great_a credit_n and_o favour_n between_o who_o and_o the_o lord_n grey_n of_o ruthin_n happen_v some_o discord_n about_o a_o piece_n of_o commons_o lie_v between_o the_o lordship_n of_o ruthin_n and_o the_o lordship_n of_o glyndourdwy_n whereof_o owen_n be_v owner_n and_o thereof_o take_v the_o surname_n of_o glindour_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n richard_n owen_n be_v too_o hard_o for_o the_o lord_n grey_n be_v then_o a_o servitor_n in_o court_n with_o k._n rich._n with_o who_o he_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o take_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o flint_n by_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n but_o after_o that_o k._n richard_n be_v put_v down_o the_o lord_n grey_n be_v now_o better_o friend_v than_o owen_n enter_v upon_o the_o say_a commons_o whereupon_o owen_n have_v many_o friend_n and_o follower_n in_o his_o country_n as_o those_o that_o be_v great_a with_o prince_n common_o have_v put_v himself_o in_o armour_n against_o the_o lord_n grey_n who_o he_o meet_v in_o the_o field_n overcome_v and_o take_v prisoner_n prophecy_n the_o welsh_a ever_o addict_v to_o believe_v prophecy_n this_o be_v the_o very_a beginning_n and_o cause_n owen_n rise_v and_o attempt_n upon_o the_o take_n of_o the_o lord_n grey_n and_o spoil_v of_o his_o lordship_n of_o ruthin_n many_o resort_v to_o owen_n from_o all_o part_n of_o wales_n some_o think_v that_o he_o be_v now_o as_o well_o in_o favour_n as_o in_o k._n richard_n time_n some_o other_o put_v in_o his_o head_n that_o now_o the_o time_n be_v come_v wherein_o the_o britain_n through_o his_o mean_n may_v recover_v again_o the_o honour_n and_o liberty_n of_o their_o ancestor_n prophecy_n a_o caveat_n for_o mr._n pugh_n and_o such_o as_o be_v over_o credulous_a in_o prophecy_n these_o thing_n be_v lay_v before_o owen_n by_o such_o as_o be_v very_o cunning_a in_o merlin_n prophecy_n and_o the_o interpretation_n of_o the_o same_o for_o there_o be_v in_o those_o day_n as_o i_o fear_v there_o be_v now_o some_o singular_a man_n which_o be_v deep_o oversee_v in_o those_o mystery_n and_o hope_v one_o day_n to_o mete_v velvet_n upon_o london_n bridge_n with_o their_o bow_n bring_v he_o into_o such_o a_o fool_n paradise_n that_o he_o never_o consider_v what_o title_n he_o may_v pretend_v or_o what_o right_a he_o have_v proceed_v and_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n who_o be_v the_o the_o right_a inheritor_n as_o well_o to_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n as_o appear_v former_o as_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n after_o the_o death_n of_o k._n rich._n be_v descend_v from_o the_o elder_a brother_n next_o to_o edw._n prince_n of_o wales_n father_n of_o k._n rich._n of_o which_o insurrection_n &_o rebellion_n there_o ensue_v much_o mischief_n unto_o the_o welshman_n for_o the_o king_n conceive_v great_a hatred_n against_o they_o show_v himself_o a_o manifest_a opressour_n of_o all_o that_o nation_n make_v rigorous_a law_n against_o they_o whereby_o he_o take_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o the_o liberty_n of_o subject_n from_o they_o welsh_a cruel_a law_n against_o the_o welsh_a probibit_v all_o welshman_n from_o purchase_v land_n or_o to_o be_v choose_v or_o receive_v citizen_n or_o burgess_n in_o any_o city_n burrough_n or_o market_n town_n or_o to_o be_v recey_v or_o accept_v to_o any_o office_n of_o mayor_n bailiff_n chamberlain_n constable_n or_o keeper_n of_o the_o gate_n or_o of_o the_o goal_n or_o to_o be_v of_o the_o council_n of_o any_o city_n burrough_n or_o town_n or_o to_o bear_v any_o manner_n of_o armour_n within_o any_o city_n etc._n etc._n and_o if_o any_o suit_n happen_v between_o a_o welshman_n &_o a_o englishman_n it_o be_v by_o law_n ordain_v that_o the_o englishman_n shall_v not_o be_v convict_v unless_o it_o be_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o english_a judge_n and_o by_o the_o verdict_n of_o the_o whole_a english_a burgess_n or_o by_o inquest_n of_o english_a burrough_n and_o town_n of_o the_o signiory_n where_o the_o suit_n lie_v also_o that_o all_o englishman_n that_o marry_a welshwoman_n shall_v be_v disfranchize_v of_o their_o liberty_n no_o congregation_n or_o meeting_n in_o council_n be_v permit_v to_o welshman_n but_o by_o licence_n of_o the_o chief_a officer_n of_o the_o say_a signiory_n and_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o same_o officer_n that_o no_o victual_n nor_o armour_n shall_v be_v bring_v into_o wales_n without_o the_o special_a licence_n of_o the_o king_n or_o his_o council_n that_o no_o welshman_n shall_v have_v any_o castle_n fortress_n or_o house_n defensive_a of_o his_o own_o or_o of_o any_o other_o man_n to_o keep_v no_o welshman_n to_o be_v make_v justice_n chamberlain_z chancellor_n treasurer_n sheriff_n steward_z constable_n of_o castle_n receiver_n eschetor_n coronor_fw-la nor_o chief_a forester_n nor_o other_o officer_n nor_o keeper_n of_o record_n nor_o lieutenant_n in_o any_o of_o the_o say_a office_n in_o no_o part_n of_o wales_n nor_o of_o the_o council_n of_o any_o english_a lord_n notwithstanding_o any_o patent_n or_o licence_n make_v to_o the_o contrary_n that_o no_o englishman_n which_o in_o the_o time_n to_o come_v shall_v marry_v any_o welshwoman_n be_v put_v in_o any_o office_n in_o wales_n or_o in_o the_o march_n of_o the_o same_o these_o with_o other_o law_n both_o unreasonable_a and_o unconcionable_a such_o as_o no_o prince_n among_o the_o heathen_a ever_o offer_v to_o his_o subject_n be_v ordain_v and_o severe_o execute_v against_o they_o neither_o be_v it_o any_o reason_n that_o for_o the_o offence_n of_o one_o man_n &_o his_o complice_n all_o the_o whole_a nation_n shall_v be_v so_o persecute_v whereby_o not_o only_o they_o that_o live_v in_o that_o time_n but_o also_o their_o child_n and_o posterity_n shall_v be_v bring_v to_o perpetual_a thraldom_n and_o misery_n apostate_n a_o law_n more_o cruel_a than_o that_o julian_n the_o apostate_n for_o these_o law_n be_v not_o ordain_v for_o their_o reformation_n but_o of_o mere_a purpose_n to_o work_v their_o utter_a ruin_n and_o destruction_n which_o do_v evident_o appear_v in_o that_o they_o be_v forbid_v to_o keep_v their_o child_n at_o learning_n or_o to_o put_v they_o to_o be_v apprentice_n to_o any_o occupation_n in_o any_o town_n or_o burrough_n in_o this_o realm_n let_v any_o indifferent_a man_n therefore_o judge_v and_o consider_v whether_o this_o extremity_n of_o law_n where_o justice_n itself_o be_v mere_a injury_n and_o cruelty_n be_v not_o a_o cause_n and_o matter_n sufficient_a to_o withdraw_v any_o people_n from_o civility_n to_o barbarism_n 〈…〉_o this_o hen._n dye_v in_o the_o 10_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n leave_v a_o son_n behind_o he_o be_v a_o infant_n of_o ten_o month_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o tender_a age_n be_v not_o as_o by_o any_o word_n extent_n can_v be_v prove_v ever_o create_v prince_n but_o be_v proclaim_v king_n immediate_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n by_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n the_o sixt._n edward_n of_o westminster_n henry_n the_o sixth_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a give_v to_o he_o in_o his_o parliament_n hold_v in_o the_o 31_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v afterward_o by_o his_o charter_n bear_v date_n 15_o day_n of_o march_n 32._o regni_fw-la create_v edward_n his_o son_n bear_v at_o westminster_n by_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o patent_n to_o be_v both_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o invest_v he_o therein_o creation_n his_o creation_n with_o the_o usual_a ensign_n of_o that_o dignity_n as_o have_v be_v in_o former_a time_n accustom_v to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o say_a dignity_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n king_n of_o england_n dodridge_n sr._n j._n dodridge_n which_o charter_n be_v recite_v in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n hold_v at_o westminster_n 9_o julii_n anno_fw-la 33._o regni_fw-la in_o the_o which_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v also_o recite_v another_o charter_n likewise_o confirm_v by_o the_o say_a parliament_n whereby_o the_o say_a king_n do_v give_v unto_o the_o say_a prince_n the_o say_a principality_n of_o wales_n together_o with_o all_o the_o lordship_n and_o land_n castle_n and_o tenement_n by_o special_a name_n above_o mention_v and_o all_o in_o the_o former_a charter_n grant_v and_o convey_v to_o the_o former_a prince_n and_o the_o say_a fee_n farm_n and_o rent_n of_o 113_o l._n 13_o s._n ob_fw-la out_o of_o the_o lordship_n and_o town_n of_o buelht_n and_o the_o say_v 56l_o 13_n 4d_o out_o of_o the_o lordship_n castle_n and_o town_n of_o montgomery_n likewise_o mention_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o former_a prince_n to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n king_n of_o england_n by_o the_o same_o act_n of_o parliament_n also_o it_o be_v enact_v because_o the_o say_a prince_n be_v then_o of_o tender_a year_n and_o there_o be_v assign_v unto_o he_o a_o certain_a
quite_o environ_v with_o the_o sea_n except_v the_o passage_n on_o the_o north_n side_n thereof_o candida_fw-la casa_n voco_fw-la locus_fw-la in_o extremis_fw-la angliae_fw-la juxta_fw-la scotiam_fw-la finibus_fw-la ubi_fw-la beatus_fw-la confessor_n niva_fw-la requiescit_fw-la natione_fw-la brito_n qui_fw-la primus_fw-la ibidem_fw-la christi_fw-la praedicationem_fw-la evangelizavit_fw-la nomen_fw-la loco_fw-la ex_fw-la opere_fw-la inditum_fw-la quod_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la ibi_fw-la ex_fw-la lapide_fw-la polito_fw-la britonibus_fw-la miraculum_fw-la fecerit_fw-la the_o count_n palatine_n will_v have_v this_o king_n to_o have_v reign_v fifteen_o year_n alone_o and_o speak_v some_o thing_n favourable_o in_o his_o behalf_n regina_fw-la martia_n say_v he_o gubernaculum_fw-la 7_o annorum_fw-la accepit_fw-la cum_fw-la filio_fw-la unico_fw-la adhuc_fw-la pvero_fw-la qui_fw-la sisillius_fw-la eo_fw-la nomine_fw-la secundus_fw-la appellatur_fw-la &_o feliciter_fw-la insecutus_fw-la vestigia_fw-la patris_fw-la administrat_fw-la quindecim_fw-la annos_fw-la postea_fw-la solus_fw-la &_o mortuus_fw-la caerleili_fw-la sepelitur_fw-la to_o this_o account_n of_o fifteen_o year_n agree_v the_o english_a history_n say_v fabian_n but_o the_o flower_n of_o history_n allow_v unto_o his_o reign_n only_o seven_o year_n howsoever_o death_n demand_v his_o due_n and_o summon_v this_o king_n into_o another_o world_n caerleon_n sisillius_fw-la burl_a at_o caerleon_n who_o body_n as_o mr._n howes_n say_v be_v bury_v at_o caerleon_n and_o not_o at_o caerlile_n but_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o name_n questionless_a breed_v the_o mistake_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o his_o son_n kimarus_n to_o succeed_v he_o kimarus_n kimarus_n son_n of_o sisilius_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n be_v with_o all_o solemnity_n advance_v to_o the_o throne_n and_o crown_n of_o britain_n in_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n creation_n four_o thousand_o eight_o hundred_o fourscore_o and_o six_o the_o english_a chronicle_n call_v he_o kymor_n fabian_n say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v of_o this_o king_n either_o concern_v his_o deed_n and_o course_n of_o life_n or_o concern_v the_o length_n of_o his_o reign_n yet_o he_o allege_v a_o old_a chronicle_n to_o aver_v that_o he_o be_v a_o wild_a young_a man_n and_o live_v after_o his_o pleasure_n wherefore_o as_o he_o be_v at_o his_o disport_n of_o hunt_v he_o be_v by_o his_o ill-willer_n slay_v when_o he_o have_v rule_v scarce_o three_o year_n but_o the_o count_n palatine_n say_v he_o be_v kill_v by_o wild_a beast_n illius_fw-la filius_fw-la say_v he_o speak_v of_o sisilius_n chimarus_n in_o imperando_fw-la successit_fw-la moribus_fw-la adolescens_fw-la improbus_fw-la suique_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la agendis_fw-la arbitrii_fw-la ac_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la adeo_fw-la ut_fw-la post_fw-la tres_fw-la annos_fw-la quibus_fw-la rexit_fw-la à _fw-la feris_fw-la bestiis_fw-la dum_fw-la venabatur_fw-la occisus_fw-la est_fw-la kimarus_n succeed_v a_o young_a man_n of_o most_o dissolute_a life_n and_o behaviour_n who_o sway_v all_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o humour_n of_o his_o own_o vain_a and_o fantastic_a imagination_n and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o reason_n and_o judgement_n insomuch_o that_o after_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o be_v devour_v of_o wild_a beast_n it_o behoove_v prince_n as_o well_o as_o other_o to_o have_v a_o care_n how_o they_o live_v for_o the_o holy_a writ_n tell_v we_o fire_n hail_n famine_n and_o death_n 39_o eccles_n c._n 39_o all_o these_o thing_n be_v create_v for_o man_n punishment_n the_o tooth_n of_o beast_n for_o the_o utter_a extermination_n of_o the_o wicked_a it_o be_v great_a reason_n that_o prince_n shall_v regulate_v their_o life_n after_o the_o true_a square_n of_o virtue_n for_o a_o prince_n can_v with_o reason_n expect_v that_o the_o severity_n of_o law_n or_o other_o politic_a mean_n shall_v repress_v in_o his_o commonwealth_n any_o vice_n which_o shall_v be_v authorize_v by_o the_o example_n of_o his_o own_o practice_n for_o as_o the_o poet_n say_v totus_fw-la componitur_fw-la orbis_n regis_fw-la ad_fw-la exemplum_fw-la nec_fw-la sic_fw-la inflectere_fw-la sensus_fw-la humanos_fw-la edicta_fw-la valent_fw-la ut_fw-la vita_fw-la regentis_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v all_o the_o world_n be_v frame_v after_o the_o model_n of_o the_o king_n and_o no_o law_n or_o edict_n can_v so_o move_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n as_o do_v the_o life_n of_o the_o governor_n which_o plutarch_n confirm_v notable_o say_v that_o even_o as_o a_o square_a or_o rule_n must_v be_v straight_o in_o itself_o before_o it_o can_v make_v other_o thing_n straight_o so_o the_o prince_n who_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o his_o subject_n ought_v first_o to_o rectify_v himself_o before_o he_o go_v about_o by_o law_n or_o other_o mean_n to_o rectify_v his_o commonwealth_n for_o he_o that_o be_v fall_v say_v plutarch_n be_v not_o fit_a to_o uphold_v other_o nor_o he_o that_o be_v ignorant_a to_o teach_v nor_o he_o that_o be_v incorrigible_a to_o correct_v nor_o he_o that_o be_v himself_o disorder_v to_o put_v other_o in_o order_n elianus_n elianus_n the_o son_n of_o kimarus_n who_o some_o also_o call_v danius_n as_o the_o flower_n of_o history_n affirm_v but_o gaufride_n say_v he_o be_v kimarus_n brother_n be_v crown_v king_n of_o britain_n in_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n creation_n four_o thousand_o eight_o hundred_o fourscore_o and_o nine_o this_o prince_n by_o the_o english_a book_n be_v call_v howan_n one_o chronicle_n will_v have_v kimarus_n and_o elianus_n to_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o person_n though_o other_o think_v otherwise_o and_o that_o he_o reign_v two_o year_n little_a or_o nothing_o be_v leave_v to_o posterity_n of_o any_o memorable_a act_n of_o he_o either_o good_a or_o bad_a only_o the_o count_n palatine_n tell_v we_o frater_fw-la eum_fw-la sequitur_fw-la elianus_n natura_fw-la stupidior_fw-la &_o legum_fw-la spretor_fw-la quocirca_fw-la rem_fw-la administrabat_fw-la imprudenter_fw-la bellis_fw-la &_o seditionibus_fw-la undecunque_fw-la vexatus_fw-la neque_fw-la pacem_fw-la habere_fw-la potuit_fw-la vel_fw-la publicae_fw-la vel_fw-la privatim_fw-la illis_fw-la decem_fw-la annis_fw-la quibus_fw-la imperabat_fw-la elianus_n his_o brother_n succeed_v he_o of_o a_o most_o stupid_a nature_n and_o a_o contemner_n of_o all_o law_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o he_o govern_v with_o great_a indiscretion_n his_o kingdom_n and_o commonwealth_n be_v continual_o vex_v and_o trouble_v with_o insurrection_n and_o sedition_n insomuch_o that_o during_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o can_v never_o enjoy_v either_o private_o or_o otherwise_o one_o hour_n of_o peace_n this_o be_v one_o among_o the_o british_a prince_n for_o who_o sake_n as_o gildas_n the_o wise_a write_v the_o whole_a nation_n suffer_v morindus_n morindus_n the_o bastard-son_n of_o elianus_n as_o gaufride_n affirm_v with_o other_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o crown_n and_o government_n of_o this_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n in_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n creation_n four_o thousand_o eight_o hundred_o and_o ninety_o elianus_n beget_v this_o prince_n upon_o tanguestula_n his_o concubine_n who_o prove_v as_o bastard_n common_o do_v be_v get_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o courage_n a_o most_o resolute_a and_o courageous_a chieftain_n but_o so_o over-swayed_n by_o his_o own_o passion_n especial_o that_o of_o anger_n that_o in_o his_o fury_n no_o man_n life_n be_v secure_a to_o the_o matchless_a strength_n of_o his_o body_n nature_n add_v all_o those_o feature_n which_o may_v make_v he_o the_o most_o handsome_a and_o accomplish_a gentleman_n in_o all_o his_o kingdom_n these_o his_o admirable_a endowment_n he_o beautify_v with_o a_o most_o princely_a liberality_n be_v very_o openhanded_a when_o the_o least_o merit_n require_v during_o the_o reign_n of_o morindus_n there_o arrive_v out_o of_o mauritania_n which_o country_n according_a to_o strabo_n be_v seat_v between_o hungaria_n and_o fohemia_n a_o warlike_a and_o most_o cruel_a people_n which_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n consume_v all_o before_o they_o morindus_n have_v tiding_n bring_v to_o he_o of_o those_o insolence_n and_o misdemeanour_n with_o all_o speed_n levy_v a_o army_n and_o with_o speedy_a march_n encounter_v his_o enemy_n and_o after_o a_o most_o bloody_a conflict_n compel_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o unwelcome_a intruder_n back_o to_o their_o ship_n the_o rest_n he_o sacrifice_v to_o his_o own_o anger_n cause_v some_o to_o be_v dismember_v other_o cast_v into_o the_o fire_n some_o chop_v in_o piece_n not_o a_o few_o strangle_v death_n act_v several_a part_n in_o this_o most_o horrid_a execution_n no_o manner_n of_o torment_n imaginable_a to_o morindus_n be_v leave_v uninflict_v so_o great_a be_v the_o tyranny_n of_o his_o blood-thirsting_a revenge_n after_o this_o great_a overthrow_n and_o most_o cruel_a massacre_n this_o british_a king_n progress_v a_o long_a the_o sea_n coast_v for_o his_o recreation_n chance_v to_o descry_v a_o most_o hideous_a monster_n come_v out_o of_o the_o irish_a ocean_n morindus_n be_v overjoy_v at_o this_o present_a occasion_n to_o try_v the_o edge_n of_o his_o
with_o his_o countryman_n by_o work_v their_o subversion_n to_o his_o own_o dishonour_n and_o advantage_n of_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n his_o father_n imanentius_fw-la have_v be_v sometime_o chief_a ruler_n of_o the_o city_n of_o trinobantes_n and_o well_o esteem_v among_o they_o be_v slay_v by_o cassibelin_n the_o present_a governor_n against_o who_o the_o citizen_n desire_v caesar_n to_o protect_v mandubratius_n and_o to_o commit_v unto_o he_o the_o government_n of_o that_o city_n which_o caesar_n grant_v upon_o delivery_n of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o pledge_n and_o a_o sufficient_a proportion_n of_o victual_n for_o provision_n of_o his_o army_n hereupon_o divers_a petty_a state_n thereabouts_o send_v ambassador_n and_o yield_v themselves_o to_o caesar_n who_o understand_v by_o they_o that_o cassibelina_n his_o town_n be_v well_o store_v with_o man_n and_o cattle_n be_v not_o far_o from_o thence_o this_o town_n be_v only_o a_o circuit_n of_o ground_n enclose_v with_o wood_n and_o marsh_n or_o else_o entrench_v with_o a_o ranger_n of_o earth_n about_o it_o caesar_n come_v with_o his_o legion_n to_o this_o place_n which_o he_o find_v very_o strong_a as_o be_v fortify_v natural_o and_o also_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o man_n begin_v to_o assail_v it_o on_o both_o side_n the_o britain_n have_v expect_v a_o while_n the_o event_n of_o the_o enterprise_n and_o perceive_v themselves_o unable_a to_o withstand_v the_o assault_n issue_v out_o at_o a_o back_n way_n where_o many_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v and_o some_o take_v as_o they_o flee_v the_o town_n itself_o and_o all_o the_o provision_n within_o it_o be_v leave_v as_o a_o spoil_n to_o the_o roman_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v among_o the_o trinobant_n cassabelin_n dispatch_v messenger_n into_o kent_n or_o cantium_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o sea_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o part_n be_v better_o furnish_v to_o make_v war_n then_o any_o other_o of_o the_o isle_n the_o country_n at_o that_o time_n be_v govern_v by_o four_o king_n as_o caesar_z himself_o call_v they_o either_o for_o that_o they_o have_v among_o they_o a_o kind_n of_o absolute_a government_n in_o several_a or_o else_o for_o that_o be_v the_o register_n of_o his_o own_o act_n he_o suppose_v it_o will_v be_v more_o for_o his_o glory_n to_o be_v repute_v a_o conqueror_n of_o king_n their_o name_n be_v cingetorix_n carvilius_n taximugulus_n and_o segonax_n who_o cassibelin_n then_o require_v to_o raise_v all_o the_o power_n they_o can_v make_v and_o on_o the_o sudden_a to_o assail_v the_o roman_a force_n that_o guard_v their_o ship_n at_o the_o sea_n side_n this_o be_v attempt_v according_o but_o with_o ill_a success_n for_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v timely_a advertisement_n of_o their_o purpose_n prevent_v the_o execution_n thereof_o by_o set_v upon_o they_o as_o they_o draw_v near_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o so_o after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n make_v of_o the_o britain_n cingetorix_n a_o noble_a captain_n and_o one_o of_o the_o prince_n be_v take_v prisoner_n the_o roman_n return_v safe_a to_o their_o camp_n cassibelin_n hear_v of_o the_o unhappy_a issue_n of_o his_o enterprise_n after_o so_o many_o loss_n sustain_v on_o his_o part_n his_o country_n be_v waste_v with_o war_n and_o himself_o in_o a_o manner_n forsake_v by_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o city_n round_o about_o which_o most_o of_o all_o discourage_v he_o send_v ambassador_n to_o caesar_n by_o comius_n of_o arras_n offer_v to_o submit_v himself_o upon_o reasonable_a condition_n caesar_n determine_v to_o winter_n in_o gallia_n the_o state_n of_o his_o affair_n there_o require_v it_o and_o the_o summer_n be_v almost_o spend_v command_v that_o he_o shall_v deliver_v certain_a pledge_n for_o assurance_n of_o his_o obedience_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v offer_v no_o wrong_n nor_o give_v cause_n of_o offence_n to_o mandubratius_n or_o the_o troynobant_n who_o he_o have_v take_v into_o special_a protection_n and_o then_o have_v impose_v a_o tribute_n to_o be_v pay_v yearly_o by_o the_o britain_n to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n he_o march_v towards_o the_o sea_n side_n where_o he_o embark_v his_o force_n and_o arrive_v with_o they_o safe_o in_o the_o continent_n thus_o caesar_n have_v rather_o show_v some_o part_n of_o britain_n to_o the_o roman_n than_o make_v a_o conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a suppose_v he_o have_v do_v sufficient_o for_o his_o own_o glory_n in_o undertake_v a_o matter_n so_o rare_a and_o difficult_a in_o those_o time_n at_o his_o come_n to_o rome_n he_o present_v there_o certain_a captive_n which_o he_o have_v take_v in_o the_o british_a war_n who_o strangeness_n of_o shape_n and_o behaviour_n fill_v the_o people_n eye_n both_o with_o wonder_n and_o delight_n he_o offer_v also_o in_o the_o temple_n of_o venus_n genetrix_fw-la a_o surcote_n embroider_v with_o british_a pearl_n as_o a_o trophy_n and_o spoil_n of_o the_o ocean_n leave_v to_o posterity_n a_o perpetual_a remembrance_n of_o his_o enterprise_n in_o this_o island_n to_o the_o honour_n both_o of_o his_o own_o name_n and_o of_o the_o roman_a nation_n after_o the_o death_n of_o julius_n caesar_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n among_o the_o roman_n the_o isle_n of_o britain_n be_v for_o a_o time_n neglect_v and_o augustus_n caesar_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o empire_n which_o be_v then_o grow_v to_o such_o greatness_n as_o it_o seem_v even_o cumber_v therewith_o account_v it_o good_a policy_n to_o contain_v the_o same_o within_o it_o know_v bound_n beside_o the_o attempt_n be_v like_a to_o prove_v dangerous_a and_o a_o matter_n of_o very_o great_a expense_n to_o send_v a_o army_n so_o far_o off_o to_o make_v war_n with_o the_o british_a nation_n for_o desire_n of_o glory_n only_o no_o special_a cause_n beside_o move_v thereto_o howbeit_o as_o some_o writer_n report_v above_o twenty_o year_n after_o julius_n caesar_n first_o entrance_n augustus_n intend_v a_o voyage_n hither_o in_o person_n allege_v for_o pretence_n of_o the_o war_n the_o wrong_n offer_v to_o the_o roman_a state_n by_o such_o prince_n of_o the_o isle_n as_o have_v for_o certain_a year_n witheld_a the_o tribute_n which_o caesar_n his_o praedecessor_n have_v impose_v upon_o they_o intelligence_n whereof_o be_v get_v the_o britain_n send_v over_o ambassador_n who_o meet_v the_o emperor_n in_o france_n in_o the_o country_n between_o the_o river_n garony_n and_o seinin_n france_n gallia_n celtica_n declare_v their_o submission_n and_o desire_a pardon_n and_o the_o better_a to_o win_v favour_n they_o have_v carry_v over_o certain_a gift_n of_o good_a value_n to_o be_v present_v as_o offering_n in_o the_o roman_a capitol_n have_v already_o learned_a the_o art_n to_o flatter_v for_o advantage_n and_o to_o appease_v prince_n by_o reward_n hereupon_o a_o conditional_a peace_n be_v grant_v they_o and_o the_o emperor_n have_v pacify_v some_o trouble_n in_o gallia_n return_v to_o rome_n then_o begin_v the_o islander_n to_o pay_v tribute_n and_o custom_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o ware_n which_o they_o exchange_v with_o the_o gaul_n as_o namely_o ivory_n box_n iron_n chain_n and_o other_o trinket_n of_o amber_n and_o glass_n which_o be_v transport_v too_o and_o from_fw-mi both_o out_o of_o gallia_n and_o britain_n the_o year_n follow_v the_o britain_n have_v fail_v in_o performance_n of_o condition_n he_o prepare_v for_o another_o expedition_n but_o be_v set_v forward_o on_o his_o voyage_n the_o revolt_n of_o the_o biscayan_o the_o the_o biscayan_o cantabrian_o and_o portugal_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n between_o gallicia_n and_o portugal_n assyrian_n stay_v he_o from_o proceed_v any_o further_a therein_o after_o which_o time_n the_o britain_n be_v leave_v to_o themselves_o to_o enjoy_v their_o liberty_n and_o use_v their_o own_o law_n without_o molestation_n of_o foreign_a invader_n for_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v find_v the_o sweetness_n of_o peace_n after_o long_o civil_a war_n seek_v rather_o to_o keep_v in_o obedience_n such_o province_n as_o have_v be_v before_o time_n bring_v under_o subjection_n then_o by_o attempt_v new_a conquest_n to_o hazard_v the_o loss_n of_o that_o they_o have_v already_o get_v in_o those_o day_n the_o country_n of_o the_o troynobant_n in_o britain_n be_v govern_v by_o conobelin_n who_o keep_v his_o residence_n at_o essex_n at_o malden_n in_o essex_n camalodunum_n he_o begin_v first_o to_o reclaim_v the_o britain_n from_o their_o ill_a custom_n and_o to_o make_v his_o state_n more_o respect_v he_o afterward_o cause_v his_o own_o image_n to_o be_v stamp_v on_o his_o coin_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o roman_n a_o custom_n never_o use_v by_o the_o britain_n before_o his_o day_n and_o but_o then_o new_o receive_v by_o the_o roman_n themselves_o for_o before_o that_o time_n the_o britain_n use_v ring_n of_o iron_n and_o little_a plate_n of_o brass_n of_o a_o certain_a weight_n instead_o of_o coin_n during_o the_o time_n of_o his_o government_n
'_o imperator_fw-la victoriam_fw-la svam_fw-la gaudenter_fw-la attribuit_fw-la and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a occasion_n of_o the_o mistake_n in_o some_o historian_n or_o their_o scribe_n set_v down_o so_o many_o and_o several_a time_n when_o king_n lucius_n receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n or_o profess_v it_o many_o say_n it_o be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 156._o other_o in_o the_o year_n 164._o and_o other_o 185_o as_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n and_o other_o henry_n of_o hartford_n 169._o and_o other_o in_o other_o and_o late_a time_n that_o such_o be_v the_o state_n of_o britain_n for_o spiritual_a affair_n in_o this_o idolatry_n and_o superstition_n daily_o diminish_v and_o decay_v and_o christian_a religion_n in_o all_o place_n and_o person_n increase_v and_o multiply_v both_o authority_n and_o the_o know_v certain_a effect_n itself_o the_o sure_a testimony_n in_o such_o case_n shall_v witness_v and_o this_o be_v the_o condition_n thereof_o until_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o papacy_n of_o st._n soter_n or_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o year_n thereof_o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 175._o when_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o edict_n of_o marcus_n aurelius_n emperor_n before_o the_o strange_a delivery_n of_o he_o and_o his_o army_n by_o the_o christian_n miraculous_a prayer_n he_o suffer_v many_o christian_n to_o live_v in_o quiet_a and_o have_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o about_o he_o invenique_fw-la magnam_fw-la eorum_fw-la multitudinem_fw-la and_o see_v himself_o and_o his_o army_n in_o distress_n send_v for_o they_o and_o entreat_v they_o to_o pray_v for_o his_o delivery_n eos_n qui_fw-la apud_fw-la nos_fw-la christiani_n dicuntur_fw-la ac_fw-la accersivi_fw-la ac_fw-la rogavi_fw-la which_o he_o will_v not_o have_v do_v be_v a_o wise_a and_o learned_a emperor_n but_o that_o either_o by_o the_o apology_n of_o athenagoras_n the_o virtue_n and_o miracle_n of_o many_o christian_n or_o some_o other_o invincible_a argument_n his_o judgement_n be_v then_o whole_o or_o almost_o convict_v that_o their_o religion_n be_v holy_a and_o they_o also_o and_o therefore_o likely_a to_o be_v powerable_a with_o god_n to_o procure_v his_o safety_n which_o his_o own_o prayer_n and_o sacrifice_n to_o his_o pagan_a god_n be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v '_o deos_fw-la patrios_fw-la votis_fw-la '_o susceptis_fw-la rogavi_fw-la sed_fw-la cum_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_v negligerer_n as_o himself_o public_o profess_v and_o therefore_o prefer_v the_o prayer_n of_o the_o christian_n appeal_v unto_o they_o but_o after_o god_n by_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o christian_n which_o he_o procure_v they_o to_o make_v have_v so_o miraculous_o deliver_v he_o and_o his_o army_n consist_v but_o of_o four_o legion_n not_o 27_o thousand_o man_n environ_v almost_o with_o a_o thousand_o thousand_o of_o enemy_n as_o the_o common_a read_n be_v '_o hostium_fw-la nonagintorum_fw-la &_o septuaginta_fw-la '_o septem_fw-la millia_fw-la and_o his_o people_n distress_v with_o thirst_n and_o hunger_n not_o have_v drink_v in_o five_o day_n by_o send_v a_o most_o cool_a and_o comfort_v rain_n into_o the_o camp_n of_o the_o distress_a emperor_n and_o hail_n like_o fire_n and_o lightning_n among_o his_o enemy_n confound_v and_o discomfit_v they_o he_o present_o send_v out_o his_o imperial_a letter_n and_o edict_n charge_v the_o senate_n of_o rome_n to_o confirm_v they_o with_o their_o decree_n wherein_o whole_o ascribe_v this_o delivery_n of_o his_o army_n and_o himself_o and_o confusion_n of_o his_o enemy_n to_o the_o god_n of_o the_o christian_n and_o their_o prayer_n unto_o he_o wherein_o he_o give_v free_a liberty_n for_o any_o man_n to_o be_v a_o christian_n concedamus_fw-la talibus_fw-la ut_fw-la sint_fw-la christiani_n and_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v molest_v for_o be_v a_o christian_a for_o religion_n censeo_fw-la neminem_fw-la quod_fw-la christianus_n sit_v esse_fw-la in_o crimen_fw-la vel_fw-la judicium_fw-la vocandum_fw-la and_o he_o that_o shall_v accuse_v any_o christian_n for_o religion_n shall_v be_v burn_v alive_a and_o that_o he_o that_o shall_v profess_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o christian_n shall_v be_v free_v from_o all_o danger_n intend_v against_o he_o for_o that_o cause_n and_o no_o governor_n of_o any_o province_n shall_v punish_v any_o such_o for_o his_o religion_n or_o deprive_v he_o of_o liberty_n volo_fw-la eum_fw-la qui_fw-la christianum_fw-la accusarit_fw-la vivum_fw-la exuri_fw-la illum_fw-la vero_fw-la qui_fw-la se_fw-la christianum_fw-la esse_fw-la professus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la periculo_fw-la omni_fw-la quod_fw-la ob_fw-la eam_fw-la rem_fw-la intendebatur_fw-la liberatum_fw-la be_v cvi_fw-la provincia_fw-la commissa_fw-la est_fw-la nequaquam_fw-la ad_fw-la poenitentiam_fw-la adigat_fw-la aut_fw-la libertatem_fw-la ei_fw-la adimat_fw-la and_o he_o will_v these_o thing_n to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o senate_n decree_n and_o this_o his_o edict_n to_o be_v propose_v in_o open_a market_n place_n to_o be_v read_v and_o that_o the_o perfect_a of_o the_o city_n then_o vetrasius_fw-la pollio_n shall_v cause_v it_o to_o be_v send_v to_o all_o province_n and_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v forbid_v to_o write_v it_o out_o haec_fw-la autem_fw-la senatus_n consulto_fw-la etiam_fw-la sanciri_fw-la volo_fw-la atque_fw-la hoc_fw-la meum_fw-la edictum_fw-la in_o foro_fw-la divi_z trajani_n proponi_fw-la ut_fw-la legi_fw-la possit_fw-la curae_fw-la autem_fw-la erit_fw-la vetrasio_fw-la pollioni_n praefecto_fw-la vrbis_fw-la ut_fw-la ad_fw-la omnes_fw-la provincias_fw-la haec_fw-la constitutio_fw-la mittatur_fw-la neque_fw-la quisquam_fw-la qui_fw-la eam_fw-la exscribere_fw-la vel_fw-la ipse_fw-la uti_fw-la voluerit_fw-la prohibeatur_fw-la this_o be_v send_v to_o the_o whole_a senate_n of_o rome_n senatui_fw-la populoque_fw-la romano_n and_o by_o the_o emperor_n public_a charge_n and_o command_v as_o into_o other_o province_n so_o likewise_o send_v into_o britain_n for_o the_o privilege_n of_o all_o christian_n there_o by_o the_o emperor_n public_a officer_n in_o such_o affair_n the_o ruler_n of_o the_o ctiy_n of_o rome_n ad_fw-la omnes_fw-la provincias_fw-la haec_fw-la constituo_fw-la mittatur_fw-la any_o man_n that_o will_v may_v free_o be_v a_o christian_n and_o no_o man_n under_o pain_n of_o cruel_a death_n to_o burn_v be_v alive_a may_v call_v any_o into_o question_n for_o that_o cause_n and_o to_o give_v great_a testimony_n of_o those_o thing_n in_o britain_n and_o see_v this_o imperial_a edict_n for_o the_o freedom_n of_o christian_n here_o take_v place_n and_o effect_n whereas_o our_o english_a antiquary_n and_o other_o tell_v we_o 181._o floren._n wigorn._n chronic._n anno_fw-la 159._o 181._o that_o trebellius_n and_o pertinax_n the_o roman_a lieutenant_n here_o about_o this_o time_n be_v christian_n our_o countryman_n florentius_n wigorniensis_n plain_o affirm_v that_o pertinax_n be_v a_o chief_a commander_n in_o the_o emperor_n army_n when_o this_o miraculous_a victory_n be_v by_o the_o christian_n prayer_n and_o this_o edict_n write_v and_o decree_v for_o their_o freedom_n and_o liberty_n and_o probable_o be_v then_o convert_v to_o the_o faith_n by_o this_o miracle_n and_o the_o emperor_n himself_o who_o in_o his_o public_a cite_a edict_n do_v say_v of_o christian_n that_o in_o equity_n he_o must_v think_v they_o now_o to_o be_v defend_v by_o god_n who_o before_o he_o account_v for_o wicked_a man_n and_o alienate_v from_o god_n must_v needs_o be_v a_o christian_n in_o conscience_n and_o judgement_n and_o he_o must_v needs_o at_o the_o least_o believe_v that_o true_a god_n who_o he_o say_v the_o christian_n do_v bear_v in_o their_o conscience_n and_o in_o no_o wise_a a_o learned_a emperor_n can_v or_o will_v in_o judgement_n reason_n equity_n and_o conscience_n make_v a_o law_n to_o condemn_v man_n to_o so_o cruel_a a_o death_n as_o burn_v alive_a which_o he_o afflict_v upon_o the_o accuser_n of_o christian_n except_o he_o know_v or_o probable_o think_v their_o accusation_n be_v unjust_a and_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o accuse_v lawful_a just_a and_o holy_a coillus_n coillus_n the_o son_n of_o marius_n be_v after_o his_o father_n decease_n make_v king_n of_o britain_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 125._o rome_n k._n coillus_n bring_v up_o at_o rome_n say_v holinsh_v fabian_n say_v 126._o this_o coillus_n or_o coill_n have_v his_o youthful_a education_n among_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o very_a imperial_a city_n itself_o who_o be_v of_o a_o martial_a spirit_n apply_v his_o time_n to_o warlike_a exercise_n in_o which_o he_o so_o excel_v that_o he_o be_v both_o admire_v and_o belove_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o to_o requite_v their_o favour_n and_o to_o continue_v towards_o he_o their_o good_a affection_n he_o pay_v without_o any_o grudge_n or_o seem_v discontent_n their_o accustom_a tribute_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o spend_v his_o day_n in_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n he_o so_o far_o excel_v in_o bounty_n &_o liberality_n that_o he_o draw_v unto_o himself_o the_o heart_n and_o good_a will_n both_o of_o the_o noble_n and_o commons_o the_o building_n of_o colchester_n be_v ascribe_v to_o this_o king_n which_o be_v the_o
now_o much_o worse_a than_o before_o the_o saxon_n arrival_n that_o stranger_n under_o the_o colour_n of_o friendship_n rob_v they_o of_o their_o good_n and_o bereave_v they_o of_o their_o land_n that_o the_o secret_a practice_n of_o such_o as_o they_o trust_v be_v no_o less_o to_o be_v fear_v then_o open_a hostility_n and_o that_o if_o speedy_a order_n be_v not_o take_v to_o expel_v they_o they_o will_v in_o short_a time_n root_n out_o the_o ancient_a britain_n and_o make_v themselves_o lord_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n but_o vorteger_n who_o affection_n to_o his_o wife_n and_o her_o kindred_n weigh_v down_o all_o other_o respect_n whatsoever_o neglect_v their_o complaint_n till_o by_o his_o own_o experience_n he_o be_v teach_v what_o dangerous_a inconvenience_n proceed_v from_o wilful_a rashness_n and_o misgovernment_n for_o the_o britain_n disdain_v to_o be_v any_o long_o command_v by_o such_o a_o prince_n subject_n vortiger_n despise_v by_o his_o own_o subject_n as_o have_v neither_o power_n to_o command_v his_o own_o affection_n nor_o care_n to_o provide_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o subject_n declare_v he_o uncapable_a and_o by_o a_o general_a consent_n deprive_v he_o of_o all_o regal_a authority_n vortimer_n vortimer_n the_o son_n of_o vortiger_n a_o man_n in_o disposition_n of_o mind_n much_o like_o his_o father_n be_v declare_v king_n and_o renew_v the_o war_n with_o the_o saxon_n who_o he_o encounter_v in_o a_o pitch_a field_n near_o alisford_n in_o kent_n in_o that_o conflict_n catigern_n his_o brother_n and_o horsa_n the_o brother_n of_o hengist_n fight_v hand_n to_o hand_n be_v both_o slay_v whereby_o though_o the_o saxon_n perish_v in_o great_a number_n than_o the_o britain_n yet_o by_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o general_n on_o both_o side_n the_o fortune_n of_o the_o battle_n seem_v in_o a_o manner_n to_o be_v equal_a on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o britain_n there_o die_v no_o man_n of_o name_n save_v only_a catigern_n in_o remembrance_n of_o who_o death_n there_o be_v afterward_o a_o sepulchre_n of_o stone_n erect_v where_o the_o battle_n be_v fight_v the_o like_a monument_n be_v also_o build_v by_o the_o saxon_n for_o horsa_n their_o captain_n though_o time_n have_v now_o deface_v it_o howbeit_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o place_n itself_o if_o credit_n may_v be_v give_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n there_o iscontinue_v among_o they_o even_o to_o this_o day_n by_o a_o small_a village_n in_o east_n kent_n yet_o bear_v his_o name_n after_o this_o the_o britain_n make_v divers_a attempt_n upon_o their_o enemy_n sometime_o win_v sometime_o lose_v and_o then_o recover_v again_o that_o which_o they_o have_v lose_v when_o vortimer_n the_o king_n end_v his_o day_n either_o by_o a_o natural_a death_n or_o by_o the_o treachery_n of_o rowen_n his_o stepmother_n he_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o great_a courage_n adorn_v with_o many_o moral_a virtue_n and_o as_o some_o writer_n have_v report_v a_o favourer_n and_o professor_n of_o christian_a religion_n vortiger_n restore_v now_o be_v vortiger_n either_o by_o a_o hope_n that_o adversity_n have_v wrought_v upon_o he_o a_o reformation_n of_o mind_n 191._o british_a hist_n part_n second_o fol._n 191._o or_o else_o for_o fear_v lest_o any_o civil_a discord_n shall_v arise_v by_o the_o election_n of_o a_o other_o revoke_v with_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o restore_v to_o his_o former_a estate_n during_o his_o son_n reign_v as_o history_n report_v he_o live_v a_o private_a life_n near_o radnor_n in_o wales_n where_o he_o bestow_v much_o cost_n in_o build_v a_o castle_n for_o defence_n as_o he_o vain_o imagine_v against_o any_o sudden_a assault_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o strength_n of_o the_o saxon_n increase_v by_o new_a supply_n which_o come_v daily_o out_o of_o germany_n and_o the_o britain_n doubt_v their_o own_o estate_n so_o much_o the_o more_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o pict_n and_o scottish_a man_n their_o ancient_a enemy_n be_v disperse_v in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o isle_n the_o saxon_n also_o for_o their_o own_o advantage_n enter_v often_o time_n into_o secret_a conference_n and_o mutual_a league_n with_o they_o but_o hengist_n suppose_v that_o he_o can_v not_o with_o safety_n enjoy_v the_o possession_n of_o that_o territory_n which_o vortiger_n have_v assign_v unto_o he_o so_o long_o as_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o valiant_a of_o the_o british_a nation_n remain_v alive_a saxon_n the_o treachery_n of_o the_o saxon_n devise_v by_o a_o cunning_a practice_n under_o pretence_n of_o hospitality_n and_o friendship_n to_o draw_v they_o together_o into_o one_o place_n and_o on_o the_o sudden_a to_o surprise_n they_o to_o this_o end_n he_o prepare_v a_o solemn_a banquet_n at_o which_o the_o king_n with_o divers_a noble_a personage_n as_o bid_v guest_n be_v present_a suspect_v nothing_o less_o than_o what_o be_v intend_v against_o they_o for_o the_o britain_n be_v warm_a with_o good_a cheer_n and_o wine_n whereof_o they_o have_v drink_v immeasurable_o be_v scoff_v at_o by_o the_o saxon_n britain_n drunkenness_n the_o ruin_n of_o the_o britain_n the_o one_o provoke_v the_o other_o so_o far_o with_o reproachful_a term_n that_o in_o the_o end_n they_o fall_v from_o word_n to_o blow_n in_o such_o furious_a manner_n as_o the_o britain_n be_v about_o 300_o in_o number_n all_o un_fw-we arm_a and_o surcharge_v with_o wine_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o place_n and_o vortiger_n their_o king_n take_v prisoner_n who_o soon_o after_o deliver_v for_o his_o ransom_n the_o whole_a country_n of_o kent_n with_o other_o province_n thereto_o belong_v and_o adjoin_v into_o the_o saxon_n hand_n flee_v to_o his_o castle_n in_o wales_n where_o suppose_v himself_o free_a from_o danger_n he_o continue_v his_o vicious_a and_o profane_a manner_n of_o live_v till_o in_o the_o end_n both_o himself_o and_o his_o castle_n as_o some_o writer_n affirm_v be_v by_o light_v from_o heaven_n consume_v to_o ash_n thus_o vortiger_n the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o british_a blood_n a_o prince_n in_o manner_n dissolute_a and_o weak_a in_o action_n be_v by_o stranger_n dispossess_v of_o his_o kingdom_n live_v to_o see_v the_o ruin_n of_o his_o country_n whereof_o himself_o be_v the_o principal_a cause_n and_o die_v in_o the_o end_n a_o strange_a and_o unnatural_a death_n which_o be_v common_o the_o issue_n of_o a_o disorder_a and_o infamous_a life_n the_o report_n go_v that_o this_o fatal_a meeting_n be_v hold_v upon_o salisbury-plain_n where_o not_o many_o year_n after_o aurelius_n ambrose_n cause_v that_o strange_a build_n of_o stone_n now_o call_v stone-hedge_n to_o be_v erect_v as_o a_o perpetual_a monument_n of_o so_o many_o worthy_a britain_n slay_a and_o bury_v there_o concern_v which_o sundry_a conjecture_n have_v be_v make_v as_o be_v either_o frame_v according_a to_o man_n particular_a conceit_n or_o ground_v upon_o common_a report_n receive_v by_o tradition_n but_o by_o what_o mean_v so_o ever_o they_o come_v thither_o they_o be_v account_v at_o this_o day_n one_o of_o the_o miracle_n of_o england_n in_o regard_n both_o of_o the_o stone_n themselves_o which_o be_v of_o a_o huge_a bigness_n as_o also_o of_o their_o position_n and_o order_n whereby_o they_o seem_v in_o a_o manner_n to_o be_v support_v with_o their_o own_o weight_n in_o hang_v one_o by_o a_o other_o consider_v withal_o that_o there_o be_v no_o stone_n for_o building_n to_o be_v find_v within_o many_o mile_n of_o that_o place_n now_o be_v the_o britain_n drive_v from_o place_n to_o place_n some_o fly_n to_o the_o mountain_n other_o hide_v themselves_o in_o cave_n under_o ground_n where_o they_o either_o perish_v for_o want_n of_o food_n or_o come_v abroad_o to_o seek_v for_o relief_n be_v cruel_o murder_v their_o enemy_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n range_v up_o and_o down_o without_o resistance_n rafe_v their_o house_n britain_n the_o woeful_a condition_n of_o the_o britain_n pollute_v the_o altar_n in_o their_o temple_n with_o the_o blood_n of_o their_o priest_n burn_v the_o temple_n themselves_o and_o commit_v all_o manner_n of_o sacrilege_n and_o outrage_n without_o regard_n of_o place_n or_o person_n for_o the_o saxon_n as_o by_o little_a and_o little_o they_o plant_v themselves_o in_o the_o most_o wealthy_a and_o fruitful_a part_n of_o the_o isle_n so_o they_o endeavour_v to_o supplant_v the_o true_a christian_a religion_n whereof_o they_o profess_v themselves_o open_a enemy_n as_o man_n mere_o addict_v to_o heathenish_a superstition_n in_o worship_v divers_a god_n and_o goddess_n among_o who_o the_o image_n of_o thor_n woden_n from_fw-mi and_o eoster_n be_v place_v in_o their_o temple_n as_o their_o chief_a patron_n they_o paint_a thor_n with_o a_o sceptre_n in_o his_o hand_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o the_o poet_n use_v to_o describe_v the_o image_n of_o jupiter_n and_o he_o they_o reverence_v as_o the_o commander_n and_o disposer_n of_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n
general_a council_n or_o counsel_n but_o hard_o it_o be_v to_o reclaim_v a_o heretic_n then_o to_o convert_v a_o infidel_n yet_o almighty_a god_n out_o of_o his_o infinite_a goodness_n never_o suffer_v any_o heresy_n to_o arise_v but_o present_o he_o send_v a_o remedy_n by_o provide_v both_o learned_a and_o pious_a man_n to_o withstand_v oppose_v and_o suppress_v it_o dubritius_fw-la therefore_o that_o be_v bishop_n of_o landaff_n and_o after_o archbishop_n of_o caerleon_n arnaske_n and_o his_o successor_n david_n with_o other_o learned_a man_n earnest_o both_o by_o preach_v and_o write_v defend_v the_o contrary_a cause_n to_o the_o confute_v of_o those_o error_n and_o re-establish_a the_o truth_n this_o holy_a bishop_n st._n dubritius_fw-la be_v of_o such_o sanctity_n of_o life_n that_o after_o st._n german_n and_o his_o associate_n departure_n hence_o 38._o capg_n in_o st._n dubritius_fw-la antiq._n eccl._n hard._n harpsfield_n hist_o eccl._n angliae_fw-la fol._n 38._o he_o together_o with_o st._n david_n be_v the_o pope_n legate_n or_o great_a commander_n here_o by_o the_o high_a spiritual_a power_n st._n dubritius_fw-la be_v a_o famous_a master_n to_o many_o learned_a scholar_n harpsfield_n speak_v of_o the_o remarkable_a holy_a and_o learned_a man_n of_o that_o time_n say_v among_o who_o dubritius_fw-la gainius_n vagensis_fw-la of_o or_o near_o the_o river_n wye_n a_o south-wales_n man_n of_o monmoth_n shire_n first_o come_v in_o order_n to_o be_v speak_v of_o who_o first_o set_v up_o a_o school_n near_o the_o river_n wye_n where_o thelianus_n samson_n and_o aidan_n be_v his_o scholar_n he_o himself_o have_v former_o be_v a_o disciple_n of_o st._n german_n under_o who_o conduct_n the_o britain_n obtain_v a_o miraculous_a victory_n against_o the_o saxon_n who_o be_v a_o earnest_a opposer_n of_o the_o pelagian_a heresy_n who_o example_n st._n dubritius_fw-la follow_v both_o by_o preach_v and_o write_v leyland_n john_n capg_n john_n leyland_n he_o be_v first_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n and_o afterward_o atchbishop_n of_o caerleon_n harpsfield_n here_o mistake_v and_o place_v his_o see_n at_o westchester_n which_o never_o have_v either_o arch_a flamen_n or_o archbishop_n but_o both_o these_o city_n be_v call_v indifferent_o caerleon_n breed_v that_o error_n mr._n porter_n in_o in_o his_o life_n of_o saint_n be_v in_o the_o same_o mistake_n this_o bless_a man_n grow_v full_a in_o year_n leave_v his_o honour_n and_o dignity_n polid._n pitseus_n conc._n polid._n and_o with_o other_o associate_n betake_v himself_o to_o the_o wilderness_n or_o solitary_a and_o unfrequented_a mountain_n where_o they_o live_v by_o the_o labour_n of_o their_o hand_n and_o then_o at_o last_o render_v up_o his_o pure_a soul_n in_o all_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n to_o his_o creator_n the_o eightenth_n of_o the_o kalend_n of_o december_n whilst_o this_o bless_a man_n hold_v the_o see_v of_o landaff_n nod_v a_o son_n of_o king_n arthur_n give_v certain_a land_n lie_v by_o the_o river_n of_o taff_n or_o teiny_n unto_o that_o church_n which_o be_v call_v benalin_n and_o landeiliaw_n vanur_v 13._o hen._n hunt_n l._n 2._o cap._n 13._o as_o be_v record_v in_o the_o monument_n of_o that_o church_n this_o bishop_n set_v the_o british_a crown_n upon_o the_o head_n both_o of_o aurelius_n ambrose_n as_o also_o arthur_n and_o in_o the_o famous_a and_o renown_a battle_n fight_v against_o the_o saxon_n at_o the_o city_n of_o badan_n now_o call_v bath_n besiege_v that_o place_n this_o dubritius_fw-la be_v personal_o present_a with_o sweet_a and_o divine_a exhortation_n encourage_v the_o soldier_n to_o fight_v manful_o against_o the_o pagan_n and_o enemy_n of_o christian_a faith_n lay_v before_o their_o eye_n the_o lamentable_a destruction_n of_o their_o country_n occasion_v by_o those_o miscreant_n and_o how_o glorious_a that_o death_n will_v be_v where_o life_n be_v spend_v in_o so_o good_a a_o cause_n and_o likewise_o what_o reward_n they_o may_v expect_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o almighty_a god_n for_o so_o christian-like_a service_n that_o day_n prove_v most_o glorious_a unto_o the_o britain_n who_o purchase_v a_o most_o absolute_a victory_n obtain_v as_o all_o imagine_a by_o the_o prayer_n of_o st._n dubritius_fw-la he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 555._o in_o the_o wilderness_n or_o solitude_n before_o speak_v of_o call_v enli_n but_o in_o the_o year_n eleven_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o his_o body_n be_v translate_v to_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o landaff_n by_o vrban_a bishop_n of_o that_o see_n i_o esteem_v say_v harpsfield_n king_n arthur_n though_o many_o thing_n be_v ridiculous_o foist_v upon_o he_o a_o prince_n so_o worthy_a to_o have_v his_o glory_n eternize_v that_o even_o in_o ecclesiastical_a history_n he_o deserve_v to_o have_v his_o name_n register_v for_o what_o can_v be_v more_o renown_a and_o become_v a_o true_a christian_a prince_n then_o to_o expose_v his_o life_n estate_n and_o all_o for_o god_n sake_n with_o arthur_n who_o most_o valiant_o oppose_v and_o overthrow_v the_o saxon_n who_o not_o only_o have_v tread_v the_o britain_n but_o even_o religion_n itself_o under_o foot_n twelve_o time_n he_o join_v battle_n with_o they_o and_o twelve_o time_n come_v out_o of_o the_o field_n victorious_a among_o all_o which_o the_o great_a trophy_n and_o triumph_n which_o he_o purchase_v be_v that_o at_o bath_n in_o which_o say_v this_o author_n praecipue_fw-la post_fw-la deum_fw-la in_o beatae_fw-la mariae_fw-la open_a spem_fw-la posuit_fw-la after_o almighty_a god_n he_o put_v his_o chief_a confidence_n in_o the_o help_n of_o the_o b._n virgin_n and_o therefore_o advance_v her_o effigy_n and_o picture_n in_o his_o shield_n 22._o king_n arthur_n arm_n mr._n boswel_o in_o his_o armoury_n fol._n 22._o king_n arthur_n that_o mighty_a conqueror_n and_o worthy_a have_v so_o great_a affection_n and_o love_n to_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n that_o he_o leave_v his_o arm_n which_o he_o bear_v before_o wherein_o be_v figure_v three_o dragon_n and_o another_o of_o three_o crown_n or_o thirteen_o as_o the_o french_a say_v 33331._o viz._n azure_a 13._o crown_n or_o and_o assume_v and_o take_v to_o his_o arm_n as_o proper_a to_o his_o desire_n a_o cross_a silver_n in_o a_o field_n verd._n on_o the_o first_o quarter_n whereof_o be_v figure_v a_o image_n of_o our_o lady_n with_o her_o son_n in_o her_o arm_n and_o bear_v that_o sign_n he_o do_v many_o marvail_n in_o arm_n as_o in_o his_o book_n of_o act_n and_o valiant_a conquest_n be_v remember_v and_o what_o can_v be_v speak_v say_v the_o former_a writer_n more_o honourable_o of_o any_o conqueror_n than_o may_v be_v say_v of_o this_o our_o arthur_n for_o that_o scum_n or_o dregs_o of_o miscreant_n the_o saxon_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n quite_o sweep_v out_o of_o britain_n he_o sole_o apply_v his_o thought_n to_o the_o repair_n of_o temple_n and_o church_n 168._o hen._n hunt_n li._n 9_o p._n 167._o k._n 168._o which_o those_o pagan_n have_v demolish_v and_o ruin_v especial_o at_o york_n where_o the_o storm_n of_o that_o persecution_n do_v most_o rage_n beside_o many_o other_o as_o at_o glastenbury_n where_o he_o spare_v no_o cost_n nor_o charge_n in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o most_o heroic_a king_n this_o island_n be_v adorn_v with_o divers_a learned_a and_o eminent_a man_n as_o iltutus_n canigellus_n david_n machutus_n and_o sundry_a other_o iltutus_n bear_v in_o the_o county_n of_o glamorgan_n and_o therefore_o call_v morganensis_fw-la who_o some_o also_o call_v eclhutus_n contemn_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o birth_n and_o all_o the_o vanity_n and_o folly_n of_o the_o world_n as_o impediment_n to_o devotion_n and_o heavenly_a contemplation_n withdraw_v himself_o from_o all_o company_n of_o worldling_n and_o go_v unto_o st._n dubritius_fw-la to_o lead_v a_o austere_a and_o solitary_a life_n where_o he_o arrive_v unto_o so_o great_a perfection_n that_o he_o himself_o become_v a_o spiritual_a master_n and_o have_v many_o disciple_n as_o samson_n david_n paulinus_n and_o gildas_n badonicus_n and_o other_o iltutus_n die_v in_o the_o ides_n of_o november_n the_o welsh_a even_o to_o these_o our_o day_n celebrate_v a_o annual_a festival_n day_n in_o honour_n of_o this_o saint_n as_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o church_n dedicate_v unto_o he_o and_o in_o that_o language_n call_v llan_n iltutus_n congellus_n be_v abbot_n of_o the_o famous_a monastery_n of_o bangor_n the_o nursery_n from_o whence_o so_o many_o learned_a man_n as_o fill_v the_o whole_a christian_a world_n with_o admiration_n of_o their_o learning_n and_o sanctity_n do_v spring_n disciple_n to_o this_o saintly_o abbot_n were_z st._n columbanus_n and_o st._n brandon_n columbanus_n take_v the_o habit_n of_o religion_n at_o bangor_n and_o fill_v scotland_n ireland_n italy_n gallia_n and_o germany_n with_o admiration_n of_o his_o sanctity_n and_o learning_n king_n arthur_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n have_v enemy_n lotho_n and_o conradus_n his_o ally_n who_o
britain_n be_v imprison_v and_o edwal_n voel_n the_o son_n of_o anarawd_n and_o elise_n his_o brother_n be_v slay_v in_o a_o battle_n which_o they_o fight_v against_o the_o dane_n and_o englishman_n this_o edwal_n have_v six_o son_n meiric_a janaf_a or_o jenan_n jago_n which_o be_v james_n conan_n edwal_n vachan_n and_o roderick_n after_o who_o death_n howel_n dha_n his_o cousin_n german_n rule_v all_o wales_n during_o his_o life_n elise_n also_o have_v issue_n conan_n and_o a_o daughter_n name_v traw_v which_o be_v mother_n to_o conan_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n and_o blethin_n ap_fw-mi covyn_n which_o two_o last_n be_v afterward_o prince_n of_o wales_n howel_n dha_n this_o howel_n dha_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o southwales_n and_o of_o powis_n long_o before_o this_o time_n after_o the_o death_n of_o edwal_n voel_n his_o cousin_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o all_o wales_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 940._o who_o notwithstanding_o the_o son_n of_o edwal_n do_v something_o murmur_v against_o he_o be_v for_o his_o godly_a behaviour_n discreet_a and_o just_a rule_n belove_v of_o man_n this_o howel_n constitute_v and_o make_v law_n to_o be_v keep_v through_o his_o dominion_n which_o be_v use_v in_o wales_n till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o inhabitant_n receive_v the_o law_n of_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o in_o some_o place_n thereof_o long_o after_o these_o law_n be_v to_o be_v see_v at_o this_o day_n both_o in_o welsh_a and_o latin_a howel_n dha_n perceive_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o his_o country_n to_o have_v grow_v unto_o great_a abuse_n send_v for_o the_o archbishop_n of_o menenia_n and_o all_o the_o other_o bishop_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o clergy_n prince_n a_o pious_a example_n for_o all_o prince_n to_o the_o number_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o prelate_n and_o all_o the_o baron_n and_o noble_n of_o wales_n and_o cause_v six_o man_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o best_a esteem_v in_o every_o comote_v to_o be_v call_v before_o he_o who_o he_o command_v to_o meet_v altogether_o at_o his_o house_n call_v y_o tuy_n gwyn_n taf_n that_o be_v the_o white_a house_n upon_o the_o river_n taf._n thither_o he_o come_v himself_o and_o there_o remain_v with_o those_o his_o noble_n prelate_n and_o subject_n all_o the_o lend_v in_o prayer_n and_o fast_v crave_v the_o assistance_n and_o direction_n of_o god_n holy_a spirit_n that_o he_o may_v reform_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n of_o wales_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o quiet_a government_n of_o the_o people_n about_o the_o end_n of_o lent_n he_o choose_v out_o of_o that_o company_n twelve_o man_n of_o the_o wise_a grave_a and_o of_o the_o great_a experience_n to_o who_o he_o add_v one_o clerk_n or_o doctor_n of_o the_o law_n name_v blegor_v a_o singular_a learned_a and_o perfect_a wise_a man_n these_o have_v in_o charge_n to_o examine_v the_o old_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n and_o to_o gather_v of_o such_o as_o be_v meet_v for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o country_n which_o they_o do_v retain_v those_o that_o be_v wholesome_a and_o profitable_a expound_v those_o that_o be_v doubtful_a and_o ambiguous_a and_o abrogate_a those_o that_o be_v superfluous_a and_o hurtful_a and_o so_o ordain_v three_o sort_n of_o law_n the_o first_o for_o order_v of_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n household_n and_o his_o court._n the_o second_o of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o country_n and_o commonwealth_n the_o three_o of_o the_o special_a custom_n belong_v to_o particular_a place_n and_o person_n of_o all_o the_o which_o be_v read_v allow_v and_o proclaim_v he_o cause_v three_o several_a book_n to_o be_v write_v one_o for_o his_o daily_a use_n to_o follow_v his_o court_n a_o other_o to_o lie_v in_o his_o palace_n at_o abersfrew_n and_o the_o three_o at_o dinevour_v that_o all_o the_o three_o province_n of_o wales_n may_v have_v the_o use_n of_o the_o same_o when_o need_v require_v apostolic_a the_o king_n and_o prince_n of_o britain_n much_o observant_a of_o the_o see_v apostolic_a and_o for_o the_o better_a observation_n of_o these_o law_n he_o procure_v of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o st._n david_n to_o denounce_v sentence_n of_o excommunication_n against_o such_o of_o his_o subject_n as_o refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o same_o whithin_v a_o while_n after_o howel_n because_o he_o will_v omit_v nothing_o that_o can_v bring_v countenance_n and_o authority_n to_o his_o say_a law_n go_v to_o rome_n take_v with_o he_o the_o archbishop_n of_o st._n david_n the_o bishop_n of_o bangor_n and_o asaph_n and_o thirteen_o other_o of_o the_o learn_a and_o wise_a man_n in_o wales_n where_o the_o say_v law_n be_v recite_v before_o the_o pope_n be_v by_o his_o authority_n confirm_v then_o have_v finish_v his_o devote_a pilgrimage_n he_o return_v home_o again_o with_o his_o company_n 1._o by_o these_o law_n they_o may_v not_o mortgage_v their_o land_n but_o to_o one_o of_o the_o same_o family_n or_o kindred_n which_o be_v the_o eadem_fw-la parentela_n 2._o every_o tenant_n hold_v of_o any_o other_o than_o his_o prince_n or_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n pay_v a_o fine_a pro_fw-la defension_n regia_n which_o be_v call_v arian_n ardhel_n in_o latin_a advocarii_fw-la 3._o no_o legacy_n of_o good_n by_o will_n be_v good_a otherwise_o then_o those_o which_o be_v give_v to_o the_o church_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n or_o for_o payment_n of_o debt_n 4._o every_o man_n may_v destrain_v as_o well_o for_o debt_n as_o for_o rent_n of_o land_n any_o good_n or_o cattle_n save_v horse_n which_o be_v count_v to_o serve_v for_o a_o man_n necessary_a defence_n and_o be_v not_o destrainable_a without_o the_o prince_n licence_n 5._o cause_n of_o inheritance_n be_v not_o hear_v or_o determine_v but_o from_o the_o nine_o of_o november_n till_o the_o nine_o of_o february_n or_o from_o the_o nine_o of_o may_n until_o the_o nine_o of_o august_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o year_n be_v count_v a_o time_n of_o vacation_n for_o sow_v in_o the_o spring_n and_o reap_v in_o the_o harvest_n this_o also_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o all_o matter_n of_o inheritance_n of_o land_n be_v determine_v and_o adjudge_v by_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n in_o person_n or_o his_o special_a deputy_n if_o he_o be_v sick_a or_o impotent_a and_o that_o upon_o the_o view_n of_o the_o say_a land_n call_v unto_o he_o the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o same_o place_n two_o elder_n of_o his_o council_n the_o chief_a justice_n attend_v always_o in_o the_o court_n the_o ordinary_a judge_n of_o the_o country_n where_o the_o land_n lie_v and_o the_o priest_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o proceed_n be_v thus_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n sit_v in_o his_o judicial_a seat_n high_o than_o the_o rest_n with_o a_o elder_a on_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o a_o other_o on_o his_o left_a and_o the_o freeholder_n on_o both_o side_n next_o unto_o they_o which_o for_o this_o cause_n as_o i_o think_v be_v call_v vchelwyr_n before_o he_o direct_o a_o certain_a distance_n off_o and_o a_o little_o low_a sit_v the_o chief_a justice_n have_v the_o priest_n on_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n of_o that_o country_n on_o the_o left_a the_o court_n be_v set_v the_o plaintiff_n come_v in_o with_o his_o advocate_n champion_n and_o rhyngyth_n and_o stand_v on_o the_o right_a side_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o witness_n on_o both_o party_n come_v which_o stand_v direct_o before_o the_o chief_a justice_n at_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o hall_n until_o they_o be_v call_v up_o to_o testify_v the_o truth_n of_o their_o knowledge_n in_o the_o matter_n in_o varitance_n the_o figure_n of_o which_o i_o think_v good_a here_o to_o lay_v down_o as_o you_o see_v underneath_o uchelwyr_n a_o elder_a the_o king_n a_o elder_a uchelwyr_n the_o priest_n the_o chief_a justice_n the_o judge_n the_o defendant_n  _fw-fr the_o plaintiff_n rhyngyth_n  _fw-fr rhyngyth_n advocate_n  _fw-fr advocate_n champion_n the_o witness_n champion_n after_o the_o hear_n of_o this_o book_n read_v the_o deposition_n of_o the_o witness_n and_o full_a plead_n of_o the_o cause_n in_o open_a court_n upon_o warn_v give_v by_o the_o rhyngyth_n the_o chief_a justice_n the_o priest_n and_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n withdraw_v themselves_o for_o a_o while_n to_o consult_v of_o the_o matter_n and_o then_o secundum_fw-la allegata_fw-la &_o probata_fw-la bring_v their_o verdict_n the_o court_n sit_v whereupon_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n after_o consultation_n have_v with_o the_o elder_n or_o senior_n which_o sit_v by_o he_o give_v definitive_a sentence_n except_o the_o matter_n be_v so_o obscure_a and_o intricate_a that_o right_a and_o truth_n appear_v not_o in_o the_o which_o case_n it_o be_v try_v by_o the_o two_o champion_n and_o so_o
and_o englishman_n make_v war_n against_o such_o as_o succour_v and_o defend_v his_o uncle_n jago_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n of_o lhyyn_n and_o kelynnoc_n vawr_n whereby_o short_o after_o jago_n be_v take_v by_o howel_n man_n who_o enjoy_v his_o part_n of_o the_o land_n peaceable_o year_n 979_o about_o the_o year_n 979._o edwal_n vachan_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n be_v slay_v by_o his_o nephew_n howel_n at_o this_o time_n custenym_n dhu_n that_o be_v constantine_n the_o black_a son_n to_o jago_n which_o then_o be_v prisoner_n hire_v godfryd_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n with_o his_o dane_n against_o his_o cousin_n and_o they_o both_o together_o destroy_v anglesey_n and_o lhyyn_n whereupon_o howel_n gather_v his_o army_n together_o and_o set_v upon_o they_o at_o a_o place_n call_v gwath_n hirbarth_n overthrow_v they_o where_o constantine_n be_v slay_v year_n 981_o the_o year_n 981._o godfryd_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n gather_v a_o great_a army_n and_o enter_v west_n wales_n where_o spoil_v all_o the_o land_n of_o dynet_n with_o the_o church_n of_o st._n david_n he_o fight_v the_o battle_n of_o lhanwanoc_n likewise_o in_o the_o year_n next_o ensue_v duke_n alfred_n with_o a_o army_n of_o englishman_n spoil_v and_o destroy_v brechnock_n and_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o southwales_n against_o who_o eneon_n the_o son_n of_o the_o say_v owen_n and_o howel_n king_n of_o north-wales_n do_v raise_v all_o their_o power_n and_o overthrow_v they_o in_o battle_n where_o the_o great_a part_n of_o alfred_n army_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o rest_n put_v to_o flight_n the_o year_n follow_v the_o gentleman_n of_o gwentland_n rebel_v against_o their_o prince_n and_o cruel_o slay_v eneon_n the_o soâ—_n of_o owen_n which_o come_v thither_o to_o appease_v they_o this_o eneon_n be_v a_o worthy_a and_o noble_a gentleman_n who_o do_v many_o notable_a act_n in_o his_o father_n time_n and_o leave_v behind_o two_o son_n edwin_n and_o theodor_n or_o tewdor_n mawr_z of_o who_o come_v afterward_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n of_o southwales_n in_o the_o year_n 984._o howel_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_a king_n of_o wales_n entered_z england_z with_o a_o army_n where_o he_o be_v fight_v and_o slay_v valiant_o fight_v this_o howel_n have_v no_o son_n but_o his_o brethren_n reign_v in_o his_o place_n cadwallon_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_n after_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n his_o brother_n cadwallon_n the_o second_o son_n of_o janaf_n take_v in_o hand_n the_o government_n of_o north-wales_n and_o first_o make_v war_n with_o jonaval_a his_o cofin_n the_o son_n of_o meyric_n and_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o land_n and_o slay_v he_o but_o edwal_n the_o young_a brother_n escape_v away_o secret_o the_o year_n follow_v meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o southwales_n with_o all_o his_o people_n enter_v into_o north-wales_n and_o in_o fight_n slay_v cadwallon_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_n and_o meyric_n his_o brother_n and_o conquer_v the_o land_n to_o himself_o wherein_o a_o man_n may_v see_v how_o god_n punish_v the_o wrong_n which_o jago_n and_o janaf_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n do_v to_o their_o elder_a brother_n meyrick_n who_o be_v first_o disinherit_v and_o afterward_o his_o eye_n put_v out_o and_o one_o of_o his_o son_n slay_v for_o first_o janaf_n be_v imprison_v by_o jago_n than_o jago_n with_o his_o son_n constantine_n by_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_n and_o afterward_o the_o say_a howel_n with_o his_o brethren_n cadwallon_n and_o meyric_n be_v slay_v and_o spoil_v of_o their_o land_n meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o ap_fw-mi howel_n dha_n year_n 986_o this_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n havingslain_a cadwallon_n obtain_v the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o north-wales_n in_o the_o year_n 986._o godfrid_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n the_o three_o time_n enter_v the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n where_o have_v take_v lywarck_o the_o son_n of_o owen_n with_o two_o thousand_o prisoner_n beside_o he_o cruel_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n whereupon_o meredyth_n the_o prince_n with_o the_o rest_n escape_v and_o flee_v to_o cardigan_n and_o the_o same_o year_n there_o be_v a_o great_a murrain_n of_o cattle_n throughout_o all_o wales_n year_n 987_o in_o the_o year_n 987._o die_v janaf_a the_o son_n of_o edwal_n who_o have_v live_v many_o year_n a_o private_a life_n the_o same_o year_n also_o die_v owen_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n prince_n of_o southwales_n this_o owen_n have_v three_o son_n eneon_n which_o die_v in_o his_o father_n life_n time_n lhywarck_v which_o lose_v both_o his_o eye_n and_o meredyth_n which_o as_o â—â—fore_o be_v declare_v have_v win_v north-wales_n and_o after_o his_o father_n death_n take_v also_o into_o his_o possession_n all_o southwales_n have_v no_o respect_n to_o his_o brother_n eneon_n his_o son_n edwin_n and_o theodor_n or_o tewdor_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o dane_n sail_v from_o hampton_n alongst_o the_o sea_n coast_n army_n the_o tribute_n of_o the_o black_a army_n spoil_v devonshire_n and_o cornwall_n and_o so_o at_o last_o land_v in_o southwales_n and_o destroy_v saint_n david_n lanbadarn_n lhanrystid_n and_o lhandydock_n which_o be_v all_o place_n of_o religion_n and_o do_v so_o much_o hurt_v in_o the_o country_n beside_o that_o to_o be_v rid_v of_o they_o meredyth_n be_v fain_o to_o agree_v with_o they_o and_o to_o give_v they_o a_o penny_n for_o every_o man_n within_o his_o land_n which_o be_v call_v the_o tribute_n of_o the_o black_a army_n year_n 989_o the_o year_n 989._o owen_n the_o son_n of_o dyfnwal_n be_v slay_v within_o a_o year_n after_o meredith_n king_n of_o wales_n destroy_v the_o town_n of_o radnor_n at_o which_o time_n his_o nephew_n edwin_n the_o son_n of_o encon_n have_v to_o his_o aid_n duke_n adelf_n and_o a_o great_a army_n of_o englishman_n and_o dane_n spoil_v all_o the_o land_n of_o meredith_n in_o southwales_n as_o caerdigan_n dynet_n gwyr_n kydwch_n and_o saint_n david_n where_o edwin_n take_v pledge_n of_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o those_o country_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n this_o meredith_n with_o his_o people_n do_v spoil_v glamorgan_n so_o that_o no_o place_n be_v free_a from_o sword_n and_o fire_n but_o at_o the_o last_o meredith_n and_o edwin_n fall_v to_o a_o agreement_n and_o be_v make_v friend_n soon_o after_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o meredith_n die_v meredith_n be_v thus_o employ_v have_v so_o much_o to_o do_v in_o southwales_n that_o north-wales_n lie_v open_a for_o the_o enemy_n which_o thing_n when_o the_o dane_n perceive_v they_o arrive_v in_o anglisey_n and_o destroy_v the_o whole_a isle_n 992._o matth._n west_n pag._n 383._o jâ—a_n castor_n 992._o whereupon_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n receive_v edwal_n the_o son_n of_o meyric_n the_o right_a heir_n of_o north-wales_n for_o their_o prince_n in_o the_o year_n 992._o after_o these_o great_a trouble_n there_o follow_v within_o a_o year_n after_o such_o famine_n and_o scarcity_n in_o southwales_n that_o many_o perish_v for_o want_n of_o food_n edwal_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n the_o son_n of_o meredith_n this_o edwal_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n study_v to_o keep_v and_o defend_v his_o people_n from_o injury_n and_o wrong_n but_o meredith_n gather_v together_o all_o his_o power_n intend_v to_o recover_v again_o north-wales_n with_o who_o edwal_n meet_v at_o lhagwm_n and_o overthrow_v he_o in_o plain_a battle_n where_o theodor_n or_o tewdor_n manor_n meredith_n his_o nephew_n be_v slay_v who_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n rees_n and_o rytherck_n and_o a_o daughter_n call_v elen._n a_o little_a after_o this_o swain_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n destroy_v the_o isle_n of_o man_n and_o enter_v into_o north-wales_n slay_v edwal_n the_o prince_n thereof_o who_o leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n call_v jago_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 998._o the_o dane_n come_v again_o to_o saint_n david_n destroy_v all_o before_o they_o and_o there_o they_o slay_v morgency_n or_o rather_o vrgency_n bishop_n of_o that_o see_v the_o same_o year_n also_o die_v meredith_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o wales_n leave_v behind_o he_o one_o only_a daughter_n call_v angharad_n which_o be_v marry_v to_o lewellin_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n and_o after_o his_o death_n to_o convyn_n hirdref_n or_o as_o other_o do_v think_v to_o convyn_n ap_fw-mi gwerystan_n who_o have_v child_n by_o either_o of_o they_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o much_o war_n and_o mischief_n in_o wales_n as_o shall_v appear_v hereafter_o aedan_n the_o son_n of_o blegor_v the_o death_n of_o both_o these_o prince_n forsomuch_o as_o meredith_n have_v no_o issue_n male_a and_o edwal_n leave_v behind_o he_o a_o child_n within_o year_n not_o able_a to_o take_v the_o charge_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n do_v cause_v much_o trouble_n to_o ensue_v for_o in_o north-wales_n divers_a do_v aspire_v
be_v there_o write_v a_o description_n of_o the_o country_n as_o he_o do_v also_o of_o england_n and_o wales_n some_o affirm_v he_o be_v archdeacon_n of_o landaff_n of_o brecknock_n and_o st._n david_n he_o be_v for_o certain_a be_v elect_a unto_o this_o see_v an._n 1199_o he_o make_v challenge_v unto_o the_o title_n of_o a_o archbishop_n at_o rome_n which_o controversy_n how_o it_o be_v debate_v and_o end_v you_o may_v read_v at_o large_a in_o r._n hoveden_n his_o report_n of_o the_o year_n aforesaid_a he_o be_v once_o accuse_v of_o treason_n but_o happy_o acquit_v live_v till_o he_o be_v 70._o year_n of_o age_n and_o upward_o and_o die_v be_v bury_v in_o his_o own_o church_n he_o write_v many_o book_n the_o catalogue_n whereof_o you_o may_v find_v in_o bale_n 50._o jorwerth_n or_o edward_n be_v consecrate_v 1215._o 51._o alselmus_fw-la or_o anselmus_fw-la 52._o thomas_n archdeacon_n of_o lincoln_n a_o welshman_n and_o a_o great_a clerk_n forsake_v other_o great_a preferment_n accept_v of_o this_o bishopric_n be_v a_o miserable_a poor_a thing_n at_o that_o time_n the_o year_n 1247._o 53._o richard_n carrion_n 54._o thomas_n beck_n he_o found_v two_o college_n one_o at_o abergwily_n and_o another_o at_o lhan-dewybreny_a 55._o david_n martin_n 56._o henry_n gower_z he_o build_v the_o bishop_n palace_n at_o saint_n david_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1347._o 57_o john_n teresbie_n or_o thorsby_n translate_v to_o worcester_n 1349_o and_o thence_o to_o york_n 1352._o 58._o riginald_n brian_n translate_v to_o worcester_n 1352._o 59_o thomas_n fastock_n die_v the_o year_n 1361._o 60._o adam_n houghton_n found_v a_o college_n near_o to_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o st._n david_n he_o be_v chancellor_n of_o england_n for_o a_o time_n about_o the_o year_n 1376._o 61._o john_n gilbert_n bishop_n of_o bangor_n be_v translate_v to_o hereford_n 1376._o and_o thence_o hither_o 1389._o 62._o guido_n de_fw-fr mona_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1407_o who_o while_o he_o live_v say_v walsingham_n be_v a_o cause_n of_o much_o mischief_n 63._o henry_n chichley_n be_v consecrate_v at_o sienna_n by_o the_o pope_n own_o hand_n june_n the_o 12._o 1409._o sit_v five_o year_n and_o be_v translate_v to_o canterbury_n 64._o john_n keterich_n or_o catarich_n sometime_o archdeacon_n of_o surry_n be_v translate_v hence_o to_o coventry_n and_o lichfield_n the_o year_n 1415._o and_o after_o to_o exeter_n 65._o stephen_n patrington_n a_o jacobine_n friar_n as_o one_o say_v or_o rather_o a_o carmelite_n as_o another_o say_v be_v at_o the_o council_n of_o constance_n be_v by_o the_o pope_n translate_v to_o chichester_n in_o december_n 1417._o as_o the_o record_n of_o st._n david_n do_v affirm_v other_o say_v and_o i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v true_a that_o he_o refuse_v to_o accept_v of_o the_o pope_n gift_n 66._o benit_n nicols_n bishop_n of_o bangor_n succeed_v he_o 67._o thomas_n rodborn_n a_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n be_v bring_v up_o in_o oxford_n and_o become_v first_o archdeacon_n of_o sudbury_n than_o bishop_n of_o st._n david_n he_o write_v divers_a work_n among_o the_o rest_n a_o history_n or_o chronicle_n the_o year_n 1434_o the_o king_n endeavour_v to_o translate_v he_o to_o ely_n but_o can_v not_o 68_o william_n lynwood_n doctor_n of_o law_n first_o chancellor_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n than_o keeper_n of_o the_o privy_a seal_n have_v first_o be_v employ_v in_o embassage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n portugal_n and_o other_o prince_n he_o write_v much_o among_o other_o his_o work_n he_o be_v famous_a for_o put_v in_o order_n such_o provincial_a constitution_n as_o have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n from_o the_o time_n of_o stephen_n langton_n unto_o henry_n chichley_n he_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n 1440_o but_o just_a what_o time_n he_o become_v bishop_n or_o when_o he_o die_v i_o can_v tell_v he_o lie_v bury_v at_o st._n stephens_n in_o westminster_n 69._o john_n langton_n die_v within_o 15._o day_n after_o his_o consecration_n 70._o john_n de_fw-fr le_fw-fr beer_n 71._o robert_n tully_n a_o monk_n of_o gloucester_n this_o man_n i_o take_v to_o be_v he_o that_o by_o the_o name_n of_o robert_n sherborne_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v translate_v to_o chichester_n the_o year_n 1508._o 72._o richard_n martin_n 73._o thomas_n langton_n 74._o hugh_n pany_n he_o impropry_v to_o the_o vicar_n choral_n of_o st._n david_n the_o church_n of_o lan-saint-fred_n 75._o john_n morgan_z die_v in_o the_o priory_n of_o caermarthyn_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o his_o own_o church_n 76._o edward_n vaughan_n build_v a_o new_a chapel_n in_o his_o church_n of_o st._n david_n 77._o richard_n rawlin_fw-ge 78._o william_n barlow_n translate_v to_o well_n have_v sit_v here_o 10_o year_n about_o the_o year_n 1548_o and_o after_o to_o chichester_n 79._o robert_n ferrar_n of_o who_o read_v fox_n if_o you_o please_v 80._o henry_n morgan_z died_z decemb._n 23._o 1559._o 81._o thomas_n young_a stay_v here_o but_o a_o very_a short_a time_n be_v translate_v to_o york_n february_n 25._o 1561._o 82._o richard_n davis_n bishop_n of_o asaph_n 83._o marmaduke_n midleton_n bishop_n of_o waterford_n in_o ireland_n 84._o anthony_n rud_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n bear_v in_o yorkshire_n bring_v up_o in_o cambridge_n after_o he_o have_v be_v the_o space_n of_o nine_o year_n dean_n of_o gloucester_n be_v consecrate_v june_n the_o 9_o 1594._o 85._o richard_n milbourne_n translate_v to_o carlisle_n 86._o william_n laud_n 1621._o translate_v to_o well_n 1626._o from_o thence_o to_o london_n be_v chancellor_n of_o oxford_n last_o translate_v to_o canterbury_n 1633._o and_o last_o behead_v on_o tower-hill_n 87._o theoph._n field_n 1627._o translate_v to_o hereford_n 1635._o 88_o roger_n mainwaring_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n 1641._o at_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o parliament_n so_o fatal_a to_o bishop_n the_o bishopric_n of_o st._n david_n be_v value_v in_o the_o exchequer_n at_o 426_o l_o 22_o ob_n and_o in_o the_o pope_n book_n at_o 1500_o ducat_n let_v we_o now_o return_v to_o our_o former_a matter_n in_o hand_n about_o the_o year_n 1149._o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v build_v a_o castle_n at_o yale_n build_v yale_n castle_n &_o lhanrystyd_n castle_n build_v and_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n build_v another_o at_o lhanrystyd_n and_o give_v cadogan_n his_o son_n part_n of_o caerdigan_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n madoc_n the_o son_n of_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n do_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o oswestrie_n which_o now_o give_v the_o title_n of_o a_o barony_n to_o the_o honourable_a family_n of_o the_o howard_n and_o give_v his_o nephew_n owen_n and_o meiric_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n his_o part_n of_o cynelioc_n build_v oswestrie_n castle_n build_v the_o year_n after_o prince_n owen_n do_v imprison_v conan_n his_o son_n for_o certain_a fault_n commit_v against_o his_o father_n also_o prince_n owen_n son_n take_v his_o uncle_n cadwallader_n prisoner_n and_o bring_v his_o country_n and_o castle_n to_o his_o subjection_n at_o this_o time_n also_o cadelh_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o caermarthyn_n and_o from_o thence_o conduct_v his_o army_n to_o cydwely_n where_o he_o destroy_v and_o spoil_v all_o the_o country_n and_o after_o his_o return_n he_o join_v his_o force_n with_o meredyth_n and_o rees_n his_o brother_n and_o enter_v caerdigan_n win_v that_o part_n call_v isaeron_a not_o long_o after_o there_o fall_v a_o variance_n betwixt_o randol_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n throat_n the_o welsh_a still_o join_v with_o their_o enemy_n to_o cut_v their_o own_o throat_n which_o cause_v randal_n to_o gather_v supply_n and_o auxilary_n from_o all_o his_o friend_n in_o england_n to_o who_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powis_n disdain_v to_o hold_v his_o land_n of_o owen_n join_v all_o his_o power_n and_o they_o both_o together_o enter_v prince_n owen_n land_n who_o like_o a_o worthy_a prince_n not_o suffer_v the_o spoil_n of_o his_o subject_n meet_v they_o at_o counsylht_n and_o bold_o bid_v they_o battle_n which_o they_o refuse_v not_o but_o be_v more_o in_o number_n norman_n the_o welsh_a obtain_v a_o admirable_a victory_n against_o the_o norman_n and_o better_o arm_v and_o weapon_v be_v glad_a of_o the_o occasion_n yet_o before_o the_o end_n they_o throw_v away_o both_o weapon_n and_o armour_n and_o trust_v to_o their_o foot_n who_o the_o north-wales_n man_n do_v so_o pursue_v that_o few_o escape_v but_o be_v either_o slay_v or_o take_v the_o chief_a chieftain_n except_v who_o nimble_a horse_n carry_v they_o swift_o away_o in_o the_o year_n 1150._o cadelh_n meredyth_n and_o rees_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n conquer_v all_o caerdigan_n from_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n owen_n except_o the_o castle_n of_o lhanvihengel_n
undermine_v the_o wall_n which_o when_o the_o garrison_n discover_v and_o know_v that_o their_o enemy_n be_v three_o to_o one_o they_o be_v content_a to_o yield_v up_o the_o castle_n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o may_v depart_v with_o their_o arm_n free_o whichafter_o the_o archbishop_n take_v suffer_v they_o to_o pass_v quiet_o fortify_v the_o castle_n strong_o to_o the_o king_n use_n and_o place_v therein_o a_o garrison_n for_o defence_n thereof_o depart_v into_o england_n but_o immediate_o wenwinwin_n or_o gwenwinwin_n begird_v it_o again_o and_o in_o short_a space_n reduce_v it_o upon_o the_o same_o condition_n that_o his_o man_n have_v surrender_v it_o and_o keep_v the_o same_o to_o his_o own_o use_n 534._o p._n rees_n die_v hol._n p._n 534._o the_o next_o year_n after_o the_o four_o of_o may_n rees_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n p._n of_o southwales_n die_v the_o only_a hope_n and_o stay_v of_o all_o that_o part_n of_o wales_n as_o he_o that_o bring_v they_o out_o of_o the_o thraldom_n and_o bondage_n of_o stranger_n and_o set_v they_o at_o liberty_n and_o have_v defend_v they_o divers_a time_n in_o the_o field_n manful_o 249._o mr._n powel_n fol._n 249._o daunt_v the_o pride_n and_o courage_n of_o their_o cruel_a enemy_n who_o he_o do_v either_o chase_n out_o of_o the_o land_n or_o compel_v by_o force_n to_o live_v quiet_o at_o home_n rees_n the_o encomium_n of_o prince_n rees_n woe_n to_o that_o cruel_a destiny_n that_o spoil_v the_o miserable_a land_n of_o her_o defence_n and_o shield_n who_o as_o he_o descend_v of_o noble_a and_o princely_a blood_n so_o he_o pass_v all_o other_o in_o commendable_a quality_n and_o laudable_a virtue_n of_o the_o mind_n he_o be_v the_o overthower_n of_o the_o mighty_a the_o setter_n up_o of_o the_o weak_a the_o overturner_n of_o the_o hold_v the_o separater_n of_o troop_n the_o scatterer_n of_o his_o foe_n among_o who_o he_o appear_v as_o a_o wild_a bore_n among_o the_o whelp_n or_o a_o lion_n that_o for_o anger_n beat_v his_o tail_n to_o the_o ground_n see_v more_o of_o he_o in_o polychronicon_n and_o grafton_n rees_n the_o king_n of_o england_n descend_v from_o this_o p._n rees_n this_o prince_n have_v many_o son_n and_o daughter_n as_o gruffith_n who_o succeed_v his_o father_n cadwalhon_n maelgon_n meredyth_n rees_n and_o of_o his_o daughter_n one_o call_v gwenlhian_n be_v marry_v co_fw-la ednivet_n vachan_n who_o be_v ancestor_n of_o owen_n theodore_n or_o tudor_n that_o marry_a queen_n katherine_n the_o widow_n of_o k._n henry_n the_o five_o and_o the_o rest_n be_v marry_v to_o other_o lord_n in_o the_o country_n after_o the_o death_n of_o rees_n gruffith_n his_o son_n subdue_v all_o the_o country_n to_o himself_o and_o enjoy_v it_o in_o peace_n until_o maelgon_v his_o brother_n who_o his_o father_n have_v disinherited_a make_v league_n with_o gwinwynwyn_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n civelioc_n lord_n of_o powis_n who_o both_o together_o levy_a force_n and_o come_v sudden_o upon_o gruffith_n and_o slay_v many_o of_o his_o people_n take_v he_o prisoner_n and_o so_o recover_v all_o the_o country_n of_o caerdigan_n with_o the_o castle_n thus_o maelgon_n have_v take_v his_o brother_n send_v he_o to_o be_v imprison_v with_o gwinwynwyn_n who_o in_o despite_n deliver_v he_o to_o the_o english_a then_o gwenwynwyn_n gather_v his_o power_n and_o enter_v arustlie_o and_o subdue_v the_o same_o to_o himself_o about_o this_o time_n there_o be_v a_o great_a war_n in_o north-wales_n for_o the_o late_a prince_n david_n ap_fw-mi owen_n come_v with_o a_o great_a army_n as_o well_o english_a as_o welsh_a purpose_v to_o recover_v the_o land_n again_o but_o lhewelin_n his_o nephew_n who_o be_v the_o lawful_a heir_n and_o then_o in_o possession_n thereof_o come_v bold_o and_o meet_v he_o call_v powis_n wenwynwyn_n why_o so_o call_v add_v give_v he_o battle_n and_o put_v his_o people_n to_o flight_n take_v he_o prisoner_n and_o secure_v he_o by_o which_o mean_v he_o enjoy_v his_o country_n in_o quiet_a tranquillity_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n owen_n cyvelioc_n prince_n of_o high_a powis_n die_v and_o leave_v his_o territory_n to_o gwenwinwin_n his_o son_n after_o who_o that_o part_n of_o powis_n be_v call_v powis_n gwenwinwin_n for_o a_o difference_n from_o the_o other_o call_v powis_n vadoc_n which_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o bromfield_n at_o this_o time_n also_o die_v owen_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n maylor_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n and_o brichtyr_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi likewise_o maelgon_v the_o son_n of_o cadwalhon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n lord_n of_o melienyth_n not_o long_o after_o traherne_a vachan_n a_o man_n of_o great_a power_n in_o the_o country_n of_o brecknock_n as_o he_o come_v to_o lancor_n to_o speak_v with_o william_n bruise_v lord_n thereof_o be_v sudden_o take_v murder_n a_o cruel_a murder_n and_o by_o the_o lord_n command_v tie_v to_o a_o horse_n tail_n and_o draw_v through_o the_o town_n of_o aberhodny_n or_o brecknock_n to_o the_o gallow_n and_o there_o behead_v and_o his_o body_n hang_v up_o by_o the_o foot_n three_o day_n this_o cruelty_n show_v upon_o no_o just_a cause_n cause_v his_o brother_n wife_n and_o child_n to_o avoid_v the_o country_n the_o year_n ensue_v maelgon_v the_o son_n of_o prince_n rees_n after_o he_o have_v imprison_v his_o elder_a brother_n get_v his_o castle_n of_o aberteini_n and_o stratmeiric_n also_o the_o young_a son_n of_o p._n rees_n win_v the_o castle_n of_o dinevowr_n from_o the_o norman_n the_o summer_n follow_v gwenwinwin_n intend_v to_o extend_v the_o limit_n of_o wales_n to_o the_o old_a meers_n gather_v a_o great_a army_n and_o lay_v siege_n first_o to_o the_o castle_n of_o pain_n in_o eluel_n which_o be_v of_o the_o possession_n of_o william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n make_v a_o proclamation_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v win_v the_o castle_n he_o will_v burn_v all_o the_o whole_a country_n to_o severne_v without_o mercy_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o murder_n of_o traherne_n vachan_n his_o cousin_n but_o because_o he_o have_v not_o engine_n and_o miner_n he_o lay_v three_o week_n at_o the_o castle_n whilst_o the_o murderer_n send_v to_o england_n for_o aid_n whereupon_o jeffrie_n fitz_n peter_n lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n raise_v force_n and_o join_v with_o he_o all_o the_o lord_n marcher_n come_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o because_o fortune_n in_o battle_n be_v various_a and_o uncertain_a he_o send_v first_o gwenwinwin_n to_o have_v a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n conclude_v but_o he_o and_o his_o adherent_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n condescend_v thereunto_o but_o answer_v that_o they_o will_v that_o journey_n revenge_v their_o old_a wrong_n ruin_n the_o welsh_a still_o make_v instrument_n to_o one_o another_o ruin_n whereupon_o the_o english_a lord_n do_v first_o enlarge_v gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n rees_n of_o southwales_n who_o they_o know_v to_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o gwenwynwyn_n which_o gruffith_n gather_v a_o great_a power_n and_o join_v with_o the_o english_a lord_n and_o so_o they_o come_v towards_o the_o castle_n against_o who_o gwenwinwin_n advance_v very_o stout_o and_o there_o begin_v a_o cruel_a fight_n with_o much_o slaughter_n on_o either_o side_n but_o at_o the_o last_o the_o english_a carry_v the_o victory_n and_o gwenwynwyn_n lose_v most_o of_o his_o man_n among_o who_o be_v anarawd_n son_n of_o eneon_n owen_n ap_fw-mi cadwalhon_n richard_n ap_fw-mi jestin_n and_o robert_n ap_fw-mi howel_n also_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n be_v then_o take_v prisoner_n with_o divers_a other_o matthew_n paris_n say_v that_o this_o battle_n be_v fight_v before_o mauds_n castle_n and_o that_o of_o the_o welshman_n be_v then_o slay_v 3700._o 259._o 3700_o welshman_n slay_v a._n lhoyd_n mat._n paris_n pag_n 259._o and_o after_o this_o victory_n the_o english_a lord_n return_v with_o great_a honour_n and_o forthwith_o gruffith_n son_n to_o p._n rees_n recover_v by_o force_n and_o favour_n of_o the_o people_n all_o his_o land_n except_o the_o two_o castle_n aberteini_n and_o stratmeiric_n which_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n by_o the_o aid_n of_o gwenwinwin_n have_v wrongful_o take_v from_o he_o this_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n fear_v his_o displeasure_n take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n before_o both_o noble_a and_o religious_a man_n which_o endeavour_v to_o make_v peace_n betwixt_o they_o that_o if_o his_o brother_n gruffith_n will_v give_v he_o pledge_n for_o assurance_n of_o his_o own_o person_n he_o will_v deliver_v he_o by_o a_o day_n the_o castle_n of_o aberteini_n whereupon_o gruffith_n do_v so_o prosper_v perjury_n never_o prosper_v but_o as_o soon_o as_o maelgon_n get_v the_o pledge_n he_o fortify_v the_o castle_n and_o man_v it_o to_o his_o own_o use_n and_o send_v the_o pledge_n to_o gwenwinwin_n who_o hate_v gruffith_n to_o death_n there_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o
say_a justice_n have_v no_o jurisdiction_n in_o those_o patt_n and_o not_o be_v content_v to_o get_v timber_n there_o for_o building_n as_o well_o of_o ruthlan_n as_o of_o other_o place_n but_o also_o destroy_v the_o same_o wood_n sell_v it_o and_o carry_v it_o into_o ireland_n 4._o item_n where_o the_o say_v david_n take_v certain_a outlaw_n and_o rover_n in_o the_o wood_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v hang_v yet_o the_o say_a justice_n accuse_v david_n to_o the_o king_n for_o succour_v and_o maintain_v the_o thief_n aforesaid_a which_o be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v true_a see_v he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v hang_v 5._o item_n it_o be_v provide_v in_o the_o peace_n that_o all_o the_o welshman_n and_o their_o cause_n shall_v be_v judge_v after_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n this_o be_v in_o no_o point_n observe_v with_o the_o say_v david_n and_o his_o people_n of_o these_o aforesaid_a grief_n the_o say_v david_n require_v often_o amends_o either_o according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n or_o of_o special_a favour_n but_o he_o can_v never_o obtain_v any_o of_o they_o both_o at_o his_o hand_n further_o the_o say_a david_n be_v warn_v in_o the_o king_n court_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o reginald_n grey_n shall_v come_v from_o the_o court_n requite_v good_a service_n ill_o requite_v the_o say_a david_n shall_v be_v take_v and_o spoil_v of_o his_o castle_n of_o hope_n his_o wood_n shall_v be_v cut_v down_o and_o his_o child_n take_v for_o pledge_n who_o see_v he_o have_v take_v great_a pain_n and_o peril_n for_o the_o king_n in_o all_o his_o war_n as_o well_o himself_o as_o his_o people_n both_o in_o england_n and_o wales_n and_o have_v lose_v thereby_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o his_o country_n and_o yet_o nevertheless_o can_v obtain_v neither_o justice_n amends_o nor_o favour_n at_o his_o hand_n have_v such_o great_a wrong_n offer_v unto_o he_o and_o fear_v his_o own_o life_n and_o his_o child_n or_o else_o perpetual_a prison_n be_v enforce_v as_o it_o be_v against_o his_o will_n begin_v to_o defend_v himself_o and_o his_o people_n grief_n and_o injury_n offer_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o officer_n to_o the_o man_n of_o ros._n 1._o this_o be_v the_o form_n of_o peace_n which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v promise_v the_o man_n of_o ros_n before_o they_o do_v he_o homage_n which_o he_o promise_v they_o to_o observe_v inviolable_o that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v grant_v to_o every_o of_o they_o their_o right_n and_o jurisdiction_n as_o they_o have_v in_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n according_a as_o the_o say_a man_n do_v report_n that_o they_o have_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n 2._o item_n the_o lord_n the_o king_n do_v promise_v the_o same_o man_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v justice_n in_o their_o suit_n after_o grant_v of_o the_o which_o article_n the_o say_v man_n do_v homage_n unto_o the_o king_n and_o then_o the_o king_n promise_v they_o with_o his_o own_o mouth_n faithful_o to_o observe_v the_o say_v article_n this_o notwithstanding_o a_o certain_a nobleman_n pass_v by_o the_o king_n high_a way_n with_o his_o wife_n in_o the_o king_n peace_n meet_v certain_a english_a labourer_n and_o mason_n go_v to_o ruthlan_n where_o they_o do_v then_o work_n welsh_a a_o notorious_a ouragious_a murder_n and_o injustice_n commit_v against_o the_o welsh_a who_o attempt_v by_o force_n to_o take_v away_o his_o wife_n from_o he_o and_o while_o he_o defend_v she_o as_o well_o as_o he_o can_v one_o of_o they_o kill_v his_o wife_n and_o he_o who_o kill_v she_o with_o his_o follower_n be_v take_v and_o when_o the_o kindred_n of_o she_o who_o be_v slay_v require_v law_n at_o the_o justice_n of_o chester_n hand_n for_o their_o kinswoman_n they_o be_v put_v in_o prison_n and_o the_o murderer_n deliver_v 3._o item_n a_o certain_a man_n kill_v a_o gentleman_n who_o have_v kill_v the_o son_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi heilyn_n and_o be_v take_v but_o when_o certain_a of_o the_o kindred_n require_v justice_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o chester_n certain_a of_o they_o be_v imprison_v and_o the_o offender_n set_v at_o liberty_n and_o justice_n deny_v to_o the_o kindred_n oppress_a a_o profitable_a judge_n to_o himself_o but_o unjust_a to_o the_o oppress_a 4._o item_n certain_a gentleman_n claim_v some_o land_n and_o offer_v the_o king_n a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o have_v justice_n by_o the_o verdict_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o country_n than_o the_o land_n be_v adjudge_v to_o the_o claimer_n reginald_n grey_n take_v the_o same_o land_n corn_n good_n and_o all_o upon_o the_o ground_n so_o that_o they_o lose_v their_o land_n money_n corn_n and_o cattle_n 5._o item_n it_o be_v our_o right_n that_o no_o stranger_n shall_v cut_v our_o wood_n without_o our_o leave_n yet_o this_o notwithstanding_o case_n a_o hard_a case_n there_o be_v a_o proclamation_n at_o ruthlan_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o all_o other_o man_n to_o cut_v down_o our_o wood_n but_o to_o we_o it_o be_v forbid_v 6._o item_n where_o divers_a honest_a man_n have_v land_n of_o the_o gift_n of_o the_o say_v david_n the_o justice_n take_v the_o say_a man_n land_n away_o jewish_a a_o slavery_n worse_o than_o jewish_a 7._o item_n when_o any_o come_v to_o ruthlan_n with_o merchandise_n if_o he_o refuse_v whatsoever_o any_o englishman_n offer_v he_o be_v forthwith_o send_v to_o the_o castle_n to_o prison_n and_o the_o buyer_n have_v the_o thing_n and_o the_o king_n have_v the_o price_n then_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o castle_n first_o spoil_n and_o beat_v the_o party_n and_o then_o cause_v he_o to_o pay_v the_o porter_n and_o let_v he_o go_v 8._o item_n if_o any_o welshman_n buy_v any_o thing_n in_o ruthland_n and_o any_o englishman_n do_v meet_v he_o he_o will_v take_v it_o from_o he_o and_o give_v he_o less_o than_o he_o pay_v for_o it_o 9_o item_n the_o king_n contrary_a to_o his_o promise_n make_v to_o the_o man_n of_o ros_n have_v give_v the_o territory_n of_o maynan_n penmayn_n and_o lhysuayn_n 10._o item_n certain_a gentleman_n of_o the_o cantref_o of_o ros_n buy_v certain_a office_n and_o pay_v their_o money_n for_o the_o same_o yet_o the_o justice_n of_o chester_n take_v the_o say_v office_n from_o they_o without_o cause_n 11._o item_n grono_fw-it ap_fw-mi heilyn_n take_v to_o farm_n of_o godfrey_n marliney_n the_o territory_n of_o maynan_n and_o lhysuayn_n for_o the_o term_n of_o four_o year_n yet_o robert_n de_fw-fr cruquer_n with_o horse_n and_o arm_n and_o 24_o horseman_n come_v to_o vex_v the_o say_a grono_n so_o that_o he_o have_v no_o safe_a go_v neither_o to_o ruthlan_n nor_o chester_n without_o a_o great_a guard_n of_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n 12._o item_n certain_a gentleman_n be_v arrest_v for_o trespass_n do_v before_o the_o war_n and_o imprison_v and_o can_v not_o be_v deliver_v until_o they_o have_v pay_v 16_o mark_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o peace_n conclude_v 13._o item_n our_o cause_n ought_v to_o be_v decide_v after_o the_o custom_n of_o our_o law_n but_o our_o man_n be_v compel_v to_o swear_v against_o their_o conscience_n else_o they_o be_v not_o suffer_v to_o swear_v furthermore_o we_o spend_v 300_o mark_n in_o go_v to_o the_o king_n for_o justice_n in_o the_o aforesaid_a article_n welsh_a sr._n reginald_n gâ—ey_n a_o cruel_a tyrant_n over_o the_o welsh_a and_o when_o we_o believe_v to_o recover_v full_a justice_n the_o king_n send_v to_o our_o party_n the_o lord_n reginald_n grey_n to_o who_o the_o king_n have_v set_v all_o the_o land_n to_z farm_z to_o handle_v the_o man_n of_o the_o say_v cantref_o as_o it_o please_v he_o who_o compel_v we_o to_o king_n to_o to_o swear_v by_o his_o hand_n whereas_o we_o shall_v swear_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n swear_v in_o his_o name_n whereas_o we_o shall_v swear_v in_o the_o king_n name_n and_o where_o the_o king_n cross_n ought_v to_o be_v erect_v he_o cause_v his_o cross_n to_o be_v erect_v in_o token_n that_o he_o be_v the_o very_a true_a lord_n and_o the_o say_v reginald_n at_o his_o first_o come_v to_o those_o part_n of_o wales_n sell_v to_o certain_a servant_n of_o the_o king_n office_n for_o 60_o mark_n which_o the_o say_v servant_n buy_v before_o of_o the_o king_n for_o 24_o mark_v which_o office_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v sell_v at_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o lord_n 14._o item_n the_o king_n give_v meredyth_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n a_o captainship_n for_o his_o service_n reginald_n grey_n take_v it_o from_o he_o neither_o can_v he_o get_v any_o remedy_n at_o the_o king_n hand_n for_o the_o same_o 15._o item_n one_o of_o the_o council_n of_o the_o say_v reginald_n cynwric_n vachan_n tell_v we_o by_o mouth_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o