for their profession and a liuing childe falling out of the mothers belly was throwen in the same fire againe that consumed the mother But these tyrannous persecutions were done by the Bishops of that time vnder the warrant of the Popes authoritie and therefore were not subiect to that constant order and formes of execution which as they are heere established by our Lawes and customes so are they accordingly obserued in the punishment of all criminals For all Priests and Popish Traitours heere receiue their Iudgement in the temporall Courts and so doe neuer exceed those formes of execution which are prescribed by the Law or approued by continuall custome One thing is also to be marked in this case that strangers are neuer called in question here for their Religion which is far otherwise I hope in any place where the Inquisition domines But hauing now too much wearied you with this long discourse whereby I haue made you plainely see that the wrong done vnto me in particular first by the Popes Breues and then by these Libellers doth as deepely interest you all in generall that are Kings free Princes or States as it doth mee in particular I will now conclude with my humble prayers to God that he will waken vs vp all out of that Lethargike slumber of Securitie wherein our Predecessors and we haue lien so long and that wee may first grauely consider what wee are bound in conscience to doe for the planting and spreading of the true worship of God according to his reuealed will in all our Dominions therein hearing the voice of our onely Pastor for his Sheepe will know his voyce as himselfe saith and not following the vaine corrupt changeable traditions of men And next that wee may prouidently looke to the securitie of our owne States and

hath not procured my sparing by these answerers who haue neither spared my Person directly in naming me nor indirectly by railing vpon the Author of the Booke it is now high time for me no longer to conceale nor disauow my selfe as if I were ashamed of my owne deed And therefore that yee may the better vnderstand the nature of the cause I will begin at the first ground thereof The neuer ynough wondered at and abhorred POVVDER-TREASON though the repetition thereof grieueth I know the gentle hearted Iesuite Parsons this Treason I say being not onely intended against me and my Posteritie but euen against the whole house of Parliament plotted only by Papists and they onely led thereto by a preposterous zeal for the aduancement of their Religion some of them continuing so obstinate that euen at their death they would not acknowledge their fault but in their last words immediatly before the expiring of their breath refused to condemne themselues craue pardon for their deed except the Romish Church should first condemne it And soone after it being discouered that a great number of my Popish Subiects of all rankes and sexes both men and women as well within as without the Countrey had a confused notion and an obscure knowledge that some great thing was to be done in that Parliament for the weale of the Church although for secrecies cause they were not acquainted with the particulars certaine formes of prayer hauing likewise bin set down and vsed for the good successe of that great errand adding hereunto that diuers times and from diuers Priests the Arch-traitors themselues receiued the Sacrament for confirmation of their heart and obseruation of secrecie Some of the principall Iesuits likewise being found guiltie of the foreknowledge of the Treason it selfe of which number some fled from their triall others were apprehended as holy Gamet himselfe and Ouldcorne were and iustly executed vpon their owne plaine confession of their guilt If this Treason now clad with these circumstances did not minister a iust occasion to that Parliament house whom they thought to haue destroyed couragiously and zealously at their next sitting downe to vse all meanes of trial whether any more of that mind were yet left in the Countrey I leaue it to you to iudge whom God hath appoynted his highest Depute-Iudges vpon earth And amongst other things for this purpose This Oath of Allegiance so vniustly impugned was then deuised and enacted And in case any sharper Lawes were then made against the Papists that were not obedient to the former Lawes of the Countrey if ye will consider the time place and persons it will bee thought no wonder seeing that occasion did so iustly exasperate them to make seuerer Lawes then otherwise they would haue done The time I say being the very next sitting downe of the Parliament after the discouerie of that abominable Treason the place beeing the same where they should all haue bene blowen vp and so bringing it freshly to their memorie againe the persons being those very Parliament men whom they thought to haue destroyed And yet so far hath both my heart and gouernment beene from any bitternes as almost neuer one of those sharpe additions to the former Lawes haue euer yet beene put in execution And that ye may yet know further for the more conuincing these Libellers of wilfull malice who impudently affirme That this Oath of Allegiance was deuised for deceiuing and intrapping of Papists in points of conscience The truth is that the Lower house of Parliament at the first framing of this Oath made it to containe That the Pope had no power to excommunicate me which I caused them to reforme onely making it to conclude That no excommunication of the Popes can warrant my Subiects to practise against my Person or State denying the deposition of Kings to be in the Popes lawfull power as indeed I take any such temporall violence to bee farre without the limits of such a Spirituall censure as excommunication is So carefull was I that nothing should be contained in this Oath except the profession of natural Allegiance ciuill and temporall obedience with a prom●se to resist to all contrary vnciuill violence This Oath now grounded vpon so great and iust an occasion set forth in so reasonable termes and ordeined onely for making of a true distinction betweene Papists of quiet disposition and in all other things good Subiects and such other Papists as in their hearts maintained the like violent bloody Maximes that the Powder-traitors did This Oath I say being published and put in practise bred such euill blood in the Popes head and his Cleargie as Breue after Breue commeth forth vt vndam vnda sequitur prohibiting all Catholiques from taking the same as a thing cleane contrary to the Catholicke faith and that the taking thereof cannot stand with the saluation of their soules There commeth likewise a letter of Cardinall Bellarmines to Blackwell to the same purpose but discoursing more at length vpon the sayd Oath Whereupon after I had entred in consideration of their vniust impugning that so iust and lawfull an Oath and fearing that by their vntrue calumnies and Sophistrie the hearts of a number of the most simple and ignorant of my people should be mis-led vnder that faire and deceitfull cloake of conscience I thought good to set foorth an Apologie for the said Oath wherin I proued that as this Oath contained nothing but matter of ciuill and temporall Obedience due by Subiects to their Soueraigne Prince so this quarrelling therewith was nothing but a late vsurpation of Popes against the warrant of all Scriptures ancient Counsels and Fathers vpon the temporall power of Kings where with onely my Apologie doth meddle But the publishing of this Booke of mine hath brought such two Answerers or rather Raylers vpon me as all the world may wonder at For my Booke beeing first written in English an English Oath beeing the subiect thereof and the vse of it properly belonging to my subiects of England and immediatly thereafter being translated into Latine vpon a desire that some had of further publishing it abroad it commeth home vnto me now answered in both the Languages And I thinke if it had beene set forth in all the tongues that were at the confusion of Babel it would haue beene returned answered in them all againe Thus may a man see how busie a Bishop the Deuill is and how he omitteth no diligence for venting of his poisoned wares But herein their malice doth cleerely appeare that they pay me so quickly with a double answere and yet haue neuer answered their owne Arch-priest who hath written a booke for the maintenāce of the same Oath and of the temporall authoritie of Kings alledging a cloud of their owne Scoolemen against them As for the English Answerer my vnnaturall and fugitiue Subiect I will neither defile my pen nor your sacred eies or eares with the describing of him who ashames nay abhorres not to rayle

it is se● downe in few but very weightie words to wit That it ought to be cleare vnto all Catholiques that this oath cannot be taken with safety of the Catholike Faith and of their soules health since it containeth many things that are plainely and directly contrary to their faith saluation To this the old saying fathered vpon the Philosopher may very fi●ly be applied Mul ta dicit sed pauca probat nay indeede Nihil omnino probat For how the profession of the natural Allegiance of Subiects to their Prince can be directly opposite to the faith saluation of soules is so farre beyond my simple reading in Diuinitie as I must thinke it a strange and new Assertion to proceed out of the mouth of that pretended generall Pastor of all Christian soules I reade indeede and not in one or two or three places of Scripture that Subiects are bound to obey their Princes for conscience sake whether they were good or wicked Princes So saide the people to Ioshua As wee obeyed Moses in all things so will we obey thee So the Prophet commanded the people to obey the King of Babel saying Put your neckes vnder the yoke of the King of Babel and serue him and his people that yee may liue So were the children of Israel vnto Pharaoh desiring him to let them goe so to Cyrus obtaining leaue of him to returne to build the Temple and in a word the Apostle willed all men to be subiect to the higher powers for conscience sake Agreeable to the Scriptures did the Fathers teach Augustine speaking of Iulian saith Iulian was an vnbeleeuing Emperour was he not an Apostata an Oppressour and an Idolater Christian Souldiers serued that vnbeleeuing Emperour when they came to the cause of CHRIST they would acknowledge no Lord but him that is in heauen When he would haue them to worship Idoles and to sacrifice they preferred GOD before him But when hee said goe forth to fight inuade such a nation they presently obeyed They distinguished their eternall Lord from their temporall and yet were they subiect euen vnto their temporall lord for his sake that was their eternall Lord and Master Tertullian saith A Christian is enemie to no man much lesse to the Prince whom hee knoweth to be appointed of God and so of necessitie must loue reuerence and honour him and wish him safe with the whole Romane Empire so long as the world shall last for so long shall it endure We honour therefore the Emperour in such sort as is lawfull for vs and expedient for him as a man the next vnto God and obtaining from God whatsoeuer hee hath and onely inferiour vnto God This the Emperour himselfe would for so is he greater then all while hee is inferiour onely to the true God Iustine Martyr We onely adore God and in all other things cherefully performe seruice to you professing that you are Emperours and Princes of men Ambrose I may lament weepe and sigh My teares are my weapons against their armes souldiers and the Gothes also such are the weapons of a Priest Otherwise neither ought I neither can I resist Optatus Ouer the Emperour there is none but onely God that made the Emperour And Gregory writing to Mauritius about a certaine Law that a souldier should not be receiued into a Monastery nondū expleta militia The Almightie God saith he holdes him guilty that is not vpright to the most excellent Emperour in all things that he doth or speaketh And then calling himselfe the vnworthy seruant of his Godlinesse goeth on in the whole Epistle to shew the iniustice of that Law as he pretendeth and in the ende concludes his Epistle with these words I being subiect to your commaund haue caused the same Law to bee sent through diuers parts of your Dominions and because the Law it selfe doeth not agree to the Law of the Almightie God I haue signified the same by my letters to your most excellent Lordship so that on both parts I haue payed what I ought because I haue yeelded obedience to the Emperour and haue not holden my peace in what I thought for God Now how great a contrarietie there is betwixt this ancient Popes action in obeying an Emperour by the publication of his Decree which in his owne conscience he thought vnlawfull and this present Popes prohibition to a Kings Subiects from obedience vnto him in things most lawfull and meere temporall I remit it to the Readers indifferency And answerably to the Fathers spake the Councels in their decrees As the Councell of Arles submitting the whole Councell to the Emperour in these words These things we haue decreed to be presented to our lord the Emperor beseeching his clemencie that if we haue done lesse then we ought it may be supplied by his wisedome if any thing otherwise then reason requireth it may bee corrected by his iudgement if any thing bee found fault with by vs with reason it may be perfected by his ayd with Gods fauourable assistance But why should I speake of Charles the Great to whom not one Councell but sixe seuerall Councels Frankford Arles Tours Chalons Ments Rhemes did wholy submit themselues and not rather speake of all the generall Councels that of Nice Constantinople Ephesus Chalcedon and the foure other commonly so reputed which did submit themselues to the Emperours wisdome and pietie in all things Insomuch as that of Ephesus repeated it foure seuerall times That they were summoned by the Emperours Oracle becke charge and command and betooke themselues to his Godlinesse beseeching him that the decrees made against Nestorius and his followers might by his power haue their full force and validitie as appeareth manifestly in the Epistle of the generall Councell of Ephesus written ad Augustos I also reade that Christ said his kingdome was not of this world bidding Giue to Caesar what was Caesars and to God what was Gods And I euer held it for an infallible maxime in Diuinitie That temporall obedience to a temporal Magistrate did nothing repugne to matters of faith or saluation of soules But that euer temporall obedience was against faith and saluation of soules as in this Breue is alledged was neuer before heard nor read of in the Christian Church And therefore I would haue wished the Pope before he had set downe this commaundement to all Papists here That since in him is the power by the infalibility of his spirit to make new articles of faith when euer it shall please him that he had first set it downe for an article of faith before hee had commaunded all Catholikes to beleeue and obey it I will then conclude the answere to this point in a Dilemma Either it is lawful to obey the Soueraigne in temporall things or not If it be lawfull as I neuer heard nor read it doubted of then why is the Pope so vniust and so cruel towards his